hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gromyko Commission
The Gromyko Commission, officially titled the State Commission for Consideration of Issues Raised in Applications of Citizens of the USSR from Among the Crimean Tatars (Russian: Государственная комиссия по рассмотрению вопросов, которые ставятся в обращениях граждан СССР из числа крымских татар) was the first state commission on the subject of addressing what the dubbed "the Tatar problem". Formed in July 1987 and led by Andrey Gromyko, it issued a conclusion in June 1988 rejecting all major demands of Crimean Tatar civil rights activists ranging from right of return to restoration of the Crimean ASSR.

Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic
The Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (UzSSR), also known as Soviet Uzbekistan, the Uzbek SSR, or simply Uzbekistan and rarely Uzbekia, was a union republic of the Soviet Union. It was governed by the Uzbek branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the legal political party, from 1925 until 1990. From 1990 to 1991, it was a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation.

Beginning 20 June 1990, the Uzbek SSR adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty within its borders. Islam Karimov became the republic's inaugural president.

On 31 August 1991, the Uzbek SSR was renamed the Republic of Uzbekistan and declared independence three months before the Soviet Union's dissolution on 26 December 1991.

Uzbekistan was bordered by Kazakhstan to the north; Tajikistan to the southeast; Kirghizia to the northeast; Afghanistan to the south; and Turkmenistan to the southwest.
Modena Volley
Modena Volley is a professional volleyball team based in Modena, Italy.  It has played in the highest level of the Italian Volleyball League without interruption since 1968. It is the most successful Italian club, having won both the national league and the national cup twelve times each. The club is one of the most prominent and prestigious in Europe too, having won thirteen European trophies including four CEV Champions League.

Angelo Lorenzetti
Angelo Lorenzetti (born (1964-05-11)11 May 1964 in Fano) is an Italian volleyball coach. He is the coach Italian Club Sir Safety Susa Perugia.

Lorenzetti former coach Italy u21 team, Padova, Verona, Piacenza and Modena. He firstly in Fano, before moving on to lead various junior and youth National Teams of Italy. He took charge of Trentino in the summer of 2016 , replacing Radostin Stoychev, leading the side to the silver medal in the 2017 European CEV Cup. Under his guidance, Trentino were also runners-up in last year's Italian League and Italian Cup.

After his successful coaching career in Trentino, he was introduced as new head coach of top volleyball club team Sir Safety Susa Perugia starting from 2023.
Ali Kasun
Ali Kasun (Arabic: علي كاسون), also known as Sheikh Ali Kassoun, is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Salamiyah District of the Hama Governorate. It is located 30 kilometers (19 mi) east of Hama and 22 kilometers (14 mi) north of Salamiyah in the al-A'la plateau.

According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ali Kasun had a population of 1,336 in the 2004 census. The village is named after a religious figure, Sheikh Ali Kasun, whose maqam (shrine) is located on a hilltop (650 meters (2,130 ft) above sea level) overlooking the village.

Hama
Hama (Arabic: حَمَاة Ḥamāh, [ħaˈmaː]) is a city on the banks of the Orontes River in west-central Syria. It is located 213 kilometres (132 mi) north of Damascus and 46 km (29 mi) north of Homs. It is the provincial capital of the Hama Governorate, which is the only Governorate with no land borders with any foreign countries. With a population of 996,000 (2023 census), Hama is one of the four largest cities in Syria, with Damascus, Aleppo and Homs. Hama is known for its cheese-making tradition, notably reflected in a signature local dessert Halawet el Jibn.

The city is renowned for its seventeen norias used for watering the gardens, which are claimed to date back to 1100 BC. Though historically used for irrigation, the norias are used purely for show today and currently serve no direct purpose, being used as a tourist attraction and a symbol of the city, also this city is popular in protest during the assad regime (ex: Yalla Erhal Ya Bashar (song)
Yakov Zeldovich
Yakov Borisovich Zeldovich ForMemRS (Russian: Я́ков Бори́сович Зельдо́вич, Belarusian: Я́каў Бары́савіч Зяльдо́віч; 8 March 1914 – 2 December 1987), also known as YaB, D.S. was a leading Soviet physicist of Belarusian origin, who is known for his prolific contributions in physical cosmology, physics of thermonuclear reactions, combustion, and hydrodynamical phenomena.

From 1943, Zeldovich, a self-taught physicist, started his career by playing a crucial role in the development of the former Soviet program of nuclear weapons. In 1963, he returned to academia to embark on pioneering contributions on the fundamental understanding of the thermodynamics of black holes and expanding the scope of physical cosmology.

Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics
The Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics (IPCP) (Russian: Институт проблем химической физики РАН) of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) consists of 10 scientific departments and about 100 laboratories each one held by an independent research groups.

IPCP was established in 1956 as branch of the Moscow Institute of Chemical Physics.
Hořovice
Hořovice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈɦor̝ovɪtsɛ]; German: Horschowitz, Horowitz) is a town in Beroun District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 8,100 inhabitants. The town is known for the Hořovice Castle.

Central Bohemian Region
The Central Bohemian Region (Czech: Středočeský kraj [ˈstr̝̊ɛdotʃɛskiː ˈkraj]; German: Mittelböhmische Region) is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the central part of its historical region of Bohemia. Its administrative centre is in the Czech capital Prague, which lies in the centre of the region. However, the city is not part of it but is a region of its own.

The Central Bohemian Region is in the centre of Bohemia. In terms of area, it is the largest region in the Czech Republic, with 11,014 km2, almost 14% of the total area of the country. It surrounds the country's capital, Prague, and borders Liberec Region (in the north), Hradec Králové Region (northeast), Pardubice Region (east), Vysočina Region (southeast), South Bohemian Region (south), Plzeň Region (west) and Ústí nad Labem Region (northwest).
Sela Pass
The Sela Pass (Tibetan: གཟེ་ལ།) (more appropriately called Se La, as La means Pass in Tibetan language) is a high-altitude mountain pass located on the border between the Tawang and West Kameng districts in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. It has an elevation of 4170 m (13,700 ft) and connects the Indian Buddhist town of Tawang to Dirang and Guwahati.  The pass carries the National Highway 13 (previously NH 229), connecting Tawang with the rest of India. The pass supports scarce amounts of vegetation and is usually snow-covered to some extent throughout the year. Sela Lake, near the summit of the pass, is one of approximately 101 lakes in the area that are sacred in Tibetan Buddhism. While Sela Pass does get heavy snowfall in winters, it is usually open throughout the year unless landslides or snow require the pass to be shut down temporarily. Sela pass is one of the highest motorable mountain passes in the world

National Highway 13 (India)
National Highway 13 (NH 13), part of the larger Trans-Arunachal Highway network, is a 1,559 km long two-lane national highway across Arunachal Pradesh in India running from Tawang in northwest to Wakro in southeast. Entire route became operational in 2018 when 6.2 km long Dibang River Bridge was completed across Dibang River. Sela Tunnel, a shorter alternative route with target completion by Jan/Feb 2022, will provide all-weather connectivity. Before the renumbering of highways, it was known as NH 229 and NH52. This strategically important highway enhances Indian military's capabilities in combating the threat of China's Western Theater Command opposite India's eastern sector of Line of Actual Control.
Península de Setúbal VR
Península de Setúbal, until 2009 named Terras do Sado, is a Portuguese wine region covering Península de Setúbal and most of the Sado River region. The area is classified as a Vinho Regional (VR), a designation similar to a French vin de pays region. With the Setúbal DOC to the northwest and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the region is almost completely surrounded by the Alentejo VR.

In 2009, the region was renamed from Terras do Sado to Península de Setúbal, to associate the region's name with the name of its internationally most well-known subregion, Setúbal.

Portuguese wine
Portuguese wine was mostly introduced by the Romans and other ancient Mediterranean peoples who traded with local coastal populations, mainly in the South. In pre-Roman Gallaecia-Lusitania times, the native peoples only drank beer and were unfamiliar with wine production. Portugal started to export its wines to Rome during the Roman Empire. Modern exports developed with trade to England after the Methuen Treaty in 1703. From this commerce a wide variety of wines started to be grown in Portugal. In 1758, one of the first wine-producing regions of the world, the Região Demarcada do Douro was created under the orientation of Marquis of Pombal, in the Douro Valley. Portugal has two wine-producing regions protected by UNESCO as World Heritage: the Douro Valley Wine Region (Douro Vinhateiro) and Pico Island Wine Region (Ilha do Pico Vinhateira). Portugal has a big variety of local kinds, producing a very wide variety of different wines with distinctive personality.
Tooting Bec Lido
51°25′54″N 0°8′21″W﻿ / ﻿51.43167°N 0.13917°W﻿ / 51.43167; -0.13917

Tooting Bec Lido is an open-air fresh water swimming pool in South London. It is the largest fresh water swimming pool by surface area in the United Kingdom, being 100 yd (91.4 m) long and 33 yd (30.2 m) wide.

The lido (swimming pool) is on Tooting Bec Common between Tooting and Streatham.  An original condition of construction was that it should be concealed from views across the common by a surrounding earth ramp.  This ramp is now largely covered with bird-filled trees, except where it is breached by the new entrance.

The alternating bright red, yellow, and green doors of the changing cubicles seen above the turquoise water make the Lido a popular location for advertisement "shoots" and other filming. Brad Pitt's boxing "pool" scene in Snatch was filmed at the Lido.

The Lido is operated and maintained by the London Borough of Wandsworth.

Snatch (film)
Snatch is a 2000 British crime comedy film written and directed by Guy Ritchie, featuring an ensemble cast and set in the London criminal underworld. The film contains two intertwined plots: one following the search for a stolen diamond, and the other focusing on a small-time boxing promoter (Jason Statham) who becomes embroiled with a ruthless gangster (Alan Ford) willing to carry out severe and sadistic acts of violence.

The film shares themes and stylistic elements with Ritchie's first feature, Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels, and includes many of the same actors. It is noted for its fast-paced editing, ensemble storytelling, and dark comedic tone.
Rail transport in Denmark
The rail transport system in Denmark consists of 2,633 km (1,636 mi) of railway lines, of which the Copenhagen S-train network, the main line Helsingør-Copenhagen-Padborg (at the German border), and the Lunderskov-Esbjerg line are electrified. Most traffic is passenger trains, although there is considerable transit goods traffic between Sweden and Germany.

Maintenance work on most Danish railway lines is done by Banedanmark, a state-owned company that also allocates tracks for train operators. The majority of passenger trains are operated by DSB, with Arriva and Nordjyske Jernbaner and Midtjyske Jernbaner operating on some lines in Jutland. Goods transport is mainly performed by DB Schenker Rail, although other operators take care of a significant portion of the non-transit traffic.

Denmark is a member of the International Union of Railways (UIC). The UIC Country Code for Denmark is 86.

CityNightLine
CityNightLine AG (timetable and platform sign abbreviation: CNL) was a Swiss night train service. CNL had right of passage grants in Germany, the Netherlands, Austria, Switzerland and Denmark. It served stations in Belgium, France, Italy and the Czech Republic.
Swan River Press
Swan River Press is an independent Irish publishing company dedicated to gothic, supernatural, and fantastic literature. It was founded in Rathmines, Dublin in October 2003 by Brian J. Showers. Swan River publishes contemporary fiction from around the world with an emphasis on Ireland's past and present contributions to the genre. They also issue the non-fiction journal The Green Book: Writings on Irish Gothic, Supernatural and Fantastic Literature, and sporadically organise the Dublin Ghost Story Festival.

The company name comes from the subterranean waterway which flows through the neighbourhood of Rathmines in Dublin and the logo was created by Duane Spurlock from the image of the keystone on the entrance of the Rathmines Town Hall.

The House on the Borderland
The House on the Borderland (1908) is a supernatural horror novel by British fantasist William Hope Hodgson. The novel is a hallucinatory account of a recluse's stay at a remote house, and his experiences of supernatural creatures and otherworldly dimensions.

On encountering Hodgson's novels in 1934, American horror writer H. P. Lovecraft praised The House on the Borderland and other works by Hodgson at length. Terry Pratchett has called the novel "the Big Bang in my private universe as a science fiction and fantasy reader and, later, writer".
2007 Vietnamese Cup
The 2007 Vietnamese Cup (known as the Bamboo Airways National Cup for sponsorship reasons) season was the 15th edition of the Vietnamese National Cup, the football knockout tournament of Vietnam organized by the Vietnam Football Federation.

Vietnamese National Football Cup
Vietnamese National Football Cup (Vietnamese: Giải Bóng đá Cúp Quốc Gia Việt Nam), officially stylized as the National Cup (Vietnamese: Cúp Quốc gia), is a Vietnamese football competition. It is one of the most important club competitions in Vietnam.

The Vietnamese Cup was first held in 1992. Cảng Sài Gòn was the first cup winner.
Radhamitra
Radhamitra (Rādhāmitra), or Radhamita, was a king of Kosambi, the capital of one of the previously independent Indian Mahajanapadas known before as Vatsa. He was part of the Mitra dynasty, and was likely one of the earliest kings in the dynasty.

It is likely that the Mitra dynasty started its independent rule in Vatsa after the Maurya Empire fragmented into many smaller states, or with the following weakening of the succeeding Shunga Empire.

Like with most other kings of the Mitra dynasty of Kosambi his name ends with mitra.

Kosambi
Kosambi (Pali) or Kaushambi (Sanskrit) was an ancient city in India, characterized by its importance as a trading center along the Ganges Plain and its status as the capital of the Vatsa Kingdom, one of the sixteen mahajanapadas. It was located on the Yamuna River about 56 kilometres (35 mi) southwest of its confluence with the Ganges at Prayaga (modern Prayagraj), which made it a powerful center for trade and beneficial for the Vatsa Kingdom.
String Quartet No. 14 (Mozart)
The String Quartet No. 14 in G major, K. 387, nicknamed the "Spring" quartet, was composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1782 in Vienna. In the composer's inscription on the title page of the autograph score is stated: li 31 di decembre 1782 in vienna. The work was perhaps edited in 1783. This is the first of the Haydn Quartets, a set of six string quartets he wrote during his first few years in Vienna and dedicated to Joseph Haydn.

Köchel catalogue
The Köchel catalogue (German: Köchel-Verzeichnis) is a catalogue of compositions by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, originally created by Ludwig Ritter von Köchel, in which the entries are abbreviated K. or KV. Its numbers reflect the ongoing task of compiling the chronology of Mozart's works, and provide a shorthand reference to the compositions. For example, according to Köchel's counting, Requiem in D minor is the 626th piece Mozart composed, thus is designated K. 626.

Köchel's original catalogue (1862) has been revised several times. Catalogue numbers from these revised editions are indicated either by parentheses or by superscript: K. 49 (47d) or K.6 47d refers to the work numbered 47d in the sixth edition. The catalog was originally chronological, though revisions made chronological ordering of Mozart's works difficult and as of 2024 a new organizational system is used for the ninth version.
Ondřej Šmach
Ondřej Šmach (born July 21, 1986) is a Czech professional ice hockey defenceman. He is currently playing for HC Nové Zámky of the Tipsport Liga.

Šmach has also played in the Czech Extraliga for HC Znojemští Orli, Vsetínská hokejová, HC Kladno and HC Karlovy Vary.

HC Nové Zámky
HC Nové Zámky is a professional ice hockey team playing in the Slovenská hokejová liga, the second-level league in Slovakia. The team is based in the town of Nové Zámky, Slovakia at Nové Zámky Ice Stadium. The team is nicknamed Býci, meaning "Bulls" in English.
Beecher (surname)
Beecher is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Beecher family, prominent New England family, consisting of:
Lyman Beecher, American clergyman, father of:
Catharine Beecher, educator
Charles Beecher, minister
Edward Beecher, theologian
Harriet Beecher Stowe, abolitionist and novelist
Henry Ward Beecher, clergyman
Isabella Beecher Hooker, leader in the women's suffrage movement

Charles Emerson Beecher (1856–1904), American paleontologist

Franny Beecher (1921–2014), guitarist for Bill Haley and His Comets

George A. Beecher (1868–1951), American religious leader from Nebraska

Gordon Beecher, American composer

Henry K. Beecher, physician

John Beecher (disambiguation)

Philemon Beecher, American politician from Ohio

Franny Beecher
Francis Eugene Beecher (September 29, 1921 – February 24, 2014) was the lead guitarist for Bill Haley & His Comets from 1954 to 1962, and is best remembered for his innovative guitar solos that incorporated elements of jazz. He composed the classics "Blue Comet Blues", "Goofin' Around", "Week End", "The Catwalk", and "Shaky" when he was the lead guitarist for Bill Haley and the Comets. He continued to perform with surviving members of the Comets into 2006. In 2012, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inducted Beecher as a member of the Comets by a special committee, aimed at correcting the previous mistake of not inducting the Comets with Bill Haley.
Aroresa
Aroresa is a woreda in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. Located at the eastern tip of the Sidama Zone that extends into the Oromia Region like a peninsula, Aroresa is bordered on the south and southeast by that Region, on the northwest by Bensa, and on the north by Chere. The major town in Aroresa is Mejo. Chere woreda was separated from Aroresa.

According to a 2004 report, Aroresa had 20 kilometers of all-weather roads and no kilometers of dry-weather roads, for an average road density of 23 kilometers per 1000 square kilometers.

Districts of Ethiopia
Districts of Ethiopia, also called woredas (Amharic: ወረዳ; Oromo: woreda), are the third level of the administrative divisions of Ethiopia – after zones and the regional states.

These districts are further subdivided into a number of wards called kebele neighbourhood associations, which are the smallest unit of local government in Ethiopia.
SPL: Sha Po Lang
SPL: Sha Po Lang (Chinese: 殺破狼, released in the United States as Kill Zone) is a 2005 Hong Kong action film directed by Wilson Yip and written by Yip, Szeto Kam-Yuen and Jack Ng. It stars Donnie Yen, Sammo Hung, Simon Yam, and Wu Jing. The film was released theatrically in Hong Kong on 18 November 2005.

Yam portrays a police detective who, suffering from cancer and about to retire, resorts to illegal means in order to catch a ruthless triad boss. The title Sha Po Lang refers to three words derived from Chinese astrology that each represent a different star capable of good or evil depending on their position in the heavens.

Chinese astrology
Chinese astrology is based on traditional Chinese astronomy and the Chinese calendar. Chinese astrology flourished during the Han dynasty (2nd century BC to 2nd century AD).

Chinese astrology has a close relation with Chinese philosophy (theory of the three harmonies: heaven, earth, and human), and uses the principles of yin and yang, wuxing (five phases), the ten Heavenly Stems, the twelve Earthly Branches, the lunisolar calendar (moon calendar and sun calendar), and the time calculation after year, month, day, and shichen (時辰, double hour). These concepts are not readily found or familiar in Western astrology or culture.
Islamist insurgency in Niger
Since 2015, the border area between Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger has been a hotbed for jihadist forces originating from Mali. The insurgency has taken place in two distinct regions of Niger. In southwest, the Islamic State in the Greater Sahara and the Nusrat al-Islam have carried out attacks in the tri-border area with Burkina Faso and Mali. Meanwhile, in the southeast, the Islamic State in the West African Province has established control in parts of southern Niger.

Weak governance in the Sahel has been attributed the expansion of violent extremism in the region. The region's stability has been significantly impacted by frequent transfers of power, exemplified by Niger experiencing a failed attempted coup in 2021 and a successful coup in 2023.

2021 Nigerien coup attempt
The 2021 Nigerien coup d'etat attempt occurred on 31 March at around 3 am WAT (2 am UTC) after gunfire erupted in the streets of Niamey, the capital of Niger, two days before the inauguration of president-elect Mohamed Bazoum.

The coup attempt was staged by elements within the military, and was attributed to an Air Force unit based in the area of the Niamey Airport. The alleged leader of the plot was Captain Sani Saley Gourouza, who was in charge of security at the unit's base. After the coup attempt was foiled, the perpetrators were arrested.
Andrew Lancel
Andrew Lancel (born Andrew Watkinson) is an English television and theatre actor, producer and director. He is best known for his appearance as Dr. Andrew Collin in Cardiac Arrest, his role as DI Neil Manson in The Bill and Frank Foster in the long-running ITV soap opera Coronation Street, as well as his portrayal of Brian Epstein in the stage play Epstein – The Man Who Made The Beatles.

Bill Kenwright
William Kenwright (4 September 1945 – 23 October 2023) was an English theatre and film producer. He was also the chairman of Everton Football Club for nearly two decades, from 2004 until his death in 2023.
Ijaz Khan (cricketer)
Ijaz Hussain Khan (9 November 1938 — 27 June 2019), known as Jahaz Khan, was a Pakistani former first-class cricketer who played for Lahore and Pakistan Railways between 1961/62 and 1973/74. Khan was described as ‘the finest off-break bowler, I faced in my entire career’ by his cousin Majid Khan, who was the leading Pakistan batsman of his era.

Ijaz Khan could not convince the BCCP selectors in the 1960s, for national recognition. Instead it was his rivals, Haseeb Ahsan, Afaq Hussain, Salahuddin and his Railways colleague, Mohammad Nazir Jr who got the nod. He was employed with the Pakistan Railways from 1958 to 1980.

Pakistan Railways cricket team
Pakistan Railways (usually known simply as Railways) were a Pakistani first-class cricket side who played in the Patron's Trophy and Quaid-i-Azam Trophy from 1953-54 to 1995–96. They were based in the city of Lahore and sponsored by Pakistan Railways.