hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kungla, Saaremaa Parish
Kungla is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County, Estonia. it is located on the southern coast of Saaremaa island by the Gulf of Riga. As of the 2011 census, the village's population was 39.

In 2011, the first public harbour in Saaremaa Parish was opened in Kungla village.

Saaremaa
Saaremaa (/ˈsɑːrəmɑː/; Estonian: [ˈsɑˑreˌmɑː]) is the largest and most populous island in Estonia. Measuring 2,673 km2 (1,032 sq mi), its population is 31,435 (as of January 2020). The main island of the West Estonian archipelago (Moonsund archipelago), it is located in the Baltic Sea, south of Hiiumaa island and northwest of the Gulf of Riga. The administrative centre of the island, and of the Saare maakond (county), is the town of Kuressaare.

From the 13th century until the first half of the 20th century, the island of Saaremaa was known in most of the world by variants of its other historical name Ösel.
Winchester High School (Illinois)
Winchester High School, or WHS, is a public four-year high school located at 200 West Cross Street in Winchester, Illinois, the county seat of Scott County, Illinois, in the Midwestern United States. WHS serves the communities and surrounding areas of Winchester, Alsey, and Manchester. The campus is located 19 miles southwest of Jacksonville, Illinois, and serves a mixed village and rural residential community.

Winchester, Illinois
Winchester is a city in and the county seat of Scott County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, Winchester had a population of 1,574. Winchester is part of the Jacksonville Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Non più andrai
"Non più andrai" (You shall go no more) is an aria for bass from Mozart's 1786 opera The Marriage of Figaro, K. 492. The Italian libretto was written by Lorenzo Da Ponte based on a stage comedy by Pierre Beaumarchais, La folle journée, ou le Mariage de Figaro (1784). It is sung by Figaro at the end of the first act.

Aria
In music, an aria (/ˈɑːriə/ ⓘ, Italian: [ˈaːrja]; pl.: arie, Italian: [ˈaːrje]; arias in common usage; diminutive form: arietta, Italian: [aˈrjetta]; pl.: ariette; in English simply air) is a self-contained piece for one voice, with or without instrumental or orchestral accompaniment, normally part of a larger work.

The typical context for arias is opera, but vocal arias also feature in oratorios and cantatas, or they can be stand-alone concert arias. The term was originally used to refer to any expressive melody, usually, but not always, performed by a singer.
49th Venice International Film Festival
The 49th annual Venice International Film Festival was held on 1 to 12 September 1992. American actor and filmmaker Dennis Hopper and Czech filmmaker Jirí Menzel were the Jury Co-Presidents of the Main Competition.

The Golden Lion winner was The Story of Qiu Ju by Zhang Yimou.

Claude Sautet
Claude Sautet (23 February 1924 – 22 July 2000) was a French film director and screenwriter.

He was a chronicler of post-war French society. He made a total of five films with his favorite actress Romy Schneider.
Sacred Band (1821)
The Sacred Band (Greek: Ἱερὸς Λόχος) was a military force founded by Alexander Ypsilantis at the beginning of the Greek War of Independence, in the middle of March 1821 in Wallachia, now part of Romania. It was formed by volunteers students of the Greek communities of Moldavia, Wallachia and Odessa. It was the first organized military unit of the Greek War of Independence (1821) and of the Greek army in general. Ypsilantis thought that these young people could become the soul of his army. That was the reason that he borrowed the name of the Sacred Band of Thebes.

Sacred Band of Thebes
The Sacred Band of Thebes (Ancient Greek: Ἱερὸς Λόχος τῶν Θηβῶν, Hieròs Lóchos tôn Thēbôn) was an elite heavy infantry of select soldiers consisting of 150 pairs of male couples, 300 men total, organized by age that formed the elite force of the Theban army in the 4th century BC. It was first organised under commander Gorgidas in 378 BC and later Pelopidas, and played a crucial role in the Battle of Leuctra. It was annihilated by Philip II of Macedon and young Alexander the Great in the Battle of Chaeronea in 338 BC.
The American Astronaut
The American Astronaut is a 2001 space Western musical film directed by and starring Cory McAbee. The film is set in a fictitious past, in which space travel is pioneered by roughnecks. The film was released on DVD in the spring of 2005. The band Billy Nayer Show, helmed by McAbee, wrote and performed the film's soundtrack.

Space Western
Space Western is a subgenre of science fiction that uses the themes and tropes of Westerns within science-fiction stories in an outer space setting. Subtle influences may include exploration of new, lawless frontiers, while more overt influences may feature actual cowboys in outer space who use rayguns and ride robotic horses. Although initially popular, a strong backlash against perceived hack writing caused the genre to become a subtler influence until the 1980s, when it regained popularity. A further critical reappraisal occurred during the 2000s due to critical acclaim for Firefly.
Monastery of Flor da Rosa
The Monastery of Flor da Rosa is situated in Flor da Rosa in the municipality of Crato in the Portalegre District of Portugal. Constructed by the Knights Hospitaller, it is considered both as one of the most important Gothic monuments in Portugal and as the best Portuguese example of a fortress church.

Fortress church
A fortress church (German: Kirchenburg) is a particular type of church that, in addition to its religious functions, is also used by the local population as a retreat and defensive position, similar to a refuge castle. A fortress church usually implies that the church is enclosed by its own fortifications, such as curtain walls and defensive towers. By comparison, a church with simple defensive features, such as battlements and embrasures on the church itself, is usually just referred to as a fortified church.
Occupation of German Samoa
The Occupation of Samoa was the takeover – and subsequent administration – of the Pacific colony of German Samoa by New Zealand during World War I. It started in late August 1914 with landings by the Samoa Expeditionary Force from New Zealand. The landings were unopposed and the New Zealanders took possession of Samoa for the New Zealand Government on behalf of King George V. The Samoa Expeditionary Force remained in the country until 1915, while its commander, Colonel Robert Logan, continued to administer Samoa on behalf of the New Zealand Government until 1919. The takeover of Samoa was New Zealand's first military action in World War I.

Samoa Expeditionary Force
The Samoa Expeditionary Force (SEF) was a small volunteer force of approximately 1,400 men raised in New Zealand shortly after the outbreak of World War I to seize and destroy the German wireless station in German Samoa in the south-west Pacific. Britain required the German wireless installations to be destroyed because they were used by Vizeadmiral (Vice Admiral) Maximilian von Spee's East Asia Squadron of the Imperial German Navy, which threatened merchant shipping in the region. Following the capture of German possessions in the region, the SEF provided occupation forces for the duration of the war. Australia provided a similar force for the Allied occupation of German New Guinea.
2005–06 Ukrainian First League
The 2005–06 Ukrainian First League was the fifteenth since its establishment. There were 20 teams competing. Two teams were relegated from the 2004–05 Vyshcha Liha. Four teams were promoted from the 2004–05 Ukrainian Second League.

FC Nyva Vinnytsia
FC Nyva Vinnytsia is a Ukrainian professional football club based in the city of Vinnytsia. The name "Nyva" translates to "grain field". The club was originally created in 1958 in the Soviet Union and folded in 2005 and 2012, but was reformed again in 2015 as Nyva-V and renamed back to Nyva in 2018.
Kathleen Martins
Kathleen Martins is an American adjunct professor, former teacher and social worker from Hooksett, New Hampshire, who served from March 2020 to January 2021 as a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives, winning a special election to replace Republican incumbent Richard Marple (who had died in office).

Her district (Merrimack 24) consists of four seats, and in the November 2020 general election she lost by 30 votes to Stephen Boyd, the fourth-ranked candidate of the four Republican nominees.

General election
A general election is an electoral process to choose most or all members of a governing body at the same time. They are distinct from by-elections, which fill individual seats that have become vacant between general elections. General elections typically occur at regular intervals as mandated by a country's constitution or electoral laws, and may include elections for a legislature and sometimes other positions such as a directly elected president. In many jurisdictions, general elections can coincide with other electoral events such as local, regional, or supranational elections. For example, on 25 May 2014, Belgian voters simultaneously elected their national parliament, 21 members of the European Parliament, and regional parliaments.

In the United States, "general election" has a slightly different, but related meaning: the ordinary electoral competition following the selection of candidates in the primary election.
Glauburg-Stockheim station
Glauburg-Stockheim station is a station on the Gießen–Gelnhausen railway in the town of Glauburg in the German state of Hesse. It is also at the end of the Bad Vilbel–Glauburg-Stockheim railway from Bad Vilbel. The Oberwald Railway (Oberwaldbahn) to Lauterbach began here from 1 October 1888 until 1 June 1984. The station is classified by Deutsche Bahn (DB) as a category 5 station.

The station is located in the area of the Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund (Rhine-Main Transport Association, RMV).

German railway station categories
The approximately 5,400 railway stations in Germany that are owned and operated by the Deutsche Bahn subsidiary DB InfraGO are divided into seven categories, denoting the service level available at the station.

This categorisation influences the amount of money railway companies need to pay to DB Station&Service for using the facilities at the stations.
Multiple-prism grating laser oscillator
Multiple-prism grating laser oscillators, or MPG laser oscillators, use multiple-prism beam expansion to illuminate a diffraction grating mounted either in Littrow configuration or grazing-incidence configuration.  Originally, these narrow-linewidth tunable dispersive oscillators were introduced as multiple-prism Littrow (MPL) grating oscillators, or hybrid multiple-prism near-grazing-incidence (HMPGI) grating cavities, in organic dye lasers.  However, these designs were quickly adopted for other types of lasers such as gas lasers, diode lasers, and more recently fiber lasers.

Gas laser
A gas laser is a laser in which an electric current is discharged through a gas to produce coherent light. The gas laser was the first continuous-light laser and the first laser to operate on the principle of converting electrical energy to a laser light output. The first gas laser, the Helium–neon laser (HeNe), was co-invented by Iranian engineer and scientist Ali Javan and American physicist William R. Bennett, Jr., in 1960.   It produced a coherent light beam in the infrared region of the spectrum at 1.15 micrometres.
Blood gas test
A blood gas test or blood gas analysis tests blood to measure blood gas tension values and blood pH. It also measures the level and base excess of bicarbonate. The source of the blood is reflected in the name of each test; arterial blood gases come from arteries, venous blood gases come from veins and capillary blood gases come from capillaries. The blood gas tension levels of partial pressures can be used as indicators of ventilation, respiration and oxygenation. Analysis of paired arterial and venous specimens can give insights into the aetiology of acidosis in the newborn.

Arterial blood
Arterial blood is the oxygenated blood in the circulatory system found in the pulmonary vein, the left chambers of the heart, and in the arteries. It is bright red in color, while venous blood is dark red in color (but looks purple through the translucent skin). It is the contralateral term to venous blood.

Framed in the cardiac cycle, often historically accredited to the Wiggers diagram, arterial blood has just passed through the lungs and is ready to boost oxygen to sustain the peripheral organs. The essential difference between venous and arterial blood is the curve of the oxygen saturation of haemoglobin. The difference in the oxygen content of the blood between the arterial blood and the venous blood is known as the arteriovenous oxygen difference.
Zdzisław Żygulski (literary historian)
Zdzisław Żygulski (4 April 1888 – 22 October 1975) was a Polish literary historian and Germanist. He was a professor at the universities of Łódź and Wrocław. An expert of German literature of 18th–19th century and antique drama, he published, with Marian Szyrocki, a German literature history textbook Geschichte der deutschen Literatur (vol. 1–4; 1958–1965). His notable works includes Gerhart Hauptmann. Człowiek i twórca (1968), Fryderyk Schiller (1975). His son, also named Zdzisław, was an art historian, academic and educator.

University of Wrocław
The University of Wrocław (Polish: Uniwersytet Wrocławski, UWr; Latin: Universitas Wratislaviensis) is a public research university in Wrocław, Poland. It is the largest institution of higher learning in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, with over 100,000 graduates since 1945, including some 1,900 researchers, among whom many have received the highest awards for their contributions to the development of scientific scholarship.

The university was established in 1701 and reconstituted in its current form in 1945, as a direct successor to the previous German University of Breslau. Following the territorial changes of Poland's borders, academics primarily from the Jan Kazimierz University of Lwów restored the university building, which had been heavily damaged in the 1945 Battle of Breslau.
Hit Parader's No Cover
Hit Parader's No Cover is a music competition television show produced by Hit Parader. Unlike other music competitions, contestants must perform their own original compositions. The first season aired in April 2022 on Sumerian Records YouTube channel. The competition had Alice Cooper, Lzzy Hale, Gavin Rossdale, Tosin Abasi and Bishop Briggs as judges.

The series was created by Ash Avildsen and Josh Bernstein. The first season was filmed at the Troubadour and Sunset Marquis Hotel in West Hollywood.

Bishop Briggs
Sarah Grace McLaughlin (born 18 July 1992), known professionally as Bishop Briggs, is an English singer and songwriter. Her single "River" peaked at number 3 on the US Alternative Chart, and has been streamed more than 485 million times on Spotify. It was included on her debut album, Church of Scars, released in April 2018. Island Records released her second album, Champion, in July 2019, which was included in The Young Folks Top 50 albums of the year.
Bilsthorpe Moor
Bilsthorpe Moor is a hamlet in the civil parish of Bilsthorpe, in the Newark and Sherwood district of Nottinghamshire, England. It is 120 miles north of London, 13 miles north east of the city of Nottingham, five miles south of Ollerton and close to the junction of the A614 and A617 roads.

Ollerton
Ollerton is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Ollerton and Boughton, in the Newark and Sherwood district, in the county of Nottinghamshire, England, on the edge of Sherwood Forest in the area known as the Dukeries. The village is close to New Ollerton. The population of Ollerton and Boughton at the 2011 census was 9,840.

The area is sometimes differentiated locally using the names New Ollerton for the post-1900 expansion, compared with Old Ollerton referring to the original village clustered around the church, river and mill.
Riccarton and Craigie railway station
Riccarton and Craigie was an unopened railway station serving the village of Riccarton and the distant hamlet of Craigie, both in East Ayrshire, Scotland. Built in 1902 and originally just called Riccarton, it was renamed in 1905.

Craigie Castle
Craigie Castle, in the old Barony of Craigie, is a ruined fortification situated about 4 miles (6.4 km) southeast of Kilmarnock and 1 mile (1.6 km) southeast of Craigie village, in the Civil Parish of Craigie, South Ayrshire, Scotland. The castle is recognised as one of the earliest buildings in the county.  It lies about 1.25 miles (2 km) west-south-west of Craigie church. Craigie Castle is protected as a scheduled monument.
Magdalo Group
The Magdalo Group was a group of dissident soldiers who staged the unsuccessful Oakwood mutiny. Made up of junior officers of all branches of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), the group took over the Oakwood Premier Ayala Center in Makati and demanded the resignation of senior officers in the AFP and members of the Arroyo government, including the President herself. The group called themselves "Bagong Katipuneros" (Filipino, "New Katipuneros"), but the Philippine press continued referring to them as the Magdalo Group.

On August 30, 2007, the Philippine National Police went on alert against an alleged Magdalo recruitment try in Bicol, targeting the Army's 9th Infantry Division. The effort was supposedly related to alleged destabilization efforts planned for the forthcoming promulgation by the Sandiganbayan on the plunder case against former President Joseph Estrada.

Looting
Looting is the act of stealing, or the taking of goods by force, typically in the midst of a military, political, or other social crisis, such as war, natural disasters (where law and civil enforcement are temporarily ineffective), or rioting. The proceeds of all these activities can be described as booty, loot, plunder, spoils, or pillage.

Throughout history, the practice of war looting was often considered a customary right of victorious armies until the development of modern international humanitarian law.

Looting by a victorious army during war has been a common practice throughout recorded history. In the wake of the Napoleonic Wars and particularly after World War II, norms against wartime plunder became widely accepted. In modern armed conflicts, looting is prohibited by international law, and constitutes a war crime. The Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 explicitly prohibited pillage and looting, codifying earlier efforts to restrain the practice in European warfare.
Chothe people
The Chothe people is one of the Naga ethnic group found in the state of Manipur, India. Some historians and anthropologists have erroneously recorded the Chothe as the Purum of India. They are listed as a Scheduled Tribe, in accordance with The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Orders (Amendment) Act, 1976 Indian Constitution.
They use Meitei language as their second language (L2) according to the Ethnologue.

Second language
A second language (L2) is a language spoken in addition to one's first language (L1). A second language may be a neighbouring language, another language of the speaker's home country, or a foreign language.

A speaker's dominant language, which is the language a speaker uses most or is most comfortable with, is not necessarily the speaker's first language. For example, the Canadian census defines first language for its purposes as "What is the language that this person first learned at home in childhood and still understands?", recognizing that for some, the earliest language may be lost, a process known as language attrition. This can happen when young children start school or move to a new language environment.
Joel Kleefisch
Joel M. Kleefisch (/ˈkleɪfɪʃ/ KLAY-fish; born June 8, 1971) is a former American politician and a former television reporter who now works as a lobbyist. He served fourteen years in the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing parts of Waukesha, Jefferson, and eastern Dane counties. His wife, Rebecca Kleefisch, was the Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin.

Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin
The lieutenant governor of Wisconsin is the first person in the line of succession of Wisconsin's executive branch, thus serving as governor in the event of the death, resignation, removal, impeachment, absence from the state, or incapacity due to illness of the governor of Wisconsin. 
Forty-one individuals have held the office of lieutenant governor since Wisconsin's admission to the Union in 1848, two of whom—Warren Knowles and Jack Olson—have served for non-consecutive terms.  The first lieutenant governor was John Holmes, who took office on June 7, 1848.  The current lieutenant governor is Sara Rodriguez, who took office on January 3, 2023.
Ballechin Wood
Ballechin Wood is a large coniferous forest site, around 805 acres (326 ha) in area, located above Ballechin in Perth and Kinross, Scotland. It is located a short distance northwest of where the River Tay and River Tummel merge at Balmacneil and around 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Pitlochry. The wood merges into Clunie Wood to the northwest and Logierait Wood to the southeast.

Ballechin House formerly stood in the forest, accessed from the A827 Ballinluig-to-Grandtully road.

The wood is maintained by the Scottish Forest Commission.

Grandtully
Grandtully (pronounced as "Grantly" and sometimes also spelt "Grantully") is a small village in Perthshire, Scotland.

It is situated close to the River Tay, about 3 miles (5 kilometres) from Pitlochry. It has a population of approximately 750 inhabitants.
Patrick van Aanholt
Patrick John Miguel van Aanholt (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈpɛtrɪk fɑn ˈaːnɦɔlt]; born 29 August 1990) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Eredivisie club Sparta Rotterdam.

He began his professional career at Chelsea, where he was used sparingly, spending time on loan at five different clubs. He joined fellow English side Sunderland for around £1.5 million in 2014 and was transferred to Crystal Palace in January 2017, for a fee rising to £14 million. He was released in June 2021, and later joined Turkish club Galatasaray on a free transfer. He was loaned to PSV in January 2023, and extended his loan deal until June 2024. He later joined fellow Dutch club Sparta Rotterdam on a permanent basis.

A full international from 2013 to 2021, Van Aanholt represented the Netherlands at numerous youth levels before making his senior debut for the national team. He also represented the side at UEFA Euro 2020.

Sparta Rotterdam
Sparta Rotterdam (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈspɑrtaː ˌrɔtərˈdɑm]) is a Dutch professional football club based in Rotterdam. Established on 1 April 1888, Sparta Rotterdam is the oldest professional football team in the Netherlands.

Sparta currently competes in the Eredivisie, the top flight of Dutch professional football, which they have won six times, having earned promotion from the Eerste Divisie in 2018–19. The club is one of three professional football clubs from Rotterdam, the others being Excelsior (est. 1902) and Feyenoord (est. 1908).