hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beam stack search
Beam stack search is a search algorithm that combines chronological backtracking (that is, depth-first search) with beam search and is similar to depth-first beam search. Both search algorithms are anytime algorithms that find good but likely sub-optimal solutions quickly, like beam search, then backtrack and continue to find improved solutions until convergence to an optimal solution.

Depth-first search
Depth-first search (DFS) is an algorithm for traversing or searching tree or graph data structures. The algorithm starts at the root node (selecting some arbitrary node as the root node in the case of a graph) and explores as far as possible along each branch before backtracking. Extra memory, usually a stack, is needed to keep track of the nodes discovered so far along a specified branch which helps in backtracking of the graph.

A version of depth-first search was investigated in the 19th century by French mathematician Charles Pierre Trémaux as a strategy for solving mazes.
John Huh
John Chan-su Huh (/ˈhʌ/; Korean: 허찬수, romanized: Heo Chan-su; born May 21, 1990) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour. His sole victory on the PGA Tour came at the 2012 Mayakoba Golf Classic.

2011 PGA Tour Qualifying School graduates
This is a list of the 29 players who earned their 2012 PGA Tour card through Q School in 2011. Note: Roberto Castro and Mark Anderson had already qualified for the PGA Tour by placing in the Top 25 during the 2011 Nationwide Tour season; they did not count among the Top 25 Q school graduates.

Players in yellow were 2012 PGA Tour rookies.
Aquatots
The Aquatots were American siblings Russell "Bubba" Tongay and Kathy Tongay who performed daring swimming feats at a very young age.

Bubba was seven years old and Kathy was five when the Tongays' father killed Kathy in 1953.

Lifeguard
A lifeguard is a rescuer who supervises the safety and rescue of swimmers, surfers, and other water sports participants such as in a swimming pool, water park, beach, spa, river and lake. Lifeguards are trained in swimming and CPR/AED first aid, certified in water rescue using a variety of aids and equipment depending on requirements of their particular venue. In some areas, lifeguards are part of the emergency services system to incidents and in some communities, lifeguards may function as the primary EMS provider.
Beautiful Life Television
Beautiful Life Television (BLTV), known as Buddha's Light Television from 1997 to 2002, is a non-profit, faith-based television station in Taiwan owned by the Fo Guang Shan Dharma TV Foundation and founded by the Buddhist master Hsing Yun in 1997. It is one of several Buddhist-based TV channels in Taiwan, the others being Da Ai Television, Hwazan Television, Buddha Compassion Television, Life Television and Universal Culture Television.

Da Ai Television
Da Ai Television (Chinese 大愛電視, dà ài diànshì) is a TV channel founded in 1998. It's operated by a Buddhist charity organisation Tzu Chi. The channel produces most of its programs by itself, and the programming doesn't include politics or violent content. The channel is religious by nature and it teaches dharma under Cheng Yen's guidance. The channel's stance is that people are good by default as Buddhism teaches.

The program is mostly in Mandarin Chinese but some English content is also produced. For example, Da Ai's Internet radio has one regular program in English called The Power of the Heart. This channel also has children's shows.

In 2012 the channel moved into HD quality.
Upper Benefield
Upper Benefield is a linear village along the A427 road in the North Northamptonshire district of Northamptonshire, England. It is part of the civil parish of Benefield. It is around 10 km (6 miles) east of Corby.

The village's name means 'Bera's people's open land'.

Corby
Corby is a town and civil parish in North Northamptonshire, England, 23 miles (37 km) northeast of Northampton. In 2021 it had a population of 68,164. From 1974 to 2021, it was the administrative headquarters of the Borough of Corby; at the 2021 Census, the former borough had a population of 75,571.

Corby was once known as "Little Scotland" due to the large number of Scottish workers who came to work in its steelworks. Corby has undergone regeneration with the opening of Corby railway station and Corby International Pool in 2009 and the Corby Cube in 2010. The Cube houses a 450-seat theatre, public library and other community amenities.
Melaleuca ordinifolia
Melaleuca ordinifolia is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae, and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.  It is closely related to Melaleuca brevifolia, but is smaller and differing mainly in its leaf features.

Melaleuca brevifolia
Melaleuca brevifolia, commonly known as mallee honey-myrtle, short-leaf honey-myrtle, or d'Alton's melaleuca is a shrub or tree in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae, and is native to western Victoria, south-eastern South Australia and the south-west of Western Australia. It is a shrub with rough, corky bark and a large number of heads of white to yellowish flowers on the previous season's growth. It is a moderately hardy garden plant.
1920 Nobel Prize in Literature
The 1920 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the Norwegian author Knut Hamsun (1859–1952) "for his monumental work, Growth of the Soil." He was the second Norwegian Nobel laureate in literature after Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson won in 1903.

1903 Nobel Prize in Literature
The 1903 Nobel Prize in Literature was the third prestigious literary prize based upon Alfred Nobel's will. It was awarded to the Norwegian poet and politician Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson (1832–1910) "as a tribute to his noble, magnificent and versatile poetry, which has always been distinguished by both the freshness of its inspiration and the rare purity of its spirit." The prize was announced in October 8, 1903 and was given in December 10, 1903 at Stockholm.
Kevin Koger
Kevin Jamaal Koger (born December 12, 1989) is an American football coach and former college tight end who is currently the tight ends coach for the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). He was a 2011 All-Big Ten honorable mention.  In 2012, Koger began working as a coach in Saline, Michigan. Just before signing day in February 2015, Koger joined Butch Jones’s staff at the University of Tennessee as a graduate assistant.

Butch Jones
Lyle Allen "Butch" Jones Jr. (born January 17, 1968) is an American football coach who is currently the head coach at Arkansas State University.  Jones previously served as a special assistant to the head coach and offensive analyst at the University of Alabama from 2018 to 2020, the head coach at the University of Tennessee from 2013 to 2017, the University of Cincinnati from 2010 to 2012, and Central Michigan University from 2007 to 2009. A Michigan native, he played college football at Ferris State University as a running back and wide receiver.
Upper Tanaro Valley
The Alta Val Tanaro (Àuta Val Tani in Piedmontese, Àta Val Tan in Monregalese dialect, Ota Vol Tōnō and Ota valada du Tane in the Ligurian variants of Ormea and Garessio) is a valley in the Ligurian Alps.

Ligurian Alps
The Ligurian Alps are a mountain range in northwestern Italy. A small part is located in France. They form the south-western extremity of the Alps, separated from the Apennines by the Colle di Cadibona. The Col de Tende and the Vermenagna valley separate them from the Maritime Alps. They form the border between Piedmont in the north and Liguria in the south.
Alderia modesta
Alderia modesta is a species of  sea slug, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Limapontiidae. It is found in estuarine habitats and saltmarshes on either side of the North Atlantic and the North Pacific Oceans.

Limapontiidae
Limapontiidae is a taxonomic family of small to minute sacoglossan sea slugs. These are marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusks.

These sea slugs resemble nudibranchs, but are not closely related to them. Most of the species are green because of the green algae they eat and live on.

In the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), the former family Stiligeridae is described as a synonym of the family Limapontiidae Gray, 1847, belonging to the superfamily Limapontioidea Jensen, 1996.

This family has no subfamilies.
PSLV Orbital Experiment Module
PSLV Orbital Experiment Platform (POEM) also known as PSLV Stage 4 Orbital Platform (PS4-OP) is an orbital micro-gravity test bed based on spent fourth stage of PSLV. By adding modular subsystems for power generation, communication and stabilization like photovoltaic cells, Telemetry and Telecommand (TT&C) package, attitude control system, data storage etc to the PSLV fourth stage, it can function as a satellite bus. This augmented stage can then host payloads for up to six months while in orbit, making it useful for qualifying components, gaining space heritage and conduct experiments in micro-gravity conditions. Usually the fourth stage of PSLV is discarded after deployment of satellite and remains in orbit for a significant duration in a passive state as a piece of space debris.

PSLV-C55
The PSLV-C55 was the 57th mission of Indian Space Research Organisation's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and the 16th flight of the PSLV-CA variant. It successfully delivered the TeLEOS-2 and Lumelite-4 payloads to their intended orbits.
Piano Quartet No. 2 (Mendelssohn)
Felix Mendelssohn's Piano Quartet No. 2 in F minor, Op. 2, for piano, violin, viola and cello was published in 1823, a year after his first Piano Quartet No. 1 in C minor, Op. 1. This work was dedicated to Carl Friedrich Zelter, who became Mendelssohn's composition and music tutor starting at the age of eight years old. Zelter would take Mendelssohn on trips to go see Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, who was also an important figure in Mendelssohn's life when it came to the composition of his earliest pieces between the years 1821-1825. Mendelssohn's three piano quartets were the first piano quartets he composed and published. He composed the second quartet at the age of only 14 years.

F minor
F minor is a minor scale based on F, consisting of the pitches F, G, A♭, B♭, C, D♭, and E♭. Its key signature consists of four flats. Its relative major is A-flat major and its parallel major is F major.
The F natural minor scale is

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The F harmonic minor and melodic minor scales are
Geology of Tennessee
The geology of Tennessee is as diverse as its landscapes. Politically, Tennessee is broken up into three Grand Divisions: East, Middle, and West Tennessee. Physically, Tennessee is also separated into three main types of landforms: river valley plain, highlands and basins, and mountains.

Coon Creek Formation
The Coon Creek Formation or Coon Creek Tongue is a geologic unit and Konservat-Lagerstätte located in western Tennessee and extreme northeast Mississippi. It is a sedimentary sandy marl deposit, Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) in age, about 70 million years old. The formation is renowned for its pristine fossils of Late Cretaceous marine invertebrates, including gastropods, bivalves, decapod crustaceans, and ammonites, particularly at Coon Creek in McNairy County, Tennessee, which the formation is named for. It is also known for producing fosslis of marine vertebrates, such as mosasaurs and plesiosaurs. Notable fossils from this formation is the gastropod Turritella, the bivalve Pterotrigonia thoracica (the state fossil of Tennessee), as well as other fossils such as crabs.

It is alternately considered its own geologic formation (as the Coon Creek Formation) or a distinct member of the wider Ripley Formation (as the Coon Creek Member or the Coon Creek Tongue).
2012 Skyrunner World Series
The 2012 Skyrunner World Series was the 11th edition of the global skyrunning competition, Skyrunner World Series, organised by the International Skyrunning Federation from 2002.

From this edition there is a new format: three different categories and four different champions including the overall champion.

Skyrunner World Series
The Skyrunner World Series is an annual international championship of skyrunning (high altitude endurance races) and the official International Skyrunning Federation (ISF) race circuit for mountain running. Each year the Skyrunner World Series presents a global Sky Racing calendar, attracting mountain running athletes from almost every country.
Julius Schniewind
Julius Schniewind (28 May 1883 - 7 September 1948) was a German evangelical (Lutheran) theologian.  He came to prominence in the 1930s as a leader of the Confessing Church ("Bekennende Kirche"), which can be seen as a movement within German Protestantism that arose during the Nazi years in opposition to government-sponsored efforts to unify all Protestant churches into a single pro-Nazi Protestant Reich Church.

End of World War II in Europe
The end of World War II in Europe occurred in May 1945. Following the suicide of Adolf Hitler on 30 April, leadership of Nazi Germany passed to Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz and the Flensburg Government. Soviet troops captured Berlin on 2 May, and a number of German military forces surrendered over the next few days. On 8 May, Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel signed the German Instrument of Surrender, an unconditional surrender to the Allies, in Karlshorst, Berlin. This is celebrated as Victory in Europe Day, while in Russia, 9 May is celebrated as Victory Day.

Some fighting continued after the German surrender. Some battles continued on the Eastern Front such as the Courland Pocket in western Latvia surrendering on 10 May, and the Prague offensive in Czechoslovakia ending on 11 May. On 25 May 1945, the Battle of Odžak ended in a Yugoslav Partisan victory. Following the conclusion in the European theatre, the war continued in the Pacific theatre.
French tacos
A French tacos (US: /ˈtɑːkoʊs/, UK: /ˈtækoʊs/; French: tacos français, [takos fʁɑ̃sɛ], or commonly tacos), Lyonese tacos (French: tacos lyonnais) or matelas (French for "mattress"), is a fast food dish which usually consists of a flour tortilla grilled and folded around a filling of French fries, cheese, and meat, among other deli ingredients.

Panini (sandwich)
Panini (/pəˈniːniː/), nowadays less commonly called panino (pronounced [pa'niːno]), are sandwiches made with Italian bread (such as ciabatta and michetta), usually served warm after grilling or toasting.

In many English-speaking countries, the name panini is given to a grilled sandwich made using various breads. The bread is cut horizontally and filled with deli ingredients, and often served warm after having been pressed by a warming grill.
David Fincher's unrealized projects
During his career, American film director David Fincher has worked on a number of projects which never progressed beyond the pre-production stage under his direction. Some of these projects fell in development hell, were officially canceled or would see life under a different production team.

Chuck Palahniuk
Charles Michael Palahniuk (/ˈpɔːlənɪk/;, Ukrainian pronunciation: [pɐlɐɦˈnʲuk], born February 21, 1962) is an American novelist who describes his work as transgressional fiction. He has published 19 novels, three nonfiction books, two graphic novels, and two adult coloring books, as well as several short stories. His first published novel was Fight Club, which was adapted into a film of the same title.
Burntisland (Parliament of Scotland constituency)
Burntisland in Fife was a royal burgh that returned one commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland and to the Convention of Estates.

After the Acts of Union 1707, Burntisland, Dysart, Kinghorn and Kirkcaldy formed the Dysart district of burghs, returning one member between them to the House of Commons of Great Britain.

Commissioner (Scottish Parliament)
A commissioner was a legislator appointed or elected to represent a royal burgh or shire in the Parliament of Scotland and the associated Convention of the Estates. Member of Parliament (MP) and Deputy are equivalent terms in other countries.

The Scottish Parliament (also known as the Three Estates) and the Convention of the Estates were unicameral legislatures, so commissioners sat alongside prelates (the first estate) and members of the nobility (the second estate).
Alice Pieszecki
Alice Elisabeth Pieszecki is a fictional bisexual character on the Showtime television network series The L Word, and the sequel series L Word: Generation Q, shown nationally in the United States. She is played by American actress Leisha Hailey.

Alice lives in Los Angeles, California, and mostly hangs out in West Hollywood. During the first seasons, she is often seen with her best friends, Shane McCutcheon (Katherine Moennig) and Dana Fairbanks (Erin Daniels). Further into the show, she befriends Helena Peabody (Rachel Shelley), and has romantic relationships with various recurrent lead characters, most notably Dana Fairbanks (Erin Daniels) and Tasha Williams (Rose Rollins). She was listed in AfterEllen.com's Top 50 Favorite Female TV Characters.

Erin Daniels
Erin Daniels (née Cohen) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Dana Fairbanks on The L Word (2004–2007). Her feature film work includes A Single Man (2009) and One Hour Photo (2002).
Gmina Czarnocin, Łódź Voivodeship
Gmina Czarnocin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the village of Czarnocin, which lies approximately 19 kilometres (12 mi) north of Piotrków Trybunalski and 28 km (17 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 72.74 square kilometres (28.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,073.

Piotrków County
Piotrków County (Polish: powiat piotrkowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Piotrków Trybunalski, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only towns in Piotrków County are Sulejów, which lies 15 km (9 mi) east of Piotrków Trybunalski, and Wolbórz (classed as a town since 1 January 2011).

The county covers an area of 1,429.12 square kilometres (551.8 sq mi). In 2006, its total population was 90,227, made up of 6,387 in Sulejów and a rural population of 83,840.
Feudal maintenance
Feudal maintenance under feudal systems of government, was the money payment to soldiers who fought in the interest and at the command of their lord.  Such soldiers comprised private armies, each with uniquely identifiable livery.  The system of feudal government under which maintenance was paid was most notably present in Europe during the late 15th century.

Lord
Lord is an appellation for a person or deity who has authority, control, or power over others, acting as a master, chief, or ruler. The appellation can also denote certain persons who hold a title of the peerage in the United Kingdom, or are entitled to courtesy titles. The collective "Lords" can refer to a group or body of peers.
Grimoldby
Grimoldby is a village and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England.  It is situated 4 miles (6 km) east from Louth.

Grimoldby Grade I listed Anglican church is dedicated to St Edith. It is of early Perpendicular style with embattled and crocketed aisles and clerestory, set with gargoyles.

In 1885 Kelly's Directory reported that the chief crops grown were wheat, barley, beans and oats, and that Grimoldby had three chapels, Wesleyan, Primitive Methodist and Free Methodist, and a National School.

Village amenities include a Co-op supermarket, Grimoldby Primary School, a nursery, an Italian restaurant and a cricket club. There is a public house, called The Manby Arms. Amenities also serve the adjoining village of Manby, which is 0.5 miles (0.8 km) to the south, separated from Grimoldby by the B1200.

Grimoldby used to have a railway station.

East Lindsey
East Lindsey is a local government district in Lincolnshire, England. Its council is based in Horncastle and the largest town is Skegness. Other towns include Alford, Burgh le Marsh, Coningsby, Louth, Mablethorpe, Spilsby, Sutton on Sea, Wainfleet All Saints, Wragby and Woodhall Spa. The district also covers a large rural area, including many smaller settlements.

The district lies on the east coast, bordering the North Sea. The north-west of the district includes part of the Lincolnshire Wolds, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The neighbouring districts are Boston, North Kesteven, West Lindsey and North East Lincolnshire.
US 281 Bridge at the Brazos River
US 281 Bridge at the Brazos River refers to two bridges located south of Mineral Wells, Texas. They carry U.S. Route 281 (US 281) across the Brazos River.

The original bridge built in 1939 was added to the National Register on October 10, 1996. In 2016, the Texas Department of Transportation constructed a second bridge east of the original bridge. The new bridge was used to carry traffic in both directions while rehabilitation was carried out on the original bridge. After the rehabilitation, the original bridge was reopened to southbound traffic, with the new bridge solely carrying northbound traffic.

U.S. Route 281 in Texas
U.S. Route 281 (US 281) is a United States Numbered Highway that runs from Brownsville near the Mexican border in the Rio Grande Valley to the Canadian border near Dunseith, North Dakota. In the state of Texas, the highway is a major south–north corridor, connecting Brownsville to the Oklahoma state line at the Red River in Burkburnett. Several segments of U.S. 281 are concurrent with Interstate routes, including I-69C in the Rio Grande Valley, I-37 in San Antonio, and I-44 north of Wichita Falls.
MahaRaja's Boys' High School
Maharaja's Boy's High School (M.R.B.H. School), Paralakhemundi was established in the year 1875 by the Hon'ble Maharaja of Paralakhemundi. M.R.B.H. School has a combined strength of about 80 teachers and other staff. It is one of the oldest and best schools of Odisha. This is a high school exclusively for boys.

Paralakhemundi
Paralakhemundi shortly known as Parala is district Headquarter of Gajapati district and one of the oldest Municipality established in 1885, in the Indian state of Odisha. The city and the district share its boundaries with Andhra Pradesh. The adjacent town of Pathpatnam is separated by the River Mahendra Tanaya. In later medieval period it became capital of Paralakhemundi Estate of Eastern Ganga dynasty kings of Khemundi Branch. The town is well known for being an ancient cultural center of Odisha and birthplace of noted personalities including poet Gopalakrusna Pattanayaka, statesman Krushna Chandra Gajapati Narayan Deo, lexicographer Gopinatha Nanda Sharma and historian Satyanarayana Rajguru. This town is also known for its century old temples, monasteries, palaces and heritage buildings. Odia is spoken language in the town and villages
Abdul Fatawu
Abdul Fatawu Issahaku (born 8 March 2004), commonly known as Abdul Fatawu, is a Ghanaian professional footballer who plays as a winger for EFL Championship club Leicester City and the Ghana national team.

2021 U-20 Africa Cup of Nations
The 2021 U-20 Africa Cup of Nations was the 16th edition (23rd edition if editions of the tournament without hosts are included), the biennial international youth football tournament organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF) for players aged 20 and below. In September 2018, it was decided that the tournament would be hosted by Mauritania. This would be the first edition of the Africa U-20 Cup of Nations to be expanded to 12 teams instead of eight. The top four teams of the tournament would have normally qualified for the 2021 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Indonesia as the CAF representatives. However, FIFA decided to cancel the tournament on 24 December 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The defending champions Mali failed to qualify. Ghana won their fourth title by defeating debutant Uganda in the final.