hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Loyal Rue
Loyal D. Rue (born June 7, 1944) is an American philosopher of religion. He is a professor emeritus of religion and philosophy at Luther College of Decorah, Iowa. He focuses on naturalistic theories of religion and has been awarded two John Templeton Foundation fellowships. He has held fellowships at Harvard University and at Durham University (UK).   He has been for many years a member and lecturer at the Institute on Religion in an Age of Science (IRAS).

Institute on Religion in an Age of Science
The Institute on Religion in an Age of Science (IRAS) is a non-denominational society that promotes and facilitates the ongoing dialectic between religion and science. The Institute has held annual week-long conferences at Star Island in New Hampshire since 1954. The conference attracts about 250 members and non-members each year. The 1964 conference, for example, was attended by 215 conferees, with speeches by figures including Theodosius Dobzhansky.
Erol Dora
Erol Dora (born 2 February 1964, in Hassana near Silopi) is a lawyer and a politician of the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP). A member of the Assyrian people community in Turkey, he is a well-known advocate for minority rights, Assyrian particularly the human rights situation of Turkey's Christian minorities.

In the 2011 general election Dora became the first ethnic Assyrian member of the Turkish Parliament, and the first Christian MP since 1960. Since 2014 a member of the HDP, he was re-elected in the consecutive June and November 2015 elections.

Human rights in Turkey
Human rights in Turkey are protected by a variety of international law treaties, which take precedence over domestic legislation, according to Article 90 of the 1982 Constitution. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) was not signed by Turkey until 2000. As of today, however, Turkey is party to 16 out of 18 international human rights treaties of the United Nations.
The issue of human rights is of high importance for the negotiations with the European Union (EU).

As of 2025, the Freedom House rated Turkey's human rights at 33 out of 100 (not free).
2nd Military Region (Vietnam People's Army)
The 2nd Military Region of the Vietnam People's Army, is directly under the Ministry of Defence of Vietnam, tasked to organise, build, manage and commander armed forces defending the North West of Vietnam. The north-West region of Vietnam, borders with the Yunnan of China. In 1979, the Chinese army with 3 infantry corps, and 10 infantry divisions, launched a huge invasion in this military zone and occupied Lào Cai Province and Phong Thổ.

Phong Thổ district
Phong Thổ is a rural district of Lai Châu province in the Northwest region of Vietnam. As of 2019 the district had a population of 79,645. The district covers an area of 1034.60 km2. The district's capital is Phong Thổ.
Vladimir Basov
Vladimir Pavlovich Basov (Russian: Владимир Павлович Басов; 28 July 1923 – 17 September 1987) was a Soviet Russian actor, film director and screenwriter. He was named a People's Artist of the USSR in 1983.

Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography
The Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography, officially the S. A. Gerasimov All-Russian University of Cinematography (Russian: Всероссийский государственный институт кинематографии имени С. А. Герасимова, romanized: Vserossiyskiy gosudarstvyennyy institut kinematografii imyeni S. A. Gerasimova, meaning
All-Russian State Institute of Cinematography named after S. A. Gerasimov), a.k.a. VGIK, is a film school in Moscow, Russia.
Bieti church
The Bieti church of the Mother of God (Georgian: ბიეთის ღვთისმშობლის ეკლესია, romanized: bietis ghvtismshoblis ek'lesia) is a ruined Georgian Orthodox church in the Akhaltsikhe Municipality in Georgia's south-central region of Samtskhe-Javakheti. Dated to the latter half of the 14th century, the Bieti church was built in a domed cross-in-square plan. After the dome collapsed in 1930, only the conch of the sanctuary and pastophoria remained standing. After some preparatory cleaning and conservation works, reconstruction was commenced in 2019. The church is inscribed on the list of Georgia's Immovable Cultural Monuments of National Significance. There is another medieval Georgian church known as Bieti situated in what is now the disputed territory of South Ossetia.

Samtskhe–Javakheti
Samtskhe–Javakheti (Georgian: სამცხე-ჯავახეთი, [s̪ämt̪͡s̪ʰχe̞ d͡ʒäväχet̪ʰi], Armenian: Սամցխե-Ջավախեթի, romanized: Samts’khe-Javakhet’i) is a region (mkhare) in southern Georgia with a population of 147,400 (2023) and an area of 6,413 km2 (2,476 sq mi). The region has Akhaltsikhe as its administrative center. Samtskhe–Javakheti is made up of the historical Georgian provinces Meskheti, Javakheti and Tori.

The Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline, the South Caucasus natural gas pipeline, and the Kars–Tbilisi–Baku railway pass through the region.

The population of the region is made up of Georgians and Armenians, as well as smaller numbers of Russians.
Time in North Macedonia
In North Macedonia, the standard time is Central European Time (Macedonian: Средноевропско време, romanized: Srednoevropsko vreme; CET; UTC+01:00). Daylight saving time is observed from the last Sunday in March (02:00 CET) to the last Sunday in October (03:00 CEST). This is shared with several other EU member states.

Romanization of Macedonian
The romanization of Macedonian is the transliteration of text in Macedonian from the Macedonian Cyrillic alphabet into the Latin alphabet. Romanization can be used for various purposes, such as rendering of proper names in foreign contexts, or for informal writing of Macedonian in environments where Cyrillic is not easily available. Official use of romanization by North Macedonia's authorities is found, for instance, on road signage and in passports. Several different codified standards of transliteration currently exist and there is widespread variability in practice.

Although used for transliteration, Macedonian Latin script is neither widespread nor used in any formal or semi-formal communication in Macedonia. The language law of Macedonia emphasizes Cyrillic as the only alphabet of Macedonian language.
Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova career statistics
This is a list of career statistics of Russian tennis player Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova. To date, Pavlyuchenkova has won twelve WTA singles titles (finishing runner-up in nine other finals) and six WTA doubles titles (including two WTA 1000 titles), as well as five titles in singles and eight in doubles on the ITF Circuit. She has reached one Grand Slam singles final at the 2021 French Open, as well as an additional twelve quarterfinals (six apiece in both singles and doubles) across all four major tournaments.

WTA 1000 tournaments
The WTA 1000 tournaments are a category of tennis tournaments on the WTA Tour, governed by the Women's Tennis Association. The old WTA Premier Mandatory and Premier 5 tournaments merged into a single highest tier implemented in the 2021 schedule reorganization. Only four of the nine WTA 1000 tournaments were mandatory until 2024, when the category expanded to ten mandatory tournaments.

The ranking points awarded to the winners of these tournaments are 1,000. This compares to 2,000 points for winning a Grand Slam tournament ("major"), up to 1,500 points for winning the WTA Finals, 500 points for winning a WTA 500 tournament, and 250 for winning a WTA 250 tournament.
Yann Kerr
Yann Kerr is an electrical engineer with the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) in Toulouse, France. He was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2013 for his contributions to two-dimensional L-band microwave interferometer design.

L band
The L band is the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) designation for the range of frequencies in the radio spectrum from 1 to 2 gigahertz (GHz). This is at the top end of the ultra high frequency (UHF) band, at the lower end of the microwave range.
Nanzhuang station
Nanzhuang station (simplified Chinese: 南庄站; traditional Chinese: 南莊站; pinyin: Nánzhuāng Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Nàahmjōng Jaahm) is a station on Line 2 of Foshan Metro, located in Foshan's Chancheng District. It opened on 28 December 2021, and is the western terminus of the line. It is also the westernmost station on the Foshan Metro.

Yale romanization of Cantonese
The Yale romanization of Cantonese was developed by Yale scholar Gerard P. Kok for his and Parker Po-fei Huang's textbook Speak Cantonese initially circulated in looseleaf form in 1952 but later published in 1958. Unlike the Yale romanization of Mandarin, it is still widely used in books and dictionaries, especially for foreign learners of Cantonese. It shares some similarities with Hanyu Pinyin in that unvoiced, unaspirated consonants are represented by letters traditionally used in English and most other European languages to represent voiced sounds. For example, [p] is represented as b in Yale, whereas its aspirated counterpart, [pʰ] is represented as p. Students attending the Chinese University of Hong Kong's New-Asia Yale-in-China Chinese Language Center are taught using Yale romanization.

Some enthusiasts employ Yale romanisation to explore writing Cantonese as an alphabetic language.
1883 Victorian colonial election
The 1883 Victorian colonial election was held on 22 February 1883 to elect the 12th Parliament of Victoria.  All 86 seats in 55 electorates in the Legislative Assembly were up for election, though twelve seats were uncontested.

There were 31 single-member, 20 two-member and 5 three-member electorates.

The government of Sir Bryan O'Loghlen was heavily defeated at the election, with O'Loghlen himself losing his seat.  After the election, with none of the political groupings having an outright majority, a government was formed on 8 March 1883 by a coalition led by James Service (taking the positions of Premier, Treasurer and Minister of Public Instruction), and Graham Berry (as Chief Secretary and Postmaster-General).  The coalition represented a joining of moderate conservatives (led by Service) and moderate liberals (led by Berry).

Graham Berry
Sir Graham Berry, KCMG (28 August 1822 – 25 January 1904), 
was an Australian colonial politician and the 11th Premier of Victoria. He was one of the most radical and colourful figures in the politics of colonial Victoria, and made the most determined efforts to break the power of the Victorian Legislative Council, the stronghold of the landowning class.
Gain (singer)
Son Ga-in (손가인; born September 20, 1987), known mononymously as Gain, is a South Korean singer, actress and entertainer, best known as a member of the South Korean girl group Brown Eyed Girls. Having debuted with her home group earlier in 2006, Gain eventually made her solo debut in October 2010 with Step 2/4 to great commercial success, and has since released a total of six extended plays. In addition to her musical career, the singer also appeared in several native programs and series, most notably We Got Married and All My Love, where she co-starred alongside 2AM's Jo Kwon.

Mononym
A mononym is a name composed of only one word. An individual who is known and addressed by a mononym is a mononymous person.

A mononym may be the person's only name, given to them at birth. This was routine in most ancient societies, and remains common in modern societies such as in Afghanistan, Bhutan, some parts of Indonesia (especially by older Javanese people), Myanmar, Mongolia, Tibet, and South India.

In other cases, a person may select a single name from their polynym or adopt a mononym as a chosen name, pen name, stage name, or regnal name. A popular nickname may effectively become a mononym, in some cases adopted legally. For some historical figures, a mononym is the only name that is still known today.
Yuya Shirai
Yuya Shirai  (born April 2, 1980) is a Japanese professional mixed martial artist currently competing in the Welterweight division. A professional competitor since 2003, Shirai has fought for ONE FC, DEEP, BAMMA, Glory World Series, M-1 Global, Pancrase, DREAM, and is a former DEEP Welterweight Champion.

ONE Championship
ONE Championship, formerly ONE Fighting Championship (ONE FC) until January 2015, is a multinational combat sports promotion founded on 14 July 2011 by Chatri Sityodtong and Victor Cui. Originally focused on mixed martial arts (MMA), ONE events have since incorporated muay thai, kickboxing, and submission grappling bouts. The promotion held its first event on 3 September 2011 at the Singapore Indoor Stadium, and has since held over 200 events across Asia. In 2022, parent company One Group Holdings, changed its legal operations from Singapore to the Cayman Islands.
Neveroddoreven
Neveroddoreven (sometimes stylised as NeveroddoreveN) is the second studio album by English electronic music duo I Monster. It was originally released on 21 July 2003 by Instant Karma sublabel Dharma Records during "a period of transition for the band's label". It was recorded in the home studio of band member Dean Honer. The title is a palindrome.

"The Blue Wrath" was used in the opening of the 2004 British comedy Shaun of the Dead and appeared on the movie's soundtrack. The I Monster version of "Daydream in Blue" was used as theme music for the 2002 French action movie Steal and appeared in a television commercial for the Ford Focus ST in 2005. The song was also used in the 2016 episode "eps2.0_unm4sk-pt1.tc" in season 2 of Mr. Robot, and the 2022 episode "Half Loop" in season 1 of Severance. In his review of the album for Jockey Slut, Ben Mortimer said that it contained "playful, twisted pop tunes."

Instant Karma (record label)
Instant Karma is an independent record label created by former Warner Music Group chairman and head of the BPI, Rob Dickins, in 1999.
The label was founded by Dickins after his resignation from Warner Music, where he gained fame for his track record of signing female vocalists such as Enya and the Corrs. Instant Karma's first release was Helicopter Girl's How to Steal the World album in June 2000; the label received attention for the fact that its very first release was short-listed for the Mercury Prize. Helicopter Girl signed with Instant Karma on the condition that she be permitted not to tour.

Dickins noted that he was pleased to have How to Steal the World as the label's "calling card", but that he planned other releases to have more immediate commercial appeal.

The label was funded by Sony Music UK. British DJ/producer K-Gee's first solo single and album were released on Instant Karma in October 2000 and October 2002, respectively.
Janice Allen
Janice Allen (born 1973 or 1974) is a Jamaican politician from the People's National Party (PNP) who is a member of the Senate of Jamaica. Allen attended Montego Bay High School before moving to the United States to attend Florida International University. She graduated with a Bachelor's degree in 1994, and went on to receive a Master of Business Administration from the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth. In 2023, she was appointed Vice President of Socialist International Latin America and the Caribbean.

She was the PNP candidate for Saint James Central at the 2025 Jamaican general election.

People's National Party
The People's National Party (PNP) (Jamaican Patois: Piipl’s Nashinal Paati)  is a social democratic political party in Jamaica, founded in 1938 by Norman Washington Manley who served as party president until his death in 1969.  It holds 28 of the 63 seats in the House of Representatives, and 96 of the 227 local government divisions. The party is democratic socialist by constitution.

The party is a member of COPPPAL and a full member of Socialist International. From 1957-62, the party was a member of the West Indies Federal Labour Party in the Federal Parliament of the West Indies Federation.
Makri Yalo Airbase
The Makri Yalo airbase was a Regia Aeronautica (Italian Royal Air Force) facility on the island of Scarpanto, in the Dodecanese.

During World War II, the airbase was a major part of Italian military operations in the Mediterranean, by supporting air operations to Crete, the Greek mainland, and the ocean approaches to Egypt.

In September 1940, the base was shelled by the Australian light cruiser HMAS Sydney and the British destroyer HMS Ilex.

Karpathos
Karpathos (Greek: Κάρπαθος, pronounced [ˈkarpaθos]), also Carpathos, is the second largest of the Greek Dodecanese islands, in the southeastern Aegean Sea. Together with the neighboring smaller Saria Island it forms the municipality of Karpathos, which is part of the regional unit Karpathos-Kasos. Because of its remote location, Karpathos has preserved many peculiarities of dress, customs and dialect, the last resembling those of Crete and Cyprus. The island has also been called Carpathus in Latin and Scàrpanto in Italian.
Parfait
Parfait (/pɑːrˈfeɪ/ par-FAY, UK also /ˈpɑːrfeɪ/ PAR-fay, French: [paʁfɛ] ⓘ; meaning "perfect") is either of two types of dessert. In France, where the dish originated, parfait is made by boiling cream, egg, sugar and syrup to create a custard-like or meringue-like puree which is then frozen. The American version consists of layers differentiated by the inclusion of such ingredients as granola, nuts, yogurt and liqueurs, topped off with fruits or whipped cream.

French parfait is usually served in thick, decorated slices on a plate.  American parfait is typically served in tall glassware together with a long spoon known as a parfait spoon. The classical parfait glass is stemware, with a short stem and a tall slender bowl, often tapered towards the  bottom, also used for serving milkshakes. In South Asia (particularly Bangladesh), parfaits are made in bowl containers, rather than tall glasses.

Stemware
Stemware is drinkware where the bowl stands on a stem above a foot (base that allows to put the vessel down onto a table).  It is usually made from glass, but may be made from ceramics or metals. The stemware is intended for cool beverages, like water or wine. The stem allows the drinker to hold the glass without affecting the temperature of the drink. The snifters represent an exception, as they are designed to hold the bowl in a cup of the hand to warm up the beverage.
Magic mug
A magic mug, also known as a heat changing mug, transforming mug, or disappearing mug is a mug that changes color when it is filled with a hot liquid. This effect is created by using thermochromic ink.

Magic mugs are often manufactured and sold as memorabilia. For example, a mug may reveal a picture of the town or monument where it was sold, for example the Haunted Mansion/Grim Grinning Ghost Disney cup. They are sometimes given away to promote organizations. Customers can also have their own photographs printed on the mugs.

Photograph
A photograph (also known as a photo, or more generically referred to as an image or picture) is an image created by light falling on a photosensitive surface, usually photographic film or an electronic image sensor. The process and practice of creating such images is called photography.

Photographs are now created using a smartphone or camera, which uses a lens to focus the scene's visible wavelengths of light into a reproduction of what the human eye would perceive.
Village Historique Acadien Provincial Park
Village Historique Acadien Provincial Park is an historical reconstruction that portrays the way of life of Acadians between 1770 and 1949. It is located in Bertrand, in northeastern New Brunswick, 50 kilometres (31 mi) east of Bathurst and 130 kilometres (81 mi) north of Miramichi.

More than 40 buildings are staffed by interpreters in period costume who bring ancestral customs and traditional trades to life. Among the attractions is Hôtel Château Albert, a replica of a turn-of the century hotel that once existed in Caraquet. The original was destroyed by fire in 1955 but it has been re-created at the Village. It offers overnight accommodations as well as a dining room.

Allow a minimum of 3 hours for a complete visit.

Historical reconstruction
Historical reconstruction is  the recreation of past lives, events, and objects of a particular moment in time in the past. As an academic discipline, historical reconstruction is a practice of creating a coherent narrative about the past by analyzing historical data from diverse sources. The whole study of history may be viewed as "an exercise in interpretative historical reconstruction". Historical reconstruction may be used as an educational tool in schools.

Examples of historical reconstruction include experimental archaeology, historical reenactment and living museums (skansens, ethnographic villages).
Erich Graber
Erich Graber was an Italian luger who competed from the mid-1960s to the early 1980s. A natural track luger, he won two medals in the men's singles event at the FIL World Luge Natural Track Championships (Gold: 1980, Bronze: 1979).

Graber also was successful in the FIL European Luge Natural Track Championships with nine medals, including five golds (Singles: 1974, 1975, 1977; Doubles: 1977, 1981), three silvers (Singles: 1975, Doubles: 1970, 1974), and one bronze (Doubles: 1979).

Graber also won a bronze in the men's singles event at the 1965 FIL World Luge Championships in Davos, Switzerland (Note: The first natural track championships in Europe did not occur until 1970 while the first natural track world championships did not occur until 1979. The first permanent artificially refrigerated bobsleigh, luge, or skeleton track was not constructed until 1969.).

FIL European Luge Natural Track Championships
The FIL European Luge Natural Track Championships, part of the International Luge Federation (FIL), have taken place since 1970. A team event was added for the 2010 championships. For information on luge championships in Europe that have been contested since 1914, please see FIL European Luge Championships.
Combe Bottom
Combe Bottom is a 42.1-hectare (104-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Shere in Surrey. It is designated a  Local Nature Reserve  called Shere Woodlands, and is managed by the Surrey Wildlife Trust.

This site on a slope of the North Downs is mainly woodland and scrub, with a small area of unimproved chalk grassland. The woodland is dominated by beech and yew. There is a wide variety of bryophytes, including the rare moss Herzogiella seligeri.

There is access from Staple Lane and Combe Lane.

Shere
Shere is a village in the Guildford district of Surrey, England 4.8 miles (7.7 km) east south-east of Guildford and 5.4 miles (8.7 km) west of Dorking, centrally bypassed by the A25. Located on the River Tillingbourne it is a small still partly agricultural village chiefly set in the wooded Vale of Holmesdale between the North Downs and Greensand Ridge. As of 2011 the village had a population of 1,032.

The village gives its name to the larger civil parish of Shere, extending to the east and south into hamlets founded in the early Middle Ages which officially, in the 19th century, were consolidated into three villages; Gomshall, Holmbury St. Mary and Peaslake. This larger entity has a total population of 3,359 and area of 24.5 square kilometres (9.5 sq mi) (as at the 2011 census).
Benediktas
Benediktas is a Lithuanian masculine given name, derived from the Latin name "Benedictus", which itself is derived from the Latin compound bene ('good') and dicte ('speak'), i.e. "well spoken". Individuals bearing the name Benediktas include:

Benediktas Mikulis (1920–2000), Lithuanian partisan

Benediktas Vilmantas Rupeika (born 1944), Lithuanian politician

Benediktas Vanagas (born 1977), Lithuanian rally driver

Benediktas Vanagas
Benediktas Vanagas (born 16 March 1977) is a Lithuanian rally driver. Vanagas is one of the few racing drivers in the Baltic states who has achieved good results competing in various auto racing disciplines, such as rallying, rally raid racing, endurance racing and off-road competitions, though he most often competes as a rally driver. He is a member of the Gurtam Toyota Gazoo Racing Baltics. Vanagas still holds the record for the best overall result in a car class in the Baltics as well as for a Lithuanian driver. He is currently teamed with Estonian co-driver Kuldar Sikk.