hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
S&P/ASX 200
The S&P/ASX 200 (XJO) index is a market-capitalisation weighted and float-adjusted stock market index of stocks listed on the Australian Securities Exchange. The index is maintained by Standard & Poor's and is considered the benchmark for Australian equity performance. It is based on the 200 largest ASX listed stocks, which together account for about 82% (as of March 2017) of Australia's share market capitalisation.

The ASX 200 was started on 31 March 2000 with a value of 3133.3, equal to the value of the All Ordinaries at that date. The ASX 200 reached 6,000 points for the first time on Thursday 15 February 2007. On 22 December 2017, the ASX 200 was 6,069. The ASX 200 crossed the 7,000 points level for the first time on 16 January 2020.

Bloomberg, CNBC, Yahoo! Finance and Wikinvest use respectively the symbols AS51 .AXJO ^AXJO and AXJO to refer to this index.

The ASX 200 webpage offers a Share market game as an educational tool with $50,000.00 AUD virtual cash.

S&P Global Ratings
S&P Global Ratings (previously Standard & Poor's and informally known as S&P) is an American credit rating agency (CRA) and a division of S&P Global that publishes financial research and analysis on stocks, bonds, and commodities. S&P is considered the largest of the Big Three credit-rating agencies, which also include Moody's Ratings and Fitch Ratings. Its head office is located on 55 Water Street in Lower Manhattan, New York City.
Schenectady County Airport
Schenectady County Airport (IATA: SCH, ICAO: KSCH, FAA LID: SCH) is a county-owned, public-use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) north of the central business district of Schenectady, a city in Schenectady County, New York, United States. It is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a reliever airport.

Founded in 1927, the airport is home to Richmor Aviation, Fortune Air, the 109th Airlift Wing (109 AW) of the New York Air National Guard, the Empire State Aerosciences Museum, and several private aircraft.

Relief airport
A relief airport or reliever airport is an airport that is built or designated to provide relief or additional capacity to an area when the primary commercial airport(s) requires additional capacity, on a long-term or temporary basis.
Zuleika Jess
Zuleika Amandie Jess is a Jamaican politician from the People's National Party who has been MP for Saint Elizabeth North Eastern since 2025.

Jess is a lawyer by profession. She contested Clarendon Central at the 2020 Jamaican general election.

2020 Jamaican general election
General elections were held in Jamaica on Thursday, 3 September 2020 to elect 63 members of Parliament. As the constitution stipulates a five-year parliamentary term, the next elections were not expected until between 25 February and 10 June 2021. However, Prime Minister Andrew Holness called early elections to ensure a united response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. On the advice of Holness, Governor General Patrick Allen dissolved Parliament on 13 August 2020.

The result was a landslide victory for the ruling Jamaica Labour Party, which received 57% of the vote and won 49 seats; the People's National Party remained the opposition party, losing 16 seats. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic and the 2019–2020 dengue fever epidemic, voter turnout was only 38%, the lowest in an election since 1983.
1924 International Lawn Tennis Challenge
The 1924 International Lawn Tennis Challenge was the 19th edition of what is now known as the Davis Cup. The tournament was, for the second straight year, divided into the America and Europe Zones. 17 teams competed in the Europe Zone, and 6 in America. China, Cuba, Hungary, Mexico, and New Zealand all competed for the first time, and South Africa and Austria returned to create the largest field to date.

For the second straight year, Australia defeated France in the Inter-Zonal play-off, but once again fell to the United States in the challenge round. The final was played at the Germantown Cricket Club in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States on 11–13 September.

France Davis Cup team
The France men's national tennis team (French: Équipe de France de Coupe Davis) represents France in Davis Cup tennis competition, and is governed by the Fédération Française de Tennis.  France competed in their first Davis Cup in 1904. France is the third most successful nation, with ten wins.  Their most recent title came in 2017.
Charlotten Bridge
Charlotten Bridge (German Charlottenbrücke) in Spandau links the old town of Spandau on the west bank of the Havel with the east bank.

It was one of the few bridges over which some of the German garrison of Berlin were able to escape during the night of 1 May 1945 just hours before the city fell to Soviet forces (see Battle in Berlin).

Havel
The Havel (German: [ˈhaːfl̩] ⓘ) is a river in northeastern Germany, flowing through the states of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg, Berlin and Saxony-Anhalt. The 325-kilometre-long (202 mi) Havel is a right tributary of the Elbe. However, the direct distance from its source to its mouth is only 94 kilometres (58 mi). For much of its length, the Havel is navigable; it provides an important link in the waterway connections between the east and west of Germany, as well as beyond.
South West Africa Company
The South West Africa Company Limited (German: Südwestafrikanische Gesellschaft) was a majority British owned and controlled company established under English law on August 18, 1892, in German South West Africa, the present day Namibia. The company was headquartered in London and had a representative office in Berlin.

English law
English law is the common law legal system of England and Wales, comprising mainly criminal law and civil law, each branch having its own courts and procedures. The judiciary is independent, and legal principles like fairness, equality before the law, and the right to a fair trial are foundational to the system.
Science fiction magazine
A science fiction magazine is a publication that offers primarily science fiction, either in a hard-copy periodical format or on the Internet. Science fiction magazines traditionally featured speculative fiction in short story, novelette, novella or (usually serialized) novel form, a format that continues into the present day. Many also contain editorials, book reviews or articles, and some also include stories in the fantasy and horror genres.

Editorial
An editorial, or leading article (UK) or leader (UK), is an article or any other written document, often unsigned, written by the senior editorial people or publisher of a newspaper or magazine, that expresses the publication's opinion about a particular topic or issue. Australian and major United States newspapers, such as The New York Times and The Boston Globe, often classify editorials under the heading "opinion".
Riga (Saeima constituency)
Riga (Latvian: Rīga; Russian: Рига) is one of the five multi-member constituencies of the Saeima, the national legislature of Latvia. The constituency was established in 1922 when the Saeima was established following Latvia's independence from the Soviet Union. It consists of the city of Riga and overseas voters. The constituency currently elects 36 of the 100 members of the Saeima using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2022 parliamentary election it had 565,297 registered electors.

Jānis Urbanovičs
Jānis Urbanovičs (born 23 March 1959) is a Latvian politician and author. He has been a member of the Saeima since 1994. From 2005–2010 Urbanovičs was chairman of the National Harmony Party and from 2010–2014 and again since 2019 the chairman of Harmony.
Georg Muschner
Georg Muschner (12 June 1885 – 17 May 1971) was a German cinematographer. He worked on over sixty productions during his career in the Weimar Republic, Austria, and Nazi Germany. Muschner originally worked as a portrait photographer, before entering the film industry during the silent era. He worked on several Harry Piel films, including His Greatest Bluff. During the 1930s he often worked with the director Johann Alexander Hübler-Kahla.

Portrait photography
Portrait photography, or portraiture, is a type of photography aimed toward capturing the personality of a person or group of people by using effective lighting, backdrops, and poses. A portrait photograph may be artistic or clinical. Frequently, portraits are commissioned for special occasions, such as weddings, school events, or commercial purposes. Portraits can serve many purposes, ranging from usage on a personal web site to display in the lobby of a business.
Zakawie
Zakawie [zaˈkavjɛ] – a historical settlement in Poland, presently a street under the same name in Strzemieszyce Małe (a district of Dąbrowa Górnicza). Established in the 1820s, provided housing for workers of the zinc mine "Leonidas" in Sławków. According to the Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland, in 1895 the settlement numbered 23 houses and 257 inhabitants.

Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland
The Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland and other Slavic Countries (Polish: Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich) is a monumental Polish gazetteer, published 1880–1902 in Warsaw by Filip Sulimierski, Bronisław Chlebowski, Władysław Walewski, and others.
Hollerith constant
Hollerith constants, named in honor of Herman Hollerith, were used in early FORTRAN programs to allow manipulation of character data.

Early FORTRAN had no CHARACTER data type, only numeric types.  In order to perform character manipulation, characters needed to be placed into numeric variables using Hollerith constants.  For example, the constant 3HABC specified a three-character string "ABC", identified by the initial integer representing the string length 3 and the specified Hollerith character H, followed by the string data ABC.  These constants were typeless, so that there were no type conversion issues.  If the constant specified fewer characters than was possible to hold in a data item, the characters were then stored in the item left-justified and blank-filled.

Data type
In computer science and computer programming, a data type (or simply type) is a collection or grouping of data values, usually specified by a set of possible values, a set of allowed operations on these values, and/or a representation of these values as machine types. A data type specification in a program constrains the possible values that an expression, such as a variable or a function call, might take. On literal data, it tells the compiler or interpreter how the programmer intends to use the data. Most programming languages support basic data types of integer numbers (of varying sizes), floating-point numbers (which approximate real numbers), characters and Booleans.
Deuterodon oyakawai
Deuterodon oyakawai is a small species of characin endemic to a large river basin along the Atlantic coast in southeast Brazil. It was originally one of three members of the genus Probolodus, but Probolodus is now considered obsolete, synonymized with Deuterodon. Much like other members of Deuterodon, and like some species in related genera, D. oyakawai is a small, silvery fish with fins in some combination of red and clear. It has a defined humeral spot that can be used for identification.

Upon its nomination, congener Deuterodon heterostomus was considered the only member of the genus Probolodus, but D. oyakawai (and D. sazimai) were established therein in 2014. Prior to this, specimens of D. oyakawai were likely mislabeled as D. heterostomus. All three species were moved to the genus Deuterodon upon a phyletic review in 2020. All three species are also noted to perform lepidophagy, which is a specialized feeding behavior that involves eating the scales of other fish.

Ribeira de Iguape River
The Ribeira de Iguape River (Portuguese: Rio Ribeira de Iguape), or simply the Ribeira River (Portuguese: Rio Ribeira), is a river of Paraná and São Paulo states in southeastern Brazil. It flows into the Atlantic Ocean near Iguape.
The river is home to several endemic species of fish. So far no dams have been built on the river, although four have been proposed. Although it flows through a relatively sparsely populated region with untouched areas of Atlantic Forest, the river has been contaminated with heavy metals from mining beyond the point where it is considered safe to eat the molluscs found in the river and its estuary.
San Juan (mining district)
San Juan is a mining district in Atacama Region, Chile. It hosts valuable reserves of copper, gold and cobalt. The ores of the district are emplaced on rocks of the Chañaral Epimetamorphic Complex. The district is traverse by the NNE-oriented Infiernillo Shear Zone. This shear zone there is marked by mylonites and synkinematic migmatites. Alteration minerals found in the host rocks associated with the ores include biotite, epidote, tourmaline, chlorite. In addition there are rocks hardened by silicification, oxidized or hosting clay.

Chlorite
The chlorite ion, or chlorine dioxide anion, is the halite with the chemical formula of ClO−2. A chlorite (compound) is a compound that contains this group, with chlorine in the oxidation state of +3. Chlorites are also known as salts of chlorous acid.
Quantitative biology
Quantitative biology is an umbrella term encompassing the use of mathematical, statistical or computational techniques to study life and living organisms. The central theme and goal of quantitative biology is the creation of predictive models based on fundamental principles governing living systems.

The subfields of biology that employ quantitative approaches include:

Mathematical and theoretical biology

Computational biology

Bioinformatics

Biostatistics

Systems biology

Population biology

Synthetic biology

Epidemiology

Biological system
A biological system is a complex network which connects several biologically relevant entities. Biological organization spans several scales and are determined based different structures depending on what the system is. Examples of biological systems at the macro scale are populations of organisms. On the organ and tissue scale in mammals and other animals, examples include the circulatory system, the respiratory system, and the nervous system. On the micro to the nanoscopic scale, examples of biological systems are cells, organelles, macromolecular complexes and regulatory pathways. A biological system is not to be confused with a living system, such as a living organism.
Demirel
Demirel is a Turkish surname meaning "iron hand." Notable people with the surname include:

Bektaş Demirel (born 1976), Turkish judoka

Çağlar Demirel (born 1969) Kurdish politician from Turkey

Hakan Demirel (born 1986), Turkish basketball player

Mithat Demirel (born 1978), Turkish-German basketball player

Muhammed Demirel (born 2002), Turkish judoka

Nazmiye Demirel (1927–2013), First Lady of Turkey

Serdar Demirel (born 1983), Turkish sport shooter

Süleyman Demirel (1924–2015), Turkish politician, former prime minister and state president

Volkan Demirel (born 1981), Turkish football goalkeeper

Yeşim Demirel (born 1990), Turkish-German women's footballer

Volkan Demirel
Volkan Demirel (Turkish: [ꞵoɫˈkan deˈmiɾæl]; born 27 October 1981) is a Turkish football coach, pundit and former international goalkeeper. For many years, he was the starting goalkeeper of Fenerbahçe and the Turkey national team.
Nila Ibrahimi
Nila Ibrahimi (Dari/Hazaragi: نیلا ابراهیمی; born 2007) is an ethnic Hazara teen activist from Afghanistan who advocates for the rights of Afghan girls and women.

In March 2021, after Afghanistan banned girls and women over the age of 12 from singing publicly, Ibrahimi recorded a protest song and published it online, where it attracted viral attention. After the Taliban retook control of the country later that year, she and her family fled to Pakistan and then to Canada, where she graduated from West Point Grey Academy. While in Pakistan, Ibrahimi worked with the 30 Birds Foundation to raise money to evacuate 200 girls out of Afghanistan.

In Canada, Ibrahimi and her brother founded Her Story, an organization which aims to share the stories of Afghan girls and raise awareness of the issues facing them.

On November 19, 2024, she won the International Children’s Peace Prize.

International Children's Peace Prize
The International Children's Peace Prize is awarded annually to a child who has made a significant contribution to advocating children's rights and improving the situation of vulnerable children such as orphans, child labourers and children with HIV/AIDS. It holds a reputation as one of the leading youth prizes internationally.

The prize is an initiative of Marc Dullaert, founder of the KidsRights Foundation, an international children's aid and advocacy organisation based in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

The winner receives a 100,000 euro donation to benefit a charitable project for children, as well as a statuette, the Nkosi, named in honour of Nkosi Johnson. The statuette is of a child pushing a ball, "show[ing] how a child sets the world in motion."
SS Doric Star
SS Doric Star was a British cargo liner operated by the Blue Star Line from 1922 to 1939, when she was intercepted and sunk by the German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee off the coast of South West Africa, becoming the seventh victim of the commerce raiding sortie of Graf Spee.

German tanker Altmark
Altmark was a German oil tanker and supply vessel, one of five of a class built between 1937 and 1939. She is best known for her support of the German commerce raider and "pocket battleship" Admiral Graf Spee and her subsequent involvement in the "Altmark Incident". In 1940 she was renamed Uckermark and used as supply tanker for the battleships Scharnhorst and Gneisenau during Operation Berlin before sailing to Japan in September 1942 as a blockade breaker.

Footage of Altmark appears briefly in the 1942 British wartime propaganda movie The Day Will Dawn.
Mary Chiarella
Elizabeth Mary Chiarella AM (born 15 August 1952) is an Australian academic who specialises in issues relating to nursing, midwifery and the law. She is Professor Emerita at the University of Sydney, Australia and has been at the forefront of many regulatory changes to nursing practice and the nursing workforce and midwifery. These include the introduction of nurse practitioners into Australia, the move from a state based to a national regulatory system and, for midwifery, the introduction of the world's first Doctor of Midwifery and the establishment of the framework for state funded home birth midwifery in New South Wales  (NSW), Australia. She is a nurse and midwife, who specialised initially in anaesthetic nursing and later in palliative care.

Liverpool John Moores University
Liverpool John Moores University (abbreviated LJMU) is a public research university in the city of Liverpool, United Kingdom. The university can trace its origins to the Liverpool Mechanics' School of Arts, established in 1823. This later merged to become Liverpool Polytechnic. In 1992, following an Act of Parliament, the Liverpool Polytechnic became what is now Liverpool John Moores University. It is named after Sir John Moores, a local businessman and philanthropist, who donated to the university's precursor institutions.

The university had 25,050 students in 2024/25, of which 20,105 are undergraduate students and 4,945 are postgraduate, making it the 30th largest university in the UK by total student population.

It is a member of the AACSB, MillionPlus, the Northern Consortium and the European University Association.
Parallel Voices
Parallel Voices (Russian: Вокальные параллели, romanized: Vokaldy paralelder ) is a 2005 Kazakhstani musical drama film  written and directed by Rustam Khamdamov. It was the first film directed by Khamdamov after a 14 years hiatus. It was entered into the Horizons section at the 62nd edition of the Venice Film Festival.

62nd Venice International Film Festival
The 62nd annual Venice International Film Festival, was held from 31 August 2005 to 10 September 2005, at Venice Lido in Italy.

Italian production and costume designer Dante Ferretti was the jury president for the main competition. Spanish actress Inés Sastre hosted the opening and closing nights of the festival. The Golden Lion was awarded to Ang Lee's Brokeback Mountain.

Japanese filmmaker Hayao Miyazaki and Italian actress Stefania Sandrelli the recipients of the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement.

Digital films competed in all categories for the first time in the festival's history.

During this edition of the festival, an International Design Competition of the new Palazzo del Cinema took place. The winner of the competition was 5+1 & Rudy Ricciotti. The purpose of the new building is to house the main headquarters of the Film Festival, as well as congresses and cultural events.

The festival opened with Seven Swords by Tsui Hark, and closed with Perhaps Love by Peter Chan.
Yamada Monogatari: The War God's Son
Yamada Monogatari: The War God's Son is a historical fantasy novel by Richard Parks, the third volume in his Yamada Monogatari series featuring his sword and sorcery character Yamada no Goji. It was first published in trade paperback and ebook by Prime Books in October 2015. A subsequent audiobook edition was issued by Audible.

Richard Parks (author)
Billy Richard Parks (born June 15, 1955)  is an American fantasy, science fiction and horror writer. He writes under the names Richard Parks and W. J. Everett, aside from a few early works written as by B. Richard Parks and Rick Parks.
Hunt Down the Freeman
Hunt Down the Freeman is a 2018 first-person shooter video game developed and published by indie developer Royal Rudius Entertainment through the Steam distribution platform. It is a fangame of the Half-Life series by Valve Corporation, and follows U.S. Marine Mitchell Shephard through several major events in the series' canon as he attempts to find and kill Gordon Freeman.

The game was released to a negative reception, receiving criticism for its numerous bugs, poor game design and story, and allegations of copyright infringement.

Fan game
A fan game is a video game that is created by fans of a certain topic or IP. They are usually based on one, or in some cases several, video game entries or franchises. Many fan games attempt to clone or remake the original game's design, gameplay, and characters, but it is equally common for fans to develop a unique game using another as a template. Though the quality of fan games has always varied, recent advances in computer technology and in available tools, e.g. through open source software, have made creating high-quality games easier. Fan games can be seen as user-generated content, as part of the retrogaming phenomena, and as expression of the remix culture.