hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Organization of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
The organization of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was based on the principles of democratic centralism.

The governing body of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) was the Party Congress, which initially met annually but whose meetings became less frequent, particularly under Joseph Stalin (dominant from the late 1920s to 1953). Party Congresses would elect a Central Committee which, in turn, would elect a Politburo and a Secretariat. Under Stalin, the most powerful position in the party became the General Secretary, who was elected by the Politburo and Secretariat. In 1952 the Politburo became the Presidium.

In theory, supreme power in the party was invested in the Party Congress.  However, in practice the power structure became reversed and, particularly after the death of Lenin in January 1924, supreme power became the domain of the General Secretary.

Central committee
A central committee is a political-executive organ designated as the highest organ of a communist party between two congresses. Per the principles of democratic centralism, a central committee is empowered to deal with any issue that falls under the party's purview. While formally retaining this role in socialist states, commonly referred to as communist states by outside observers, in practice, it delegates this authority to numerous smaller internal organs due to the infrequency of its meetings.

The term of a central committee of a ruling communist party is usually five years. The party congress elects individuals to the central committee and holds it accountable. At the first central committee session held immediately after a congress, it elects the party leader, an office usually titled general secretary of the central committee, a political organ, commonly known as the politburo, and an executive organ, customarily named the secretariat.
French ship Dupuy de Lôme (A759)
Dupuy de Lôme (A759), named after the 19th century engineer Henri Dupuy de Lôme, is a ship designed for the collection of signals and communications beyond enemy lines, which entered the service of the French Navy in April 2006. In contrast to Bougainville, the ship that she replaced, Dupuy de Lôme was specifically designed for sea intelligence, pursuant to the MINREM project (Moyen Interarmées Naval de Recherche ElectroMagnétique, "Joint Naval Resources for Electromagnetic Research").

Signals intelligence
Signals intelligence (SIGINT) is the act and field of intelligence-gathering by interception of signals, whether communications between people (communications intelligence—abbreviated to COMINT) or from electronic signals not directly used in communication (electronic intelligence—abbreviated to ELINT). As classified and sensitive information is usually encrypted, signals intelligence may necessarily involve cryptanalysis (to decipher the messages). Traffic analysis—the study of who is signaling to whom and in what quantity—is also used to integrate information, and it may complement cryptanalysis.
Blaise Pascal University
Blaise Pascal University (French: Université Blaise-Pascal), also known as Université Clermont-Ferrand II, was a public university with its main campus in Clermont-Ferrand, France, with satellite locations in other parts of the region of Auvergne, including Vichy, Moulins, Montluçon, and Aubière. On 1 January 2017, the university merged with the University of Auvergne to form the Clermont Auvergne University.

Auvergne
Auvergne (/oʊˈvɛərn(jə), oʊˈvɜːrn/; French: [ovɛʁɲ] ⓘ; Occitan: Auvèrnhe or Auvèrnha) is a cultural region in central France. It is now largely part of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes administrative region.

Auvergne is generally regarded as conterminous with the land area of the historical Province of Auvergne, which was dissolved in 1790, and with the now-defunct administrative region of Auvergne, which existed from 1956 to 2015.

The region is home to a chain of volcanoes known collectively as the "chaîne des Puys". The volcanoes began forming about 70,000 years ago, and most have eroded, leaving plugs of hardened magma that form rounded hilltops known as puys. The last confirmed eruption occurred around 4040 BCE.
Harry Koch (German footballer)
Harry Koch (born 15 November 1969) is a German former professional footballer, who played as a centre-back, and a coach.

His son Robin (b. 1996) is also a footballer, playing for Eintracht Frankfurt and the Germany national football team.

1997–98 Bundesliga
The 1997–98 Bundesliga was the 35th season of the Bundesliga, Germany's premier football league. It began on 1 August 1997 and ended on 9 May 1998. FC Bayern Munich were the defending champions. FC Kaiserslautern won the Bundesliga on 1 May 1998 with one match remaining, the only time to date that a newly promoted team has won the league.
Lee Cornwell
Lee Cornwell is an English retired-American football defender who spent most of his career in the American indoor leagues.

In 1980, Cornwell moved to the United States from Leyton Orient to sign with the California Surf of the North American Soccer League. He played the 1979-1981 NASL indoor/outdoor season with the Surf. In 1981, Cornwell moved to the Baltimore Blast of the Major Indoor Soccer League. In 1982, he moved to the Los Angeles Lazers. The Lazers retired 1 November 1988. Cornwell became an American citizen during his time with the Lazers. In 1989, he spent one season with the California Kickers of the Western Soccer League.

Baltimore Blast (1980–1992)
The Baltimore Blast were a longtime member of the Major Indoor Soccer League. From 1978 to 1980, the team played as the Houston Summit, but moved prior to the 1980–81 season. The team won the league's championship in the 1983–84 season. The team folded when the MISL ceased operation in the summer of 1992.
Buechenegg Pass
Buechenegg Pass (el. 786 m or 2,579 ft) is a mountain pass in the Albis range in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. It connects Langnau am Albis and Tägerst, on the road from Aeugst am Albis to Stallikon. The western ramp and crest of the pass is in the municipality of Stallikon, with the eastern ramp in Langnau. A walking trail follows the ridge-line of the Albis range and connects Buechenegg with Felsenegg and Uetliberg, to the north, and the Albis Pass to the south.

Uetliberg
The Uetliberg (also known as Üetliberg) is a mountain in the Swiss plateau, part of the Albis chain, rising to 870 m (2,850 ft). The mountain offers a panoramic view of the entire city of Zürich (to the northeast of its summit), Zürichberg and Lake Zurich (both to the east), and lies on the boundary between the city of Zurich and the municipalities of Stallikon and Uitikon in the canton of Zurich. The summit, known as Uto Kulm, is in Stallikon. Uetliberg is the Hausberg of Zurich.

At the summit, there is the Hotel Uto Kulm, together with two towers. One of these is a look-out tower (access costs CHF 2, rebuilt 1990), whilst the other is the 186 m (610 ft) tall Uetliberg TV-tower (rebuilt 1990).
Athletics at the 1966 British Empire and Commonwealth Games – Women's 100 yards
The women's 100 yards event at the 1966 British Empire and Commonwealth Games was held on 6 and 8 August at the Independence Park in Kingston, Jamaica. It was the last time that the imperial distance was contested at the Games: in 1970 it was replaced by the 100 metres.

100-yard dash
The 100-yard dash is a track and field sprint event of 100 yards (91.44 metres). It was part of the Commonwealth Games until 1970, and was included in the triathlon of the Olympics in 1904. It is not generally used in international events, replaced by the 100-metre sprint (109.36 yards). However, it is still occasionally run in the United States in certain competitions; in the NCAA championships it was last run in 1975. Walter Halben Butler (1852–1931) is credited with being the first to run the race in 10 seconds.
Aelurillus cypriotus
Aelurillus cypriotus is  a species of jumping spider in the genus Aelurillus that lives in Cyprus, after which it is named. It has been found living in both natural environments and areas of human habitation, including forests of Pinus nigra trees and in a ski resort on Mount Olympus.

It is a small spider with a brown carapace that measures between 1.96 and 2.8 mm (0.077 and 0.110 in) in length and an abdomen that measures between 1.96 and 3 mm (0.077 and 0.118 in) in length. The female is larger than the male. The male has a yellow-grey abdomen, marked with a stripe down the middle. The female abdomen is yellow-brown with an indistinct pattern. It has a row of brown bristles at the base of its face or clypeus.The spider's legs are yellow or yellow-brown, with brown markings. The female copulatory organs include looping insemination ducts that lead to unusually complex spermathecae, or receptacles.

Palpal bulb
The two palpal bulbs – also known as palpal organs and genital bulbs – are the copulatory organs of a male spider. They are borne on the last segment of the pedipalps (the front "limbs" of a spider), giving the spider an appearance often described as like wearing boxing gloves. The palpal bulb does not actually produce sperm, being used only to transfer it to the female. Palpal bulbs are only fully developed in adult male spiders and are not completely visible until after the final moult. In the majority of species of spider, the bulbs have complex shapes and are important in identification.
Grodna (Blake)
In the mythological writings of William Blake, Grodna is the third son of Urizen.

In Chapter VIII of The Book of Urizen his birth is described:

Grodna rent the deep earth, howling

Amaz'd; his heavens immense cracks

Like the ground parched with heat,[...]

His identification is with the classical element Earth, in the alignment of Urizen's four sons.

William Blake's mythology
The prophetic books of the English poet and artist William Blake contain an invented mythology, in which Blake worked to encode his spiritual and political ideas into a prophecy for a new age. This desire to recreate the cosmos is the heart of his work and his psychology. His myths often described the struggle between enlightenment and free love on the one hand, and restrictive education and morals on the other.
USS Portland
Three ships of the United States Navy have borne the name USS Portland, named in honor of the cities of Portland, Maine, and Portland, Oregon.

USS Portland (CA-33) was a Portland-class heavy cruiser, launched in 1932 and struck in 1959

USS Portland (LSD-37) was an Anchorage-class dock landing ship, launched in 1969 and struck in 2004

USS Portland (LPD-27) is a San Antonio-class amphibious transport dock launched 13 February 2016

San Antonio-class amphibious transport dock
The San Antonio class is a class of amphibious transport docks, also called a "landing platform, dock" (LPD), used by the United States Navy. These warships replace the Austin-class LPDs (including Cleveland and Trenton sub-classes), as well as the Newport-class tank landing ships, the Anchorage-class dock landing ships, and the Charleston-class amphibious cargo ships that have already been retired.

Twelve ships of the San Antonio class were originally proposed, their original target price was US$890 million; as built, their average cost is $1.6 billion. Defense Authorization for Fiscal Year 2015 included partial funding for the twelfth San Antonio-class ship. As of December 2022 eleven warships of this class were in service with the U.S. Navy, with an additional three ships under construction. The Navy decided in 2018 to produce a second flight of 13 planned LPD Flight II ships, for a total of 26 in the LPD 17 class; LPD 30, Harrisburg, is the first Flight II ship.
Rock-O-Rama Records
Rock-O-Rama Records is a Cologne-based German independent record label that operated between 1980 and 1994, established and run by Herbert Egoldt. Though initially dedicated to releasing and distributing left-wing or apolitical German and international punk and hardcore, Rock-O-Rama became a leading label for white power rock and Rock Against Communism from the middle of the 1980s. Following a 1993 police raid, Egoldt closed the label in 1994 under the threat of legal action from German authorities.

Rock Against Communism
Rock Against Communism (RAC) was the name of white power rock concerts in the United Kingdom in the late 1970s and early 1980s; it has since become the catch-all term for music with racist lyrics as well as a specific genre of rock music derived from Oi! The lyrics can focus on racism and antisemitism; however, this depends on the band.
Barbro Lönnkvist
Barbro Lönnkvist (born 22 June 1959) is a Swedish orienteering competitor. She became a Relay World Champion in 1981 as a member of the Swedish winning team, together with team members Arja Hannus, Karin Rabe and Annichen Kringstad.

Lönnkvist was placed first at the Swedish 5-day O-Ringen event in Sundsvall in 1988, and again in Östersund in 1989.

Sundsvall
Sundsvall (Swedish: [ˈsɵ̂nː(d)sval] ⓘ), or Sundsvall och Timrå is a city and the seat of Sundsvall Municipality in Västernorrland County, Sweden. As of 2023, the city has a population of 70,918; nearly 100,000 live in the municipal area. It is Sweden's 17th largest city by population. The city is widely known for its stone buildings in the city centre, known as "Stenstaden".
Kusle
Kusle (Meadow Mari: кӱсле; Northwestern Mari: кӹсле, кӹслӓ) or  karsh (Meadow and Northwestern Mari: кӓрш) is a Mari plucked string instrument (chordophone). It has 12-20 strings and is shaped like a semi-circle. The instrument is played in the lap, with both hands, and was played on some occasions such as ritual sacrifices, and to accompany dancing. Kusle is described as resembling the Russian gusli or the Finnish kantele.

Organologist Anthony Baines noted in 1969, regarding the medieval Russian gusli: "...and the instrument has latterly been revived, notably in the Mari province by the Volga".

Organology
Organology (/ˌɔːrɡəˈnɒlədʒi/; from Ancient Greek  ὄργανον organon 'instrument' and  λόγος logos 'the study of') is the science of musical instruments and their classifications. It embraces study of instruments' history, instruments used in different cultures, technical aspects of how instruments produce sound, and musical instrument classification. There is a degree of overlap between organology, ethnomusicology (being subsets of musicology) and the branch of the science of acoustics devoted to musical instruments.
Velsicol Chemical Corporation
Velsicol Chemical Corporation is an American chemical company based in Rosemont, Illinois, that specializes in chemical intermediates for applications such as agrochemicals. It was founded in 1931 by Joseph Regenstein and Julius Hyman.

Agrochemical
An agrochemical or agrichemical, a contraction of agricultural chemical, is a chemical product used in conventional or industrial agriculture. Agrochemical typically refers to pesticides and synthetic fertilizers. The term agrochemical is sometimes used informally synonymously with pesticides, sometimes also informally to mean pesticides and fertilizers, and sometimes more correctly to include all chemicals used in agriculture. Other chemicals used in agriculture are plant hormones and plant growth regulators (PGRs), insect attractants, insect repellents, plant defense inducers, herbicide safeners, adjuvents and co-formulants, soil conditioners and soil amendments, liming and acidifying agents. For livestock feed additives, animal growth regulators, anthelmintics and other antiparasitics are used.
The Growing Process
The Growing Process is the second studio album by American rapper Dizzy Wright. It was released on May 26, 2015, by Funk Volume and Warner Records. The album features guest appearances from Big K.R.I.T., Tech N9ne, Hopsin, Krayzie Bone, Layzie Bone, Jarren Benton, SwizZz, Berner, and Mod Sun, among others.

The album peaked at number 47 on the Billboard 200 chart.

Funk Volume
Funk Volume was an American independent record label founded by American rapper Hopsin and Damien Ritter in 2007. The label was home to artists Dizzy Wright, Jarren Benton, SwizZz, and producers DJ Hoppa and Kato before its 2016 dissolution. It did so due to financial alterations, and following their feud, Hopsin decided to leave the label, which resulted in its signees following suit. The label was shut down soon after, although Hopsin and Ritter reconciled in 2021.
Radio Gelderland
Radio Gelderland is a regional public radio station for the Dutch province of Gelderland. Its history started in 1965 when Gelderland joined the RONO (Radio Omroep Noord en Oost). The RONO was already broadcasting for the north and east of the Netherlands. In 1977 RONO split into Radio Noord for Groningen and Drenthe, Radio Fryslân for Friesland and Radio Oost for Overijssel and Gelderland. Since 1985 Radio Gelderland is an independent broadcaster.

Radio Gelderland can be received on analogue terrestrial radio on 103.5 MHz FM Veluwe, 88.9 MHz FM Arnhem/Nijmegen, 90.4 MHz FM Achterhoek and 99.6 MHz FM Betuwe, and via DAB+. It's also available on cable (both analogue and digital), free-to-air on the Digital Terrestrial Television platform Digitenne, free-to-air on the Satellite television platform CanalDigitaal, IPTV platforms, Fiber-to-the-home platforms and on the internet.

Nijmegen
Nijmegen (/ˈnaɪmeɪɡən/ NY-may-gən, Dutch: [ˈnɛimeːɣə(n)] ⓘ; Nijmeegs: Nimwèège [ˈnɪmβ̞ɛːçə]) is the largest city in the Dutch province of Gelderland and the ninth largest of the Netherlands as a whole. Located on the Waal River close to the German border, Nijmegen is one of the oldest cities in the Netherlands and the first to be recognized as such in Roman times. In 2005, it celebrated 2,000 years of existence.

Nijmegen became a free imperial city in 1230 and a Hanseatic city in 1402. Since 1923 it has been a university city with the opening of a Catholic institution now known as the Radboud University Nijmegen. The city is well known for the annual Vierdaagse — the International Four Days Marches Nijmegen event.

Its population as of 2024 was 187,011.
Ricardo López Murphy
Ricardo Hipólito López Murphy (born 10 August 1951) is an Argentine economist, academic and politician. He served as Minister of Defense and Minister of Economy during the presidency of Fernando de la Rúa. His time at the helm of the economy portfolio lasted only 15 days, as he was forced to leave office after announcing an unpopular austerity plan. Since 2021, he has been a National Deputy elected in Buenos Aires for the Juntos por el Cambio coalition.

He was chairman of Liberal Network for Latin America, an association of institutions to promote liberalism. Currently, he chairs the think tank Republican Civic Foundation.

Originally a member of the centrist Radical Civic Union (UCR), López Murphy describes himself ideologically as a republican liberal. Since 2020, he has chaired his own political party, United Republicans.

Liberal Network for Latin America
The Liberal Network for Latin America (Spanish: Red Liberal de América Latina), (Portuguese: Rede Liberal da América Latina), abbreviated to RELIAL, is a network of 46 liberal institutions from 16 Latin American countries. Members of RELIAL include political parties as well as think tanks, foundations and research institutes. RELIAL is the regional organization of the Liberal International.

It was founded in 2003 with the official launch taking place in Costa Rica November, 2004.
Murray Webb
Murray George Webb (born 22 June 1947) is a prominent New Zealand caricature artist and a former New Zealand Test cricketer. He was born at Invercargill in 1947 and educated at Timaru Boys' High School.

Caricature
A caricature is a rendered image showing the features of its subject in a simplified or exaggerated way through sketching, pencil strokes, or other artistic drawings (compare to: cartoon). Caricatures can be either insulting or complimentary, and can serve a political purpose, be drawn solely for entertainment, or for a combination of both. Caricatures of politicians are commonly used in newspapers and news magazines as political cartoons, while caricatures of movie stars are often found in entertainment magazines. In literature, a caricature is a distorted representation of a person in a way that exaggerates some characteristics and oversimplifies others.
Henry Martin (Kinsale MP)
Henry Martin (21 December 1763 – 19 July 1839) was a Member of Parliament. He represented the constituency of Kinsale from 29 April 1806 to 27 June 1818.

He was the second son of Captain William Martin R.N. by Arabella his wife, daughter of Admiral Sir William Rowley of Tending Hall in the County of Suffolk, K.B. In early life he served as an ensign in the 69th regiment in North America. The corps to which he was attached having been embarked on board the fleet, he was present in the actions of 25 January 1782 and 12 April 1782 and other naval engagements.

Martin owned the estate village of Colston Bassett and was responsible for the building of several larger houses including the rectory.

He married Maria Elizabeth Edmunds, daughter of Francis Edmunds, of Worsbrough in the county of York, Esq., on 14 July 1795.

They had one son Captain George Bohum Martin RN CB (1799-1854).

He died on 19 July 1839, aged seventy-five.

Kinsale (UK Parliament constituency)
Kinsale was a United Kingdom Parliament constituency in Ireland, returning one MP. It was an original constituency represented in Parliament when the Union of Great Britain and Ireland took effect on 1 January 1801.
The Cortège (album)
The Cortège is an album by the Mike Westbrook Orchestra, performing a composition for jazz orchestra composed by Westbrook with texts from Federico García Lorca, Arthur Rimbaud, Hermann Hesse, William Blake, Giuseppe Gioachino Belli, John Clare, Pentti Saarikoski, and other European poetry, which was recorded in 1982 and first released as a triple LP on the Original label and reissued as a double CD on Enja in 1993 and 2011.

Enja Records
Enja Records is a German jazz record company and label based in Munich which was founded by jazz enthusiasts Matthias Winckelmann and Horst Weber in 1971.

The label's first release was by Mal Waldron, and early releases included European and Japanese avant-garde artists such as Alexander von Schlippenbach, Terumasa Hino, Albert Mangelsdorff and Yōsuke Yamashita, along with newer American jazz musicians like Archie Shepp, Cecil Taylor, Leroy Jenkins and Eric Dolphy and straight-ahead musicians such as Tommy Flanagan, McCoy Tyner, Chet Baker, Freddie Hubbard, Elvin Jones, and Kenny Barron. The label also branched out to release early world music productions from Abdullah Ibrahim, Rabih Abou-Khalil, Mahmoud Turkmani, Gypsy bands, Indonesia's Monica Akihary, and Turkish saz virtuoso Taner Akyol.
T-ara's Best of Best 2009–2012: Korean ver.
T-ara's Best of Best 2009–2012: Korean ver. (stylized as T-ARA's Best of Best 2009-2012 ～KOREAN ver.～) is the first greatest hits album by South Korean girl group T-ara. It was released on October 10, 2012 by EMI Music Japan to commemorate the one-year anniversary of the group's Japanese debut. The album was released with both separate Korean and Japanese versions, which each contain all of T-ara's singles from Absolute First Album (2009) up to Funky Town (2012), including their 2010 FIFA World Cup digital single "We Are the One". A limited ultra-deluxe edition of the album, which includes a 72-page photobook and 120-minute documentary of T-ara's "Free Time in Europe" trip, was released on October 17, 2012.

EMI Music Japan
EMI Music Japan Inc. (Japanese: 株式会社EMIミュージック・ジャパン, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha EMI Music Japan), formerly Toshiba EMI (東芝イーエムアイ株式会社, Tōshiba EMI Kabushiki-gaisha), was one of Japan's leading music companies. It became a wholly owned subsidiary of British music company EMI Group Ltd. on June 30, 2007, after Toshiba sold off its previous 45% stake. Its CEO and president was Kazuhiko Koike. When EMI Music Japan was trading as Toshiba-EMI, it was involved with the production of anime. On April 1, 2013, the company became defunct, following its absorption into Universal Music Japan as a sublabel under the name EMI Records Japan.