hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dubawnt Lake
Dubawnt Lake is a lake in the Kivalliq Region, Nunavut, Canada. It is 3,630 km2 (1,400 sq mi) in size and has several islands. It is about 320 km (200 mi) north of the Four Corners, about 480 km (300 mi) west of Hudson Bay and about 400 km (250 mi) south of the Arctic Circle. To the northwest is the Thelon Wildlife Sanctuary. Its main inlet and outlet is the north-flowing Dubawnt River which joins the Thelon River at Beverly Lake. The Thelon flows east to Hudson Bay at Chesterfield Inlet. It is on the line of contact between the Sayisi Dene band of Eastern Caribou-Eater Chipewyan people and the Harvaqtuurmiut and Ihalmiut bands of Caribou Inuit. The first recorded European to reach the lake was Samuel Hearne in 1770, but it remained largely unknown to outsiders until it was explored by Joseph Tyrrell in 1893. There are no permanent settlements but there are fly-in fish camps where large lake trout can be caught during the two month  ice-free season.

Sayisi Dene
The Sayisi Dene ('People under the Sun' or 'People of the East', Chipewyan: ᓴᔨᓯ ᑌᓀ, Sayisi Dene) are Dene Suline peoples, a Dene group, living in northern Manitoba. They are members of the Sayisi Dene First Nation (formerly known as Churchill Indian Band), located at Tadoule Lake (58°42′43″N 98°28′50″W﻿ / ﻿58.71194°N 98.48056°W﻿ / 58.71194; -98.48056), and are notable for living a nomadic caribou-hunting and gathering existence. They are the most eastern of all the Dene peoples.

In 1956, the Sayisi Dene residing at Little Duck Lake (59°24′46.09″N 97°44′1.2″W﻿ / ﻿59.4128028°N 97.733667°W﻿ / 59.4128028; -97.733667) in northern Manitoba were relocated to Churchill. The relocation of the Sayisi Dene is viewed as one of the most grievous errors committed by the federal government.
Frederick Maguire
Major General Frederick Arthur Maguire, CMG, DSO, VD, FRCS, FRACS, FACS (28 March 1888 – 10 June 1953) was an Australian physician, gynaecologist, and soldier, who spent much of his career with the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, the University of Sydney and in the service of the Australian Army Medical Corps. Maguire served as Director General Australian Army Medical Services from 1941 to 1942 during the Second World War, and was later a founding member and chairman of the Australian Regional Council of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.

Maguire was a noted Freemason and served as Grand Master of the United Grand Lodge of New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory from 1933 to 1935 and 1944 to 1945.

Volunteer Officers' Decoration
The Volunteer Officers' Decoration, post-nominal letters VD, was instituted in 1892 as an award for long and meritorious service by officers of the United Kingdom's Volunteer Force. Award of the decoration was discontinued in the United Kingdom when it was superseded by the Territorial Decoration in 1908, but it continued to be awarded in some Crown Dependencies until 1930.

The grant of the decoration was extended in 1894 by the institution of a separate new decoration, the Volunteer Officers' Decoration for India and the Colonies, that could be awarded to commissioned officers of all Volunteer Forces throughout the British Empire and India.
The HAB Theory
The HAB Theory is a 1976 science fiction novel by American author Allan W. Eckert. The novel is from the apocalyptic fiction subgenre. Eckert believed that the real-world facts and conclusions he quoted in the novel, were worthy of further exploration.  One such conclusion was that hyper-specialization in the physical sciences was a big problem and that more interactions between hyper-specialists was overdue.  He wove facts and concepts into the novel form, then his 17th book, to get more minds considering them. The book explores a version of pole shift hypothesis postulated by Professor Charles Hapgood in two  volumes, plus the 1967 book Cataclysms of the Earth by Hugh Auchincloss Brown.

When Brown published "Cataclysms", he was in his 90s, so he is represented in the novel by the character Herbert Allan Boardman (The "HAB" of the title) also in his 90s.

Charles Hapgood
Charles Hutchins Hapgood (May 17, 1904 – December 21, 1982) was an American college professor and author who became one of the best-known advocates of the pseudo-scientific claim of a rapid and recent pole shift with catastrophic results.
Anne Zerr (German politician)
Anne Theresa Zerr (born 21 July 1993) is a German politician from Die Linke.

In the 2025 German federal election, Zerr ran as a direct candidate in Reutlingen and entered the Bundestag via fifth place on her party's Baden-Württemberg state list. Before her election to the 21st German Bundestag, Zerr worked for the United Services Union (ver.di) Fils-Neckar-Alb as union secretary for transport, education, social work, and local government.

Following her entry into the Bundestag, Zerr, who lives in Tübingen, announced that she would open a constituency office in Tübingen in addition to Reutlingen. Constituency 290, Tübingen, remained without a member of the Bundestag due to the 2023 changes to the seat allocation regulations.

Tübingen (electoral district)
Tübingen is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 290. It is located in central Baden-Württemberg, comprising the Tübingen district and the northeastern part of the Zollernalbkreis district.

Tübingen was created for the 1980 federal election. From 2002 to 2025, it has been represented by Annette Widmann-Mauz of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU).
Lindsay Rappaport
Lindsay Rappaport is a fictional character on the American daytime drama One Life to Live. She was portrayed by Catherine Hickland, who debuted May 14, 1998, and played her continually through October 2008. Hickland briefly reprised the role in July 2009. Hickland returned to the role of Lindsay from January 4–6, 2012, for the show's ABC Daytime finale.

ABC Daytime
ABC Daytime (sometimes shortened to ABC-D or ABCD) is a division responsible for the daytime television programming block on the ABC Network and syndicated programming. The block has historically encompassed soap operas, game shows and talk shows.
Trifurcula pallidella
Trifurcula pallidella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is the type species of the genus Trifurcula.

The wingspan is 7.5–9 mm. Adults are on wing from May to early or mid-July. There is one generation per year.

The larvae feed on Chamaecytisus albus, Chamaecytisus austriacus, Chamaecytisus hirsutus, Chamaecytisus ratisbonensis, Chamaecytisus ruthenicus, Cytisus procumbens and Lembotropis nigricans. The larvae make galls on their host plant.

Cytisus nigricans
Cytisus nigricans, the black broom, is a species of flowering plant in the subfamily Faboideae of the  family Fabaceae. Growing 3–5 ft (0.91–1.52 m) tall, it is a slender deciduous shrub with erect branches. Masses of brilliant yellow, slightly fragrant pea-like flowers appear in long racemes on the current year's growth in summer and early autumn.

The more compact cultivar 'Cyni', to 1 m (3.3 ft), has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. It is hardy but prefers a sheltered position in full sun, with poor soil. It is preferable to remove the mature seed pods in autumn.
Nina Schläfli
Nina Schläfli (born 1 January 1990 in Münsterlingen) is a Swiss historian and politician who currently serves on the National Council (Switzerland) since 2023. She previously served on the Grand Council of Thurgau between 2016 and 2024 as well as on the municipal council of Kreuzlingen between 2012 and 2016. She is a member of the Social Democratic Party of Switzerland.

National Council (Switzerland)
The National Council (German: Nationalrat; French: Conseil national; Italian: Consiglio nazionale; Romansh: Cussegl naziunal) is a house of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, representing the people. The other house, the Council of States, represents the states. As the powers of the houses are the same, it is sometimes called perfect bicameralism. Both houses meet in the Federal Palace of Switzerland in Bern.

The National Council consists of 200 members. Adult citizens elect the council's members, who are called national Councillors, for four year terms. Members are apportioned to the cantons in proportion to their population.
Martha MacGuffie
Martha M. MacGuffie (1924–2011) (nicknamed "Bobby") was the first woman reconstructive and plastic surgeon to graduate from the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia University, in 1949. She was also the first woman surgeon to serve on the staff of a major suburban hospital, at Nyack Hospital in Nyack, New York. Macguffie helped establish the burns unit there and developed a water bed to reduce pain experienced by burn patients. During her 50-year medical career, MacGuffie treated over 50,000 patients. In 2003, the journal P&S published by the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia named her to their list of 15 "P&S Graduates who Helped Change the World". She died on March 7, 2011.

Plastic surgery
Plastic surgery is a surgical specialty involving restoration, reconstruction, or alteration of the human body. It can be divided into two main categories: reconstructive surgery and cosmetic surgery. Reconstructive surgery covers a wide range of specialties, including craniofacial surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, hand surgery, microsurgery, and the treatment of burns. This kind of surgery focuses on restoring a body part or improving its function. In contrast, cosmetic (or aesthetic) surgery focuses solely on improving the physical appearance of the body. A comprehensive definition of plastic surgery has never been established, because it has no distinct anatomical object and thus overlaps with practically all other surgical specialties. An essential feature of plastic surgery is that it involves the treatment of conditions that require or may require tissue relocation skills.
Svitlana Prystav
Svitlana Prystav (Ukrainian: Світлана Пристав) is a Ukrainian former pair skater. Competing with Viacheslav Tkachenko for the Soviet Union, she became a three-time World Junior medalist in the early 1990s. Later in their career, the pair represented Ukraine. They appeared at three senior-level ISU Championships, placing 10th at the 1993 European Championships in Helsinki (Finland), 13th at the 1993 World Championships in Prague (Czech Republic), and 14th at the 1994 European Championships in Copenhagen (Denmark).

1993 European Figure Skating Championships
The 1993 European Figure Skating Championships was a senior-level international competition held in Helsinki, Finland from 12 to 17 January 1993. Elite skaters from European ISU member nations competed in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.
Uniform k 21 polytope
In geometry, a uniform k21 polytope is a polytope in k + 4 dimensions constructed from the En Coxeter group, and having only regular polytope facets. The family was named by their Coxeter symbol k21 by its bifurcating Coxeter–Dynkin diagram, with a single ring on the end of the k-node sequence.

Thorold Gosset discovered this family as a part of his 1900 enumeration of the regular and semiregular polytopes, and so they are sometimes called Gosset's semiregular figures. Gosset named them by their dimension from 5 to 9, for example the 5-ic semiregular figure.

Coxeter–Dynkin diagram
In geometry, a Coxeter–Dynkin diagram (or Coxeter diagram, Coxeter graph) is a graph with numerically labeled edges (called branches) representing a Coxeter group or sometimes a uniform polytope or uniform tiling constructed from the group.

A class of closely related objects is the Dynkin diagrams, which differ from Coxeter diagrams in two respects: firstly, branches labeled "4" or greater are directed, while Coxeter diagrams are undirected; secondly, Dynkin diagrams must satisfy an additional (crystallographic) restriction, namely that the only allowed branch labels are 2, 3, 4, and 6. Dynkin diagrams correspond to and are used to classify root systems and therefore semisimple Lie algebras.
Gordon H. Fitzgerald
Gordon Howard "Paddy" Fitzgerald (January 19, 1927 – May 1, 2014) was a Canadian politician in the province of Nova Scotia. He was a former Speaker of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly. Fitzgerald was born in Cochrane, Ontario.

Halifax Cobequid
Halifax Cobequid was a provincial electoral district in Nova Scotia, Canada, that elected one member of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly. It was formed in 1956 as Halifax Northwest from part of the former district of Halifax West. In 1966, the district was renamed Halifax County North West, and the following year, in 1967 it was renamed Halifax Cobequid. It existed until 1978, when it was redistributed into four new districts: Sackville, Halifax Bedford Basin, Bedford-Musquodoboit Valley, and Cole Harbour.
Melosaurus
Melosaurus is an extinct genus of temnospondyl amphibian. Fossils of it have been found in Russia. Fossil remains of Melosaurus uralensis were discovered at Belebei in Russia. Its fossils dated of the Asselian-Olenekian stages (299–245 million years ago). Fossils of Melosaurus sp. were also unearthed at the site. Fossils of Melosaurus uralensis were found at the Sterlitamak site in Bashkortostan in Russia. The span of the strata is listed as Wordian (268–265.8 million years ago).

Melosaurus was 2.5–3 m (8.2–9.8 ft) in length. It lived around ponds, lakes, rivers, and marshes. The diet of Melosaurus consisted of fish and smaller tetrapods. Melosaurus was a powerful predator. It very likely preyed upon Discosauriscus (an aquatic batrachosaur).

Discosauriscus
Discosauriscus was a small seymouriamorph which lived in what is now Central and Western Europe during the latest Carboniferous and in the Early Permian Period. Its best fossils have been found in the Broumov and Bačov Formations of Boskovice Furrow, in the Czech Republic.
Museum of Ottoman House
The Museum of Ottoman House (Turkish: Osmanlı Evi Müzesi) is a historic house museum in Bursa, Turkey.

The museum is at 40°11′29″N 29°02′44″E﻿ / ﻿40.19139°N 29.04556°E﻿ / 40.19139; 29.04556 in Osmangazi district of Bursa to the west of Muradiye Complex. 
The building dates back to the 17th century. Before its construction there was probably a mansion of  the Ottoman sultan Murat II (r 1421–1451) where his son Mehmet II (r.1451–1481) was born. The building was opened in 1958 as a house museum. In 1973 and 1992 it underwent restoration.

The wooden house is a two-story building with a basement. Entrance to the basement is at north and to the ground floor is at west. In the ground floor, there are a wide hall with two symmetrical rooms in each side. In the upper floor, there are a harem room, a dining room and a guest room.

The two tombac candelabras stolen from Bursa Ottoman House were put up for sale in an auction in Sotheby’s in 1989. But they returned home in 1991.

Tombac
Tombac, or tombak, is a brass alloy with high copper content and 5–20% zinc content. Tin, lead or arsenic may be added for colouration.
It is a cheap malleable alloy mainly used for medals, ornament, decoration and some munitions.
In older use, the term may apply to brass alloy with a zinc content as high as 28–35%.
2018 Tour La Provence
The 2018 Tour La Provence was a road cycling stage race that took place between 8 and 11 February 2018. The race was rated as a 2.1 event as part of the 2018 UCI Europe Tour, and was the third edition of the Tour La Provence.

The race was won by French rider Alexandre Geniez, of the AG2R La Mondiale.

Alexandre Geniez
Alexandre Geniez (born 16 April 1988) is a French former professional cyclist, who competed as a professional from 2010 to 2022.

In March 2022 Geniez was convicted of domestic violence charges and given a four month suspended prison sentence.
On 31 May 2022 Team TotalEnergies terminated his contract effective immediately.
Donald Alexander Macdonald
Donald Alexander Macdonald PC (February 17, 1817 – June 10, 1896) was a Canadian politician.

Born in 1817 in St. Raphael's, Upper Canada, Donald Alexander Macdonald studied at St Raphael's College under the first Catholic Bishop of Ontario, Alexander Macdonell. He became a railway contractor and was elected as a member of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada from 1857 to 1867. He was the Liberal Member of Parliament for Glengarry in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1875, and served as Postmaster General of Canada. In 1875 Macdonald was appointed the fourth Lieutenant Governor of Ontario and held that post until 1880. He died in Montreal in 1896.

Macdonald served as a Major in the 4th Battalion, Glengarry Militia, succeeding his brother John as Commanding Officer in 1852.

He was the brother of John Sandfield Macdonald, the first Premier of Ontario, and Alexander Francis Macdonald, the MP for Cornwall from 1874 to 1878.

Alexander Macdonell (bishop of Kingston)
Bishop Alexander Macdonell (17 July 1762 – 14 January 1840) was the first Roman Catholic bishop of Kingston, Upper Canada.

He was born in Glen Urquhart, Inchlaggan, Scotland and served a chaplain with the Glengarry Fencibles during the Irish Rebellion of 1798. His presence insured that the regiment "distinguished itself by its humanity". When the regiment was demobilized, most of the soldiers found themselves unemployed and destitute. He led them to Canada, where they received a grant of land for their service.

When Macdonell arrived in 1804, he found three priests and three churches in Upper Canada. By his energy and perseverance he induced a considerable immigration to the province, and left at his death forty-eight churches attended by thirty priests, plus a seminary and a college.
Akali Dal – Master Tara Singh Group
Akali Dal – Master Tara Singh Group was one of several hard-line splinter groups founded by Tara Singh. Akali Dal – Tara Singh was formed in 1962. It was led by Master Tara Singh. The party was a Sikh-centered political party in the Indian state of Punjab. The party was created due to disagreement between Master Tara Singh and Sant Fateh Singh. The party failed to gained control of the Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee in October 1962.  In the Gurdwara elections in January 1965, the party annexed 45 of the seats, while Sant Fateh Singh's party could manage 90. In 1967 during Punjab Legislative Assembly election Party got only 2 seats and gave their support to Akali Dal Sant Fateh Singh with other Parties and Independents and formed People's United Front and the Government under the leadership of Gurnam Singh but resigned after defection by Lachhman Singh Gill and then both the factions merged and formed Shiromani Akali Dal on 7 October 1968 at Khadur Sahib.

Fateh Singh (Sikh leader)
Fateh Singh (27 October 1911 – 30 October 1972) was an Indian Sikh religious and political leader, and a key figure in the Punjabi Suba movement. He was revered as Sant Fateh Singh among his followers.
Andrew Tye
Andrew James "AJ" Tye (born 12 December 1986) is an Australian cricketer who played One Day Internationals (ODIs) and Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is) for the Australian national cricket team. At the domestic level he plays for Western Australia and Melbourne Renegades. He is most famous for his use of the knuckle ball and wide variation of pace.

Melbourne Renegades
The Melbourne Renegades are an Australian men's professional Twenty20 (T20) franchise cricket team based in Melbourne, Victoria. They compete in the Australian domestic Big Bash League (BBL) competition. As of the 2024–25 season, the team is coached by Cameron White and captained by Will Sutherland. Since the establishment of the BBL in BBL |01, the Renegades have won one title in (BBL |08).
Kuala Lumpur Guan Di Temple
Kuala Lumpur Guan Di Temple (shortened as KL Guan Di Temple, Chinese: 吉隆坡关帝庙), or Kuala Lumpur Emperor Guan Temple, also known as the Kuala Lumpur Kuan Ti Temple, is a Malaysia-based Taoist temple located in the Jalan Tun H S Lee, Kuala Lumpur. Founded in 1887 or 1888, it is one of the oldest temples in Malaysia.

Taoist temple
A Taoist or Daoist temple, also known by its Chinese names as a guan, daoguan, or gongguan, is a place where the Tao is observed and cultivated. It is a place of worship in Taoism. Taoism is a religion that originated in China, with the belief in immortality, which urges people to become immortal through moral and health cultivation.

Structure and function can vary according to the Taoist school the temple belongs to. For example, guàn of the Quanzhen School are monasteries where celibate daoshi "priests" live.
Sampling (medicine)
In medicine, sampling is gathering of matter from the body to aid in the process of a medical diagnosis and/or evaluation of an indication for treatment, further medical tests or other procedures. In this sense, the sample is the gathered matter, and the sampling tool or sampler is the person or material to collect the sample.

Sampling is a prerequisite for many medical tests, but generally not for medical history, physical examination and radiologic tests.

Sputum
Sputum is mucus that is coughed up from the lower airways (the trachea and bronchi). In medicine, sputum samples are usually used for a naked-eye examination, microbiological investigation of respiratory infections, and cytological investigations of respiratory system.

A naked eye exam of the sputum can be done at home by a patient in order to note the various colors (see below). Any hint of yellow or green color (pus) suggests an airway infection (but does not indicate the type of organism causing it). Such color hints are best detected when the sputum is viewed against a bright white background, such as white paper, a white pot, or a white sink surface.

Having green, yellow, or thickened phlegm (sputum) does not always indicate the presence of an infection. Also, if an infection is present, the color of the phlegm (sputum) does not determine whether a virus, a bacterium or another pathogen has caused it. Simple allergies can also cause changes in the color of mucus.
Coussa (surname)
Coussa is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gabriel Acacius Coussa (1897–1962), Syrian Melkite Catholic archbishop

Nasrallah Coussa (died 1873),  mutasarrif of the Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate

Naum Coussa, 5th mutasarrıf of the Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate

Paul Coussa (1917–2012), Iraqi prelate of the Armenian Catholic Church

Yusuf Franko Coussa (1855–1933), Ottoman statesman and caricaturist, 7th mutasarrif of Mount Lebanon

Gabriel Acacius Coussa
Gabriel Acacius Coussa, BA (3 August 1897 – 29 July 1962) was a Syrian prelate of the Melkite Greek Catholic Church who served as Secretary of the Congregation for the Eastern Churches from 1961 to 1962. He was the first Eastern Catholic to hold this position. He was a member of the Basilian Aleppian Order and was created a cardinal in 1962.
Tufanganj railway station
Tufanganj railway station serves the city of Tufanganj lying in Cooch Behar district in the Indian state of West Bengal. The station lies in New Cooch Behar-Golokganj branch line under Alipurduar railway division of Northeast Frontier Railway zone. Important trains like Kolkata–Sairang Express,  Alipurduar–Silghat Town Rajya Rani Express, Siliguri–Dhubri Intercity Express are available from Tufanganj.

Cooch Behar district
Cooch Behar district (Bengali pronunciation: [kot͡ʃ biɦar d͡ʒela]), also known as Koch Bihar district, is one of the 23 districts of the state of West Bengal in India. The district is the part of Jalpaiguri Division. Cooch Behar city is the headquarters of the district. This district was a Princely state until 1949 CE. The district consists of the flat plains of North Bengal and has several rivers: the most notable being the Teesta, Jaldhaka and Torsa. The district has the highest proportion of Scheduled Castes in the country.