hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joseph Starik
Joseph Yevseyevich Starik (Russian: Иосиф Евсеевич Старик; 23 March 1902, Saratov – 27 March 1964, Leningrad) was a Soviet radiochemist, a representative of the Russian radiochemical school, a close associate and a friend of Vitaly Khlopin, for the first time began systematic studies of ionic and colloidal forms of the state of radionuclides in ultra-diluted solutions. Corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1946), recipient of three Stalin Prizes (1949, 1951, 1953).

Vitaly Khlopin
Vitaly Grigorievich Khlopin (Russian: Вита́лий Григо́рьевич Хло́пин) (January 1890 - 10 July 1950) was a Russian and Soviet radiochemist, professor, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1939), Hero of Socialist Labour (1949), and director of the Radium Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1939-1950). He was one of the founders of Soviet radiochemistry and radium industry, received the first domestic radium preparations (1921), one of the founders of the Radium Institute and leading participants in the atomic project and founder of the school of Soviet radiochemists.
Kamikawa Station
Kamikawa Station (上川駅, Kamikawa-eki) is a railway station in Kamikawa, Kamikawa, Hokkaidō Prefecture, Japan. Its station number is A43.

After Kami-Shirataki Station ceased operation in 2016, Shirataki Station as adjacent station from this station with distance of 37.3 km, make longest distance between any stations on JR ordinary lines (not include shared tracks with shinkansen).

Kamikawa, Hokkaido
Kamikawa (上川町, Kamikawa-chō) is a town located in Kamikawa Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan.

As of December 31, 2017, the town has an estimated population of 3,706, and a density of 3.53 persons per km2. The total area is 1,049.24 km2.

The town is approximately 30 minutes by bus or car from Sōunkyō Onsen and other tourist attractions which make up Daisetsuzan National Park. The Ishikari River, the longest river in Hokkaido, flows from here. The town also prides itself on "the most delicious ramen in Japan".
Verticordia sect. Elachoschista
Verticordia sect. Elachoschista is one of eleven sections in the subgenus Verticordia. It includes a single species in the genus Verticordia. Plants in this section resemble those in section Infuscata except that the sepal lobes are not divided but may have an irregularly toothed edge. Plants in this section superficially resemble some of the smaller Darwinia species. The leaves are crowded and the flower are cream-coloured, turning greenish-brown as they age. When Alex George reviewed the genus in 1991 he formally described this section, publishing the description in the journal Nuytsia. The name Elachoschista is derived from the Ancient Greek words elachys meaning "little": 488  and schizo meaning "cut": 247  referring to the sepals which have almost smooth edges.

The type and only species in this section is Verticordia verticordina.

Darwinia (plant)
Darwinia, sometimes commonly known as mountain bells or simply bells, is a genus of about 70 species of evergreen shrubs in the family Myrtaceae, endemic to southeastern and southwestern Australia. The majority are native to southern Western Australia, but a few species occur in South Australia, New South Wales and Victoria. The genus was named in honour of Erasmus Darwin, grandfather of Charles Darwin by Edward Rudge in 1816. Most darwinias grow to a height of between 0.2 and 3 m (0.7 and 10 ft), and many are prostrate shrubs. Most have small, simple leaves and the flowers are often grouped together, each flower with five red, white or greenish petals and ten stamens. In many species, the flowers are surrounded by large, colourful bracts, giving rise to their common names.
Murrells Inlet Estuary
The Murrells Inlet Estuary, located on the northern coast of the U.S. state of South Carolina, is a small, high-salinity, tidally influenced estuary that contains 16.5 miles of tidal creeks. The southern boundary of the estuary is in Georgetown County at Huntington Beach State Park and its northern boundary is located in Horry County at Garden City Beach.

Murrells Inlet is a bar built or pocket estuary and stretches approximately 5 miles behind the highly developed barrier beach of the Garden City peninsula and undeveloped portion of Huntington Beach where the beach and salt marsh is more pristine.  The estuary is approximately 1.5 miles  at its widest point and the western boundary is the Murrells Inlet mainland.  The Inlet opens to the Atlantic Ocean at the southern tip of Garden City Beach and prior to jetty construction, sandbars shifted along the opening impeding water flows in and out of the estuary.

Leatherback sea turtle
The leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea), sometimes called the lute turtle, leathery turtle or simply the luth, is the largest of all living turtles and the heaviest non-crocodilian reptile, reaching lengths of up to 2.7 metres (8 ft 10 in) and weights of 500 kilograms (1,100 lb). It is the only living species in the genus Dermochelys and family Dermochelyidae. It can easily be differentiated from other modern sea turtles by its lack of a bony shell; instead, its carapace is covered by oily flesh and flexible, leather-like skin, for which it is named. Leatherback turtles have a global range, although there are multiple distinct subpopulations. The species as a whole is considered vulnerable, and some of its subpopulations are critically endangered.
Jack Vreeswijk
Lars Jacob Jack Vreeswijk (25 January 1964 – 3 April 2023) was a Swedish ballad singer, song lyricist and composer. The son of troubadour Cornelis Vreeswijk, he followed in his father's footsteps and released three albums of his own, often singing his father's songs. He was usually accompanied by guitarist Love Tholin.

In summer 2006, Jack Vreeswijk appeared in a biographical musical show about his father Från James Dean till Nationalskald (meaning From James Dean to National Bard), on Lundsbrunns Health Resort in Götene. The screenplay was written by him and he also played the lead role as the older Cornelis. The acting was interspersed with songs.

Vreeswijk composed music for a film about Cornelis Vreeswijk's life, and produced eight of the tracks on Hans-Erik Dyvik Husbys' album I ljuset av Cornelis (meaning In light of Cornelis). In 2009, he released a tribute album to his father's music titled Jack Vreeswijk sjunger Vreeswijk.

Cornelis Vreeswijk
Cornelis Vreeswijk (8 August 1937 – 12 November 1987) was a Dutch singer-songwriter and poet who lived and worked primarily in Sweden.

Despite being born in the Netherlands and never acquiring a Swedish citizenship, Vreeswijk is regarded as one of the country's most influential and beloved troubadours, often being compared to other national poets, such as Evert Taube and Carl Michael Bellman for his poetic lyrics and social commentary.

Vreeswijk's compositions often focused on themes of love, poverty, and substance abuse. His unique style blended elements of folk, jazz, and blues, which modernized the Scandinavian ballad tradition.

In 2010, the Swedish drama film Cornelis, directed by Amir Chamdin, was made about his life.
Girardot, Cundinamarca
Girardot is a municipality and town of Colombia in the department of Cundinamarca. It is the second most important city of Cundinamarca according to its production. It is home to a number of recreational and vacational spots, mainly visited by people from Bogotá, as it is located at two hours drive from the city but enjoys a tropical climate (compared to the cold and rainy climate of Bogotá). The municipality had a population of 109,792 (2020 estimate), and form a small metropolitan area together with the neighbouring municipalities of Flandes and Ricaurte.

Ricaurte, Cundinamarca
Ricaurte is a municipality and town of Colombia in the department of Cundinamarca. A law issued on 14 November  1857 created the Peñalisa District and December of the same year the name was changed to Ricaurte; in 1937 it was annexed to the Girardot municipality but it recovered its condition of municipality in 1968.
Leticia Scury
Leticia Scury, also spelled Leticia Scuri, (c. 1890 – 27 April 1950) was an Argentine actress. In 1928 she joined the Compañía Dramática de la “Casa del Arte”in Montevideo, Uruguay. She entered film in 1938 in Mario Soffici's Kilómetro 111 (1938). At the 1944 Argentine Film Critics Association Awards she won the Silver Condor Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in the drama Three Men of the River. Other films include The Gaucho War (1942), Todo un hombre (1943), Albergue de mujeres (1946) and Arrabalera (1950).

Silver Condor Award for Best Supporting Actress
The Silver Condor Award for Best Supporting Actress  (Spanish: Premio Cóndor de Plata a la mejor actriz de reparto), given by the Argentine Film Critics Association, awards the best supporting actress in Argentina each year:
Cisgender
The word cisgender (often shortened to cis; sometimes cissexual) describes a person whose gender identity corresponds to their sex assigned at birth, i.e., someone who is not transgender. The prefix cis- is Latin and means on this side of. The term cisgender was coined in 1994 as an antonym to transgender, and entered into dictionaries starting in 2015 as a result of changes in social discourse about gender.

Related concepts are cisnormativity (the presumption that cisgender identity is preferred or normal) and cissexism (bias or prejudice favoring cisgender people).

American Historical Association
The American Historical Association (AHA) is the oldest professional association of historians in the United States and the largest such organization in the world with 11,000 members as of 2025. Founded in 1884, AHA works to protect academic freedom, develop professional standards, and support scholarship and innovative teaching. It publishes The American Historical Review four times annually, which features scholarly history-related articles and book reviews.

AHA is the major learned society for historians working in the United States, while the Organization of American Historians is a field society for historians who study and teach about the United States. The AHA's congressional charter of 1889, established it "for the promotion of historical studies, the collection and preservation of historical manuscripts, and for kindred purposes in the interest of American history, and of history in America."
Ardmona Football Club
The Ardmona Football Club was an Australian rules football club from the Goulburn Valley town of Ardmona, Victoria, Australia that played in the Kyabram & District Football League. The club has gone into recess since 2021.

Goulburn Valley Football Association
The Goulburn Valley Football Association (GVFA) was an Australian rules football competition that was first established in 1888 in the Goulburn Valley of Victoria, Australia, with the foundation clubs being Cobram, Muckatah, Nathalia, Numurkah, Wunghnu and Yarroweyah.

This football competition was separate to the Goulburn Valley District Football Association that was formed in 1893, that is still active today and now called the Goulburn Valley Football League.
Wyoming Highway 37
Wyoming Highway 37 (WYO 37), also known as Park Road, is a 9.00-mile (14.48 km) north–south state highway in northern Big Horn County, Wyoming, United States, that connect U.S. Route 14A (US 14A), east of Lovell, with the Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area.

U.S. Route 14 in Wyoming
U.S. Highway 14 (US 14) in the U.S. state of Wyoming runs east to west across the northern part of the state. The road connects South Dakota on the east with Yellowstone National Park on the west. It is mostly a two-lane surface road, except for several sections that it shares with Interstate 90 (I-90). The total length is about 400.3 miles (644.2 km).
Sinimäed Hills
The Sinimäed Hills (or Blue Hills; Estonian: Vaivara Sinimäed) are three linked hills in northeastern Estonia. The heights which are aligned west–east, consist of Tornimägi, Põrguaugu mägi (also known as Grenadierimägi) and Pargimägi (also known as Lastekodumägi). They lie in Narva-Jõesuu municipality near the coastal town of Sillamäe in Ida-Viru County.

The hills are best known as the location of the Battle of Tannenberg Line, fought in World War II on July 26 – August 12, 1944. There, the German Waffen-SS defeated a Soviet offensive.

Narva-Jõesuu
Narva-Jõesuu is a seaside resort town in northeast Estonia. It is located by the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea, on the west bank of the Narva River, which forms the Estonia–Russia international border.

Narva-Jõesuu marks the northeastern terminus of the E9 European Coastal Path, which runs for 5000 km (3125 miles) from Cabo de São Vicente in Portugal.

In the past, Narva-Jõesuu was administratively a district of the city of Narva and it  officially became a separate town in 1993. It has a population of 2,681 (as of 1 January 2020). As of 2025, the estimated population of Narva-Jõesuu, Estonia, is 2,602 (aznations.com).
Isoxaben
Isoxaben (N-[3-(1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl)-1,2-oxazol-5-yl]-2,6-dimethoxybenzamide) is an herbicide from the benzamide and isoxazole family.

It is intended for use in vineyards and tree nut orchards for the preemergence control of broadleaf weeds.

Isoxazole
Isoxazole is an electron-rich azole with an oxygen atom next to the nitrogen. It is also the class of compounds containing this ring. Isoxazolyl is the univalent functional group derived from isoxazole.
Operation Martillo
Operation Martillo is an ongoing multi-national anti-drug operation that began on 15 January 2012 which "aims to combat international drug trafficking, and promote peace, stability in Central and South America", according to the U.S. Southern Command. It is a defense project led by the United States Southern Command with help of multi-national forces from Latin American and European countries. News coverage of their activities and results began in 2012, which was mainly from defense-focused media.

Joint Interagency Task Force South
Joint Interagency Task Force South (JIATFS) is a United States multiservice, multiagency task force  based at Naval Air Station Key West (Truman Annex), Key West, Florida.

It conducts counter illicit trafficking operations, intelligence fusion and multi-sensor correlation to detect, monitor, and hand off suspected illicit trafficking targets; promotes security cooperation and coordinates country team and partner nation initiatives in order to defeat the flow of illicit traffic.

JIATF South is a subordinate command to United States Southern Command and is commanded by a Coast Guard Flag Officer.
England at the 2018 Commonwealth Games
England competed at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in Gold Coast, Australia between 4 and 15 April 2018. It was England's 21st appearance at the Commonwealth Games, having participated at every Games since their inception in 1930.

England sent a total of 394 athletes across all 18 sports, making it the largest team ever to represent the nation at an overseas sporting event. However, only 388 athletes competed. Triathlete Alistair Brownlee was the country's flag bearer during the opening ceremony.

With Birmingham as the host of the 2022 Commonwealth Games, the English segment was performed during the Closing Ceremony.

Commonwealth Games England
Commonwealth Games England (CGE) is the national Commonwealth Games Association for England. The company is responsible for supporting and managing the participation of Team England at the Commonwealth Games'.
Jonas Wallerstedt
Anders Jonas Wallerstedt (born 18 March 1978) is a Swedish former footballer who is a pilot for Braathens Regional Airlines, and the former manager of the GIF Sundsvall U-17 Tipselit team. He is known for his aerial and goal scoring abilities. He is nicknamed "Walle" by both fans and teammates. During his career he has represented three clubs in the Swedish top flight, Allsvenskan, and was a part of the IFK Göteborg team that won the 2007 Allsvenskan. He is the first Swedish footballer to have played in the Russian Premier League.

Swedish Football Association
The Swedish Football Association (Swedish: Svenska Fotbollförbundet, SvFF) is the governing and body of football in Sweden. It organises the football leagues – Allsvenskan for men and Damallsvenskan for women – and the men's and women's national teams. It is based in Solna and is a founding member of both FIFA and UEFA. SvFF is supported by 24 district organisations.
4-ANPP
4-ANPP, also known as 4-anilino-N-phenethylpiperidine (4-ANPP), 4-aminophenyl-1-phenethylpiperidine, or despropionyl fentanyl, is a direct precursor to fentanyl and acetylfentanyl. It is commonly found as a contaminant in samples of drugs containing fentanyl, which may include samples represented by the supplier as heroin or other opioids. It is not psychoactive and is present only as a result of improper chemical purification.

4-ANPP is useful in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, primarily fentanyl and related analogs. Paul Janssen (founder of Janssen Pharmaceutica) first synthesized fentanyl in 1960 using a similar method, with Benzylfentanyl as an intermediate. The following synthesis, developed by an individual under the pseudonym of Siegfried, involves the reductive amination of N-phenethyl-4-piperidinone (NPP) with aniline to make to 4-ANPP.  This product is reacted with propionyl chloride or acetyl chloride to form either fentanyl or acetylfentanyl.

Benzylfentanyl
Benzylfentanyl (R-4129) is a fentanyl analog. It was temporarily placed in the US Schedule I by emergency scheduling in 1985 due to concerns about its potential for abuse as a designer drug, but this placement was allowed to expire and benzylfentanyl was formally removed from controlled substance listing in 2010, after the DEA's testing determined it to be "essentially inactive" as an opioid. It was added as a List I precursor instead in 2020 after it was determined that it was being used in fentanyl manufacture, which was previously thought to be beyond the technical capability of illicit labs. Benzylfentanyl has a Ki of 213 nM at the mu opioid receptor, binding around ⁠1/200⁠ as strong as fentanyl itself, though it is still slightly more potent than codeine.
Ocqueoc Township, Michigan
Ocqueoc Township (/ˈɑːkiːɑːk/ AH-key-ock) is a civil township of Presque Isle County in the U.S. state of Michigan named after the Ocqueoc River. The population of Ocqueoc Township was 544 at the 2020 census, down from 655 at the 2010 census.

Rogers City, Michigan
Rogers City is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is the county seat of and the largest city in Presque Isle County. The city had a population of 2,850 at the 2020 census, a slight increase from 2,827 at the 2010 census.

The city is located in the northeast of Michigan's Lower Peninsula, along the shore of Lake Huron. Within the city's limits is the world's largest open-pit limestone quarry, the Port of Calcite. The port is one of the largest shipping ports on the Great Lakes.
Gilberto Echeverri Mejía
Gilberto Echeverri Mejía (31 July 1936 – 5 May 2003) was a Colombian electrical engineer, businessman and politician who on 21 April 2002 was kidnapped by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - FARC-EP along with the then-Governor of Antioquia Guillermo Gaviria Correa among others while participating in a peace walk and held hostage until 5 May 2003 when he was murdered by the guerrillas during a botched rescue operation by government forces deep in the Colombian northwestern jungle, bordering between Antioquia and Chocó. A Liberal party politician, he had previously served as Ambassador of Colombia to Ecuador from 1975 to 1977 in the Administration of President Alfonso López Michelsen, Minister of Economic Development from 1978 to 1980 in the Administration of President Julio César Turbay Ayala, Minister of National Defence from 1997 to 1998 in the Administration of President Ernesto Samper Pizano, and was working as peace advisor to Governor Gaviria before he was kidnapped.

Julio César Turbay Ayala
Julio César Turbay Ayala (18 June 1916 – 13 September 2005) was a Colombian lawyer and politician who served as the 26th president of Colombia from 1978 to 1982. He also held the positions of Foreign Minister and Ambassador to the United States.
SuperJet International
SuperJet International (SJI) is a joint venture between Alenia Aermacchi (51%, now branded as Leonardo SpA) of Italy and Sukhoi Holding Company (49%) of Russia. The company is responsible for marketing, providing after-sales support and services as well as training, design, and development input for the Sukhoi Superjet 100 and its business variant Sukhoi Business Jet (SBJ). It is headquartered in Venice, Italy. Initially with 51%, leaving 49% to Sukhoi, Leonardo revised its shareholding agreement in 2016 and cut its share to 10%.

Alenia Aermacchi
Alenia Aermacchi was a company active in the aeronautics sector, with offices and plants in Venegono Superiore, Varese, Turin Airport in San Maurizio Canavese, Province of Turin and Pomigliano d'Arco, Province of Naples. From 1 January 2016, the activities of Alenia Aermacchi merged into Leonardo's Aircraft and Aerostructures Division.
West Clandon
West Clandon is a village in Surrey, England, within 1 mile (1.6 km) of the A3. It is situated 1 mile (1.6 km) north west of the much smaller separate village of East Clandon.

West Clandon is served by Clandon railway station which runs stopping services via Cobham and Stoke d'Abernon as well as via Epsom to London Waterloo in one direction, and to Guildford in the other. Woking railway station is about 5 miles (8.0 km) away (although there is no direct rail link) and offers more destinations and a fast service to London.

Stoke d'Abernon
Stoke d'Abernon (/ˈdæbənən/) is a village and former civil parish in the Elmbridge district, in Surrey, England. It is on the right bank of the River Mole contiguously south of Cobham, a larger settlement which is a post town and is east-southeast of Oxshott a large village founded in the 19th century from the higher, sandy forested part of its formerly expansive area.  It shares a railway station with Cobham and is inside the M25 motorway. Cobham Training Centre, the training ground of Chelsea F.C., is within its traditional boundaries.
Studentized range
In statistics, the studentized range, denoted q, is the difference between the largest and smallest data in a sample normalized by the sample standard deviation.
It is named after William Sealy Gosset (who wrote under the pseudonym "Student"), and was introduced by him in 1927. 
The concept was later discussed by Newman (1939), Keuls (1952), and John Tukey in some unpublished notes.
Its statistical distribution is the studentized range distribution, which is used for multiple comparison procedures, such as the single step procedure Tukey's range test, the Newman–Keuls method, and the Duncan's step down procedure, and establishing confidence intervals that are still valid after data snooping has occurred.

Multiple comparisons problem
Multiple comparisons, multiplicity or multiple testing problem occurs when many statistical tests are performed on the same dataset. Each test has its own chance of a Type I error (false positive), so the overall probability of making at least one false positive increases as the number of tests grows. In statistics, this occurs when one simultaneously considers a set of statistical inferences or estimates a subset of selected parameters based on observed values.

The probability of false positives is measured through the family-wise error rate (FWER). The larger the number of inferences made in a series of tests, the more likely erroneous inferences become.  Several statistical techniques have been developed to compensate for the number of inferences being made—for example, by requiring a stricter significance threshold for individual comparisons.