hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jorge Roche
Jorge Félix Roche Silveira (born 19 November 1957) is a Cuban gymnast. He competed in eight events at the 1980 Summer Olympics. At these Olympics, he showed as first gymnast ever at the vault a handspring with two front flips. This element is since called the Roche vault. Today (2024) it is valued at 5.2 points (the most difficult vaults are valued at 6.0 points, where one of these elements is based upon the vault of Roche). For example, of the 32 gymnasts that competed at the vault event at the 2024 Summer Olympics in the men's team all around, only 13 gymnasts showed a vault with higher difficulty than 5.2.

Gymnastics at the 1980 Summer Olympics
At the 1980 Summer Olympics, fourteen different artistic gymnastics events were contested, eight for men and six for women.  All events were held at the Sports Palace of the Central Lenin Stadium in Moscow from July 20 through 25th.  Several teams who had qualified to compete were absent as a result of the 1980 Summer Olympics boycott, including the United States, Canada, China, Japan, South Korea, and West Germany.

For the first time in Olympic competition, in event finals for the vault an average of two vaults was used as the final score, rather than the best of two vaults.
2019 Engie Open Nantes Atlantique – Doubles
Estelle Cascino and Elixane Lechemia were the defending champions, but lost in the semifinals to Akgul Amanmuradova and Ekaterine Gorgodze.

Amanmuradova and Gorgodze went on to win the title, defeating Vivian Heisen and Yana Sizikova in the final, 7–6(7–2), 6–3.

Akgul Amanmuradova
Akgul Charievna Amanmuradova (Uzbek: Oqgul Omonmurodova; born June 23, 1984) is an Uzbek former professional tennis player. At 1.90 metres in height, she is one of the tallest female tennis players in history.

Amanmuradova has won two doubles titles on the WTA Tour, as well as ten singles and 16 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 26 May 2008, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 50. On 18 January 2010, she peaked at No. 36 in the WTA doubles rankings.

Amanmuradova has twice reached the final of the Tashkent Open in her native Uzbekistan, losing in 2005 to Michaëlla Krajicek and in 2009 to Shahar Pe'er. She has also reached the final of the 2011 President's Cup in Nur-Sultan.
Malaysia Federal Route 137
Jalan Lapangan Terbang Sultan Azlan Shah, Federal Route 137, is a federal road in Perak, Malaysia. It is a main route to the Sultan Azlan Shah Airport from Jalan Gopeng (Federal Route 1). The Kilometre Zero of the Federal Route 137 is located at Jalan Gopeng, at its junctions with the Federal Route 1, the main trunk road of the central of Peninsular Malaysia.

At most sections, the Federal Route 137 was built under the JKR R5 road standard, allowing maximum speed limit of up to 90 km/h.

Sultan Azlan Shah Airport
Sultan Azlan Shah Airport (IATA: IPH, ICAO: WMKI) is an airport serving the city of Ipoh in the Malaysian state of Perak. Situated approximately 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from the city center, it ranks as the 15th busiest airport in Malaysia.
Danny Graves
Daniel Peter Graves (born August 7, 1973) is a Vietnamese-born American former professional baseball player and current baseball analyst. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a right-handed pitcher from 1996 to 2006, most prominently as a member of the Cincinnati Reds where he was their primary relief pitcher for five seasons and became the franchise's all-time leader in career saves. A two-time National League All-Star, Graves was the winner of the 2002 Lou Gehrig Memorial Award. Graves also pitched for the Cleveland Indians and the New York Mets.

Born to a Vietnamese mother and an American serviceman father, Graves is the only Vietnam-born player in Major League history and one of the few American players of Vietnamese descent. After his playing career he became a radio and television baseball analyst. Graves was inducted into the Cincinnati Reds Hall of Fame in 2023.

Demographics of Vietnam
Demographic features of the population of Vietnam include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Ethnic Vietnamese, or the Viet people (known officially as Kinh), mostly live in the lowlands and speak Vietnamese, while other ethnic groups also speak a variety of languages; together, these communities contribute to the country's diverse demographic composition. Originating in northern Vietnam, the Viet gradually pushed southward and make up much of Vietnam's political landscape. A Vietnamese diaspora can also be found worldwide.

Vietnam's population reached just over 100 million in 2023, making it the 15th largest country by population in the world. It is predicted that by 2035, Vietnam will become an aged society.
Robert Buchanan (minister)
Robert Buchanan (15 August 1802 – 30/31 March 1875) was a Scottish Presbyterian minister and historian who served as Moderator of the General Assembly to the Free Church of Scotland in 1860/61. He was one of the leading figures in the Disruption of 1843.

He had correspondence with several notable figures of the day over many years: Lord Aberdeen; Sir Robert Peel; Thomas Chalmers from 1834 to 1845; and George Combe from 1821 to 1827.

George Combe
George Combe (21 October 1788 – 14 August 1858) was a Scottish lawyer and a spokesman of the phrenological movement for over 20 years. He founded the Edinburgh Phrenological Society in 1820 and wrote The Constitution of Man (1828). After marriage in 1833, Combe devoted his later years to promoting phrenology internationally.
Carotid groove
The carotid groove is an anatomical groove in the sphenoid bone located above the attachment of each great wing of the sphenoid bone. The groove is curved like the italic letter f, and lodges the internal carotid artery and the cavernous sinus.

Internal carotid artery
The internal carotid artery is an artery in the neck which supplies the anterior and middle cerebral circulation.

In human anatomy, the internal and external carotid arise from the common carotid artery, where it bifurcates at cervical vertebrae C3 or C4. The internal carotid artery supplies the brain, including the eyes, while the external carotid nourishes other portions of the head, such as the face, scalp, skull, and meninges.
Beatrice Mintz
Beatrice Mintz (January 24, 1921 – January 3, 2022) was an American embryologist who contributed to the understanding of genetic modification, cellular differentiation, and cancer, particularly melanoma. Mintz was a pioneer of genetic engineering techniques and was among the first scientists to generate both chimeric and transgenic mammals.

In 1996, she shared the inaugural March of Dimes Prize in Developmental Biology with Ralph L. Brinster for their work in developing transgenic mice. Much of her career was spent at Fox Chase Cancer Center in Philadelphia where, in 2002, she was appointed to the Jack Schultz Chair in Basic Science. Mintz was a member of both the United States National Academy of Sciences and the Pontifical Academy of Sciences.

Lankenau Institute for Medical Research
Lankenau Institute for Medical Research (LIMR), founded in 1927, is a nonprofit, biomedical research institute located on the campus of Lankenau Medical Center in Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, serving as the research division of the Main Line Health system in suburban Philadelphia. LIMR focuses on studies of cancer, cardiovascular, autoimmune, gastrointestinal and other diseases.
Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn al-Abbas al-Khwarizmi
Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. al-ʿAbbās al-Khwarizmi (934 – Nishapur, 1002) was a poet and writer in the Arabic language. He gained patronage variously in the courts of Aleppo (with Sayf al-Dawla), Bukhara (with vizier Abu Ali Bal'ami ), Nishapur (praising its emir, Ahmad al-Mikali), Sijistan (under Tahir ibn Muhammad), Gharchistan, and Arrajan (with Sahib ibn Abbad).

Sahib ibn Abbad
Abu’l-Qāsim Ismāʿīl ibn ʿAbbād ibn al-ʿAbbās (Persian: ابوالقاسم اسماعیل بن عباد بن عباس; born 938 - died 30 March 995), better known as Ṣāḥib ibn ʿAbbād (صاحب بن عباد), also known as al-Ṣāḥib (الصاحب), was a Persian scholar and statesman, who served as the grand vizier of the Buyid rulers of Ray from 976 to 995.

A native of the suburbs of Isfahan, he was greatly interested in Arab culture, and wrote on dogmatic theology, history, grammar, lexicography, scholarly criticism and wrote poetry and belles-lettres.
Indult
In Catholic canon law, an indult is a permission or privilege, granted by the competent church authority – the Holy See or the diocesan bishop, as the case may be – for an exception from a particular norm of church law in an individual case.

For example, according to the canons 692 and 693 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law, an indult is needed when members of the consecrated life want to be dispensed from their religious vows, or when priests and deacons voluntarily seek to return to the lay state (usually to marry).

A recent indult was the one granted in 1984 by Pope John Paul II, Quattuor abhinc annos, which authorised the world's Catholic bishops to permit celebrations of the Tridentine Mass liturgy in their dioceses. This indult was superseded in 2007 by new legislation introduced by Pope Benedict XVI in the motu proprio Summorum Pontificum, and superseded again in 2021 by Traditionis custodes.

Canon (canon law)
In canon law, a canon designates some law promulgated by a synod, an ecumenical council, or an individual bishop.

The word "canon" comes from the Greek kanon, which in its original usage denoted a straight rod that was later the instrument used by architects and artificers as a measuring stick for making straight lines. Kanon eventually came to mean a rule or norm, so that when the first ecumenical council—Nicaea I—was held in 325, kanon started to obtain the restricted juridical denotation of a law promulgated by a synod or ecumenical council, as well as that of an individual bishop.
Natalia Pallu-Neves
Natalia Pallu-Neves (born 12 June 2004) is a British-Brazilian ice dancer who currently competes for Brazil.

With her skating partner, Jayin Panesar, she is the 2022 British national junior bronze medalist. Additionally, she secured two bronze medals in the junior category at the previous two British Championships with her former partner, Frank Roselli.

Pallu-Neves and Panesar started to represent Brazil in the 2022–23 season, becoming the first Brazilian ice dancers to compete in the senior level.

Brazilian Ice Sports Federation
The Brazilian Ice Sports Federation (Portuguese: Confederação Brasileira de Desportos no Gelo, CBDG) was founded by Eric Maleson, Brazil's first bobsled athlete. The CBDG was established in 1996 and affiliated to the Brazilian Olympic Committee in 1999. The federation qualified 7 athletes for the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah (5 bobsled athletes and 2 luge athletes) and a 4-man bobsled team for the 2006 Winter Olympics in Torino.

The federation is responsible for the development of all winter Olympic ice sport modalities for Brazil including bobsled, skeleton, luge, figure, long track and short track speed skating, curling, and ice hockey.
Sunni view of Umar
The Sunni Muslims' view of Umar ibn al-Khattab (584-644 AD) portray him as the second most esteemed companion of Muhammad. He is recognized as the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate and a central figure in the early expansion and strengthening of the Islamic state. His conversion to Islam is considered a turning point for the early Muslim community, significantly bolstering its morale and public presence in Mecca. Described as a potential prophet, Umar is also revered for receiving divine praise and for his protective role against fitnah, with numerous Sunni traditions underscoring the severe consequences for those who revile him.

Mumin
Mu'min or mumin (Arabic: مؤمن, romanized: muʾmin; feminine: مؤمنة muʾmina) is an Arabic name and Islamic term frequently referenced in the Quran, meaning 'believer'. Al-Mu'minun (Arabic: المؤمنون, al-muʼminūn; meaning: 'The Believers') is the 23rd chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an.
Dessau Zoo
The Dessau Zoo (German: Tierpark Dessau) is a municipally owned zoo in Dessau, Germany which was founded in 1958. It is located in a park that surrounds the former mausoleum of the Dukes of Anhalt.

About 500 animals from 120 species are visited by around 100,000 guests per year.

Most of the animals are of European origin, like wolves, goats and donkeys but the zoo also shows exotic species like kangaroos, llamas and jaguars.

The terrarium is home to Europe's oldest reticulated python, almost 7 meters long.

Dessau
Dessau is a district of the independent city of Dessau-Roßlau in Saxony-Anhalt at the confluence of the rivers Mulde and Elbe, in the Bundesland (Federal State) of Saxony-Anhalt. Until 1 July 2007, it was an independent city. The population of Dessau is 67,747 (Dec. 2020).
Pact of the Catacombs
The Pact of the Catacombs is an agreement signed by 42 bishops of the Catholic Church at a meeting following Mass in the Catacombs of Domitilla near Rome on the evening of 16 November 1965, three weeks before the close of the Second Vatican Council. They pledged to live like the poorest of their parishioners and adopt a lifestyle free of attachment to ordinary possessions. The signatories said they "renounce forever the appearance and the substance of wealth, especially in clothing [...] and symbols made of precious metals." More than 500 bishops added their signatures in the next few months.

The catacomb metaphor was intended to draw a connection to early Christian martyrs who lived without worldly power.

Catacombs of Domitilla
The Catacombs of Domitilla are an underground Christian cemetery named after the Domitilla family that had initially ordered them to be dug. Located in Rome, Italy, are the human-made subterranean passageways used for cemeteries and religious practice. They are among the largest catacombs in Rome, spreading out 17 km, largely along the ancient Via Ardeatine, laid out on four levels, and housing approximately 15,000 bodies underground. The Catacombs of Domitilla are the only catacombs in Rome that have an underground basilica and are one of only five Roman catacombs open to the public. Constructed during the second and third centuries, this labyrinth of underground passages contains frescoes and a wealth of Christian iconography while also presenting masterful engineering skills and innovative architectural techniques.
Visconti-Sforza Castle (Galliate)
The Visconti-Sforza Castle or Sforza Castle of Galliate is a medieval castle in Galliate, Piedmont, Northern Italy. It was erected in the 15th century by the Sforza, dukes of Milan, on a previous fortification (the Rocchetta) built by their progenitors Visconti.

House of Sforza
The House of Sforza (Italian: [ˈsfɔrtsa]) was a ruling family of Renaissance Italy, based in Milan. Sforza rule began with the family's acquisition of the Duchy of Milan following the extinction of the Visconti family in the mid-15th century and ended with the death of the last member of the family's main branch, Francesco II Sforza, in 1535.
Michele Valentini
Michele Valentini (born 9 June 1986) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder. Valentini spent his entire career between the Italian Serie C and Serie D with 399 appearances across the competitions.

Serie D
The Serie D (Italian pronunciation: [ˈseːrje ˈdi]) is the highest level of semi-professional football in Italy, and the fourth tier of the Italian national league system, the lowest one with a national organization. It sits beneath the third and lowest fully professional league, Serie C, and feeds in to it through promotion and relegation. Serie D is administered by the Lega Nazionale Dilettanti and is organized by the Roman Comitato Interregionale (Interregional Committee), a "league in the league" inside the LND.
1941 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships
The 1941 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships were organized by the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) and served as the national championships in outdoor track and field for the United States.

The men's edition was held at Franklin Field in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and it took place 24–25 June. The women's meet was held separately at Carey Stadium in Ocean City, New Jersey, on 5 July.

They were the last championships before World War II. At the men's championships, Grover Klemmer broke the 400 m world record and Fred Wolcott tied the 110 m hurdles world record. At the women's competition, the schedule had to be changed due to poor weather, and Jean Lane surprised Stella Walsh to win the 100 m.

Men's 110 metres hurdles world record progression
The following table shows the world record progression in the Men's 110 metres hurdles.

The first world record in the 110 metre hurdles for men (athletics) was recognized by the International Amateur Athletics Federation, now known as the International Association of Athletics Federations, in 1912. The IAAF ratified Forrest Smithson's 15.0 mark set at the 1908 London Olympic Games as the inaugural record.

To June 21, 2009, the IAAF has ratified 39 world records in the event.
Bamawm
Bamawm is a locality in the Australian state of Victoria. The district is located in the Campaspe Shire local government area, 215 kilometres (134 mi) north of the state capital, Melbourne. At the 2011 census, Bawmawm and the surrounding area had a population of 527. Bamawm shares a cricket club with Lockington, their home ground is the Bamawm sports stadium.

Bamawm shares an Australian rules football team with nearby Lockington—the Lockington Bamawm United Football Club—competing in the Heathcote District Football League.

Heathcote District Football League
The Heathcote District Football League (HDFL) is an Australian rules football competition based in the Heathcote region and major Bendigo area with clubs based in the regions of City of Greater Bendigo, Shire of Campaspe, and Shire of Gannawarra
Wisconsin Lottery
The Wisconsin Lottery is run by the Wisconsin Department of Revenue and was authorized in 1988 by the state legislature. It is a member of the Multi-State Lottery Association (MUSL). Its games consist of Mega Millions, Powerball, Megabucks, Supercash!, Badger 5, Pick 3, Pick 4, All or Nothing, and  scratch games. Since its founding,  it has generated $4.6 billion for property tax relief for state residents.

The minimum age to buy Wisconsin Lottery tickets is 18.

Multi-State Lottery Association
The Multi-State Lottery Association (MUSL) is an American non-profit, government-benefit association owned and operated by agreement of its 34 member lotteries. MUSL was created to facilitate the operation of multi-jurisdictional lottery games, most notably Powerball.

MUSL was formed in December 1987, by seven U.S. lotteries. Its first game was launched in February 1988, Lotto America. That game was changed to Powerball; its first drawing was in April 1992. Powerball was a unique game using two drums, suggested to MUSL by Steve Caputo of the Oregon Lottery.
Skelton Dam
The Skelton Dam is an embankment dam on the Saco River between the towns of Buxton and Dayton in York County, Maine. It is located about 7 mi (11 km) northwest of Saco and Biddeford. The dam was completed in 1948 with the primary purpose of hydroelectric power generation. The largest fish lift in Maine was completed on the dam in 2001. The dam and facilities are owned by Brookfield Renewable.

Brookfield Renewable Partners
Brookfield Renewable Partners L.P. is a publicly traded limited partnership that owns and operates renewable power assets, with corporate headquarters in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is 60% owned by Brookfield Asset Management.

As of the end of 2017, Brookfield Renewable owned over 200 hydroelectric plants, 100 wind farms, over 550 solar facilities, and four storage facilities, with approximately 16,400 MW of installed capacity.

Brookfield Asset Management claims to have "more than 100 years of experience as an owner, operator and developer of hydroelectric power facilities." It was founded in the 1890s in Brazil, where the company installed the first electrical lights and tramways in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro.
Minnesota functionals
Minnesota Functionals (Myz) are a group of highly parameterized approximate exchange-correlation energy functionals in density functional theory (DFT). They are developed by the group of Donald Truhlar at the University of Minnesota. The Minnesota functionals are available in a large number of popular quantum chemistry computer programs, and can be used for traditional quantum chemistry and solid-state physics calculations.

These functionals are based on the meta-GGA approximation, i.e. they include terms that depend on the kinetic energy density, and are all based on complicated functional forms parametrized on high-quality benchmark databases. The Myz functionals are widely used and tested in the quantum chemistry community.

Electronic correlation
Electronic correlation is the interaction between electrons in the electronic structure of a quantum system. The correlation energy is a measure of how much the movement of one electron is influenced by the presence of all other electrons.
135th Intelligence Squadron
The 135th Intelligence Squadron (135 IS) is a unit of the United States Air Force, allotted to the Maryland Air National Guard], located at Warfield Air National Guard Base, Middle River, Maryland. The 135th was active as a flying organization from 10 September 1955 to 30 September 2013. After 2013, it remained active but without assigned personnel or aircraft. In 2014, the Maryland Air National Guard requested the unit be reorganized and redesignated as the 135th Intelligence Squadron, and this request was approved by the National Guard Bureau effective 1 May 2016.

Middle River, Maryland
Middle River is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Baltimore County, Maryland, United States. The population was 33,203 at the 2020 census. A Middle River Train Station first appeared on the 1877 G.M. Hopkins & Co Baltimore County Map and by 1898 had a designated Post Office and modest street grid. The town expanded during the 1930s and 1940s and established the "Aero Acres" housing community which borders the railroad tracks and Martin Blvd. to serve as housing for people working at the Martin Aerospace Company. For this development, the architecture firm of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill designed gable-roofed Cape Cod houses with dimensions of 24 feet (7.3 m) by 28 feet (8.5 m), featuring large commercial-style windows in their principal rooms. In 1941 a total of 600 homes were built at Aero Acres using this design from Cemento (a cement/asbestos material).[2]
Octolobus
Octolobus is a genus of tropical forest trees in the family Malvaceae, subfamily Sterculioideae (previously placed in the Sterculiaceae). They are found in Central and West Africa and are closely related to the genus Cola. Both share a leaf structure with entire margins, featuring a cuneate base, three main veins, a pulvinus at the petiole tip, weak brochidodromous secondary veins, and multicellular glandular hairs on the epidermis.

Tropical forest
Tropical forests are forested ecoregions with tropical climates – that is, land areas approximately bounded by the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, but possibly affected by other factors such as prevailing winds.

Some tropical forest types are difficult to categorize. While forests in temperate areas are readily categorized on the basis of tree canopy density, such schemes do not work well in tropical forests. There is no single scheme that defines what a forest is, in tropical regions or elsewhere. Because of these difficulties, information on the extent of tropical forests varies between sources. However, tropical forests are extensive, making up just under half the world's forests. The tropical domain has the largest proportion of the world's forests (45 percent), followed by the boreal, temperate and subtropical domains.

More than 3.6 million hectares of virgin tropical forest was lost in 2018.