hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ramsen (card game)
Ramsen or Ramsch is a traditional Bavarian plain-trick, card game for three to five players that is played with a 32-card German-suited pack and is suitable both for adults and for children. It is one of the Rams group of card games that are distinguished by allowing players to drop out if they think they will fail to win the required number of tricks. An unusual feature of Ramsen is the presence of four permanent trump cards that rank just below the Trump Sow (Ace). It should not be confused with the contract of Ramsch in games like Skat or Schafkopf, nor with the related game of Rams which is also called Ramsenin Austria, but is played with a Piquet pack, does not have permanent trumps and has a different card ranking.

Glossary of card game terms
The following is a glossary of terms used in card games. Besides the terms listed here, there are thousands of other common and uncommon slang terms. Terms in this glossary are not game-specific (e.g. specific to bridge, hearts, poker or rummy), but apply to a wide range of card games played with non-proprietary packs. It should not include terms solely related to casino or banking games. For glossaries that relate primarily to one game or family of similar games, see Game-specific glossaries.
Native Records (Nigerian record label)
Native Records is a UK-based Nigerian record label owned by The Native Networks and formed by The Native magazine co-founders Chubbziano and Teezee. In 2022, following the release of the Native Sound System debut long-play Nativeworld on 18 August 2022, the record label was unveiled to the public. The label is home to Teezee, Native Sound System, and Odumodublvck.

Native Sound System
Native Sound System is a British radio show, based in London, and hosted by Sholzstilltippin, and Addy Edgal. It currently airs every Friday at 5PM, on NTS Radio. The show showcase up and coming African music talents, with the aim to document African culture. In 2020, the show relaunch on NTS Radio. On 13 December 2021, The Native launched Native Sound Radio on No Signal's radio.
Boycotts of Israel in sports
Boycotts of Israel in sports refer to various disqualifications and denial of Israeli athletes due to the refusal of some countries to recognize the state of Israel  and to outrage about Israeli actions such as the Gaza genocide.
As part of a more or less systematic boycott of Israel, Israeli athletes and teams have been barred from some competitions. In many international competitions, where Israel does take part, such as the Olympic Games, some Arab and Muslim competitors avoid competing against Israelis. Some countries, most notably Iran, even compel their athletes not to compete against Israelis or in Israel.

Palestinian Football Association
The Palestinian Football Association (Arabic: الاتحاد الفلسطيني لكرة القدم) is the governing body for football in Palestine, and for the men's Palestine national football team and the Palestine women's national football team.
Time in physics
In physics, time is defined by its measurement: time is what a clock reads.  In classical, non-relativistic physics, it is a scalar quantity (often denoted by the symbol ) and, like length, mass, and charge, is usually described as a fundamental quantity. Time can be combined mathematically with other physical quantities to derive other concepts such as motion, kinetic energy and time-dependent fields.  Timekeeping is a complex of technological and scientific issues, and part of the foundation of recordkeeping.

Water clock
A water clock, or clepsydra (from Ancient Greek  κλεψύδρα (klepsúdra) 'pipette, water clock'; from  κλέπτω (kléptō) 'to steal' and  ὕδωρ (hydor) 'water'; lit. ' water thief'), is a timepiece by which time is measured by the regulated flow of liquid into (inflow type) or out from (outflow type) a vessel, and where the amount of liquid can then be measured.

Water clocks are some of the oldest time-measuring instruments. The simplest form of water clock, with a bowl-shaped outflow, existed in Babylon, Egypt, and Persia around the 16th century BC. Other regions of the world, including India and China, also provide early evidence of water clocks, but the earliest dates are less certain. Water clocks were used in ancient Greece and in ancient Rome, as described by technical writers such as Ctesibius (died 222 BC) and Vitruvius (died after 15 BC).
London Mathematical Society
The London Mathematical Society (LMS) is one of the United Kingdom's learned societies for mathematics (the others being the Royal Statistical Society (RSS), the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications (IMA), the Edinburgh Mathematical Society and the Operational Research Society (ORS).

Operational Research Society
The Operational Research Society (ORS), also known as The OR Society, is an international learned society in the field of operational research (OR), with more than 3,100 members (2021). It has its headquarters in Birmingham, England.
Outline of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the Democratic Republic of the Congo:

Democratic Republic of the Congo – country located in Central Africa. The country is extremely rich in natural resources but political instability, a lack of infrastructure and a culture of corruption have historically limited development, extraction and exploitation efforts. Besides the capital, Kinshasa, the country's other largest cities are both mining communities (Lubumbashi and Mbuji-Mayi) and the country's largest exports are raw minerals.

Religion in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
The Democratic Republic of the Congo is a secular nation and freedom of religion is enshrined in its constitution. As of 2023, the US State Department reported that more than 95% of the population is affiliated with Christian denominations (of which nearly half are Catholic, another half are Protestant, and a small number are Jehovah's Witnesses, Mormons and Greek Orthodox). The remaining follow other non-Christian religions (Muslims, Baháʼís, Hindus, and indigenous religions).
Termination of employment in Argentina
In Argentina, termination of employment occurs when an employer ends an employee's contract, either with or without a specific reason. As the requirements to proceed with a termination of employment and the consequences of the decision are regulated by each piece of legislation, there are differences depending on the country whose legislation is to be applied. This article refers exclusively to termination of employees who, having worked in Argentina, are governed by the laws of that country.

In Argentina, the dismissal of workers is governed by the Labor Contract Law (LCL), established by Law 20744 in 1974, with later updates and additional rules. In 1976, Decree 390/76 was issued, which approved an ordered text reflecting these reforms, which is why it is sometimes referred to as Law 20744 (o.t. decree 390/76).

Damages
At common law, damages are a remedy in the form of a monetary award to be paid to a claimant as compensation for loss or injury. To warrant the award, the claimant must show that a breach of duty has caused foreseeable loss. To be recognized at law, the loss must involve damage to property, or mental or physical injury; pure economic loss is rarely recognized for the award of damages.

Compensatory damages are further categorized into special damages, which are economic losses such as loss of earnings, property damage and medical expenses, and general damages, which are non-economic damages such as pain and suffering and emotional distress. Rather than being compensatory, at common law damages may instead be nominal, contemptuous or exemplary.
Ice hockey in Belgium
Ice hockey in Belgium is governed by the Royal Belgian Ice Hockey Federation. The Belgian Hockey League, the top level of Belgian hockey, was founded in 1911. The Belgian National League is the second level league. Belgian men's, women's, and junior national teams participate at the World Championships. Belgium was a founding member of the IIHF.

Belgium women's national ice hockey team
The Belgian women's national ice hockey team represents Belgium at the International Ice Hockey Federation's IIHF World Women's Championships. The women's national team is controlled by Royal Belgian Ice Hockey Federation. As of 2011, Belgium has 83 female players. The Belgian women's national team is ranked 27th in the world.
Fig leaf
In culture, a "fig leaf" is a literal or figurative method of obscuring an act or object considered embarrassing or distasteful with something of innocuous appearance. The use of an actual fig leaf for the purpose originates in Western painting and sculpture, where leaves would be used by artists themselves or by later censors in order to hide the genitalia of a subject. Use of the fig plant in particular came about as a Biblical reference to the Book of Genesis, in which Adam and Eve used fig leaves to cover their nudity after eating the forbidden fruit from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.

A "fig-leaf edition" of a work is known as an expurgation or Bowdlerization.

Forbidden fruit
In Abrahamic religions, forbidden fruit is a name given to the fruit growing in the Garden of Eden that God commands mankind not to eat. In the Biblical story of Genesis, Adam and Eve disobey God and commit the original sin, eating the forbidden fruit from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, and are exiled from Eden:

And the Lord God commanded the man, saying, Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat:But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die.

As a metaphor outside of the Abrahamic religions, the phrase typically refers to any indulgence or pleasure that is considered illegal or immoral.
Book of Northern Qi
The Book of Northern Qi (Chinese: 北齊書; pinyin: Běi Qí Shū), is one of the Twenty-Four Histories and covers the Northern Qi Dynasty.  It was written by the Tang dynasty historian Li Baiyao (李百藥) and was completed in 636.  It is listed among the official Twenty-Four Histories of China. The original book contained 50 chapters but it was found during the Song dynasty that only 17 chapters were intact. The rest are lost.

Northern Qi
Qi, known as the Northern Qi (traditional Chinese: 北齊; simplified Chinese: 北齐; pinyin: Běi Qí; Wade–Giles: Pei3-Ch'i2), Later Qi (後齊) or Gao Qi (高齊) in historiography, was a Chinese imperial dynasty and one of the Northern dynasties during the Northern and Southern dynasties era. It ruled the eastern part of northern China from 550 to 577 AD. The dynasty was founded by Gao Yang (Emperor Wenxuan), and was eventually conquered by the Xianbei-led Northern Zhou dynasty in 577 AD.
2020 New Zealand Grand Prix
The 2020 New Zealand Grand Prix event for open wheel racing cars was held at Manfeild: Circuit Chris Amon near Feilding on 16 February 2020. It was the sixty-fifth New Zealand Grand Prix and fielded Toyota Racing Series cars. The event also served as the third race of the fifth round of the 2020 Toyota Racing Series, the final race of the series. The race was won by Igor Fraga, who also won the Toyota Racing Series championship in the process.

Manfeild: Circuit Chris Amon
Manfeild: Circuit Chris Amon (formerly Manfeild Autocourse) is a motor sport circuit located in Feilding, New Zealand. It was built by the Manawatu Car Club  in 1973 as a purpose-built course. In 1990 extra land was acquired and the circuit extension built, bringing Manfeild up to international standards. The circuit was renamed the Manfeild: Circuit Chris Amon, in honour of former New Zealand Formula One driver Chris Amon, on 25 November 2016.
Mohammad Javad Abdolmohammadi
Mohammad Javad Abdolmohammadi (Persian: محمد جواد عبدالمحمدی) is the John E. Rhodes Professor of Accounting at Bentley University, having held the position since 1988. In 2007, he was inducted into the Northeast Region of the American Accounting Association Hall of Fame (April 28, 2007). He has contributed to more than 100 publications, including many articles and books on internal auditing. He has been the recipient of funding from various granting agencies, including four from The Institute of Internal Auditors Research Foundation (IIARF) CBOK 2010, CBOK 2006, a monograph on "Continuous Internal Auditing" in 2005, and another monograph on "CAE Strategic Relationships" in 2013.

McGraw Hill Education
McGraw Hill, Inc. is an American education science company that provides educational content, software, and services for students and educators across various levels—from K-12 to higher education and professional settings. They produce textbooks, digital learning tools, and adaptive technology to enhance learning experiences and outcomes. It is one of the "big three" educational publishers along with Houghton Mifflin Harcourt and Pearson Education. McGraw Hill also publishes reference and trade publications for the medical, business, and engineering professions. Formerly a division of The McGraw Hill Companies (later renamed McGraw Hill Financial, now S&P Global), McGraw Hill Education was divested and acquired by Apollo Global Management in March 2013 for $2.4 billion in cash. McGraw Hill was sold in 2021 to Platinum Equity for $4.5 billion. The company is based in Columbus, Ohio.
Altmar, New York
Altmar is a hamlet (and census-designated place) in Oswego County, New York, United States. The population was 407 at the 2010 census.

The former Village of Altmar (formerly "Sand Bank" and now dissolved) is in northern part of the Town of Albion at State Route 13 and County Route 22. Altmar is the seat of the town government.

Oswego County, New York
Oswego County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 117,525. The county seat is Oswego. The county name is from a Mohawk-language word meaning 'the pouring out place', referring to the point at which the Oswego River feeds into Lake Ontario at the northern edge of the county in the city of Oswego. The county is part of the Central New York region of the state.

Oswego County is part of the Syracuse metropolitan area.
Blott on the Landscape (TV series)
Blott on the Landscape is a 1985 BBC TV series, adapted by Malcolm Bradbury from the 1975 Tom Sharpe novel of the same name. It was broadcast on BBC2 in six episodes of 50 minutes each between 6 February and 13 March 1985.

BBC Worldwide
BBC Worldwide Ltd. was the wholly owned commercial subsidiary of the BBC, formed out of a restructuring of its predecessor BBC Enterprises in January 1995. The company monetised BBC brands, selling BBC and other British programming for broadcast abroad with the aim of supplementing the income received by the BBC through the licence fee.

The company merged with BBC Studios on 1 April 2018, to form a new licensing, production, and distribution company under the BBC Studios name.
CY Cergy Paris University
CY Cergy Paris University (French: CY Cergy Paris Université) is a public  university located in Cergy-Pontoise, France. It was officially announced in October 2019 by the décret that the university would be founded by combining other institutions on 1 January 2020. The official status of the university is an experimental institution.

ESSEC Business School
ESSEC Business School (French: École supérieure des sciences économiques et commerciales. English translation: Graduate School of Economic and Commercial Sciences) is a French business school and Grande école. Its main campus is located in Cergy, with additional campuses in Paris, Rabat, and Singapore.

Founded by Jesuits in 1907, ESSEC was created as a response to the opening of HEC Paris. It operated independently until 1981, when it came under the governance of the Versailles Chamber of Commerce, which later became part of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Paris Île-de-France in 2013. ESSEC is currently a member of the CY Alliance (formerly Université Paris-Seine), a group of academic institutions in the Paris region.
Woodland Sketches
Woodland Sketches, Op. 51, is a suite of ten short piano pieces by the American composer Edward MacDowell. It was written during an 1896 stay at MacDowell's summer retreat in Peterborough, New Hampshire, where each piece was inspired by a different aspect of the surrounding nature and landscape. The suite was first published in 1896, with pieces such as "To a Wild Rose" (No. 1) and "To a Water-lily" (No. 6) becoming some of MacDowell's most popular works. While some pieces are notable for their use of impressionistic techniques in depicting the New England wilderness, others are based on elements from Native American and Southern music. Woodland Sketches is considered by critics and historians to contain some of MacDowell's most skillful and distinctive works.

Richard Crawford (music historian)
Richard Arthur Crawford (May 12, 1935 – July 23, 2024) was an American music historian and  professor of music at the University of Michigan. His American Musical Landscape was one of the seminal works of American music history, published in 2001. He published several other books, and edited a series of books on American music. He was an honorary member and president of the American Musicological Society, one of the founding members of the Society for American Music, and was the founder and editor-in-chief of MUSA (Music of the United States of America). He was born in Detroit.

Crawford died from congestive heart failure in Ann Arbor, on July 23, 2024, at the age of 89.
2011–12 AIK IF season
The 2011–12 AIK IF season is AIK's 28th and current season in the Elitserien ice hockey league (SEL), the top division in Sweden. The regular season began on September 15, 2011, at home against Timrå IK and concluded on March 6, 2012, at home against Skellefteå AIK. The following playoffs began on March 10 and ended on April 7.

AIK improved from previous season by finishing 7th in the regular season and once again qualified for the playoffs. Richard Gynge captured the Håkan Loob Trophy by scoring 28 goals, and Robert Rosén won the scoring league with 60 points (21 goals, 39 assists). Viktor Fasth also won the Honken Trophy for the second consecutive year. Just like last year, AIK were chosen to meet the regular-season champions, Luleå HF, in the quarterfinals. AIK eliminated Luleå in five games and advanced to the semifinals for the second consecutive year, where they would face Skellefteå AIK. AIK were once again eliminated in the semifinals, this time in seven games.

Timrå IK
Timrå Ishockeyklubb is a professional Swedish ice hockey team based in Timrå, north of Sundsvall. It competes in the Swedish Hockey League (SHL), which is the top-tier league in Sweden, since being promoted by winning 2021 SHL qualifiers. Previous seasons in the top Swedish division include 1956–57 to 1975–76, 1977–78, 1981–82, 2000–01 to 2012–13 and 2018–19. The team's home venue is Timrå Isstadion with a capacity of 6,000 spectators.

The club was founded on 11 May 1928 as a boxing club and started the ice hockey section in 1937. Timrå are historically traditional rivals with Modo Hockey since they both are situated in Västernorrland County and are playing in the professional ice hockey leagues in Sweden.
Order of Victory
The Order of Victory (Russian: Орден «Победа», romanized: Orden "Pobeda") was the highest military decoration awarded for World War II service in the Soviet Union, and one of the rarest orders in the world. The order was awarded only to Generals and Marshals for successfully conducting combat operations involving one or more army groups and resulting in a "successful operation within the framework of one or several fronts resulting in a radical change of the situation in favor of the Red Army." The Order of Victory is a standalone decoration awarded specially for service in World War II; unlike other awards such as the Hero of the Soviet Union, it does not belong to any order of ranking. In the history of the Soviet Union, the award had been awarded twenty times to twelve Soviet leaders and five foreign leaders, with one revocation. The last living recipient was King Michael I of Romania, who died on 5 December 2017.

Museum of Yugoslavia
The Museum of Yugoslavia (Serbian: Музеј Југославије, romanized: Muzej Jugoslavije) is a public history museum in Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It chronicles the period of Kingdom of Yugoslavia and Socialist Yugoslavia as well as the life of Josip Broz Tito. Tito's grave is located in one of the museum buildings (the House of Flowers).

With 120,000 visitors annually, it is the most visited museum in Serbia.
WLII-DT
WLII-DT (channel 11), branded TeleOnce, is a Spanish-language independent television station licensed to Caguas, Puerto Rico, serving the U.S. territory. Owned by Liberman Media Group, the station maintains studio facilities on Calle Carazo in Guaynabo. Its transmitter is located near the Bosque Estatal de Carite mountain reserve.

TeleOnce operates two satellite stations: WSUR-DT (channel 9) in Ponce and WOLE-DT (channel 12) in Aguadilla.

TelevisaUnivision
TelevisaUnivision (formerly known as Univision Communications) is a Mexican–American media company, headquartered in Mexico City and New York City that owns American Spanish-language broadcast network Univision and free-to-air channels in Mexico such as Las Estrellas, El 5*, N+ Foro, and NU9VE alongside a collection of specialty television channels and production studios. 45% of the company is held by the Mexican telecommunications and broadcasting company Grupo Televisa, which was a major programming partner for Univision until the company sold their content assets to Univision Communications in 2022.

Since its founding in the early 1960s as Spanish International Network (SIN), the United States' first Spanish language television network, the company has catered to Hispanic and Latino Americans. It is currently a multimedia conglomerate, with free-to-air and specialty, digital and audio networks, including 65 television stations, online and mobile apps and products.
Spain SailGP Team
Los Gallos SailGP Team, formerly the Spain SailGP Team, is a Spanish SailGP team. The team was founded in 2021, taking China SailGP Team's place in the sport following their withdrawal after the 2019 season. The team is currently helmed by Spanish Olympic gold medalist Diego Botin.

In the 2023-24 season, they became the second team ever to win a SailGP championship after Australia, beating the Bonds Flying Roos and the Black Foils in the Grand Final in San Francisco.

New Zealand SailGP Team
Black Foils SailGP Team, formerly New Zealand SailGP Team, is a New Zealand professional sailing team which competes in the global Rolex SailGP championship. Established in 2020 for the second season of SailGP, the team is led by co-CEOs; driver Peter Burling, and wing trimmer Blair Tuke.
Ángel Parra Jr.
Ángel Cereceda Orrego, also known as Ángel Parra Orrego or just Ángel Parra Jr. (May 22, 1966), is a Chilean musician and producer. A prominent guitarist, member of the rock band Los Tres for 25 years, and leader of his jazz group Ángel Parra Trío active since 1989. He is recognized as one of the best Chilean guitarists because he fluently handles languages such as jazz, rock, and folklore. He is the son of Chilean singer-songwriter Ángel Parra and Marta Orrego Matte, and grandson of Violeta Parra, being a member of the Parra family, one of the most prolific musical clans in Chile.

Violeta Parra
Violeta del Carmen Parra Sandoval (Spanish pronunciation: [bjoˈleta ˈpara]; 4 October 1917 – 5 February 1967) was a Chilean composer, singer-songwriter, folklorist, ethnomusicologist and visual artist. She pioneered the Nueva Canción Chilena (The Chilean New Song), a renewal and a reinvention of Chilean folk music that would extend its sphere of influence outside Chile.

Her birthdate (4 October) was chosen as "Chilean Musicians' Day." In 2011, Andrés Wood directed a biopic about her, titled Violeta Went to Heaven (Spanish: Violeta se fue a los cielos).