hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Somtax
Somtax (Somtash also as Sumutashi; simplified Chinese: 苏木塔什乡; traditional Chinese: 蘇木塔什鄉; pinyin: Sūmùtǎshí Xiāng) is a township of Akqi County in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Located in the middle of the county, it covers an area of 1,848 kilometres with a population of 5,086 (as of 2017), the main ethnic group is Kyrgyz. The township has 4 administrative villages (as of 2018) and 10 unincorporated villages under jurisdiction, its seat is at Aktala Village (阿合塔拉).

The name of som tax was from the Kyrgyz language, meaning "rectangular stone" (长方形石头). Here the rocks are mostly rectangular, the place is named after it. The township is located in the middle of the county, 20 kilometers west of the county seat Akqi Town.

Township
A township is a form of human settlement or administrative subdivision. Its exact definition varies among countries.

Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, this tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Canada, Scotland, and parts of the United States, the term refers to settlements too small or scattered to be considered urban.
Jenna Strauch
Jenna Strauch OLY (born 24 March 1997) is a former Australian swimmer. Jenna first represented Australia at the 2013 FINA World Junior Swimming Championships. She competed in the women's 200 metre breaststroke at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships held in Gwangju, South Korea. Jenna reached the semi-finals and she did not qualify to compete in the final. Jenna then went on to represent Australia in the 2020 Summer Olympics where she made it to the semi-finals in the 200m Breaststroke qualifying 9th fastest in the world.

Gwangju
Gwangju (Korean: 광주; Korean: [kwaŋ.dʑu] ⓘ), formerly romanized as Kwangju, is South Korea's sixth-largest metropolis. It is a designated metropolitan city under the direct control of the central government's Home Minister. The city was also the capital of South Jeolla Province until its promotion to a metropolitan city in 2005, upon which the provincial office moved to the southern village of Namak in Muan County.

Its name is composed of the words gwang (Korean: 광; Hanja: 光) meaning "light" and ju (주; 州) meaning "province". Gwangju was historically recorded as Muju (무주; 武州), in which "Silla merged all of the land to establish the provinces of Gwangju, Ungju, Jeonju, Muju and various counties, plus the southern boundary of Goguryeo and the ancient territories of Silla" in the Samguk sagi. In the heart of the agricultural Jeolla region, the city is also famous for its rich and diverse cuisine.
GAZ-3308 Sadko
The GAZ-3308 "Sadko" (Russian: Садко) is a Russian-built, 2.5-ton, 4-wheel-drive cargo truck. The Sadko is produced by the Gorky Automobile Plant (GAZ). It is named after Sadko, a protagonist in many bylinas of the Novgorod cycle.

Sadko has been replaced in production by the Sadko Next (Ru:САДКО NEXT).

Sadko
Sadko (Russian: Садко) is a principal character in Russian byliny (oral epic poems). He is an adventurer, merchant, and gusli musician from Novgorod. The story of Sadko is best known outside Russia in the opera Sadko by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov.
Patriotic Bill
The Criminal Law (Codification and Reform) Amendment Bill 2022, commonly known as the Patriotic Bill is a Zimbabwean law that criminalises damaging the national interest of the country or critique of the Government of Zimbabwe.

The bill became law on May 31, 2023. The ruling ZANU-PF government said that the law is modelled around the United States' Logan Act. Legal scholars criticised the law for being "ambiguously worded, complicated, and difficult to understand." Opposition party Citizens Coalition for Change stated that the law's introduction signalled "a full-blown dictatorship run by a regime worse than Robert Mugabe".

Consequences for breaking the law include removal of citizenship and death.

ZANU–PF
The Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (ZANU–PF) is a political organisation which has been the ruling party of Zimbabwe since independence in 1980. The party was led for many years by Robert Mugabe, first as prime minister with the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) and then as president from 1987 after the merger with the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) and retaining the name ZANU–PF.

At the 2008 parliamentary election, the ZANU–PF lost sole control of parliament for the first time in party history and brokered a difficult power-sharing deal with the Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai (MDC). ZANU-PF then won the 2013 election, gaining a two-thirds majority. The party narrowly held their super-majority in the 2018 election.

On 19 November 2017, following a coup d'état, ZANU–PF removed Robert Mugabe as party leader, who resigned two days later, and appointed former Vice President Emmerson Mnangagwa in his place.
Medemciems Station
Medemciems Station is a commuter railway station serving the villages of Stūnīši and Medemciems in Olaine Parish in Olaine Municipality south of Riga, Latvia. The station is situated between the two villages, near the A8 National Road.

The station is located on the Riga–Jelgava line. It was opened on 15 December 2024, and at the same time the Baloži Station, which was located 1.4 km to the south of the station, was closed. Electric trains running on the line stop at the station (diesel trains do not stop).

Olaine Municipality
Olaine Municipality (Latvian: Olaines novads) is a municipality in Latvia. The municipality was formed in 2009 by merging Olaine parish and Olaine town the administrative centre being Olaine. The population in 2020 was 119,667.

After the 2021 administrative reform, a part of Ķekava Parish of Ķekava Municipality (near the village of Jāņupe) was added to connect both of the separated areas of the municipality.
Hampton's Ford Stage Stop and Barn
The Hampton's Ford Stage Stop and Barn is a historic district in northeastern Box Elder, Utah, United States, (about 1 mile [1.6 km] northwest of the community of Collinston) that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Box Elder County, Utah
Box Elder County is a county at the northwestern corner of Utah, United States. At the 2020 United States census, the population was 57,666, up from the 2010 figure of 49,975. Its county seat and largest city is Brigham City. The county was named for the box elder trees that abound in the county.

Box Elder County is part of the Ogden-Clearfield, UT Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Salt Lake City-Provo-Orem, UT Combined Statistical Area.

Box Elder County is home to two regional campuses of Utah State University (located in Brigham City and Tremonton).
Il Pirata: Marco Pantani
Il Pirata: Marco Pantani is a 2007 Italian television film written and directed by Claudio Bonivento.

The film is loosely based on the book Pantani: eroe tragico by Pier Bergonzi, Davide Cassani and Ivan Zazzaroni and it depicts real life events of road racing cyclist Marco Pantani.

Davide Cassani
Davide Cassani (born 1 January 1961) is a former road cyclist and cycling commentator on Italian television from Italy. He was the manager for the Italy national cycling team.

He was born in Faenza. In 1982, he made his professional debut with Termolan–Galli. In 1986, he moved to Carrera, where he supported figures such as Claudio Chiappucci, Roberto Visentini and Stephen Roche; Cassani later raced for Gewiss–Bianchi, Ariostea, GB-MG and Saeco. He retired in 1996 after being hit by a motorist while in training.
Shullsburg (town), Wisconsin
Shullsburg is a town in Lafayette County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 354 at the 2010 census. The city of Shullsburg is located within the town but is separate from it. The unincorporated community of Dunbarton is located partially in the town.

Administrative divisions of Wisconsin
The administrative divisions of Wisconsin include counties, cities, villages and towns. In Wisconsin, all of these are units of general-purpose local government. There are also a number of special-purpose districts formed to handle regional concerns, such as school districts.

Whether a community is a city, village or town is not strictly dependent on the community's population or area, but on the form of government selected by the residents and approved by the Wisconsin State Legislature. Cities and villages can overlap county boundaries; for example, the city of Whitewater is located in Walworth and Jefferson counties.
Ministry of Commerce, Industry, Labour and Immigration
The Ministry of Commerce, Industry, Labour and Immigration (MCILI) is one of the ministries of the Solomon Islands Government.

The ministry delivers government services for the economic development and national security of Solomon Islands including Commerce, Industry, Labour, Immigration, Consumer Affairs and Price Control, Foreign Investment, trade development and business registration.

Politics of Solomon Islands
Politics of Solomon Islands takes place within the framework of a parliamentary representative democratic, constitutional monarchy.  Solomon Islands is an independent Commonwealth realm, where executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and a multi-party parliament.

The head of state, the King or Queen of Solomon Islands, is represented by the Governor-General.  The head of government is the Prime Minister.
Constitutional safeguards include freedom of speech, press, worship, movement, and association. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
Wake Up Call (Once Upon a Time)
"Wake Up Call" is the sixth episode of the seventh season and the 139th episode overall of the American fantasy-drama series Once Upon a Time. Written by Jerome Schwartz and Jane Espenson and directed by Sharat Raju, it premiered on ABC in the United States on November 10, 2017.

In the episode, Roni and Henry are suddenly discovering that they have a past as mother and son, while in the New Enchanted Forest's past Regina, feeling like a third wheel in Henry and Cinderella's sudden relationship, is lured into a scheme by a determined Drizella, which could have consequences in the present day.

Jerome Schwartz
Jerome Schwartz is an American television and film writer and producer.

He is well known for his work on the ABC fantasy series Once Upon a Time; as well as for its spin-off Once Upon a Time in Wonderland.
Lou Possner
Louis Leonard Possner (August 11, 1917 – March 8, 1990) was a Jewish American basketball player.  Possner was an All-American center/power forward at DePaul University.  Following the close of his college career, Possner played parts of two seasons with the United States' National Basketball League (NBL), a league that in 1948 would merge with the Basketball Association of America to create the National Basketball Association. Possner played for the NBL's Chicago Bruins and Syracuse Nationals, averaging 2.0 points per game for his NBL career.  Possner, also played in the competing American Basketball League, for the Philadelphia Sphas and Paterson Crescents.

Philadelphia Sphas
The Philadelphia Sphas, also stylized SPHAs or SPHAS, were an American basketball franchise that existed as a professional, semi-professional, and exhibition team. They played their home games in the ballroom of Philadelphia's Broadwood Hotel. The team's name is an acronym, derived from South Philadelphia Hebrew Association (the group that initially funded the team), and the team's players, at least in its earlier years, were primarily Jewish. Future Philadelphia Warriors owner Eddie Gottlieb founded the team as an amateur group shortly after he and some close friends graduated from high school, and it later became a professional team. The Sphas played in many leagues around the Philadelphia area and the East Coast, most notably the Eastern Basketball League and the American Basketball League (ABL), between which the Sphas won 10 championships. The Sphas won a total of 12 championships, their first two coming from the early Philadelphia League and Philadelphia Basket Ball League.
Pittsford Mendon High School
Pittsford Mendon High School is a public high school in suburban Rochester, Monroe County, upstate New York. It is one of two high schools in the Pittsford Central School District, the other being Pittsford Sutherland High School. Pittsford Mendon is located at 472 Mendon Road (from which the school gets its name) in the town of Pittsford, near the town of Mendon, New York.

As of the 2012–13 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,018 students and 82 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student-teacher ratio of 14.23.

In 2017, Pittsford Mendon High school had 1,013 students enrolled, 77 full time teachers, had a 13:1 student-teacher ratio, had 51% female students and 49% male students.

Stephen Gilfus
Stephen Gilfus is an American businessman, architect and engineer known as "The Father of Modern E-Learning". He is a founder of Blackboard Inc. and CourseInfo LLC, where he held executive positions from 1997 to 2007. In July 2007, Gilfus started a global education think tank in Washington, D.C., focused on education innovation.
Luis Ceze
Luis Ceze is a Brazilian-born American computer scientist, businessman, and academic. Ceze was the CEO and co-founder of OctoAI, a machine learning-focused startup acquired by Nvidia. Following its acquisition, he became a vice president of AI systems software at Nvidia.

Ceze is a professor of computer science at the Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering at the University of Washington.  He is known for his work on Apache TVM and bioinspired systems for data storage.

Computer data storage
Computer data storage or digital data storage is the retention of digital data via technology consisting of computer components and recording media. Digital data storage is a core function and fundamental component of computers.: 15–16

Generally, the faster and volatile storage components are referred to as "memory", while slower persistent components are referred to as "storage". This distinction was extended in the Von Neumann architecture, where the central processing unit (CPU) consists of two main parts: The control unit and the arithmetic logic unit (ALU). The former controls the flow of data between the CPU and memory, while the latter performs arithmetic and logical operations on data. In practice, almost all computers use a memory hierarchy,: 468–473  which puts memory close to the CPU and storage further away.

In modern computers, hard disk drives (HDDs) or solid-state drives (SSDs) are usually used as storage.
Jean-Jacques Martel
Jean-Jacques Martel (3 January 1927 – c. 3 February 2005) was a Progressive Conservative party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was an insurance broker by career.

Martel was born at Baie-du-Febvre, Quebec. In 1954, he helped establish Northern Mining Explorations Ltd., or MDN (TSX: MDN).

After an unsuccessful bid for the Chapleau riding in the 1957 federal election, Martel was elected there in the 1958 election. He served for one term, the 24th Canadian Parliament, until he was defeated by Gérard Laprise of the Social Credit party in the 1962 election.

He made one further attempt to return to Parliament in the 1979 election at Abitibi but placed third behind Liberal candidate Ronald Tetrault and the Social Credit winner Armand Caouette.

Martel's death was announced by Northern Mining on 3 February 2005. Marc Lemay, Member of Parliament for Abitibi-Témiscamingue, paid tribute in the House of Commons early the following week.

Chapleau (federal electoral district)
Chapleau (French pronunciation: [ʃaplo]) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1935 to 1968. It is currently a Quebec provincial riding that includes the majority of the Gatineau region.

This riding was created in 1933 from parts of Berthier—Maskinongé, Champlain, Joliette, L'Assomption—Montcalm, Pontiac, and Three Rivers and St. Maurice ridings.

It was abolished in 1967 when it was redistributed into Abitibi, Berthier, Champlain, Portneuf and Villeneuve ridings.

A different Chapleau riding existed from 1987 to 1988 in a different part of Quebec. It was renamed in 1988 to Gatineau—La Lièvre.
Murchagi
Murchagi (Persian: مورچگي, also Romanized as Mūrchagī; also known as Moordak and Mūrjakī) is a village in Rahgan Rural District, Khafr District, Jahrom County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 328, in 66 families.

Rahgan Rural District
Rahgan Rural District (Persian: دهستان راهگان) is in Rahgan District of Khafr County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Bagh-e Kabir. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Tadavan.
Coptotriche citrinipennella
Coptotriche citrinipennella is a moth of the family Tischeriidae. It was described by James Brackenridge Clemens in 1859. It is found in North American in Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Arkansas, the District of Columbia, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia and West Virginia.

The larvae feed on Castanea dentata, Castanea mollissima, Castanea crenata, Quercus coccinea, Quercus ilicifolia, Quercus imbricaria, Quercus marilandica, Quercus palustris, Quercus phellos and Quercus rubra. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Quercus ilicifolia
Quercus ilicifolia, commonly known as bear oak or scrub oak, is a small shrubby oak native to the Eastern United States and, less commonly, in southeastern Canada. Its range in the United States extends from Maine to North Carolina, with reports of a few populations north of the international frontier in Ontario. The name ilicifolia means "holly-leaved".
Little Loon Lake
Little Loon Lake is a recreational lake in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The lake is in the RM of Parkdale No. 498 and near the headwaters of Jackfish Creek in the boreal transition zone. Jackfish Creek flows into Jackfish Lake, which is connected to the North Saskatchewan River via Jackfish River. At 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the west, Glaslyn is the closest community to Little Loon Lake. On the southern shore of the lake is Little Loon Regional Park and access to the lake and its amenities is from Highway 3.

Jackfish River
Jackfish River is a river in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It begins at a control structure at the southern end of Jackfish Lake in the Rural Municipality of Meota No. 468 and flows south to the North Saskatchewan River in the Rural Municipality of North Battleford No. 437. The mouth is about 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) upstream from The Battlefords.

While there are no communities along the banks of the river, there are several communities, parks, and a migratory bird sanctuary within its watershed. Highway 26 crosses the river about 4.8 kilometres (3 mi) south of Jackfish Lake. In 1990, Ducks Unlimited Canada constructed a marsh along the northern part of Jackfish River.
Procapperia pelecyntes
Procapperia pelecyntes is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is known from Japan (Kyushu), China, India and Sri Lanka.

The length of the forewings is 7–8 mm. Adults emerge from May to November in Japan.

The larvae feed on Scutellaria indica.

Pterophoridae
The Pterophoridae or plume moths are a family of Lepidoptera with unusually modified wings, giving them the shape of a narrow winged airplane. Though they belong to the Apoditrysia like the larger moths and the butterflies, unlike these they are tiny and were formerly included among the assemblage called "microlepidoptera".
Bodie and Benton Railway and Commercial Company
The Bodie & Benton Railway was a 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge common carrier railroad in California, from the Mono Mills to a terminus in Bodie, now a ghost town, in Mono County.  It was unusual among U.S. railroads in that it was completely isolated from the rest of the railroad system.

2-6-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-6-0 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, usually in a leading truck, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles and no trailing wheels. This arrangement is commonly called a Mogul.
Burara etelka
Burara etelka, the great orange awlet, is a species of skipper described by William Chapman Hewitson in 1871. In some schemes it is treated as Bibasis etelka.
However, it was instead listed as Burara etelka in Maruyama & Otsuka, 1991, then again by Bridges, 1994. The genus Burara was further treated as valid by Vane-Wright & de Jong 2003 when they distinguished multiple species as divergent from Bibasis. Later, Chiba, 2009 detailed the comparative morphology of the species as Burara etelka, and the status as Burura was strongly supported in genomic analyses by Toussaint, 2020.

William Chapman Hewitson
William Chapman Hewitson (9 January 1806, in Newcastle upon Tyne – 28 May 1878, in Oatlands Park, Surrey) was a British naturalist. A wealthy collector, Hewitson was particularly devoted to Coleoptera (beetles) and Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) and, also, to birds' nests and eggs. His collection of butterflies, collected by him as well as purchased from travellers throughout the world, was one of the largest and most important of his time. He contributed to and published many works on entomology and ornithology and was an accomplished scientific illustrator.
Manseren Manggoendi
Manseren Manggoendi or Manseren Manggundi is a mythical hero, originating from the Numfor-Biak region of Papua, Indonesia. Manseren Manggoendi's purpose is to recreate the world. His return will be preceded by the prophet Konor, who will announce his arrival.

Biak
Biak is the main island of Biak Archipelago located in Cenderawasih Bay near the northern coast of Papua, an Indonesian province, and is just northwest of New Guinea. Biak has many atolls, reefs, and corals.

The largest population centre is at Kota Biak (Biak City) on the south coast. The rest of the island is thinly populated with small villages.

Biak is part of the Biak Islands (Kepulauan Biak), and is administered by Biak Numfor Regency.
Wybranowo, Inowrocław County
Wybranowo [vɨbraˈnɔvɔ] (German: Wibrannowo) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rojewo, within Inowrocław County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.

Łążyn [ˈwɔ̃ʐɨn] (German: Lonzyn) is a hamlet in Wybranowo.

Inowrocław County
Inowrocław County (Polish: powiat inowrocławski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Inowrocław, which lies 36 km (22 mi) south-west of Toruń and 40 km (25 mi) south-east of Bydgoszcz. The county contains four other towns: Kruszwica, lying 14 km (9 mi) south of Inowrocław, Janikowo, lying 12 km (7 mi) south-west of Inowrocław, Gniewkowo, 16 km (10 mi) north-east of Inowrocław, and Pakość, 13 km (8 mi) west of Inowrocław.

The county covers an area of 1,224.94 square kilometres (473.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 165,237, out of which the population of Inowrocław is 72,786, that of Kruszwica is 8,809, that of Janikowo is 8,745, that of Gniewkowo is 7,110, that of Pakość is 5,706, and the rural population is 57,060.