hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alem Marr
Alem Marr (June 18, 1787—March 29, 1843) was a Jacksonian member of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

Marr was born in Upper Mount Bethel Township, Pennsylvania. In 1795 he and his family relocated near Milton, Pennsylvania. He graduated from Princeton College in 1807, studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1813 and commenced practice in Danville, Pennsylvania.

Marr was elected as a Jacksonian to the Twenty-first Congress. He was not a candidate for renomination in 1830 and retired to his farm near Milton where he died; his remains were interred in Milton Cemetery.

Danville, Pennsylvania
Danville is a borough in and the county seat of Montour County, Pennsylvania, United States, along the North Branch of the Susquehanna River. The population was 4,221 at the 2020 census. Danville is part of the Bloomsburg-Berwick micropolitan area.

Danville is the home of Geisinger Medical Center, a trauma center employing over 10,000 people.
Jason Gray (poet)
Jason Gray is an American poet whose first book, Photographing Eden, was the winner of the 2008 Hollis Summers Poetry Prize. His second, Radiation King, won the Idaho Prize for Poetry from Lost Horse Press. Gray's poems have been published in The American Poetry Review, The Kenyon Review, Poetry, and other prominent literary journals. He serves as co-editor of the online journal poetry journal, Unsplendid, and was a 2009 Peter Taylor Fellow at the Kenyon Review Writers' Workshop.

His other awards and honors include a Walter Dakin Fellowship to the Sewanee Writers' Conference, an Individual Artist Award from the Maryland State Council for the Arts, and a fellowship from the Vermont Studio Center.

The Kenyon Review
The Kenyon Review is a literary magazine based in Gambier, Ohio, home of Kenyon College. The Review was founded in 1939 by John Crowe Ransom, critic and professor of English at Kenyon College, who served as its editor until 1959. The Review has published early works by generations of important writers, including Robert Penn Warren, Ford Madox Ford, Robert Lowell, Delmore Schwartz, Flannery O'Connor, and others.

The magazine's short stories have won more O. Henry Awards than any other nonprofit journal—42 in all. Many poems that first appeared in the quarterly have been reprinted in The Best American Poetry series, and the magazine is one of the most frequent sources for the series, where poems originally in The Kenyon Review have appeared in the editions for 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2006.
STARCO
STARCO is a Danish-run tire and wheel business. The company supply to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and distributors; and manufactures steel wheels and plastic rims and tires. The name "STARCO" is an acronym of "Scandinavian Tyre and Rim Company".

It was established in Aarhus, Denmark in 1962, and was owned and operated by Ejlersgaard family. In 2017 the STARCO Group was acquired by the tire manufacturer Kenda.

The company is headquartered in Brabrand, Aarhus, Denmark. The company produces solid tires, steel wheel rims, dual wheels, and flex barrow wheels.

Glossary of the American trucking industry
A specialized set of jargon describe the tools, equipment, and employment sectors used in the trucking industry in the United States. Some terms may be used within other English-speaking countries, or within the freight industry in general (air, rail, ship, and manufacturing). For example, shore power is a term borrowed from shipping terminology, in which electrical power is transferred from shore to ship, instead of the ship relying upon idling its engines. Drawing power from land lines is more efficient than engine idling and eliminates localized air pollution. Another borrowed term is "landing gear" (from the aviation industry), which refers to the legs which support the front end of a semi-trailer when it is not connected to a semi-truck. Some nicknames are obvious wordplay, such as "portable parking lot", in reference to a truck that carries automobiles.
2008 British Formula 3 International Series
The 2008 Formula 3 International Series was the 58th British Formula 3 International Series season. It began on 24 March 2008 at Oulton Park's Easter Monday meeting and ended on 12 October at Donington Park after 22 rounds in four countries. Jay Bridger sealed the National Class championship at the Bucharest meeting, with a third place in round nineteen. The overall championship went down to the final meeting as Oliver Turvey, Jaime Alguersuari, Brendon Hartley and Sergio Pérez all had a chance of winning the title, however it was Alguersuari that won the title, thanks to a double win at Donington.

Bucharest Ring
The Bucharest Ring (Romanian: Bucharestring) was a street circuit in the Romanian capital city of Bucharest and was initiated by City Challenge GmbH.

Designed by famed track designer Hermann Tilke, the circuit was in the city centre, and has the Palace of the Parliament in its infield.

The circuit held two FIA GT meetings in 2007 and 2008, but the 2009 event was cancelled due to financial reasons and the series never returned to the circuit. It was announced in September 2010 that the circuit would host a round of the Auto GP championship in July 2011, with the event being known as the Bucharest GP. However, this event was cancelled too.
The Squirrel
"The Squirrel" is a jazz standard composed by Tadd Dameron. The song has been recorded by several notable artists including Miles Davis, who first recorded the song in 1951 (released in 2004 on the CD Birdland 1951). Davis also recorded a studio version of the song which has been released on various compilation albums.

Other artists who have recorded "The Squirrel" include Chet Baker, Ray Barretto, Art Blakey, Kenny Clarke, Dameronia, Lou Donaldson, Lord Jamar, Dexter Gordon, Wardell Gray, Lars Gullin, Scott Hamilton, Hampton Hawes, Jutta Hipp, Andy LaVerne, Fats Navarro, Hod O'Brien, Charlie Parker, Zoot Sims, and Martial Solal.

Birdland 1951
Birdland 1951 is a live album by American jazz musician Miles Davis, released on January 27, 2004, by Blue Note Records and recorded from February 17, 1951, through September 29, 1951, in Birdland, from radio broadcasts. Three different broadcasts were chosen: two comprising six cuts in total were from June and September and have been issued in various forms on bootlegs over the decades. Four cuts were taken from a broadcast on February 17, which have never been available in any form.
Qu Xiao-Song
Qu Xiao-Song (瞿小松; surname Qu, b. Guiyang, Guizhou province, southwest China, September 6, 1952) is a Chinese composer of contemporary classical music.

He is a 1983 graduate of the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing, where he studied composition with Du Mingxin.  In 1989 he was invited by the Center for US-China Arts Exchange of Columbia University in New York City to be a visiting scholar, and he continues to live in New York City.

He has received commissions from the Holland Festival, American Composers Forum, Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra, and Boston Musica Viva.  
His operas Oedipus and The Death of Oedipus were premiered in 1993 and 1994 respectively, in Stockholm and Amsterdam. His chamber opera The Test (2004) was commissioned by the Munich Biennale and Contemporary Opera Berlin, and performed in both cities in May 2004.

His name is sometimes also written Qu Xiaosong.

Southwestern China
Southwestern China (Chinese: 西南; pinyin: Xīnán) is a region in the People's Republic of China. It consists of five provincial administrative regions, namely Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, and Tibet.
Lagavulin distillery
Lagavulin distillery is an Islay single malt Scotch whisky distillery located in the village of Lagavulin on the south of the island of Islay, Scotland.

Lagavulin is owned by Diageo, a multinational beverage alcohol company headquartered in London. It was previously marketed under the Classic Malts range of single malts, which is now defunct.

The standard bottling is a 16-year-old, bottled at 43% ABV. They also bottle a Distiller's edition, finished in Pedro Ximénez Sherry casks. Alongside these, they regularly release a 12-year-old cask strength version and various older and rarer expressions.

The name Lagavulin is an anglicisation of Lag a' Mhuilinn, the Scottish Gaelic for hollow of the mill.

Cask strength
Cask strength (also known as barrel proof/barrel strength) is a term used by whisky (spelt "whiskey" in Ireland and the United States) and rum producers to describe a whisky or rum that has not been substantially diluted after its storage in a cask for maturation. The level of alcohol-by-volume (ABV) strength for a cask strength whisky or rum is typically in the range of 52–66% ABV.

Most bottled whisky and rum is diluted with water to reduce its strength (i.e., ABV level) to a level that makes it less expensive to produce and more palatable to most consumers – usually 40% ABV, which is the legal minimum to still be classified as whisky/rum in most countries, including the United States, United Kingdom, and all EU member states (although this can be as low as 37% in Australia or as high as 43% in South Africa). The degree of dilution significantly affects the flavour and general drinking experience of the whisky or rum.
Polycoccum anatolicum
Polycoccum anatolicum is a species of lichenicolous fungus in the family Polycoccaceae. The fungus causes mild bleaching on infected parts of the surface of the host. It is the only species of Polycoccum known to infect Lepraria.

Amyloid (mycology)
In mycology a tissue or feature is said to be amyloid if it has a positive amyloid reaction when subjected to a crude chemical test using iodine as an ingredient of either Melzer's reagent or Lugol's solution, producing a blue to blue-black staining. The term "amyloid" is derived from the Latin amyloideus ("starch-like"). It refers to the fact that starch gives a similar reaction, also called an amyloid reaction. The test can be on microscopic features, such as spore walls or hyphal walls, or the apical apparatus or entire ascus wall of an ascus, or be a macroscopic reaction on tissue where a drop of the reagent is applied. Negative reactions, called inamyloid or nonamyloid, are for structures that remain pale yellow-brown or clear. A reaction producing a deep reddish to reddish-brown staining is either termed a dextrinoid reaction (pseudoamyloid is a synonym) or a hemiamyloid reaction.
Lord
Lord is an appellation for a person or deity who has authority, control, or power over others, acting as a master, chief, or ruler. The appellation can also denote certain persons who hold a title of the peerage in the United Kingdom, or are entitled to courtesy titles. The collective "Lords" can refer to a group or body of peers.

Power (social and political)
In political science, power is the ability to influence or direct the actions, beliefs, or conduct of actors. Power does not exclusively refer to the threat or use of force (coercion) by one actor against another, but may also be exerted through diffuse means (such as institutions).

Power may also take structural forms, as it orders actors in relation to one another (such as distinguishing between a master and an enslaved person, a householder and their relatives, an employer and their employees, a parent and a child, a political representative and their voters, etc.), and discursive forms, as categories and language may lend legitimacy to some behaviors and groups over others. The term authority is often used for power that is perceived as legitimate or socially approved by the social structure. Scholars have distinguished between soft power and hard power.
Reserve Infantry Division of Yanbian
The Reserve Infantry Division of Yanbian(Chinese: 延边陆军预备役步兵师) was a reserve infantry formation of the People's Liberation Army active between 1983 and 1998.

The division, then named as the Reserve Division of Yanbian(Chinese: 延边陆军预备役师) was activated in July 1983 in Yanbian, Jilin. The division was then composed of:

1st Regiment - Tumen

2nd Regiment - Helong

3rd Regiment

Artillery Regiment - Longjing

As of its activation, the division had 13,361 personnel.

The division was redesignated as the Reserve Garrison Division of Yanbian(Chinese: 延边陆军预备役守备师) in 1985, and was further redesignated as the Reserve Infantry Division of Yanbian in 1991.

In August 1998, the division merged with the 47th Infantry Division as the 47th Reserve Infantry Division of Jilin Provincial Military District.

Helong
Helong (simplified Chinese: 和龙; traditional Chinese: 和龍; pinyin: Hélóng; Chosŏn'gŭl: 화룡; Hangul: 허룽) is a county-level city in southeastern Jilin province, Northeast China. It is under the administration of the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture. In January 2024, several thousand North Korean migrant workers in the city initiated a series of protests over withheld payments.
Emmanuel Carvallo
Emmanuel Carvallo (1856–1945) was a French mathematician born in Narbonne. He is notable for showing in 1897 that bicycles could be self-stable, for opposing wave models of X-rays in 1900, and for claiming in 1912 that Einstein's Theory of Relativity had been proven false.

Narbonne
Narbonne (/nɑːrˈbɒn/ nar-BON, US also /-ˈbɔːn, -ˈbʌn/ -⁠BAWN, -⁠BUN, French: [naʁbɔn] ⓘ; Occitan: Narbona [naɾˈβunɔ]; Latin: Narbo [ˈna(ː)rboː]; Late Latin: Narbona) is a commune and subprefecture in Southern France, located in the Occitanie region. It is located about 15 km (9 mi) from the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and was historically a prosperous port city. Narbonne lies 849 km (528 mi) from Paris in the Aude department, of which it is an arrondissement. From the 14th century onwards, it declined following a change in the course of the river Aude. While it is the largest commune in Aude, the capital of the Aude department is the smaller commune of Carcassonne.
Son of Sinbad
Son of Sinbad is a 1955 American adventure film directed by Ted Tetzlaff. It takes place in the Middle East and consists of a wide variety of characters, including over 127 women.

The film was shot in 1953 and planned to be released in 3D. Because of difficulties with the Motion Picture Production Code, studio head Howard Hughes shelved the film until 1955, when it was converted to the Tushinsky SuperScope process, in 2-D (flat).  It is Vincent Price's fourth and final 3-D film.

Dale Robertson (as Sinbad) co-stars with Sally Forrest and Price, as well as Lili St. Cyr, a well-known stripteaser of the 1950s.

Joseph Tushinsky
Joseph Tushinsky (1910 in New York City – 1988 in Encino, California) was an American electronics industry pioneer, inventor and musician who co-founded Sony/Superscope Inc. in 1954. He is considered to be "The Father of Stereo". In 1964 Superscope Inc. purchased the Marantz Co., the Audio Electronics mfg. founded by Saul Marantz.
Nara Station
Nara Station (奈良駅, Nara-eki) is a railway station located in Nara, Japan. Operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West), it is the main stop in the city of Nara on the Kansai Main Line (Yamatoji Line), the terminus for the Sakurai Line (Man-yō Mahoroba Line), and Nara Line trains for Kyoto begin here and run on the Kansai Line to Kizu before diverging. Also, a limited number of Gakkentoshi Line trains terminate here via Kizu during early mornings and late nights.

Yamatoji Line trains from Ōsaka and JR Namba continue past here to Kamo.

JR Namba Station
JR Namba Station (JR難波駅, Jeiāru-Nanba-eki) is a railway station in Namba, Naniwa Ward, Osaka, Japan, adjacent to Namba Station (Nankai Railway, Osaka Subway) and Ōsaka Namba Station (Kintetsu, Hanshin Railway) operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West).

JR Namba is the western terminus of the Kansai Main Line (Yamatoji Line).
Opetope
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, an opetope, a portmanteau of "operation" and "polytope", is a shape that captures higher-dimensional substitutions. It was introduced by John C. Baez and James Dolan so that they could define a weak n-category as a certain presheaf on the category of opetopes.

Presheaf (category theory)
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a presheaf on a category  is a functor . If  is the poset of open sets in a topological space, interpreted as a category, then one recovers the usual notion of presheaf on a topological space.

A morphism of presheaves is defined to be a natural transformation of functors.  This makes the collection of all presheaves on  into a category, and is an example of a functor category. It is often written as  and it  is called the category of presheaves on .  A functor into  is sometimes called a profunctor.

A presheaf that is naturally isomorphic to the contravariant hom-functor Hom(–, A) for some object A of C is called a representable presheaf.

Some authors refer to a functor  as a -valued presheaf.
Otto Staudinger
Otto Staudinger (2 May 1830 – 13 October 1900) was a German entomologist and a natural history dealer considered one of the largest in the world specialising in the collection and sale of insects to museums, scientific institutions, and individuals.

Sesiidae
The Sesiidae or clearwing moths are a diurnal moth family in the order Lepidoptera known for their Batesian mimicry in both appearance and behaviour of various Hymenoptera.

The family consists of 165 genera spread over two subfamilies, containing in total 1525 species and 49 subspecies, most of which occur in the tropics, though there are many species in the Holarctic region as well, including over a hundred species known to occur in Europe.: Backcover, 6
Yuka Ebihara
Yuka Ebihara (Japanese: 海老原由佳, Ebihara Yuka; born 22 October 1986 in Tokyo, Japan) is a Japanese ballet dancer. Since September 2011, she has been engaged with Warsaw's Teatr Wielki. Since September 2013, she became a first soloist, and since January 2020 she is a principal dancer of the Polish National Ballet. She ended her stage career on December 22, 2024, saying goodbye to the Warsaw audience in the role of Marguerite Gautier in John Neumeier's The Lady of the Camellias.

Concerto Barocco
Concerto Barocco is a neoclassical ballet choreographed by George Balanchine to Bach's Concerto for Two Violins. Danced by a cast of eleven, the ballet is completely plotless, and according to Balanchine, "has no "subject matter" beyond the score which it is danced and the particular dancers who execute it". The ballet was made for the American Ballet Caravan's 1941 South American tour, and premiered on June 27, 1941, at Teatro Municipal, Rio de Janeiro. The ballet has entered the repertories of many ballet companies, including Balanchine's New York City Ballet.
Winifred Jordan
Winifred Sadie Jordan (née Jeffrey; 15 March 1920 – 13 April 2019) was an English athlete who competed at the 1938 British Empire Games, 1946 European Athletics Championships, and 1948 Summer Olympics.

1946 European Athletics Championships
The 3rd European Athletics Championships were held from 22 August to 25 August 1946 in the Bislett Stadion in Oslo, Norway. For the first time it was a combined event for men and women, and for the first time a city in Scandinavia hosted the championships.  Contemporaneous reports on the event were given in the Glasgow Herald.

Two of the women's medalists from France underwent sex change later.  Claire Brésolles became Pierre Brésolles, and Léa Caurla became Léon Caurla.
2020 Catalan motorcycle Grand Prix
The 2020 Catalan motorcycle Grand Prix (officially known as the Gran Premi Monster Energy de Catalunya) was the ninth round of the 2020 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season and the eighth round of the 2020 MotoGP World Championship. It was held at the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya in Montmeló on 27 September 2020.

Montmeló
Montmeló (Catalan pronunciation: [ˌmomːəˈlo]) is a municipality in the comarca of Vallès Oriental, within the Barcelona metropolitan area, in Catalonia, Spain. It contains the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya, which is the home of the Formula One Barcelona-Catalunya Grand Prix, and was the home of the Spanish Grand Prix until 2025, and the home of MotoGP Catalan Grand Prix.
Farid Baghlani
Farid Baghlani (1968 – 13 November 2010), known as The Cyclist Killer, was an Iranian serial killer who killed 15 women and girls, as well as one boy, in the cities of Abadan and Khorramshahr between 2004 and 2008. Claiming that he had done it out of a hatred towards women, he was sentenced to death and subsequently executed for his crimes in 2010.

Khorramshahr
Khorramshahr (Persian: خرمشهر; [xoræmˈʃæhɾ]) is a city in the Central District of Khorramshahr County, Khuzestan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. It is also known in Arabic by the local ethnically Arab population as Al-Muhammarah (Arabic: المحمرة).

Khorramshahr is an inland port city located approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of Abadan. The city extends to the right bank of the Shatt Al Arab waterway near its confluence with the Haffar arm of the Karun river. The city was destroyed in the Iran–Iraq War, with the 1986 census recording a population of zero. Khorramshahr was rebuilt after the war, and more recent censuses show that the population has returned to the pre-war level.
Density matrix renormalization group
The density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) is a numerical variational technique devised to obtain the low-energy physics of quantum many-body systems with high accuracy. The DMRG algorithm attempts to find the lowest-energy matrix product state wavefunction of a Hamiltonian. It was invented in 1992 by Steven R. White and it is nowadays the most efficient method for 1-dimensional systems.

Iteration
Iteration means repeating a process to generate a (possibly unbounded) sequence of outcomes. Each repetition of the process is a single iteration, and the outcome of each iteration is the starting point of the next iteration.

In mathematics and computer science, iteration (along with the related technique of recursion) is a standard element of algorithms.
Henglin railway station
Henglin railway station is a reserved railway station of Shanghai–Nanjing intercity railway located in Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.

It was a station of Beijing–Shanghai railway that was opened in 1906, and closed in 2009.

Beijing–Shanghai railway
The Beijing–Shanghai railway or Jinghu railway (simplified Chinese: 京沪铁路; traditional Chinese: 京滬鐵路; pinyin: Jīnghù tiělù) is a railway line between Beijing and Shanghai.

The line has a total length of 1,462 km (908 mi) and connects the municipalities of Beijing, Tianjin, and Shanghai, as well as the provinces of Hebei, Shandong, Anhui and Jiangsu.  It is commonly referred to as the Jinghu railway, taking on the abbreviated names of the two terminal cities.  In Chinese, Jing means "capital" and refers to Beijing, and Hu is the abbreviated name for Shanghai.
Henrique Córdova
Henrique Córdova (21 December 1938 – 15 November 2020) was a Brazilian politician. He served as Governor of Santa Catarina from 1982 to 1983. He also served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies 1986 to 1991 and 1975 to 1979, as well as the Legislative Assembly of Santa Catarina from 1967 to 1975.

Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)
The Chamber of Deputies (Portuguese: Câmara dos Deputados) is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the chamber is the Deputy Hugo Motta (Republicanos-PB), who was elected on 1 February 2025.