hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Roger Horrell
Roger Horrell CMG, OBE (9 July 1935 – 21 May 2021) was a British diplomat and senior MI6 intelligence officer. He played a significant role in African affairs during decolonisation, most notably in the transition of Rhodesia to the independent state of Zimbabwe.

Decolonisation of Africa
The decolonisation of Africa was a series of political developments in Africa between the mid-1950s to 1975, during the Cold War. Colonial governments formed during the Scramble for Africa collapsed, giving way to sovereign states in a process characterised by violence, political upheaval, civil unrest, and organised revolts. Major events during the decolonisation of Africa include the Mau Mau rebellion, the Algerian War, the Congo Crisis, the Angolan War of Independence, the Zanzibar Revolution, and the events leading to the Nigerian Civil War.
Kalinite
Kalinite is a mineral composed of hydrated potassium aluminium sulfate (a type of alum).  It is a fibrous monoclinic alum, distinct from isometric potassium alum, named in 1868. Its name comes from kalium (derived from Arabic: القَلْيَه al-qalyah "plant ashes", which is the Latin name for potassium, hence its chemical symbol, "K".

A proposal to remove recognition of kalinite as a mineral species was submitted to the International Mineralogical Association; however, kalinite is still on the list of approved minerals.  Many older samples, however, have been found to be potassium alum.

Cubic crystal system
In crystallography, the cubic (or isometric) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube. This is one of the most common and simplest shapes found in crystals and minerals.

There are three main varieties of these crystals:

Primitive cubic (abbreviated cP and alternatively called simple cubic)

Body-centered cubic (abbreviated cI or bcc)

Face-centered cubic (abbreviated cF or fcc)

Note: the term fcc is often used synonymously for the cubic close-packed or ccp structure occurring in metals. However, fcc stands for a face-centered cubic Bravais lattice, which is not necessarily close-packed when a motif is set onto the lattice points. E.g. the diamond and the zincblende lattices are fcc but not close-packed.
Each is subdivided into other variants listed below. Although the unit cells in these crystals are conventionally taken to be cubes, the primitive unit cells often are not.
Rennsteig
The Rennsteig (German pronunciation: [ˈʁɛnʃtaɪk]) is a ridge walk as well as a historical boundary path in the Thuringian Forest, Thuringian Highland and Franconian Forest in Central Germany. The long-distance trail runs for about 170 km (110 miles) from Eisenach and the Werra valley in the northwest to Blankenstein and the Selbitz river in the southeast.

The Rennsteig is also the watershed between the river systems of the Weser, Elbe and Rhine. The catchment areas of all three river systems meet at the Dreistromstein ("Three Rivers Rock") near Siegmundsburg.

Central Germany (cultural area)
Central Germany (German: Mitteldeutschland [ˈmɪtl̩ˌdɔʏtʃlant] ⓘ) is an economic and cultural region in Germany. Its exact borders depend on context, but it is often defined as being a region within the federal states of Saxony, Thuringia and Saxony-Anhalt, or a smaller part of this region, such as the metropolitan area of Leipzig and Halle plus the surrounding counties.

The name dates from the German Empire, when the region was approximately in the centre of the country. Since the German Empire's eastern territories became part of Poland and Russia in the aftermath of World War II, "Central Germany" has been located east of the centre of the country, but the name is still often used in business, media and by the Central German Metropolitan Region. Against this background, the term is not or no longer to be understood as a geographic term.
Mount Miaofeng
Mount Miaofeng (Chinese: 妙峰山; pinyin: Miàofēng Shān; lit. 'Marvelous Peak Mountain') is a mountain in the northwestern Beijing, an extension of the Taihang Mountains. It is located in the Mentougou District of Beijing about 70 kilometers to the northwest of downtown Beijing.

Mount Miaofeng is culturally significant as a site of worship for the Taoist goddess Bixia Yuanjun (Chinese: 碧霞元君; pinyin: Bìxiá Yuánjūn) also known as the "Heavenly Jade Maiden" (Chinese: 天仙玉女; pinyin: Tiānxian Yùnǚ) who is associated with Mount Tai ("Empress of Mount Tai", Chinese: 泰山娘娘; pinyin: Tàishān Niangniang). Mount Miaofeng is the western terminus of a pilgrimage route from Beijing. The pilgrimage and the temple fair were held during the fourth month of the Chinese lunar calendar.

Mentougou, Beijing
Mentougou District (Chinese: 门头沟区; pinyin: Méntóugōu Qū) is a district of the city of Beijing. It is at the western part of the city. Spanning 1,321 square kilometres (510 sq mi), with 392,606 inhabitants (2020 Census), it is subdivided into 4 subdistricts and 9 towns. It borders the Beijing districts of Changping to the northeast, Haidian and Shijingshan to the east, Fengtai to the southeast, and Fangshan to the south, as well as Hebei province to the west and northwest.

It lies in the Western Hills of Beijing and is mountainous in terrain. In fact, the mountainous terrain—including a hundred or more peaks—occupy a stunning 93% of the entire area.
Coisopacana
Coisopacana (possibly from Quechua quysu, qhuysu a very long skirt, pakana hiding place) is a mountain in the Vilcabamba mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,176 metres (16,982 ft) high. It is located in the Cusco Region, La Convención Province, Vilcabamba District. Coisopacana lies southwest of Pumasillo, southeast of  Panta and north of the Apurimac River.

Vilcabamba mountain range
The Vilcabamba mountain range is located in the region of Cusco, Peru, in the provinces of Anta, La Convención and Urubamba. It extends between 13°10' and 13°27'S. and 72°30' and 73°15'W for about 85 km. Its highest peak is Salcantay, which is 6,271 m (20,574 ft) above sea level.
Battle of Gavere
The Battle of Gavere was fought at Semmerzake, near Gavere, in the County of Flanders (modern-day Belgium) on 23 July 1453, between the army of Philip the Good of Burgundy and the rebelling city of Ghent. The battle ended the Revolt of Ghent with a Burgundian victory.

Gavere
Gavere (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɣaːvərə] ⓘ) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of East Flanders. The municipality comprises the towns of Asper, Baaigem, Dikkelvenne, Gavere, Semmerzake and Vurste. In 2021, Gavere had a total population of 13,007. The total area is 31.35 km2.
On to Victory (song)
"On to Victory" is the recognized fight song for the University of New Hampshire, typically played by the UNH Wildcat Marching Band and UNH Pep Band. Originally titled "The Line Up", it was written by Florence V. Cole, class of 1912.

The most current version was arranged by Tom Keck, Director of Athletic Bands from 1998 to 2003. It is usually followed by "UNH Cheer." "New Hampshire Hymn" is the official fight song, but "On to Victory" is recognized due to its more traditional composition.

The song was rearranged by William Ericksen and used as the fight song for the Glastonbury High School football team in Connecticut in the 1980s.

Glastonbury High School
Glastonbury High School is a public, co-educational high school located in Glastonbury, Connecticut, United States.

As the only high school in Glastonbury, it serves around 2,000 students and employs around 150 faculty members. As of 2023, the school ranks 1,158th out of a possible 17,680 high schools nationally and is ranked 23rd out of a possible 198 high schools in Connecticut.
Expert report
An expert report is a study written by one or more authorities that states findings and offers opinions.

In law, expert reports are generated by expert witnesses offering their opinions on points of controversy in a legal case and are typically sponsored by one side or the other in a litigation in order to support that party's claims. The reports state facts, discuss details, explain reasoning, and justify the experts' conclusions and opinions.

In medicine, an expert report is a critical assessment of a medical topic, for example, an independent assessment of the cost–benefit ratio of a particular medical treatment.

As part of survey pretesting, an expert report (using the expert review method) identifies potential problems that could affect data quality and data collection by evaluating survey questionnaires and survey translations.

Questionnaire construction
Questionnaire construction refers to the design of a questionnaire to gather statistically useful information about a given topic. When properly constructed and responsibly administered, questionnaires can provide valuable data about any given subject.
Ed Stone Is Dead
Ed Stone Is Dead was a 2002 BBC sitcom starring Richard Blackwood, Daniel Brocklebank, Bill Paterson, and Claudie Blakley. It centers on Ed Stone (Blackwood) who is accidentally killed by the grim reaper Nigel (Paterson) and becomes half-dead.

The show ran for a single season with 13 episodes, each 30 minutes long.

It was later repeated on Trouble.

Claudie Blakley
Claudie Blakley (born 4 January 1974) is an English actress. She trained at the Central School of Speech and Drama. In 1998, she won the Ian Charleson Award for her performance in The Seagull at the West Yorkshire Playhouse in Leeds. She is best known for her role as Emma Timmins in the BBC drama series Lark Rise to Candleford.

Other notable roles include Mabel Nesbitt in Robert Altman's Oscar-winning Gosford Park and Charlotte Lucas in Joe Wright's 2005 version of Pride and Prejudice. In the autumn of 2007, she was seen in the BBC serial Cranford as Martha.

In 2010, Blakley played the role of Cynthia Lennon in the BBC television production of Lennon Naked, a drama based on the period in the life of John Lennon from the years 1964 to 1971. In 2013, she appeared in the premiere of the play Chimerica.
Mood Elevator
Mood Elevator is the second album by the Winder, Georgia-based singer-songwriter Jack Logan, recorded in conjunction with a group of musicians known as Liquor Cabinet. It was released on January 16, 1996, on both Medium Cool Records (a Twin/Tone imprint) and Restless Records. As of 1999, it had sold 12,000 copies.

Winder, Georgia
Winder (/ˈwaɪndər/, WYNE-dər) is a city and the county seat of Barrow County, Georgia, United States. It is located east of Atlanta and is part of Metro Atlanta. The population was 18,338 at the 2020 census.
Forests of Switzerland
The forests of Switzerland are located across much of the country, at elevations up to the tree line, which lies at about 2,000 metres above sea level. They cover 1.3 million hectares or 32% of Switzerland. The most wooded regions of the country are the massifs of the Jura and the Alps. The diversity of the climate in Switzerland favors both deciduous and coniferous forests.

Jura Mountains
The Jura Mountains (/ˈdʒʊərə, ˈʒʊərə/ JOOR-ə, ZHOOR-ə) are a sub-alpine mountain range, a short distance north of the Western Alps, and mainly demarcate a long part of the French–Swiss border. While the Jura range proper ("folded Jura", Faltenjura) is located in France and Switzerland, the range continues northeastwards through northern Switzerland and Germany as the Table Jura ("not folded Jura", Tafeljura), which is crossed by the High Rhine.
Midpoint theorem (triangle)
The midpoint theorem, midsegment theorem, or midline theorem states that if the midpoints of two sides of a triangle are connected, then the resulting line segment will be parallel to the third side and have half of its length. The midpoint theorem generalizes to the intercept theorem, where rather than using midpoints, both sides are partitioned in the same ratio.

The converse of the theorem is true as well. That is if a line is drawn through the midpoint of triangle side parallel to another triangle side then the line will bisect the third side of the triangle.

The triangle formed by the three parallel lines through the three midpoints of sides of a triangle is called its medial triangle.

Q.E.D.
Q.E.D. or QED is an initialism of the Latin phrase quod erat demonstrandum, meaning "that which was to be demonstrated". Literally, it states "what was to be shown". Traditionally, the abbreviation is placed at the end of mathematical proofs and philosophical arguments in print publications, to indicate that the proof or the argument is complete.
Schøyen
Schøyen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carl Schøyen (1877–1951) Norwegian author

Erna Schøyen (1887–1968) Norwegian actress

Hege Schøyen (born 1957), Norwegian singer, actor, and comedian

Martin Schøyen (born 1940), Norwegian businessman, historian, and book collector

Per G. Schøyen (1924–2017), Norwegian diplomat

Rolf Schøyen (born 1936) Norwegian physician and medical microbiologist

Thor Hiorth Schøyen (1885–1961) First curator of the Oslo Zoological Museum in 1908

Wilhelm Maribo Schøyen (1844–1918) Norwegian entomologist

Carl Schøyen
Carl Schøyen (6 July 1877 – 5 March 1951) was a Norwegian poet and non-fiction writer. He was born in Kristiansand, and his family later moved to Kristiania. A summer with his uncle at Skomvær Lighthouse at Røst was influential for his later literary career. He made his literary debut in 1895 with the poetry collection Melodier. Among his other books are Tre stammers møte from 1918, and I Sameland from 1924. He argued for the preservation of nature, including protection of the common eider and eagles, and of the forests of Pasvikdalen. He was decorated Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 1948.
Svetozar Koljević
Svetozar Koljević (Serbian Cyrillic: Светозар Кољевић; 9 September 1930 – 29 May 2016) was a Serbian author, historian, translator, and professor, member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts and Academy of Sciences and Arts of the Republika Srpska. He was the elder brother of Nikola Koljević. His studies focused on South Slavic epic poetry.

Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
The Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (Latin: Academia Scientiarum et Artium Serbica; Serbian: Српска академија наука и уметности, САНУ, romanized: Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti, SANU) is a national academy and the most prominent academic institution in Serbia, founded in 1841 as Society of Serbian Letters (Serbian: Друштво србске словесности, ДСС, romanized: Društvo srbske slovesnosti, DSS).

The Academy's membership has included Nobel laureates Ivo Andrić, Leopold Ružička, Vladimir Prelog, Glenn T. Seaborg, Mikhail Sholokhov, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, and Peter Handke as well as, Josif Pančić, Jovan Cvijić, Branislav Petronijević, Vlaho Bukovac, Mihajlo Pupin, Nikola Tesla, Milutin Milanković, Mihailo Petrović-Alas, Mehmed Meša Selimović, Danilo Kiš, Paja Jovanović, Dmitri Mendeleev, Victor Hugo, Leo Tolstoy, Jacob Grimm, Antonín Dvořák, Henry Moore and many other scientists, scholars and artists of Serbian and foreign origin.
West Virginia Legislature
The West Virginia Legislature is the state legislature of the U.S. state of West Virginia. A bicameral legislative body, the legislature is split between the upper Senate and the lower House of Delegates. It was established under Article VI of the West Virginia Constitution following the state's split from Virginia during the American Civil War in 1863. As with its neighbor and former constituent Virginia General Assembly, the legislature's lower house is also referred to as a "House of Delegates."

The legislature convenes in the State Capitol building in Charleston.

Upper house
An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house. The house formally designated as the upper house is usually smaller and often has more restricted power than the lower house. A legislature composed of only one house (and which therefore has neither an upper house nor a lower house) is described as unicameral.
Life of the Infamous: The Best of Mobb Deep
Life of the Infamous: The Best of Mobb Deep is the greatest hits album from Queensbridge rap duo Mobb Deep, made up of rappers Prodigy and Havoc. It contains songs dating back to their 1993 debut album, Juvenile Hell, through their 2004 album, Amerikaz Nightmare. No Blood Money songs are on the album since those tracks are owned by Universal Music Group, not Sony Music Entertainment, the label that released this album. The disc includes "Blood Money" and "Go Head," two previously unreleased tracks. "Keep It Thoro" is the only song featured on a non-Mobb Deep album (Prodigy's H.N.I.C.).

Mobb Deep
Mobb Deep were an American hip-hop duo formed in Queens, New York, in 1990. Consisting of rappers/songwriters/record producers Prodigy and Havoc, they are considered to be among the most influential artists in East Coast hip-hop. Mobb Deep are one of the most successful rap duos of all time, having sold over three million records. Their best-known albums are The Infamous (1995), Hell on Earth (1996) and Murda Muzik (1999), and their most successful singles were "Shook Ones, (Part II)" and "Survival of the Fittest". They were known for their dark and hardcore delivery.

The duo briefly disbanded in 2012, but reunited the next year.
Prodigy died in June 2017.
Cameron Toll
Cameron Toll is a suburb located to the south of Edinburgh, Scotland. 
Originally it was the site of a toll house built in the early 19th century, which was located on a stretch of road between Edinburgh and Dalkeith. Today the area is home to Cameron Toll Shopping Centre, which opened in 1984. The meaning of the name Cameron is suggested to be 'crooked hill', derived from the Scots Gaelic 'cam', crooked, and Old Irish 'brun' meaning hill, believed to refer to Arthur's Seat clearly visible nearby; the original name may have been Pictish. There are a few small housing estates to the east of the area.

Cameron Toll is 2 miles from Edinburgh city centre, 2 miles from the Edinburgh City Bypass and is served by many bus services to and from Edinburgh and Midlothian. It is close to The Grange and Newington and the area called The Inch.

Midlothian
Midlothian (/mɪdˈloʊðiən/; Scottish Gaelic: Meadhan Lodainn) is registration county, lieutenancy area and one of 32 council areas of Scotland used for local government. Midlothian lies in the east-central Lowlands, bordering the City of Edinburgh council area, East Lothian and the Scottish Borders. The modern council area was formed in 1975 when the historic county of Midlothian, also known as Edinburghshire, was altered substantially as part of local government reforms; its southern part formed a new Midlothian District within the Region of Lothian, whilst areas on the peripheries were assigned to other districts and the city of Edinburgh, which had always been autonomous to an extent, was formally separated as the City of Edinburgh District. In 1996 Midlothian became a unitary authority area, using the same name and territory as in 1975.
Costa Rica at the 2019 Pan American Games
Costa Rica competed in the 2019 Pan American Games in Lima, Peru from July 26 to August 11, 2019.

On 11 July 2019, the Costa Rican Olympic Committee officially named a team of 85 athletes (44 women and 41 men) competing in 24 sports.

During the opening ceremony of the games, footballer Shirley Cruz carried the flag of the country as part of the parade of nations.

At this edition of the games, Costa Rica won five medals, the second best performance for the country at a single edition of the games (the best performance being the 11 medals won in 1987).

Shirley Cruz
Shirley Cruz Traña (born 28 August 1985) is a retired Costa Rican professional footballer who played as a midfielder. A creative midfielder who often acts as a deep-lying playmaker, Cruz is the second-ever female footballer behind Gabriela Trujillo from Costa Rica to play in Europe when she joined Lyon in 2005.
George Probert (MP)
Sir George Probert DL (c. 1617 – 6 January 1677), of Pant glas, Raglan, Monmouthshire, was a Welsh politician.

He was the only son of Henry Probert of Pant Glas. He was knighted in 1643.

He was appointed a Deputy Lieutenant of Monmouthshire and served as such from 1660 to his death.

He was a member (MP) of the parliament of England for Monmouth Boroughs from 1661 to 1677.

He married Magdalen, the daughter of Sir Charles Williams of Llangibby. They had 2 sons and 3 daughters.

Monmouth Boroughs
Monmouth Boroughs (also known as the Monmouth District of Boroughs) was a parliamentary constituency consisting of several towns in Monmouthshire. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliaments of England, Great Britain, and finally the United Kingdom; until 1832 the constituency was known simply as Monmouth, though it included other "contributory boroughs".
16th Quebec Legislature
The 16th Legislative Assembly of Quebec was the provincial legislature in Quebec, Canada that existed from February 5, 1923, to May 16, 1927. The Quebec Liberal Party led by Louis-Alexandre Taschereau was the governing party.

Louis-Alexandre Taschereau
Louis-Alexandre Taschereau (French pronunciation: [taʃʁo]; March 5, 1867 – July 6, 1952) was the 14th premier of Quebec from 1920 to 1936. A member of the Parti libéral du Québec, Taschereau's near 16-year tenure remains the longest uninterrupted term of office among Quebec premiers.
Palaiochori, Elis
Palaiochori (Greek: Παλαιοχώρι) is a village in the municipal unit of Gastouni, Elis, Greece.  Palaiochori is situated in a flat rural area, 3 km from the Ionian Sea. It is 2 km west of Savalia, 4 km southeast of Gastouni, 3 km northwest of Roviata and 8 km northwest of Amaliada. The mouth of the river Pineios is near Palaiochori.

Ionian Sea
The Ionian Sea is an elongated bay of the Mediterranean Sea. It is connected to the Adriatic Sea to the north, and is bounded by Southern Italy, including Basilicata, Calabria, Sicily, and the Salento peninsula to the west, southern Albania (and western Apulia, Italy) to the north, and the west coast of Greece, including the Peloponnese.

All major islands in the sea, which are located in the east of the sea, belong to Greece. They are collectively named the Ionian Islands, the main ones being Corfu, Kefalonia, Zakynthos, Lefkada, and Ithaca.

There are ferry routes between Patras and Igoumenitsa, Greece, and Brindisi and Ancona, Italy, that cross the east and north of the Ionian Sea, and from Piraeus westward. Calypso Deep, the deepest point in the Mediterranean at 5,109 m (16,762 ft), is in the Ionian Sea, at 36°34′N 21°8′E﻿ / ﻿36.567°N 21.133°E﻿ / 36.567; 21.133. The sea is one of the most seismically active areas in the world.
Montemurlo
Montemurlo (Italian pronunciation: [ˌmonteˈmurlo]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Prato in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Florence and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) northwest of Prato. It has 19,059 inhabitants.

Montemurlo borders the following municipalities: Agliana, Cantagallo, Montale, Prato, Vaiano.

Province of Prato
The province of Prato (Italian: provincia di Prato) is one of the 80 ordinary provinces in Italy. Situated in the region of Tuscany, its capital and largest city is Prato. It was carved out as a separate province from the province of Florence in 1992.

Spread over an area of 365.72 km2 (141.21 sq mi), it is the smallest province by land area in Tuscany. It is bordered by Pistoia province, and the metropolitan cities of Bologna and Florence. The province is home to about 0.26 million people. There are seven comuni (municipalities) in the province.
Swimming at the 2025 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 400 metre individual medley
The women's 400 metre individual medley event at the 2025 World Aquatics Championships was held on 3 August 2025 at the World Aquatics Championships Arena at the Singapore Sports Hub in Kallang,  Singapore.

2025 World Aquatics Championships
The 2025 World Aquatics Championships, the 22nd edition of the World Aquatics Championships, were held in Singapore from 11 July to 3 August 2025. It was the first city in Southeast Asia to host the World Championships.