hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dingcheng, Changde
Dingcheng District (simplified Chinese: 鼎城区; traditional Chinese: 鼎城區; pinyin: Dǐngchéng Qū) is one of two urban districts in Changde City, Hunan Province, China; it is also the 2nd most populous district (after Heshan District) in Hunan. The district is bordered to the north by Anxiang County, Jinshi City and Linli County, to the west by Taoyuan County, to the north by Anhua and Taojiang Counties, and to the east by Hanshou County. Wuling District is in the central west of Dingcheng District. Dingcheng is the largest district by population or by area in Hunan, covering an area of 2,322.5 kilometres (1,443.1 mi) with a registered population of 764,700 (as of 2015). It is divided into four subdistricts, 19 towns and one township, and its government seat is Hongyun Subdistrict (红云街道).

Heshan, Yiyang
Heshan District (simplified Chinese: 赫山区; traditional Chinese: 赫山區; pinyin: Hèshān Qū) is one of two districts in Yiyang City, Hunan Province, China. It is also the most populous district in the province.

The district is located on the southern bank of Zi River, the Xiang River runs away on the eastern margin. It is bordered to the north by Ziyang District, to the east by Xiangyin County, to the south by Wangcheng District of Changsha and Ningxiang City, to the west by Taojiang County.

Heshan District covers an area of 1,278 km2 (493 sq mi), as of 2015, it had a registered population of 920,000. The county has 6 subdistricts, 10 towns and a township under its jurisdiction. The government seat is Hongjiacun (洪家村社区).
Tongue twister
A tongue twister is a phrase that is designed to be difficult to articulate properly, and can be used as a type of spoken (or sung) word game. Additionally, they can be used as exercises to improve pronunciation and fluency. Some tongue twisters produce results that are humorous (or humorously vulgar) when they are mispronounced, while others simply rely on the confusion and mistakes of the speaker for their amusement value.

Word game
Word games are spoken, board, card or video games often designed to test ability with language or to explore its properties.

Word games are generally used as a source of entertainment, but can additionally serve an educational purpose. Young children may enjoy playing games such as Mad Libs Junior, while developing spelling and writing skills. Researchers have found that adults who regularly solved crossword puzzles, which require familiarity with a larger vocabulary, had better brain function later in life.

Popular word-based game shows have been a part of television and radio throughout broadcast history, including Spelling Bee, the first televised game show, and Wheel of Fortune, the longest-running syndicated game show in the United States.
John Joseph Mitty
John Joseph Mitty (January 20, 1884 – October 15, 1961) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as the third bishop of Salt Lake in Utah (1926–1932) and the fourth archbishop of San Francisco in California (1935–1961).

Saint Patrick's Seminary and University
St. Patrick's Seminary and University (STPSU) in Menlo Park, California, is a Roman Catholic undergraduate and graduate seminary whose primary mission is the formation of priests for dioceses in California and the Pacific Northwest of the United States.

STPSU was founded in 1898 by San Francisco Archbishop Patrick William Riordan with a faculty from the Sulpician order. In over 100 years, it has formed more than 2,000 priests. STPSU is governed by the Archdiocese of San Francisco in association with its other sponsoring dioceses.
Protestant Alliance Friendly Society
The Protestant Alliance Friendly Society was a friendly society that operated in many states of Australia, with branches in many towns and districts. The motto of the society was "Fear God, Love the Brotherhood, Honour the King".

Like most friendly societies, one of the benefits of membership was to receive payments to assist during illness and, in the event of a member's death, payments toward funeral expenses and pensions to support the member's widow and children. Although membership was initially only open to adult men, women and juveniles were later permitted to join the society.

Friendly society
A friendly society (sometimes called a benefit society, mutual aid society, benevolent society, fraternal organization or ROSCA) is a mutual association for the purposes of insurance, pensions, savings or cooperative banking. It is a mutual organization or benefit society composed of a body of people who join together for a common financial or social purpose. Before modern insurance and the welfare state, friendly societies provided financial and social services to individuals, often according to their religious, political, or trade affiliations. These societies are still widespread in many parts of the developing world, where they are referred to as ROSCAs (rotating savings and credit associations), ASCAs (accumulating savings and credit associations), burial societies, chit funds, etc.
Miyazaki 3rd district
Miyazaki 3rd district (宮崎県第3区, Miyazaki-ken dai-sanku  or simply 宮崎3区, Miyazaki-sanku ) is a single-member constituency of the House of Representatives in the national Diet of Japan located in Miyazaki Prefecture.

Kushima, Miyazaki
Kushima (串間市, Kushima-shi) is a city located in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 November 2023, the city had an estimated population of 15,623 in 6950 households, and a  population density of 53 persons per km². The total area of the city is 295.16 km2 (113.96 sq mi).
Gmina Drzycim
Gmina Drzycim is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Świecie County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Drzycim, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) north-west of Świecie, 49 km (30 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz, and 57 km (35 mi) north of Toruń.

The gmina covers an area of 107.92 square kilometres (41.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,028.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Wda Landscape Park.

Świecie County
Świecie County (Polish: powiat świecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Świecie, which lies 45 km (28 mi) north of Toruń and 45 km (28 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz. The only other town in the county is Nowe, lying 33 km (21 mi) north-east of Świecie.

The county covers an area of 1,472.78 square kilometres (568.6 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 99,154, out of which the population of Świecie is 25,723, that of Nowe is 5,827, and the rural population is 67,604.
Willemse
Willemse is a Dutch patronymic surname (Willem's son), equivalent to English Williams and Williamson. Notable people with the surname include:

Ashwin Willemse (born 1981), South African rugby player

Bjorn Willemse (born 1983), Dutch ice hockey player

Cornelius Willemse (1871–1942), Dutch-born New York policeman

Damian Willemse (born 1992), South African rugby player

Hein Willemse (born 1957), South African literary critic and poet

Herman Willemse (1934–2021), Dutch marathon swimmer

Laurance Willemse (born 1962), South African cricket umpire

Laurien Willemse (born 1962) Dutch field hockey player

Mike Willemse (born 1993), South African rugby player

Nathaniel Willemse (born 1985), South African-born Australian singer and songwriter

Paul Willemse (born 1992), South African rugby player

Stan Willemse (1924–2011), English football defender

Stefan Willemse (born 1992), South African rugby player

Williamson (surname)
The surname Williamson was first found in the Royal burgh of Peebles, where this predominantly Scottish Clan who are a Sept of Clan Gunn held a Family Seat anciently, although their interests straddled the English Scottish border and they held territories as far south as Keswick in Cumberland.
1980 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1980 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 92nd staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The championship began on 6 April 1980 and ended on 12 October 1980.

Blackrock entered the championship as the defending champions in search of a third successive title, however, they were beaten by Glen Rovers in the semi-finals.

The final was played on 12 October 1980 at Páirc Uí Chaoimh in Cork, between St. Finbarr's and Glen Rovers, in what was their first meeting in the final in three years. St. Finbarr's won the match by 1–09 to 2–04 to claim their 20th championship title overall and their first title in three years.

Midleton's John Fenton was the championship's top scorer.

1977 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1977 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 89th staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening fixtures took place on 30 January 1977. The championship began on 1 May 1977 and ended on 18 September 1977.

Glen Rovers entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 18 September 1977 at Páirc Uí Chaoimh in Cork, between St. Finbarr's and Glen Rovers, in what was their first meeting in the final in 10 years. St. Finbarr's won the match by 1–17 to 1–05 to claim their 19th championship title overall and a first title in three years. The attendance of 34,151 at the final remains a record.

Bandon's Noel Crowley was the championship's top scorer with 2–16.
Financial secretary of the Falkland Islands
The financial secretary of the Falkland Islands is the government officer responsible for economic and financial matters in the Falkland Islands. The role and powers of the director of finance are set out in Chapter VI of the Falkland Islands Constitution. The position was also known as Director of Finance after the new Constitution came into effect in 2009.

The financial secretary is an ex officio member of the Legislative Assembly and the Executive Council, and also acts as Stanley's returning officer during general and by-elections in the absence of the chief executive. The director of finance is not permitted to be a member of the Public Accounts Committee.

The current financial secretary is Pat Clunie, who took up office in 2024.

Executive Council of the Falkland Islands
The Executive Council of the Falkland Islands is the  policy making body of the Government of the Falkland Islands, exercising executive power by advising the Governor. It has an equivalent role to that of the Privy Council in the United Kingdom. The first Executive Council for the Falklands was inaugurated on 2 April 1845 by Governor Richard Moody.
Neosarcodon carbonarius
Neosarcodon carbonarius is a species of mushroom in the family Bankeraceae. It was originally described by Rudolf Arnold Maas Geesteranus, as Sarcodon carbonarius, but transferred to the genus Neosarcodon by Jerry A. Cooper and Tom W. May in 2024. It occurs in New Zealand.

Bankeraceae
The Bankeraceae are a family of fungi in the order Thelephorales. Taxa are terrestrial, and ectomycorrhizal with plant species in families such as Pinaceae or Fagaceae. The family was circumscribed by Marinus Anton Donk in 1961. According to a 2008 estimate, the family contains 6 genera and 98 species.
2024 North Queensland Cowboys season
The 2024 North Queensland Cowboys season was the 30th in the club's history. Coached by Todd Payten and captained by Reuben Cotter and Tom Dearden, they competed in the NRL's 2024 Telstra Premiership. Cotter and Dearden captained the club for the first time, replacing Jason Taumalolo and Chad Townsend.

Tom Dearden
Thomas Dearden (born 13 March 2001) is an Australian professional rugby league footballer who captains and plays as a five-eighth or halfback for the North Queensland Cowboys in the National Rugby League

He previously played for the Brisbane Broncos. He has played at international level for Australia as a five-eighth. He has played at representative level for Queensland in State of Origin as a five-eighth and in 2025, he won the Wally Lewis Medal, playing as a utility off the bench and halfback, winning man of the match in the series-winning decider. He has also represented the Prime Minister's XIII as a utility.
Civic Crown
The Civic Crown (Latin: corona civica) was a military decoration during the Roman Republic and the subsequent Roman Empire, given to Romans who saved the lives of fellow citizens. It was regarded as the second highest decoration to which a citizen could aspire (the Grass Crown being held in higher regard). It took the form of a chaplet of common oak leaves woven to form a crown. It was reserved for Roman citizens who saved the lives of fellow citizens by slaying an enemy on a spot held by the enemy that same day. The citizen saved must admit it; no one else could be a witness.

Crown
A crown is a traditional form of head adornment, or hat, worn by monarchs as a symbol of their power and dignity. A crown is often, by extension, a symbol of the monarch's government or items endorsed by it. The word itself is used, particularly in Commonwealth countries, as an abstract name for the monarchy itself (and, by extension, the state of which said monarch is head) as distinct from the individual who inhabits it (that is, The Crown). A specific type of crown (or coronet for lower ranks of peerage) is employed in heraldry under strict rules. Indeed, some monarchies never had a physical crown, just a heraldic representation, as in the constitutional kingdom of Belgium.
Sonata for Two Pianos (Mozart)
The Sonata for Two Pianos in D major, K. 448 (375a), is a work composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1781, when he was 25. It is written in sonata-allegro form, with three movements. The sonata was composed for a performance he would give with fellow pianist Josepha Auernhammer. Mozart composed this in the galant style, with interlocking melodies and simultaneous cadences. This is one of his few compositions written for two pianos.

The autograph manuscript of the sonata is preserved in Veste Coburg.

D major
D major is a major scale based on D, consisting of the pitches D, E, F♯, G, A, B, and C♯. Its key signature has two sharps. Its relative minor is B minor and its parallel minor is D minor.

The D major scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The D harmonic major and melodic major scales are:
1962 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1962 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 74th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 28 January 1962. The championship began on 1 April and ended on 21 October 1962.

Avondhu entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Urhan in the first round.

On 21 October 1962, Macroom won the championship following a 3–04 to 1–04 defeat of Muskerry in the final. This was their 10th championship title overall and their first title since 1958. It remains their last championship title.
Mitchelstown's Mickey Barrett was the championship's top scorer with 0–18.

1958 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1958 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 70th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887.

St. Finbarr's entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 28 September 1958, Macroom won the championship following a 1-07 to 0-09 defeat of Avondhu in the final. This was their 9th championship title overall and their first title since 1935.
The Edge of Democracy
The Edge of Democracy (Portuguese: Democracia em Vertigem) is a 2019 documentary film directed by Petra Costa. The film follows the political past of the filmmaker in a personal way, in context with the first and second term of President Lula (2003-2011) and the events leading to the impeachment of Dilma Rousseff, analyzing the rise and fall of both presidents as well as the 2014 socio-political crisis that swept Brazil, and how Lula's 2017 arrest paved the way for Jair Bolsonaro's 2018 campaign and presidency.

The film had its world premiere at the 2019 Sundance Film Festival and was released worldwide by Netflix on June 19, 2019. It was nominated for Best Documentary Feature at the 92nd Academy Awards and won a Peabody Award in 2020.

Platino Awards
The Platino Awards, known in Spanish as Premios Platino del Cine Iberoamericano ('Platinum Prizes of Ibero-American Cinema'), are Ibero-America's annual film awards.

The awards were established in 2013, and the first awards ceremony took place on 5 April 2014 at the Teatro Anayasi, Panama City. The ceremony continues to take place annually between April and July, and awards are given to films produced during the previous year.

The award itself is a platinum figure with the shape of a woman offering the world with Latin America's map on the center, it was created by designer Javier Mariscal.
Howard Wolowitz
Howard Joel Wolowitz, M.Eng. is a fictional character and one of the protagonists on the 2007–2019 CBS television series The Big Bang Theory created by Chuck Lorre and Bill Prady and portrayed by actor Simon Helberg. Among the four main male characters in the show, Howard is distinctive for being an engineer—rather than a physicist—and lacking a PhD. He is named after and based on a computer programmer known by the show's co-creator; Bill Prady. Howard is the only starring character who has been to the International Space Station. Along with Sheldon Cooper, Leonard Hofstadter, and Raj Koothrappali, Howard is part of the central cast of the show.

Bill Prady
William Scott Prady (born June 7, 1960) is an American television writer and producer known for co-creating and producing The Big Bang Theory (2007–2019) and The Muppets (2015–2016). He also served as an executive producer on Dharma & Greg (1997–2002), Good Morning, Miami (2003), and Gilmore Girls (2004–2005).
CD44
The CD44 antigen is a cell-surface glycoprotein involved in cell–cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration. In humans, the CD44 antigen is encoded by the CD44 gene on chromosome 11. CD44 has been referred to as HCAM (homing cell adhesion molecule), Pgp-1 (phagocytic glycoprotein-1), Hermes antigen, lymphocyte homing receptor, ECM-III, and HUTCH-1.

Haematopoiesis
Haematopoiesis (/hɪˌmætəpɔɪˈiːsɪs, ˌhiːmətoʊ-, ˌhɛmə-/; from Ancient Greek  αἷμα (haîma) 'blood' and  ποιεῖν (poieîn) 'to make'; also hematopoiesis in American English, sometimes h(a)emopoiesis) is the formation of blood cellular components. All cellular blood components are derived from haematopoietic stem cells. In a healthy adult human, roughly ten billion (1010) to a hundred billion (1011) new blood cells are produced per day, in order to maintain steady state levels in the peripheral circulation.
Paul Morrissey (hurler)
Paul Morrissey (born 1980) is an Irish retired hurler who played for Cork Senior Championship club Newtownshandrum. He usually lined out as a goalkeeper. Morrissey is also a former member of the Cork senior hurling team.

2003–04 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship
The 2003–04 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship was the 34th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county hurling tournament for senior clubs. The championship ran from 18 October 2003 to 17 March 2004.

The defending champion was Birr; however, the club was beaten by O'Loughlin Gaels in the Leinster final. Clonguish and Portumna made their championship debuts, while Roscommon's Athleague returned after a 25-year absence.

The All-Ireland final was played at Croke Park in Dublin on 17 March 2004, between Newtownshandrum of Cork and Dunloy of Antrim, in what was a first championship meeting between the teams. Newtownshandrum won the match by 0–17 to 1–06 to claim a first title.

Newtownshandrum's Ben O'Connor was the championship's top scorer with 0–47.
Châtillon-sur-Thouet
Châtillon-sur-Thouet (French pronunciation: [ʃatijɔ̃ syʁ twɛ], literally Châtillon on Thouet) is a village and commune in the Deux-Sèvres department of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France. The village is situated on the river Thouet to the north of the town of Parthenay, with which it forms a contiguous built-up area.

The commune of Châtillon-sur-Thouet has joined together with 37 neighbouring communes to establish the Communauté de communes de Parthenay-Gâtine which provides a framework within which local tasks are carried out together.

Parthenay
Parthenay (French: [paʁtənɛ] ⓘ; Poitevin: Partenaes) is an ancient fortified town and commune in the Deux-Sèvres department of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France. It is sited on a rocky spur that is surrounded on two sides by the River Thouet, and is the sub-prefecture of the Parthenay arrondissement.

It is situated some 40 km (25 mi) north of Niort, 50 km (31 mi) west of Poitiers, 120 km (75 mi) south-east of Nantes, and 350 km (220 mi) south-west of Paris.

Each July, Parthenay hosts the Festival Ludique International de Parthenay, otherwise known as the Festival de Jeux or FLIP, in which the town's streets and squares are filled with games of many types. The shorter indoor FLIP d'hiver runs in November.
Alnwick Lionheart railway station
Alnwick Lionheart is a railway station situated on the edge of the Lionheart Enterprise Park on the outskirts of Alnwick, Northumberland. It is the western terminus and operational base of the preserved Aln Valley Railway which is currently working to rebuild the original Alnwick branch line from there to Alnmouth station. The station was constructed on a different site from the original Alnwick station due to the construction of the A1 Alnwick bypass which removed a section of the original trackbed on the edge of the town as well as the construction of buildings on the original station site and some of the trackbed on the approach to it.

Alnmouth railway station
Alnmouth (also known as Alnmouth for Alnwick) is a railway station on the East Coast Main Line, which runs between London King's Cross and Edinburgh Waverley. The station, situated 34 miles 69 chains (34.9 miles; 56.1 kilometres) north of Newcastle, serves the coastal and rural villages of Alnmouth and Lesbury and the market town of Alnwick in Northumberland, England. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains.
Spintronics
Spintronics (a portmanteau of spin transport electronics), also known as spin electronics, is the study of the intrinsic spin of the electron and its associated magnetic moment, in addition to its fundamental electronic charge, in solid-state devices. The field of spintronics concerns spin-charge coupling in metallic systems. The analogous effects in insulators fall into the field of multiferroics.

Spintronics fundamentally differs from traditional electronics in that, in addition to charge state, electron spins are used as a further degree of freedom, with implications in the efficiency of data storage and transfer. Spintronic systems are most often realised in dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMS) and Heusler alloys and are of particular interest in the field of quantum computing, such as atomtronics computation.

Solid-state electronics
Solid-state electronics are semiconductor electronics: electronic equipment that use semiconductor devices such as transistors, diodes and integrated circuits (ICs).  The term is also used as an adjective for devices in which semiconductor electronics that have no moving parts replace devices with moving parts, such as the solid-state relay, in which transistor switches are used in place of a moving-arm electromechanical relay, or the solid-state drive (SSD), a type of semiconductor memory used in computers to replace hard disk drives, which store data on rotating disks.