hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Holt graph
In graph theory, the Holt graph or Doyle graph is the smallest half-transitive graph, that is, the smallest example of a vertex-transitive and edge-transitive graph which is not also symmetric. Such graphs are not common.  It is named after Peter G. Doyle and Derek F. Holt, who discovered the same graph independently in 1976 and 1981 respectively.

The Holt graph has diameter 3, radius 3 and girth 5, chromatic number 3, chromatic index 5 and is Hamiltonian with 98,472 distinct Hamiltonian cycles. It is also a 4-vertex-connected and a 4-edge-connected graph. It has book thickness 3 and queue number 3.
The graph is not 1-planar.

It has an automorphism group of order 54. This is a smaller group than a symmetric graph with the same number of vertices and edges would have. The graph drawing on the right highlights this, in that it lacks reflectional symmetry.

The characteristic polynomial of the Holt graph is

Vertex-transitive graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, an automorphism is a permutation of the vertices such that edges are mapped to edges and non-edges are mapped to non-edges.  A graph is a vertex-transitive graph if, given any two vertices v1 and v2 of G, there is an automorphism f such that

In other words, a graph is vertex-transitive if its automorphism group acts transitively on its vertices. A graph is vertex-transitive if and only if its graph complement is, since the group actions are identical.

Every symmetric graph without isolated vertices is vertex-transitive, and every vertex-transitive graph is regular. However, not all vertex-transitive graphs are symmetric (for example, the edges of the truncated tetrahedron), and not all regular graphs are vertex-transitive (for example, the Frucht graph and Tietze's graph).
2010 Japanese Super Cup
The 2010 Japanese Super Cup was held on 27 February 2010 between the 2009 J. League champions Kashima Antlers and the 2009 Emperor's Cup winner Gamba Osaka. The match was drawn 1–1 at the end of regulation time and Kashima Antlers went on to win the match 5–3 in penalties.

Japanese Super Cup
The Japanese Super Cup (Japanese: スーパーカップ, Hepburn: Sūpā Kappu), a.k.a. the Fujifilm Super Cup (Japanese: 富士フイルム スーパーカップ, Hepburn: Fuji Fuirumu Sūpā Kappu) for sponsorship reasons, is an annual one-match association football competition in Japan organised by J.League and the Japan Football Association. This competition serves as the season opener and is played between the reigning J1 League champions and the Emperor's Cup winners. Fuji Xerox has sponsored the competition since its inception in 1994 (rebranded as Fujifilm Business Innovation from April 2021). The match is usually played annually every February.
Huamanripayoc (Arequipa)
Huamanripayoc (possibly from Quechua wamanripa Senecio, -yuq a suffix, "the one with the wamanripa") is a  mountain in the Chila mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,000 m (16,000 ft) high. It is located in the Arequipa Region, Castilla Province, Chachas District. Huamanripayoc lies at the Cacamayo (possibly from Quechua for "rock river"), northwest of Ticlla and northeast of Huayllayoc.

Chila mountain range
The Chila mountain range lies in the Arequipa Region in the Andes of Peru. It extends between 15°02' and 15°26'S and 71°43' and 72°37'W for about 80 km. The range is located in the provinces of Castilla and Caylloma.
John Foxe
John Foxe (1516/1517 – 18 April 1587) was an English clergyman, theologian, and historian, notable for his martyrology Foxe's Book of Martyrs, telling of Christian martyrs throughout Western history, but particularly the sufferings of English Protestants and "proto-Protestants" from the 14th century and in the reign of Mary I. The book was widely owned and read by English Puritans and helped to mould British opinion on the Catholic Church for several centuries.

Bishops' Bible
The Bishops' Bible is an English edition of the Bible which was produced under the authority of the established Church of England in 1568. It was substantially revised in 1572, and the 1602 edition was prescribed as the base text for the King James Version that was completed in 1611.
Crime Scene Cleaner
Crime Scene Cleaner (German: Der Tatortreiniger) is a German comedy TV series broadcast by the NDR/ARD, starring Bjarne Mädel as the title protagonist. It was directed by Arne Feldhusen and written by Mizzi Meyer. The show was broadcast from 2011 until 2018, spanning 31 episodes over seven series.

Crime Scene Cleaner can be described as a mixture of chamber play, sitcom and comedy of manners. Guest actors include Sandra Hüller, Florian Lukas, Matthias Brandt and Fritzi Haberlandt.

Norddeutscher Rundfunk
Norddeutscher Rundfunk (pronounced [ˈnɔʁtˌdɔʏtʃɐ ˈʁʊntfʊŋk]; "North German Broadcasting"), commonly shortened to NDR (pronounced [ˌɛndeːˈʔɛʁ] ⓘ), is a public radio and television broadcaster, based in Hamburg. In addition to the city-state of Hamburg, NDR broadcasts for the German states of Lower Saxony, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Schleswig-Holstein. NDR is a member of ARD, the joint organisation of German public broadcasters.
Business and Government Historic District
The Business and Government Historic District is a historic district in downtown Baltimore, Maryland, United States, that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987. The district comprises the center of Baltimore's municipal government and the eastern portion of Baltimore's commercial district. The major feature of the district is the War Memorial Plaza with City Hall to the west and the War Memorial to the east.

The district includes several Registered Historic Places, including Baltimore City Hall and Battle Monument. It is within Baltimore National Heritage Area. Other contributing properties include the B&O Railroad Headquarters Building.

Downtown Baltimore
Downtown Baltimore is the central business district of the city of Baltimore traditionally bounded by Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard to the west, Franklin Street to the north, President Street to the east and the Inner Harbor area to the south.

In 1904, downtown Baltimore was almost destroyed by a huge fire with damages estimated at $150 million. Since the City of Baltimore was chartered in 1796, this downtown nucleus has been the focal point of business in the Baltimore metropolitan area.  It has also increasingly become a heavily populated neighborhood with over 37,000 residents and new condominiums and apartment homes being built steadily.
Rosa Gala
Rosa Maria Luísa Gala (born 17 April 1995) is an Angolan female basketball player.

Born in Lubango, Gala was selected to play for the Angola women's national basketball team that won bronze at the 2011 FIBA Africa Under-16 Championship. the following year she was selected for the 2012 FIBA Africa Under-18 Championship. She was selected for the Angola women's national basketball team's pre-squad for the 2013 Afrobasket but was later dismissed for failing to meet age requirements.

Gala's club side, C.D. Primeiro de Agosto, came second in the 2013 FIBA Africa Women's Clubs Champions Cup. She again represented Angola in basketball at the 2014 Lusophony Games, winning silver. She also played for Angola at the 2014 FIBA World Championship for Women and in basketball at the 2015 African Games – Women's tournament.

Angola women's national basketball team
Angola women's national basketball team is the basketball team which represents Angolan women internationally. In 2011 FIBA Africa Championship for Women They  won their first Continental African title and they qualified for the first time to 2012 Summer Olympics. They have made their only appearance so far in the FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup in 2014, where they finished last among 16 teams.
The Veteran (2006 film)
The Veteran is a 2006 American made-for-TV war film directed by Sidney J. Furie and starring Ally Sheedy, Bobby Hosea, Michael Ironside, Casper Van Dien, Colin Glazer, Sean Baek, Jim Codrington and Donald Burda. It is a follow-up to Under Heavy Fire.

The film is the third in Sidney J. Furie's Vietnam War trilogy along with 1977's The Boys in Company C and 2001's Under Heavy Fire, resembling Oliver Stone and his Vietnam War trilogy of 1986's Platoon, 1989's Born on the Fourth of July and 1993's Heaven & Earth.

Heaven & Earth (1993 film)
Heaven & Earth is a 1993 American biographical war drama film written and directed by Oliver Stone, and starring Tommy Lee Jones, Haing S. Ngor, Joan Chen, and Hiep Thi Le. It is the third and final film in Stone's Vietnam War trilogy, following Platoon (1986) and Born on the Fourth of July (1989).

The film was based on the books When Heaven and Earth Changed Places and Child of War, Woman of Peace, both authored by Le Ly Hayslip about her experiences during and after the Vietnam War. It received mixed reviews and performed poorly at the box office.
Sarah Aaronsohn
Sarah Aaronsohn (Hebrew: שרה אהרנסון, 5 January 1890 – 9 October 1917) was a member of Nili, a ring of Jewish spies working for the British in World War I, and a sister of agronomist Aaron Aaronsohn. She is often referred to as the "heroine of Nili."

Ot me-Avshalom
Ot me-Avshalom (Hebrew: אות מאבשלום Translation: A Letter from Avshalom or A Sign from Avshalom) is a novel by Israeli author Nava Macmel-Atir published by Yediot Books in 2009. The book quickly became a best-seller, and Macmel-Atir received the Golden Book award for selling 20,000 copies in just three months after its release. Half a year after its publication, Ot me-Avshalom received the Platinum Book award from the Book Publishers Association of Israel for selling 40,000 copies. In June 2015, it received the "Diamond Book" commemoration for selling 100,000 copies.
National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health
The National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health (NEBOSH (/ˈniːbɒʃ/ NEE-bosh)) is a UK-based examination board offering qualifications in health, safety, environment and wellbeing management.

It was founded in 1979 and has charitable status. It offers a range of qualifications from introductory to professional level. Around 400,000 people worldwide held a NEBOSH qualification as of 2019.

Qualifications and courses are delivered by NEBOSH's network of approximately 600 accredited Learning Partners, which are located in countries around the world.

NEBOSH qualifications are recognised by relevant professional membership bodies including the Institution of Occupational Safety and Health (IOSH) and the International Institute of Risk and Safety Management (IIRSM).

In 2014, NEBOSH received the Queen's Award for Enterprise for Outstanding Achievement in International Trade.

Ofqual
The Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation (Ofqual) is a non-ministerial government department that regulates qualifications, exams and tests in England. Colloquially and publicly, Ofqual is often referred to as the exam "watchdog".
1983 Giro d'Italia, Stage 12 to Stage 22
The 1983 Giro d'Italia was the 66th edition of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Giro began in Brescia, with a team time trial on 13 May, after the annulment of the prologue individual time trial the day before. Stage 12 occurred on 25 May with a stage from Pietrasanta. The race finished in Udine on 5 June.

1983 Giro d'Italia
The 1983 Giro d'Italia was the 66th running of the Giro. It started in Brescia, on 12 May, with an 8 km (5.0 mi) prologue and concluded in Udine, on 5 June, with a 40 km (24.9 mi) individual time trial. A total of 162 riders from eighteen teams entered the 22-stage race, that was won by Italian Giuseppe Saronni of the Del Tongo-Colnago team. The second and third places were taken by Italian Roberto Visentini and Spaniard Alberto Fernández, respectively.

Amongst the other classifications that the race awarded, Saronni won the points classification, Lucien Van Impe of Metauro Mobili won the mountains classification, and Vivi-Benotto's Franco Chioccioli completed the Giro as the best neo-professional in the general classification, finishing sixteenth overall. Renault-Elf finishing as the winners of the team classification, ranking each of the twenty teams contesting the race by lowest cumulative time. The team points classification was won by Zor-Gemeaz Cusin.
Α-Halo carboxylic acids and esters
α-Halo carboxylic acids and esters are organic compounds with the respective formulas RCHXCO2H and RCHXCO2R' where R and R' are organic substituents.  The X in these compounds is a halide, usually chloride and bromide.  These compounds are often used as intermediates in the preparation of more elaborate derivatives.   They are often potent alkylating agents.  The mono halide derivatives are chiral.

Epoxide
In organic chemistry, an epoxide is a cyclic ether, where the ether forms a three-atom ring: two atoms of carbon and one atom of oxygen.  This triangular structure has substantial ring strain, making epoxides highly reactive, more so than other ethers.  They are produced on a large scale for many applications.  In general, low molecular weight epoxides are colourless and nonpolar, and often volatile.
Ex parte Bowman
Ex Parte Bowman 61 U.S.P.Q.2d 1669 (Bd. Pat. App. & Int. 2001) was a decision by the U.S. Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences which asserted that in order to be patent-eligible, a process had to involve or promote the technological arts.  This decision was overruled by the Board's subsequent Ex Parte Lundgren decision, but the Board's and then the Federal Circuit's In re Bilski opinion then superseded Lundgren. In re Bilski, however, rejects use of "not in the technological arts" as a basis for a rejection, although it seems to accept the concept when differently named. Bilski was affirmed by the Supreme Court in Bilski v. Kappos.

Bilski v. Kappos
Bilski v. Kappos, 561 U.S. 593 (2010), was a case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States holding that the machine-or-transformation test is not the sole test for determining the patent eligibility of a process, but rather "a useful and important clue, an investigative tool, for determining whether some claimed inventions are processes under § 101." In so doing, the Supreme Court affirmed the rejection of an application for a patent on a method of hedging losses in one segment of the energy industry by making investments in other segments of that industry, on the basis that the abstract investment strategy set forth in the application was not patentable subject matter.
Amiga Hunk
Hunk is the executable file format of tools and programs of the Amiga Operating System based on Motorola 68000 CPU and other processors of the same family. The file format was originally defined by MetaComCo. as part of TRIPOS, which formed the basis for AmigaDOS.
This kind of executable got its name from the fact that the software programmed on Amiga is divided in its internal structure into many pieces called hunks, in which every portion could contain either code or data.

NewIcons
NewIcons is a third-party extension to the icon handling system for AmigaOS 2 and newer. NewIcons was first invented and developed by the Italian programmer Nicola Salmoria. Subsequent development was done by Eric Sauvageau and Phil Vedovatti.
Town of Tennant Creek
The Town of Tennant Creek was a Local Government Area of the Northern Territory. The town council covered an area of 42.2 km2 and had a population of about 4,873.

The Tennant Creek Town Council consisted of the Mayor and three aldermen. It was not divided into wards.

Barkly Region
The Barkly Region, formerly Barkly Shire, is a local government area of the Northern Territory of Australia, administered by the Barkly Regional Council.  The region's main town is Tennant Creek. The region covers an area of 322,713 square kilometres (124,600 sq mi) and had a population of almost 7,400 as at June 2018.
Altamiro de Moura Pacheco State Park
The Altamiro de Moura Pacheco State Park (Portuguese: Parque Estadual Altamiro de Moura Pacheco) is a state park in the state of Goiás, Brazil.
It protects an area of dry forest beside a major reservoir that supplies water to the state capital.

State park (Brazil)
A state park (Portuguese: Parque Estadual) in Brazil is a legally defined type of protected area operated by one of the states.
Their goal is to preserve important or beautiful natural ecosystems.
Public access is allowed subject to regulations defined by the responsible agency.
Robert Dingley (FRS)
Robert Dingley (baptised 12 September 1710 – 1781) was an English merchant and banker, known as a philanthropist. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1747.

The son of Robert and Susanna, he and his younger brother Charles (1711-1769) were significant figures in Anglo-Russian trade in the middle of the 18th century. He joined the Society of Dilettanti in 1736.

Associated with the London Foundling Hospital as an inspector, Dingley pushed to found the Magdalen Hospital in Whitechapel that was founded in 1758. It came into being after a campaign run in the Literary Magazine 1756–8, in which Dingley was an ally of William Dodd, John Fielding and Saunders Welch, following Dingley's initial suggestion in 1750 to Jonas Hanway.

Dingley was a collector of coins, drawings and engraved gems. He was also an architect who designed ornamental buildings, in particular for West Wycombe Park.

Jonas Hanway
Jonas Hanway, FRSA (12 August 1712 – 5 September 1786), was an English merchant, writer and philanthropist. He was the first male Londoner to carry an umbrella and was a noted opponent of tea drinking. Hanway created seventy-four printed works, mostly pamphlets, on a wide variety of subjects. Of literary importance is the Historical Account of British Trade over the Caspian Sea, with a Journal of Travels, etc. (London, 1753). He is also cited frequently for his work with the Foundling Hospital in London, particularly his pamphlets detailing the earliest comparative "histories" of the foundation versus similar institutions abroad.
Armed Forces Service Medal
The Armed Forces Service Medal (AFSM) is a military award of the United States military that was created on January 11, 1996, by President Bill Clinton under Executive Order 12985.  The AFSM is a deployed service medal that is presented to those service members who engage in "significant activity" for which no other U.S. campaign or service medal is authorized.

Medal ribbon
A medal ribbon, service ribbon or ribbon bar is a small ribbon, mounted on a small metal bar equipped with an attaching device, which is generally issued for wear in place of a medal when it is not appropriate to wear the actual medal. Each country's government has its own rules on what ribbons can be worn in what circumstances and in which order. This is usually defined in an official document and is called "the order of precedence" or "the order of wearing."  In some countries (particularly in North America and in Israel), some awards are "ribbon only," having no associated medal.
Montegioco
Montegioco is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) east of Turin and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Alessandria. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 315 and an area of 5.4 square kilometres (2.1 sq mi).

Montegioco borders the following municipalities: Avolasca, Cerreto Grue, Costa Vescovato, Monleale, Montemarzino, and Sarezzano.

Alessandria
Alessandria (Italian: [alesˈsandrja] ⓘ; Piedmontese: Lissandria [liˈsɑŋdrja]) is a city and commune in Piedmont, Italy, and the capital of the Province of Alessandria. With a population of 92,518, it is the 3rd-largest city in Piedmont and the 53rd-largest in Italy.

Known for the famous hat manufacturing company Borsalino and for its proximity to the historical site of the battle of Marengo, led by Napoleon, the town is an important agricultural, industrial and logistic hub within its region and Italy's North-West. With a surface extension that makes it Piedmont's largest municipality and a population of 92 839 inhabitants  (the third most popolous city in the region), Alessandria is located in the centre of the so-called "industrial triangle", whose vertices are Turin, Milan and Genoa. Alessandria is also home to one of the headquarters of the University of Eastern Piedmont, which is an academic institution that has a tripolar structure shared with Vercelli and Novara.
Emirates SkyCargo Flight 9788
Emirates SkyCargo Flight 9788 was a scheduled international cargo flight operated by Air ACT for Emirates SkyCargo from Al Maktoum International Airport, Dubai, to Hong Kong International Airport, Hong Kong. On 20 October 2025, the aircraft operating the flight, a Boeing 747-400, suffered a runway excursion at Hong Kong International Airport at around 03:53 HKT (19:53 UTC). The aircraft collided with a ground vehicle and subsequently  crashed into the South China Sea.  The two airport security staff in the ground vehicle were killed, while all four occupants of the aircraft survived. The aircraft, which split into two pieces, was destroyed and written off.

Airport Authority Hong Kong later announced runway 07L, the incident runway, was fit for use after examination. It is the first fatal aviation incident to occur at Hong Kong International Airport since China Airlines Flight 642 in 1999.

China Airlines Flight 642
China Airlines Flight 642 was a scheduled flight that crashed at Hong Kong (Chek Lap Kok) International Airport on 22 August 1999. It was operating from Bangkok (Bangkok International Airport, now renamed as Don Mueang International Airport) to Taipei with a stopover in Hong Kong.

The plane, a McDonnell Douglas MD-11 (registration B-150), touched down hard during landing, flipped over and caught fire. Of the 315 people on board, 312 survived and three were killed. It was the first fatal accident to occur at the new Hong Kong International airport since it opened in July 1998.

Flight 642 was one of only two hull losses of MD-11s with passenger configuration, the other being Swissair Flight 111, which crashed in 1998 with 229 fatalities. All other hull losses of MD-11s have been when the aircraft has been serving as a cargo aircraft.
Gusperimus
Gusperimus is an immunosuppressive drug. It is a derivative of the naturally occurring HSP70 inhibitor spergualin, and inhibits the interleukin-2-stimulated maturation of T cells to the S and G2/M phases and the polarization of the T cells into IFN-gamma-secreting Th1 effector T cells, resulting in the inhibition of growth of activated naive CD4 T cells.

Gusperimus was developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb. Currently, it is manufactured and sponsored for use as an orphan drug and for clinical studies by the Japanese company Euro Nippon Kayaku. The patent claim (see quotation) is that Gusperimus may be useful for a variety of hyperreactive inflammatory diseases such as autoimmune diseases. The drug is available in vials containing 100 mg each.

There is little information about the pharmacokinetic properties of gusperimus.

Hemiaminal
In organic chemistry, a hemiaminal (also carbinolamine) is a functional group or type of chemical compound that has a hydroxyl group and an amine attached to the same carbon atom: −C(OH)(NR2)−. R can be hydrogen or an alkyl group. Hemiaminals are intermediates in imine formation from an amine and a carbonyl by alkylimino-de-oxo-bisubstitution.  Hemiaminals can be viewed as a blend of aminals and geminal diol. They are a special case of amino alcohols.