hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
St. Theodosius Nunatak
St. Theodosius Nunatak (Bulgarian: нунатак Св. Теодосий, ‘Nunatak Sv. Teodosiy’ \'nu-na-tak sve-'ti te-o-'do-siy\) is the mostly ice-free ridge extending 1.9 km in northeast-southwest direction and 1 km wide, rising to 430 m on the west side of Havre Mountains in northern Alexander Island, Antarctica. It surmounts Lennon Glacier to the north and Pipkov Glacier to the south-southeast.

The feature is named after the Bulgarian cleric and hermit St. Theodosius of Tarnovo (1300-1363), in connection with the settlement of Teodosievo in Northern Bulgaria.

Havre Mountains
The Havre Mountains (69°8′S 71°40′W﻿ / ﻿69.133°S 71.667°W﻿ / -69.133; -71.667) are a large group of mountains forming the northwestern extremity of Alexander Island, Antarctica, extending 20 nautical miles (37 km) in an east–west direction between Cape Vostok and the Russian Gap, and rising to 1,984 metres (6,509 ft) at Dimitrova Peak. They were first seen in 1821 by a Russian expedition under Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen and re-sighted by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99. They were roughly charted by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–10, under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, who named them for Le Havre, the French port from which the Pourquol Pas? sailed in 1908. The mountains were mapped in detail from air photos taken by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, 1947–48, by D. Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1960.
Tribhuvan Dutt
Tribhuvan Dutt is an Indian politician from the Samajwaadi Party, before October 2020 he was member of Bahujan Samaj Party and  a member of the 13th Lok Sabha from the Akbarpur constituency.  In the 1999 Indian general election, the seat was won by Mayawati, but she resigned in 2002 to take over as Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh.  It went to Tribhuvan Dutt in the ensuing re-election.

Dutt also served on the Defence subcommittee of the 13th Lok Sabha.

He won 2007 UP assembly election from Jahangirganj Assembly constituency of Ambedkarnagar.

Dutt joined Samajwaadi Party in October 2020. He won 2022 UP assembly election from Aalapur Seat of Ambedkarnagar.

13th Lok Sabha
The 13th Lok Sabha (20 October 1999 – 6 February 2004) is the thirteenth session of the Lok Sabha (House of the People, or lower house in the Parliament of India). It was convened after 1999 Indian general election held during September–October 1999.

This majority group in the Lok Sabha during this period was the National Democratic Alliance, a nationalist group led by the Bharatiya Janata Party, which won 270 seats, 16 more than 12th Lok Sabha. The NDA, under the leadership of Atal Bihari Vajpayee completed its term until the next general elections of May 2004 for the next 14th Lok Sabha. This was the first non-INC government to complete the full term.

Four sitting members from Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of Indian Parliament, were elected to 13th Lok Sabha after the 1999 Indian general election.
Red River Renegades
Red River Renegades is a 1946 American Western film directed by Thomas Carr and written by Norman S. Hall. The film stars Sunset Carson, Peggy Stewart, Tom London, Ted Adams, LeRoy Mason and Kenne Duncan. It was released on July 23, 1946 by Republic Pictures.

Thomas Carr (director)
Thomas Howard Carr (July 4, 1907 – April 23, 1997) was an American actor and film director of Hollywood films and television programs. Often billed as "Tommy Carr", he later adopted his more formal "Thomas Carr" birth name as his billing name.
Self Made (miniseries)
Self Made: Inspired by the Life of Madam C. J. Walker is an American historical drama television limited series, based on the biography On Her Own Ground by A'Lelia Bundles, that premiered on March 20, 2020, on Netflix. It received generally positive reviews with praise for Octavia Spencer's acting; however it received criticism for various historical inaccuracies and artistic licence. For her performance, Spencer received a nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series or Movie.

Kevin Carroll (actor)
Kevin Carroll (born 6 September 1969) is an American actor, best known for his roles as Calvin in the 2002 crime drama Paid in Full and John Murphy in the HBO television series, The Leftovers. He also played a role as Alton Williams, father of  Franklin Saint in the Snowfall (TV series) and appeared in Season 10 of the AMC television series, The Walking Dead.
Exochi, Xanthi
Exochi (Greek: Εξοχή) is a community in the municipality Topeiros in the Xanthi regional unit of Greece. It consists of the settlements Exochi, Vaniano, Gkizela, Dafni, Kossos, Kypseli, Melissa and Nea Amisos.

Xanthi (regional unit)
Xanthi (pronounced [ˈksanθi], Greek: Περιφερειακή ενότητα Ξάνθης) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the Region of East Macedonia and Thrace. The capital is Xanthi. Together with the regional units Rhodope and Evros, it forms the geographical region of Western Thrace.
Progressive massive fibrosis
Progressive massive fibrosis (PMF), characterized by the development of large conglomerate masses of dense fibrosis (usually in the upper lung zones), can complicate silicosis and coal worker's pneumoconiosis. Conglomerate masses may also occur in other pneumoconioses, such as talcosis, berylliosis (CBD), kaolin pneumoconiosis, and pneumoconiosis from carbon compounds, such as carbon black, graphite, and oil shale. Conglomerate masses can also develop in sarcoidosis, but usually near the hilae and with surrounding paracicatricial emphysema.

The disease arises firstly through the deposition of silica or coal dust (or other dust) within the lung, and then through the body's immunological reactions to the dust.

Graphite
Graphite (/ˈɡræfaɪt/) is a crystalline allotrope (form) of the element carbon. It consists of many stacked layers of graphene, typically in excess of hundreds of layers. Graphite occurs naturally and is the most stable form of carbon under standard conditions.  Synthetic and natural graphite are consumed on a large scale (1.3 million metric tons per year in 2022) for uses in many critical industries including refractories (50%), lithium-ion batteries (18%), foundries (10%), and lubricants (5%), among others (17%). Graphite converts to diamond under extremely high pressure and temperature. Graphite's low cost, thermal and chemical inertness and characteristic conductivity of heat and electricity finds numerous applications in high energy and high temperature processes.
Crime of opportunity
A crime of opportunity is a crime that is committed without planning when the perpetrator sees that they have the chance to commit the act at that moment and seizes it. Such acts have little or no premeditation.

Malice aforethought
Malice aforethought is the "premeditation" or "predetermination" (with malice) required as an element of some crimes in some jurisdictions and a unique element for first-degree or aggravated murder in a few. Insofar as the term is still in use, it has a technical meaning that has changed substantially over time.
1993 Mercedes Cup – Doubles
Glenn Layendecker and Byron Talbot were the defending champions, but none competed this year. Layendecker retired from professional tennis at the end of the 1992 season, while Talbot opted to compete at Washington, D.C. during the same week.

Tom Nijssen and Cyril Suk won the title by defeating Gary Muller and Piet Norval 7–6, 6–3 in the final.

Byron Talbot
Byron Talbot (born 15 September 1964) is a former professional tennis player from South Africa. He enjoyed most of his tennis success while playing doubles. During his career, he won seven doubles titles and finished as a runner-up six times. He achieved a career-high doubles world ranking of number 20 in 1996.

Byron played collegiate tennis at the University of Tennessee. He is currently working as a financial advisor for Merrill Lynch in Dallas, Texas.
Ann-Sophie Barwich
Ann-Sophie Barwich is a cognitive scientist, an empirical philosopher, and a historian of science. She is an assistant professor with joint positions in the cognitive science program and the department of history and philosophy of science at Indiana University Bloomington. Barwich is best known for her interdisciplinary work on the history, philosophy, and neuroscience of olfaction. Her book, Smellosophy: What the Nose tells the Mind, highlights the importance of thinking about the sense of smell as a model for neuroscience and the senses. She is also noted for her analyses on methodological issues in molecular biology and neuroscience.

Stuart Firestein
Stuart J. Firestein is the chair of the Department of Biological Sciences at Columbia University, where his laboratory is researching the vertebrate olfactory receptor neuron. He has published articles in Wired magazine, Huffington Post, and Scientific American. Firestein has been elected as a fellow by the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) for his meritorious efforts to advance science. He is an adviser to the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation program for the Public Understanding of Science.  Firestein's writing often advocates for better science writing.  In 2012 he released the book Ignorance: How it Drives Science, and in 2015, Failure: Why Science Is So Successful.
Oh, Lady Be Good!
"Oh, Lady Be Good!" is a 1924 song by George and Ira Gershwin.  It was introduced by Walter Catlett in the Broadway musical Lady, Be Good! written by Guy Bolton, Fred Thompson, and the Gershwin brothers and starring Fred and Adele Astaire. The song was also performed by the chorus in the film Lady Be Good (1941), although the film is unrelated to the musical.

Recordings in 1925 were by Paul Whiteman, Carl Fenton, and Cliff Edwards. A 1947 recording of the song became a hit for Ella Fitzgerald, notable for her scat solo. For her album Ella Fitzgerald Sings the George and Ira Gershwin Songbook (1959), it was sung as a ballad arranged by Nelson Riddle.

Scat singing
Originating in vocal jazz, scat singing or scatting is vocal improvisation with wordless vocables, nonsense syllables or without words at all. In scat singing, the singer improvises melodies and rhythms using the voice solely as an instrument rather than a speaking medium. This is different from vocalese, which uses recognizable lyrics that are sung to pre-existing instrumental solos.
Bol d'Or des Monédières
The Bol d'or des Monédières was a cycling criterium that took place after the Tour de France, traditionally on the first Thursday in August. It was run on a circuit of about 20 kilometers to be covered seven times, around the village of Chaumeil, in the Massif des Monédières, Corrèze.

The competition's roll of honor includes the successes of Fausto Coppi, Jacques Anquetil, Rik Van Looy, Raymond Poulidor, Bernard Hinault, Laurent Fignon and Richard Virenque.

The last edition of the criterium took place in 2002. From 2005 onwards, the last stage of the Paris-Corrèze cycle race ended with five laps of the Bol d'Or des Monédières circuit.

Since the disappearance of Paris-Corrèze, the Tour du Limousin sometimes uses the Chaumeil circuit to perpetuate the tradition.

Fausto Coppi
Angelo Fausto Coppi (Italian pronunciation: [ˈfausto ˈkɔppi]; 15 September 1919 – 2 January 1960) was an Italian cyclist, the dominant international cyclist of the years after the Second World War. His successes earned him the title Il Campionissimo ("Champion of Champions"). He was an all-round racing cyclist: he excelled in both climbing and time trialing, and was also a good sprinter. He won the Giro d'Italia five times (1940, 1947, 1949, 1952, 1953), the Tour de France twice (1949 and 1952), and the World Championship in 1953. Other notable results include winning the Giro di Lombardia five times, the Milan–San Remo three times, as well as wins at Paris–Roubaix and La Flèche Wallonne and setting the hour record (45.798 km) in 1942.
Faithful Fortescue
Sir Faithful Fortescue (1585–1666), of Dromiskin in County Louth, Ireland, was life Governor of Carrickfergus in Ireland, long the chief seat and garrison of the English in Ulster and was a royalist commander during the English Civil War.

High Sheriff of Devon
The High Sheriff of Devon is the Kings's representative for the County of Devon, a territory known as his/her bailiwick. Selected from three nominated people, they hold the office for one year. They have judicial, ceremonial and administrative functions and execute High Court Writs. The title was historically "Sheriff of Devon", but changed in 1974 to "High Sheriff of Devon".
Stăncuța
Stăncuța is a commune located in Brăila County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Cuza Vodă, Polizești, Stanca, and Stăncuța.

The Balta Mică a Brăilei Natural Park is partly situated on the administrative territory of the commune.

Muntenia
Muntenia (Romanian pronunciation: [munˈteni.a], also known in English as Greater Wallachia) is a historical region of Romania, part of Wallachia (also, sometimes considered Wallachia proper, as Muntenia, Țara Românească, and the rarely used Valahia are synonyms in Romanian). It is situated between the Danube (south and east), the Carpathian Mountains (the Transylvanian Alps branch) and Moldavia (both north), and the Olt River to the west. The latter river is the border between Muntenia and Oltenia (or Lesser Wallachia). Part of the traditional border between Wallachia/Muntenia and Moldavia was formed by the rivers Milcov and Siret.
Julien Marnier-Lapostolle
Julien Marnier-Lapostolle (1902 - 1976) was a French botanical explorer.

Marnier-Lapostolle's paternal and maternal families were both successful businesspeople in the French wine industry. The Marniers founded a winery in the Santerre region in the 18th century. The Lapostolle family operated a small but famous distillery, founded in 1827 by his grandfather Jean-Baptiste Lapostolle, in Neauphle-le-Chateau near Paris.

Marnier-Lapostolle created the "Jardin Botanique des Cedres" in Cap Ferrat, France.

Marnier-Lapostolle was president of the "Association Francaise des Amateurs de Cactees".

Lyman Bradford Smith
Lyman Bradford Smith (September 11, 1904 – May 4, 1997) was an American botanist.

Smith was born in Winchester, Massachusetts. He studied botany during the 1920s at Harvard University and received his PhD from Harvard in 1930. Between 1928 and 1929, he worked for the first time in Brazil. Most of his life's work came to involve the taxonomy of the flowering plants of South America, in particular the bromeliads (Bromeliaceae). Smith worked on the Bromeliaceae for the North American Flora published by the American botanist Nathaniel Lord Britton, volume 19, no. 2 (1938).  Smith was a world authority on Begoniaceae and also worked with Velloziaceae and numerous other plant families. He was a curator in the Smithsonian Institution's Department of Botany from 1947 until his retirement in 1974, but continued to work in the United States National Herbarium as an emeritus curator almost until his death in Manhattan, Kansas, in 1997.
Howl-O-Scream
Howl-O-Scream is an annual Halloween seasonal event owned and operated by United Parks & Resorts, that occurs during the month of October at Busch Gardens Tampa Bay, Busch Gardens Williamsburg, SeaWorld San Antonio, and as of recently began at SeaWorld Orlando and SeaWorld San Diego. The parks remain operational during the day and transition to Howl-O-Scream at night. The event features haunted houses, "scare zones", and live entertainment.

The event at Busch Gardens Tampa Bay in Tampa, Florida, primarily competes with Universal Studios' Halloween Horror Nights, both of which are known for their grotesque and macabre-themed haunted houses and scare zones. Howl-O-Scream contains intense adult content such as violence, gore and blood and sexual innuendo. While the event is intended for adults and not recommended for children under the age of 13, individuals under the age of 18 are also not admitted to the event.

SeaWorld San Diego
SeaWorld San Diego is a theme park in Mission Bay Park in San Diego, California. It is a marine mammal park, oceanarium, public aquarium, and marine animal rehabilitation center. It opened in 1964 as the first theme park in the SeaWorld chain. Both the park and the chain are owned and operated by United Parks & Resorts.

SeaWorld San Diego is a member of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA). Adjacent to the property is the Hubbs-SeaWorld Research Institute, which conducts marine biology research and provides educational and outreach programs on marine issues to the general public.
Krishna Kumar B.C.
Krishna Kumar BC (Nepali: कृष्ण कुमार बि.सी.) is a Nepali politician belonging to Nepali Congress. Singh is the current provincial assembly member from Dailekh 1(B). He is currently serving as the Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest, and Environment of Karnali Province.

Karnali Province
Karnali Province (Nepali: कर्णाली प्रदेश, romanized: Karṇālī pradēśa) is one of the seven federal provinces of Nepal formed by the new constitution, which was adopted on 20 September 2015. The total area of the province is 27,984 square kilometres (10,805 mi2), making it the largest province in Nepal with 18.97% of the country's area. According to the 2011 Nepal census, the population of the province was 1,570,418, making it the least populous province in Nepal. The province borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north, Gandaki Province to the east, Sudurpashchim Province to the west, and Lumbini Province to the south. Birendranagar with a population of 154,886 is both the province's capital and largest city.
Postsecondary Education Readiness Test
The Postsecondary Education Readiness Test (PERT) is a computer adaptive test which measures a student's level of preparedness for college-level courses. The test is currently being used by all Florida high schools and the 28 members of the Florida College System. The PERT was created by McCann Associates in cooperation with Florida educators. The test is divided into three sections: Mathematics, Reading, and Writing.

Computerized adaptive testing
Computerized adaptive testing (CAT) is a form of computer-based test that adapts to the examinee's ability level. For this reason, it has also been called tailored testing. In other words, it is a form of computer-administered test in which the next item or set of items selected to be administered depends on the correctness of the test taker's responses to the most recent items administered.
Listed buildings in Slyne-with-Hest
Slyne-with-Hest is a civil parish in Lancaster, Lancashire, England. It contains 34 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings.  Of these, one is at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the villages of Slyne and Hest Bank, and most of the listed buildings are houses, or originated as houses, and associated structures.  The Lancaster Canal passes through the parish, and eight bridges crossing it are listed.  The other listed buildings include a public house, three milestones, a hotel, a church, a pinfold, and a set of stocks.

Stocks
Stocks are feet restraining devices that were used as a form of corporal punishment and public humiliation. The use of stocks is seen as early as Ancient Greece, where they are described as being in use in Solon's law code. The law describing its use is cited by the orator Lysias: "'He shall have his or her foot confined in the stocks for five days, if the court shall make such addition to the sentence.' The 'stocks' there mentioned, Theomnestus, are what we now call 'confinement in the wood'" (Lys. 10.16).
Roches-Douvres Light
Roches-Douvres Light is an active lighthouse in Côtes-d'Armor, France built atop a 5-story elliptical stone dwelling. At a height of 213 feet (65 m) it is the eleventh-tallest "traditional lighthouse" in the world.

It is located on the Roches-Douvres, a very dangerous reef, completely covered at high tide but exposed at low tide, between the islands of Brehat and Guernsey in the English Channel. It is claimed to be the waveswept lighthouse farthest from mainland in Europe, about 30 kilometres (19 mi) off the French coast. The location is accessible only by boat in very rough seas. Both the site and the tower are closed to the public.

Côtes-d'Armor
The Côtes-d'Armor (/koʊt dɑːrmər/ koht dar-mər, /-dɑːrmɔːr/ -⁠dar-mor; French pronunciation: [kot daʁmɔʁ] ⓘ; Breton: Aodoù-an-Arvor, [ˈoːdu ãn ˈarvor]), formerly known as Côtes-du-Nord until 1990 (Breton: Aodoù-an-Hanternoz, [ˈoːdu ãn ˌhãntɛrˈnoːs]), is a department in the north of Brittany, in northwestern France. In 2019, it had a population of 600,582.
History of women's rugby union matches between Canada and England
Canada women and England women first competed against each other in 1993 in the Canada Cup. It is a rivalry that has been largely dominated by England, who have won 34 of the 38 games contested with a single draw. All three of Canada’s wins have been in the United States. They have notably played each other in the 2014 Women's Rugby World Cup final, as well as semi-finals of the 2002, 2006 and 2021 editions.

England and Canada clashed again in a second World Cup final in the 2025 edition with hosts, England, winning the tournament for their third title.

2021 Rugby World Cup
The 2021 Rugby World Cup was the ninth staging of the Women's Rugby World Cup, as organised by World Rugby. It was held from 8 October to 12 November 2022 in Auckland and Whangārei, New Zealand. It was originally scheduled to be held in 2021, but was postponed by one year due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

It was the first women's Rugby World Cup to be hosted by New Zealand, and by a country in the Southern Hemisphere. New Zealand were also the defending champions.

The tournament introduced several format changes, such as the replacement of classification play-offs in the knockout stage with quarter-finals, and a longer scheduling window with at least five days between matches.
Roses (The Cranberries album)
Roses is the sixth studio album by Irish alternative rock band The Cranberries, released in the Republic of Ireland on 21 February 2012 and globally on 27 February 2012 through Cooking Vinyl and Downtown Records. Produced by Stephen Street, it was the band's first studio release in ten years. Originally planned to be released in late 2003, the recordings for the follow-up to Wake Up and Smell the Coffee were scrapped after the band decided to go their separate ways. After a six-year hiatus, The Cranberries announced their intention to record a new album during their 2009–2010 reunion tour. The title Roses was announced on The Cranberries website, on 24 May 2011.

In 2012 it was awarded a gold certification from the Independent Music Companies Association which indicated sales of at least 75,000 copies throughout Europe.

Cooking Vinyl
Cooking Vinyl is a British independent record label, based in Acton, London, England. It was founded in 1986 by former manager and booking agent Martin Goldschmidt and his business partner Pete Lawrence. Goldschmidt remains the current owner and chairman, while Rob Collins is managing director.
Cogdell, Georgia
Cogdell is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in the northeast corner of Clinch County, Georgia, United States. It is on Georgia State Route 122, 22 miles (35 km) west of Waycross and 24 miles (39 km) east of Lakeland. Homerville, the Clinch county seat, is 10 miles (16 km) to the south.

The 2020 census listed a population of 23.

Lakeland, Georgia
Lakeland is a city and the county seat of Lanier County, Georgia, United States. The city is the county seat of Lanier County. It is part of the Valdosta, Georgia metropolitan statistical area. The population was 2,875 at the 2020 census.

Originally called Alapaha and then Milltown or Mill Town, Lakeland received its current name in 1925 in honor of its proximity to Grand Bay Lake, Lake Irma, and Banks Lake. For many years, Lakeland owned and operated its own railroad.