hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Adriano González León Biennial Novel Prize
The Adriano González León Biennial Novel Prize (in Spanish, Premio Bienal de Novela Adriano González León) was established in Venezuela 2004 to recognize living novelists who are either Venezuelan nationals residing in any country or foreign nationals residing in Venezuela. The prize was named in honor of the premier living Venezuelan novelist of the time, Adriano González León (1931–2008), the author of País Portátil (1968).

Three organizations collaborated to found the prize: the national branch of the international writers' guild, PEN, the business conglomerate Grupo de Empresas Econoinvest, and the publishing company Grupo Editorial Norma. Criteria for eligibility include that the novel be written in Spanish, has never been published, has never received a literary award, and is not already entered in another literary competition.

Grupo Editorial Norma
Grupo Editorial Norma is a book publishing company based in Colombia. It also operates several web portals.

Founded in 1960, Grupo Editorial Norma today operates in most Latin American countries and in Spain where it owns several publishing houses.
Grupo Editorial Norma is part of Carvajal Educacion, that is a section of the international company Carvajal S.A.
Vladimir Shevyakov
Vladimir Timofeyevich Shevyakov (Russian: Владимир Тимофеевич Шевяков; 29 October 1859, St. Petersburg – 18 October 1930, Irkutsk) publishing under the German spelling of his name as W. Shewiakoff, was a Russian biologist who worked on Protozoa, and a professor.

Shevyakov studied under Konstantin Mereschkowski in St. Petersburg and Otto Bütschli at the University of Heidelberg. He was married to Lydia Kovalevskaya, the youngest daughter of Alexander Kovalevsky. Shevyakov, together with Konstantin Arsenyev, was editor-in-chief of additional volumes of the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary. He was a  professor at St. Petersburg University until 1911 when he left science and became a vice-minister in the government of Tsar Nicholas. During the revolution he and his family moved first to Perm in Ural and in 1920 he became professor in Irkutsk.

He is mainly known for his work on Radiolaria, Ciliata and Acantharea. He described many taxa.

Acantharia
The Acantharia are a group of radiolarian protozoa, distinguished mainly by their strontium sulfate skeletons. Acantharians are heterotrophic marine microplankton that range in size from about 200 microns in diameter up to several millimeters. Some acantharians have photosynthetic endosymbionts and hence are considered mixotrophs.
Catholic Guardian Services
Catholic Guardian Services (CGS) is a  non-profit organization serving peoples of the disadvantaged population in the New York metropolitan area. It is sponsored by Catholic Charities of the Archdiocese of New York.

CGS provides services in child abuse, neglect prevention, foster care, maternity services, and developmental disabilities. As of Dec 2025, it has over 1000 employees across six offices and 34 residential facilities. CGS’s is supported by approximately 600 foster and adoptive parents.

The programs and services operate in cooperation with the Archdiocese of New York, the New York City government, the New York State government, education agencies, foundations, policymakers, and advocacy groups.

Neglect
In the context of caregiving, neglect is a form of abuse where the perpetrator, who is responsible for caring for someone who is unable to care for themselves, fails to do so. It can be a result of carelessness, indifference, or unwillingness and abuse.

Neglect may include the failure to provide sufficient supervision, nourishment, or medical care, or the failure to fulfill other needs for which the victim cannot provide themselves. The term is also applied when necessary care is withheld by those responsible for providing it from animals, plants, and even inanimate objects. Neglect can carry on in a child's life falling into many long-term side effects, including physical injuries, developmental trauma disorder, low self-esteem, attention disorders, violent behavior, and death.
Passer (river)
The Passer (German pronunciation: [pasɐ]; Italian: Passirio [pasˈsiːrjo]) is a 42.6-kilometre (26.5 mi) torrent in northern Italy, a left tributary of the Adige, whose entire course lies within South Tyrol. The stream rises near the Alpine pass between Italy and Austria known as the Timmelsjoch, and flows through the Passeier Valley where the most important settlement is St. Leonhard in Passeier. The river joins the Adige at Merano, where it is a significant site for competitive canoeing, beneath the Steinerner Steg.

Canoe
A canoe is a lightweight, narrow water vessel, typically pointed at both ends and open on top, propelled by one or more seated or kneeling paddlers facing the direction of travel and using paddles.

In British English, the term canoe can also refer to a kayak, whereas canoes are then called Canadian or open canoes to distinguish them from kayaks. However, for official competition purposes, the American distinction between a kayak and a canoe is almost always adopted. At the Olympics, both conventions are used: under the umbrella terms Canoe Slalom and Canoe Sprint, there are separate events for canoes and kayaks.
Thomas & Friends series 14
Thomas & Friends is a children's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor, and is based on The Railway Series books written by the Wilbert Awdry.

This article lists and details episodes from the fourteenth series of the show, which was first broadcast in 2010. This series was narrated by Michael Angelis for the UK audiences, while Michael Brandon narrated the episodes for the US audiences.

Michael Angelis
Nicolas Michael Angelis (29 April 1944 – 30 May 2020) was an English actor. He was best known for his television roles as Chrissie Todd in Boys from the Blackstuff, Martin Niarchos in G.B.H. and as the longest-running narrator of the British children's series Thomas & Friends from 1991 to 2012, as well as several other products and media related to the franchise.
Tangfang Township, Shaanxi
Tangfang Township (simplified Chinese: 汤坊乡; traditional Chinese: 湯坊鄉; pinyin: Tāngfāng Xiāng) is a township in west-central Shaanxi province, Northwest China, located more than 50 kilometres (31 mi) west of the provincial capital of Xi'an. It is under the administration of Xingping, 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) to the east-northeast.

Situated along a major east–west road connecting the provincial capital, Xi'an, to Baoji, Tangfang has regular transport links into Fufeng County.

It lies north of the Wei River yet is not on the floodplain.

Wei River
The Wei River (Chinese: 渭河; pinyin: Wèi Hé; Wade–Giles: Wei Ho) is a major river in west-central China's Gansu and Shaanxi provinces. It is the largest tributary of the Yellow River and very important in the early development of Chinese civilization. In ancient times, such as in the Records of the Grand Historian, the river was called Wei Shui (渭水; Wèishuǐ; 'Wei water').

The total length of the Wei River is 818 km (508 mi), covering a drainage area of 135,000 km2 (52,000 sq mi). Some of the major tributaries include the Luo River, Jing River, Niutou River, Feng River and the Chishui River. In a direct line, it travels due east for 700 km (430 mi) before draining into the Yellow River at Tongguan County near the tri-provincial boundary between Shaanxi, Shanxi and Henan provinces, with a series of major cities along its course including Tianshui, Baoji, Xianyang, Xi'an and Weinan.
A4 motorway (Slovenia)
The A4 motorway (Slovene: avtocesta A4, Podravski krak) is a 33.4 km long motorway in Slovenia connecting Maribor and Gruškovje (at the Croatian border). It also connects the two principal cities of the Drava Statistical Region of Slovenia, Maribor and Ptuj. Construction began in 2007 and was completed in 2018.

Maribor
Maribor (UK: /ˈmærɪbɔːr/ MARR-ib-or, US: /ˈmɑːr-/ MAR-, Slovene: [ˈmáːɾibɔɾ] ⓘ; also known by other historical names) is the second-largest city in Slovenia and the largest city of the traditional region of Lower Styria. It is the seat of the Urban Municipality of Maribor and the Drava Statistical Region. Maribor is also the economic, administrative, educational, and cultural centre of eastern Slovenia.

Maribor was first mentioned as a castle in 1164, as a settlement in 1209, and as a city in 1254. Like most Slovene ethnic territory, Maribor was under Habsburg rule until 1918, when Rudolf Maister and his men secured the city for the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, which then joined the Kingdom of Serbia to form the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. In 1991 Maribor became part of independent Slovenia.

Maribor, along with the Portuguese city of Guimarães, was selected as the European Capital of Culture for 2012.
Mudi Sooda Mannan
Mudi Sooda Mannan (transl. Uncrowned monarch) is a 1978 Indian Tamil-language film produced and directed by R. Vittal, and written by Thooyavan. The film stars Jaishankar and Sridevi, with Y. Vijaya, Deepa, Sarath Babu, M. N. Nambiar, R. S. Manohar and S. A. Ashokan in supporting roles. It was released on 15 September 1978.

Unni Mary
Unni Mary (born 12 March 1962) is an Indian actress and producer who works mainly in Malayalam films. She has also worked in Telugu, Tamil, Hindi and Kannada films, where she used the screen name Deepa. Her career spanned from 1969 to 1992, during which she established a dual cinematic identity: as "Unni Mary," the relatable girl-next-door in Malayalam cinema, and as "Deepa," a symbol of modern style and glamour in Tamil and Telugu cinema.

She is noted for her performances in films such as Picnic, Johnny, Meendum Kokila, and Godfather.
Involutional melancholia
Involutional melancholia or involutional depression is a traditional name for a supposed psychiatric disorder which was thought to affect mainly elderly or late middle-aged people, often in association with paranoia.

As with other historical descriptions of melancholia, this diagnostic label is not recognized as a psychiatric disorder by the DSM-5, the American Psychiatric Association's (APA) classification and diagnostic tool.

American Psychiatric Association
38°52′47″N 77°01′30″W﻿ / ﻿38.879713°N 77.025061°W﻿ / 38.879713; -77.025061

The American Psychiatric Association (APA) is the main professional organization of psychiatrists and trainee psychiatrists in the United States, and the largest psychiatric organization in the world. It has more than 39,200 members who are involved in psychiatric practice, research, and academia representing a diverse population of patients in more than 100 countries. The association publishes various journals and pamphlets, as well as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The DSM codifies psychiatric conditions and is used mostly in the United States as a guide for diagnosing mental disorders.

The organization has its headquarters in Washington, D.C.
Nijūshiho
Nijūshiho or Niseishi, Nandan sho (二十四歩) (Japanese: Twenty-Four Steps) is an advanced kata practiced in Shotokan, Shitō-ryū, Chito-ryu, Ryūei-ryū, Shuri-ryū and Wadō-ryū karate.

The origin of Nijūshiho is unknown, but it is presumed that it originates from the Aragaki group like Sochin and others. This is shown through the similarity to Unsu. In introducing karate from Okinawa to Japan, Gichin Funakoshi changed the name of the kata from Niseishi to Nijūshiho. Both names mean "Twenty-Four Steps."

This kata is also practiced in Tang Soo Do and is called E Sip Sa Bo in Korean. Due to its difficulty, this kata is often reserved for advanced black belt level students. Like its Japanese and Okinawan counterparts, E Sip Sa Bo also translates to “Twenty-Four Steps.”

In Shuri-ryu this kata is taught to students achieving the rank of shodan.

Chitō-ryū
Chitō-ryū (千唐流) is a style of karate founded by Dr. Tsuyoshi Chitose (千歳 强直, Chitose Tsuyoshi), (1898-1984). The name of the style translates as: chi (千) - 1,000; tō (唐) - China; ryū (流) - style, school, "1,000 year old Chinese style." The character tō (唐) refers to the Tang dynasty of China. The style was officially founded in 1946.

Chitō-ryū is generally classified as a Japanese style because Chitose formulated and founded Chitō-ryū principally while living in Kumamoto, Japan. However, some modern practitioners feel it is better categorized as an Okinawan style given that its roots and techniques are firmly grounded in and derived from traditional Okinawan Tōde (唐手).  This belief is warranted since the style's founder, Tsuyoshi Chitose, received first the rank of Judan, in 1958, and then the rank of Hanshi, in 1968, from the Zen Okinawa Karate Kobudo Rengo Kai (All Okinawa Union of Karate-do and Kobu-do).
Glyptothorax kudremukhensis
Glyptothorax kudremukhensis is a species of catfish in family Sisoridae and was described by K.C. Gopi in 2007. It is endemic to the Western Ghats and only known from the Tunga River from inside the Kudremukh National Park. IUCN categorises the species as critically endangered. No subspecies are listed in the Catalogue of Life.

Catalogue of Life
The Catalogue of Life (CoL) is an online database that provides an index of known species of animals, plants, fungi, and microorganisms. It was created in 2001 as a partnership between the global Species 2000 and the American Integrated Taxonomic Information System. The Catalogue is used by research scientists, citizen scientists, educators, and policy makers. The Catalogue is also used by the Biodiversity Heritage Library, the Barcode of Life Data System, Encyclopedia of Life, and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. The Catalogue currently compiles data from 165 peer-reviewed taxonomic databases that are maintained by specialist institutions around the world. As of September 2022, the COL Checklist lists 2,067,951 of the world's 2.2m extant species known to taxonomists on the planet at present time.
Hric
Hric (Slovak pronunciation: [ɦrit͡s]) is a surname of Slovak origin. Its feminine counterpart is Hricová. Notable people with the surname include:

Erik Hric (born 1997), Slovak footballer

Filip Hric (born 1993), Czech canoeist

Klára Hricová (born 1999), Czech canoeist

Pavol Hric (born 1976), Slovak canoeist

Peter Hric (1965–2025), Slovak cyclist

Pavol Hric
Pavol Hric (born 1976) is a retired Slovak slalom canoeist who competed at the international level from 1994 to 2004, specializing initially in the K1 discipline and since 2001 in C2, where he was partnered by Roman Vajs. He competed in K1 internationally until 1998.

Hric won a gold medal in the C2 team event at the 2002 European Championships in Bratislava. He is also the junior world champion in the K1 event, a title he won in Wausau in 1994.

He has one World Cup victory, which he achieved in C2 with Vajs in 2002 in Tacen.
Marina Kuzmina
Marina Kuzmina  (born (1978-10-07)7 October 1978) is an Azerbaijani former volleyball player.

She was part of the Azerbaijan women's national volleyball team at the 1994 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship in Brazil. On club level she played with Yashiyurt.

Azerbaijan women's national volleyball team
The Azerbaijan women's national volleyball team (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan qadın milli voleybol komandası) is governed by the Azerbaijan Volleyball Federation (AVF) and represents Azerbaijan in international CEV and FIVB tournaments.
Wojciech Kurpiewski
Wojciech Sławomir Kurpiewski (16 February 1966 – 8 October 2016) was a Polish canoe sprinter who competed from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s. Kurpiewski was born in Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki.

Competing in two Summer Olympics, he won a silver medal in the K-2 500 m event at Barcelona in 1992.

Kurpiewski also won five medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with three silvers (K-2 500 m: 1993, K-4 500 m: 1987, K-4 1000 m: 1989) and two bronzes (K-2 500 m: 1989, K-4 1000 m: 1986). He died at the age of 50 on 8 October 2016.

ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships are an international event in canoe racing, one of two top-tier Summer Olympic sport events organized by the International Canoe Federation (the other being the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships). They are usually held every non-Olympic year and have officially included paracanoe events since 2010; paracanoe-specific editions of this event (named ICF Paracanoe World Championships) are usually held in Summer Paralympic years.

Prior to November 2008, canoe sprint was known as flatwater racing.
Wolf-Rüdiger Netz
Wolf-Rüdiger Netz (born 15 December 1950 in Schwerin) is a former football player from East Germany.

Netz began playing football at SG Dynamo Schwerin when he was eight years old and made his professional debut with SG Dynamo Schwerin in the DDR-Liga in the 1968-69 season. Netz joined BFC Dynamo during the summer of 1971. He became five times East German champion in a row with BFC Dynamo.

Netz won the silver medal with the East German Olympic team at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. Together with his teammates, he was awarded the Patriotic Order of Merit in bronze the same year.  The forward also won two caps for the East Germany national team.

Netz scored 112 goals in 265 league matches for the record champion BFC Dynamo. Nobody scored more goals for die Weinroten in the top division of East German football. Only Hans-Jürgen Riediger also managed to amass a three-digit number of goals for BFC Dynamo.

Patriotic Order of Merit
The Patriotic Order of Merit (German: Vaterländischer Verdienstorden, or VVO) was a national award granted annually in the German Democratic Republic (GDR). It was founded in 1954 and was awarded to individuals and institutions for outstanding contributions to the state and society in various areas of life.
Alfred Dockery House
Alfred Dockery House is a historic plantation house located near Rockingham, Richmond County, North Carolina.  It was built about 1840, and is a two-story, five-bay, brick dwelling with a low hipped roof in the Greek Revival style. The facade's brickwork is laid in Flemish bond. It rests on a brick foundation and has two ells.  The house was restored in 1951.  Also on the property are the contributing remains of an outbuilding and the remains of a water-powered mill.  It was the home of Congressman and brigadier general of the Tennessee State Militia Alfred Dockery (1797-1875).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Plantation house
A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole. Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas are known as quite grand and expensive architectural works today, though most were more utilitarian, working farmhouses.
Quintuple Coalition
The Quintuple Coalition refers to the electoral alliance of five revolutionary groups contesting in the 1979 Iranian Constitutional Convention election. The groups in coalition had Islamic and radical orientations. After the elections, the coalition sent an open letter to Ruhollah Khomeini and complained about "fraud".

Revolutionary
A revolutionary is a person who either participates in, or advocates for, a revolution. The term revolutionary can also be used as an adjective to describe something producing a major and sudden impact on society.
Simone Buitendijk
Simone Elisabeth Buitendijk is a Dutch academic and Deputy Vice-Chancellor and Provost of the University of Salford, England. Until 31 December 2023 she was the vice-chancellor of the University of Leeds. Her research considers women's health and innovations in education.

Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research
The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (Dutch: Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek, abbreviated TNO, "Dutch Organisation for Applied Scientific Research") is an independent statutory research organisation in the Netherlands that focuses on applied science. It conducts contract research, offers specialist consulting services, and grants licenses for patents and specialist software. TNO founds new companies to market innovations.
Serbian nobility conflict (1369)
The Serbian nobility conflict in 1369 was a conflict between two powerful sides of the Serbian nobility, one supporting magnate Nikola Altomanović, and one supporting the Mrnjavčević family in Macedonia and Greece. In 1369, a battle was fought between the two sides at the Kosovo field, ending in the decisive victory of King Vukašin, confirming his supremacy, which would last until 1371 battle of Maritsa.

Kosovo field
Kosovo field (Albanian: Fusha e Kosovës; Serbian: Косово поље, romanized: Kosovo polje, lit. 'Blackbird Field') is a large karst field, located in the middle part of Kosovo. It is mostly known for being the site of the Battle of Kosovo (1389) between the Balkan Alliance led by Lazar of Serbia and Ottoman armies led by Murad I, and many other battles.
Cosmopterix astrapias
Cosmopterix astrapias is a moth of the  family Cosmopterigidae. It is known from the United States (from Massachusetts and northwest Arkansas south to southern Florida, southern Texas and southern Arizona), Argentina (Salta and Tucumán), Costa Rica, Jamaica, Mexico (Tabasco) and Puerto Rico.

Tabasco
Tabasco, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Tabasco, is one of the 32 federal entities of Mexico. It is divided into 17 municipalities and its capital city is Villahermosa.

It is located in southeast Mexico and is bordered by the states of Campeche to the northeast, Veracruz to the west, and Chiapas to the south and the Petén department of Guatemala to the southeast. It has a coastline to the north with the Gulf of Mexico. Most of the state is covered in rainforest as, unlike most other areas of Mexico, it has plentiful rainfall year-round. The state is also home to La Venta, the major site of the Olmec civilization, considered to be the origin of later Mesoamerican cultures. It produces significant quantities of petroleum and natural gas.
The Wrong Door
The Wrong Door is a comedy sketch show, that first aired on BBC Three on 28 August 2008. The sketch show was set in a parallel universe, employing a mix of celebrity cameos, impractical locations and CGI visual effects. As such, it was initially produced under the working title of The CGI Sketch Show. The show contained strong language, adult humour and toilet humour.

Profanity
Profanity, also known as swearing, cursing, or cussing, is the usage of notionally offensive words for a variety of purposes, including to demonstrate disrespect or negativity, to relieve pain, to express a strong emotion (such as anger, excitement, or surprise), as a grammatical intensifier or emphasis, or to express informality or conversational intimacy. In many formal or polite social situations, it is considered impolite (a violation of social norms), and in some religious groups it is considered a sin. Profanity includes slurs, but most profanities are not slurs, and there are many insults that do not use swear words.

Swear words can be discussed or even sometimes used for the same purpose without causing offense or being considered impolite if they are obscured (e.g. "fuck" becomes "f***" or "the f-word") or substituted with a minced oath like "flip".