hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yale School of Medicine
The Yale School of Medicine is the medical school of Yale University, a private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut. It was founded in 1810 as the Medical Institution of Yale College and formally opened in 1813. It is the sixth-oldest medical school in the United States.

The school’s faculty clinical practice is Yale Medicine. Yale School of Medicine has a strong affiliation with its primary teaching hospital, Yale New Haven Hospital and the Yale New Haven Health System. The school is home to the Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, which is one of the country’s largest modern medical libraries and is known for its historical collections.

For the class of 2028, the school received 5,669 applications to fill 104 seats in the MD Program. This puts the acceptance rate at about 1.6%. The median GPA for the class was 3.94, and the median MCAT score was 521.

Sterling Professor
Sterling Professor, the highest academic rank at Yale University, is awarded to a tenured faculty member considered the best in their field. It is akin to the rank of distinguished professor at other universities.

The appointment can be granted to any Yale faculty member and is made by the President of Yale University and confirmed by the Yale Corporation. Up to forty professors can hold the title at the same time. The position was established through a 1918 bequest from John William Sterling, and the first Sterling Professor was appointed in 1920.
Evans Quinn
Evans Quinn (born July 1, 1983) is a Nicaraguan former professional boxer. A naturally talented and powerful fighter, Quinn recorded 20 professional wins, 18 of which came by knock out. Amidst reports of a lackadaisical approach to training and a taste for partying, Quinn's early potential went unfulfilled. His career stalled following high profile defeats to Siarhei Liakhovich, Kali Meehan and, in Quinn's final bout in May 2011, Seth Mitchell.

In February 2012, Quinn gunned down Raul Bennett Sambola in their mutual home town of Bluefields following a family feud. After spending a year on the run, Quinn was finally arrested in April 2013. He admitted to the murder and was sentenced to 17 years in jail.

Nicaraguans
Nicaraguans (Spanish: Nicaragüenses; also called Nicas) are people inhabiting in, originating or having significant heritage from Nicaragua. Most Nicaraguans live in Nicaragua, although there is also a significant Nicaraguan diaspora, particularly in Costa Rica and the United States with smaller communities in other countries around the world. There are also people living in Nicaragua who are not Nicaraguans because they were not born or raised in Nicaragua nor have they gained citizenship.
Chyorny Yar, Astrakhan Oblast
Chyorny Yar (Russian: Чёрный Яр, lit. black bluff) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Chernoyarsky District of Astrakhan Oblast, Russia, located on the elevated right bank of the Volga River. Population: 7,779 (2010 Census); 8,043 (2002 Census); 8,100 (1989 Soviet census); 7,642 (1899 est.).

It was established as a fort on the left bank of the Volga in 1627. Seven years later, it was moved to the opposite bank. In 1785, it was designated an uyezd town. The stanitsa of Chernoyarskaya used to be an important center of the Astrakhan Cossack Host. In 1925, it was demoted in status to that of a rural locality.

Stanitsa
A stanitsa or stanitza (/stəˈniːtsə/ stə-NEET-sə; Russian: станица [stɐˈnʲitsə] ⓘ), also spelled stanytsia (Ukrainian: станиця [stɐˈnɪtsʲɐ]) or stanitsa (Belarusian: станіца [staˈnʲitsa]), was a historical administrative unit of a Cossack host, a type of Cossack polity that existed in the Russian Empire.
Onesphore Nzikwinkunda
Onesphore Nzikwinkunda (born 10 June 1997) is a Burundian long-distance runner, who specializes in the 5K and 10K. In 2019, he competed in the men's 10,000 metres at the 2019 World Athletics Championships held in Doha, Qatar. He finished in 18th place.

In 2017, he competed in the senior men's race at the 2017 IAAF World Cross Country Championships held in Kampala, Uganda. He finished in 14th place. In 2019, he competed in the senior men's race at the 2019 IAAF World Cross Country Championships held in Aarhus, Denmark. He again finished in 14th place.

In 2019, he also represented Burundi at the 2019 African Games and he finished in 6th place in the men's 10,000 metres event.

2019 IAAF World Cross Country Championships
The 2019 IAAF World Cross Country Championships were hosted in the city of Aarhus in Denmark. It was the 43rd edition of the championships and was held on 30 March 2019.

A part of the course was run on the grounds and grass roof of the Moesgaard Museum. The race was held in challenging conditions, due to the very muddy course and steep hills. The senior men's race was won by Ugandan Joshua Cheptegei, while the senior women's race was won by Kenyan Hellen Obiri.
Wakimoto Castle
Wakimoto Castle (脇本城, Wakimoto-jō) is a Sengoku period Japanese castle located in Oga, Akita Prefecture, in the Tōhoku region of Japan.  The site was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1979.

Tōhoku region
The Tōhoku region (東北地方, Tōhoku-chihō; IPA: [toːhokɯ̥ tɕiꜜhoː]), Northeast region, Ōu region (奥羽地方, Ōu-chihō), or Northeast Japan (東北日本, Tōhoku Nihon) consists of the northeastern portion of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. This traditional region consists of six prefectures (ken): Akita, Aomori, Fukushima, Iwate, Miyagi, and Yamagata.

Tōhoku retains a reputation as a remote, scenic region with a harsh climate. In the 20th century, tourism became a major industry in the Tōhoku region.
James L. Leighton
James Lincoln Leighton (born February 12, 1964) is an American chemist. He is a professor of chemistry in the Department of Chemistry at Columbia University. He is known for his non-aldol approaches to polyketides.

Polyketide
In organic chemistry, polyketides are a class of natural products derived from a precursor molecule consisting of a chain of alternating ketone (>C=O, or its reduced forms) and methylene (>CH2) groups: [−C(=O)−CH2−]n. First studied in the early 20th century, discovery, biosynthesis, and application of polyketides has evolved. It is a large and diverse group of secondary metabolites caused by its complex biosynthesis which resembles that of fatty acid synthesis. Because of this diversity, polyketides can have various medicinal, agricultural, and industrial applications. Many polyketides are medicinal or exhibit acute toxicity. Biotechnology has enabled discovery of more naturally occurring polyketides and evolution of new polyketides with novel or improved bioactivity.
King Huiwen of Zhao
King Huiwen of Zhao (Chinese: 趙惠文王) (born 310 BCE – died 266 BCE, r. 298–266 BCE), personal name Zhao He, was a king of the Zhao state. During his reign, the Zhao state reached its apogee, with the aid of famous administrators and generals alike such as Lin Xiangru, Lian Po, Zhao She and Li Mu. He was the first ruler of Zhao to style himself "king" without later reversing the decision, and also the last ruler during the Warring States period to declare himself king.

Lian Po
Lian Po (Chinese: 廉頗; c. 327 BC – 243 BC), was a prominent General of the Zhao state in the Warring States period of Chinese history. He is regarded by Chinese modern folklore as one of the Four Greatest Generals of the Late Warring States period, along with Bai Qi, Wang Jian and Li Mu. Since his early years as a general, he won multiple battles, which earn him fame and a successful military career in his home state.
Sunndalsøra
Sunndalsøraⓘ is the administrative centre of Sunndal Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The village of Sunndalsøra lies at the mouth of the river Driva at the beginning of the Sunndalsfjord. Sunndalsøra is surrounded by steep mountains, such as Hårstadnebba, which reach elevations as high as 1,700 metres (5,600 ft). Some of these mountains around Sunndalsøra are used for BASE jumping.

The 3.61-square-kilometre (890-acre) village has a population (2024) of 4,207 and a population density of 1,165 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,020/sq mi).

BASE jumping
BASE jumping (/beɪs/) is the sport of jumping from fixed objects, using a parachute to descend to the ground. BASE is an acronym that stands for four categories of fixed objects from which one can jump: buildings, antennas (referring to radio masts), spans (bridges) and earth (cliffs). Participants jump from a fixed object such as a cliff and after an optional freefall delay deploy a parachute to slow their descent and land. A popular form of BASE jumping is wingsuit BASE jumping.

In contrast to other forms of parachuting, such as skydiving from airplanes, BASE jumps are performed from fixed objects that are generally at much lower altitudes, and BASE jumpers only carry one parachute.
BASE jumping is significantly more hazardous than other forms of parachuting and is widely considered to be one of the most dangerous extreme sports.
Denis Kiwanuka Lote
Denis Kiwanuka Lote (25 March 1938 – 24 April 2022) was a Ugandan Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Tororo from 27 June 2007 until 2 January 2014. He previously served as Bishop of Kotido from 20 May 1991 until 27 June 2007.

Catholic Church in Uganda
The Catholic Church in Uganda is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome.

According to the 2024 census, there were an estimated 16,985,004 Catholics in the country, comprising around 37 percent of the total population.
SuperVia
SuperVia Trens Urbanos (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˌsupeʁˈvi.ɐ tɾẽzuʁˈbɐ̃nuʃ]) (English: SuperVia Urban Trains) is a rapid transit and commuter rail company operator, founded in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) in November 1998. It carries around 750,000 passengers a day on a railroad network comprising 104 stations in 12 cities: Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias, Guapimirim, Nova Iguaçu, Nilópolis, Mesquita, Queimados, São João de Meriti, Belford Roxo, Japeri, Paracambi and Magé.

The baggage areas of SuperVia trains were an adaptation of the original design to fit the Brazilian reality. A Brazilian study found that the average passenger carries a weight of 7 kg in backpacks, shopping bags or briefcases on their daily commute.

Nilópolis
22°48′28″S 43°24′50″W﻿ / ﻿22.80778°S 43.41389°W﻿ / -22.80778; -43.41389

Nilópolis (Portuguese pronunciation: [niˈlɔpoliʃ], [niˈlɔpɔliʃ], [niˈlɔpuliʃ]) is a municipality in Brazil, located in the Rio de Janeiro state's southwestern region, bordering São João de Meriti, Mesquita and Rio de Janeiro. It is the smallest municipality in Rio de Janeiro state, with a total area of 19.39 km2. The population of 162,693 inhabitants living in an area of 9 km2 and the remaining area corresponds to the Gericinó's Natural Park. Officially, the population density exceeds 8,120 inhabitants/km2, but if calculated just 9 km2 occupied, it becomes the most densely populated city in Brazil with more than 17.400 inhabitants/km2. Currently, São João de Meriti has the highest population density, with 12,897 inhabitants/km2.

The city was named after Nilo Peçanha, a President of Brazil.
Fraser Rise
Fraser Rise is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 24 km (15 mi) North West of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Melton local government area. Fraser Rise recorded a population of 9,097 at the 2021 census.

The suburb was gazetted by the Office of Geographic Names on 9 February 2017, following a proposal for eleven new suburbs by the City of Melton. The new name officially came into effect in mid-year 2017. Prior to the suburb's creation, the area was part of Plumpton.

Western Highway (Victoria)
Western Highway is a major arterial route in western Victoria with a length of approximately 258 kilometres (160 mi) of single carriageway, then 161 kilometres (100 mi) of dual carriageway known as Western Freeway, linking the western suburbs of Melbourne to the border with South Australia at Serviceton. It is the Victorian part of the principal route linking the Australian cities of Melbourne and Adelaide, and is a part of the National Highway network, designated routes A8 and M8. The western end continues into South Australia as Dukes Highway, the next section of the Melbourne–Adelaide National Highway.

Western Highway is the second-busiest national highway in Australia, in terms of freight movements, with over five million tonnes annually, and provides the link between the eastern seaboard and South Australia and Western Australia.
Anna Konstam
Anna Konstam (22 February 1914 – 21 November 1982) was a British theatre and film actress.

She appeared in the comedy Love in a Mist at St Martin's Theatre in 1941. She also played roles at Stratford in 1942–43, including Desdemona in Othello, Olivia in Twelfth Night and Hermione in The Winter's Tale.

Twelfth Night
Twelfth Night, or What You Will is a romantic comedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written around 1601–1602 as a Twelfth Night entertainment for the close of the Christmas season. The play centres on the twins Viola and Sebastian, who are separated in a shipwreck. Viola (disguised as a page named 'Cesario') falls in love with the Duke Orsino, who in turn is in love with Countess Olivia. Upon meeting Viola, Countess Olivia falls in love with her, thinking she is a man.

The play expanded on the musical interludes and riotous disorder expected of the occasion, with plot elements drawn from Barnabe Rich's short story "Of Apollonius and Silla", based on a story by Matteo Bandello. The first documented public performance was on 2 February 1602, at Candlemas, the formal end of the Christmastide–Epiphanytide season in the Christian liturgical year's calendar. The play was not published until its inclusion in the 1623 First Folio.
I Wanna Dance (Melodie MC song)
"I Wanna Dance" is a song by Swedish recording artist Melodie MC, released in 1993 as the fourth single from his debut album, Northland Wonderland (1993). It features vocals by singer Lotta Sundgren, and peaked at number six in Sweden and number eight in the Netherlands. Additionally, it was a top 30 hit in Belgium while it reached number 72 on the Eurochart Hot 100 in November 1993. Outside Europe, the song was a hit in Australia, peaking at number 21.

European Hot 100 Singles
The European Hot 100 Singles was compiled by Billboard and Music & Media magazine from March 1984 until December 2010. The chart was based on national singles sales charts in 17 European countries: Austria, Belgium (two charts separately for Flanders and Wallonia), Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom.

By the issue dated/week ending November 13, 2010, the European Hot 100 had accumulated 400 number one hits. The final chart was published on December 11, 2010, following the news of Billboard closing their London office and letting their UK-based staff go. The final number one single on the chart was "Only Girl (in the World)" by Rihanna.
Testosterone regulations in women's athletics
The testosterone regulations in women's athletics are a series of policies limiting blood testosterone levels for female athletics competitors as a means of sex verification. They were first published in 2011 by the IAAF (now World Athletics) and last updated following a court victory against the athlete Caster Semenya in May 2019. The first version of the rules applied to all women with high testosterone, but the current version of the rules only applies to athletes with certain XY disorders of sexual development.

Specifically, they set a limit of 5 nmol/L testosterone, which applies only to distances between 400 m and 1 mile (inclusive), other events being unrestricted. Athletes are allowed to compete in the restricted events with medical suppression of testosterone (by contraceptive injections or pills, or physical castration), although in practice many have chosen to switch to unaffected events, most notably the 200 m.

Court of Arbitration for Sport
The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS; French: Tribunal arbitral du sport, TAS) is an international body established in 1984 to settle disputes related to sport through arbitration. Its headquarters are in Lausanne, Switzerland, and its courts are located in New York City, Sydney, and Lausanne. Temporary courts are established in current Olympic host cities.

The International Council of Arbitration for Sport (ICAS) was established simultaneously, and a single president presides over both bodies. The ICAS, which has a membership of 20 individuals, is responsible for the financing of and financial reporting by the CAS, and it appoints the Director-General of the CAS.
Billy Bunter in Brazil
Billy Bunter in Brazil is a school story by Charles Hamilton writing as Frank Richards, using the characters and settings of the Greyfriars School stories published from 1908 to 1940 in The Magnet. The book's retail price was 7s 6d.

First published in March 1949 by Charles Skilton Ltd, London, the fourth in a series of post-WWII hardback novels, it was subsequently reprinted by them in 1952 and 1959. It was reprinted in paperback by Armada Books in 1970, and in hardback in 1992 by Hawk Books. A Greyfriars School holiday story, the novel has a colour dust jacket, frontispiece and black and white illustrations by R. J. Macdonald.

Armada Books
Armada Books was a British publishing imprint that used to publish paperback titles from 1962 until 1995. Created by Gordon Landsborough as the paperback imprint of May Fair Books Ltd, Armada Books focused exclusively on books for children to buy with their pocket money. Armada was sold in 1966 and eventually ended up in the hands of Collins, who used it to publish books for 10- to 15-year-olds under their Fontana Books paperback arm until 1992.
Mark Leier
Mark Leier is a Canadian historian and, since 1994, a professor of working class and left-wing history at Simon Fraser University (SFU). From 2000 to 2010, he was the director of the Centre for Labour Studies at Simon Fraser.

Leier was born in Ladner, British Columbia. Prior to attending university, Leier was employed in various professions, including as a union carpenter and as a member of the Canadian Union of Public Employees. He earned his PhD in History from Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN) in 1992.

As part of the Graphic History Collective, he helped produce May Day: A Graphic History of Protest.

Ladner, British Columbia
Ladner is a part of the City of Delta, British Columbia, Canada, a suburb of Vancouver, British Columbia. It was created as a fishing village on the banks of the Fraser River.

Named for Thomas and William Ladner, who came to the area in 1868 and began large farming and fishing operations, it developed as a centre for these operations. A series of ferries, culminating in the Ladner Ferry, allowed for access across the river to Richmond. The George Massey Tunnel provided a permanent connection in 1959.
Suffolk Downs
Suffolk Downs was a Thoroughbred race track in East Boston, Massachusetts, United States. The track opened in 1935 after being built by Joseph A. Tomasello at a cost of $2 million. It was sold in May 2017 to a developer who plans to create housing and a shopping district. The final day of live racing at the track was June 30, 2019, with the facility hosting simulcast race wagering thereafter. The only remaining live horse racing in Massachusetts is at Plainridge Park Casino, which has harness racing.

A number of famous horses raced at Suffolk Downs, including Seabiscuit, Whirlaway, Funny Cide, and Cigar. The Massachusetts Handicap (or MassCap) was the track's most significant annual event, last held in 2008.  The track is a 1-mile (1.6 km) dirt oval with a seven-furlong inner turf track.  Non-race functions at the venue included the Hot Dog Safari. The track provided the name of the nearby MBTA Suffolk Downs subway station.

Hot Dog Day
Hot Dog Days are informal events that are celebrated in communities throughout the hotdog-eating world, including the United States, Canada and Australia. The earliest known Hot Dog Day was held in Alfred, New York in 1972. As the name suggests, the festivals revolve around eating hot dogs, but usually there are many other activities such as wiener dog races, root beer chugging contests, and face painting. Often the proceeds from a hot dog day are given to charity.

Industry groups, such as National Hot Dog and Sausage Council in the US, encourage, sponsor, and support some of the events. The Council designates July as National Hot Dog Month; National Hot Dog Day varies year to year. It annually falls on the 3rd Wednesday of July, which in 2025 is July 16. The council also gives advice on hot-dog eating etiquette, which aren't considered strict, as most Hot Dog Day style events do not adhere to them.
Álvaro Bulhão Pato
Álvaro Bulhão Pato (1840 – 14 February 1936) was a Portuguese politician and a writer, during the First Portuguese Republic, he was mayor of Angra do Heroísmo in the Azores, he was senator in two legislatures in the Portuguese Ministry of the Colonies during the government of Rodrigues Gaspar from 6 July to 22 November 1924 He succeeded Mariano Martins and was succeeded by Carlos de Vasconcelos.

Angra do Heroísmo
Angra do Heroísmo, officially the Very Noble, Loyal and Ever Steadfast City of Angra do Heroísmo, or simply Angra, is a city and municipality on Terceira Island, Portugal, and one of the three capital cities of the Azores. Founded in 1478, Angra was historically the most important city in the Azores, as seat of the Bishop of the Azores, government entities, and having previously served as the capital city of Portugal during the Liberal Wars. The population in 2011 was 35,402, in an area of 239.00 km2. It was classified as a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1983.
History of Manchester City F.C. (2001–present)
This page chronicles the history of English football team Manchester City Football Club in further detail from 2001 to the present day. See History of Manchester City F.C. for a history overview of Manchester City.

The 2001 to 2023 history of Manchester City has been marked by stability and then unprecedented success, with the club establishing itself as a Premier League regular since 2002. City was taken over in 2007 by Thaksin Shinawatra, who invested a considerable portion of money into the club with Sven-Göran Eriksson. After being arrested for political corruption in the summer of 2008, Shinawatra had to sell the club to the Abu Dhabi United Group, which ushered in a new era in the history of Manchester City.

Stamford Bridge (stadium)
Stamford Bridge (/ˈstæmfərd/) is a football stadium in Fulham, in the Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham, in West London. It is the home of Premier League club Chelsea. With a capacity of 41,312, it is the twelfth-largest football stadium in England.

Opened in 1877, the stadium was used by London Athletic Club until 1905, when new owner Gus Mears founded Chelsea Football Club to occupy the ground; Chelsea have played their home games there ever since. It has undergone major changes over the years, most recently in the 1990s when it was renovated into a modern, all-seater stadium.

Stamford Bridge has hosted Charity Shield games. It has also hosted numerous other sports, such as cricket, rugby union, rugby league, speedway, greyhound racing, baseball and American football. The stadium's highest official attendance is 82,905, for a league match between Chelsea and Arsenal on 12 October 1935.