hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Itaba massacre
The Itaba massacre was, according to Amnesty International, the "massacre of between 173 and 267 unarmed civilians, many of them women, children and the elderly, who were deliberately and unlawfully killed in the Commune of Itaba, Gitega Province, Burundi on 9 September 2002". The killings were carried out by members of the armed forces of Burundi.

The Burundian authorities blamed the deaths on cross fire between government forces and the National Council for the Defense of Democracy – Forces for the Defense of Democracy (CNDD-FDD). Human rights groups have stated that civilians were deliberately targeted.

In 2002, the European Union called for an independent inquiry into the killings after criticising the judicial proceedings of a military court which found two officers guilty of failing to obey orders. They were sentenced to four months in prison, and released, having already served that time since their arrest.

Gitega Province
Gitega is one of the five provinces of Burundi. Its capital is Gitega, which is also the political capital. It has a population of 725,223 as of 2008 and an area of 1,979 square kilometres (764 sq mi).
Gorcy
Gorcy (French pronunciation: [ɡɔʁsi]) is a commune, located in the department of Meurthe-et-Moselle and the Grand Est region, France.
This village in the north of the Meurthe-et-Moselle is next to the Belgian frontier, and about 10 km from Longwy, main city of the "Pays-Haut".

Its inhabitants are named Gorcéens and Gorcéennes in French.

Longwy
Longwy (French pronunciation: [lɔ̃wi] ⓘ; older German: Langich, [ˈlaŋɪç]; Luxembourgish: Lonkech) is a commune in the French department of Meurthe-et-Moselle, Lorraine, administrative region of Grand Est, northeastern France.

The inhabitants are known as Longoviciens.

In 2008, the ville neuve ("New Town") was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, as part of the "Fortifications of Vauban" group for its contributions to the development of military architecture and engineering.
Joe Scarborough
Charles Joseph Scarborough (/ˈskɑːrbʌroʊ/; born April 9, 1963) is an American television host and former politician who is the co-host of Morning Joe on MS NOW with his wife Mika Brzezinski and Willie Geist. He previously hosted Scarborough Country on the same network. A former member of the Republican Party, Scarborough was in the United States House of Representatives for Florida's 1st district from 1995 to 2001. He was appointed to the President's Council on the 21st Century Workforce in 2002 and was a visiting fellow at the Harvard Institute of Politics at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government. He was named in the 2011 Time 100 as one of the most influential people in the world.

United States House Committee on Education and Workforce
The United States House Committee on Education and Workforce (also known as Committee on Education and the Workforce) is a standing committee of the United States House of Representatives. There are 45 members of this committee. Since 2025, the chair of the Education and Workforce committee is Republican Tim Walberg of Michigan.
Mental space
The mental space is a theoretical construct proposed by Gilles Fauconnier corresponding to possible worlds in truth-conditional semantics. The main difference between a mental space and a possible world is that a mental space does not contain a faithful representation of reality, but an idealized cognitive model. Building of mental spaces and establishment of mappings between those mental spaces are the two main processes involved in construction of meaning.
It is one of the basic components in Gilles Fauconnier and Mark Turner's blending theory, a theory within cognitive semantics.

Possible world
A possible world is a complete and consistent way the world is or could have been. Possible worlds are widely used as a formal device in logic, philosophy, and linguistics in order to provide a semantics for intensional and modal logic. Their metaphysical status has been a subject of controversy in philosophy, with modal realists such as David Lewis arguing that there are literally existing alternate realities, and others such as Robert Stalnaker arguing that alternate realities do not exist.
Minuscule 545
Minuscule 545 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 511 (in Soden's numbering), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on paper. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1430. 
Scrivener labeled it by number 558. It is housed at the University of Michigan. It has marginalia.

Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener
Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener (29 September 1813 – 30 October 1891) was an English writer and scholar. Additionally, he was a New Testament textual critic and a member of the English New Testament Revision Committee which produced the Revised Version of the Bible. He was prebendary of Exeter, and vicar of Hendon.
Elaine Martin
Elaine Barbara Martin is a chemical engineer and statistician and Head of School at the University of Leeds. She is a Fellow of the Institution of Chemical Engineers, Royal Statistical Society and Royal Academy of Engineering.

Royal Statistical Society
The Royal Statistical Society (RSS) is an established statistical society. It has three main roles: a British learned society for statistics, a professional body for statisticians and a charity which promotes statistics for the public good.
USS Pine Island
USS Pine Island (AV-12), a Currituck-class seaplane tender, is the only ship of the United States Navy to hold this name.  The ship was named after Pine Island Sound (off the coast of Lee County, Florida).

Pine Island was laid down on 16 November 1942 at the Los Angeles Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company, San Pedro, California; launched on 26 February 1944, sponsored by Mrs. Knefler McGinnis; and commissioned on 26 April 1945.

Currituck-class seaplane tender
The Currituck-class seaplane tenders were four ships built for the United States Navy during World War II. The role of a seaplane tender was to provide base facilities for squadrons of seaplanes in a similar way that an aircraft carrier does for its squadrons. While three members of the class were removed from active service in the 1960s, Norton Sound was modified to serve as a testbed for advanced radar and combat management systems, such as the Aegis Combat System.
Minister of Foreign Affairs (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)
This is a list of foreign ministers of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.

1979–1984: Hudson K. Tannis

1984–1992: James Fitz-Allen Mitchell

1992–1994: Herbert Young

1994–1998: Alpian Allen

1998–2001: Allan Cruickshank

2001–2005: Louis Straker

2005: Mike Browne

2005–2010: Louis Straker (from 2006, Sir Louis Straker)

2010–2013: Douglas Slater

2013–2015: Camillo Gonsalves

2015–2020: Sir Louis Straker

2020–2022: Ralph Gonsalves

From 2022: Keisal Melissa Peters

From 2024: Frederick Stephenson

Camillo Gonsalves
Camillo Michael Gonsalves (born 12 June 1972) is a Vincentian politician, lawyer and diplomat and a son of former long-term Prime Minister Ralph Gonsalves. He served as Minister of Finance, Economic Planning and Information Technology of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines during the premiership of his father and additionally sat in the House of Assembly as the representative for the constituency of East St. George from 2015 to 2025.
1966 U.S. Women's Open
The 1966 U.S. Women's Open was the 21st U.S. Women's Open, held June 30 to July 3 at Hazeltine National Golf Club in Chaska, Minnesota, a suburb southwest of Minneapolis.

Sandra Spuzich, age 29, won her only major title, a stroke ahead of runner-up Carol Mann, the defending champion. A stroke back in third was four-time champion Mickey Wright. Spuzich was the 54-hole leader by a stroke over the two former champions and played in the final pair with Mann. It was the first of seven victories on the LPGA Tour for Spuzich.

The 36-hole cut at 162 (+18) reduced the field of 99 to 44, which included ten amateurs.

Designed by Robert Trent Jones and opened four years earlier in 1962, Hazeltine later hosted two U.S. Opens and two PGA Championships; the U.S. Women's Open returned in 1977.

Chaska, Minnesota
Chaska (/ˈtʃæskə/ CHASS-kə) is a city in and the county seat of Carver County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 27,810 at the 2020 census. An outer ring suburb of the Twin Cities located 21 miles (34 km) southwest of Minneapolis, Chaska is home to the Hazeltine National Golf Club, which has hosted two PGA Championships and the Ryder Cup. The City of Chaska merged with Chaska Township in 2006.
A Story of Healing
A Story of Healing is a short documentary film in which Donna Dewey follows a team of five nurses, four anesthesiologists, and three plastic surgeons led by Larry Nichter, MD, FACS from Interplast in the United States for two weeks of volunteer work in the Mekong delta of Vietnam. The film shows not only how this changes the lives of the 110 patients who undergo surgery, but also the lives of the volunteers themselves. The epilogue, which runs after the credits, follows-up on two patients helped by Interplast, 16 months after their surgery.

In 1998, "A Story of Healing" won the Academy Award for Best Documentary (Short Subject). In 2007, it became the first Oscar-winning film to be licensed under a Creative Commons license when it was opened under the Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.

Academy Award for Best Documentary Short Film
This is a list of films by year that have received an Academy Award together with the other nominations for best documentary short film. Following the Academy's practice, the year listed for each film is the year of release: the awards are announced and presented early in the following year. Copies of every winning film (along with copies of most nominees) are held by the Academy Film Archive. Fifteen films are shortlisted before nominations are announced.
Arsenal VG 90
The Arsenal VG 90 was a French carrier-based jet-engined interceptor developed in the late 1940s. It was intended to compete for an Aéronavale (French Naval Aviation) contract and first flew in 1949. It set a speed record for a French aircraft the following year, but both of the completed prototypes were destroyed in fatal crashes and the program was cancelled in 1952 before the third prototype was finished. The Aéronavale contract was eventually awarded to a license-built British aircraft. The remains of the last VG 90 were scrapped in 1978.

Licensed production
Licensed production is the production under license of technology developed elsewhere. The licensee provides the licensor of a specific product with legal production rights, technical information, process technology, and any other proprietary components that cannot be sourced by the licensor.

This is an especially prominent commercial practice in developing nations, which often approach licensed production as a starting point for indigenous industrial development. While licensed production in developing nations provides stimulus to the production and technical capabilities of local industry, in many cases it remains at least partly dependent on foreign support.
Nissan Kait
The Nissan Kait is a subcompact crossover SUV manufactured by the Japanese carmaker Nissan. It is based on the P15 Kicks, which the model features updated styling but keeps the underpinnings of the Kicks. Production has started in Brazil in December 2025, with exports planned to 20 countries.

Subcompact crossover SUV
Subcompact crossover SUV is an automobile segment used to describe the smallest segment of crossover SUV, a type of sport utility vehicle, below the compact crossover SUV. Subcompact crossover SUVs are usually based on a platform of a subcompact (also known as supermini or B-segment) passenger car, although some high-end subcompact crossover models are based on a compact car (C-segment). The segment started to gain traction during early to mid-2010s when the number of models and sales figures rapidly increased in major markets such as North America and Europe. In 2019, around 22 percent of SUV global sales were contributed by subcompact crossovers.

The segment is particularly popular in Europe, India, and Brazil where they account for 37 percent, 75 percent, and 69 percent of total SUV sales in 2018 respectively. In 2019, the best selling subcompact crossover was the Honda HR-V, recording 622,154 units being sold worldwide.
Diocese of Aleria
The Diocese of Aleria (Latin Dioecesis Aleriensis) is, since 2002, a titular see of the Catholic Church. It was formerly a diocese of the Latin Church in the center of the eastern coast of the island of Corsica in the Department of Haute-Corse. The town of Aleria was subject to repeated raids by Arab fleets in the eighth and ninth centuries, and, eventually, abandoned. The bishop moved to a secure stronghold to the north. From at least the eleventh century, the diocese was a suffragan of the metropolitan archdiocese of Pisa. The diocese was suppressed by the Civil Constitution of the Clergy in 1790, and was not revived by the Concordat of 1801 between the French Consulate and the Papacy.

Barnabites
The Barnabites (Latin: Barnabitum), officially named as the Clerics Regular of Saint Paul (Latin: Clerici Regulares Sancti Pauli), are a religious order of clerics regular founded in 1530 in the Catholic Church. They are associated with the Angelic Sisters of Saint Paul and the members of the Barnabite lay movement.
2008 TSC Stores Tankard
The 2008 TSC Stores Tankard, the Ontario men's curling championship, was held February 4–10 at the Waterloo Memorial Recreation Complex in Waterloo.

The event featured 11 teams, instead of the usual 10, since the Glenn Howard team was granted an automatic bye for having won the Brier the previous year.

Team Glenn Howard would repeat their third straight provincial championship, defeating 2000 champion Peter Corner in the final.

Ontario Tankard
The Ontario Tankard, officially the Ontario Men's Provincial Championships, is the Southern Ontario provincial championship for men's curling. The winner represents Team Ontario at the Montana's Brier. The tournament is overseen by Curling Ontario (formerly the Ontario Curling Association).

Northern Ontario has its own provincial championship, known as the Northern Ontario Men's Provincial Curling Championship.

This championship is not to be confused with the Silver Tankard, historically also known as the Ontario Tankard (and until 1937 a Brier qualifier).
Middle Cove, New South Wales
Middle Cove is a suburb on the Lower North Shore of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia 9 kilometres north of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Willoughby.

Middle Cove is bounded to the north, east and south by Middle Harbour and to the west by Eastern Valley Way. Middle Cove shares its postcode, 2068, with the surrounding suburbs of Castlecrag and Willoughby North.

In 2016 Middle Cove was ranked in the top 30 of Sydney's most liveable suburbs.

City of Willoughby
The City of Willoughby is a local government area on the Lower North Shore of Northern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is located 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) north of the Sydney central business district. It was first proclaimed in October 1865 as the Municipality of North Willoughby.

The main commercial centre of the City of Willoughby is Chatswood, home to one of Sydney's suburban skyscraper clusters. Other commercial centres are the suburbs of Willoughby, St Leonards and Artarmon. Willoughby is situated on an elevated plateau, and all of Sydney's television stations broadcast from towers in the area. Within the City of Willoughby is the Royal North Shore Hospital, located at St Leonards, one of Sydney's major hospitals.

The Council comprises an area of 23 square kilometres (8.9 sq mi), and as at the 2021 census had an estimated population of 75,613.
Kowloon North-east (1995 constituency)
Kowloon North-east was a geographical constituencies in the election for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong in 1995, which elects one member of the Legislative Council using the first-past-the-post voting system. The constituency covers Wong Tai Sin District in Kowloon.

The constituency was replaced by the Kowloon East constituency in 1998 after the handover of Hong Kong a year before.

Geographical constituency
In Hong Kong, geographical constituencies, as opposed to functional constituencies, are elected by all eligible voters according to geographically demarcated constituencies. There are currently 5 geographical constituencies in Hong Kong, returning 35 members to the Legislative Council.  Following the 2021 electoral reforms passed by the Standing Committee of the mainland National People's Congress, the number of members returned by geographical constituencies would be lowered to 20, while the total number of seats in the Legislative Council would be increased to 90.
Mohamed Zainuddin Juvale
Mohamed Zainuddin Juvale, popularly known as Captain Fakir Mohamed Zainuddin Juvale, was an Indian naval captain and one of the pioneers of the trade from the Konkan region in the western Indian state of Maharashtra. Born on 10 January 1890 in a Konkani Muslim family, Juvale had only primary education and started his career as a Khalasi (sailor) in a merchant ship. Over the years, he rose in ranks to become the captain of the vessel, reportedly the only Indian to achieve the feat.

After retirement, Juvale founded the first nautical school in India, Kokan Nautical School, in 1923 at Dongri, Mumbai for imparting sea man training to Konkan youth. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest Indian civilian honour of Padma Shri in 1981. The Shipping Corporation of India named one of their supply ships in his honour as M. V. Capt FM Juvale in 1998. He documented his life in an autobiography, The Ebbs and Flows of My Marine Life which is written in Marathi.

India portal

Konkani Muslims
Konkani Muslims (or Kokani Muslims) are an ethnoreligious subgroup of the Konkani people of the Konkani region along the west coast of India, who practice Islam. Nawayath and "Nakhuda" Muslims from the North Canara district of Karnataka have similar origin as Konkani Muslims, but show a distinct ethnolinguistic identity due to geographical isolation of the Canara coast from the Konkan coast.
Road Riot 4WD
Road Riot 4WD is an arcade racing game developed by Atari Games and originally released in 1991. In the game, players control weapon-equipped dune buggies and attempt to win races around the globe. A port of the game was released for the Super NES. Versions of the game for the Atari Lynx and Sega Genesis were developed, but never released.  A sequel entitled Road Riot's Revenge was also in development and cabinets for the game were made, but the sequel never entered mass production.

Arcade cabinet
An arcade cabinet, also known as an arcade machine or a coin-op cabinet or coin-op machine, is the housing within which an arcade game's electronic hardware resides. Most cabinets designed since the mid-1980s conform to the Japanese Amusement Machine Manufacturers Association (JAMMA) wiring standard. Some include additional connectors for features not included in the standard.
Furcal nerve
The furcal nerve (forked nerve) links the lumbar plexus and the sacral plexus. It has its own dorsal and ventral branches with fibres that branch out to become part of the femoral and obturator nerves. The furcal nerve is found in the lumbosacral trunk most commonly at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra (L4).

Lumbar plexus
The lumbar plexus is a web of nerves (a nerve plexus) in the lumbar region of the body which forms part of the larger lumbosacral plexus.  It is formed by the divisions of the first four lumbar nerves (L1–L4) and from contributions of the subcostal nerve (T12), which is the last thoracic nerve. Additionally, the ventral rami of the fourth lumbar nerve pass communicating branches, the lumbosacral trunk, to the sacral plexus.  The nerves of the lumbar plexus pass in front of the hip joint and mainly support the anterior part of the thigh.

The plexus is formed lateral to the intervertebral foramina and passes through psoas major.  Its smaller motor branches are distributed directly to psoas major, while the larger branches leave the muscle at various sites to run obliquely down through the pelvis to leave under the inguinal ligament with the exception of the obturator nerve which exits the pelvis through the obturator foramen.
History of the Jews in Asti
Asti is a city of about 75,000 inhabitants located in the Piedmont region of northwestern Italy, about 55 kilometres (34 miles) east of Turin, in the plain of the Tanaro River. It is the capital of the province of Asti. In the Middle Ages it was an important trade center and the capital of a powerful republic. Though it is believed that Asti's  Jewish community existed as early as the 8th century, it became prominent in the area in the 14th century with the arrival of many Jews expelled from France. The Jewish synagogue and cemetery in Asti can still be visited today, as well as the old ghetto, a local Jewish museum and some of the old Jewish homes. Nowadays, however, the Jewish community of Asti consists of only several Jews, and is branched to the Jewish community of Torino.

Duchy of Savoy
The Duchy of Savoy was a territorial entity of the Savoyard state that existed from 1416 until 1847 and was a possession of the House of Savoy.
It was created when Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, raised the County of Savoy into a duchy for Amadeus VIII. The duchy was an Imperial fief, subject of the Holy Roman Empire, until 1792, with a vote in the Imperial Diet. From the 16th century, Savoy belonged to the Upper Rhenish Circle.

Its territory included the current French departments of Savoie, Haute-Savoie, and the Alpes-Maritimes, the current Italian region of Aosta Valley, a large part of Piedmont and the County of Geneva in Switzerland, which was then lost to the Old Swiss Confederacy. The main Vulgar languages that were spoken within the Duchy of Savoy were Arpitan and Piedmontese.
Ola Bratteli
Ola Bratteli (24 October 1946 – 8 February 2015) was a Norwegian mathematician.

He was a son of Trygve Bratteli and Randi Bratteli (née Larssen). He received a PhD degree in 1974. He was appointed as professor at the University of Trondheim in 1980 and at the University of Oslo in 1991. He was a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.

Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters (Norwegian: Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi, DNVA) is a learned society based in Oslo, Norway. Its purpose is to support the advancement of science and scholarship in Norway.
2014 ITS Cup
The 2014 ITS Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the sixth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $50,000 in prize money. It took place in Olomouc, Czech Republic, on 14–20 July 2014.

2014 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2014 ITF Women's Circuit is the 2014 edition of the second tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organised by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the WTA Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $10,000 up to $100,000.
Jet (gemstone)
Jet is a type of lignite, the lowest rank of coal, and is a gemstone. Unlike many gemstones, jet is not a mineral, but is rather a mineraloid. It is derived from wood that has changed under extreme pressure.

The English noun jet derives from the French word for the same material, jaiet (modern French jais), ultimately referring to the ancient town of Gagae. Jet is either black or dark brown, but may contain pyrite inclusions which are of brassy colour and metallic lustre. The adjective "jet-black", meaning as dark a black as possible, derives from this material.

Coal analysis
Coal analysis techniques are specific analytical methods designed to measure the particular physical and chemical properties of coals. These methods are used primarily to determine the suitability of coal for coking, power generation or for iron ore smelting in the manufacture of steel.