hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Landdrost
Landdrost (Dutch: [ˈlɑndrɔst] ⓘ) was the title of various officials with local jurisdiction in the Netherlands and a number of former territories in the Dutch Empire. The term is a Dutch compound, with land meaning "region" and drost, from Middle Dutch drossāte (droes-state, bloke-castle, state-holder) which originally referred to a lord’s chief retainer (who later became the medieval seneschal or steward), equivalent to:

an English reeve or steward;

a Low German Drost(e) of Northern Germany (cognate with German Truchsess); or

German Meier (from Latin majordomus).

New High German
New High German (NHG; German: Neuhochdeutsch (Nhdt., Nhd.)) is the term used for the most recent period in the history of the German language, starting in the 17th century. It is a loan translation of the German Neuhochdeutsch (Nhd.). The most important characteristic of the period is the development of a standard written German, followed by the standardisation of the spoken language. For this reason, the term New High German (or simply High German) is also used as a synonym for modern Standard German.
Torku Şekerspor
Torku Şekerspor (UCI team code: TRK) was a Turkish professional cycling team, based in Konya, Central Anatolia.They folded after the 2018 season. The team was sponsored by the local sugar and chocolate industries. It is part of the Konya Anadolu Selçukspor organisation, a Turkish TFF Second League football team.

In 2011, the team became Turkey's first ever professional bicycle racing team. It has UCI Continental team status.

Team member Miraç Kal qualified for participation in the road race event at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

Team member Ahmet Örken qualified for participation in the time trial event at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Cycling at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's road time trial
The men's individual time trial was one of 18 cycling events of the 2016 Summer Olympics. The event started and finished on 10 August at Pontal, a small peninsula and beach area in the Recreio dos Bandeirantes neighborhood, located in the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The race start and finish were part of the Barra venues cluster and one of seven temporary venues of the 2016 Summer Olympics.
Janneke Schopman
Johanna "Janneke" Dorotheo Maria Schopman (born 26 April 1977) is a former Dutch field hockey player who played as a defender for Dutch club HC Den Bosch and the Netherlands national team. She served as the head coach of the Indian women's national field hockey team. Since 2024 she serves as head coach of the women’s National field hockey team of Germany.

India women's national field hockey team
The Indian women's national field hockey team represents India in international field hockey, and is governed by Hockey India. They are ranked 10th in the world and the second best team in Asia. They have won the gold at the 2002 Commonwealth Games and the 1982 Asian Games. They have also won the Asia Cup twice, in 2004 and 2017, and the Asian Champions Trophy thrice, in 2016, 2023 and 2024.
Bhutan national under-17 football team
The Bhutan national under-17 football team represents Bhutan in men's international under-17 football. The team is controlled by the governing body for football in Bhutan, the Bhutan Football Federation, which is currently a member of the Asian Football Federation and the regional body the South Asian Football Federation. The under-17 team has played sporadically since its first foray into international football in 2004, competing exclusively either in the qualifying rounds for the AFC U-17 Asian Cup or the SAFF U-17 Championship. They are one of the weakest teams in their age group within both their continental and regional federations, having never qualified for the competition proper of the AFC U-16 Championship. They have played only nineteen competitive games in their entire history, losing eighteen of them, their only result coming in the form of a 0–0 draw with Pakistan in the 2013 SAFF U-16 Championship, conceding 102 goals along the way whilst scoring only seven in reply.

Bhutan Football Federation
The Bhutan Football Federation (Dzongkha: འབྲུག་རྐང་རིལ་ཚོགས་སྡེ) is the governing body of football in Bhutan, controlling Bhutan national football team, Bhutan women's national football team and Bhutan national futsal team. It is also responsible for organising Bhutan Premier League, BPL Qualifiers, women's league and qualifiers, Dzongkhag (District) leagues, Women's National League, as well as various youth and recreational tournaments.
Guillac, Gironde
Guillac (French pronunciation: [ɡijak]; Occitan: Guilhac) is a commune in the Gironde department in southwestern France.

It is 32 km east of Bordeaux, 13 km north east of Creon and 5 km south west of Branne and the river Dordogne.

St Seurin's church, named after the early Bishop of Bordeaux, was originally part of the Grande-Sauve Abbey.

The part-14th-century chateau Rebullide  is one of a number of local vineyards.

Gironde
Gironde (/ʒɪˈrɒnd/ zhih-ROND, US usually /dʒɪˈ-/ jih-; French: [ʒiʁɔ̃d] ⓘ; Occitan: Gironda, pronounced [dʒiˈɾundɔ]) is the largest department in the southwestern French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Named after the Gironde estuary, a major waterway, its prefecture is Bordeaux. In 2019, it had a population of 1,623,749. The famous Bordeaux wine region is in Gironde. It has six arrondissements, making it one of the departments with the most arrondissements (Nord also has six, while Pas-de-Calais has the most of any department, with seven).
Pippa (given name)
Pippa is a feminine given name and a short form, usually of Philippa. It came into greater use as an independent name in the Anglosphere following the publication of the 1841 verse drama Pippa Passes by English poet Robert Browning with the well-known lines "God's in his heaven— / All's right with the world!" The character was an innocent Italian girl, though the name is not in common use as a given name in Italy.

Hypocorism
A hypocorism (/haɪˈpɒkərɪzəm/ hy-POK-ər-iz-əm or /ˌhaɪpəˈkɒrɪzəm/ HY-pə-KORR-iz-əm; from Ancient Greek ὑποκόρισμα hypokórisma; sometimes also hypocoristic), or pet name, is a name used to show affection for a person. It may be a diminutive form of a person's name, such as Izzy for Isabel or Bob for Robert, or it may be unrelated.
Sucha, Świdwin County
Sucha [ˈsuxa] (German Zuchen) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Połczyn-Zdrój, within Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) west of Połczyn-Zdrój, 13 km (8 mi) east of Świdwin, and 98 km (61 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Połczyn-Zdrój
Połczyn-Zdrój [ˈpɔu̯t͡ʂɨn ˈzdrui̯] (Kashubian: Pôłczëno; German: Bad Polzin) is a town in Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, with 8,372 inhabitants (2010). It is situated on the Wogra River in the historic region of Pomerania.
Bibliography of 18th–19th-century Royal Naval history
This bibliography covers sources for Royal Navy history through the 18th and 19th centuries. Some sources may be duplicated in sections when appropriate. Among the contemporary and earlier historical accounts are primary sources, historical accounts, often derived from letters, dispatches, government and military records, captain's logs and diaries, etc., by people involved in or closely associated to the historical episode in question. Primary source material is either written by these people or often collected, compiled, and/or written and published by other editors also, sometimes many years after the historical subject has passed. Primary sources listed in this bibliography are denoted with an uppercase bold ' (P)  before the book title. Publications that are in the public domain and available online for viewing in their entirety are denoted with E'Book.

Robert Southey
Robert Southey (/ˈsaʊði, ˈsʌði/; 12 August 1774 – 21 March 1843) was an English poet of the Romantic school, and Poet Laureate from 1813 until his death. Like the other Lake Poets, William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Southey began as a radical but became steadily more conservative as he gained respect for Britain and its institutions. Other romantics such as Byron accused him of siding with the establishment for money and status. He is remembered especially for the poem "After Blenheim" and the original version of "Goldilocks and the Three Bears".
Lake Barombi Mbo
Lake Barombi Mbo or Barombi-ma-Mbu is a lake near Kumba in the Southwest Region of Cameroon. It is located in the Cameroon volcanic chain, and is the largest volcanic lake in this region. It is one of the oldest radiocarbon-dated lakes in Africa, with the youngest lava flow in it being about one million years old. On old colonial maps the area was known as Elefanten Sea (Elephant Lake), but the elephants living in the area were extirpated due to ivory trading.

Volcanogenic lake
A volcanogenic lake is a lake formed as a result of volcanic activity. They are generally a body of water inside an inactive volcanic crater (crater lakes) but can also be large volumes of molten lava within an active volcanic crater (lava lakes) and waterbodies constrained by lava flows, pyroclastic flows or lahars in valley systems. The term volcanic lake is also used to describe volcanogenic lakes, although it is more commonly assigned to those inside volcanic craters.
Broder Svensson
Broder Svensson (died 1436) was a Swedish knight, military commander and privateer.

Broder Svensson may have come from the same family as Abraham Brodersson. He participated in the Dano-Hanseatic War or 1426–35 as commander of a number of privateers but was taken prisoner in 1432 by Hanseatic forces and spent time as a prisoner of war in Lübeck. In 1343 he is recorded as being back in Sweden and fighting in the Engelbrekt rebellion against Eric of Pomerania. He is mentioned in 1436, during the siege of Varberg, as one of the commanders of the Swedish army. The same year he came into conflict with Charles VIII of Sweden and condemned to death.

Engelbrekt rebellion
The Engelbrekt rebellion (Engelbrektsupproret) was an uprising during 1434–1436 led by Swedish miner and nobleman Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson and directed against Eric of Pomerania, the king of the Kalmar Union. The uprising, with its center in Dalarna and Bergslagen, spread throughout Svealand and Götaland. The rebellion caused erosion within the unity of the Kalmar Union, leading to the temporary expulsion of Danish forces from Sweden.
Dryopteris cinnamomea
Dryopteris cinnamomea is a fern species belonging to the family Dryopteridaceae, native primarily to Mexico and the southern United States, particularly Texas and Arizona. It is part of the Dryopteris patula complex, a taxonomically challenging group of closely related species characterized by morphological variation in frond architecture and scale features. Morphometric analyses have confirmed D. cinnamomea as a distinct and valid species within this complex, distinguishable by a combination of traits such as basal pinna length, stipe scale morphology, and frond dimensions.

Dryopteridaceae
The Dryopteridaceae are a family of leptosporangiate ferns in the order Polypodiales. They are known colloquially as the wood ferns. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family is placed in the suborder Polypodiineae. Alternatively, it may be treated as the subfamily Dryopteridoideae  of a very broadly defined family Polypodiaceae sensu lato.

The family contains about 1700 species and has a cosmopolitan distribution. Species may be terrestrial, epipetric, hemiepiphytic, or epiphytic. Many are cultivated as ornamental plants.  The largest genera are Elaphoglossum (600+), Polystichum (260), Dryopteris (225), and Ctenitis (150). These four genera contain about 70% of the species.  Dryopteridaceae diverged from the other families in eupolypods I about 100 million years ago.
The fossil record appears to show the earliest members of the group emerging some 99 MYA during the Mid Cretaceous.
Giacomo Rossi Stuart
Giacomo Rossi Stuart (25 August 1925 – 20 October 1994) was an Italian film actor often credited as Jack Stuart or Giacomo Rossi-Stuart. He appeared in more than 80 films between 1953 and 1989. including the Gamma One science fiction film series.

Film series
A film series or movie series is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe, or are marketed as a series. It is a type of series fiction.

This article explains what film series are and gives brief examples of movie series. The body shows a list of the most popular film series and franchises in the United States and Canada.
Al Shabab Club (women)
Shabab Football Women Club, commonly referred to as Al-Shabab Ladies (Arabic: سيدات الشباب), is a Saudi Arabian professional women's football club based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The club plays in the Saudi Women's Premier League, the top tier of Saudi women's football

The club's origins trace back to 2017, when Storm WFC was established. In 2022, Al-Shabab acquired Storm WFC, and in 2023, they also acquired Al-Yamamah, merging both clubs to strengthen their women’s section. The current club is the result of this merger.

Women's football in Saudi Arabia
Saudi women’s football comprises several leagues and cup competitions. The top division is the Premier League, followed by the First Division and the Second Division. Major cup tournaments include the Super Cup and the Women's Cup.

There are also multiple Saudi Girls' youth football competitions aimed at developing young players. Collectively, these leagues and competitions form the structure of women’s football in Saudi Arabia.

The country is represented internationally by the senior national team, while the under-20 and under-17 teams focus on youth development and talent progression.
Stella Dadzie
Stella Dadzie (born in 1952) is a British educationalist, activist, writer and historian. She is best known for her involvement in the UK's Black Women's Movement, being a founding member of the Organisation of Women of African and Asian Descent (OWAAD) in the 1970s, and co-authoring with Suzanne Scafe and Beverley Bryan in  1985 the book The Heart of the Race: Black Women's Lives in Britain.

In 2020, Verso published a new book by Dadzie, A Kick in the Belly: Women, Slavery & Resistance. In October 2025, a collection of Dadzie's personal, political and creative writings, entitled A Whole Heap of Mix Up, was published by Lawrence & Wishart.

Black Cultural Archives
Black Cultural Archives (BCA) is an archive and heritage centre in Brixton, London, devoted to the histories of people of African and Caribbean descent in Britain. Also known as BCA, it was founded in 1981, by educationalist and historian Len Garrison and others. BCA's mission is to record, preserve and celebrate the history of people of African descent in Britain. The BCA's new building in Brixton, opened in 2014, enables access to the archive collection, provides dedicated learning spaces and mounts a programme of exhibitions and events.
Nguyễn Tuấn Anh
Nguyễn Tuấn Anh (born 16 May 1995) is a Vietnamese professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Thép Xanh Nam Định and the Vietnam national team.

Tuấn Anh is considered one of the most talented and technically gifted midfielders of Vietnam. He is a product of HAGL – Arsenal JMG Academy and was promoted to Hoàng Anh Gia Lai's first team in 2015. Tuấn Anh has represented the Vietnam national team at U-19 and U-23 level. He was voted as young player of the year in 2014.

Thái Bình province
Thái Bình was a former coastal eastern province in the Red River Delta region of northern Vietnam. Its name is chữ Hán (太平) for "great peace." It is about 18 km from Nam Định, 70 km from Haiphong, and 110 km from Hanoi. As of April 2024, it had a population 1,888,184.

On June 12, 2025 the decision was made to subsume Thái Bình into Hưng Yên province.
Skułty
Skułty [ˈskuu̯tɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Miłomłyn, within Ostróda County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) west of Miłomłyn, 15 km (9 mi) north-west of Ostróda, and 49 km (30 mi) west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Miłomłyn
Miłomłyn [mʲiˈwɔmwɨn] is a town in Ostróda County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland, with 2,347 inhabitants (2010).

Among the sights of Miłomłyn are the historic Saint Bartholomew church (built 1314) and the Elbląg Canal, which runs through the town.

Historically, it was known in Polish as Miłomłyn, Miłomłynek and Liwski Młyn.
Route of the Lincoln Highway
As the Lincoln Highway was one of the earliest transcontinental highways for automobiles across the United States and was widely publicized since its inception, the route of the Lincoln Highway was determined not only by civil engineering considerations but also by politics. In many regions, there was general consensus among those who had power or interest in influencing the route. But in a few regions the choice of route was a contentious topic during the 1920s. The highway took the following route:

Stansbury Mountains
The Stansbury Mountains are a 28-mile (45 km) long mountain range located in eastern Tooele County, Utah. It is named for U.S. Army Major Howard Stansbury, a topographical engineer, who led an expedition that surveyed the region.

The range trends north–south, reaching from the southwest of the Great Salt Lake at Stansbury Bay into the region of the southeast Great Salt Lake Desert. Its southwest perimeter is adjacent to Dugway (and the Dugway Proving Ground), and along its western base lies Skull Valley, which trends north from Dugway. The south of the range contains the Deseret Peak Wilderness, with much of the range as part of the Uinta-Wasatch-Cache National Forest.
Dismal Mountains
The Dismal Mountains are a group of nunataks about 35 miles (56 km) southwest of Rayner Peak in Antarctica. They were photographed from ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) aircraft in 1956, and surveyed by G.A. Knuckey during a dog-sledge journey from Amundsen Bay to Mawson Station in December 1958. They are so named because the mountains are frequently shrouded in clouds.
68°5′S 55°25′E﻿ / ﻿68.083°S 55.417°E﻿ / -68.083; 55.417

Amundsen Bay
Amundsen Bay, also known as Ice Bay, is a long embayment 39 kilometres (24 mi) wide, close west of the Tula Mountains in Enderby Land, Antarctica. The bay was seen as a large pack-filled recession in the coastline by Sir Douglas Mawson on 14 January 1930. Seen by Captain Hjalmar Riiser-Larsen in charge of a Norwegian expedition during an airplane flight on 15 January and subsequently mapped nearer its true position by the Norwegians. The bay was mapped in detail by an Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions party landed by aircraft in 1956 and another landed by launch from Thala Dan in February 1958. It was named by Mawson after Roald Amundsen, the Norwegian explorer who was first to reach the South Pole.
Luang Prabang province
Luang Prabang (also Louangphabang, Lao: ຫລວງພະບາງ, pronounced [lǔaŋ pʰā(ʔ).bàːŋ]) is a province in northern Laos. Its capital of the same name, Luang Prabang, was the capital of the  Lan Xang Kingdom during the 13th to 16th centuries. It is listed since 1995 by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site for unique architectural, religious and cultural heritage, a blend of the rural and urban developments over centuries, including the French colonial influences during the 19th and 20th centuries. The province has 12 districts.

Wat
A wat (Khmer: វត្ត, vôtt [ʋɔət]; Lao: ວັດ, vat [wāt]; Thai: วัด, RTGS: wat [wát]; Tai Lü: 「ᩅᨯ᩠ᨰ」(waD+Dha); Northern Thai: 「ᩅ᩠ᨯ᩶」 (w+Da2), [wa̋t]) is a type of Buddhist and Hindu temple in Cambodia, Laos, East Shan State (Myanmar), Yunnan (China), the Southern Province of Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
Al-Naim
Al-Na'im (Arabic: الناعم; also spelled al-Naeem) is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate, located southwest of Homs and northwest of al-Qusayr. Just east of the border with Lebanon and on the western shores of Lake Qattinah, nearby localities include al-Aqrabiyah to the south, Tell al-Nabi Mando, Arjoun, al-Houz to the southeast, Kafr Mousa and al-Ghassaniyah to the east, Khirbet Ghazi to the northeast and Wujuh al-Hajar and Liftaya to the north. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Na'im had a population of 2,290 in the 2004 census.

Liftaya
Liftaya (Arabic: لفتايا, also spelled Laftaya) is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate, located southwest of Homs near Lake Homs. Nearby localities include Wujuh al-Hajar to the southeast, Khirbet Ghazi, Khirbet al-Sawda and Khirbet Tin Nur to the northeast. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Liftaya had a population of 2,047 in the 2004 census.
Entoloma holoconiotum
Entoloma holoconiotum  is a mushroom in the family Entolomataceae. It was originally described as Nolanea holoconiota by David Largent and Harry Thiers in 1972. Machiel Noordeloos and Co-David transferred it to the genus Entoloma in 2009. The species can be found in conifer forests in western North America.

The cap is tan or orangish and ranges from 2–6 cm in diameter. The gills are white. The stalks are pale yellow, measuring 3–7 cm tall and 3–4 mm wide. The spores are brownish pink.

Similar species include Entoloma cuneatum, E. propinquum, and E. vernum.

Western North America
Western North America is the western edge of the North American continent that borders the Pacific Ocean. It consists of Alaska at the farthest north, down through the western Canadian province of British Columbia, the western U.S. states of Washington, Oregon, and California, and then Mexico farthest south.  The region consists of one long continuous mountain range formed over the last 350 million years through the movement of tectonic plates, as the large Pacific plate submerged under the North American plate through the process called subduction.
Tyrosine phosphorylation
Tyrosine phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate (PO3−4) group to the amino acid tyrosine on a protein. It is one of the main types of protein phosphorylation. This transfer is made possible through enzymes called tyrosine kinases. Tyrosine phosphorylation is a key step in signal transduction and the regulation of enzymatic activity.

Tyrosine kinase
A tyrosine kinase is an enzyme that can transfer a phosphate group from ATP to the tyrosine residues of specific proteins inside a cell. It functions as an "on" or "off" switch in many cellular functions.

Tyrosine kinases belong to a larger class of enzymes known as protein kinases which also attach phosphates to other amino acids such as serine and threonine. Phosphorylation of proteins by kinases is an important mechanism for communicating signals within a cell (signal transduction) and regulating cellular activity, such as cell division.

Protein kinases can become mutated, stuck in the "on" position, and cause unregulated growth of the cell, which is a necessary step for the development of cancer. Therefore, kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib and osimertinib, are often effective cancer treatments.

Most tyrosine kinases have an associated protein tyrosine phosphatase, which removes the phosphate group.