hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ram Rai Pur
Ram Rai Pur is a village in Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar district. The village is located in the eastern part of Punjab, India (31°5'12"N, 76°10'15"E). It is situated on the right bank of the Sutlej which is one of the 5 main rivers in Punjab. It is also one of the oldest villages in Punjab with a history dating back to the 17th century.

The village consists of 4 large Sikh family clans, which are represented by the Dhindsa, Dhariwal, Dharni and Jhaj clans. Some of these family members have since emigrated to places all over the world such as Canada, England, New Zealand, Australia and the United States.

The Dharni families are also known as "Sikhan de". The late Sant Sewa Singh was one of the main heads of the family and he was well respected by the whole village as well as the local politicians. The families originally came from the Bathinda district and relocated more than five decades ago. The original five families have now grown to more than twenty.

Bathinda district
Bathinda district is in Malwa region of  Punjab, India. The district encompasses an area of 3,385 square kilometers. By area, Bathinda district is the second-largest in Punjab, after Ludhiana district. It is bounded by Faridkot district and Moga district on the north, Muktsar district on the west, Barnala and Mansa districts on the east, and the state of Haryana on the south. Bathinda is cotton producing belt of Punjab.
Kyung-ok
Kyung-ok, also spelled Kyong-ok, is a Korean given name. Kyung-ok was the tenth-most popular name for baby girls born in South Korea in 1950.

People with this name include:

Kang Kyung-ok (born 1965), South Korean manhwa artist

Kim Kyung-ok (born 1983), South Korean judoka

Kim Kyong-ok, North Korean politician, member of the Central Military Commission of the Workers' Party of Korea

Ri Kyong-ok, North Korean judoka, represented North Korea at the 2004 Summer Olympics

Central Military Commission of the Workers' Party of Korea
The Central Military Commission of the Workers' Party of Korea (CMC) (Korean: 조선로동당 중앙군사위원회) is an organ of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) which heads the Korean People's Army (KPA).

One of the CMC's primary functions is to authorize defense and munitions spending and product orders, and to determine how natural resources and products from military-controlled production units are earmarked and distributed domestically and for sale abroad. According to the WPK rules, the CMC directs WPK activities in the KPA and is chaired by the WPK General Secretary and the officeholder is also the Commander-in-Chief of North Korea. The CMC relies on a number of organizations to carry out its mandate, including the KPA General Political Bureau, the WPK Military Government Guidance Department, and the WPK Munitions Industry Department (aka Defense Industry Department).
6 Lyncis b
6 Lyncis b (abbreviated 6 Lyn b) is an extrasolar planet orbiting the K-type subgiant star 6 Lyncis which is approximately 182 light years away in the Lynx constellation. The planet has a minimum mass 2.4 MJ. The orbital period for this planet is 899 days, or 2.46 years. The orbital radius for this planet is 2.2 AU, periastron 1.9 AU, and apastron 2.5 AU, corresponding to the orbital eccentricity of 0.134. This planet was discovered on July 3, 2008 by Sato et al., who used Doppler spectroscopy to find variations of the line of sight motion of the star caused by the planet’s gravity during its orbit.

Minimum mass
In astronomy, minimum mass is the lower-bound calculated mass of observed objects such as planets, stars, binary systems, nebulae, and black holes.

Minimum mass is a widely cited statistic for extrasolar planets detected by the radial velocity method or Doppler spectroscopy, and is determined using the binary mass function. This method reveals planets by measuring changes in the movement of stars in the line-of-sight, so the real orbital inclinations and true masses of the planets are generally unknown.  This is a result of sin i degeneracy.

If inclination i can be determined, the true mass can be obtained from the calculated minimum mass using the following relationship:
Cabinet Wulff I
The Cabinet Wulff I was the state government of the German state of Lower Saxony from 4 March 2003 until 26 February 2008. The Cabinet was headed by Minister President Christian Wulff and was formed by the Christian Democratic Union and the Free Democratic Party.

On 4 March 2003 Wulff was elected and sworn in as Minister President by the Landtag of Lower Saxony, after Wulff's winning of the 2003 Lower Saxony state election.

Landtag of Lower Saxony
The Lower Saxon Landtag (Niedersächsischer Landtag) or the Parliament of Lower Saxony is the state diet of the German state of Lower Saxony. It convenes in Hanover and currently consists of 146 members, consisting of four parties. Since 2022 the majority is a coalition of the Social Democratic Party and the Greens, supporting the cabinet of Minister-President Olaf Lies (SPD).
Keteriya
The keteriya is a form of battle axe that was used in ancient Sri Lanka. A keteriya would consist of a single edge and a short handle made of wood, traditionally resembling a hatchet with a straight shaft. This would allow the user to wield it with a single hand. Commonly used as a weapon and a tool, it is still common in rural villages. Legend has it that it was the preferred weapon of the famous warrior King Gajabahu the First; as such it is part of the cap badge of the Gajaba Regiment of the Sri Lanka Army.

Cap badge
A cap badge, also known as head badge or hat badge, is a badge worn on uniform headgear and distinguishes the wearer's nationality and/or organisation. The wearing of cap badges is a convention commonly found among military and police forces, as well as uniformed civilian groups such as the Boy Scouts, civil defence organisations, ambulance services (e.g. the St. John Ambulance Brigade), customs services, fire services etc.

Cap badges are a modern form of heraldry and their design generally incorporates highly symbolic devices. Some badges that contain images of lions or other cats are sometimes informally referred to as cat badges.
Filipino women writers
Filipino women writers have played important roles within Philippine literature, with Philippine women having created enduring works of fiction and non-fiction across the genres. Writing in English, Spanish, Filipino and other local languages and native dialects, female writers from the Philippine archipelago utilized literature, in contrast with the oral tradition of the past, as the living voices of their personal experiences, thoughts, consciousness, concepts of themselves, society, politics, Philippine and world history. They employed the "power of the pen" and the printed word in order to shatter the so-called "Great Grand Silence of the Centuries" of Filipino female members, participants, and contributors to the progress and development of the Philippine Republic, and consequently the rest of the world. Filipino women authors have "put pen to paper" to present, express, and describe their own image and culture to the world, as they see themselves.

Philippine English
Philippine English is a variety of English native to the Philippines, including those used by the media and the vast majority of educated Filipinos and English learners in the Philippines from adjacent Asian countries. English is taught in schools as one of the two official languages of the country, the other being Filipino, a standardized form of Tagalog. Due to the influx of Philippine English teachers overseas, Philippine English is also becoming the prevalent variety of English being learned in East Asia and Southeast Asia as taught by Filipino teachers in various countries such as South Korea, Japan, and Thailand among others. Due to the highly multilingual and bilingual nature of the Philippines, code-switching such as Taglish (Tagalog-infused English) and Bislish (English infused with any of the Bisayan languages) is prevalent across domains from casual settings to formal situations. Philippine English is similar and related to  American English but in nativized form.
Michel Goemans
Michel Xavier Goemans (born December 1964) is a Belgian-American professor of applied mathematics and the RSA Professor of Mathematics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology working in discrete mathematics and combinatorial optimization at CSAIL and MIT Operations Research Center.

Combinatorial optimization
Combinatorial optimization is a subfield of mathematical optimization  that consists of finding an optimal object from a finite set of objects, where the set of feasible solutions is discrete or can be reduced to a discrete set. Typical combinatorial optimization problems are the travelling salesman problem ("TSP"), the minimum spanning tree problem ("MST"), and the knapsack problem. In many such problems, such as the ones previously mentioned, exhaustive search is not tractable, and so specialized algorithms that quickly rule out large parts of the search space or approximation algorithms must be resorted to instead.

Combinatorial optimization is related to operations research, algorithm theory, and computational complexity theory. It has important applications in several fields, including artificial intelligence, machine learning, auction theory, software engineering, VLSI, applied mathematics and theoretical computer science.
Akram Tawfik
Akram Tawfik Mohamed Hassan Elhagrasi (Arabic: أكرم توفيق محمد حسن الهجرسي; born 8 November 1997) is an Egyptian professional footballer who plays as a right-back or a defensive midfielder for Qatar Stars League club  Al-Shamal and the Egypt national team.

He is a product of the ENPPI youth system. Akram is the younger brother of Abdelaziz Tawfik and Ahmed Tawfik, Egyptian international footballers.

Al-Shamal SC
Al-Shamal Sports Club (Arabic: نادي الشمال الرياضي) is a Qatari multi-sports club based in Madinat ash Shamal. Al-Shamal was founded in 1980. Its football team competes in the Qatar Stars League, the top tier of the national football league system.
1 Bentinck Street
1 Bentinck Street is a grade II listed house in Bentinck Street, in the City of Westminster, London. The house was completed around 1800. It is on the corner with Welbeck Street.

The house retains many original Georgian architectural features. These include a stuccoed façade, a central doorway with a decorative fanlight, and original sash windows on both floors.

Marylebone
Marylebone (usually /ˈmɑːrlɪbən/ MAR-lib-ən, also /ˈmærɪ(lə)bən/ MARR-il-ə-bən, MARR-ib-ən) is an area in London, England, and is located in the City of Westminster. It is in Central London and part of the West End. Oxford Street forms its southern boundary.

An ancient parish and latterly a metropolitan borough, it merged with the boroughs of Westminster and Paddington to form the new City of Westminster in 1965.

Marylebone station lies two miles north-west of Charing Cross.

The area is also served by numerous tube stations: Baker Street, Bond Street, Edgware Road (Bakerloo line), Edgware Road (Circle, District and Hammersmith & City lines), Great Portland Street, Marble Arch, Marylebone, Oxford Circus, and Regent's Park.
Kaihime
Lady Kai (甲斐姫) ("hime" means lady, princess, woman of noble family), speculated to have been born in April 15, 1572, was a Japanese female warrior, onna-musha from the Sengoku Period. She was a daughter of Narita Ujinaga and granddaughter of Akai Teruko, retainers of the Later Hōjō clan in the Kantō region. She is known as the heroic woman who helped her father's resistance at Oshi Castle against Toyotomi Hideyoshi's army during the siege of Odawara. After the war, she became one of the wives of Hideyoshi. She was known for her bravery and beauty. According to the chronicle of Narita clan, she was praised as "The most beautiful woman in east Japan".（東国無双の美人）

Later Hōjō clan
The Later Hōjō clan (Japanese: 後北条氏, Hepburn: Go-Hōjō-shi) was one of the most powerful samurai families in Japan in the Sengoku period and held domains primarily in the Kantō region. Their last name was simply Hōjō (北条), but were called "Later Hōjō" to differentiate between the earlier Hōjō clan who had the same name and mon, even though it was not their official family name.
Aarti Mukherjee
Aarti Mukherjee, also known as Aarti Mukherji or Arati Mukhopadhyay (born 18 July 1943), is an Indian playback singer who has sung in Hindi films such as Geet Gata Chal (1975), Tapasya (1976), Manokamana, Masoom (1983), and Sooraj Mukhi (1992).

Tapasya (1976 film)
Tapasya (transl. Penance) is a 1976 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama directed by Anil Ganguly and produced by Tarachand Barjatya for Rajshree Productions.

The film stars Raakhee in the lead role with Parikshat Sahni, Lalita Pawar, Nazir Hussain, A. K. Hangal, and Asrani. The film's music is provided by Ravindra Jain. It won the National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment for the year.
Valencia, Cordoba
Valencia is a municipality in Colombia, located in the department of Córdoba, in the northern region of the country. Founded in 1917, it became a municipality in 1931. It is an important logging, livestock, and agricultural center in the department.

Córdoba Department
Córdoba (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkoɾðoβa], Spanish: Departamento de Córdoba) is a Department of the Republic of Colombia located to the north of this country in the Colombian Caribbean Region. Córdoba faces to the north with the Caribbean Sea, to the northeast with the Sucre Department, east with the Bolívar Department and south with the Antioquia Department. As of 2018, the population of Córdoba was estimated to be 1,784,783. Its capital is the city of Montería.
Michael Duffy (Irish politician)
Michael Duffy (died 1957) was an Irish Labour Party politician and trade union official from Dunshaughlin, County Meath.

He was a member of Seanad Éireann from 1922 to 1936. He was a member of the Irish Transport and General Workers' Union and served as the president of the Irish Trades Union Congress in 1934. He was elected to the Free State Seanad for 9 years at the 1922 election, and was re-elected for another 9 years at the 1931 election. He served until the Free State Seanad was abolished in 1936. He died in 1957.

Seanad Éireann (Irish Free State)
Seanad Éireann (Irish pronunciation: [ˈʃan̪ˠəd̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ]; Senate of Ireland) was the upper house of the Oireachtas (parliament) of the Irish Free State from 1922 to 1936. It has also been known simply as the Senate, First Seanad, Free State Senate or Free State Seanad. The Seanad was established under the 1922 Constitution of the Irish Free State. A number of constitutional amendments were made to change the manner of its election and its powers. It was eventually abolished in 1936 when it attempted to obstruct constitutional reforms favoured by the government. It sat, like its modern successor, in Leinster House.
NLX-266
NLX-266 is a biased agonist of the serotonin 5-HT1A receptor. It acts specifically as a very-high-affinity and selective ERK1/2-biased serotonin 5-HT1A receptor  agonist (Ki = 0.0447 nM; EC50Tooltip half-maximal effective concentration = 0.437 nM; EmaxTooltip maximal efficacy = 94%), with selectivity for ERK1/2 signaling over multiple other pathways. The drug produces antidepressant- and antiparkinsonian-like effects in rodents, with much greater efficacy than certain other serotonin 5-HT1A receptor agonists like buspirone and gepirone. It shows favorable pharmacokinetics in rodents. The chemical synthesis of NLX-266 has been described. NLX-266 was developed by Neurolixis. It was first described in the scientific literature in 2025.

Binding selectivity
In chemistry, binding selectivity is defined with respect to the binding of ligands to a substrate forming a complex. Binding selectivity describes how a ligand may bind more preferentially to one receptor than another. A selectivity coefficient is the equilibrium constant for the reaction of displacement by one ligand of another ligand in a complex with the substrate. Binding selectivity is of major importance in biochemistry and in chemical separation processes.
It's Me (Pick Me)
"It's Me (Pick Me)" (Korean: 나야 나 (PICK ME); RR: Naya na (PICK ME)) is a song by contestants of Produce 101 Season 2 and serves as the theme song of the show. It was released online as a digital single on March 9, 2017 by CJ E&M, along with a music video starring Lee Dae-hwi as chosen center. On the show's official soundtrack, a piano version of the song was released and was played in the season's final episode. It was confirmed that the main vocals for the track were done by only 19 selected trainees and the other trainees did background vocals. The song was re-released by Wanna One, the winning group of Produce 101 Season 2 on their album 1X1=1 (To Be One).

The song is uptempo electro-pop song and was created by Ryan S. Jhun. It was chosen as one of the most influential and memorable K-pop songs of the year by several industry professionals.

Wanna One
Wanna One (Korean: 워너원) was a South Korean boy band formed by CJ E&M through the second season of Produce 101. The group was composed of eleven members: Kang Daniel, Park Ji-hoon, Lee Dae-hwi, Kim Jae-hwan, Ong Seong-wu, Park Woo-jin, Lai Kuan-lin, Yoon Ji-sung, Hwang Min-hyun, Bae Jin-young, and Ha Sung-woon. The group debuted on August 7, 2017, under Swing Entertainment and CJ E&M. Their contract ended on December 31, 2018, but their final activity as a group was their single album B-side released on January 27, 2022.
Hadmar II of Kuenring
Hadmar II of Kuenring (c. 1140 – 22 July 1217) was an Austrian ministerialis of the Kuenring family and son of Albero III of Kuenring. In 1192 he held captive Richard the Lionheart, King of England, at Dürnstein Castle.

Hadmar II also erected from 1201 to 1208 the city of Weitra. Because of the creation of this city, they are sometimes referred to in documents as "Lords of Kuenring-Weitra".

Hadmar is mentioned in the Stifterbuch (Liber fundatorum; the cartulary of Zwettl Abbey) as second founder (secundus fundator) of the monastery.

Hadmar's sister Gisela (d. after 1192) was married to Leutwin of Sunnberg.

Dürnstein
Dürnstein (German pronunciation: [ˈdʏʁnˌʃtaɪ̯n]) is a small town on the Danube river in the Krems-Land district, in the Austrian state of Lower Austria. It is one of the most-visited tourist destinations in the Wachau region and also a well-known wine growing area. The municipality consists of the Katastralgemeinden of Dürnstein, Oberloiben, and Unterloiben.
Pete (Red Dwarf)
"Pete" is a two-part episode from the science fiction sitcom Red Dwarf's eighth series.  Part I was first broadcast in the United States on 7 March 1999 and then on the British television channel BBC2 on 25 March 1999. The second part was broadcast the same day as the first part in the US and on 1 April for the British broadcast. The first part was written by Doug Naylor and the second was written between Naylor and Paul Alexander.  Both parts were directed by Ed Bye. The two parts (the second in particular) are often collectively cited as among the weakest examples of a Red Dwarf story in the show's history.

Paul Alexander (British writer)
Paul Alexander is a British comedy writer. He has written or contributed to My Hero, Red Dwarf, The 10%ers, My Spy Family, Babes in the Wood, Lovejoy, Horrid Henry, Bedsitcom, Goodnight Sweetheart, The Green Green Grass,  My Parents Are Aliens, 2point4 Children, Neighbors from Hell, Summer in Transylvania and Emmerdale.

His screenplays include Staggered  and Seeing Double.

For radio he cowrote four  series of Kim Fuller's medieval sitcom The Castle, 2007–2012.

He wrote the book for the stage musical The Smallest Show on Earth.
Visvesvaraya Technological University
Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU) is a collegiate public state university in Belagavi, Karnataka established by the Government of Karnataka. It came into existence in the year 1998. The university is named after Sir M. Visvesvaraya, an Indian civil engineer, statesman and the 19th Diwan of Mysore.

Ingersoll Rand
Ingersoll Rand Inc. is an American multinational company that provides flow creation and industrial products. The company was formed in February 2020 through the spinoff of the industrial segment of Ingersoll-Rand plc (now known as Trane Technologies) and its merger with Gardner Denver. Its products are sold under more than 40 brands across all major global markets.

Based in Davidson, North Carolina, Ingersoll Rand operates in two segments: Industrial Technologies and Services and Precision and Science Technologies.
ICFP Programming Contest
The ICFP Programming Contest is an international programming competition held annually around June or July since 1998, with results announced at the International Conference on Functional Programming.

Teams may be of any size and any programming language(s) may be used. There is also no entry fee. Participants have 72 hours to complete and submit their entry over the Internet. There is often also a 24-hour lightning division.

The winners reserve "bragging rights" to claim that their language is "the programming tool of choice for discriminating hackers". As such, one of the competition's goals is to showcase the capabilities of the contestants' favorite programming languages and tools. Previous first prize winners have used Haskell, OCaml, C++, Cilk, Java, F#, and Rust.

The contests usually have around 300 submitted entries.

F Sharp (programming language)
F# (pronounced F sharp) is a general-purpose, high-level, strongly typed, multi-paradigm programming language that encompasses functional, imperative, and object-oriented programming methods. It is most often used as a cross-platform Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) language on .NET, but can also generate JavaScript and graphics processing unit (GPU) code.

F# is developed by the F# Software Foundation, Microsoft and open contributors. An open source, cross-platform compiler for F# is available from the F# Software Foundation. F# is a fully supported language in Visual Studio and JetBrains Rider. Plug-ins supporting F# exist for many widely used editors including Visual Studio Code, Vim, and Emacs.

F# is a member of the ML language family and originated as a .NET Framework implementation of a core of the programming language OCaml. It has also been influenced by C#, 
Python, Haskell, Scala and Erlang.
Robert Theobald
Robert Theobald (June 11, 1929 – November 27, 1999) was an American private consulting economist and futurist author.  In economics, he was best known for his writings on the economics of abundance and his advocacy of a Basic Income Guarantee. Theobald was a member of the Ad Hoc Committee on the Triple Revolution in 1964, and later listed in the top 10 most influential living futurists in The Encyclopedia of the Future.

Post-scarcity
Post-scarcity is an economic situation in which most goods can be produced in great abundance with minimal human labor, so that they become available to all very cheaply or even freely.

Post-scarcity does not mean that scarcity has been eliminated for all goods and services. Instead it means that all people can easily have their basic survival needs met along with some significant proportion of their desires for goods and services. Writers on the topic often emphasize that some commodities will remain scarce in a post-scarcity society.