hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Magnus hitch
The magnus hitch is a knot similar to a rolling hitch or clove hitch, used to tie a rope or line to a pole, spar, or another line. It is tied similarly to a rolling hitch but with the final hitch in the opposite direction. It can be more tricky to snug up, since both lines emerge from the same side of the hitch, but it has less tendency to twist under load.

Clove hitch
The clove hitch is an ancient type of knot, made of two successive single hitches: 283  tied around an object. It is most effectively used to secure a middle section of rope to an object it crosses over,: 213  such as a line on a fencepost. It can also be used as an ordinary hitch, or as a binding knot, but it is not particularly secure in either application.: 18, 224  It is considered one of the most important knots, alongside the bowline and the sheet bend.

Although the name clove hitch is given by Falconer in his Dictionary of 1769, the knot is much older, having been tied in ratlines at least as early as the first quarter of the sixteenth century. This is shown in early sculpture and paintings. A round turn is taken with the ratline and then a hitch is added below. The forward end is always the first to be made fast.
Masashi Furukawa
Masashi Furukawa (Japanese: 古川雅司 Furukawa Masashi; 12 December 1935 – 7 February 2026) was a Japanese politician. A member of Komeito, he served in the House of Representatives from 1969 to 1990.

Furukawa died in Fukuyama on 7 February 2026, at the age of 90.

Fukuyama, Hiroshima
Fukuyama (福山市, Fukuyama-shi) is a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 March 2023, the city had an estimated population of 459,160 in 214259 households and a population density of 890 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 518.14 square kilometres (200.05 sq mi). After Hiroshima, it is the largest city in Hiroshima Prefecture. The city's symbol is the rose and it holds an annual Rose Festival in the month of May. The official mascot of Fukuyama is an anthropomorphic rose child by the name of Rola.
Little Pend Oreille National Wildlife Refuge
The Little Pend Oreille National Wildlife Refuge is a wildlife preserve, one of the national wildlife refuges operated by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. The refuge is located east of Colville, Washington, along the west slope of the Selkirk Mountain Range. It lies mostly in eastern Stevens County, with a small part extending eastward into western Pend Oreille County. It is the only mountainous, mixed-conifer forest refuge outside Alaska and the largest in Washington state.

Wildlife found in the refuge include numerous songbirds, bald eagles, elk, black bears, timber wolves, cougars, moose, beavers, and white-tailed deer.

Public uses include hunting, fishing, hiking, camping, and horseback riding.

North American beaver
The North American beaver (Castor canadensis) is one of two extant beaver species, along with the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber). It is native to North America and has been introduced in South America (Patagonia) and Europe (primarily Finland and Karelia). The North American beaver is one of the national symbols of Canada and the official state mammal of Oregon and New York. North American (Canadian) beavers are widespread across the continental United States, Canada, southern Alaska, and some parts of northern Mexico.

In Canada and the United States, the North American beaver is often referred to simply as "beaver", although this can cause some confusion because another distantly related rodent, Aplodontia rufa, is often called the "mountain beaver". Other vernacular names, including American beaver and Canadian beaver, distinguish this species from the other extant beaver species, Castor fiber, which is native to Eurasia.
The Rolling Stones 1st American Tour 1964
The Rolling Stones' 1964 1st American Tour was the band's first concert tour of the United States. The tour commenced on June 5 and concluded on June 20, 1964. On this tour, the band supported their first U.S. album The Rolling Stones. The band played eleven shows in total, including two each on 6 and 7 June, and gave several performances on various television shows during the tour. The band also recorded its next single, "It's All Over Now", next British EP, Five by Five, and much of its next US album, 12 x 5, at Chess Studios on 10 and 11 June.

Five by Five (Rolling Stones EP)
Five by Five is the second EP by the Rolling Stones and was released in 1964.  Captured during a prolific spurt of recording activity at Chess Studios in Chicago that June, Five by Five was released that August in the UK shortly after their debut album, The Rolling Stones, had appeared. The title of Five by Five is a play on words—five tracks recorded by a band with five members.
Chantal de Ridder
Chantal Alida Maria de Ridder (born 19 January 1989) is a Dutch former football striker, who played for BeNe League club AFC Ajax as well as the senior Netherlands women's national football team.

She had previously competed in the Netherlands' Eredivisie, winning four titles with Ter Leede and AZ.

Ter Leede
Ter Leede is a football club based in Sassenheim, Netherlands. The club was established on 30 April 1930, as a merger of the clubs Poellaan and Roda.

The men's team is currently playing in the Dutch Vierde Divisie.

The women's team played in the women's Hoofdklasse, the highest level of women's football in the country, until the introduction of the Eredivisie in 2007. It never fielded a women's team in the Eredivisie and now plays in the Topklasse, the third level of Dutch women's football.

The women's team won the Hoofdklasse title four times and the KNVB Women's Cup  three times. In 2001–02, Ter Leede was the first Dutch team in the UEFA Women's Cup, the precursor to the Women's Champions League. The team finished in second place in its group, behind Ryazan WFC of Russia. The women's team also took part in 2003–04, finishing in second in its group behind Fulham L.F.C., and in 2004–05, finishing in third place in its group.
Brynjar Aa
Brynjar Aa often Brynjar Å (born 21 July 1960) is a Norwegian dramatist. He was born in Trondheim. He was a student at the Telemark University College and studied under Norwegian writer Eldrid Lunden. Before finishing at Bø, Aa published the book Babyboy.

Brynjar Aa has published over a dozen different works, all by established publishing houses, including Aschehoug, and The NRK. His work has also been reviewed in Dag og Tid and Dagbladet, and some of them have been controversial.

Aschehoug
H. Aschehoug & Co. (W. Nygaard), commonly known as Aschehoug, (pronounced [ˈɑ̂skəhæʉ]) is one of the largest independent publishing companies in Norway, founded in 1872. Headquartered in Oslo, the publishing house has 480 employees. The Aschehoug group also comprises other publishing houses which it owns partially or wholly. The name Aschehoug can be directly translated as "ash hill".
Government Canyon
Government Canyon, a valley that heads at an elevation of 2483 feet at 30°35′30″N 101°16′25″W﻿ / ﻿30.59167°N 101.27361°W﻿ / 30.59167; -101.27361, and runs southwest to its mouth on  Howard Draw in Crockett County, elevation 2014 feet.

Government Canyon was a place along the route where the San Antonio-El Paso Road left the Head of Devil's River to go northwest, 44 miles across Johnson Draw and Government Canyon to Howard Draw and Howard Spring.

Howard Spring
Howard Spring (10 February 1889 – 3 May 1965) was a Welsh author and journalist. He began his writing career as a journalist but from 1934 produced a series of best-selling novels for adults and children. The most successful was Fame Is the Spur (1940), which was later adapted into a film starring Michael Redgrave, and later still a BBC TV series (1982) starring Tim Pigott-Smith and David Hayman.
Stade Marcel-Verchère
Stade Marcel-Verchère (French: [stad maʁsɛl vɛʁʃɛʁ]) is rugby union stadium located in Bourg-en-Bresse, Ain.  It is the home ground of Union Sportive Bressane, promoted to Rugby Pro D2 (the second level of French club rugby) for the 2013–14 season.  It has a capacity of 11,400. Moreover, the team of Football Bourg-en-Bresse Péronnas 01 playing in this stadium and evolve in Championnat National.

The stadium is named in memory of Marcel Verchère, a Bressane player who died two days after a violent tackle during a match against Oyonnax on 24 October 1937.

Bourg-en-Bresse
Bourg-en-Bresse (French pronunciation: [buʁ(k)‿ɑ̃ bʁɛs] ⓘ; lit. 'Bourg-in-Bresse'; Arpitan: Bôrg) is the prefecture of the Ain department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in Eastern France. Located 70 km (43 mi) northeast of Lyon, it is the capital of the ancient province of Bresse (Arpitan: Brêsse).
Srikrishnanagar
Srikrishnanagar is a village within the jurisdiction of the Jaynagar Majilpur police station in the Jaynagar I CD block in the Baruipur subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

South 24 Parganas
South 24 Parganas (Pron: pɔrɡɔnɔs; abbr. 24 PGS (S)), or sometimes South Twenty Four Parganas and Dakshin 24 Parganas, is a district in the Indian state of West Bengal, headquartered in Alipore , with its Zilla Parishad  in Baruipur. It is the largest district of West Bengal by area and second largest by population. It is the sixth most populous district in India (out of 640). On one side of the district there is the urban fringe of Kolkata, and on the other the remote riverine villages in the Sundarbans.
Argyrotaenia interfasciae
Argyrotaenia interfasciae is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is known from the Yanachaga–Chemillén National Park in the Pasco Region, Peru. The type series was collected at 2,400–2,460 m (7,870–8,070 ft) above sea level.

The wingspan is about 13 mm in males.

Department of Pasco
Pasco (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpasko]; Quechua: Pasqu) is a department of Peru. It is located in the country's central highlands. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is Cerro de Pasco.
Riigikogu electoral district no. 1 (1992–1995)
Electoral district no. 1 (Estonian: Valimisringkond nr 1) was one of the multi-member electoral districts of the Riigikogu, the national legislature of Estonia. The district was established in 1992 when the Riigikogu was re-established following Estonia's independence from the Soviet Union. It was abolished in 1995. It covered south Tallinn.

Riigikogu
The Riigikogu (Estonian: [ˈriːkiˈkoku], from Estonian riigi-, "of the state", and kogu, "assembly") is the unicameral parliament of Estonia. In addition to approving legislation, the Parliament appoints high officials, including the prime minister and chief justice of the Supreme Court, and elects (either alone or, if necessary, together with representatives of local government within a broader electoral college) the president. Among its other tasks, the Riigikogu also ratifies significant foreign treaties that impose military and proprietary obligations and bring about changes in law, as well as approves the budget presented by the government as law, and monitors the executive power.
Ciudad Real railway station
Ciudad Real railway station  (Spanish: Estación de Ciudad Real) is the main railway station of the Spanish city of Ciudad Real, Castilla–La Mancha. Located on the AVE high-speed rail line from Madrid Atocha to Seville-Santa Justa and Málaga María Zambrano, travel to Madrid can be achieved in under an hour.

AVE
Alta Velocidad Española (AVE) is a high-speed rail service operated by Renfe, the Spanish State railway company. The first AVE service was inaugurated in 1992, with the introduction of the first Spanish high-speed railway connecting the cities of Madrid, Córdoba and Seville. In addition to Renfe's use of the Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias-managed rail infrastructure in Spain, Renfe offers two AVE services partially in France, connecting respectively Barcelona-Lyon and Madrid-Marseille. Alta Velocidad Española translates to "Spanish High Speed", but the initials are also a play on the word ave, meaning "bird". AVE trains operate at speeds of up to 300 km/h (186 mph).
Off the Rez
Off the Rez is a restaurant in Seattle, in the U.S. state of Washington. Owned by Mark McConnell of the Blackfeet Nation in Browning, Montana, as well as his partner, Cecilia Rikard, the business has operated as a food truck and as a cafe at the Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture.

Browning, Montana
Browning  is a former town and current Census-designated place in Glacier County, Montana, United States. It is the headquarters for the Blackfeet Indian Reservation and was the only incorporated town on the Reservation. The population was 1,018 at the 2020 census.

The town was named in 1885 for Commissioner of Indian Affairs Daniel M. Browning. The post office was established in 1895. The town was disincorporated on September 26, 2018, after the town's government collapsed financially.
B.C. Rich
B.C. Rich is an American brand of acoustic and electric guitars and bass guitars.  B.C. Rich had its origins in a guitar shop Bernardo Chavez Rico helped run with his father, which initially produced acoustic guitars that became popular amidst the folk music revival.  Rico began making electric guitars in the late 1960s and established himself as one of the first boutique electric guitar builders, before releasing production models beginning in 1974.  With the shop's name changed to B.C. Rich, Rico grew it into a company known for radical guitar designs that became popular with heavy metal bands beginning in the 1980s.  Notable models include the Mockingbird and Warlock.

American folk music revival
The American folk music revival began during the 1940s and peaked in popularity in the mid-1960s. Early folk music performers include Woody Guthrie, Lead Belly, Pete Seeger, Richard Dyer-Bennet, Oscar Brand, Jean Ritchie, John Jacob Niles, Susan Reed, Mississippi John Hurt, Josh White, and Cisco Houston. Lead Belly recorded "Cotton Fields" and "Goodnight, Irene" and folk singer Odetta released folk albums.

New folk musicians such as Bob Dylan, Joan Baez, Judy Collins, Joni Mitchell, Phil Ochs, Peter Paul & Mary and many others recorded folk songs and new compositions in the folk style in the 1960s and 1970s. The revival also brought forward strains of American folk music that had in earlier times contributed to the development of country and western, bluegrass, blues, and rock and roll music.
Witten Philippo
Witten T. Philippo is a Marshallese judge and politician and former Minister in Assistance to the President of Marshall Islands.

Philippo initially worked as a prosecutor. In 1984 he got bachelor of laws from the University of Papua New Guinea. He was assistant attorney-general from 1984 to 1988. He was appointed as associate justice in the High Court of the Marshall Islands from 1989 to 1996. He was acting chief justice in 1994 and 1995.

Philippo was elected to Nitijela, and represented Majuro Atoll from 1997 to 2008. During this time he was appointed Minister of Justice in about 2007, and also Minister in Assistance to the President of Kessai Note from February 2004 to March 2006.

Philippo was reappointed as associate justice to the High Court of the Marshall Islands in November 2018. 
He is expected to retire on 31 January 2030 at the age of 72, which means that he was born in 1958.

University of Papua New Guinea
The University of Papua New Guinea (UPNG) is a university located in Port Moresby, capital of Papua New Guinea. It was established by ordinance of the Australian administration in 1965. This followed the Currie Commission which had enquired into higher education in Papua New Guinea. The University of Papua New Guinea Act No. 18, 1983 bill repealing the old Ordinance was passed by the National Parliament in August 1983.

The university has moved from a departmental to a school structure to foster interdisciplinary and inter-school relationships. The university's library is known as the Michael Somare Library, named after the country's first Prime Minister Sir Michael Somare. Multiple sources have included it among the best universities in Papua New Guinea.
1847 Tennessee gubernatorial election
The 1847 Tennessee gubernatorial election was held on August 5, 1847, to elect the Governor of Tennessee. Whig nominee and former member of the Tennessee House of Representatives Neill S. Brown defeated Democratic nominee and incumbent Governor Aaron V. Brown.

Tennessee House of Representatives
The Tennessee House of Representatives is the lower house of the Tennessee General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Tennessee. The House convenes, along with the Senate, at the Tennessee State Capitol in Nashville.
Songpyeon
Songpyeon (Korean: 송편) is a traditional Korean food made of rice powder. Its shape resembles a half moon and it is a representative rice cake of Korean holidays and traditional culture. It is a type of tteok, small rice cakes, and variety of fillings are used—some include red bean paste, toasted sesame seeds, and chestnuts. Songpyeon is traditionally eaten during the Korean autumn harvest festival, Chuseok, where it is often prepared by families at home. It is a popular symbol of traditional Korean culture. The earliest records of songpyeon date from the Goryeo period.

Culture of Korea
The traditional culture of Korea  is the shared cultural and historical heritage of Korea before the division of Korea in 1945.

Since the mid-20th century, Korea has been split between the North Korean and South Korean states, resulting in a number of cultural differences that can be observed even today. Before the Joseon period, the practice of Korean shamanism was deeply rooted in Korean culture.
Jimmy Dimos
Jimmy N. Dimos (October 18, 1938 – May 18, 2023) was a Yugoslavian-born American judge and politician in Louisiana. He emigrated from SR Macedonia, Socialist Federal Republic Yugoslavia (modern-day North Macedonia) as a child in 1951, joining his father in the U.S. He was a member of the Eastern Orthodox Church growing up. He graduated from Neville High School in Monroe, Louisiana. He attended the University of Louisiana at Monroe and Tulane University.

Dimos served in the Louisiana House of Representatives from 1976 to 1999. He represented Ouachita Parish. During the governorship of Buddy Roemer, Dimos was speaker of the house. He served as a judge of the Louisiana Fourth Judicial District Court bench from 1999 to 2007. In 2017, Dimos was inducted into the Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame and the Louisiana Justice Hall of Fame.

Dimos died on May 18, 2023, at the age of 84.

Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame
The Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame is a museum and hall of fame located in Winnfield, Louisiana. Created by a 1987 act of the Louisiana State Legislature, it honors the best-known politicians and political journalists in the state.
Hikozaki Shell Mound
The Hikozaki Shell Mound (彦崎貝塚, Hikozaki kaizuka) is an archaeological site in the Hikozaki neighborhood of Minami-ku of the city of Okayama, Okayama Prefecture, in the San'yō region of western Japan. It contains the largest known shell midden in western Japan, and was designated a National Historic Site in 2008.

Okayama Prefecture
Okayama Prefecture (岡山県, Okayama-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [o.kaꜜ.ja.ma, o.ka.ja.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūgoku region of Honshu. Okayama Prefecture has a population of 1,815,165 (1 October 2025) and has a geographic area of 7,114 km2 (2,746 sq mi). Okayama Prefecture borders Tottori Prefecture to the north, Hyōgo Prefecture to the east, and Hiroshima Prefecture to the west.

Okayama is the capital and largest city of Okayama Prefecture, with other major cities including Kurashiki, Tsuyama, and Sōja. Okayama Prefecture's south is located on the Seto Inland Sea coast across from Kagawa Prefecture on the island of Shikoku, which are connected by the Great Seto Bridge, while the north is characterized by the Chūgoku Mountains.
Windsor Express and Richmond Advertiser
The Windsor Express and Richmond Advertiser, established in 1843, was the first known permanent newspaper in the Hawkesbury and Hawkesbury River district in New South Wales. Despite the area being settled by Europeans by 1794, prior to this the Hawkesbury inhabitants relied on the Sydney newspapers (such as the Sydney Gazette and Sydney Morning Herald) for their news.

The Sydney Gazette
The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser was the first newspaper printed in Australia, running from 5 March 1803 until 20 October 1842. It was a semi-official publication of the government of New South Wales, authorised by Governor Philip King and printed by George Howe. On 14 October 1824, under the editorship of Robert Howe, it ceased to be censored by the colonial government.
Kaavan
Kaavan (Urdu: کاون; born 1985) is a male Asian elephant known as the "world's loneliest elephant" since his partner, 22-year-old Saheli, died in 2012. Kaavan was gifted by the government of Sri Lanka to Pakistan in 1985. He remained at the Islamabad Zoo until November 2020, when he was moved to a sanctuary in Cambodia, in response to a campaign launched by local and international animal rights activists, led by American singer Cher.

In May 2020, the Islamabad High Court ordered Kaavan to be released.

Government of Sri Lanka
The Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා රජය, romanised: Śrī Laṅkā Rajaya; Tamil: இலங்கை அரசாங்கம், romanised: Ilaṇkai Aracāṅkam) is a semi-presidential republic determined by the Sri Lankan Constitution. It administers the island from both its commercial capital of Colombo and the administrative capital of Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte.
Fort Miller (Massachusetts)
Fort Miller (originally Fort Darby or Darby's Fort) was a coastal defense fort in Marblehead, Massachusetts, in existence circa 1630–1900. Circa 1861 it was renamed for James Miller, a colonel in the War of 1812, distinguished for his actions in the Battle of Lundy's Lane. He was later Collector of the Port in nearby Salem from 1824 to 1849.

Battle of Lundy's Lane
The Battle of Lundy's Lane, also known as the Battle of Niagara or contemporarily as the Battle of Bridgewater, was fought on 25 July 1814, during the War of 1812, between an invading American army and a British and Canadian army near present-day Niagara Falls, Ontario. It was one of the bloodiest battles of the war, and one of the deadliest battles fought in Canada, with approximately 1,720 casualties including 258 killed.

The engagement was marked by intense musketry at close range and instances of friendly fire on both sides amidst the smoke and confusion, which caused several units to break entirely.
The two armies fought each other to a stalemate; neither side held firm control of the field following the engagement. However, the casualties suffered by the Americans precipitated their withdrawal, and the British held the strategic initiative.
Derriford Hospital
Derriford Hospital is a large teaching hospital in Plymouth, England. The hospital serves Plymouth and nearby areas of Devon and Cornwall. It also provides tertiary cardiothoracic surgery, neurosurgery, renal transplant surgery, and immunology/allergy for the whole of the South West Peninsula. It is managed by the University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust. It was designated a major trauma centre in 2013. A helipad capable of night operation was opened in 2015, to replace the existing daytime-only grass pad. The hospital is used for clinical training of medical students from the Plymouth University Peninsula School of Medicine. It is one of five hospitals with attached Ministry of Defence Hospital Units to cater to service personnel.

Helipad
A helipad is the landing area of a heliport, in use by helicopters, powered lift, and vertical lift aircraft to land on surface.

While helicopters and powered lift aircraft are able to operate on a variety of relatively flat surfaces, a fabricated helipad provides a clearly marked hard surface away from obstacles where such aircraft can land safely.

Larger helipads, intended for use by helicopters and other vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft, may be called vertiports. An example is Vertiport Chicago, which opened in 2015.