hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edmonton Chinese Bilingual Education Association
Edmonton Chinese Bilingual Education Association (ECBEA) is a non-profit educational organization working to promote the learning of the Chinese language alongside the regular school curriculum through a bilingual education program in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The program is unique in North America as it exists alongside the regular school curriculum and offers a complete continuum of studies from Kindergarten all the way to High School graduation. The society works in close association with the Edmonton Public Schools.

Bilingual education
In bilingual education, students are taught in two (or more) languages. It is distinct from learning a second language as a subject because both languages are used for instruction in different content areas like math, science, and history. The time spent in each language depends on the model. For example, some models focus on providing education in both languages throughout a student's entire education while others gradually transition to education in only one language. The ultimate goal of bilingual education is fluency and literacy in both languages through a variety of strategies such as translanguaging and recasting.
Gezina (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Gezina was a constituency in the Transvaal Province of South Africa, which existed from 1929 to 1958 and again from 1966 to 1994. It covered an area in the northern suburbs of Pretoria, the administrative capital of South Africa, centred on the suburb of Gezina. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Transvaal Provincial Council.

Transvaal (province)
The Province of Transvaal (Afrikaans: Provinsie van Transvaal), commonly referred to as the Transvaal (/ˈtrɑːnsvɑːl, ˈtræns-/; Afrikaans: [transˈfɑːl]), was a province of South Africa from 1910 until 1994, when a new constitution subdivided it following the end of apartheid. The name "Transvaal" is from the Latin prefix trans, which means across from, or on the other side. Hence, Transvaal refers to the province's geographical location to the north of the Vaal River. Its capital was Pretoria, which was also the country's executive capital.
Bryan Murphy (Gaelic footballer)
Bryan Murphy (born September 1967) is an Irish Gaelic football manager and former dual player of hurling and Gaelic football who played for club sides Bishopstown and Clane. He was a member of the Kildare senior football team for six years, while he also lined out with the Cork senior hurling team and the Cork senior football team.

Manager (Gaelic games)
In Gaelic games, a manager or (in Irish) bainisteoir is involved in the direction and instruction of the on-field operations of a team. The role entails the application of sport tactics and strategies during the game itself, and usually entails substitution of players and other such actions as needed. At games, the manager may sometimes wear a bib with the word "manager" or "bainisteoir" adorning it. Many managers were former players themselves, and are assisted in coaching the team by a group of selectors (in Irish roghnóirí).
Črešnjice pri Cerkljah
Črešnjice pri Cerkljah (pronounced [ˈtʃɾeːʃnjitsɛ pɾi ˈtseːɾkljax]; in older sources also Češnjice, German: Kerschdorf) is a settlement north of Cerklje ob Krki in the Municipality of Brežice in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

Cerklje ob Krki
Cerklje ob Krki (pronounced [ˈtseːɾkljɛ ɔp ˈkəɾki]; German: Zirkle) is a settlement on the left bank of the Krka River in the Municipality of Brežice in eastern Slovenia. It is best known for the Cerklje ob Krki Airport north of the settlement. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.
American Freedom Train (1975–1976)
The American Freedom Train tour in 1975 and 1976 was one of the many events that celebrated the United States Bicentennial. Consisting of 26 cars, the train was pulled by three steam locomotives. First was Reading Company No. 2101, a Class T-1 4-8-4 locomotive. Next, Southern Pacific No. 4449, a Class GS-4 4-8-4 locomotive, pulled the train across the Western United States. No. 4449 was painted in a special red, white, and blue livery to commemorate the event. Finally, Texas & Pacific No. 610, a Class I-1AR 2-10-4 locomotive, pulled the train along the remainder of the route. For a time, diesel locomotives pulled the train due to track conditions and light rail loadings along the Louisville & Nashville's route from New Orleans to Mobile, Alabama; diesels were also required to pull the train after one of the steam locomotives derailed in Chicago.

This article lists all of the station stops made by the train, which ran from April 1, 1975, to December 31, 1976.

United States Bicentennial
The United States Bicentennial was a series of celebrations and observances during the mid-1970s that paid tribute to historical events leading up to the creation of the United States as an independent republic. It was a central event in the memory of the American Revolution. The Bicentennial culminated on Sunday, July 4, 1976, with the 200th anniversary of the adoption of the Declaration of Independence by the Founding Fathers in the Second Continental Congress.
Ghalghai
Ghalghai (Ingush: pl. гIалгIай, [ˈʁəlʁɑj], sg. гIалгIа, [ˈʁəlʁɑ]) is the self-name (endonym) of the Ingush people.

There's no consensus among scholars on the etymology of the ethnonym as there exists different theories and speculations on its etymology. However, it is most often associated with the word "ghalā" (гIала), meaning "tower" or "fortress" and the plural form of the suffix of person, "gha" (гIа), thus, translated as "people/inhabitants of towers". It is also associated by some scholars with the ancient Gargareans and Gelae mentioned in the classical sources.

In Georgian sources, the ethnonym is mentioned in the form of Gligvi as an ethnonym during the reign of Mirian I, as well as the ruler of Kakheti Kvirike III. In Russian sources, "Ghalghai" first becomes known in the second half of the 16th century, in the form of "Kalkans/Kolkans", "Kalkan people".

Assa (river)
The Assa is a right tributary of the Sunzha in Georgia and Russia. It flows through the Dusheti Municipality of Mtskheta-Mtianeti in Georgia as well as Dzheyrakhsky and Sunzhensky Districts of Ingushetia and in Sernovodsky and Achkhoy-Martanovsky Districts of Chechnya, Russia.
1956–57 Santosh Trophy
The 1956–57 Santosh Trophy was the 13th edition of the Santosh Trophy, the main State competition for football in India. It was held in 1956 in Trivandrum, Kerala. Hyderabad beat Bombay 4–1 in the replayed final. The tournament had 70 minute matches.

Neville D'Souza
Neville Steven Joseph D'Souza (3 August 1932 – 16 March 1980) was an Indian footballer who played as a striker. During the "golden era of Indian football" under legendary coach Syed Abdul Rahim, he was recognised one of the finest strikers of the Indian national team and having a good eye for goal. He appeared in the 1956 Summer Olympics, and finished the campaign as joint top scorer of the tournament with four goals, inducing a hat-trick in the quarterfinals against hosts Australia.

D'Souza was also a field hockey player, having represented various teams in both domestic and international tournaments.
Undercover Boss Australia
Undercover Boss Australia is a localised version and third incarnation of the Undercover Boss franchise, the first series premiered on Network Ten on 18 October 2010 with the CEO of Domino's Pizza Australia, Don Meij. Each episode depicts a high-ranking executive or business owner acting as an entry-level employee to discover the problems in their company.

On 15 November 2010, Network Ten renewed the show for a second series. The second series began airing on 12 September 2011.

Undercover Boss
Undercover Boss is a reality television series franchise created by Stephen Lambert and produced in many countries. It originated in 2009 on the British Channel 4. The show’s format features the experiences of senior executives working undercover in their own companies to investigate how their firms really work and to identify how they can be improved, as well as to reward hard-working employees.
Live in Midgård
Live in Midgård is the first live album by Swedish symphonic metal band Therion. This double-disc album was recorded in Colombia, Germany and Hungary during the Secret of the Runes world tour in late 2001. Cover by Axel Jusseit and Thomas Ewerhard.

Theli (album)
Theli is the fifth studio album by Swedish symphonic metal band Therion. While Theli stays true to the band's roots in that it has a very dark sound, it is a major turning point in their history. Set, Egyptian god, is shown on the front cover . This was the last album on which Christofer Johnsson sang until 2004's Lemuria.  A music video was filmed for the song "To Mega Therion". The song "To Mega Therion" appears in the shockumentary film Traces of Death IV.
Rotterdam Business School
Rotterdam Business School (RBS; distinct from Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University) was founded in Rotterdam, Netherlands in 1990 as the International School of Economics Rotterdam, which developed study programmes in English. Rotterdam Business School is part of Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences and offers three types of study programmes: Bachelor, Master, and Special.

Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University
Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University (or RSM) is the business school of the Erasmus University Rotterdam located in Rotterdam, Netherlands. RSM offers undergraduate and postgraduate programmes mostly taught in English, including MBA, executive education, and PhD programmes.

Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University is ranked among the best business schools in Europe and in the world, while ranked 1st worldwide according to the 2021 Shanghai Global Ranking of Academic Subjects in the category Business Administration. RSM is also a member of the Partnership in International Management (PIM) network, and hosts a diverse international student body. In 2013, RSM became part of the Alliance of European and Chinese Business Schools, which is under the patronage of the European Federation of Management Development.
Depopulation of Havaru Thinadhoo
The depopulation of Havaru Thinadhoo occurred in 1962, following the formation of the United Suvadive Republic. Thinadhoo, the wealthiest island at the time, was forcibly depopulated and destroyed. Before this event, which has been described as ethnic cleansing, the island had a population of over 6,000. It is estimated that as many as 4,000 residents either perished from starvation or were killed.

Thinadhoo City
Thinadhoo City is the capital of Gaafu Dhaalu region in the atoll of Huvadhu of the Maldives. It has its own dialect of Dhivehi which is considerably different from northern speech.

The name Thinadhoo is derived from Euphorbia hirta, locally known as Thina Vina (Thina Weed), a pantropical weed used for herbal medicines which grew in the island.

The island was formerly known as Havaru Thinadhoo and it was the traditional seat of the Atoll Chief. The island has a vibrant history of unrest and revolution.

Thinadhoo was the wealthiest island in the country before it was forcefully depopulated and demolished entirely in 1962. The rich merchants of the island were known to have assisted even the capital when in need.
Zubivka
The zubivka (Ukrainian: Зубівка, Hungarian: Beregfogaras), also known as skosivka, skisna dudka, or frukanka, is considered one of the oldest folk wind instruments in Ukraine and is found primarily in the Carpathian region.

It was first described by wandering Arabic scholars in the 11th century. This instrument is very similar to the telenka, only instead of having a fipple, it is played like the sopilka or frilka, by having the breath break against the side of the pipe. This surface is wedge-shaped. The zubivka is usually approximately 60 cm (24 in) long.

Telenka
The telenka (Ukrainian: Теленка) (telynka, tylynka) is an overtone flute, a primitive form of dentsivka without fingerholes.

The pitch produced from the instrument is changed by placing a finger into the open end of the pipe, and covering this opening by a half or third etc. and also by the strength of the player's breath.

It is made from linden, elder, sycamore or willow.  Its length is approximately 35 to 40 cm (14 to 16 in), although instruments can range up to 60 cm (24 in) in length.

This instrument is very common in Romania especially in the areas bordering with the Ukrainian Bukovina area where it is known as the tilinca. A Romanian tilinca without top is often confused with the Hungarian tilinko with top, which is easier to play for beginners (in a way, a Romanian kaval without fingerholes).

The telenka, along with the sopilka, is a prominent instrument in Kalush Orchestra's 2022 song "Stefania", which won the Eurovision Song Contest for Ukraine.
Didemnum
Didemnum is a genus of colonial tunicates in the family Didemnidae. It is the most speciose genus in the didemnid family. Species in this genus often have small calcareous spicules embedded in the tunic and form irregular or lobed colonies. Some Didemnum species, including Didemnum vexillum and Didemnum perlucidem are considered invasive species. In early 2006, Didemnum vexillum was found covering a 230 km2 area of cobble habitat in Georges Bank off the coast of New England, and is classified as an invasive species of greatest concern in coastal areas throughout Europe, New Zealand, and North America. Didemnum sp. invasions have also been recorded in Canada, the Mediterranean, and the Netherlands.

Species in this genus can be found in tropical or temperate regions. Some tropical species such as Didemnum molle have photosynthetic algae in their tunics.

Didemnum molle
Didemnum molle is a species of colonial tunicate in the family Didemnidae. It is commonly known as the tall urn ascidian, the green barrel sea squirt or the green reef sea-squirt. It is native to the Red Sea and  the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific region.
Bangladesh men's national basketball team
The Bangladesh national basketball team is the national basketball team representing Bangladesh. It is administered by the Bangladesh Basketball Federation. The team's top achievement to date was the bronze medal at the 2010 South Asian Games.

Bangladesh Basketball Federation
Bangladesh Basketball Federation is the national organization for basketball and is responsible for governing the sport in Bangladesh. Dr Shamim Newaz is the president and Major Mohammad Atiqul Hafeez (Retd.) is the general secretary of the federation.
Ausones
"Ausones" (Ancient Greek: Αὔσονες; Italian: Ausoni), the original name and the extant Greek form for the Latin "Aurunci", was a name applied by Greek writers to describe various Italic peoples inhabiting the southern and central regions of Italy.  The term was used, specifically, to denote the particular tribe which Livy termed the Aurunci, but later it was applied to all Italians, and Ausonia became a poetic term, in Greek and Latin, for Italy itself.

Italic peoples
The concept of Italic peoples is widely used in linguistics and historiography of ancient Italy. In a strict sense, commonly used in linguistics, it refers to the Osco-Umbrians and Latino-Faliscans, speakers of the Italic languages, a subgroup of the Indo-European language family.  In a broader sense, commonly used in historiography, all the ancient peoples of Italy are referred to as Italic peoples, including the non-Indo-European ones, as Rhaetians, Ligures and Etruscans. As the Latins achieved a dominant position among these tribes, by virtue of the expansion of the Roman civilization, the other Italic tribes adopted Latin language and culture as part of the process of Romanization.
The Displeasure
The Displeasure (French: La Grogne) is a Canadian animated short film, directed by Alisi Telengut and released in 2021. A fantastical fable, the film centres on a battle of wills between a young girl and the family dog for the attention of the girl's father.

The film premiered in October 2021 at the 2021 Festival du nouveau cinéma.

The film won the Prix Iris for Best Animated Short Film at the 24th Quebec Cinema Awards in 2022.

Prix Iris for Best Animated Short Film
The Prix Iris for Best Animated Short Film (French: Prix Iris du meilleur film d'animation) is an annual film award presented by Québec Cinéma as part of its Prix Iris program, to honour the year's best animated short film made within the cinema of Quebec.
Neve Yerushalayim
Neve Yerushalayim (Hebrew: נוה ירושלים) is the oldest and largest college for Jewish women in the world. Founded in 1970 to educate baalot teshuva (female returnees to Orthodox Judaism) in the why and how of living an Orthodox Jewish life, Neve has approximately 35,000 alumni. Its campus in the Har Nof neighborhood of Jerusalem is also home to 11 schools and seminaries for post-high school, undergraduate, and graduate students from religious backgrounds.

Bais Yaakov
Bais Yaakov (Hebrew: בית יעקב, romanized: Beit Ya’akov, lit. 'House [of] Jacob', also Beis Yaakov, Beit Yaakov, Beth Jacob or Beys Yankev) is a genericized name for full-time Haredi Jewish elementary and secondary schools for girls worldwide.

Bais Yaakov, started by Sarah Schenirer in post-World War I
Kraków, was at the time a revolutionary approach to Jewish women's education. The schools have risen to prominence in Haredi communities within Orthodox Judaism, with branches located worldwide in every Jewish community with a significant population.

While many of these schools carry the Bais Yaakov name, they are not necessarily affiliated, though they may be for other reasons.
Timeline of jet power
This article outlines the important developments in the history of the development of the air-breathing (duct) jet engine. Although the most common type, the gas turbine powered jet engine, was certainly a 20th-century invention, many of the needed advances in theory and technology leading to this invention were made well before this time.

The jet engine was clearly an idea whose time had come. Frank Whittle submitted his first patent in 1930.  By the late 1930s there were six teams chasing development, three in Germany, two in the UK and one in Hungary. By 1942 they had been joined by another half dozen British companies, three more in the United States based on British technology, and early efforts in the Soviet Union and Japan based on British and German designs respectively. For some time after the World War II, British designs dominated, but by the 1950s there were many competitors, particularly in the US with its huge arms-buying programme.

Motorjet
A motorjet is a rudimentary type of jet engine which is sometimes referred to as thermojet, a term now commonly used to describe a particular and completely unrelated pulsejet design. It uses a piston engine to drive a compressor when was then used to combust fuel, similar to a jet engine.
The Last Man on Earth (TV series)
The Last Man on Earth is an American post-apocalyptic comedy television series created by Will Forte. It aired on the Fox television network from March 1, 2015, to May 6, 2018. In addition to Forte starring in the title role, the series also starred Kristen Schaal, January Jones, Mel Rodriguez, Cleopatra Coleman and Mary Steenburgen as a small group of survivors.

Originally introduced as a mid-season replacement, the series aired 67 episodes over four seasons. It ended with a cliffhanger episode, to be resolved in the fifth season, but was canceled the week after the fourth season ended.

Life After People
Life After People is a television series on which scientists, mechanical engineers, and other experts speculate about what might become of planet Earth if humanity suddenly disappeared. The featured experts also talk about the impact of human absence on the environment and the vestiges of civilization thus left behind. The series was preceded by a two-hour special that aired on January 21, 2008, on the History Channel which served as a de facto pilot for the series that premiered April 21, 2009. The documentary and subsequent series were both narrated by James Lurie.

After a 15-year hiatus, History premiered a new third season on July 14, 2025. This third season used AI to generate most of the show.
United Tournament
The United Tournament or United Supercup was an exhibition football club tournament between two best clubs from Ukraine and two from Russia. The context of the tournament were the talks which are held regarding creating the United CIS championship, or joint Russia–Ukraine league. The organisers of the tournament were the same people in charge of drafting a proposal for the united league. (two-legged ties for all pairs of clubs from different countries,), but at the second edition it was changed to a round-robin.

In 2014, the War in Donbas and conflict between Russia and Ukraine put the idea to create a united tournament between the nations on halt.

FC Zenit Saint Petersburg
Football Club Zenit (Russian: Футбольный клуб «Зенит», romanized: Futbolny klub "Zenit", pronounced [fʊdˈbolʲnɨj ˈklub zʲɪˈnʲit]), also known as Zenit Saint Petersburg or simply Zenit, is a Russian professional football club based in Saint Petersburg. Founded in 1925 (or in 1914, according to some Russian sources), the club plays in the Russian Premier League. They won the 2007, 2010, 2011–12, 2014–15, 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23 and the 2023–24 seasons of the Russian Premier League, as well as the 2007–08 UEFA Cup and the 2008 UEFA Super Cup. The club is owned and sponsored by the Russian state-owned energy giant Gazprom. The team plays its home matches at the Gazprom Arena. On 24 May 2023, Zenit became the first Russian sports club with 10 million followers on social media.
Pi Andromedae
Pi Andromedae is a binary star system in the northern constellation of Andromeda. Its Bayer designation is latinized from π Andromedae, and abbreviated Pi And or π And, respectively. With an apparent visual magnitude of 4.4, it is visible to the naked eye. Based on parallax measurements, it is located at a distance of approximately 580 light-years (180 parsecs) from Earth.

The pair is classified as a blue-white B-type main sequence dwarf, with an apparent magnitude of +4.34. It is a spectroscopic binary with an orbital period of 143.5 days and an eccentricity of 0.54.

The spectroscopic binary forms a triple system with BD+32 102, a magnitude 8.6 star located 35.9 arcseconds away. At 55 arcseconds separation is an 11th magnitude companion that is just located on the same line of sight, but at a very different distance from us.

Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1564 stars. The brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria. Bayer catalogued only a few stars too far south to be seen from Germany, but later astronomers (including Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and Benjamin Apthorp Gould) supplemented Bayer's catalog with entries for southern constellations.