hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2026 Vermont lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 2026 Vermont lieutenant gubernatorial election will be held on November 3, 2026, to elect the lieutenant governor of Vermont. The primary election will be held on August 11. One-term incumbent Republican lieutenant governor John Rodgers is running for re-election.

Governor of Vermont
The governor of Vermont is the head of government of the U.S. state of Vermont. The officeholder is elected in even-numbered years by direct voting for a term of two years. Vermont and bordering New Hampshire are the only states to hold gubernatorial elections every two years, instead of every four as in the other 48 U.S. states.

There is no limit on the number of terms a Vermont governor can serve. If no candidate receives at least 50% plus one vote of all votes for governor cast in the election, the governor of Vermont is then elected by the state legislature. The incumbent Vermont governor is Republican Phil Scott. He was sworn in on January 5, 2017, becoming Vermont's 82nd governor.

Despite having a Republican governor, Vermont has the most Democratic Cook Partisan Voting Index of any of the 50 U.S. states, at D+17.
2008 United States Senate election in Michigan
The 2008 United States Senate election in Michigan was held on November 4, 2008 Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Carl Levin won a sixth and final term. Levin carried 77 of Michigan’s 83 Counties, and carried every Congressional district.

The only counties Levin did not carry were Allegan, Barry, Hillsdale, Livingston, Missaukee, and Ottawa.

Missaukee County, Michigan
Missaukee County (/mɪˈsɔːki/ mih-SAW-kee) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,052. The county seat is Lake City.

Missaukee County is part of the Cadillac, MI micropolitan statistical area. The county is considered to be part of Northern Michigan.
Det Norske Solistkor
Det Norske Solistkor (The Norwegian soloists' choir) is a professional choral ensemble founded in Oslo in 1950 by the composer Knut Nystedt in collaboration with Kåre Siem. Nystedt conducted the group until 1990, when he was succeeded by Grete Pedersen. It is formed of today 26 singers, varied in performance depending on the performed works.

The ensemble is the only professional choir in Norway besides the chorus of the Oslo Opera. They have toured to France, Germany, the U.S., Korea, China and Israel.

Norwegian National Opera and Ballet
The Norwegian National Opera and Ballet (Norwegian: Den Norske Opera & Ballett) is a Norwegian opera company and ballet company. The first fully professional company each for opera and ballet in Norway and the only such professional organisation in the country, it is currently resident at the Oslo Opera House, since the spring of 2008.
The Orobians
The Orobians are an Italian ska band founded in 1997 in Bergamo and still based there. They play ska and rocksteady standards (mostly instrumental) with a modern jazz twist.

The name comes from the Orobian Alps, a mountain range located between the provinces of Bergamo and Sondrio.

Province of Sondrio
The province of Sondrio (Italian: provincia di Sondrio), also known as Valtellina (the major valley of the province) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its provincial capital is the city of Sondrio.

As of 2024, it has a population of 179,165.
Kentucky Route 38
Kentucky Route 38, also known as KY 38, is a state highway in the U.S. state of Kentucky. Part of the State Secondary System, it runs east from U.S. Highway 421 in Harlan east via Brookside, Evarts, Benito, Black Bottom, and Holmes Mill to the Virginia state line. In Virginia, the road continues as secondary State Route 624 to Keokee; State Route 606 and primary State Route 68 provide access from Keokee to the town of Appalachia, Virginia.

Brookside, Kentucky
Brookside is an unincorporated community and coal town in  Harlan County, Kentucky, United States.

A post office called Brookside was established in 1930, and the name was changed to Ages-Brookside in 1975.
Brüssow
Brüssow (German pronunciation: [ˈbʁʏsoː]) is a town in the Uckermark district, in Brandenburg, in north-eastern Germany. It is situated 16 kilometres (10 mi) southeast of Pasewalk, and 27 km (17 mi) west of Szczecin.

Uckermark
The Uckermark (German pronunciation: [ˈʊkɐˌmaʁk] ⓘ) is a historical region in northeastern Germany, which currently straddles the Uckermark District of Brandenburg and the Vorpommern-Greifswald District of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Its traditional capital is Prenzlau.
PhotoForum
PhotoForum Inc. is a non-profit New Zealand photography organisation founded 12 December 1973 in Wellington "dedicated to the promotion of photography as a means of communication and expression," and is also the title of its magazine, first published in February 1974.

The magazine issues were discontinued after 1984, but the organisation continues to publish a series of books on New Zealand photography and photographers with the same ISSN. One of these, number 83, is a 273 page, large format history of PhotoForum Inc. published with Rim Books and edited by art historian Nina Seja.

Brassaï
Brassaï (French: [bʁasaj]; pseudonym of Gyula Halász, Hungarian: [ˈɟulɒ ˈhɒlaːs]; 9 September 1899 – 8 July 1984) was a Hungarian–French photographer, sculptor, medalist, writer, and filmmaker who rose to international fame in France in the 20th century. He was one of the numerous Hungarian artists who flourished in Paris beginning between the world wars.

In the early 21st century, the discovery of more than 200 letters and hundreds of drawings and other items from the period 1940 to 1984 has provided scholars with material for understanding his later life and career.
Ringing the bull
Ring a bull is a pub game.  A bull's nose-ring on a length of string is swung in an arc with the aim of hooking onto a bull's horn or hook attached to the wall. The ring must stay on the hook to count as a successful throw.

There is a tradition of playing this game at what is reputedly the oldest pub in England, Ye Olde Trip To Jerusalem in Nottingham, and in several other traditional public houses.

Ye Olde Trip to Jerusalem
Ye Olde Trip to Jerusalem is a Grade II listed public house in Nottingham which claims to have been established in 1189, although there is no documentation to verify this date.  The building rests against Castle Rock, upon which Nottingham Castle is built, and is attached to several caves, carved out of the soft sandstone. These were reputedly originally used as a brewhouse for the castle, dating from the medieval period.
Pavlov (surname)
Pavlov and its feminine form Pavlova are common Russian (Па́влов, Па́влова) and Bulgarian surnames. Their Ukrainian variant is Pavliv. All stem from Latin Christian name Paulus (English: Paul; Russian: Pavel; Ukrainian: Pavlo). Notable people with the name Pavlov or Pavlova include:

Anna Pavlova (gymnast)
Anna Anatolyevna Pavlova (Russian: А́нна Анато́льевна Па́влова; born 6 September 1987) is a Russian-born artistic gymnast who won two bronze medals at the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, and represented Russia in other international competitions. In 2002 she won the Russian National Championships.

Pavlova competed for Azerbaijan from 2013, winning silver at the 2014 European Championships on vault. She was well known for her balletic style and clean technique. Pavlova retired in 2015 at the age of 28.
Freedom of religion in Palestine
Freedom of religion is the freedom to practice religion, change one's religion, mix religions, or to be irreligious. Religion in Palestine plays a strong role in society, including in the legal system and the educational system.

Religious syncretism
Religious syncretism is the blending of religious belief systems into a new system, or the incorporation of other beliefs into an existing religious tradition.

This can occur for many reasons, where religious traditions exist in proximity to each other, or when a culture is conquered and the conquerors bring their religious beliefs with them, but do not succeed in eradicating older beliefs and practices.

Many religions have syncretic elements, but adherents often frown upon the application of the label, especially those who belong to "revealed" religions, such as Abrahamic religions, or any system with an exclusivist approach, seeing syncretism as corrupting the original religion. Non-exclusivist systems of belief on the other hand feel more free to incorporate  other traditions into their own.
Kosmos 1546
Kosmos 1546 (Russian: Космос 1546 meaning Cosmos 1546) is a Soviet US-KS missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1984 as part of the Oko programme. The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 1546 was launched from Site 200/40 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in the Kazakh SSR. A Proton-K carrier rocket with a DM upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 05:53 UTC on 29 March 1984. The launch successfully placed the satellite into geostationary orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1984-031A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 14867.

It was operational for about 30 months.

International Designator
The International Designator is an international identifier assigned to artificial objects in space. It consists of the launch year, a three-digit incrementing launch number of that year and up to a three-letter code representing the sequential identifier of a piece in a launch. In TLE format the first two digits of the year and the dash are dropped.
For example, 1990-037A is the Space Shuttle Discovery on mission STS-31, which carried the Hubble Space Telescope (1990-037B) into space. This launch was the 37th known successful launch worldwide in 1990.
Amicyanin
Amicyanin is a type I  copper protein that plays an integral role in electron transfer.  In bacteria such as Paracoccus denitrificans, amicyanin is part of a three-member redox complex, along with methylamine dehydrogenase (MADH) and cytochrome c-551i.

Coordination complex
A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands or complexing agents.  Many metal-containing compounds, especially those that include transition metals (elements like titanium that belong to the periodic table's d-block), are coordination complexes.
Makrand Desai
Makarand Desai (Makarand Balwantrai Desai), (born 1935) was a leader of Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) from Gujarat, who also remained BJP's National Secretary in the late 1980s. He was a cabinet minister in Government of Gujarat from 1975 to 1976 and from 1977 to 1980, and held Industries portfolio. He was elected to Gujarat Legislative Assembly from Vadodara City constituency in 1975 state elections, though he lost the 1980 state elections, He lost again in 1985 state elections from Sayajigunj Assembly Constituency, and shifted to national level politics.

He was a chemical engineer and worked as Jt Vice President at Jaycees International before entering politics in 1969. He studied BE, MS and then CE at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (USA) .

After he died, his wife, Neela Desai also remained active in politics, and in May 2014, she was one of few people invited from Gujarat to attend the swearing-in ceremony of Narendra Modi.

Sayajigunj
Sayajigunj is an area in the western side of Vadodara in the state of Gujarat in India.

Vadodara Railway Station and Central State Transport Bus depot are located in Sayajigung, which is why it is referred to as a gateway to Vadodara. Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara Stock Exchange and Sayaji Baug are also located in this area. This area attracts younger adults, due to the fact that it is close to the University.The area is mostly covered with stock brokers offices, hotels, restaurants, banks, commercial complexes and University.
Palouse Scenic Byway
The Palouse Scenic Byway is a Washington State Scenic and Recreational Highway in Whitman County, Washington that follows seven different highways in the Palouse region:

SR 26 from the Adams county line to Colfax;

SR 27 from Pullman to Tekoa;

SR 194 from Almota to Pullman;

US 195 from the Idaho state line to Spokane county line;

SR 271 from Oakesdale to Rosalia;

SR 272 from Colfax to Palouse; and

SR 278 from Rockford to Idaho state line

Adams County, Washington
Adams County is a county in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,613. The county seat is at Ritzville, and its largest city is Othello. The county was formed out of Whitman County in November 1883 and is named after John Adams, the second President of the United States. Adams County's two most populous cities are Ritzville and Othello. Ritzville is located in the northeastern corner of the county at the junction of I-90 and US 395, making it a popular stop for travelers. Ritzville is an hour's drive from Spokane. Othello is located in the southwestern panhandle of the county.
Wilter Palma II
Wilter "Sharky" Wee Palma II, (born August 4, 1982) is a Filipino politician from the province of Zamboanga Sibugay. He is served as a Member of the Philippine House of Representatives representing the First District of Zamboanga Sibugay from 2016 to 2022. He is the son of former Representative Wilter Palma.

Zamboanga Sibugay's 1st congressional district
Zamboanga Sibugay's 1st congressional district is one of the two congressional districts of the Philippines in the province of Zamboanga Sibugay. It has been represented in the House of Representatives since 2007. It was created after the 2006 reapportionment that divided the province into two congressional districts. The district is composed of the eastern municipalities of Alicia, Buug, Diplahan, Imelda, Mabuhay, Malangas, Olutanga, Payao and Talusan. It is currently represented in the 20th Congress by Marlo Bancoro of PFP .
Irom Maipak
Irom Maipak (20 August 1967 – 20 May 2021) was an Indian cinematographer from Imphal, Manipur. He was the founding president of the All Manipur Cinematographers Association. He received the National Film Award for Best Non-Feature Film Cinematography at the 49th National Film Awards.

He died from COVID-19 complications on 20 May 2021.

Meitan Araba
Meitan Araba is a 2019 Manipuri film directed by Lukanand Kshetrimayum and written by Sen Sagolsem. The film features Brahmacharimayum Dishiraj and Avi Khundrakpam in the lead roles. The film was certified in 2018 and released on 6 January 2019 at MSFDS (Manipur State Film Development Society), Palace Compound, Imphal. The film earned 11 nominations at the 8th SSS MANIFA 2019, winning 7 awards including the Best Feature Film Award.
Villa of Agrippa Postumus
Agrippa Postumus, a grandson of the Emperor Augustus, had a villa on the slopes of Mount Vesuvius, which was buried in the eruption of 79 AD. The villa lies within the current comune of Boscotrecase, Campania, Italy. The villa is best known for its ancient Roman works of art, especially its frescoes. Because the ash from Mount Vesuvius's eruption preserved the frescoes, they were able to be excavated between 1903 and 1905. The frescoes come from various cubicula, or bedrooms that served as places of sociability and business, along the villa's southern hallway that overlooks the bay of Naples.

The frescoes that were excavated are now shared between the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the National Archaeological Museum of Naples. A fragment from the villa was discovered in the collection of the Harvard Art Museums in 2007. It was acquired in 1921 from Albert Gallatin.

Cubiculum
A cubiculum (pl.: cubicula) was a private room in a domus, an ancient Roman house occupied by a high-status family. It usually led directly from the atrium, but in later periods it was sometimes adjacent to the peristyle. It was used for the functions of a modern bedroom, sleep and sex, as well as for business meetings, the reception of important guests and the display of the most highly prized works of art in the house. The cubiculum was used for quiet or secret meetings and could have been used as a library. It was also a preferred venue for murder and suicide. A room used only for sleeping was not classed as a cubiculum.

The private nature of the cubiculum made it a place for contemplation and religious observance, especially when illicit. According to the Actus Silvestri, Constantine the Great first learned of Christianity in his cubiculum and fasted there for a week before his first confession and baptism.
Wilhelm van der Sluys
Wilhelm van der Sluys is a South African rugby union player for the Lions in Super Rugby, the Golden Lions in the Currie Cup and the Golden Lions XV in the Rugby Challenge. His usual position is lock.

He came through the Western Province youth system and played for them at various youth levels.

He played for Maties Rugby Club (Stellenbosch University) for seven years. He represented Maties in the Varsity Cup and Western Province Super league.

He made his first team debut for Western Province during the 2012 Vodacom Cup, coming on as a substitute in their game against Pampas XV. He made a total of six appearances in that campaign, including in the final win against Griquas.

He was then also included in the squad for the 2012 Currie Cup Premier Division.

On 26 July 2017, Van der Sluys signed a one-year contract with English Premiership side Exeter Chiefs ahead of the 2017–18 season.

Pampas XV
Pampas XV is an Argentine professional rugby union team that currently competes in Super Rugby Americas.

In the past it participated in the South African second domestic competition, the Vodacom Cup between 2010 and 2013. The team was established in 2010 and was composed almost entirely by members of the High Performance Plan of the UAR. It was an unofficial third national team, below the Senior squad (Los Pumas) and Argentina XV, although it has been described as the second team as well.

From 2010 to 2015, Pampas XV won one Vodacom Cup and two Pacific Rugby Cup titles. In 2023, the franchise will return to field making their debut at Super Rugby Americas in replacement of Jaguares.
Steinhausen Rigiblick railway station
Steinhausen Rigiblick  is a railway station in the Swiss canton of Zug, in the municipality of Steinhausen. It is located on the Zurich to Zug via Affoltern am Albis railway line, within fare zone 623 of the Zug Fare Network.

It is one of two railway stations in the municipality of Steinhausen, the other one being Steinhausen.

Canton of Zug
The canton of Zug or canton of Zoug (German: Kanton Zug, Standard German: [tsuːk] ⓘ, Alemannic German: [tsuːɡ̊]; Romansh: Chantun Zug; French: Canton de Zoug; Italian: Canton Zugo) is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland. It is located in central Switzerland and its capital is Zug. At 239 km2 (92 sq mi) the canton is one of the smallest of the Swiss cantons in terms of area. It is not subdivided into districts, but eleven municipalities.
Benjamin Romualdez
Carlos Benjamin Orestes "Kokoy" Trinidad Romualdez (September 24, 1930 – February 21, 2012) was a Filipino politician who served as Governor of Leyte and later appointed as ambassador to the United States, China and Saudi Arabia.

He was a younger brother to former first lady Imelda Romualdez Marcos and the father of House Speaker Martin Romualdez.

First ladies and gentlemen of the Philippines
The first lady or first gentleman of the Philippines (Filipino: Unang Ginang o Unang Ginoó ng Pilipinas) is the courtesy title given to the host or hostess of Malacañang Palace, the residence of the head of state and head of government of the Philippines.

The title is traditionally held by the consort of the president of the Philippines, and as such is used to interchangeably refer to the spouse of the incumbent; however, this is rarely the case, especially for presidents without a living spouse at the time of their tenure. The position, which is customary in nature and dignity, merits no official remuneration from the state.

Liza Araneta Marcos is the current first lady of the Philippines, as wife of the 17th and current president of the Philippines, Bongbong Marcos.
Valentin Samungi
Valentin Samungi (27 January 1942 – 15 September 2024) was a Romanian handball player. He won the world title in 1970 and an Olympic bronze medal in 1972.

Samungi started playing handball in 1958, as a goalkeeper for CSS Bucharest. Between 1966 and 1977 he competed as a defender for Dinamo Bucharest. He was a member of the national team in 1961–1973 and played 113 matches scoring 134 goals. Samungi ended his playing career as captain of the first league team "Știința" later "Universitatea" Bucharest, his nickname was "The Satrap". In 1977 he retired from competition to coach the national junior (1977–1985) and senior teams (1989–1991). In 1991 he became advisor for the Ministry of Youth and Sports, and in 1995–1996 served as chairman of the Romanian Handball Federation (RHF). In 1996 he was appointed vice president of Dinamo Bucharest, and between 1999 and 2000 acted as secretary general of the RHF.

Samungi died on 15 September 2024, at the age of 82.

CS Dinamo București (men's handball)
Clubul Sportiv Dinamo București is a Romanian professional handball club based in Bucharest, that competes in the Liga Națională, the top flight of Romanian handball. Nicknamed "the Red Dogs", the club was founded in 1948. The club's home ground is the Sala Polivalentă Dinamo in Sector 2, to which it moved in 2013. Dinamo București are among Romania's most successful clubs, having won over twenty competitive honours, including  21  top-flight titles, 9 Romanian Cups,  7 Romanian Supercups, and 1 EHF Champions League. Dinamo București has rivalry with Steaua București.
Old GRA, Port Harcourt
The Old Government Reserved Area (Old GRA) is a neighborhood of the city of Port Harcourt, Rivers State in Nigeria. It was primarily inhabited by European settlers during colonial times and was then referred to as the European quarters.

Old GRA is the location of the Rivers State House of Assembly, the People's Democratic Party Secretariat and the NEPAD Rivers State Secretariat. The neighborhood is also notable as the Port Harcourt home of Nigeria's previous first lady, Patience Jonathan.

New Partnership for Africa's Development
The New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) is an economic development program of the African Union (AU). NEPAD was adopted by  the AU at the 37th session of the Assembly of Heads of State and Government in July 2001 in Lusaka, Zambia. NEPAD aims to provide an overarching vision and policy framework for accelerating economic co-operation and integration among African countries.
Communicative ecology
Communicative ecology is a conceptual model used in the field of media and communications research.

The model is used to analyse and represent the relationships between social interactions, discourse, and communication media and technology of individuals, collectives and networks in physical and digital environments. Broadly, the term communicative ecology refers to "the context in which communication processes occur" (Foth & Hearn, 2007, p. 9). These processes are seen to involve people communicating with others in their social networks, both face-to-face and using a mix of media and communication technologies (Tacchi, Slater & Hearn, 2003) (Tacchi, et al. 2007).

Means of communication
Means of communication or media are ways used by people to communicate and exchange information with each other as an information sender and a receiver. Diverse arrays of media that reach a large audience via mass communication are called mass media.