hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Simon Vukčević
Simon Vukčević (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Симон Вукчевић, pronounced [sǐmon ʋǔktʃeʋitɕ]; born 29 January 1986) is a Montenegrin former footballer who played as an attacking midfielder.

After starting his senior career at the age of 17 with Partizan, winning two national championships during his tenure, he went on to play professionally in Russia, Portugal – playing 135 competitive matches while scoring 28 goals for Sporting CP and conquering the 2008 Taça de Portugal – England, Ukraine, Greece and Cyprus.

Internationally, Vukčević represented both Serbia and Montenegro and Montenegro.

2003–04 First League of Serbia and Montenegro
The 2003–04 First League of Serbia and Montenegro was the second and first full season of the Serbia and Montenegro's top-level football league since its establishment. It was contested by 16 teams (13 from Serbia and three from Montenegro), and Red Star Belgrade won the championship.
Red-short carbon steel
Red-short or hot-short steel is steel that becomes brittle at red-hot temperatures.
This brittleness is often caused by high sulfur levels,
in which case it is also known as sulfur embrittlement.

Iron or steel, when heated to above 460 °C (900 °F), glows with a red color. The color of heated iron changes predictably (due to black-body radiation) from dull red through orange and yellow to white, and can be a useful indicator of its temperature. Good quality iron or steel at and above this temperature becomes increasingly malleable and plastic. Red-short iron or steel, on the other hand, becomes crumbly and brittle.

Red heat
In blacksmithing, red heat is the practice of using colours to determine the temperature of a piece of metal (usually iron or steel). Long before thermometers were widely available, it was necessary to know what state the metal was in for heat treating it, and the only way to do this was to heat it up to a colour which was known to be best for the work.
Lake Memphremagog
Lake Memphremagog (mem-frə-MAY-gog; French: Lac Memphrémagog, pronounced [lak mɛmfʁemaɡɔɡ]) is a fresh water glacial lake located between Newport, Vermont, United States and Magog, Quebec, Canada.  The lake spans both Quebec and Vermont, but is mostly in Quebec. Most of the watershed that feeds the lake is located in Vermont, and is a source for accumulated phosphorus, sediments, and other pollutants. Cleanup efforts since the late 1980s have improved the water quality. The lake furnishes potable water for 200,000 people.

Abenaki
The Abenaki (Abenaki: Wôbanaki) are an Indigenous people of the Northeastern Woodlands of Canada and the United States. They are an Algonquian-speaking people and part of the Wabanaki Confederacy. The Eastern Abenaki language was predominantly spoken in Maine, while the Western Abenaki language was spoken in Quebec, Vermont, and New Hampshire.

While Abenaki peoples share cultural traits, they historically did not have a centralized government. They came together as a post-contact community after their original tribes were decimated by colonization, disease, and warfare.
Emília Vášáryová
Emília Vášáryová, Doctor Artis Dramaticae (hon.) (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈemiːlija ˈʋaːʂarijɔʋa]; born 18 May 1942) is a Slovak stage and screen actress, whom Variety and other publications refer to as the "First Lady of Slovak Theater". During a career of more than five decades, she has received numerous awards including Meritorious Artist (1978), the Alfréd Radok Award (1996), the Czech Lion Award, the Golden Goblet Award (2008),  and a 2010 ELSA award from the Czech Film and Television Academy (2010). Because her younger sister is former diplomat Magdaléna Vášáryová, the daily newspaper iDNES said fans consider her an "Honorary Consul of Czech and Slovak Relations".

Slovak National Theatre
The Slovak National Theater (Slovak: Slovenské národné divadlo, abbr. SND) is the oldest professional theatre in Slovakia, consisting of three ensembles: opera, ballet, and drama. Its history begins shortly after the establishment of the first Czechoslovak Republic in 1918. It is located in the capital, Bratislava.

The theatre is currently based in two separate buildings: the historic Neo-Renaissance building at Gorkého 2 (Hviezdoslavovo námestie) and the new SND building in the Old Town, opened on 14 April 2007, at Pribinova 17. Performances take place on most days of the year. The Slovak National Theatre has represented Slovak culture on its numerous tours abroad.
Malapterurus
Malapterurus (from Ancient Greek μαλακός (malakós) meaning "soft", πτερόν (pterón), meaning "wing", and οὐρά (ourá), meaning "tail") is a genus of catfishes (order Siluriformes) of the electric catfish family (Malapteruridae). It includes 18 species.

Kainji Lake
Kainji Lake, in North Central Nigeria, is a reservoir on the Niger River, formed by the Kainji Dam. It was formed in 1968 and is a part of Niger State and Kebbi State. Kainji Lake National Park (KNLP), situated around the lake, is Nigeria's oldest National Park, established in 1976.
Vodafone España
Vodafone España, S.A.U. is a mobile telecommunications operator in Spain headquartered in Madrid. It was founded in 2001, as a result of the merger of the shares held by Vodafone and British Telecom, and Airtel.

The company offers GSM900/1800 MHz (2G), UMTS (3G), HSDPA (3.5G) and 4G LTE services in Spain.

Bharti Airtel
Bharti Airtel is an Indian multinational telecommunications company headquartered in New Delhi. It operates in 18 countries across Indian Subcontinent, Africa, and the Channel Islands. In India, the company provides mobile telephony services using 5G, 4G, and LTE Advanced technologies, along with fixed-line broadband and voice services, while the range of services varies by country of operation.

Airtel is the second-largest mobile network operator in India and one of the largest mobile network operators globally by subscriber base. It has also deployed Voice over LTE (VoLTE) technology across telecom circles in India to support voice calls over 4G networks.
Timeline of the 2012 United States presidential election
The following is a timeline of major events leading up to the United States presidential election of 2012. The election was the 57th quadrennial United States presidential election held on November 6, 2012.

2012 Democratic Party presidential primaries
From January 3 to June 5, 2012, voters of the Democratic Party chose its nominee for president in the 2012 United States presidential election. President Barack Obama won the Democratic Party nomination by securing more than the required 2,383 delegates on April 3, 2012, after a series of primary elections and caucuses. He was formally nominated by the 2012 Democratic National Convention on September 5, 2012, in Charlotte, North Carolina.
Non-volcanic passive margins
Non-volcanic passive margins (NVPM) constitute one end member of the transitional crustal types that lie beneath passive continental margins; the other end member being volcanic passive margins (VPM).  Transitional crust welds continental crust to oceanic crust along the lines of continental break-up.  Both VPM and NVPM form during rifting, when a continent rifts to form a new ocean basin. NVPM are different from VPM because of a lack of volcanism. Instead of intrusive magmatic structures, the transitional crust is composed of stretched continental crust and exhumed upper mantle. NVPM are typically submerged and buried beneath thick sediments, so they must be studied using geophysical techniques or drilling.  NVPM have diagnostic seismic, gravity, and magnetic characteristics that can be used to distinguish them from VPM and for demarcating the transition between continental and oceanic crust.

Lithosphere
A lithosphere is the rigid outermost rocky shell of a terrestrial planet or natural satellite. On Earth, it is composed of the crust and the lithospheric mantle, the topmost portion of the upper mantle that behaves elastically on time scales of up to thousands of years or more. The crust and upper mantle are distinguished on the basis of chemistry and mineralogy.
Bupyeong, Incheon
Bupyeong (Korean: 부평; Hanja: 富平) is an area surrounding Bupyeong District, Gyeyang District, Seo District, part of Bucheon and Guro District, Seoul. Until 1914, Bupyeong was a separate county independent to Incheon.

Bupyeong District
Bupyeong District (Korean: 부평구; RR: Bupyeong-gu) is one of the 10 administrative divisions (eight municipal districts and two counties) that comprise Incheon, South Korea. Bupyeong District comprises an area of 12.35 square miles (31.98 square km), and has a population of 508,587. It is located north of Namdong District, east of Seo District, and south of Gyeyang District.  The city of Bucheon, in neighboring Gyeonggi Province, comprises its eastern limit.
Weidenau
Weidenau is a suburban part (Stadtteil) of the city Siegen in Germany.

Weidenau, a northern part of Siegen, shares borders with Niedersetzen in the north, Geisweid in the north-west, the central part of Siegen in the south, Birlenbach in the west, Bürbach in the south-east and Dreis-Tiefenbach, a part of the city of Netphen in the north-east.

The University of Siegen is located in Weidenau.

Siegen
Siegen (German pronunciation: [ˈziːɡn̩] ⓘ) is a city in Germany, in the south Westphalian part of North Rhine-Westphalia.

It is located in the district of Siegen-Wittgenstein in the Arnsberg region. The university town (nearly 20,000 students in the 2018–2019 winter semester) is the district seat, and is ranked as a "higher centre" in the South Westphalian urban agglomeration.

In 1975, municipal reforms and amalgamations lifted Siegen's population above the 100,000 mark.
Ortho ester
In organic chemistry, an ortho ester is a functional group containing three alkoxy groups attached to one carbon atom, i.e. with the general formula RC(OR')3. Orthoesters may be considered as products of exhaustive alkylation of unstable orthocarboxylic acids and it is from these that the name 'ortho ester' is derived. An example is ethyl orthoacetate, CH3C(OCH2CH3)3, more correctly known as 1,1,1-triethoxyethane. In total synthesis, bicyclic OBO ortho esters are used as protecting groups for carboxylic acids and esters.

Alkoxy group
In chemistry, the alkoxy group is an alkyl group which is singularly bonded to oxygen; thus R−O. Denoted usually with apostrophe('). The range of alkoxy groups is vast, the simplest being methoxy (CH3O−). An ethoxy group (CH3CH2O−) is found in the organic compound ethyl phenyl ether (C6H5OCH2CH3, also known as ethoxybenzene).

Related to alkoxy groups are aryloxy groups, which have an aryl group singularly bonded to oxygen such as the phenoxy group (C6H5O−).

An alkoxy or aryloxy group bonded to an alkyl or aryl (R−O−R') is an ether. If bonded to H it is an alcohol.

The term alkoxide refers to the anionic conjugate bases of alcohols (RO−) or to ionic compounds containing such an anion.  Alkoxide compounds are derivatives of alcohols where the hydrogen of the –OH group is replaced by a metal; for example, the sodium salt of ethanol (CH3CH2OH) is sodium ethoxide, containing ethoxide anions CH3CH2O− and sodium cations Na+.
Virée de Galerne
The Virée de Galerne was a military operation of the War in the Vendée during the French Revolutionary Wars across Brittany and Normandy. It takes its name from French virée (turn) and Breton gwalarn (northwest wind).

It concerns the Vendean army's crossing of the river Loire after their defeat in the Battle of Cholet on 17 October 1793 and its march to Granville in the hope of finding reinforcements there from England. Unable to take Granville on 14 November 1793, it fell back towards Savenay (23 December 1793) where it was completely destroyed by Republican troops under Kléber. The battle of Savenay marked the end of what would come to be called the First War in the Vendée.

Jean Léchelle
Jean Léchelle or Jean L'Échelle (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ leʃɛl]; 2 April 1760 – 11 November 1793) briefly commanded a French army during the French Revolutionary Wars. Having served in the French Royal Army as a youth, the outbreak of the French Revolution found him employed as a fencing master. He was elected to lead a volunteer National Guard battalion which fought at Valmy and Jemappes in 1792. He earned promotion to general officer after distinguishing himself at the Siege of Valenciennes and saving a representative from an angry mob. He won such favor with the politicians and the war office that he was rapidly catapulted into command of an army in the War in the Vendée. After the capable battalion leader demonstrated his total unfitness for the post of army commander, he was just as quickly arrested and thrown into prison where he died, a probable suicide.
Körslaget 2010
Körslaget 2010 is the fourth season of TV4's entertainment show Körslaget. It premiered on 20 March 2010.  A feature of this season was Gabriel Forss's comment on each performance, and a choir was led by two contestants, Team Rongedal. It was also the first season to be aired on TV4 HD.

Marie Picasso
Marie Picasso (born Lilly Marie Pettersson on 24 April 1979) is a Swedish singer, host and model who first rose to fame as a housemate on the popular reality television show Big Brother, before going on to win the fourth series of the Swedish singing competition Idol.
Elgsnes Chapel
Elgsnes Chapel (Norwegian: Elgsnes kapell) is a chapel of the Church of Norway in Harstad Municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is located in the village of Elgsnes on the island of Hinnøya, just northwest of the town of Harstad. It is an annex chapel for the Trondenes parish which is part of the Trondenes prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The brown, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1985 using plans drawn up by the architect Ivar Tolo who was hired by Edvard Ruud. The church seats about 100 people.

The chapel was built as a memorial Hans Egede, the famous 17th-century missionary to Greenland who was from this part of Trondenes. As such, the chapel is often called Hans Egedes minne (Hans Egede's memorial).

Trondenes
Trondenes is a neighborhood and parish in the town of Harstad in Harstad Municipality in Troms county, Norway. The area is located on the northern end of the town, on a peninsula in the Vågsfjorden. The village is notable for the Trondenes Fort at the northern tip of the peninsula as well as the medieval Trondenes Church.
Marlowe Creek
Marlowe Creek is a stream in Worth County in the U.S. state of Missouri.  It is a tributary of the Middle Fork Grand River.

The stream headwaters arise about one-quarter mile south of the Missouri-Iowa state line at 40°33′55″N 94°24′37″W﻿ / ﻿40.56528°N 94.41028°W﻿ / 40.56528; -94.41028 at an elevation of approximately 1140 feet. The stream flows to the southwest and south passing Grant City approximately four miles north of its confluence with the Middle Fork at 40°25′50″N 94°26′29″W﻿ / ﻿40.43056°N 94.44139°W﻿ / 40.43056; -94.44139 and an elevation of 912 feet.

A variant name was "Marlow Creek". The stream bears the name of a local minister.

Grand River (Missouri)
The Grand River is a river that stretches from northernmost tributary origins between Creston and Winterset in Iowa approximately 226 miles (364 km) to its mouth on the Missouri River near Brunswick, Missouri.

Its watershed of 7,900 square miles (20,000 km2), with three-quarters in Missouri, makes it the largest watershed serving the Missouri River in northern Missouri.
Blackheath railway station, New South Wales
Blackheath railway station is a heritage-listed former railway bridge and now railway station located on the Main Western line in Blackheath in the City of Blue Mountains local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was designed and built by NSW Government Railways and built from 1897 to 1985. It is also known as the Blackheath Railway Station Group. The property was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999. The station opened on 28 December 1869.

Awning
An awning or overhang is a secondary covering attached to the exterior wall of a building. It is typically composed of canvas woven of acrylic, cotton or polyester yarn, or vinyl laminated to polyester fabric that is stretched tightly over a light structure of aluminium, iron or steel, possibly wood or transparent material (used to cover solar thermal panels in the summer, but that must allow as much light as possible in the winter). The configuration of this structure is something of a truss, space frame or planar frame. Awnings are also often constructed of aluminium understructure with aluminium sheeting. These aluminium awnings are often used when a fabric awning is not a practical application where snow load as well as wind loads may be a factor.
2014 referendum
There were several referendums in 2014

2014 Bulgarian electoral code referendum

2014 Danish Unified Patent Court membership referendum

2014 Egyptian constitutional referendum

2014 Kraków referendum

2014 Liechtenstein pensions referendum

2014 Lithuanian land sales referendum

2014 Northern Cyprus constitutional referendum

2014 Sammarinese referendum

2014 Slovenian archives law referendum

2014 Swiss referendums

2014 Yemeni constitutional referendum

2014 independence referendum
2014 Catalan independence referendum
2014 Crimean status referendum
2014 Donbass status referendums
2014 Iraqi Kurdistan independence referendum
2014 Scottish independence referendum
2014 Venetian independence referendum

2014 Slovenian archives law referendum
A referendum on the archive law was held in Slovenia on 8 June 2014. Voters were asked whether they were in favor of the amendments to the law that were passed in January 2014. The amendments were rejected by 67% of voters, although the referendum was invalidated by "no" voters accounting for only 7.79% of all registered voters, well below the 20% quorum.
Battle of Mantinea (207 BC)
The Battle of Mantinea was fought in 207 BC between Sparta under the tyrant Machanidas, as part of the Aetolian League, and the Achaean League whose forces were led by Philopoemen. Both sides were supplemented by mercenaries. It was the major land battle in Greece of the First Macedonian War, which had occurred due to Macedonian alliance with Carthage in the aftermath of Hannibal's victory at the Battle of Cannae in the Second Punic War.

Machanidas and his mercenaries routed Philopoemen's mercenaries and chased them from the field. They pursued too eagerly. When Machanidas led his men back to the main battle the outnumbered Spartan infantry had been defeated and the Achaeans had entrechnced themselves behind a water filled ditch. Leading his men in an assault on the Achaeans, Machanidas fell from his horse as he attempted to leap over the ditch and was slain. The Achaeans, allies of Macedonia, were victorious.

First Macedonian War
The First Macedonian War (214–205 BC) was fought by Rome, allied (after 211 BC) with the Aetolian League and Attalus I of Pergamon, against Philip V of Macedon, contemporaneously with the Second Punic War (218–201 BC) against Carthage.  There were no decisive engagements, and the war ended in a stalemate.

During the war, Macedon attempted to gain control over parts of Illyria, but without success. It is commonly thought that these skirmishes in the east prevented Macedon from aiding the Carthaginian general Hannibal in the war with Rome. The Peace of Phoenice (205 BC) formally ended the war.
Eurodif
Eurodif, which means European Gaseous Diffusion Uranium Enrichment Consortium, is a subsidiary of the French company Orano, which operates a uranium enrichment plant, called the Georges-Besse plant, established at the Tricastin Nuclear Power Center in Pierrelatte in Drôme. The nuclear site of Pierrelatte includes many nuclear installations, of which the largest are the Eurodif fuel factory and the Tricastin nuclear power station.

Enriched uranium is the preferred fuel for light water reactors, a common nuclear power technology.

Orano
Orano SA is a French multinational nuclear fuel cycle corporation headquartered in Châtillon, Hauts-de-Seine. The company is engaged in uranium mining, conversion-enrichment, spent fuel recycling, nuclear logistics, dismantling, and nuclear cycle engineering activities. It was created in 2017 as a result of restructuring and recapitalizing of the nuclear conglomerate Areva. Orano is majority owned by the French state. As of September 2021, Orano is the second largest uranium producer in the world with 9% share in global uranium production.
Diana Al Shaer
Diana Al Shaer (born 14 February 1987) is a Russian-born Palestinian dressage rider and Cultural diplomat. She represented Palestine at the 2022 World Equestrian Games in Herning where she competed in the individual dressage competition with Unazalee de Massa. By doing so, she became the second Palestinian to compete at the World Equestrian Games after Christian Zimmermann, and the first Arab woman at the Dressage World Championships.

Christian Zimmermann
Christian Zimmermann (né Brühe) (born 12 December 1961 in Cologne, Germany) is a German-born Palestinian Olympic dressage rider. He represented Palestine at the 2014 World Equestrian Games in Normandy where he finished 68th in the individual dressage competition with Cinco de Mayo. By doing so, he became the first Palestinian to compete at the World Equestrian Games.
FC Telavi
FC Telavi (Georgian: საფეხბურთო კლუბი თელავი) is a Georgian professional football club based in the city of Telavi, Kakheti. Following the 2025 season, they were relegated to Erovnuli Liga 2, the second tier of Georgian football.

In the early 2020s, Telavi spent successive six seasons in the top division.

While the municipal stadium named after Givi Chokheli awaits a thorough reconstruction, Telavi use Kavkasioni Arena as their home ground.

FC Guria Lanchkhuti
FC Guria (Georgian: საფეხბურთო კლუბი გურია) is a Georgian association football club from Lanchkhuti. Following the 2025 season, they were promoted to Liga 3, the third tier of the national league.

Being one of the strongest Georgian teams in the late 1980s and early 1990s, Guria played in the Soviet Top league and also won the national cup. They later played fifteen seasons in the Umaglesi Liga, twice claiming silver medals.

The team plays their home matches at the Evgrapi Shevardnadze Stadium.
Hyperbolic metric space
In mathematics, a hyperbolic metric space is a metric space satisfying certain metric relations (depending quantitatively on a nonnegative real number δ) between points. The definition, introduced by Mikhael Gromov, generalizes the metric properties of classical hyperbolic geometry and of trees. Hyperbolicity is a large-scale property, and is very useful to the study of certain infinite groups called Gromov-hyperbolic groups.

Small cancellation theory
In the mathematical subject of group theory, small cancellation theory studies groups given by group presentations satisfying small cancellation conditions, that is where defining relations have "small overlaps" with each other. Small cancellation conditions imply algebraic, geometric and algorithmic properties of the group. Finitely presented groups satisfying sufficiently strong small cancellation conditions are word hyperbolic and have word problem solvable by Dehn's algorithm. Small cancellation methods are also used for constructing Tarski monsters, and for solutions of Burnside's problem.