hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
M'hamed Benredouane
M'hamed Benredouane (20 August 1950 – 3 August 2020) was an Algerian politician.

Benredouane worked as a lecturer at Mustapha Pacha hospital in Algiers and was host of the TV program "Avis religieux" on Canal Algérie.

He served as Minister of Religious Affairs under the rule of Sid Ahmed Ghozali from 1991 to 1992. He was a member and once served as Vice-President of the Foundation Emir Abdelkader.

Mustapha Pacha hospital
Centre Hospitalo-Universitair Mustapha Pacha (French: Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Mustapha d'Alge) was founded in 1854 in the town of Moustapha (now Sidi M'Hamed) and is the largest hospital in Algeria.

This hospital center is one of 14 Centre Hospitalo-Universitair under the Algerian Ministry of Health, Population and Hospital Reform.
Ali Osat Hashemi
Ali Osat Hashemi (Persian: علی اوسط هاشمی) is an Iranian reformist politician. He was born 1958 in Sonqor County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. He was the Deputy Minister of Iran's Ministry of Cooperatives, Labour, and Social Welfare and the head of the Iran Technical and Vocational Training Organization, from 2019 to 2021.

Former Deputy Minister of Iran's Ministry of Agriculture Jihad and former CEO of the Central Organization for Rural Cooperatives of Iran in the Government of Hassan Rouhani (2017–2021) and former Governor-general of Sistan and Baluchestan Province in the Government of Hassan Rouhani (2013–17) are among his previous responsibilities mentioned.

Ministry of Agriculture Jihad
The Ministry of Agriculture Jihad (Persian: وزارت جهاد کشاورزی Vezārat-e Jehād-e Kešâvarzi) is an Iranian government body established in 2001 responsible for the oversight of Agriculture in Iran. The ministry has been called Jihad of Construction but it was merged with agriculture ministry in 2001 to form the Ministry of Agricultural Jihad.
Nick Durandt
Nick Durandt  (26 December 1963 – 21 April 2017) was a South African boxing trainer and manager.

During his career, Durandt produced 95 South African champions in all 17 weight divisions, 38 world champions and 27 International champions through the WBC, WBA, IBF, WBO, WBF and IBO organizations.
He was the son of Clifford Michael Durandt (16 April 1940 – 3 October 2002), a South African footballer who played in the English First Division for Wolverhampton Wanderers.

Durandt trained numerous fighters to world titles status, including Thulani "Sugarboy" Malinga, three times South African and three times world champion, Phillip Ndou, Cassius Baloyi, Silence Mabuza, Isaac Hlatshwayo, Jacob Mofokeng, Jeffrey Mathebula, Malcolm Klassen, Siphiwe Nonqayi, Hawk Makepula, Zolani Tete, and Moruti Mthalane.

Isaac Hlatshwayo
Isaac Hlatshwayo (born 4 October 1977) is a South African former professional boxer who competed from 2000 to 2013. He held the IBF welterweight title in 2009, and the IBO lightweight and welterweight titles between 2005 and 2008.
Ejin–Hami railway
Ejin–Hami railway or Eha railway (simplified Chinese: 额哈铁路; traditional Chinese: 額哈鐵路; pinyin: Éhā tiělù), is a railway in western China between Ejin Banner in Alxa League of western Inner Mongolia and the city of Hami in the eastern part of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.  The line runs 644 km (400 mi) through the deserts near the Mongolian border.  Apart from Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang, the line also crosses the Subei Mongol Autonomous County, the sliver of Gansu Province that extends to the Mongolian border.   Construction began on June 30, 2014 and was slated to take three years, but the line opened only 17 months later on December 1, 2015.  The opening of this rail line shortened the distance by rail from Hohhot, Inner Mongolia's capital, to destinations in Xinjiang and Kazakhstan by over 800 km.

China–Mongolia border
The China–Mongolia border is the international border between China and Mongolia. It runs from west to east between the two tripoints with Russia for 4,630 km (2,880 mi), with most of the boundary area lying in the Gobi Desert. It is the world's fourth longest international border.
Olympic Airways (Foals song)
"Olympic Airways" is the fourth and last single from the album Antidotes by Foals. It was released as a digital download, CD and vinyl on 6 October 2008.

Yannis Philippakis stated that the lyrics are about or at least in connection with London Heathrow Airport. In an interview with NME, Philippakis stated that the song was about feelings of isolation, just wanting to be at home, and not wanting to go outside.

The video was directed by Dave Ma and features friends, crude oil, balloons and an octopus.

"Olympic Airways" was featured on the FIFA 09 soundtrack.

FIFA 09
FIFA 09 (titled FIFA Soccer 09 in North America) is a football simulation video game developed by EA Canada and published by Electronic Arts under the EA Sports label. It was released in October 2008 for Microsoft Windows, Nintendo DS, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PlayStation Portable, Wii, Xbox 360 and Zeebo. It was later in November 2008 released for the N-Gage 2.0 and mobile phones.

The demo was released on 10 September 2008 for Windows and on 11 September 2008 for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360. The PS3 and Xbox 360 demos were identical with the exception of the stadium used with the PS3 featuring the FIWC Stadium and the Xbox 360 version using the new Wembley Stadium. The tagline for the game is "Let's FIFA 09".
Follow the Cipher
Follow the Cipher is a Swedish symphonic power metal band from Falun, formed in 2014 by guitarist and songwriter Ken Kängström, a longtime Sabaton contributor. An early line-up featured bassist Jonas Asplind, drummer Karl Löfgren and guitarist/backing vocalist Viktor Carlsson. The band released their self‑titled debut album on Nuclear Blast Records on 11 May 2018. They subsequently issued the single "The Pioneer" with a lyric video in June 2019, and in October 2021 the band announced the departure of vocalist Linda Toni Grahn while releasing "Rewind the Stars" as her farewell track. The band is currently on hold with no replacements for the departed members.

Nuclear Blast Records
Nuclear Blast Records is a German record label with subsidiaries in Germany, the United States and Brazil. It was founded in 1987 by Markus Staiger in Donzdorf. Originally releasing hardcore punk records, the label moved on to releasing albums by thrash metal, melodic death metal, grindcore, industrial metal, power metal and black metal bands, as well as tribute albums. It also distributes and promotes post-hardcore/metalcore labels SharpTone Records. Another post-hardcore/metalcore label, Arising Empire, was in Nuclear Blast's portfolio until its acquisition by Kontor New Media in 2020.

In October 2018, French independent label Believe Digital acquired a majority stake in Nuclear Blast.
Makkonen
Makkonen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jussi Makkonen (born 1985), Finnish ice hockey player

Kari Makkonen (born 1955), Finnish ice hockey player

Leo Makkonen (born 1948), Orthodox Archbishop of Finland

Matti Makkonen (1952–2015), Finnish engineer

Sini-Maria Makkonen (born 1986), Finnish rapper known by her stage name Sini Sabotage

Matti Makkonen
Matti Makkonen (16 April 1952 – 26 June 2015) was a Finnish engineer in the field of mobile communications. He was employed (among others) by Nokia Networks and the then Telecom Finland (branded as Tele), as well as Finnet Oy. Makkonen played a leading role in creating the mobile communication unit of what is today TeliaSonera. In 2008, Makkonen was awarded The Economist Innovation Award in the computing and telecommunications category for his work on text messaging (SMS).
Govert Schüller
Govert Schüller (born 1959) is a Dutch-American author who writes about Jiddu Krishnamurti and theosophy. He studied philosophy at the University of Leiden and the University of Amsterdam. He has also studied under the Heidegger scholar Theodore Kisiel at Northern Illinois University. He has received a Master of Research degree from University of Wales Trinity Saint David.

Schüller's study of Krishnamurti has been called "perhaps the most comprehensive assessment of Krishnamurti from the theosophical point of view." Schüller maintains Alpheus.org, a website "dedicated to esoteric and other alternative interpretations of history", shifting its direction, according to an announcement in October 2013, "towards a more philosophical, skeptical and scientific view".

Northern Illinois University
Northern Illinois University (NIU) is a public research university in DeKalb, Illinois, United States. It was founded as "Northern Illinois State Normal School" in 1895 by Illinois Governor John P. Altgeld, initially to provide the state with college-educated teachers. In addition to the main campus in DeKalb, it has satellite centers in Chicago, Naperville, Rockford, and Oregon, Illinois.

The university is composed of seven degree-granting colleges and has a student body of approximately 16,000. NIU is one of seven public universities in Illinois that compete in NCAA Division I. The athletic teams are known as the Huskies and compete in the Mid-American Conference (MAC).
Airdrome Morane Saulnier L
The Airdrome Morane Saulnier L is an American amateur-built aircraft, designed and produced by Airdrome Aeroplanes, of Holden, Missouri. The aircraft is supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

The aircraft is a 3/4 scale replica of the First World War French Morane-Saulnier L fighter, first flown by French aviator Roland Garros to shoot down an enemy aircraft with a forward-firing machine gun in March 1915. The replica is built from modern materials and powered by modern engines.

Roland Garros (aviator)
Eugène Adrien Roland Georges Garros (French: [ʁɔlɑ̃ ɡaʁos]; 6 October 1888 – 5 October 1918) was a French aviation pioneer and fighter pilot. Garros began a career in aviation in 1909 and performed many early feats such as the first-ever airplane crossing of the Mediterranean Sea in 1913. He joined the French army and became one of the earliest fighter pilots during World War I.  Garros was shot down and died on 5 October 1918. In 1928, the Roland Garros tennis stadium was named in his memory; the French Open tennis tournament officially takes the name of Roland Garros, which is held in this stadium.
Integrity Music
Integrity Music is part of the David C. Cook nonprofit group. Founded as a direct-to-consumer music club in 1987 as Integrity Music, Integrity was at the forefront of contemporary worship music's widespread popularity of praise and worship music. Integrity publishes many of the top songs in the Church, including "We Believe" (Newsboys). The label has also translated albums into Spanish, Mandarin, Hindi, Indonesian, Cantonese, Russian, Dutch, French and Portuguese.

Direct-to-consumer
Direct-to-consumer (DTC or D2C) is a modern variation of the business-to-consumer (B2C) business model. The DTC is a business model of selling products directly to customers and thereby bypassing any third-party retailers, wholesalers, or intermediaries. Direct-to-consumer sales are usually transacted online, but direct-to-consumer brands may also operate physical retail spaces as a complement to their main e-commerce platform in a clicks-and-mortar business model. In the year 2021, direct-to-consumer e-commerce sales in the United States were over $128 billion. Examples of DTC brands currently in business include: Allbirds, Away, Dollar Shave Club, Everlane, Glossier, and Warby Parker.
Eric Curry (photographer)
Eric Curry (born 1956) is an American photographer based in Los Angeles specializing in stock and industrial photography. A graduate of the Art Center College of Design, Curry's photographs have appeared on the cover of Air & Space magazine and have been showcased in the University of California Riverside's California Museum of Photography and the Ordover Gallery at the San Diego Natural History Museum. He was featured on Canon Camera's Canon Digital Learning Center in connection with his "painting with light" technique.

Canon Inc.
Canon Inc. (Japanese: キヤノン株式会社; Hepburn: Kyanon kabushiki gaisha) is a Japanese multinational corporation headquartered in Ōta, Tokyo, specializing in optical, imaging, and industrial products, such as lenses, cameras, police equipment , scanners, printers, and semiconductor manufacturing equipment.

Canon has a primary listing on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the TOPIX Core 30 and Nikkei 225 indexes. It used to have a secondary listing on the New York Stock Exchange.
Coptic script
The Coptic script is the script used for writing the Coptic language, the most recent development of Egyptian. The repertoire of glyphs is based on the uncial Greek alphabet, augmented by letters borrowed from the Egyptian Demotic. It was the first alphabetic script used for the Egyptian language. There are several Coptic alphabets, as the script varies greatly among the various dialects and eras of the Coptic language.

Glyph
A glyph (/ɡlɪf/ GLIF) is any kind of purposeful mark. In typography, a glyph is "the specific shape, design, or representation of a character". It is a particular graphical representation, in a particular typeface (or computer font), of an element of written language. (That 'element' is called a grapheme –  the conceptual abstraction of some letter, number or symbol, which is independent of the glyph designed to represent it in a particular font.)
Deaths in November 2022
The following is a list of notable deaths in November 2022.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Kentucky Senate
The Kentucky Senate is the upper house of the Kentucky General Assembly.  The Kentucky Senate is composed of 38 members elected from single-member districts throughout the Commonwealth.  The Kentucky Senate meets at the Kentucky State Capitol in Frankfort annually beginning in January. Sessions last for 60 legislative days in even-numbered years and 30 legislative days in odd-numbered years.

The Republican Party has had control of the Senate since 1999, currently holding 32 seats, with the Democratic Party holding 5, and 1 seat being vacant. Senators serve four-year terms with no term limits; half (19) of the senators are up for election every second year, coinciding with federal House of Representatives and Senate elections.
Daytona Beach Bike Week
Daytona Beach Bike Week, also called Daytona Bike Week, is a motorcycle event and rally held annually in Daytona Beach, Florida. Events occur throughout Volusia County, including the DeLand Bike Rally in Downtown DeLand on the first Saturday of Bike Week and other events in DeLeon Springs. Over 400,000 people make their way to the rally area for the 10-day event. The festivities include motorcycle racing, concerts, parties, and street festivals. The event is usually held on the first full week of March (including the Fri-Sat-Sun prior to) and contends with the Sturgis Motorcycle Rally as the most popular motorcycle rally in the United States.

Volusia County, Florida
Volusia County (/vəˈluːʃə/ ⓘ, və-LOO-shə) is a county located in the east-central part of the U.S. state of Florida between the St. Johns River and the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2020 census, the county was home to 553,543 people, an increase of 11.9% from the 2010 census. It was founded on December 29, 1854, from a portion of Orange County, and was named for the community of Volusia, located in northwestern Volusia County. The original county seat was Enterprise. Since 1887, the county seat has been DeLand. Volusia County is part of the Deltona–Daytona Beach–Ormond Beach metropolitan statistical area, as well as part of the larger Orlando–Deltona–Daytona Beach Combined statistical area.
Thomas Little (rugby union)
Thomas Joseph Little (23 July 1874 — 12 February 1933) was an Irish international rugby union player.

Born in Dublin, Little played his rugby for Bective Rangers and capped seven times as a forward for Ireland, debuting against Wales in 1898. He featured twice in Ireland's 1899 triple crown-winning campaign and continued in the team until 1901. His captain, Louis Magee, was a cousin. He also played cricket for Leinster.

Little, a doctor, served as a captain with the Royal Army Medical Corps in India during World War I.

Bective Rangers
Bective Rangers Football Club is a rugby union club in Dublin, Ireland founded in 1881.
The Club is affiliated to the Leinster Branch of the Irish Rugby Football Union and played in Division 1A of the Leinster League until the 2024-25 Season. Having won the All Ireland League Provincial Qualifier in April 2025, the club will return to the Energia All Ireland league Division 2C in the 2025/26 Season.
The club plays its games at the Donnybrook Rugby Ground in Donnybrook with a second grounds at Glenamuck.
The Club fields teams from Minis, Youth, U20s Juniors, Senior and Vets.
Nasty Old People
Nasty Old People is a 2009 Swedish film directed by Hanna Sköld, Tangram Film. It premiered on 10 October 2009 at Kontrapunkt in Malmö, and on file sharing site The Pirate Bay.

The film is available as an authorized and legal download under the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-SA.

File sharing
File sharing is the practice of distributing or providing access to digital media, such as computer programs, multimedia (audio, images and video), documents or electronic books. Common methods of storage, transmission and dispersion include removable media, centralized servers on computer networks, Internet-based hyperlinked documents, and the use of distributed peer-to-peer networking.

File sharing technologies, such as BitTorrent, are integral to modern media piracy, as well as the sharing of scientific data and other free content.
Wodonga Saints Football Club
The Wodonga Saints Football Netball Club is an Australian rules football and netball club playing their home games at Martin Park in Wodonga, Victoria, Australia.

Originally established as the Bethanga Football Club in 1907, with the club was based at the Bethanga Park Recreation Reserve, Bethanga, Victoria, Australia up until 2001.

Following the 1999 Victorian Country Football League report that stated a number of clubs, including Bethanga, were on the verge of collapsing if some kind of action was not taken. After playing a handful of matches at Wodonga's Martin Park to see if there would be enough local support to support the club moving there, the club made the decision in 2002 and Bethanga FC relocated fully to Martin Park, Wodonga & were renamed as the Wodonga Saints Football Club.

Arthur Mills (Australian footballer)
Arthur William Mills (22 November 1905 – 9 March 1984) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the Hawthorn Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Local brothers, Arthur Mills and Albert Mills played for Bethanga in the 1926 and 1927 Kiewa & District Football Association grand finals, before the family moved to Oxley, near Wangaratta, playing with Wangaratta Football Club in 1929, then both brothers made their debuts for the Hawthorn Football Club in 1930.

Mills won the 1934 - Ovens & King Football League best and fairest award, the Charles Butler Medal when playing for the Waratahs Football Club.

Mills coached the Waratahs FC to the 1935 O&KFL premiership

Mills played in the 1940 O&KFL premiership with the Milawa Football Club.

He was the older brother of Bert Mills.
Maldegem Formation
The Maldegem Formation (Dutch: Formatie van Maldegem; old name: Kallo Complex) is a geologic formation in the Belgian subsurface. The formation consists of alternating marine clay and sand strata, deposited during the late Eocene.

The Maldegem Formation crops out in the provinces of East Flanders and West Flanders and in the area between the Zenne and Dender rivers. In the northern parts of Flanders it forms an up to 50 meters thick sequence in the subsurface. Further south and to the east (in the Campine of the province of Antwerp) the formation pinches out and can be only a few meters in thickness.

East Flanders
East Flanders (Dutch: Oost-Vlaanderen [ˌoːst ˈflaːndərə(n)] ⓘ; French: Flandre-Orientale [flɑ̃dʁ ɔʁjɑ̃tal] ⓘ; German: Ostflandern [ˈɔstˌflandɐn] ⓘ; West Flemish: Ôost-Vloandern) is a province of Belgium. It borders (clockwise from the North) the Dutch province of Zeeland and the Belgian provinces of Antwerp, Flemish Brabant, Hainaut and West Flanders. It has an area of 3,007 km2 (1,161 sq mi), divided into six administrative districts containing 60 municipalities, and a population of over 1.57 million as of January 2024. The capital is Ghent, home to the Ghent University and the Port of Ghent.
Countryside Partnerships
Countryside Partnerships plc, formerly Countryside Properties plc, is a UK housebuilding and urban regeneration company, operating mainly in London and the South East of England, but with a presence in the North West of England. Until 2022, it was listed on the London Stock Exchange and was a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.

In November 2022, Vistry Group acquired Countryside Partnerships for £1.27 billion.

FTSE 250 Index
The Financial Times Stock Exchange 250 Index, also called the FTSE 250 Index, FTSE 250, or, informally, the "Footsie 250" /ˈfʊtsi/, is a stock market index that consists of the 101st to the 350th mid-cap blue chip companies listed on the London Stock Exchange.
1976 Agfa Colour Cup
The 1976 Agfa Colour Cup was a men's Grand Prix tennis circuit tournament held at the Rochusclub in Düsseldorf, West Germany and played on outdoor clay courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament and was held from 24 May until 30 May 1976. First-seeded Björn Borg won the singles title.

Grand Prix tennis circuit
The ITF Grand Prix Circuit  was a professional tennis tour for male players founded in 1970 as the ILTF Grand Prix Tennis Circuit  it was administered by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) and ran annually until 1989 when it and the rival WCT Circuit were replaced by a single world wide ATP Tour.

The women's tour the ILTF Women's International Grand Prix Circuit ran from 1971 to 1976. It's events were absorbed to form the Colgate International Series.
Phandi
Phandi is an expert on lassoing a wild elephant in Mela shikar. A mahout becomes Phandi after passing a rigorous tests conducted by other phandis. Baro-phandi is equivalent to a master's degree in elephant capturing. Only a few can aspire to become a Baro-phandi. They are men of highest caliber, great courage and well steeped in elephant lore who enjoy iconic status in the folklore of the North-East India.

Lasso
A lasso or lazo (/ˈlæsoʊ/ or /læˈsuː/), also called reata or la reata in Mexico, and in the United States riata or lariat (from Mexican Spanish lasso for roping cattle), is a loop of rope designed as a restraint to be thrown around a target and tightened when pulled. It is a well-known tool of the Mexican and South American cowboys, which was then adopted from the Mexicans by the cowboys of the United States. The word is also a verb; to lasso is to throw the loop of rope around something.
Avezac-Prat-Lahitte
Avezac-Prat-Lahitte (French pronunciation: [avzak pʁat la.it] ⓘ; Occitan: Avesac, Prat e era Hita) is a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department in southwestern France. It was created in 1973 by the merger of two former communes: Lahitte and Avezac-Prat.

Hautes-Pyrénées
Hautes-Pyrénées (French pronunciation: [ot piʁene] ⓘ; Gascon/Occitan: Nauts Pirenèus / Hauts Pirenèus ['awts piɾeˈnɛʊs]; Spanish: Altos Pirineos; Catalan: Alts Pirineus ['alts piɾiˈneʊs]; ) is a department in the region of Occitania, southwestern France. The department is bordered by Pyrénées-Atlantiques to the west, Gers to the north, Haute-Garonne to the east, as well by the Spanish province of Huesca in the autonomous community of Aragon to the south. In 2019, its population was 229,567; its prefecture is Tarbes. It is named after the Pyrenees mountain range.