hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
20 College Green
20 College Green is an early 17th-century house located in Gloucester. Together with the associated part of the Abbey Precinct Wall the house is a Grade II* listed building with Historic England. It is located in the precincts of Gloucester Cathedral. The house was begun in 1596, but was altered and added to in the 18th century. The house incorporates the 12th century precinct wall of St Peter's Abbey as well as another wall that lay between the former monk's cemetery to the east and the lay cemetery to the west. 20 College Green was listed as a Grade II* listed building on 12 March 1973.
Its residents have included the musicians Herbert Sumsion and John Sanders.

John Sanders (musician)
John Derek Sanders OBE, FRCO (23 November 1933 – 23 December 2003) was an English organist, conductor, choir trainer and composer.  He was organist of Gloucester Cathedral from 1967 to 1994, and director of the Three Choirs Festival from 1968 to 1994.
Oravský Podzámok
Oravský Podzámok (Hungarian: Árvaváralja) is a village and municipality in Dolný Kubín District in the Zilina Region of northern Slovakia. Orava Castle is located in the village.

The village is located at 508 m (1677 ft) and has a population of 1331 inhabitants.

Factory OFZ, Istebné, the largest Slovak producer of ferroalloys, is located in Oravský Podzámok.

Dolný Kubín District
Dolný Kubín District (okres Dolný Kubín) is a district in
the Žilina Region of central Slovakia. The district is located in a hilly area north of the Malá Fatra and Choč mountain ranges. The engineering, electrical engineering, metallurgy and wood processing industries represent the core of this district's economy.  The district seat is its largest town Dolný Kubín.
Aleksandr Volkov (volleyball)
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Volkov (Russian: Александр Александрович Волков; born 14 February 1985) is a former Russian volleyball player, a member of Russia men's national volleyball team. He was 2012 Olympic Champion, bronze medalist of the 2008 Olympic Games, gold medalist of the 2011 World Cup, silver medalist of the 2007 European Championship, multimedalist of the World League. Recently he is a head coach of Belogorie.

VC Zenit-Kazan
VC Zenit-Kazan (Russian: Зенит-Казань), until 2008 known as Dinamo Tattransgaz Kazan (Russian: Динамо-Таттрансгаз), is a professional men's volleyball team based in Kazan, Russia. It plays in the Super League (11-time champion).
Tamamura Kōzaburō
Tamamura Kōzaburō (玉村 康三郎) (1856—1923?) was a Japanese photographer. In 1874 he opened a photographic studio in Asakusa, Tokyo and subsequently moved to Yokohama in 1883, opening his most successful studio. He was an originator of the Yokohama shashin photographic scene. His studio was still operating in 1909.

Asakusa
Asakusa (浅草; Japanese: [asakɯ̥ꜜsa] ⓘ) is a district in Taitō, Tokyo, Japan. It is known for Sensō-ji, a Buddhist temple dedicated to the bodhisattva Kannon. There are several other temples in Asakusa, as well as various festivals, such as Sanja Matsuri.
Bart Farley
Stewart Bart Farley is an American retired soccer goalkeeper who played professionally in the North American Soccer League and Major Indoor Soccer League.

A native of Williston, Vermont, Farley attended Williston Central School, Champlain Valley Union High School, and the University of Vermont where he was a 1978 Honorable Mention (third team) All American soccer player. He is a member of the Vermont Catamounts Hall of Fame.  In 1979, he signed with the Detroit Lightning of the  Major Indoor Soccer League. In 1980, he moved to the Detroit Express of the North American Soccer League.  He also served as an assistant coach with the University of Virginia.  He currently works for the Las Vegas Premier Soccer Club.

In December 1999, Sports Illustrated named him as one of the top 50 Vermont athletes.

Vermont Catamounts
The Vermont Catamounts are the varsity intercollegiate athletic programs of the University of Vermont, based in Burlington, Vermont, United States. The school sponsors 18 athletic programs (8 men's, 10 women's), most of which compete in the NCAA Division I America East Conference (AEC), of which the school has been a member since 1979. The men's and women's ice hockey programs compete in Hockey East. The men's and women's alpine and nordic skiing teams compete in the Eastern Intercollegiate Ski Association (EISA). The school's athletic director is Jeff Schulman.

The Catamounts have won seven national championships, 6 in skiing and 1 in men's soccer. The program's mascot is Rally and colors are green and gold.
Fast Mail
Many railroads ran trains named Fast Mail, including:

Fast Mail (Amtrak train) – Amtrak

Fast Mail (C&NW train) – Chicago & North Western

Fast Mail (CB&Q train) - Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad

Fast Mail (Great Northern train) – Great Northern Railway (U.S.)

Fast Mail (MC train) - Michigan Central Railroad

Fast Mail (Milwaukee Road train) – Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad

Fast Mail (NYC train) – New York Central Railroad

Fast Mail (Southern Railway train) - Southern Railway (U.S.) had a Fast Mail train more famously known as "Old 97" which was in the Wreck of the Old 97 in 1903.

Milwaukee Road
The Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad (CMStP&P), better known as the Milwaukee Road (reporting mark MILW), was a Class I railroad that operated in the Midwest and Northwest of the United States from 1847 until 1986.

The company experienced financial difficulty through the 1970s and 1980s, including bankruptcy in 1977 (though it filed for bankruptcy twice in 1925 and 1935, respectively). In 1980, it abandoned its Pacific Extension, which included track in the states of Montana, Idaho, and Washington. The remaining system was merged into the Soo Line Railroad (reporting mark SOO), a subsidiary of Canadian Pacific Railway (reporting mark CP), on January 1, 1986. Much of its historical trackage remains in use by other railroads. The company brand is commemorated by buildings like the historic Milwaukee Road Depot in Minneapolis and preserved locomotives such as Milwaukee Road 261 which operates excursion trains.
Nepenthes deaniana
Nepenthes deaniana (/nɪˈpɛnθiːz ˌdiːniˈɑːnə/; after Dean C. Worcester) is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to the Philippines, where it grows at an altitude of 1,180–1,296 m above sea level. The species is known only from the summit region of Thumb Peak, a relatively small, ultramafic mountain in Puerto Princesa Province, Palawan.

Nepenthes deaniana has no known natural hybrids. No forms or varieties have been described.

In his Carnivorous Plant Database, taxonomist Jan Schlauer treats N. gantungensis, N. leonardoi and N. mira as heterotypic synonyms of N. deaniana.

Adolph Daniel Edward Elmer recorded a plant from Mount Pulgar (now known as Thumb Peak) matching the description of N. deaniana. He made mention of this discovery in the April 20, 1912 issue of Leaflets of Philippine Botany, in his formal description of N. graciliflora:

Recently the writer [Elmer] observed a large sterile species on mount Pulgar of Palawan. Some of its pitchers were a foot long and six inches thick!

Dean Conant Worcester
Dean Conant Worcester, D.Sc., FRGS (October 1, 1866 – May 2, 1924) was an American zoologist, public official, and writer on the Philippines. He was born at Thetford, Vermont, and educated at the University of Michigan (A.B., 1889). Worcester's involvement with the Philippines began in 1887 when he joined a scientific expedition to the region as a junior member. This experience laid the groundwork for his controversial career in the early American colonial government, which commenced in 1899. He held firm beliefs in the colonial mission and vehemently opposed Philippine independence. Worcester's influence extended as he served as the Secretary of the Interior of the Philippine Islands until 1913. Afterward, he shifted his focus to business endeavors, particularly in coconut farming and processing, cattle raising, and maritime shipping lines. He died in the Philippines, leaving behind a legacy of both public service and entrepreneurial success.
Protocol of Kapshtica
Protocol of Kapshtica also known as Kapshtica Protocol, or Kapshtica Agreement, was an agreement between Albanian and Greek representatives signed in the border town of Kapshticë on 28 May 1920. Under this agreement both sides accepted the pre-World War I Greek-Albanian border status, as well as a number of provisions for the protection of the local Greek population of Korçë District and its educational and religious rights.

Korçë District
Korçë District (Albanian: Rrethi i Korçës), was one of the 36 districts of Albania, which were dissolved in July 2000 and replaced by 12 counties. It had a population of 143,499 in 2001, and an area of 1,752 km2 (676 sq mi). Its capital was the city of Korçë. Its territory is now part of Korçë County: the municipalities of Korçë, Maliq and Pustec.

Korçë District was considered one of two main minority regions of the country's south.
During World War I the French created the Republic of Korça in the area.
Courage Quashigah
Major Courage Emmanuel Kobla Quashigah (9 September 1947 – 5 January 2010) was a Ghanaian soldier and politician. He held many prominent positions in the Ghana Armed Forces and was a Minister of State for Agriculture and later Health in the NPP government of John Kufuor between 2001 and 2009. He also has a daughter called Rosalind Eleazar who is a British actress.

Minister of State
Minister of state is a designation for a government minister, with varying meanings in different jurisdictions. In a number of European countries, the title is given as an honorific conferring a higher rank, often bestowed upon senior ministers. Conversely, in the United Kingdom and several other Commonwealth countries, "minister of state" is a junior rank, subordinate to a minister of higher rank. Finally, in other countries such as Australia, Brazil and Japan, all government ministers hold the title of "minister of state".
Jean-Augustin Franquelin
Jean-Augustin Franquelin (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ oɡystɛ̃ fʁɑ̃klɛ̃]; 1798 – 1839), was instructed by Regnault, and became known through his works, representing scenes in public life, conversation-pieces, &c., which have often been copied. The painting of The Occupation of Brissac, by this artist, is at Versailles.

Conversation piece
A conversation piece refers to a group portrait in a domestic or landscape setting depicting persons chatting or otherwise socializing with each other.  The persons depicted may be members of a family as well as friends, members of a society or hunt, or some other grouping who are shown sharing common activities such as hunts, meals, or musical parties. It was an especially popular genre in 18th-century England, beginning from the 1720s, largely due to the influence of William Hogarth. Similar paintings can also be found in other periods and outside of England. The setting of various figures "conversing" in an intimate setting appears to call for small-scale paintings, but some artists treated this subject manner in the Grand Manner, with almost life-size figures.
Ilium (novel)
Ilium is a science fiction novel by American writer Dan Simmons, the first part of the Ilium/Olympos cycle, concerning the re-creation of the events in the Iliad on an alternate Earth and Mars. These events are set in motion by beings who have taken on the roles of the Greek gods. Like Simmons's earlier series, the Hyperion Cantos, the novel is a form of "literary science fiction" that relies heavily on intertextuality, in this case with Homer and Shakespeare, as well as periodic references to Marcel Proust's À la recherche du temps perdu (or In Search of Lost Time)  and Vladimir Nabokov's novel Ada or Ardor: A Family Chronicle. In July 2004, Ilium received a Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel of 2004.

Ada, or Ardor: A Family Chronicle
Ada, or Ardor: A Family Chronicle is a novel by Vladimir Nabokov. It was originally published in 1969 by McGraw Hill Book Company and is currently published by Penguin Random House.

Ada, or Ardor began to materialize in 1959, when Nabokov was flirting with two projects, "The Texture of Time" and "Letters from Terra." In 1965, he began to see a link between the two ideas, finally composing a unified novel from February 1966 to October 1968. The published cumulation would become his longest work. Ada was initially given a mixed reception. However, writing in The New York Times Book Review, noted scholar Alfred Appel called it "a great work of art, a necessary book, radiant and rapturous," and said that it "provides further evidence that he is a peer of Kafka, Proust and Joyce."
Joby Shaw
Stephen John Shaw (c. 1934 – 31 July 2010), also known by the nickname of "Joby", was an English World Cup winning professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1950s and 1960s. He played at representative level for Great Britain and Yorkshire, and at club level for Wakefield Trinity and Halifax, as a hooker.

Belle Vue (Wakefield)
Belle Vue, also known as the DIY Kitchens Stadium for sponsorship reasons, in Wakefield, England, is the home of Rugby League club Wakefield Trinity RLFC and, previously, Association Football club Wakefield A.F.C. It is on the A638 Doncaster Road, a mile south of Wakefield city centre.
House of Méndez de Sotomayor
The House of Méndez de Sotomayor is a branch of the House of Sotomayor that rose to prominence during King Ferdinand III of Castile's reign and went on to found the Señorio del Castillo de Carpio. The house was known for its service to both the Kingdom of Castile and the Kingdom of Spain.

Kingdom of Castile
The Kingdom of Castile (/kæˈstiːl/; Spanish: Reino de Castilla: Latin: Regnum Castellae) was a polity in the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages. It traces its origins to the 9th-century County of Castile (Spanish: Condado de Castilla, Latin: Comitatus Castellae), as an eastern frontier lordship of the Kingdom of León. During the 10th century, the Castilian counts increased their autonomy, but it was not until 1065 that it was separated from the Kingdom of León and became a kingdom in its own right. Between 1072 and 1157, it was again united with León, and after 1230, the union became permanent.

Throughout that period, the Castilian kings made extensive conquests in southern Iberia at the expense of the Islamic principalities. The Kingdoms of Castile and of León, with their southern acquisitions, came to be known collectively as the Crown of Castile, a term that also came to encompass overseas expansion.
Box Moor Trust
51°44′37″N 0°30′23″W﻿ / ﻿51.74361°N 0.50639°W﻿ / 51.74361; -0.50639

The Box Moor Trust is a charitable trust responsible for the management of nearly 500 acres of land within the parishes of Hemel Hempstead and Bovingdon, in Hertfordshire, England. The trust was officially founded in 1594 in order to ensure that the land in the Boxmoor area remained free for residents to use and enjoy. As a result, almost all of the land that comprises the Box Moor Trust estate is open access, with just over a quarter being common land.

Charitable trust
A charitable trust is an irrevocable trust established for charitable purposes. In some jurisdictions, it is a more specific term than "charitable organization". A charitable trust enjoys varying degrees of tax benefits in most countries and also generates goodwill. Some important terminology in charitable trusts includes the term "corpus" (Latin for "body"), referring to the assets with which the trust is funded, and the term "donor," which is the person donating assets to a charity.
John Rickert
John "JR" Rickert (born July 8, 1970) is an American sports agent who represents players in the National Football League, Major League Baseball, and the National Basketball Association, as well as boxers.  He is the chief operating officer of Authentic Athletix Sports Agency's East Coast Offices, and is the owner of JR Sports Enterprises.  Additionally, he is a former high school teacher and coach, and the former principal of Niskayuna High School.

Josh Cribbs
Joshua Cribbs (born June 9, 1983) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver and return specialist in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Kent State Golden Flashes and was signed by the Cleveland Browns as an undrafted free agent after the 2005 NFL draft. Cribbs is tied for the second-most NFL career record with eight kickoff returns for touchdowns, and also the NFL record with two kickoffs of 100 yards or more returned for touchdowns in a single game. He has also played for the New York Jets, the Oakland Raiders and the Indianapolis Colts. He was most recently a special teams coaching intern for the Cleveland Browns.
Henry M. Munro
Henry M. Munro (May 17, 1840 – December 28, 1915) was a farmer and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Annapolis County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1882 to 1886 as a Liberal member.

He was born in Kings County, Nova Scotia and was self-educated. In 1868, he married Margaret Spinney. Munro was principal of a public school for five years. Munro died at Kingston Station in Annapolis County, Nova Scotia.

Nova Scotia Liberal Party
The Nova Scotia Liberal Party (officially the Liberal Association of Nova Scotia) is a centrist provincial political party in Nova Scotia, Canada and the provincial section of the Liberal Party of Canada. The party currently holds two seats in the Legislature, under the interim leadership of Iain Rankin. The party was in power most recently from the 2013 election until the 2021 election.

The party is the only party in the province with uninterrupted presence in the legislature since confederation. It has formed the Government of Nova Scotia for 90 of the approximately 160 years since it became a province of Canada. It won 25 of the province's 42 elections, but was supplanted by the Nova Scotia New Democratic Party as the official opposition for three consecutive elections in 1999, 2003 and 2006, and again in the most recent election in 2024.
Anagyrus Painter
The Anagyros Painter or Anagyrus Painter was a vase painter of the early Attic black-figure style, active in the first quarter of the 6th century BC. His works have only been found in inland Attica, mainly at Vari (ancient Anagyros, which is the base of his conventional name), but not in Athens itself. It is thus assumed that he was not active within the city and only produced for a very limited rural area. In contrast to many of his contemporaries, he did not paint lekanes but various large formats, such as amphorae, kantharoi, chalices, oinochoai and plates.

Vari
Vari (Greek: Βάρη) is a southern suburb of Athens and a former municipality in East Attica, Greece, along the Athens coast. The ancient Athenian deme of Anagyrous was situated here.

Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Vari-Voula-Vouliagmeni, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 22.633 km2.
Savski Nasip
Savski Nasip (Serbian: Савски Насип) is an urban neighborhood of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It is located in Belgrade's municipality of Novi Beograd. In wider sense, the term is used for the entire left bank of the Sava on the territory of the New Belgrade, which is partially being arranged as the pedestrian "Sava quay" (Savski kej). Since early 2010s, the term was colloquially attached to the westernmost section of the bank, the riparian zone which is threatened by the illegal construction of weekend houses in the forbidden zone.

Wharf
A wharf (pl. wharves or wharfs), quay (/kiː/ kee, also /keɪ, kweɪ/ k(w)ay), staith, or staithe is a structure on the shore of a harbour or on the bank of a river or canal where ships may dock to load and unload cargo or passengers. Such a structure includes one or more berths (mooring locations), and may also include piers, warehouses, or other facilities necessary for handling the ships. Wharves are often considered to be a series of docks at which boats are stationed. A marginal wharf is connected to the shore along its full length.
Curtiss-Wright CW-14 Osprey
The Curtiss-Wright CW-14, named variously Travel Air, Sportsman, Speedwing and Osprey is an American 3-seat open cockpit single-bay biplane from the 1930s that was developed by Travel Air as a replacement for the highly successful Travel Air 4000. As a result of the Great Depression, which also limited sales, Travel Air merged into the Curtiss-Wright group of companies before production could start, so all examples were built by Curtiss-Wright. Its main claim to fame would be as the most numerous aircraft used in the Chaco war, where it formed the backbone of the Bolivian Air Force.

Unocal Corporation
Union Oil Company of California, and its holding company Unocal Corporation, together known as Unocal /ˈjuːnoʊkæl/ was a major petroleum explorer and marketer in the late 19th century, through the 20th century, and into the early 21st century. It was headquartered in El Segundo, California, United States.

Unocal was involved in domestic and global energy projects. Unocal was one of the key players in the CentGas consortium, which attempted to build the Trans-Afghanistan Pipeline to run from the Caspian area, through Afghanistan, to the Indian Ocean, at a time after the Taliban siege of Kabul in 1996.

On August 10, 2005, Chevron acquired Unocal for US$17.9 billion (equivalent to $27.5 billion in 2025), making it a wholly owned subsidiary. Unocal then ceased operations as an independent company, but continues to conduct many operations as Union Oil Company of California, a Chevron company.
Molecular diagnostics
Molecular diagnostics is a collection of techniques used to analyze biological markers in the genome and proteome, and how their cells express their genes as proteins, applying molecular biology to medical testing. In medicine the technique is used to diagnose and monitor disease, detect risk, and decide which therapies will work best for individual patients,: foreword  and in agricultural biosecurity similarly to monitor crop- and livestock disease, estimate risk, and decide what quarantine measures must be taken.

By analysing the specifics of the patient and their disease, molecular diagnostics offers the prospect of personalised medicine.
These tests are useful in a range of medical specialties, including infectious disease, oncology, human leucocyte antigen typing (which investigates and predicts immune function), coagulation, and pharmacogenomics—the genetic prediction of which drugs will work best.: v-vii  They overlap with clinical chemistry (medical tests on bodily fluids).

Risk
Risk is the possibility of something bad happening, comprising a level of uncertainty about the effects and implications of an activity, particularly negative and undesirable consequences.

Risk theory, assessment, and management are applied but substantially differ in different practice areas, such as business, economics, environment, finance, information technology, health, insurance, safety, security, and privacy. The international standard for risk management, ISO 31000, provides general guidelines and principles on managing risks faced by organizations.
Tönnies
Tönnies is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ferdinand Tönnies (1855–1936), German sociologist

Gustav Tönnies (1814 – 1886), Swedish carpenter, architect and industrialist

Johann Friedrich Tönnies (1662 – 1736), German merchant and banker

Michael Tönnies (1959–2017), German football player

Rudolf Tönnies (1869 – 1929), Austro-Hungarian and Yugoslav architect and politician

Thorsten Tönnies (born 1991), German footballer

Clemens Tönnies (born 1956), German billionaire and main shareholder of Tönnies Holding

Clemens Tönnies
Clemens Tönnies (ˈkleːmɛns ˈtœnjəs) is a German businessperson and billionaire who owns 45% of the meat processing company Tönnies Holding. In 2022, Forbes estimated his wealth at 1.6 billion US dollars. From 2001 to 2020, he was a chairman of the supervisory board of the football club FC Schalke 04.