hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fletcher, Burrows and Company
Fletcher, Burrows and Company was a coal mining company that owned collieries and cotton mills in Atherton, Greater Manchester, England. Gibfield, Howe Bridge and Chanters collieries exploited the coal mines (seams) of the middle coal measures in the Manchester Coalfield. The Fletchers built company housing at Hindsford and a model village at Howe Bridge which included pithead baths and a social club for its workers. The company became part of Manchester Collieries in 1929. The collieries were nationalised in 1947 becoming part of the National Coal Board.

National Coal Board
The National Coal Board (NCB) was the statutory corporation created to run the nationalised coal mining industry in the United Kingdom. Set up under the Coal Industry Nationalisation Act 1946, it took over the United Kingdom's collieries on "vesting day", 1 January 1947. In 1987, the NCB was renamed the British Coal Corporation, and its assets were subsequently privatised.
S6 (Berlin)
The S6 was a line number used by the Berlin S-Bahn from June 1991 until June 2002. The line always ran to the south-east corner of Berlin, although a number of routings were used during its period of operation. The line was replaced by the S46 and S9 which now provide connections to south-east Berlin.

S8 (Berlin)
S8 is a line on the Berlin S-Bahn. It operates from Wildau to Birkenwerder over:

the Görlitz line, opened in 1866 and electrified in 1929,

the Ring line, completed in 1877 and electrified in 1926,

the Outer ring, completed on 22 November 1952 and electrified for the S-Bahn in 1962,

and a short section of the Prussian Northern line, opened on 10 July 1877 and electrified on 8 August 1925.
Alesis Fusion
Alesis Fusion is a music production workstation produced by Alesis introduced in early 2005. It uses four different types of synthesis: sample and synthesis, virtual analog, FM and physical modeling. It includes sampling capability through analog inputs and importing audio samples from a computer or memory card.

Music workstation
A music workstation is an electronic musical instrument providing the facilities of:

a sound module,

a music sequencer and

(usually) a musical keyboard.

It enables a musician to compose electronic music using just one piece of equipment.
Kypros Nicolaides
Kyprianos "Kypros" Nicolaides FRCOG (born 9 April 1953) is a Greek Cypriot physician of British citizenship, Professor of Fetal Medicine at King's College Hospital, London. He is one of the pioneers of fetal medicine and his discoveries have revolutionised the field. He was elected to the US National Academy of Medicine in 2020 for 'improving the care of pregnant women worldwide with pioneering rigorous and creative approaches, and making seminal contributions to prenatal diagnosis and every major obstetrical disorder'. This is considered to be one of the highest honours in the fields of health and medicine and recognises individuals who have demonstrated outstanding professional achievement and commitment to service.

Obstetrics and gynaecology
Obstetrics and gynaecology (also spelled as obstetrics and gynecology; abbreviated as Obst and Gynae, O&G, OB-GYN and OB/GYN) is the medical specialty that encompasses the two subspecialties of obstetrics (covering pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period) and gynaecology (covering the health of the female reproductive system  – vagina, uterus, ovaries, and breasts). The specialization is an important part of care for women's health.

Postgraduate training programs for both fields are usually combined, preparing the practising obstetrician-gynecologist to be adept both at the care of female reproductive organs' health and at the management of pregnancy, although many doctors go on to develop subspecialty interests in one field or the other.
Intermediate Data Format
Intermediate Data Format (IDF) files are used interoperate between electronic design automation (EDA) software and solid modeling mechanical computer-aided design (CAD) software.

The format was devised by David Kehmeier at the Mentor Graphics Corporation.

The EMN File contains the PCB outline, the position of the parts, positions of holes and milling, keep out regions and keep in regions.

The EMP file contains the outline and height of the parts.

Some CAD software allows the use of a map file to load more detailed part models.

Solid modeling
Solid modeling (or solid modelling) is a consistent set of principles for mathematical and computer modeling of three-dimensional shapes (solids). Solid modeling is distinguished within the broader related areas of geometric modeling and computer graphics, such as 3D modeling, by its emphasis on physical fidelity. Together, the principles of geometric and solid modeling form the foundation of 3D-computer-aided design, and in general, support the creation, exchange, visualization, animation, interrogation, and annotation of digital models of physical objects.
2021 Little Rock Challenger
The 2021 Little Rock Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the second edition of the tournament which was part of the 2021 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Little Rock, Arkansas, United States from May 31 to June 6, 2021.

2021 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2021 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2021 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 147 tournaments with prize money ranging from $36,680 up to $156,240. It was the 44th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 13th under the name of Challenger Tour.

Tallon Griekspoor set a new record for winning the most Challenger titles in a season when he won his seventh title of the season at the Tenerife Challenger and immediately improved upon the record by winning the Slovak Open II the week after.
1930s in air cargo
This is a list of air cargo, airmail and airlift related events as well as a summary for the decade 1930–1939 (references to be found via the main Wikipedia links where not explicitly referenced here):

Deutsche Luft Hansa
Deutsche Luft Hansa A.G. (from 1933 styled as Deutsche Lufthansa and also known as Luft Hansa, Lufthansa, or DLH) was a German airline, established in 1926. It served as the flag carrier of the country during the later years of the Weimar Republic and throughout the era of Nazi Germany, when it had close links to the Nazi Party. It ceased operations in April 1945, in the final stages of the Second World War.

Although Deutsche Luft Hansa was the forerunner of modern German airline Lufthansa (founded in 1953) and both airlines share the same logo, there is no legal connection between the two. However, the new Lufthansa took over staff from the old airline and claims DLH's legacy. For this reason it is controversial in the historical reappraisal to what extent the modern Lufthansa should confess to crimes committed by the old airline.
Boris Gutnikov
Boris Lvovich Gutnikov (Russian: Борис Львович Гу́тников) (4 July 1931 in Vitebsk – 6 April 1986 in Leningrad) was a Soviet violinist, born in the Byelorussian SSR.

He won the 1957 Long-Thibaud Competition and, most notably, the 1962 International Tchaikovsky Competition. He had been appointed a teacher at the Leningrad Conservatory soon before.

Andrei Petrov composed in 1987 his Memoria for violin and ensemble in memoriam Gutnikov.

Andrei Petrov
Andrei Pavlovich Petrov (Russian: Андре́й Па́влович Петро́в; 2 September 1930, Leningrad – 15 February 2006, Saint Petersburg) was a Soviet and Russian composer. He was named a People's Artist of the USSR in 1980. Andrey Petrov is known for his music for numerous classic Soviet films such as Walking the Streets of Moscow, Beware of the Car, and Office Romance.
Jean-Claude Killy
Jean-Claude Killy (born 30 August 1943) is a French former World Cup alpine ski racer. He dominated the sport in the late 1960s, and was a triple Olympic champion, winning the three alpine events at the 1968 Winter Olympics, becoming the most successful athlete there. He also won the first two World Cup titles, in 1967 and 1968.

Downhill (ski competition)
Downhill is a form of alpine skiing competition. Whereas the other alpine skiing events (slalom, giant slalom, super giant slalom, and combined) emphasize turning and technique, downhill emphasizes "the six components of technique, courage, speed, risk, physical condition and judgement", according to the FIS "International Ski Competition Rules (ICR)". Speeds of up to 130 km/h (81 mph) are common in international competition. Athletes must have an aerodynamically efficient tuck position to minimize drag and increase speed.

The term, "downhill skiing", is also used as a synonym for alpine skiing as a recreational activity.
Penicillium citrinum
Penicillium citrinum is an anamorph, mesophilic fungus species of the genus of Penicillium which produces tanzawaic acid A-D, ACC, Mevastatin, Quinocitrinine A, Quinocitrinine B, and nephrotoxic citrinin. Penicillium citrinum is often found on moldy citrus fruits and occasionally it occurs in tropical spices and cereals. This Penicillium species also causes mortality for the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus.
Because of its mesophilic character, Penicillium citrinum occurs worldwide. The first statin (Mevastatin) was 1970 isolated from this species.

Citrinin
Citrinin is a mycotoxin which is often found in food. It is a secondary metabolite produced by fungi that contaminates long-stored food and it can cause a variety of toxic effects, including kidney, liver and cell damage. Citrinin is mainly found in stored grains, but sometimes also in fruits and other plant products.
Padina sanctae-crucis
Padina sanctae-crucis is a species of brown macroalgae in the family Dictyotaceae.  It is a tropical brown algae species native to the south pacific that belongs to the Padina genus. this alga includes sexual reproduction and spore-producing asexual reproduction which is moved with the tide until spores plants itself on a hard rocky substrate. Other habitats include rocks and shell fragments in the shallow sublittoral, seagrass meadows, mangrove roots and coral reefs on tidal flats.

Dictyotaceae
Dictyotaceae is large family of brown algae (class Phaeophyceae). It is the only family in the monotypic order Dictyotales (from Greek  diktyotos 'netlike'). Members of this family generally prefer warmer waters than other brown algae and are prevalent in tropical and subtropical waters thanks to their many chemical defenses to ward off grazers. They display an isomorphic haplodiploid life cycle and are characterized by vegetative growth through a single apical cell. One genus in this family, Padina, is the only calcareous member of the brown algae. Lobophora variegata (= Pocockiella varieagata) often presents a beautiful blue iridescence due to microscopic bacteria which live on the surface of the blades . A number of genera are known as forkweed (e.g. Dictyota, Glosophora, Dilophus, Dictyopteris, Pachydictyon and Lobospira.
Thomas Harrington (FBI)
Thomas J. Harrington was the Associate Deputy Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation which is the number three position in the bureau. He is a former Deputy Director of the Counterterrorism Division at the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

Harrington met with senior Defense Department investigators, and wrote letters, drawing the attention of the DoD to reports of serious crimes committed by military interrogators against the detainees held in extrajudicial detention at the Guantanamo Bay detainment camps, in Cuba.

Associate Deputy Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
The associate deputy director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation is a senior United States government position in the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The office is third in command to the director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. If the deputy director is absent or the position is vacant, the associate deputy director automatically takes on the additional title and role of acting deputy director. The office is the second highest position attainable within the FBI without being appointed by the president of the United States. Responsibilities as associate deputy director include assisting the deputy director and director, and leading prominent investigations. From 1978 to 1987, the positions of deputy director and associate deputy director were not filled due to William Hedgcock Webster's decision to divide the positions responsibilities between three positions.
Medical Company (Parachute), Royal Medical and Dental Corps
The Medical Company (Parachute), Royal Medical Corps (Malay: Kompeni Perubatan (Payung Terjun), Kor Kesihatan Diraja), also known as Para Viper or abbreviated KPP from its local name, is a company-sized airborne combat medic unit of the Malaysian Army's Royal Medical Corps. It has been a part of the 10th Parachute Brigade since 1994 and is responsible for providing medical support to the brigade.

Lt Col (Dr) Mohd Azman Hj Kamarudin is the current commander of the Medical Company (Para), having taken over from Major (Dr) Syed Fareez Syed Nasir on 26 January 2022.

Malaysian Army
The Malaysian Army (Malay: Tentera Darat Malaysia; Jawi: تنترا دارت مليسيا‎) is the land component of the Malaysian Armed Forces. Steeped in British Army traditions, the Malaysian Army does not carry the title ‘royal’ (diraja) as do the Royal Malaysian Navy and the Royal Malaysian Air Force. Instead, the title is bestowed on selected army corps and regiments who have been accorded the honour by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong ('The King of Malaysia'), who is the Supreme Commander of the Malaysian Armed Forces.
Panic of 1896
The Panic of 1896 was an acute economic depression in the United States that was less serious than other panics of the era, precipitated by a drop in silver reserves, and market concerns on the effects it would have on the gold standard. Deflation of commodities' prices drove the stock market to new lows in a trend that began to reverse only after the 1896 Klondike Gold Rush. During the panic, call money would reach 125 percent, the highest level since the Civil War.

Populist Party (United States, 1984)
The Populist Party was a political party in the United States between 1984 and 1996. It was conservative and often white nationalist in its ideology. The party was unrelated to the original American Populist Party or other American parties that have used the same name. Willis Carto helped found the Populist Party, which eventually served as an electoral vehicle for the former Knights of the Ku Klux Klan leader, David Duke. The party was also known as the "America First" party.
Brian Charette
Brian Charette (born November 24, 1972)  is an American jazz pianist, Hammond organist, and electronic music producer. He took first place in the 2014 "Downbeat Magazine Critic's Poll Rising Star: Organ" category and "Fan's Decision Jazz Award for Best Organist 2015" in Hot House Magazine. Charette has recorded and performed with music artists such as George Coleman, Oz Noy, Jaimoe, Michael McDonald, and Cyndi Lauper.

SteepleChase Records
SteepleChase Records is a jazz record company and label based in Copenhagen, Denmark. SteepleChase was founded in 1972 by Nils Winther, who was a student at Copenhagen University at the time. He began recording concerts at Jazzhus Montmartre, where many American musicians performed, and was given permission by some of the artists to release the material commercially.

SteepleChase became a haven for many artists who were without contracts with larger labels at the time. In 1987, the company started a subsidiary classical music label, Kontrapunkt.
Luizinho Drummond
Luiz Pacheco Drummond (14 February 1940 — 1 July 2020), nicknamed Luizinho Drummond, was an illegal lottery operator (bicheiro) and the patron of samba school Imperatriz Leopoldinense. He was the president of the Independent League of Samba Schools of Rio de Janeiro (LIESA) from 1998 to 2001. He was born and died in Rio de Janeiro.

LIESA
Liga Independente das Escolas de Samba do Rio de Janeiro (English: Independent League of the Samba Schools of Rio de Janeiro), commonly known by the acronym LIESA, is the principal association that organizes the Carnival of the city of Rio de Janeiro.
Monty Hall
Monty Hall OC OM (born Monte Halparin; August 25, 1921 – September 30, 2017) was a Canadian-American radio and television show host who moved to the United States in 1955 to pursue a career in broadcasting. After working as a radio newsreader and sportscaster, Hall returned to television in the U.S., where his focus was now on hosting game shows. Starting in 1963, he was best known as the host, co-creator, and co-producer of Let's Make a Deal. A conundrum involving game theory and psychology was named after him: the Monty Hall problem. Behind the scenes, Hall also carried on an active life of philanthropy.

WNYW
WNYW (channel 5) is a television station in New York City. It is the flagship station of the Fox television network, owned and operated through its Fox Television Stations division. Under common ownership with Secaucus, New Jersey–licensed MyNetworkTV flagship WWOR-TV (channel 9), the two stations share studios at the Fox Television Center on East 67th Street in Manhattan's Lenox Hill neighborhood; WNYW's transmitter is located at One World Trade Center.
Politics of the Netherlands
The Netherlands is a sovereign state with a parliamentary representative democracy. A constitutional monarchy, the country is organised as a decentralised unitary state. The Netherlands can be described as a consociational state. Dutch politics and governance are characterised by a common striving for broad consensus on important issues, within both of the political community and society as a whole.

Employers' organization
An employers' organization or employers' association is a collective organization of manufacturers, retailers, or other employers of wage labor. Employers' organizations seek to coordinate the behavior of their member companies in matters of mutual interest, such as during negotiations with trade unions or government bodies. Employers' organizations operate like trade unions and promote the economic and social interests of its member organizations.
Konstantinos Skarlatos
Konstantinos Skarlatos (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Σκαρλάτος, 17 March 1872 – 1969) was a Hellenic Army officer who reached the rank of Lieutenant General. He also competed in the 1906 Summer Olympics and in the 1912 Summer Olympics as a sport shooter.

Shooting at the 1906 Intercalated Games
At the 1906 Summer Olympics in Athens, sixteen events in shooting were contested.   Now called the Intercalated Games, the 1906 Games are no longer considered as an official Olympic Games by the International Olympic Committee.
Limit load (physics)
Limit load is the maximum load that a structure can safely carry. It's the load at which the structure is in a state of incipient plastic collapse. As the load on the structure increases, the displacements increases linearly in the elastic range until the load attains the yield value. Beyond this, the load-displacement response becomes non-linear and the plastic or irreversible part of the displacement increases steadily with the applied load. Plasticity spreads throughout the solid and at the limit load, the plastic zone becomes very large and the displacements become unbounded and the component is said to have collapsed.

Any load above the limit load will lead to the formation of plastic hinge in the structure. Engineers use limit states to define and check a structure's performance.

Plastic hinge
In the structural engineering beam theory, plastic hinge is  the deformation of a section of a beam where plastic bending occurs. In earthquake engineering plastic hinge is also a type of energy damping device allowing plastic rotation [deformation] of an otherwise rigid column connection.
Yekaterina Guseva
Yekaterina Konstantinovna Guseva (Russian: Екатери́на Константи́новна Гу́сева; 9 July 1976) is a Russian film, theater, TV actress and singer, Meritorious Artist of Russia. She became famous for her role in the 2002 television series Brigada.

Merited Artist of the Russian Federation
Merited Artist of the Russian Federation (Russian: Заслуженный артист Российской Федерации, Zasluzhenny artist Rossiyskoy Federatsii), also known as Honored Artist of Russia, is an honorary title in the Russian Federation. The title is awarded to actors, directors, filmmakers, writers, dancers, and singers for exceptional achievements in the arts.

The honorary title was originally modeled after the German honorific title for distinguished opera singers. Historically, the title was bestowed by princes or kings, when it was styled Hofkammersänger(in). In Imperial Russia before 1917, several stars of stage and film were honored with the title "Imperial singer", but after the October Revolution of 1917, the new regime made changes and established the title of the Merited Artist of Russia (Russian SFSR and Soviet Union).

After the collapse of the USSR in 1991, Russian president Boris Yeltsin created a new award, first presented on 30 December 1995.
Serviciul de Telecomunicații Speciale
Special Telecommunications Service (Serviciul de Telecomunicații Speciale in Romanian, abbreviated STS) is the Romanian institution that coordinates the activities in the field of special secure communications. STS is an agency with military status.

Government of Romania
The Government of Romania (Romanian: Guvernul României) forms one half of the executive branch of the government of Romania (the other half being the office of the President of Romania). It is headed by the Prime Minister of Romania, and consists of the ministries, various subordinate institutions and agencies, and the 42 prefectures. The seat of the Romanian Government is at Victoria Palace in Bucharest.

The Government is the public authority of executive power that functions on the basis of the vote of confidence granted by Parliament, ensuring the achievement of the country's domestic and foreign policy and that exercises the general leadership of public administration. The Government is appointed by the President of Romania on the basis of the vote of confidence granted to the Government by the Parliament of Romania.
Citizen Center station
Citizen Center (Chinese: 市民中心) is a metro station on Line 4 and Line 7 of the Hangzhou Metro in China. It is located beside the Hangzhou Civic Center in Hangzhou's Shangcheng District.

The station opened on 2 February 2015, together with the rest ones of phase I initial section on Line 4.

It has become a transfer station between Line 4 and Line 7 after 17 September 2021 when Line 7 opened with this station as terminus.

On 1 April 2022, when phase I remaining section of Line 7 was opened, its new terminus became Wushan Square so this station became a passerby.

Wushan Square station
Wushan Square (Chinese: 吴山广场) is the west terminus of Line 7 of the Hangzhou Metro in China. It is located in the Shangcheng District of Hangzhou. The station opened on April 1, 2022, after five years of construction.
Mount Colzim
28°55′29″N 32°20′54″E﻿ / ﻿28.9247117°N 32.3483919°E﻿ / 28.9247117; 32.3483919﻿ (Dayr Mārī Antonios)

Mount Colzim (or Qulzum, Qalzam, or Qolozum), also known as the Inner Mountain of Saint Anthony, is a mountain in Red Sea Governorate, Egypt, which was the final residency of Anthony the Great from about AD 311, when he was 62 years of age, to his death in 356. Currently, the Monastery of Saint Anthony, a Coptic Orthodox monastery, exists in the same location.

Red Sea Governorate
The Red Sea Governorate (Arabic: محافظة البحر الأحمر Muḥafaẓah al Baḥr al Aḥmar) is one of the 27 governorates of Egypt. Located between the Nile and the Red Sea in the southeast of the country, its southern border forms part of Egypt's border with Sudan. Its capital and largest city is Hurghada.