hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Molecular motor
Molecular motors are natural (biological) or artificial molecular machines that are the essential agents of movement in living organisms. In general terms, a motor is a device that consumes energy in one form and converts it into motion or mechanical work; for example, many protein-based molecular motors harness the chemical free energy released by the hydrolysis of ATP in order to perform mechanical work. In terms of energetic efficiency, this type of motor can be superior to currently available man-made motors. One important difference between molecular motors and macroscopic motors is that molecular motors operate in the thermal bath, an environment in which the fluctuations due to thermal noise are significant.

Fluctuation–dissipation theorem
The fluctuation–dissipation theorem (FDT) or fluctuation–dissipation relation (FDR) is a powerful tool in statistical physics for predicting the behavior of systems that obey detailed balance. Given that a system obeys detailed balance, the theorem is a proof that thermodynamic fluctuations in a physical variable  predict the response quantified by the admittance or impedance (in their general sense, not only in electromagnetic terms) of the same physical variable (like voltage, temperature difference, etc.), and vice versa. The fluctuation–dissipation theorem applies both to classical and quantum mechanical systems.

The fluctuation–dissipation theorem was proven by Herbert Callen and Theodore Welton in 1951
and expanded by Ryogo Kubo. There are antecedents to the general theorem, including Einstein's explanation of Brownian motion
during his annus mirabilis and Harry Nyquist's explanation in 1928 of Johnson noise in electrical resistors.
Otto Farrant
Otto Farrant (born 13 November 1996) is an English actor. He is best known for his portrayal of the titular character in Amazon Prime's spy thriller series Alex Rider (2020–2024). He previously had supporting television roles in The White Queen (2013), War & Peace (2016) and Mrs. Wilson (2018). As a theatre actor, he has performed at venues such as the Royal National Theatre and the Young Vic.

Young Vic
The Young Vic Theatre is a performing-arts venue located on The Cut, near the South Bank, in the London Borough of Lambeth, United Kingdom.

The Young Vic was established by Frank Dunlop in 1970. Nadia Fall has been artistic director since 2025, succeeding Kwame Kwei-Armah, and David Lan before him.
Prime Minister of Zimbabwe Rhodesia
The prime minister of Zimbabwe Rhodesia was the head of government of Zimbabwe Rhodesia. Like the country itself, it was never internationally recognized.

The only prime minister of Zimbabwe Rhodesia was Abel Muzorewa.

Zimbabwe Rhodesia
Zimbabwe Rhodesia (/zɪmˈbɑːbweɪ roʊˈdiːʒə, zɪmˈbɑːbwi roʊˈdiːʒə/), alternatively known as Zimbabwe-Rhodesia, also informally known as Zimbabwe or Rhodesia, was a short-lived unrecognised sovereign state that existed from 1 June 1979 to 18 April 1980, though it lacked international recognition. Zimbabwe Rhodesia was preceded by another state named the Republic of Rhodesia and was briefly under a British-supervised transitional government sometimes referred to as a reestablished Southern Rhodesia, which according to British constitutional theory had remained the lawful government in the area after Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI) in 1965. Following the 1980 Southern Rhodesian general election, the country was granted internationally-recognised independence within the Commonwealth as the Republic of Zimbabwe.
Gudina Tumsa
Gudina Tumsa (1929 – 28 July 1979) was an Ethiopian Lutheran and Evangelical Christian theologian and General Secretary of the Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus (EECMY).

He was born in Bodji, Wollega, Ethiopia. Gudina helped form the Council for Cooperation of Churches in Ethiopia, an ecumenical and interdenominational council, and was elected its first chairman. Tumsa "gave his church a decisive push towards independence in theological thought and church practice", criticizing many aspects of Western Christianity. Much of his theology is contained in the letters he wrote to church leaders and the general public, as well as in the addresses he gave at various conferences around the world in the 1960s and 1970s.

Welega Province
Welega (also spelled Wollega; Oromo: Wallaggaa; Amharic: ወለጋ) was a province in western Ethiopia, with its capital city at Nekemte. It was named for the Wollega Oromo, who are the majority of the population within its boundaries.

Welega was bordered on the west by Sudan, on the north by the Abbay River which separated it from Gojjam, on the east by Shewa, on the southeast by Kaffa, and on the south by Illubabor.
Nectomys grandis
Nectomys grandis, also known as the Magdalena-Cauca water rat, is a nocturnal, semiaquatic species of rodent in the genus Nectomys of family Cricetidae. It is found in western and northern Colombia at altitudes from sea level to 2000 m, including the basins of the Magdalena, Cauca and Porce rivers. It has two subspecies, N. g. grandis and N. g. magdalenae.

Cauca River
The Cauca River (Spanish: Río Cauca) is a river in Colombia that lies between the Occidental and Central cordilleras. From its headwaters in southwestern Colombia near the city of Popayán, it joins the Magdalena River near Magangué in Bolívar Department, and the combined river eventually flows out into the Caribbean Sea. It has a length of 965 km (600 mi) to its junction with the Magdalena, for a total length of 1,350 km (840 mi). The river is under the supervision of the Cauca Regional Corporation and the Cauca Valley Regional Autonomous Corporation, and is navigable for 640 km (400 mi) above its junction with the Magdalena.

Cauca River
Giles Glacier
Giles Glacier (78°40′00″S 84°46′00″W﻿ / ﻿78.66667°S 84.76667°W﻿ / -78.66667; -84.76667) is a hanging glacier that flows eastward along the south side of Moyher Ridge to Thomas Glacier in the south Sentinel Range in the Ellsworth Mountains. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in 2006 after J. David Giles of the Polar Ice Coring Office at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, who supported United States Antarctic Program drilling operations at Taylor Dome, the South Pole, Windless Bight, Siple Dome and Kamb Ice Stream, from 1993 to 1998.

Hanging glacier
A hanging glacier originates high on the wall of a glacial valley and descends only part of the way to the surface of the main glacier and abruptly stops, typically at a cliff. Avalanching and icefalls are the mechanisms for ice and snow transfer to the valley floor below.

Hanging glaciers are inherently unstable, and may produce catastrophic break-off events. These glaciers are often partially frozen to their bedrock, allowing them to locate on steep slopes. Break-off events leading to substantial ice avalanches pose severe hazards to humans, settlements, and infrastructure in alpine terrain worldwide. Rock and icefall from a hanging glacier was responsible for triggering the Kolka-Karmadon rock ice slide in 2002, which killed 125 people.
Rubite
Rubite is a municipality located in the province of Granada, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the village had a population of 492 inhabitants. Rubite is a locality and Spanish municipality situated at the east central of the region "La Costa Granadina" in the province of Granada, independent community of Andalusia. On the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, Rubite is bordered by the municipalities of Lújar, Órgiva and Polopos.

Province of Granada
The Province of Granada (Spanish: Provincia de Granada) is a province in the eastern part of the autonomous community of Andalusia in Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Albacete, Murcia, Almería, Jaén, Córdoba, Málaga, and the Mediterranean Sea (along the Costa Tropical). Its capital city is Granada.

The province has an area of 12,645.41 km2 (4,882.42 sq mi) and a population is 939,741 across its 170 municipalities.

There are certain conception about the autonomous community of Granada being separate from Andalusia. The new autonomous community would consist of the provinces of Granada, Almería and Málaga. The conception has not yet found a response.
1877 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1877.

Animal track
An animal track is an imprint left behind in soil, snow, or mud, or on some other ground surface, by an animal walking across it. Animal tracks are used by hunters in tracking their prey and by naturalists to identify animals living in a given area.
Svayam Bhagavan
Svayam Bhagavan (Sanskrit: स्वयं भगवान्, romanized: Svayaṁ-Bhagavān; roughly: "God Itself") is a Sanskrit concept in Hinduism, referring to the absolute representation of Bhagavan (the title "Lord" or "God") as the Supreme God in a monotheistic framework. The concept is most commonly (but not always) associated with a male deity, for instance in Hindu sub-movements like Krishnaism and Gaudiya Vaishnavism, in which Krishna is regarded as Svayam Bhagavan.

Chaitanya Charitamrita
The Chaitanya Charitamrita (Sanskrit: चैतन्यचरितामृत, romanized: Caitanya-caritāmṛta; Bengali: চৈতন্যচরিতামৃত, romanized: Côitônyôcôritamṛtô), composed by Krishnadasa Kaviraja between c. 1582 and the early 17th-century, is one of the primary biographies detailing the life and teachings of Caitanya Mahāprabhu, the founder of Gaudiya Vaishnavism. It is written in Bengali with a great number of Sanskrit verses in its devotional, poetic construction, including Shikshashtakam. The stories of Chaitanya's life are mixed with philosophical conversations detailing the process of Bhakti yoga, with special attention given to congregational chanting of the names of Krishna.
Santa Gema F.C.
Santa Gema Fútbol Club was a Panamanian football team playing at the Liga Panameña de Fútbol, the team was disbanded by the league for lack of funds on May 10, 2019, and was relegated to amateur pyramidal level.

It is based in Arraiján, Panamá and it was founded in 1983.

Panamá Province
Panamá is a province of Panama. It is the location of the national capital Panama City, which also serves as the provincial capital. The governor of the province is Mayín Correa, appointed by President José Raul Mulino.
The Lover & the Beloved
The Lover & the Beloved is the fifth studio album by American singer and songwriter Donna de Lory, released on January 31, 2004 by Ajna Music. The project contains six mantras composed by De Lory and producer Dave Dale. De Lory's interpretation of "Govinda Jaya Jaya" originally appeared on her fourth studio album, In the Glow (2003).

Govinda Jaya Jaya
"Govinda Jaya Jaya" is an Indian devotional chant or song. It is often sung in the Krishna Consciousness movement founded by A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, and by various other schools of yoga, and by Hindus in general. Prabhupada's devotees Radha Krishna Temple (London) recorded the chant as "Govinda Jai Jai" for their eponymous album, produced by George Harrison and released on the Beatles' Apple record label in 1971. The recording was first issued as the B-side of the devotees' 1970 single "Govinda".

In 1996, the English rock band Kula Shaker adapted "Govinda Jaya Jaya" into their hit song "Govinda". Their song remains the only British top-ten hit sung entirely in Sanskrit. Speaking in 2016, Alonza Bevan, the bass player of Kula Shaker, said that it was "nice to get an ancient Indian hymn [played] on Radio 1 in the UK".
Bay City Walking Dredge
The Bay City Walking Dredge is a historic structure in Collier County, Florida. It was built in 1924 and declared a National Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark in 1994. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 29, 2013. It is located at 20200 E. Tamiami Trail in the vicinity of Naples, Florida at Collier-Seminole State Park. The dredge was built by Bay City Dredge Works of Bay City, Michigan and was used to construct part of the Tamiami Trail.

Collier County, Florida
Collier County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, its population was 375,752; an increase of 16.9% since the 2010 United States Census. Its county seat is East Naples, where the county offices were moved from Everglades City in 1962. Collier County comprises the Naples–Marco Island Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), which, along with the Cape Coral-Fort Myers (Lee County) MSA and the Clewiston (Hendry County, Glades County) Micropolitan Statistical Area (μSA), is included in the Cape Coral-Fort Myers-Naples Combined Statistical Area (CSA).
Japanese profanity
Profanity in the Japanese language can pertain to scatological references or aim to put down the listener by negatively commenting on their ability, intellect, or appearance. Furthermore, there are different levels of Japanese speech that indicate politeness, social standing and respect, referred to, simply, as honorific form (敬語 keigo). Using the incorrect form of Japanese can itself be insulting to the listener.

Profanity
Profanity, also known as swearing, cursing, or cussing, is the usage of notionally offensive words for a variety of purposes, including to demonstrate disrespect or negativity, to relieve pain, to express a strong emotion (such as anger, excitement, or surprise), as a grammatical intensifier or emphasis, or to express informality or conversational intimacy. In many formal or polite social situations, it is considered impolite (a violation of social norms), and in some religious groups it is considered a sin. Profanity includes slurs, but most profanities are not slurs, and there are many insults that do not use swear words.

Swear words can be discussed or even sometimes used for the same purpose without causing offense or being considered impolite if they are obscured (e.g. "fuck" becomes "f***" or "the f-word") or substituted with a minced oath like "flip".
SV Spielberg
The SV Spielberg is a German association football club from the suburb of Spielberg, Karlsbad, Baden-Württemberg. In 2014–15, the club had its most successful season ever, earning promotion to the tier-four Regionalliga Südwest after a league title in the Oberliga Baden-Württemberg.

Verbandsliga Nordbaden
The Verbandsliga Nordbaden is a German amateur football division administered by the Baden Football Association, one of the 21 German state football associations. Being the top flight of the Baden state association, the Verbandsliga is currently a level 6 division of the German football league system.
Texas Straw Poll
The Texas Straw Poll was a non-binding straw poll of the Texas Republican Party for the Republican Party's 2008 presidential nomination.  Townhall.com sponsored the event on Saturday, September 1, 2007, in Fort Worth.  Five candidates including Congressman Duncan Hunter of California, Congressman Ron Paul of Texas, mechanical engineer Ray McKinney of George, attorney John H. Cox of Illinois and psychiatrist Hugh Cort of Alabama, attended and addressed the voters.  In total, 1,300 votes were cast.  Hunter won with 534 votes. Former Senator Fred Thompson of Tennessee, who did not address the event, finished second. Paul came in third.

In 2011, organizers canceled a repeat of the event slated to determine preferences for the 2012 Republican Party presidential nomination.

Republican Party of Texas
The Republican Party of Texas (RPT) is the Texas affiliate of the Republican Party in the United States. It is currently chaired by Abraham George, who succeeded Matt Rinaldi in 2024. The party is headquartered in Austin, Texas, and is legally considered a political action committee under Texas law. As of 2025, it is the state's ruling party, controlling all statewide elected offices, both houses of the legislature, and the majority of congressional seats.
2005–06 KFC Cup
The 2005–06 KFC Cup was the 32nd edition of the Regional Super50, the domestic limited-overs cricket competition for the countries of the West Indies Cricket Board (WICB). The competition was the first to be sponsored by KFC, with a sponsorship contract only being signed after the opening round had already been played.

The six teams participating in the competition were Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica, the Leeward Islands, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Windward Islands. The round-robin stage was played in Barbados, with the semi-finals and final all played in Guyana, at Georgetown's Bourda. Guyana were undefeated in the round-robin, and eventually defeated Barbados in the final to win their ninth domestic one-day title. Guyanese batsman Ramnaresh Sarwan led the tournament in runs, while Barbadian fast bowler Corey Collymore took the most wickets.

Corey Collymore
Corey Dalanelo Collymore (born 21 December 1977) is a former Barbadian cricketer, who represented the West Indies team in both Tests and ODIs cricket as seam bowler. Collymore was a member of the West Indies team that won the 2004 ICC Champions Trophy.

Collymore also played for Barbados, Warwickshire, Sussex and Middlesex in his cricketing career.
Thirty-fifth Amendment of the Constitution Bill 2015
The Thirty-fifth Amendment of the Constitution (Age of Eligibility for Election to the Office of President) Bill 2015 (bill no. 6 of 2015) was a proposed amendment to the constitution of Ireland to reduce the minimum age of candidacy for the office of President of Ireland from 35 to 21. The bill was introduced to the Oireachtas in January 2015 by the Fine Gael–Labour government, after which both houses of the Oireachtas passed the bill. The bill was rejected by the electorate in a referendum on 22 May 2015 by 73.1% against to 26.9% in favour.

Bill (law)
A bill is a proposal for a new law, or a proposal to substantially alter an existing law.

A bill does not become law until it has been passed by the legislature and, in most cases, approved by the head of state (sometimes the executive).

Bills are introduced in the legislature and are there discussed, debated on, and voted upon.  Once a bill has been enacted into law by the legislature, it is called an act of the legislature, or a statute.
Khomasdal Stadium
Khomasdal Stadium is a stadium in Khomasdal, a suburb of Windhoek, Namibia. It was originally constructed school sports, church activities and youth groups but has become the main stadium for a number of Namibia's top professional football clubs, including Orlando Pirates, tigers, Civics, African Stars and Black Africa. It became the home stadium of those clubs when Sam Nujoma Stadium, which is also in Katutura, underwent changes due to FIFA regulations.

United Africa Tigers
Tigers Sports Club is a Namibian football club. It is based in the Namibian capital Windhoek, and play in the country's top league, the Namibia Premier Football League. In the 1990s, they were sponsored by Mukorob Pelagic and referred to as the MP Tigers.
Balkan Trust for Democracy
Balkan Trust for Democracy (abbreviation: BTD) is a foundation based in Belgrade, Serbia. It was founded in March 2003 by the German Marshall Fund of the United States, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), and the Charles Stewart Mott Foundation.

Foundation (nonprofit)
A foundation (also referred to as a charitable foundation) is a type of nonprofit organization or charitable trust that usually provides funding and support to other charitable organizations through grants, while also potentially participating directly in charitable activities. Foundations encompass public charitable foundations, like community foundations, and private foundations, which are often endowed by an individual or family. Nevertheless, the term "foundation" might also be adopted by organizations not primarily engaged in public grantmaking.
Kevin Ramas
Fermin Alberto Ramas, better known as Kevin Ramas (born October 30, 1967) is a former PBA player. In a career lasting 10 years, he has played for the Purefoods Tender Juicy Hotdogs, San Miguel Beermen, Pepsi Mega Bottlers and the Alaska Milkmen.

Ramas played for the Mapua Cardinals in the NCAA where he was part of the senior's championship conquest in 1990. He also played for Crispa 400 in the Philippine Basketball League. In 1992, Ramas entered the PBA draft and was picked fourth overall in the first round by Purefoods.

After two seasons with the Hotdogs, Ramas found himself being traded for the next two years, first with the Beermen whom he was dealt for Bong Ravena, the following year, the Beermen gave him up along with Alvin Teng in a trade with Pepsi Mega for Victor Pablo and Gido Babilonia.

Kevin found a home with the Alaska Milkmen where he was part of the Grand Slam team in 1996 and multiple championships after with the Milkmen.

Mapúa Cardinals, Lady Cardinals and Red Robins
The Mapúa Cardinals and Lady Cardinals are the varsity sports teams of Mapúa University that play in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines).

The Mapúa Cardinals holds the NCAA record for the most general championships in the seniors' division with a total of 20—the last of these championships was won in 1993. At a distant second is Colegio de San Juan de Letran, which has eight seniors' titles.

Out of the total seniors' general championships won by the Cardinals, ten were from the 1980s to the mid-1990s, in addition to three (out of a total eight) in the juniors' division over the same period.
Saigon Times
The Saigon Times is a Vietnamese media organization with two Vietnamese- and two English-language publications. Its flagship publication is Thoi Bao Kinh Te Saigon, the most widely-read weekly economics and business news magazine in Vietnamese. It also publishes Saigon Times Daily, one of the two major daily newspapers in English (the other being the daily Vietnam News, published by the Vietnam News Agency).

Vietnam News Agency
Vietnam News Agency (VNA, Vietnamese: Thông tấn xã Việt Nam) is the official state-run news agency of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. It operates more than 30 foreign bureaux worldwide and maintains 63 bureaux in Vietnam — one for each city and province, including 6 in ASEAN. The current General Director of VNA is Nguyen Duc Loi. It also operates the website VietnamPlus.

It exists alongside the Vietnam Television (VTV) and the Voice of Vietnam (VOV) being the official information agencies under direct administration of the Ministry of Finance.
Gutmensch
Gutmensch (literally good human in German) is an ironic, sarcastic or disparaging cultural term similar to the English do-gooder. Those who use the term are implying that Gutmenschen have an overwhelming wish to be good and eagerly seek approval—further suggesting a supposed moralising and proselytising behaviour and being dogmatic, while prioritizing "right" and "correct" attitude or sentiment (Ultimate end, ethics of moral conviction) over responsible, balanced, rational and reflected decisions (ethics of responsibility). In political rhetoric Gutmensch is used as a polemic term.

Morality
Morality (from Latin  moralitas 'manner, character, proper behavior') is a doctrine or system of moral conduct which involves evaluative judgments about agents and actions, including assessments of actions as moral or immoral behavior and of character traits as virtues or vices, such as honesty or cruelty.

Immorality is the active opposition to morality (i.e., opposition to that which is moral or immoral), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any particular set of moral standards or principles.