hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
DuPont v. Kolon Industries
DuPont v. Kolon Industries is an intellectual property lawsuit centering on the allegation that Kolon Industries (of 코오롱그룹), a South Korea-based company, stole trade secrets concerning the production and marketing of Kevlar from DuPont, an American chemical company. Kevlar is a high strength synthetic fiber used in applications as diverse as bicycle tires and body armor.  On September 14, 2011, a jury found in favour of DuPont and awarded damages of $919.9 million. A 2015 settlement reduced the damages to $275 million.

Bicycle tire
A bicycle tire is a tire that fits on the wheel of a bicycle or similar vehicle. These tires may also be used on tricycles,  wheelchairs, and handcycles, frequently for racing. Bicycle tires provide an important source of suspension, generate the lateral forces necessary for balancing and turning, and generate the longitudinal forces necessary for propulsion and braking.  Although the use of a pneumatic tire greatly reduces rolling resistance compared to the use of a rigid wheel or solid tire, the tires are still typically the second largest source, after wind resistance (air drag), of power consumption on a level road. The modern detachable pneumatic bicycle tire contributed to the popularity and eventual dominance of the safety bicycle.

Bicycle tires are also used on unicycles, tricycles, quadracycles, tandem bicycles, hand cycles, bicycle trailers, trailer bikes, and wheelchairs. Bicycle tyre sizings often fall under ISO 5775
The Funeral (1996 film)
The Funeral is a 1996 American crime-drama film directed by Abel Ferrara and starring Christopher Walken, Chris Penn, Annabella Sciorra, Isabella Rossellini, Vincent Gallo, Benicio del Toro and Gretchen Mol.

The story concerns the funeral of one of three brothers in a family of gangsters that lived in New York City in 1930s. It details, through a series of flashbacks, the past of the brothers and their families.

Chris Penn won the Volpi Cup for Best Supporting Actor at the 1996 Venice Film Festival for his performance. The film received five Independent Spirit Awards nominations, including Best Film, Best Director, Best Actor, Best Screenplay and Best Cinematography.

Independent Spirit Award for Best Male Lead
The Independent Spirit Award for Best Male Lead was an award presented annually at the Independent Spirit Awards to honor an actor who has delivered an outstanding lead performance in an independent film. It was first presented in 1985, with M. Emmet Walsh being the first recipient of the award for his role as Investigator Loren Visser in Blood Simple. It was last presented in 2022 with Simon Rex being the final recipient of the award for his role in Red Rocket.

Jeff Bridges and Philip Seymour Hoffman are the only actors who have received this award more than once, with two wins each.

In 2022, it was announced that the four acting categories would be retired and replaced with two gender neutral categories, with both Best Male Lead and Best Female Lead merging into the Best Lead Performance category.
Chapeau!
Chapeau! is a defunct restaurant located in Bloemendaal in the Netherlands. It was a fine dining restaurant that was awarded one Michelin star in the period 2003–2011. In 2012, the restaurant was rewarded two Michelin stars. The retained the two stars until its closure. GaultMillau awarded the restaurant 16.0 out of 20 points.

Last head chef was Jan Sobecky. Former head chefs that earned Michelin stars with Chapeau! were Roland Veldhuizen (2003–2005) and Jeroen Granemann (2005–2009). The restaurant closed down on 1 August 2016.

Chapeau! was a member of Alliance Gastronomique Néerlandaise.

Bloemendaal
Bloemendaal (pronounced [ˈblumə(n)ˌdaːl] ⓘ) is a municipality and town in the Western Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. Bloemendaal is, together with Wassenaar, the wealthiest place in the Netherlands. It is located just west of Haarlem, on the North Sea.

In October 2015, after persistent problems with the local governance in Bloemendaal, the King's Commissioner of North Holland, Johan Remkes, threatened to disband the municipality if the problems were not resolved within a year. Bernt Schneiders, the mayor of Haarlem, was appointed acting mayor of Bloemendaal.
Exploration
Exploration is the process of exploring, an activity which has some expectation of discovery. Organised exploration is largely a human activity, but exploratory activity is common to most organisms capable of directed locomotion and the ability to learn, and has been described in, amongst others, social insects foraging behaviour, where feedback from returning individuals affects the activity of other members of the group.

Expectation (philosophy)
In the case of uncertainty, expectation is what is considered the most likely to happen. An expectation, which is a belief that is centered on the future, may or may not be realistic. A less advantageous result gives rise to the emotion of disappointment. If something happens that is not at all expected, it is a surprise. An expectation about the behavior or performance of another person, expressed to that person, may have the nature of a strong request, or an order; this kind of expectation is called a social norm. The degree to which something is expected to be true can be expressed using fuzzy logic. Anticipation is the emotion corresponding to expectation.
Frieden
Frieden (German: peace) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

B. Roy Frieden, mathematical physicist

Lex Frieden, educator, researcher, disability policy expert and disability rights activist

Luc Frieden

Pierre Frieden

Rob Frieden

Tanja Frieden, Swiss snowboarder

Thomas R. Frieden, MD MPH, New York City Commissioner of Health

Tom Frieden
Thomas R. Frieden (born December 7, 1960) is an American infectious disease and public health physician. He serves as president and CEO of Resolve to Save Lives, a global initiative working to prevent epidemics and cardiovascular disease. Launched in 2017 as a five-year initiative, it became an independent non-profit organization in 2022.

He was the director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and he was the administrator of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry from 2009 to 2017, appointed by President Barack Obama.

As a commissioner of the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene from 2002 to 2009 he came to some prominence for banning smoking in the city's restaurants as well as the serving of trans fat.
Nagaoka District, Kōchi
Nagaoka (長岡郡, Nagaoka-gun) is a district located in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the district has an estimated population of 10,393 and a density of 23.14 persons per km2. The total area is 449.15 km2.

Districts of Japan
In Japan, a district (郡, gun) is composed of one or more rural municipalities (towns or villages) within a prefecture. Districts have no governing function, and are only used for geographic or statistical purposes such as mailing addresses. Cities are not part of districts.

Historically, districts have at times functioned as an administrative unit.  From 1878 to 1921 district governments were roughly equivalent to a county of the United States, ranking below prefecture and above town or village, on the same level as a city. District governments were entirely abolished by 1926.
Jeffrey Khaner
Jeffrey Khaner (born December 22, 1958) is the principal flutist of the Philadelphia Orchestra. He has also served as principal flutist with the Cleveland Orchestra and the Pittsburgh Symphony. Khaner teaches at the Curtis Institute of Music, The Juilliard School, and the Lynn University Conservatory of Music. In September 2012, he launched the Online Classical Flute School with Jeffrey Khaner through ArtistWorks.

ArtistWorks
ArtistWorks, LLC is an online music learning education platform based out of Napa, CA. ArtistWorks was founded by David and Patricia Butler in 2008. The company developed a proprietary patented system for interacting with teachers based upon online Video Exchange Learning which students use to upload videos of themselves playing and ArtistWorks instructors respond with video feedback with both videos paired together and made visible for all students in the online course.

ArtistWorks has enlisted over 35 different well-known master musicians including Paul Gilbert, Nathan East, Tony Trischka, Peter Erskine, Mike Marshall and many more,  who have recorded extensive online music lessons that players can learn from, whether or not they submit a video.
Cosmo Hamilton
Cosmo Hamilton (29 April 1870 – 14 October 1942), born Henry Charles Hamilton Gibbs, was an English playwright and novelist. He was the brother of writers Arthur Hamilton Gibbs, Francis William Hamilton Gibbs, Helen Katherine Hamilton Gibbs and Sir Philip Gibbs.

Hobart Henley
Hobart Henley (born Hess Manassah Henle; November 23, 1887 – May 22, 1964) was an American silent film actor, director, screenwriter and producer. He was involved in over 60 films either as an actor or director or both from 1914 to 1934.
Halfway House Estate
Halfway House Estate is a suburb of Midrand, South Africa. It is located in Region A of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality.

It is a suburb approximately 27 km north of Johannesburg and 18 km north-west of Kempton Park. It was laid out in 1890 and called thus because it was the stop halfway between Johannesburg and Pretoria for the Zeederberg coach service.

Kempton Park, South Africa
Kempton Park is a city in the East Rand region of Gauteng province, South Africa. It is part of the City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality. It is situated south of Thembisa, one of the largest townships in South Africa, which is also part of Ekurhuleni. South Africa's busiest airport, O. R. Tambo International Airport is located in Kempton Park.

The name of the city is sometimes written as "Kemptonpark" in Afrikaans.
Jamana
Jamana (Kurdish: جامانە, romanized: Camane, Kurdish pronunciation: [ʤaː.maː.na]) also known as Jamadani (Kurdish: جەمەدانی, romanized: Cemedanî), or Aghabanu (Kurdish: ئاغابانوو, romanized: Axabanû), is a traditional Kurdish headgear, and forms a complete part of Kurdish clothing. It was first used in Mesopotamia by the Sumerians. In the Pahlavi language, the term refers to a piece of cloth that has not yet been sewn.

Jamana is mostly worn by men, while another version is worn by women as shirts or fashion towels.

Sumer
Sumer (/ˈsuːmər/ SOO-mər) is the earliest known civilization, located in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (now south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the 5th and 4th millennium BC. Like nearby Elam, it is one of the cradles of civilization, along with Egypt, the Indus Valley, the Erligang culture of the Yellow River valley, Caral-Supe, and Mesoamerica. Living along the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, Sumerian farmers grew an abundance of grain and other crops, a surplus of which enabled them to form urban settlements. The world's earliest known texts come from the Sumerian cities of Uruk and Jemdet Nasr, and date to between c. 3350 – c. 2500 BC, following a period of proto-writing c. 4000 – c. 2500 BC.
Thavung language
Thavưng or Aheu is a language spoken by the Phon Sung people in Laos and Thailand. There are thought to be some 1,770 speakers in Laos, largely concentrated in Khamkeut District.  A further 750 speakers live in 3 villages of Song Dao District, Sakon Nakhon Province, Thailand, namely Ban Nong Waeng (in Pathum Wapi Subdistrict), Ban Nong Charoen, and Ban Nong Muang.

Thavung makes a four-way distinction between clear and breathy phonation combined with glottalized final consonants. This is very similar to the situation in the Pearic languages in which, however, the glottalization is in the vowel.

Pearic languages
The Pearic languages (alternatively called the Chongic languages) are a group of endangered languages of the Eastern Mon–Khmer branch of the Austroasiatic language family, spoken by Pear people (the Por, the Samré, the Samray, the Suoy, and the Chong) living in western Cambodia and eastern Thailand.

Pearic languages are remnants of the aboriginal languages of much of Cambodia, but have dwindled in numbers due to  assimilation. "Pear" is a pejorative term meaning 'slave' or 'caste'.
Logie Awards of 1983
The 25th Annual TV Week Logie Awards was held on Friday 22 April 1983 at the Wentworth Regent Hotel in Melbourne, and broadcast on Network Ten. The ceremony was hosted by Michael Willesee. Guests included Dennis Waterman, Pamela Stephenson, Gregory Harrison, David Ogden Stiers, Jack Klugman, Mike Farrell, Erin Gray, Chuck Norris, Peter Davison, Priscilla Presley, Gordon Jackson, Shelley Fabares, Kate Jackson, Stephen Collins and Graham Kennedy.

Gregory Harrison
Gregory Neale Harrison (born May 31, 1950) is an American actor. He is known primarily for his roles as Dr. George Alonzo "Gonzo" Gates, the young surgeon assistant of Dr. Trapper John McIntyre (played by Pernell Roberts) on the CBS series Trapper John, M.D. (1979–86), and as  ruthless business tycoon Michael Sharpe in the CBS series Falcon Crest (1989–1990). Since 2015, Harrison has played Joe O'Toole, father of Oliver, in the Hallmark Channel expansion films of Signed, Sealed and Delivered. From 2020 to 2024, he assumed the role of Gregory Chase on General Hospital.
WBBD
WBBD (1400 AM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Wheeling, West Virginia, United States, carrying a sports format. Owned by iHeartMedia, WBBD serves both the Wheeling metropolitan area and nearby St. Clairsville, Ohio, as the market's Fox Sports Radio affiliate. WBBD's studios are currently located at the Capitol Theatre in downtown Wheeling, while its transmitter resides in the city's northern end. In addition to a standard analog transmission, WBBD is relayed over low-power FM translator W280EW (103.9 FM) and is available online via iHeartRadio.

WBBD was established in 1941 as WKWK, which aired network programming in the 1940s and 1950s before emerging as a Top 40 station in the 1960s and 1970s. Later operating various oldies and adult standards formats, it has broadcast Fox Sports Radio since 2014 after a brief period airing comedy radio.

IHeartRadio
iHeartRadio (often shortened to iHeart) is the flagship brand of iHeartMedia, an American mass media company. First used in August 2008 to market Clear Channel Communications' freemium radio and music streaming service, the umbrella brand was progressively broadened to encompass Clear Channel's national radio network and other consumer-facing ventures, culminating with Clear Channel itself rebranding as iHeartMedia in 2014. Its main radio competitors are Audacy, TuneIn and Sirius XM.
Jürgen Bremer
Jürgen Bremer (born 26 September 1940 in Bützow) is an East German retired slalom canoeist who competed from the early 1960s to the early 1970s. He won four medals at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships, with three golds (folding K-1: 1963, K-1: 1967, K-1 team: 1967) and a silver (K-1 team: 1971).

Bremer also finished eighth in the K-1 event at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich.

Canoeing at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Men's slalom K-1
These are the results of the men's K-1 slalom competition in canoeing at the 1972 Summer Olympics. The K-1 (kayak single) event is raced by one-man kayaks through a whitewater course.  The venue for the 1972 Olympic competition was in Augsburg.
Norfolk Island Airlines
Norfolk Island Airlines Limited was a regional airline based on Norfolk Island which operated services to the Australian mainland from Norfolk and Lord Howe Islands.

The airline commenced operations in 1973 with a Beech Baron on services from Norfolk Island Airport to Brisbane. A Beech King Air 200 was acquired by the airline in 1975 and services began from Lord Howe Island Airport in 1976.

In 1988 it was renamed to Norfolk Airlines and operated Beech Queen Air and BN Islander and ceased the operations in 1991.

The route between Norfolk Island and Brisbane is some 800 nautical miles (1,500 km), making it one of the longest commuter airline routes in the world.

Beechcraft Queen Air
The Beechcraft Queen Air is a twin-engined light aircraft produced by Beechcraft in numerous versions from 1960 to 1978. Based upon the Twin Bonanza, with which it shared key components such as wings, engines, and tail surfaces, it had a larger fuselage, and served as the basis for the highly successful King Air series of turboprop aircraft.  Its primary uses have been as a private aircraft, utility, and small commuter airliner. Production ran for 17 years.
Targeted threat
Targeted threats are a class of malware destined for one specific organization or industry.  A type of crimeware, these threats are of particular concern because they are designed to capture sensitive information.  Targeted attacks may include threats delivered via SMTP e-mail, port attacks, zero day attack vulnerability exploits or phishing messages.  Government organisations are the most targeted sector.  Financial industries are the second most targeted sector, most likely because cybercriminals desire to profit from the confidential, sensitive information the financial industry IT infrastructure houses. Similarly, online brokerage accounts have also been targeted by such attacks.

Threat (computer security)
In computer security, a threat is a potential negative action or event enabled by a vulnerability that results in an unwanted impact to a computer system or application.

A threat can be either a negative "intentional" event (i.e. hacking: an individual cracker or a criminal organization) or an "accidental" negative event (e.g. the possibility of a computer malfunctioning, or the possibility of a natural disaster event such as an earthquake, a fire, or a tornado) or otherwise a circumstance, capability, action, or event (incident is often used as a blanket term). A threat actor who is an individual or group that can perform the threat action, such as exploiting a vulnerability to actualise a negative impact. An exploit is a vulnerability that a threat actor used to cause an incident.
Lake Āniwaniwa
Lake Āniwaniwa (unofficially known as Lake Aniwhenua) is a small man-made lake on the Rangitaiki River, in the Bay of Plenty region of New Zealand. The lake is situated 13 km north of the town of Murupara, and about 16 km upstream of the Matahina Dam. The lake was created as a result of the construction of a 10 m high dam, part of the Aniwhenua hydroelectric scheme.

Bay of Plenty
The Bay of Plenty (Māori: Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi) is a large bight along the northern coast of New Zealand's North Island. It stretches 260 kilometres (160 mi) from the Coromandel Peninsula in the west to Cape Runaway in the east. Called Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi (the Ocean of Toitehuatahi) in the Māori language after Toi-te-huatahi, an early ancestor, the name 'Bay of Plenty' was bestowed by James Cook in 1769 when he noticed the abundant food supplies at several Māori villages there, in stark contrast to observations he had made earlier in Poverty Bay.
Lambda distribution
The lambda distribution is either of two probability distributions used in statistics:

Tukey's lambda distribution is a shape-conformable distribution used to identify an appropriate common distribution family to fit a collection of data to.

Wilks' lambda distribution is an extension of Snedecor's F-distribution for matricies used in multivariate hypothesis testing, especially with regard to the likelihood-ratio test and multivariate analysis of variance.

F-distribution
In probability theory and statistics, the F-distribution or F-ratio, also known as Snedecor's F distribution or the Fisher–Snedecor distribution (after Ronald Fisher and George W. Snedecor), is a continuous probability distribution that arises frequently as the null distribution of a test statistic, most notably in the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and other F-tests.
Hilbert–Samuel function
In commutative algebra the Hilbert–Samuel function, named after David Hilbert and Pierre Samuel, of a nonzero finitely generated module  over a commutative Noetherian local ring  and a primary ideal  of  is the map  such that, for all ,

where  denotes the length over . It is related to the Hilbert function of the associated graded module  by the identity

For sufficiently large , it coincides with a polynomial function of degree equal to , often called the Hilbert-Samuel polynomial (or Hilbert polynomial).

Module (mathematics)
In mathematics, a module is a generalization of the notion of vector space in which the field of scalars is replaced by a (not necessarily commutative) ring. The concept of a module also generalizes the notion of an abelian group, since the abelian groups are exactly the modules over the ring of integers.

Like a vector space, a module is an additive abelian group, and scalar multiplication is distributive over the operations of addition between elements of the ring or module and is compatible with the ring multiplication.

Modules are very closely related to the representation theory of groups. They are also one of the central notions of commutative algebra and homological algebra, and are used widely in algebraic geometry and algebraic topology.
The Fog (1923 film)
The Fog is a 1923 American silent drama film directed by Paul Powell and starring Mildred Harris. It was adapted from the novel of the same name by William Dudley Pelley.

A poster for this film was later featured in the Buster Keaton film Sherlock Jr. (1924).

Mildred Harris
Mildred Harris (November 29, 1901 – July 20, 1944) was an American stage, film, and vaudeville actress during the early part of the 20th century. She began her career in the film industry as a child actress at age 10. She was also the first wife of Charlie Chaplin.
North Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee
North Memphis is one of the five defined districts of Memphis, Tennessee. It includes smaller neighborhoods such as Klondike, New Chicago, Douglass, Hyde Park, Hollywood, Nutbush, Binghampton, Smokey City, Scutterfeld, Frayser, and Raleigh.

Raleigh, Memphis
Raleigh is a community in north-central Memphis, Tennessee, United States, named for a formerly incorporated town that used to be at its center. Raleigh is bordered on the west by the community of Frayser (the boundary being the north–south Canadian National Railway tracks, which formed the Memphis city limits until 1975), on the east by the incorporated suburb of Bartlett, on the south by the Wolf River and Interstate 40, and on the north by the Memphis city limits.  The former town of Raleigh was the first county seat of Shelby County, Tennessee.
WAGT-CD
WAGT-CD (channel 26) is a low-power, Class A television station in Augusta, Georgia, United States, affiliated with NBC. It is owned by Gray Media alongside low-power Telemundo affiliate WGAT-LD (channel 17) and dual CBS/MyNetworkTV affiliate WRDW-TV (channel 12). The three stations share studios at The Village at Riverwatch development in Augusta; WAGT-CD's transmitter is located in Beech Island, South Carolina.

Due to its low-power status, WAGT-CD's footprint is smaller than those of the other stations in the market. It relies heavily on cable and satellite for its viewership.

Beech Island, South Carolina
Beech Island is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Aiken County, South Carolina, United States.  It was first listed as a CDP in the 2020 census with a population of 1,421.