hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Proof that e is irrational
The number e was introduced by Jacob Bernoulli in 1683. More than half a century later, Euler, who had been a student of Jacob's younger brother Johann, proved that e is irrational; that is, that it cannot be expressed as the quotient of two integers.

Johann Bernoulli
Johann Bernoulli (also known as Jean in French or John in English; 6 August [O.S. 27 July] 1667 – 1 January 1748) was a Swiss mathematician and was one of the many prominent mathematicians in the Bernoulli family. He is known for his contributions to infinitesimal calculus and educating Leonhard Euler in the pupil's youth.
Strabismus surgery
Strabismus surgery (also: extraocular muscle surgery, eye muscle surgery, or eye alignment surgery) is surgery on the extraocular muscles to correct strabismus, the misalignment of the eyes. Strabismus surgery is a one-day procedure that is usually performed under general anesthesia most commonly by either a neuro- or pediatric ophthalmologist. The patient spends only a few hours in the hospital with minimal preoperative preparation. After surgery, the patient should expect soreness and redness but is generally free to return home.

Extraocular muscles
The extraocular muscles, or extrinsic ocular muscles, are the seven extrinsic muscles of the eye in humans and other animals. Six of the extraocular muscles, the four recti muscles, and the superior and inferior oblique muscles, control movement of the eye. The other muscle, the levator palpebrae superioris, controls eyelid elevation. The actions of the six muscles responsible for eye movement depend on the position of the eye at the time of muscle contraction.

The ciliary muscle, pupillary sphincter muscle and pupillary dilator muscle sometimes are called intrinsic ocular muscles or intraocular muscles.
Microbial genetics
Microbial genetics is a subject area within microbiology and genetic engineering. Microbial genetics studies microorganisms for different purposes. The microorganisms that are observed are bacteria and archaea. Some fungi and protozoa are also subjects used to study in this field. The studies of microorganisms involve studies of genotype and expression system. Genotypes are the inherited compositions of an organism. (Austin, "Genotype," n.d.) Genetic Engineering is a field of work and study within microbial genetics. The usage of recombinant DNA technology is a process of this work. The process involves creating recombinant DNA molecules through manipulating a DNA sequence. That DNA created is then in contact with a host organism. Cloning is also an example of genetic engineering.

Phylum
In biology, a phylum (/ˈfaɪləm/; pl.: phyla) is a level of classification, or taxonomic rank, that is below kingdom and above class. Traditionally, in botany the term division has been used instead of phylum, although the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants accepts the terms as equivalent. Depending on definitions, the animal kingdom Animalia contains about 32 phyla, the plant kingdom Plantae contains about 14 phyla, and the fungus kingdom Fungi contains about eight phyla. Current research in phylogenetics is uncovering the relationships among phyla within larger clades like Ecdysozoa and Embryophyta.
2009 TEAN International – Doubles
Rameez Junaid and Philipp Marx were the defending champions, but only Marx played this year.
Marx and Sebastian Rieschick were eliminated by Jesse Huta Galung and Igor Sijsling in the quarterfinals.
Jonathan Marray and Jamie Murray won in the final 6–1, 6–4, against Sergei Bubka and Sergiy Stakhovsky.

Rameez Junaid
Rameez Junaid (born 25 May 1981) is an Australian professional tennis player of Pakistani descent.

Junaid is based in Melbourne, Victoria, and is currently ranked in the world’s top 100 in doubles.  His doubles partners have included Philipp Marx, Adil Shamasdin and Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi (in Dubai in 2007).
Masudul Haq
Colonel (retd.) Md. Masudul Haq (Bengali: মসুদুল হক) was a Bangladeshi Army officer and an adviser for the labor ministry in the advisory council of presidents Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem and Major General Ziaur Rahman until 1977.

Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem
Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem (29 March 1916 – 8 July 1997) was a Bangladeshi jurist and statesman. He was the chief justice of Bangladesh from 1972 to 1975. He became the president of Bangladesh in the aftermath of counter-coups in November 1975. He held the post of Chief Martial Law Administrator (CMLA). Sayem presided over a cabinet headed by the three chiefs of the armed forces. The cabinet included civilian technocrats and politicians. Sayem resigned on grounds of ill health in April 1977 and was replaced by Ziaur Rahman.
Injury in humans
An injury is any physiological damage to living tissue caused by immediate physical stress. Injuries to humans can occur intentionally or unintentionally and may be caused by blunt trauma, penetrating trauma, burning, toxic exposure, asphyxiation, or overexertion. Injuries can occur in any part of the body, and different symptoms are associated with different injuries.

Treatment of a major injury is typically carried out by a health professional and varies greatly depending on the nature of the injury. Traffic collisions are the most common cause of accidental injury and injury-related death among humans. Injuries are distinct from chronic conditions, psychological trauma, infections, or medical procedures, though injury can be a contributing factor to any of these.

Several major health organizations have established systems for the classification and description of human injuries.

Health professional
A health professional, healthcare professional (HCP), or healthcare worker (sometimes abbreviated as HCW) is a provider of health care treatment and advice based on formal training and experience. The field includes those who work as a nurse, physician (such as family physician, internist, obstetrician, psychiatrist, radiologist, surgeon etc.), perfusionist, physician assistant,  registered dietitian, veterinarian, veterinary technician, optometrist, pharmacist, pharmacy technician, medical assistant, physical therapist, occupational therapist, dentist, midwife, psychologist, audiologist, or healthcare scientist, or who perform services in allied health professions. Experts in public health and community health are also health professionals.
Genaro Borrego Estrada
Genaro Borrego Estrada (born 18 February 1949) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as Governor of Zacatecas between 1986 and 1992 and as Head of the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) during the government of Ernesto Zedillo. He also served as a senator for Zacatecas during the 58th and 59th sessions of Congress and as a deputy for the first district of Zacatecas during the 52nd session.

LIX Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LIX Legislature (59th session) of the Congress of Mexico met from September 2003 to August 2006. All members of the lower house (Chamber of Deputies) were elected in the elections of July 2003 while members of the upper house (Senate) were elected in the elections of July 2000.
Koivisto (surname)
Koivisto is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anu Koivisto, Finnish backstroke swimmer

Emma Koivisto, Finnish professional footballer

Henrik Koivisto (born 1990), Finnish ice hockey player

Mauno Koivisto (1923–2017), Finnish president

Rami Koivisto (born 1968), Finnish ice hockey player

Tellervo Koivisto (née Kankaanranta, born 1929), Finnish politician and the former First Lady of Finland

Tellervo M. Koivisto (née Heino, 1927–1982), Finnish teacher and politician

Tom Koivisto, Finnish ice hockey player

Toni Koivisto, Finnish ice hockey player

Markku Koivisto, Finnish revival evangelist, doctor of theology

Mauno Koivisto
Mauno Henrik Koivisto (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈmɑu̯no ˈhenrik ˈkoi̯ʋisto], 25 November 1923 – 12 May 2017) was a Finnish politician who served as the president of Finland from 1982 to 1994. He also served as the country's prime minister twice, from 1968 to 1970 and again from 1979 to 1982. He was also the first member of the Social Democratic Party to be elected as President of Finland.
Mighty Math
Mighty Math is a collection of six educational video games for the Windows and Macintosh platforms, developed and published by Edmark software. As the title indicates, the games are heavily oriented on mathematics. Two of each games cater for different age groups with fitting content. Carnival Countdown and Zoo Zillions are suited for Kindergarten and 2nd graders and teaches beginner topics. Number Heroes and Calculating Crew cater for 3rd till 6th graders and teaches intermediate topics. Astro Algebra and Cosmic Geometry are designed for 5th till 9th graders and teaches advanced topics. The games were all developed under Harcourt's strategy. In response to the series growing popularity, Edmark launched a website called the "Mighty Math Club" in November.

Edmark
Edmark Corporation (or simply Edmark) was a publisher of educational print materials and educational software developer based in Redmond, Washington. They developed software for Microsoft Windows and MacOS in several languages and sold it in over a dozen countries.
Wild Bill Widner
William Waterfield "Wild Bill" Widner (June 3, 1867 – December 10, 1908) was an American professional baseball pitcher. He pitched all or part of five seasons in the majors, from 1887 until 1891, for the Cincinnati Red Stockings, Washington Nationals, Columbus Solons, and Cincinnati Kelly's Killers.

History of the Cincinnati Reds
The Cincinnati Reds, a Major League Baseball team, were originally members of the American Association from 1882 to 1889; the team has played in the National League ever since, being one of only five 19th-century teams still playing in its original city.
2023 Sinaloa unrest
The 2023 Sinaloa unrest or The Second Black Thursday began on January 5, 2023, following the arrest of Ovidio Guzmán, son of jailed drug lord Joaquín 'El Chapo' Guzmán, sparking a wave of violence in the state of Sinaloa. In retaliation for the arrest of Ovidio Guzmán, cartel members blocked highways with burning vehicles and began attacks against the armed forces. The Culiacán International Airport was closed after gunfire was opened on two planes (one passenger and the other military). On January 13, the Mexican Secretary of the Interior Adán Augusto López Hernández declared that "order has been reestablished" in Sinaloa.

According to official reports, ten soldiers, a police officer and 19 alleged members of the Sinaloa Cartel were killed. The violence prompted the Mexican military to launch a series of armed raids using planes and helicopters to attack cartel members.

Mexican Army
The Mexican Army (Spanish: Ejército Mexicano), also known as the National Defense Army, is the combined land and air branch of the Mexican Armed Forces. It includes the Mexican Air Force, the Special Forces Body, and the National Guard.

With an active-duty force of 261,773 servicemembers (as of 2024), the Army is the largest component of the Mexican Armed Forces and among the largest armies in the world. It is under the authority of the Secretariat of National Defense (Spanish: Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, SEDENA) and is headed by the Secretary of National Defence, who is directly answerable to the President.

The Mexican Army was the first to adopt (1908) and use (1910) a self-loading rifle, the Mondragón rifle.
Almendra Central
The Almendra Central (English: Central Almond) is a zone of Madrid comprising seven districts: Centro, Arganzuela, Retiro, Salamanca, Chamartín, Tetuán, and Chamberí, (even though, sometimes, the City Council of Madrid includes part of an eighth, Moncloa-Aravaca, specifically the Argüelles yard, all inside the M30 motorway.

Centro (Madrid)
Centro ([ˈθentɾo], "Centre") is a district of Madrid, Spain. It is approximately 5.23 km2 (2.02 sq mi) in size. It has a population of 149,718 people and a population density of 28,587 people/km2 (74,040 people/sq mi). It roughly corresponds to the bulk of the housing formerly enclosed by the so-called Walls of Philip IV. The district is made up of the neighbourhoods of Cortes, Embajadores, Justicia, Universidad, Palacio and Sol.
2016 Fergana Challenger – Men's doubles
Sergey Betov and Mikhail Elgin were the defending champions, but Betov did not participate. Elgin instead partnered Denys Molchanov. Elgin and Molchanov lost in the quarterfinals to Toshihide Matsui and Vishnu Vardhan.

Yannick Jankovits and Luca Margaroli won the title after defeating Toshihide Matsui and Vishnu Vardhan 6–4, 7–6(7–4) in the final.

Sergey Betov
Sergey Aleksandrovich Betov (Belarusian: Сяргей Аляксандравіч Бетаў Siarhiej Betaŭ; Сергей Александрович Бетов; born 15 October 1987) is a Belarusian professional tennis player. He reached his highest ATP singles ranking of world No. 340 on 1 August 2011 and his highest doubles ranking of No. 61 was achieved on 26 October 2015.

On April 29, 2016, the International Tennis Federation found that Betov had committed an Anti-Doping Rule Violation in connection with the consumption of meldonium, but further determined that he bore no fault or negligence for the violation and therefore permitted him to resume competition.

He married Russian tennis player Margarita Gasparyan in July 2021; they announced their pregnancy in February 2022.
Rafael Lozano (boxer, born 2004)
Rafael Lozano Serrano (born 27 December 2004), also known as Rafael Lozano or Rafael Lozano Jr., is a Spanish boxer. He competed at the 2024 European Amateur Boxing Championships, winning the bronze medal in the flyweight event. He also competed at the 2024 Summer Olympics in the men's 51 kg event, but was defeated in the quarter-final by Yunior Alcántara Reyes.

2024 European Amateur Boxing Championships
The 45th Men's 2024 European Amateur Boxing Championships  and 14th European Women's Boxing Championships were held at the same time in Belgrade, Serbia, from 18 to 28 April 2024. 401 boxers (263 men and 138 women) from 33 countries were scheduled to come to Belgrade for this championships.
CBM Compound
The CBM Compound, also called the  Canadian Baptist Mission Compound (CBM), is a neighborhood situated in the central part of Visakhapatnam City, India. The area, which falls under the local administrative limits of Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation, is one of the up-market localities. It is a commercial center of the old residential area in the Visakhapatnam City.

CBM Compound is located between Asilmetta and Dwaraka Nagar and this area is served by the Visakhapatnam Bus Rapid Transit System.
The CBM Compound area has many shopping malls, restaurants and prestigious schools like Timpany School which was established in 1931. In this area, properties are very expensive.

Visakhapatnam Bus Rapid Transit System
Visakhapatnam BRTS :-The implementation of the bus rapid transit system has been taken up as a high-capacity public transport system in Visakhapatnam keeping in view the projected multi-fold increase in traffic and constraints of road capacity.
A Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) was approved for the city under the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission.
This project was started in 2008 and most of the route has been constructed except for a 2km stretch near Simhachalam. The delay is due to issues in land acquisition from railways, defence and private parties.
Psychopathic Murder Mix Volume 1
Psychopathic Murder Mix Volume 1 is a remix album by Mike E. Clark. Released on June 23, 2009, it features mashups and remixes of songs by Insane Clown Posse, Twiztid, Boondox, Prozak, King Gordy and Blaze Ya Dead Homie. It also features appearances by Awesome Dre, The R.O.C. and Esham.

Remix album
A remix album is an album consisting of remixes or rerecorded versions of an artist's earlier released material. The first act who employed the format was American singer-songwriter Harry Nilsson (Aerial Pandemonium Ballet, 1971). As of 2007, the best-selling remix album of all time is Michael Jackson's Blood on the Dance Floor: HIStory in the Mix (1997).
1999–2000 Danish Superliga
The 1999–2000 Danish Superliga season was the 10th season of the Danish Superliga league championship, governed by the Danish Football Association. It took place from the first match on July 24, 1999, to final match on May 28, 2000.

The Danish champions qualified for the third UEFA Champions League 2000-01 qualification round, the runner-up entered the Champions League in the second qualification round, while the third placed team qualified for the first qualification round of the UEFA Cup 2000-01. The fourth and fifth placed teams qualified for the UEFA Intertoto Cup 2000, while the two lowest placed teams of the tournament was directly relegated to the Danish 1st Division. Likewise, the Danish 1st Division champions and runners-up were promoted to the Superliga.

2000–01 UEFA Cup
The 2000–01 UEFA Cup was the 30th edition of the UEFA Cup competition. Liverpool won the final with a golden goal in extra-time against Alavés for their third title in the competition. It completed a cup treble for the club, as they also won the FA Cup and the League Cup that season. The conclusion of the tournament by a golden goal is the only instance in any of the major European club cup competitions until the abolition of the rule in 2002.

Galatasaray could not defend their title as they automatically qualified for the 2000–01 UEFA Champions League and also reached the knockout stage.

English clubs had been banned from European competitions between 1985 and 1990 as a result of the Heysel disaster, and Liverpool were the first English side of the post-Heysel era to win the trophy. The previous English winners were Tottenham Hotspur in 1984. It was also Liverpool's first European trophy of the post-Heysel era.
New Hymns
New Hymns is the fifth studio album by American Christian music artist Forrest Frank.  The album was released on Frank's independent record label River House Records. It includes traditional Christian hymns, reimagined as lo-fi and rap/hiphop. It features guest appearances from rappers Lecrae and Hulvey. Five of the songs of the album were released as singles, and two of them entered the Billboard Hot Christian Songs chart.  The album was released on October 20, 2023.

Christian music
Christian music is a genre of music that has been written to express either personal or a communal belief regarding Christian life and faith. Common themes of Christian music include praise, worship, penitence, and lament, and its forms vary widely around the world. Church music, hymnals, gospel, and worship music are a part of Christian media and also include contemporary Christian music which itself supports numerous Christian styles of music, including hip hop, rock, contemporary worship, and urban contemporary gospel.

Like other forms of music the creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of Christian music varies according to culture and social context. Christian music can serve various functions, such as ceremonial, educational, aesthetical, or for entertainment purposes.
Praia da Luz
Praia da Luz (European Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpɾajɐ ðɐ ˈluʃ]), officially Luz, is a civil parish of the municipality of Lagos, in Algarve region, Portugal. The population of the civil parish in 2011 was 3,545, in an area of 21.78 km2 (9½ sq. mi.). Also known as Santorini de Portugal, Luz de Lagos or Vila da Luz (a contraction of its former official name, Vila da Nossa Senhora da Luz), "Praia da Luz" (which means Beach of the Light) is used to refer to both the urbanized village and the beach. The parish had its origins in a small fishing village (the industry is now only found in isolated enclaves to the west), but was transformed by several holiday-villa complexes into a tourist area.

Concelho
Concelho (Portuguese: [kõˈseʎu]) is the Portuguese-language term for municipality, referring to the territorial subdivision in local government. In comparison, the word município ([muniˈsipiu]) refers to the organs of State. This differentiation is still in use in Portugal and some of its former overseas provinces, but is no longer in use in Brazil following the abolition of these organs, in favour of the French prefecture system. It is similar to borough and council.
Yusifov
Yusifov is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Fikrat Yusifov (born 1957), Azerbaijani economist

Fuad Yusifov, Commander of Azerbaijani Naval Forces

Mikayil Yusifov (born 1982), Azerbaijani footballer

Naig Yusifov (1970–1992), Azerbaijani soldier

Namiq Yusifov (born 1986), Azerbaijani footballer

Samir Yusifov (born 1994), Russian footballer

Yusif Yusifov (1929–1998), Azerbaijani historian

Zakir Yusifov (1956–1992), Azerbaijani soldier

Fikrat Yusifov
Fikrat Huseyn oglu Yusifov (Azerbaijani: Fikrət Hüseyn oğlu Yusifov; born August 20, 1957) is an Azerbaijani economist who served as the Minister of Finance of the Republic of Azerbaijan. He is the chairman of the International Economic Research Public Union "Ekonomiks".
TMA-1 mine
The TMA-1 and TMA-1A are circular, plastic cased Yugoslavian minimum metal anti-tank blast mine. The mine consists of an upper plastic pressure plate, and the lower body containing the main charge. The pressure plate has eight triangular raised sectors, and a central fuze cap. The pressure plate is held in place by four plastic pins, which when sufficient pressure is applied, shear allowing the pressure plate to collapse onto the mine body, triggering the UANU-1 fuze. A secondary fuze well is provided in the base of the mine, allowing the use of anti-handling devices. The mine is found in Bosnia, Croatia and Kosovo.

Anti-handling device
An anti-handling device is an attachment to or an integral part of a landmine or other munition such as some fuze types found in general-purpose air-dropped bombs, cluster bombs and sea mines. It is designed to prevent tampering or disabling, or to target bomb disposal personnel. When the protected device is disturbed, it detonates, killing or injuring anyone within the blast area. There is a strong functional overlap of booby traps and anti-handling devices.
Auclair–Button Farmstead
Auclair–Button Farmstead is a historic home and farm and national historic district located at Melrose, Rensselaer County, New York. The original section of the farmhouse was built about 1785, with the main block built in 1849.  It is a two-story, five-bay, frame house with a side-gabled roof. It features a full-width front porch.  Also on the property are the contributing garage (c. 1930), ice house (c. 1900), tenant house (c. 1805-1840) and garage (c. 1930), shop barn (c. 1810-1830), dairy barn (c. 1901), milk house (c. 1910), horse barn (c. 1820–1840, c. 1894, c. 1900), hen house (c. 1910), and corn crib (c. 1900).: 3–5

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.

Rensselaer County, New York
Rensselaer County /rɛnsəˈlɪər/ ren-sə-LEER is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 161,130, it's highest decennial count ever. Its county seat is Troy. The county is named in honor of the family of Kiliaen van Rensselaer, the original Dutch owner of the land in the area. The county is part of the Capital District region of the state.

Rensselaer County is part of the Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area.