hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Günlüce, Nazımiye
Günlüce (Kurdish: Qalmam, lit. 'Uncle Mihame') is a village in the Nazımiye District, Tunceli Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Alan tribe and had a population of 65 in 2021. The Kurdish name of the village became Qalmam with the combination of the words Xal (xālo lit. 'Uncle') and Mihame (lit. 'Mehmed').

The hamlet of Aktepe is attached to the village.

Tunceli Province
Tunceli Province (Turkish: Tunceli ili), formerly Dersim Province (Kurdish: Parêzgeha Dêrsim; Zazaki: Dêsim wilayet; Armenian: Տէրսիմի մարզ), is a province in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. Its central city is Tunceli. The province has a Kurdish majority. Moreover, it is the only province in Turkey with an Alevi majority. The province has eight municipalities, 366 villages and 1,087 hamlets.
Pravoberezhny (rural locality)
Pravoberezhny (Russian: Правобере́жный; masculine), Pravoberezhnaya (Правобере́жная; feminine), or Pravoberezhnoye (Правобере́жное; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Pravoberezhny, Orenburg Oblast, a settlement in Novocherkassky Selsoviet of Saraktashsky District of Orenburg Oblast

Pravoberezhny, Rostov Oblast, a settlement in Volochayevskoye Rural Settlement of Orlovsky District of Rostov Oblast

Pravoberezhny, Budyonnovsky District, Stavropol Krai, a settlement in Budyonnovsky District of Stavropol Krai

Pravoberezhny, Kursky District, Stavropol Krai, a settlement in Kursky District of Stavropol Krai

Orlovsky District, Rostov Oblast
Orlovsky District (Russian: Орло́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-three in Rostov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the oblast. The area of the district is 3,300 square kilometers (1,300 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a settlement) of Orlovsky. Population: 40,894 (2010 Census);  41,768 (2002 Census); 39,386 (1989 Soviet census). The population of the administrative center accounts for 48.9% of the district's total population.
Hamstead Hall Academy
Hamstead Hall Academy is a mixed secondary school and sixth form located in the Handsworth Wood area of Birmingham, in the West Midlands of England. The school is situated next to the Sandwell Valley RSPB reserve.

Previously a foundation school administered by Birmingham City Council, Hamstead Hall converted to academy status in June 2013. However the school continues to coordinate with Birmingham City Council for admissions.

Hamstead Hall Academy offers GCSEs and BTECs as programmes of study for pupils, while students in the sixth form have the option to study from a range of A-levels and further BTECs.

Birmingham City Council
Birmingham City Council is the local authority for the city of Birmingham in the West Midlands, England. Birmingham has had an elected local authority since 1838, which has been reformed several times. Since 1974 the council has been a metropolitan borough council, a type of unitary authority. It provides the majority of local government services in the city. It is the most populous local government district in England, serving over 1.1 million people. The council has been a member of the West Midlands Combined Authority since 2016.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 2012. It is based at the Council House on Victoria Square, Birmingham.

On 6 September 2023, the council declared effective bankruptcy, and central government commissioners were subsequently appointed to run the council under emergency measures.
Phase One (Art Ensemble of Chicago album)
Phase One is an album by the Art Ensemble of Chicago recorded in Paris in February 1971 and originally released on the French America label then reissued in the US on Prestige Records the following year. It features Lester Bowie, Joseph Jarman, Roscoe Mitchell, Malachi Favors Maghostut and Don Moye performing two side-long pieces dedicated to John Coltrane and Albert Ayler respectively.

Prestige Records
Prestige Records is a jazz record company and label founded in 1949 by Bob Weinstock in New York City which issued recordings in the mainstream, bop, and cool jazz idioms. The company recorded hundreds of albums by many of the leading jazz musicians of the day, sometimes issuing them on subsidiary labels. The company's began releasing jazz records in 78 and 45 RPM formats in 1950.  The Prestige label includes the 13000 and 25000 cat# series. Prestige International was a sub-label of Prestige, active from 1960 to 1969, that mostly released folk music. In 1971, the company was sold to Fantasy, which was later absorbed by Concord.
Facing (machining)
In machining, facing is the cutting of a flat surface perpendicular to some axis of the workpiece. This can be applied in two different areas:

Facing on a milling machine (perpendicular to the axis of movement), which involves various milling operations, but primarily face milling.

Facing on a lathe (perpendicular to the axis of rotation), which is commonly used in turning and boring operations.

Other operations remove material in ways similar to facing, for example, planing, shaping, and grinding, but these processes are not labeled by the term "facing."

Shaper
In machining, a shaper or shaping machine is a type of machine tool that uses linear relative motion between the workpiece and a single-point cutting tool to machine a linear toolpath. Its cut is analogous to that of a lathe, except that it is (archetypally) linear instead of rotary.

A wood shaper is a functionally different woodworking tool, typically with a powered rotating cutting head and manually fed workpiece, usually known simply as a shaper in North America and spindle moulder in the UK.

A metalworking shaper is somewhat analogous to a metalworking planer, with the cutter riding a ram that moves relative to a stationary workpiece, rather than the workpiece moving beneath the cutter. The ram is typically actuated by a mechanical crank inside the column, though hydraulically actuated shapers are increasingly used.  Adding additional axes of motion to a shaper can yield helical tool 
paths, as also done in helical planing.
Matt Long (American football)
Matthew Scott Long (born March 16, 1961) is an American former professional football player who was a center for the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the San Diego State Aztecs.

San Diego State Aztecs football
The San Diego State Aztecs football team is the college football program that represents San Diego State University (SDSU). The Aztecs compete in NCAA Division I (FBS) as a member of the Mountain West Conference (MW). The team plays its home games at Snapdragon Stadium.

Beginning play in 1921, the Aztecs first went to a bowl game in 1948 and first won a major college bowl game in 1969. The Aztecs have won 21 conference championships and are 10–10 all time in post-season bowl games.

Notable alumni include Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees Marshall Faulk, John Madden, and Joe Gibbs.
Ádám Korányi
Ádám Korányi (born July 13, 1932, in Szeged) is a Hungarian and American mathematician. He is a Distinguished Professor of Mathematics and Computer Science at Lehman College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. His research interests include complex analysis, harmonic analysis, and quasiconformal mappings.

Quasiconformal mapping
In mathematical complex analysis, a quasiconformal mapping is a (weakly differentiable) homeomorphism between plane domains which to first order takes small circles to small ellipses of bounded eccentricity. Quasiconformal mappings are a generalization of conformal mappings that permit the bounded distortion of angles locally. Quasiconformal mappings were introduced by Grötzsch (1928) and named by Ahlfors (1935),

Intuitively, let f : D → D′ be an orientation-preserving homeomorphism between open sets in the plane. If f is continuously differentiable, it is K-quasiconformal if, at every point, its derivative maps circles to ellipses with the ratio of the major to minor axis bounded by K.
Target Bird Golf
Target Bird Golf (Japanese: ターゲット・バードゴルフ, Tāgetto Bādo Gorufu), often abbreviated as TBG, is a precision sport that originated in Japan. It is essentially a miniaturized version of golf, using a specialized shuttlecock-style ball with synthetic feathers attached to a golf ball, which players strike with a standard golf wedge. The objective is to land the ball in an umbrella-shaped target hole, completing an 18-hole course in as few strokes as possible.

The sport was conceived in 1969 by Nojima Takashige (野嶋孝重), a golf enthusiast from Kawaguchi City, Saitama Prefecture. It was officially introduced to the public in 1985 and has since become popular primarily among senior citizens as a lifelong sport (生涯スポーツ, shōgai supōtsu) in Japan. The sport emphasizes control and accuracy over power, making it accessible to players of all ages and physical abilities.

Kawaguchi, Saitama
Kawaguchi (川口市, Kawaguchi-shi) is a city located in southeastern Saitama Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 April 2025, the city had an estimated population of 595,011 in 293,582 households and a population density of 9605 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 61.95 square kilometres (23.92 sq mi). It is the Greater Tokyo Area's 8th most populated city (after passing Hachioji), and second largest in Saitama Prefecture, after eponymous Saitama.
Tamāio
Tamāio was a Māori rangatira (chieftain) of the Tainui tribal confederation, based at Kāwhia in Waikato, New Zealand. He was the first chieftain to lead a war-party inland from Kāwhia, in a war against Ngāti Hā, sometime around the middle of the sixteenth century.

Kawhia Harbour
Kawhia Harbour (Māori: Kāwhia) is one of three large natural inlets in the Tasman Sea coast of the Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island. It is located to the south of Raglan Harbour, Ruapuke and Aotea Harbour, 40 kilometres southwest of Hamilton. Kawhia is part of the Ōtorohanga District and is in the King Country. It has a high-tide area of 68 km2 (26 sq mi) and a low-tide area of 18 km2 (6.9 sq mi). Te Motu Island is located in the harbour.

The settlement of Kawhia is located on the northern coast of the inlet, and was an important port in early colonial New Zealand. The area of Kawhia comprises 16 to 20 hectares (40 to 50 acres) and is the town block that was owned by the New Zealand Government. The government bought it from the Europeans in 1880 "not from the original Māori owners, but from a European who claimed ownership in payment of money owed by another European".
Bo Höglund
Bo Sven Gunnar Höglund (born 27 May 1948 in Huddinge, Stockholm County) is a Swedish actor.

Höglund has been employed at Östgötateatern in Norrköping and Linköping since 1983. He has appeared in productions such as Kyrkbröllop, Hämndaria, Don Juan, Dreyfus, Amadeus and The Wizard of Oz. He has toured with the National Swedish Touring Theatre and acted in TV shows including Fiendens fiende, Nya tider, c/o Segemyhr and Rederiet. For four seasons he worked with Nils Poppe at Fredriksdalsteatern in Helsingborg. Höglund is best known for his role as Mats the waiter in the Martin Beck series.

National Swedish Touring Theatre
The National Swedish Touring Theatre (Swedish: Riksteatern) is the largest touring theatre company in Sweden. It serves as Sweden's national stage on tour. The company is owned and funded by 240 local economic associations spread throughout the country. Their main goal is to promote and produce high-quality theatre for all of Sweden, with a focus on areas outside of the major cities.

The National Swedish Touring Theatre was established in 1933 and has been touring throughout Sweden ever since. Some of Sweden's theatre companies, such as the Royal Dramatic Theatre (the national stage) and the Cullberg Ballet, frequently collaborate with the National Swedish Touring Theatre, showcasing many of their productions.
Sabin Willett
Peter Sabin Willett, known as Sabin Willett, (born March 6, 1957) is an American lawyer and novelist, a partner with the Philadelphia-based law firm Morgan, Lewis & Bockius, formerly a partner at Bingham McCutchen. He lives near Boston, Massachusetts. He is perhaps best known as a defense lawyer for several Uighur prisoners at the Guantanamo Bay detainment camp.

Criminal defense lawyer
A criminal defense lawyer is a lawyer (mostly barristers) specializing in the defense of individuals and companies charged with criminal activity. Some criminal defense lawyers are privately retained, while others are employed by the various jurisdictions with criminal courts for appointment to represent indigent persons; the latter are generally called public defenders. The terminology is imprecise because each jurisdiction may have different practices with various levels of input from country to country. Some jurisdictions use a rotating system of appointments, with judges appointing a private practice attorney or firm for each case.
Die Mannequin
Die Mannequin was a Canadian alternative rock band from Toronto, founded by guitar player and singer Care Failure (born Caroline Slezak Kawa) in 2005. The band toured across Canada several times, opening for Buckcherry, Guns N' Roses, Marilyn Manson and Sum 41.  They also toured Europe on several occasions, alone and as an opening act for Danko Jones in 2008.

Danko Jones
Danko Jones is a Canadian hard rock band formed in Toronto in 1996. The band consists of vocalist and guitarist Danko Jones, bassist John "JC" Calabrese and drummer Rich Knox, with Jones and Calabrese remaining the band's only continuous members. The band's musical style includes elements of hard rock and punk, and they are known for their extensive touring and high-energy live performances, which has earned them acclaim as one of the best live acts in rock music. Danko Jones has released eleven studio albums and been nominated for six Juno Awards.
Who Ride wit Us: Tha Compalation, Vol. 1
Who Ride Wit Us: Tha Compalation, Vol. 1 is the first compilation album by American West Coast hip hop recording artist Daz Dillinger. It was released on October 30, 2001 through D.P.G. Recordz. A sequel to this album, Who Ride wit Us: Tha Compalation, Vol. 2, was released on October 29, 2002.

Daz Dillinger
Delmar Drew Arnaud (born May 25, 1973), known professionally as Daz Dillinger or simply Daz (formerly Dat Nigga Daz), is an American rapper and record producer. As a member of Death Row Records in the early 1990s, he is credited with the label in pioneering West Coast hip hop and gangsta rap for mainstream audiences. Alongside Kurupt, he formed the hip hop duo Tha Dogg Pound in 1992, with whom he has released eight albums.

Arnaud learned production from Dr. Dre; his first major production credit was on Dre's debut solo album, The Chronic (1992). He further produced for his cousin, Snoop Dogg's debut album Doggystyle (1993), as well as Tupac Shakur's All Eyez on Me (1996). His debut studio album, Retaliation, Revenge and Get Back (1998) peaked within the top ten of the Billboard 200 and served as his only project with Death Row before founding his own label, Gangsta Advisory Records in 2000 and co-founding D.P.G. Recordz with Soopafly that same year.
Neil Steinberg
Neil Steinberg (born June 10, 1960) is an American news columnist for the Chicago Sun-Times and an author. He joined the paper's staff in 1987.

Steinberg has written for a wide variety of publications, including Esquire, The Washington Post, The New York Times Sunday Magazine, Rolling Stone, Sports Illustrated, Details, Men's Journal, National Lampoon and Spy. He has also written for web sites, including Salon and Forbes.com.

Details (magazine)
Details (stylized in all caps) was an American monthly men's magazine that was published by Condé Nast, founded in 1982 by Annie Flanders. Though primarily a magazine devoted to fashion and lifestyle, Details also featured reports on relevant social and political issues. In November 2015 Condé Nast announced that the magazine would cease publication with the issue of December 2015/January 2016.
Flag of Cuba
The national flag of Cuba, also known as the Flag of the Lone Star (Spanish: Bandera de la Estrella Solitaria), consists of five alternating stripes (three navy blue and two white) and a cherry red chevron at the hoist, within which is a white five-pointed star. It was designed in 1849 and officially adopted May 20, 1902. The flag is referred to as the Estrella Solitaria, or the Lone Star flag. Vexillologist Alfred Znamierowski assigns the flag to his Stars and Stripes flag family.

Vexillology
Vexillology (/ˌvɛksɪˈlɒlədʒi/ VEK-sih-LOL-ə-jee) is the study of the history, symbolism and usage of flags or, by extension, any interest in flags in general.

A person who studies flags is called a vexillologist, a person who designs flags is a vexillographer, and the art of designing flags is called vexillography. A hobbyist or general admirer of flags is called a vexillophile.
Yacoub G. Al-Atrash
Yacoub G. Al-Atrash (born 1978) is a music composer and conductor from Palestine. Over the years, Al-Atrash has participated and performed in festivals such as International Festival of Carthage, Jerash Festival, and Mawazine.

Al-Atrash has led orchestras with artists such as Mohammed Assaf, Assala, Omar Al-Abdallat, and Hany Shaker.

Hany Shaker
Hany Shaker (Arabic: هانى شاكر, IPA: [ˈhæːni ˈʃæːkeɾ]; born December 21, 1952) is an Egyptian singer, actor and composer. His first public appearance was when he sang with Abd El Halim Hafez Choral Group in "Sora", then he played the young Sayed Darwish in the movie Sayed Darwish.
Plymouth Council
Plymouth Council could refer to:

Plymouth City Council, England

Plymouth Council for New England, North America

Plymouth Council (Boy Scouts of America), a defunct local council of the Boy Scouts of America

Council for New England
The Council for New England was a 17th-century English joint stock company to which James I of England awarded a royal charter, with the purpose of expanding his realm over parts of North America by establishing colonial settlements.

The Council was established in November of 1620, and was disbanded (although with no apparent changes in land titles) in 1635. It provided for the establishment of the Plymouth Colony, the Province of New Hampshire, the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the New Haven Colony, and the Province of Maine.

Sir Ferdinand Gorges was a major promoter of English colonization of New England, and was a key figure in establishment and operations of the Council.
Cape De la Motte
Cape De la Motte is a prominent cape in George V Land in Antarctica separating Watt Bay and Buchanan Bay. Just to the south, the continental ice surface rises 520 metres (1,700 ft) at Mount Hunt. The cape was charted by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1911–14) under Douglas Mawson, who named it for C. P. de la Motte, third officer on the expedition ship Aurora. It has been conjectured that the high land behind this cape is "Point Case", which the United States Exploring Expedition (1838–42) under Lieutenant Charles Wilkes saw from what was called "Disappointment Bay" on January 23, 1840.

Watt Bay
Watt Bay (67°2′S 144°0′E﻿ / ﻿67.033°S 144.000°E﻿ / -67.033; 144.000) is a bay about 16 nautical miles (30 km) wide indenting the coast between Garnet Point and Cape De la Motte. Discovered by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1911–14) under Douglas Mawson, who named it for W.A. Watt, Premier of Victoria in 1911.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Watt Bay". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
2004 ICC Six Nations Challenge
The 2004 ICC Six Nations Challenge was an international limited-overs cricket tournament held in the United Arab Emirates from 29 February to 6 March 2004. Matches were played in Dubai and Sharjah.

The tournament was the third and final edition of the ICC Six Nations Challenge, and featured six associate members of the International Cricket Council (ICC). Canada, Namibia, and the Netherlands had competed in the 2003 World Cup, while the three other teams invited were Scotland, the United Arab Emirates, and the United States. The six teams played each other once in a round-robin, with five teams finishing with three wins and two losses. The United States emerged as the winners based on net run rate, and consequently qualified for the 2004 ICC Champions Trophy in England, making their One Day International (ODI) debut. American all-rounder Clayton Lambert led the tournament in runs, while Scotland's John Blain was the leading wicket-taker.

John Blain (cricketer)
John Angus Rae Blain (born 4 January 1979) is a Scottish first-class cricketer. He is a right-handed batsman, and a right-arm fast-medium pace bowler. In May 2019, he was inducted into Cricket Scotland's Hall of Fame. However, in July 2022, Blain was "temporarily suspended" from the hall of fame.
Temple Saint-Étienne
The Temple Saint-Étienne (Protestant St. Stephen's Church; Alsatian: Schtefànskerch) is a Calvinist church located in the city of Mulhouse, Alsace, France. Its congregation forms part of the Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine. Because of its central location on the main square of Mulhouse, the Place de la Réunion, and its 97 metre high bell tower (the highest steeple in the department of Haut-Rhin), it is sometimes referred to as the "Cathedral of Mulhouse" (Cathédrale de Mulhouse). The church was designed by the city architect Jean-Baptiste Schacre, who also designed the large Catholic St. Stephen's Church (Église Saint-Étienne).

Alsatian dialect
Alsatian (Alsatian: Elsässisch or Elsässerditsch "Alsatian German"; Lorraine Franconian: Elsässerdeitsch; French: Alsacien; German: Elsässisch or Elsässerdeutsch) is the group of Alemannic German and Franconian dialects spoken in most of Alsace, a formerly disputed region in eastern France that has passed between French and German control five times since 1681.
Systems pharmacology
Systems pharmacology is the application of systems biology principles to the field of pharmacology. It seeks to understand how drugs affect the human body as a single complex biological system. 
Instead of considering the effect of a drug to be the result of one specific drug-protein interaction, systems pharmacology considers the effect of a drug to be the outcome of the network of interactions a drug may have. In 1992, an article on systems medicine and pharmacology was published in China. Networks of interaction may include chemical-protein, protein–protein, genetic, signalling and physiological (at cellular, tissue, organ and whole body levels).  Systems pharmacology uses bioinformatics and statistics techniques to integrate and interpret these networks.

Systems pharmacology can be applied to drug safety studies as a complement to pharmacoepidemiology.

Biological system
A biological system is a complex network which connects several biologically relevant entities. Biological organization spans several scales and are determined based different structures depending on what the system is. Examples of biological systems at the macro scale are populations of organisms. On the organ and tissue scale in mammals and other animals, examples include the circulatory system, the respiratory system, and the nervous system. On the micro to the nanoscopic scale, examples of biological systems are cells, organelles, macromolecular complexes and regulatory pathways. A biological system is not to be confused with a living system, such as a living organism.