hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jagdfliegerführer Deutsche Bucht
Jagdfliegerführer Deutsche Bucht (Fighter Leader German Bight) was one of the primary divisions of the German Luftwaffe in World War II. It was formed in December 1939 at Jever for the defense of the German Bight. On 1 December 1943, the unit was redesignated Jagdfliegerführer 2 and subordinated to the 2. Jagddivision. The headquarters was located at Jever and from 1943 in Stade.

Jever
Jever (German pronunciation: [ˈjeːfɐ] ⓘ) is the capital of the district of Friesland in Lower Saxony, Germany. The name Jever is usually associated with a major brand of beer, Jever Pilsener, which is produced there. The city is also a popular holiday resort. Jever was granted city status in 1536. Unofficially Jever is sometimes referred to as Marienstadt (Maria city) in reference to Maria of Jever, the last independent ruler of the city.  The inhabitants of Jever are named Jeveraner ("Jeverans").
2015 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 2015 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 121st staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board in 1887. The championship ran from 30 April to 11 October 2015.

Kilmallock entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Na Piarsaigh in the semi-finals. Croom and Effin were relegated.

The final was played on 11 October 2015 at the Gaelic Grounds in Limerick, between Na Piarsaigh and Patrickswell, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Na Piarsaigh won the match by 1–22 to 4–12 to claim their third championship title overall and a first title in two years.

Adare's Willie Griffin was the championship's top scorer with 3–50.

Gaelic Grounds
The Gaelic Grounds, known for sponsorship reasons as the TUS Gaelic Grounds, is the principal GAA stadium in the city of Limerick in Ireland. Home to the Limerick hurling and football teams, it has a capacity of 44,023.
Dipple, Moray
Dipple (Scottish Gaelic: Diopal) is a village in the Parish of Speymouth, in Moray, Scotland, approximately 8 miles (13 km) east of Elgin and is located on the west bank of the River Spey. In medieval times Dipple was a parish in its own right and had a parish church dedicated to the Holy Ghost. This church is believed to have stood within the churchyard but no trace of it is now to be found there, although the graveyard may still be visited. A parson of Dipple is mentioned at the end of the twelfth century and, c.1208, the bishop of Moray used the parsonage revenues of Dipple, along with those of another parish (Rothven), to create a prebend within the cathedral at Elgin. The name Dipple is derived from the Gaelic word Diopal, meaning side of a hill.

River Spey
The River Spey (Scottish Gaelic: Uisge Spè) is a river in the northeast of Scotland. At 107 mi (172 km) it is the ninth longest river in the United Kingdom and the third longest and fastest-flowing river in Scotland.  It is an important location for the traditions of salmon fishing and whisky production in Scotland.
Seibu Department Stores
The Seibu Department Stores, Ltd. (株式会社西武百貨店, Kabushiki-gaisha Seibu Hyakkaten) is a Japanese department store. The first store to trade under the name opened its doors in 1949. Seibu is typical of Japanese department stores with a wide variety of stores doing business on several floors. The company is now a subsidiary of Sogo & Seibu Co., Ltd., owned by the U.S. investment fund Fortress Investment Group.

It was a member of the International Association of Department Stores from 1972 to 1990.

International Association of Department Stores
The International Association of Department Stores (IADS) is a retail trade association founded in 1928 by a group of department stores with the goal of introducing modern management methods derived from the scientific management movement to their retail format.
Population exchange between Poland and Soviet Ukraine
The population exchange between Poland and Soviet Ukraine at the end of World War II was based on a treaty signed on 9 September 1944 by the Ukrainian SSR with the newly-formed Polish Committee of National Liberation (PKWN). The exchange stipulated the transfer of ethnic Ukrainians who had Polish citizenship before September 17, 1939 to the Ukrainian SSR and of ethnic Poles and Jews who had Polish citizenship before September 17, 1939 (date of the Soviet Invasion of Poland) to post-war Poland, in accordance with the resolutions of the Yalta and Tehran conferences and the plans about the new Poland–Ukraine border. Similar agreements were signed with the Byelorussian SSR (see Population exchange between Poland and Soviet Belarus) and the Lithuanian SSR (see Population exchange between Poland and Soviet Lithuania); the three documents are commonly known as the Republican Agreements.

Polish Committee of National Liberation
The Polish Committee of National Liberation (Polish: Polski Komitet Wyzwolenia Narodowego, PKWN), also known as the Lublin Committee, was an executive governing authority established by the Soviet-backed communists in Poland at the later stage of World War II. It was officially proclaimed on 22 July 1944 in Chełm, installed on 26 July in Lublin and placed formally under the direction of the State National Council (Krajowa Rada Narodowa, KRN). The PKWN was a provisional entity functioning in opposition to the London-based Polish government-in-exile, which was recognized by the Western allies.[a] The PKWN exercised control over Polish territory retaken from Nazi Germany by the Soviet Red Army and the Polish People's Army. It was sponsored and controlled by the Soviet Union and dominated by Polish communists.
Maddy Ferguson
Madeleine "Maddy" Ferguson is a fictional character in the Twin Peaks franchise. She was created by the series creators David Lynch and Mark Frost and portrayed by Sheryl Lee. Introduced in the fourth episode of the first season, Maddy is the older cousin of Laura Palmer (also played by Lee) who comes to Twin Peaks to help her aunt and uncle cope with the death of their daughter. Over the course of the series, Maddy forms a close friendship with Donna Hayward (Lara Flynn Boyle) and James Hurley (James Marshall), Laura's closest friends, and assists them in their investigation into her death. Originally, she was not intended to be a part of the series but was created by David Lynch so that Lee could have a larger role in the series.

Lara Flynn Boyle
Lara Flynn Boyle (born March 24, 1970) is an American actress. She is known for playing Donna Hayward in the television series Twin Peaks (1990–1991). After appearing in Penelope Spheeris's comedy Wayne's World (1992), Boyle had a lead role in John Dahl's neo-noir film Red Rock West (1993), and in the psychological thriller The Temp (1993), followed by roles in Threesome (1994), Cafe Society (1995), Happiness (1998), and the villainous Serleena in Men in Black II (2002). From 1997 to 2003, she starred in the ABC series The Practice, for which she received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination.
3-Nitrooxypropanol
3-Nitrooxypropanol (abbreviated as 3-NOP or 3NOP, commercially known as Bovaer) is a synthetic organic compound with the formula HOCH2CH2CH2ONO2. It is the mononitrate ester of 1,3-propanediol and acts as an enzyme inhibitor that specifically targets methyl coenzyme M reductase (MCR), the enzyme that catalyzes the final step of methanogenesis in microbes living in the digestive system of ruminants, such as cows and sheep.

When added to the feed of ruminant animals, it significantly lowers methane emissions by inhibiting the activity of MCR without being incorporated into milk or meat. It causes a slight increase in feed conversion without affecting raw yields. Studies have demonstrated that methane output is lowered by 30%.

Feed conversion ratio
In animal husbandry, feed conversion ratio (FCR) or feed conversion rate is a ratio or rate measuring of the efficiency with which the bodies of livestock convert animal feed into the desired output. For dairy cows, for example, the output is milk, whereas in animals raised for meat (such as beef cows, pigs, chickens, and fish) the output is the flesh, that is, the body mass gained by the animal, represented either in the final mass of the animal or the mass of the dressed output.  FCR is the mass of the input divided by the output (thus mass of feed per mass of milk or meat). In some sectors, feed efficiency, which is the output divided by the input (i.e. the inverse of FCR), is used. These concepts are also closely related to efficiency of conversion of ingested foods (ECI).
Glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1-aminomutase
In enzymology, glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1-aminomutase (EC 5.4.3.8) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The enzyme converts its substrate, glutamate-1-semialdehyde into aminolevulinic acid.

This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically those intramolecular transferases transferring amino groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is (S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate 4,5-aminomutase. This enzyme is also called glutamate-1-semialdehyde aminotransferase.  This enzyme participates in porphyrin and chlorophyll biosynthesis.  It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of algae and plants. Its name is derived from the Greek words χλωρός (khloros, "pale green") and φύλλον (phyllon, "leaf"). Chlorophyll allows plants to absorb energy from light. Those pigments are involved in oxygenic photosynthesis, as opposed to bacteriochlorophylls, related molecules found only in bacteria and involved in anoxygenic photosynthesis.

Chlorophylls absorb light most strongly in the blue portion of the electromagnetic spectrum as well as the red portion. Conversely, it is a poor absorber of green and near-green portions of the spectrum. Hence chlorophyll-containing tissues appear green because green light, diffusively reflected by structures like cell walls, is less absorbed. Two types of chlorophyll exist in the photosystems of green plants: chlorophyll a and b.
Basic Red 18
Basic Red 18 is a cationic azo dye used for coloring textiles.  The chromophore is the cation, which contains many functional groups, but most prominently the quaternary ammonium center.

It is produced by azo coupling of 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyldiazonium cation with the quaternary ammonium salt derived from N-ethyl-N-(2-chloroethyl)aniline and trimethylamine.

Like many dyes, methods for the removal of Basic Red 18 from waste streams has received much attention.

Chromophore
A chromophore is the part of a molecule responsible for its color. The word is derived from Ancient Greek  χρῶμᾰ (chroma) 'color' and  -φόρος (phoros) 'carrier of'.
The color that is seen by our eyes is that of the light not absorbed by the reflecting object within a certain wavelength spectrum of visible light. The chromophore is a region in the molecule where the energy difference between two separate molecular orbitals falls within the range of the visible spectrum (or in informal contexts, the spectrum under scrutiny). Visible light that hits the chromophore can thus be absorbed by exciting an electron from its ground state into an excited state. In biological molecules that serve to capture or detect light energy, the chromophore is the moiety that causes a conformational change in the molecule when hit by light.
Michal Kohout
Michal Kohout (born 18 January 1996) is a Czech male track cyclist, representing Czech Republic at international competitions. He competed at the 2016 UEC European Track Championships in the team pursuit event.

2016 UEC European Track Championships
The 2016 UEC European Track Championships was the seventh edition of the elite UEC European Track Championships in track cycling and took place at the Velodrome de Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines in Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France, between 19 and 23 October. The event was organised by the European Cycling Union. All European champions were awarded the UEC European Champion jersey which may be worn by the champion throughout the year when competing in the same event at other competitions.

The 10 Olympic events (sprint, team sprint, team pursuit, keirin and omnium for men and women), as well as 12 other events were on the program for these European Championships. For the first time ever, the Madison was on the program for women.
Åmot IF
Åmot Idrettsforening is a Norwegian multisports club located in Åmot, Buskerud. It has sections for boxing, handball, football and cross-country skiing.

The football team being the most prominent, it played in the Second Division as late as 2007, but for the next season its first team merged with others to become Modum FK. Hence, Åmot's second team in the Fourth Division emerged as its new first team. In the 2008 season Åmot was runner up in Fourth Division and was promoted to Third Division. Åmot was relegated in 2009.

Norwegian Third Division
The Norwegian Third Division, also called Norsk Tipping-Ligaen, is the fourth highest division of the men's football league in Norway. Like the rest of the Norwegian football league system, the season runs from spring to autumn, running approximately from April to October. After the 2010 season, the league was reorganised, reducing the number of teams to 164 and halving the number of parallel sections from 24 to 12. After the 2016 season, the league was again reorganised, reducing the number of teams from 164 to 84, and halved the number of groups from twelve to six.

All six group winners promote to 2. divisjon, while the bottom four in all groups are relegated to 4. divisjon.
Mercedes Shirley
Mary Mercedes Shirley  (January 6, 1926 – January 29, 1999) was an American actress. She appeared in television programs including The Twilight Zone, 77 Sunset Strip, The Invaders, Alfred Hitchcock Presents and Gunsmoke. Shirley died in January 1999 of natural causes at her home in Sherman Oaks, California, at the age of 73.

The Invaders
The Invaders is an American science fiction television series created by Larry Cohen that aired on ABC for two seasons, from 1967 to 1968. Roy Thinnes stars as David Vincent,  who after stumbling across evidence of an in-progress invasion of aliens from outer space—the aliens disguising themselves as humans and gradually infiltrating human institutions—tries to thwart the invasion despite the disbelief of officials and the general public, and the undermining of his efforts by the aliens. The series was a Quinn Martin production.
Noravizafone desglycyl
Noravizafone desglycyl is a chemical compound that can act as both a prodrug and a synthetic precursor for the benzodiazepine derivative nordiazepam, as well as forming as a breakdown product of nordiazepam during storage under certain conditions. It is inactive in vitro but has similar effects to nordiazepam in vivo due to metabolic conversion to the active benzodiazepine form. It has been detected as a designer drug, first being identified in Germany in September 2024.

Prodrug
A prodrug is a pharmacologically inactive medication or compound that, after intake, is metabolized (i.e., converted within the body) into a pharmacologically active drug. Instead of administering a drug directly, a corresponding prodrug can be used to improve how the drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted (ADME).

Prodrugs are often designed to improve bioavailability when a drug itself is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. A prodrug may be used to improve how selectively the drug interacts with cells or processes that are not its intended target.  This reduces adverse or unintended effects of a drug, especially important in treatments like chemotherapy, which can have severe unintended and undesirable side effects.
EMDT
2-Ethyl-5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (EMDT), also known as 2-ethyl-5-MeO-DMT, is a tryptamine derivative which is used in scientific research. It acts as a selective 5-HT6 receptor agonist, with a Ki of 16 nM, and was one of the first selective agonists developed for this receptor. Its affinities for many other targets have also been reported. EMDT inhibits both short- and long-term memory formation in animal studies, and this effect can be reversed by the selective 5-HT6 antagonist SB-399,885. Additionally, it is active in the tail suspension test, suggesting that it could be an effective antidepressant.

Tail suspension test
The tail suspension test (TST) is an experimental method used in scientific research to measure stress in rodents. It is based on the observation that if a mouse is subjected to short term inescapable stress then the mouse will become immobile. It is used to measure the effectiveness of antidepressant-like agents but there is significant controversy over its interpretation and usefulness.
Jun-hyeok
Jun-hyeok, Joon-hyuk, or Jun-hyok is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Yang Joon-hyuk (born 1969), South Korean former baseball player and television personality

Lee Jun-hyeok (actor, born 1972), South Korean actor

Lee Joon-hyuk (actor, born 1984), South Korean actor

Park Jun-hyuk (born 1987), South Korean footballer

Jeon Jun-hyeok (born 2003), South Korean actor

Kwak Jun-hyeok, South Korean political scientist

Lim Junhyeok (born 1993) South Korean singer and keyboardist, formerly a member of Day6

Lee Jun-hyeok (actor, born 1972)
Lee Jun-hyeok (born March 19, 1972), also known as Lee Joon-hyuk, is a South Korean actor. He is known for his role in the popular television series Love in the Moonlight (2016) for which he won Best Supporting Actor at the 30th KBS Drama Awards.
Fenniarail
Fenniarail Oy is a private Finnish freight railway operator founded in 2009. The company was granted its operating certificate in 2015. In 2019, the company had a market share of less than two percent, with the state-owned VR Group having the rest of the market. The company operates using six class Dr18 diesel locomotives and three class Sr3 electric locomotives.

Operating certificate
Operating certificate is a category of license issued by a government agency allowing an individual or company to provide a controlled type of service.  These certificates are generally issued for a limited time period.  Certificates can have intrinsic value and in some cases can be sold.

The term can be used to describe the document issued to operate any of the following:

Airline; (known as an Air Operator's Certificate) the authority to operate an airline

Airport; in the United States, the authority to operate an airport

Adult care facility; generally issued by a local authority

Transportation company; generally issued by a local authority
2022 IBL Indonesia
The 2022 Indonesian Basketball League (or IBL Tokopedia for sponsorship reasons) was the seventh season since the re-branding by Starting5. After successfully implemented the "bubble" system in last year's season, IBL decided to return into the Series format with the supporters are returning into stadium. The season would be held with implementing strict health protocols that recommended by the government. The regular season began on 15 January 2022 and was suspended on 2 February 2022 until 3 March 2022, then the remaining series at the regular season in Yogyakarta, Solo, Surabaya, Denpasar, as well as the post season in Bandung has been cancelled as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The series return again to "bubble" after many players get COVID-19.

Tokopedia
PT Tokopedia is an Indonesian e-commerce company. Tokopedia is a subsidiary of GoTo, following a merger with Gojek on 17 May 2021. It is one of the most visited e-commerce platforms in Indonesia.

Tokopedia is one of Indonesia's unicorn companies, alongside Bukalapak, Gojek, OVO, and Traveloka.

As of December 2020, Tokopedia claims to have more than 350 million product listings and 42 digital products, and serves over 100 million monthly active users as well as over 9.7 million merchants on its platform.
2004 Beach Handball World Championships
The 2004 Beach Handball World Championships are a nine-team tournament in both men's and women's beach handball, held at El Gouna in Egypt in 2004. This were the first ever beach handball world championships held in history of the sport.  Matches are played in sets, the team that wins two sets is the winner of a match. When teams are equal in points the head-to-head result is decisive.

Beach handball
Beach handball is a team sport where two teams pass and bounce or roll a ball, trying to throw it in the goal of the opposing team. The game is similar to standard handball, but it is played on sand instead of on a solid floor. Because the ball loses most of its bounce on sand, there is little to no dribbling, and players instead perform more passing as the rules of travelling still apply.
Setques
Setques (French pronunciation: [sɛk]; West Flemish: Zetteke) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France about 8 miles (13 km) southwest of Saint-Omer, in the valley of the Aa river.

Aa (France)
The Aa (French pronunciation: [a]; Picard: Abbe) is a river in northern France that is 93 km (58 miles) long. Originating near the village of Bourthes and emptying into the North Sea near Gravelines, the Aa is located near the north-eastern limit of the English Channel. The Aa has been canalized for most of its length and forms much of the border between the regions of Pas-de-Calais and Nord.
Sekirei
Sekirei (セキレイ; lit. 'Wagtail') is a Japanese manga series by Sakurako Gokurakuin. The manga was serialized in Square Enix's seinen manga magazine Young Gangan between December 2004 and August 2015. A special epilogue volume to the manga was serialized in the same magazine from May 2017 to March 2018. An anime adaptation produced by Seven Arcs and directed by Keizō Kusakawa aired in Japan between July and September 2008, and a second season aired between July and September 2010. Both seasons were licensed in North America by Funimation, until their license expired in 2017. The central character of the series is Minato Sahashi, a ronin who has failed his college entrance examinations two years in a row. His life changes, however, when he meets several women with special powers called "Sekirei" and is dragged into a battle to possibly decide the fate of the world.

Kana Hanazawa
Kana Hanazawa (花澤 香菜, Hanazawa Kana; born February 25, 1989) is a Japanese actress and singer. A prolific voice performer in anime, she has amassed several film and television credits since her debut in 2003. She won the Seiyu Award for Best Supporting Actress in 2015, and won the Newtype Anime Awards for Best Voice Actress three times in 2015, 2017 and 2018.

Her debut single, "Hoshizora Destination" (星空☆ディスティネーション), was released on April 25, 2012, under the Aniplex/Sony Music Entertainment Japan label.