hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard McBride
Sir Richard McBride, KCMG KC (December 15, 1870 – August 6, 1917) was a British Columbia politician and is often considered the founder of the British Columbia Conservative Party. McBride was first elected to the provincial legislature in the 1898 election and served in the cabinet of James Dunsmuir from 1900 to 1901 as Minister of Mines. McBride believed that the province's system of non-party government was unstable and hindered development. The lieutenant-governor appointed him the 16th premier in June 1903 and McBride announced that his government was a Conservative Party administration and would contest the upcoming election along party lines. On October 3, 1903, McBride's party, the British Columbia Conservative Party won the first provincial election to be fought along party lines with a two-seat majority.

Richard McBride is interred in the Ross Bay Cemetery in Victoria, British Columbia.

Premier of British Columbia
The premier of British Columbia is the first minister and head of government for the Canadian province of British Columbia. Until the early 1970s, the title prime minister of British Columbia was often used. The word premier is derived from the French word of the same spelling, meaning "first"; and ultimately from the Latin word primarius, meaning "primary".
2026 North Dakota Measure 2
2026 North Dakota Measure 2 is a legislatively referred constitutional amendment on the North Dakota ballot on November 3, 2026. If passed, constitutional amendments that are initiated by citizens or referred by the state legislature must receive a 60% "Yes" vote to be adopted.

2026 United States ballot measures
The following is a list of ballot measures, whether initiated by legislators or citizens, which were certified to appear on various states' ballots during the 2026 United States elections. The page includes those that did not make on the ballot but notes that status.
Surimono
Surimono (摺物) are a genre of Japanese woodblock print. They were privately commissioned for special occasions such as the New Year. Surimono literally means "printed thing".   Being produced in small numbers for a mostly educated audience of literati, surimono were often more experimental in subject matter and treatment, and extravagant in printing technique, than commercial prints.  They were most popular from the 1790s to the 1830s, and many leading artists produced them. One of the most famous woodblock artists who got his start from producing surimono was Suzuki Harunobu, credited with being the genius behind the later introduction (in the 1760s) of Nishiki-e ("brocade prints").

Nishiki-e
Nishiki-e (錦絵, "brocade picture") is a type of Japanese multi-coloured woodblock printing; the technique is used primarily in ukiyo-e. It was invented in the 1760s, and perfected and popularized by the printmaker Suzuki Harunobu, who produced many nishiki-e prints between 1765 and his death five years later.

Previously, most prints had been in black-and-white, coloured by hand, or coloured with the addition of one or two colour ink blocks. A nishiki-e print is created by carving a separate woodblock for every colour, and using them in a stepwise fashion. An engraver by the name of Kinroku is credited with the technical innovations that allowed so many blocks of separate colours to fit together perfectly on the page, in order to create a single complete image.

This style and technique is also known as Edo-e (江戸絵, edo-e), referring to Edo, the name for Tokyo before it became the capital.
Goheimochi
Goheimochi (Japanese: 五平餅) is a type of mochi made in the Chubu region of central Japan, specifically in Nagano, Gifu, and Aichi prefectures. Unlike regular mochi it is coated with a type of sweet and sour sauce, usually composed of sugar, soy sauce, and mirin. The mochi is then skewered and grilled. Goheimochi is typically made in one of two shapes: Waraji is shaped like a traditional sandal and rounded mochi is served on a skewer. The mochi is usually only half-cooked so that some grains of rice remain, the rice is usually short-grain rice giving goheimochi a firmer texture compared to standard mochi.

Hida (region)
Hida (飛騨) is the northern portion of Gifu Prefecture in the Chūbu region of Japan. The Hida region received its name because the area was formerly part of Hida Province, before the formation of prefectures in Japan. The borders of this region are not officially set, but it generally consists of the following four municipalities: Takayama, Hida, Gero and Shirakawa.
Martha Tracy
Martha Tracy (April 10, 1876 – March 22, 1942) served as dean of the Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania (WMCP) from 1917 to 1940, leading the institution through the Great Depression. She created a department of preventive medicine within the college and was the first professor of preventive medicine at WMC.: 138

Beginning in the mid-1920s, Tracy rallied support to build a new hospital and college, raising $1.5 million over five years and opening a new building in East Falls, Philadelphia in 1930. In 1940, she joined the City of Philadelphia as assistant director of Health.

American Association for Cancer Research
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) is the world's oldest and largest professional association related to cancer research. Based in Philadelphia, the AACR focuses on all aspects of cancer research, including basic, clinical, and translational research into the etiology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. Founded in 1907 by 11 physicians and scientists, the organization now has more than 58,000 members in 142 countries and territories. The mission of the AACR is to prevent and cure cancer through research, education, communication, collaboration, science policy and advocacy, and funding for cancer research.
History of Caribbean Americans in Baltimore
The city of Baltimore, Maryland includes a large and growing Caribbean-American population. The Caribbean-American community is centered in West Baltimore. The largest non-Hispanic Caribbean populations in Baltimore are Jamaicans, Trinidadians and Tobagonians, and Haitians. Baltimore also has significant Hispanic populations from the Spanish West Indies, particularly Puerto Ricans, Dominicans, and Cubans. Northwest Baltimore is the center of the West Indian population of Baltimore, while Caribbean Hispanics in the city tend to live among other Latinos in neighborhoods such as Greektown, Upper Fell's Point, and Highlandtown. Jamaicans and Trinidadians are the first and second largest West Indian groups in the city, respectively. The neighborhoods of Park Heights and Pimlico in northwest Baltimore are home to large West Indian populations, particularly Jamaican-Americans.

Pimlico, Baltimore
Pimlico is a neighborhood in Baltimore, Maryland. It is the site of Pimlico Race Course, which holds the Preakness Stakes, one of the three legs of the Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing. From 1896 through 1915, Pimlico was also the home of Baltimore's Electric Park, a popular amusement park located near the intersection of Reisterstown Road and Belvedere Avenue.
Sergei Sobolev
Prof Sergei Lvovich Sobolev, FRSE (Russian: Серге́й Льво́вич Со́болев; 6 October 1908 – 3 January 1989) was a Soviet mathematician working in mathematical analysis and partial differential equations.

Sobolev introduced notions that are now fundamental for several areas of mathematics. Sobolev spaces can be defined by some growth conditions on the Fourier transform. They and their embedding theorems are an important subject in functional analysis. Generalized functions (later known as distributions) were first introduced by Sobolev in 1935 for weak solutions, and further developed by Laurent Schwartz. Sobolev abstracted the classical notion of differentiation, so expanding the range of application of the technique of Newton and Leibniz. The theory of distributions is considered now as the calculus of the modern epoch.

Laurent Schwartz
Laurent-Moïse Schwartz (French: [lɔʁɑ̃ mɔiz ʃvaʁts]; 5 March 1915 – 4 July 2002) was a French mathematician who received the Fields Medal in 1950 for pioneering the theory of distributions or generalized functions, giving a well-defined meaning to objects such as the Dirac delta function. For several years he taught at the École polytechnique.
Armenian School (Madras)
The Armenian School at Madras (now Chennai) was founded before 1820. There are no records which date the establishment or founder's name. In 1820 an Armenian merchant named George Manook bestowed Rs. 30,000 to the school, which closed in 1889 due to a lack of pupils. In 1912 it was decided to divert the income of the School to the Armenian College (Kolkata).

Armenian College (Kolkata)
Armenian College and Philanthropic Academy (ACPA) is an Armenian school in Kolkata, India. As of 2015, it is the sole Armenian-centred school in the eastern section of the world, and has been so throughout its history. It is commonly known as the Armenian College.

It serves students from Class I, until Class X.
Begna, Norway
Begna or Begna bruk is a village in Sør-Aurdal Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located in the Begnadalen valley, along the north shore of the river Begna, about 30 kilometres (19 mi) to the southeast of the village of Bagn which is the municipal centre of Sør-Aurdal. The European route E16 highway runs along the southern shore of the river, accessible by a nearby bridge. The village lies about 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) to the northwest of the municipal (and county) border. Ringerike Municipality lies on the other side of the border.

The village is the site of a large sawmill which is the largest industrial site in Valdres. The sawmill sells about 200 million kr worth of lumber each year.

Begnadalen
Begnadalen is a valley in Norway. The valley runs through Sør-Aurdal Municipality in Innlandet county and Ringerike Municipality in Buskerud county. The 45-kilometre (28 mi) long valley follows the river Begna from Bagn to the lake Sperillen. The European route E16 passes through the valley. In the central part of the valley, the Church of Norway has a church which is called the Begnadalen Church.

The main Begnadalen valley has several smaller side valleys that branch off of it. The Hedalen valley extends to the south and west of the main valley. The Vidalen extends to the south of the Hedalen valley and the Vassfaret valley extends to the west of the Hedalen valley.
Sullurupeta railway station
Sullurupeta railway station (station code:SPE) is an NSG–5 category Indian railway station in Chennai railway division of Southern Railway zone. It located in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, serves Sullurpeta in Tirupati district.

Chennai railway division
Chennai railway division is one of the six railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Southern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. Chennai Division was formed on 31 August 1956 . Currently, it has a route length of over 697.93 km and  track length of 1934.68 km. Its administrative headquarters is in Chennai, which also happens to be the headquarters of the Southern Railway.
Tadpole graph
In the mathematical discipline of graph theory, the (m,n)-tadpole graph is a special type of graph consisting of a cycle graph on m (at least 3) vertices and a path graph on n vertices, connected with a bridge.

Path graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, a path graph (or linear graph) is a graph whose vertices can be listed in the order v1, v2, ..., vn such that the edges are {vi, vi+1} where i = 1, 2, ..., n − 1.  Equivalently, a path with at least two vertices is connected and has two terminal vertices (vertices of degree 1), while all others (if any) have degree 2.

Paths are often important in their role as subgraphs of other graphs, in which case they are called paths in that graph.  A path is a particularly simple example of a tree, and in fact the paths are exactly the trees in which no vertex has degree 3 or more. A disjoint union of paths is called a linear forest.

Paths are fundamental concepts of graph theory, described in the introductory sections of most graph theory texts. See, for example, Bondy and Murty (1976), Gibbons (1985), or Diestel (2005).
Supamop
The Supamop (stylized as SupaMop, Chinese: 好神拖; pinyin: hǎo shén tūo) is a mop designed and manufactured by Farcent Enterprise, originating in Taiwan in 2008. It allows users to easily control the dampness of the mop head while offering a combination of cleaning, dust absorption, and water absorption features. Known for its convenience, efficiency, and ergonomic design, Supamop has gained popularity for its claimed ability to provide thorough cleaning without requiring significant effort. It received the 2011 Red Dot Design Award as an "innovative cleaning system follows a function-oriented design principle".

Mop
A mop (such as a floor mop) is a mass or bundle of coarse strings or yarn, etc., or a piece of cloth, sponge or other absorbent material, attached to a pole or stick. It is used to soak up liquid, for cleaning floors and other surfaces, to mop up dust, or for other cleaning purposes.
The Practice of the 'One Country, Two Systems' Policy in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
The Practice of the 'One Country, Two Systems' Policy in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is a white paper issued by the State Council Information Office of the People's Republic of China (PRC) on the practice of the "one country, two systems" policy in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR).

The paper was issued on 10 June 2014 in the midst of public debate on the 2014 Hong Kong electoral reform and preparations for the Occupy Central movement by the pan-democracy camp. The paper stated the scope of Hong Kong’s high degree of autonomy is not inherent, but solely determined by the Central Authorities’ delegation of power, stating Hong Kong that did not have residual powers. It reasserts the "comprehensive jurisdiction" of Central Authorities over all of China, including the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

State Council Information Office
The State Council Information Office (SCIO) is the chief information office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China and  an external name of the Central Propaganda Department of the Chinese Communist Party.

Historically, SCIO was the external name of the Office of External Propaganda (OEP) of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) under an arrangement termed "one institution with two names." In 2014, OEP was absorbed into the Central Propaganda Department, turning SCIO into an external nameplate.
East Haddam Swing Bridge
The East Haddam Swing Bridge is a steel, movable (swing) truss bridge. The bridge is composed of three spans crossing the Connecticut River between Haddam, Connecticut and East Haddam, Connecticut. The bridge carries Route 82, with an average daily traffic of 11,600. At the time of its construction, it was reputed to be the longest swing bridge of its kind in the world.

Haddam, Connecticut
Haddam is a town in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Lower Connecticut River Valley Planning Region. The population was 8,452 at the time of the 2020 census. It is the only town in Connecticut that the Connecticut River runs through the middle of instead of at the town's border edge. The town was also home to the now-decommissioned Connecticut Yankee Nuclear Power Plant.
1993 du Maurier Classic
The 1993 du Maurier Classic was contested from August 26–29 at London Hunt Club. It was the 21st edition of the du Maurier Classic, and the 15th edition as a major championship on the LPGA Tour.

This event was won by Brandie Burton in a sudden-death playoff with Betsy King with a birdie on the first extra playoff hole.

Canadian Women's Open
The Canadian Women's Open (French: Omnium féminin du Canada), currently branded as the CPKC Women's Open for sponsorship reasons, is a women's professional golf tournament managed by Golf Canada. It has been Canada's national championship tournament since its founding in 1973, and is an official event on the LPGA Tour.
Maria, Siquijor
Maria, officially the Municipality of Maria (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Maria; Tagalog: Bayan ng Maria), is a municipality in the province of Siquijor, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 15,146 people.

The name change from the previous local name, Kangmenia, was made by Spanish friars in 1880 to honor Mary, mother of Jesus. Maria is 32 kilometres (20 mi) from the provincial capital Siquijor.

Siquijor, Siquijor
Siquijor, officially the Municipality of Siquijor (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Siquijor; Tagalog: Bayan ng Siquijor), is a municipality and titular capital of the province of Siquijor, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 30,215 people.
George Andrew Olah
George Andrew Olah (born Oláh András György; May 22, 1927 – March 8, 2017) was a Hungarian-American chemist. His research involved the generation and reactivity of carbocations via superacids. For this research, Olah was awarded a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1994 "for his contribution to carbocation chemistry." He was also awarded the Priestley Medal, the highest honor granted by the American Chemical Society and F.A. Cotton Medal for Excellence in Chemical Research of the American Chemical Society in 1996.

After the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, he immigrated to the United Kingdom, which he left for Canada in 1964, finally resettling in the United States in 1965. According to György Marx, he was one of The Martians.

György Marx
György Marx (25 May 1927 – 2 December 2002) was a Hungarian physicist, astrophysicist, science historian and professor. He discovered the lepton numbers and established the law of lepton flavor conservation.
Out(Fn)
In mathematics, Out(Fn) is the outer automorphism group of a free group on n generators. These groups are at universal stage in geometric group theory, as they act on the set of presentations with  generators of any finitely generated group. Despite geometric analogies with general linear groups and mapping class groups, their complexity is generally regarded as more challenging, which has fueled the development of new techniques in the field.

Mapping class group
In mathematics, in the subfield of geometric topology, the mapping class group is an important algebraic invariant of a topological space.  Briefly, the mapping class group is a certain discrete group corresponding to symmetries of the space.
D. K. Pattammal
Damal Krishnaswamy Pattammal (pronunciationⓘ) (19 March 1919 – 16 July 2009), popularly known as D. K. Pattammal or DKP, was an Indian Carnatic musician and a playback singer for film songs in Tamil. Pattammal, along with her contemporaries M. S. Subbulakshmi and M. L. Vasanthakumari, are popularly referred to as the female trinity of Carnatic Music. This trio initiated the entry of women into mainstream Carnatic Music. She has been appreciated all over the world by Carnatic music lovers.

Sangita Kalanidhi
Sangita Kalanidhi (transl. Treasure of Music and Art) is the title awarded annually to a Carnatic musician by the Madras Music Academy.

From 1929 to 1941, the award did not exist. The award was conceived in 1942 by Academy President K. V. Krishnaswami Iyer and on 1 January 1943 all musicians who had presided over the annual conferences between 1929 and 1942 were awarded the title. This included 2 or 3 past presidents - Palamarneri Swaminatha Iyer (1931), probably Umayalpuram Swaminatha Iyer (1936) and Mangudi Chidambara Bhagavatar (1937) - but no posthumous award has been presented since then. At times,  1946 is cited as the year of Umayalpuram Swaminatha Iyer's death, in which case he might have received the Sangita Kalanidhi in his lifetime.
Old and Young Drift
Old and Young Drift are geographic names given to the morainic landscapes that were formed in Central Europe; the Old Drift during the older ice ages and the Young Drift during the latest glaciations – the Weichselian in North Germany and the Würm in the Alps. Their landforms are quite different. Areas of Old Drift have been heavily flattened and transformed as a result of geomorphic processes such as denudation and erosion, whilst areas of Young Drift have largely retained their original shape. Whilst the majority of Old Drift moraines were formed during the Saale glaciation about 130,000 to 140,000 years ago, the Young Drift moraines in Central Europe are only about 15,000 to 20,000 years old. The terms Old and Young Drift are used for all elements of the glacial series even though the meltwater deposits and landforms are not strictly moraines.

Glacial series
The glacial series refers to a particular sequence of landforms in Central Europe that were formed during the Pleistocene glaciation beneath the ice sheets, along their margins and on their forelands during each glacial advance.
Spearing the Sparrow
In shogi, Spearing the Sparrow (雀刺し or スズメ刺し suzumezashi) is one of the substrategies of the Fortress (Static Rook) class of openings. The strategy is basically an edge attack on the first file if played by Black or the ninth file if played by White. The player's rook characteristically moves to the respective edge file to support an attack there along with the right knight, the edge pawn, the right lance, and the bishop.

Shogi opening
A shogi opening (戦法 senpō) is the sequence of initial moves of a shogi game before the middle game. The more general Japanese term for the beginning of the game is joban (序盤).

A jōseki (定跡) is the especially recommended sequence of moves for a given opening that was considered balanced play at one point in time for both sides by professional players. (However, some jōsekis have become outdated when they are reevaluated to no longer give balanced play.) Jōsekis also typically include commentary about the possible reasons to deviate from the jōseki especially regarding blunders.

Note that not all openings have jōsekis. For example, trap openings like Demon Slayer, while they may have standard moves, are considered to favor one player and are not balanced play. Thus, the Demon Slayer opening is not a jōseki.
Valve gear
The valve gear of a steam engine is the mechanism that operates the inlet and exhaust valves to admit steam into the cylinder and allow exhaust steam to escape, respectively, at the correct points in the cycle. It can also serve as a reversing gear. It is sometimes referred to as the "motion".

Poppet valve
A poppet valve (also sometimes called mushroom valve) is a valve typically used to control the timing and quantity of petrol (gas) or vapour flow into or out of an engine, but with many other applications.

It consists of a hole or open-ended chamber, usually round or oval in cross-section, and a plug, usually a disk shape on the end of a shaft known as a valve stem. The working end of this plug, the valve face, is typically ground at a 45° bevel to seal against a corresponding valve seat ground into the rim of the chamber being sealed. The shaft travels through a valve guide to maintain its alignment.

A pressure differential on either side of the valve can assist or impair its performance. In exhaust applications higher pressure against the valve helps to seal it, and in intake applications lower pressure helps open it.
William S. Howes
William S. Howes (June 25, 1926 – July 12, 2000 ) was a farmer, municipal secretary and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Kerrobert-Kindersley from 1964 to 1971 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Liberal.

He was born in Kindersley, Saskatchewan, the son of William H. Howes and Hazel May Skinkle, and was educated there. In 1947, he married Carrie Lou Carrie Lou Naffziger. Howes served as deputy speaker in the Saskatchewan assembly. He was defeated by Alex Taylor when he ran for reelection to the assembly in 1971.

Alex Taylor (Canadian politician)
Alex Taylor (born 24 January 1936) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan from 1971 to 1975, as a NDP member for the constituency of Kerrobert–Kindersley. He is a clergyman, born in Glasgow, Scotland.