hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mohammedan
Mohammedan is a historical term used to denote a follower of Muhammad, the Islamic prophet. It is used as both a noun and an adjective, meaning belonging or relating to, either Muhammad or the religion, doctrines, institutions and practices that he established. The word was formerly common in usage, but the terms Muslim and Islamic are more common today. Though sometimes used stylistically by some Muslims, a vast majority consider the term archaic or a misnomer, as it suggests that Muslims worship Muhammad himself instead of the God in Islam.

Noun
In grammar, a noun is a word that represents a concrete or abstract thing, like living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, and ideas. A noun may serve as an object or subject within a phrase, clause, or sentence.

In linguistics, nouns constitute a lexical category (part of speech) defined according to how its members combine with members of other lexical categories. The syntactic occurrence of nouns differs among languages.

In English, prototypical nouns are common nouns or proper nouns that can occur with determiners, articles and attributive adjectives, and can function as the head of a noun phrase. According to traditional and popular classification, pronouns are distinct from nouns, but in much modern theory they are considered a subclass of nouns.  Every language has various linguistic and grammatical distinctions between nouns and verbs.
Totoumi Hamamatsu Open
The Totoumi Hamamatsu Open (とおとうみ浜松オープン, Tōtoumi hamamatsu ōpun) was a professional golf tournament on the Japan Golf Tour in 2011 and 2012. It was played at the Grandee Hamanako Golf Club in Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Prefecture. In 2012, the purse was ¥100,000,000 with ¥20,000,000 going to the winner.

Japan Golf Tour
The Japan Golf Tour (Japanese: 日本ゴルフツアー機構) is a prominent professional golf tour. It was founded in 1973 and as of 2006, it offered the third-highest annual prize fund out of the regular (that is not for seniors) men's professional tours after the PGA Tour and the European Tour. However, since the early 1990s, the growth in prize money has not kept pace with that on the two larger tours. Official events on the Japan Golf Tour count for Official World Golf Ranking points and success on the tour can also qualify members to play in the majors.
Erik Wahlstedt
Ulf Erik Wahlstedt (born 16 April 1976) is a Swedish former professional footballer who played as a defender and midfielder. He is best remembered for his time with Helsingborgs IF with which he won two Allsvenskan titles and four Svenska Cupen titles, but also represented BK Astrio, IFK Göteborg, and Esbjerg fB during a career that spanned between 1993 and 2012. He won two caps for the Sweden national team between 1998 and 2004 and represented his country at UEFA Euro 2004.

1996 Allsvenskan
Allsvenskan 1996, part of the 1996 Swedish football season, was the 72nd Allsvenskan season played. IFK Göteborg won the league ahead of runners-up Malmö FF, while Umeå FC, Djurgårdens IF and IK Oddevold were relegated.
Musick (surname)
Musick is the surname of the following notable people:

Archie Musick (1902–1978), American painter

Edwin Musick (1894–1938), American airline pilot and aviation world record holder

Jack Musick (c. 1925–1977), American football player and coach

Jim Musick (1910–1992), American footballer

John R. Musick (1849–1901), American historical novelist and poet

Pat Musick (born 1949), American voice actress

Ruth Ann Musick (1897–1974), American author and folklorist

Jim Musick
James Andrew Musick (May 5, 1910 – December 15, 1992) was an American law enforcement official and professional football player.

He played college football for the USC Trojans and professionally for the Boston Braves/Redskins of the National Football League (NFL) from 1932 to 1936, leading the league in rushing in 1933. He later became the Sheriff of Orange County, California, serving from 1947 to 1975.
Ivolga (train)
The Ivolga (named after "Иволга" bird, e.g. Eurasian golden oriole), designation EG2Tv and EGE2Tv, is an electric multiple unit passenger train produced and manufactured by Transmashholding at Tver Carriage Works (TVZ) for urban and commuter service.

Eurasian golden oriole
The Eurasian golden oriole (Oriolus oriolus), also known as the common golden oriole, is a species of passerine bird and the only Old World oriole breeding in Northern Hemisphere temperate regions. It is a summer migrant in Europe and the Palearctic and spends the winter season in central and southern Africa.
Energy conservation in the United Kingdom
Various energy conservation measures are taken in the United Kingdom.

Much of the emphasis in energy debates tends to focus on the supply side of the issue, and ignore the demand. A number of commentators are concerned that this is being largely overlooked, partly due to the strength of the energy industry lobby. Energy conservation also has great potential, and may be able to significantly cut the size of the supposed energy gap, if early and concerted action is taken.

Air Passenger Duty
Air Passenger Duty (APD) is an excise duty which is charged on the carriage of passengers flying from a United Kingdom or Isle of Man airport on an aircraft that has an authorised take-off weight of more than 5.7 tonnes or more than twenty seats for passengers. It is a type of departure tax. The duty is not payable by inbound international passengers who are booked to continue their journey (to an international destination) within 24 hours of their scheduled time of arrival in the UK.  (The same exemption applies to booked onward domestic flights, but the time limits are shorter and more complex.) If a passenger "stops-over" for more than 24 hours (or the domestic limit, if applicable), duty is payable in full.
I'm Always Chasing Rainbows
"I'm Always Chasing Rainbows" is a popular vaudeville song. The music is credited to Harry Carroll, but the melody is  adapted from Fantaisie-Impromptu by Frédéric Chopin. The lyrics were written by Joseph McCarthy, and the song was published in 1917. It was introduced in the Broadway show Oh, Look! which opened in March 1918. The song was sung in the show by the Dolly Sisters. Judy Garland sang it in the 1941 film Ziegfeld Girl. It was subsequently sung by Jack Oakie in the 1944 film The Merry Monahans and was again featured in the 1945 film The Dolly Sisters (1945), where it was sung by John Payne. It was also included for part of the run (and in the cast album) of the 1973 revival of Irene. In 2019, it was included in the Hazbin Hotel pilot.

1945 in film
The year 1945 in film involved some significant events. With 1945 being the last year of World War II, the many films released this year had themes of patriotism, sacrifices, and peace. In the United States, there were more than eighteen thousand movie theatres operating in 1945, a figure that grew by a third from a decade earlier.
Response (album)
Response is the fourth commercial studio album by contemporary worship musician Phil Wickham. It was released on October 4, 2011 by label Fair Trade Services, his fourth album released under that label. The album was produced by Brown Bannister and Pete Kipley.

Contemporary worship music
Contemporary worship music (CWM), also known as praise and worship music, is a distinct genre of Christian music used in contemporary worship. It has evolved over the past 60 years and is stylistically similar to pop music. The songs are often referred to as "praise songs" or "worship songs" and are typically led by a "worship band" or "praise team," with either a guitarist or pianist serving as the lead. It has become a common genre of music performed in many churches, particularly in charismatic or non-denominational Protestant churches, with some Catholic congregations also incorporating it into the Mass.
2025 Macedonian Open – Doubles
Ryan Seggerman and Patrik Trhac were the defending champions but chose to defend their title with different partners. Seggerman partnered Cleeve Harper but lost in the quarterfinals to Andrew Paulson and Michael Vrbenský. Trhac partnered Mac Kiger but lost in the first round to Paulson and Vrbenský.

Paulson and Vrbenský won the title after defeating Sriram Balaji and Miguel Ángel Reyes-Varela 2–6, 6–4, [10–6] in the final.

Sriram Balaji
Sriram Balaji Narayanaswamy (born 18 March 1990) is an Indian professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 60, achieved on 31 March 2025 and a singles ranking of No. 287, achieved on 19 June 2017.

Balaji has won a total of 9 ITF singles titles on the futures circuit as well as 43 doubles ITF Futures and 6 Challenger doubles titles on the circuit. He is currently a member of the Indian Davis Cup team. He played his debut Davis cup partnering Rohan Bopanna in March 2017 making India win 3–0 and enter into Davis Cup World Play off.
Songkhla Lake
Songkhla Lake (Thai: ทะเลสาบสงขลา, RTGS: Thale Sap Songkhla, IPA: [tʰa.leː sàːp sǒŋ.kʰlǎː]) is the largest natural lake in Thailand. It is on the Malay Peninsula in Southern Thailand. Covering an area of 1,040 km2 it borders the provinces of Songkhla and Phatthalung. Despite being called a lake, it is actually a lagoon complex.

The lake is divided into three distinct parts. The southern part opens with a 380 m wide strait to the Gulf of Thailand at the city of Songkhla. Here it contains brackish water about half the salinity of seawater. Further north, after a narrowing to 6 km width, is the Thale Luang (782.80 km2). At the northern end between mangrove swamps is the 28 km2 Thale Noi in Phatthalung Province. The most striking feature is the long 75 km long spit which separates the lake from the sea. Unlike most spits, it was probably formed when originally existing islands were connected by silting from the lake precursor.

Spit (landform)
A spit or sandspit is a deposition bar or beach landform off coasts or lake shores. It develops in places where re-entrance occurs, such as at a cove's headlands, by the process of longshore drift by longshore currents. The drift occurs because waves meet the beach at an oblique angle, moving sediment down the beach in a zigzag pattern. This is complemented by longshore currents, which further transport sediment through the water alongside the beach. These currents are caused by the same waves that cause the drift.
Clauzetto
Clauzetto (standard Friulian: Clausêt; Western Friulian: Clausiet) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Pordenone, in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of Pordenone.

Clauzetto borders the following municipalities: Castelnovo del Friuli, Pinzano al Tagliamento, Tramonti di Sotto, Vito d'Asio.

German war graves in Vito d'Asio

War graves of the Battle of Pradis

Furlan standard
Furlan standard or Furlan normalizât,  also known as coinè or lenghe comun, it is the lenghe scrite or the standard written language for the entire Friulian community.  The main association to foster the use and development of Friulian is the Societât filologjiche furlane, founded in Gorizia in 1919.
Christine Gouze-Rénal
Christine Gouze-Rénal (30 December 1914 − 25 October 2002) was a French film and television producer. A graduate in literature and art history and former Résistance member, she became in 1956 France's first female film producer with The Bride Is Much Too Beautiful, starring Brigitte Bardot.

She produced a total of about 15 movies, the most celebrated being probably Jacques Demy's Une chambre en ville (1983). From the 1970s onwards, she was also active as a television producer, with adaptations of works by Colette, Maupassant, Balzac and Buzzati. In 1985, she was awarded an honorary César for lifetime achievement.

Gouze-Rénal was the wife of actor Roger Hanin and the elder sister of Danielle Mitterrand, wife of President François Mitterrand.

Colette
Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette (French: [sidɔni ɡabʁijɛl kɔlɛt]; 28 January 1873 – 3 August 1954), known mononymously as Colette or as Colette Willy, was a French author and woman of letters. She was also a mime, actress, and journalist. Colette is best known in the English-speaking world for her 1944 novella Gigi, which was the basis for the 1958 film and the 1973 stage production of the same name. Her short story collection The Tendrils of the Vine is also famous in France.
Nancy Bonvillain
Nancy Bonvillain is a professor of anthropology and linguistics at Bard College at Simon's Rock.  She is author of over twenty books on language, culture, and gender, including a series on Native American peoples.  In her field work she worked with the Kanienʼkehá꞉ka (Mohawk) and Diné (Navajo) peoples, and she has published a grammar and dictionary of the Akwesasne dialect of Kanyenʼkéha (Mohawk).  She received her PhD from Columbia University in 1972 and has taught at Columbia University, The New School, SUNY Purchase, Stony Brook University, and Sarah Lawrence College. She now teaches at Bard College at Simon's Rock.

Sarah Lawrence College
Sarah Lawrence College (SLC) is a private liberal arts college in Yonkers, New York, United States. Founded as a women's college in 1926, Sarah Lawrence College has been coeducational since 1968. The college's campus in Yonkers maintains a Bronxville mailing address and sits roughly 20 miles from New York City. In athletics, the Sarah Lawrence Gryphons compete in the Skyline Conference of the NCAA Division III.
BAP Angamos
BAP Angamos (SS-31) is one of two Type 209/1200 submarines ordered by the Peruvian Navy on August 12, 1976. She was built by the German shipbuilder Howaldtswerke Deutsche Werft AG at its shipyard in Kiel. She was originally named Casma after a battle which took place between naval forces of Peru and Chile on January 12, 1839. Following sea trials in the North Sea, she arrived to its homeport of Callao in 1981. After a major overhaul by Servicio Industrial de la Marina at Callao SIMA in 1998, she was renamed Angamos after the battle of the same name which took place on October 8, 1879.

Callao
Callao (Spanish pronunciation: [kaˈʝa.o]) is a seaside city and constitutional province in Peru. Located next to the Pacific Ocean, it forms part of the Lima metropolitan area alongside Lima province. Its autonomous status dates back to 1836, when it was declared a Littoral Province of the Peru–Bolivian Confederation, after which it was declared a Constitutional Province by the government of Ramón Castilla in 1857.

Callao is Peru's chief seaport and home to its main airport, Jorge Chávez International Airport. Founded in 1537 by the Spaniards, the city has a long naval history as one of the main ports in Spanish America and the Pacific, having been a vital Spanish town of the Viceroyalty of Peru. Central Callao is about 15 km (9.3 mi) west of the Historic Centre of Lima.
Scuppernong River Bridge
Scuppernong River Bridge, also known as the  Main Street Bridge, Tyrrell County No. 4 Bridge, and Columbia Bridge, is a historic bridge located at Columbia, Tyrrell County, North Carolina.  It was built in 1926, and is a 566-foot-long, two-lane bridge.  Spanning the Scuppernong River, it consists of a steel Warren-type pony truss swing span measuring 123 feet long, and 22 concrete pile-supported timber approach spans.  It is the only manually operated pony truss swing-span bridge remaining in North Carolina.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

Scuppernong River (North Carolina)
35°56′38″N 76°19′25″W﻿ / ﻿35.94389°N 76.32361°W﻿ / 35.94389; -76.32361

The Scuppernong River is a blackwater river that flows through Tyrrell County and Washington County, North Carolina, into the Albemarle Sound. The river shares its name with the Scuppernong grapes native to the area. The river has a history closely linked to colonization and agricultural utilization. Currently, the Pocosin Lakes National Wildlife Refuge and Pettigrew State Park can be found on the banks of the river. The River is celebrated annually through the Scuppernong River Festival.
Lodu Sikaka
Lodu Sikaka is a Dongria Kondh tribal and a leader of Niyamgiri Suraksha Samiti in Odisha state, India. According to the advocacy group Survival International, reporting local sources, he was one of two leaders who were abducted in August 2010 after they had been peacefully protesting a bauxite mine that Vedanta Resources and the Government of Odisha proposed to create on land upon which the tribe traditionally depended. Some reports at the time suggested he was being held by the police, though the police themselves refuse to confirm this.

In August 2010, Lodu Sikaka claimed that he was abducted for a few hours by some unknown people who, he later alleged, were policemen. He was allegedly released after he signed an undertaking not to instigate people to act in contempt of court, as he had been accused of making secessionist and anti-India speeches.

Bauxite
Bauxite (/ˈbɔːksaɪt/ ⓘ) is a sedimentary rock with a relatively high aluminium content. It is the world's main source of aluminium and gallium. Bauxite consists mostly of the aluminium minerals gibbsite (Al(OH)3), boehmite (γ-AlO(OH)), and diaspore (α-AlO(OH)), mixed with the two iron oxides goethite (FeO(OH)) and hematite (Fe2O3), the aluminium clay mineral kaolinite (Al2Si2O5(OH)4) and small amounts of anatase (TiO2) and ilmenite (FeTiO3 or FeO·TiO2).
Bauxite appears dull in luster and is reddish-brown, white, or tan.

In 1821, the French geologist Pierre Berthier discovered bauxite near the village of Les Baux in Provence, southern France, the origin of the name.
Currimbhoy
Currimbhoy is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Asif Ebrahim Currimbhoy (1928–1994), Indian playwright and businessman

Sir Fazalbhoy Currimbhoy Ebrahim, 1st Baronet of Pabaney Villa (1840–1924), Indian businessman

Asif Currimbhoy
Asif Currimbhoy (1928–1994) was an Indian  playwright who wrote in English. He was among the very few Indian dramatists writing plays exclusively in English. He wrote and/or produced over thirty plays in several genres. His work incorporated monologues, choruses, chants, songs, mime, slide projections, and filmed footage.
Jot Singh Gunsola
Jot Singh Gunsola is an Indian politician from Uttarakhand and a two term Member of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly. Gunsola represented the Mussoorie (Uttarakhand Assembly constituency). He twice served as the Chairman of Mussoorie Municipal Council. Gunsola is a member of the Indian National Congress.

Mussoorie Assembly constituency
Mussoorie is one of the seventy electoral Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly constituencies of Uttarakhand state in India representing Mussoorie.

Mussoorie Legislative Assembly constituency is a part of Tehri Garhwal (Lok Sabha constituency).
Burg Golling
Burg Golling is a castle in Golling an der Salzach, in the Austrian state of Salzburg, erected by the Prince-Archbishops of Salzburg in the 13th century. The large fortress is located on a rock above the Salzach valley near the strategically important narrows between the Hagen and Tennen Mountains, at 469 metres (1,539 ft) above sea level.

Tennen Mountains
The Tennen Mountains (German: Tennengebirge) is a small, but rugged, mountain range in the Northern Limestone Alps, which lies in front of the  Eastern Alps for its entire length. It is a very heavily karstified high plateau, about 60 km² in area, with many caves. The range is located in Austria in the district of Salzburg near Bischofshofen.

Some 37 square kilometres of the Tennen plateau are above the 2,000 metre line and that part of the range within the state of Salzburg was turned into a nature reserve in 1982.
1998 Dudley Metropolitan Borough Council election
Elections to Dudley Metropolitan Borough Council were held on 7 May 1998.  One third of the council was up for election and the Labour party kept overall control of the council.

After the election, the composition of the council was

Labour 58

Liberal Democrat 7

Conservative 7

Metropolitan Borough of Dudley
The Metropolitan Borough of Dudley is a metropolitan borough of West Midlands, England. It was created in 1974 following the Local Government Act 1972, through a merger of the existing Dudley County Borough with the municipal boroughs of Stourbridge and Halesowen.

The borough's main settlement is Dudley but it also includes the outlying towns of Brierley Hill, Halesowen, Kingswinford, Lye, Netherton, Sedgley, and Stourbridge.

The borough borders Sandwell to the east, the city of Birmingham to the south east, Bromsgrove to the south in Worcestershire, South Staffordshire District to the west, and the city of Wolverhampton to the north.
Government Engineering College, Jehanabad
Government Engineering College, Jehanabad is a government engineering college in Jehanabad district of Bihar. It was established in the year 2019 under Department of Science and Technology, Bihar. It is affiliated with Bihar Engineering University and approved by All India Council for Technical Education.

Bihar Combined Entrance Competitive Examination Board
Bihar Combined Entrance Competitive Examination Board (BCECEB) conducts competitive examinations and counsellings every year for admissions in various courses of Medical, Engineering and Agricultural streams in the Institutions of Bihar. It is constituted under Bihar Acts, 1995. Office of the board is situated in IAS Association Building, Patna.
Ewartia cuensis
Ewartia cuensis is a species of cicada, also known as the western wattle cicada, in the true cicada family, Cicadettinae subfamily and Cicadettini tribe. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1913 by English entomologist William Lucas Distant.

Cicadidae
Cicadidae, the true cicadas, is one of two families of cicadas, with about 3,400 species in over 520 genera worldwide; it contains most living cicada species, except for the two belonging to its sister taxon, the Tettigarctidae.  The classification of this family, of often very similar insects, has undergone many revisions, continuing into the 21st century; for example, many species previously assigned to the type genus Cicada, are now placed in different tribes.
Kawakole
Kawakole is a small town and a Block in Nawada district in the Indian state of Bihar. It is situated about 40 km from Nawada City.  The Block lies in the eastern side of Nawada district and is close to Jamui district and Giridih district of Jharkhand. The primary occupation of Kawakol's residents is agriculture, and this area is well known for its tourist attractions.

Jamui district
Jamui district is a district among 38 districts of Bihar state, India. The district was formed on 21 February 1991, when it was separated from Munger district. It is located at a longitude of 86° 13'E and the latitude is 24° 55'N.
1970–71 KNVB Cup
The 1970-71 KNVB Cup was the 53rd edition of the Dutch national football annual knockout tournament for the KNVB Cup. 51 teams contested, beginning on 15 August 1970 and ending at the final on 20 May 1971.

Ajax successfully defended its 1971 title achieving its sixth KNVB title defeating Sparta Rotterdam, 2–1. Sparta Rotterdam contested in the Cup Winners' Cup, since Ajax finished second in the Eredivisie, already qualified for the European Cup.

KNVB Cup
The KNVB Beker (pronounced [ˌkaːʔɛɱveːˈbeː ˈbeːkər]; English: KNVB Cup), branded as the Eurojackpot KNVB Beker for sponsorship reasons, is a competition in the Netherlands organised by the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB) since 1898. It was based on the format of the English FA Cup. Outside the Netherlands, it is often referred to as the Dutch Cup. The tournament consists of all teams from the top four tiers of Dutch league football (Eredivisie, Eerste Divisie, Tweede Divisie and Derde Divisie), as well as the 24 semi-finalists (or replacements) of the six KNVB District Cups. The finals of the tournament traditionally takes place in De Kuip, and has been held there every season since the 1989 final. The winners of the cup compete against the winners of the Eredivisie for the Johan Cruyff Shield, (equivalent to a super cup) which acts as the curtain raiser for the following season.