hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Macular pigment optical density
Macular pigment optical density (MPOD) is the concentration of pigment in the macula, the central region of the retina. Macular pigment absorbs short-wavelength blue light and may reduce oxidative stress in the retina through its antioxidant properties. Primarily two carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin, with smaller amounts of meso-zeaxanthin, these pigments come from foods like green leafy vegetables and yellow or orange fruits and are deposited in the macula lutea, a retinal area responsible for high-acuity vision. In research on visual function and ocular health, studies examine its association with conditions such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and other retinal disorders.

Meso-Zeaxanthin
Meso-zeaxanthin (3R,3′S-zeaxanthin) is a xanthophyll carotenoid, and is one of the three stereoisomers of zeaxanthin. The meso- form is the second most abundant in nature, after 3R,3′R-zeaxanthin, which is produced by plants and algae. Meso-zeaxanthin has been identified in specific tissues of marine organisms and in the macula lutea, also known as the "yellow spot" of the human retina.
VIP Road, Visakhapatnam
17°43′36″N 83°18′59″E﻿ / ﻿17.726555°N 83.316261°E﻿ / 17.726555; 83.316261

VIP Road is a major commercial road in the Indian city of Visakhapatnam. it connects to Siripuram to Resapuvanipalem. There are so many shopping hubs and restaurants  are located in VIP Road like Pantaloons Fashion & Retail, Shoppers Stop, Paradise Biryani.

Siripuram, Visakhapatnam
Siripuram is an urban commercial center in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. Visakhapatnam Metropolitan Region Development Authority administrative office is located here. There are many buildings landmark to this area.
2023 Athens municipal election
The 2023 Athens Municipal election was held on 8 October and 15 October 2023 to elect the mayor of Athens as a part of the 2023 Greek Local elections. The first round was inconclusive, and a second round run-off took place a week later, between the two candidates having the most votes, the incumbent Kostas Bakoyannis from conservative New Democracy (ND) party and Haris Doukas from social democratic PASOK party.

In the second round, PASOK candidate Haris Doukas defeated the incumbent Kostas Bakoyiannis. This victory was achieved with the unified backing of Syriza, Volt, the Pirate Party, and other green parties. As a result, Doukas secured an absolute 3/5 majority in the municipal council under the new electoral law.

Antarsya
The Anticapitalist Left Cooperation for the Overthrow (Greek: Αντικαπιταλιστική Αριστερή Συνεργασία για την Ανατροπή, romanized: Antikapitalistiki Aristeri Synergasia gia tin Anatropi), better known domestically by the abbreviation ANTARSYA (ΑΝΤΑΡΣΥΑ), is a coalition of radical-left political organisations in Greece.
Dębska Kuźnia
Dębska Kuźnia [ˈdɛmpska ˈkuʑɲa] (German: Dembiohammer) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chrząstowice in Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It is approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Chrząstowice and 13 km (8 mi) east of the regional capital Opole.

Chrząstowice, Opole Voivodeship
Chrząstowice [xʂɔ̃stɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Chrząstowice, which has been officially bilingual in Polish and German since 2006.
Opening of regular sessions of the National Congress of Argentina
The Opening of regular sessions of the National Congress of Argentina (Spanish: Apertura de sesiones ordinarias del Congreso de la Nación Argentina) is a ceremony that takes place annually, on March 1. It is headed by the President of Argentina, who before both houses of the National Congress of Argentina, meeting jointly in Legislative Assembly. The president delivers a speech, detailing the state of the country and announcing bills that the executive power may send to the Congress in the coming year. These speeches are delivered in Cadena nacional. The most recent one took place on 1 March 2025, when Javier Milei opened the 143º regular sessions.

President of Argentina
The president of Argentina, officially known as the president of the Argentine Nation, is both head of state and head of government of Argentina. Under the national constitution, the president is also the chief executive of the federal government and commander-in-chief of the armed forces.

Throughout Argentine history, the office of head of state has undergone many changes, both in its title as in its features and powers. The current president Javier Milei was sworn into office on 10 December 2023. He succeeded Alberto Fernández.

The constitution of Argentina, along with several constitutional amendments, establishes the requirements, powers, and responsibilities of the president, the term of office and the method of election.
German submarine U-32 (S182)
U-32 (S182) is a Type 212A submarine of the German Navy, the second of her class to enter service.

U-32 was built by the German Submarine Consortium at the shipyards of Thyssen Nordseewerke of Emden and Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft at Kiel. She was launched on 4 December 2003, and was commissioned in a joint ceremony with her sister ship U-31 by the German Minister of Defence, Peter Struck, in Eckernförde on 19 October 2005. U-32 is propelled by one diesel engine and an electric motor driven by two fuel cells and features a cavitation-free screw, making her virtually undetectable. U-32 was the first non-nuclear submarine to stay submerged for two weeks.

Korvettenkapitän Michael Bornholt is U-32's commanding officer.

In March 2013, U-32 crossed the Atlantic Ocean to participate in exercises on the east coast of the United States. During the journey, the submarine remained submerged for 18 days, the longest of any German submarine at the time.

Type 212A submarine
The Type 212A is a class of diesel-electric attack submarine developed by Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft AG (HDW) for the German Navy (German: U-Boot-Klasse 212 A), and the Italian Navy where it is known as the Todaro class. It features diesel propulsion and an additional air-independent propulsion (AIP) system using Siemens proton-exchange membrane (PEM) compressed hydrogen fuel cells. The submarines can operate at high speed on diesel power or switch to the AIP system for silent slow cruising, staying submerged for up to three weeks with little exhaust heat.

The Type 212 is the first fuel cell propulsion system equipped submarine series.
Lahore Bar Association
The Lahore Bar Association is a professional organization of lawyers in Lahore, Pakistan. Its members historically played a major role in the Pakistani independence movement. It is the biggest Bar in Asia

The Lahore Bar Association's incumbent President is Irfan Hayat Bajwa, Senior Advocate Supreme Court. He is affiliated with Professional Group of lawyers which is headed by Senator Hamid Khan.

Manzur Qadir
Manzur Qadir (Urdu: منظور قادر; 28 November 1913 – 12 October 1974) was a Pakistani jurist and politician who served as the Foreign Minister of Pakistan in the military government of Ayub Khan from 1958 to 1962. Manzur Qadir served as the Chief Justice of Lahore High Court from 1962–1963.

He was the son of Sir Abdul Qadir. He married Asghari, a daughter of Fazli Husain, a political leader of Punjab, British India. This was Asghari's second marriage. After his demise, his associate Ijaz Husain Batalvi  annually organized Mazur Qadir memorial lectures attended by hundred of thousands lawyers and judges, this practice was continued by his associate Akhtar Aly Kureshy for Ijaz Husain Batalvi memorial.

In 1962, Qadir served as the chairman of the constitutional committee which eventually formulated Constitution of Pakistan of 1962 which introduced a Presidential form of government.
Are You Ready for More?
Are You Ready for More? The Go! Team Australian Tour EP is an EP released by The Go! Team in 2005. Aside from "Bottle Rocket", none of the tracks from this EP are included in the original release of the band's debut album Thunder, Lightning, Strike, though in the expanded re-release both "Hold Yr Terror Close" and "We Just Won't Be Defeated" were included. The version of "Bottle Rocket" on this EP is a single version, and differs slightly from the one on the album.

Thunder, Lightning, Strike
Thunder, Lightning, Strike is the debut studio album by English band The Go! Team. It was initially released on label Memphis Industries on 13 September 2004, but was reworked to avoid legal issues with samples, and re-released in October 2005.
Upton Warren
Upton Warren is a village and civil parish in the Wychavon district, in Worcestershire, England.  The village is situated just off the A38 road between Bromsgrove and Droitwich Spa, and on the River Salwarpe.  In the 2001 census, the parish, which also contains the small hamlet of Cooksey Green, had a population of 291.

The village, in the south-east corner of the parish, is situated between two major roads, the M5 motorway to the west and the A38 to the east and south.

East of the village, on the boundary with Dodderhill, is the Worcestershire Wildlife Trust's Christopher Cadbury Wetland Reserve, a nature reserve and a popular location for birdwatching.  The reserve consists of several pools created by subsidence as a result of brine extraction in the area.

Dodderhill
Dodderhill is a civil parish, near Droitwich, Worcestershire, England, located on  the River Salwarpe. The parish is bisected by the M5 motorway, constructed in 1962. It is home to the Droitwich transmitting station in Wychbold.
Interactive Scenario Builder
Interactive Scenario Builder (Builder) is a modeling and simulation, three-dimensional application developed by the Advanced Tactical Environmental Simulation Team (ATEST) at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) that aids in understanding radio frequency (RF) and electro-optical/infrared (EO/IR) propagation.

Military operation
A military operation (op) is the coordinated military actions of a state, or a non-state actor, in response to a developing situation. These actions are designed as a military plan to resolve the situation in the state or actor's favor. Operations may be of a combat or non-combat nature and may be referred to by a code name for the purpose of national security. Military operations are often known for their more generally accepted common usage names than their actual operational objectives.
1972 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship final
The 1972 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship final was a hurling match that was played to determine the winners of the 1972 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship, the 9th season of the All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship, a tournament organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association for the champion teams of the four provinces of Ireland. The final was contested by Galway of Connacht and Dublin of Leinster, with Galway winning by 2-9 to 1-10.

The All-Ireland final between Galway and Dublin was the first championship meeting between the two teams. Both sides were hoping to win their first All-Ireland title.

Galway's All-Ireland victory was their first. They became the fourth team since its inception to win the championship.

Dublin's run of bad luck in All-Ireland finals continued. This was their second All-Ireland final defeat in six seasons.

1972 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship
The 1972 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship was the 9th staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1964.

Cork were the defending champions, however, they were defeated by Clare in the Munster quarter-final.

On 10 September 1972, Galway won the championship following a 2-9 to 1-10 defeat of Dublin in the All-Ireland final. This was their first All-Ireland title in the under-21 grade.
IC 444
IC 444 is a deep-sky object in the constellation of Gemini. It is commonly identified with LBN 840, a small, 32 square arcminute reflection nebula close to the stars 10 Geminorum, 11 Geminorum and 12 Geminorum.

Reflection nebula
In astronomy, reflection nebulae are clouds of interstellar dust which might reflect the light of a nearby star or stars. The energy from the nearby stars is insufficient to ionize the gas of the nebula to create an emission nebula, but is enough to give sufficient scattering to make the dust visible. Thus, the frequency spectrum shown by reflection nebulae is similar to that of the illuminating stars. Among the microscopic particles responsible for the scattering are carbon compounds (e. g. diamond dust) and compounds of other elements such as iron and nickel. The latter two are often aligned with the galactic magnetic field and cause the scattered light to be slightly polarized.
Lihme
Lihme is a village in Skive Municipality, Central Denmark Region in Denmark. It is located 12 km west of Balling, 24 km southwest of Roslev and 20 km west of Skive.

Lihme Church from about 1100 is located in the village. It is one of the oldest Romanesque village churches in Denmark consecrated to Sct. Vincentius in 1176.

Balling, Denmark
Balling is a town, with a population of 1,154 (1 January 2025), in Skive Municipality, Central Denmark Region in Denmark. It is situated on the Salling peninsula 34 km northeast of Holstebro and 12 km northwest of Skive.

Balling Church is located north of the town. It is built of ashlar and consist of a Romanesque chancel and nave with three extensions.
Philosophy of Time Society
The Philosophy of Time Society is an organization which grew out of a National Endowment for the Humanities Summer Seminar on the Philosophy of Time offered by George N. Schlesinger in 1991. The organization itself was formed in 1993. Its stated goal is "to promote the study of the philosophy of time from a broad analytic perspective, and to provide a forum as an affiliated group with the American Philosophical Association, to discuss the issues in and related to the philosophy of time." The current President of the Society is Nina Emery.

The Philosophy of Time Society's meetings are held at the division meetings of the American Philosophical Association. In the past, they have included many notable scholars such as Craig Callender, L. A. Paul, Robin Le Poidevin, Ned Markosian, D. H. Mellor, John Perry, Theodore Sider, Michael Tooley, and Dean Zimmerman. Topics of papers have varied widely.

Philosophy of space and time
The philosophy of space and time is a branch of philosophy concerned with ideas about knowledge and understanding within space and time. Such ideas have been central to philosophy from its inception.

The philosophy of space and time was both an inspiration for and a central aspect of early analytic philosophy. The subject focuses on a number of basic issues, including whether time and space exist independently of the mind, whether they exist independently of one another, what accounts for time's apparently unidirectional flow, whether times other than the present moment exist, and questions about the nature of identity (particularly the nature of identity over time).
Parrot astrology
Parrot astrology or parakeet fortune-telling is a type of astrology traditionally practiced in the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh and by Indian Singaporeans. It involves using mainly rose-ringed and Alexandrine parakeets which are trained to pick up Tarot-like fortune cards.

Alexandrine parakeet
The Alexandrine parakeet (Psittacula eupatria), also known as the Alexandrine parrot, is a medium-sized parrot in the genus Psittacula of the family Psittaculidae, native to South Asia and Southeast Asia. It is named after Alexander the Great, who transported numerous birds from Punjab to various European and Mediterranean countries and regions, where they were prized by the royalty, nobility and warlords.

The Alexandrine parakeet has established feral populations in Turkey,
Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Iran, Pakistan, Germany, The Netherlands and Belgium where it lives alongside feral populations of its close relative, the rose-ringed parakeet (Psittacula krameri).
Mulligoor
Mulligoor is a village in the Kundah taluk of Nilgiris District of Tamil Nadu State, India. It is situated 10 kilometers away from sub-district headquarters Kundah and 30 kilometers from district headquarters Ooty. The main cultivation in Mulligoor is tea growing. This area surrounding Mulligoor is also very rich in wildlife.

The nearest railway station to Mulligoor is Lovedale which is located in and around 14.8 km distance.

Balacola ( 10 km ), Melur ( 10 km ), Nanjanad ( 11 km ), Kuruthukuli ( 14 km ), Lovedale ( 17 km ) are the nearby major villages to Mulligoor. Mulligoor is surrounded by Udhagamandalam Taluk towards North, Coonoor Taluk towards East, Attappadi Taluk towards South, Gudalur Taluk towards North.

Kuruthukuli
Kuruthukuli is a small village in Ooty, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu. Located in 10 km from the Ooty town, this village is already in the Guinness Book of Records for planting the most number of tree saplings by village people in a single day. Being just near the Parsons Valley, this village is a beautiful place to live in and to visit.
Bi-2
Bi-2 is a Belarusian pop-rock band, formed in 1988 in Babruysk, Belarusian SSR. During their career, Bi-2 achieved international success in Eastern Europe.

Bi-2 was named the Best Rock Act  at the MTV Russian Music Awards in 2007. They also received other Russian and international prizes, including ZD Awards and World Music Awards. In 2015, Bi-2 was named the best Russian rock band according to Music Box. Included in the Top Hit Music Awards Hall of Fame, along with such performers as Svetlana Loboda and Andrey Makarevich.

Participant of many Russian and European music festivals, including the festival “Christmas Meetings of Alla Pugacheva” and others.

In 2023, the band members emigrated to Israel.

Svetlana Loboda
Svetlana Serhiivna Loboda (Ukrainian: Світлана Сергіївна Лобода; Russian: Светлана Сергеевна Лобода, romanized: Svetlana Sergeyevna Loboda; born 18 October 1982), mononymously known as Loboda (often stylized in all-caps), is a Ukrainian singer and songwriter. During her career, Loboda has achieved international success in Eastern European countries. Winner of the ZD Awards and Bravo International Professional Music Awards.
Ukrainian Marine Corps
The Ukrainian Marine Corps (Ukrainian: Корпус морської піхоти України, lit. 'Corps of maritime infantry of Ukraine'), also known simply as the Ukrainian Marines (Ukrainian: Морська піхота України, romanized: Morska pikhota Ukrainy, lit. 'Marine Infantry of Ukraine'), is the maritime land force service branch of the Armed Forces of Ukraine since 2023, responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations. From its modern foundation in 1993 up to 2023 it constituted part of the Coastal Forces of the Ukrainian Navy. It is used as a component part of amphibious, airborne and amphibious-airborne operations, alone or in coordination with formations and units of the Ground Forces in order to capture parts of the seashore, islands, ports, fleet bases, coast airfields and other coast objects from the enemy. It can also be used to defend naval bases, vital shoreline areas, separate islands and coast objects, and security of hostile areas.

Dachne, Odesa Oblast
Dachne (Ukrainian: Дачне) is a village in Odesa Raion, Odesa Oblast (province) of Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Dachne rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Dachne was previously located in Biliaivka Raion until it was abolished and its territory was merged into Odesa Raion on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Odesa Oblast to seven.
2023–24 Premiership Rugby Cup
The 2023–24 Premiership Rugby Cup is the 51st season of England's national rugby union cup competition and the first under the new Premiership Rugby Cup format including clubs from both the Premiership and Championship. Exeter Chiefs are the reigning champions.

Gloucester would finish as the first ever Premiership Rugby Cup champions, defeating Leicester Tigers 23–13 in the final at Kingsholm on 15 March 2024.

Premiership Rugby Cup
The PREM Rugby Cup, formerly known as Premiership Rugby Cup, is an English rugby union knockout cup competition for teams in Premiership Rugby. For the 2023–24 and 2024–25 season RFU Championship teams also competed. It was created in 2018 to replace the Anglo-Welsh Cup after the withdrawal of the Welsh regions.
Fracking and radionuclides
Hydraulic fracturing is the propagation of fractures in a rock layer by pressurized fluid. Induced hydraulic fracturing or hydrofracking, commonly known as fracking, is a technique used to release petroleum, natural gas (including shale gas, tight gas and coal seam gas), or other substances for extraction, particularly from unconventional reservoirs. Radionuclides are associated with fracking in two main ways. Injection of man-made radioactive tracers, along with the other substances in hydraulic-fracturing fluid, is often used to determine the injection profile and location of fractures created by fracking. In addition, fracking releases naturally occurring heavy metals and radioactive materials from shale deposits, and these substances return to the surface with flowback, also referred to as wastewater.

Isotopes of scandium
Naturally-occurring scandium (21Sc) is composed of one stable isotope, 45Sc. Twenty-six radioisotopes have been characterized from 37Sc to 63Sc, with the most stable being 46Sc with a half-life of 83.76 days, 47Sc with a half-life of 3.3492 days, 48Sc at 43.67 hours, 44Sc at 4.042 hours, and 43Sc at 3.891 hours. All other radioisotopes isotopes have half-lives shorter than an hour, and the majority of these shorter than 15 seconds. This element also has 13 meta states with the most stable being 44m3Sc (t1/2 = 58.6 h); this is the lightest isotope with a long-lived isomer.

The primary decay mode at masses lower than the only stable isotope, 45Sc, is beta-plus or electron capture, and the primary mode at masses above it is beta-minus. The primary decay products at atomic weights below 45Sc are calcium isotopes and the primary products from higher atomic weights are titanium isotopes.

Scandium-44 has potential medical use for PET imaging.
Hemigomphus atratus
Hemigomphus atratus is a species of dragonfly of the family Gomphidae, 
known as the black vicetail. 
It is endemic to north-eastern Queensland, Australia, where it inhabits rainforest streams.

Hemigomphus atratus is a small, black and yellow dragonfly. 
Very little other information is known of this species, all of it coming from a single specimen found living at a freshwater stream near Tinaroo Dam, in north-eastern Queensland.

Gomphidae
The Gomphidae are a family of dragonflies commonly referred to as clubtails or club-tailed dragonflies. The family contains about 90 genera and 900 species found across North and South America, Europe, Asia, Australia, and Africa. The name refers to the club-like widening of the end of the abdomen (abdominal segments 7 through 9). However, this club is usually less pronounced in females and is entirely absent in some species.