hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Desmarestia
Desmarestia, also known as acid weed, acid kelp, acidweed, sea sorrel, mermaid's hair, and landlady's wig is a genus of brown algae found worldwide. However, 'sea sorrel' can also specifically refer to Desmarestia viridis. Members of this genus can be either annual or perennial.  Annual members of this genus store sulfuric acid in intracellular vacuoles. When exposed to air they release the acid, thereby destroying themselves and nearby seaweeds in the process. They are found in shallow intertidal zones.

Ingesting sulfuric acid can cause severe digestive disturbances, but since sulfuric acid tastes extremely sour, members of the genus are unlikely to be eaten in harmful quantities.

The genus was named in honor of Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest.

Joseph Dalton Hooker
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British botanist and explorer in the 19th century. He was a founder of geographical botany and Charles Darwin's closest friend. For 20 years he served as director of the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, succeeding his father, William Jackson Hooker, and was awarded the highest honours of British science.
Sidney Abrahams
Sir Sidney Solomon Abrahams PC QC (11 February 1885 – 14 May 1957), nicknamed Solly, was a British barrister, judge, and Olympic athlete. He served as Chief Justice of Ceylon and as a member of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council. He was the older brother of famed Olympian Harold Abrahams.

Athletics at the Summer Olympics
Athletics has been contested at every Summer Olympics since the birth of the modern Olympic movement at the 1896 Summer Olympics. The athletics program traces its earliest roots to events used in the ancient Greek Olympics. The modern program includes track and field events, road running events, and race walking events. Cross country running was also on the program in earlier editions but it was dropped after the 1924 Summer Olympics.
Padikkadavan (1985 film)
Padikkadavan (transl. Uneducated Man) is a 1985 Indian Tamil-language action drama film, starring Sivaji Ganesan, Rajinikanth and Ambika. It is directed by Rajasekhar. The film was produced by Kannada actor Ravichandran along with his father N. Veeraswamy. It is a remake of the Hindi film Khud-Daar (1982).

The story is about a man who strives hard to make his younger brother study. The two brothers are the step-brothers of Rajasekhar. The younger brother of Rajendran after distressing from him finally joins with him. All three of them finally join after certain conviction regarding a death. It was released on 11 November 1985 and became a major commercial success at the box office and 250 days at theatres and reestablished Rajinikanth as box office king also established more fanbase in rural areas .

Ambika (actress)
Ambika is an Indian actress known for her work predominantly across the entire southern film industry and in several tele serials. She has also acted in an English film (Indian-American), to date. She was one of the top South Indian heroines for more than a decade from 1976 to 1989. Her younger sister Radha was also an actress. They acted together in a number of South Indian films during the peak of their career. The sisters runs a movie studio called 'ARS Studios', which they converted into a hotel complex in 2013.
Unni Wilhelmsen
Unni Elisabeth Wilhelmsen (born 12 July 1971) is a Norwegian singer, songwriter, and musician. Her musical influences are pop music and the American tradition of the singer-songwriter in which the lyrics play an important role as well as the music. She lives in Oslo but has throughout her career had the whole of Norway as a venue. When she made her breakthrough in 1996 with her debut album To Whom It May Concern (Polygram), she became an important mediator of the singer-songwriter genre, a genre that has a broad audience in Norwegian popular music.

Singer-songwriter
A singer-songwriter is a musician who writes, composes, and performs their own musical material, including lyrics and melodies. In the United States, the category is built on the folk-acoustic tradition with a guitar, although this role has transmuted through different eras of popular music. Traditionally, these musicians would write and sing songs personal to them. Singer-songwriters often provide the sole musical accompaniment to an entire song. The piano is also an instrument of choice.
Kaalinga
Kalinga (pronunciationⓘ) is a 1980 Indian Kannada-language film directed by V. Somashekhar and produced by Srikanth Nahatha. The film stars Vishnuvardhan, Rati Agnihotri, Udaykumar, and Vajramuni. It is a remake of the 1976 Hindi movie Kalicharan.

V. Somashekhar
Venkatappa Somashekhar (27 July 1937 – 22 August 2003) was an Indian film director, producer and screenwriter in Kannada and Malayalam cinema. In 40 years of his career as a director, he directed 49 films, including commercial successes such as Premada Kanike (1976), Shankar Guru (1978), Seetharamu (1979), Chakravyuha (1983), and Prathap (1990).
Widely known for action-oriented movies, he was much sought as a hit-machine.

Following his directorial career, he worked as the President of Kannada Film Directors Association. Recognizing his contribution to Kannada cinema, he was awarded the Puttanna Kanagal Award in 2001.
A Midsummer Night's Dream (2016 film)
A Midsummer Night's Dream is a 2016 British television film based on the William Shakespeare play A Midsummer Night's Dream. It was adapted by Russell T Davies, directed by David Kerr and produced by Nikki Wilson. It stars Maxine Peake as Titania, Matt Lucas as Bottom, John Hannah as Theseus and Nonso Anozie as Oberon. The film was first broadcast on 30 May 2016 on BBC One.

The film gained attention for its gay additions to the story, including a kiss between Hippolyta and Titania. Russell T Davies said, "I wanted to have a man with a man, a man who was dressed as a woman with a man, and a woman with a woman because it’s 2016, so that’s the world now."

The film received positive reviews. The Guardian called it "Doctor Who-ish but rather good" and said the ending "was infused with such a sense of sincere, undiluted joy that I found I had a lump in my throat". The Daily Telegraph gave it four out of five stars and said "Russell T Davies made Shakespeare engaging, fresh and funny".

Oberon
Oberon (/ˈoʊbərɒn/) is a king of the fairies in medieval and Renaissance literature. He is best known as a character in William Shakespeare's play A Midsummer Night's Dream, in which he is King of the Fairies and spouse of Titania, Queen of the Fairies.
Gabriel Simo
Gabriel Simo  (March 15, 1937 in Bapa, Hauts-Plateaux – November 24, 2017 in Bafoussam) was the Cameroonian Roman Catholic prelate, who served as an auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Douala (1987–1994) and Roman Catholic Diocese of Bafoussam (1994–2013).

Hauts-Plateaux
Hauts-Plateaux is a department of West Province in Cameroon. The department covers an area of 415 km2 and as of 2005 had a total population of 80,678. The capital of the department lies at Baham. The department was created in 1995 when the Mifi department was split up.
Gerd Hahn
Gerd Jürgen Hahn (born 1981) is a German economist and professor for business economy. He holds an endowed professorship for Operations Management and Process Innovation at the German Graduate School of Management and Law (GGS) in Heilbronn.

Heilbronn
Heilbronn (German pronunciation: [haɪlˈbʁɔn] ⓘ) is a city in northern Baden-Württemberg, Germany, surrounded by the Heilbronn District.

From the late Middle Ages on, it developed into an important trading centre. At the beginning of the 19th century, Heilbronn became one of the centres of early industrialisation in Württemberg. Heilbronn's old town was completely destroyed during the air raid of 4 December 1944 and rebuilt in the 1950s. Today Heilbronn is the economic centre of the Heilbronn-Franken region.

Heilbronn is known for its wine industry and is nicknamed Käthchenstadt, after Heinrich von Kleist's Das Käthchen von Heilbronn.

In October 2025, Heilbronn was named the European Green Capital for 2027.
1847 Liberian general election
General elections were held for the first time in newly independent Liberia on September 27, 1847, alongside a constitutional referendum. The result was a victory for Governor Joseph Jenkins Roberts of the Pro-Administration Party, who defeated Samuel Benedict of the Anti-Administration Party. In a separate vote, Nathaniel Brander was elected vice president.

Roberts was sworn into office as the country's first president on January 3, 1848, with Nathaniel Brander as vice president.

Joseph Jenkins Roberts
Joseph Jenkins Roberts (March 15, 1809 – February 24, 1876) was an African American merchant who emigrated to Liberia in 1829, where he became a politician. Elected as the first (1848–1856) and seventh (1872–1876) president of Liberia after independence, he was the first man of African descent to govern the country, serving previously as governor from 1841 to 1848. He later returned to office in the 1871 general election following the 1871 Liberian coup d'état. Born free in Norfolk, Virginia, Roberts emigrated as a young man with his mother, siblings, wife, and child to the young West African colony. He opened a trading firm in Monrovia and later engaged in politics.
Tamara Dronova
Tamara Dronova (Russian: Тамара Дронова, née Balabolina; born 13 August 1993) is a Russian track and road racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's WorldTeam Roland Le Dévoluy in road racing, and UCI Track Team Marathon-Tula in track cycling. After winning several medals as a junior and under-23 at the European Track Championships she won as an elite rider the bronze medal in the team pursuit at the 2014 UEC European Track Championships. Besides track cycling she also rides on the road and competed in 2013 at the Russian National Road Race Championships and Russian National Time Trial Championships.

As of October 31 2014 she is still the current Russian national track cycling record holder in the 4000m team pursuit in a time of 4:29.842 ridden at the 2013–14 UCI Track Cycling World Cup race in Aguascalientes on December 5 2013 together with Anastasia Chulkova, Alexandra Chekina, and Galina Strelsova.

2013–14 UCI Track Cycling World Cup
The 2013–2014 UCI Track Cycling World Cup was a multi race tournament over a track cycling season. It was the twenty-second series of the UCI Track Cycling World Cup organised by the Union Cycliste Internationale. The series ran from 1 November 2013 to 19 January 2014 and consisted of three rounds in Manchester, Aguascalientes and Guadalajara.
2002 Bausch & Lomb Championships – Doubles
Conchita Martínez and Patricia Tarabini were the defending champions, but decided to compete this year with different partners.

Martínez, alongside her partner Jelena Dokic, decided to withdraw in order to focus on the singles competition.

Tarabini teamed up with Laura Montalvo and lost in first round to Elena Likhovtseva and Nicole Pratt.

Daniela Hantuchová and Arantxa Sánchez Vicario won the title by defeating María Emilia Salerni and Åsa Svensson 6–4, 6–2 in the final.

Åsa Svensson
Åsa Svensson (born Carlsson; 16 June 1975) is a former tennis player from Sweden, who turned professional in 1992. She won two singles and seven doubles titles in her career. The right-hander reached her highest individual ranking on the WTA Tour on 1 April 1996, when she became the No. 28 of the world.
James May's Man Lab
James May's Man Lab is a British television series presented by former presenter of Top Gear and The Grand Tour James May. The first, three-part series was aired on BBC Two between 31 October and 14 November 2010. The second, five-part series was aired between 25 October and 18 December 2011. Repeats of Series 2 continued on late night BBC One with signing for the deaf throughout January 2012.

Series 3 began broadcasting in March 2013, after Top Gear finished Series 19. Series One was released on DVD on 7 November 2011 by Acorn Media UK, followed by Series Two on 8 October 2012.

Acorn DVD
RLJE International Ltd, d/b/a Acorn Media, is a British company that publishes and distributes DVDs, as well as selling home-video products and streaming videos with a particular focus on British television.
KCNK9
Potassium channel subfamily K member 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNK9 gene.

This gene encodes K2P9.1, one of the members of the superfamily of potassium channel proteins containing two pore-forming P domains. This open channel is highly expressed in the cerebellum. It is inhibited by extracellular acidification and arachidonic acid, and strongly inhibited by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.  Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate is also known as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). TASK channels are additionally inhibited by hormones and transmitters that signal through GqPCRs. The resulting cellular depolarization is thought to regulate processes such as motor control and aldosterone secretion. Despite early controversy about the exact mechanism underlying this inhibition, the current view is that diacyl-glycerol, produced by the breakdown of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bis-phosphate by phospholipase Cβ causes channel closure.

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate or PtdIns(4,5)P2, also known simply as PIP2 or PI(4,5)P2, is a minor phospholipid component of cell membranes. PtdIns(4,5)P2 is enriched at the plasma membrane where it is a substrate for a number of important signaling proteins. PIP2 also forms lipid clusters that sort proteins.

PIP2 is formed primarily by the type I phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinases from PI(4)P. In metazoans, PIP2 can also be formed by type II phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinases from PI(5)P.

The fatty acids of PIP2 are variable in different species and tissues, but the most common fatty acids are stearic in position 1 and arachidonic in 2.
Faking (jazz)
In jazz, the term "faking" means to improvise accompaniment parts. The term "faking" in jazz does not have the same meaning as in faking in Classical music, where faking is seen as a controversial activity.  In jazz, when a jazz quartet "fakes" accompaniment parts to a song with a singer, this is a synonym for improvising their backup parts. Improvising backup lines (chord voicings for piano/guitar, basslines for bass, and drum parts for drum set) is an essential skill for jazz musicians. The use of the term "fake" in the jazz scene is illustrated by the expression "fake book", a collection of lead sheets and chord progressions for jazz standards (commonly-played jazz tunes). The reason the book is called a "fake book" is because trained jazz performers are able to improvise accompaniment parts and solos from the chord charts contained therein.

Bassline
Bassline (also known as a bass line or bass part) is the term used in many styles of music, such as blues, jazz, funk, dub and electronic, traditional, and classical music, for the low-pitched instrumental part or line played (in jazz and some forms of pop music) by a rhythm section instrument such as the electric bass, double bass, cello, tuba or keyboard (piano, Hammond organ, electric organ, or synthesizer).

In unaccompanied solo performance, basslines may simply be played in the lower register of any instrument while melody and/or further accompaniment is provided in the middle or upper register. In solo music for piano and pipe organ, these instruments have an excellent lower register that can be used to play a deep bassline. On organs, the bass line is typically played using the pedal keyboard and massive 16' and 32' bass pipes.
Kokoro
Kokoro (こゝろ; or in modern kana usage こころ) is a 1914 Japanese novel by Natsume Sōseki, and the final part of a trilogy starting with To the Spring Equinox and Beyond and followed by The Wayfarer (both 1912). Set in the Meiji era, the novel tells of the acquaintance between a young man and an older man called "Sensei" ("teacher" or "master"), who holds a secret from his past regarding the death of a friend.

Kokoro was first published in serial form in the newspaper Asahi Shimbun. Along with Osamu Dazai's No Longer Human (1948), Kokoro is one of the best-selling novels of all time in Japan.

Sensei
The term "先生", read sensei in Japanese, xiansheng in Chinese, seonsaeng in Korean, and tiên sinh in Vietnamese, is an honorific used in the Sinosphere. In Japanese, the term literally means "person born before another" or "one who comes before". It is generally used after a person's name and means "teacher". The word is also used as a title to refer to or address other professionals or people of authority, such as clergy, accountants, lawyers, physicians and politicians, or to show respect to someone who has achieved a certain level of mastery in an art form or some other skill, e.g., accomplished novelists, musicians, artists and martial artists.
Sarai Dugosha
Sarai Dugosha is a village in the Sataon block of the Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 14 km from Raebareli, the district headquarters. As of 2011, its population was 1,473, living in 251 households. It has one primary school and no healthcare facilities.

The 1961 census recorded Sarai Dugosha (as "Sarai Dogosha") as comprising 2 hamlets, with a total population of 571 people (296 male and 275 female), in 115 households and 106 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 264 acres.

The 1981 census recorded Sarai Dugosha (as "Sarai Dugosa") as having a population of 874 people, in 150 households, and having an area of 101.98 hectares. The main staple foods were given as wheat and rice.

Raebareli
Raebareli (Hindi: Rāēbarēlī, pronounced [ɾaɛbəɾeliː] ⓘ) is a city in Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Raebareli district, and a part of Lucknow Division and comes under the Uttar Pradesh State Capital Region (UP-SCR). The city is situated on the banks of the Sai River, and center of four metropolitan cities i.e. Lucknow, Prayagraj, Ayodhya, and Kanpur. It possesses many architectural features and sites, chief of which is a strong and spacious fort. As of 2011, Raebareli had a population of 191,316 people, in 35,197 households.
Marcucci
Marcucci is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonio Marcucci (born 1937), Italian Olympic wrestler

Bob Marcucci (1930–2011), American personal manager at Chancellor Records and Robert P. Marcucci Productions

Domingo Marcucci (1827–1905), Venezuelan-born American shipbuilder

Venerable Francesco Antonio Marcucci (1717-1798), Italian bishop

Gian Marco Marcucci (born 1954), served as a Captain Regent of San Marino

Nancy Marcucci (1952–2018), American breast cancer activist

Valentina Marcucci (born 1998), Argentine field hockey player

Gian Marco Marcucci
Gian Marco Marcucci (born 25 July 1954) served as a Captain Regent of San Marino from 1 April 2000 to 1 October 2000.  He served with Maria Domenica Michelotti. He is of the Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party.
A.P.C. Mahalakshmi College for Women
A.P.C. Mahalaxmi College for Women, is a women's general degree college located in Thoothukudi, Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu. It was established in the year 1973. The college is affiliated with Manonmaniam Sundaranar University. This college offers different courses in arts, commerce and science. The college is ranked 78th among colleges in India by the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) in 2024.

National Institutional Ranking Framework
National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) is a ranking methodology released annually by the Ministry of Education, Government of India, to rank institutions of higher education in India. The framework was approved by the former Ministry of Human Resource Development (now the Ministry of Education) and launched by the Minister on 29 September 2015.

Depending on their areas of operation,  institutions have been ranked under 11 different categories – overall, university, colleges, engineering, management, pharmacy, law, medical, architecture, dental and research. The Framework uses several parameters for ranking purposes like resources, research, and stakeholder perception. These parameters have been grouped into five clusters and these clusters were assigned certain weights. These weights depend on the type of institution. About 3500 institutions voluntarily participated in the first round of rankings.
Ctenophryne aequatorialis
Ctenophryne aequatorialis (common name: Cuenca Nelson frog, reflecting its earlier placement in Nelsonophryne) is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to the Andes of Ecuador and known from the Cuenca basin in Azuay Province southward to Saraguro Canton (northern Loja Province) at elevations of 2,450–2,650 m (8,040–8,690 ft) asl.

Loja Province
Loja Province (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈlo.xa]) is one of 24 provinces in Ecuador and shares its southern border on the west with El Oro Province, on the north with El Azuay, and on the east with Zamora-Chinchipe. Founded on its present site in 1548 by Captain Alonso de Mercadillo (Spanish), the site had been previously moved and rebuilt from La Toma due to earthquakes. It also is named as "Cuxibamba Valley", from the Quichua language, which means the "Smiley Valley".
Von Essen Mountain
Von Essen Mountain (72°14′S 2°23′E﻿ / ﻿72.233°S 2.383°E﻿ / -72.233; 2.383) is a mountain, 2,665 m, marking the southwestern end of the Gjelsvik Mountains in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. Photographed from the air by the German Antarctic Expedition (1938–39). Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSAE) (1949–52) and air photos by the Norwegian expedition (1958–59). Named for R.G.D.J. Von Essen, commander of the Swedish Air Force unit (1951–52) with the NBSAE.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Von Essen Mountain". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition
The Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition (also known as NBSX or NBSAE) (1949–1952) was the first Antarctica expedition involving an international team of scientists. The team members came from Norway, Sweden and the British Commonwealth of Nations.
Wandering Souls
Wandering Souls (German: Irrende Seelen) is a 1921 German silent drama film directed by Carl Froelich and starring Asta Nielsen, Alfred Abel, and Walter Janssen. It was based on Fyodor Dostoyevsky's 1869 novel The Idiot. The film was the first of three to be made by Russo Film, a small production company set up by Decla-Bioscop to make literary adaptations. The 123-minute film was shot at the Johannisthal Studios in Berlin. It premiered on 3 March 1921 at the Marmorhaus in Berlin.

Cinema of Germany
The cinema of Germany can be traced back to the late 19th century. The film industry in Germany made major technical and artistic contributions to early film, broadcasting and television technology. Babelsberg became a household synonym for the early 20th century film industry in Europe, similar to Hollywood later. Early German and German-speaking filmmakers and actors heavily contributed to early Hollywood, many of whom were Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi persecution.

Germany witnessed major changes to its identity during the 20th and 21st century. Those changes determined the periodisation of national cinema into a succession of distinct eras and movements.

German movies and German artists earned 230 Oscar nominations and 54 Oscar wins.