hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Winston Belcher
John Winston Belcher (born 1943) is a professor of physics emeritus holding the "Class of '22" professorship at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Professor Belcher's research interests are within the areas of space plasma physics. He was the principal investigator on the Voyager Plasma Science Experiment and is now a co-investigator on the Plasma Science Experiment on board the Voyager Interstellar Mission. Professor Belcher has twice received the NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal, and received the 2016 Oersted Medal for his exceptional work in revolutionizing the Undergraduate Physics department at MIT by introducing novel teaching formats such as TEAL. Belcher is actively involved in Mental Health initiatives at the institute and is an active MacVicar Faculty Fellow (2000–2006)

NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal
The NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal (abbrv. ESAM) was established by NASA on September 15, 1961, when the original ESM was divided into three separate awards. Under its guidelines, the ESAM is awarded for unusually significant scientific contribution toward achievement of aeronautical or space exploration goals. This award may be given for individual efforts that have resulted in a contribution of fundamental importance in this field, or have significantly enhanced understanding of this field.
Jae-shin
Jae-shin is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Chai-Shin Yu (1932–2023), Korean-Canadian academic

Fictional characters with this name include:

Jae-sin,  in 2007 South Korean film Our Town

Moon Jae-shin, in 2010 South Korean television series Sungkyunkwan Scandal

Lee Jae-shin, in 2012 South Korean television series The King 2 Hearts

Yoo Jae-shin, in 2016 South Korean television series Guardian: The Lonely and Great God

Our Town (2007 film)
Our Town (Korean: 우리 동네) is a 2007 South Korean crime thriller film written and directed by Jeong Gil-yeong, starring Oh Man-seok, Lee Sun-kyun and Ryu Deok-hwan. The film received a total of 377,591 admissions nationwide from released date 29 November 2007.
Rhône culture
The Rhône culture was an archaeological culture of the Early Bronze Age (c. 2200-1500 BC) located in eastern France and western Switzerland, centred along the Rhône river. The culture developed from the local Bell Beaker culture, possibly with further migrations from central Europe. According to Sergent (1995) the Rhône culture represents a southern variant of the Unetice culture. Rhône culture metalwork and pottery are particularly similar to those of the Straubing group in Bavaria.

Rhône
The Rhône (/roʊn/ ROHN, French: [ʁon] ⓘ; Occitan: Ròse; Arpitan: Rôno) is a major river in France and Switzerland, rising in the Alps and flowing west and south through Lake Geneva and Southeastern France before discharging into the Mediterranean Sea (Gulf of Lion). At Arles, near its mouth, the river divides into the Great Rhône (French: le Grand Rhône; Occitan: Grand Ròse) and the Little Rhône (le Petit Rhône; Pichon Ròse). The resulting delta forms the Camargue region.

The river's source is the Rhône Glacier, at the eastern edge of the Swiss canton of Valais. The glacier is part of the Saint-Gotthard Massif, which gives rise to three other major rivers: the Reuss, Rhine and Ticino.

The Rhône is, with the Po and the Nile, one of the three Mediterranean rivers with the largest water discharge.
John K. Shaw
John K. Shaw (born 16 October 1968) is a Scottish chess player and author who holds the FIDE title of Grandmaster. He won the Scottish Championship in 1995 (tied), 1998, and 2000 (tied).

Shaw is an uncommon example of great progress in an adult chess player. In 1988, at age 19, his rating was 1745, which is the strength of an above average club player. He received the title of FIDE Master (FM) in 1994, International Master (IM) in 1999, and Grandmaster (GM) in 2006. To qualify for the GM title, he gained three norms at Gibraltar 2003, Calvia Olympiad 2004 and 4NCL Season 2005/6.

Shaw has competed with Scotland's chess team at ten Chess Olympiads: 1994, 1996, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.

A writer of chess books, Shaw is also the Chief Editor of the publishing house Quality Chess.

40th Chess Olympiad
The 40th Chess Olympiad (Turkish: 40. Satranç Olimpiyatı), organised by the Fédération Internationale des Échecs and comprising an open and women's tournament, as well as several events designed to promote the game of chess, was an international team chess event that took place in Istanbul, Turkey, from 27 August to 10 September 2012. The city also hosted the event in 2000.

More than 1,700 players and team captains participated, including 157 teams in the open and 127 teams in the women's section. The main competitive events were held at the Istanbul Expo Center. The Chief Arbiter of the event was Greece's International Arbiter Panagiotis Nikolopoulos.
Reutte District
The Bezirk Reutte is an administrative district (Bezirk) in Tyrol, Austria. It borders Bavaria (Germany) in the north, the districts Imst and Landeck in the south, and Bregenz and Bludenz (both in Vorarlberg) in the west. The district is also referred to as Außerfern.

The district is 1,236.37 km2 (477.37 square miles), with a population of 31,758 (January 1, 2012), and population density of 26 inhabitants per square kilometre (67/sq mi). Administrative center is Reutte.

Bludenz District
The Bezirk Bludenz is an administrative district (Bezirk) in Vorarlberg, Austria.

Area of the district is 1,287.63 km², population is 61,407 (January 1, 2012), and population density 48 persons per km². Administrative center of the district is Bludenz.
Jouve
Jouve is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

André Jouve (1929–2019), French conductor and radio producer

Georges Jouve, French ceramist

Jacques Jouve (1932–2014), French politician

Jérémy Jouve (born 1979), French classical guitarist

Joseph Duval-Jouve (1810–1883), French botanist

Mireille Jouve (born 1960), French politician

Nicole Ward Jouve (born 1938), French writer and literary critic

Paul Jouve (1878–1973), French painter and sculptor

Pierre Jean Jouve (1887–1976), French author

Richard Jouve (born 1994), French cross-country skier

Roger Jouve (born 1949), French footballer

Sébastien Jouve (born 1982), French canoeist

Valérie Jouve (born 1964), French photographer and filmmaker

Nicole Ward Jouve
Nicole Ward Jouve (born 1938) is a French writer and literary critic, who writes in both French and English. For most of her career Ward Jouve lived and worked in England. She is Emeritus Professor of Literature at the University of York.

Ward Jouve has been influenced by French literary critics such as Roland Barthes, Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray and Hélène Cixous. She writes in French, before translating herself into English.
Luksefjell Church
Luksefjell Church (Norwegian: Luksefjell kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Skien Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It is located in the village of Luksefjell. It is one of the churches for the Gjerpen parish which is part of the Skien prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. The white, wooden church was built in a rectangular design in 1858 using plans drawn up by the architect Anders Thorsen. The church seats about 104 people.

Diocese of Agder og Telemark
The Diocese of Agder og Telemark (Norwegian: Agder og Telemark bispedømme) is a diocese of the Church of Norway, covering all of Agder county and Telemark county in Norway. The cathedral city is Kristiansand, Norway's fifth largest city. Kristiansand Cathedral serves as the seat of the presiding Bishop. The bishop since 2013 has been Stein Reinertsen. As of 1 January 2003, there were 347,324 members of the Church of Norway in the diocese.
Islamic military jurisprudence
Islamic military jurisprudence refers to what has been accepted in Sharia (Islamic law) and Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) by Ulama (Islamic scholars) as the correct Islamic manner, expected to be obeyed by Muslims, in times of war. Some scholars and Muslim religious figures describe armed struggle based on Islamic principles as the lesser jihad.

Abdulaziz Sachedina
Abdulaziz Abdulhussein Sachedina (1942 – 3 December 2025) was a Tanzanian-born American Islamic scholar who was a professor and the International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT) Chair in Islamic Studies at George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia.
Episode 2 (Ashes to Ashes series 1)
"Episode 2" is the second episode of series 1 of the British science fiction/police procedural drama television series Ashes to Ashes, which is the sequel to Life on Mars. It began broadcasting on BBC One on 14 February 2008.

Steve Strange
Stephen John Harrington (28 May 1959 – 12 February 2015), known professionally as Steve Strange, was a Welsh singer and nightclub host and promoter. Strange began his career in several short-lived punk bands of the late 1970s. Quickly becoming disaffected by the British punk scene, he became one of the most influential figures behind the New Romantic subcultural movement of the late 1970s and early 1980s, which spawned the Blitz Kids.

Strange was the lead vocalist of the new wave synth-pop group Visage, which had five top 30 songs on the UK singles chart between 1981 and 1982, including their highest charting single "Fade to Grey", which reached no. 8 in February 1981.
In the Movies
In the Movies is the fourth compilation album by American rapper and actor Ice Cube. It was released on September 4, 2007, through Priority Records. The collection is composed of 16 previously released songs from several films and film soundtracks in which Ice Cube have contributed, from his acting debut in the 1991 film Boyz n the Hood to 2005's xXx: State of the Union.

Production was handled by Cube himself, as well as Sir Jinx, Bud'da, One Eye, Dr. Dre, Hallway Productionz, Paul Oakenfold, Rick "Dutch" Cousin, Rockwilder, Sam Sneed and Steve Osborne, with Frank Collura serving as a compilation producer. It features guest appearances from Mack 10, Dr. Dre, Ice-T, K-Dee, Master P, Mr. Short Khop, Ms. Toi and Paul Oakenfold.

The album peaked at number 169 on the Billboard 200, number 34 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and number 13 on the Top Rap Albums charts in the United States.

Ms. Toi
Toikeon Parham, known professionally as Ms. Toi, is an American rapper. She is featured on the Ice Cube song "You Can Do It" with Mack 10, released on the soundtrack albums for the feature films Next Friday and Save the Last Dance. "You Can Do It" became a major club hit in 2000, and its video received airplay on BET.
Marion County Courthouse (Georgia)
The Marion County Courthouse is a historic county courthouse in Buena Vista, Georgia, county seat of Marion County, Georgia. It was built in 1850 of local brick. A historical marker commemorates the courthouse and its construction. A columned entrance was added in 1928. The courthouse's architecture is described as Vernacular architecture with Neoclassical Revival architecture alterations. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 18, 1980. It is located in Courthouse Square.

The Old Marion County Courthouse in Tazewell, Georgia is also listed on the National Register.

Marion County, Georgia
Marion County is a county located in the west central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 7,498. The county seat is Buena Vista. The county was created on December 14, 1827. The county was named for General Francis Marion of South Carolina.

Marion County is included in the Columbus, GA-AL metropolitan statistical area.

The art site of Pasaquan is located in Marion County.
Kyung-soo
Kyung-soo, also spelled Kyoung-soo, is a Korean given name. According to South Korean government data, Kyung-soo was the seventh-most popular name for baby boys born in 1940.

People with this name include:

Choi Gyeong-su (born 1945), South Korean wrestler

Byun Kyung-soo (born 1958), South Korean sport shooter

Kim Kyoung-soo (born 1967), South Korean politician

Park Kyung-soo (born 1969), South Korean television screenwriter

Lee Kyung-soo (born 1973), South Korean football defender

Lee Gyeong-su (born 1979), South Korean volleyball player

Ko Kyung-soo (born 1985), South Korean handball player

D.O. (entertainer) (born Doh Kyung-soo, 1993), South Korean singer and actor, member of boy band Exo

Fictional characters with this name include:

Kim Kyung-soo, in 2001 South Korean film Volcano High

Kim Kyoung-soo
Kim Kyoung-soo (Korean: 김경수; born 1 December 1967) is a South Korean politician who served as a member of the National Assembly of South Korea from 2016 to 2018, and as Governor of South Gyeongsang Province from 2018 to 2021, until he was convicted and arrested for opinion rigging.
Getoar
Getoar is an Albanian given name for males. It is composed of the first two letters of Albanian subethnic divisions.

GE stands for Gheg living in the north of Albanian lands (Northern Albania) and speaking the Gheg Dialect.

TO for Tosk living in the south and speaking the Tosk Dialect

AR for Arbëresh, Albanians living in Italy, Greece etc. and speaking varieties of Albanian like Arbëresh and Arvanitika.

Notable people bearing this name include:

Getoar Selimi (born 1982), member of the rap group "Tingulli 3nt" and head of "Baba Records"

Getoar Mjeku (born 1987), Kosovar Albanian lawyer, writer and politician

Tingulli 3nt
Tingulli 3nt, also known as Tingulli Trent, is a Kosovo-Albanian hip hop group formed in 1996. The group members are Getoar Selimi and Agon Amiga. His brother "Liberian Selimi" was also active in the rap scene during his teenage years. Tingulli 3nt took the Albanian music scene by a storm in the early 2000s with their always innovative, groundbreaking songs and music videos. In the late 2000s it became the most known and the most influential hip hop group in the scene. In the summer of 2010 Tingulli 3nt collaborated with Ermal Fejzullahu, a famous Albanian folk singer. The video of the song was reportedly censured, because of the excessive nudity exposed in the images.
Cave (name)
Cave is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:

Surname:

Cave (surname)

Given name:

Cave Beck (1623–c.1706), English schoolmaster and clergyman, author of an early constructed language

Cave Johnson (1793–1866), U.S. Congressman from Tennessee and United States Postmaster General

Cave Underhill (1634 – c. 1710), English actor

Cave Johnson Couts (1821-1874), American soldier

Fictional characters:

Cave Carson, character in science fiction stories published by DC Comics

Cave Johnson (Portal), character in Portal video games

Cave Beck
Cave Beck (1623 – 1706) was an English schoolmaster and clergyman, the author of The Universal Character (published in London, 1657) in which he proposed a universal language based on a numerical system.
Patrick Scheuber
Patrick Scheuber (born 10 December 1986, Stans) is a Swiss sport shooter who competes in the men's 10 metre air pistol. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he finished 32nd in the qualifying round, failing to make the cut for the final.

Shooting at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 10 metre air pistol
The Men's 10 metre air pistol event at the 2012 Olympic Games took place on 28 July 2012 at the Royal Artillery Barracks.

The event consisted of two rounds: a qualifier and a final. In the qualifier, each shooter fired 60 shots with an air pistol at 10 metres distance. Scores for each shot were in increments of 1, with a maximum score of 10.

The top 8 shooters in the qualifying round moved on to the final round. There, they fired an additional 10 shots. These shots scored in increments of 0.1, with a maximum score of 10.9. The total score from all 70 shots was used to determine final ranking.
Gay Muslims
Gay Muslims (2006) is a Channel 4 documentary about a man named Joe Zakar, produced and directed by Cara Lavan, about the experiences of five Muslim people who identify as lesbian and gay and how they challenge the heterosexual-worldview within Islam, and attempt to integrate Islam with homosexuality. It is usually a stark choice between suppressing homosexual desires and leading an undercover double life, or coming out and losing the respect and support of their families and communities.

Closeted
Closeted and in the closet are metaphors for LGBTQ people who have not disclosed their sexual orientation or gender identity and aspects thereof, including sexual identity and sexual behavior. This metaphor is associated and sometimes combined with coming out, the act of revealing one's sexuality or gender to others, to create the phrase "coming out of the closet".

Some reasons why LGBTQ people stay closeted include discrimination, fear for one's safety, internalized homophobia or transphobia, or living in a hostile environment.
Faridpur, Bangladesh
Faridpur is a city located in southern Bangladesh. It is the largest municipality in Dhaka Division in the city proper. It is a major commercial hub in southern Bangladesh and the headquarters of Faridpur District and Faridpur Sadar Upazila.

Dhaka Division
Dhaka Division (Bengali: ঢাকা বিভাগ, romanized: Ḍhaka Bibhag) is an administrative division of Bangladesh. Dhaka serves as the capital city of Dhaka Division, the Dhaka District and Bangladesh. The division remains a population magnet, and covers an area of 20,508.8 km2 with a population in excess of 44 million, it is one of the fastest growing populous administrative divisions of the world, growing at a rate of 1.94% since prior count, compared with the national average of 1.22%. However, national figures may include data skewing expatriation of male labor force as gender ratio is skewed towards females.

Dhaka Division borders every other division in the country except Rangpur Division. It is bounded by Mymensingh Division to the north, Barisal Division to the south, Chittagong Division to the east and south-east, Sylhet Division to the north-east, and Rajshahi Division to the west and Khulna Divisions to the south-west.
Sangrampur, Rautahat
Sangrampur was a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal.

Just before 2017 Nepalese local elections, it was merged with other 5 Village development committees  samanpur, Gamhariya, Bahuwa Madanpur, Dharampur and Bariyarpur to form Gadhimai Municipality.

At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3978 people living in 787 individual households.

Narayani Zone
Narayani (Nepali: नारायणी अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructuring of zones to Provinces, located in the central south of the country. The headquarter of Narayani zone was Hetauda. Narayani Zone is named after the Narayani River which is on the western border of the zone, separating it from the Gandaki and Lumbini zones. Narayani means beloved of Narayan which is Parvati his sister, and Narayan refers to Lord Vishnu (the preserver) in the Hindu religion.
Van Mechelen
Van Mechelen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Clous van Mechelen (born 1941), Dutch musician, arranger, and actor

Dirk Van Mechelen (born 1957), Belgian Flemish politician

Margaretha van Mechelen (c. 1580–1662), Dutch noble

Wouter Van Mechelen (born 1981), Belgian cyclist

Clous van Mechelen
Clous van Mechelen (born Jacob Philip (Jack) van Mechelen; 12 March 1941 in Amsterdam) is a Dutch musician, arranger, and actor. Van Mechelen scored a minor hit in 1969 with his band The Butlers, and became widely known through the radio and television shows written and directed by Wim T. Schippers (he is referred to as his "house composer"), in which he played the character Jan Vos and wrote songs for the various characters (including Barend Servet and Sjef van Oekel).
Potassium perchlorate
Potassium perchlorate is the inorganic salt with the chemical formula KClO4. Like other perchlorates, this salt is a strong oxidizer when the solid is heated at high temperature, although it usually reacts very slowly in solution with reducing agents or organic substances. This colorless crystalline solid is a common oxidizer used in fireworks, ammunition percussion caps, and explosive primers, and is used variously in propellants, flash compositions, stars, and sparklers. It has been used as a solid rocket propellant, although in that application it has mostly been replaced by the more performant ammonium perchlorate.

KClO4 has a relatively low solubility in water (1.5 g in 100 mL of water at 25 °C).

Percussion cap
The percussion cap, percussion primer, or caplock, introduced in the early 1820s, is a type of single-use percussion ignition device for muzzle loader firearm locks enabling them to fire reliably in any weather condition. Its invention gave rise to the caplock mechanism or percussion lock system which used percussion caps struck by the hammer to set off the gunpowder charge in  rifles and cap and ball firearms. Any firearm using a caplock mechanism is a percussion gun. Any long gun with a cap-lock mechanism and rifled barrel is a percussion rifle. Cap and ball describes cap-lock firearms discharging a single bore-diameter spherical bullet with each shot.
2025 Middle East Trophy
The 2025 Middle East Trophy was the third season of the Middle East Trophy, presented by Creventic. The races were contested with GT3-spec cars, GT4-spec cars, sports cars, 24H-Specials, like silhouette cars, TCR Touring Cars, TCX cars and TC cars.

Silhouette racing car
A silhouette racing car is a race car which, although bearing a superficial resemblance to a production model, differs mechanically in fundamental ways. The purpose of silhouette cars is to provide a manufacturer with a tangible link to their consumer product offerings so as to derive maximum marketing benefit from their investment in the sport. They also provide spectators with familiar, identifiable car models.

The use of a special-purpose racing car chassis rather than modifying a production car offers a number of potential benefits for a competition, which vary in importance depending on the specific class. They may include:

Higher performance than is feasible with a production-based chassis.

Reduced barriers to entering a new make or model in a series (because they are not required to develop a complete car)

Cheaper and faster crash repairs

Improved safety
WTMD
WTMD (89.7 FM) is a non-commercial public radio station licensed to Towson, Maryland, and serving the Baltimore metropolitan area. It broadcasts an adult album alternative (AAA) radio format and is owned by Baltimore Public Media, along with NPR affiliate WYPR 88.1 FM. It holds periodic on-air fundraisers and seeks donations on its website.

WTMD has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 10,000 watts. It uses a directional antenna. The transmitter is on Olympic Place in Towson.  WTMD broadcasts using HD Radio technology.

Towson, Maryland
Towson (/ˈtaʊsən/) is an unincorporated community and a census-designated place in Baltimore County, Maryland, United States. The population was 59,533 in the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Baltimore County and the second-most populous unincorporated county seat in the United States (after Ellicott City, the seat of nearby Howard County, southwest of Baltimore).