hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chauncey Peak
Chauncey Peak, 688 feet (210 m), is a traprock mountain located 2 miles (3 km) northeast of the center of Meriden, Connecticut. It is part of the narrow, linear Metacomet Ridge that extends from Long Island Sound near New Haven, Connecticut, north through the Connecticut River Valley of Massachusetts to the Vermont border. Chauncey Peak is known for its scenic vistas, vertical cliff faces overlooking the Bradley Hubbard Reservoir, unique microclimate ecosystems, and rare plant communities. It rises steeply 400 feet (120 m) above the city of Meriden to the south with west-facing cliffs that plunge into Crescent Lake 300 feet (91 m) below.
The mountain is traversed by the 50-mile (80 km) Mattabesett Trail.

Long Island Sound
Long Island Sound is a marine sound and tidal estuary of the Atlantic Ocean. It lies predominantly between the U.S. state of Connecticut to the north and Long Island in New York state to the south. From west to east, the sound stretches 110 mi (180 km) from the East River and the Throgs Neck Bridge in New York City, along the North Shore of Long Island, to Block Island Sound. The sound forms part of the Intracoastal Waterway.

A mix of freshwater from tributaries, and saltwater from the Atlantic Ocean, Long Island Sound is 21 miles (34 km) at its widest point and varies in depth from 65 to 230 feet (20 to 70 m).
Exaltados
The Exaltados ('Fanatics' or 'Extremists', in the sense of 'radicals') was the label given to the most left-wing or progressive political current of liberalism in nineteenth-century Spain. Associated with, and at times inspired by, French Jacobinism and republicanism, it corresponded to the political current known more generally as Radicalism.

National Militia (Spain)
The National Militia (Spanish: milicia nacional) in Spain was a citizen-organized quasi-military force comparable to the National Guard that arose in France during the French Revolution.

Spain's National Militia has its origin in the civic military defense groups formed in the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714), but came to full fruition during the Peninsular War (1808–1814), which is viewed in Spain as a war of independence against Napoleonic France. The Spanish army had been destroyed, but new forces were established at the municipal and provincial level, who fought against both France and against certain remnants of feudalism that remained in Spain.

It was repeatedly dissolved and restored throughout the 19th century.
2023 Rugby World Cup Pool A
Pool A of the 2023 Rugby World Cup began on 8 September 2023 and concluded on 6 October 2023. The pool included hosts France and previous three-time champions New Zealand, along with Italy, Uruguay and Namibia. Hosts France and New Zealand, whom France had defeated in the opening match, qualified from the pool.

Sam Whitelock
Samuel Lawrence Whitelock ONZM (born 12 October 1988) is a New Zealand former rugby union player.

Whitelock played 153 tests for New Zealand between 2010 and 2023, and is the youngest New Zealander to reach 100 tests. He is the fastest player ever to reach 100 international appearances, achieving the feat eight years and two months after his test debut.

Whitelock was the winner of New Zealand Rugby Player of the Year in 2017. He formed a renowned locking combination with Brodie Retallick; Whitelock and Retallick played 50 tests together. He was a key member of the 2011 and 2015 Rugby World Cup-winning teams, becoming one of only 43 players who have won the men's Rugby World Cup more than once.

Whitelock played for Canterbury, the Crusaders, Japanese club Panasonic Wild Knights, and retired from rugby after playing for French club Pau in 2024.
Bartas
Bartas is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Guillaume de Salluste Du Bartas (1544–1590), French courtier and poet

Šarūnas Bartas (born 1964), Lithuanian film director

Nojus Bartaska (born 1996), Lithuanian pop rock singer-songwriter

Lithuania in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2010
Lithuanian broadcaster LRT announced their participation for Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2010 in August 2010. The National Final, "Vaikų Eurovizija" chose Bartas, the 14‑year-old singer to represent Lithuania in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2010.
Journey into Unknown Worlds
Journey into Unknown Worlds is a science-fiction/horror/fantasy title from Atlas (pre-Marvel) Comics published during the 1950s.

The series continued from Timely Comics' teen-humor series Teen Comics and ran from Sept. 1950 - Aug. 1957.

It featured artists such as Joe Kubert, Steve Ditko, Al Williamson, Reed Crandall and Sid Check.

Atlas Comics (1950s)
Atlas Comics was the 1950s comic-book publishing label that evolved into Marvel Comics. Magazine and paperback novel publisher Martin Goodman, whose business strategy involved having a multitude of corporate entities, used Atlas as the umbrella name for his comic-book division during this time. Atlas evolved out of Goodman's 1940s comic-book division, Timely Comics, and was located on the 14th floor of the Empire State Building. This company is distinct from the 1970s comic-book company, also founded by Goodman, that is known as Atlas/Seaboard Comics.
Jonathan M. Moore
Jonathan Michael Moore (born 1966) is a retired career U.S. diplomat. An officer of the Senior Foreign Service with the rank of Minister-Counselor, he served as the Coordinator of the Health Incident Response Task Force at the U.S. Department of State from November 2021 until his retirement.

Senior Foreign Service
The Senior Foreign Service (SFS) comprises the top four ranks of the United States Foreign Service.  These ranks were created by the Foreign Service Act of 1980 and Executive Order 12293 in order to provide the Foreign Service with senior grades equivalent to general and flag ranks in the military and naval establishments, respectively, and to grades in the Senior Executive Service.  Like military ranks and other Foreign Service ranks, the Senior Foreign Service grade system assigns rank in person, not rank in position.
Killamery
Killamery (Irish: Cill Lamraí) is a village in County Kilkenny, Ireland. Located near the County Tipperary border, it is in a townland and civil parish of the same name. Killamery lies on the N76 national secondary road, halfway between Kilkenny to the northeast and Clonmel to the southwest.

County Kilkenny
County Kilkenny (Irish: Contae Chill Chainnigh) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and is part of the Southern Region. It is named after the city of Kilkenny. Kilkenny County Council is the local authority for the county. At the 2022 census the population of the county was 103,685. The county was based on the historic Gaelic kingdom of Ossory (Osraighe), which was coterminous with the Diocese of Ossory.
Harris Winitz
Harris Winitz (born 1933) is professor emeritus at the University of Missouri, Kansas City where he taught courses in psycholinguistics, phonetics, acoustic phonetics, and language pathology and conducted research in second language learning.

Second-language acquisition
Second-language acquisition (SLA), second-language learning or L2 (language 2) acquisition, is the process of learning a language other than one's native language (L1). SLA research examines how learners develop their knowledge of second language.

SLA research spans cognitive, social, and linguistic perspectives:

Cognitive approaches investigate memory and attention processes.

Sociocultural theories emphasize the role of social interaction and immersion

Linguistic studies examine the innate and learned aspects of language.

Individual factors like age, motivation, and personality also influence SLA, as seen in discussions on the critical period hypothesis and learning strategies. In addition to acquisition, SLA explores language loss, or second-language attrition, and the impact of formal instruction on learning outcomes.
Petronilla van Outryve
Petronilla van Outryve (1748, Damme – 1814, Bruges), was a Flemish noblewoman, businesswoman and political activist, known for her participation in the Brabant Revolution.  She renounced her titles and became known as Madame Stappens. She was the founder of the Jacobin Club in Bruges, hosted the political meetings during the revolution and encouraged and influenced its policies. A street was named after her.

Damme
Damme (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdɑmə] ⓘ) is a municipality and city located in the Belgian province of West Flanders, six kilometres northeast of Brugge (Bruges). The municipality comprises the city of Damme proper and the villages of Hoeke, Lapscheure, Moerkerke, Oostkerke, Sijsele, Vivenkapelle, and Sint-Rita. On 1 January 2006, the municipality had a population of 10,899. The total area is 89.52 km2, giving a population density of 122 inhabitants per km2.
Pasadena Civic Center District
The Pasadena Civic Center District is the civic center of and a historic district in Pasadena, California, United States. The district is roughly bounded by Walnut and Green Streets and Raymond and Euclid Avenues.

Civic center
A civic center or civic centre is a prominent land area within a community that is constructed to be its focal point or center. It usually consists of one or more dominant public buildings, which may also include a government building. Recently, the term "civic center" has been used in reference to an entire central business district of a community or a major shopping center in the middle of a community. In this type of civic center, special attention is paid to the way public structures are grouped and landscaped.

In some American cities, a multi-purpose arena is named "Civic Center", for example Columbus Civic Center.  Such "civic centres" combine venues for sporting events, theaters, concerts and similar events.

In Australia, a civic centre can refer to a civic precinct, a show or meeting venue, or can also be used as a brand of Shopping Centre.
Champion (2018 film)
Champion (Korean: 챔피언) is a 2018 South Korean sports comedy film directed by Kim Yong-wan. The film stars Ma Dong-seok, Kwon Yul, and Han Ye-ri. It is related to arm wrestling competition. The movie is rated 9.4/10 in Asian TV Website within the first month of release.

Sports film
A sports film is a film genre in which any particular sport plays a prominent role in the film's plot or acts as its central theme. It is a production in which a sport or a sports-related topic is prominently featured or is a focus of the plot. Despite this, sport is ultimately rarely the central concern of such films and sport performs primarily an allegorical role. Furthermore, sports fans are not necessarily the target demographic in such movies, but sports fans tend to maintain a high following and esteem for such movies.
Postcranium
The postcranium ("behind the cranium"; plural: postcrania) or postcranial skeleton in zoology and vertebrate paleontology is the skeleton apart from the skull. The postcranium encompasses the axial skeleton, which includes the entirety of the vertebrae and ribs, and the appendicular skeleton, which includes girdles and limbs.

In paleontology, there may be disagreement over whether the skull and skeleton belong to the same or different animals. One example is the case of the dinosaur Nemegtosaurus, which is known only from a skull that was found in the same geological formation as the related Opisthocoelicaudia, which is only known from postcranial material.

Skeleton
A skeleton is the structural frame that supports the body of most animals. There are several types of skeletons, including the exoskeleton, which is a rigid outer shell that holds up an organism's shape; the endoskeleton, a rigid internal frame to which the organs and soft tissues attach; and the hydroskeleton, a flexible internal structure supported by the hydrostatic pressure of body fluids.

Vertebrates are animals with an endoskeleton centered around an axial vertebral column, and their skeletons are typically composed of bones and cartilages. Invertebrates are other animals that lack a vertebral column, and their skeletons vary, including hard-shelled exoskeleton (arthropods and most molluscs), plated internal shells (e.g. cuttlebones in some cephalopods) or rods (e.g. ossicles in echinoderms), hydrostatically supported body cavities (most), and spicules (sponges). Cartilage is a rigid connective tissue that is found in the skeletal systems of vertebrates and invertebrates.
1985 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 1985 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 91st staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board in 1887.

Patrickswell entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Hospital-Herbertstown in the first round.

On 8 September 1985, Kilmallock won the championship after a 3–12 to 1–13 defeat of South Liberties in the final. It was their sixth championship title overall and their first title in ten championship seasons.

Patrickswell GAA
Patrickswell GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club in Patrickswell, County Limerick, Ireland. The club is primarily concerned with the game of hurling, but has also fielded teams in Gaelic football.
Yakovenkove, Kharkiv Oblast
Yakovenkove (Ukrainian: Яковенкове; Russian: Яковенково), also known as Iakovenkove, is a village in Izium Raion (district) in Kharkiv Oblast of eastern Ukraine, at about 71.5 kilometres (44.4 mi) southeast by east (SEbE) from the centre of Kharkiv city, at about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) north-northeast (NNE) from the northern border of Balakliia (Balakliya).

The settlement came under attack by Russian forces during the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 and was regained by Ukrainian forces by the beginning of September the same year.

Russian occupation of Kharkiv Oblast
The Russian occupation of Kharkiv Oblast is an ongoing military occupation that began on 24 February 2022, after Russian forces invaded Ukraine and began capturing and occupying parts of Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine. Russian forces failed to capture the capital city of the oblast, Kharkiv. However, other major cities including Izium, Kupiansk, and Balakliia were captured by Russian forces. Since November 2022, Russia only occupies a small portion of land in the Kharkiv Oblast.

In early September 2022, Ukraine began a major counteroffensive, regaining several settlements in the region and ending numerous Russian military or military-civilian administrations.
Arenite Ridge
Arenite Ridge (69°41′S 69°32′W﻿ / ﻿69.683°S 69.533°W﻿ / -69.683; -69.533) is a steep-sided rock and snow ridge in northern Alexander Island, extending 15 nautical miles (28 km) in a north–south direction lying immediately west of the Douglas Range and forming the eastern wall of Toynbee Glacier. The ridge includes Mount Tyrrell (which has two summits) and Mount Tilley. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1977 from the sandstone-type rocks (arenite) that form this feature.

Alexander Island
Alexander Island, also known as Alexander I Island, Alexander I Land, Alexander Land, Alexander I Archipelago, and Zemlja Alexandra I, is the largest island of Antarctica. It lies in the Bellingshausen Sea west of Palmer Land, Antarctic Peninsula from which it is separated by Marguerite Bay and George VI Sound. The George VI Ice Shelf entirely fills George VI Sound and connects Alexander Island to Palmer Land. The island partly surrounds Wilkins Sound, which lies to its west. Alexander Island is about 390 kilometres (240 mi) long in a north–south direction, 80 kilometres (50 mi) wide in the north, and 240 kilometres (150 mi) wide in the south. Alexander Island is the second-largest uninhabited island in the world, after Devon Island.
2009 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship
The UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship 2009 Final Tournament was held in Belarus from 13 to 25 July 2009. Players born on or after 1 January 1990 were eligible to participate in this competition. The tournament served as a qualifier for the 2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup in Germany.

UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship
The UEFA European Women's Under-19 Championship or simply UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship, is an annual competition in women's football for European national teams of players under 19 years of age. National under-19 teams whose countries belong to the European governing body UEFA can register to enter the competition.

In odd years the tournament is also a FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup qualifying competition. The tournament began in the 1997–98 season as an under-18 event and became an under-19s event from the 2001–02 season.  The Championship has three phases: two qualifying rounds open to all eligible nations and the finals phase which is composed of 8 qualified teams. The finals themselves are composed of two groups of four teams; each team plays the others in the group. The winner of each group after the 3 matches plays the runner-up of the opposing group in a semi-final, with the winner contesting the final.
Walnut Creek Ranger Station
Walnut Creek Ranger Station, also known as Walnut Creek Work Center, in Prescott National Forest near Prescott, Arizona was built in 1931 by the Civilian Conservation Corps.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993 for its architecture, which is Bungalow/Craftsman style.  It was designed by architects of the United States Forest Service.  It served historically as institutional housing and as government office space.  The NRHP listing included two contributing buildings on a 5-acre (2.0 ha) area.

Its residence is built to standard plan A-5 with some modifications.  A-5 would be a four-room bungalow with a side-gabled roof with a dormer;  the dormer was omitted here.  It includes the two porches that are standard features.  The barn/garage/shop was built to standard plan C-10.

Prescott National Forest
The Prescott National Forest is a 1.25 million-acre (510,000 ha) United States National Forest located in north central Arizona in the vicinity of Prescott. The forest is located in the mountains southwest of Flagstaff and north of Phoenix in Yavapai County, with a small portion (about 3.5 percent) extending into southwestern Coconino County.

The Forest Service divides the forest into 3 administrative districts.  The northern section of the forest is the Chino Valley Ranger District, the southwest section is the Bradshaw Ranger District, and the southeast section is the Verde Ranger District.  Central administrative offices are in Prescott with local ranger district offices in  Camp Verde, Chino Valley, and Prescott.
Prostaglandin F synthase
In enzymology, prostaglandin-F synthase (PGFS; EC 1.1.1.188) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:

The three substrates of this enzyme are prostaglandin D2, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and a proton. Its products are prostaglandin F2α and oxidised NADP+.

PGFS is a monomeric wild-type protein that was first purified from bovine lung (PDB ID: 2F38). This enzyme belongs to the family of aldo-keto reductase (AKR) based on its high substrate specificity, its high molecular weight (38055.48 Da) and amino acid sequence. In addition, it is categorized as C3 (AKR1C3) because it is an isoform of 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.

The function of PGFS is to catalyze the reduction of aldehydes and ketones to their corresponding alcohols. In humans, these reactions take place mostly in the lungs and in the liver. More specifically, PGFS catalyzes the reduction of PGD2 to 9α,11β–PGF2 and PGH2 to PGF2α by using NADPH as cofactor.

Tyrosine
L-Tyrosine or tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins. It is a conditionally essential amino acid with a polar side group. The word "tyrosine" is from the Greek tyrós, meaning cheese, as it was first discovered in 1846 by German chemist Justus von Liebig in the protein casein from cheese. It is called tyrosyl when referred to as a functional group or side chain. While tyrosine is generally classified as a hydrophobic amino acid, it is more hydrophilic than phenylalanine. It is encoded by the codons UAC and UAU in messenger RNA.

The one-letter symbol Y was assigned to tyrosine for being alphabetically nearest of those letters available. Note that T was assigned to the structurally simpler threonine, U was avoided for its similarity with V for valine, W was assigned to tryptophan, while X was reserved for undetermined or atypical amino acids. The mnemonic tYrosine was also proposed.
Vanzant, Kentucky
Vanzant is an unincorporated community in Breckinridge County, Kentucky, United States. Vanzant is located on Harris Fork in the southwest corner of Breckinridge County, 12.6 miles (20.3 km) southwest of Hardinsburg.

The community had a post office but it was closed on September 20, 1985.

Hardinsburg, Kentucky
Hardinsburg is a home rule-class city in Breckinridge County, Kentucky, in the United States. It is the seat of its county. As of the 2020 census, Hardinsburg had a population of 2,385. Hardinsburg was named after Captain William Hardin.
Tyoplye Klyuchi
Tyoplye Klyuchi (Russian: Тёплые Ключи) is a rural locality (a selo) in Obluchensky District, Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Russia. Population:  14 (2010 census); 41 (2002 census);  There is 1 street in this selo.

Jewish Autonomous Oblast
The Jewish Autonomous Oblast (JAO) is a federal subject of Russia in the far east of the country, bordering Khabarovsk Krai and Amur Oblast in Russia and Heilongjiang province in China. Its administrative center is the town of Birobidzhan.

The JAO was designated by a Soviet official decree in 1928, and officially established in 1934. At its height, in the late 1940s, the Jewish population in the region peaked around 46,000–50,000, approximately 25% of its population. Since then, the share of Jews steadily declined, and according to the 2021 Russian census, there were only 837 ethnic Jews left in the JAO (0.6%).

Article 65 of the Constitution of Russia provides that the JAO is Russia's only autonomous oblast. It is one of two officially Jewish jurisdictions in the world, the other being Israel. It is one of the few places in the world where Yiddish is a recognized minority language.
Prange
Prange is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ashley Prange (born 1981), American golfer

Eugene Prange (c. 1918 – 2006), American coding theorist

Gordon Prange (1910–1980), American writer

Greg Prange, American film editor

Louis H. Prange, American politician

Dori Elizabeth Prange, American Wrestler

Ulf Prange (born 1975), German lawyer and politician

Sebastian Prange, historian

Eugene Prange
Eugene August Prange (July 30, 1917 – February 12, 2006) was an American coding theorist, a researcher at the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratory (AFCRL) in Massachusetts who "introduced many of the early fundamental ideas of algebraic coding theory" and was the first to investigate cyclic codes in 1957. With Andrew Gleason, he is the namesake of the Gleason–Prange theorem on the symmetries of the extended quadratic residue code.

Prange was born in Illinois to August Prange and Eugenia Livingston. He graduated from the University of Illinois and spent World War II serving his country in England as an intelligence officer. He then studied at Harvard University before joining AFCRL.
Benninger
Benninger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Christopher Charles Benninger (1942–2024), American-Indian architect and planner

Fred Benninger (1917–2004), German-American businessman

Fred Benninger
Fred Benninger (1917–2004) was a German American businessperson who was a close advisor to billionaire Kirk Kerkorian. He served as a top executive at several companies controlled by Kerkorian, including Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Western Airlines, and MGM Grand, Inc.