hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Boxcar function
In mathematics, a boxcar function is any function which is zero over the entire real line except for a single interval where it is equal to a constant, A. The function is named after its graph's resemblance to a boxcar, a type of railroad car. The boxcar function can be expressed in terms of the uniform distribution as

where f(a,b;x) is the uniform distribution of x for the interval [a, b] and  is the Heaviside step function. As with most such discontinuous functions, there is a question of the value at the transition points, which are usually best chosen depending on the individual application.

When a boxcar function is selected as the impulse response of a filter, the result is a simple moving average filter, whose frequency response is a sinc-in-frequency, a type of low-pass filter.

Heaviside step function
The Heaviside step function, or the unit step function, usually denoted by H or θ (but sometimes u, 1 or 𝟙), is a step function named after Oliver Heaviside, the value of which is zero for negative arguments and one for positive arguments.  Different conventions concerning the value H(0) are in use. It is an example of the general class of step functions, all of which can be represented as linear combinations of translations of this one.

The function was originally developed in operational calculus for the solution of differential equations, where it represents a signal that switches on at a specified time and stays switched on indefinitely. Heaviside developed the operational calculus as a tool in the analysis of telegraphic communications and represented the function as 1.
2023 UAE Tour
The 2023 UAE Tour was a road cycling stage race that took place between 20 and 26 February 2023 in the United Arab Emirates. It was the fifth edition of the UAE Tour, and the third race of the 2023 UCI World Tour.

UAE Tour
The UAE Tour (Arabic: جولة الإمارات) are road cycling stage races in the United Arab Emirates, created as a result of the merging of the Abu Dhabi Tour and the Dubai Tour. A men's event was first held in 2019 as part of the UCI World Tour. A women's event was first held in 2023 as part of the UCI Women's World Tour. Both races have been won three times – the men's race by Slovenian rider Tadej Pogačar, and the women's race by Italian rider Elisa Longo Borghini. The race is owned by the Abu Dhabi Sports Council and organised by RCS Sport, the organisers of the Giro d'Italia and Giro d'Italia Women.
M1844 32-pounder howitzer
The M1844 32-pounder howitzer was a bronze smoothbore artillery piece adopted by the United States Army in 1844 and employed during the American Civil War. The muzzleloader fired a 25.6 lb (11.6 kg) common shell to a distance of 1,504 yd (1,375 m) at 5° elevation. It also fired canister shot and spherical case shot. The howitzer was originally designed to be used in a mixed battery with 12-pounder field guns. However, at the time of the American Civil War, the howitzer was replaced by the M1857 12-pounder Napoleon, which combined the functions of both field gun and howitzer. Only a few 32-pounder howitzers were produced, and they were used sparingly as field artillery in the American Civil War because of the weapon's great weight.

Canister shot
Canister shot is a kind of anti-personnel artillery ammunition. It has been used since the advent of gunpowder-firing artillery in Western armies, and saw particularly frequent use on land and at sea in the various wars of the 18th and 19th centuries. Canister is still used today in modern artillery.
Exmouth Gulf
Exmouth Gulf is a gulf in the north-west of Western Australia. It lies between North West Cape and the main coastline of Western Australia. It is considered to be part of the Pilbara Coast and Northwest Shelf, and the Carnarvon Basin geologic formation. It was named after Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth by Phillip Parker King in 1818.

Carnarvon Basin
The Carnarvon Basin is a geological basin located in the north west of Western Australia which extends from the Dampier Archipelago to the Murchison bioregion, and is the  main geological feature that makes up the North West Shelf. The onshore part of the Carnarvon Basin covers about 115,000 km2 and the offshore part covers approximately 535,000 km2 with water depths up to 3,500 metres. It is separated into two major areas - the Northern Carnarvon Basin, and the Southern Carnarvon Basin.
13th Hussars
The 13th Hussars (previously the 13th Light Dragoons) was a cavalry regiment of the British Army established in 1715. It saw service for three centuries including the Napoleonic Wars, the Crimean War and the First World War but then amalgamated with the 18th Royal Hussars, to form the 13th/18th Royal Hussars in 1922.

Cavalry regiments of the British Army
There are 13 cavalry regiments of the British Army each with its own unique cap badge, regimental traditions, and history. Of the currently nine regular cavalry regiments, two serve as armoured regiments, three as armoured cavalry regiments, three as light cavalry, and one as a mounted ceremonial regiment. There are also four yeomanry regiments of the Army Reserve, of these, three serve as light cavalry and one as an armoured regiment. Each yeomanry light cavalry unit has been paired with a regular unit of the same role, the armoured yeomanry unit is paired with the two regular armoured units (and a further armoured unit which is not cavalry). All except the Household Cavalry are part of the British Army's Royal Armoured Corps.
Oxalicibacterium horti
Oxalicibacterium horti is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, yellow-pigmented bacterium from the genus Oxalicibacterium and family Oxalobacteraceae. O. horti uses potassium oxalate as a sole carbon source. Its 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis has shown that it belongs to the order of Betaproteobacteria, most closely to Oxalicibacterium flavum.

Oxalobacteraceae
The Oxalobacteraceae are a family of bacteria, included in the order Burkholderiales. Like all Pseudomonadota, Oxalobacteraceae are Gram-negative. The family includes strict aerobes, strict anaerobes, and nitrogen-fixing (diazotrophic) members. The cells are curved, vibroid, or straight rod-shaped.
Eugene McDaniel
Eugene Barker McDaniel (born 27 September 1931) is a retired United States Navy captain, Naval Aviator and a prisoner of war during the Vietnam War. He was released from captivity on 4 March 1973 after six years of confinement.

Navy Cross
The Navy Cross is the United States naval services' second-highest military decoration awarded for sailors and marines who distinguish themselves for extraordinary heroism in combat with an armed enemy force. The medal is equivalent to the Distinguished Service Cross of the United States Army, the Air Force Cross of the United States Air Force and Space Force, and the Coast Guard Cross of the United States Coast Guard; collectively, these awards are known as the "service crosses".

The Navy Cross is bestowed by the secretary of the Navy and may also be awarded to members of the other armed services, and to foreign military personnel while serving with the U.S. naval services. The Navy Cross was established by Act of Congress (Public Law 65-253) and approved on February 4, 1919.
Montagu Stephen
Montagu Consett Stephen (28 April 1827 – 19 May 1872) was an Australian politician.

The Stephen family is a prominent legal dynasty in Australia. Montagu was born in Hobart, the son of Virginia née Consett and Alfred Stephen, who would later become Lieutenant-Governor of NSW and Chief Justice of NSW,. In 1843 he travelled to Tonbridge in England to complete his education, returning to Van Diemen's Land in 1844 and becoming a solicitor's clerk. Admitted as a solicitor in 1849, he practised alone and in partnership until 1864. On 25 May 1853 he married Emily Clara Jennings Smith. Having moved to New South Wales, he worked as solicitor to the Australian Mutual Provident Society and was a Woollahra alderman and mayor. He also held a number of pastoral runs in partnership in Queensland. In 1869 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Canterbury, but he resigned in 1870. Stephen died in London in 1872.

Alfred Stephen
Sir Alfred Stephen GCMG CB PC (20 August 1802 – 15 October 1894) was a British colonial solicitor in Van Diemen's Land who was later appointed as Chief Justice of New South Wales. He is mostly remembered for his genocidal attitudes toward Indigenous Australians.
Shūto Machino
Shūto Machino (町野 修斗, Machino Shūto; born 30 September 1999) is a Japanese professional footballer who plays as a striker for Bundesliga club Borussia Mönchengladbach and the Japan national team.

Machino was called-up for the national team to represent Japan at the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar, as a replacement for the injured Yuta Nakayama.

2022 EAFF E-1 Football Championship
The 2022 EAFF E-1 Football Championship was an association football tournament organized by the East Asian Football Federation. It was the 9th edition of the EAFF E-1 Football Championship, the football championship of East Asia. The finals were originally scheduled to be held in China. However, on 19 April 2022, it was announced that Japan would host the finals. It was the nation's fourth time hosting the tournament.

In this edition, preliminary rounds were not conducted. North Korea withdrew from the competition and the remaining slot of the participating teams for the final round was decided upon the FIFA rankings as of 31 March 2022.
2023 French Open – Boys' singles
Dino Prižmić won the boys' singles title at the 2023 French Open, defeating Juan Carlos Prado Ángelo in the final, 6–1, 6–4.

Gabriel Debru was the defending champion, but chose not to participate. He received a wildcard into the men's singles qualifying competition, where he lost to Nick Hardt in the first round.

2023 French Open
The 2023 French Open was a Grand Slam tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was held at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France, from 28 May to 11 June 2023, comprising singles, doubles and mixed doubles play. Junior and wheelchair tournaments were also played. 
It was the 122nd edition of the French Open and the second Grand Slam tournament of 2023.
Women of '69, Unboxed
Women of '69, Unboxed is a 2014 documentary film by director/producer Peter Barton and executive producer/producer Liz Roman Gallese. It is about 19 women who graduated from Skidmore College in 1969, when it was still an all-women college. The film won two awards at film festivals and received positive reception.

Skidmore College
Skidmore College is a private liberal arts college in Saratoga Springs, New York. Approximately 2,700 students are enrolled at Skidmore pursuing a Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science degree in one of more than 60 areas of study.

The college originated from a women's industrial club that was founded by Lucy Skidmore Scribner in 1903 and chartered as a school in 1911. In 1922 it grew into Skidmore College, a baccalaureate-degree-granting institution. In the late 1960s, the college moved from downtown Saratoga Springs to a newly constructed campus on the city's northern border. After a half-century as a women's college, Skidmore became coeducational in 1971.
When Harry Met Sally... (soundtrack)
When Harry Met Sally... is the soundtrack to the 1989 film of the same name starring Billy Crystal and Meg Ryan. The songs are performed by pianist Harry Connick Jr., who won the Grammy Award for Best Jazz Male Vocal Performance.

Edgar Sampson
Edgar Melvin Sampson (October 31, 1907 – January 16, 1973), nicknamed "The Lamb", was an American jazz composer, arranger, saxophonist, and violinist. Born in New York City, he began playing violin aged six and picked up the saxophone in high school. He worked as an arranger and composer for many jazz bands in the 1930s and 1940s. He composed two well-known jazz standards: "Stompin' at the Savoy", and "Don't Be That Way".
Guilhem Carayon
Guilhem Carayon (born 26 May 1999) is a French politician serving as vice president of the Union of the Right for the Republic (UDR) since 2024. He was a member of The Republicans until 2024, and served as leader of its youth wing Les Jeunes Républicains and as spokesperson and vice president of the party until switching to the UDR. He was a candidate for Tarn's 3rd constituency in the 2022 and 2024 legislative elections, and a candidate for member of the European Parliament in 2024. He is the son of Bernard Carayon.

Bernard Carayon
Bernard Carayon (French pronunciation: [bɛʁnaʁ kaʁajɔ̃]; born 1 October 1957, in Paris) was a member of the French parliament.   First elected in Tarn in 1993; he has been then reelected in 2002 and 2007. He is also mayor of Lavaur, a historic city near Toulouse, since 1995.
He is a member of the Union for a Popular Movement. Since 2009, he has been a lecturer at SciencesPo Paris in the department of public affairs.
With a focus on the questions of globalization, he has written two books entitled "Patriotisme économique" and "Changeons le monde" ("Let's change the world"). 
Together with a socialist MP he started a foundation called "Prometheus". Supported by a dozen prominent French companies, Prometheus tries to bridge the gap between the private and the public reflexions about globalization in order to build a genuine economic strategy for France and Europe.
Leicester City Hockey Club
Leicester City Hockey Club is a field hockey club based in Leicester, England, who play their home games at St. Margaret's Pastures. The ladies side has produced a number of international players and is recognised as one of the most successful clubs in England having won six league titles.

Women's England Hockey League
The Women's England Hockey League is a field hockey league organised by England Hockey that features women's teams from England.  From 2011–2020 it was sponsored by Investec and was referred to as the Investec Women's Hockey League.
2016 Washington State Treasurer election
The 2016 Washington State Treasurer election was held on November 8, 2016, to elect the Washington State Treasurer, concurrently with the 2016 U.S. presidential election, as well as elections to the U.S. Senate and various state and local elections, including for U.S. House and governor of Washington. Washington is one of two states that holds a top-two primary, meaning that all candidates are listed on the same ballot regardless of party affiliation, and the top two move on to the general election.

Incumbent Democratic State Treasurer James McIntire announced on December 16, 2015, that he would not seek a third term. Republican Benton County Treasurer Duane Davidson won the election, defeating fellow Republican Michael Waite. This was the first time a Republican had been elected to the office of Treasurer of Washington since 1952.

The top-two primary was held on August 2.

2016 Washington gubernatorial election
The 2016 Washington gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 2016.

Under Washington's top-two primary law, all candidates appear on the same ballot, regardless of party. In the August 2 primary, residents voted for one of several candidates from a range of party affiliations. The top two finishers, incumbent Governor Jay Inslee (Democratic) and Port of Seattle Commissioner Bill Bryant (Republican), moved on to the November general election, which Inslee won.

Grays Harbor County voted for a Republican candidate for the first time since 1964, and Pacific County did so for the first time since 1924. As of 2026, this was the last gubernatorial election in Washington in which the margin of victory was within single digits.
Cosford Hundred
Cosford was a hundred of Suffolk, consisting of 30,712 acres (124.29 km2).

The hundred consisted of Hadleigh, the only town of any size, and seventeen other parishes in western Suffolk. The area is undulating and agriculturally-fertile with clay soil, watered by the River Brett and its tributary streams. It is about twelve miles (19 km) in length from north to south and around five wide, and is bounded by the Hundreds of Samford, Babergh, Thedwestry, Stow and Bosmere and Claydon.

Cosford was in Coxford Union in the Liberty of St Edmund and in the Deanery and Archdeaconry of Sudbury. The area was until the nineteenth century part of the diocese of Norwich until it was moved to that of Ely. Hadleigh itself however is a peculiar of the Archbishop of Canterbury.

Listed as Cursforde in the Domesday Book and subsequently known for a period as Corsford or Corsforth, the name Cosford means "ford of the river Cors or Corsa".

Samford Hundred
Samford was a hundred of Suffolk, consisting of 44,940 acres (181.9 km2). It was situated to the south and south west of Ipswich.

The hundred was bounded by the River Orwell to the east, Essex to the south, the River Brett (and Shelley parish) to the west, and the parish boundaries of Burstall, Hintlesham, and Sproughton to the north.
Ahmad Azari Qomi
Grand Ayatollah Ahmad Azari-Qomi-Bigdeli (Persian: احمد بیگدلی آذری قمی; 1925 – February 1999) was an Iranian cleric. After the 1979 Iranian Revolution he served on the Special Clerical Court and Assembly of Experts, and founded the conservative Resalat newspaper. He was arrested in November 1997 after an open letter by him was published in Britain criticizing Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei for allowing torture and "moral corruption" among officials and clerics. Shortly after Khamenei denounced him in a televised speech for allegedly committing "treason against the people, the revolution and the country." His renewed candidacy for the Assembly of Experts was rejected by the Guardian Council the next year and he died in 1999.

Combatant Clergy Association
The Combatant Clergy Association (Persian: جامعه روحانیت مبارز, romanized: Jâme'e-ye Ruhâniat-e Mobârez) is a politically active group in Iran, but not a political party in the traditional sense.

It has never been registered as a political party; however, it acts as a fragmented caucus and has actively operated in the electoral arena, competing for votes. Thus, it is considered an elite party and can be classified as a political party according to the minimalist definition by Angelo Panebianco. The traditional conservative clerical association was the majority party in the fourth and fifth parliaments after the Islamic revolution.

The organization has great influence over non-elective institutions such as the judicial system, the Guardian Council and Revolutionary Guard Corps.
13th Star
13th Star is the ninth solo studio album (eighth of original material) by Fish since he left Marillion in 1988. Released as a limited edition via mail-order in September 2007 and to retail in February 2008, it is his first since Field of Crows (2004). Released on Fish's own imprint Chocolate Frog Records, retail distribution is handled by Snapper Music.

Field of Crows
Field of Crows is Fish's eighth solo studio album (seventh of original material) since he left Marillion in 1988 and the first since Fellini Days (2001). Released on Fish's own label Chocolate Frog Records, retail distribution is now handled by Snapper Music.
NGC 4246
NGC 4246 is an unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Virgo. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 4064 ± 24 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 195.5 ± 13.7 Mly (59.94 ± 4.21 Mpc). However, 20 non-redshift measurements give a distance of 172.01 ± 10.57 Mly (52.740 ± 3.241 Mpc). It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 13 April 1784. It was also observed by German astronomer Arnold Schwassmann on 30 October 1899 and listed in the Index Catalogue as IC 3113.

According to the SIMBAD database, NGC 4246 is a LINER galaxy, i.e. a galaxy whose nucleus has an emission spectrum characterized by broad lines of weakly ionized atoms.

NGC 4246 along with NGC 4235 and NGC 4247 are listed together as Holm 359 in Erik Holmberg's A Study of Double and Multiple Galaxies Together with Inquiries into some General Metagalactic Problems, published in 1937.

Virgo (constellation)
Virgo is one of the constellations of the zodiac. The name means "maiden" in Latin and its traditional astrological symbol is . Between Leo to the west and Libra to the east, lying in the south, it is the second-largest constellation in the sky (after Hydra) and the largest constellation in the zodiac. The ecliptic intersects the celestial equator within this constellation and Pisces. Underlying these technical two definitions, the sun passes directly overhead of the equator, within this constellation, at the September equinox. Virgo can be easily found through its brightest star, Spica, (in Latin "grain headed").
José María Pérez, Cuba
José María Pérez also known as  La Fe is a consejo popular (ward) and an urban settlement in Camajuaní, Cuba. Nearby settlements include Salamanca, Canada De Agua, Prudencia (or Chucho Prudencia), Fénix, Orovio, and Los Maestros. The settlement is known as Fe because of the sugar mill in it. The CAI José María Pérez sugar mill was formerly known as the Central Fe.

Consejo popular
In Cuba, a consejo popular (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkonsexo populaɾ]; lit. 'popular council'  or 'people's council'; sometimes shortened to CP) is an electoral ward or political-administrative demarcation of the National Assembly of People's Power of Cuba.

They were created in 1988. 474 wards had been created as of 2023, with them changing frequently. They function as subdivisions, under municipalities.

Under the wards are districts. All wards have at least 5 districts, with urban areas having more and rural areas having less.

Most rural wards include 1 major town or village (usually with a population of 700-3,000 at least) with a few hamlets, while urban areas (usually municipal seat) are usually split into wards, named for the city with a I, II and sometimes III, and IV and so forth appended. Sometimes when only two wards are present in a city, they are split into "Norte" (or north) and "Sur" (or south).
Megalomyrmex mondabora
Megalomyrmex mondabora is a Neotropical species of ants in the subfamily Myrmicinae. Known from Costa Rica. In Costa Rica this species occurs in wet forest habitats, typically in mature rainforest. Collections are from sea level to 800 m elevation on the Atlantic slope of the Cordillera Volcanica Central, Cordillera de Talamanca, and Cordillera de Guanacaste. It is a specialized nest parasite of attines and is found most often in nests of Cyphomyrmex cornutus. It cohabits with C. cornutus in their nests, feeding on both host brood and the host's fungal symbiont.

Myrmicinae
Myrmicinae is a subfamily of ants, with about 140 extant genera; their distribution is cosmopolitan. The pupae lack cocoons. Some species retain a functional sting. The petioles of Myrmicinae consist of two nodes. The nests are permanent and in soil, rotting wood, under stones, or in trees. All species of Cephalotes (within the tribe Attini) are gliding ants.