hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Roger K. Summit
Roger Kent Summit (born 1930) is the founder of Dialog Information Services, and has been called the father of modern online search. He worked for Lockheed in the 1960s, was put in charge of its information retrieval lab, and from his work created a system that became known as Dialog and spun off by Lockheed in the 1970s. Dialog is one of the leading professional online services, used by companies, law firms, governments etc. as a key online research tool. Many feel that Dialog led the way to the Web's search engines and search today.

Recursion
Recursion occurs when the definition of a concept or process depends on a simpler or previous version of itself. Recursion is used in a variety of disciplines ranging from linguistics to logic. The most common application of recursion is in mathematics and computer science, where a function being defined is applied within its own definition. While this apparently defines an infinite number of instances (function values), it is often done in such a way that no infinite loop or infinite chain of references can occur.

A process that exhibits recursion is recursive. Video feedback displays recursive images, as does an infinity mirror.
Michihiro Omigawa
Michihiro Omigawa (Japanese: 小見川道大, Omigawa Michihiro; born December 19, 1975) is a retired Japanese mixed martial artist, judoka and submission grappler, who mainly competed in the Featherweight division. A professional competitor since 2005, Omigawa competed in the UFC, PRIDE, Cage Rage, World Victory Road, DREAM, DEEP, and Shooto.

Submission wrestling
Submission wrestling, also known as submission fighting and submission grappling or simply grappling, is a martial art and combat sport that focuses on ground fighting and submission techniques. It is a hybrid discipline that incorporates elements of various martial arts such as various wrestling styles, judo, and Brazilian jiu-jitsu. Submission wrestling is practiced both as a competitive sport and as a training method for self-defence and mixed martial arts (MMA).
1975–76 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship
The 1975–76 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship was the sixth staging of the All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county club hurling tournament. The championship ran from 2 November 1975 to 14 March 1976.

St Finbarr's of Cork were the defending champions, however, they failed to qualify after being beaten by Seandún in the quarter-final of the 1975 Cork SHC. Moneyall of Tipperary made their championship debut.

The All-Ireland final was played on 14 March 1976 at Croke Park in Dublin, between James Stephens of Kilkenny and Blackrock of Cork, in what was their first ever championship meeting. James Stephens won the match by 2–10 to 2–04 to claim a first title.

Seandún GAA
Seandún GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association division in Cork, Ireland. The division, one of eight affiliated to the Cork County Board, organises its own junior grade competitions in both hurling and Gaelic football.
Lawksawk
Lawksawk (Shan: လွၵ်ႉၸွၵ်ႇ), also known as Yatsauk (Burmese: ရပ်စောက်; also spelt Yatsawk), is a town in Shan State, Myanmar. It is the capital town and administrative center of Lawksawk Township. The town is located along an oxbow lake of the Zawgyi River at an altitude of 910 metres (2,990 ft). Lawksawk is about 48 kilometres (30 mi) north of Taunggyi, or 70 kilometres (43 mi) by road on National Route 43. It was the historical capital of Lawksawk State. The town is near Bahtoo Station, a major military base.

Shan language
Shan is the native language of the Shan people and is mostly spoken in Shan State, Myanmar. It is also spoken in pockets in other parts of Myanmar, in Northern Thailand, in Yunnan, in Laos, in Cambodia, in Vietnam and decreasingly in Assam and Meghalaya. Shan is a member of the Kra–Dai language family and is related to Thai. It has five tones, which do not correspond exactly to Thai tones, plus a sixth tone used for emphasis. The term Shan is also used for related Northwestern Tai languages, and it is called Tai Yai or Tai Long in other Tai languages. Standard Shan, which is also known as Tachileik Shan, is based on the dialect of the city of Tachileik.

In 2019, Ethnologue estimated there were 3.3 million Shan speakers, including 3.2 million in Myanmar. The Mahidol University Institute for Language and Culture estimates there are gave the number of Shan speakers in Thailand as 95,000 in 2006. Many Shan speak local dialects as well as the language of their trading partners.
Kituba language
Kituba (endonyms: Kituba, Kikongo ya leta) is a widely used lingua franca in Central Africa. It is a creole language based on Kikongo, a Bantu language. It is a national language in Republic of the Congo and Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Matadi
Matadi is the chief sea port of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the capital of the Kongo Central province, adjacent to the border with Angola.It had a population of 245,862 (2004). Matadi is situated on the left bank of the Congo River, 148 km (92 mi) from the mouth and 8 km (5.0 mi) below the last navigable point before the rapids that make the river impassable for a long stretch upriver.
Virginia–Highland Summerfest
Summerfest is an annual arts festival in the Virginia–Highland neighborhood of Intown Atlanta, taking place on two days in June each year. It is one of the largest art festivals in the Southeastern United States, typically attended by more than 50,000 visitors and showcasing more than 200 artists from across the region.

In addition to art it features music (on the "dave fm" stage), food, KidsFest, and for neighborhood residents, a parade, dinner and movie.  It is the main source of funding (over $100,000) for the activities of the Virginia–Highland Civic Association, which spends it on parks, schools, the firehouse and other community organizations.

WZGC
WZGC (92.9 FM) – branded 92-9 The Game – is a commercial sports radio station licensed to serve Atlanta, Georgia, covering the Metro Atlanta. Owned by Audacy, Inc., WZGC is the Atlanta affiliate for Westwood One Sports; the flagship station for the Atlanta Falcons, Atlanta Hawks and Atlanta United FC radio networks; and the radio home of Randy McMichael. The WZGC studios are located at Colony Square in Midtown Atlanta, while the station transmitter is located in Atlanta's North Druid Hills neighborhood. In addition to a standard analog transmission, WZGC broadcasts over one HD Radio channel, and is available online via Audacy.
Poniente Almeriense
Poniente Almeriense is one of the seven comarcas in the province of Almería, Andalusia, Spain. This comarca was established in 2003 by the Government of Andalusia. It is sometimes also known as the "sea of plastic" (Mar de plástico) due to the numerous greenhouses that cover the area. The comarca contains ten municipalities (the tenth, Balanegra, was created in 2015 from part of Berja municipality) and 283,858 inhabitants in an area of 970 km2. The "sea of plastic" was one of the subjects of We feed the world, a 2005 documentary; and the setting of Spanish crime drama Mar de plástico.

The typical agricultural products of the greenhouses are: cucumbers, watermelons, eggplants, zucchinis, peaches, peppers and tomatoes.

The comarca borders the Alboran Sea to the South, the city of Almería to the east, the Sierra de Gádor to the north, and the municipality of Albuñol (in Granada province) to the west.

Albuñol
Albuñol is a town in the province of Granada, Spain. Located a few miles inland, it is regarded as one of the gateways to the Alpujarras mountains. The municipality includes the small beach resort of La Rabita.
Comcast Network
The Comcast Network (TCN) was an American cable television network which was carried mostly on Comcast and Xfinity cable systems in four states and 20 television markets in the Eastern U.S. from New Jersey to Virginia. The main focus of the network was on the Philadelphia area, although the channel attempted to structure its programs as national shows. Key markets included New Jersey, the Pennsylvania cities of Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and Harrisburg, Baltimore, Maryland, Washington, D.C., and Richmond, Virginia.

AT&T Broadband
AT&T Broadband LLC was an American digital cable television and telecommunications provider that served as the cable operations division of AT&T. It was founded in March 1999 when AT&T acquired the assets of TCI and renamed it as AT&T Digital Cable. The next year, it was renamed again as AT&T Broadband, and the company had acquired MediaOne as well and became the largest cable operations company in the United States. In 2001, AT&T swapped the cable systems in the San Joaquin Valley region of California, eastern Oregon, northern Utah, and southern Idaho to Cable One; while at the same time acquiring a couple Paragon/Time Warner Cable clusters in Texas and Oregon. Later that same year, it was announced that AT&T Broadband and the Comcast Corporation will be merging their assets into "AT&T Comcast Corporation." The deal was finalized in mid-November 2002 and AT&T Broadband fully merged into Comcast Corporation.
Chrysocercops neobalanocarpi
Chrysocercops neobalanocarpi is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

The wingspan is 5.3–5.5 mm.

The larvae feed on Neobalanocarpus heimii. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Gracillariidae
Gracillariidae is an important family of insects in the order Lepidoptera and the principal family of leaf miners that includes several economic, horticultural or recently invasive pest species such as the horse-chestnut leaf miner, Cameraria ohridella.
1996 Uber Cup group stage
The 1996 Uber Cup group stage was held at Queen Elizabeth Stadium in Hong Kong from 16 to 20 May 1996.

The group stage was first stage of the tournament where only the two highest-placing teams in each of the two groups advanced to the knockout stage.

Queen Elizabeth Stadium
The Queen Elizabeth Stadium is an indoor sport facility on the Morrison Hill in Wan Chai, on the Hong Kong Island of Hong Kong. First opened in 1980, it has a 3,500-seat arena, gymnasia, squash and badminton courts, and a multi-purpose hall. It was built by the Urban Council, and is now managed by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department of the Hong Kong Government.

It hosted the official 1983 Asian Basketball Championship and the 2023 Gay Games.
Euzko Gaztedi
Euzko Gaztedi Indarra-EGI (Basque for "Basque Youth Force") is the youth wing of the main Basque nationalist political party, the Basque National Party (EAJ-PNV). Their presence is limited to the Basque Country, encompassing the Basque Autonomous Community, the Chartered Community of Navarre and Northern Basque Country. Its statutes define it as a solely Basque organisation advocating for democracy, political plurality and participation, independence and humanism, looking to achieve a framework of respect for the identity and sovereignty of peoples and human rights.

Youth wing
A youth wing is a subsidiary, autonomous, or independently allied front of a larger organization (usually a political party but occasionally another type of organization) that is formed in order to rally support for that organization from members and potential members of a younger age, as well as to focus on subjects and issues more widely relevant among that organization's youth. Youth wings may also be discussion forums for younger members and supporters of the organization to debate policy and ideology.
Newhaven ERF
The Newhaven ERF (Energy Recovery Facility) is an incinerator, in the town of Newhaven in the English county of East Sussex, for the treatment of up to 210,000 tonnes per annum of the county's municipal solid waste. The facility, built by Veolia Environmental Services, was approved by planners at the Conservative-controlled East Sussex County Council.

The facility treats household waste that cannot be reused, composted or recycled and generates electricity from it. The electricity produced is sold to the National Grid and is enough to supply 25,000 homes. 88 tonnes of steam are produced per hour which is used to turn the generator and create electricity; the steam is cooled back into water and reused in a closed loop system.

Veolia Environmental Services
Veolia Environmental Services (in French Veolia Propreté), formerly Onyx Environnement, is a division of Veolia Environnement. It employs nearly 78,000 staff, has operations in 35 countries around the world, and generated revenues of nearly €9.02 billion in 2009.

It specialises in the management, treatment and disposal of waste, as well as the recycling, reclamation and re-use of waste products. Veolia Environmental Services manages solid and liquid waste, as well as hazardous and non-hazardous waste materials.
Tippecanoe and Tyler Too
"Tippecanoe and Tyler Too", originally published as "Tip and Ty", is a campaign song of the Whig Party's Log Cabin Campaign in the 1840 United States presidential election. Its lyrics sang the praises of Whig candidate William Henry Harrison (the "hero of Tippecanoe") and John Tyler, while denigrating incumbent Democratic president Martin Van Buren ("Little Van").

Folk music critic Irwin Silber wrote that the song "firmly established the power of singing as a campaign device" in the United States, and that this and the other songs of 1840 represent a "Great Divide" in the development of American campaign music. The North American Review at the time even remarked that the song was, "in the political canvas of 1840 what the Marseillaise was to the French Revolution. It sang Harrison into the presidency."

Today, the slogan Tippecanoe and Tyler Too is better remembered than the song among Americans.

North American Review
The North American Review (NAR) was the first literary magazine in the United States. It was founded in Boston in 1815 by poet William Tudor with the assistance of journalist Nathan Hale and others. It was published continuously until 1940, after which it was inactive until revived at Cornell College in Iowa under Robert Dana in 1964. Since 1968, the University of Northern Iowa in Cedar Falls has been home to the publication. Nineteenth-century archives are freely available via Cornell University's Making of America.
Yuri Okroshidze
Yuri Aleksandrovich Okroshidze (Russian: Юрий Александрович Окрошидзе; born 23 August 1970) is a Russian professional football coach and a former player. He works as a goalkeepers coach for Zenit-2 Saint Petersburg.

FC Zenit-2 Saint Petersburg
FC Zenit-2 Saint Petersburg (Russian: ФК «Зенит-2» Санкт-Петербург) is a Russian football team from Saint Petersburg. It plays in the Russian Second League (third level). It is a farm club for the Russian Premier League team FC Zenit Saint Petersburg.
Framlingham railway station
Framlingham railway station was located in Framlingham, Suffolk, England and was the terminus station on the Framlingham Branch.

It opened on 1 June 1859 and closed to passengers in 1952, and to freight in 1965. The first company to operate trains to the station was the Eastern Counties Railway, which had taken over from the East Suffolk Railway Company that built the branch line.

Regular passenger services were withdrawn in November 1952. Subsequently occasional special passenger trains used the line until the goods train services were withdrawn on 19 April 1965. 1963

The station dealt with significant goods traffic until the 1950s and also had a small single tracked engine shed where the branch engine was kept overnight. This was a sub shed belonging to the Ipswich Locomotive District and on 1 January 1922 GER Class C32 (later LNER F3) 2-4-2T no 1066 was allocated there.

Eastern Counties Railway
The Eastern Counties Railway (ECR) was an English railway company incorporated in 1836 intended to link London with Ipswich via Colchester, and then extend to Norwich and Yarmouth.

Construction began in 1837 on the first 9 miles (14 km) at the London end. Construction was beset by engineering and other problems, leading to severe financial difficulties. As a result, the project was truncated at Colchester in 1843 but through a series of acquisitions (including the Eastern Union Railway who completed the link between Colchester and Norwich) and opening of other lines, the ECR became the largest of the East Anglian railways.

In 1862 ECR was merged with a number of other companies to form the Great Eastern Railway.
Aowanda Suspension Bridge
The Aowanda Suspension Bridge (traditional Chinese: 奧萬大吊橋; simplified Chinese: 奥万大吊桥; pinyin: Àowàndà Diàoqiáo) is a suspension bridge in Aowanda National Forest Recreation Area, Ren'ai Township, Nantou County, Taiwan.

Ren'ai, Nantou
24°02′46.4″N 121°07′49.6″E﻿ / ﻿24.046222°N 121.130444°E﻿ / 24.046222; 121.130444

Ren'ai Township (Chinese: 仁愛鄉; pinyin: Rén'ài Xiāng; Wade–Giles: Jen2-ai4 Hsiang1) is a mountain indigenous township in Nantou County, Taiwan. It has a population total of 15,670 and an area of 1,273.5312 km2, making it the second largest township by area in the county after Xinyi Township. The populations is mainly of the indigenous Seediq, Atayal and Bunun peoples. At an average elevation of 1,669 m (5,476 ft), it is one of the highest settlements in Taiwan.
Caenagnathidae
Caenagnathidae is a family of derived caenagnathoid dinosaurs from the Cretaceous of North America and Asia. They are a member of the Oviraptorosauria, and relatives of the Oviraptoridae. Like other oviraptorosaurs, caenagnathids had specialized beaks, long necks, and short tails, and would have been covered in feathers. The relationships of caenagnathids were long a puzzle. The family was originally named by Raymond Martin Sternberg in 1940  as a family of flightless birds. The discovery of skeletons of the related oviraptorids revealed that they were in fact non-avian theropods, and the discovery of more complete caenagnathid remains  revealed that Chirostenotes pergracilis, originally named on the basis of a pair of hands, and Citipes elegans, originally thought to be an ornithomimid, named from a foot, were caenagnathids as well.

Nemegt Formation
The Nemegt Formation (also known as Nemegtskaya Svita) is a geological formation in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia, dating to the Late Cretaceous. The formation consists of river channel sediments and contains fossils of fish, turtles, crocodilians, and a diverse fauna of dinosaurs, including birds.
Shell keep
A shell keep is a style of medieval fortification, best described as a stone structure circling the top of a motte.

In English castle morphology, shell keeps are perceived as the successors to motte-and-bailey castles, with the wooden fence around the top of the motte replaced by a stone wall. Castle engineers during the Norman period did not trust the motte to support the enormous weight of a stone keep. A common solution to this problem was to replace the palisade with a stone wall and then build wooden buildings backing onto the inside of the wall. This construction was lighter than a keep and prevented the walls from being undermined, meaning they could be thinner and lighter.

Palisade
A palisade, sometimes called a stakewall or a paling, is typically a row of closely placed, high vertical standing tree trunks or wooden or iron  stakes used as a fence for enclosure or as a defensive wall. Palisades can form a stockade.
Angeia
39°07′18″N 22°02′15″E﻿ / ﻿39.121546°N 22.037483°E﻿ / 39.121546; 22.037483
Angeia or Angea (Ancient Greek: Ἀγγεία) was a town and polis (city-state) in ancient Thessaly in the district Dolopia. Livy relates that the retreat of Philip V of Macedon after the Battle of the Aous (198 BC) allowed the Aetolians to occupy much of Thessaly, and these latter devastated Angeia and its neighbour, Ctimene. Modern scholars identify the site of Angeia with the modern village of Loutropigi.

Battle of the Aous (198 BC)
The Battle of the Aous was fought in 198 BC between the Roman Republic and the Kingdom of Macedon, in the area between modern Tepelenë and Këlcyrë in Albania.  The Roman forces were led by Titus Quinctius Flamininus and the Macedonian ones were led by Philip V.

The Macedonian army encamped behind a pass in an unassailable position. A local shepherd guided the Romans to a secret path that took them behind the Macedonian position. Flaminius led his troops through this secret path and attacked the Macedonians from the rear, rendering their position untenable and inflicting some 2,000 casualties. Philip's army retreated with the survivors, and the two commanders would meet again at Cynoscephalae the following year, where the Romans would triumph again and end the war.

40°38′34″N 19°19′2″E﻿ / ﻿40.64278°N 19.31722°E﻿ / 40.64278; 19.31722
Gottleuba Valley railway
The Gottleuba Valley railway (German: Gottleubatalbahn) was the second railway line to be built in Saxony as a Sekundärbahn. It ran along the Gottleuba valley from Pirna via Berggießhübel to  Bad Gottleuba and was closed in 1976.

Gottleuba
The Gottleuba (German pronunciation: [ˈɡɔtlɔʏba]; Czech: Rybný potok) is a small river in the Czech Republic and in Saxony, Germany. It is a left tributary of the Elbe.

The Gottleuba's source is in the eastern part of the Ore Mountains in Krásný Les within the municipality of Petrovice. After a few km, it crosses the Czech-German border and flows the rest of its 34 km (21 mi) in Saxony. It passes the Gottleuba Dam and the town Bad Gottleuba-Berggießhübel, and flows into the Elbe in Pirna. In July 1927, there was a flash flood in the river due to heavy rain.
Boris Šťastný
Boris Šťastný (born 8 April 1970) is a Czech politician, who has served as Minister for Sports, Prevention, and Health in the Third cabinet of Andrej Babiš since 15 December 2025. He has been a member of the Chamber of Deputies since 2025, having previously served from 2006 to 2013. He has served as group leader of Motorists for Themselves since 2025.

He was born in Prague. He studied medicine at the Charles University. He has two sons.

Motorists for Themselves
Motorists for Themselves (Czech: Motoristé sobě, abbreviation AUTO) is a right-wing political party in the Czech Republic seeking to represent motorists' interests by primarily focusing on the issues of car ownership, opposition to combustion engine phase-out across the European Union, and anti-environmentalism.

Initially formed as a party aimed at declaring a nationwide referendum on the membership of the Czech Republic in the European Union, it was transformed under Petr Macinka, a spokesperson of the Václav Klaus Institute, for the 2022 Prague municipal election. The party gained one MEP in the 2024 European Parliament election, and then finished sixth in the 2025 Czech parliamentary election, passing the threshold to enter parliament.
Kacy Rodgers
Kacy Rodgers (born June 24, 1969) is an American football coach who currently serves as the run game coordinator and defensive line coach for the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL).  He played college football for the University of Tennessee and was a part of the Pittsburgh Steelers practice squad in the NFL in 1992. Since then, Rodgers has served as an assistant coach at the college and professional levels.

Position coach
In American football, a position coach is a team official in charge of coaching a specific position group. Position coaches have more specialized duties than the head coach, associate and assistant coach, and the offensive and defensive coordinators.