hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Topographic steering
In fluid mechanics, topographic steering is the effect of potential vorticity conservation on the motion of a fluid parcel. This means that the fluid parcels will not only react to physical obstacles in their path, but also to changes in topography or latitude. The two types of 'fluids' where topographic steering is mainly observed in daily life are air (air can be considered a compressible fluid in fluid mechanics) and water in respectively the atmosphere and the oceans. Examples of topographic steering can be found in, among other things, paths of low pressure systems and oceanic currents.

In 1869, Kelvin published his circulation theorem, which states that a barotropic, ideal fluid with conservative body forces conserves the circulation around a closed loop. To generalise this, Bjerknes published his own circulation theorem in 1898. Bjerknes extended the concept to inviscid, geostrophic and baroclinic fluids, resulting in addition of terms in the equation.

Vilhelm Bjerknes
Vilhelm Friman Koren Bjerknes (/ˈbjɜːrknɪs/ BYURK-niss, Norwegian: [ˈʋɪlˌhɛlm ˈbjæɾknɛs]; 14 March 1862 – 9 April 1951) was a Norwegian geophysicist and meteorologist who did much to lay the foundation of the modern practice of weather forecasting. He formulated the primitive equations that are still in use in numerical weather prediction and climate modeling. He founded the so-called Bergen School of Meteorology, which was successful in advancing weather prediction and meteorology in the early 20th century.
El Parterre
El Parterre is a landscaped park in Aguadilla, Puerto Rico, that was built in 1851. The park encloses the Ojo de Agua (lit. 'water eye', Spanish for 'spring' or 'water source'), also referred to as Manantial Ojo de Agua, a natural spring which was a source of water for Spanish soldiers, and the source of a small rivulet locally called Chico River ('little river') which empties into the Aguadilla Bay.

The park is located in downtown Aguadilla and, in addition to the Ojo de Agua, it commemorates historic figures from the history of Aguadilla such as poet José de Diego.

Puerto Rican Spanish
Puerto Rican Spanish is the variety of the Spanish language as characteristically spoken in Puerto Rico and by millions of people of Puerto Rican descent living in the United States and elsewhere. It belongs to the group of Caribbean Spanish variants and, as such, is largely derived from Canarian Spanish and Andalusian Spanish. Outside of Puerto Rico, the Puerto Rican accent of Spanish is also commonly heard in the U.S. Virgin Islands and many U.S. mainland cities like Orlando, New York City, Philadelphia, Miami, Tampa, Boston, Cleveland, and Chicago, among others. However, not all stateside Puerto Ricans have knowledge of Spanish. Opposite to island-born Puerto Ricans who primarily speak Spanish, many stateside-born Puerto Ricans primarily speak English, although many stateside Puerto Ricans are fluent in Spanish and English, and often alternate between the two languages.
Miss Indiana
The Miss Indiana competition is the pageant that selects the representative for the state of Indiana in the Miss America Pageant.

Kinley Shoemaker of Franklin was crowned Miss Indiana 2025 on June 21, 2025, at STAR Bank Performing Arts Center in Zionsville. She competed for the title of Miss America 2026 in September 2025.

Zionsville, Indiana
Zionsville is a suburban town located in the southeast area of Boone County, Indiana, United States, northwest of Indianapolis. The population was 14,160 at the 2010 census and 30,693 at the 2020 census.

Zionsville promotes itself as a tourist attraction, centered on its village-styled downtown area. This area consists primarily of Main Street, paved entirely in brick, which is lined with small retail stores and restaurants.
Vykuntapuram
Vykuntapuram, also spelled as Vaikuntapuram, is a village in Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Amaravathi mandal of Guntur revenue division. The village forms a part of Andhra Pradesh Capital Region, under the jurisdiction of APCRDA.

Guntur revenue division
Guntur revenue division is an administrative division in the Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It comprises 10 mandals and is one of the two revenue divisions in the district, along with Tenali. Guntur serves as the headquarters of the division.
David Bulova
David L. Bulova (born May 6, 1969) is an American politician of the Democratic Party. Since 2006 he has been a member of the Virginia House of Delegates. He currently represents the 11th district, including the city of Fairfax and part of Fairfax County. He is the son of former Fairfax County Board of Supervisors chairman Sharon Bulova.

Bulova has been tapped by Governor-elect Abigail Spanberger to act as her administration's secretary of natural resources.

Virginia's 11th House of Delegates district
Virginia's 11th House of Delegates district elects one of the 100 members of the Virginia House of Delegates. Located in northern Virginia, District 11 includes the city of Fairfax and parts of Fairfax County. District 11 is represented by Democrat Gretchen Bulova.
Anne-Marie Garat
Anne-Marie Garat (9 October 1946 – 26 July 2022) was a French novelist. She won the Prix Femina for her novel Aden in 1992 and the Prix Marguerite-Audoux for her novel Les mal famées.

Studying literature in Bordeaux, she then obtained a DEA in cinema at the université de Paris I. She lived in Paris, where she taught cinema and photography. Jack Lang then commissioned her to teach cinema at the école.

She published several novels, psychological in nature and with major female characters. They are set in various eras of the 20th century (e.g. the 1910s for Dans la main du diable, the Second World War for Les mal famées).

Following Dans la main du diable set before World War I in 1914, Anne-Marie Garat pursued in 2008, with L'enfant des ténèbres, her epic depiction of the 20th century, bringing up the period of 1930s and the rise of the totalitarian dictatorships.

Jack Lang (French politician)
Jack Mathieu Émile Lang (French: [dʒak matjø emil lɑ̃ɡ]; born 2 September 1939) is a French politician. A member of the Socialist Party, he served as Minister of Culture from 1981 to 1986 and again from 1988 to 1993, as well as Minister of National Education from 1992 to 1993 and 2000 to 2002.

He was also Mayor of Blois from 1989 until his resignation in 2000. Lang is best known for originating the Fête de la Musique in 1982 as Culture Minister, an all-day public music festival which occurs yearly on 21 June in France and throughout the world. He was president of the Arab World Institute in Paris from 2013 until his resignation in 2026 following the revelations of the Epstein files concerning his close relationship with financier and child sex offender Jeffrey Epstein.
Konak Belediyespor
Konak Belediyespor Women's Football (Turkish: Konak Belediyespor Bayan Futbol Takımı) is a professional  women's football team of the Turkish multi-sport club Konak Belediyespor based in Konak district of İzmir, Turkey. The team was established by the district municipality in 2006.

Many players of the Konak Belediyespor women's team are members of the Turkey women's national football team. The club also maintains the girls under-17 and under-15 football teams.

Konak, İzmir
Konak is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 24 km2, and its population is 332,277 (2022). It is the most densely populated of the thirty districts of İzmir, and has historically acted as the administrative and economic core of the city. Situated in an area that roughly corresponds to the geographic center of İzmir, Konak extends for 11.4 kilometres (7 miles) along the southern coastline of the Gulf of İzmir. Konak district area neighbors the district areas of Bornova to the east, Balçova to the west and Buca and Karabağlar to the south. Konak center is connected to other districts of İzmir and beyond by a dense network of roads and railroads, as well as by a subway line currently being largely extended and by ferry services to Karşıyaka. Konak is a very active hub of industry, trade, commerce and services, with the number of companies exceeding sixty thousand and its exports nearing two billion US dollars in 2006.
Fira OS
Fira OS is a Linux-based mobile operating system and software platform developed by Fira, a subsidiary of Indonesian electronic giant Polytron (member of Djarum Group). Introduced on January 28, 2016, it was forked from Android and installed on newer Polytron smartphones since 2016.

Djarum
PT Djarum (Indonesian pronunciation: [ˈdʒarʊm]) is an Indonesian cigarette manufacturer and conglomerate based in Kudus, Central Java. It produces dozens of domestic and international brands, mainly kretek (clove cigarette). Djarum Black, Super, and L.A. Lights are among the most popular products of Djarum. Under its direct parent, PT Dwimuria Investama Andalan (also known as Djarum Group), it has non-cigarette business lines in technology, banking, and food.

The company owns the PB Djarum, a professional badminton club, the Italian football club Como, and was the main sponsor of Indonesia's top football league, including the Divisi Utama from 2005 to 2008 and Indonesia Super League (ISL), from 2008 to 2011.
Reddy Ice
Reddy Ice (stylized ReddyIce) is the largest packaged ice manufacturer in the United States, serving approximately 82,000 customer locations under the Reddy Ice brand name.

It was originally formed in 1972 as a division of the Southland Corporation (the parent company of 7-Eleven), who sold it off to what would become Suiza Foods in 1988. It was sold to private investors in 2000 and went public on the New York Stock Exchange in 2005.

The company declared Chapter 11 bankruptcy in April 2012, in Dallas, citing $434 million in assets against $531 million in liabilities. Centerbridge Partners invested and assumed control of Reddy Ice. Stone Canyon Industries Holdings LLC, purchased Reddy Ice in July 2019 from Centerbridge Partners.

On January 16, 2013, their CEO Gilbert Cassagne resigned, the position was taken over by Bill Corbin, who was named board chairman in November. Deb Conklin was CEO from July 2019 to December 2022. In January 2023, Lonny Warner was named CEO.

Fast-moving consumer goods
Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) are products that are sold quickly and at a relatively low cost. Examples include non-durable household goods such as packaged foods, beverages, toiletries, candies, cosmetics, over-the-counter drugs, dry goods, and other consumables.

Fast-moving consumer goods have a high inventory turnover and are contrasted with specialty items, which have lower sales and higher inventory holding costs. Many retailers carry only FMCGs, particularly hypermarkets, big box stores, and warehouse club stores. Small convenience stores also stock fast-moving goods; the limited shelf space is filled with higher-turnover items.
The Vanderbeekers of 141st Street
The Vanderbeekers of 141st Street is a children's novel by Karina Yan Glaser published in 2017. It was Glaser's debut novel and is the first novel in a series of seven about a large mixed-race family living in Harlem and their friends, neighbors and extended family. In this novel, the family must find a way to stay in their beloved brownstone apartment after their landlord declines to renew their lease.

The novel has been noted for its similarity to other series about large families in urban settings, including Elizabeth Enright's Melendy family books and Sydney Taylor's All-of-a-Kind Family series, as well as Jeanne Birdsall's The Penderwicks series. The book was listed as one of The New York Times Book Review's notable children's books for 2017.

Sydney Taylor
Sydney Taylor (October 30, 1904 – February 12, 1978) was an American writer, known for her series of children's books about a Jewish-American family in New York during the early 20th century. Her first book won the Charles W. Follett Award in children's literature.
Our Lady of the Mountain
The image of Our Lady of the Mountain originated in Colombia and the region of the Cauca Valley in particular, where the city of Guadalajara de Buga is located. This Acheiropoita is a well known figure that has been officially recognized by the Roman Catholic Church. The image has been called with different names since then by the Hispanic people, initially known as Our Lady of the Rosary, and even also as Our lady of the Favor (Nuestra Senora de la Merced). This Virgin has strong links to the Native Andean people and with well known Spanish Marian images. At present it is venerated with the name of Our lady of the Remedies, a name given by the Mercedarian friars after a Virgin of the Cantabric region in Spain. It is linked to the advocation of Our Lady of the Remedies (Nuestra Señora de los Remedios).

Buga, Valle del Cauca
Buga (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbuɣa]), formally Guadalajara de Buga, is a city and municipality in the Valle del Cauca Department of Colombia.  It is famous for its Basilica del Señor de los Milagros, which houses an image of Christ called el Señor de los Milagros ("the Lord of the Miracles").

Buga is a city with a cattle industry. It is located 46 mi (74 km) from Cali.
Wakamiya Ōji
Wakamiya Ōji (若宮大路) is a 1.8 km street in Kamakura, a city in Kanagawa Prefecture in Japan, unusual because it is at the same time the city's main avenue and the approach (sandō (参道)) of its largest Shinto shrine, Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū. Over the centuries, Wakamiya Ōji has gone thorough an extreme change. A heavily trafficked road today, it used to be, to the contrary, off limits to most people as a sacred space. At the time of the Kamakura shogunate it was an essential part of the city's religious life, and as such it hosted many ceremonies and was rich with symbolism. Since its construction, Wakamiya Ōji has been the backbone of the city's street planning and the center of its cultural life. The street has been declared a Historic Site and was chosen as one of the best 100 streets in Japan.

Sandō
A sandō (参道, visiting path) in Japanese architecture is the road approaching either a Shinto shrine or a Buddhist temple. Its point of origin is usually straddled in the first case by a Shinto torii, in the second by a Buddhist sanmon, gates which mark the beginning of the shrine's or temple territory. The word dō (道) can refer both to a path or road, and to the path of one's life's efforts. There can also be stone lanterns and other decorations at any point along its course.

A sandō can be called a front sandō (表参道, omote-sandō), if it is the main entrance, or a rear sandō (裏参道, ura-sandō) if it is a secondary point of entrance, especially to the rear; side sandō (脇参道, waki-sandō) are also sometimes found. The famous Omotesandō district in Tokyo, for example, takes its name from the nearby main access path to Meiji Shrine where an ura-sandō also used to exist.
The Woman with the Alabaster Jar
The Woman with the Alabaster Jar: Mary Magdalene and the Holy Grail is a book written by Margaret Starbird in 1993, claiming Jesus Christ and Mary Magdalene were married, and that Mary Magdalene was the Holy Grail.

Margaret Starbird developed the hypothesis that Saint Sarah was the daughter of Jesus and Mary Magdalene and that this was the source of the legend associated with the cult at Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer. She stated (correctly) that the name "Sarah" means "Princess" in Hebrew, thus (supposedly) making her the forgotten child of the "sang réal", the blood royal of the King of the Jews.

The book is mentioned in the 2003 novel The Da Vinci Code, an international bestseller by Dan Brown; both books made use of the blood royal theory from the 1982 book The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail by Michael Baigent, Richard Leigh, and Henry Lincoln.

The book has been criticised for containing theories based on medieval lore and art, rather than on historical treatment of the Bible.

Saint Sarah
Saint Sarah, also known as Sara-la-Kâli ("Sara the Black"; Romani: Sara e Kali), is the patron saint of the Romani people in Folk Catholicism. The center of her veneration is Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer, a place of pilgrimage for Roma in the Camargue, in Southern France. Legend identifies her as the servant of one of the Three Marys, with whom she is supposed to have arrived in the Camargue. Saint Sarah also shares her name with the Hindu goddess Kali who is a popular deity in northern India from where the Romani people originate. The name "Sara" itself is seen in the appellation of Durga as Kali in the famed text Durgasaptashati. Despite her popular veneration amongst Romani Catholics, she is not considered a Saint by the Roman Catholic Church.
Barren Creek (Bear Creek tributary)
Barren Creek is a stream in Polk County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of Bear Creek.

The stream headwaters are just west of Missouri Route 13 northwest of Bolivar at 37°37′54″N 93°28′19″W﻿ / ﻿37.63167°N 93.47194°W﻿ / 37.63167; -93.47194. The stream flows southwest crossing under Missouri Route 32 and Missouri Route 123 to the east and south of Fair Play. The stream flows into the north side of Bear Creek 1.5 miles south of Fair Play at 37°36′31″N 93°34′29″W﻿ / ﻿37.60861°N 93.57472°W﻿ / 37.60861; -93.57472.

Barren Creek was named after Kentucky's Barren River.

Polk County, Missouri
Polk County is a county located in the southwestern portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 31,519. The county seat is Bolivar. The county was organized January 5, 1835, and is named for Ezekiel Polk. Polk County is part of the Springfield metropolitan area.
Joseph Klein (figure skater)
Joseph Klein (born September 30, 2004) is an American figure skater. He is a member of the Skokie Valley Skating Club. Klein is the 2024 Philadelphia Summer Championship bronze medalist, and also the 2021 U.S. Championship silver medalist at the junior level.

Philadelphia Summer Championships
The Philadelphia Summer Championships are an annual figure skating competition sponsored by the IceWorks Skating Club in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In 2015 and 2017, it was included on the International Skating Union's official calendar. Medals may be awarded in men's and women's singles.

The 2024 Philadelphia Summer Championships took place July 31st, 2024, through August 4th.
Louis Iribarne
Louis Michael Iribarne (September 1940 - 5 December 2020) was a Canadian translator of Polish into English. He translated works by Witold Gombrowicz, Stanisław Lem, Czesław Miłosz, Bruno Schulz, and Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz.

He also taught Polish and Russian literature at the University of Toronto, retiring in 1998.

Witold Gombrowicz
Witold Marian Gombrowicz (August 4, 1904 – July 24, 1969) was a Polish writer and playwright. His works are characterised by deep psychological analysis, a certain sense of paradox and absurd, anti-nationalist flavor. In 1937, he published his first novel, Ferdydurke, which presented many of his usual themes: problems of immaturity and youth, creation of identity in interactions with others, and an ironic, critical examination of class roles in Polish society and culture.

He gained fame only during the last years of his life, but is now considered one of the foremost figures of Polish literature. His diaries were published in 1969 and are, according to the Paris Review, "widely considered his masterpiece", while Cosmos is considered, according to The New Yorker, "his most accomplished novel". He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature four times, from 1966 to 1969.
Anna Lawson
Anna Lawson, FBA, FAcSS (born 1966) is a British legal scholar specialising in disability and law. Since 2013, she has been Professor of Law at the University of Leeds. She was additionally joint director of the university's Centre for Disability Studies from 2015 to 2023. She has also served as a special advisor to the House of Commons' Women and Equalities Committee and an expert advisor to the Council of Europe.

Women and Equalities Committee
The Women and Equalities Committee is a select committee of the House of Commons in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was established following the 2015 general election to examine the expenditure, administration and policy of the Government Equalities Office on equalities (sex, age, race, sexual orientation, disability and transgender/gender identity) issues.

The committee has faced criticism for its name, and in 2017, Conservative MP Philip Davies said it should be renamed the "Equalities Committee".
Frederick Gordon Spear
Frederick Gordon Spear (often F. Gordon Spear or F.G. Spear; 1895–1980) was a British physician and researcher. Originally trained in tropical medicine, he spent time working in what was then the Belgian Congo. After his return to England in 1923, he became interested in radiology and radiobiology. As a member of the Medical Research Council, he was involved in the decision to continue work at Strangeways Research Laboratory following the 1926 death of founder Thomas Strangeways. He served as Deputy Director under the laboratory's longtime director Honor Fell from 1931 to 1958. While at Strangeways he conducted experiments on the effects of radiation on cells and tissues, particularly tissue cultures derived from cancers.: 254  He was known for forceful rhetoric in support of the then-controversial field of tissue culture and its potential in informing clinical practice.

Thomas Strangeways
Thomas Strangeways Pigg Strangeways (1866–1926) was a British pathologist, known for founding the Cambridge Research Hospital, which was renamed the Strangeways Research Laboratory following Strangeways' death in 1926.
Sophia Leung
Sophia Ming Ren Leung, CM (Chinese: 梁陳明任 born July 25, 1933) is a Canadian politician.

Born in Wuxi, China, she was a social worker before being elected to the House of Commons of Canada in 1997 for the riding of Vancouver Kingsway in British Columbia. A Liberal, she was re-elected in 2000. From 2000 to 2003, she was Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of National Revenue.  Both before and after her political career, she has been involved in a great deal of volunteer activities.

In 1994, she was made a Member of the Order of Canada.

Leung was considered for a Senate seat in 2004 and supported Sam Sullivan's bid of mayor of Vancouver.

Wuxi
Wuxi (Chinese: 无锡; pinyin: Wúxī, WOO-shee) is a city in southern Jiangsu, China. As of 2024, it had a population of 7,495,000. The city lies in the southern Yangtze delta and borders Lake Tai. Notable landmarks include Lihu Park, the Mt. Lingshan Grand Buddha Scenic Area and its 88-meter (289 ft)-tall Grand Buddha at Ling Shan statue, Xihui Park, Wuxi Zoo, and the Wuxi Museum. Transportation options include Wuxi Shuofang Airport, Wuxi Metro, Shanghai–Nanjing intercity high-speed railway, and Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway. Wuxi is home to Jiangnan University.