hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hypnale nepa
Hypnale nepa, the Sri Lankan hump-nosed viper, is a venomous pitviper species endemic to Sri Lanka where it is known as මූකලන් තෙලිස්සා (mukalan thelissa) in Sinhala. Earlier thought that Hypnale walli and Hypnale nepa were two distinct species, but it is now accepted that it is the same species and Hypnale walli is a synonym name. Relatively small, they are distinguished by a strongly upturned snout. No subspecies are currently recognized.

Venomous snake
Venomous snakes are species of the suborder Serpentes that are capable of producing venom, which they use for killing prey, for defense, and to assist with digestion of their prey. The venom is typically delivered by injection using hollow or grooved fangs, although some venomous snakes lack well-developed fangs. Common venomous snakes include the families Elapidae, Viperidae, Atractaspididae, and some of the Colubridae. The toxicity of venom is mainly indicated by murine LD50, while multiple factors are considered to judge the potential danger to humans. Other important factors for risk assessment include the likelihood that a snake will bite, the quantity of venom delivered with the bite, the efficiency of the delivery mechanism, and the location of a bite on the body of the victim. Snake venom may have both neurotoxic and hemotoxic properties. There are about 600 venomous snake species in the world.
Squamae
In some rodents, squamae are small tubercles resembling scales on the sole of the hindfeet. Among oryzomyine rodents, their development is variable; most have well-developed squamae, but in others they are indistinct or entirely absent. Delomys sublineatus and Peromyscus maniculatus also have squamae.

Oryzomyini
Oryzomyini is a tribe of rodents in the subfamily Sigmodontinae of the family Cricetidae. It includes about 120 species in about thirty genera, distributed from the eastern United States to the southernmost parts of South America, including many offshore islands. It is part of the clade Oryzomyalia, which includes most of the South American Sigmodontinae.

The name Oryzomyini derives from that of its type genus, Oryzomys, which means "rice rat" or "rice mouse". Many species are also known as rice rats.
2nd Brigade (Ireland)
The 2nd Brigade (2 BDE; Irish: 2ú Briogáid) (known as 2nd (Eastern) Brigade until the 2012 reorganisation of the army)  is a brigade of the Irish Army. The brigade headquarters are in Cathal Brugha Barracks in Dublin.

2nd Brigade provides security to various vital installations in its area of responsibility, including; Government Buildings, Áras an Uachtaráin (Residence of the President), foreign embassies, Dublin Airport, Dublin Docks (Dublin Port, Dún Laoghaire) and Ireland West Airport.

Áras an Uachtaráin
Áras an Uachtaráin (Irish pronunciation: [ˈaːɾˠəsˠ ənˠ ˈuəxt̪ˠəɾˠaːnʲ] ⓘ; "Residence of the President"), formerly the Viceregal Lodge, is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of Ireland.

The estate is located off Chesterfield Avenue in the Phoenix Park in Dublin, with the building's design being credited to amateur architect Nathaniel Clements but more likely guided by professionals (John Wood of Bath, Sir Edward Lovett Pearce and Richard Cassels) and completed around 1751 to 1757.
Cuz Cuz
Cuz Cuz or Cuzcuz is a small village and an archeological site which lies about 6 kilometers from the city of Illapel, Choapa Province, in the Coquimbo Region of Chile. It is important in Chilean history as the place where the treaty ending the Chilean Civil War of 1829 was signed.

Coquimbo Region
The Coquimbo Region (Spanish: Región de Coquimbo, pronounced [koˈkimbo]) is one of Chile's 16 administrative regions. It is located approximately 400 kilometres (250 mi) north of the national capital, Santiago. The region is bordered by the Atacama Region to the north, the Valparaíso Region to the south, Argentina to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west.

The capital and largest city is La Serena. Other significant cities include Coquimbo, a major seaport, and Ovalle, a center for agriculture.
Florence Nupok Malewotkuk
Florence Nupok Malewotkuk (March 4, 1906 – 1971), also spelled Napaaq Maligutkak, was a Siberian Yupik artist known for her drawings of native Eskimo culture, scenes of local wildlife, and documentation of native tattoos. Her "somewhat naive" style earned her the title of "Grandma Moses of the Bering Sea." She was also a skilled artisan of beaded items such as sealskin Mukluks, toys, and slippers. Nupok's artwork has been exhibited across the United States and is in the permanent collection of institutions including the University of Alaska, the National Museum of the American Indian, the Anchorage Museum of History and Art, and the Smithsonian Institution.

Anchorage Museum
The Anchorage Museum is a large art, history, ethnography, ecology and science museum located in a modern building in the heart of Anchorage, Alaska.  It is dedicated to studying and exploring the land, peoples, art and history of Alaska.

The museum displays material from its permanent collection, along with regular visiting exhibitions.
Andrey Rudnitskiy
Andrey Petrovich Rudnitskiy (Russian: Андре́й Петро́вич Рудни́цкий; born 12 November 1979 in Lutava) is a Russian sprinter who specializes in the 400 metres.

Rudnitskiy won the silver medal in 4 x 400 metres relay at the 2004 World Indoor Championships, together with teammates Dmitriy Forshev, Boris Gorban and Aleksandr Usov. The next year the relay team finished seventh at the 2005 World Championships with Forshev, Rudnitskiy, Oleg Mishukov and Yevgeniy Lebedev.

His personal best time is 45.76 seconds, achieved in August 2003 in Tula.

In February 2008, at the Russian Indoor Athletics Championships in Moscow, he won the 4 × 200 meters relay, but failed the doping test with traces of Carphedon and Cannabis found in his blood sample. As a result, the IAAF suspended Rudnitsky for two years.

Russian Indoor Athletics Championships
The Russian Indoor Athletics Championships (Russian: Чемпионат России по лёгкой атлетике в помещении) is an annual indoor track and field competition organised by the All-Russia Athletic Federation (ARAF), which serves as the Russian national championship for the sport. It was first held in 1992, following the independence of Russia after the dissolution of the Soviet Union and replacing the Soviet Indoor Athletics Championships. It is typically held as a three-day event in the Russian winter around mid to late February. The venue of the championships is usually in Moscow or Volgograd. A total of 24 athletics events are on the current programme, divided evenly between the sexes.

The first edition of the event in 1992 was poorly attended by the nation's best athletes, as a CIS Indoor Championships was also held the same year and was involved with international selection for the Unified Team.
House Un-American Activities Committee
The House Committee on Un-American Activities (HCUA), popularly the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), was an investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives created in 1938. Their goal was to investigate alleged disloyalty and subversive activities on the part of private citizens, public employees, and those organizations suspected of having communist ties. It became a standing (permanent) committee in 1946. Then, from 1969 and onward, it was known as the House Committee on Internal Security. When the House abolished the committee in 1975, its functions were transferred to the House Judiciary Committee.

The committee's anti-communist investigations are often associated with McCarthyism, although Joseph McCarthy himself (as a U.S. senator) had no direct involvement with the House committee. McCarthy was the chairman of the Government Operations Committee and its Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the U.S. Senate, not the House.

United States Senate Homeland Security Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations
The Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations (PSI), stood up in March 1941 as the "Truman Committee," is the oldest subcommittee of the United States Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs (formerly the Committee on Government Operations).  After the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks in the United States, the Committee broadened its title to Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee.  PSI led the Committee's broad mandate to "investigate inefficiency, mismanagement, and corruption in Government."
Wim De Smet
Wim De Smet (19 October 1932 – 10 March 2012) was a Flemish zoologist, specialized in marine mammals, and an esperantist. He published a lot of scientific and popularizing articles in Dutch, English, French and Esperanto. He projected an entirely new system for the naming and classification of animals and plants.

Flemish people
Flemish people or Flemings (Dutch: Vlamingen [ˈvlaːmɪŋə(n)] ⓘ; French: Flamands) are one of three Belgian main ethnic groups native to Flanders, Belgium, who speak Flemish Dutch. Flemish people make up the majority of Belgians, at about 60%.

Flemish was historically a geographical term, as all inhabitants of the medieval County of Flanders in modern-day Belgium, France and the Netherlands were referred to as "Flemings" irrespective of their ethnicity or language. The contemporary region of Flanders comprises a part of this historical county, as well as parts of the medieval Duchy of Brabant and the medieval County of Loon, where the modern national identity and culture gradually formed.
Kate Costain
Kathleen Joan Costain  is a Manx politician who is a former Leader of the Liberal Vannin Party and was a Member of the House of Keys for Douglas South from 2011 to 2020.

She was Kathleen Beecroft until her divorce in 2019, after which she reverted to her maiden name Costain.

Manx people
The Manx (/mæŋks/ manks; Manx: ny Manninee) are an ethnic group originating on the Isle of Man, in the Irish Sea in Northern Europe. They belong to the Gaelic ethnolinguistic group, which now populate the parts of the British Isles which once were the Kingdom of the Isles and Dál Riata. The Manx are governed through the Tynwald (Ard-whaiyl Tinvaal), the legislature of the island, which was introduced by Viking settlers over a thousand years ago. The native mythology and folklores of the Manx belong to the overall Celtic Mythology group, with Manannán mac Lir, the Mooinjer veggey, Buggane, Lhiannan-Shee, Ben-Varrey and the Moddey Dhoo being prominent mythological figures on the island. Their language, Manx Gaelic (Gaelg, Gailck) is derived from Middle Irish, which was introduced by settlers that colonised the island from Gaelic Ireland. However, Manx Gaelic later developed in isolation and belongs as a separate Goidelic language of the Insular Celtic languages.
Madras (soundtrack)
Madras is the soundtrack album of the 2014 Tamil drama film of the same name written and directed by Pa. Ranjith and produced by Studio Green. Santhosh Narayanan composed the soundtrack album and background score for the film. The album consists of seven tracks with five songs and two themes. While Gana Bala penned the lyrics for the two songs sung by him, the remaining three were penned by Kabilan and Umadevi. The soundtrack album was released on 23 June 2014.

Kabilan (lyricist)
Kabilan (born 16 May 1977) is an Indian lyricist, poet and actor who predominantly works in Tamil cinema. Born in the Indian coastal city of Pondicherry, he started writing lyrics for films and television in the early 2000s and gradually moved to acting as well. He won the Vijay Award for Best Lyricist for the song "Aaathangara Orathil" from Yaan (2014), Composed by Harris Jayaraj. He had mostly collaborated with Composer Vidyasagar followed by Srikanth Deva. He had penned super hit songs for Ilayaraaja and A. R. Rahman. Kabilan is known for his mass introduction songs, among which maximum hits are for Vijay.
World Gone Mad
World Gone Mad is the thirteenth studio album by the American crossover thrash band Suicidal Tendencies, released on September 30, 2016. It is the band's first studio album (and the only album of original material) to feature Dave Lombardo on drums, Ra Díaz on bass, and Jeff Pogan on rhythm guitar. Vocalist Mike Muir had stated that World Gone Mad could have been Suicidal Tendencies' final studio album, although he later retracted that statement.

Dean Pleasants
Dean Pleasants (born May 18, 1965) is an American guitarist. He has been the lead guitarist for Suicidal Tendencies since 1996, and is their longest-standing lead guitarist, surpassing Rocky George, who had been in the band for 11 years. He is also a member of the Suicidal Tendencies funk metal side project Infectious Grooves. He also played with Ugly Kid Joe on their America's Least Wanted album. He also played with George Clinton, Tone Loc, Coke advertisements, Jessica Simpson, Poe, Jody Watley and Atlantic Starr. Dean currently endorses Schecter guitars, having also used Fernandes and ESP guitars in the past. For amplification he has used VHT, Fender and Marshall amps.
Thai Smile Bus
Thai Smile Bus (Thai: บริษัทไทยสมายล์บัสจำกัด) is a major private bus operator in Bangkok and its surrounding provinces that provides bus service under a concession issued by the Thai Ministry of Transport.

Since it launched service in 2022, Thai Smile Bus has progressively taken over bus routes in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region from other providers, including the public operator, Bangkok Mass Transit Authority. Fares start from 15 baht, with the entire fleet consisting of EV buses, aimed at reducing carbon emissions. As of 2025, TSB runs 123 bus routes in Bangkok and the surrounding provinces as part of a plan to reform bus operations in and around Bangkok.

The company also operates electric ferries along the Chao Phraya River and Khlong Saen Saeb in Bangkok branded as Thai Smile Boat.

Chao Phraya River
The Chao Phraya River (Thai: แม่น้ำเจ้าพระยา) is the major river in Thailand, with its low alluvial plain forming the centre of the country. It flows through Bangkok and then into the Gulf of Thailand.
Shachihoko
A Shachihoko (鯱・鯱鉾) – or simply Shachi (鯱) – is a sea monster in Japanese folklore with the head of a dragon or tiger and the body of a carp covered entirely in black or grey scales. According to the tale, Shachihoko lives in the cold northern ocean. Its broad fins and tail always point up toward heaven, and its dorsal fins have numerous sharp spikes. It can swallow a massive amount of water and hold it in its belly, as well as summon clouds and control the rain. Although believed to come from the sea, they are often constructed high on the roof standing upside down.

鯱 is a kokuji character; when pronounced shachi (鯱), it can mean "orca".

Carp
The term carp (pl.: carp) is a generic common name for numerous species of freshwater fish from the family Cyprinidae, a very large clade of ray-finned fish mostly native to Eurasia. While carp are prized quarries and are valued (even commercially cultivated) as both food and ornamental fish in many parts of the Old World, they are considered trash fish and invasive pests in many parts of Africa, Australia and most of the United States.
Migraine Disability Assessment Test
The Migraine Disability Assessment Test (MIDAS) is a test used by doctors to determine how severely migraines affect a patient's life.  Patients are asked questions about the frequency and duration of their headaches, as well as how often these headaches limited their ability to participate in activities at work, at school, or at home.

The test was evaluated by the professional journal Neurology in 2001; it was found to be both reliable and valid.

Reliability (statistics)
In statistics and psychometrics, reliability is the overall consistency of a measure. A measure is said to have a high reliability if it produces similar results under consistent conditions:

It is the characteristic of a set of test scores that relates to the amount of random error from the measurement process that might be embedded in the scores. Scores that are highly reliable are precise, reproducible, and consistent from one testing occasion to another. That is, if the testing process were repeated with a group of test takers, essentially the same results would be obtained. Various kinds of reliability coefficients, with values ranging between 0.00 (much error) and 1.00 (no error), are usually used to indicate the amount of error in the scores.

For example, measurements of people's height and weight are often extremely reliable.
Jim O'Neill, Baron O'Neill of Gatley
Terence James O'Neill, Baron O'Neill of Gatley (born 17 March 1957) is an English economist best known for coining BRIC, the acronym that stands for Brazil, Russia, India, and China—the four once-rapidly developing countries that he predicted would challenge the global economic power of the developed G7 economies. He is also a former chairman of Goldman Sachs Asset Management and former Conservative government minister.

O'Neill was Commercial Secretary to the Treasury in the Second Cameron Ministry from May 2015 to September 2016. He chaired the UK's Independent Review into Antimicrobial Resistance from 2014 to 2016. He was the chairman of the Council of Chatham House, the Royal Institute of International Affairs from 2018 to 2021.

Second Cameron ministry
David Cameron formed the second Cameron ministry, the first Conservative majority government since 1996, following the 2015 general election. Prior to the election Cameron had led his first ministry, the Cameron–Clegg coalition, a coalition government that consisted of members of the Conservatives and the Liberal Democrats, with Liberal Democrat leader Nick Clegg as deputy prime minister.

Following the vote to leave at the EU referendum on the morning of 24 June, Cameron said that he would resign as prime minister after a new Leader of the Conservative Party was chosen after the party conference in the autumn. It was announced on 11 July 2016 that he would resign on 13 July and be succeeded by Home Secretary, Theresa May.
Vladimir Shcherbina
Vladimir Vital'evich Shcherbina (1907–1978) was a prominent Soviet geochemist and mineralogist. He was a student of Alexander Fersman.

In 1931, he led a team from the USSR Academy of Sciences in the mineralogical examination of the Lovozero Massif.

Shcherbinaite, a naturally occurring mineral form of vanadium pentoxide, is named for him.

MAIK Nauka has deemed him an "outstanding" geochemist, and in 1998 sponsored a memorial lecture in his honor.

Mineralogy
Mineralogy is a subject of geology specializing in the scientific study of the chemistry, crystal structure, and physical (including optical) properties of minerals and mineralized artifacts. Specific studies within mineralogy include the processes of mineral origin and formation, classification of minerals, their geographical distribution, and their utilization.
British Rail Class 11
The British Rail Class 11 was applied to a batch of diesel shunting locomotives built from April 1945 to December 1952, based on a similar earlier batch built by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) between 1934 and 1936.

Caledonian Railway (Brechin)
The Caledonian Railway (Brechin) Ltd is a private limited company formed by a group of steam railway enthusiasts, the Brechin Railway Preservation Society, with the object of operating a railway service on the former Caledonian Railway line between Brechin and Montrose, Angus, Scotland.  This line was built by the Aberdeen Railway in the 1840s. It closed for passenger traffic during the early 1950s with final closure undertaken by British Rail in 1981.
Brown sauce (meat stock based)
In classic French cuisine, a brown sauce is generally a sauce with a meat stock base, thickened by reduction and sometimes the addition of a browned roux, similar in some ways to, but more involved than, a gravy. The classic mother sauce example is espagnole sauce, as well as its derivative demi-glace, though other varieties exist.

Roux
Roux (/ruː/) is a mixture of flour and fat cooked together and used to thicken sauces. Roux is typically made from equal parts of flour and fat by weight. The flour is added to the melted fat or oil on the stove top, blended until smooth, and cooked to the desired level of brownness. A roux can be white, blond (darker), or brown. Butter, bacon drippings, or lard are commonly used fats. Roux is used as a thickening agent for gravy, sauces, soups, and stews. It provides the base for a dish, and other ingredients are added after the roux is complete.
John Henderson Russell
John Henderson Russell (born 1884) was a professor and author in the United States. Russell was a Political Science professor at Whitman College in Walla Walla, Washington. His book The Free Negro in Virginia, 1619–1895 was published by Johns Hopkins Press in 1913. He also contributed to the article "Colored Freemen As Slave Owners in Virginia" published in 1916 in the Journal of Negro History.

Walla Walla, Washington
Walla Walla (/ˌwɑːlə ˈwɑːlə/ WAH-lə WAH-lə) is a city in and the county seat of Walla Walla County, Washington, United States. It had a population of 34,060 at the 2020 census, estimated to have decreased to 33,339 as of 2023. The combined population of the city and its two suburbs, the town of College Place and unincorporated Walla Walla East, is about 45,500.

Walla Walla is in the southeastern region of Washington, approximately four hours away from Portland, Oregon, and four and a half hours from Seattle. It is located only 6 mi (10 km) north of the Oregon border.
Stendorfer See
The Stendorfer See is a lake west of Kasseedorf in Holstein Switzerland, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.

The lake lies east of the Stendorf Manor House in the parish of Kasseedorf and is surrounded by a rolling moraine landscape.

The lake is oblong in shape with a maximum length of about 1,500 metres and a maximum width of about 700 metres. It has an area of some 54 hectares (130 acres) and a maximum depth of about 8 metres, the deepest point being near its northeastern shore. It lies at an elevation of around 32.6 m above sea level (NN).

The Stendorfer See is crossed by the River Schwentine from east to west. In addition several smaller lakes and ponds drain into it - including the Kolksee to the southwest and the Oberteich.

It is used as a fishing lake. In addition to pike, eel, perch, tench and stocked carp, burbot may also be caught occasionally.

Tench
The tench or doctor fish (Tinca tinca) is a fresh- and brackish-water fish of the order Cypriniformes found throughout Eurasia from Western Europe including Britain and Ireland east into Asia as far as the Ob and Yenisei Rivers. It is also found in Lake Baikal. It normally inhabits slow-moving freshwater habitats, particularly lakes and lowland rivers.
Charles Wyville Thomson
Sir Charles Wyville Thomson FRSE FRS FLS FGS FZS (5 March 1830 – 10 March 1882) was a Scottish natural historian and marine zoologist. He served as the chief scientist on the Challenger expedition; his work there revolutionized oceanography and led to his being knighted.

Zoological Society of London
The Zoological Society of London (ZSL) is a charity and organization devoted to the worldwide conservation of animals and their habitats. It was founded in 1826. Since 1828, it has maintained London Zoo, and since 1931 Whipsnade Zoo.