hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Judah (son of Jacob)
Judah (Hebrew: יְהוּדָה‎, Modern: Yəhūda, Tiberian: Yŭhūḏā) was, according to the Book of Genesis, the fourth of the six sons of Jacob and Leah and the founder of the Tribe of Judah of the Israelites. By extension, he is indirectly the eponym of the Kingdom of Judah, the land of Judea, and the word Jew.

According to the narrative in Genesis, Judah alongside Tamar is a patrilineal ancestor of the Davidic line. The Tribe of Judah features prominently in Deuteronomistic history, which most scholars agree was reduced to written form, although subject to exilic and post-exilic alterations and emendations, during the reign of the Judahist reformer Josiah from 641 to 609 BCE.

Tiberian vocalization
The Tiberian vocalization, Tiberian pointing, or Tiberian niqqud (Hebrew: הַנִּקּוּד הַטְּבֶרְיָנִי‎, romanized: hanniqquḏ haṭṭəḇeryāni) is a system of diacritics (niqqud) devised by the Masoretes of Tiberias to add to the consonantal text of the Hebrew Bible to produce the Masoretic Text. The system soon became used to vocalize other Hebrew texts as well.

Tiberian vocalization marks vowels and stress, distinguishes consonant quality and length, and serves as punctuation. While the Tiberian system was devised for Tiberian Hebrew, it has become the dominant system for vocalizing all forms of Hebrew. It has long since eclipsed the comparatively rudimentary Babylonian and Palestinian vocalization systems for writing Biblical Hebrew.
Percy Creek (Indian Arm)
Percy Creek is a stream in the southeastern part of the District of North Vancouver in the Lower Mainland part of British Columbia, Canada. It is in the Pacific Ocean drainage basin and is a right tributary of Indian Arm.

Indian Arm
Indian Arm (Halkomelem: səl̓ilw̓ət) is a steep-sided glacial fjord in southwestern British Columbia. Formed during the last Ice Age, it extends due north from Burrard Inlet, between the communities of Belcarra (to the east) and the District of North Vancouver (to the west), then on into mountainous wilderness. The name səl̓ilw̓ət is the Halkomelem word for the inlet itself, and from which the Tsleil-Waututh, Halkomelem 'people of the inlet' derive their name. Later Burrard Inlet and the opening of Indian Arm was mapped by Captain George Vancouver and fully explored days later by Dionisio Alcalá Galiano in June 1792.
Alikanas
Alikanas (Greek: Αλικανάς) is a village in the municipal unit of Alykes situated on the northeastern coast about 15 km northwest of Zakynthos (city) on the island of Zakynthos, Greece. Located 1 km (0.6 mi) from the neighbouring village of Alykes, on the Ionian coast, Alikanas is a popular tourist destination with a beautiful sandy wide beach.

The beach at Alykanas is a habitat for the lily of the sea, protected by Greek and international legislation. The famous caretta caretta is seen sometimes in these waters, even though they prefer less populated areas.

It is 3 km (1.9 mi) northeast of Katastari, 3 km (1.9 mi) northwest of Ano Gerakari and 12 km (7.5 mi) northwest of Zakynthos city.

Ionian Sea
The Ionian Sea is an elongated bay of the Mediterranean Sea. It is connected to the Adriatic Sea to the north, and is bounded by Southern Italy, including Basilicata, Calabria, Sicily, and the Salento peninsula to the west, southern Albania (and western Apulia, Italy) to the north, and the west coast of Greece, including the Peloponnese.

All major islands in the sea, which are located in the east of the sea, belong to Greece. They are collectively named the Ionian Islands, the main ones being Corfu, Kefalonia, Zakynthos, Lefkada, and Ithaca.

There are ferry routes between Patras and Igoumenitsa, Greece, and Brindisi and Ancona, Italy, that cross the east and north of the Ionian Sea, and from Piraeus westward. Calypso Deep, the deepest point in the Mediterranean at 5,109 m (16,762 ft), is in the Ionian Sea, at 36°34′N 21°8′E﻿ / ﻿36.567°N 21.133°E﻿ / 36.567; 21.133. The sea is one of the most seismically active areas in the world.
Approximation-preserving reduction
In computability theory and computational complexity theory, especially the study of approximation algorithms, an approximation-preserving reduction is an algorithm for transforming one optimization problem into another problem, such that the distance of solutions from optimal is preserved to some degree.  Approximation-preserving reductions are a subset of more general reductions in complexity theory; the difference is that approximation-preserving reductions usually make statements on approximation problems or optimization problems, as opposed to decision problems.

Intuitively, problem A is reducible to problem B via an approximation-preserving reduction if, given an instance of problem A and a (possibly approximate) solver for problem B, one can convert the instance of problem A into an instance of problem B, apply the solver for problem B, and recover a solution for problem A that also has some guarantee of approximation.

Optimization problem
In mathematics, engineering, computer science and economics, an optimization problem is the problem of finding the best solution from all feasible solutions.

Optimization problems can be divided into two categories, depending on whether the variables are continuous or discrete:

An optimization problem with discrete variables is known as a discrete optimization, in which an object such as an integer, permutation or graph must be found from a countable set.

A problem with continuous variables is known as a continuous optimization, in which an optimal value from a continuous function must be found. They can include constrained problems and multimodal problems.
Milk-cream strudel
The milk-cream strudel (Viennese German: Millirahmstrudel; Standard German: Milchrahmstrudel) is a traditional Viennese strudel and a popular pastry in Austria and many countries in Europe that once belonged to the Austro-Hungarian Empire (1867–1918). It is an oven-baked pastry dough stuffed with a filling made from diced, milk-soaked bread rolls, egg yolk, powdered sugar, butter, quark, vanilla, lemon zest, raisins and cream and is served in the pan with hot vanilla sauce.

Viennese German
Viennese German (Viennese: Weanarisch, Weanerisch; Standard German: Wienerisch) is the city dialect spoken in Vienna, the capital of Austria, and is counted among the Bavarian dialects. It is distinct from written Standard German in vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation. Even in Lower Austria, the state surrounding the city, many of its expressions are not used, while farther to the west they are often not even understood.
Natalia Lobova
Natalia Lobova (born 3 September 1986) is a Russian sprint canoer who has competed since the late 2000s. She won two silver medals, both in the K-1 4 × 200 m event, at the 2011 and 2014 World Championships, and bronze medals in the K-1 4 × 200 m event at the 2010 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Poznań, and in the K-1 200 m relay at the 2013 World Championships. At the 2011 Canoe Sprint European Championships she won the gold medal at the K-1 200m race.

2013 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 2013 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships was held 29 August–1 September 2013 in Duisburg, Germany. The championships were awarded originally to Szeged, Hungary, but Szeged was moved to 2011 in the wake of Vichy, France's withdrawal in 2010 and awarded to Rio de Janeiro, who withdrew in September 2012. Consequently, the World Championships were awarded to Duisburg.

The 2012 ICF Paracanoe World Championships were held the previous year as a standalone event but the 2012 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were not since the competition is not held in Olympic years.
Hans Uszkoreit
Hans Uszkoreit is a German computational linguist.

Hans Uszkoreit studied Linguistics and Computer Science at Technische Universität Berlin and the University of Texas at Austin. While he was studying in Austin, he also worked as a research associate in a large machine translation project at the Linguistics Research Center. After he received his Ph.D. in linguistics from the University of Texas, he worked as a computer scientist at the Artificial Intelligence Center and  was affiliated with the Center for the Study of Language and Information at Stanford University.

Nowadays, he is teaching as a professor of Computational Linguistics at Saarland University. Moreover, he serves as a Scientific Director at the German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) where he heads the DFKI Language Technology Lab.

Saarland University
Saarland University (German: Universität des Saarlandes, pronounced [univɛʁziˈtɛːt dɛs ˈzaːɐ̯landəs]) is a public research university located in Saarbrücken, the capital of the German state of Saarland. It was founded in 1948 in Homburg in co-operation with France and is organized in six faculties that cover all major fields of science.  In 2007, the university was recognized as an excellence center for computer science in Germany.

Thanks to bilingual German and French staff, the university has an international profile, which has been underlined by its proclamation as "European University" in 1950 and by establishment of Europa-Institut as its "crown and symbol" in 1951.

Ten academics have been honored with the highest German research prize, the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize, while working at Saarland University.
Mission: Space
Mission: Space (stylized as Mission: SPACE) is a space exploration-themed pavilion and attached centrifugal motion simulator attraction located in the World Discovery section of Epcot at Walt Disney World in Bay Lake, Florida. The attraction replaced Horizons, and simulates what an astronaut might experience aboard a spacecraft on a mission to Mars, from the higher g-force of liftoff, to the speculative hypersleep. The pavilion also includes the Mission Space: Cargo Bay gift shop, the Advanced Training Lab interactive play area and Space 220 Restaurant.

Suspended animation
Suspended animation is the slowing or stopping of biological function so that physiological capabilities are preserved. States of suspended animation are common in micro-organisms and some plant tissue, such as seeds. Many animals, including large ones, may undergo hibernation, and most plants have periods of dormancy. This article focuses primarily on the potential of large animals, especially humans, to undergo suspended animation.

In animals, suspended animation may be either hypometabolic or ametabolic in nature. It may be induced by either endogenous, natural or artificial biological, chemical or physical means. In its natural form, it may be spontaneously reversible as in the case of species demonstrating hypometabolic states of hibernation. When applied with therapeutic intent, as in deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA), usually technologically mediated revival is required.
Jimmy Prime
Gordon Edward Phillips III (born (1992-05-14)May 14, 1992), better known by his stage name Jimmy Prime, is a rapper from Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Jimmy is known for coining "The Six" as a nickname for Toronto and being the frontman of the hip hop group Prime Boys.

Worst Behavior
"Worst Behavior" is a song by Canadian recording artist Drake from his third studio album Nothing Was the Same (2013). "Worst Behavior" was produced by DJ Dahi, and was written by Drake, Anthony Palman, DJ Dahi, and Detail. The song peaked at number 89 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. On June 9, 2014, the song was serviced to urban contemporary radio in the United Kingdom as the album's seventh single.
Gilbert Wilson (bishop)
Christianity portal

William Gilbert Wilson (23 January 1918 – 21 June 1999) was Bishop of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh from  1981 to 1993.

Educated at Belfast Royal Academy and Trinity College, Dublin and  ordained in 1942, his first posts were curacies at St Mary Magdalene, Belfast and St Comgall's, Bangor. Following these he was Rector of Armoy and then Dean of Connor (1976–1981) before appointment to the episcopate as the fourteenth bishop diocesan of the united Diocese.

He served as editor of The Church of Ireland Gazette from 1963 to 1966.

Belfast Royal Academy
The Belfast Royal Academy (also known as BRA) is the oldest school in the city of Belfast, Northern Ireland. It is a co-educational, non-denominational voluntary grammar school in north Belfast. The Academy is one of 8 schools in Northern Ireland whose Head is a member of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference.
SS America (1898)
America was a packet boat transporting passengers, mail, and packages between settlements along the North Shore of Lake Superior, an inland sea in central North America. Built in 1898, America sank in Washington Harbor off the shore of Isle Royale in 1928, where the hull still remains. The wreck was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Packet boat
Packet boats were medium-sized boats designed mainly for domestic mail and freight transport in European countries and in North American rivers and canals. Eventually including basic passenger accommodation, they were used extensively during the 18th and 19th centuries, and had regularly scheduled services.

In the 18th century, packet boats were put into use on the Atlantic Ocean between Great Britain and its colonies, where the services were called the packet trade. In the later 19th century, steam-driven packets were used extensively in the United States on the Mississippi and Missouri rivers, servicing rivertowns such as St. Joseph, St. Paul, Galena and St. Louis and providing communication and supplies to be carried overland to more distant forts and trading posts.
Alyssa Hayden
Alyssa Kathleen Hayden (née Wallis; born 7 June 1970) is an Australian politician.

Born in Perth, Hayden was a proprietor of a small business and a Senate staff member before entering politics. In 2008, she was elected to the Western Australian Legislative Council as a Liberal Party member, representing East Metropolitan Region. Her term began on 22 May 2009. She was defeated at the 2017 state election.

In May 2018, Hayden was preselected as the Liberal candidate in the Darling Range by-election, held on 23 June, and regained the seat for the Liberals. She failed to retain the seat at the 2021 election.

After the 2021 election, Hayden started working in real estate sales.

East Metropolitan Region
The East Metropolitan Region was a multi-member electoral region of the Western Australian Legislative Council, located in the eastern and south-eastern suburbs of Perth. It was created by the Acts Amendment (Electoral Reform) Act 1987, and became effective on 22 May 1989 with five members who had been elected at the 1989 state election three months earlier. At the 2008 election, it was increased to six members.

The region, along with all other Western Australian Electoral Regions, was abolished in time with the 2025 state election, following legislation passed in November 2021 to create a single, state-wide constituency of 37 members.
Sachatamia ilex
Sachatamia ilex is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is found in eastern Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, western Colombia (Pacific lowlands and the Pacific slopes of the Cordillera Occidental), and western Ecuador. The common name Limon giant glass frog has been coined for this species, apparently in reference to its type locality in the canton of Limón, Costa Rica, and it is also known as Holly's glassfrog and the ghost glass frog.

Glass frog
The glass frogs belong to the amphibian family Centrolenidae (order Anura), native to the Central American and Colombian rainforests. The general background coloration of most glass frogs is primarily lime green, the abdominal skin of some members of this family is transparent and translucent, giving the glass frog its common name. The internal viscera, including the heart, liver, and gastrointestinal tract, are visible through the skin. When active, their blood makes them visible; when sleeping, most of the blood is concealed in the liver, hiding them. Glass frogs are arboreal, living mainly in trees, feeding on small insects and only coming out for mating season. Their transparency conceals them very effectively when sleeping on a green leaf, as they habitually do. However, climate change and habitat fragmentation have been threatening the survival rates of the family.
Ricinocarpos
Ricinocarpos is a genus of evergreen flowering plants in the family Euphorbiaceae and is endemic to Australia. Plants in the genus Ricinocarpos are monoecious shrubs with leaves arranged alternately along the branches, the edges curved downwards or rolled under. Male flowers are arranged singly or in racemes at the ends of branchlets, with four to six sepals that are fused at the base. There are four to six petals that are longer than the sepals, with many stamens fused to form a central column. Female flowers are arranged singly and are similar to male flowers but with three styles fused at the base and with a deeply branched tip. The fruit is a capsule containing seeds with an elaiosome.

The genus Ricinocarpus was first formally described in 1817 by René Louiche Desfontaines in Mémoires du Muséum d'histoire naturelle. The entire genus is endemic to Australia.

As of August 2023, the Australian Plant Census accepted the following species:

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae (/juːˈfɔːrbiˌeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
2002–03 Scottish First Division
The 2002–03 Scottish First Division was won by Falkirk. However, they were not promoted to the SPL because their stadium, Brockville Park, did not meet SPL criteria. Alloa Athletic and Arbroath were relegated to the Second Division.

Brockville Park
Brockville Park was a football stadium located on Hope Street in Falkirk, Scotland, 0.25 miles (0.4 km) north-west of the town centre. It was the home of Falkirk F.C. from 1885 until the end of 2002–03 Scottish football season. The record attendance at Brockville Park was 23,100 on 21 February 1953 in a match against Celtic. The stadium has since been replaced with a Morrisons supermarket. An old turnstile is on display next to the supermarket's car park.
High Woods
High Woods is a 33.7-hectare (83-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest on the northern outskirts of Bexhill-on-Sea in East Sussex. It is owned by Rother District Council and managed by Highwoods Preservation Society.

This site has several different habitats, including the only area of sessile oak coppice in the county. There are also areas of pedunculate oak and birch woodland, acidic grassland on wet heath, ponds and streams. Moss species include Sphagnum squarrosum  and  Hookeria lucens.

Quercus robur
Quercus robur, the pedunculate (or "English") oak, is a species of flowering plant in the beech and oak family, Fagaceae. It is a large tree, native to most of Europe, North Africa and western Asia, and is widely cultivated in other temperate regions. It grows on soils of near neutral acidity in the lowlands and is notable for its value to natural ecosystems, supporting a very wide diversity of herbivorous insects and other pests, predators and pathogens.
Badger Pass (Pioneer Mountains)
Badger Pass (el. 6755 ft.) is a high mountain pass in Beaverhead County, Montana. It is located between Bannack, Montana and Dillon, and traversed by Montana Secondary Highway 278.

The Badger Pass Mine is located at 45.21659 and W -112.95087. A "miniature gold rush" took place in the 1930s, with the discovery of an unusual sandstone formation on both sides of Badger Pass Road which turned out to contain gold, and was valued "as high as $42 a ton."

The Badger claim is in the SE1/4 of section 26, T6S, R11W, north of the Ermont No. 19 shaft. It was claimed during the 1932 gold rush by Hurly Leach and D. V. Erwin. The mine was developed by an inclined shaft at least 110 feet deep into a silicified replacement body in Jefferson Dolomite. The mine was worked from 1933 to 1936 and again in 1941. Total production was 859 tons containing 330 ounces of gold, 123 ounces of silver and 102 pounds of copper.

Dillon, Montana
Dillon is a city in and the county seat of Beaverhead County, Montana, United States. The population was 3,880 at the 2020 census. The city was named for Sidney Dillon (1812–1892), president of Union Pacific Railroad.
Leafvein Gulch
Leafvein Gulch (57°6′S 26°46′W﻿ / ﻿57.100°S 26.767°W﻿ / -57.100; -26.767) is a valley 0.5 nautical miles (1 km) long with intensely gullied flanks, draining the northeastern part of Vindication Island in the South Sandwich Islands. Its lower end lies southwest of Braces Point on the east coast of the island. The name, applied by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1971, derives from the pattern of the gullies which recall the radiating veins of a leaf.

Braces Point
Braces Point (57°6′S 26°46′W﻿ / ﻿57.100°S 26.767°W﻿ / -57.100; -26.767) is the northeast point of Vindication Island, South Sandwich Islands in the South Atlantic Ocean.

The feature was named Low Point during the survey from RRS Discovery II in 1930, but the name was changed to avoid duplication. The new name applied by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1971 refers to the bifid form of this point (see braces), reaching out to the nearby sea stack of Trousers Rock.
Bangladesh Road Transport Workers Federation
The Bangladesh Road Transport Workers Federation (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ সড়ক পরিবহন শ্রমিক ফেডারেশন) or BRTWF was established in 1991, after Shajahan Khan successfully united truck, bus and automobile workers federations. It is currently the largest trade union in Bangladesh.

The federation incumbent Acting president is the Abdur Rahim Bux Dudu. Humayun Kabir Khan is the Acting General Secretary, Sadiqur Rahman Hiru is the organiser. Abdur Rahim Box Dudu, Mofizul Haque Bebu, Tajul Islam are vice-presidents. Humayun Kabir Khan, Jubayer Jakir, Shojib Ali, Rofiqul Islam, M.A. Majid and Abul Bahar serve as joint-secretary of the central committee. Soto Monir MP is the board chair of the Tangail district.

Party organizer
A party organizer or local party organizer is a position in some political parties in charge of the establishing a party organization in a certain locality.

Herbert Ames wrote in his 1911 article "Organization of Political Parties in Canada" :

It is the aim of the party to have every county in Canada come under the supervision of some permanent organization. <...> A central office <...> is created for such a group. Here is installed a salaried official, party organizer. His duty is to revive existing local political organizations throughout the constituencies, to assist their members by correspondence and occasional visits, and, where there is as yet no political club, to gather together the sympathetic, and aid in forming a working combination. The main objective of the party organizer is to create the machinery whereby a truly representative convention may be convened, and acceptable candidate chosen, and the organization for securing success at the polls brought into being.