hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lindemann–Weierstrass theorem
In transcendental number theory, the Lindemann–Weierstrass theorem is a result that is very useful in establishing the transcendence of numbers. It states the following:

In other words, the extension field  has transcendence degree n over .

An equivalent formulation from Baker 1990, Chapter 1, Theorem 1.4, is the following:

This equivalence transforms a linear relation over the algebraic numbers into an algebraic relation over  by using the fact that a symmetric polynomial whose arguments are all conjugates of one another gives a rational number.

The theorem is named for Ferdinand von Lindemann and Karl Weierstrass. Lindemann proved in 1882 that eα is transcendental for every non-zero algebraic number α, thereby establishing that π is transcendental (see below). Weierstrass proved the above more general statement in 1885.

The theorem, along with the Gelfond–Schneider theorem, is extended by Baker's theorem, and all of these would be further generalized by Schanuel's conjecture.

Conjugate element (field theory)
In mathematics, in particular field theory, the conjugate elements or algebraic conjugates of an algebraic element α, over a field extension L/K, are the roots of the minimal polynomial pK,α(x) of α over K. Conjugate elements are commonly called conjugates in contexts where this is not ambiguous.  Normally α itself is included in the set of conjugates of α.

Equivalently (if L/K is normal), the conjugates of α are the images of α under the field automorphisms of L that leave fixed the elements of K. The equivalence of the two definitions is one of the starting points of Galois theory.

The concept generalizes complex conjugation, since the algebraic conjugates over  of a complex number are the number itself and its complex conjugate.
Fred M. Wilcox (South Dakota politician)
Fred M. Wilcox (1858–1938) was an American politician and businessman.

Born 15 September 1858 in Fremont County, Iowa, Wilcox moved to Springfield, Illinois, and then in 1880, to Beadle County, Dakota Territory. Wilcox was in the real estate and loan business and lived in Huron, South Dakota. He married Adda M. Miller (1857–1949), with whom he had a son and a daughter. Between 1900 and 1910, they moved to Pasadena, California. Wilcox died on December 1, 1938, and he and his wife are interred in Glendale, California.

Fremont County, Iowa
Fremont County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census the population was 6,605, making it the state's seventh-least populous county. The county seat and the largest city is Sidney. The county was formed in 1847 and named for the military officer John C. Frémont.
Doug Libla
Doug Libla (born 1952) is a former Republican member of the Missouri Senate, representing the southeasternmost part of the state. He was first elected to that position in 2012, receiving 56% of the vote over Democratic candidate Terry Swinger.  He was reelected in 2016 over former U.S Congressman Bill Burlison.

Libla was mentioned as a possible contender in the 2013 special congressional election, but ultimately decided not to run.

2013 Missouri's 8th congressional district special election
A special election for Missouri's 8th congressional district was held on June 4, 2013, following the resignation of Jo Ann Emerson on January 22, 2013, to head the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association. The Republican and Democratic parties selected their own nominees without a primary.

The deadline to request an absentee ballot for the special election was May 29, 2013. A televised candidates' forum took place on May 27, 2013, at Southeast Missouri State University-River Campus; all party candidates participated, while the write-in candidate did not attend. In the general election on June 4, 2013, Republican Jason Smith received 67.1% of the vote, beating Democrat Steve Hodges (27.4%), Constitutional Doug Enyart (3.6%), and Libertarian Bill Slantz (1.5%).
Taftan, Balochistan
Taftan (Urdu: تفتان) is a trunk road and railway town in Chagai District, Balochistan, Pakistan. It is one of Pakistan's border crossings with Iran. It is by either road or rail over 500 km (310 mi) from Quetta.

It is 62 kilometres (39 mi) northeast of the thermally active dark peak or small massif also called Taftan, wholly in Iran.

At its western extreme, the border crossing point of Iran is Mirjaveh.

Chagai District
Chaghi District (Balochi: چاگۓ دمگ; Urdu: ضلع چاغی), also known as Chaghi District, is the largest district of Pakistan by area, located in the northwestern corner of the Balochistan province of Pakistan. The district shares its border with two countries: Afghanistan and Iran.
Sarajlić
Sarajlić is a Bosnian surname derived from the city of Sarajevo. Notable people with the surname include:

Adnan Sarajlić (born 1981), Bosnian footballer

Asim Sarajlić (born 1975), Bosnian politician

Izet Sarajlić (1930–2002), Bosnian historian of philosophy, essayist, translator and poet

Nafija Sarajlić (1893–1970), first female Bosnian prose writer and poet

Sead Sarajlić (born 1957), retired Bosnian footballer

Bosnians
Bosnians (Bosnian: Bosanci / Босанци; sg. masc. Bosanac / Босанац, fem. Bosanka / Босанкаcode: bos promoted to code: bs ) are people native to the country of Bosnia and Herzegovina, especially the region of Bosnia. The term is used regardless of ethnic or cultural affiliation. The term Bosnian refers to all inhabitants/citizens of the country, though people from the region of Herzegovina may prefer the demonym Herzegovinian. The term can also be used as a designation for anyone who is descended from Bosnia.

Bosnian as a demonym is a nationality and does not imply any specific ethnic group. The term should not be confused with the ethnonym Bosniak, which refers to the largest ethnic group in the country. The native ethnic groups of Bosnia and Herzegovina are Bosniaks, Bosnian Serbs and Bosnian Croats.
Shahid Ali Khan (politician)
Shahid Ali Khan was an Indian politician from the state of Bihar.

Khan was first elected to the Bihar Legislative Assembly in the 1990 election from the Sitamarhi constituency as a member of the Janata Dal. At the time, he was the youngest member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly.

He was re-elected from Sitamarhi in the 2000 election on the Rashtriya Janata Dal ticket. He later represented the Pupri constituency in the February 2005 and October 2005 elections, and the Sursand constituency in the 2010 election, all on the Janata Dal (United) ticket.

In the 2014 Indian general election, Khan contested the Sheohar Lok Sabha constituency as a candidate of the Janata Dal (United) but was unsuccessful.

Between 1990 and 1995, Khan served as Chairman of the Bihar Industrial Area Development Authority. He later held ministerial portfolios in the Government of Bihar, including Minority Welfare, Law, and Information Technology.

Shahid Ali Khan died on 5 January 2018 in Ajmer, Rajasthan.

2000 Bihar Legislative Assembly election
Legislative Assembly elections were held in February 2000, to elect the 324 members of the Bihar Legislative Assembly. The Rashtriya Janata Dal won the most seats, but a short-lived government was formed by an alliance that included the Bharatiya Janata Party and the Samata Party. The voter turnout in the 2000 assembly polls was 62.6%.
Brainerd Subdivision
The Brainerd Subdivision is a rail line owned and operated by BNSF Railway. It runs from Staples, Minnesota where it connects with the Staples Subdivision to Carlton, Minnesota and the Lakes Subdivision, about 150 miles (240 km) in length.

The line was initially built by Northern Pacific Railway with service commencing in about 1911. In 1970, the Northern Pacific merged with other railroads to form the Burlington Northern Railroad. The company then merged with Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway (ATSF) in 1996 to form BNSF.

As of 2021 the rail line gets about seven trains daily, most of which are coal and one local that works Sunday and Wednesday. Speed limits along some parts of the line are a maximum of 49 mph.

Burlington Northern Railroad
The Burlington Northern Railroad (reporting mark BN) was an American–based class 1 railroad company formed from a merger of four major U.S. railroads. Burlington Northern operated between March 2, 1970 and December 31, 1996.

Its historical lineage begins in the earliest days of railroading with the chartering in 1848 of the Chicago and Aurora Railroad, a direct ancestor line of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, which lends Burlington, from Burlington, Iowa, to the names of various merger-produced successors.

Burlington Northern acquired the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway on December 31, 1996, to form the Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway (later renamed BNSF Railway), which was owned by the Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation. That corporation was purchased in 2009 by Berkshire Hathaway, which is controlled by investor Warren Buffett.
Einhorn–Brunner reaction
The Einhorn–Brunner reaction is the designation for the chemical reaction of imides with alkyl hydrazines to form an isomeric mixture of 1,2,4-triazoles.  It was initially described by the German chemist Alfred Einhorn in a paper, published in 1905, describing N-methylol compounds of amides.  In 1914 chemist Karl Brunner published a paper expanding on Einhorn's research of the reaction pictured below, thus resulting in the naming as the Einhorn-Brunner.  Substituted 1,2,4-triazole have been prepared from diverse imides and hydrazines.

Imide
In organic chemistry, an imide is a functional group consisting of two acyl groups bound to nitrogen. The compounds are structurally related to acid anhydrides, although imides are more resistant to hydrolysis. In terms of commercial applications, imides are best known as components of high-strength polymers, called polyimides. Inorganic imides are also known as solid state or gaseous compounds, and the imido group (=NH) can also act as a ligand.
Scotinella redempta
Scotinella redempta is a species of true spider in the family Phrurolithidae, found in the eastern United States and Canada. It has a reddish-brown cephalothorax, and an abdomen with alternating patterns of light and dark spots and stripes. While little is known about the species biology, it is associated with deciduous forests, where it is most commonly found through sifting leaf litter.

Araneomorphae
The Araneomorphae (also called the Labidognatha or "true spiders") are an infraorder of spiders. They are distinguishable by chelicerae (fangs) that point diagonally forward and cross in a pinching action, in contrast to those of Mygalomorphae (tarantulas and their close kin), which point straight down. Araneomorphs comprise the vast majority (about 92%) of living spiders.
Edmund de Unger
Edmund Robert Anthony de Unger (Hungarian: Ödön Antal Robert de Unger, 6 August 1918, Budapest – 25 January 2011, Ham, London, UK) was a Hungarian-born property developer and art collector. In London he built up the Keir Collection, one of the greatest post-war collections of Islamic art,  bequeathed in 2008 to the Pergamon Museum of Islamic Art in Berlin. The arrangement for the museum to curate the collection came to an end in July 2012. The collection is now hosted by the Dallas Museum of Art as of May 2014 for a 15-year renewable loan.

Dallas Museum of Art
The Dallas Museum of Art (DMA) is an art museum located in the Arts District of downtown Dallas, Texas, along Woodall Rodgers Freeway between St. Paul and Harwood. In the 1970s, the museum moved from its previous location in Fair Park to the Arts District. The new building was designed by Edward Larrabee Barnes and John MY Lee Associates, the 2007 winner of the American Institute of Architects Gold Medal. The construction of the building spanned in stages over a decade.

The museum collection is made up of more than 24,000 objects, dating from the third millennium BC to the present day. It is known for its dynamic exhibition policy and educational programs. The Mildred R. and Frederick M. Mayer Library (the museum's non-circulating research library) contains over 50,000 volumes available to curators and the general public. With 159,000 square feet (14,800 m2) of exhibition spaces, it is one of the largest art museums in the United States.
Bowral High School
Bowral High School is a government-funded co-educational comprehensive secondary day school, located in Bowral, a town in the Southern Highlands region of New South Wales, Australia.

Established in 1930 as a tribute to the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) of World War I, the school caters for approximately 850 students from Year 7 to Year 12, of whom five percent identified as Indigenous Australians and twelve percent were from a language background other than English. The school district includes Bowral, East Bowral, Mittagong, Colo Vale, and Hill Top. The school is operated by the New South Wales Department of Education; and the current principal is Jason Conroy.

Department of Education (New South Wales)
The New South Wales Department of Education, a department of the Government of New South Wales, is responsible for the delivery and co-ordination of early childhood, primary school, secondary school, vocational education, adult, migrant and higher education in the state of New South Wales, Australia.

The department was preceded by the Board of National Education and Council of Education, and has been formerly known by a number of names, including Department of Public Instruction, the Department of Education and Training (DET) between December 1997 and April 2011, and the Department of Education and Communities (DEC) between April 2011 and July 2015.

The department's powers are principally drawn from the Education Act, 1990  (NSW).
1969–70 City Cup
The 1969–70 City Cup was the 65th edition of the City Cup, a cup competition in Northern Irish football.

The tournament was won by Glentoran for the 13th time after they defeated Bangor 7–1 in the final at Windsor Park.

For the first time in its history, the City Cup was not run as a league table with all clubs playing each other once - the 12 clubs were split into two sections with the two section winners playing each other in the final.

Bangor F.C.
Bangor Football Club is a semi-professional Northern Irish football club playing in the NIFL Premiership. The club, founded in 1918, hails from Bangor and plays its home matches at Clandeboye Park. Club colours are gold and royal blue.
Lupe Wong Won't Dance
Lupe Wong Won't Dance, also published as Lupe Wong No Baila, is a middle-grade sports novel written by Donna Barba Higuera. The book was illustrated by Mason London, translated to Spanish by Libia Brenda, and published on September 8, 2020 by Levine Querido. It is a Junior Library Guild selection, a Pura Belpré Award honor book, and PNBA Book Award winner.

Pura Belpré Award
The Pura Belpré Award is a recognition presented to a Latino or Latina author and illustrator whose work best portrays the Latino cultural experience in a work of literature for children or youth. It was established in 1996. It was given every other year since 1996 until 2009 when it was changed to be given annually.

The award is named in honor of Pura Belpré, the first Latina librarian from the New York Public Library. As a children's librarian, storyteller, and author, she enriched the lives of Latino children through her pioneering work of preserving and disseminating Puerto Rican folklore.

The award is given by the Association for Library Service to Children (ALSC), a division of the American Library Association (ALA), and the National Association to Promote Library and Information Services to Latinos and the Spanish-Speaking (REFORMA).
Douglas Santos (footballer, born 1994)
Douglas dos Santos Justino de Melo (Russian: Дуглас До Сантос Жустино Де Мело; born 22 March 1994), known as Douglas Santos or simply Douglas (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈdowglɐs ˈsɐ̃tʊs]), is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Russian Premier League club Zenit Saint Petersburg and the Brazil national team.

2020–21 Russian Premier League
The 2020–21 Russian Premier League（known as the Tinkoff Russian Premier League, also written as Tinkoff Russian Premier Liga for sponsorship reasons）was the 29th season of the premier football competition in Russia since the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the 19th under the current Russian Premier League name.
August Rebellion
The August Rebellion was an uprising on August 29, 1974, at the Bedford Hills Correctional Facility for Women, a New York State prison in Bedford Hills in the Town of Bedford, Westchester County, New York, United States. In August 1974, about 200 women imprisoned at Bedford Hills rebelled, taking over parts of the prison, in protest of the inhumane treatment of Carol Crooks. A subsequent civil-action lawsuit, ruled in the inmates' favor, led to greater protections of Fourth Amendment (due process) rights for incarcerated people.

Bedford (town), New York
Bedford is an incorporated town in Westchester County, New York, United States. The population was 17,309 at the 2020 census.

Bedford is located in the northeastern part of Westchester County and contains the three hamlets of Bedford Hills, Bedford, and Katonah.
2017–18 NOJHL season
The 2017–18 NOJHL season was the 40th season of the Northern Ontario Junior Hockey League (NOJHL).

Matthew Neault of the Rayside Balfour Canadians set a league record for the most regular season games played with 268 over the course of his NOJHL career, which spanned from 2013–2018. The previous record of 243 was set by Chris Pontes of the Sudbury Jr. Wolves in 2009–10.

Giordano Finoro of the Rayside Balfour Canadians became the 3rd player in league history to score 3 shorthanded goals in a single game. The other players to do so were Rob Demers of the Elliot Lake Vikings and Denis Castonguay of the Rayside Balfour Canadians in the 1983–84 season.

The franchise formerly known as the Iroquois Falls Eskis relocated to the Town of Hearst, Ontario and were rebranded as the Hearst Lumberjacks.

2009–10 NOJHL season
The 2009–10 NOJHL season is the 32nd season of the Northern Ontario Junior Hockey League (NOJHL). The eight teams of the East and West Divisions will play 50-game schedules.

Come February, the top teams of each division will play down for the Copeland-McNamara Trophy, the NOJHL championship.  The winner of the Copeland-McNamara Trophy will compete in the Central Canadian Junior "A" championship, the Dudley Hewitt Cup.  If successful against the winners of the Ontario Junior Hockey League and Superior International Junior Hockey League, the champion would then move on to play in the Canadian Junior Hockey League championship, the 2010 Royal Bank Cup.
Morlaix–Ploujean Airport
Morlaix–Ploujean Airport (French: Aéroport de Morlaix–Ploujean; Breton: Aerborzh Morleiz-Plouja) (IATA: MXN, ICAO: LFRU) is an airport located 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) northeast of Morlaix, a commune of the Finistère department in the Brittany (French, Bretagne) region of France. The airport is located in the former commune of Ploujean.

Brit Air, a regional airline, had its head office on the grounds of the airport. In 2013, the airline merged into HOP!

Air France Hop
Air France Hop, formerly branded HOP!, is a French regional airline operating flights on behalf of its parent company Air France. The airline was founded on 21 December 2012 after the merger of Airlinair, Brit Air and Régional brands. Its head office is at Nantes Atlantique Airport.
Adrian Crowley
Adrian Crowley is a singer, composer, songwriter, lyricist from Galway, based in Dublin and born in Sliema, Malta.

Crowley has released eight albums to date, with his debut A Strange Kind arriving in 1999. He followed this with When You Are Here You Are Family (2002), A Northern Country (2004),  Long Distance Swimmer (2007), Season of the Sparks (2009) and "I See Three Birds Flying" (2012)
In a 2005 Rolling Stone interview, Ryan Adams cited Crowley when asked "Who's the best songwriter that no one's heard of". The Irish Times placed this artist at number eight in a list of "The 50 Best Irish Acts Right Now" published in April 2009.

Crowley has won the Choice Music Prize for Irish Album of the Year on one occasion for Season of the Sparks and been nominated on two another occasion for Long Distance Swimmer and "I See Tree Birds Flying".

Bill Callahan (musician)
William Rahr Callahan (born June 3, 1966) is an American singer-songwriter, who has also recorded and performed under the band name Smog. Callahan began working in the lo-fi genre, with home-made tape-albums recorded on four-track tape recorders. Later he began releasing albums with the label Drag City, to which he remains signed today.
Verticillium nonalfalfae
Verticillium nonalfalfae is a soilborne fungus in the order Hypocreales. It causes verticillium wilt in some plant species, including Ailanthus altissima. The fungus produces a resting mycelium characterized by brown-pigmented hyphae. It is most closely related to V. dahliae and V. alfalfae.

Hypocreales
The Hypocreales are an order of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes.

In 2008, it was estimated that it contained some 237 genera, and 2647 species in seven families. Since then, a considerable number of further taxa have been identified, including an additional family, the Stachybotryaceae. 
Wijayawardene et al. in 2020 added more families and genera to the order. According to the Catalog of Life, as of April 2021 the Hypocreales contains 6 families, 137 genera, and 1411 species. Hyde et al. (2020a) listed 14 families under Hypocreales, while, Wijayawardene et al. (2022) accepted 15 families in the order, where Cylindriaceae was additionally added. Earlier, Hyde et al. (2020a) had placed Cylindriaceae in class Xylariomycetidae. Samarakoon et al. (2022) agreed. Hence, Cylindriaceae should have been excluded from Hypocreales and placed in Xylariomycetidae. Xiao et al. (2022) recently introduced a new family Polycephalomycetaceae to Hypocreales.
Alkyne zipper reaction
The alkyne zipper reaction is an organic reaction of unsaturated hydrocarbons.   In the presence of an extremely strong base, a non-terminal alkyne isomerizes to a terminal alkynylide anion:

The reaction is an equilibrium reaction, and is driven by formation (and possibly precipitation) of the terminal anion.
The conversion proceeds for straight-chain alkynes and acetylinic ethers, and provides remote functionalization in long chains.

Zipper isomerization was first reported by Alexey Favorsky in 1887.

Alexey Favorsky
Alexey Yevgrafovich Favorsky (Russian: Алексе́й Евгра́фович Фаво́рский; 3 March [O.S. 20 February] 1860 – 8 August 1945), was a Russian and Soviet chemist and recipient of the Stalin Prize (1941) and the title Hero of Socialist Labour (1945).
Fakhereh Saba
Fakhereh Saba (Persian: فاخره صبا), (1920–2007) was the first female opera singer in Iran.

Saba was born in 1920, the daughter of a cousin of the Iranian musician Abolhasan Saba. She started her primary and musical education in Iran, and continued her higher education in France. She went to France in April 1947 and was accepted as one of the 20 students at the Conservatoire de Paris. A soprano, she performed the part of Suzuki in Giacomo Puccini's Madama Butterfly in the 1960s. She had a lot of notable students including Mansoureh Ghasri, Mohhamad Nouri and many others. Saba and her husband, Alireza Afzalipour, were founders of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman and Kerman University of Medical Sciences. She died in 2007.

Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Kerman University of Medical Sciences (KMU) is a medical university located in Kerman, Iran.

More than 125 undergraduate and postgraduate program degrees are taught in 10 schools including courses on dentistry, pharmacy, nursing and midwifery, public health, paramedics and allied medicine, Iranian traditional medicine and healthcare management and information. KMU has 6 campuses, including one in Zarand and Sirjan counties each.