hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ulmus × hollandica 'Etrusca'
The hybrid cultivar Ulmus × hollandica 'Etrusca' was first mentioned by Nicholson in Kew Hand-List Trees & Shrubs 2: 139. 1896, as U. montana (: glabra) var. etrusca, but without description. The tree at Kew, judged by Henry to be "not distinct enough to deserve a special name", was later identified as of hybrid origin, U. glabra × U. minor 'Plotii', by Melville.

Augustine Henry
Augustine Henry (2 July 1857 – 23 March 1930) was a British-born Irish plantsman and sinologist. He is best known for sending over 15,000 dry specimens and seeds and 500 plant samples to Kew Gardens in the United Kingdom. By 1930, he was a recognised authority and was honoured with society membership in Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, and Poland. In 1929 the Botanical Institute of Peking dedicated to him the second volume of  Icones plantarum Sinicarum, a collection of plant drawings. In 1935, John William Besant was to write: 'The wealth of beautiful trees and flowering shrubs which adorn gardens in all temperate parts of the world today is due in a great measure to the pioneer work of the late Professor Henry'.
Lebbeus H. Rogers
Lebbeus Harding Rogers (1847–1932) was an American inventor and businessman from Cincinnati, Ohio.

Rogers was the founder of Mount Morris Bank in Harlem, New York. and the inventor of the system of burying utilities underground in flexible tubing. Roger held over 50 patents and was the author of four books.
In 1870, Rogers founded the Rogers Manifold Carbon Paper Company in New York City, the first company in America, and possibly in the world, to produce carbon paper, even before the advent of typewriters.

A good friend of inventor Alexander Graham Bell, Rogers turned down an offer to purchase a tenth share of Bell's telephone patent, which would have ultimately made Rogers a very rich man.

Rogers died in his home in Portland, Oregon on December 16, 1932.

Carbon paper
Carbon paper (originally carbonic paper) consists of sheets of paper that create one or more copies simultaneously with the creation of an original document when inscribed by a typewriter or ballpoint pen. The email term cc, which stands for "carbon copy", is derived from this use of carbon paper.
GnomeVFS
GnomeVFS (short for GNOME Virtual File System) was an abstraction layer of the GNOME platform for the reading, writing and execution of files. Before GNOME 2.22 GnomeVFS was primarily used by the appropriate versions of Nautilus file manager (renamed to GNOME Files) and other GNOME applications.

A cause of confusion is the fact that the file system abstraction used by the Linux kernel is also called the virtual file system (VFS) layer. This is however at a lower level.

Due to perceived shortcomings of GnomeVFS a replacement called GVfs was developed. GVfs is based on GIO and allows  partitions to be mounted through FUSE.

With the release of GNOME 2.22 in April 2008, GnomeVFS was declared deprecated in favor of GVfs and GIO, requesting that developers not use it in new applications.

Filesystem in Userspace
Filesystem in Userspace (FUSE) is a software interface for Unix and Unix-like computer operating systems that lets non-privileged users create their own file systems without editing kernel code. This is achieved by running file system code in user space while the FUSE module provides only a bridge to the actual kernel interfaces.

FUSE is available for Linux, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD (as puffs), OpenSolaris, Minix 3, macOS, MorphOS (as filesysbox.library), and Windows.

FUSE is free software originally released under the terms of the GNU General Public License and the GNU Lesser General Public License.
Michael Stapleton
Michael Stapleton (born in Dublin, Ireland, in 1747, died 8 August 1801, in Dublin) is regarded as having been the most skilled stuccodore working in the neoclassical or "Adam" style that dominated Dublin interior decoration in the final decades of the 18th century.

Phoenix Park
The Phoenix Park (Irish: Páirc an Fhionnuisce) is a large public urban park in Dublin, Ireland, lying 2–4 kilometres (1.2–2.5 mi) west of the city centre, north of the River Liffey. Its 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) perimeter wall encloses 707 hectares (1,750 acres) of recreational space. It includes large areas of grassland and tree-lined avenues, and since the 17th century has been home to a herd of wild fallow deer. The Irish Government has lobbied UNESCO to have the park designated as a World Heritage Site.
Sara Seager
Sara Seager OC (born 21 July 1971) is a Canadian-American astronomer and planetary scientist. She is a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, though she will return to her alma mater the University of Toronto to join the Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA) as North Star Distinguished Professor, starting September 1, 2026. Seager is known for her work on extrasolar planets and their atmospheres. She is the author of two textbooks on these topics, and has been recognized for her research by Popular Science, Discover Magazine, Nature, and TIME Magazine. Seager was awarded a MacArthur Fellowship in 2013 citing her theoretical work on detecting chemical signatures on exoplanet atmospheres and developing low-cost space observatories to observe planetary transits.

Astronomical transit
In astronomy, a transit (or astronomical transit) is the passage of a celestial body directly between a larger body and the observer. As viewed from a particular vantage point, the transiting body appears to move across the face of the larger body, covering a small portion of it.

The word "transit" refers to cases where the nearer object appears smaller than the more distant object. Cases where the nearer object appears larger and completely hides the more distant object are known as occultations.

However, the probability of seeing a transiting planet is low because it is dependent on the alignment of the three objects in a nearly perfectly straight line. Many parameters of  a planet and its parent star can be determined based on the transit.
2025 Tenerife Challenger – Doubles
Sander Arends and Sem Verbeek were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Íñigo Cervantes and Daniel Rincón won the title after defeating Nicolás Álvarez Varona and Iñaki Montes de la Torre 6–2, 6–4 in the final.

Nicolás Álvarez Varona
Nicolás Álvarez Varona (born 18 May 2001) is a Spanish tennis player.
He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 219 achieved on 17 October 2022. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 284 achieved on 10 April 2023.
Banaz
Banaz is a town in Uşak Province in the inner Aegean region of Turkey. It is the seat of Banaz District. Its population is 16,807 (2022). The mayor is Zafer Arpacı (AKP). The town is situated on the main road from İzmir to Ankara, at a distance of 33 km (21 mi) to the province seat of Uşak.

There is a village in Banaz District that carries the same name of "Banaz", lying at a distance of 4 km from the town. This is where the ancient site of the locality, called Panasion and from which the name Banaz derives, was actually located.

Aegean region
The Aegean region (Turkish: Ege Bölgesi) is one of the 7 geographical regions of Turkey. The largest city in the region is İzmir. Other big cities are Manisa, Aydın, Denizli, Muğla, Afyonkarahisar and Kütahya.

Located in western Turkey, it is bordered by the Aegean Sea to the west, the Marmara region to the north, the Central Anatolia Region to the east, and the Mediterranean Region to the south.

Among the four coastal regions, the Aegean Region has the longest coastline.
Boz (king)
Boz (died c. 380) was the king of the Antes, an early Slavic people that lived in parts of present-day Ukraine. His story is mentioned by Jordanes in the Getica (550–551); in the preceding years, the Ostrogoths under Ermanaric had conquered a large number of tribes in Central Europe (see Oium), including the Antes. Some years after the Ostrogothic defeat by the invading Huns, a king named Vinitharius, Ermanaric's great-nephew, marched against the Antes of Boz and defeated them. Vinitharius condemned Boz, his sons, and seventy of his nobles, to crucifixion, in order to terrorize the Antes. These conflicts constitute the only pre-6th century contacts between Germanic and Slavic tribes documented in written sources.

Oium
Oium was a name for Scythia, or a fertile part of it, roughly in modern Ukraine, where the Goths, under a legendary King Filimer, settled after leaving Gothiscandza, according to the Getica by Jordanes, written around 551.

It is generally assumed that the story reproduced by Jordanes contains a historical core, although several scholars have suggested that parts of it are fictional.
Fryerning
Fryerning is a village in the civil parish of Ingatestone and Fryerning, in the Borough of Brentwood in Essex, England. It is situated approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Ingatestone. The parish church of St. Mary the Virgin, on Blackmore Road, dates back from the 11th century, with a 15th-century brick tower. It has a memorial stained glass window to the murdered politician Airey Neave, which was unveiled by his cousin Penelope in 1985. An ancient English Yew, found to the west of the church and is over a millennium old, is thought to be one of Essex's oldest trees.

Fryerning was formerly a civil parish; it was merged with Ingatestone in 1889. Fryerning is located in mid-Essex and has several big areas of woodland populated by several large herds of deer, which are frequently seen by walkers and cyclists. The village has no shops, but two pubs.

Airey Neave
Lieutenant Colonel Airey Middleton Sheffield Neave, DSO, OBE, MC, TD (/ˈɛəri ˈniːv/) (23 January 1916 – 30 March 1979) was a British soldier, lawyer and Member of Parliament (MP) from 1953 until his assassination in 1979.

During the Second World War, Neave was the first British prisoner-of-war to succeed in escaping from Oflag IV-C at Colditz Castle. On his return to England he worked with MI9 (Room 900) assisting escape and evasion lines in occupied Europe to help downed airmen evade German capture and return to Britain.  The escape lines helped about 7,000 British and American airmen and soldiers escape occupied Europe. After the war he served with the International Military Tribunal at the Nuremberg trials. He later became Conservative MP for Abingdon.

Neave was assassinated in a car bomb attack at the House of Commons; the Irish National Liberation Army claimed responsibility.
1999 Swisscom Challenge – Singles
Venus Williams defeated Martina Hingis in the final, 6–3, 6–4 to win the singles tennis title at the 1999 European Indoor Championships.

Lindsay Davenport was the two-time reigning champion, but she did not compete this year.

Henrieta Nagyová
Henrieta Nagyová (born 15 December 1978) is a former tennis player from Slovakia.

She turned professional in 1994 and has been ranked as high as No. 21 in the world (17 September 2001). She won nine singles tournaments and four doubles tournaments WTA Tour. Nagyová was a member of the Slovak team that won the 2002 Fed Cup.
Zanardi (surname)
Zanardi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alberta Zanardi (born 1940), Italian sprint canoer

Alex Zanardi (born 1966), Italian racing driver and paracyclist

Gentile Zanardi (late 17th century), Italian painter

Giovanni Zanardi (1700-1769), Italian painter

Márcio Zanardi (born 1978), Brazilian football manager

Silvia Zanardi (born 2000), Italian professional racing cyclist

Gentile Zanardi
Gentile Zanardi (late 17th century) was an Italian painter, active in the Baroque period in Bologna.

Zanardi was a disciple of Marcantonio Franceschini. Giovanni Paolo Zanardi (active 1658–1669) was Gentile's brother. Her father Giulio (1639–1694) was also a Bolognese painter. She married Sebastiano Monci, a quadratura painter who had been a pupil of Agostino Metelli Senior.
120 Wall Street
120 Wall Street is a skyscraper in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. It was completed in 1930. The building is 399 ft (122 m) tall, has 34 floors, and is located on the easternmost portion of Wall Street, and also borders Pine Street and South Street. The architect was Ely Jacques Kahn of Buchman & Kahn.

The tower is tiered on three sides, forming the classic wedding-cake style outline emblematic of post-1916 Zoning Resolution New York skyscrapers. The setbacks recede in shallow formations from a large 16-story platform. Red-granite panels frame wide-paned commercial windows at street level as part of the five-story limestone base.

The building has 615,000 square feet (57,100 m2) of space and occupies a 23,000-square-foot (2,100 m2) lot.

1916 Zoning Resolution
The 1916 Zoning Resolution in New York City  was the first citywide zoning code in the United States. The zoning resolution reflected both borough and local interests, and was adopted primarily to stop massive buildings from preventing light and air from reaching the streets below. It also established limits in building massing at certain heights, usually interpreted as a series of setbacks and, while not imposing height limits, restricted towers to 25% of the lot size. The chief authors of this resolution were George McAneny and Edward M. Bassett.
2002 World Junior Championships in Athletics – Men's decathlon
The men's decathlon event at the 2002 World Junior Championships in Athletics was held in Kingston, Jamaica, at National Stadium on 16 and 17 July.  Junior implements (valid until 2005) were used, i.e. 106.7 cm (3'6) (senior implement) hurdles, as well as 6 kg shot and 1.75 kg discus.

Independence Park (Jamaica)
Independence Park is a sports and cultural complex in Kingston, Jamaica built for the 1966 British Empire and Commonwealth Games. It houses a variety of sports facilities. A statue of Bob Marley marks the entrance to the site. The main sports venue at the complex is the National Stadium, a term which is colloquially used to refer to the entire complex.
Jaime del Burgo Torres
Jaime del Burgo Torres (1912 – 2005) was a Spanish official, writer and a Carlist activist. He is noted mostly as a historian; his works focus on Navarre and the Carlist wars. As a public servant he is known as longtime head of Navarrese library network, regional Ministry of Information delegate and a governmental and self-governmental tourist official. As a Carlist he is acknowledged as moving spirit behind the Navarrese Requeté in the 1930s and as representative of the Carloctavista faction during early Francoism. He also wrote novels, poems and dramas.

Carlos Hugo, Duke of Parma
Carlos Hugo, Duke of Parma and Piacenza (8 April 1930 – 18 August 2010) was the head of the ducal House of Bourbon-Parma from 1977 until his death. Carlos Hugo was a Carlist claimant to the throne of Spain and sought to change the political direction of the Carlist movement through the Carlist Party, of which he was the official head during the fatal Montejurra incidents. His marriage to Princess Irene of the Netherlands in 1964 caused a constitutional crisis in the Netherlands.
Martin Broughton
Sir Martin Faulkner Broughton (born 15 April 1947) is a British businessman and deputy chairman of International Airlines Group. Formed in January 2011, IAG is the parent company of British Airways, Iberia and Vueling. It is a Spanish registered company with shares traded on the London Stock Exchange and Spanish Stock Exchanges. The corporate head office for IAG is in London, UK. He is also a Managing Partner at Sports Investment Partners and chairman of the sports virtual advertising company Supponor. He is a former chairman of Liverpool Football Club and also served as President of the Confederation of British Industry.

Confederation of British Industry
The Confederation of British Industry (CBI) is a British business interest group, which says it represents 190,000 businesses.  The CBI has been described by the Financial Times as "Britain's biggest business lobby group". Incorporated by royal charter, its mission is to promote the conditions in which businesses of all sizes and sectors in the UK can compete and prosper for the benefit of all. In 2023, the association was shaken by numerous accusations of sexual misconduct in the organisation.
Leo Groenewegen
Leo Groenewegen (born August 13, 1965) is a former all-star offensive lineman in the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played from 1987 to 2004 for the Ottawa Rough Riders, British Columbia Lions and Edmonton Eskimos. He was an All-Star three times and won one Grey Cup with Edmonton.  He holds the CFL record for consecutive starts by a non-kicker (252). He has been a member of the Volunteer Fire Department in Nanoose Bay, British Columbia since 2008. In April of 2024 he was appointed to the position of Fire Chief.

Nanoose Bay
Nanoose Bay is a community on the east coast of southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. The location off BC Highway 19 is by road about 26 kilometres (16 mi) north of Nanaimo, and 16 kilometres (10 mi) south of Parksville.
Last Holiday (2006 film)
Last Holiday is a 2006 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Wayne Wang and written by Jeffrey Price and Peter S. Seaman. The film is loosely based on the 1950 British film of the same name by J. B. Priestley. The film stars Queen Latifah as Georgia Byrd, a humble department store assistant who is told that she has a rare brain condition and only has a few weeks to live. She promptly decides to spend her remaining funds on a luxury holiday in Europe before she dies.

Price and Seaman wanted John Candy for the main role but, after Candy's death, Latifah's agent suggested a new version starring her. Produced by Robert Zemeckis' ImageMovers, the film was released by Paramount Pictures on January 13, 2006. The film underperformed at the box office, having grossed $43.3 million against a budget of $45 million and received mixed reviews from critics, though Latifah's performance was universally praised for her charm and humor.

J. B. Priestley
John Boynton Priestley (/ˈpriːstli/; 13 September 1894 – 14 August 1984) was an English novelist, playwright, screenwriter, broadcaster and social commentator.

His Yorkshire background is reflected in much of his fiction, notably in The Good Companions (1929), which first brought him to wide public notice. Many of his plays are structured around a time slip, and he went on to develop a new theory of time, with different dimensions that link past, present and future.

In 1940, he broadcast a series of short propaganda radio talks, which were credited with strengthening civilian morale during the Battle of Britain. In the following years his left-wing beliefs brought him into conflict with the government and influenced the development of the welfare state. He wrote a number of plays during this period, including An Inspector Calls (1945).
Dolichophorus
Dolichophorus is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It includes eight species distributed in the Palaearctic and Afrotropical realms. The adults have a metallic green, green-black or blue-black body coloring, with some pruinescence.

Revisions of the genus Medetera by Bickel in 1985 and 1987 suggested that Dolichophorus is derived from Medetera (rendering Medetera paraphyletic) and is closely related to the Medetera aberrans and Medetera melanesiana species groups. This was confirmed by a 2011 molecular phylogenetic analysis of Medetera and related genera.

Afrotropical realm
The Afrotropical realm is one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms. It includes Sub-Saharan Africa, the southern Arabian Peninsula, the island of Madagascar, and the islands of the western Indian Ocean. It was formerly known as the Ethiopian Zone or Ethiopian Region.
Camerata Cornello
Camerata Cornello (Bergamasque: Camerada) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 60 km (37 mi) northeast of Milan and about 20 km (12 mi) north of Bergamo.

Camerata Cornello borders the following municipalities: Cassiglio, Lenna, Piazza Brembana, San Giovanni Bianco, Taleggio. Its frazione of Cornello dei Tasso is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Bergamasque dialect
The Bergamasque dialect  is the western variant of the Eastern Lombard group of the Lombard language. It is mainly spoken in the province of Bergamo and in the area around Crema, in central Lombardy.

Bergamasque has official status in the province of Bergamo, according to the Regional Law 25/2016.
Henry Martinez (fighter)
Henry Justin Martinez (born August 7, 1983) is an American mixed martial artist who last competed in the Lightweight division. A professional competitor since 2006, Martinez formerly competed for the UFC and Bellator.

Bellator MMA
Bellator MMA (formerly Bellator Fighting Championships) was an American mixed martial arts promotion founded in 2008 by Bjorn Rebney and operated until 2025. The promotion takes its name from bellātor, the Latin word for "warrior". Bellator's first event was in 2009, and the promotion held 313 "numbered" events.

Bellator was considered the second largest MMA promotion in the United States, and one of the largest combat sport promotions in the world. Paramount Global (formerly Viacom) purchased majority ownership of Bellator from Rebney in 2011, with Paramount's television networks serving as the promotion's media broadcasters in the United States. On November 20, 2023, after then-broadcast home Showtime announced the discontinuation of its sports division, Bellator MMA was acquired by the Professional Fighters League (PFL).
Simon Moore (Royal Navy officer)
Rear Admiral Simon Moore CB (born 25 September 1946) is a retired Royal Navy officer and a former Assistant Chief of Defence Staff for Operations. He was educated at Brentwood School in Essex.

He is an ex Chair of Governors at Hurstpierpoint College, a Vice President of the Maritime Volunteer Service and a Charity Trustee of The British Youth Opera.

Brentwood School, Essex
51°37′13″N 0°18′25″E﻿ / ﻿51.62028°N 0.30694°E﻿ / 51.62028; 0.30694

Brentwood School is a selective, independent day and boarding school in Brentwood, Essex, England in the public school tradition. The school comprises a preparatory school, senior school and sixth form, as well as boarding provision for both boys and girls. The school is coeducational, and employs the "Diamond Model". The school is a member of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference, the IAPS, and the AGBIS.

Founded in 1557 and opened in 1558, the school has a Tudor schoolroom, a Victorian chapel and several Grade II listed buildings. Situated on Ingrave Road, astride Middleton Hall Lane and Shenfield Road, the school is set in over 72 acres (29 hectares) of land in the centre of Brentwood. The current headmaster is Michael Bond.
Värmdö HC
Värmdö HC, also known as Värmdö Hockey, is a Swedish ice hockey club located on the island of Värmdö. The club will play the 2017 –18 season in group East of Hockeytvåan, the fourth tier of Swedish ice hockey. The club plays its home games in Ekhallen, which has a capacity of 500 spectators.

Värmdö (island)
Värmdö is an island in the innermost region of the Stockholm archipelago and covers an area of 181.40 km2, making it the largest island in the archipelago. Värmdö is after Gotland and Öland the third largest island on the eastern coast of Sweden.

Värmdö lies in Stockholm County.  Most of it forms part of Värmdö Municipality along with other islands, but the western end is part of Nacka Municipality, which lies mostly on the mainland, to which Värmdö is connected by a road bridge.

The UK-based Swedish television presenter Ulrika Jonsson has a home on the island.

The famous tennis player Björn Borg also has a house on the island, in the part that is called Djurö.

Artipelag is an international venue for art, culture, design that is located in Värmdö.