hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ì
Ì is used in the ISO 9:1995 system of Ukrainian transliteration as the Cyrillic letter І.

In the Pinyin system of Chinese romanization ì is an i with a falling tone.

This appears in Alcozauca Mixtec, Italian, Sardinian, Taos, Vietnamese, Welsh, Alsatian, Scottish Gaelic, Ojibwe, Venetan and also in the constructed language Na'vi to represent a close-mid front unrounded vowel.

Alsatian dialect
Alsatian (Alsatian: Elsässisch or Elsässerditsch "Alsatian German"; Lorraine Franconian: Elsässerdeitsch; French: Alsacien; German: Elsässisch or Elsässerdeutsch) is the group of Alemannic German and Franconian dialects spoken in most of Alsace, a formerly disputed region in eastern France that has passed between French and German control five times since 1681.
Jesse Freeston
Jesse Freeston (born February 18, 1985) is a Canadian video journalist and filmmaker  on social movements in North and Central America, the military-industrial complex, the 2008 financial crisis, and undocumented migration. He is mostly known for exposing fraud in the Honduran election of 2009, and for his coverage of the 2010 G-20 summit in Toronto, where Freeston was attacked by an officer with the Toronto Police Service before having his microphone ripped from his hand by another officer. His video-journalism work with The Real News Network, which is all licensed copyleft, has been republished by outlets including The Huffington Post, Common Dreams and Le monde diplomatique. In 2012 he made three 30-minute Spanish-language documentaries for the Venezuelan government propaganda network Telesur.

Military–industrial complex
The expression military–industrial complex (MIC) describes the relationship between a country's military and the defense industry that supplies it, seen together as a vested interest which influences public policy. A driving factor behind the relationship between the military and the defense corporations is that both sides benefit—one side from obtaining weapons, and the other from being paid to supply them.

The term is most often used in reference to the system behind the armed forces of the United States, where the relationship is most prevalent due to close links among defense contractors, the Department of Defense, and politicians. The expression gained popularity after a warning of the relationship's harmful effects, in the farewell address of U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1961. The term has also been used in relation to Russia, especially since its 2022 invasion of Ukraine.
Chinakakani
Chinakakani is a village in Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Mangalagiri mandal part of Mangalagiri Tadepalle Municipal Corporation part of Guntur revenue division.

Guntur revenue division
Guntur revenue division is an administrative division in the Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It comprises 10 mandals and is one of the two revenue divisions in the district, along with Tenali. Guntur serves as the headquarters of the division.
Talagi Pictograph Cave
The Talagi Pictograph Cave is a rock art site on the island of Guam.  It is located on property owned by the government of Guam within the bounds of Andersen Air Force Base on the northern part of the island near Tarague Beach.  The cave contains thirteen pictographs representing human figures, and a place where limestone mortar was used that is of prehistoric origin.  Based on the characteristics of the figures, it is believed that they were probably the work of a single individual.  It is one of fewer than ten known rock art sites on the island.

The cave was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

Pictogram
A pictogram (also pictogramme, pictograph, or simply picto) is a graphic symbol that conveys meaning through its visual resemblance to a physical object. Pictograms are used in systems of writing and visual communication. A pictography is a writing system which uses pictograms. Some pictograms, such as hazard pictograms, may be elements of formal languages.

In the field of prehistoric art, the term "pictograph" has a different definition, and specifically refers to art painted on rock surfaces. Pictographs are contrasted with petroglyphs, which are carved or incised.

Small pictograms displayed on a computer screen in order to help the user navigate are called icons.
Waterloo Warriors football
The Waterloo Warriors football team represents the University of Waterloo in the sport of Canadian football in U Sports. The Warriors U Sports football program has been in operation since 1957, winning two Yates Cup conference championships in 1997 and 1999. Currently, they are one of six teams to have never appeared in a Vanier Cup game and the longest tenured program in the OUA to have never qualified for the national championship game.

Ontario University Athletics
Ontario University Athletics (OUA; French: Sports universitaires de l'Ontario) is a regional membership association for Canadian universities which assists in co-ordinating competition between their university level athletic programs and providing contact information, schedules, results, and releases about those programs and events to the public and the media.  This is similar to what would be called a college athletic conference in the United States. OUA, which covers Ontario, is one of four such bodies that are members of the country's governing body for university athletics, U Sports. The other three regional associations coordinating university-level sports in Canada are Atlantic University Sport (AUS), the Canada West Universities Athletic Association (CW), and Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec (RSEQ).

OUA came into being in 1997 with the merger of the Ontario Universities Athletics Association and the Ontario Women's Intercollegiate Athletics Association.
Pamela Davies
Pamela Anne Davies (2 May 1924 - 5 May 2009) was a British consultant paediatrician, who specialised in neonatal follow up and infection.

After a period as a junior hospital doctor and then Lecturer in the United Oxford Hospitals, and was appointed Consultant Paediatrician at the Hammersmith Hospital from 1966 to 1982.

In 1964, she and Dr. Victoria Smallpeice collaborated on the introduction of very early enteral feeding with human milk in preterm infants.

She was a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians (FRCP) and an Honorary Fellow of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (HonFRCPCH)

Feeding tube
A feeding tube is a medical device used to provide nutrition to people who cannot obtain nutrition by mouth, are unable to swallow safely, or need nutritional supplementation. The state of being fed by a feeding tube is called enteral (using the gastrointestinal tract) feeding or tube feeding. Placement may be temporary for the treatment of acute conditions or lifelong in the case of chronic disabilities.
A variety of feeding tubes are used in medical practice. They are usually made of polyurethane or silicone. The outer diameter of a feeding tube is measured in French units (each French unit equals 1⁄3 mm). They are classified by the site of insertion and intended use.
Ohio State Route 79
State Route 79 (SR 79) is a north–south highway that traverses Central Ohio, extending from Buckeye Lake at SR 37 to Nellie at US 36. SR 79 serves Newark, providing direct-access from Downtown Newark to I-70.

Buckeye Lake, Ohio
Buckeye Lake is a village in Fairfield and Licking counties in the U.S. state of Ohio. The population was 2,520 at the 2020 census.  It is named for Buckeye Lake, a large lake along which the village is built.
Dalwin, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Dalwin [ˈdalvin] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tczew, within Tczew County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located within the ethnocultural region of Kociewie in the historic region of Pomerania.

Kociewie
Kociewie is an ethnocultural region in the eastern part of Tuchola Forest, in northern Poland, Pomerania, that is inhabited by the Kociewians. Its cultural capital is Starogard Gdański, the biggest town is Tczew, while other major towns include Świecie, and Pelplin. The region has about 250,000 inhabitants. It has well-developed industry and agriculture. Administratively, it is divided between the Pomeranian and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeships.

Kociewie is bordered by the Chełmno Land in the south, Powiśle in the east, Kashubia and Żuławy Wiślane in the north, and other parts of historic Pomerania in the west.
Man Afraid of the Soap
Freeman Joseph Isaacs professionally known as Man Afraid of the Soap (2 October 1869 – 19 June 1937) was a Canadian lacrosse player who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics. In 1904, he was member of the Mohawk Indians Lacrosse Team which won the bronze medal in the lacrosse tournament.

Isaacs was the father of Bill Isaacs, Canadian Lacrosse Hall of Fame inductee.

Canadian Lacrosse Hall of Fame
The Canadian Lacrosse Hall of Fame is a Canadian lacrosse hall of fame, located in New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada. The Hall was chartered in 1965 by the Canadian Lacrosse Association, and inducted its first class of hall of famers in the following year.
Alfred Kaskel
Alfred Kaskel (1901–1968) was an American real estate developer and hotelier, best known for founding Doral Hotels and Resorts, Doral Construction, and Carol Management, which developed, owned, and managed a number of hotels, apartment buildings, and office buildings in New York City, Florida, Chicago, and Boston, primarily from the 1930s to the 1990s. This included more than 20,000 rental apartments.

Rego Park
Rego Park is a neighborhood in the borough of Queens in New York City. Rego Park is bordered to the north by Elmhurst and Corona, to the east and south by Forest Hills, and to the west by Middle Village. Rego Park's boundaries include Queens Boulevard, the Long Island Expressway, Woodhaven Boulevard, and Yellowstone Boulevard. There is a large Jewish population in the neighborhood, which features high-rise apartment buildings and detached houses, as well as a large commercial zone.

Rego Park is located in Queens Community District 6 and its ZIP Code is 11374. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 112th Precinct. Politically, Rego Park is represented by the New York City Council's 29th District and a small part of the 24th and 25th Districts.
Mosese Foliaki
Mosese Foliaki (born November 25, 1998) is a Tongan athlete who competes in the hurdles, high jump, and pole vault. He has represented Tonga at the Pacific Games and Pacific Mini Games.

At the 2017 Pacific Mini Games in Port Vila he won silver in the pole vault, and bronze in the high jump. At the 2019 Pacific Games in Apia he won gold in both the 110 metres hurdles and the high jump. Following the games he was granted land in Vavaʻu by governor Lord Fakatulolo.

Foliaki was working as a Mormon missionary on Nomuka during the 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai eruption and tsunami, and was involved in rescue efforts after the tsunami.

Nomuka
Nomuka is a small island in the southern part of the Haʻapai group of islands in Tonga.  It is part of the Nomuka Group of islands, also called the ʻOtu Muʻomuʻa. Among neighboring islands are Kelefesia, Nukutula, Tonumea, Fonoifua, Telekitonga.
Crossopholis
Crossopholis is an extinct paddlefish known from the early Eocene (Ypresian) of North America, approximately 52 million years ago. It is a close relative of the contemporary American paddlefish, though it is thought to have been a fish-eater like the Chinese paddlefish rather than a filter filter.

Ypresian
In the geologic timescale the Ypresian is the oldest age or lowest stratigraphic stage of the Eocene. It spans the time between 56 and 48.07 Ma, is preceded by the Thanetian Age (part of the Paleocene) and is followed by the Eocene Lutetian Age. The Ypresian is consistent with the Lower Eocene (Early Eocene).
Multimerin 1
Multimerin 1, also known as elastin microfibril interfacer 4 (EMILIN-4), is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the MMRN1 gene.

Multimerin is a massive, soluble protein found in platelets and in the endothelium of blood vessels. It is composed of subunits linked by interchain disulfide bonds to form large, variably sized homomultimers. Multimerin is a factor V/Va-binding protein and may function as a carrier protein for platelet factor V.  It may also have functions as an extracellular matrix or adhesive protein. Recently, patients with an unusual autosomal-dominant bleeding disorder (factor V Quebec/Quebec Platelet Disorder) were found to have a deficiency of platelet multimerin.

Disulfide
In chemistry, a disulfide (or disulphide in British English) is a compound containing a R−S−S−R′ functional group or the S2−2 anion. In inorganic chemistry, the anion appears in a few rare minerals. Compounds of the form R−S−S−H are usually called persulfides instead.

Disulfide bridges also appear as a common post-translational modification in proteins.
Aged Care Act 2024
The Aged Care Act 2024 is the Australian federal legislation regulating aged care services in Australia, focusing on the rights of the older adult. The Act supersedes the previous Aged Care Act 1997 following multiple years of reform speared by the 2018–21 Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety. The Act is part of the Health and Aged Care legislation portfolio and is administered by the Department of Health, Disability and Ageing.

The Aged Care Bill 2024 was introduced by the Labor Albanese government on 12 September 2024, having gained prior bipartisan support from the opposition Coalition. The Act came into effect on 1 November 2025 at the same time as the new Support at Home program, delayed from its original commencement date of 1 July.

Rights
Rights are legal, social, or ethical principles of freedom or entitlement; that is, rights are the fundamental normative rules about what is allowed of people or owed to people according to some legal system, social convention, or ethical theory. Rights are an important concept in law and ethics, especially theories of justice and deontology.

The history of social conflicts has often involved attempts to define and redefine rights. According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, "rights structure the form of governments, the content of laws, and the shape of morality as it is currently perceived".
Salacgrīva fortress
Salacgrīva fortress was a medieval castle located on the right bank of the Salaca river, in the historical region of Vidzeme, northern Latvia. Built in 1226 by the bishopric of Riga, it served as an outpost to control access to the port of Salaca. It was heavily damaged by Russian, Tartars, Polish and the Swedish troops during the Northern Wars.
The word 'Salacgrīva' means 'Mouth (estuary) of Salaca'.

Northern Wars
"Northern Wars" is a term used for a series of wars fought in northern and northeastern Europe from the 16th to the 18th century, primarily between the territorial rivals of the Swedish Empire, Tsardom of Russia, Poland–Lithuania, and Denmark–Norway. The Great Northern War is generally considered to have concluded the Northern Wars with the decline of Sweden and establishment of the Russian Empire as the principal power of the region, however there are different scholarly opinions on which war constitutes the First Northern War and an internationally agreed-on nomenclature for these wars has not yet been devised.
Falnes Church
Falnes Church (Norwegian: Falnes kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Karmøy Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located in the town of Skudeneshavn on the southern tip of the island of Karmøy. It is the church for the Falnes parish which is part of the Karmøy prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Stavanger. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1851 using designs by the architect Hans Linstow. The church seats about 600 people.

Diocese of Stavanger
The Diocese of Stavanger (Norwegian: Stavanger bispedømme) is a diocese in the Church of Norway. It covers all of Rogaland county in western Norway. The cathedral city is Stavanger, where the Stavanger Cathedral is located.  The bishop is Anne Lise Ådnøy, who has held the post since 2019.
5 krooni
The 5 krooni banknote (5 EEK) is a denomination of the Estonian kroon, the former currency of Estonia. Paul Keres (1916–1975), who was a world-famous Estonian chess player, international Grandmaster and prominent chess theorist, is featured with an engraved portrait on the obverse.

The reverse features Hermann Castle founded in 1256 by the Danes and Ivangorod Fortress established by Ivan III in 1492. The 5 krooni banknote was only issued shortly after the reestablishment of the Estonian state in 1991, but remained in common use until the EEK was replaced by the euro. A 5 krooni coin was also minted but the banknote was more commonly found in circulation. The note can be exchanged indefinitely at the currency museum of Eesti Pank for €0.32.

Hermann Castle
Hermann Castle, also known as the Narva castle or Narva fortress, is a medieval castle in the city of Narva, in northeastern Estonia. The castle was established around 1256, when the area was part of the Danish Realm. The first entirely stone fortifications were built in the beginning of the 14th century. The Livonian branch of the Teutonic Order purchased the castle in August 1346, and owned it for much of its later history.
Teichiussa
Teichiussa or Teichioussa (Ancient Greek: Τειχιοῦσσα and Τειχιόεσσα) was a town of ancient Caria or of Ionia in the territory of Miletus, and according to Thucydides, Athenaeus and Stephanus of Byzantium, a possession of the latter city. Archestratus called it a village of Miletus.
It was a polis (city-state) and a member of the Delian League. During the Peloponnesian War, the Spartans struck at Iasos from here.

Its site is located near Kazıklı, Asiatic Turkey.

Stephanus of Byzantium
Stephanus or Stephen of Byzantium (Latin: Stephanus Byzantinus; Ancient Greek: Στέφανος Βυζάντιος, Stéphanos Byzántios; fl. 6th century AD) was an Eastern Roman grammarian and the author of an important geographical dictionary entitled Ethnica (Ἐθνικά). Only meagre fragments of the dictionary survive, but the epitome is extant, compiled by one Hermolaus, not otherwise identified.
Poverty in Namibia
Poverty in Namibia is common with an unemployment rate of 29.9%, poverty incidence of 26.9% and HIV prevalence of 16.9%. Namibia has an economic growth rates averaging 4.3% according to the World Bank, and is one of nine nations in Africa classified by the World Bank as upper center pay. However, income disparity in the country is one of the world's highest with a Gini coefficient of 59.1 in 2015 (2017: 61.3), and there were 3,300 US$ millionaires in 2017.

In a 2021 report by the governmental Namibia Statistics Agency, multidimensional poverty was determined to affect 43% of the population, 59% in rural and 25% in urban areas. The poorest regions per this measure were Kavango West (80%), Kavango East (70%)  and Kunene Region (64%), while the lowest rates of poverty were found in Erongo (16%) and ǁKaras (21%).

More than 400,000 people live in informal housing, with Windhoek (100,000 shack dwellers), Rundu (76,000) and Otjiwarongo (53,000) accommodating the largest number.

Rundu
Rundu is the capital and the largest city of the Kavango-East Region in northern Namibia. It lies on the border with Angola on the banks of the Kavango River, about 1,000 metres (3,300 feet) above sea level. Rundu's population is growing rapidly. The 2001 census counted 36,964 inhabitants; and for the 2011 census it climbed to 63,430.
Cambuslang RFC
Cambuslang RFC is a rugby football club belonging to the Scottish Rugby Union and based in Cambuslang, South Lanarkshire, Scotland. Established in 1903, they currently play in West Division One with home games at Coats Park.

South Lanarkshire
South Lanarkshire (Scots: Sooth Lanrikshire; Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Lannraig a Deas) is one of 32 unitary authorities of Scotland. It borders the south-east of the Glasgow City council area and contains some of Greater Glasgow's suburban towns, as well as many rural towns and villages. It also shares borders with Dumfries and Galloway, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, North Lanarkshire, the Scottish Borders and West Lothian. It includes most of the historic county of Lanarkshire.

The administrative centre of South Lanarkshire is Hamilton, with the seat of the local authority, South Lanarkshire Council, located at Lanark County Buildings.
Michael Oberleitner
Michael Oberleitner (born 17 July 1966) is an Austrian tennis coach and former professional player.

Oberleitner, who was born in Vienna, had a career high ranking of 280 in the world and appeared in three singles main draws at his home tournament, the Vienna Open (1985, 1988 and 1989).

On the ATP Challenger Tour, Oberleitner twice made the final four and en route to the semi-finals in Vienna in 1987 had a win over world number 78 Stefan Eriksson. In 1988 he reached a Challenger doubles final partnering Thomas Muster.

Oberleitner was the coach of Alexander Peya.

His son, Neil Oberleitner, is a tennis player and competes at Futures level.

ITF Men's World Tennis Tour
The ITF Men's World Tennis Tour (formerly ITF Men's Circuit) is a series of professional tennis tournaments held around the world that are organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF).  The tour represents the lowest rung of the men's professional tennis ladder.  ITF tournaments are incorporated into the ATP rankings, enabling young professionals to progress on to the ATP Challenger Tour and ultimately the full ATP Tour.  Nearly every professional male player has spent some time on the ITF Men's World Tennis Tour.
Modus (band)
Modus was a Slovak pop band, originally established in 1967 by Stanislav Hrda, Ján Baláž, Peter Krutek, Juraj Czinege, Tomáš Bery Psota, Ľubomír Stankovský, Gabriel Wertlen and Miroslav Žbirka in the former Czechoslovakia. The formation (identified nowadays as Modus 0) initially played cover versions of the 60's hits. A major change followed after the arrival of Ján Lehotský who joined the ensemble in 1972, and became their leader. The years 1976-80, which included albums Modus (1979) and Balíček snov (1980), referred to as Modusmania, denoted the band's stardom era.

Vašo Patejdl
Vašo Patejdl (born Václav Patejdl; 10 October 1954 – 19 August 2023) was a Slovak musician and composer. He was best known for being a co-founder and long-term member of the pop-rock band Elán. He wrote songs for other musicians, including the Richard Müller single "Po schodoch", and he composed music for films, such as Fontána pre Zuzanu (1985) and The Seven Ravens (2015). Patejdl also released a number of solo albums throughout his career, both in Slovak and English. He died on 19 August 2023, at the age of 68.
Acaudina molpadioides
Acaudina molpadioides is a species of sea cucumber in the genus Acaudina. The species is found in the tropical waters of India, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines and Australia. The cucumber is harvested for use in traditional medicine and as a food. It was first described by Semper in 1867 or 1868.

Carl Semper
Carl Gottfried Semper (July 6, 1832, Altona, Duchy of Holstein – May 29, 1893, Würzburg) was a German ethnologist and animal ecologist. His brother Georg Semper took an interest in the lepidoptera while his brother Johannes Otto Semper (1830–1907) specialized in the molluscs.
Jeziorko, Zduńska Wola County
Jeziorko [jɛˈʑɔrkɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zapolice, within Zduńska Wola County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south of Zapolice, 14 km (9 mi) south-west of Zduńska Wola, and 53 km (33 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Zduńska Wola
Zduńska Wola [ˈzduɲska ˈvɔla] ⓘ is a city in central Poland with 40,730 inhabitants (2021). It is the seat of Zduńska Wola County in the Łódź Voivodeship. The city was once one of the largest cloth, linen and cotton weaving centres in Poland and is the birthplace of Saint Maximilian Kolbe as well as Maksymilian Faktorowicz, the founder of Max Factor cosmetics company.