hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Automorphism group
In mathematics, the automorphism group of an object X is the group consisting of automorphisms of X under composition of morphisms.  For example, if X is a finite-dimensional vector space, then the automorphism group of X is the group of invertible linear transformations from X to itself (the general linear group of X).  If instead X is a group, then its automorphism group  is the group consisting of all group automorphisms of X.

Especially in geometric contexts, an automorphism group is also called a symmetry group. A subgroup of an automorphism group is sometimes called a transformation group.

Automorphism groups are studied in a general way in the field of category theory.

Dimension (vector space)
In mathematics, the dimension of a vector space V is the cardinality (i.e., the number of vectors) of a basis of V over its base field. It is sometimes called Hamel dimension (after Georg Hamel) or algebraic dimension to distinguish it from other types of dimension.

For every vector space there exists a basis, and all bases of a vector space have equal cardinality; as a result, the dimension of a vector space is uniquely defined. We say  is finite-dimensional if the dimension of  is finite, and infinite-dimensional if its dimension is infinite.

The dimension of the vector space  over the field  can be written as  or as  read "dimension of  over ". When  can be inferred from context,  is typically written.
Erick Onasis
Def Squad Presents Erick Onasis is the third solo studio album by American rapper and record producer Erick Sermon. It was released on June 27, 2000, via DreamWorks Records.

The recording sessions took place at L.I.T.E. Recording Studios in Long Island, Mirror Image Recorders and Masterdisk in New York, and Urban House Studios, Inc. in Atlanta. The album was produced by Sermon, DJ Scratch, Redman, and Suave House Productions, Inc. It features guest appearances from Khari, Redman, Sy Scott, Big Kim, Billy Billions, Boe & Ruck, Dave Hollister, DJ Quik, Eazy-E, Ja Rule, Keith Murray, Noah, Nolan Epps, Peter Moore, PMD, Slick Rick, Too $hort, and Xzibit. It also features the recording debut of rapper Rick Ross, who went by his original name Teflon da Don.

The album peaked at number 53 on the Billboard 200 and number 15 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts in the United States. It was supported with three singles: "Focus", "Get da Money" and "Why Not".

DJ Quik
David Marvin Blake (born January 18, 1970), better known by his stage names DJ Quik or Da Quiksta, is an American rapper and record producer from Compton, California, known for his production in the G-funk style of West Coast hip-hop. Blake has collaborated with Snoop Dogg, Kurupt, Tupac, Chingy, R. Kelly and Shaquille O'Neal, among others. As a recording artist himself, he is perhaps best known for his 1991 single "Tonite", which reached the top 50 of the Billboard Hot 100. Blake's stage name refers to his ability of producing songs in a short period of time.
North End Stadium
North End Stadium is a multi-use stadium in East London, Eastern Cape, South Africa. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Bush Bucks and Birmingham City of South Africa.

In March 2019, Tornados F.C. owner Siphiwo "Mawawa" Nyobo was shot and killed outside the stadium.

Bush Bucks F.C.
Bush Bucks is a South African soccer club.  The club was founded in 1957 and originally based in Mthatha in the Eastern Cape. In 2001, the team moved to East London. It was nicknamed Imbabala (The Bucks).
Andy Warhol's Velvet Underground Featuring Nico
Andy Warhol's Velvet Underground featuring Nico is a compilation album of the Velvet Underground released by MGM Records in 1971 that features selections from the band's first three studio albums. Originally released as a double LP, the cover artwork and inside gatefold sleeve feature imitations of Andy Warhol's paintings of Coca-Cola bottles, but are credited to other artists on the back sleeve of the album. The album was released in the UK to capitalise on the interest from Warhol's Pork.

Andy Warhol's Pork
Andy Warhol's Pork (also known as Pork) is a 1971 play by Andy Warhol. It was directed by Anthony Ingrassia, produced by Ira Gale, and stage-managed by Leee Black Childers. Warhol's private conversations with Brigid Polk served as the basis for the play Pork, which featured exaggerated depictions of Warhol and the Factory crowd.
North Hobart Cricket Club
North Hobart Cricket Club  also known as the "Demons" represent North Hobart in Tasmania's Grade Cricket Competition.

North Hobart Cricket Club was founded in 1905, and won the "A Grade" competition in their first season, quickly establishing themselves as a powerful club in the TCA competition winning more 1st grade premierships than any other TCA club. Their home ground is the TCA ground which is located on the Queens Domain.

NHCC have won 20 TCA Premierships, The most recent premierships was in the 2009/2010 season where the team won the 50 over 20/20 and the two-day premiership beating a strong University team that contained Tim Paine, James Faulkner, Jason Krejza, Rhett Lockyear and Graeme Cunningham beating them comfortable every time, in that year North Hobart created history to become the first team to win all three competitions in a season.

James Faulkner (cricketer)
James Peter Faulkner (born 29 April 1990) is an Australian former international cricketer who played for the Australian cricket team from 2013 to 2017 and currently in domestic cricket for Tasmania. An all-rounder, Faulkner is known for his aggressive batting in the middle order, and for his bowling at the end of limited-overs innings.

He was a prominent member of the victorious Australian squad at the 2015 Cricket World Cup and was Player of the Match in the tournament final.
Charles Johnston (representative)
Charles Johnston (February 14, 1793 – September 1, 1845) was a U.S. Representative from New York.

Johnston was born in Salisbury, Connecticut, and attended the common schools.  He moved to Poughkeepsie, New York, He studied law, was admitted to the bar and practiced in Poughkeepsie.

Johnston was elected as a Whig to the 26th Congress (March 4, 1839 – March 3, 1841).  He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1840 to the 27th Congress.

After leaving Congress, Johnston resumed practicing law.

He died in Poughkeepsie on September 1, 1845.  He was originally interred in the burying ground of Christ Episcopal Church.  In 1861 he was reburied at Poughkeepsie Rural Cemetery.

26th United States Congress
The 26th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1839, to March 4, 1841, during the third and fourth years of Martin Van Buren's presidency.  The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1830 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.
Euphrasia cambrica
Euphrasia cambrica, commonly called the Welsh eyebright, is a plant from the genus Euphrasia, in the family Orobanchaceae. It is endemic to North Wales where it occurs on mountains in the vice-counties of Caernarfonshire and Merionethshire.

Orobanchaceae
Orobanchaceae, the broomrapes, is a family of mostly parasitic plants of the order Lamiales, with about 90 genera and more than 2000 species. Many of these genera (e.g., Pedicularis, Rhinanthus, Striga) were formerly included in the family Scrophulariaceae sensu lato. With its new circumscription, Orobanchaceae forms a distinct, monophyletic family. From a phylogenetic perspective, it is defined as the largest crown clade containing Orobanche major and relatives, but neither Paulownia tomentosa nor Phryma leptostachya nor Mazus japonicus.

The Orobanchaceae are annual herbs or perennial herbs or shrubs, and most (all except Lindenbergia, Rehmannia and Triaenophora) are parasitic on the roots of other plants—either holoparasitic or hemiparasitic (fully or partly parasitic). The holoparasitic species lack chlorophyll and therefore cannot perform photosynthesis.
2024 in paleoichthyology
This list of fossil fish research presented in 2024 is a list of new fossil taxa of jawless vertebrates, placoderms, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, and other fishes that were described during the year, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleoichthyology that occurred in 2024.

Campanian
The Campanian is the fifth of six ages of the Late Cretaceous epoch on the geologic timescale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). In chronostratigraphy, it is the fifth of six stages in the Upper Cretaceous Series. Campanian spans the time from 83.6 (± 0.2) to 72.2 (± 0.2) million years ago. It is preceded by the Santonian and it is followed by the Maastrichtian.

The Campanian was an age when a worldwide sea level rise covered many coastal areas. The morphology of some of these areas has been preserved: it is an unconformity beneath a cover of marine sedimentary rocks.
Clostridium ljungdahlii
Clostridium ljungdahlii is an anaerobic, rod-shaped, motile, endospore-forming, gram-positive bacterium. It is named after the Swedish biochemist Lars G. Ljungdahl. When originally harvested from the waste matter of animals, it tended to produce acetate with respect to ethanol, but a major undertaking to increase the ethanol-to-acetate ratio was initiated. A 1993 publication by researchers from the University of Arkansas, in cooperation with Oak Ridge National Laboratories, showed results from a series of continuous reactor studies caused a major change in the bacterium's preference for ethanol production, which increased from <0.1 g/L to 1.8 g/L in a continuous stirred tank reactor.

This species can ferment certain components of syngas into ethanol. It also possesses properties of electrosynthesis, producing acetate on cathodes.

Electrosynthesis
In electrochemistry, electrosynthesis is the synthesis of chemical compounds in an electrochemical cell. Compared to ordinary redox reactions, electrosynthesis sometimes offers improved selectivity and yields. In electrosynthesis, the reactants are activated in-situ using energy from an applied electric field. Electrosynthesis may be better aligned with principles of Green Chemistry compared to reactions using traditional stoichiometric reagents; they may improve energy efficiency, waste, safety or atom economy. However, it may still require hazardous solvents, electrolytes, conductivity aids, or sacrificial reagents, which must be considered. Electrosynthesis is actively studied as a science and also has industrial applications. Electrooxidation has potential for wastewater treatment as well.
Precision Tech Fergy
The Precision Tech Fergy F-II B is a two-seat side-by-side, conventional landing gear, strut-braced, high-wing, pusher configuration ultralight aircraft that was manufactured by Ferguson Aircraft and later Precision Tech Aircraft in kit form for amateur construction. The aircraft is out of production and no longer available.

Conventional landing gear
Conventional landing gear, also known as tailwheel-type landing gear or taildragger, is a type of aircraft undercarriage (landing gear) consisting of two wheeled main gears forward of the center of gravity and a small wheel or skid at the rear end under the tail boom.

Taildraggers are the default undercarriage arrangements of almost all early aircraft up to the first half of the 20th century and the term "conventional" persists for this historical reason, but all modern jet aircraft and most modern propeller fixed-wing aircraft use tricycle landing gears instead, which have a single front gear (nose gear) and two aft main gears.
Serra da Estrela (sheep)
The Serra da Estrela is a Portuguese breed of domestic sheep. It originates in the Serra da Estrela range of mountains in the Beiras e Serra da Estrela sub-region of east-central Portugal, and is distributed mainly in that area.: 128

It is reared primarily for its milk, which is used in the production of the Queijo Serra da Estrela, a cheese which has European Denominação de Origem Protegida ('protected designation of origin') status.

Sheep milk
Sheep milk is the milk of domestic sheep. It is commonly used to make cultured dairy products, such as cheese. Some of the most popular sheep cheeses include feta (Greece), pecorino romano (Italy), Roquefort (France) and Manchego (Spain).
North Point State Battlefield
North Point State Battlefield is a publicly owned historic preserve in Dundalk, Baltimore County, Maryland, that commemorates a portion of the site where the Battle of North Point was fought during the War of 1812. On September 12, 1814, Brigadier General John Stricker commanded forces of the Maryland Militia from within the park's borders. Stricker's men fought the invading British forces from behind a fenceline along the monument's eastern edge.

The 9-acre (3.6 ha) site opened to the public in 2015. Park features include wetlands, permeable parking and trail surfaces, boardwalks, and wildflower meadows. It is a satellite facility of North Point State Park, managed by the Maryland Department of Natural Resources.

Maryland Army National Guard
The Maryland Army National Guard (MD ARNG) is the United States Army component of the U.S. state of Maryland. It is headquartered at the old Fifth Regiment Armory at the intersection of North Howard Street, 29th Division Street, near Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard in Baltimore and has additional units assigned and quartered at several regional armories, bases/camps and other facilities across the state.
Phyllis Davis
Phyllis Ann Davis (July 17, 1940 – September 27, 2013) was an American actress who appeared primarily on television. She co-starred on the 1978–1981 dramatic detective series Vega$ as Beatrice Travis, office manager and girl Friday for the show's main character, Las Vegas private detective Dan Tanna, played by Robert Urich.

Friday (Robinson Crusoe)
Friday is one of the main characters of Daniel Defoe's 1719 novel Robinson Crusoe and its sequel The Farther Adventures of Robinson Crusoe. Robinson Crusoe names the man Friday, with whom he cannot at first communicate, because they first meet on that day. The character is the source of the expression "Man Friday", used to describe a male personal assistant or servant, especially one who is particularly competent or loyal.

It is possible that a Miskito pirate by the name of Will became the inspiration for the character Friday.
Willink
Willink is a Dutch toponymic surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abraham Willink (1920–1998), Dutch-Argentine entomologist

Arthur Willink (1850–1913), British theologian and clergyman

Carel Willink (1900–1983), Dutch painter

Charles Willink (1929–2009), English classical scholar, teacher and baronet, son of Henry

Henry Willink PC, MC, KC (1894–1973), British politician, public servant and baronet

Jocko Willink (born 1971), American podcaster, author and retired United States Navy SEAL

John Willink (1858–1927), Anglican Dean

Mathilde Willink (1938–1977), Dutch socialite and wife of Carel Willink

Wilhelm Ferdinand Willink van Collen (1847–1881), Dutch painter who funded an arts award

Willem Willink (1750–1841), Dutch merchant, investor in the Holland Land Company and the Louisiana Purchase

Herman Tjeenk Willink (born 1942), Dutch politician

Joram Willink (born 1975), Dutch film producer

John Willink
Christianity portal

John Wakefield Willink (24 October 1858 – 22 September 1927) was an Anglican dean in the first half of the 20th century.

Willink was educated at Clifton College and Pembroke College, Cambridge. Ordained in 1881, he held a curacy at Bishop Auckland before becoming Vicar of St John's, Sunderland. In 1891 he moved to St Helens and then held further incumbencies at Great Yarmouth  and St Martin in the Bull Ring, Birmingham. He became Dean of Norwich in 1919 and held the post until his death on 22 September 1927.
Cuddy (surname)
Cuddy is an Irish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Amy Cuddy (born 1972), American social psychologist

Alison Cuddy, American radio host

David Cuddy (born 1952), American businessman and Republican Party politician

Devin Cuddy (born 1987), Canadian singer-songwriter

Jim Cuddy (born 1955), Canadian singer-songwriter

Lola Cuddy (born 1939), Canadian music psychologist

P.J. Cuddy, hurling player with Laois and Camross

Paul Cuddy (born 1959), English footballer

Scott Cuddy, American politician

Susan Ahn Cuddy (1915–2015), the first female gunnery officer in the United States Navy

Thomas J. Cuddy, former chief of police in Los Angeles, California

Fictional characters include

Lisa Cuddy, in the television series House

Amy Cuddy
Amy Joy Casselberry Cuddy (born July 23, 1972) is an American social psychologist, author and speaker. She is a proponent of "power posing", a self-improvement technique whose scientific validity has been questioned. She has served as a faculty member at Rutgers University, Kellogg School of Management and Harvard Business School. Cuddy's most cited academic work involves using the stereotype content model that she helped develop to better understand the way people think about stereotyped people and groups. Though Cuddy left her tenure-track position at Harvard Business School in the spring of 2017, she continues to contribute to its executive education programs.
Greer Fire
The Greer Fire was a wildfire that burned in the Apache–Sitgreaves National Forests and threatened the town of Greer, Arizona. The fire burned 20,308 acres (8,218 ha), and was 100% contained on May 26, 2025. Greer was also severely affected by the Wallow Fire in 2011.

Greer, Arizona
Greer is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Apache County, Arizona, United States. Located within the White Mountains of Arizona and surrounded by the Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest, Greer is the highest town in the state at an elevation of approximately 8,400 feet (2,560 m). As of the 2020 census it had a population of 58. Greer was founded circa 1879 by Mormon settlers from Utah.  The Greer post office has the ZIP code of 85927.
Banstead Athletic F.C.
Banstead Athletic Football Club is a football club based in Tadworth, Surrey, England. The club are currently members of the Southern Counties East League Division One and play at Merland Rise in Tadworth. They are affiliated to the Surrey County Football Association.

Surrey County Football Association
The Surrey County Football Association was founded in 1877 and affiliated to The Football Association in 1882, at the same time as a County Senior Cup competition, the Surrey Senior Cup, was established.  The organisation administers all levels of men's, women's and junior football in the county of Surrey, as well as those parts of Greater London in historic Surrey lying more than 12 miles from Charing Cross.
Kil, Nacka Municipality
Kil is a locality situated on the island of Värmdö in Sweden's Stockholm archipelago. From an administrative perspective, it is located in Nacka Municipality and Stockholm County, and has 731 inhabitants as of 2010.

Nacka Municipality
Nacka Municipality (Swedish: Nacka kommun) is a municipality in Stockholm County in east-central Sweden. Its seat is located at Nacka. The municipality is situated just east of the Swedish capital, Stockholm, and its western parts are considered a suburban part of the city of Stockholm.

The present municipality was created in 1971 when the City of Nacka (itself instituted in 1949) was amalgamated with Saltsjöbaden (itself detached from "old" Nacka in 1909) and Boo.
Riverview Carousel at Six Flags Over Georgia
The Riverview Carousel at Six Flags Over Georgia is an antique carousel in Six Flags Over Georgia in Austell, Georgia.: 3  It was built in 1908 by the Philadelphia Toboggan Company (PTC) as Carousel No. 17 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.: 2–4  It contains four wood-carved chariots and 69 wood-carved carousel horses arranged in five rows around the carousel's center.: 3  The Riverview Carousel is one of only four 5-row carousels built by PTC and one of only two that survive, the other being the Prince Charming Regal Carrousel (PTC No. 46) in Magic Kingdom within Walt Disney World in Bay Lake, Florida.: 13

Bay Lake, Florida
Bay Lake is a city in Orange County, Florida, United States. The population was 29 at the 2020 census. It is named after a lake that lies east of Magic Kingdom. All four of the Walt Disney World Resort theme parks, and one of Walt Disney World's two water parks, are in Bay Lake, though all Disney parks in the region have mailing addresses in nearby Lake Buena Vista.

Bay Lake is one of two Florida municipalities inside the Central Florida Tourism Oversight District (formerly the Reedy Creek Improvement District) which also includes Walt Disney World, the other being Lake Buena Vista. Bay Lake is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Canton of Marignane
The canton of Marignane is an administrative division of the Bouches-du-Rhône department, in southeastern France. At the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015, it was expanded from 2 to 7 communes. Its seat is in Marignane.

It consists of the following communes:

Carry-le-Rouet

Châteauneuf-les-Martigues

Ensuès-la-Redonne

Gignac-la-Nerthe

Marignane

Le Rove

Sausset-les-Pins

Carry-le-Rouet
Carry-le-Rouet (French pronunciation: [kaʁi lə ʁwɛ]; Occitan: Carri lo Roet) or simply Carry is a commune in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southern France. It is a seaside resort 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Marseille, on the Côte Bleue, reached via motorway A55 then route D5, at the foot of pine-covered hills. It is part of the Aix-Marseille-Provence Metropolis.

Every February, Les Oursinades festival takes place, celebrating the consumption of sea urchins, various shellfish and other seafood.
Riley's First Date?
Riley's First Date? is a 2015 animated romantic comedy short film produced by Pixar Animation Studios. It was written and directed by Josh Cooley. The short premiered on August 14, 2015, at the D23 Expo in Anaheim, California, and was included in the October 13 Digital HD release of Inside Out (2015), as well as the November 3 Blu-ray release. Riley's First Date? follows the events of Inside Out and involves Riley's parents and their emotions, suspecting that Riley is going out on a date with a boy named Jordan.

D23 (Disney)
D23: The Official Disney Fan Club, also known as simply D23, is the official fan club for the Walt Disney Company. Founded in 2009, the organization is known mainly for its biennial exposition event, D23: The Ultimate Disney Fan Event (previously known as D23 Expo). The name D23 refers to D for Disney and 23 for 1923, which is the year Walt Disney founded the company.

Membership is in two levels: free and gold. Membership includes Disney twenty-three (a quarterly publication), yearly gifts, events, exclusive merchandise offers, and discount and early access to the Ultimate Disney Fan Event.