hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bowerman Track Club
The Bowerman Track Club (BTC) is an American training group sponsored by Nike, Inc. It previously featured a professional team last coached by Jerry Schumacher and assistants Shalane Flanagan, Chris Solinsky, and Alex Ostberg. The non-professional elite team is coached by Elliott Heath. The club is named after Nike co-founder Bill Bowerman.

The team moved from Portland to Eugene in 2022. Gabriela DeBues-Stafford left the club in 2022, citing lack of clarity around Shelby Houlihan's continued relationship with the team following Houlihan's doping ban and Schumacher's opposition to AIU and WADA.

The professional team was disbanded in February 2025 after 12 years and reportedly producing 10 Olympic and World Championship medalists.

Shalane Flanagan
Shalane Grace Flanagan (born July 8, 1981) is an American long-distance runner, coach, Olympic medalist and New York City Marathon champion. She was the first American woman to win the New York City Marathon since 1977. She holds the NACAC area records in both the 10k and 15k road races.

She won the silver medal at the 2008 Olympics in the 10,000 m (upgraded from bronze following original silver medalist's disqualification for doping) and the bronze medal at the 2011 IAAF World Cross Country Championships. She won the Women's 2017 New York City Marathon, the first American woman to do so since Miki Gorman in 1977.
Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission
The Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission (FCIC) was established in 2010 in the United States to investigate the causes of the 2008 financial crisis. The commission, led by Phil Angelides, held public hearings, gathered testimony from hundreds, and released its report in January 2011.

The report concluded that "the collapse of the housing bubble—fueled by low interest rates, easy and available credit, scant regulation, and toxic mortgages—that was the spark that ignited" events leading to the financial crisis.

The commission was explicit in its concerns about insurance giant American International Group, financial giants Bear Stearns and Lehman Brothers, and mortgage giants Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, each of which the government brought under consideration for financial rescue.

Corporate governance
Corporate governance refers to the mechanisms, processes, practices, and relations by which corporations are controlled and operated by their boards of directors, managers, shareholders, and stakeholders.
Nice While It Lasted
"Nice While It Lasted" is the series finale of the American animated comedy-drama television series BoJack Horseman. It is the sixteenth episode of the sixth season and the 76th episode overall. The episode, written by series creator Raphael Bob-Waksberg and directed by Aaron Long, was released on Netflix on January 31, 2020, alongside the second half of the sixth and final season.

In this episode, titular character BoJack Horseman is arrested and sentenced to prison for breaking and entering after his career ended, but is granted a furlough to attend the wedding of his ex-girlfriend, Princess Carolyn. The episode was widely praised as a poignant ending to the series.

Furlough
A furlough (/ˈfɜːrloʊ/; from Dutch: verlof, "leave of absence") is a temporary cessation of paid employment that is intended to address the problems of a company or employer; these problems may be due to economic conditions that affect a specific employer, or to those prevailing in society as a whole. Furloughs may be short-term or long-term. They are also known as temporary layoffs.
Guido Messina
Guido Messina (4 January 1931 – 10 January 2020) was an Italian road and track cyclist.

He was born in Monreale, Italy, on 4 January 1931. On track he won five world titles in the individual 4000 m pursuit between 1948 and 1956, and a gold medal with the Italian team at the 1952 Olympics (individual pursuit became an Olympic event only in 1964, when Messina retired from cycling). Between 1954 and 1963 he rode professionally and won the first stage of the 1955 Giro d'Italia. He died six days after his 89th birthday on 10 January 2020.

Monreale
Monreale (/ˌmɒnriˈæl/; Italian pronunciation: [monreˈaːle]; Sicilian: Murriali) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Palermo, Sicily, Southern Italy. It is located 310 meters (1017.06 ft) above the sea level on the slope of Mount Caputo, a small promontory overlooking the valley of Palermo, from which it is approximately 7 km (4 miles) to the south.

The town developed on a site used by the Norman kings for hunting. They built a royal palace there, hence the name Mons Regalis. The city gained great importance when king William II of Sicily built Monreale Cathedral with the adjoining Benedictine monastery. In 1183, it became the seat of the archbishop.

Monreale forms its own archdiocese. Its cathedral is one of several buildings named in a UNESCO World Heritage Site, a group of nine inscribed as Arab-Norman Palermo and the Cathedral Churches of Cefalù and Monreale.
Griante
Griante (Comasco: Griant [ɡriˈ(j)ãːt]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy, located on the western shore of Lake Como about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Como between Menaggio (to the north) and Tremezzo. Griante also borders the communes of Bellagio and Varenna on the other side of the lake.  The commune of Griante itself is situated some 50 metres above lake level, on a wide plateau.  The portion of the commune sitting on the lake, where the community's tourist industry is situated, is known as Cadenabbia di Griante.

In 1853, Giulio Ricordi built a mansion, Villa Margherita Ricordi (Coordinates 45.994321N 9.238636E), in Cadenabbia di Griante on the shore of Lake Como where Verdi visited and is thought to have composed some parts of La Traviata.

Main sights include the Anglican Church of the Ascension.

La traviata
La traviata (Italian: [la traviˈaːta, -aˈvjaː-]; The Fallen Woman) is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi set to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave. It is based on La Dame aux camélias (1852), a play by Alexandre Dumas fils, which he adapted from his own 1848 novel. The opera was originally titled Violetta, after the main character. It was first performed on 6 March 1853 at La Fenice opera house in Venice.

Piave and Verdi wanted to follow Dumas in giving the opera a contemporary setting, but the authorities at La Fenice insisted that it be set in the past, "c. 1700". It was not until the 1880s that the composer's and librettist's original wishes were carried out and "realistic" productions were staged. La traviata has become immensely popular and is among the most frequently performed of all operas.
Karla Fernández
Karla Fernandez Beaumont (born (1977-01-01)1 January 1977) was a Venezuelan female weightlifter, competing in the 53 kg category and representing Venezuela at international competitions.

She participated at the 2000 Summer Olympics in the 53 kg event. She competed at world championships, most recently at the 2003 World Weightlifting Championships.

Weightlifting at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's 53 kg
The women's 53 kilograms weightlifting event at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia took place at the Sydney Convention and Exhibition Centre on September 18.

Total score was the sum of the lifter's best result in each of the snatch and the clean and jerk, with three lifts allowed for each lift.  In case of a tie, the lighter lifter won; if still tied, the lifter who took the fewest attempts to achieve the total score won.  Lifters without a valid snatch score did not perform the clean and jerk.
Innovazione
Innovazione was a Swiss department store chain based in Ticino that operated from 1911 to 2000. Founded as a haberdashery business in Lugano, it grew to become the canton's leading retailer before being integrated into the Manor chain.

Haberdasher
In British English, a haberdasher is a business or person who sells small articles for sewing, dressmaking and knitting, such as buttons, ribbons and zips; in the United States, the term refers instead to  a men's clothing store that sells  suits, shirts, neckties, men's dress shoes and other items.
Oda Malmin
Oda Malmin (born 1987) is a Norwegian novelist.

She hails from Gausel/Forus in Stavanger. She was hired as an editor in the Nynorsk publishing house Det Norske Samlaget. She has released two novels on Aschehoug, Steinauge (2018) and Skinliv (2021).

Steinauge was reviewed in Stavanger Aftenblad, Klassekampen, Adresseavisen and Øy-Blikk. Skinliv was reviewed in Klassekampen, Dagbladet (dice throw 6), Dag og Tid and Stavanger Aftenblad.

Nynorsk
Nynorsk (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈnŷːnɔʂk] ⓘ; lit. 'Modern Norwegian'  or 'New Norwegian')  is one of the two official written standards of the Norwegian language, the other being Bokmål. From 12 May 1885, it became the state-sanctioned version of Ivar Aasen's standard Norwegian language (Landsmål), parallel to the Dano-Norwegian written standard known as Riksmål. The name Nynorsk was introduced in 1929. After a series of reforms, it is still the written standard closer to Landsmål, whereas Bokmål is closer to Riksmål and Danish.

Between 10 and 15 percent of Norwegians (primarily in the west around the city of Bergen) have Nynorsk as their official language form, estimated by the number of students attending secondary schools. Nynorsk is also taught as a mandatory subject in both high school and middle school for all Norwegians who do not have it as their own language form.
2004 Ordina Open – Women's doubles
Elena Dementieva and Lina Krasnoroutskaia were the defending champions, but Dementieva chose not to take part in 2004. Krasnoroutskaia paired up with Anca Barna, but lost in the first round.

Lisa McShea and Milagros Sequera won the title in 2004.

Lina Krasnoroutskaya
Lina Vladimirovna Krasnoroutskaya (Russian: Лина Владимировна Красноруцкая listenⓘ; born 29 April 1984) is a retired tennis player. She is a former junior world No. 1 (1999), and in addition, she won the US Open junior title. Krasnoroutskaya, however, had a career blighted by injury.
American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET) is a scientific society founded in late 1908 by John Jacob Abel of Johns Hopkins University (also the founder of the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology), with the aim of promoting the growth of pharmacological research. Many society members are researchers in basic and clinical pharmacology who help develop disease-fighting medications and therapeutics. ASPET is one of the constituent societies of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB). The society's headquarters are in Rockville, MD. The current president is Michael F. Jarvis.

John Jacob Abel
John Jacob Abel (19 May 1857 – 26 May 1938) was an American biochemist and pharmacologist. He established the pharmacology department at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in 1893, and then became America's first full-time professor of pharmacology. During his time at Hopkins, he made several important medical advancements, especially in the field of hormone extraction. In addition to his laboratory work, he founded several significant scientific journals such as the Journal of Biological Chemistry and the Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.
Tarancón (band)
Tarancón are a Brazilian folk band formed in São Paulo in 1972. Known for its close alignment with the Latin American nueva canción movement, the group blended traditional Latin American and Brazilian musical elements to create a hybrid sound that emphasized cultural integration and political engagement. Over the course of their career, the band recorded nine albums and was particularly influential among leftist student and labor movements during Brazil's military dictatorship. The name Tarancón was reportedly inspired by a coal mine in Asturias, Spain, which collapsed and resulted in the deaths of eleven workers, and the band adopted the name in reference to this tragedy.

Student activism
Student activism or campus activism is work by students to cause political, environmental, economic, or social change. In addition to education, student groups often play central roles in democratization and winning civil rights.

Modern student activist movements span all ages, races, socio-economic backgrounds, and political perspectives. Some student protests focus on the internal affairs of an institution (like disinvestment); others tackle wars or dictatorships. Student activism is most often associated with left-wing politics.
Hindustani phonology
Hindustani is the lingua franca of northern India and Pakistan, and through its two standardized registers, Hindi and Urdu, a co-official language of India and co-official and national language of Pakistan respectively. Phonological differences between the two standards are minimal.

Voiced retroflex lateral flap
A voiced retroflex lateral flap is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The "implicit" symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨𝼈 ⟩. The sound may also be transcribed as a short ⟨ɭ̆ ⟩, or with the retired IPA dot diacritic, ⟨ɺ̣⟩.
Ulrik Brock
Ulrik Lennart Brock (born 16 January 1945, in Copenhagen) is a sailor from Denmark. Brock represented his country at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Kiel. Brock took 7th place in the Danish Flying Dutchman with Hans Fogh as helmsman.

Sailing at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Sailing/Yachting is an Olympic sport starting from the Games of the 1st Olympiad (1896 Olympics in Athens, Greece). With the exception of 1904 and the canceled 1916 Summer Olympics, sailing has always been included on the Olympic schedule. The Sailing program of 1972 consisted of a total of six sailing classes (disciplines). For each class seven races were scheduled from 29 August 1972 to 8 September 1972 of the coast of Kiel-Schilksee in the Bay of Kiel. Kiel hosted the Olympic sailing competitions for the second time, having previously done so during the 1936 Summer Olympics. The sailing was done on the triangular type Olympic courses.
Hypaethral
In classical architecture, hypaethral describes a building with no roof and with columns forming a partial wall.

The term originates from Latin hypaethrus, from Ancient Greek ὕπαιθρος hupaithros ὑπό hupo- "under" and αἰθήρ aither "sky, air". It was described by the Roman architect Vitruvius in his treatise De architectura, written for the emperor Caesar Augustus probably about 15 BC.

Bassae
Bassae (Latin: Bassae, Ancient Greek: Βάσσαι – Bassai, meaning "little vale in the rocks") is an archaeological site in Oichalia, a municipality in the northeastern part of Messenia, Greece. In classical antiquity, it was part of Arcadia. Bassae lies near the village of Skliros, northeast of Figaleia, south of Andritsaina and west of Megalopolis. It is famous for the well-preserved mid- to late-5th century BC Temple of Apollo Epicurius.

Although this temple is geographically remote from major polities of ancient Greece, it is one of the most studied ancient Greek temples because of its multitude of unusual features. Bassae was the first Greek site to be inscribed on the World Heritage List, in 1986.
Cathy Tyson
Catherine Tyson (born 12 June 1965) is a British actress. She won the Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in the film Mona Lisa (1986), which also earned her Best Supporting Actress nominations at the Golden Globes and BAFTA Awards. She has starred in The Serpent and the Rainbow (1988), Priest (1994), and Band of Gold (1995–1997). She won the British Academy Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in 2022 for her performance in the film Help.

BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role
Best Actress in a Supporting Role is a British Academy Film Award presented annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) to recognize an actress who has delivered an outstanding supporting performance in a film.

The British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA), is a British organisation that hosts annual awards shows for film, television, children's film and television, and interactive media. Since 1968, selected actresses have been awarded with the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role at an annual ceremony.

In the following lists, the titles and names in bold with a gold background are the winners and recipients respectively; those not in bold are the nominees. The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released, not the year of the ceremony, which always takes place the following year.
Ross E. Paulson
Ross Evans Paulson was an American historian. He was born in 1935 and died in 2011.

He taught at Augustana College from 1962 to 1995, and was professor emeritus.
His papers are held at Augustana College Library.

Augustana College (Illinois)
Augustana College is a private Lutheran liberal arts college in Rock Island, Illinois, United States. The college enrolls approximately 2,500 students. Its campus is adjacent to the Mississippi River and covers 115 acres (46.5 ha) of hilly, wooded land.
Acroplaxome
Spermatozoa develop in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. During their development, the spermatogonia proceed through meiosis to become spermatozoa. Many changes occur during this process: the DNA in nuclei becomes condensed; the acrosome develops as a structure close to the nucleus. The acrosome is derived from the Golgi apparatus and contains hydrolytic enzymes important for fusion of the spermatozoon with an egg cell. During spermiogenesis, the nucleus condenses and changes shape. Abnormal shape change is a feature of sperm in male infertility.
The acroplaxome is a structure found between the acrosomal membrane and the nuclear membrane. The acroplaxome contains structural proteins including keratin 5, F-actin and profilin IV.

Nuclear envelope
The nuclear envelope, also known as the nuclear membrane, is made up of two lipid bilayer membranes that in eukaryotic cells surround the nucleus, which encloses the genetic material.

The nuclear envelope consists of two lipid bilayer membranes: an inner nuclear membrane and an outer nuclear membrane. The space between the membranes is called the perinuclear space. It is usually about 10–50 nm wide. The outer nuclear membrane is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. The nuclear envelope has many nuclear pores that allow materials to move between the cytosol and the nucleus. Intermediate filament proteins called lamins form a structure called the nuclear lamina on the inner aspect of the inner nuclear membrane and give structural support to the nucleus.
Order of Merit of Duarte, Sánchez and Mella
The Order of Merit of Duarte, Sánchez and Mella (Orden al Mérito de Duarte, Sánchez y Mella) is the principal order of the Dominican Republic. It was established on 24 February 1931 as the Juan Pablo Duarte Order of Merit (Orden al Mérito Juan Pablo Duarte) and renamed on 9 September 1954. The Head of State confers the order both to civilians and military personnel for distinguished services.

Order (distinction)
An order is a visible honour awarded by a sovereign state, monarch, dynastic house or organisation to a person, typically in recognition of individual merit, that often comes with distinctive insignia such as collars, medals, badges, and sashes worn by recipients.

Modern honour systems of state orders and dynastic orders emerged from the culture of  orders of chivalry of the Middle Ages, which in turn emerged from the Catholic religious orders.
Kansas City, Clay County and St. Joseph Railway
The Kansas City, Clay County and St. Joseph Railway was an electrified interurban railway that ran between Kansas City, Missouri, and St. Joseph, Missouri, from the early 1900s until 1933.  It was the longest of the various interurbans serving Kansas City running nearly 60 miles (97 km) and extended another 10 miles (16 km) to Savannah, Missouri.

The railway was built over the course of three years by electrical engineer George Townsend, brother to writer and congressman Edward W. Townsend and composer Cornelia Townsend. The interurban was a light rail system in which single cars traveled powered by an overhead electric wire.  The interurban ran hourly.  Fare was $1.55 and it took nearly two hours from downtown to downtown.  One line went from Kansas City to St. Joseph, another line went from Kansas City to Excelsior Springs.

The railway made Townsend wealthy. George Townsend killed himself in Kansas City, MO on June 24, 1913 by jumping into the Missouri River.

Edward W. Townsend
Edward Waterman Townsend (February 10, 1855 – March 15, 1942) was an American Democratic Party politician who represented New Jersey's 7th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1911 to 1913, and the 10th district from 1913 to 1915, after redistricting following the United States Census, 1910.
Simply Democrats
Simply Democrats (Italian: Semplicemente Democratici) was a heterogeneous faction within the Democratic Party, a political party in Italy.

At the 2009 leadership election the group (whose main members included Sergio Cofferati, Rita Borsellino, David Sassoli, Debora Serracchiani and Francesca Barracciu) supported the candidacy of Dario Franceschini, who eventually lost to Pier Luigi Bersani.

Serracchiani and Giuseppe Civati later organized a new faction composed mainly of middle-aged and young Democrats.

Giuseppe Civati
Giuseppe "Pippo" Civati (born 4 August 1975) is an Italian politician and publisher who was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 2013 to 2018. Civati began his political career in the local politics of the 1990s with the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS). Civati went through the successors of the PDS, including the Democrats of the Left (DS) and the Democratic Party (PD), which he left in 2015 due to his increasing criticism of Matteo Renzi, which he had initially supported, and the Renziani to establish Possible.
Endel Ratas
Endel Ratas (8 December 1938 Tarva, Pärnu County – 2 September 2006) was an Estonian freedom fighter and politician.

Since 1957 he was a member of Estonian Freedom Fighters' Union (Estonian: Eesti Vabadusvõitlejate Liit). From 1959 to 1963 he was in a prison camp in Mordva Republic, Russia.

In 1979, he was one of the fourth Estonians who signed Baltic Appeal. In 1988, he was a founding member of the Estonian National Independence Party (Eesti Rahvusliku Sõltumatuse Partei, or ERSP). In 1990 he was a member of the Congress of Estonia.

In 2000, he was awarded the Order of the National Coat of Arms, III Class. In 2006 he was awarded the Order of the White Star, II class.

Baltic Appeal
The Baltic Appeal (Estonian: Balti apell, Latvian: Baltijas harta or Baltiešu memorands, Lithuanian: 45 pabaltijiečių memorandumas) was a public letter to the secretary-general of the United Nations, Soviet Union, East and West Germany, and signatories of the Atlantic Charter by 45 Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian citizens. Sent on 23 August 1979, the 40th anniversary of the Molotov–Ribbentrop pact, the appeal demanded public disclosure of the pact and its secret protocols, annulment of the pact ab initio, and restoration of the independence of the Baltic states, then occupied by the Soviet Union.

The appeal was published in the foreign press and constituted the basis for the European Parliament's resolution of 13 January 1983 in support of its demands.  In Soviet-controlled territory, it was widespread through samizdat.

Signatories: