hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Palek
Palek, also known as paleg or mineovaheng, is a traditional Filipino alcoholic drink from the Batanes Islands made from fermented sugarcane juice. It is flavored with ebony bark (Diospyros ferrea), which turns the drink black. It is traditionally served in a halved coconut shell and passed from one person to the next.

Diospyros ferrea
Diospyros ferrea, known as black ebony, is a tree in the ebony family, distributed in  Burma (Myanmar), Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Laos (Khammouan) and Taiwan (Hengchun Peninsula and Orchid Island).
Rubén Torres (footballer)
Rubén Darío Torres (born 26 October 1949) is a Venezuelan footballer. He played in three matches for the Venezuela national football team in 1975. He was also part of Venezuela's squad for the 1975 Copa América tournament.

1975 Copa América
The 1975 edition of the Copa América football tournament was played between 17 July and 28 October. The tournament saw many significant shifts to its format, such as changing its name from South American Championship to Copa América and altering from a round-robin tournament to incorporating a group stage, a knockout round, and a final. Additionally all ten CONMEBOL countries participated for the first time, with defending champions Uruguay receiving a bye into the semi-finals and the rest starting in the group stage. For this tournament there was also no fixed venue, and all matches were played throughout the year in each country.
Hyperolius protchei
Hyperolius protchei is a species of frog of questionable status in the family Hyperoliidae. Described more than a century ago, it is only known from its type locality, Landana, in the Cabinda Province of northern Angola. The holotype was originally deposited in Museo Bouvier and—if it survives at all—now presumably lies in the National Museum of Natural History, France. Hyperolius maestus might be a synonym of Hyperolius marmoratus.

The etymology of the specific name protchei is not known, but Beolens and colleagues suggest that this species is named for a certain Protche, taxidermist who also collected samples for the French National Museum of Natural History. Common name Rochebrune's reed frog has been proposed for this species.

National Museum of Natural History, France
In France, the National Museum of Natural History (French: Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle [myzeɔm nɑsjɔnal distwaʁ natyʁɛl]; MNHN) is the national natural history museum of France and a grand établissement of higher education part of Sorbonne University. The main museum, with four galleries,  is located in Paris, France, within the Jardin des Plantes on the left bank of the River Seine. It was formally founded in 1793, during the French Revolution, but was begun even earlier in 1635 as the royal garden of medicinal plants. The museum now has 14 sites throughout France.

Since the 2014 reform, it has been headed by a chairman, assisted by deputy managing directors. The Museum has a staff of approximately 2,350 members, including six hundred researchers. It is a member of the national network of naturalist collections (RECOLNAT).
Ossan's Love (2021 TV series)
Ossan's Love, also known as Ossan's Love HK, is a 2021 Hong Kong BL television drama produced by HK Television Entertainment for the broadcaster ViuTV. It is an adaptation of the 2018 Japanese television drama of the same name, a story about a young man who finds himself in a love triangle between his boss and his roommate. Both the original Japanese version and the Hong Kong adaptation are noted to be the first mainstream television dramas to feature gay romance as the central storyline in their respective regions.

HK Television Entertainment
HK Television Entertainment Company Limited (Chinese: 香港電視娛樂有限公司, or ViuTV) is a television service operator in Hong Kong, owned by Hong Kong billionaire Richard Li's PCCW. It operates through its subsidiary PCCW Media, which also owns the IPTV platform Now TV and runs the OTT service Viu.
Gradient method
In optimization, a gradient method is an algorithm to solve problems of the form

with the search directions defined by the gradient of the function at the current point. Examples of gradient methods are the gradient descent and the conjugate gradient.

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
ISO/IEC 18014
ISO/IEC 18014 Information technology — Security techniques — Time-stamping services is an international standard that specifies time-stamping techniques. It comprises four parts:

Part 1: Framework

Part 2: Mechanisms producing independent tokens

Part 3: Mechanisms producing linked tokens

Part 4: Traceability of time sources

Access token
In computer systems, an access token contains the security credentials for a login session and identifies the user, the user's groups, the user's privileges, and, in some cases, a particular application. In some instances, one may be asked to enter an access token (e.g. 40 random characters) rather than the usual password (it therefore should be kept secret just like a password).
2019 Limerick Premier Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 2019 Limerick Premier Intermediate Hurling Championship was the sixth staging of the Limerick Premier Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board in 2014.

On 26 October 2019, Blackrock won the championship after a 1–18 to 0–16 defeat of Kildimo/Pallaskenry in a final replay at the Gaelic Grounds. It was Blackrock's first championship title in this grade.

Gaelic Grounds
The Gaelic Grounds, known for sponsorship reasons as the TUS Gaelic Grounds, is the principal GAA stadium in the city of Limerick in Ireland. Home to the Limerick hurling and football teams, it has a capacity of 44,023.
Phyllis Baldino
Phyllis Baldino (born 1956)  is an American visual artist whose art engages in a conceptual practice that merges performance art, video art, sculpture, and installation in an exploration of human perception. Her single-channel videos are distributed by Electronic Arts Intermix in New York, NY. She currently lives and works in Brooklyn, New York.

Electronic Arts Intermix
Electronic Arts Intermix (EAI) is a nonprofit arts organization that is a resource for video and media art. An advocate of media art and artists since 1971, EAI's core program is the distribution and preservation of a collection of over 3,500 new and historical video works by artists. EAI has supported the creation, exhibition, distribution and preservation of video art, and more recently, digital art projects.

EAI supports artists through the distribution, preservation, exhibition and representation of their media artworks, and works closely with educators, curators, programmers and collectors to facilitate exhibitions, acquisitions and educational uses of media artworks. EAI provides access to video art within an educational and cultural framework.
Prize Playing
A Prize Playing was a test of martial skill popular in  Renaissance England with the London-based Corporation of Masters of the Noble Science of Defence.
It involved several dozen bouts against continually refreshing opponents, with little or no rest in between.

This practice was revived after a fashion in the late 17th century in the form of "Prize Fights", whence the term prizefighting for modern professional boxing.

Tudor period
In England and Wales, the Tudor period occurred between 1485 and 1603, including the Elizabethan era. The Tudor period coincides with the reign of the House of Tudor, which began with the accession of Henry VII and ended with the death of Elizabeth I.  Under the Tudor dynasty, art, architecture, trade, exploration, and commerce flourished. Historian John Guy (1988) argued that "England was economically healthier, more expensive, and more optimistic under the Tudors" than at any time since the ancient Roman occupation.
Skins series 3
Skins is a British teen drama created by father-and-son television writers Bryan Elsley and Jamie Brittain for Company Pictures. The third series began airing on E4 on 22 January 2009 and ended on 26 March 2009. This series sees the introduction of a new cast; it follows the lives of the second generation of sixth form students Effy Stonem, Pandora Moon, Thomas Tomone, James Cook, Freddie McClair, JJ Jones, Naomi Campbell, and twin sisters Emily and Katie Fitch.

Company Pictures
Company Pictures is a British television production company which has produced drama programming for many broadcasters. It was set up in 1998 by Charles Pattinson and George Faber, colleagues at BBC Films. Their first film was Morvern Callar, which was credited as a co-production with BBC Films as they had begun developing it while still employed there. In 2003 Company Pictures became part of All3Media.

In 2012, founders Pattinson and Faber left Company Pictures to set up another independent production company, and  John Yorke became managing director until 2015. He was succeeded by Michele Buck, former joint managing director of Mammoth Screen.

For both artistic and fiscal reasons, when producing the TV series The White Queen, Company Pictures entered into collaboration with a Flemish production house. This enabled them to film in the medieval cities of Ghent and Bruges, while receiving tax-breaks as a European co-production and for investment in Flanders.
Ernst August Wagner
Ernst August Wagner (22 September 1874 – 27 April 1938) was a German teacher with depression who became a mass murderer when on 4 September 1913 he killed his wife and four children by stabbing in Degerloch. He subsequently travelled to Mühlhausen an der Enz where he set several fires and shot 20 people, of whom at least nine died, before he was beaten unconscious by furious villagers and left for dead.

He was the first person in Württemberg to be found not guilty by reason of insanity after several psychiatric assessments had diagnosed him with paranoia. He was brought to an asylum in Winnenthal, where he wrote several plays and dramas. He died there of tuberculosis in 1938.

Ludwigsburg
Ludwigsburg (German pronunciation: [ˈluːtvɪçsˌbʊʁk] ⓘ) is a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) north of Stuttgart city centre, near the river Neckar. It is the largest and primary city of the Ludwigsburg district with about 94,000 inhabitants. It is situated within the Stuttgart Region, and the district is part of the administrative region (Regierungsbezirk) of Stuttgart.
Nicholas of Bray
Nicholas of Bray (or Nicolas de Brai) was a French clergyman and poet who wrote a Latin epic on the deeds of King Louis VIII of France (1223–1226), the Gesta Ludovici VIII.

Nicholas is probably to be identified with the Nicholas who is recorded as the dean of the collegiate chapter in Bray-sur-Seine in 1202. He dedicated the Gesta to William of Auvergne, bishop of Paris (1228–1249). The only copy of the Gesta today is a copy made by André Duchesne in the 17th century.

The Gesta is 1,870 lines long, but is incomplete as it stands. It centres around the siege of La Rochelle in 1224 and the siege of Avignon in 1226. One line suggests that he was present at Avignon. Nicholas imitates Ovid's Metamorphoses, introducing thereby much classical mythology, but still contains some useful information for the historian. On the whole, the Gesta reveals more about mores and customs than historical events.

Collegiate church
A collegiate church is a Christian church where the daily office of worship is maintained by a college of canons, a non-monastic or "secular" community of clergy, organised as a self-governing corporate body, headed by a dignitary bearing a title which may vary, such as dean or provost.

In its governance and religious observance, a collegiate church is similar in some respects to a cathedral, but a collegiate church is not the seat of a bishop and has no diocesan responsibilities.

Collegiate churches have often been supported by endowments, including lands, or by tithe income from appropriated benefices.

The  church building commonly provides both distinct spaces for congregational worship and for the choir offices of the canons.
Holga
The Holga is a medium format 120 film camera, made in Hong Kong, known for its low-fidelity aesthetic.

The Holga's low-cost construction and simple meniscus lens often yields pictures that display vignetting, blur, light leaks and other distortions. The camera's limitations have brought it a cult following among some photographers, and Holga photos have won awards and competitions in art and news photography. As of July 2017, the camera was in production after being unavailable for two years.

Distortion (optics)
In geometric optics, distortion is a deviation from rectilinear projection; a projection in which straight lines in a scene remain straight in an image. It is a form of optical aberration that may be distinguished from other aberrations such as spherical aberration, coma, chromatic aberration, field curvature, and astigmatism in a sense that these impact the image sharpness without changing an object shape or structure in the image (e.g., a straight line in an object is still a straight line in the image although the image sharpness may be degraded by the mentioned aberrations) while distortion can change the object structure in the image (so named as distortion).
Kenyon Wright
Canon Kenyon Edward Wright CBE (31 August 1932 – 11 January 2017) was a priest of the Scottish Episcopal Church and a political campaigner. Wright chaired the Scottish Constitutional Convention (1989–1999), which laid the groundwork for the creation of the devolved Scottish Parliament in 1999.

Coventry Cathedral
The Cathedral Church of Saint Michael, commonly known as Coventry Cathedral, is the seat of the Bishop of Coventry and the Diocese of Coventry within the Church of England. The cathedral is located in Coventry, West Midlands, England.

The city has had three cathedrals. The first was St Mary's, a monastic building, from 1102 to 1539, of which only a few ruins remain. The second was St Michael's, a 14th-century Gothic church designated as a cathedral in 1918, which remains a ruined shell after its bombing during the Second World War, apart from its tower and spire, which rise to 284 feet (87 metres). The third, consecrated in 1962, is the new St Michael's Cathedral, built immediately adjacent to the ruins and tower of the former cathedral – together forming both a symbol of war-time destruction and barbarity, and also of peace and reconciliation.
Eastern Temperate Freshwater Wetlands
Eastern Temperate Freshwater Wetlands are an azonal freshwater wetland vegetation type occurring mainly in the eastern interior of South Africa. Classified as unit AZf 3 in the national vegetation map, these wetlands are associated with valley bottoms, floodplains, pans, and poorly drained depressions across parts of Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Free State, and KwaZulu-Natal.

The vegetation is dominated by hydrophilic grasses, sedges, and rushes adapted to seasonal or permanent waterlogging. Common species include Phragmites australis, Typha capensis, and various Cyperus and Juncus species. These wetlands provide habitat for amphibians, waterbirds, and aquatic invertebrates, and play an important role in flood attenuation and water purification.

Free State (province)
The Free State is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Bloemfontein, which is also South Africa's judicial capital. Its historical origins lie in the Boer republic called the Orange Free State and later the Orange Free State Province.
The Prophet: The Best of the Works
The Prophet: The Best of the Works is a bootleg compilation album by American rapper 2Pac, released in 2003 by Death Row Records. The album includes several songs from All Eyez on Me, The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory and Thug Life: Volume 1.

Thug Life, Volume I
Thug Life, Volume I is the only studio album by the American hip-hop group Thug Life. The album was released on September 26, 1994, by Interscope Records and Out da Gutta Records and distributed by Atlantic Records. The group, started by American rapper 2Pac, comprised 2Pac, his stepbrother Mopreme Shakur, and Stretch, who was heavily involved in 2Pac's previous two albums, Big Syke, The Rated R, and Macadoshis.

The album features guest appearances by Y.N.V. and Nate Dogg and production by Thug Music, comprising 2Pac and Stretch, Stretch himself, Professor Jay, Johnny "J", Warren G, and Easy Mo Bee. Since 1998, the album has been reissued by Amaru Entertainment. The album debuted at number 42 on the Billboard 200 and was certified gold by Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).
Mandy Johnstone
Amanda Ann Johnstone (born 30 September 1972) is an Australian politician who was a Labor Party member of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland from 2009 to 2012 representing Townsville. Mandy Johnstone is also the first female politician elected to the seat of Townsville.

Before entering parliament, Johnstone unsuccessfully ran as a Labor candidate in the 2008 Townsville City Council election.

Queensland Labor Party
The Queensland Labor Party, officially known as the Australian Labor Party (State of Queensland) and commonly referred to as Queensland Labor or simply Labor, is the branch of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) in the state of Queensland. It has functioned in the state since the 1880s. The Queensland branch of the Australian Labor Party was the first Labour Party to win government in the world, when, in December 1899, following the resignation of the Dickson ministry, Queensland Labour leader Anderson Dawson accepted an offer by Lieutenant-Governor Samuel Griffith to form a government.
Zinda
Zinda is a Persian word meaning "live". It is also used in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic, Bengali, Hindi and Urdu and can refer to:

Zinda Magazine, an online magazine serving the Syriac-speaking ethnic Assyrian Christian community

Zinda (film), a 2006 Bollywood film

Lady Blackhawk (Zinda Blake), a DC Comics character and member of The Blackhawks and Birds of Prey

"Zinda" (song), a song from the 2013 Hindi biographical drama Bhaag Milkha Bhaag

Zinda (song)
"Zinda" (transl. Alive) is a song from the soundtrack Bhaag Milkha Bhaag of the 2013 Hindi biographical drama of the same name. The song was composed by Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy and performed by Siddharth Mahadevan, son of Shankar Mahadevan, who made his bollywood singing debut through this song. The lyrics of the song were penned by Prasoon Joshi.
Kazimierz Rudzki
Kazimierz Rudzki (6 January 1911, in Warsaw, Poland – 2 February 1976, in Warsaw) was a Polish stage and film actor, theatre director.

Studied directing at Państwowy Instytut Sztuki Teatralnej. Actor of Syrena Theatre (also director), National Theatre and Współczesny Theatre. Popular presenter on Polish Radio and Polish Television, compère of satirical theatres (cabarets): Kabaret Szpak, Kabaret Wagabunda, Kabaret Pod Egidą and others. Professor at Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Teatralna.

National Theatre, Warsaw
The National Theatre (Teatr Narodowy) in Warsaw, Poland, was founded in 1765, during the Polish Enlightenment, by that country's monarch, Stanisław August Poniatowski. The theatre shares the Grand Theatre complex at Theatre Square in Warsaw with another national venue, Poland's National Opera.
Brooke Stockham
Brooke Stockham (born 20 April 1982) is an Australian Paralympic swimmer.  She was born in Townsville.  She won three bronze medals at the 2000 Sydney Games in the Women's 100 m Breaststroke SB8, Women's 200 m Medley SM8 and Women's 4x100 m Medley 34 pts events. At the 2004 Summer Paralympics she won another bronze medal in the Women's 4x100 m Medley 34 pts event.

2000 Summer Paralympics
The 2000 Summer Paralympic Games or the XI Summer Paralympics were held in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, between 18 and 29 October. The Sydney Paralympics was the last time that the Summer Paralympics were organised by two different Organizing Committees. In this edition, a record 3,801 athletes from 123 National Paralympic Committees participated in 551 events in 18 sports. The 2000 Summer Paralympics were the second largest sporting event ever until that date held in Australia and in the Southern Hemisphere. Sydney was the eighth city to jointly host the Olympic and Paralympic Games. However, it was only the fourth to jointly organise both events in complete conjunction with the Olympics. This edition was also the first time that the Paralympics were held in Australia and Oceania.
2014–15 Linafoot
The 2014–15 Linafoot season (known as the Vodacom Superligue 2014–15 for sponsorship reasons) is the 54th since its establishment. It began on 4 October 2014. A total of 20 clubs participate in the 2014–15 Linafoot.

Linafoot
The Illicocash Ligue 1 is the top division of the Congolese Association Football Federation, the governing body of football in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It was created in 1958.

In 2010 the competition was renamed the Vodacom Super League following the signing of a five-year sponsorship deal with communications company Vodacom.

In 2013, the highest Linafoot attendance was set in a match between AS Vita Club and DC Motema Pembe, which saw an attendance of 80,000 at the Stade des Martyrs. In 2025, the derby took place at the Stade Tata Raphaël in front of a crowd of 40,000.

As of 2025, TP Mazembe is the most successful Linafoot club with 20 titles, followed by AS Vita Club with 15 titles and DC Motema Pembe with 12 titles.
Zulfadli Zulkiffli
Zulfadli bin Zulkiffli (born 11 February 1993) is a Malaysian badminton player. He was the boys' singles gold medalist at the 2011 Asian and World Junior Championships, also at the Commonwealth Youth Games.

In 2018, Zulkiffli was found guilty by the Badminton World Federation and barred from all badminton-related activities for 20 years over match fixing violations.

Badminton at the 2011 Commonwealth Youth Games
Badminton was one of the seven events of 2011 Commonwealth Youth Games staged in the Isle of Man. There were five contests in the sport: boys' singles, boys' doubles, girls' singles, girls' doubles, and mixed doubles. Each Commonwealth Games Association could send up to two athletes (or two pairs) per event, for a maximum of four athletes per sex. The age of participating athletes was limited to the 14–18 years, so that only those born in 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996 or 1997 were eligible to take part.