hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Transport in Cuddalore
Cuddalore is connected to other parts of Tamil Nadu through rail and road networks. Frequent buses run to nearby towns. Roads include:

National Highway NH 32 (Chennai - Tindivanam - Pondicherry - Cuddalore - Chidambaram - Nagapattinam - Velankanni - Thondi - Ramanathapuram - Sayalkudi - Thoothukudi Highway) passes through Cuddalore.

Three state highways connected to other parts of Tamil Nadu:

SH-9, (the Cuddalore–Nellikuppam–Melpattampakkam–Panruti–Madapattu–Thirukovilur–Tiruvannamalai–Polur–Vellore–Katpadi–Chittoor road)
NH-532, (the Cuddalore-Vadalur-Neyveli-Vriddhachalam-Veppur-Salem Road)
SH-68, (the Cuddalore-Thiruvanthipuram-Palur-Panruti-Arasur-Thirukovilur-Sankarapuram Road)

Tirukoilur
Tirukoilur also spelt as Tirukkoyilur  or Tirukovilur is a Town and the Headquarters of Tirukoilur taluk in villupuram District, Tamil Nadu, India. This town is located on the southern bank of  Thenpennai River and famous for the Ulagalantha Perumal Temple, the Veerateeswarar Temple and the Kabilar Kundru. Tirukoilur is located on the highway connecting cities of Tiruvannamalai and Vellore with Southern Tamil Nadu. The town is served by Tirukoilur railway station (formerly, Arakandanallur Thirukovilur railway station).

Vanavan Mahadevi, the mother of Rajaraja Chola I, was born as a Tamil princess of Chera dynasty in Tirukoilur.
Oprah Winfrey (painting)
An oil painting of Oprah Winfrey by Shawn Michael Warren was unveiled at the National Portrait Gallery in Washington, D.C. in 2023.

The painting portrays Winfrey smiling and wearing a voluminous purple taffeta dress by Christian Siriano; the color references her first film role in Steven Spielberg's 1985 version of The Color Purple. Winfrey is depicted walking across a grass lawn amid the oak trees of the verdant prayer garden at her estate in Montecito, California, holding an olive branch in her left hand.

The artist received the commission after painting a mural of Winfrey in the West Loop neighborhood of Chicago in 2020, near where Winfrey's Harpo Studios had been located until 2015. The full-length portrait measures approximately 70 in × 56 in (180 cm × 140 cm) and has been added to the permanent collection of the Smithsonian's National Portrait Gallery.

Harpo Productions
Harpo Productions (or Harpo Studios) is an American multimedia production company founded by Oprah Winfrey in Chicago and based in West Hollywood, California. The name "Harpo" is "Oprah" spelled backwards, and it was also the name of her on-screen husband in the film The Color Purple (1985).
Ayaka: A Story of Bonds and Wounds
Ayaka: A Story of Bonds and Wounds (あやか, Ayaka) is an original Japanese anime television series created and written by GoRA, animated by Studio Blanc and produced by King Records. It is directed by Nobuyoshi Nagayama, with Kana Shibue composing the music and Ryō Tanaka directing the sound at Bit Grooove Promotion. Original character designs are provided by Redjuice, while Misaki Kaneko adapts those designs for animation. It aired from July 2 to September 17, 2023, on Tokyo MX and BS11. The opening theme song, "AYAKASHI", is performed by Angela, while the ending theme song, "Flashback", is performed by saji. Crunchyroll streamed the series. Medialink licensed the series in Asia-Pacific. A spin-off manga written by GoRA and illustrated by Ryo Kuroda, titled Ayaka: Muzzle Flash Back, began serialization in Ichijinsha's Monthly Comic Zero Sum magazine on July 28, 2023.

Medialink
Medialink Group Limited is a content distributor and licensor based in Kowloon, Hong Kong specializing in the distribution of Japanese anime and brand licensing. Its offices are located at Mody Road, Tsim Sha Tsui.

Registered from Hong Kong Companies Registry, Medialink was founded as Medialink International Limited by Lovinia Chiu in March 1994. In 2018, co-founders Lovinia and Noletta Chiu integrated Medialink Entertainment and Medialink Animation International into the Medialink Group, which was listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in 2019.
1936 Birthday Honours
The King's Birthday Honours 1936 were appointments in many of the Commonwealth realms of King Edward VIII to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries. The appointments were made to celebrate the official birthday of The King. They were published on 19 June 1936.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

United Provinces of Agra and Oudh
The United Provinces of Agra and Oudh was a province of India under the British Raj, which existed from 22 March 1902 to 1937; the official name was shortened by the Government of India Act 1935 to United Provinces (UP), by which the province had been commonly known, and by which name it was also a province of independent India until 1950.

It corresponded approximately to the present-day Indian states of Uttar Pradesh (UP) and Uttarakhand. Allahabad served as the administrative headquarters and the capital of the province. Two years after the annexation of Oudh State in 1856, i.e. after 1858 and until 1902, the region had existed as North-Western Provinces and Oudh, Oudh being a Chief Commissionership.

Lucknow became its capital some time after 1921. Nainital was the summer capital of the province.
Alexander Y Type
The Alexander Y Type was a long-running design of single-decker bus and single-decker intercity bus bodywork built by Walter Alexander Coachbuilders in Falkirk, Scotland. It was built on a wide range of chassis between 1962 and 1983. A small number were built at Alexander's Belfast subsidiary.

From 1971, it became the AY Type (with the A signifying alloy construction) or AYS Type (with the S signifying service bus specification), although in common usage all are referred to simply as Y Type.

The Alexander Y Type was replaced by the P Type single-deck bus body in 1983, assembled with a light aluminium frame on the Dennis Lancet, Leyland Leopard, Leyland Tiger, Scania K92CRB and Volvo B10M chassis. After securing a handful of orders, including those from some SBG companies in the lead-up to bus deregulation in Great Britain, the P Type was replaced in 1988 by the ultimately more successful PS Type.

Volvo B10M
The Volvo B10M is a mid-engine city bus and coach chassis manufactured by Volvo between 1978 and 2003. It succeeded the B58 and was equipped with the same 9.6-litre horizontally mounted Volvo diesel engine mounted under the floor behind the front axle. An articulated bus version under the model name Volvo B10MA was also offered, as was a semi-integral version known as the C10M, with the engine in the middle of the chassis.
Nesillas
Nesillas is a genus of Old World warbler in the family Acrocephalidae. Established by Harry Church Oberholser in 1899, it contains the following species:

Grande Comore brush warbler (Nesillas brevicaudata)

Subdesert brush warbler (Nesillas lantzii)

Anjouan brush warbler (Nesillas longicaudata)

Moheli brush warbler (Nesillas mariae)

Malagasy brush warbler (Nesillas typica)

Aldabra brush warbler (Nesillas aldabrana) (extinct)

The name Nesillas is created from the Greek words nēsos, meaning "island" (a reference to Madagascar) and illas, meaning "thrush".

Grande Comore brush warbler
The Grande Comore brush warbler (Nesillas brevicaudata) is a species of Old World warbler in the family Acrocephalidae.
It is found in Comoros and Mayotte.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
Dinas railway station (Festiniog Railway)
Dinas station was built by the Festiniog Railway (FR). It was the first passenger station in Blaenau Ffestiniog, then in Merionethshire, now in Gwynedd, Wales. This station is not to be confused with Dinas some miles distant on the Welsh Highland Railway; nor is it to be confused with the Festiniog and Blaenau Railway's northern terminus in the centre of Blaenau Ffestiniog which was sometimes referred to colloquially as "Dinas".

Ffestiniog Railway
The Ffestiniog Railway (Welsh: Rheilffordd Ffestiniog) is a heritage railway based on 1 ft 11+1⁄2 in (597 mm) narrow-gauge, in Gwynedd, Wales. It is a major tourist attraction located mainly within the Snowdonia National Park.

The railway is about 13+1⁄2 miles (21.7 km) long and runs from the harbour at Porthmadog to the slate mining town of Blaenau Ffestiniog, travelling through forested and mountainous terrain. The line is single track throughout with four intermediate passing places. The first mile of the line out of Porthmadog runs atop an embankment called the Cob, which is the dyke of the polder known as Traeth Mawr.

The Festiniog Railway Company, which owns the railway, is the oldest surviving railway company in the world. It also owns the Welsh Highland Railway, which was re-opened fully in 2011. The two railways share the same track gauge and meet at Porthmadog station, with occasional trains working the entire 40-mile (64 km) route from Blaenau Ffestiniog to Caernarfon.
System of systems
The term system of systems refers to a collection of task-oriented or dedicated systems that pool their resources and capabilities together to create a new, more complex system which offers more functionality and performance than simply the sum of the constituent systems. Currently, systems of systems is a critical research discipline for which frames of reference, thought processes, quantitative analysis, tools, and design methods are incomplete. referred to system of systems engineering.

Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development
The Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development, also called Framework Programmes or abbreviated FP1 to FP9, are funding programmes created by the European Union/European Commission to support and foster research in the European Research Area (ERA). Starting in 2014, the funding programmes were named Horizon.

The funding programmes began in 1984 and continue to the present day. The most recent programme, Horizon Europe, has a budget of 95.5 billion Euros to be distributed over 7 years.

The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods. In FP6 and FP7, focus was on technological research. In Horizon 2020, the focus was on innovation, delivering economic growth faster, and delivering solutions to end users that are often governmental agencies.
3D modeling
In 3D computer graphics, 3D modeling is the process of developing a mathematical coordinate-based representation of a surface of an object (inanimate or living) in three dimensions via specialized software by manipulating edges, vertices, and polygons in a simulated 3D space.

Three-dimensional (3D) models represent a physical body using a collection of points in 3D space, connected by various geometric entities such as triangles, lines, curved surfaces, etc. Being a collection of data (points and other information), 3D models can be created manually, algorithmically (procedural modeling), or by scanning. Their surfaces may be further defined with texture mapping.

Tessellation (computer graphics)
In computer graphics, tessellation is the dividing of datasets of polygons (sometimes called vertex sets) presenting objects in a scene into suitable structures for rendering. Especially for real-time rendering, data is tessellated into triangles, for example in OpenGL 4.0 and Direct3D 11.
Enköpings RK
Enköpings Rugby Klubb - Also known as ERK - is situated in the town of Enköping, which has a population of approximately 40,000 people. The town is within a 40-minute drive of the major cities of Stockholm, Uppsala and Västerås.

Swedish Rugby Union
The Swedish Rugby Union (Swedish: Svenska Rugbyförbundet) is the governing body for rugby union in Sweden. The Stockholm Rugby Union (Swedish: Stockholms Rugbyförbund) was founded on 29 May 1932. It is unclear exactly when it became the "Swedish Rugby Union", but it is supposed to have occurred sometime between 1932 and 1936. It became affiliated to the International Rugby Board in 1988.
Digervarden
Digervarden is a mountain in Lesja Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,780-metre (5,840 ft) tall mountain lies inside Reinheimen National Park, about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) south of the village of Lesjaskog. The mountain Mehøi lies about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) northeast and the mountain Grønhøe lies about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the southwest.

Lesja Municipality
Lesja is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Gudbrandsdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Lesja. Other villages in the municipality include Bjorli, Lesjaskog, Lesjaverk, and Lora.

The 2,259.49-square-kilometre (872.39 sq mi) municipality is the 25th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Lesja Municipality is the 281st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,006. The municipality's population density is 0.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.3/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 4.5% over the previous 10-year period.
Chrysippus of Cnidos
Chrysippus of Cnidos (Ancient Greek: Χρύσιππος ὁ Κνίδιος, 4th century BC) was a Greek physician. He was the son of Erineus, and a contemporary of Praxagoras, a pupil of Eudoxus of Cnidos and Philistion of Locri, father of Chrysippus the physician to Ptolemy Soter, and tutor to Erasistratus, Aristogenes, Medius, and Metrodorus. He accompanied his tutor Eudoxus into Egypt, but nothing more is known of the events of his life. He wrote several works, which are not now extant, and Galen says, that even in his time they were in danger of being lost. Several of his medical opinions are, however, preserved by Galen, by whom he is frequently quoted and referred to.

Eudoxus of Cnidus
Eudoxus of Cnidus (/ˈjuːdəksəs/; Ancient Greek: Εὔδοξος ὁ Κνίδιος, Eúdoxos ho Knídios; c. 390 – c. 340 BC) was an ancient Greek astronomer, mathematician, doctor, and lawmaker. He was a student of Archytas and Plato. All of his original works are lost, though some fragments are preserved in Hipparchus's Commentaries on the Phenomena of Aratus and Eudoxus. Spherics by Theodosius of Bithynia may be based on a work by Eudoxus.
Clive Steele
Major General Sir Clive Selwyn Steele, KBE, DSO, MC, VD (30 September 1892 – 5 August 1955) was an engineer and a senior officer of the Australian Army who served in both the First and Second World Wars. He was instrumental in the expansion of the Royal Australian Engineers (RAE) in preparation for the war against Japan.

Major general (Australia)
Major general (abbreviated MAJGEN) is a senior rank of the Australian Army, and was created as a direct equivalent of the British military rank of major general. It is the third-highest active rank of the Australian Army (the rank of field marshal not being held by any currently serving officer), and is considered to be equivalent to a two-star rank. A major general commands a division or the equivalent.

Major general is a higher rank than brigadier, but lower than lieutenant general. Major general is the equivalent of rear admiral in the Royal Australian Navy and air vice marshal in the Royal Australian Air Force.

The insignia for a major general is the star (or 'pip') of the Order of the Bath (despite membership of the Order no longer being awarded to Australians), above a crossed Mameluke sword and baton.
Cherry Gully Tunnel
Cherry Gully Tunnel is a heritage-listed railway tunnel on the Warwick–Stanthorpe Line, Silverwood, Southern Downs Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1878 to 1880 by J & A Overend & Co. It is also known as Gorge Tunnel and Big Tunnel. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 28 July 2000.

Southern Downs Region
The Southern Downs Region is a local government area (LGA) in the Darling Downs region of Queensland, Australia. The region runs along the state's southern boundary with New South Wales and was created in 2008 from a merger of the Shire of Warwick and the Shire of Stanthorpe. As at 2024, it has an area of 7,088 square kilometres (2,737 sq mi).

In the 2021 census, the Southern Downs Region had a population of 36,290 people.
E. S. Hoyt House
The E.S. Hoyt House is a historic house in Red Wing, Minnesota, United States, designed by the firm of Purcell & Elmslie and built in 1913. The house is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is also a contributing property to the Red Wing Residential Historic District.

Red Wing, Minnesota
Red Wing is a city in and the county seat of Goodhue County, Minnesota, United States, along the upper Mississippi River. The population was 16,547 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area.

The federal government established a Mdewakanton Sioux Indian reservation—now Prairie Island Indian Community—in 1936 along the Mississippi River. The city of Red Wing developed around it.

The National Trust for Historic Preservation placed Red Wing on its 2008 distinctive destinations list because of its "impressive architecture and enviable natural environment".
Freda Betti
Freda Betti (26 February 1924 – 13 November 1979), whose birth name was Frédérique Thérèse Augusta Betti, was a French mezzo-soprano singer whose career was mainly confined to France. She left a range of recordings representative of her repertoire.

The Medium
The Medium is a short (one-hour-long) two-act dramatic opera with words and music by Gian Carlo Menotti. Commissioned by the Alice M. Ditson Fund at Columbia University, its first performance was there on 8 May 1946, with Claramae Turner as Madame Flora. The opera's first professional production was presented on a double bill with Menotti's The Telephone at the Heckscher Theater, New York City, February 18–20, 1947 by the Ballet Society. The Broadway production took place on May 1, 1947, at the Ethel Barrymore Theater with the same cast.

In 1951, Menotti directed, with the help of filmmaker Alexander Hammid, a film version made to resemble film noir, and starring Marie Powers as Madame Flora and Anna Maria Alberghetti as Monica. A live television production starring Marie Powers took place on 12 December 1948 on the TV series Studio One and on 14 February, 1959 on Omnibus, starring Claramae Turner.

It was also filmed for Australian TV in 1960.
Decisions, Decisions
Decisions, Decisions is a 15-part educational role-playing video game series by Tom Snyder Productions, released from the 1980s to the early 2000s. It has also been described as a "media-assisted Simulation Game" series.

Simulation video game
Simulation video games are a diverse super-category of video games, generally designed to closely simulate real world activities. A simulation game attempts to copy various activities from real life in the form of a game for various purposes such as training, analysis, prediction, or entertainment. Usually there are no strictly defined goals in the game, and the player is allowed to control a character or environment freely. Well-known examples are war games, business games, and role play simulation. From three basic types of strategic, planning, and learning exercises: games, simulations, and case studies, a number of hybrids may be considered, including simulation games that are used as case studies. Comparisons of the merits of simulation games versus other teaching techniques have been carried out by many researchers and a number of comprehensive reviews have been published.
Shah Abdul Wahhab (born 1831)
Shah Abdul Wahhab (9 October 1831 – 1921), also known as A'la Hadrat, was a Sunni Islamic scholar and reformer. He was active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was from the southern part of India. Like Shah Waliullah Muhaddith Dehlvi, he was worried about the state of the South Indian Muslims, especially those of Nagore and its nearby regions. In 1857, he founded the Madrasa Al-Baqiyat As-Salihat in Vellore.

Bid'ah
In Islam and sharia (Islamic law), bidʿah (Arabic: بدعة [ˈbɪdʕæ], lit. 'innovation') refers to innovation in religious matters. The category is further divided into bid'ah al-ibadat and bi'da al-mu'amalat. The first category refers to innovations in sacred matters, such as worship, and are generally forbidden as it violates the textual source of the Quran and the Sunnah. The second refers to innovations in the mundane realm and is often permissible, as long as it does not violate the Sharia.

Linguistically, as an Arabic word, the term can be defined more broadly, as "innovation, novelty, heretical doctrine, heresy". In classical Arabic literature outside of religion, bidʻah has been used as a form of praise for outstanding compositions of prose and poetry. The alternative positive concept for bidah is maslaha.
Vidarbha Cricket Association
The Vidarbha Cricket Association is the governing body of the cricket activities in the Vidarbha region in Maharashtra state of India and the Vidarbha cricket team. It is affiliated to the Board of Control for Cricket in India.

N. K. P. Salve remained President of Vidarbha Cricket Association from 1972 to 1980, he later remained president of Board of Control for Cricket in India from 1982 to 1985.

Vidarbha cricket team
The Vidarbha cricket team is an Indian domestic cricket team plays in the India's domestic first-class cricket competition Ranji Trophy and limited-overs Vijay Hazare Trophy and Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. It represents the Vidarbha region of eastern Maharashtra. In December 2017, they reached the final of the Ranji Trophy for the first time in their history, after they beat Karnataka by 5 runs in the semi-finals of the 2017–18 Ranji Trophy tournament. In the final, they beat Delhi by 9 wickets to win their first Ranji Trophy. In the 2018-19 Ranji Trophy, Vidarbha successfully defended the crown by defeating Saurashtra by 78 runs in the final played at Nagpur. They won the third title in 2024-25 Ranji Trophy season.
Amber Nguyen
Amber Katherine Nguyen (born February 26, 2002) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a midfielder for USL Super League club Lexington SC. She played college soccer for the Vanderbilt Commodores and the Georgia Bulldogs.

2020 SEC women's soccer tournament
The 2020 SEC women's soccer tournament is the postseason women's soccer tournament for the 2020 Southeastern Conference season. The tournament is being contested over five days between November 13–22 at the Orange Beach Sportsplex in Orange Beach, Alabama. The South Carolina Gamecocks are the defending champions.

Due to the shortened conference season as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, this year's conference tournament includes every team, in a format identical to that of the men's and women's basketball tournaments.
Walk-to-strikeout ratio
In baseball statistics, walk-to-strikeout ratio (BB/K) is a measure of a hitter's plate discipline and knowledge of the strike zone. Generally, a hitter with a good walk-to-strikeout ratio must exhibit enough patience at the plate to refrain from swinging at bad pitches and take a base on balls, but he must also have the ability to recognize pitches within the strike zone and avoid striking out. Joe Morgan and Wade Boggs are two examples of hitters with a good walk-to-strikeout ratio. A hit by pitch is not counted statistically as a walk and therefore not counted in the walk-to-strikeout ratio.

The inverse of this, the strikeout-to-walk ratio, is used to compare pitchers.

Hit by pitch
In baseball, hit by pitch (HBP) is an event in which a batter or his clothing or equipment (other than his bat) is struck directly by a pitch from the pitcher; the batter is called a hit batsman (HB). A hit batsman is awarded first base, provided that (in the plate umpire's judgment) he made an honest effort to avoid the pitch, although failure to do so is rarely called by an umpire. Being hit by a pitch is often caused by a batter standing too close to, or "crowding", home plate.

The rule dates from 1887; before that, a pitch that struck the batter was merely a ball.