hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grenay, Pas-de-Calais
Grenay (French pronunciation: [ɡʁənɛ]; Picard: Guernay) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France. It is part of the arrondissement of Lens, the canton of Wingles and the Communaupole de Lens-Liévin. Its population was 6,799 in 2019. The current mayor is Christelle Buissette, elected in 2023.

Communauté d'agglomération de Lens – Liévin
The Communauté d'agglomération de Lens – Liévin is the communauté d'agglomération, an intercommunal structure, centred on the cities of Lens and Liévin. It is located in the Pas-de-Calais department, in the Hauts-de-France region, northern France. It was created in January 2000. It adopted the name Communaupole on June 25, 2004. Its area is 239.4 km2. Its population was 241,703 in 2018, of which 31,606 in Lens and 30,423 in Liévin.
Vanhoffen Bluff
Vanhoffen Bluff (53°0′S 73°21′E﻿ / ﻿53.000°S 73.350°E﻿ / -53.000; 73.350) is a rocky bluff (225 m) immediately east of Jacka Glacier on the north coast of Heard Island. It is named for Ernst Vanhöffen (1858–1918), a German zoologist, and a member of the Gauss expedition under the leadership of Erich von Drygalski (1865–1949). During its 1902 investigations of the area, Drygalski applied the name Kap Vanhoffen to a cliffed feature about 1.5 nautical miles (2.8 km) to the northwest, near The Sentinel. The ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions), during its 1948 survey of the island, transferred the Vanhoffen name to this bluff, reporting that no well-marked cape exists along the high cliffs to the northwest.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Vanhoffen Bluff". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions
The Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE /ænˈɑːri/ ann-AR-ee) is the historical name for the Australian Antarctic Program (AAP) administered for Australia by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD).
Vingeanne
The Vingeanne (French pronunciation: [vɛ̃ʒan]) is a river in France, a right tributary of the Saône, which in turn is a tributary of the Rhône.
It was the scene of an important battle during the Gallic Wars.
The river supplies water to the Canal entre Champagne et Bourgogne, a navigable waterway that connects the Marne and the Saône, and thus links Paris to the Mediterranean.

Lac de Villegusien
Lac de Villegusien (also known as Réservoir de la Vingeanne) is an artificial lake in Haute-Marne, France. Its surface area is 1.99 km2. The lake was built to fill the Canal entre Champagne et Bourgogne, connecting the Marne and the Saône rivers.

The Lac de Villegusien lies in the communes of Villegusien-le-Lac and Longeau-Percey.
North Witchford Rural District
52°22′19″N 0°10′59″E﻿ / ﻿52.372°N 0.183°E﻿ / 52.372; 0.183
North Witchford was a rural district in England from 1894 to 1974.  It was named after the ancient hundred of North Witchford.

It was formed in 1894 under the Local Government Act 1894 based on the North Witchford rural sanitary district.  It covered the parishes of Benwick, Doddington, Manea, Welches Dam and Wimblington.  From 1894 to 1965 it was part of the administrative county of the Isle of Ely, and then Cambridgeshire and Isle of Ely.

It was abolished in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, and went on to form part of the district of Fenland

Administrative counties of England
Administrative counties were subnational divisions of England used for local government from 1889 to 1974. They were created by the Local Government Act 1888 (51 & 52 Vict. c. 41), which established an elected county council for each area. Some geographically large historic counties were divided into several administrative counties, each with its own county council. The administrative counties operated until 1974, when they were replaced by a system of metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties under the Local Government Act 1972.
Graeme Devine
Graeme Devine is a computer game designer and programmer who co-founded Trilobyte, created bestselling games The 7th Guest and The 11th Hour, and helped design id Software's Quake III Arena. He was Chairman of the International Game Developers Association (IGDA) from 2002 to 2003. One of Graeme's trademarks is his Scooby-Doo wardrobe. He has said of his work that "I've not stuck to any one genre, platform or IP throughout my career, and I hope people eventually work out that's just fine."

Game design
Game design is the process of creating and shaping the mechanics, systems, rules, and gameplay of a game. Game design processes apply to board games, card games, dice games, casino games, role-playing games, sports, war games, or simulation games.

In Elements of Game Design, game designer Robert Zubek defines game design by breaking it down into three elements:

Game mechanics and systems, which are the rules and objects in the game.

Gameplay, which is the interaction between the player and the mechanics and systems. In Chris Crawford on Game Design, the author summarizes gameplay as "what the player does".

Player experience, which is how users feel when they are playing the game.

In academic research, game design falls within the field of game studies (not to be confused with game theory, which studies strategic decision making, primarily in non-game situations).
Cotes Mill
Cotes Mill is a Grade II listed 16th-century water mill on the banks of the River Soar in Cotes, Leicestershire. The first recorded mention of the mill was in the Domesday Survey in 1086.

In 2012 the building and grounds of Cotes Mill were bought by Paul J. O'Leary, designer and inventor of 
flatulence filtering products.  Cotes Mill now houses four of Mr O’Leary’s businesses including deVOL Kitchens and Shreddies Underwear.  It is also a vintage and antiques centre and furniture, underwear and clothing are made on site.

On January 6, 2020 Nicky Morgan was named as Baroness of Cotes, the hamlet near Loughborough, Leicestershire where Cotes Mill is located.

Shreddies Underwear
Shreddies Ltd. manufactures flatulence-filtering garments, produced in Leicestershire, England. British designer Paul J. O'Leary worked with researchers and lingerie designers from De Montfort University to launch the design in 2009. O'Leary is also the founder and Director of deVOL Kitchens and Floors of Stone.

The company name comes from a colloquial term for underwear that originated in the British Armed forces (see RAF slang).

The garments feature an activated carbon back panel that absorbs flatulence odours. Originally invented as healthcare underwear for people with conditions such as IBS, Crohn’s disease and food intolerances, the garments are now available in department stores around the UK and are marketed at everyone.

Shreddies Ltd. has developed the collection to include flatulence filtering underwear, pyjamas and jeans for both men and women, as well as incontinence underwear for all ages.
Daphne Odjig
Daphne Odjig, CM OBC RCA (September 11, 1919 – October 1, 2016), was a Canadian First Nations artist of Odawa-Potawatomi-English heritage. Her paintings are often characterized as Woodlands Style or as the pictographic style.

She was the driving force behind the Professional Native Indian Artists Association, colloquially known as the Indian Group of Seven, a group considered a pioneer in bringing First Nations art to the forefront of Canada's art world. She received a number of awards for her work, including the Order of Canada, the Governor General's Award and five honorary doctorates.

Governor General's Awards
The Governor General's Awards are a collection of annual awards presented by the governor general of Canada, recognizing distinction in numerous academic, artistic, and social fields.

The first award was conceived and inaugurated in 1937 by the Lord Tweedsmuir, a prolific writer of fiction and non-fiction; he created the Governor General's Literary Award with two award categories. Successive governors general have followed suit, establishing an award for whichever endeavour they personally found important. Only Adrienne Clarkson created three Governor General's Awards: the Governor General's Award in Visual and Media Arts, the Governor General's Northern Medal, and the Governor General's Medal in Architecture (though this was effectively a continuation of the Massey Medal, first established in 1950).
Eugen Taru
Eugen Taru (Romanian pronunciation: [e.uˈdʒen ˈtaru]; 1913 – 1991) was a Romanian graphic artist, best known for his work in the political cartoon, caricature, comic strip, and book illustration genres. Active throughout the communist period and first acknowledged as one among the young socialist realists promoted by the regime, Taru primarily associated with satirical magazines such as Urzica.

Recognized early on for his controversial involvement with the propaganda apparatus, he later focused on his work for children, and became one of the noted visual artists employed by the Editura Ion Creangă publishing house. Also known as art collectors, he and his wife Josefina donated one of the principal estates exhibited by the Museum of Art Collections. His own works are featured in several Romanian museums.

Illustration
An illustration is a decoration, interpretation, or visual explanation of a text, concept, or process, designed for integration in print and digitally published media, such as posters, flyers, magazines, books, teaching materials, animations, video games and films. An illustration is typically created by an illustrator. Digital illustrations are often used to make websites and apps more user-friendly, such as the use of emojis to accompany digital type. Illustration also means providing an example; either in writing or in picture form.

The origin of the word "illustration" is late Middle English (in the sense ‘illumination; spiritual or intellectual enlightenment’): via Old French from Latin illustratio(n-), from the verb illustrare.
De Haen
De Haen is a Dutch surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abraham de Haen (1707–1748), Dutch engraver

Anton de Haen (1704–1776), Austrian physician

David de Haen (1585–1622), Dutch painter and draughtsman

Abraham de Haen
Abraham de Haen (6 April 1707 in Amsterdam – 8 August 1748 in Amsterdam), also known as Abraham de Haan, was a Dutch draughtsman and engraver known particularly for his drawings of castles and manors. He was also a painter and poet.

He referred to himself as Abraham de Haen de Jongere (Abraham de Haen the Younger) to distinguish himself from his father, who was also called Abraham. This name also distinguishes him from the 17th-century painter Abraham de Haen the Elder.
Dan Cantor
Daniel Cantor is an American political organizer known for organizing labor and community figures to advocate for social democratic reforms in the Alinskyite Social Democrat tradition. He is most well known for being the co-founder and long-time leader of the Working Families Party (WFP), a social democratic and progressive third party in New York.

Electoral fusion in the United States
Electoral fusion in the United States is an arrangement where two or more United States political parties on a ballot list the same candidate, allowing that candidate to receive votes on multiple party lines in the same election.

Electoral fusion is also known as fusion voting, cross endorsement, multiple party nomination, multi-party nomination, plural nomination and ballot freedom.

Electoral fusion was once widespread in the U.S. and legal in every state. However, as of 2024, it remains legal and common only in New York and Connecticut.
Lake Harbor, Florida
Lake Harbor is a census-designated place (CDP) in Palm Beach County, Florida, United States. It is part of the Miami metropolitan area of South Florida despite being physically and culturally closer to the Florida Heartland. The population was 49 at the 2020 US census.

South Florida
South Florida, sometimes colloquially shortened to SoFlo, is the southernmost region of the U.S. state of Florida. It is one of Florida's three most commonly referred to directional regions; the two others are Central Florida and North Florida. South Florida is the southernmost part of the continental United States and the only region of the continental U.S. that includes some areas with a tropical climate.

South Florida is dominated by the Miami metropolitan area and the Everglades. It also contains the Florida Keys; three U.S. national parks: Biscayne, Dry Tortugas, and Everglades; and multiple cities.
Dixson Island
Dixson Island is a high ice-covered island, 19 km (10 nmi) long and 9 km (5 nmi) wide, at the west side of the mouth of Ninnis Glacier. It was discovered by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1911–14) under Douglas Mawson, who named it for Sir Hugh Dixson of Sydney, a patron of the expedition.

The northern point of Dixson Island is Cape Pollock.

Ninnis Glacier
Ninnis Glacier is a large, heavily hummocked and crevassed glacier descending steeply from the high interior to the sea in a broad valley, on George V Coast in Antarctica.

It was discovered by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1911–14) under Douglas Mawson, who named it for Lieutenant B. E. S. Ninnis, who lost his life on the far east sledge journey of the expedition on 14 December 1912 through falling into the Black Crevasse in the glacier.

The seawards extension of the glacier is the broad Ninnis Glacier Tongue (68°5′S 147°45′E﻿ / ﻿68.083°S 147.750°E﻿ / -68.083; 147.750). It was recorded (1962) as projecting seaward about 30 miles (50 km).
Sarah Pucill
Sarah Pucill is a London-based film artist. Her work is distributed by LUX, London and LightCone, Paris. She is a Reader at University of Westminster. Central to her work is "a concern with mortality and the materiality of the filmmaking process". Much of her work appears within the restrictions of domestic spaces. In her "explorations of the animate and inanimate, her work probes a journey between mirror and surface".

LUX (British film company)
LUX is the principal centre for the promotion and distribution of experimental film and video works in the UK.

It has one of the largest collections of experimental film and video art and houses works of approximately 1500 artists. It was formed in the 1990s in the merger of the London Film-Makers' Co-op and the original London Video Arts (later variously named London Video Access and London Electronic Arts).

LUX Scotland was established in 2014 and is based in Glasgow.

LUX Online was a project developed between 2004 and 2009 to provide a web resource for exploring British based artists' film and video in-depth.
1987 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 400 metres
These are the official results of the Women's 400 metres event at the 1987 IAAF World Championships in Rome, Italy. There were a total number of 41 participating athletes, with six qualifying heats and the final held on 31 August 1987.

1987 World Championships in Athletics
The 2nd World Championships in Athletics (Italian: Campionati del mondo di atletica leggera 1987) under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations were held in the Stadio Olimpico in Rome, Italy between August 28 and September 6, 1987.
Portrait of Marc Isambard Brunel
The  Portrait of Marc Isambard Brunel is a portrait painting by the English artist James Northcote depicting the French-born British engineer Marc Isambard Brunel. Brunel was a pioneering engineer of the Regency era known particularly for his creation of a block-making machine during the Napoleonic Wars and his later construction of the Thames Tunnel, a project which also involved his son Isambard Kingdom Brunel.

Northcote was a member of the Royal Academy and established portraitist. It was exhibited at the academy's Summer Exhibition in 1814. He was paid twenty guineas for the portrait, which was commissioned by Thomas Mudge, Brunel's business partner and the brother-in-law of his wife.

The work shows Brunel in a velvet coat with a model of one of his block-making machines in the background. Today it is part of the collection of the National Portrait Gallery in London having been donated by the sitter's grandson Henry Marc Brunel in 1895.

Marc Isambard Brunel
Sir Marc Isambard Brunel (/bruːˈnɛl/, French: [maʁk izɑ̃baʁ bʁynɛl]; 25 April 1769 – 12 December 1849) was a French-British engineer who is most famous for the work he did in Britain. He constructed the Thames Tunnel, the world's first underwater tunnel, and was the father of Isambard Kingdom Brunel.

Born in France, Brunel fled to the United States during the French Revolution. In 1796, he was appointed Chief Engineer of New York City. He moved to London in 1799, where he married Sophia Kingdom. In addition to the construction of the Thames Tunnel, his work as a mechanical engineer included the design of machinery to automate the production of pulley blocks for the Royal Navy.

Brunel preferred the given name Isambard, but is generally known to history as Marc to avoid confusion with his more famous son. In 1841, Marc was knighted by the young Queen Victoria in anticipation of his successful completion of the Thames Tunnel.
2027 in spaceflight
This article documents expected notable spaceflight events during the year 2027.

In 2027, NASA is expected to launch the Artemis III mission, which will land astronauts near the south pole of the Moon. It is expected to be the first mission to land humans on the Moon since 1972.

NASA also plans to launch the first two components of the Lunar Gateway, a key part of its efforts to return to the Moon and a stepping stone for crewed missions to Mars in the 2030s.

The American company Vast plans to launch the first ever commercial space station (Haven-1) in 2027.

The first Indian crewed spaceflight, Gaganyaan-4, is planned for 2027.

China plans to launch the eXTP X-ray observatory.

Vast (company)
Vast (also styled Vast Space) is a privately held American aerospace company headquartered in Long Beach, California. It was founded in 2021 by entrepreneur Jed McCaleb with the goal of developing artificial gravity space stations to "expand humanity beyond the solar system".
Binodanand Jha
Binodanand Jha (17 April 1900 – 1971), also known as Pandit Binodanand Jha, was an Indian politician originally from the district of Deoghar, Bihar (Baidyanathdham Deoghar), now in Jharkhand. He was educated at the Central Calcutta College, (now Maulana Azad College) of the University of Calcutta. He was the Chief Minister of Bihar from February 1961 to October 1963. He was elected to the 5th Lok Sabha, lower house of the Parliament of India, from the Darbhanga constituency of Bihar in 1971. He was a member of the Constituent Assembly of India in 1948 from Bihar.

Darbhanga Lok Sabha constituency
Darbhanga Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 40 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Bihar state in eastern India. Currently Gopal Jee Thakur (BJP) is the Member of Parliament from Darbhanga Loksabha. In 2024 Indian general election, Gopal Jee Thakur won from this constituency.
2017 Le Mans Cup
The 2017 Le Mans Cup, known as the 2017 Michelin Le Mans Cup under sponsorship, was the second season of the Le Mans Cup. It began on 13 May at the Autodromo Nazionale Monza and finished on 21 October at the Algarve International Circuit. The series was open to Le Mans Prototypes in the LMP3 class, and grand tourer sports cars in the GT3 class.

Algarve International Circuit
The Algarve International Circuit (Portuguese: Autódromo Internacional do Algarve), also known as the Portimão Circuit, is a 4.653 km (2.891 mi) race circuit located in Portimão, Algarve region, Portugal. The development includes a karting track, off-road track, technology park, five-star hotel, sports complex and apartments.

The circuit was designed by Ricardo Pina, Arquitectos. The construction was finished in October 2008 and the circuit was homologated by both the FIM on 11 October 2008 and the FIA two days later. The total cost was €195 million (approximately $250 million).
Baymen
The Baymen were the earliest European settlers with Afro-Jamaicans and Creole-Jamaicans, in the English logging concessions in the Bay of Honduras, Spanish territory that eventually became the colony of British Honduras (modern-day Belize).

Ethnic groups in Europe
Europeans are the focus of European ethnology, the field of anthropology related to the various ethnic groups that reside in the states of Europe. Groups may be defined by common ancestry, language, faith, historical continuity, etc. There are no universally accepted and precise definitions of the terms "ethnic group" and "nationality", but in the context of European ethnography in particular, the terms ethnic group, people, nationality and ethno-linguistic group are used as mostly synonymous. Preference may vary in usage with respect to the situation specific to the individual countries of Europe, and the context in which they may be classified by those terms.

The total number of national minority populations in Europe is estimated at 105 million people, or 14% of 770 million Europeans in 2002. The Russians are the most populous among Europeans, with a population of roughly 120 million.
History of erotic depictions
The history of erotic depictions includes paintings, sculpture, photographs, dramatic arts, music and writings that show scenes of a sexual nature throughout time. They have been created by nearly every civilization, ancient and modern. Early cultures often associated the sexual act with supernatural forces and thus their religion is intertwined with such depictions. In Asian countries such as India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Japan, Korea, and China, representations of sex and erotic art have specific spiritual meanings within native religions. The ancient Greeks and Romans produced much art and decoration of an erotic nature, much of it integrated with their religious beliefs and cultural practices.

In more recent times, as communication technologies evolved, each new technique, such as printing, photography, motion pictures and computers, has been adapted to display and disseminate these depictions.

Photograph
A photograph (also known as a photo, or more generically referred to as an image or picture) is an image created by light falling on a photosensitive surface, usually photographic film or an electronic image sensor. The process and practice of creating such images is called photography.

Photographs are now created using a smartphone or camera, which uses a lens to focus the scene's visible wavelengths of light into a reproduction of what the human eye would perceive.
Oregon International Air Show
The Oregon International Air Show - formerly the "Portland Rose Festival Air Show" - is an annual event held in Oregon, United States. The event began in 1988, and has an average annual attendance of 55,000.

It is one of the largest civilian air shows on the West Coast of the United States.  The Air Show features military and civilian aircraft from the United States and Canada, and on occasion, military and civilian aircraft from other countries such as Britain, France, and Russia.

As of 2020, the Air Show has given back more than $3.3M to over 500 organizations since 1988.

Breitling Jet Team
The Breitling Jet Team was the largest civilian aerobatic display team in Europe. Based in Dijon, France, it flew seven Aero L-39 Albatros jets. The team flew a display lasting 18–20 minutes that included formation flying, opposition passes, solo routines, and synchronized maneuvers. The team performed across Europe and the Middle East, with multiple engagements per year, including international airshows and Breitling corporate events. Breitling withdrew sponsorship in 2019 and the team discontinued performances.