hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arvinn Gadgil
Arvinn Eikeland Gadgil (born 18 January 1980, Tromsø, Norway) is a Norwegian Socialist Left Party politician. He was the State Secretary (International Development Affairs) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs from April 2012 until the Norwegian general election of September 2013.

His appointment was seen by the world as the first effort by the Norwegian government to reach out to the immigrant population in Norway after the Anders Breivik attack. Notably, Gadgil's grandfather sat on the inaugural Board of Directors of Air India, India's flag carrier airline.

State Secretary (Norway)
In Norway, a state secretary (Norwegian: statssekretær) is a partisan political position within the executive branch of government. Contrary to the position secretary of state in many other countries, a Norwegian state secretary does not head the ministry, rather, they are second in rank to a minister. Resembling a de facto vice minister, the state secretary, however, cannot attend a Council of State, and does not act as a temporary minister in case of illness or other leave of absence.
DTM—İstanbul Fuar Merkezi (Istanbul Metro)
DTM—İstanbul Fuar Merkezi is a station on the M1 line of the Istanbul Metro in Bakırköy, Istanbul. The station consists of an elevated island platform servicing two tracks within the Istanbul World Trade Center (Turkish: Dünya Ticaret Merkezi, DTM).

DTM—İstanbul Fuar Merkezi station was opened on 20 December 2002 as part of the westward extension of the M1 to Atatürk Airport.

Bakırköy
Bakırköy is a municipality and district in the European part of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 29 km2, and its population is 226,685 (2022). Bakırköy lies between the D.100 highway (locally known as E-5) and the coast of the Sea of Marmara. Bakırköy houses a large psychiatric hospital, and is an important shopping and commercial center.
String section
The string section of an orchestra is composed of bowed instruments belonging to the violin family. It normally consists of first and second violins, violas, cellos, and double basses. It is the most numerous group in the standard orchestra. In discussions of the instrumentation of a musical work, the phrase "the strings" or "and strings" is used to indicate a string section as just defined. An orchestra consisting solely of a string section is called a string orchestra. Smaller string sections are sometimes used in jazz, pop, and rock music and in the pit orchestras of musical theatre.

La Création du monde
La Création du monde, Op. 81a, is a 15-minute-long ballet composed by Darius Milhaud in 1922–23 to a libretto by Blaise Cendrars, which outlines the creation of the world based on African folk mythology. The premiere took place on 25 October 1923 at Théâtre des Champs-Élysées in Paris.
Phemeranthus calycinus
Phemeranthus calycinus, commonly called largeflower fameflower, rock pink, or fame flower is a species of flowering plant in the montia family (Montiaceae). It is native to the central United States, and its natural habitat is on glades, sandy areas, or bluffs with rock outcrops.

Montiaceae
Montiaceae are a family of flowering plants, with about 17 genera and about 230 known species, ranging from small herbaceous plants to shrubs. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution.

The family Montiaceae was newly adopted in the APG III system and includes members of the Caryophyllales formerly listed in Portulacaceae. It is known by the common names of spring beauty family or the montia family.
Bras des Canots
The bras des Canots is a tributary of the Valin River, flowing in the unorganized territory of Mont-Valin, in the Le Fjord-du-Saguenay Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, in Quebec, in Canada. The course of the Bras des Canots flows mainly in the Monts-Valin National Park.

A secondary forest road serves the southwest bank of the Bras des Canots valley and the lakes upstream; other secondary forest roads have been developed in the sector for the needs of forestry and recreational tourism activities.

The surface of the Canoe's arm is usually frozen from the end of November to the beginning of April, however the safe circulation on the ice is generally done from mid-December to the end of March.

Saguenay River
The Saguenay River (French: Rivière Saguenay, [ʁivjɛʁ saɡnɛ]) is a major river of Quebec, Canada. 
Draining Lac Saint-Jean in the Laurentian Highlands, it leaves Alma and runs east. The city of Saguenay is on the river, which drains into the Saint Lawrence River. Tadoussac, which was founded as a French colonial trading post in 1600, is located on the northeast bank at this site.

The river has a very high flow-rate and is bordered by steep cliffs associated with the Saguenay Graben. Tide waters flow in its fjord upriver as far as Chicoutimi (about 100 kilometres). Many beluga whales breed in the cold waters at its mouth, which makes Tadoussac a popular site for whale watching and sea kayaking, and Greenland sharks also frequent the depths of the river. The area of the confluence of the Saguenay and Saint Lawrence is protected by the Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park, one of Canada's national parks.
New Mexico State Road 57
State Road 57 (NM 57) is a state highway in the US state of New Mexico. Its total length is approximately 27.6 miles (44.4 km). NM 57's southern terminus is at the San Juan–McKinley county line where it continues south as Navajo Route 14, and NM 57's northern terminus is at U.S. Route 550 (US 550) northwest of Nageezi.

U.S. Route 550
U.S. Route 550 (US 550) is a spur of U.S. Highway 50 that runs from Bernalillo, New Mexico to Montrose, Colorado in the western United States. The section from Silverton to Ouray is frequently called the Million Dollar Highway.
It is one of the roads on the Trails of the Ancients Byway, one of the designated New Mexico Scenic Byways.
Lymnaea
Lymnaea is a genus of small to large-sized air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Lymnaeinae of the family Lymnaeidae, the pond snails.

Some species are used in aquaculture under the name Melantho snails.

Numerous Lymnaea species serve as intermediate hosts for trematodes.

Lymnaea is the type genus of the family Lymnaeidae.

Radix natalensis
Radix natalensis is a species of freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Lymnaeidae.

This species occurs widely in Africa. It is a major intermediate host for Fasciola gigantica in Africa. Placement of this species in the genus Radix was confirmed by Correa et al. (2010).
Zimbabwe Catholic Bishops' Conference
The Zimbabwe Catholic Bishops' Conference (ZCBC), established by the Holy See on October 1, 1969, is the episcopal conference of the Catholic Church in Zimbabwe. The statutes of the Conference were approved on March 25, 1981.

The ZCBC is a member of the Inter-Regional Meeting of Bishops of Southern Africa (IMBISA) and Symposium of Episcopal Conferences of Africa and Madagascar (SECAM).

The primary objective of the ZCBC is to promote solidarity among the bishops of Zimbabwe, and promotion of self-sufficiency among each of the dioceses.

Catholic Church in Zimbabwe
The Catholic Church in Zimbabwe is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope of Rome, Pope Leo XIV.

According to the 2017 Inter Censal Demography Survey by the Zimbabwe National Statistics Agency 8.0% of the population of Zimbabwe were Catholic; overall, 84% of the country had a Christian background.

There were 1,145,000 Catholics in the country (about 9% of the total population) in 2005. According to the 2022 Zimbabwe Population and Housing census, there are an estimated 975.488 Catholics in Zimbabwe, representing 6.4% from Zimbabwe's population.

In 2020, Catholic numbers were up to 2 million people, with 600 priests and 1,000 nuns serving across 267 parishes.

Pius Ncube, the former archbishop of Bulawayo, was an outspoken critic of the then government of Robert Mugabe, who was also a Catholic.
Jim Norton (safety)
James Charles Norton (October 20, 1938 – June 12, 2007) was an American professional football safety and punter who played for the Houston Oilers of the American Football League (AFL). An original member of the Oilers franchise, he played in their first nine seasons from 1960 to 1968. Norton was an AFL All-Star for three seasons and holds the franchise record for career interceptions. His jersey No. 43 was the first of eight retired by the Oilers/Titans franchise.

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.
Ovation of the Seas
Ovation of the Seas is a Quantum-class cruise ship owned by Royal Caribbean International (RCI) and the third ship of her class. The Quantum class is the fourth largest class of cruise ships behind MSC Cruises's Meraviglia class, Royal Caribbean International's Oasis class, and Royal Caribbean International's Icon Class by gross tonnage.

Ovation of the Seas mainly sails from Seattle during the northern summer season and re-positions to Sydney during the southern summer season.

MSC Meraviglia
MSC Meraviglia is a cruise ship owned and operated by MSC Cruises, built at the Chantiers de l'Atlantique shipyard in St. Nazaire, France, by STX France. MSC Meraviglia is the lead ship of MSC's new "Vista Project" vessels, the Meraviglia class, with MSC Bellissima following in 2019. Each vessel has a passenger capacity of 4,500. When it entered service in June 2017, it was the sixth largest cruise ship in the world, behind Royal Caribbean's Oasis-class cruise ships and AIDAnova.

She is the prototype of a class of 5 ships. A 6th ship seem to be cancelled. (IMO 9860312, yard number I34).
Sentral Niu Ailan Rural LLG
Sentral Niu Ailan Rural LLG is a local government area in New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea. The LLG administers the central area of the island of New Ireland, especially the people of the Barok, Mandak, Kuot, Notsi, and Tabar Group languages. The LLG is located in Namatanai District and the LLG headquarters is Konos.

The mainland section of the LLG is accessible by road from Kavieng and is bordered by Tikana Rural LLG in the north and Namatanai Rural LLG in the south. The population of the LLG is 29,932 as of the 2011 PNG National Census. It is mooted to be an electorate of its own  to be known as "Sentral Niu Ailan Open" Seat in 2022 depending on the Electoral Boundaries Commission Review after the 2017 General Elections.

The Kuot language is spoken in the northern part of the LLG.

The current LLG president is Graham Lali who defeated Toligai Tioti Soka during the 2013 LLG Elections.

Tikana Rural LLG
Tikana Rural LLG is a local government area in New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea. The LLG administers the northern section of the island of New Ireland, as well as Djaul Island and some Tigak islands in the strait between New Ireland and New Hanover.

The LLG is located in Kavieng District and the LLG headquarters is Kavieng, although Kavieng has its own urban LLG.

Tikana is a portmanteau word derived from the names of the three language areas that make up the LLG: Tigak, Kara and Nalik. Population is 33,222 (PNG Census 2011).

The Kuot language is spoken in the southern part of the LLG.

The LLG president is Ken Bart.
James Ah Koy
Sir James Michael Ah Koy, KBE, CF (Chinese: 何志美; born November 30, 1936) is a Fijian businessman, politician, and diplomat.  He is Executive Chairman of Kelton Investments, the IT service provider Datec Group Ltd., Honorary Consul of the Republic of Georgia to Fiji and a board director of forty-six companies.  He served as a Cabinet Minister in the 1990s, and was a Senator from 2001 to 2006. He is Fiji's past ambassador to China.  He served until December 2010, and was replaced by Esala Teleni.

1987 Fijian coups d'état
The Fijian coups d'état of 1987 resulted in the overthrow of the elected government of Fijian Prime Minister Timoci Bavadra, the deposition of Elizabeth II as Queen of Fiji, and in the declaration of a republic.  The first coup d'état, in which Bavadra was deposed, took place on 14 May 1987; a second coup d'état on 25 September ended the monarchy, and was shortly followed by the proclamation of a republic on 10 October.  Both military actions were led by Lieutenant Colonel Sitiveni Rabuka, then third in command of the Royal Fiji Military Forces.
Ethmoidal infundibulum
The ethmoidal infundibulum is a funnel-shaped/slit-like: 690 /curved opening/passage/space: 690 /cleft upon the anterosuperior portion of the middle nasal meatus (and thus of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity) at the hiatus semilunaris (which represents the medial extremity of the infundibulum). The anterior ethmoidal air cells (and also medial ethmoidal air cells  - variation),: 612  and (usually: 612, 690 ) the frontonasal duct (which drains the frontal sinus): 690  open into the ethmoidal infundibulum. The ethmoidal infundibulum extends anterosuperiorly from its opening into the nasal cavity.: 612

Frontal sinus
The frontal sinuses are one of the four pairs of paranasal sinuses that are situated behind the brow ridges. Sinuses are mucosa-lined airspaces within the bones of the face and skull. Each opens into the anterior part of the corresponding middle nasal meatus of the nose through the frontonasal duct which traverses the anterior part of the labyrinth of the ethmoid. These structures then open into the semilunar hiatus in the middle meatus.
Thayeria tapajonica
Thayeria tapajonica is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acestrorhamphidae, the American characins.

This species is endemic to Brazil, where it only occurs in the basin of the Rio Tapajós downstream of its confluence with the Rio Juruena and Rio Teles Pires. It also occurs in the lower Teles Pires.

It is similar to T. boehlkei in having a dark midlateral stripe that extends from the caudal peduncle to merge with the stripe along the anterior portion of the back. However, this midlateral stripe is narrower than that of T. boehlkei.

Thayeria boehlkei
Thayeria boehlkei, the blackline penguinfish, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acestrorhamphidae, the American characins. This species is endemic to the Amazon River basin and Araguaia River, in Peru and Brazil respectively. The species is popular with aquarium hobbyists, and is traded under a variety of common names including blackline penguinfish, blackline thayeria, hockey-stick tetra, penguin fish and penguin tetra.

The fish is named in honor of James E. Böhlke (1930–1982) of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, because of his interest in and contributions to the knowledge of South American characids.
Refrigerator (horse)
Refrigerator (1988–1999) was an Appendix Quarter Horse racehorse who won the Champions of Champions race three times. He was a 1988 bay gelding sired by Rare Jet and out of Native Parr. Rare Jet was a grandson of Easy Jet and also a double descendant of both Depth Charge (TB) and Three Bars (TB). His dam was a daughter of Heisanative, a son of Raise a Native (TB) and a grandson of Native Dancer (TB). During his race career he earned over $2 million and won twenty-two races, eleven of them stakes races. He won the 1990 All American Futurity. Nine of the stakes races were Grade I races. He was bred by Sonny Vaughn, and died in February 1999.

Refrigerator was inducted into the AQHA Hall of Fame in 2000.

American Quarter Horse Hall of Fame
The American Quarter Horse Hall of Fame and Museum was created by the American Quarter Horse Association (AQHA), based in Amarillo, Texas. Ground breaking construction of the Hall of Fame Museum began in 1989. The distinction is earned by people and horses who have contributed to the growth of the American Quarter Horse and "have been outstanding over a period of years in a variety of categories". In 1982, Bob Denhardt and Ernest Browning were the first individuals to receive the honor of being inducted into the AQHA Hall of Fame. In 1989, Wimpy P-1, King P-234, Leo and Three Bars were the first horses inducted into the AQHA Hall of Fame.
Operational Control Language
Operational Control Language (OCL) is the control language of the IBM System/3, System/32, System/34 and System/36 minicomputer family. It is supported on IBM i's System/36 Environment for backwards compatibility purposes. It is similar to the older control languages JCL (System/370), and unrelated to the later Control Language (System/38 and IBM AS/400), and REXX (AS/400).

IBM i
IBM i, the i standing for integrated, is an operating system developed by IBM for IBM Power Systems. It was originally released in 1988 as OS/400, as the sole operating system of the IBM AS/400 line of systems. It was renamed to i5/OS in 2004, before being renamed a second time to IBM i in 2008. It is an evolution of the System/38 CPF operating system, with compatibility layers for System/36 SSP and AIX applications. It inherits a number of distinctive features from the System/38 platform, including the Machine Interface which provides hardware independence, the implementation of object-based addressing on top of a single-level store, and the tight integration of a relational database into the operating system.
Product market
In economics, the product market is the marketplace where final goods or services are sold to households and the foreign sector. Focusing on the sale of finished goods, it does not include trading in raw materials (commodities) or other intermediate materials.

Product market regulation is a term for the placing of restrictions upon the operation of the product market. According to an OECD ranking in 1998, English-speaking and Nordic countries had the least-regulated product markets in the OECD. The least-regulated product markets were to be found in:

United Kingdom

Australia

United States

Canada

New Zealand

Denmark

Ireland

According to the OECD, indicators for product market regulation include price controls, foreign ownership barriers, and tariffs, among other things.

Service (economics)
A service is an act or use for which a consumer, company, or government is willing to pay. Examples include work done by barbers, doctors, lawyers, accountants, mechanics, banks, finance, insurance companies, and so on. Public services are those that society (nation state, fiscal union or region) as a whole pays for, such as hospitals,  elementary schools, or libraries. Using resources, skill, ingenuity, and experience, service providers give benefit to service consumers. Services may be defined as intangible acts or performances whereby the service provider provides value to the customer.
Cap formation
When molecules on the surface of a motile eukaryotic cell are crosslinked, they are moved to one end of the cell to form a "cap". This phenomenon, the process of which is called cap formation, was discovered in 1971 on lymphocytes and is a property of amoebae and all locomotory animal cells except sperm. The crosslinking is most easily achieved using a polyvalent antibody to a surface antigen on the cell. Cap formation can be visualised by attaching a fluorophore, such as fluorescein, to the antibody.

Endocytosis
Endocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell. The material to be internalized is surrounded by an area of cell membrane, which then buds off inside the cell to form a vesicle containing the ingested materials. Endocytosis includes pinocytosis (cell drinking) and phagocytosis (cell eating). It is a form of active transport.
Literature-based discovery
Literature-based discovery (LBD), also called literature-related discovery (LRD) is a form of knowledge extraction and automated hypothesis generation that uses papers and other academic publications (the "literature") to find new relationships between existing knowledge (the "discovery"). Literature-based discovery aims to discover new knowledge by connecting information which have been explicitly stated in literature to deduce connections which have not been explicitly stated.

LBD can help researchers to quickly discover and explore hypotheses as well as gain information on relevant advances inside and outside of their niches and increase interdisciplinary information sharing.

The most basic and widespread type of LBD is called the ABC paradigm because it centers around three concepts called A, B and C. It states that if there is a connection between A and B and one between B and C, then there is one between A and C which, if not explicitly stated, is yet to be explored.

Unified Medical Language System
The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) is a compendium of many controlled vocabularies in the biomedical sciences (created 1986). It provides a mapping structure among these vocabularies and thus allows one to translate among the various terminology systems; it may also be viewed as a comprehensive thesaurus and ontology of biomedical concepts. UMLS further provides facilities for natural language processing. It is intended to be used mainly by developers of systems in medical informatics.

UMLS consists of Knowledge Sources (databases) and a set of software tools.

The UMLS was designed and is maintained by the US National Library of Medicine, is updated quarterly and may be used for free. The project was initiated in 1986 by Donald A.B. Lindberg, M.D., then Director of the Library of Medicine, and directed by Betsy Humphreys.
RBC Pepinster
Royal Basketball Club Pepinster is a Belgian basketball club that is located in the Verviers-Pepinster area of Liège Province, Belgium. The club currently competes in the Belgian Fifth Division, the fifth tier of Belgian basketball. Before, the team used to be a regular participant of the Basketball League Belgium. The team club plays its home games at the 4,000 seat Hall du Paire.

Verviers
Verviers (French pronunciation: [vɛʁvje] ⓘ; Walloon: Vervî) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Liège, Belgium.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Ensival, Heusy, Lambermont, Petit-Rechain, Stembert, and Verviers. It is also the center of an agglomeration that includes Dison and Pepinster, making it the second biggest in the province and an important regional center, located roughly halfway between Liège and the German border.

Water has played an important role in the town's economy, notably in the development first of its textile and later its tourist industries. As a result, many fountains have been built in Verviers, leading it to be named Wallonia's "Water Capital". The seats of the two Walloon public institutions for water distribution and water treatment are located in the town.
Cherubism
Cherubism is a rare genetic disorder that causes prominence in the lower portion in the face. The name is derived from the temporary chubby-cheeked resemblance to putti, the chubby-faced infants featured in Renaissance paintings, which were often mistakenly described as cherubim.

Putto
A putto (Italian: [ˈputto]; plural putti [ˈputti]) is a figure in a work of art depicted as a chubby male child, usually naked and very often winged. Originally limited to profane passions in symbolism, the putto came to represent a sort of baby angel in religious art, often called a cherub (plural cherubim), though in traditional Christian theology, a cherub is actually one of the most senior types of angel.

The same figures were also seen in representations of classical myth, and increasingly in general decorative art. In Baroque art the putto came to represent the omnipresence of God. A putto representing a cupid is also called an amorino (plural amorini) or amoretto (plural amoretti).