hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
B. D. Satoskar
Balkrishna Dattatreya Satoskar (26 March 1909 – 27 November 2000) was an Indian historian, freedom fighter, publisher, journalist, and librarian. Born in Marcel, Goa, he authored numerous books in Marathi and Konkani. He is best known for Gomantak Prakriti ani Sanskriti (Goa: Nature and Culture), an encyclopedic six-volume work on the history and culture of Goa and Goans, of which three volumes were published.

Freedom fighter
A freedom fighter is a person engaged in a struggle to achieve political freedom, particularly against an established government. The term is typically reserved for those who are actively involved in armed or otherwise violent rebellion.
Sailor II
Sailor (foaled 1952 in Kentucky) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse. Bred and raced by heiress Isabel Dodge Sloane's Brookmeade Stable, he was out of the Brookmeade mare Flota and sired by U.S. Racing Hall of Fame inductee Eight Thirty.

Sailor was conditioned for racing by Hall of Fame trainer Preston Burch. As a three-year-old in 1955, the colt did not run in any of the U.S. Triple Crown races. However, under regular rider Hedley Woodhouse he won four major races that year, including the prestigious Pimlico Special at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore. At age four, he began the year competing in Florida, where he won the Gulfstream Park Handicap, then back at Pimlico Race Course he captured the John B. Campbell Handicap, at the time a race of national importance.

Pimlico Special
The Pimlico Special is a Grade 3 American thoroughbred horse race for horses age three and older over a distance of 1+3⁄16 miles (9+1⁄2 furlongs) held at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore, Maryland in mid May.  The race currently offers a purse of $250,000.
Mihrdat II
Mihrdat II (Georgian: მირდატ II, Latinized as Mithridates), of the Arsacid dynasty, was a king (mepe) of Iberia (natively known as Kartli; ancient Georgia) from 249 to 265 AD.

He is known exclusively from the medieval Georgian chronicles which make him either 22nd or 24th in the royal list of Iberia and merely relates that Mihrdat was the son of Bakur I. Professor Cyril Toumanoff hypothesized that there was the other Iberian king, Amazasp III (r. 260-265), at that time, probably installed as an anti-king by Shapur I, Great King of Iran. This Amazasp is known from the Sassanid inscriptions, but is unattested in Georgian literary sources.

Shah
Shāh (/ʃɑː/; Persian: شاه [ˈʃaːɦ] ⓘ) is a royal title meaning 'king' in Persian. Though chiefly associated with the monarchs of Iran, it was also used to refer to the leaders of numerous Persianate societies, such as the Ottoman Empire, the Khanate of Bukhara and the Emirate of Bukhara, the Mughal Empire, the Bengal Sultanate, and various Afghan dynasties, as well as among Gurkhas. With regard to Iranian history, in particular, each ruling monarch was not seen simply as the head of the concurrent dynasty and state, but as the successor to a long line of royalty beginning with the original Persian Empire of Cyrus the Great. To this end, he was more emphatically known as the Shāhanshāh (شاهنشاه, šāhanšāh, 'king of kings' [ˌʃaːhanˈʃaːɦ]), since the Achaemenid dynasty. A roughly equivalent title is Pādishāh (پادشاه, pādišāh, pādšāh, 'master king'), which was most widespread during the Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent.
Elizabeth Yakel
Elizabeth Yakel is an archivist, researcher, and educator in information science. Yakel is known for work advancing archival practice, the use of primary sources in archives education, studies of data reuse practices, and digital curation. Yakel is the senior associate dean for academic affairs and a professor at the University of Michigan School of Information, where she has been on the faculty since 2000. She is the former coordinator of the Preservation of Information specialization in the Master of Science in Information program and teaches in the Archives and Record Management area. She specializes in digital archives and digital preservation and has developed five such graduate level courses at UM, including "Economics of Sustainable Digital Information" and "Practical Engagement Workshop in Digital Preservation."

Information science
Information science (abbreviated as infosci) is an academic field that is primarily concerned with the analysis, collection, classification, manipulation, storage, retrieval, movement, dissemination, and protection of information. Practitioners within and outside the field engage in the study of knowledge application and usage in organizations. Additionally, they examine the interaction between people, organizations, and any existing information systems. The objective of this study is to create, replace, improve, or understand the information systems.
Zach Dean (ice hockey)
Zachary Dean (born January 4, 2003) is a Canadian professional ice hockey centre for the Springfield Thunderbirds of the American Hockey League (AHL) as a prospect to the St. Louis Blues of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was drafted in the first round, 30th overall, by the Vegas Golden Knights in the 2021 NHL Entry Draft.

Springfield Thunderbirds
The Springfield Thunderbirds are a professional ice hockey team based in Springfield, Massachusetts. They are the American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate of the National Hockey League's St. Louis Blues. The Thunderbirds play their home games at the MassMutual Center.
Social problem film
A social problem film is a narrative film that integrates a larger social conflict into the individual conflict between its characters. In the context of the United States and of Hollywood, the genre is defined by fictionalized depictions of social crises set in realistic American domestic or institutionalized settings.

Didacticism
Didacticism is a philosophy that emphasises instructional and informative qualities in literature, art, and design. In art, design, architecture, and landscape, didacticism is a conceptual approach that is driven by the urgent need to explain.
Sudół, Jędrzejów County
Sudół [ˈsuduu̯] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jędrzejów, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north-west of Jędrzejów and 36 km (22 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Jędrzejów County
Jędrzejów County (Polish: powiat jędrzejowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Jędrzejów, which lies 36 kilometres (22 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce. The county also contains the towns of Sędziszów, lying 18 km (11 mi) west of Jędrzejów, and Małogoszcz, 21 km (13 mi) north of Jędrzejów.

The county covers an area of 1,257.17 square kilometres (485.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 84,049, out of which the population of Jędrzejów is 15,076, that of Sędziszów is 6,451, that of Małogoszcz is 3,748, and the rural population is 58,774.
Kulubnarti fort
Kulubnarti fort was a fortified house on the island of Kulubnarti in Sudan. It was later converted into a castle. Built during the Middle Ages, the KurfÃ stands on the boulder field at the south end of the island. Tapering towards the top the fort is plastered with clay masonry. Official tax collectors (Kashef) resided at the fortified house at least until the 19th century, when it was converted to a castle. There were similar fortifications in Tarmuki, Kasanarti and Meinarti, all north of the 2nd cataract of the Nile and the flooded Lake Nasser. Modern day excavations could not ascertain if it was abandoned when the population converted from Christianity to Islam. While the Kulubnarti church was close to the fort, dating to the 13th or 14th century of the Christian era, there were no remains found of a nearby mosque from the Ottoman period. The only evidence relating to Islam were three potsherds with Koranic verses.

Lake Nasser
Lake Nasser (Arabic: بحيرة ناصر Boħeiret Nāṣer, Egyptian Arabic: [boˈħeiɾet ˈnɑːseɾ]) is a large reservoir in southern Egypt and northern Sudan. It was created by the construction of the Aswan High Dam and is one of the largest man-made lakes in the world. Before its creation, the project faced opposition from Sudan as it would encroach on land in the northern part of the country, where many Nubian people lived who would have to be resettled. In the end Sudan's land near the area of Lake Nasser was mostly flooded by the lake.  The lake has become an important economic resource in Egypt, improving agriculture and touting robust fishing and tourism industries.

Strictly speaking, "Lake Nasser" refers only to the much larger portion of the lake that is in Egyptian territory (83% of the total), with the Sudanese preferring to call their smaller body of water Lake Nubia (Egyptian Arabic: بحيرة النوبية Boħēret Nubeya, [boˈħeːɾet nʊˈbejjæ]).
Hal Price
Harry Franklin "Hal" Price (June 24, 1886 – April 15, 1964) was an American film and stage actor. He appeared in more than 260 films between 1930 and 1952. He is the father of character actress and comedian Lu Leonard.

On stage, Price toured for three months with Will Rogers in a production of Ah, Wilderness!. He also performed with Leo Carrillo and William Gillette. He had the role of Willem in the Broadway production of The Red Mill (1945).

Ah, Wilderness!
Ah, Wilderness! is a comedy play by American playwright Eugene O'Neill that premiered on Broadway at the Guild Theatre on October 2, 1933. It differs from a typical O'Neill play in its happy ending for the central character, and depiction of a happy family in turn-of-the-century America.  It is O'Neill's only well-known comedy.

The play was successful in its first Broadway production and the touring production that followed. It has since become a staple of community repertory.
Z. Randall Stroope
Zane Randall Stroope (born October 25, 1953) is an American composer and conductor. He has published more than 190 works, with: Oxford University Press, Carl Fischer, Alliance Music Publishing, Walton, Colla Voce, and Lorenz.

The Lorenz Corporation
The Lorenz Corporation, previously known as Lorenz Publishing Company, is a music publisher located in Dayton, Ohio, United States. It is best known for its publication of church music for smaller congregations served by amateur musicians. It also publishes other varieties of music and general education materials.
Sibylle Ursula von Braunschweig-Lüneburg
Sibylle Ursula von Braunschweig-Lüneburg, also known as Sibylle von Braunschweig-Lüneburg and Sibylle of Brunswick-Lüneburg, (4 February 1629 – 12 December 1671), a member of the House of Welf, was a daughter of Duke Augustus II of Brunswick-Lüneburg and, by marriage, Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg. She stood out as a translator and writer.

House of Glücksburg
The House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, also known by its short name as the House of Glücksburg, is the senior surviving branch of the German House of Oldenburg, one of Europe's oldest royal houses. Oldenburg house members have reigned at various times in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Iceland, Greece, several northern German states, and Russia. It takes its name from the family seat in Glücksburg, a small town in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.

Current monarchs King Charles III and King Harald V, former monarch Queen Margrethe II and former consorts Queen Anne-Marie of Greece and Queen Sofia of Spain are patrilineal members of cadet branches of the House of Glücksburg.

The present senior member of the House of Oldenburg and the House of Glücksburg and traditional heir to the family's ancestral lands, including Glücksburg itself, is Friedrich Ferdinand, Prince of Schleswig-Holstein (born 1985), who heads the foundation that owns the family's ancestral seat, Glücksburg Castle.
Balsillie Prize for Public Policy
The Balsillie Prize for Public Policy is an annual Canadian literary award, presented to honour the year's best non-fiction work on public policy issues. Created in 2021, the award is presented by the Writers' Trust of Canada, and sponsored by technology investor Jim Balsillie.

Jim Balsillie
James Laurence Balsillie (born February 3, 1961) is a Canadian businessman and philanthropist. He was the former chair and co-chief executive officer of the Canadian technology company Research In Motion (BlackBerry), which at its 2011 peak made US$19.9 billion in annual sales.

Since leaving Blackberry in 2012, Balsillie has taken up a number of roles in Canadian business and society. He is the founder of the Balsillie School of International Affairs at the University of Waterloo, the Centre for International Governance and Innovation (CIGI) think tank, and serves as chair of the Canadian Council of Innovators.
Rod (surname)
Rod is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carmo Rod (16 July 1939 – 13 August 1975), professional name of Carmo Piedade Rodrigues, Indian singer and director

Édouard Rod (1857–1910), French-Swiss novelist

John Rod (1856–1920), English-New Zealander businessman

Johnny Rod (born 1957), professional name of John Tumminello, American bass guitar player

Jorge A. Rod (born 1947), American politician

Jose Rod (born 1963), professional name of José Remedios Rodrigues, Indian singer and composer

Minguel Rod (1924–1955), professional name of Miguel Manoel Rodrigues, Portuguese singer and composer

Tomáš Rod (born 1988), Czech ice hockey forward

Van Rod (1923–1974), pseudonym of Gene Bilbrew, American cartoonist

Gene Bilbrew
Eugene "Gene" Bilbrew (June 29, 1923 – May 1974) was an American vocal group singer, cartoonist, and "bizarre art" pioneer. As noted in the biography, GENE BILBREW REVEALED: The Unsung Legacy of a Fetish Art Pioneer, he was "the first black career fetish artist in history.": 4  Starting in the mid-1950s, he was among the most prolific illustrators of fetish-oriented pulp book covers. In addition to signing his work under his own name, he produced art under a range of pseudonyms, including ENEG ("Gene" spelled backwards), Van Rod, and Bondy.: 80
Sheila Lowe
Sheila Lowe is a British-born novelist and graphologist who has lived in the United States since 1964. Her first book was published in 1999 and became a bestseller in the Complete Idiot's Guides series. Her second book was released a year later. In 2007, the first edition of Poison Pen, the beginning of her Claudia Rose forensic mystery series came out with a small publisher, Capital Crime Press. When Poison Pen received a starred review in Publishers Weekly, who called it "a dynamite debut," Kristen Weber, then-senior editor at New American Library, picked it up and published the first four books in the series. She is currently the president of the American Handwriting Analysis Foundation.

New American Library
The New American Library (also known as NAL) is an American publisher based in New York, founded in 1948. Its initial focus was affordable paperback reprints of classics and scholarly works as well as popular and pulp fiction, but it now publishes trade and hardcover titles. It is currently an imprint of Penguin Random House; it was announced in 2015 that the imprint would publish only nonfiction titles.
2024 Teréga Open Pau–Pyrénées
The 2024 Teréga Open Pau–Pyrénées was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hardcourts. It was the sixth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Pau, France between 19 and 25 February 2024.

Teréga Open Pau–Pyrénées
The Teréga Open Pau–Pyrénées is a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hardcourts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It is held annually in Béarn Province, Pau, France since 2019.
Júlio Sarmento da Costa
Júlio Sarmento da Costa (20 July 1959 – 24 May 2024), also known by his nom de guerre Meta Mali, was an East Timorese politician and a member of the Democratic Party (PD). From May 2020 to July 2023, he was Minister for the Affairs of National Liberation Combatants, serving in the VIII Constitutional Government of Timor-Leste led by Prime Minister Taur Matan Ruak.

Previously, between August 2012 and February 2015, he was Secretary of State for the Combatants for National Liberation Affairs, and in 2017–2018 he was a Member of the National Parliament.

Taur Matan Ruak
José Maria de Vasconcelos (born 10 October 1956), popularly known as Taur Matan Ruak (English: Two Sharp Eyes), is an East Timorese politician who served as the fifth president of East Timor from 2012 to 2017 and as the 9th prime minister from 2018 to 2023.

Before entering politics, he was the commander of the FALINTIL-Forças de Defesa de Timor-Leste (F-FDTL), the military of East Timor, from 2002 until 6 October 2011. Prior to serving in the F-FDTL, he was the last commander of the Armed Forces of National Liberation of East Timor or FALINTIL (Forças Armadas para a Liberação Nacional de Timor Leste), the insurgent army that resisted the Indonesian occupation of the territory from 1975 to 1999. Leaving the military in 2011, he stood as an independent candidate in the 2012 presidential election and prevailed in the second round of the vote, held in April 2012.
Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research
The Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR) project is a collaboration of the United States Air Force, NASA, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Lincoln Laboratory for the systematic detection and tracking of near-Earth objects. LINEAR was responsible for the majority of asteroid discoveries from 1998 until it was overtaken by the Catalina Sky Survey in 2005. As of 15 September 2011, LINEAR had detected 231,082 new small Solar System bodies, of which at least 2,423 were near-Earth asteroids and 279 were comets. The instruments used by the LINEAR program are located at Lincoln Laboratory's Experimental Test Site (ETS) on the White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) near Socorro, New Mexico.

Small Solar System body
A small Solar System body (SSSB) is an object in the Solar System that is neither a planet, a dwarf planet, nor a natural satellite. The term was first defined in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) as follows: "All other objects, except satellites, orbiting the Sun shall be referred to collectively as 'Small Solar System Bodies'".

This encompasses all comets and all minor planets other than those that are dwarf planets. Thus SSSBs are: the comets; the classical asteroids, with the exception of the dwarf planet Ceres; the trojans; and the centaurs and trans-Neptunian objects, with the exception of the dwarf planets Pluto, Haumea, Makemake, Quaoar, Orcus, Sedna, Gonggong and Eris and others that may turn out to be dwarf planets.
Legal fiction
A legal fiction is a construct used in law where, in order to facilitate a specific outcome, a position is taken to be true, even if such a position is not literally true. Legal fictions can be employed by the courts or found in legislation.

Legal fictions are different from legal presumptions which assume a certain state of facts until the opposite is proved, such as the presumption of legitimacy.

The term legal fiction is sometimes used in a pejorative way. Jeremy Bentham was a famous historical critic of legal fictions. Proponents of legal fictions, particularly of their use historically, identify legal fictions as "scaffolding around a building under construction".

Presumption of legitimacy
In common law, the "presumption of legitimacy" is a legal presumption that states that a child born within the subsistence of a marriage is presumed to be the child of the husband.

Paternity is considered an important issue in determining the rules of succession. Illegitimate children were originally excluded from royal succession, noble status, hereditary titles and property.
Walnut Springs High School
Walnut Springs High School, also known as Walnut Springs School, is a public high school located in Walnut Springs, Texas. It is the sole high school in the Walnut Springs Independent School District and is classified as a 2A school by the University Interscholastic League. During 2022‍–‍2023, Walnut Springs School had an enrollment of 171 students and a student to teacher ratio of 9.60. The school received an overall rating of "F" from the Texas Education Agency for the 2024‍–‍2025 school year

University Interscholastic League
The University Interscholastic League (UIL) is an organization that creates rules for and administers almost all athletic, musical, and academic contests for public primary and secondary schools in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the largest organization of its type in the world.

Activities range from American football and cross-examination debate to mathematics and marching band competitions; however, the UIL does not administer Academic Decathlon competitions.

The UIL is under the governance of the Vice President for Diversity and Community Engagement at the University of Texas at Austin in Austin, Texas. Although the Texas Education Agency governs the activities of schools and school districts in Texas, the UIL does not report to TEA, but is instead a separate entity.
Bobby F. England
Bobby F. England (born May 13, 1932) is an American former politician. A Democrat, he was a member of the North Carolina General Assembly representing the state's 112th House district, including constituents in Cleveland and Rutherford counties.  He was born in Spindale, North Carolina.

In 2009, England was credited with helping to save the life of fellow Rep. Becky Carney who suffered cardiac arrest at the state legislative building.

Cleveland County, North Carolina
Cleveland County is a county located in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains and the western Piedmont, on the southern border of the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 99,519. Its county seat is Shelby. Cleveland County comprises the Shelby-Kings Mountain, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Charlotte-Concord, NC-SC Combined Statistical Area.
Burythorpe
Burythorpe is a village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England, about 4 miles (6 km) south of Malton. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 289, reducing marginally to 286 at the Census 2011. The Whitegrounds barrow is nearby.

It was historically part of the East Riding of Yorkshire until 1974, then between 1974 and 2023 was part of the Ryedale district. It is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

Ryedale District
54°08′20″N 0°47′24″W﻿ / ﻿54.139°N 0.79°W﻿ / 54.139; -0.79

Ryedale was a non-metropolitan district in North Yorkshire, England. It was in the Vale of Pickering, a low-lying flat area of land drained by the River Derwent. The Vale's landscape is rural with scattered villages and towns. It has been inhabited continuously from the Mesolithic period. The economy was largely agricultural with light industry and tourism playing an increasing role.

Towns included Helmsley, Kirkbymoorside, Malton, Norton-on-Derwent, and Pickering. Part of Ryedale lies within the North York Moors National Park. The A64 passed through Ryedale and villages such as Rillington. In the 2011 Census, the population of this primarily rural area of 150,659 hectares, the largest district in North Yorkshire, was 51,700.