hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oakley, Gloucestershire
Oakley is a district of Cheltenham in Gloucestershire, England.  In the Domesday Book of 1086, it is recorded as held by Turstin FitzRolf.  Oakley primarily consists of residential housing, including private, council-owned, and social housing.  It backs onto Cleeve Hill and Harp Hill, greenbelt land, and part of the Cotswold hills, including a covered reservoir.  Oakley neighbours Prestbury and Whaddon.

Until December 2011, it was home to the smaller of Cheltenham's two Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) sites,  Subsequently, part of the GCHQ Oakley site was reclaimed and replaced with a Sainsbury's supermarket.

Green belt
A green belt or greenbelt is a policy, and land-use zone designation used in land-use planning to retain areas of largely undeveloped, wild, or agricultural land surrounding or neighboring urban areas. Similar concepts are greenways or green wedges, which have a linear character and may run through an urban area instead of around it. In essence, a green belt is an invisible line designating a border around a certain area, preventing development of the area and allowing wildlife to return and be established.

The more general term in the United States is green space or greenspace, which may be a very small area such as a park.
Stephen Henighan
Stephen Patrick Glanvill Henighan (born 19 June 1960) is a Canadian novelist, short story writer, journalist, translator and academic.

Henighan has written short stories and novels about immigrants and travellers. As an academic at the University of Guelph, he is known for his scholarly criticism on,  and translations of, Latin American literature, and Lusophone African fiction.  As a journalist, Henighan is also known for hard-hitting criticism of Canadian literature and culture.

Portuguese-speaking world
The Portuguese-speaking world, also known as the Lusophone world (Portuguese: mundo lusófono) or the Lusophony (Lusofonia), comprises the countries and territories in which the Portuguese language is an official, administrative, cultural, or secondary language. This article provides details regarding the geographical distribution of all Portuguese-speakers or Lusophones, regardless of legislative status. Portuguese is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world and is an official language of countries on four continents.
Prêmio Potências 2025
The Prêmio Potências 2025 marked the fifth edition of the event, held on November 24, 2025, at the Sala São Paulo in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The ceremony was hosted by journalist Rita Batista and presenter João Pimenta. The event featured performances by Péricles, Karol Conká, Jota.pê, and Rael.

The ceremony was broadcast by Dia TV and the digital platform PodPah. Singer Péricles was honored during the ceremony.

Karol Conká
Karoline dos Santos Oliveira (born January 1, 1986), known professionally as Karol Conká (Brazilian Portuguese: [kaˈɾɔw
kõˈka]), is a Brazilian rapper, singer and songwriter. Her music is a blend of modern hip-hop and rap with sounds from Brazilian pop and traditional music.
Ibn Fallus
Shams ad-Dīn Abû’t-Tāhir Ismāʽīl ibn-Ibrāhīm ibn-Ġāzī ibn-ʽAlī ibn Muhammad al-Ḥanafī al-Māridīnī (1194–1252), often called Ismāʽīl ibn-Fullūs or Ibn Fallus, was an Arab Egyptian mathematician of the Islamic Golden Age. Whilst on pilgrimage to Mecca, he tells of an epitome he wrote on number theory (extant in manuscript), which building on the work of Nicomachus, added three new perfect numbers (33,550,336; 8,589,869,056; and 137,438,691,328) to the four already discovered by the Greeks.

His table also included seven other supposed perfect numbers which are now known to be incorrect. Roshdi Rashed believes the errors emerged from over-reliance on Nicomachus' method.

This work did not reach Europe, and these three perfect numbers were only rediscovered there during the Renaissance, including by Pietro Cataldi.

Roshdi Rashed
Roshdi Rashed (Arabic: رشدي راشد), born in Cairo in 1936, is a mathematician, philosopher and historian of science, whose work focuses largely on mathematics and physics of the medieval Arab world. His work explores and illuminates the unrecognized Arab scientific tradition, being one of the first historians to study in detail the ancient and medieval texts, their journey through the Eastern schools and courses, their immense contributions to Western science, particularly in regarding the development of algebra and the first formalization of physics.
Samastipur Law College
Samastipur Law College or Vidhi Mahavidyalaya is a Government Law school situated at Uttarayan, Kasipur in Samastipur in the Indian state of Bihar. It offers 3 years integrated LL.B. course which is approved by Bar Council of India (BCI), New Delhi and affiliated to Lalit Narayan Mithila University. Samastipur Law College was established in 1978.

Bar Council of India
Bar Council of India (BCI) is a statutory body established under section 4 of the Advocates Act 1961 that regulates the legal practice and legal education in India. Its members are elected from amongst the lawyers in India and represent the Indian bar. It prescribes standards of professional conduct, etiquettes and exercises disciplinary jurisdiction over the bar. It also sets standards for legal education and grants recognition to universities whose law degrees will qualify students to enrol themselves as advocates upon graduation.
Majewo, Tczew County
Majewo [maˈjɛvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Morzeszczyn, within Tczew County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located within the ethnocultural region of Kociewie in the historic region of Pomerania.

Kociewie
Kociewie is an ethnocultural region in the eastern part of Tuchola Forest, in northern Poland, Pomerania, that is inhabited by the Kociewians. Its cultural capital is Starogard Gdański, the biggest town is Tczew, while other major towns include Świecie, and Pelplin. The region has about 250,000 inhabitants. It has well-developed industry and agriculture. Administratively, it is divided between the Pomeranian and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeships.

Kociewie is bordered by the Chełmno Land in the south, Powiśle in the east, Kashubia and Żuławy Wiślane in the north, and other parts of historic Pomerania in the west.
Charny, Yonne
Charny (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁni] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Yonne department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Charny-Orée-de-Puisaye.

Yonne
Yonne (French: [jɔn], in Burgundian: Ghienne) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in France. It is named after the river Yonne, which flows through it, in the country's north-central part. One of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté's eight constituent departments, it is located in its northwestern part, bordering Île-de-France. It was created in 1790 during the French Revolution. Its prefecture is Auxerre, with subprefectures in Avallon and Sens. Its INSEE and postcode number is 89.

Yonne is Bourgogne-Franche-Comté's fourth-most populous department, with a population of 335,707 (2019). Its largest city is its prefecture Auxerre, with a population of about 35,000 within city limits and 68,000 in the urban area.
1972 Tour of Flanders
The 56th running of the Tour of Flanders cycling race in Belgium was held on Sunday 9 April 1972. Belgian Eric Leman won ahead of André Dierickx and Frans Verbeeck, winning the classic for the second time. The race started in Ghent and finished in Gentbrugge. 80 out of 171 riders arrived.

André Dierickx
André Dierickx (born 29 October 1947) is a Belgian former professional road racing cyclist who competed between 1969 and 1981. He competed in the individual road race at the 1968 Summer Olympics. He also won the La Flèche Wallonne in 1973 and 1975, the 1971 Tour de Luxembourg, the 1978 Tour of Belgium and the 1973 Züri-Metzgete among other races.
Glenrowan wine region
The Glenrowan wine region is a wine growing region in the Australian state of Victoria, including the town of Glenrowan.

"Glenrowan" was entered in the Register of Protected Names on 14 October 2003 as the name of a region.

The region surrounds Lake Mokoan and includes the towns of Glenrowan, Winton, Thoona and the western part of Wangaratta and northeastern part of Benalla. It extends a small amount southeast of the Hume Highway, and further to the north and west. The Midland Highway is part of the southwestern boundary and the Wangaratta-Yarrawonga Road (C374) is the northeastern boundary.

The first vines were planted by Varley Bailey on his father's property in 1866. The region was devastated by phylloxera in the 1890s but quickly replanted on resistant rootstocks. There are now 13 growers and seven cellar doors.

Midland Highway (Victoria)
Midland Highway is a major rural highway linking major towns in Victoria, beginning from Geelong and winding through country Victoria in a large arc through the cities of Ballarat, Bendigo and Shepparton, eventually reaching Mansfield at the foothills of the Victorian Alps.

Midland Link Highway links Barjarg (on Midland Highway) and Maindample (on Maroondah Highway), bypassing Mansfield and reducing the journey from Benalla to Alexandra by 19 kilometres (12 mi).
Runaruna Mud Volcano
Runaruna Mud Volcano as a distinct and true mud volcano landform is considered a national geological place of interest in New Zealand. Several geological processes may cause the formation of mud volcanoes including elsewhere in New Zealand geothermal mud pools or mudpots. It is located just southwest of Broadwood on private property.

Mudpot
A mudpot, or mud pool, is a type of acidic hot spring, or fumarole, with limited water. It usually takes the form of a pool of bubbling mud, as a result of the acid and microorganisms decomposing surrounding rock into clay and mud.
Ischnolepis natalensis
Ischnolepis natalensis is a climbing geophyte vine, commonly known as propeller vine, in the family Apocynaceae. It is native to Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces of South Africa.

It was formerly placed in the monotypic genus Petopetia, which was first described as a genus in 1954.

Storage organ
A storage organ is a part of a plant specifically modified for storage of energy 
(generally in the form of carbohydrates) or water. Storage organs often grow underground, where they are better protected from attack by herbivores. Plants that have an underground storage organ are called geophytes in the Raunkiær plant life-form classification system. Storage organs often, but not always, act as perennating organs which enable plants to survive adverse conditions (such as cold, excessive heat, lack of light or drought).
Etchmiadzin uezd
The Etchmiadzin uezd was a county (uezd) of the Erivan Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. The uezd bordered the Alexandropol uezd to the north, the Nor Bayazet uezd to the east, Erivan uezd to the north, the Surmalu uezd to the south, and the Kars Oblast to the west. It included all of the Armavir Province and most of the Aragatsotn Province of present-day Armenia. The administrative centre of the county was Vagharshapat, also referred to as Etchmiadzin—the administrative capital of the Armenian Apostolic Church.

Kars oblast
The Kars oblast was a province (oblast) of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire between 1878 and 1917. Its capital was the city of Kars, which later became part of Turkey. The oblast bordered the Ottoman Empire to the west, the Batum Oblast (in 1883–1903 part of the Kutaisi Governorate) to the north, the Tiflis Governorate to the northeast, and the Erivan Governorate to the east. The Kars oblast included parts of the contemporary provinces of Kars, Ardahan, and Erzurum Province of Turkey, and the Amasia Community of the Shirak Province of Armenia.
Diocese of Ceuta
The Catholic diocese of Ceuta, first Portuguese and afterwards Spanish, existed from 1417 to 1879. It was a suffragan of the Patriarchate of Lisbon until 1675, with the end of the Iberian Union, when Ceuta chose to remain linked to the king of Spain. Since then it was a suffragan of the archdiocese of Seville. Its territory around Ceuta had previously belonged to the Order of Christ.

The diocese of Tanger was united to it, in 1570. In 1851, upon the signature of the concordat between the Holy See and Spain, the diocese of Ceuta was agreed to be suppressed, being combined into the diocese of Cádiz y Ceuta (up to then diocese of Cádiz y Algeciras). The agreement was implemented in 1879.

Concordat of 1851
The Concordat of 1851 was a concordat between the Spanish government of Queen Isabella II and the Vatican. It was negotiated in response to the policies of the anticlerical Liberal government, which had forced her mother out as regent in 1841. Although the concordat was signed on 16 March 1851, its terms were not implemented until 1855. (A second concordat was negotiated in 1859, as a supplement to the Concordat of 1851.)

The concordat remained in effect until it was repudiated by the Second Spanish Republic in 1931.  Ten years later, the first three articles were reinstated by Generalissimo Francisco Franco's 1941 Convention with the Vatican.  Eventually, a new concordat was signed in 1953.
Broadmount, Queensland
Broadmount is an abandoned riverside town in the Livingstone Shire, Queensland, Australia. It is within the locality of Thompson Point. From 1899 to 1929 it operated as a port serving Central Queensland.

Central Queensland
Central Queensland is an imprecisely defined geographical division of Queensland (a state in Australia) that centres on the eastern coast, around the Tropic of Capricorn. Its major regional centre is Rockhampton. The region extends from the Capricorn Coast west to the Central Highlands at Emerald, north to the Mackay Regional Council southern boundary, and south to Gladstone. The region is also known as Capricornia. It is one of Australia's main coal exporting regions.

At the 2011 Australian Census the region recorded a total population from the six local government areas of 233,931.
Huoshu
The huoshu  or huo shu (火鼠), meaning  fire rat or fire mouse is a fantastical beast in Chinese tradition.

It is said to dwell inside fire within incombustible trees growing in mountains in the south of China. Its hair when woven into cloth was said to turn into cloth that became clean when burnt, and thus equated with merchandise known as huo huan bu (火浣布) or "fire-laundered cloth", though such cloth in reality is considered to have been a type of asbestos cloth, not animal hair or plant fiber textile as claimed in ancient tracts.

Baopuzi
Baopuzi (simplified Chinese: 抱朴子; traditional Chinese: 抱樸子) is a literary work written by Ge Hong (AD 283–343), (Chinese: 葛洪; Wade–Giles: Ko Hung), a scholar during the turbulent Jin dynasty.

Baopuzi is divided into two main sections, the esoteric Neipian (Chinese: 內篇,; lit. 'Inner Chapters') and the section intended for the public to understand: Waipian (Chinese: 外篇; lit. ''Outer Chapters''). The Taoist Inner Chapters discuss topics such as techniques to achieve "hsien" (Chinese: 仙; lit. 'immortality', 'transcendence'), Chinese alchemy, elixirs, and demonology. The Confucian Outer Chapters discuss Chinese literature, Legalism, politics, and society.
Bis(triphenylphosphine)platinum chloride
Bis(triphenylphosphine)platinum chloride is a metal phosphine complex with the formula PtCl2[P(C6H5)3]2. Cis- and trans isomers are known. The cis isomer is a white crystalline powder, while the trans isomer is yellow. Both isomers are square planar about the central platinum atom. The cis isomer is used primarily as a reagent for the synthesis of other platinum compounds.

Metal-phosphine complex
A metal-phosphine complex is a coordination complex containing one or more phosphine ligands.  Almost always, the phosphine is an organophosphine of the type R3P (R = alkyl, aryl).  Metal phosphine complexes are useful in homogeneous catalysis. Prominent examples of metal phosphine complexes include Wilkinson's catalyst (Rh(PPh3)3Cl), Grubbs' catalyst, and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0).
Ernesto Rossi (politician)
Ernesto Rossi (25 August 1897 – 9 February 1967) was an Italian politician, journalist, and anti-fascist activist. His ideas contributed to the Action Party, and subsequently the Radical Party. He was co-author of the Ventotene Manifesto. Born in Caserta, the not yet nineteen-years old Rossi voluntarily enlisted and fought in World War I. After the war, moved by opposition to the socialists' attitude of hostility towards war veterans and their sacrifices and by contempt of the incapable political class of bounding idealists, he approached the nationalists of Il Popolo d'Italia (directed by Benito Mussolini), a newspaper with which he collaborated from 1919 to 1922. During that time, Rossi met Gaetano Salvemini, a democratic left-interventionist with whom he formed a long-lasting bond of respect and friendship, and he moved definitively and radically further from the positions that were bringing to the Italian fascist ideology. Aged 69, he died in Rome in 1967.

Il Popolo d'Italia
Il Popolo d'Italia (Italian: [il ˈpɔpolo d‿iˈtalja]; lit. 'The People of Italy') was an Italian newspaper published from 15 November 1914 until 24 July 1943. It was founded by Benito Mussolini as a pro-war newspaper during World War I, and it later became the main newspaper of the fascist movement in Italy after the war. It published editions every day with the exception of Mondays.
Fat Pizza vs. Housos
Fat Pizza vs. Housos is an Australian comedy film based on the combination of the stories and characters of the SBS series Pizza and the comedy series Housos, both created by Paul Fenech. The film began screening in Australian cinemas on 27 November 2014.

Special Broadcasting Service
The Special Broadcasting Service (SBS) is an Australian hybrid-funded public service broadcaster that receives about 80 percent of its funding from tax revenue. SBS operates six TV channels (SBS, SBS Viceland, SBS World Movies, SBS Food, NITV and SBS WorldWatch) and seven radio networks (SBS Radios 1, 2 and 3, Arabic 24, SBS Chill, SBS South Asian and SBS PopAsia). SBS is also home to SBS On Demand; a video streaming service.

The stated purpose of SBS is "to provide multilingual and multicultural radio and television services that inform, educate, and entertain all Australians and, in doing so, reflect Australia's multicultural society". SBS is one of five main free-to-air networks in Australia.

SBS was founded in 1975 as a radio network and launched its television channel in 1980. In-show advertising commenced in 2006 with commercial breaks spanning five minutes per hour. SBS's most successful imported television series is South Park.
2021 Giro d'Italia, Stage 12 to Stage 21
The 2021 Giro d'Italia will be the 104th edition of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Giro began in Turin with an individual time trial on 8 May, and Stage 12 occurred on 20 May with a stage from Siena. The race finished in Milan on 30 May.

Damiano Caruso
Damiano Caruso (born 12 October 1987) is an Italian professional road bicycle racer, who rides for UCI WorldTeam Team Bahrain Victorious. A stage winner at both the 2021 Giro d'Italia and the 2021 Vuelta a España, Caruso was also the 2008 under-23 Italian national champion for the road race. He competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics, in the road race.
José Santamarina
José María Santamarina (born 21 May 1963 in San Miguel de Tucumán) is a former Argentine rugby union player. He played as a number eight. He is the grandson of Mario Santamarina the introducer of rugby in Tucumán.

Santamarina played his entire career at Tucumán Rugby Club, from 1983/84 to 1999/2000, where he won 8 titles of the Torneo del Noroeste of Argentina, in 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1995 and 2000. He was also finalist of the Nacional de Clubes in 1993.

He had 23 caps for Argentina, from 1991 to 1995, scoring 2 tries, 9 points on aggregate. He was called for the 1991 Rugby World Cup, playing in three games, and for the 1995 Rugby World Cup, playing again in three games. He never scored in both occasions.

Tucumán Rugby Club
Tucumán Rugby Club (TRC) is an Argentine sports club based in the city of Yerba Buena in Tucumán Province. Although other sports (such as tennis and field hockey) are practised in the institution, Tucumán is mostly known for its rugby union team.

Tucumán rugby team is a member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 20 times and reaching the final of the Nacional de Clubes on two occasions.
Ivan Kvitka
Ivan Ivanovich Kvitka (Russian: Иван Иванович Квитка; born May 4, 1967, Kalach, Sverdlovsk Oblast) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 8th State Duma.

In 2000, Kvitka was granted a Candidate of Sciences degree in Philosophy. From 1992 to 1997, he worked as Vice-Rector for General Affairs of the Tyumen State Institute of World Economics, Management and Law. In 2001-2007, he was the deputy of the Tyumen Regional Duma of the 3rd and 4th convocations. In 2007, he was elected deputy of the State Duma of the 5th convocation. In 2011, 2016, and 2021, he was re-elected for the 6th, 7th, and 8th State Dumas.

Candidate of Sciences
A Candidate of Sciences is a PhD-equivalent academic research degree established by the Soviet Union. Since the 1990s, it has been replaced by a Doctor of Philosophy degree in many post-soviet Central and Eastern European countries, but is still offered in others, particularly Russia. It is officially classified by UNESCO as ISCED level 8: doctoral or equivalent. In countries that confer a Candidate of Sciences degree, a more advanced degree, Doctor of Sciences, is usually conferred as a higher doctorate.

The Candidate of Sciences degree may be recognized as a Doctor of Philosophy, usually in natural sciences, by scientific institutions in other countries.
Skjoldenæsholm Tram Museum
Skjoldenæsholm Tram Museum (Danish: Sporvejsmuseet Skjoldenæsholmda), also referred to as the Danish Tramway Museum, is an open-air museum dedicated to vintage trams and buses. Preserved railwaysda. It is located 65 km (40 mi) south-west of Copenhagen, Denmark, between Ringsted and Roskilde.

The museum opened on land which belongs to Skjoldenæsholm Castle on 26 May 1978. It was established and is run entirely by unpaid volunteers in collaboration with the Danish Tram Historical Society.

The museum is founded on some of the remains of Sjællandske Midtbane, a railway that was closed in 1936 and went from Næstved to Frederikssund via Ringsted and Hvalsø.

The museum's goal is to preserve and restore trams (and now also buses and trolleybuses) in running condition: Right from the inaugural meeting, the idea of preserving and restoring the fast-disappearing trams was conceived, so that future generations might be able to see and experience the old trams.

Østermarie
Østermarie is a village on the Danish island of Bornholm, 8 km (5.0 mi) west of Svaneke. Founded ca. 1880, its old church (Østermarie Church), now a ruin, dates back to the 12th century. The population as of 1 January 2025 is 459.