hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Malung-Sälen Municipality
Malung-Sälen Municipality (Swedish: Malung-Sälens kommun) is a municipality in Dalarna County in central Sweden. Its seat is located in the town of Malung.

Malung Municipality was created in 1971 by the amalgamation of "old" Malung with the adjacent entities Lima and Transtrand. In 2007 the Government of Sweden decided to approve the present name, which took effect on 1 January 2008. The reason for the double name, the only of its kind in Sweden, is to promote the skiing resort area Sälen in the northern part of the municipality.

Government of Sweden
The government of the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: Konungariket Sveriges regering) is the national cabinet of Sweden, and the country's executive authority.

The government consists of the prime minister and their cabinet ministers (Swedish: statsråd). The government is responsible for its actions to the Riksdag.

The prime minister is nominated by the Speaker of the Riksdag, and is elected and discharged by vote of the Riksdag. The cabinet ministers are appointed and dismissed at the discretion of the prime minister. The Speaker shall discharge cabinet ministers that have lost a vote of confidence in the Riksdag.

The short-form name regeringen ("the government") is used both in the Basic Laws of Sweden and in the vernacular, while the long-form is only used in international treaties.
KNX-FM
KNX-FM (97.1 MHz, "KNX News 97.1 FM") is a commercial radio station in Los Angeles, California, owned by Audacy, Inc. It airs an all-news radio format simulcast with KNX (1070 AM). The station's studios are located at the intersection of Wilshire and Hauser Boulevards in the Miracle Mile district of Los Angeles, and its transmitter is atop Mount Wilson.

In addition to a standard analog transmission, KNX-FM broadcasts in the HD Radio format and streams online via Audacy. KNX-FM's HD2 subchannel carries Audacy's LGBTQ oriented EDM format "Channel Q", and KNX-HD3 features a non-stop dance mix-show format billed as "Fire Lane".

Analog transmission
Analog transmission is a transmission method of conveying information using a continuous signal which varies in amplitude, phase, or some other property in proportion to that information. It could be the transfer of an analog signal, using an analog modulation method such as frequency modulation (FM) or amplitude modulation (AM), or no modulation at all.

Some textbooks also consider passband data transmission using a digital modulation method such as ASK, PSK and QAM, i.e. a sinewave modulated by a digital bit-stream, as analog transmission and as an analog signal. Others define that as digital transmission and as a digital signal. Baseband data transmission using line codes, resulting in a pulse train, are always considered as digital transmission, although the source signal may be a digitized analog signal.
Wallis Nunataks
Wallis Nunataks (66°52′S 55°39′E﻿ / ﻿66.867°S 55.650°E﻿ / -66.867; 55.650) is a group of four nunataks with steep rock faces on their south and east sides, standing 4 nautical miles (7 km) east-northeast of Mount Storegutt in Enderby Land. Mapped from ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) surveys and air photos, 1954–66. Named by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) for G.R. Wallis, geologist with the ANARE (Nella Dan), 1965.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Wallis Nunataks". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Mount Storegutt
Mount Storegutt (66°53′S 55°27′E﻿ / ﻿66.883°S 55.450°E﻿ / -66.883; 55.450) is a mountain, 1,465 m, standing 28 nautical miles (50 km) west of Edward VIII Bay and 10 nautical miles (18 km) south of Jennings Bluff It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from aerial photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition of 1936–37 and was named Storegutt (big boy).

This article incorporates public domain material from "Mount Storegutt". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
Jawad Khan
Jawad khan (Pashto/Urdu: جواد خان‬; born 24 December 1989, Swabi District) is a Pakistani international baseball player who bowls left arm fast. He is the second player from Swabi to qualify for the Pakistan national baseball team.

Swabi District
Swabi District (Pashto: سوابۍ ولسوالۍ) is a district in the Mardan Division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan. It lies between the Indus and Kabul Rivers. Before becoming a district in 1988, it was a tehsil within the Mardan District. 96% of the population speaks Pashto as their first language.

The dominating tribe of Swabi is the Yusufzai,  followed by the minor Utmankhel, Lodi, Tarakai, Jadoon and Khattak.
HMS Rosalind
There have been two ships of the Royal Navy named HMS Rosalind, named after the protagonist in William Shakespeare's As You Like It:

HMS Rosalind (1913), renamed Liberty shortly after launching in 1913, an L-class destroyer that fought at the Battle of Jutland in 1916 and was broken up in 1921.

HMS Rosalind (1916), an R-class destroyer launched by Thornycroft in 1916 and scrapped in 1926.

John I. Thornycroft & Company
50°53′43.44″N 1°22′56.76″W﻿ / ﻿50.8954000°N 1.3824333°W﻿ / 50.8954000; -1.3824333

John I. Thornycroft & Company Limited, usually known simply as Thornycroft, was a British shipbuilding firm founded by John Isaac Thornycroft in Chiswick in 1866. It moved to Woolston, Southampton, in 1908, merging in 1966 with Vosper & Company to form one organisation called Vosper Thornycroft. From 2002 to 2010 the company acquired several international and US-based defence and services companies, and changed name to the VT Group. In 2008 VT's UK shipbuilding and support operations were merged with those of BAE Systems to create BVT Surface Fleet.  In 2010 remaining parts of the company were absorbed by Babcock International who retained the UK and international operations, but sold the US based operations to the American Jordan Company, who took the name VT Group.
Sam Smelt
Sam Smelt (born 23 August 1996) is a British racing driver, who competes in the British Touring Car Championship with Toyota Gazoo Racing. This is his second spell in the championship having last competed in 2018 with AmD Tuning. He previously raced in the VW Racing Cup and F4 British Championship both in 2017 and in karting before that season. He competed in British GT in 2019.

2019 British GT Championship
The 2019 British GT Championship was the 27th British GT Championship, a sports car championship promoted by the Stéphane Ratel Organisation (SRO). The season began on 20 April at Oulton Park and finished on 15 September at Donington Park, after ten rounds held over seven meetings.
Gothic II
Gothic II is a 2002 action role-playing game developed by Piranha Bytes for Microsoft Windows, and the sequel to Gothic. It was released for Microsoft Windows in 2002 in Germany, in 2003 in the rest of Europe and North America. A Nintendo Switch port titled Gothic II Complete Classic was released in 2023.

Like its predecessor, Gothic II was praised for its story, quest design, game world, music and sound, and NPC behaviour. Reviewers also noted its improved combat controls compared to its predecessor. Criticism focused on the game's dated graphics, technical and performance problems such as clipping issues and crashes, and, in the English-speaking press, the quality of its localization.

Gothic II was a commercial success in Germany and became publisher JoWood's biggest hit at the time of its release. By 2004 it had sold over 300,000 units when combined with its expansion pack, Night of the Raven, and by January 2005 it had sold around 500,000 units across Europe.

Piranha Bytes
Piranha Bytes GmbH was a German video game developer based in Essen. It was best known for their Gothic and Risen series of role-playing video games.

Piranha Bytes was founded in Bochum in 1997 and bought by Phenomedia in 1999. When Phenomedia filed for insolvency in May 2002, the Piranha Bytes management bought out the studio. THQ Nordic, as part of Embracer Group, then acquired the company in May 2019.

Piranha Bytes was reported to be in the process of closing since December 2023. It was closed sometime in June 2024 due to Embracer Group failing to find a new owner for the company, according to a former employee; the company declined to make a public statement on their closure.
Victoria Livengood
Victoria Livengood (born August 8, 1959) is an American mezzo-soprano and voice teacher. She is most renown for her extensive and prestigious international operatic career spanning over 35 years and counting. Her past and current career sees her regularly in the top opera houses around the world. She has sung over 100 different operatic roles throughout her career and over 120 separate performances at the Metropolitan Opera. In her early years, she was most known for her portrayal of the title role of Carmen (sung opposite Plácido Domingo at the Metropolitan Opera) which she has performed over 250 times worldwide. In addition to her continued performance career, she also teaches voice privately in Concord, North Carolina.

Concord, North Carolina
Concord (/ˌkɒnˈkɔːrd/ kon-KORD) is the most populous city in Cabarrus County, North Carolina, United States, and its county seat. The city had a population of 105,240 at the 2020 census. Concord is the second-most populous city in the Charlotte metropolitan area, tenth-most populous city in North Carolina and 287th-most populous city in the U.S.

The city was a winner of the All-America City Award in 2004. Located near the center of Cabarrus County in the Piedmont region, it is 20 miles (32 km) northeast of Uptown Charlotte. Concord is the home to some of North Carolina's top tourist destinations, including NASCAR's Charlotte Motor Speedway and Concord Mills.
Igor Knyazev
Igor Knyazev (born 27 January 1983) is a Russian former professional ice hockey defenceman.  Knyazev was drafted in the first-round, 15th overall by the Carolina Hurricanes in the 2001 NHL Entry Draft. He spent two seasons in the American Hockey League with the Lowell Lock Monsters and the Springfield Falcons before returning to the Russian Super League in 2004.

Russian Superleague
The Russian Superleague (Russian: Чемпионат России Суперлига, Russian Championship Superleague), commonly abbreviated as RSL, was the highest division of the main professional ice hockey league in Russia. It was considered the second-best league in the world, after the National Hockey League (NHL) of North America. It was a part of the Russian Pro Hockey League which was composed of three divisions — the Superleague, Major League (Vysshaya Liga), and First League (Pervaya Liga).

The league was rebranded after the 2007–08 season as the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). The KHL absorbed all 20 teams from the previous RSL season, for a total of 24 for its inaugural campaign.
Agariyashiki
Agariyashiki (上り屋敷) is a residential area in Toshima, Tokyo, Japan. It is located mainly alongliside the Seibu Ikebukuro railway line, in the 2-chōme and 3-chōme of the Nishi-Ikebukuro neighborhood, which belong to the districts of Takada and Nishisugamo respectively.

Though the name is commonly used, it has never been used as an official district name. It is used in the names of Agariyashiki Park and the Agariyashiki town council, as well as the former Agariyashiki Station (on the Seibu Ikebukuro Line), closed in 1953.

The etymology of Agariyashiki is said to come from the Edo period, when it meant a rest area for hunters. The hunting grounds of the Tokugawa clan were located in what is now Otomeyama Park (in present-day Mejiro, Toshima, Shimo-Ochiai, and Shinjuku), and its shōguns are thought to have used the present-day Agariyashiki area as a resting place.

Seibu Ikebukuro Line
The Seibu Ikebukuro Line (西武池袋線, Seibu Ikebukuro-sen) is a railway line of the Japanese private railway operator Seibu Railway. It originates at Ikebukuro Station, a large railway junction in north-western Tokyo, extending to northwest suburbs as far as Tokorozawa, Saitama, and nominally terminates at Agano Station.

The Seibu Chichibu Line from Agano to Seibu-Chichibu Station is an extension. The operation is largely divided into two sections: from Ikebukuro to Hannō Station and from Hannō to Seibu-Chichibu Station.

The section from Hannō to Seibu-Chichibu is single track, but every station except for Higashi-Hanno has passing loops, and trains may pass each other at any stop. There is also a passing loop inside a tunnel where the signal controls bi-directional operation. The rest of all the lines is double track with 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) track gauge.
Mateusz Bogusz
Mateusz Piotr Bogusz (born 22 August 2001) is a Polish professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Major League Soccer side Houston Dynamo and the Poland national team.

Bogusz started his career at Ekstraklasa side Ruch Chorzów, before signing for Leeds United in January 2019. He made his league debut for the club in July 2020, before spending the 2020–21 and 2021–22 seasons on loan in the Segunda División.

2017–18 I liga
The 2017–18 I liga (currently named Nice I liga due to sponsorship reasons) was the 10th season of the Polish I liga under its current title, and the 70th season of the second highest division in the Polish football league system since its establishment in 1949. The league is operated by the Polish Football Association (PZPN). The league is contested by 18 teams. The regular season will be played in a round-robin tournament.
James Kyle
James Kyle is the name of:

James Kyle (bishop) (1788–1869), Roman Catholic bishop who served as the first Vicar Apostolic of the Northern District of Scotland

James Kyle (cricketer) (1879–1919), Australian cricketer

James H. Kyle (1854–1901), American politician, United States Senator from South Dakota

Jim Kyle (born 1950), American lawyer and politician

Jim Kyle
James Fellow Kyle, Jr. (born October 14, 1950) is an American lawyer and politician. He is a former member of the Tennessee Senate for the 30th district, which is composed of part of Memphis. He served as a state senator in the 93rd - 108th Tennessee General Assemblies. He was elected Democratic leader in the Senate beginning in the 104th General Assembly. In 2014, he was elected to serve as Chancellor in Chancery Court Part II in Shelby County, Tennessee.
Württemberg B and B2
The Württemberg Class B and Class B2 engines were steam locomotives with the Royal Württemberg State Railways (Königlich Württembergische Staats-Eisenbahnen) first built in 1868 by the Maschinenfabrik Esslingen ('Esslingen engineering works') in Esslingen in the former Kingdom of Württemberg in southern Germany.

The engines had a Crampton boiler, an inside Allan valve gear and, for the first time in Württemberg, a Prüsmann chimney. They were equipped with 2 T 6.5 tenders.

Royal Württemberg State Railways
The Royal Württemberg State Railways (Königlich Württembergische Staats-Eisenbahnen or K.W.St.E.) were the state railways of the Kingdom of Württemberg (from 1918 the People's State of Württemberg) between 1843 and 1920.
Drasin
Drasin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Drasin (born 1940), American mathematician

Ric Drasin (1944–2020), American bodybuilder, personal trainer, actor, stuntman, author, and professional wrestler

Tamara Drasin (c.1905–1943), American singer and actress

Tamara Drasin
Tamara Drasin (c. 1905 – 22 February 1943), often credited as simply Tamara, was a singer and actress who introduced the song "Smoke Gets in Your Eyes" in the 1933 Broadway musical Roberta.

Tamara Drasin is sometimes confused with two other performers of the 1930s musical era, the dancers Tamara Geva and Tamara Toumanova.
Barlow Bend, Alabama
Barlow Bend is an unincorporated community in Clarke County, Alabama, United States. It is the birthplace of Frank Howard, a college football player and head coach of the Clemson Tigers football team from 1940 to 1969. The first church building in Clarke County was built in Barlow Bend in 1819 by John French, a Methodist minister from Virginia. A post office was operated in Barlow Bend from 1877 to 1976.

Frank Howard (American football)
Frank J. Howard (March 25, 1909 – January 26, 1996) was an American college football player and coach. He played college football for Alabama.  After a career-ending injury, Howard joined the staff at Clemson College and became head coach in 1940.  Howard coached the Clemson Tigers for 30 years, amassing the 15th most wins of any college football coach.  He led Clemson to ten bowl games, an undefeated season in 1948, and several top-20 rankings during his tenure as head coach.  During his stay at Clemson, Howard also oversaw the athletic department, ticket sales, and was an assistant coach for the baseball team.  He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame, the South Carolina Sports Hall of Fame, the Alabama Sports Hall of Fame and the Clemson Ring of Honor.  The playing surface at Clemson's Memorial Stadium is named after him.
2017 Barcelona Formula 2 round
The 2017 Barcelona FIA Formula 2 round was a pair of motor races held on 13 and 14 May 2017 at the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya in Montmeló, Catalonia, Spain as part of the FIA Formula 2 Championship. It was the second round of the 2017 FIA Formula 2 Championship and was run in support of the 2017 Spanish Grand Prix.

Montmeló
Montmeló (Catalan pronunciation: [ˌmomːəˈlo]) is a municipality in the comarca of Vallès Oriental, within the Barcelona metropolitan area, in Catalonia, Spain. It contains the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya, which is the home of the Formula One Barcelona-Catalunya Grand Prix, and was the home of the Spanish Grand Prix until 2025, and the home of MotoGP Catalan Grand Prix.
FAD reductase (NAD(P)H)
FAD reductase (NAD(P)H) (EC 1.5.1.45, GTNG_3158 (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name FADH2:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

FADH2 + NAD(P)+  FAD + NAD(P)H + H+

This enzyme is isolated from the bacterium Geobacillus thermodenitrificans. It takes part in degradation tryptophan.

Tryptophan
Tryptophan (symbol Trp or W) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Tryptophan contains an α-amino group, an α-carboxylic acid group, and a side chain indole, making it a polar molecule with a non-polar aromatic beta carbon substituent. Tryptophan is also a precursor to the neurotransmitter serotonin, the hormone melatonin, and vitamin B3 (niacin). It is encoded by the codon UGG.

Like other amino acids, tryptophan is a zwitterion at physiological pH where the amino group is protonated (–NH+3; pKa = 9.39) and the carboxylic acid is deprotonated ( –COO−; pKa = 2.38).

Humans and many animals cannot synthesize tryptophan: they need to obtain it through their diet, making it an essential amino acid.

Tryptophan is named after the digestive enzymes trypsin, which were used in its first isolation from casein proteins. It was assigned the one-letter symbol W based on the double ring being visually suggestive to the bulky letter.
2020 Washington House of Representatives election
The 2020 Washington House of Representatives elections took place as part of the biennial United States elections on November 3, 2020. Washington state voters elected state representatives in all 98 seats of the House, electing two state representatives in each of the 49 Washington state legislative districts. State representatives serve two-year terms in the Washington House of Representatives.

Following the previous election in 2018, Democrats held a 57-to-41-seat majority over Republicans.

Democrats retained control of the Washington House of Representatives following the 2020 general election, with the balance of power remaining unchanged at 57 (D) to 41 (R).

Only one district, the 10th, elected its two representatives from different parties.

Washington State Democratic Party
The Washington State Democratic Party is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Washington, headquartered in Seattle. It is also commonly referred to as the Washington State Democrats and the Washington Democratic Party. It is currently the dominant party in the state, controlling the majority of Washington's U.S. House seats, both U.S. Senate seats, both houses of the state legislature, and the governorship.
2011 Lenox Industrial Tools 301
The 2011 Lenox Industrial Tools 301 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series motor race held on July 17, 2011, at New Hampshire Motor Speedway in Loudon, New Hampshire. Contested over 301 laps on the 1.058-mile (1.703 km) asphalt oval, it was the 19th race of the 2011 Sprint Cup Series season. The race was won by Ryan Newman of Stewart–Haas Racing, his first win of 2011. Newman's teammate and owner, Tony Stewart finished second and Denny Hamlin clinched third.

There were 10 cautions and 21 lead changes among 14 different drivers throughout the race. Following the race, Carl Edwards led the Drivers' Championship with 652 points, seven ahead of Jimmie Johnson and eleven points ahead of Kurt Busch. Chevrolet led the Manufacturer Championship with 127 points, 17 ahead of Ford and 22 ahead of Toyota. A total of 95,000 people attended the race, while 4.6 million watched it on television.

Loudon, New Hampshire
Loudon is a town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 5,576 at the 2020 census. Loudon is the home of New Hampshire Motor Speedway.

The main village in town, where 711 people lived at the 2020 census, is defined as the Loudon census-designated place and is located along the Soucook River at the southern terminus of New Hampshire Route 129.
Eduardas Vilkelis
Eduardas Vilkelis (7 March 1953 – 22 July 2023) was a Lithuanian economist and politician who served as Minister of Finance in several governments from 1992 to 1995 (under Aleksandras Abišala, Bronislovas Lubys, and Adolfas Šleževičius)

Vilkelis also held positions of the member of the board of Bank of Lithuania (1995–2002), and was President of the Lithuanian Banks Association (1995–2005)

Eduardas Vilkelis died on 22 July 2023, at the age of 70.

Bronislovas Lubys
Bronislovas Lubys (8 October 1938 – 23 October 2011) was a Lithuanian entrepreneur, former Prime Minister of Lithuania, signatory of the Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania, and businessman.

Lubys was born in Plungė. He was CEO and main shareholder of the Lithuanian company Achema. As of August 2008, he was the richest Lithuanian, according to the Lithuanian magazine Veidas.

Lubys died of a heart attack while riding a bicycle in Druskininkai on 23 October 2011.
Toy theorem
In mathematics, a toy theorem is a simplified instance (special case) of a more general theorem, which can be useful in providing a handy representation of the general theorem, or a framework for proving the general theorem. One way of obtaining a toy theorem is by introducing some simplifying assumptions in a theorem.

In many cases, a toy theorem is used to illustrate the claim of a theorem, while in other cases, studying the proofs of a toy theorem (derived from a non-trivial theorem) can provide insight that would be hard to obtain otherwise.

Toy theorems can also have educational value as well. For example, after presenting a theorem (with, say, a highly non-trivial proof), one can sometimes give some assurance that the theorem really holds, by proving a toy version of the theorem.

Special case
In logic, especially as applied in mathematics, concept A is a special case or specialization of concept B precisely if every instance of A is also an instance of B but not vice versa, or equivalently, if B is a generalization of A. A limiting case is a type of special case which is arrived at by taking some aspect of the concept to the extreme of what is permitted in the general case. If B is true, one can immediately deduce that A is true as well, and if B is false, A can also be immediately deduced to be false. A degenerate case is a special case which is in some way qualitatively different from almost all of the cases allowed.