hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2018 European Athletics U18 Championships
The 2018 European Athletics U18 Championships was the second edition of the biennial, continental athletics competition for European athletes aged fifteen to seventeen. It was held in Győr, Hungary from 5 to 8 July at the Olympic Sport Park.

European Athletics U18 Championships
The European Athletics U18 Championships (named as European Athletics Youth Championships in 2016) are a biennial athletics competition for European athletes under the age of eighteen (youth category).

The creation of the competition stemmed from the 2013 European Athletics Congress. The event was created to promote the sport among young people in Europe. Each country may send a maximum of two athletes per event. The European U18 Championships will be the third age category championships organised by the European Athletic Association, following on from the long-running European Athletics U20 Championships (first held in 1970) and the European Athletics U23 Championships (first held in 1997).

The first iteration of the championships took place in 2016. This means that the event serves in the alternate years between the European Youth Olympic Festival, another biennial under-18s event hosted by the European Olympic Committees.
Austracantha
Austracantha is a genus of spider with a single species, Austracantha minax, commonly known as the jewel spider or the Christmas spider. It is a member of the family Araneidae (the orb-weavers) and is endemic to Australia. They are relatively small spiders, reaching a maximum total body length of only around 12 mm (0.47 in) for females, and 5 mm (0.20 in) for males. Their abdomen has six distinctive projections ("spines") that makes them easy to identify. They are predominantly a shiny black, with variable white, yellow, and orange patterns. Melanistic forms also occur during autumn. They are facultatively gregarious, and can be found in large aggregations of overlapping orb webs. They feed on small flying insects that get entangled in their webs.  They are harmless to humans, though the webs can be a nuisance for bushwalkers. They are most abundant during the summer months.

Gasteracantha
Gasteracantha is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first named by Carl Jakob Sundevall in 1833. Species of the genus are known as  spiny-backed orb-weavers, spiny orb-weavers, or spiny spiders. The females of most species are brightly colored with six prominent spines on their broad, hardened, shell-like abdomens.
Afturelding (men's handball)
The Afturelding men's handball team, commonly known as Afturelding or UMF Afturelding, is an Iceland team handball club from Mosfellsbær, that plays in the Úrvalsdeild karla. It is part of the Ungmennafélagið Afturelding multi-sport club.

Ungmennafélagið Afturelding
Ungmennafélagið Afturelding (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈuŋkˌmɛnːaˌfjɛːˌlaijɪð ˈaftʏrˌɛltiŋk], lit. 'Dawn Youth Club'), commonly known as Afturelding or UMFA, is a professional Icelandic multi-sports club from the town of Mosfellsbær located just north of the capital Reykjavík. The club was founded in 1909 and today is primarily known for its handball, football and volleyball teams.
MediaTek
MediaTek Inc. (Chinese: 聯發科技股份有限公司; pinyin: Liánfā Kējì Gǔfèn Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī), sometimes informally abbreviated as MTK, is a Taiwanese fabless semiconductor company that designs and markets a range of semiconductor products, providing chips for wireless communications, high-definition television, handheld mobile devices like smartphones and tablet computers, navigation systems, consumer multimedia products and digital subscriber line services as well as optical disc drives.

Founded in 1997 and headquartered in Hsinchu, the company has 41 offices worldwide and was the third largest fabless chip designer worldwide in 2016. The company also provides its customers with reference designs. MediaTek became the biggest smartphone chipset vendor with 31% market share in Q3 2020. This was assisted by its strong performance in regions such as China and India.

Qualcomm
Qualcomm Incorporated (/ˈkwɒlkɒm/) is an American multinational corporation headquartered in San Diego, California, and incorporated in Delaware. It creates semiconductors, software and services related to wireless technology. It owns patents critical to the 5G, 4G, CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA and WCDMA mobile communications standards.

Qualcomm was established in 1985 by Irwin Jacobs and six others. Its early research into code-division multiple access (CDMA) wireless cell phone technology was funded by selling a two-way mobile digital satellite communications system known as Omnitracs. After a heated debate in the wireless industry, CDMA was adopted as a 2G standard in North America, with Qualcomm's patents incorporated. Afterwards, there was a series of legal disputes about pricing for licensing patents required by the standard.

Over the years, Qualcomm has expanded into selling semiconductor products in a predominantly fabless manufacturing model.
Makuri Stream
The Makuri Stream is a tributary of the Pātea River, in the upper catchment among the eastern Taranaki hill country.  The Makuri catchment falls entirely within the Stratford district, and takes in the settlements of Huinga, Huiroa and Kiore.

Stratford, New Zealand
Stratford (Māori: Whakaahurangi) is the only town in Stratford District, and the seat of the Taranaki region, in New Zealand's North Island. It lies beneath the eastern slopes of Mount Taranaki, approximately halfway between New Plymouth and Hāwera, near the geographic centre of the Taranaki Region. The town has a population of 6,430, making it the 62nd largest urban area in New Zealand (using the Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018 (SSGA18)), and the fourth largest in Taranaki (behind New Plymouth, Hāwera and Waitara).

The Stratford District has a population of 10,500, and a land area of 2,163.35 km2 (835.27 sq mi), which is divided between the Manawatū-Whanganui region (including the settlements of Whangamōmona, Marco and Tahora, 31.87% of its land area) and the Taranaki region (68.13% of its land area).
Thunnus tonggol
Thunnus tonggol is a species of tuna of tropical Indo-West Pacific waters.

It is commonly known as the longtail tuna or northern bluefin tuna. The usage of the latter name, mainly in Australia to distinguish it from the southern bluefin tuna, leads to easy confusion with Thunnus thynnus of the Atlantic and Thunnus orientalis of the North Pacific. Compared to these "true" bluefins, Thunnus tonggol is more slender and has shorter pectoral fins.

Thunnus tonggol reaches 145 centimetres (57 in) in length and 35.9 kilograms (79 lb) in weight. Compared to similar-sized tunas, its growth is slower and it lives longer, which may make it vulnerable to overfishing.

Southern bluefin tuna
The southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii) is a tuna of the family Scombridae found in open southern Hemisphere waters of all the world's oceans mainly between 30°S and 50°S, to nearly 60°S. At up to 2.5 metres (8 ft 2 in) and weighing up to 260 kilograms (570 lb), it is among the larger bony fishes.

Southern bluefin tuna, like other pelagic tuna species, are part of a group of bony fishes that can maintain their body core temperature up to 10 °C (18 °F) above the ambient temperature. This advantage enables them to maintain high metabolic output for predation and migrating large distances. The southern bluefin tuna is an opportunistic feeder, preying on a wide variety of fish, crustaceans, cephalopods, salps, and other marine fishes and crustaceans.
Miss America 1985
Miss America 1985, the 58th Miss America pageant, was broadcast from the Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey, on September 15, 1984 on NBC Network.

The winner, Paraguay native Sharlene Wells, became the first foreign-born Miss America. She later became a horse-racing and football commentator for ESPN.

Another of the five finalists, Lauren Green, is currently a correspondent on the Fox News Channel.

Miss America
Miss America is an annual competition that is open to women from the United States between the ages of 18 and 28. Originating in 1921 as a "bathing beauty revue", the contest is judged on competition segments with scoring percentages: Private Interview (30%) – a 10-minute press conference-style interview with a panel of judges, On Stage Question (10%) – answering a judge's question onstage, Talent or HER Story (20%) – a performance talent or 90 second speech, Health and Fitness (20%) – demonstrated physical fitness onstage dressed in athletic wear, and Evening Gown (20%) – modeling evening-wear onstage.

The previous year's titleholder crowns the winner. Miss America 2026 is Cassie Donegan of New York, who was crowned on September 7, 2025, at the Dr Phillips Center for the Performing Arts in Orlando, Florida.
The Good Pub Guide
The Good Pub Guide is a long-running critical publication which lists and rates public houses (pubs) in the United Kingdom.

Published by Random House's Ebury Publishing subsidiary since 1982, it is released annually in book form and, since 2009, online until 2021.

By 2009, the book form guide contained over 5,000 of pubs based upon food, drink, and atmosphere. There were 1,140 fully inspected main entries and 1,931 entries recommended by readers which had yet to be inspected. In addition, the website contained a list of 55,000 pubs.   The last edition published was 2021.

Restaurant rating
Restaurant ratings identify restaurants according to their quality, using notations such as stars or other symbols, or numbers. Stars are a familiar and popular symbol, with scales of one to three or five stars commonly used. Ratings appear in guide books as well as in the media, typically in newspapers, lifestyle magazines and webzines. Websites featuring consumer-written reviews and ratings are increasingly popular, but are far less reliable.

In addition, there are ratings given by public health agencies rating the level of sanitation practiced by an establishment.
Cylindrical σ-algebra
In mathematics — specifically, in measure theory and functional analysis — the cylindrical σ-algebra or product σ-algebra is a type of σ-algebra which is often used when studying product measures or probability measures of random variables on Banach spaces.

For a product space, the cylinder σ-algebra is the one that is generated by cylinder sets.

In the context of a Banach space  and its dual space of continuous linear functionals  the cylindrical σ-algebra  is defined to be the coarsest σ-algebra (that is, the one with the fewest measurable sets) such that every continuous linear function on  is a measurable function.  In general,  is not the same as the Borel σ-algebra on  which is the coarsest σ-algebra that contains all open subsets of

Measurable function
In mathematics, and in particular measure theory, a measurable function is a function between the underlying sets of two measurable spaces that preserves the structure of the spaces: the preimage of any measurable set is measurable. This is in direct analogy to the definition that a continuous function between topological spaces preserves the topological structure: the preimage of any open set is open. In real analysis, measurable functions are used in the definition of the Lebesgue integral. In probability theory, a measurable function on a probability space is known as a random variable.
Kumamoto Prefectural Museum of Art
Kumamoto Prefectural Museum of Art (熊本県立美術館, Kumamoto Kenritsu Bijutsukan) opened in the precincts of Kumamoto Castle, Kumamoto, Japan in 1976. It is one of Japan's many museums which are supported by a prefecture.

The permanent collection focuses on the art and crafts of Kumamoto Prefecture and also contains works by Renoir and Rodin. One room is dedicated to replicas of decorated kofun found in the prefecture.

Kumamoto Castle
Kumamoto Castle (熊本城, Kumamoto-jō) is a hilltop Japanese castle located in Chūō-ku, Kumamoto, in Kumamoto Prefecture. It was a large and well-fortified castle. The castle keep (天守閣, tenshukaku) is a concrete reconstruction built in 1960, but a number of ancillary wooden buildings remain of the original castle. Kumamoto Castle is considered one of the three premier castles in Japan, along with Himeji Castle and Matsumoto Castle. Thirteen structures in the castle complex are designated Important Cultural Property.
Diogenes syndrome
Diogenes syndrome, also known as senile squalor syndrome, is a disorder characterized by extreme self-neglect, domestic squalor, social withdrawal, apathy and compulsive hoarding of garbage or animals. Affected people may also display symptoms of catatonia.

The condition was first recognized in 1966 and designated Diogenes syndrome by Doctor A. N. G. Clark et al. The name derives from Diogenes of Sinope, an ancient Greek philosopher, a Cynic and an ultimate minimalist, who allegedly lived in a large jar in Athens. Not only did he not hoard, but he actually sought human company by venturing daily to the Agora. Therefore, this eponym is considered to be a misnomer. Other possible terms are senile breakdown, Plyushkin's syndrome (after the Gogol character), social breakdown, and senile squalor syndrome. Frontal lobe impairment may play a part in the causation.

Animal hoarding
Animal hoarding, sometimes called Noah syndrome, is keeping a higher-than-usual number of animals as domestic pets without the ability to properly house or care for them, while at the same time denying this inability. Compulsive hoarding can be characterized as a symptom of a mental disorder rather than deliberate cruelty towards animals. Hoarders are deeply attached to their pets and find it extremely difficult to let the pets go. They typically cannot comprehend that they are harming their pets by failing to provide them with proper care. Hoarders tend to believe that they provide the right amount of care for them. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals provides a "Hoarding Prevention Team", which works with hoarders to help them attain a manageable and healthy number of pets.
66-68 Bettington Street, Millers Point
66–68 Bettington Street is a heritage-listed Edwardian terrace house located at 66–68 Bettington Street, in the inner city Sydney suburb of Millers Point in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Millers Point, New South Wales
Millers Point is an inner-city suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is on the north-western edge of the Sydney central business district, adjacent to The Rocks and is part of the local government area of the City of Sydney.

Millers Point lies on the southern shore of Sydney Harbour, beside Darling Harbour. The Barangaroo development is taking place on 22 hectares of land on the western side of the suburb. Millers Point historically includes what are now known as the suburbs of Dawes Point and Barangaroo and the renaming of those parts of Millers Point is controversial. The original headland of Millers Point is now known as Barangaroo Reserve, though the point itself has been returned to its original name.
Tourism in Venezuela
Tourism in Venezuela has been developed considerably for decades, particularly because of its geographical position, the variety of landscapes, the richness of plants and wildlife, the artistic expressions and the privileged tropical climate of the country, which affords each region (especially the beaches) throughout the year. Since 2013, the country is having a very severe economic and political crisis affecting tourism all over the country.

Gran Sabana
The Gran Sabana (Spanish pronunciation: [la ɣɾan saˈβana], English: The Great Savanna) is a region in southeastern Venezuela which is part of the Guianan savanna ecoregion. It extends into the Guiana Highlands and south-east into Bolívar State to the borders with Brazil and Guyana. The Gran Sabana has an area of 10,820 km2 (4,180 sq mi) and is part of Canaima National Park, Venezuela's second-largest national park; only Parima Tapirapecó National Park is larger than Canaima. The average temperature is around 20 °C (68 °F) and can drop to 13 °C (55 °F) at night or lower at higher elevations. The region includes rivers, waterfalls, gorges, deep valleys and jungles, and savannas hosting a number and variety of plant species, diverse fauna, and isolated table-top mesas locally known as tepuis.
Love the Woman
Love the Woman is the fifth studio album by singer Chanté Moore. It was released by Peak Records on June 17, 2008, in the United States. Her debut with the label, it marked her first solo release since her 2000 album Exposed, following the release of her collaborative albums Things That Lovers Do (2003) and Uncovered/Covered (2006) with husband Kenny Lattimore. Moore reunited with producer George Duke and consulted Raphael Saadiq and Warryn Campbell to work with her on Love the Woman with the result that it encompasses contemporary R&B, jazz, and pop, and also finds Moore personalizing songs by two past artists, including Minnie Riperton and Nancy Wilson. Love the Woman spawned the single "It Ain't Supposed to Be This Way" which peaked at number 21 on Billboard's Adult R&B Songs chart.

Uncovered/Covered
Uncovered/Covered is the second collaborative studio album by American singers and then-real-life couple Kenny Lattimore and Chanté Moore. It was released by LaFace Records and Verity through Sony BMG on October 10, 2006, in the United States. Formatted as a double album, the two-disc set consists of Uncovered, a disc of R&B songs, and Covered, a disc of gospel songs that were primarily produced by Fred Hammond. Uncovered/Covered received a Stellar Award nomination for Best Contemporary Group/Duo of the Year.
2014 Visit Panamá Cup
The 2014 Visit Panamá Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the third edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Panama City, Panama between 17 and 23 March 2014.

2014 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2014 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2014 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 150 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000, which represented an increase of the minimum prize money from $35,000. It was the 37th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 6th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Gorf
Gorf is a 1981 fixed shooter video game developed by Dave Nutting Associates and published by Midway Manufacturing for arcades. It features five distinct levels, the first of which is based on Space Invaders and another on Galaxian. The game makes use of synthesized speech for the Gorfian robot which taunts the player, powered by a speech chip. Gorf allows the player to buy two additional lives per quarter before starting the game, for a maximum of seven lives.

The home ports omit the Galaxians stage because Japanese developer Namco (now Bandai Namco Entertainment) owns the rights to the Galaxian franchise.

Thomas A. DeFanti
Thomas Albert "Tom" DeFanti (born September 18, 1948) is an American computer graphics researcher and pioneer. His work has ranged from early computer animation, to scientific visualization, virtual reality, and grid computing. He is a distinguished professor of Computer Science at the University of Illinois at Chicago, and a research scientist at the California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology (Calit2).
Emerald City (magazine)
Emerald City was a science fiction fanzine published in print and on the internet by Cheryl Morgan.  She had assistance from Kevin Standlee and Anne Murphy. The magazine published 134 regular issues and 6 special issues between September 1995 and October/November 2006. Emerald City received several Hugo Award nominations during its run, winning once in 2004 in the Best Fanzine category.

Science-fiction fanzine
A science-fiction fanzine is an amateur or semi-professional magazine published by members of science-fiction fandom, from the 1930s to the present day. They were one of the earliest forms of fanzine, within which the term "fanzine" was coined, and at one time constituted the primary type of science-fictional fannish activity ("fanac").
Kirov Collective Fishing Farm
The Kirov Collective Fishing Farm (Estonian: S. Kirovi nimeline näidiskalurikolhoos, Russian: Опорно-показательный рыболовецкий колхоз имени С. М. Кирова) was a collective farm (kolkhoz) dedicated to fishing activity in Haabneeme, Harju County, Estonia.

Kolkhoz
A kolkhoz (Russian plural: kolkhozy; anglicized plural: kolkhozes (Russian: колхо́з, IPA: [kɐlˈxos] ⓘ) was a form of collective farm in the Soviet Union. Kolkhozes existed along with state farms or sovkhoz. These were the two components of the socialized farm sector that began to emerge in Soviet agriculture after the October Revolution of 1917, as an antithesis both to the feudal structure of impoverished serfdom and aristocratic landlords and to individual or family farming.
Mohammad Al-Shalhoub
Mohammad Bandar Saud Al-Shalhoub (Arabic: مُحَمَّد بَنْدَر سُعُود الشَّلْهُوب; born 8 December 1980) is a Saudi Arabian former footballer and was the assistant manager of Al-Hilal. He played as an attacking midfielder for Al Hilal in the Saudi Professional League. A legend of Saudi football, he won 33 trophies with Al Hilal and one title with the Saudi Arabia national team, making him one of the most decorated footballers of all time.

On 30 November 2006, Al-Shalhoub came third in the Asian Footballer of the Year award, after eventual winner Khalfan Ibrahim from Qatar and Bader Al-Mutawa from Kuwait.

2009–10 Saudi Pro League
The 2009–10 Saudi Professional League (known as the Zain Professional League for sponsorship reasons) was the 34th season of the Saudi Pro League, the top Saudi professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1976. The season began on 18 August 2009, and ended on 18 March 2010. Al-Ittihad were the defending champions.

Al-Hilal secured the title with a 2–0 win away to Al-Hazem on 24 January 2010. Al-Hilal won the league with three games to spare. Al-Hilal, Al-Ittihad, Al-Shabab and Al-Nassr all secured a berth for the 2011 AFC Champions League. No teams were relegated at the end of the season following the decision to increase the number of teams from 12 to 14.
Jerry Hahn
Jerry Hahn (born September 21, 1940, Alma, Nebraska) is an American jazz guitarist.

Hahn studied at Wichita State University, then moved to San Francisco in 1962, where he played with John Handy (1964–66). He toured with the 5th Dimension in 1968 and worked with Gary Burton from 1968 to 1969. In addition to recording his own album in 1967, he led the Jerry Hahn Brotherhood, a country-blues jazz-rock ensemble, in 1970. In 1972, Hahn appeared as a session musician on "Run That Body Down" and "Armistice Day", two tracks from Paul Simon, the singer-songwriter's eponymous solo album. Later in the decade he became a teacher at Wichita State and performed less until 1986, when he moved to Portland, Oregon. He played locally and taught at Portland State University.  The Jerry Hahn Method for Jazz Guitar was published by Mel Bay Publications in 2003.

Mel Bay
Melbourne Earl Bay (February 25, 1913 – May 14, 1997), known professionally as Mel Bay, was an American musician and publisher best known for his series of music education books. His Encyclopedia of Guitar Chords, first published in 1971, remains a bestseller.