hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
22nd United States Congress
The 22nd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1831, to March 4, 1833, during the third and fourth years of Andrew Jackson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1820 United States census. Both chambers had a Jacksonian majority.

United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
The United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation is a standing committee of the United States Senate. Besides having broad jurisdiction over all matters concerning interstate commerce, science and technology policy, and transportation, the Senate Commerce Committee is one of the largest of the Senate's standing committees, with 28 members in the 117th Congress. The Commerce Committee has six subcommittees. It is chaired by Sen. Ted Cruz (R-TX) with Sen. Maria Cantwell (D-WA) as ranking member. The majority office is housed in the Dirksen Senate Office Building, and the minority office is located in the Hart Senate Office Building.
Surti Narayan Mani Tripathi
Surti Narayan Mani Tripathi, also known as S.N.M. Tripathi and Pandit Tripathi (1900–1988), was an Indian civil servant and later a politician from Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh. He was the first ICS of Uttar Pradesh and the founder president of Gorakhpur University. He served as a Member of the Legislative Council from Uttar Pradesh twice, first from 1967 to 1968 and in the second term from 1974 to 1977. He served as the Vice Chancellor of Sampurnanand Sanskrit Vishwavidyalaya and played an important role in establishment of Gorakhpur University.His Son Prakash Mani Tripathi (Lt. Gen. Retired )and grandson Shashank Mani Tripathi

Gorakhpur district
Gorakhpur district is one of the 75 districts of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. This district is a part of the Gorakhpur division. The city of Gorakhpur, or Gorakhpur is the administrative headquarters of this district and Gorakhpur division. It borders Sant Kabir Nagar district to the west, Kushinagar and Deoria districts to the east, and Maharajganj and Azamgarh districts to the north and south.
Devi Ranjan Tripathy
Devi Ranjan Tripathy is an Indian politician of Biju Janata Dal from Odisha. He is the current MLA of Odisha Legislative Assembly from Banki (Vidhan Sabha constituency). He is the son of Pravat Tripathy who is the senior leader of Biju Janata Dal and 4 times MLA from Banki (Vidhan Sabha constituency). He is also the State President of Biju Chhatra Janta Dal, the student wing of Biju Janata Dal.

Pravat Tripathy
Pravat Tripathy was a leader of Biju Janata Dal and a member of Odisha Legislative Assembly, was expelled from the party due to involvement in Chit fund scam and anti-party activities. He is known to be one of the most corrupt members of BJD and was arrested by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) for his links with Artha Tatwa Group in the multi-hundred crore chit fund scam. The four-time MLA’s was involved in the Ponzi scheme that scammed common people of their savings.

Due to his tainted image, involvement in the scam and anti people activities, he was suspended from BJD in 2014. He was later expelled permanently from the party by BJD Supremo Naveen Patnaik due to anti-party activities.
Lungotevere degli Artigiani
Lungotevere degli Artigiani is the stretch of the lungotevere linking Ponte Testaccio to via Antonio Pacinotti, in Rome's Portuense district. The lungotevere is named after one of the guilds of the medieval Rome, that of the artisans. The avenue goes under the railway bridge of the Tyrrhenian railway, at the point where the Tiber is crossed by the bridge of Industry.

Lungotevere
Lungotevere (Italian for Tiber Waterfront) is an alley or boulevard running along the river Tiber within the city of Rome.
The building of the Lungoteveres required the demolition of the former edifices along the river banks and the construction of retaining walls called muraglioni (massive walls).
2015 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships
The 2015 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships were contested March 26–28, 2015 at the Iowa Natatorium at the University of Iowa in Iowa City, Iowa at the 92nd annual NCAA-sanctioned swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of Division I men's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States.

Texas topped the team standings, the Longhorns' eleventh men's team title.

NCAA Division I men's swimming and diving championships
The NCAA Division I men's swimming and diving championships (formerly the NCAA University Division swimming and diving championships) are contested at an annual swim meet hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the individual and team champions of men's collegiate swimming and diving among its Division I members in the United States. It has been held every year since 1924, except 2020.

The meets take place in a 25-yard pool, except for the Division I meets in 2000 and 2004 which were swum in a 25-meter competition course.

Texas have been the most successful program, with 16 national titles.
St Philip's Cathedral, Birmingham
The Cathedral Church of Saint Philip, also called the Birmingham Cathedral, is a Church of England cathedral and the seat of the Bishop of Birmingham. Built as a parish church in the Baroque style by Thomas Archer, it was consecrated in 1715. Located on Colmore Row in central Birmingham, St Philip's became the cathedral of the newly formed Diocese of Birmingham in 1905. The cathedral is a Grade I listed building.

Bishop of Birmingham
The bishop of Birmingham is the diocesan bishop of the diocese of Birmingham in the Church of England. The bishop's seat, or cathedra, is at the Cathedral Church of Saint Philip in the city of Birmingham. The diocese covers the city of Birmingham and surrounding areas, including Smethwick, Solihull, and northern Warwickshire, and is within the province of Canterbury. The bishopric was created in 1905, when the diocese was formed from part of the diocese of Worcester. The bishop's residence is Bishop's Croft in Harborne, Birmingham.

The current bishop is Michael Volland, who took office on 22 November 2023. The diocese currently has one suffragan bishop, the bishop of Aston.
Robert C. Vaden
Robert Carrington Vaden (October 5, 1882 –  February 20, 1954) was a Virginia businessman and Democratic member of the Senate of Virginia. Allied with the Byrd Organization, Vaden represented a district centered around Danville part time for  three decades. During his last term and in the absence of Virginia's Lieutenant Governors, Vaden led the Virginia senate as its President pro tempore.

Pittsylvania County, Virginia
Pittsylvania County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 60,501. The county seat is Chatham.

Pittsylvania County is included in the Danville, VA Micropolitan Statistical Area.

The largest undeveloped uranium deposit in the United States (seventh largest in the world) is located in Pittsylvania County. (see Uranium mining in Virginia.)
Table tennis at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's singles
The women's singles table tennis event was part of the table tennis programme at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. The event took place from 6 August to 10 August 2016 at Riocentro.

The medals were presented by Ng Ser Miang, IOC member, Singapore and Petra Sörling, Executive Vice President of the ITTF.

Table tennis at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Table tennis at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro took place from 6 to 17 August 2016 at the third pavilion of Riocentro. Around 172 table tennis players (equally distributed between men and women) competed in both the singles and team events. Table tennis had appeared at the Summer Olympics on seven previous occasions beginning with the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. In addition to men's and women's singles, the team events were staged for the third time since replacing doubles events at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.
Traditional story
Traditional stories, or stories about traditions, differ from both fiction and nonfiction in that the importance of transmitting the story's worldview is generally understood to transcend an immediate need to establish its categorization as imaginary or factual. In the academic circles of literature, religion, history, and anthropology, categories of traditional story are important terminology to identify and interpret stories more precisely. Some stories belong in multiple categories and some stories do not fit into any category.

Tall tale
A tall tale is a story with unbelievable elements, related as if it were true and factual. Some tall tales are exaggerations of actual events, for example fish stories ("the fish that got away") such as, "That fish was so big, why I tell ya', it nearly sank the boat when I pulled it in!" Other tall tales are completely fictional tales set in a familiar setting, such as the European countryside, the American frontier, the Canadian Northwest, the Australian outback, or the beginning of the Industrial Revolution.

Events are often told in a way that makes the narrator seem to have been a part of the story; the tone is generally good-natured. Legends are differentiated from tall tales primarily by age; many legends exaggerate the exploits of their heroes, but in tall tales the exaggeration looms large, to the extent of dominating the story.
The Meadows, Florida
The Meadows is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sarasota County, Florida, United States. The population was 5,037 at the 2020 census, up from 3,994 at the 2010 census. The CDP is part of the North Port–Bradenton–Sarasota, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Bradenton, Florida
Bradenton (/ˈbreɪdəntən/ ⓘ BRAY-dən-tən) is a city in and the county seat of Manatee County, Florida, United States. Its population was 55,698 at the 2020 census. It is a principal city in the Sarasota metropolitan area.

Downtown Bradenton is along the Manatee River and includes the Bradenton Riverwalk and Bishop Museum of Science and Nature. To the south of Bradenton is Sarasota; beach communities on Anna Maria Island are to its west, and the Manatee River and Palmetto are to its north.
Edward Everett Nourse
Edward Everett Nourse, D.D. (December 24, 1863 – April 30, 1929) was an American Congregational theologian.

Nourse was born at Bayfield, Wisconsin.  He studied at the College and the Academy at Lake Forest, Illinois, at Macalester College in Minnesota, Hartford Theological Seminary (1891), and in Europe at the University of Jena (1894-95. He was ordained to the Presbyterian ministry in 1893. He served as a pastor at Berlin, Connecticut (1895–98) and afterward at Hartford Theological Seminary, advancing to professor of biblical theology after 1905. He died on April 30, 1929, in West Hartford, Connecticut.

Lake Forest Academy
Lake Forest Academy (also known as LFA) is a co-educational college preparatory school for boarding and day students in grades 9 through 12. The school is located on the North Shore in Lake Forest, Illinois, United States, about 30 miles north of Chicago. As of the 2019–2020 school year, the school enrolled 435 students, with the students coming from 13 states and 35 countries. This school is among the most selective boarding schools in the United States. The current head of school is Tom Johnson. The school is accredited by the National Association of Independent Schools (NAIS), Independent Schools Association of the Central States (ISACS), and the Secondary School Admission Test Board (SSATB).
Hövelhof
Hövelhof (German pronunciation: [ˈhøːvl̩ˌhoːf] ⓘ) is a municipality in the district Paderborn, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Since 14 March 2012, Hövelhof can use the official prefix Sennegemeinde (English: "Senne municipality").

Schloß Holte-Stukenbrock
Schloß Holte-Stukenbrock (German pronunciation: [ʃlɔs ˈhɔltə ˈʃtʊkn̩ˌbʁɔk] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Gütersloh in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located near the Eggegebirge, approx. 15 km east of Gütersloh and 15 km south-east of Bielefeld. It is the source of the river Ems.
In 2004, the town celebrated its 850th anniversary.
Trichambaram inscription
Trichambaram inscription (c. 11th century AD) is a medieval record from Trichambaram, near Taliparamba in north Kerala. The old Malayalam inscription in Vattezhuthu script with additional Grantha characters is engraved on two blocks of granite in the base of the central shrine of the Trichambaram Temple (12 lines, with writing on one side).

The inscription records an endowment of the "Manavepala Manaviyadan", the chieftain of Eranadu, for thiruvilakku at "Trichemmaram Temple".

It also mentions an individual named Kapali Narayanan Bhattavijayan, some plot of land, and the arrangements for weekly supply of oil for the thiruvilakku.

"Manavepala Manaviyadan" was the hereditary title of the chieftains of Eranadu in central Kerala.

Vatteluttu
Vatteluttu (Tamil: வட்டெழுத்து, Vaṭṭeḻuttu and Malayalam: വട്ടെഴുത്ത്, Vaṭṭeḻuttŭ, IPA: [ʋɐʈːeɻut̪ːɨ̆]), also transliterated as Vattezhuthu, was an alphasyllabic or syllabic writing system of south India (Tamil Nadu and Kerala) and Sri Lanka formerly employed for writing the Tamil and Malayalam languages. The script is a sister system of the Pallava-Chola alphabet. The script was patronized by the Pallava, Pandya and Chera rulers of southern India.

Vatteluttu belonged to the "southern group" of Brahmi derivatives (Southern Brahmi, generally associated with Dravidian languages of south India). The script was used in inscriptions and manuscripts of south India for centuries. It is closely related to the Tamil script (although it is more cursive than the Tamil script, with letters with a single curvilinear stroke). The direction of writing in Vatteluttu is from left to right. It notably omits the virama vowel muting device.
Parthenay station
The Gare de Parthenay is a former railway station – now closed to passengers except as a bus station – in the town of Parthenay, in the department of Deux-Sèvres, western France. It was formerly a junction on the Chemins de Fer de l'État main line from Paris (via Thouars and Parthenay) to Niort and Bordeaux, with branch lines running to Poitiers and Bressuire. However, only the lines to Niort and Thouars survive, today carrying no more than the occasional freight train.

The station is currently served by a long-distance bus service from Nantes to Poitiers that forms part of the SNCF's TER Nouvelle-Aquitaine network, and by inter-urban buses of the Réseau routier des Deux-Sèvres connecting Parthenay to Niort, Bressuire, Thouars, and other local towns and villages. The station buildings remain open, and contain separate booking offices for SNCF and Réseau des Deux-Sèvres bus services.

Chemins de fer de l'État
The Administration des chemins de fer de l'État (French pronunciation: [administʁasjɔ̃ de ʃəmɛ̃ də fɛʁ də leta], "State Railway Administration"), often referred to in France as the Réseau de l'État ([ʁezo də leta], "State Network"), was an early state-owned French railway company.
136th Airlift Wing
The 136th Airlift Wing is a unit of the Texas Air National Guard, stationed at Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base Fort Worth, Fort Worth, Texas. If activated to federal service, the wing is gained by the United States Air Force's Air Mobility Command (AMC).

Aerospace Defense Command
Aerospace Defense Command was a major command of the United States Air Force, responsible for air defense of the continental United States. It was activated in 1968 and disbanded in 1980. Its predecessor, Air Defense Command, was established in 1946, briefly inactivated in 1950, reactivated in 1951, and then redesignated Aerospace rather than Air in 1968. Its mission was to provide air defense of the Continental United States (CONUS). It directly controlled all active measures, and was tasked to coordinate all passive means of air defense.
Lukonde cabinet
The Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo Sama Lukonde was appointed on 15 February 2021. He announced his first cabinet on 12 April 2021. On 24 March 2023, a second cabinet was announced.

Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
The prime minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (French: Premier ministre de la République démocratique du Congo, Swahili: Waziri Mkuu wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, Lingala: Minisele ya Yambo wa Republiki ya Kɔ́ngɔ Demokratiki) is the head of government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The Constitution of the Third Republic grants the prime minister a significant amount of power.

The post is currently occupied by Judith Suminwa who succeeded Sama Lukonde on 12 June 2024. She is the first woman prime minister of the country.
Bill Reichenbach Jr.
William Frank Reichenbach Jr. (born November 30, 1949) is an American jazz trombonist and composer. He is the son of Bill Reichenbach, who was the drummer for Charlie Byrd from 1962 to 1973. He is best known as a session musician for television, films, cartoons, and commercials. He primarily specializes in playing the bass trombone, however, he is also proficient in playing other instruments such as the tenor trombone, contrabass trombone, euphonium, and tuba.

In 1997 he recorded a solo album, Special Edition, where he is featured on tenor as well as bass trombone.

Charlie Byrd
Charlie Lee Byrd (September 16, 1925 – December 2, 1999) was an American jazz guitarist who played fingerstyle on a classical guitar. Byrd was best known for his association with Brazilian music, especially bossa nova. In 1962, he collaborated with Stan Getz on the album Jazz Samba, a recording which brought bossa nova into the mainstream of North American music.
Zoltán Fábián
Zoltán Fábián (born 22 April 1969) is a male hammer thrower from Hungary. His personal best throw is 78.20 metres, achieved in June 1998 in Budapest.

He competed at the 1994 European Championships and the 1997 World Championships, but without reaching the final. He never became national champion; the competition from Tibor Gécsek, Balázs Kiss, Adrián Annus and Zsolt Németh was too strong, but he did win a bronze medal in 1994.

Continuing as a Masters athlete, he won the M45 division at the 2015 World Masters Athletics Championships.

Adrián Annus
Adrián Zsolt Annus (born 28 June 1973 in Szeged) is a Hungarian hammer thrower, who was stripped of his gold medal at the 2004 Summer Olympic Games in Athens for a doping violation in a highly publicized scandal. The disqualification received heightened attention, as it came on the heels of several drug scandals at the Athens Games and came as Annus' teammate, discus thrower Róbert Fazekas was also stripped of his Olympic title for a doping violation. The incident also received attention, as Annus refused for several months to return his gold medal, relenting only after the International Olympic Committee put pressure on the Hungarian Olympic Committee and threatened sanctions.
Kern Front Oil Field
The Kern Front Oil Field is a large oil and gas field in the lower Sierra Nevada foothills in Kern County, California.  Discovered in 1912, and with a cumulative production of around 210 million barrels (33,000,000 m3) of oil, it ranks 29th in size in the state, and is believed to retain approximately ten percent of its original oil (approximately 22 million barrels (3,500,000 m3)), according to the official estimates of the California Department of Oil, Gas, and Geothermal Resources (DOGGR).  It is adjacent to the much larger Kern River Oil Field, which is to the southeast, and the Mount Poso Oil Field to the north.

ARCO
ARCO (/ˈɑːrkoʊ/ AR-koh) is a brand of gasoline stations owned by Marathon Petroleum. BP, which formerly owned the brand, uses it in California, Oregon and Washington, while Marathon has rights for the rest of the United States and Mexico.

ARCO was established in 1966 as the Atlantic Richfield Company, an independent oil and gas company formed from the merger of Atlantic Petroleum and the Richfield Oil Corporation.
Haanja Landscape Conservation Area
Haanja Landscape Conservation Area is a nature park situated in Võru County, Estonia.

Its area is 17040 ha.

The protected area was designated in 1957 to protect areas and nature of Haanja Parish (including Suur Munamägi, Vällamägi and Rõuge lakes). In 1979, the protected area was redesigned to the landscape conservation area. It is now located in Rõuge Parish and Võru Parish.

Suur Munamägi
Suur Munamägi (Estonian pronunciation: [ˈsuːr ˈmunɑ.mæɡi]; translation 'Big Egg Mountain') is the highest peak in Estonia (and the Baltic states), reaching 318 metres (1,043 ft) above sea level. It is located near the village of Haanja, in Võru County in the southeastern corner of Estonia, close to the borders of both Latvia and Russia. The landscape around the peak—the Haanja Upland—is gently hilly.
Al-Qudayriyya
Al-Qudayriyya  (Arabic: القديرية)  was a Palestinian Arab village in the Safad Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on May 4, 1948, by the Haganah and the Palmach's First Battalion of Operation Matate, a sub-operation of Operation Yiftach. It was located 6.5 km south of Safad, situated 1 km east of Wadi al-'Amud.

Safad Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine
The Safad Subdistrict (Arabic: قضاء صفد; Hebrew: נפת צפת) was  one of the subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine before it was captured by Israel in 1948. It was located around the city of Safad. After the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the subdistrict, which fell entirely within modern-day Israel, became the modern-day Safed Subdistrict in the Northern District (Israel).
Sloat's Dam and Mill Pond
Sloat's Dam and Mill Pond is located between Waldron Terrace and Ballard Avenue in Sloatsburg, New York, United States. The 200-foot–long (60 m) concrete dam creates the mill pond north of it by impounding the Ramapo River.

It was created by Stephen Sloat in 1792, and renovated two decades later. It was the earliest of three dams on the river in today's Rockland County that supported milling operations; today it is the only one that remains mostly intact, although the mill shut down after a mid-20th century fire. In 2000 it and several accessory structures were listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Ramapo River
The Ramapo River is a tributary of the Pompton River in southern New York and northern New Jersey in the United States.  It rises in Monroe, New York, and flows into the Pompton approximately 30 mi (48 km) downstream.
Sheila Sherlock
Dame Sheila Patricia Violet Sherlock (31 March 1918 – 30 December 2001) was a British physician and medical educator who is considered the major 20th-century contributor to the field of hepatology (the study of the liver).

University of Mainz
The Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (German: Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz) is a public research university in Mainz, Rhineland Palatinate, Germany. It has been named after the printer Johannes Gutenberg since 1946. As of 2018, it had approximately 32,000 students enrolled in around 100 academic programs. The university is organized into 11 faculties.

The university is a member of the German U15, a group of fifteen major research and medical universities in Germany. It also participates in the IT-Cluster Rhine-Main-Neckar and forms part of the Rhine-Main-Universities (RMU) along with Goethe University Frankfurt and Technische Universität Darmstadt.

The first university of Mainz was founded in 1477, it is one of the oldest universities in Europe, although it was later closed and re-founded 148 years later.