hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bommen
Bommen is a village in the canton of Thurgau, Switzerland. It was first recorded in year 1348 as Boumen. Bommer Weiher is located north of the village.

Bommen is located in the former municipality Alterswilen. In 1996 Alterswilen municipality merged with its neighbor to form a new and larger municipality Kemmental.

Kemmental
Kemmental is a municipality in the district of Kreuzlingen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

The municipality was formed on 1 January 1996 through the merger of Alterswilen, Hugelshofen, Altishausen, Dotnacht, Ellighausen, Lippoldswilen, Neuwilen and Siegershausen.
Catherine Naglestad
Catherine Naglestad (born 7 November 1965) is an American soprano performing in Europe and internationally. She grew up in the San Francisco Bay Area. In 2006, she was named Singer of the Year by Opernwelt in Germany for her portrayal of Norma, Alceste, and Elisabetta.

Norma (opera)
Norma (Italian: [ˈnɔrma]) is a tragedia lirica or opera in two acts by Vincenzo Bellini with libretto by Felice Romani after the play Norma, ou L'infanticide (Norma, or The Infanticide) by Alexandre Soumet. It was first produced at La Scala in Milan on 26 December 1831.

The opera is regarded as a leading example of the bel canto genre, and the soprano prayer "Casta diva" in Act 1 is a famous piece. Among the well known singers of Norma of the first half of the 20th century was Rosa Ponselle who played the role in New York and London. Notable exponents of the title role in the post-war period have been Maria Callas, Leyla Gencer, Joan Sutherland, and Montserrat Caballé.
Alliance for Lobbying Transparency
The Alliance for Lobbying Transparency is a UK-based organisation formed in September 2007 and formally launched in January 2008  and concerned with the influence of lobbying on government decision-making.

The Alliance is also campaigning for a mandatory lobbyists register, while the UK Public Affairs Council is a lobby industry body supporting self-regulation. The UKPAC published its first register in March 2011 and the Alliance was immediately critical, saying an estimated 85-90% of lobbyists were shunning it, and highlighting condemnation by Austin Mitchell MP and others.

Austin Mitchell
Austin Vernon Mitchell ONZM (19 September 1934 – 18 August 2021) was a British academic, journalist and Labour Party politician who was the member of Parliament (MP) for Great Grimsby from a 1977 by-election to 2015. He was also the chair of the Labour Euro-Safeguards Campaign. Before becoming an MP in the United Kingdom, Austin Mitchell was a well known television broadcaster in New Zealand.
Battle of Paraitakene
The Battle of Paraitakene (also called Paraetacene; Greek: Παραιτακηνή) was fought in 317 BC, during the second of the succession wars that were fought after the death Alexander the Great; the so called Wars of the Diadochi. In Paraitakene, a district of Persis, the armies of Antigonus Monophthalmus and Eumenes the Cardian engaged in a long and bloody battle that ended indecisively; since Antigonus suffered the most casualties the battle is seen as a victory for Eumenes. Both armies withdrew after the battle; Antigonus towards his ally Peithon's satrapy of Media, Eumenes towards Gabiene.

Satrap
A satrap (/ˈsætrəp/) was a governor of the provinces of the ancient Median and Persian (Achaemenid) Empires and in several of their successors, such as in the Sasanian Empire and the Hellenistic empires. A satrapy is the territory governed by a satrap.

A satrap served as a viceroy to the king, though with considerable autonomy. The word came to suggest tyranny or ostentatious splendour, and its modern usage is a pejorative and refers to any subordinate or local ruler, usually with unfavourable connotations of corruption.
Objectif Mars
Objectif Mars is a steel multi-launched spinning coaster located at Futuroscope in Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, France. The coaster combines elements of a dark ride and educational technology in order to simulate a daring training session and mission to Mars. It can accommodate children as young as 5–6 years old, provided that they meet the 1.1-metre (43 in) height requirement. Following an April 2023 incident in which part of the train combusted into flames, the spinning cars function was removed from the coaster. As of August 2025, the spinning cars have returned.

Educational technology
Educational technology (commonly abbreviated as edutech or edtech) refers to the use of computer hardware, software, and educational theory and practice to facilitate learning and teaching. When referred to with its abbreviation, "EdTech", it often refers to the industry of companies that create educational technology. Scholars such as Tanner Mirrlees and Shahid Alvi (2019) have described the edtech industry as consisting largely of privately owned companies involved in producing and distributing educational technologies for commercial purposes.

In addition to the practical educational experience, educational technology is based on theoretical knowledge from various disciplines such as communication, education, psychology, sociology, artificial intelligence, and computer science. It encompasses several domains, including learning theory, computer-based training, online learning, and mobile learning (m-learning).
Virgile Naz
Sir Virgile Naz (1825-1901) was a Mauritian lawyer, businessman and politician who was elected in British Mauritius to the Council of the Government of Mauritius, the predecessor of modern-day National Assembly or Parliament.

British Mauritius
20°12′S 57°30′E﻿ / ﻿20.2°S 57.5°E﻿ / -20.2; 57.5

Mauritius was a Crown colony off the southeast coast of Africa. Formerly part of the French colonial empire, British rule in Mauritius was established de facto with the invasion of Isle de France in November 1810, and de jure by the subsequent Treaty of Paris. British rule ended on 12 March 1968, when Mauritius became an independent country.
Valdaysky National Park
Valdaysky National Park (Russian: Валдайский национальный парк, romanized: Valdayskiy natsional'nyy park) is a national park in the north of Russia, in the Valdaysky, Okulovsky, and Demyansky Districts of Novgorod Oblast. It was established May 17, 1990. It has been a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve since 2004. The park, which includes the town of Valday, Lake Valdayskoye, and the northern part of Lake Seliger, is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Central Russia and has well-developed tourist infrastructure.

Man and the Biosphere Programme
The Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB) is an intergovernmental scientific program, launched in 1970 by UNESCO, that aims to establish a scientific basis for the 'improvement of relationships' between people and their environments.

MAB engages with the international development agenda, especially the Sustainable Development Goals and the Post 2015 Development Agenda. The MAB programme provides a platform for cooperation in research and development. As of July 2024, 759 sites across 136 countries, including 22 transboundary sites, have been included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves.  The reserves cover more than 5% of the world’s surface and are home to over 260 million people.
Vice Presidential House
The Vice Presidential House it is the official residence of the vice president of Colombia. Located in the La Candelaria area of Bogotá, D.C., it is sometimes informally known as the Casa de la Vicepresidencia. The house was built in 1999 to provide the Vice President with an official residence. Vice President Gustavo Bell was the first to live there, after Congress determined that it would be easier and cheaper to provide security at a government residence and authorized its construction in 1999, making it the first official residence of the Vice President.

Although the official residence of the Vice President, the Vice Presidential House, was made available to him in 1999, all vice presidents have resided there. In 2023, Vice President Francia Márquez used it primarily for official receptions, as she had a secure residence in Dapa, Cauca Valley.

Dapa, Valle del Cauca
Dapa is a small village and area of weekend homes in the Valle del Cauca Department of west central Colombia.  It is located in the mountains about 15 kilometers (9 miles) northwest of the city of Cali.  It is a township within the Municipality of Yumbo.
Miguel Corrêa
Miguel Corrêa da Silva Júnior (born 11 June 1978) is a Brazilian politician. From 2007 to 2019, he was a member of the Chamber of Deputies. In the 2018 general election, he was a candidate for the Federal Senate.

Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)
The Chamber of Deputies (Portuguese: Câmara dos Deputados) is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the chamber is the Deputy Hugo Motta (Republicanos-PB), who was elected on 1 February 2025.
HMS Acasta
Three ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Acasta, whilst another two were planned:

HMS Acasta (1797) was a 40-gun fifth rate frigate launched in 1797 and broken up in 1821.

HMS Acasta was to have been a wooden screw frigate. She was laid down in 1861 but was cancelled in 1863.

HMS Acasta (1912) was an Acasta-class destroyer launched in 1912 and sold for scrap in 1921.

HMS Acasta (H09) was an A-class destroyer launched in 1929. She was sunk in 1940 by the German battleships Scharnhorst and Gneisenau.

HMS Acasta (P452) was to have been an Amphion-class submarine, but was cancelled in 1945.

Fifth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a fifth-rate was the second-smallest class of warships in a hierarchical system of six "ratings" based on size and firepower.
Mending Fences (song)
"Mending Fences" is a song written by Jim Robinson and Andy Byrd, and recorded by American country music group Restless Heart. It was released in January 1993 as the second single from the album Big Iron Horses.  The song reached number 13 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart and peaked at number 3 on the Canadian RPM Country Tracks chart. Bassist Paul Gregg sings lead vocals on this song.

Big Iron Horses
Big Iron Horses is the fifth studio album by American country music group Restless Heart. It was released by RCA Nashville in 1992. "When She Cries," "Mending Fences," "We Got the Love" and the title track were released as singles. The album reached #26 on the Top Country Albums chart and has been certified Gold by the RIAA. This is also the band's first album not to feature lead vocalist Larry Stewart, who departed in 1991. Conversely, drummer John Dittrich, keyboardist Dave Innis, and bassist Paul Gregg alternate as lead vocalists on this album.
Charles Tobin
Charles Stuart Tobin (November 24, 1885 – May 30, 1924) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player. Tobin played 175 games in various professional and amateur leagues, including the Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHA). Amongst the PCHA teams he played for were the New Westminster Royals, Portland Rosebuds, Seattle Metropolitans, Vancouver Millionaires and Victoria Cougars.

Portland Rosebuds (ice hockey)
Portland Rosebuds was the name of two professional men's ice hockey teams in Portland, Oregon. Both teams played their home games at the Portland Ice Arena. The first Rosebuds are notable for being the first American-based team to be allowed to compete for the Stanley Cup. The second Rosebuds are notable in that their roster was used to build the NHL expansion Chicago Blackhawks.
Pencil suit
A pencil suit is a variety of salwar kameez. The suit follows the principles of a pencil skirt and merges it with the traditional salwar kameez.

While salwars are loosely fitted pants, pencil suits have tightly fitted pants that follow the contours of the lady's leg. It differs from the churidar only in the lack of the ruches or the “churis” near the ankle. The kameez is of thigh length and has a side seam left open below the waist-line. This attire is often marched with a dupatta of matching or contrasting color.

As with most designer suits, a pencil suit is also embellished with beads, mirror work, zardozi or zari work. Simple and plain variants of the suit are also available for daily wear.

Pencil skirt
A pencil skirt is a slim-fitting skirt with a straight, narrow cut. Generally the hem falls to, or is just below, the knee and is tailored for a close fit. It is named for its shape: long and slim like a pencil.
Dag Gundersen
Dag Gundersen (15 January 1928 – 2 February 2016) was a Norwegian linguist and lexicographer, dictionary editor and professor. Born in Ringsaker Municipality, he was a professor at the University of Oslo from 1985 to 1997 and was the editor of several dictionaries of the Norwegian language. He was a member of the Norwegian Language Council from 1990 to 2000, and since 1993 a member of Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.

Language Council of Norway
The Language Council of Norway (Norwegian: Språkrådet, Urban East Norwegian: [ˈsprôːkròːdə́]) is the administrative body of the Norwegian state on language issues. It regulates the two written forms of the Norwegian language: Bokmål and Nynorsk. It was established in 2005 and replaced the Norwegian Language Council (Norsk språkråd, Urban East Norwegian: [ˈnɔʂk ˈsprôːkrǒːd]) which existed from 1974 to 2005.  It is a subsidiary agency of the Ministry of Culture and has forty-four employees (as per 2023). It is one of two organisations involved in language standardization in Norway, alongside the Norwegian Academy.
Lan Xichun
Lan Xichun (simplified Chinese: 兰锡纯; traditional Chinese: 蘭錫純; 1907–1995) was a surgeon of general surgery and cardio-thoracic surgery. He did the first splenic-renal vein anastomotic operation in China. He improved the operation of cholelithiasis and laid the foundation of hepatobiliary surgery in China. He is also one of the pioneers of cardiovascular surgery. He did the first mitral commissurotomy operation in China. He was also engaged in medical education and brought up a lot of new surgeons. He served as President of Renji Hospital and Shanghai Second Medical College.

General surgery
General surgery is a surgical specialty that focuses on alimentary canal and abdominal contents including the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, appendix and bile ducts, and often the thyroid gland. General surgeons also deal with diseases involving the skin, breast, soft tissue, trauma, peripheral artery disease and hernias and perform endoscopic as such as gastroscopy, colonoscopy and laparoscopic procedures.
Eddie "Piolín" Sotelo
Eddie "Piolín" Sotelo (born December 1, 1972) is a Mexican radio broadcaster. He is the host of the nationally syndicated radio show El Show De Piolín on Entravision. His nickname means "Tweety" in Mexican Spanish, a nickname he acquired as a child. Fans of his and his cast also call him "papuchón", which means "big daddy".

Entravision Communications
Entravision Communications Corporation is an American media company based in Santa Monica, California. Entravision primarily caters to the Spanish-speaking Hispanic and Latino community and owns television and radio stations and outdoor media, in several of the top Hispanic and Latino markets. It is the largest affiliate group of the Univision and UniMás television networks. Entravision also owns a small number of English-language television and radio stations.
Discospermum philippinensis
Discospermum philippinensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. The species was described in 2015, and was found on Mt. Banahaw, Tayabas, Quezon Province, Philippines at an elevation of 623 m. This species closely resemble that of D. whitfordii because of its persistent calyx, and prominent disk below the fruit apex. However, the species differs from D. whitfordii due to leaf blades with a much larger dimensions, the leaf apex of which are acute to attenuate, the fruits of which are faintly ribbed, with the thin mesocarp that are smaller, and fewer seeds per locule.

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
R. Senthilkumar
R. Senthilkumar (born 1981) is an Indian politician from Puducherry. He is a member of the Puducherry Legislative Assembly from Bahour Assembly constituency in Puducherry district. He won the 2021 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election representing the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam.

Puducherry district
Puducherry district, also known by its former name Pondicherry district, is one of the four districts of the union territory of Puducherry in South India. The district occupies an area of 290 square kilometres (110 sq mi), spread over 12 non-contiguous enclaves lying on or near the Bay of Bengal within a compact area in the state of Tamil Nadu. According to the 2011 census, the district has a population of 950,289.
Raja Nasir Abbas Jafri
Raja Nasir Abbas Jafri (Urdu: راجہ ناصر عباس جعفری) is a Pakistani politician and member of the Senate of Pakistan from Punjab, Pakistan. He is a Shia Muslim cleric and Chairman of Muslimeen Pakistan. He is serving as the Leader of the opposition in the Senate of Pakistan nominated by Imran Khan, the Former Prime Minister of Pakistan since 19 January 2026.

Leader of the Opposition
The Leader of the Opposition is a title traditionally held by the leader of the largest political party not in government, typical in countries utilizing the parliamentary system form of government. The leader of the opposition is typically seen as an alternative prime minister (or other similar office, such as premier, minister-president, first minister, or chief minister) to the incumbent; in the Westminster system, they head a rival alternative government known as the shadow cabinet or opposition front bench. The same term is also used to refer to the leader of the largest political party that is not in government in subnational state, provincial, and other regional and local legislatures.

The full title for the Leader of the Opposition is the Leader of His Majesty's Most Loyal Opposition in the United Kingdom and in many Commonwealth realms.
Puma Wachana
Puma Wachana (Quechua puma cougar, puma, wacha birth, to give birth, -na a suffix, "where the cougar is born", Hispanicized spelling Puma Huachana) is a mountain in Peru, about 5,000 metres (16,404 ft) high. It is located  in the Puno Region, Putina Province, in the west of the Ananea District.

Department of Puno
Puno (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpuno]; Aymara and Quechua: Punu) is a department of Peru. Located in the country's southeast, it is the fifth largest department in Peru, after Cuzco, Madre de Dios, Ucayali, and Loreto. It is bordered by Bolivia to the east, the departments of Madre de Dios to the north, Cusco and Arequipa to the west, Moquegua to the southwest, and Tacna to the south. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is the city of Puno, which is located on Lake Titicaca in the geographical region known as the Altiplano or high sierra.
Vermont Route 244
Vermont Route 244 (VT 244) is a state highway located within Orange County, Vermont, United States. The route runs from VT 113 in Thetford to U.S. Route 5 (US 5) in Fairlee. The highway is 5.640 miles (9.077 km) long and provides access to the Post Mills Airport from Interstate 91 (I-91) and US 5. VT 244 passes through the towns of Thetford, West Fairlee, and Fairlee, as well as the village of Post Mills.

Thetford, Vermont
Thetford is a town in Orange County, Vermont, United States in the Connecticut River Valley. The population was 2,775 at the 2020 census. Villages within the town include East Thetford, North Thetford, Thetford Hill, Thetford Center, Rices Mills, Union Village, and Post Mills. The town office is in Thetford Center.

Thetford is home to Thetford Academy, Vermont's oldest secondary school. Girl Scouts of the Green and White Mountains, formerly Swift Water Girl Scout Council, also has a summer residential camp here called Camp Farnsworth. Camp Farnsworth originally started under private ownership by Chelebe and Madama Farnsworth in 1909 when it was called Camp Hanoum.
Kummi Paattu
Kummi Paattu is a 1999 Indian Tamil-language drama film written and directed by Kasthuri Raja. The film stars Prabhu and Devayani, with Sivakumar, Radhika and Urvashi in pivotal roles. It was released on 7 June 1999.

Radhika Sarathkumar
Radikaa Sarathkumar (/rɑːðɪkɑː/) is an Indian actress, film producer, film director and politician who works predominantly in Tamil and Telugu cinema, TV serials and web series as well as in Hindi, Malayalam and Kannada films. She is a recipient of a National Film Award, two Nandi Awards, three Tamil Nadu State Film Awards and six Filmfare Award South.
Jim Kemp (Australian rules footballer)
Jim Kemp (2 January 1947 − 23 November 2023) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Fitzroy in the Victorian Football League (VFL). Before debuting in the senior side, he played in Fitzroy's under-19s and reserves teams.

After leaving Fitzroy, Kemp kicked 98 goals in 32 games for Yarraville in the Victorian Football Association from 1968 until 1970. He was a lifetime member of Fitzroy.

AFL under-19s
The AFL under-19s was an Australian rules football competition that operated as a junior competition to the Australian Football League (AFL) from 1946 until the end of 1991.

Prior to 1990, it was known as the VFL thirds or VFL under-19s.
Harri Anne Smith
Harri Anne Smith (born January 20, 1962) is a former independent member of the Alabama Senate, representing the 29th District from 1998 to 2018. She has been elected to five terms in the state senate and is also a former mayor of her hometown of Slocomb, in the Wiregrass Region.

Slocomb, Alabama
Slocomb is a city in Geneva County, Alabama, United States. It is part of the Dothan, Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area. At the 2020 census, the population was 2,082.  The community is named after postmaster Frank W. Slocomb.

Slocomb incorporated in 1901. Slocomb calls itself the "home of the tomato." Slocomb High School mascot is the "Redtop".