hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
River Cities' Reader
The River Cities' Reader is an independently owned alternative newspaper based in Davenport, Iowa. The newspaper was founded in 1993 and is circulated throughout the Quad-Cities metropolitan area and outlying communities.

The Reader's format is tabloid size on newsprint; its masthead reads "business, politics, arts and culture".

Alternative newspaper
An alternative newspaper is a type of newspaper that eschews comprehensive coverage of general news in favor of stylized reporting, opinionated reviews and columns, investigations into edgy topics and magazine-style feature stories highlighting local people and culture. Its news coverage is more locally focused, and their target audiences are younger than those of daily newspapers. Typically, alternative newspapers are published in tabloid format and printed on newsprint. Other names for such publications include alternative weekly, alternative newsweekly, and alt weekly, as the majority circulate on a weekly schedule.

Most metropolitan areas of the United States and Canada are home to at least one alternative paper. These papers are generally found in such urban areas, although a few publish in smaller cities, in rural areas or exurban areas where they may be referred to as an alt monthly  due to the less frequent publication schedule.
History of the South Island line and West Island line
The history of the South Island line and West Island line encompasses a number of proposals which were made for extending the Hong Kong MTR metro system to the south and west of Hong Kong Island, which were not serviced by any rail transport before 2014. The West Island line opened as an extension of the Island line on 28 December 2014. The South Island line has completed construction and commenced service on 28 December 2016. The proposed South Island line (West) is still in the planning phase and is expected to begin in 2021.

Sheung Wan station
Sheung Wan is a station on the Island line of the Hong Kong MTR network. The station serves the neighbourhood of Sheung Wan and the western part of Central District. The livery colour of this station is khaki.

The station was originally planned in 1970 as WM but its construction was discontinued after further planning for the new lines. Upon the construction of the Island line, the station was finally constructed and opened on 23 May 1986. From its opening until the line's extension to Kennedy Town in 2014, Sheung Wan was the westbound terminus of the Island line.
Edward Hamilton-Hill
Commander Edward Alfred Hamilton-Hill OBE (22 November 1908 – 23 October 1979) was an English broadcasting executive, Royal Navy officer and international rugby union player.

Born in Peterborough, Hamilton-Hill was a wing-forward, capped three times for England in 1936, debuting in their historic maiden win over the All Blacks, at Twickenham. His others appearances came against Wales and Ireland in away Home Nations fixtures. He competed for Harlequins in club rugby and also played with the Royal Navy.

Hamilton-Hill served in the Royal Navy during World War II and reached the rank of Commander. He moved to Malta in 1945 to rebuild the Rediffusion radio station and became managing director of Rediffusion (Malta) Ltd. In 1961, Hamilton-Hill was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire for his contributions to broadcasting in Malta.

Rediffusion
Rediffusion was a business that distributed radio and TV signals through wired relay networks.  The business gave rise to a number of other companies, including Associated-Rediffusion, later known as Rediffusion London, the first ITV (commercial television) franchisee to go on air in the UK. Rediffusion also spawned a record label, Rediffusion International Music, in 1968 (which was also responsible for the short-lived Koala label).

Redifon was the name used, until 1981, for companies in the capital goods businesses of Rediffusion, namely Redifon Computers, Redifon Flight Simulation and Redifon Telecommunications.

The Rediffusion brand has been revived and is currently used in China on consumer electrical products and on LED televisions in the UK.
Dig (command)
dig is a network administration command-line tool for querying the Domain Name System (DNS).

dig is useful for network troubleshooting and for educational purposes. It can operate based on command line option and flag arguments, or in batch mode by reading requests from an operating system file. When a specific name server is not specified in the command invocation, it uses the operating system's default resolver, usually configured in the file resolv.conf. Without any arguments it queries the DNS root zone.

dig supports Internationalized domain name (IDN) queries.

dig is a component of the domain name server software suite BIND. dig supersedes in functionality older tools, such as nslookup and the program host; however, the older tools are still used in complementary fashion.

Network management
Network management is the process of administering and managing computer networks. Services provided by this discipline include fault analysis, performance management, provisioning of networks and maintaining quality of service. Network management software is used by network administrators to help perform these functions.
First Russian Art Exhibition
The First Russian Art Exhibition (German: Erste Russische Kunstausstellung Berlin) was the first exhibition of Russian art held in Berlin following the Russian Revolution. It opened at the Gallery van Diemen, 21 Unter den Linden, on Sunday 15 October 1922. The exhibition was hosted by the Soviet People's Commissariat for Education, and proved controversial in relationship to the current developments in avant-garde art in Russia, most notably Constructivism.

Culture of Russia
Russian culture (Russian: Культура России, romanized: Kul'tura Rossii, IPA: [kʊlʲˈturə rɐˈsʲiɪ]) has been formed by the nation's history, its geographical location and its vast expanse, religious and social traditions, and both Eastern and Western influence. Cultural scientists believe that the influence of the East was fairly insignificant, since the Mongols did not coexist with the Russians during conquest, and the indigenous peoples were subjected to reverse cultural assimilation. Unlike the Scandinavian and more western neighbors, which have become the main reason for the formation of modern culture among Russians. Russian writers and philosophers have played an important role in the development of European thought. The Russians have also greatly influenced classical music, ballet, theatre, painting, cinema and sport, The nation has also made pioneering contributions to science and technology and space exploration.
Elenita Binay
Elenita "Ellen" Sombillo Binay (born Elenita Gabriel Sombillo; November 9, 1943) is a Filipina politician and physician. She served as mayor of Makati from 1998 to 2001. She is married to former Vice President Jejomar Binay. She is the mother of Makati Mayors Jejomar "Junjun" Binay, Jr., Abigail Binay, and Nancy Binay, who is also a former senator.

Vice President of the Philippines
Vice President of the Philippines (Filipino: Pangalawang Pangulo ng Pilipinas, also referred to as Bise Presidente ng Pilipinas) is the title of the second-highest official in the executive branch of the Philippine government and is first in the presidential line of succession. The vice president is directly elected by the citizens of the Philippines and is one of only two nationally elected executive officials, the other being the president.

The current office of the vice president was re-established under the 1987 Constitution, bearing similarities with the office as created in the 1935 Constitution that was abolished by the Marcos regime. The vice president may be elected to two consecutive six-year terms. The 15th and incumbent vice president Sara Duterte was inaugurated on June 19, 2022, but her term officially began 11 days later on June 30, as per the constitution.
2005 Lazio regional election
The Lazio regional election of 2005 took place on 3–4 April 2005.

Piero Marrazzo (Independent of The Union) defeated incumbent Francesco Storace (AN, House of Freedoms).

The defeat in Lazio for House of Freedoms was especially important as the centre-right expected to maintain control of the Region. Storace, a leading member in the centre-right, was subsequently granted the status of Minister of Public Health in Berlusconi III Cabinet.

During the electoral campaign, Storace came out with factual evidence that Alessandra Mussolini's Social Alternative had added fake signatures to real ones to reach the minimum number needed to present a list. However, to demonstrate this, he had someone "hack" into the database of the municipality of Rome in order to verify the signatures: he was therefore nicknamed "Storhacker" by Mussolini. It also appeared that someone spied on the centre-left candidate Marrazzo. Storace however denied all the charges.

Hacker
A hacker is a person skilled in information technology who achieves goals and solves problems by non-standard means. The term has become associated in popular culture with a security hacker – someone with knowledge of bugs or exploits to break into computer systems and access data which would otherwise be inaccessible to them. In a positive connotation, though, hacking can also be utilized by legitimate figures in legal situations. For example, law enforcement agencies sometimes use hacking techniques to collect evidence on criminals and other malicious actors. This could include using anonymity tools (such as a VPN or the dark web) to mask their identities online and pose as criminals.

Hacking can also have a broader sense of any roundabout solution to a problem, or programming and hardware development in general, and hacker culture has spread the term's broader usage to the general public even outside the profession or hobby of electronics (see life hack).
Query (complexity)
In descriptive complexity, a query is a mapping from structures of one signature to structures of another vocabulary.  Neil Immerman, in his book Descriptive Complexity, "use[s] the concept of query as the fundamental paradigm of computation" (p. 17).

Given signatures  and , we define the set of structures on each language,  and .  A query is then any mapping

Computational complexity theory can then be phrased in terms of the power of the mathematical logic necessary to express a given query.

Signature (logic)
In mathematical logic, a signature is a description of the non-logical symbols of a formal language. In universal algebra, a signature lists the operations that characterize an algebraic structure. In model theory, signatures are used for both purposes. They are rarely made explicit in more philosophical treatments of logic.
Ferdinand, Graf Bubna von Littitz
Ferdinand, Graf Bubna von Littitz (Czech: Bubna z Litic, 26 November 1768 – 6 June 1825) was a Field marshal lieutenant (Feldmarschalleutnant) of the Imperial Austrian Army during the Napoleonic Wars and also an Austrian Privy Councillor. Bubna is remembered for his role in the liberation of Geneva and the Léman region from fifteen years of French occupation on 29 December 1813. His actions were partially responsible for the creation of the Canton of Geneva which was finalized in 1814-15 at the Congress of Vienna.

Lake Geneva region
The Lake Geneva region is the region of Switzerland encompassing the cantons of Geneva, Vaud and Valais. It is one of the NUTS-2 regions of Switzerland.

The Lemanic Arc (French: Arc lémanique) is the region on the north side of Lake Léman, stretching out from Geneva to Lausanne and Montreux. Its parts are Geneva, La Côte, Lausanne, Lavaux, La Riviera and le Chablais.

The cantons of Geneva and Vaud have a collaboration programme named Métropole lémanique.
Diamond (12012 album)
Diamond is a full-length album from 12012, released on December 12, 2007. The album was their major label debut, after their move to Universal Music. The album is available in two editions, a regular and special edition; the regular containing a bonus track and the special, a DVD featuring making-of footage, the music video for "Diamond", as well as live footage and a promotional poster.

Special edition
The terms special edition, limited edition, and variants such as deluxe edition, collector's edition, expanded edition, or nth anniversary edition are used as a marketing incentive for various kinds of products, originally published products related to the arts, such as books, prints, recorded music and films, and video games, but now including clothing, cars, fine wine, and whisky, among other products.  A limited edition is restricted in the number of copies produced, although in fact the number may be very low or very high. Suzuki (2008) defines limited edition products as those “sold in a state that makes them difficult to obtain because of companies limiting their availability to a certain period, quantity, region, or channel". A special edition implies there is extra material of some kind included.  The term is frequently used on DVD film releases, often when the so-called "special" edition is actually the only version released.
Henry Fitzjames
Henry Fitzjames (c. 1626 – 1685) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons  in 1659 .

Fitzjames was the son of Leweston Fitzjames of Leweston, Dorset. He matriculated at Lincoln College, Oxford on 4 March 1642, aged 15. He was a student of the Middle Temple in 1647.

In 1659, Fitzjames was elected Member of Parliament for Haslemere in the Third Protectorate Parliament.

Fitzjames was buried at Bow Chappell on 5 March 1685.

Fitzjames was the brother of Thomas Fitzjames and John Fitzjames.

Third Protectorate Parliament
The Third Protectorate Parliament sat for one session, from 27 January 1659 until 22 April 1659, with Chaloner Chute and Thomas Bampfylde as the Speakers of the House of Commons. It was a bicameral Parliament, with an Upper House having a power of veto over the Commons.
Ravenscourt Park
Ravenscourt Park or RCP is an 8.3 hectares (21 acres) public park and garden located in the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham, England. It is one of the Borough's flagship parks, having won a Green Flag Award. Stamford Brook and Ravenscourt Park tube stations are close by.

Green Flag Award
The Green Flag Award is an international accreditation given to publicly accessible  parks and open spaces, managed under licence from the Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities, a UK Government department, by Keep Britain Tidy, who also administers the scheme in England.
Zolbetuximab
Zolbetuximab, sold under the brand name Vyloy, is a monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of gastric cancer. It is a claudin 18.2-directed cytolytic antibody against isoform 2 of Claudin-18. Zolbetuximab was developed by Ganymed Pharmaceuticals. Astellas Pharma acquired the rights to zolbetuximab in December 2016, when it acquired Ganymed Pharmaceuticals.

Zolbetuximab was approved for medical use in Japan in March 2024, in the European Union in September 2024, and in the United States in October 2024. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication.

ClinicalTrials.gov
ClinicalTrials.gov is a registry of clinical trials. It is run by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM) at the National Institutes of Health, and holds registrations from over 444,000 trials from 221 countries.
Murder of Cynthia Bolshaw
Cynthia Bolshaw was a British woman who was murdered in 1983 in a crime known as the "Beauty in the Bath" murder. Her murderer, John Taft, was caught 16 years later following breakthroughs in DNA evidence. He later attempted to overturn the conviction.

DNA profiling
DNA profiling (also called DNA fingerprinting and genetic fingerprinting) is the process of determining an individual's deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) characteristics. DNA analysis intended to identify a species, rather than an individual, is called DNA barcoding.

DNA profiling is a forensic technique in criminal investigations, comparing criminal suspects' profiles to DNA evidence so as to assess the likelihood of their involvement in the crime. It is also used in paternity testing, to establish immigration eligibility, and in genealogical and medical research. DNA profiling has also been used in the study of animal and plant populations in the fields of zoology, botany, and agriculture. DNA profiling was discovered by British geneticist Sir Alec Jeffreys in 1984 while he was working at the University of Leicester. He developed the technique of genetic fingerprinting by realizing that some regions of DNA have highly variable repetitive sequences that are unique to each individual.
Landsberg (b Halle/Saale) Süd station
Landsberg (b Halle/Saale) Süd station (German: Haltepunkt Landsberg (b Halle/Saale) Süd) is a railway station in the municipality of Landsberg, located in the Saalekreis district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.

Saalekreis
Saalekreis is a district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. The district seat is Merseburg. Its area is 1,434.2 km2 (553.7 sq mi). It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the districts Kyffhäuserkreis (Thuringia), Mansfeld-Südharz, Salzlandkreis, Anhalt-Bitterfeld, Nordsachsen, Leipzig (both Saxony) and Burgenlandkreis. The district-free city of Halle is surrounded by the Saalekreis.
Barry Moore (Canadian politician)
Barry D. Moore (born 21 August 1944 in Maniwaki, Quebec) is a Canadian industrial commissioner, administrator and politician. Moore was a member of the House of Commons of Canada from 1984 to 1993.

He was elected in the 1984 federal election at the Pontiac—Gatineau—Labelle electoral district for the Progressive Conservative party. He served in the 33rd Canadian Parliament and was re-elected in the 1988 federal election to the 34th Canadian Parliament. In the 1993 federal election, he was defeated by Robert Bertrand of the Liberal Party.

34th Canadian Parliament
The 34th Canadian Parliament was in session from December 12, 1988, until September 8, 1993.  The membership was set by the 1988 federal election on November 21, 1988, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1993 election.

There were three sessions of the 34th Parliament:
Faumea
Faumea is a figure in Polynesian mythology, specifically that of the Tuamotus archipelago of French Polynesia, where she is regarded as an "eel-woman". The sea god Tangaroa encounters her when he sails to her island. In addition to being an eel-woman, Faumea has eels within her vagina which eat men, reflecting the folk concept of vagina dentata. However, Faumea teaches Tangaroa how to lure the eels out and they have sex. Faumea bears Tangaroa two sons: Tu-Nui-Ka-Rere (also called Rata-Nui) and Turi-A-Faumea.

Later, Turi-A-Faumea's wife Hina-Arau-Riki is kidnapped by the octopus-demon Rogo-Tumu-Here. Faumea helps Tangaroa and their sons rescue Hina by holding the wind within "the sweat of her armpit" and then releasing it at Tangaroa's command to power their canoes.

American folklorist Martha Warren Beckwith recorded a similarity or possible relation to the fertility goddess Haumea.

Vagina dentata
Vagina dentata (Latin for 'toothed vagina') is a folk tale tradition in which a vagina is said to contain teeth, with the associated implication that sexual intercourse might result in injury, emasculation, or castration. The topic of vagina dentata may also cover a rare medical condition affecting the vagina, in which case it is more accurately termed a vaginal dermoid cyst.
Russian ship Novorossiysk
Three ships of the Soviet Navy and Russian Navy have been named for the city of Novorossiysk on the Black Sea:

Novorossiysk – a Conte di Cavour-class battleship of the Italian Navy previously named Giulio Cesare, taken by the Soviet Union as reparations following the end of the Second World War.

Soviet aircraft carrier Novorossiysk – a Kiev-class aircraft carrier

Russian submarine Novorossiysk – a Varshavyanka-class submarine

Soviet aircraft carrier Novorossiysk
Novorossiysk (Russian: Новороссийск) was a conventionally powered aircraft carrier (heavy aircraft cruiser in Russian classification) that served the Soviet Navy and the Russian Navy from 1982 to 1993. She was the third Kiev-class vessel to be built. She was designed to engage in offensive actions as a guided missile cruiser mostly using her deck mounted missiles as well as support anti-submarine and surface actions with her embarked air group.
Codex Reginensis Latinus 191
Codex Reginensis Latinus 191 (shelfmark Reg.lat.191) is a 9th-century codex compiled at the Abbey of Saint-Remi in Reims and now held in the Vatican Library. The codex is notable for the text fragments contained within its binding, which include parts of De Moribus by pseudo-Seneca, De Viris Illustribus by Jerome, and a 10th-century list of Brittonic patron saints.

Probus, Cornwall
Probus (Cornish: Lannbrobus) is a civil parish and village in Cornwall, England, in the United Kingdom. It has the tallest church tower in Cornwall. The tower is 129 feet (39 m) high, and richly decorated with carvings. The place name originates from the church's dedication to Saint Probus. The parish population at the 2011 census was 2,299, whereas the ward population taken at the same census was 3,953.
Vassa (film)
Vassa (Russian: Васса) is a 1983 Soviet drama film directed by Gleb Panfilov. It is based on Maxim Gorky's 1910 play Vassa Zheleznova. Vassa won the Golden Prize at the 13th Moscow International Film Festival. The film was also selected as the Soviet entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 56th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.

The film tells the story of how a ruthless matriarch struggles to protect her family's legacy and reputation amidst betrayal, scandal, and her own impending demise in pre-revolutionary Russia.

Vassa Zheleznova (play)
Vassa Zheleznova (Russian: Васса Железнова) is a play by Russian writer Maxim Gorky. He wrote and published the play in 1910. It was not performed until 5 July 1936 in Leningrad after Gorky wrote a new version in 1935.

The play was the basis of several films in the Soviet Union, e.g. the 1953 film of the same name, and in France and Germany.

In 2016, Emily Juniper presented a new version of the play at Southwark Playhouse set in 1990s Liverpool during a dock workers strike.
Pakaʻalana heiau
Pakaʻalana heiau was an ancient Hawaiian temple (heiau) complex, sanctuary and refuge (puʻuhonua) in Waipio Valley where the god Lono was worshiped. It was the religious center on the Island of Hawaii dating before the time of Liloa or his sons Hakau and ʻUmi-a-Līloa. It was also the site of Hale o Liloa that held a statue of the god in a corner of the structure and bones of ancient Native Hawaiians who were revered as gods. The complex is said to have had a six-foot carved stone statue of Liloa. The temple is located in the former district of Hamakua. Here, Kiha killed the leader of a bandit clan named Ika, along with his companions, as a sacrifice.

Sanctuary
A sanctuary, in its original meaning, is a sacred place, such as a shrine, protected by ecclesiastical immunity. By the use of such places as a haven, by extension the term has come to be used for any place of safety. This secondary use can be categorized into human sanctuary, a safe place for people, such as a political sanctuary; and non-human sanctuary, such as an animal or plant sanctuary.