hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Denmark during World War I
During the First World War (1914–1918), Denmark maintained its neutrality. The position of neutrality was agreed to by all the major political parties.

Denmark maintained trade with both sides of the war, and was among several neutral countries that exported canned meat to the German army. Danish speculators made fortunes on canned meat products, which were often of mediocre quality, while 275 Danish merchant ships were sunk, and approximately 700 Danish sailors perished during the war.

Potted meat
Potted meat is a form of traditional food preservation, potting, in which hot cooked meat is placed in a pot, tightly packed to exclude air, and then covered with hot fat, such as butter. As the fat cools, it hardens and forms an airtight seal, preventing some spoilage by airborne bacteria. 
Before the days of refrigeration, potted meat was developed as a way to preserve meat when a freshly slaughtered animal could not be fully eaten immediately.

Spores of Clostridium botulinum can survive cooking at 100 °C (212 °F), and, in the anaerobic neutral pH storage environment, result in botulism.

Often when making potted meat, the meat of only one animal was used, although other recipes, such as the Flemish potjevleesch, used meats from three or four different animals.
Calivat Gadu
Calivat Gadu (Paiwan pronunciation: [t͡saˈlivat ˈɡadu]; Chinese: 鍾興華; pinyin: Zhōng Xìnghuá) is a Taiwanese lawyer and ethnologist. He currently serves as the Administrative Deputy Minister of the Council of Indigenous Peoples (CIP) of the Executive Yuan. He is of the Paiwan people.

He obtained his bachelor's degree in law from National Taiwan University, and continued his master's and doctoral degrees in ethnology from National Chengchi University.

He had been the Director-General of the Department of Planning and Department of Education and Culture of the CIP.

National Chengchi University
National Chengchi University (NCCU; Chinese: 國立政治大學; pinyin: Guólì Zhèngzhì Dàxué; lit. 'National Political Science University') is a public research university in Taipei, Taiwan. It was founded in Nanjing, China, in 1927 as a training institution for officials in the National Government of the Republic of China, then moved to Taiwan in 1954 as the first reestablished national university there.

The university has an urban campus of approximately 103 hectares (250 acres) in the Wenshan District and provides undergraduate and graduate instruction with a specialization in the arts and humanities and social sciences. It consists of twelve colleges, such as the College of Commerce and College of Foreign Languages, in addition to 34 departments and ten research institutes that host 43 master's programs, 34 doctoral programs, and multiple international degree programs.
Run for Heroes
Run for Heroes was born in March 2020 as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic. On March 28, 2020 they launched the #Run5Donate5Nominate5 campaign which raised over £7 million for NHS Charities Together COVID-19 Appeal.

The campaign went viral on Instagram with over a million runners participating globally, including celebrities such as Sir Mo Farah, Ellie Goulding, Princess Eugenie, Jimmy Carr, Dame Jessica Ennis-Hill, Nick Grimshaw, Nicola Sturgeon and DJ Chris Moyles. The campaign was also referred to as the 5k challenge.

Jimmy Carr
James Anthony Patrick Carr (born 15 September 1972) is a British-Irish comedian. He began his career in 1997 with a series of successful stand-up performances. He has regularly appeared on television as the host of Channel 4 panel shows such as The Big Fat Quiz of the Year (since 2004), 8 Out of 10 Cats (2005–2021), and 8 Out of 10 Cats Does Countdown (since 2012). Carr is known for his rapid-fire deadpan delivery of one-liners.
1907 Oklahoma A&M Aggies football team
The 1907 Oklahoma A&M Aggies football team represented Oklahoma A&M College in the 1907 college football season. This was the seventh year of football at A&M and the second under Boyd Hill. The Aggies played their home games in Stillwater, Oklahoma Territory (Stillwater, OK as of November 16). They finished the season 1–5–2.

1907 college football season
The 1907 college football season saw the increased use of the forward pass, which had been legalized the year before.  Football remained a dangerous game, despite the "debrutalization" reforms, and an unprecedented eleven players were killed (9 high school and 2 college), while 98 others were seriously injured. However, there were no serious injuries reported among the major colleges.  The Yale Bulldogs, unbeaten with a record of 9–0–1, had the best record.  The Helms Athletic Foundation, founded in 1936, declared retroactively that Yale had been the best college football team of 1907. Yale and Penn both claim 1907 as a national championship season.  Although Yale was named as champion by 6 different entities, Penn was not named champion by any.  Penn's claim to the championship is only by the university itself.
Cayuga Secondary School
Cayuga Secondary School is a secondary school located at 70 Highway 54, Cayuga, Ontario, Canada. It is part of the Grand Erie District School Board. Cayuga Secondary School opened in 1963, under the name Cayuga Technical and Commercial High School since it did not offer a grade 13 program at the time. It earned secondary school status in 1970. The students are from J. L. Mitchener, Rainham Central, Seneca Central Seneca Unity and Oneida Central public schools, Caledonia Centennial, as well as some students from the Six Nations Reserve and from the Catholic elementary school, St. Stephen's. The school currently has about 600 students enrolled.

Six Nations of the Grand River
Six Nations (or Six Nations of the Grand River) is demographically the largest First Nations reserve in Canada. As of the end of 2017, it has a total of 27,276 members, 12,848 of whom live on the reserve. The six nations of the Iroquois Confederacy are the Mohawk, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, Seneca and Tuscarora. Some Lenape (also known as Delaware) live in the territory as well.

The Six Nations reserve is bordered by the County of Brant, Norfolk County, and Haldimand County, with a subsection reservation, the New Credit Reserve, located within its boundaries. The acreage at present covers some 46,000 acres (190 km2) near the city of Brantford, Ontario. This represents approximately 8% of the original 550,000 acres (2,200 km2) of land granted to the Six Nations by the 1784 Haldimand Proclamation.
Mississippi Valley Loess Plains (ecoregion)
The North American Mississippi Valley Loess Plains are a Level III ecoregion designated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in six U.S. states. The region lies primarily on the eastern border of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain, from the Ohio River in western Kentucky, through Tennessee and Mississippi, to Louisiana. A separate unit that includes Crowley's Ridge occurs west of the river in Arkansas and Missouri. It has been divided into four Level IV ecoregions.

Homochitto National Forest
Homochitto National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in southwestern Mississippi comprising 191,839 acres (776.34 km2).  In the mid-1930s, the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) began reforestation of the area and developing a system of roadways and recreational areas.
Khyongla Rato
Khyongla Rato (1923 – 24 May 2022), pronounced "Chungla," was also known as Khyongla Rato Rinpoche, Rato Khyongla Rinpoche, Khyongla Rinpoche, Ngawang Lobsang Shedrub Tenpai Dronme, and Nawang Losang, his monk's name. Born in Dagyab county in Kham province in southeastern Tibet, he was recognized as an incarnate lama at an early age. He spent over 30 years receiving teachings and studying as a highly trained monk in the Tibetan Buddhist monasteries of Tibet. A respected scholar, he was a debate partner of the 14th Dalai Lama at his Geshe examination in Lhasa, Tibet. He founded the Tibet Center in New York City. The  center co-sponsored many of the Dalai Lama's teachings in New York City.

"Few people have known the Dalai Lama longer than Khyongla Rinpoche."  Shortly after Rinpoche's death in May, 2022, the Dalai Lama noted that a "very good friend of mine recently passed away."

Joseph Campbell
Joseph John Campbell (March 26, 1904 – October 30, 1987) was an American writer and the husband of Jean Erdman. He was a professor of literature at Sarah Lawrence College who worked in comparative mythology and comparative religion. His work covers many aspects of the human condition. Campbell's best-known work is his book The Hero with a Thousand Faces (1949), in which he discusses his theory of the journey of the archetypal hero shared by world mythologies, termed the monomyth.

Since the publication of The Hero with a Thousand Faces, Campbell's theories have been applied by a wide variety of modern writers and artists. His philosophy has been summarized by his own often repeated phrase: "Follow your bliss." He gained recognition in Hollywood when George Lucas credited Campbell's work as influencing his Star Wars saga.
Kildoagh
Kildoagh (from Irish either Coill Dumha meaning 'Wood of the Tumulus' or Coill Dobhcha meaning "Wood of the Vat or Tun") is a townland in the civil parish of Templeport, County Cavan, Ireland. It lies in the Roman Catholic parish of Templeport and barony of Tullyhaw.

County Cavan
County Cavan (/ˈkævən/ KAV-ən; Irish: Contae an Chabháin) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Ulster and is part of the Northern and Western Region. It is named after the town of Cavan and is based on the historic Gaelic territory of East Breffny (Bréifne). Cavan County Council is the local authority for the county, which had a population of 81,704 at the 2022 census.
Psi2 Lupi
Psi2 Lupi (ψ2 Lup) is a triple star system in the constellation Lupus. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent magnitude of 4.75. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 8.97 mas as seen from Earth, it is located around 360 light years from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude is diminished by an extinction factor of 0.016±0.009 due to interstellar dust. This system is a member of the Upper Centaurus–Lupus subgroup of the Scorpius–Centaurus association.

The inner pair of stars in this system  form a double-lined spectroscopic binary with an orbital period of 12.26 days and an eccentricity of 0.19. The two components are described as similar in appearance. They have the spectrum of a B-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of B5 V. The luminosity has a micro-variability with a frequency of 0.94483 cycles per day and an amplitude of 0.0067 in magnitude. The third component is a magnitude 10 star at an angular separation of 0.51 arc seconds.

Astronomical spectroscopy
Astronomical spectroscopy is the study of astronomy using the techniques of spectroscopy to measure the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, ultraviolet, X-ray, infrared and radio waves that radiate from stars and other celestial objects. A stellar spectrum can reveal many properties of stars, such as their chemical composition, temperature, density, mass, distance and luminosity. Spectroscopy can show the velocity of motion towards or away from the observer by measuring the Doppler shift. Spectroscopy is also used to study the physical properties of many other types of celestial objects such as planets, nebulae, galaxies, and active galactic nuclei.
2017–18 Top League
The 2017–18 Top League was the 15th season of Japan's top-tier domestic rugby union competition, the Top League.

The tournament was won by Suntory Sungoliath for the fifth time, beating Panasonic Wild Knights 12–8 in the final played on 13 January 2018. Kintetsu Liners were automatically relegated to the second-tier Top Challenge League competition for 2018 and NTT DoCoMo Red Hurricanes were also relegated after losing in their relegation play-off match.

All-Japan Rugby Football Championship
The All-Japan Rugby Football Championship (日本ラグビーフットボール選手権大会 Nihon Ragubi- Futtobo-ru Senshuken Taikai) is played at the end of the season and is doubling as the title playoff in the Top League. The first championship was played in 1963 and won by Doshisha University RFC which beat Kintetsu (now Kintetsu Liners) 18–3. Before that the NHK invitation cup was played three times, 1960–2.
Brad Sherman (Iowa politician)
Brad Sherman (born 1953/1954) is an American pastor and politician who represented District 91 in the Iowa House of Representatives from 2023 to 2025. In February 2025, Sherman announced his candidacy for the 2026 Iowa gubernatorial election. He is a Republican.

Iowa House of Representatives
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa House of Representatives is the lower house of the Iowa General Assembly, the upper house being the Iowa Senate. There are 100 seats in the Iowa House of Representatives, representing 100 single-member districts across the state, formed by dividing the 50 Senate districts in half. Each district has a population of approximately 30,464 as of the 2010 United States census. The House of Representatives meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the upper house, the Iowa Senate, state House representatives serve two-year terms with the whole chamber up for re-election in even-numbered years. There are no term limits for the House.
One More Shot (2025 film)
One More Shot is a 2025 Australian time-loop comedy directed by Nicholas Clifford and written by Alice Foulcher and Gregory Erdstein. The film stars Emily Browning.

On New Year's Eve of 1999, Minnie Vernon discovers a bottle of time travelling tequila, each shot takes her back to the start of the night -- giving her a bottle's worth of shots to win back her old flame Joe, and change the course of her millennium life.

It had its world premiere at the 2025 SXSW Film Festival and was released on Stan on October 12, 2025.

Sean Keenan (actor)
Sean Martyn Rex Keenan (born 18 January 1993) is an Australian actor, best known for his titular role in the children's television series Lockie Leonard and for his role as Gary Hennessey in the television series Puberty Blues.
Helianthus silphioides
Helianthus silphioides is a North American species of sunflower known by the common names rosinweed sunflower or Ozark sunflower. It is native to the central United States, primarily in the Ozarks and the Tennessee Valley with additional populations north into Kentucky and Illinois and south as far as Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama.

Helianthus silphioides grows in open locations. It is a perennial herb up to 300 cm (10 feet) tall. Leaves are broadly egg-shaped. One plant usually produces 3-15 flower heads, each containing 8–13 yellow ray florets surrounding 75 or more red disc florets.

A 2004 Illinois conservation assessment listed Helianthus silphioides as critically imperiled within the state.  The species is also considered endangered within Kentucky, likely due to habitat loss of open oak woodlands and barrens.  Throughout the remained of its range, it is considered apparently secure or conservation status is unknown.

Tennessee Valley
The Tennessee Valley is the drainage basin of the Tennessee River and is largely within the U.S. state of Tennessee. It stretches from southwest Kentucky to north Alabama and from northeast Mississippi to the mountains of Virginia and North Carolina. The border of the valley is known as the Tennessee Valley Divide. The Tennessee Valley contributes greatly to the formation of Tennessee's three legally recognized sectors (the Grand Divisions).
Steel Storm
Steel Storm is an independent video game series developed by Kot-in-Action Creative Artel using the free software DarkPlaces engine that were released for Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux platforms. The game was added to the Humble Indie Bundle 3 on August 1, 2011.
The games are divided into two episodes, with Episode One being available at no charge and Episode Two (titled as Steel Storm: Burning Retribution) being a commercial product. They are top down arcade shooters where players control a hovercraft while battling presumed extraterrestrial invaders using a variety of different weapons.

Quake engine
The Quake engine (part of id Tech 2) is the game engine developed by id Software to power their 1996 video game Quake. It featured true 3D real-time rendering. Since 1999, it has been licensed under the terms of GNU General Public License v2.0 or later.

After release, the Quake engine was immediately forked. Much of the engine remained in Quake II and Quake III Arena. The Quake engine, like the Doom engine, used binary space partitioning (BSP) to optimise the world rendering. The Quake engine also used Gouraud shading for moving objects, and a static lightmap for non-moving objects.

Historically, the Quake engine has been treated as a separate engine from its successor, the Quake II engine. Although the codebases for Quake and Quake II were separate GPL releases, both engines are now considered variants of id Tech 2.
Milward Adams
Milward Adams (January 6, 1857 – June 18, 1923) was born in Lexington, Kentucky.

Adams rose to prominence as the first manager of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra and the Auditorium Theatre. Adams worked his way up in the performing arts world, beginning as a janitor at various theaters and ending as a theater manager with many connections in the Chicago arts scene.

He managed the great May musical festivals of 1882 and 1884; also summer night concerts under the direction of Theodore Thomas for ten years.

He died at the Auditorium Hotel on June 18, 1923.

Auditorium Theatre
The Auditorium Theatre is a music and performance venue in the Auditorium Building at 50 E. Ida B. Wells Drive in Chicago, Illinois. Inspired by the Richardsonian Romanesque style of architect Henry Hobson Richardson, the building was designed by Dankmar Adler and Louis Sullivan and completed in 1889. The Chicago Symphony Orchestra performed in the theatre until 1904 as well as the Chicago Grand Opera Company and its successors the Chicago Opera Association and Chicago Civic Opera until its relocation to the Civic Opera House in 1929. The theater was home to the Joffrey Ballet from 1998 until 2020. It currently hosts a variety of concerts, musicals, performances, and events. Since the 1940s, it has been owned by Roosevelt University and since the 1960s it has been refurbished and managed by an independent non-profit arts organization.
1951/1952 News of the World Snooker Tournament
The 1951/1952 News of the World Snooker Tournament was a professional snooker tournament sponsored by the News of the World. The tournament was won by Sidney Smith who won 6 of his 8 matches. He finished ahead of Albert Brown who also won 6 matches but won one fewer frame overall. The News of the World Snooker Tournament ran from 1949/50 to 1959.

John Barrie (snooker player)
John Barrie (30 June 1924 – 20 April 1996) was one of the leading professional billiards and snooker players from the mid-1940s. His real name was William Barrie Smith.
He won the 1950 UK Professional Billiards Championship defeating Kingsley Kennerley 9046–5069 in the final.

He was born in Wisbech, Cambridgeshire where his family ran The White Lion Hotel. 
In his later career Barrie coached many of England's leading players including Chateriss's Albert ' Snowy' Salisbury and the future 1984 World Professional Billiards Champion Mark Wildman of Peterborough. He died in Kings Lynn, Norfolk aged 71.
Kiyan Prince
Kiyan Josiah Prince (25 November 1990 – 18 May 2006) was an English footballer who played for the Queens Park Rangers youth academy. Described as "a prodigious footballing talent" and "an outstanding and upstanding boy", Prince was fatally stabbed outside his school (London Academy in Edgware, London) on 18 May 2006, while trying to stop the bullying of another boy.

Stabbing
A stabbing is penetration or rough contact with a sharp or pointed object at close range. Stab connotes purposeful action, as by an assassin or murderer, but it is also possible to accidentally stab oneself or others. Stabbing differs from slashing or cutting in that the motion of the object used in a stabbing generally moves perpendicular to and directly into the victim's body, rather than being drawn across it.

Stab wounds is the specific form of penetrating trauma to the skin that results from stabbing.
Stabbings have been common among gangs and in prisons because knives are cheap, easy to acquire (or manufacture), easily concealable and relatively effective.
Stabbing has also been used in terrorism.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 62
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 62 (P. Oxy. 62) is a letter from a centurion, written in Greek. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. It was discovered by Grenfell and Hunt in 1897 in Oxyrhynchus. The document was written on 6 January 222. Currently it is housed in the Bodleian Library (Ms. Gr. Class. d 61) in Oxford. The text was published by Grenfell and Hunt in 1898.

The letter was addressed to Syrus, acting strategus of Oxyrhynchus, by a centurion of unknown name. It concerns a shipment of wheat. The recto side of the papyrus contains a description of a judicial process, but it is too mutilated to read.  The measurements of the fragment are 260 by 72 mm.

The verso side was written after 246 CE.

Strategos
Strategos (pl.  strategoi), also known by its Latinised form strategus, is a Greek term meaning 'military general'. In the Hellenistic world and in the Byzantine Empire, the term also described a military governor. In the modern Hellenic Army, it is the highest officer rank.
Aidan Eames
Aidan Eames is an Irish solicitor and former politician. He briefly served as a Fianna Fáil member of the 16th Seanad. He was nominated by the Taoiseach Charles Haughey, on 13 December 1982, to fill a vacancy after the November 1982 general election. He did not contest the 1983 Seanad election.

He is a practising solicitor in the firm of Eames and Company. He was a director of Bord Gáis from 2004 until 2014. He was a non-executive director at Irish Bank Resolution Corporation from May 2010 to February 2013.

Irish Bank Resolution Corporation
The Irish Bank Resolution Corporation (IBRC) was the name given to the entity formed in 2011 by the court-mandated merger of the state-owned banking institutions Anglo Irish Bank and Irish Nationwide Building Society.

Following a High Court order on the application of the Minister for Finance, Michael Noonan, the Irish government drove through overnight legislation to liquidate the IBRC in February 2013, with the emergency action required given a leaking of plans in the press.
Idrijske Krnice
Idrijske Krnice (pronounced [ˈiːdɾii̯ske kəɾˈniːtsɛ]; German: Karnitze) is a dispersed settlement in the hills northwest of Spodnja Idrija in the Municipality of Idrija in the traditional Inner Carniola region of Slovenia.

Dispersed settlement
A dispersed settlement, also known as a scattered settlement, is one of the main types of settlement patterns used by landscape historians to classify rural settlements found in England and other parts of the world.  Typically, there are a number of separate farmsteads scattered throughout the area. A dispersed settlement contrasts with a nucleated village.

The French term bocage is sometimes used to describe the type of landscape found where dispersed settlements are common.

In addition to Western Europe, dispersed patterns of settlement are found in parts of Papua New Guinea, as among the Gainj, Ankave, and Baining tribes. It is also frequently met with in nomadic pastoral societies.
In Ghana, Kumbyili in the northern region is also an example of a dispersed settlement