hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas Nevile Carter
Thomas Nevile Carter (September 1851 – 16 November 1879) was an English amateur sportsman who played for England in the second unofficial football match against Scotland, in November 1870. He was the brother of the Rev William Marlborough Carter KCMG, DD and the nephew of Canon T. T. Carter. He was killed by lightning in South Africa, aged 28.

England v Scotland representative football matches (1870–1872)
Between 1870 and 1872, the Football Association (FA) organised five representative association football matches between teams representing England and Scotland, all held in London. The first of these matches was held at The Oval on 5 March 1870, and the fifth was on 21 February 1872. The matches, which were organised by Charles W. Alcock, are the precursors to modern international football and were referred to as internationals at the time. They are not recognised, however, as full internationals by FIFA as the players competing in the Scotland team were drawn only from London-based Scottish players. They were followed by the 1872 match in Glasgow between Scotland and England which is recognised as the first international match.
University of Sassari
The University of Sassari (Italian: Università degli Studi di Sassari, UniSS) is a public university located in Sassari, Italy. It was founded in 1562 and is organized in 13 departments.

The University of Sassari earned first place in the rankings for the best "medium-sized" Italian university, in 2009–2010, by the Censis Research Institute, but in 2012 it fell to the 6th position among the best Italian universities.

President of Italy
The  president of Italy, officially titled President of the Italian Republic (Italian: Presidente della Repubblica Italiana), is the head of state of Italy. In that role, the president represents national unity and guarantees that Italian politics comply with the Constitution. The president is the commander-in-chief of the Italian Armed Forces and chairs the High Council of the Judiciary. The president serves a seven-year term, with no term limits. The incumbent president is former constitutional judge Sergio Mattarella, who was elected on 31 January 2015, and re-elected on 29 January 2022.
Fathers and Crows
Fathers and Crows is a 1992 historical novel by the American author William T. Vollmann. It is the second book in the seven-book series Seven Dreams: A Book of North American Landscapes.

Fathers and Crows explores the encounters and conflicts between French Jesuit missionaries in New France (Canada) and the native Huron and Iroquois peoples in Canada and present-day New York state. The Natives called the Jesuits "Black Robes", for their clerical costume.

Vollman features historical figures as major characters, including Jean de Brébeuf, Isaac Jogues, Samuel de Champlain, Marc Lescarbot, Jean de Biencourt de Poutrincourt et de Saint-Just, Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Monts, and Kateri Tekakwitha, a Catholic Mohawk religious woman who was canonized in October 2012, the first Native American/First Nations person to be so honored.

Jean de Biencourt de Poutrincourt et de Saint-Just
Jean de Biencourt de Poutrincourt et de Saint-Just (Jean Biencourt, Baron of Poutrincourt and Saint-Just) (1557–1615) was a member of the French nobility best remembered as a commander of the French colonial empire, one of those responsible for establishing the most successful among early attempts to establish a permanent settlement in the North American territory that became known as Acadia, a region of New France.
Vameq III Dadiani
Vameq III Dadiani (also Vamiq; Georgian: ვამეყ [ვამიყ] III დადიანი; died 1661) was Prince of Mingrelia, of the House of Dadiani, from 1658 until being deposed in 1661. He was also briefly King of Imereti in 1661. He assumed both Mingrelian and Imeretian thrones and lost them during a messy civil war in western Georgian polities and was killed by assassins while hiding in a refuge of the mountains of Svaneti.

Svaneti
Svaneti (Svan: შუ̂ან, ლემშუ̂ანიერა; shwan, lemshwaniera, and Suania in ancient sources; Georgian: სვანეთი [ˈs̪ʷän̪e̞t̪ʰi] Svaneti) is a province in the northwestern part of Georgia. Running along the Greater Caucasus range, Svaneti is one of the most mountainous regions of Georgia. It is largely inhabited by the Svans, an ethnic subgroup of Georgians.
Arthur Danto
Arthur Coleman Danto (January 1, 1924 – October 25, 2013) was an American art critic, philosopher, and professor at Columbia University. He was best known for having been a long-time art critic for The Nation and for his work in philosophical aesthetics and philosophy of history, though he contributed significantly to a number of fields, including the philosophy of action. His interests included thought, feeling, philosophy of art, theories of representation, philosophical psychology, Hegel's aesthetics, and the philosophers Friedrich Nietzsche and Jean-Paul Sartre.

Peter Fischli & David Weiss
Peter Fischli (born 8 June 1952) and David Weiss (21 June 1946 – 27 April 2012), often shortened to Fischli/Weiss, were a Swiss artist duo that collaborated since 1979. Their best-known work is the film Der Lauf der Dinge (The Way Things Go, 1987), described by The Guardian as being "post apocalyptic", as it concerned chain reactions and the ways in which objects flew, crashed and exploded across the studio in which it was shot. Fischli lives and works in Zurich; Weiss died on 27 April 2012.
Belton Johnson
Belton Johnson (born July 23, 1980) is an American former professional football offensive tackle. He was signed by the Cincinnati Bengals as an undrafted free agent in 2003. He played college football at Mississippi.

Johnson was also a member of the BC Lions, Winnipeg Blue Bombers, Saskatchewan Roughriders, Hamilton Tiger-Cats and Edmonton Eskimos. He is the older brother of NFL offensive lineman Marcus Johnson.

Ole Miss Rebels football
The Ole Miss Rebels football program represents the University of Mississippi, also known as "Ole Miss". The Rebels compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as members of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The Rebels play their home games at Vaught-Hemingway Stadium on the university's campus in University, Mississippi.

Founded in 1893, Ole Miss has won 6 Southeastern Conference titles, in 1947, 1954, 1955, 1960, 1962, 1963. The team has been co-national champion once, with Minnesota in 1960 (the only time that Ole Miss has been acknowledged as national champion by the NCAA). Ole Miss, however, has never finished a season No. 1 in the AP or Coaches' Poll. With a record of 26–15, Ole Miss has the third-highest postseason winning percentage of schools with 30 or more bowl appearances.

Pete Golding, the program's head coach, succeeded Lane Kiffin in November 2025.
2018 Caracas drone attack
On 4 August 2018, two drones detonated explosives near Avenida Bolívar, Caracas, where Nicolás Maduro, the president of Venezuela, was addressing the Bolivarian National Guard in front of the Centro Simón Bolívar Towers and Palacio de Justicia de Caracas. The Venezuelan government claims the event was a targeted attempt to assassinate Maduro, though the cause and intention of the explosions is debated. Others have suggested the incident was a false flag operation designed by the government to justify repression of opposition in Venezuela.

José Manuel Olivares
José Manuel Olivares Marquina (born 19 August 1985) is a Venezuelan politician, oncologist and nuclear medicine physician who served as a deputy of the National Assembly from Vargas from 2016 to 2021. During his tenure, he was the president of the National Assembly's Health Subcommission, where he spearheaded the National Health Crisis Provision Law and directed humanitarian aid to counteract the effects of the medicine shortage in Venezuela. He was also the president of the Permanent Commission on Integral Family Development. Olivares has been a major figure in the Venezuelan opposition against the government of Nicolás Maduro. In June 2018, Olivares and his family fled to Colombia, where he has helped direct the shipment of humanitarian aid to Venezuela.
Switzerland at the 2025 Summer World University Games
Switzerland competed at the 2025 Summer World University Games in Rhine-Ruhr, Germany held from 16 to 27 July 2025. Switzerland was represented by 79 athletes and took seventeenth place in the medal table with 10 medals.

2025 Summer World University Games
The 2025 FISU Summer World University Games, also known as Rhine-Ruhr 2025, was a multi-sport event held from 16 to 27 July 2025, in five cities in Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region and in Berlin as an outlying venue in Germany. The Rhine-Ruhr region had previously hosted the 1989 Summer Universiade in Duisburg.

The event returned to its traditional 2-year cycle following the 2021 Summer World University Games in Chengdu, first postponed until 2022 and then postponed again to 2023 due to the COVID-19 pandemic (replacing Yekaterinburg 2023 due to Russian invasion of Ukraine).
Cinnamomum citriodorum
Cinnamomum citriodorum is a species of flowering plant in the family Lauraceae. It is commonly known as Malabar cinnamon. It is an evergreen tree which grows up to 10 metres tall. The species is endemic to central and southwestern Sri Lanka.

It grows in lowland rain forests from 300 to 700 metres elevation. It is a rare tree, known from only five wild populations. It is threatened by habitat loss from conversion of its native forests to agriculture and plantations.

It has a characteristic smell of lemon grass. C. citriodorum has 45% cinnamaldehyde compared to 80% for C. cassia.

Cymbopogon
Cymbopogon, also known as lemongrass, barbed wire grass, silky heads, oily heads, Cochin grass, Malabar grass, citronella grass or fever grass, is a genus of Asian, African, Australian, and tropical island plants in the grass family.
Some species (particularly Cymbopogon citratus) are commonly cultivated as culinary and medicinal herbs because of their scent, resembling that of lemons (Citrus limon).
The name Cymbopogon derives from the Greek words kymbe (κύμβη, 'boat') and pogon (πώγων, 'beard') "which mean [that] in most species, the hairy spikelets project from boat-shaped spathes." Lemongrass and its oil are believed to possess therapeutic properties.
2026 North Carolina judicial elections
At least one justice of the seven-member North Carolina Supreme Court and three judges of the fifteen-member North Carolina Court of Appeals are scheduled to be elected by North Carolina voters on November 3, 2026, concurrently with other state elections. Terms for seats on each court are eight years. These elections are conducted on a partisan basis.

Primary elections (for seats with more than one candidate from a political party) are scheduled to be held on March 3, 2026.

North Carolina Supreme Court
The Supreme Court of the State of North Carolina is the state of North Carolina's highest appellate court. Until the creation of the North Carolina Court of Appeals in the 1960s, it was the state's only appellate court. The Supreme Court consists of six associate justices and one chief justice, although the number of justices has varied.  The primary function of the Supreme Court is to decide questions of law that have arisen in the lower courts and before state administrative agencies.
Arusha Declaration Monument
The Arusha Declaration Monument (Swahili: Mnara wa Azimio la Arusha) is a landmark monument located in Kati ward  in Arusha, Tanzania. It was unveiled in 1977 by the nation's ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party to commemorate ten years of the Arusha Declaration. It is situated along Makongoro Road at the centre of the roundabout.

In April 2015, part of the monument was vandalised when one of its copper plaques was stolen.

Monument
A monument is a type of structure created to commemorate a person or event, or which has become relevant to a social group as a part of their remembrance of historic times or cultural heritage, due to its artistic, historical, political, technical or architectural importance.  Examples of monuments include statues, (war) memorials, historical buildings, and cultural assets. If there is a public interest in its preservation, a monument can for example be listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Live at the BBC (Focus album)
Live at the BBC is a live album by the Dutch progressive rock group Focus, recorded on 21 March 1976, and broadcast on Radio 1 in the BBC Concert Series, but released only in 2004 by Hux Records, in CD format.

The album was recorded just weeks after Jan Akkerman had left the band, and a new guitarist, Philip Catherine had been brought in. According to the Allmusic review, "although the sound quality is very good, the music doesn’t only suffer from Akkerman's absence; it’s also about half-comprised of boring, laid-back, instrumental jazz-funk fusion."

Jan Akkerman
Jan Akkerman (born 24 December 1946) is a Dutch guitarist. He first found international commercial success with the band Focus, which he co-founded with Thijs van Leer. After leaving Focus, he continued as a solo musician, adding jazz rock influences.
Ramacca
Ramacca (Italian pronunciation: [raˈmakka]) is a comune (municipality) in a mountainous area in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region of Sicily, located about 140 kilometres (87 mi) southeast of Palermo and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southwest of Catania. It lies west of the Plain of Catania. Ramacca borders the following municipalities: Agira, Aidone, Assoro, Belpasso, Castel di Judica, Lentini, Mineo, Palagonia, Paternò, Raddusa.

Its name derives from the Arabic Rahal Mohac, which means Hamlet of Mohac.

Ramacca is home to the Sagra del Carciofo, an artichoke festival held every April. The city's economy is largely based on the cultivation of artichokes.

Assoro
Assoro (Sicilian: Àsaru, Latin: Assorus, Greek: Assoros) is a comune in   the Province of Enna, Sicily, southern Italy. The town-site of Assoro occupies the site of ancient Assorus.

The fight to take the heights of Assoro during WWII figured prominently in Farley Mowat’s account of his wartime service, And No Birds Sang.

Among the main sights in the town is the 12th-century Basilica di San Leone.
SM U-118
SM U-118 was a type UE II mine-laying submarine of the Imperial German Navy and one of 329 submarines serving with that navy during World War I.

U-118 engaged in naval warfare and took part in the First Battle of the Atlantic.

Naval warfare of World War I
Naval warfare in World War I was mainly characterised by blockade. The Allied powers, with their larger fleets and surrounding position, largely succeeded in their blockade of Germany and the other Central Powers, whilst the efforts of the Central Powers to break that blockade, or to establish an effective counter blockade with submarines and commerce raiders, were eventually unsuccessful. Major fleet actions were extremely rare and proved less decisive.
Peter Sutton (anthropologist)
Peter Sutton FASSA (born 1946) is an Australian social anthropologist and linguist who has, since 1969, contributed to: recording Australian Aboriginal languages; promoting Australian Aboriginal art; mapping Australian Aboriginal cultural landscapes; and increasing societies' general understanding of contemporary Australian Aboriginal social structures and systems of land tenure. In 1976 Isobel Wolmby and her husband of the Wik peoples adopted Sutton as their tribal son.

From 2004 to 2008, Sutton held an Australian Research Council (ARC) Professorial Fellowship at the University of Adelaide's School of Earth & Environmental Sciences and within the South Australian Museum's Division of Anthropology. In 2003-2009, he was an Honorary Research Fellow at the Institute of Archaeology, University College London.

Social anthropology
Social anthropology is the study of patterns of behaviour in human societies and cultures. It is the dominant constituent of anthropology throughout the United Kingdom and much of Europe, where it is distinguished from cultural anthropology. In the United States, social anthropology is commonly subsumed within cultural anthropology or sociocultural anthropology.
2025 General Tire 150 (Dover)
The 2025 General Tire 150 was the tenth stock car race of the 2025 ARCA Menards Series season, the fifth race of the 2025 ARCA Menards Series East season, and the 2nd iteration of the event. The race was held on Friday, July 18, 2025, at Dover Motor Speedway in Dover, Delaware, a 1 mile (1.6 km) permanent asphalt oval shaped speedway. The race took the scheduled 150 laps to complete. Brenden Queen, driving for Pinnacle Racing Group, would put on a blistering performance, winning the pole and leading every lap of the event to earn his fourth career ARCA Menards Series win, his first career ARCA Menards Series East win in his first start, and his fourth of the season. To fill out the podium, Camden Murphy, driving for Nitro Motorsports in his ARCA debut, and Isabella Robusto, driving for Venturini Motorsports, would finish 2nd and 3rd, respectively.

Camden Murphy
Camden Murphy (born July 23, 1996) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He last competed part-time in the ARCA Menards Series, driving the No. 70 Toyota for Nitro Motorsports, and in Monster Jam, driving the Classroom Crusher truck.
Guerino Vanoli Basket
Guerino Vanoli Basket, also known as Vanoli Cremona, is a professional basketball team of the city of Cremona. The team played in the LBA, the top Italian basketball league, for 12 years until 2021. 
From 1999 to 2011 the society had the name of Gruppo Triboldi Basket. For past club sponsorship names, see the list below.

Soresina
Soresina (Soresinese: Suresìna) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Milan and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Cremona.

It received the honorary title of city with a presidential decree on 27 October 1962.

Soresina borders the following municipalities: Annicco, Cappella Cantone, Casalmorano, Castelleone, Cumignano sul Naviglio, Genivolta, Trigolo.
Eupackardia
Eupackardia is a monotypic moth genus in the family Saturniidae erected by Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell in 1912. Its only species, Eupackardia calleta, the calleta silkmoth, was described by John O. Westwood in 1853. It is found in Mexico, Guatemala, as well as in the states such as; Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas.

The wingspan is normally 8–11 cm (3.1–4.3 in), however, some specimens have been reported to exceed 5 inches.

The larvae mainly feed on Fraxinus species, Leucophyllum frutescens, Sapium biloculare and Fouquieria splendens.

John O. Westwood
John Obadiah Westwood (22 December 1805 – 2 January 1893) was an English entomologist and archaeologist noted for his artistic talents. He published several illustrated works on insects and antiquities. He was among the first entomologists with an academic position at Oxford University. He was a natural theologian, staunchly anti-Darwinian, and sometimes adopted a quinarian viewpoint. Although he never travelled widely, he described species from around the world on the basis of specimens, especially of the larger, curious, and colourful species obtained by naturalists and collectors in England.
Great Britain at the 2006 Winter Olympics
The United Kingdom competed under the name Great Britain at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy. Athletes from Northern Ireland were generally free to participate for either this team or the Ireland team under a long-standing settlement between the British Olympic Association and the Olympic Council of Ireland. Forty-one athletes were selected for these Winter Games.

Kelly Schafer
Kelly Schafer (née Wood, born 8 April 1981 in Dundee) is a Scottish-Canadian curler who has represented Canada, Scotland and Great Britain on an International and Olympic level. After playing in the 2010 World Championships in Swift Current, Saskatchewan, she fell in love with and married the mayor of the city and has lived there ever since.
Beacon Hill Institute
The Beacon Hill Institute (BHI) is an economic research organization currently located in Medway, Massachusetts. It was founded in Boston in 1991 by businessman Ray Shamie. The institute conducts national and state tax policy research, independent or commissioned, and distributes it to interested citizens and policy makers through various print and electronic media, including policy studies; BHI FaxSheets; policy forums; opinion editorials; radio and TV interviews; and its web site.

The institute describes itself as "grounded in the principles of limited government, fiscal responsibility and free markets".

The institute was previously affiliated with the Department of Economics at Suffolk University. However, the relationship was terminated, and the institute has been unaffiliated with any school or university since December 30, 2016.

Electronic media
Electronic media are media that use electronics or electromechanical means for the audience to access the content. This is in contrast to static media (mainly print media), which today are most often created digitally, but do not require electronics to be accessed by the end user in the printed form. The primary electronic media sources familiar to the general public are video recordings, audio recordings, multimedia presentations, slide presentations, CD-ROM and online content. Most new media are in the form of digital media. However, electronic media may be in either analogue electronics data or digital electronic data format.

Although the term is usually associated with content recorded on a storage medium, recordings are not required for live broadcasting and online networking.

Any equipment used in the electronic communication process (e.g. television, radio, telephone, game console, handheld device) may also be considered electronic media.
The Cat (1958 film)
The Cat (French: La chatte) is a 1958 French war drama film directed by Henri Decoin and starring Françoise Arnoul, Bernhard Wicki and André Versini. It was shot at the Billancourt Studios in Paris. The film's sets were designed by the art director Lucien Aguettand. The story is loosely based on that of the Resistance operative Mathilde Carré during the Second World War. A commercial success, it was followed by a sequel The Cat Shows Her Claws in 1960.

Bernhard Wicki
Bernhard Wicki (28 October 1919 – 5 January 2000) was an Austrian-Swiss actor, film director and screenwriter. He was a key figure in the revitalization of post-war German-language cinema, particularly in West Germany, and also directed several Hollywood films.

His works as a director include his debut 1959 anti-war film Die Brücke, the religious drama The Miracle of Father Malachia (1961), the Friedrich Dürrenmatt adaptation The Visit (1964), and the German segments of the World War II epic The Longest Day (1962). He won four German Film Awards for Best Direction.
Antonio Imerti
Antonio Imerti (Italian pronunciation: [anˈtɔːnjo iˈmɛrti]; born on 22 August 1946, in Villa San Giovanni), also known as Nano feroce ("fierce dwarf"), is an Italian criminal and a member of the 'Ndrangheta,  a Mafia-type criminal organisation in Calabria. He was born in Villa San Giovanni and controlled the Fiumara di Muro neighbourhood in Reggio Calabria.

Villa San Giovanni
Villa San Giovanni (Southern Calabrian: Villa San Giuanni) is a port city and a municipality in the Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria of Calabria, Italy. In 2010 its population was 13,747 with a decrease of 2.5% until 2016 and in 2020 an increase of 3.7%. It is an important terminal for access to Sicily and is also known for being the location of several police films.