hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Boundless (company)
Boundless was an American company, founded in 2011, which created free and low-cost textbooks and distributed them online. In April 2015, it was acquired by Valore. The combined company is based in Boston, Massachusetts.

In May 2017, it was announced that Boundless course materials would not be available after September 2017. Lumen Learning archived the Boundless collection on the Lumen platform.

Open educational resources
Open educational resources (OER) are teaching, learning, and research materials that are intentionally created and licensed to be free for the end user to own, share, and in most cases, modify. The term "OER" describes publicly accessible materials and resources for any user to use, re-mix, improve, and redistribute under some licenses. These are designed to reduce accessibility barriers by implementing best practices in teaching and to be adapted for local unique contexts.

The development and promotion of open educational resources is often motivated by a desire to provide an alternative or enhanced educational paradigm.
Deseret Book Company
Deseret Book (/ˌdɛzəˈrɛt/ ⓘ) is an American publishing company headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah, that also operates a chain of 38 bookstores throughout the United States which includes: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas, Utah, Washington.  It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Deseret Management Corporation (DMC), the holding company for business firms owned by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Deseret Book is a for-profit corporation registered in Utah. Deseret Book publishes under four imprints with media ranging from works explaining Latter-day Saint theology and doctrine, fiction, electronic resources, and sound recordings such, as The Tabernacle Choir at Temple Square albums.

General authority
A general authority is a member of the highest levels of leadership within the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints who has administrative and ecclesiastical authority over the church. A general authority's jurisdiction is church-wide, in contrast to the responsibilities of a local authority or an area authority, which relate to a particular area, unit, or department of the church. As a group, the general authorities are often referred to as "the Brethren". As of April 2023, the church listed 95 general authorities.
Bristol Engineer Volunteers
The Bristol Engineer Volunteer Corps was a part-time unit of Britain's Royal Engineers, first raised in 1861. It went on to provide the Sappers for the 48th (South Midland) Division of the Territorial Force, serving in both World Wars and postwar until 1967.

VIII Corps Troops, Royal Engineers
VIII Corps Troops, Royal Engineers (VIII CTRE) was a battalion-sized unit of Royal Engineers (RE) attached to the British Army's VIII Corps Headquarters in World War II. It served with 21st Army Group during the campaign in North West Europe 1944–45. It built the first British bridges across the Rhine and the Elbe after the assault crossings in March and April 1945 and continued in British Army of the Rhine after the end of the war.
Neuroendocrine differentiation
Neuroendocrine differentiation is a term primarily used in relation to prostate cancers that display a significant neuroendocrine cell population on histopathological examination. These types of prostate cancer comprise true neuroendocrine cancers, such as small cell carcinoma, carcinoid and carcinoid-like tumors, as well as prostatic adenocarcinoma exhibiting focal neuroendocrine phenotype.

Prostate-specific antigen
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), also known as gamma-seminoprotein or kallikrein-3 (KLK3), P-30 antigen, is a glycoprotein enzyme encoded in humans by the KLK3 gene. PSA is a member of the kallikrein-related peptidase family and is secreted by the epithelial cells of the prostate gland in men and the paraurethral glands in women.

PSA is produced for the ejaculate, where it liquefies semen in the seminal coagulum and allows sperm to swim freely. It is also believed to be instrumental in dissolving cervical mucus, allowing the entry of sperm into the uterus.

PSA is present in small quantities in the serum of men with healthy prostates, but is often elevated in the presence of prostate cancer or other prostate disorders. PSA is not uniquely an indicator of prostate cancer, but may also detect prostatitis or benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Robert W. Ward
Robert Walter Ward (November 26, 1929 – April 3, 1997) was an American electrician, businessman, and government executive, and Republican politician from the U.S. state of Alaska. He was the third Secretary of State of Alaska from 1969 to 1970, and was the last person to serve under that title, as the title was changed to lieutenant governor by a constitutional amendment passed by voters on August 25, 1970, making him the first lieutenant governor of Alaska.

Lieutenant Governor of Alaska
The lieutenant governor of Alaska is the deputy elected official to the governor of the U.S. state of Alaska. Unlike most lieutenant governors in the U.S., the office also maintains the duties of a secretary of state, and indeed was named such until August 25, 1970. Prior to statehood, the territorial-era Secretary of Alaska, who was appointed by the president of the United States like the governor, functioned as an acting governor or successor-in-waiting. Currently, the lieutenant governor accedes to the governorship in case of a vacancy. The lieutenant governor runs together with the governor in both the primary and the general election as a slate. The current lieutenant governor is Nancy Dahlstrom, who took office on 5 December 2022.
Bhoja tribe
The Bhoja tribes were a collection of semi-Aryan ancient tribes, located in India during the Late Vedic Period. They are described as being an offshoot of the Yadava tribe in the Indian epic of Mahabharata. They were a branch of the Andhaka clan, who were in turn descendants of the Satvata clan descended from King Yadu. The Bhojas were sub-divided into eighteen branches and ruled from their capital at Mrittikavati, on the banks of  the Parnasa river in Central India.

Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
The Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, commonly known as the Royal Asiatic Society, was established, according to its royal charter of 11 August 1824, to further "the investigation of subjects connected with and for the encouragement of science, literature and the arts in relation to Asia."  From its incorporation the society has been a forum, through lectures, its journal, and other publications, for scholarship relating to Asian culture and society of the highest level.  It is the United Kingdom's senior learned society in the field of Asian studies. Fellows of the society are elected regularly and include highly accomplished and notable scholars of Asian studies; they use the post-nominal letters FRAS.
Wellness (alternative medicine)
Wellness is a state beyond absence of illness but rather aims to optimize well-being.

The notions behind the term share the same roots as the alternative medicine movement. In 19th-century movements in the US and Europe that sought to optimize health and to consider the whole person, like New Thought, Christian Science, and Lebensreform. Ayurveda mentions the concept and also has dedicated a whole speciality for the concept of wellness and maintenance of health.

The term wellness has also been misused for pseudoscientific health interventions.

Quality of life
Quality of life (QOL) is defined by the World Health Organization as "an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns".

Standard indicators of the quality of life include wealth, employment, the environment, physical and mental health, education, recreation and leisure time, social belonging, religious beliefs, safety, security and freedom. QOL has a wide range of contexts, including the fields of international development, healthcare, politics and employment. Health related QOL (HRQOL) is an evaluation of QOL and its relationship with health.
2010 Busan Open Challenger Tennis
The 2010 Busan Open Challenger Tennis was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was part of the 2010 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Busan, South Korea between May 10 and May 16, 2010.

Busan Open
The Busan Open (formerly known as Busan Open Challenger Tennis) is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hardcourts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour 125 and it is the longest-running Challenger event in Asia, established in 2003. It has been held annually in Busan, South Korea, in the spring. In 2022 it was played in October.
The Four: Battle for Stardom season 2
The second and final season of The Four: Battle for Stardom premiered on Fox on June 7, 2018. Fergie hosted the show, while Sean Combs, DJ Khaled and Meghan Trainor were judges. On August 2, 2018, the winner was announced as James Graham from Chelmsford, United Kingdom.

Fox ultimately canceled The Four without any announcement following the rating's popularity of its rival program, The Masked Singer.

The Four: Battle for Stardom
The Four: Battle for Stardom, also known as The Four, is an American reality television music competition series broadcast on Fox. Premiering on January 4, 2018, the show was eventually renewed for a second season which aired on June 7, 2018. The winner, determined by a studio audience and panelists, is awarded a recording contract with Republic Records, a division of Universal Music Group, and named iHeartRadio's "On the Verge" artist. The winners of the first two seasons are Evvie McKinney and James Graham.

The show's panelists originally included Sean Combs, DJ Khaled, Meghan Trainor, and Charlie Walk. However, Walk withdrew from the series prior to the season one finale following sexual assault allegations against him. Subsequent episodes have starred the other three panelists.
Space Infrastructure Servicing
Space Infrastructure Servicing (SIS) is a spacecraft concept being developed by Canadian aerospace firm MDA to operate as a small-scale in-space refueling depot for communication satellites in geosynchronous orbit.

In June 2017, SSL (MDA's Palo Alto, California company) announced its first commercial customer, Luxembourg-based satellite owner / operator SES S.A.

Maxar acquired SSL, then in 2019, SSL abandoned the SSP project.

Graveyard orbit
A graveyard orbit, also called a junk orbit or disposal orbit, is an orbit that lies away from common operational orbits. One significant graveyard orbit is a supersynchronous orbit well beyond geosynchronous orbit. Some satellites are moved into such orbits at the end of their operational life to reduce the probability of colliding with operational spacecraft and generating space debris.
Ludwigswinkel
Ludwigswinkel (German pronunciation: [ˈluːtvɪçsˌvɪŋkl̩]) is a municipality in the district of Südwestpfalz of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, very close to the French border.  The nearest large town is Pirmasens.

Südwestpfalz
Südwestpfalz (pronounced [zyːtˈvɛstˌpfalts], lit. 'Southwest Palatinate') is a district (Kreis or more precise Landkreis) in the south of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from west clockwise) Saarpfalz, the district-free city Zweibrücken, the districts Kaiserslautern and Bad Dürkheim, the district-free city Landau  (the Taubensuhl/Fassendeich forest part of the city), Südliche Weinstraße, and the French département Bas-Rhin. The district-free city Pirmasens is surrounded by the district.
Skajzgiry
Skajzgiry [skai̯zˈɡirɨ] (German Skaisgirren) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dubeninki, within Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) north-east of Dubeninki, 26 km (16 mi) east of Gołdap, and 157 km (98 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Dubeninki
Dubeninki ([dubɛˈninki]; Lithuanian: Dubininkai) is a village in Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Dubeninki.
1972 Buckeye Tennis Championships – Singles
The 1972 Buckeye Tennis Championships – Singles was an event of the 1972 Buckeye Tennis Championships tennis tournament and was played at the Buckeye Boys Ranch in Grove City, Columbus, Ohio in the United States between July 17 and July 23, 1972. Tom Gorman was the defending champion, but did not compete in this edition. First-seeded Jimmy Connors won the singles title, defeating Andrew Pattison 7–5, 6–3, 7–5 in the final.

1972 Buckeye Tennis Championships
The 1972 Buckeye Tennis Championships, als known as the Buckeye Classic, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Buckeye Boys Ranch in Grove City, Columbus, Ohio in the United States that was part of Group D of the 1972 Grand Prix circuit. It was the third edition of the tournament and was held  from July 17 through July 23, 1972. First-seeded Jimmy Connors won the singles title and earned $5,000 first-prize money.
Winema (sternwheeler)
Winema was the largest steamboat ever to operate on Upper Klamath Lake in the U.S. state of Oregon. The steamer ran from 1905 to 1919, when it was hauled out of the water permanently. Winema was sunk by a sudden squall in August 1907. The vessel was raised, rebuilt and returned to service. The steamer remained out of the water for a number of years in the 1920, until it caught fire in 1925 or 1927 and was destroyed.

Klamath Falls, Oregon
Klamath Falls (/ˈklæməθ/ KLAM-əth) is a city in and the county seat of Klamath County, Oregon, United States. The city was originally called Linkville when George Nurse founded the town in 1867. It was named after the Link River, on whose falls the city was sited. The name was changed to Klamath Falls in 1893. The population was 21,813 at the 2020 census. With its suburb Altamont, a census-designated place, the combined population of the towns is 42,046 residents. The city is on the southeastern shore of the Upper Klamath Lake, at the foothills of the Cascade Range, and is home to the Oregon Institute of Technology.

Logging was the first major industry of Klamath Falls.
Kitchen cabinet
Kitchen cabinets are the built-in furniture installed in many kitchens for storage of food, cooking equipment, and often silverware and dishes for table service.  Appliances such as refrigerators, dishwashers, and ovens are often integrated into kitchen cabinetry. There are many options for cabinets available at present.

Paint
Paint is a material or mixture that, when applied to a solid material and allowed to dry, adds a film-like layer. As art, this is used to create an image or images known as a painting. Paint can be made in many colors and types. Most paints are either oil-based or water-based, and each has distinct characteristics.

Primitive forms of paint were used tens of thousands of years ago in cave paintings.

Clean-up solvents are also different for water-based paint than oil-based paint. Water-based paints and oil-based paints will cure differently based on the outside ambient temperature of the object being painted (such as a house).
Tapinothelella
Tapinothelella is a monotypic genus of South African nursery web spiders containing the single species, Tapinothelella laboriosa. It was first described by Embrik Strand in 1909, and is only found in South Africa.

Nursery web spider
Nursery web spiders (Pisauridae) are a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1890. Females of the family are known for building special nursery webs. When their eggs are about to hatch, a female spider builds a tent-like web, places her egg sac inside, and stands guard outside, hence the family's common name. Like wolf spiders, however, nursery web spiders are roaming hunters that do not use webs for catching prey.

The name "nursery web spider" is especially given to the European species Pisaura mirabilis.  Adult female specimens may reach up to 15 mm in length, excluding legs.  The legs of the male are longer in relation to body size than those of the female.
1986 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship
The 1986 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship was the 23rd staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1964.

Cork entered the championship as defending champions.

On 14 September 1986, Cork won the championship following a 3-16 to 0-12 defeat of Offaly in the All-Ireland final. This was their seventh All-Ireland title overall and their third in successive seasons.

1985 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship
The 1985 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship was the 22nd staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1964.

Cork entered the championship as defending champions.

On 25 August 1985, Cork won the championship following a 0-14 to 1-8 defeat of Derry in the All-Ireland final. This was their sixth All-Ireland title overall and their second in successive seasons.
Cytochrome c
The cytochrome complex, or cyt c, is a small hemeprotein found loosely associated with the inner membrane of the mitochondrion, where it plays a critical role in cellular respiration. 
It transfers electrons between Complexes III (Coenzyme Q – Cyt c reductase) and IV (Cyt c oxidase). Cytochrome c is highly water-soluble, unlike other cytochromes. It is capable of undergoing oxidation and reduction as its iron atom converts between the ferrous and ferric forms, but does not bind oxygen.  It also plays a major role in cell apoptosis. In humans, cytochrome c is encoded by the CYCS gene.

Protease
A protease (also called a peptidase, proteinase, or proteolytic enzyme) is an enzyme that catalyzes proteolysis, breaking down proteins into smaller polypeptides or single amino acids, and spurring the formation of new protein products. They do this by cleaving the peptide bonds within proteins by hydrolysis, a reaction where water breaks bonds. Proteases are involved in numerous biological pathways, including digestion of ingested proteins, protein catabolism (breakdown of old proteins), and cell signaling.

In the absence of functional accelerants, proteolysis would be very slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteases can be found in all forms of life and viruses. They have independently evolved multiple times, and different classes of protease can perform the same reaction by completely different catalytic mechanisms.
Sortilège (EP)
Sortilège is the debut EP by French heavy metal band Sortilège. It was released by Rave-On Records in 1983.

The CD reissue contains English versions of the songs "Bourreau", "Gladiateur" and "Amazone" as bonus tracks. It also contains three songs from the album Metamorfosis (English release of Métamorphose) which are also in English. Blade Killer (English version of Bourreau) was featured on Rave-On Hits Hard, a compilation disc by various artist published by Rave-On Records.

Métamorphose (album)
Métamorphose is the first studio album by French heavy metal band Sortilège released in 1984. It was the first album released by Madrigal. In 1997 Madrigal re-released this album with English versions of Majesté, Légende, Civilisation Perdue, Cyclope De L'etang and Métamorphose as bonus tracks.
Rodrigo Martínez
Rodrigo Martínez (Latin: Rudericus Martini) (died July 1138) was a Leonese nobleman, landowner, courtier, military leader, governor, and diplomat, "the most powerful lay figure in the region of the western Tierra de Campos," who "emerges as far and away the most regular visitor to the court of Alfonso VII between 1127 and 1138." He was a member of the Flagínez family, rose to the highest rank in the kingdom and met his end on the battlefield.

He was the eldest son of Martín Flaínez and Sancha Fernández. Throughout his career he was closely associated with his brothers Pedro and Osorio Martínez. All three Martínez brothers met their ends on the battlefield. Martín Flaínez is known to have donated a meadow, money, and some candles to the monastery of Santa Eugenia de Cordovilla because the monks had performed a successful exorcism on the young Rodrigo.

Valencia de Don Juan
Valencia de Don Juan (Spanish pronunciation: [baˈlenθja ðe ðoŋ ˈxwan]; Coyanza in Leonese language) is a municipality located in the province of León, Castile and León, Spain. In 2023, the municipality had a population of 5,185.

Originally, Valencia de Don Juan was named Comeniaca and Castrum Covianca in Roman times. In the High Middle Ages, it appeared as Cives Quoianka and Coyanza or Coyança (as it appears in the current seal, in addition to being evoked in the gentile "coyantino"). This lasted until the thirteenth century in which it was changed by Valencia de Campos, before renamed to the current name after its first lord and duke, Infante John of Portugal.
Gil Hanse
Gilbert Hanse (born August 12, 1963) is an American golf course designer. Hanse, along with his business partner Jim Wagner, was selected to design the Rio 2016 Olympic Golf Course, the first Olympic venue to host golf since 1904.

Merion Golf Club
Merion Golf Club is a private golf club which is located in Haverford Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania, a township bordering Philadelphia to the northwest along the historic Main Line. The club has two courses: the East Course, and the West Course. The East Course has been consistently rated in the top 10, #5 in 2015,  by Golf Digest in the annual "America's 100 Greatest Golf Courses", and it has hosted five U.S. Opens, most recently in 2013.
EPUB
EPUB is an e-book file format that uses the ".epub" file extension. The term is short for electronic publication and is sometimes stylized as ePUB. EPUB is supported by many e-readers, and compatible software is available for most smartphones, tablets, and computers. EPUB is a technical standard published by the International Digital Publishing Forum (IDPF). It became an official standard of the IDPF in September 2007, superseding the older Open eBook (OEB) standard.

The Book Industry Study Group endorses EPUB 3 as the format of choice for packaging content and has stated that the global book publishing industry should rally around a single standard. Technically, a file in the EPUB format is a ZIP archive file consisting of XHTML files carrying the content, along with images and other supporting files. EPUB is the most widely supported vendor-independent XML-based e-book format; it is supported by almost all hardware readers and many software readers and mobile apps.

Filename extension
A filename extension, file name extension or file extension is a suffix to the name of a computer file (for example, .txt, .mp3, .exe) that indicates a characteristic of the file contents or its intended use. A filename extension is typically delimited from the rest of the filename with a full stop (period), but in some systems it is separated with spaces.

Some file systems, such as the FAT file system used in DOS, implement filename extensions as a feature of the file system itself and may limit the length and format of the extension, while others, such as Unix file systems, the VFAT file system, and NTFS, treat filename extensions as part of the filename without special distinction.