hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle River (Minnesota)
The Battle River is a 2.7-mile-long (4.3 km) tributary of Red Lake in Minnesota, the United States. It is formed by the junction of its North and South branches. The North Branch flows east to west for 13.7 miles (22.0 km) entirely in Beltrami County, and the South Branch flows 40.1 miles (64.5 km), starting at the outlet of Bartlett Lake in Koochiching County and flowing west-northwest into Beltrami County.

The name of Battle River commemorates a battle between the Ojibways and the Sioux.

Koochiching County, Minnesota
Koochiching County (/ˈkuːtʃɪtʃɪŋ/ KOO-chitch-ing) is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,062. Its county seat is International Falls. A portion of the Bois Forte Indian Reservation is in the county. A small part of Voyageurs National Park extends into its boundary, with Lake of the Woods County to its northwest.
Unit 121
Unit 121 is the secret assassination squad of Lebanese militant organization Hezbollah. The squad reports directly to the Hezbollah's Secretary-General. The unit is believed to have carried out deadly car bomb attacks against Lebanese army and political leaders and journalists, including former Prime Minister Rafic Hariri, officer Wissam Eid, military officials Wissam al-Hassan and François al-Hajj, diplomat Mohamad Chatah, and political activist Lokman Slim.

Lebanese Communist Party
The Lebanese Communist Party (LCP; Arabic: الحزب الشيوعي اللبناني, transliterated: al-Ḥizb al-šuyūʿī al-lubnānī) is a communist party in Lebanon. It was founded in 1943 as a division of the Syrian–Lebanese Communist Party into the Syrian Communist Party and the Lebanese Communist Party, but the division was only implemented in 1964.
Khepresh
The khepresh (ḫprš) was an ancient Egyptian royal headdress. It is also known as the blue crown or war crown. New Kingdom pharaohs are often depicted wearing it in battle, but it was also frequently worn in ceremonies.  While it was once called the war crown by many, modern historians refrain from characterizing it thus.

No original example of a khepresh has yet been found. Based on ancient artistic representations, some Egyptologists have speculated that the khepresh was made of leather or stiffened cloth covered with a precise arrangement of hundreds of sequins, discs, bosses, or rings. Given that the deshret (red crown) and hedjet (white crown) were apparently woven of some sort of plant fiber, the circles or rings decorating ancient artistic representations of the khepresh may instead indicate the regular array of hexagonal holes in an open triaxial weave. As with many other royal crowns, an uraeus (cobra) was hooked to the front of the khepresh.

Amenhotep III
Amenhotep III  (lit. '"Amun is satisfied"'), also known as Amenhotep the Magnificent or Amenhotep the Great and Hellenized as Amenophis III, was the ninth pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty. According to different authors following the "Low Chronology", he ruled Ancient Egypt from June 1386 to 1349 BC, or from June 1388 BC to December 1351 BC/1350 BC, after his father Thutmose IV died. Amenhotep was Thutmose's son by a minor wife, Mutemwiya.

His reign marked a time of exceptional prosperity and grandeur, during which Egypt reached the height of its artistic and international influence, making him one of ancient Egypt's greatest pharaohs. He is also one of the few pharaohs worshipped as a deity during his lifetime.

When he died in the 38th or 39th year of his reign, he was succeeded by his son Amenhotep IV, who later changed his name to Akhenaten.
Bartolomé Clavero
Bartolomé Clavero Salvador (25 May 1947 – 30 September 2022) was a Spanish jurist and historian, specialized in legal history.

Clavero was a tenured full professor at the University of Seville. His works focus on usury, majorat and the concept of State during the Ancien Régime (or its lack thereof), with a materialistic point of view and often polemical content. He was a personal friend and biographer of Francisco Tomás y Valiente, who was murdered by ETA just five minutes after they had a conversation on the phone. Clavero died on 30 September 2022, at the age of 75.

University of Seville
The University of Seville (Universidad de Sevilla) is a  university in Seville, Andalusia, Spain. Founded under the name of Colegio Santa María de Jesús in 1505, in 2022 it has a student body of 57,214, and is ranked 6th among Spanish universities.
Caroline Högström
Sofia Caroline Magdalena Högström (born 10 November 1991 in Västernorrland County) is a Swedish politician from the Moderate Party. Since 2022, she has been member of the Riksdag for Västernorrland County.

Västernorrland County (Riksdag constituency)
Västernorrland County (Swedish: Västernorrlands Län) is one of the 29 multi-member constituencies of the Riksdag, the national legislature of Sweden. The constituency was established in 1970 when the Riksdag changed from a bicameral legislature to a unicameral legislature. It is conterminous with the county of Västernorrland. The constituency currently elects eight of the 349 members of the Riksdag using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2022 general election it had 188,542 registered electors.
MESTIT1 (gene)
In molecular biology, MEST intronic transcript 1, antisense RNA (non-protein coding), also known as MESTIT1 or PEG1-AS is a long non-coding RNA. It is an imprinted gene, which is paternally expressed. In humans, it is found on chromosome 7q32, imprinted genes on chromosome 7 are believed to be involved in Russell-Silver syndrome (RSS). However, it is believed that MESTIT1 is unlikely to cause Russell-Silver syndrome as there is a lack of mutations in this gene in Russell-Silver syndrome patients. MESTIT1 may regulate the expression of the MEST gene.

Chromosome 7
Chromosome 7 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans, who normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 7 spans about 160 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 5 and 5.5 percent of the total DNA in cells.
Justine Burns
Justine Burns (31 May 1972 - 7 February 2026) was a South African economist who was director of the School of Economics at the University of Cape Town (UCT), where she was also a professor. She was a research associate at the university's Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit (SALDRU) and Research Unit in Behavioural Economics and Neuroeconomics (RUBEN).

Burns's research interests, primarily in behavioural economics, include discrimination, trust and social capital, social networks and labour markets, and intergenerational mobility. She published research about social assistance programmes. She received UCT's Distinguished Teacher Award in 2006 and was admitted to the Academy of Science of South Africa in October 2021.

Social capital
Social capital is a concept used in sociology and economics to define networks of relationships which are productive towards advancing the goals of individuals and groups.
It involves the effective functioning of social groups through interpersonal relationships, a shared sense of identity, a shared understanding, shared norms, shared values, trust, cooperation, and reciprocity. Some have described it as a form of capital that produces public goods for a common purpose, although this does not align with how it has been measured.

Social capital has been used to explain the improved performance of diverse groups, the growth of entrepreneurial firms, superior managerial performance, enhanced supply chain relations, the value derived from strategic alliances, and the evolution of communities.
Rondeletiola minor
Rondeletiola minor, also known as the lentil bobtail, is a species of bobtail squid native to the eastern Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. Its natural range covers the northwest of Spain, Portugal, and the eastern, central and western Mediterranean Sea (including the Ligurian Sea, northern and southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Strait of Sicily, Gulf of Taranto,
Adriatic Sea, north Aegean Sea, Sea of Marmara, and Levantine Sea) to the southeastern Atlantic Benguela Current off Namibia.

R. minor grows to a mantle length (ML) of 23 mm.

The type specimen was collected in the Tyrrhenian Sea and is deposited at the Stazione Zoologica in Naples.

Ventral view of the mantle cavity (circular organ of fused photophores highlighted in blue)

Oral view of arms I

Strait of Sicily
The Strait of Sicily (also known as Sicilian Strait, Sicilian Channel, Channel of Sicily, Sicilian Narrows and Pantelleria Channel; Italian: Canale di Sicilia or the Stretto di Sicilia; Sicilian: Canali di Sicilia or Strittu di Sicilia, Arabic: مضيق صقلية Maḍīq Ṣiqillīyah or مضيق الوطن القبلي Maḍīq al-Waṭan al-Qiblī) is the strait between Sicily and Tunisia. The strait is about 145 kilometres (90 mi) wide and divides the Tyrrhenian Sea and the western Mediterranean Sea, from the eastern Mediterranean Sea. The maximum depth is 316 meters (1,037 ft). The island of Pantelleria lies in the middle of the strait.

There are regular ferries between Sicily and Tunis across the Strait of Sicily; a tunnel has been proposed to link the two regions.
Thomas Schiessling
Thomas Schiessling (born 1 November 1974) is an Austrian former professional tennis player.

A left-handed player from Innsbruck, Schiessling turned professional in 1994 and reached a career best singles ranking of 257 in the world. Most of his ATP Tour main draw appearances came at his home tournament, the Austrian Open Kitzbühel, but he had his best performance at Mallorca in 1998, beating Marat Safin en route to the quarter-finals.

Schiessling now trades stocks for a living.

Valencia Open
The Valencia Open, formerly known as Open de Tenis Comunidad Valenciana, was a professional men's tennis tournament played in Valencia, Spain. It was part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour. The tournament was first played in Valencia in 1995 before moving to the Club de Tenis Puente Romano in Marbella for the 1996 and 1997 editions. From 1998 to 2002, the event was held in Mallorca, and finally, in 2003, moved back to its location in Valencia.

It was an ATP International Series tournament held on outdoor clay courts until 2008. In 2009, the Valencia Open and the Madrid Masters switched calendar dates and surfaces, with the Madrid Masters becoming an outdoor clay court tournament and Valencia getting into the ATP World Tour 500 series category as an indoor hardcourt tournament held in November at the newly opened L'Agora in Ciutat de les Arts i les Ciències. In 2015, the tournament was downgraded to the ATP World Tour 250 series. It ended with the 2015 event.
Frakefamide
Frakefamide (INN) is a synthetic, fluorinated linear tetrapeptide with the amino acid sequence Tyr-D-Ala-(p-F)Phe-Phe-NH2 which acts as a peripherally-specific, selective μ-opioid receptor agonist. Despite its inability to penetrate the blood-brain-barrier and enter the central nervous system, frakefamide has potent analgesic effects and, unlike centrally-acting opioids like morphine, does not produce respiratory depression, indicating that its antinociceptive effects are mediated by peripheral μ-opioid receptors. It was under development for the treatment of pain by AstraZeneca and Shire but was shelved after phase II clinical trials.

Potency (pharmacology)
In pharmacology, potency or biological potency is a measure of a drug's biological activity expressed in terms of the dose required to produce a pharmacological effect of given intensity. A highly potent drug (e.g., fentanyl, clonazepam, risperidone, benperidol, bumetanide) evokes a given response at low concentrations, while a drug of lower potency (e.g. morphine, diazepam, ziprasidone, haloperidol, furosemide) evokes the same response only at higher concentrations. Higher potency does not necessarily mean greater effectiveness nor more side effects nor less side effects.
Surah Sad
Surah Ṣad (Arabic: ص, Ṣād; "The Letter Sad") is the 38th chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an with 88 verses (āyāt) and 1 sajdah ۩ (38:24). Sad (ص ) is the name of the eighteenth letter in the Arabic alphabet.

According to the traditional Islamic narrative, the surah was sent to Muhammad SAW by Allah while he was coping with rejection from his tribe, the Quraysh. It recounts stories of previous prophets, describes the splendors of heaven, and warns of the monstrosities of hell.

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the believed revelation  (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is an earlier "Meccan surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, rather than later in Medina. The surah dates to the 2nd Meccan Period, meaning it was revealed only five or six years into the development of Islam.

Waḥy
Waḥy (also waḥi, Arabic: وَحْي, IPA: [wæħj]; pl.: وُحِي wuḥī, IPA: [ˈwʊħiː]) is the Arabic word for revelation. In Islamic belief, revelations are God's word delivered by his chosen individuals – known as messenger prophets – to mankind.
Oku language
Oku (Ebkuo, Ekpwo, Ukfwo, Bvukoo, Kuɔ) is a Grassfields Bantoid language that is primarily spoken by the Oku people of northwest Cameroon, a fondom of the Tikar people. They are a different ethnic group from the Oku people of Sierra Leone.

Voiced bilabial nasal
A voiced bilabial nasal is a type of consonantal sound which has been observed to occur in about 96% of spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨m⟩. The bilabial nasal occurs in English, and it is the sound represented by "m" in map and rum. Very few languages (e.g. Wyandot) are known to lack this sound. A small number of languages have been observed to lack independent nasal phonemes altogether, such as Quileute, Makah, and Central Rotokas.
Peire de Ladils
Peire de Ladils de Bazas (Occitan pronunciation: [ˈpejɾe ðe laˈðilz ðe ˈβazɔs]; fl. c. 1325–1355) was a Gascon troubadour associated with the Consistori del Gay Saber in Toulouse. He was from Bazas in the Gironde and he served as advocate for the Cathédrale Saint-Jean-Baptiste. His surviving work comprises four cansos, three dansas, and two partimens.

In 1340 he composed a political partimen with Raimon de Cornet. He, and presumably Raimon also, was apparently well-read in the romantic literature of his time. His partimen directed to Raimon contains references to Charlemagne, Roland, Jaufre, Launcelot, Gawain, and Matfre Ermengaud:

Mossen Ramons, Carle, Rotlan, Jaufre,

ni Lansalot, ni Galvan, ni Matfre

no vi luns oms ferm guerreiar d'assier

mielhs que faran li Frances dreyturier

ab Lengadoc, si no.y ve passiensa.

Canso (song)
The canso or canson or canzo (Old Occitan: [kanˈsu]) was a song style used by the troubadours. It was, by far, the most common genre used, especially by early troubadours, and only in the second half of the 13th century was its dominance challenged by a growing number of poets writing coblas esparsas.

The canso became, in Old French, the grand chant and, in Italian, the canzone.
Brachybacterium phenoliresistens
Brachybacterium phenoliresistens is a species of Gram positive,  facultatively anaerobic, yellow-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from oil-contaminated sand in Pingtung County, Taiwan. The species was first described in 2007, and its name refers to the species' ability to resist phenol. It is most closely related to B. nesterenkovii.

The optimum growth temperature for B. phenoliresistens is 28 to 35 °C (82 to 95 °F), but can grow at 4 to 40 °C (39 to 104 °F). The optimum pH is 7.0, and it can grow at pH 5.0-10.0.

Phenol
Phenol (also known as carbolic acid, phenolic acid, or benzenol) is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C6H5OH. It is a white crystalline solid that is volatile and can catch fire.

The molecule consists of a phenyl group (−C6H5) bonded to a hydroxy group (−OH). Mildly acidic, it requires careful handling because it can cause chemical burns. It is acutely toxic and is considered a health hazard.

Phenol was first extracted from coal tar, but today is produced on a large scale (about 7 million tonnes a year) from petroleum-derived feedstocks. It is an important industrial commodity as a precursor to many materials and useful compounds, and is a liquid when manufactured. It is primarily used to synthesize plastics and related materials. Phenol and its chemical derivatives are essential for production of polycarbonates, epoxies, explosives such as picric acid, Bakelite, nylon, detergents, herbicides such as phenoxy herbicides, and numerous pharmaceutical drugs.
Huffman House (Newport, Virginia)
Huffman House, also known as Creekside Farm and Huffman Farm, is a historic home and farm located east of Newport in Craig County, Virginia. The farmhouse was built about 1835, with an addition and remodeling between 1907 and 1911. It is a two-story, single-pile center-hall plan, frame dwelling with a side gable roof. Also on the property are a contributing early-19th century barn, a corn crib, a wash house, a garage, and an early-20th century country store. The property is an example of a small town center located along the Cumberland Gap Turnpike; a major transportation route of the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries.  The country store also held the local post office for a few years, provided sleeping quarters to travelers along the turnpike, and has served as a local Baptismal hole. The farmhouse also doubled as a lodge to weary travelers.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Craig County, Virginia
Craig County, part of the Roanoke metropolitan area, is a rural, mountainous county located on the western border of the Commonwealth of Virginia.  Its county seat is New Castle, which is also the only town in the county.   As of the 2020 census, the Craig County population was only 4,892, making it one of the least populated counties in Virginia.

Craig County was formed in 1851 from parts of several adjacent counties, and was named in honor of Robert Craig, a longtime congressman from Southwest Virginia.  More than half of the county remains federally protected land, forming a major part of the Jefferson National Forest.
Jimmy Piersall
James Anthony Piersall (November 14, 1929 – June 3, 2017) was an American baseball center fielder who played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for five teams, from 1950 through 1967. Piersall was best known for his well-publicized battle with bipolar disorder that became the subject of a book and a film, Fear Strikes Out.

Wheaton, Illinois
Wheaton is a city in and the county seat of DuPage County, Illinois, United States. It is located in Milton and Winfield Townships, approximately 25 miles (40 km) west of Chicago. As of the 2020 census, Wheaton's population was 53,970, making it the 27th-most populous municipality in the state.
Chet Baker in New York
Chet Baker in New York is an album by trumpeter Chet Baker recorded in 1958 and released on the Riverside label early the following year. The album includes a Benny Golson composition, "Fair Weather", that is not to be confused with a Kenny Dorham song of the same name that Baker recorded in 1986 for the Round Midnight soundtrack album.

Kenny Dorham
McKinley Howard "Kenny" Dorham (August 30, 1924 – December 5, 1972) was an American jazz trumpeter, composer, and occasional singer. Dorham's talent is frequently lauded by critics and other musicians, but he never received the kind of attention or public recognition from the jazz establishment that many of his peers did. For this reason, writer Gary Giddins said that Dorham's name has become "virtually synonymous with 'underrated'."

Dorham also composed the bossa nova jazz standard "Blue Bossa", which was first recorded by his associate Joe Henderson.
Mizuta
Mizuta (written: 水田 lit. "water field") is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Akio Mizuta (水田 章雄, born 1973), Japanese baseball player

Mizuta Masahide (水田 正秀, 1657–1723), Japanese poet and samurai

Mikio Mizuta (水田 三喜男, 1905–1976), Japanese jurist, educator and politician

Naoshi Mizuta (水田 直志, born 1972), Japanese video game composer and musician

Noriko Mizuta (水田 宗子, born 1937), Japanese academic and poet

Wasabi Mizuta (水田 わさび, born 1974), Japanese voice actress

Naoshi Mizuta
Naoshi Mizuta (水田 直志, Mizuta Naoshi; born January 24, 1972) is a Japanese video game composer and musician. He is best known for his work on the Final Fantasy franchise, most notably Final Fantasy XI, and has also composed music for games such as Street Fighter Alpha, Mega Man & Bass, and Parasite Eve II. He started his career at Capcom before moving to Square (now Square Enix) in 1998.
Christian Verougstraete
Christian Verougstraete (born 11 September 1950 in Uccle) is a Belgian politician who served on the Flemish Parliament from 1995 to 2014.

He attended Our Lady College, Antwerp, where he would later study law. He was a member of the Flemish Parliament from 1995 to 2014, representing Veurne-Diksmuide-Ostend-Ypres from 1995 to 2003 on behalf of the Vlaams Blok. Between 2004 and 2014, Verougstraete served West Flanders and was affiliated with Vlaams Belang. Verougstraete's wife Frieda Deschacht was elected to the Flemish Parliament in her own right in 2019.

West Flanders (Flemish Parliament constituency)
West Flanders is a parliamentary constituency in Belgium used to elect members of the Flemish Parliament since 2004. It corresponds to the province of West Flanders.

Article 26 of the Special Law on Institutional Reform of 1980 gives the Flemish Parliament itself the authority to define its electoral districts by decree. The arrondissemental constituencies were replaced by provincial ones by Special Decree of 30 January 2004. This and related provisions were coordinated into the Special Decree of 7 July 2006.
ISO 3166-2:FK
ISO 3166-2:FK is the entry for the Falkland Islands in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently no ISO 3166-2 codes are defined in the entry for the Falkland Islands. The territory has no defined subdivisions.

The Falkland Islands are officially assigned the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code FK and named "FALKLAND ISLANDS (MALVINAS)" in upper case or "Falkland Islands (the) [Malvinas]" in not only lower case short name but also local short name in ISO 3166 as the United Kingdom administers the Falkland Islands and Argentina claims this group of islands as Malvinas.

Standardization
Standardization (American English) or standardisation (British English) is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments. Standardization can help maximize compatibility, interoperability, safety, repeatability, efficiency, and quality. It can also facilitate a normalization of formerly custom processes.

In social sciences, including economics, the idea of standardization is close to the solution for a coordination problem, a situation in which all parties can realize mutual gains, but only by making mutually consistent decisions. Divergent national standards impose costs on consumers and can be a form of non-tariff trade barrier.
Vojvodinci
Vojvodinci (Serbian Cyrillic: Војводинци; Romanian: Voivodinț; Hungarian: Vajdalak) is a village located in the administrative area of the City of Vršac, South Banat District, Vojvodina, Serbia. The village has a population of 254 people (2022 census).

South Banat District
The South Banat District (Serbian: Јужнобанатски округ, romanized: Južnobanatski okrug, pronounced [jûʒnobǎnaːtskiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of administrative districts of Serbia. It lies in the geographical region of Banat. According to the 2022 census, the South Banat District has a population of 260,244 inhabitants. The administrative center of the district is the city of Pančevo.