hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pasting theorem
In mathematics, specifically the 2-category theory, the pasting theorem states that every 2-categorical pasting scheme defines a unique composite 2-cell in every 2-category. The notion of pasting in 2-category and weak 2-category was first introduced by Bénabou (1967). Typically, pasting is used to specify a cell by giving a pasting diagram. The pasting theorem states that such a cell is well-defined the several different sequences of compositions which the diagram could be explained as representing yield the same cell. The pasting theorem for strict 2-category was proved by Power (1990), and for weak 2-category it is proved in Appendix A of Verity (1992)'s thesis. The pasting theorem for n-category version was proved by Power (1991) and Johnson (1989), but the definition of the pasting scheme differs. String diagrams are justified by the pasting theorem.

String diagram
In mathematics, string diagrams are a formal graphical language for representing morphisms in monoidal categories, or more generally 2-cells in 2-categories. They are a prominent tool in applied category theory. When interpreted in FinVect, the monoidal category of finite-dimensional vector spaces and linear maps with the tensor product, string diagrams are called tensor networks or Penrose graphical notation. This has led to the development of categorical quantum mechanics where the axioms of quantum theory are expressed in the language of monoidal categories.
Nuclear C*-algebra
In the mathematical field of functional analysis, a nuclear C*-algebra is a C*-algebra A such that for every C*-algebra B the injective and projective C*-cross norms coincides on the algebraic tensor product A⊗B and the completion of A⊗B with respect to this norm is a C*-algebra. This property was first studied by Takesaki (1964) under the name "Property T", which is not related to Kazhdan's property T.

Kazhdan's property (T)
In mathematics, a locally compact topological group G has property (T) if the trivial representation is an isolated point in its unitary dual equipped with the Fell topology. Informally, this means that if G acts unitarily on a Hilbert space and has "almost invariant vectors", then it has a nonzero invariant vector. The formal definition, introduced by David Kazhdan (1967), gives this a precise, quantitative meaning.

Although originally defined in terms of irreducible representations, property (T) can often be checked even when there is little or no explicit knowledge of the unitary dual. Property (T) has important applications to group representation theory, lattices in algebraic groups over local fields, ergodic theory, geometric group theory, expanders, operator algebras and the theory of networks.
The Head of the Family (1967 film)
Il padre di famiglia (internationally released as The Head of the Family) is a 1967 Italian-French comedy film directed by Nanni Loy. For his performance in this film and in Italian Secret Service, Nino Manfredi was awarded with a Golden Plate at the 1968 David di Donatello Awards.

Veteran actor Totò was originally cast as Romeo, the anarchist, but died two days after filming his first scene; he was replaced by Ugo Tognazzi. Later Tognazzi was nominated for the Nastro d'Argento for Best Supporting Actor.

Nastro d'Argento
The Nastro d'Argento (plural: Nastri d'Argento; English: Silver Ribbon) is an Italian film award, held since 1946 by the Sindacato Nazionale Giornalisti Cinematografici Italiani (Italian National Union of Film Journalists). Awards are given annually in a wide range of categories, covering not only feature films but also short films (Corti d'argento) and television series (Nastri d'Argento Grandi Serie). The main awards are given at Taormina Film Fest, Sicily, while the short film awards ceremony is held in Naples.
Nights Like These (album)
Nights Like These is the debut studio album by American singer-songwriter and rapper Outasight. The album was released on November 23, 2012, via Warner Records. The album contains the platinum-selling single, "Tonight Is the Night", as well as three other singles, "Now or Never", "Shine" and "I'll Drink To That".

Chiddy Bang
Chidera Anamege, now known by his stage name Chiddy Bang, is an American rapper from Philadelphia. Prior to its breakup, Chiddy Bang was an American hip hop duo consisting of Anamege, under the stage name Chiddy, and Noah Beresin, under the stage name Xaphoon Jones. The duo was introduced by former band member Zachary Sewall in late 2008 while the two were studying at Drexel University, in Beresin's hometown of Philadelphia. Anamege's sound is based on the fusion of hip hop and alternative using samples from artists such as Ellie Goulding, Radiohead, Sufjan Stevens, Passion Pit, MGMT, Matt and Kim and Yelle. In 2013, Beresin left the group to focus on producing, and Anamege became a solo artist, with Beresin playing the role as frequent collaborator.
Languages of Monaco
The official language of Monaco is French. Monégasque, a variety of Ligurian, is the national language of the Monégasque people. However, it is the primary language of very few people. There are several other languages spoken in addition to French and Monégasque, including Italian and English.

County of Nice
The County of Nice (French: Comté de Nice / Pays Niçois; Italian: Contea di Nizza / Paese Nizzardo; Niçard Occitan: Contèa de Niça / País Niçard) was a historical region of France and Italy located around the southeastern city of Nice and roughly equivalent to the modern arrondissement of Nice. It was part of the Savoyard state.
Goring Lock
Goring Lock is a lock and weir situated on the River Thames in England at the Goring Gap in the Chiltern Hills. The lock is located on the Oxfordshire bank at Goring-On-Thames, with Streatley, Berkshire on the opposite side of the river. It is just upstream of Goring and Streatley Bridge. The lock was first built in 1787 by the Thames Navigation Commissioners

The weir runs back to an island under the bridge and then another weir goes from there to the Streatley bank.

Weir
A weir /wɪər/ or low-head dam is a barrier across the width of a body of water that alters the flow characteristics of water and usually results in a change in the height of the water level. Weirs are used to control the flow of water for rivers, outlets of lakes, ponds, and reservoirs, industrial discharge, and drainage control structures. There are many weir designs, but commonly water flows freely over the top of the weir crest before cascading down to a lower level. There is no single definition as to what constitutes a weir. Weirs pose a serious danger to boaters and have been involved in several fatal drownings. They are sometimes colloquially referred to as drowning machines.

Weir can also refer to the skimmer found in most in-ground swimming pools, which controls the flow of water pulled into the filtering system.
1989 Senior League World Series
The 1989 Senior League World Series took place from August 14–19 in Kissimmee, Florida, United States. Pingtung, Taiwan defeated Surrey, Canada twice in the championship game. It was Taiwan's second straight title. This was the final SLWS to feature 8 teams, a host team would be added in 1990.

Surrey, British Columbia
Surrey is a city in British Columbia, Canada. It is located south of the Fraser River on the Canada–United States border. It is a member municipality of the Metro Vancouver regional district and metropolitan area. Mainly a suburban city, Surrey is the province's second-largest by population after Vancouver and the third-largest by area after Abbotsford and Prince George. Seven neighbourhoods in Surrey are designated town centres: Cloverdale, Fleetwood, Guildford, Newton, South Surrey, and City Centre encompassed by Whalley.
Collegiate Times
The Collegiate Times is an independent, student-run newspaper serving Virginia Tech since 1903.  The Educational Media Company at Virginia Tech (EMCVT), a non-profit student media consortium, owns the publication.  Based in Blacksburg, Virginia, the Collegiate Times publishes local news, sports, features and opinions for 5,000 print readers every Tuesday of the academic year and prints its summer edition, Hello Hokies, annually. The Collegiate Times represents the only daily newspaper produced in Blacksburg and also provides its content online via its website, mobile app, and various social media outlets.

Associated Collegiate Press
The Associated Collegiate Press (ACP) is the largest and oldest national membership organization for college student media in the United States.  The ACP is a division of the National Scholastic Press Association.  It awards the newspaper, magazine, and online National Pacemaker Awards, which are considered the highest honors a student publication can receive. The organization is headquartered in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Membership fees are based on enrollment. Membership is also open to student publications outside the U.S.
GER Class Y65
The GER Class Y65 was a class of twelve 2-4-2T steam locomotives designed by S. D. Holden and built by the company's Stratford Works in 1909–1910. They all passed to the London and North Eastern Railway at the 1923 grouping and received the classification F7.

Stratford Works
Stratford Works was the locomotive-building works of the Great Eastern Railway situated at Stratford, London, England.  The original site of the works was located in the 'V' between the Great Eastern Main Line and the Stratford to Lea Bridge route and in the early years was also the home of Stratford Locomotive Depot. The final part of the works closed in 1991.

Overall Stratford works built 1,702 locomotives; 5,500 passenger vehicles and 33,000 goods wagons (although a significant number of these were built at the nearby Temple Mills wagon works when wagon building moved from the Stratford site in 1896).
Lori Greiner
Lori Greiner is an American television personality and entrepreneur. She is known for her QVC show Clever & Unique Creations (2000–present), for which she has been called the "Queen of QVC" and additionally being an investor on the reality series Shark Tank (2012–present) on ABC. She has hundreds of inventions and holds over 120 patents. She is the president and founder of For Your Ease Only, Inc.

QVC
QVC (short for "Quality Value Convenience") is an American free-to-air television network and a flagship shopping channel specializing in televised home shopping, owned by QVC Group (formerly Qurate Retail Group). Founded in 1986 by Joseph Segel in West Chester, Pennsylvania, United States, QVC broadcasts to more than 350 million households in seven countries, including channels in the UK, Germany, Japan, and Italy, along with a joint venture in China with China National Radio called CNR Mall.

In 2024, the total revenue for the year was $10 billion.

As of December 2013, Halo2Cloud holds the network's record for most units sold in a day of 380,000 chargers with total sales reaching $19 million.
Buloxibutid
Buloxibutid is an investigational new drug that is being evaluated to treat COVID-19 infections. It is an angiotensin II receptor type 2 agonist. The drug was discovered and developed by Professor Anders Hallberg and colleagues at the University of Uppsala. As at late 2024 it was on large scale trials for treatment of lung fibrosis following successful small-scale trials. Development is supported by investment from Sanofi.

Pulmonary fibrosis
Pulmonary fibrosis is typically a condition in which the lungs become scarred over time. Symptoms include shortness of breath, a dry cough, feeling tired, weight loss, and nail clubbing. Complications may include pulmonary hypertension, respiratory failure, pneumothorax, and lung cancer.

Causes include environmental pollution, certain medications, connective tissue diseases, infections, and interstitial lung diseases. But in most cases the cause is unknown (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis). Diagnosis may be based on symptoms, medical imaging, lung biopsy, and lung function tests.

No cure exists and treatment options are limited. Treatment is directed toward improving symptoms and may include oxygen therapy and pulmonary rehabilitation. Certain medications may slow the scarring. Lung transplantation may be an option. At least 5 million people are affected globally. Life expectancy is generally less than five years.
Republic of Entre Ríos
The Republic of Entre Ríos was a short-lived republic in South America in the early nineteenth century. Comprising approximately 166,980 km2 (64,470 sq mi) of what are today the Argentine provinces of Entre Ríos and Corrientes, the country was founded in 1820 by the caudillo General Francisco Ramírez (who styled himself jefe supremo, supreme chief) and lasted only one year. On September 28, 1821, Lucio Norberto Mansilla was elected Governor of the Province of Entre Rios, and the Republic was subsequently dissolved.

In spite of the "Republic" in its title, Ramirez never really intended to declare an independent Entre Rios. Rather, he was making a political statement in opposition to the monarchist and centralist ideas that back then permeated Buenos Aires' politics.

Corrientes Province
Corrientes (Spanish pronunciation: [koˈrjentes], lit. ‘currents’ or ‘streams’; Guarani: Taragui), officially the Province of Corrientes (Spanish: Provincia de Corrientes; Guarani: Taragui Tetãmini) is a province in northeast Argentina, in the Mesopotamia region. It is surrounded by (from the north, clockwise): Paraguay, Misiones, Brazil, Uruguay, and the provinces of Entre Rios, Santa Fe and Chaco. With an area of 88,199 km², it ranks sixteenth in territorial size among Argentina’s provinces.

From the historical perspective of the construction of the Argentine State, it is one of the oldest provinces in Argentine territory and one of the fourteen founding provinces of the Argentine Confederation.

In 2004, the Guaraní language was declared an “alternative official language,” reflecting the bilingual character that distinguishes the province.
Scott Bradley (composer)
Walter Scott Bradley (November 26, 1891 – April 27, 1977) was an American composer, pianist, arranger, and conductor.

Bradley is best remembered for scoring MGM's theatrical cartoons, including those starring Tom and Jerry, Barney Bear, Screwy Squirrel, Droopy, George and Junior and many one-off cartoons.

Screwy Squirrel
Screwy Squirrel (also known as Screwball Squirrel) is an animated cartoon character, an anthropomorphic squirrel created by Tex Avery for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

Among some of the more outrageous cartoon characters, Screwy's feats include pulling objects out of thin air, doubling himself, and breaking the fourth wall, all the while uttering a characteristic cackling laugh. The character was not as successful as Avery's Droopy was at this time, appearing in only five cartoons: Screwball Squirrel (1944), Happy-Go-Nutty (1944), Big Heel-Watha (1944), The Screwy Truant (1945), and Lonesome Lenny (1946).
Zanoni, Missouri
Zanoni is an unincorporated community located in Ozark County, Missouri, United States on Route 181, approximately ten miles northeast of Gainesville. A watermill (doubling as a bed and breakfast) and a post office are all that remain of the community. The community was founded in 1898 and was named for the novel Zanoni by Edward Bulwer-Lytton. The mill was built in 1905 as an overshot wheel mill by "Doc" Morrison and restored by his grandson.

The mill is located where the Zanoni Spring arises from openings in the Roubidoux Formation, an Ordovician unit of mixed sandstone and dolomite. The spring discharges at the base of a ridge above Pine Creek, a tributary of Caney Creek which discharges into Bryant Creek just above its intersection with North Fork River and Norfork Lake. The discharge of the spring is 0.8 cubic feet per second (0.023 m3/s) or 500,000 US gallons (1,900,000 L) per day.

Edward Bulwer-Lytton
Edward George Earle Lytton Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Baron Lytton (/ˈbʊlwər/; 25 May 1803 – 18 January 1873) was an English writer and politician. He served as a Whig member of Parliament from 1831 to 1841 and a Conservative from 1851 to 1866. He was Secretary of State for the Colonies from June 1858 to June 1859, as which he selected Richard Clement Moody to found British Columbia. He was created Baron Lytton of Knebworth in 1866.

Bulwer-Lytton's works were well known in his time. He coined famous phrases like "pursuit of the almighty dollar", "the pen is mightier than the sword", "dweller on the threshold", "the great unwashed", and the opening phrase (incipit) "It was a dark and stormy night." The sardonic Bulwer-Lytton Fiction Contest, held annually from 1982 to 2024, claims to seek the "opening sentence of the worst of all possible novels".
Warwick Business School
Warwick Business School (WBS) is the business school of the University of Warwick and an academic department within the Faculty of Social Sciences. It was established in 1967 as the School of Industrial and Business Studies. The business school offers undergraduate, and postgraduate degree programs, and non-degree executive education for individuals and companies.

WBS's main site is on the University of Warwick campus in Coventry. WBS also has a London site, located in The Shard in Southwark, which concentrates on executive education.

WBS alumni include Linda Jackson, CEO of Peugeot and former CEO of Citroën, and Bernardo Hees, former CEO of Kraft Heinz and of Burger King.

Business studies
Business studies, often simply called business, is a field of study that deals with the principles of business, management, and economics. It combines elements of accountancy, finance, marketing, organizational studies, human resource management, and operations. Business studies is a broad subject, where the range of topics is designed to give the student a general overview of the various elements of running a business. The teaching of business studies is known as business education.

Countries in which the subject is taught under the name "business studies" include Mauritius, Oman, Bahrain, South Korea, Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Nepal, Brazil, Canada, Hong Kong, India, Ireland, Mexico, Singapore,  Malaysia, Cambodia, Kenya, Poland, Malta, New Zealand, Nigeria, Pakistan, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Namibia, Zimbabwe and Indonesia.
2019 U.S. Open Cup qualification
The 2019 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup tournament proper will feature teams from all five tiers of the men's American soccer pyramid.

Qualification for the 2019 tournament includes local qualifying matches contested by 94 amateur teams scheduled to take place in 2018.  One team also qualified by winning the 2018 National Amateur Cup, and other clubs playing in national leagues that are not fully professional qualify based on their results in 2018 league play. Clubs playing in fully professional leagues may enter the tournament proper and bypass the qualification process.

2018 PDL season
The 2018 Premier Development League season was the 24th season of the PDL, and the last under the PDL name. The regular season started on May 4 and ended on July 16. There were a total of 74 teams playing across 11 divisions with the addition of the Deep South division. Calgary Foothills FC won the final championship under the PDL branding, having defeated Reading United AC 4–2 in extra time in the Championship game on August 4, 2018.
1950 Women's Western Open
The 1950 Women's Western Open was a golf competition held at Cherry Hills Country Club on June 23–24, the 21st edition of the event. Babe Zaharias won the championship in match play competition by defeating Peggy Kirk in the final match, 5 and 3.

Babe Didrikson Zaharias
Mildred Ella "Babe" Didrikson Zaharias (/zəˈhɑːriəs/; née Didrikson; June 26, 1911 – September 27, 1956) was an American athlete who excelled in golf, basketball, baseball, and track and field. She won two gold medals and a silver in track and field at the 1932 Summer Olympics before turning to professional golf and winning 10 LPGA major championships.
Millard Creek
Millard Creek is a tributary of Tunkhannock Creek in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania. It is approximately 6.2 miles (10.0 km) long and flows through Harford Township and Lenox Township. The watershed of the creek has an area of 5.66 square miles (14.7 km2). The creek is not designated as an impaired waterbody. The surficial geology in its vicinity includes Wisconsinan Till, alluvium, wetlands, lakes, bedrock, and alluvial fan. The dominant land uses in the creek's watershed include forested land and agricultural land. A number of bridges have been constructed over the creek. Its drainage basin is designated as a Coldwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery.

Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania
Susquehanna County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,434 Its county seat is Montrose. The county was created on February 21, 1810, from part of Luzerne County and later organized in 1812. It is named for the Susquehanna River. The county is part of the Northeast Pennsylvania region of the state.
The Wilted Rose
The Wilted Rose is a 2023 Australian live-action short film written and directed by Elise Lamb.

The film was produced by Lamb and Madison Sturgess in partnership with not-for-profit organisation The Centre For Women & Co.  with cinematography by Jake Koning, production design by Jodie Taylor, an original score by Adrian Diery and film editing by Nadya de Vos.

The film had its world premiere screening in competition at the Brisbane International Film Festival where it won Best Brisbane Short Film.

The film was also a 2024 contender for the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts Award (AACTA) for Best Short Film.

The film was acquired by SBS Australia and premiered on SBS On Demand on November 1st, 2024. The producers donated 100% of the buyout fee to The Centre For Women & Co.

Special Broadcasting Service
The Special Broadcasting Service (SBS) is an Australian hybrid-funded public service broadcaster that receives about 80 percent of its funding from tax revenue. SBS operates six TV channels (SBS, SBS Viceland, SBS World Movies, SBS Food, NITV and SBS WorldWatch) and seven radio networks (SBS Radios 1, 2 and 3, Arabic 24, SBS Chill, SBS South Asian and SBS PopAsia). SBS is also home to SBS On Demand; a video streaming service.

The stated purpose of SBS is "to provide multilingual and multicultural radio and television services that inform, educate, and entertain all Australians and, in doing so, reflect Australia's multicultural society". SBS is one of five main free-to-air networks in Australia.

SBS was founded in 1975 as a radio network and launched its television channel in 1980. In-show advertising commenced in 2006 with commercial breaks spanning five minutes per hour. SBS's most successful imported television series is South Park.
M-10 motorway (Pakistan)
24°59′42.44″N 67°10′52.41″E﻿ / ﻿24.9951222°N 67.1812250°E﻿ / 24.9951222; 67.1812250

The M-10 motorway (Urdu: ایم ۱۰ موٹروے) or the Karachi Northern Bypass (Urdu: کراچی ناردرن بائی پاس) is a two-lane 57 km motorway in Manghopir Town, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. It connects the M-9 motorway to the Karachi Port, and provides an easy access to the transporters and to the commuters who can go directly to the Karachi port without entering the main arteries of city.

The M-10 motorway is being upgraded to an 8-lane motorway (34km) from ICI Bridge to Hamdard University Chowk Madinat al-Hikmah.

Further M-10 will be extended to a new 134km long  Motorway constructed through the Khirthar mountain range, connecting to the M-6 Motorway at Jamshoro.

Kirthar Mountains
The Kheerthar Mountains (Urdu: كوه کھیرتھر; Sindhi: کير ٿر جبل) are a mountain range that mark the boundary between the Pakistani provinces of Balochistan and Sindh, also separating the Iranian plateau from the Indian subcontinent. It comprises much of the Kheerthar National Park. The mountain range forms part of the Kirthar-Sulaiman geological province, which stretches from the Arabian Sea coast north to the Sulaiman Mountains in northwest Pakistan. The highest peak of the Kheerthar range is Zardak Peak at 7,430 ft (2,260 m).