hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mount McLennan (Victoria Land)
Mount McLennan is a prominent mountain rising over 1,600 metres (5,250 ft) at the north side of Taylor Valley, surmounting the area at the heads of Canada Glacier, Commonwealth Glacier and Loftus Glacier, in Victoria Land, Antarctica. It was named by C.S. Wright of the British Antarctic Expedition (1910–13) for Professor McLennan, a physicist at Toronto University, Canada.

Geologist Thomas E. Berg killed in helicopter crash (11/19/1969) on the side of Mount McLennan. New Zealand cameraman Jeremy Sykes also killed.

Victoria Land
Victoria Land is a region in eastern Antarctica which fronts the western side of the Ross Sea and the Ross Ice Shelf, extending southward from about 70°30'S to 78°00'S, and westward from the Ross Sea to the edge of the Antarctic Plateau. It was discovered by Captain James Clark Ross in January 1841 and named after Queen Victoria. The rocky promontory of Minna Bluff is often regarded as the southernmost point of Victoria Land, and separates the Scott Coast to the north from the Hillary Coast of the Ross Dependency to the south.
Andrew Lo
Andrew Wen-Chuan Lo (Chinese: 羅聞全; born 1960) is a Hong Kong-born Taiwanese-American economist and academic who is the Charles E. and Susan T. Harris Professor of Finance at the MIT Sloan School of Management. Lo is the author of many academic articles in finance and financial economics. He founded AlphaSimplex Group in 1999 and served as chairman and chief investment strategist until 2018 when he transitioned to his current role as chairman emeritus and senior advisor.

National Bureau of Economic Research
The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) is an American private nonprofit research organization "committed to undertaking and disseminating unbiased economic research among public policymakers, business professionals, and the academic community." The NBER is known for proposing start and end dates for recessions in the United States.

Many chairpersons of the Council of Economic Advisers were previously NBER research associates, including the former NBER president and Harvard professor Martin Feldstein. The NBER's current president and CEO is James M. Poterba of MIT.
Treaty of Big Tree
The Treaty of Big Tree was a treaty signed in 1797 between the Seneca Nation and the United States, in which the Seneca relinquished their rights to nearly all of their traditional homeland in New York State—nearly 3.5 million acres. In the 1788 Phelps and Gorham Purchase, the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) had previously sold rights to their land between Seneca Lake and the Genesee River. The Treaty of Big Tree signed away their rights to all their territory west of the Genesee River (except 12 small tracts of land) for $100,000 and other considerations (roughly $5 billion in 2020 dollars, in relation to GDP). The money was not paid directly to the tribe, but was to be invested in shares of the Bank of the United States, and to be paid out to the Senecas in annual earnings of up to six percent, or $6,000 a year, on the bank stock.

Share (finance)
A share (sometimes someone can refer to as stock or equity) is a unit of equity ownership in the capital stock of a corporation. It can refer to units of mutual funds, limited partnerships, and real estate investment trusts. Share capital refers to all of the shares of an enterprise. The owner of shares in a company is a shareholder (or stockholder) of the corporation. A share expresses the ownership relationship between the company and the shareholder. The denominated value of a share is its face value, and the total of the face value of issued shares represent the capital of a company, which may not reflect the market value of those shares.

The income received from the ownership of shares is a dividend. There are different types of shares such as equity shares, preference shares, deferred shares, redeemable shares, bonus shares, right shares, and employee stock option plan shares.
Nedra (given name)
Nedra is a female given name. Notable people referred to by this name include the following:

Nedra Bonds (born 1948), American quilter, activist, and retired teacher

Nedra Johnson (born 1966), American rhythm and blues and jazz singer/songwriter and multi-instrumentalist

Nedra Pickler (born 1975),  American national political journalist

Nedra Talley (born 1946), American singer

Nedra Tyre (1912–1990), American social worker and author

Nedra Volz (1908–2003), American actress

Nedra Tyre
Nedra Tyre (October 6, 1912 – 1990) was an American social worker and author, specializing in crime fiction.

A native of Offerman, Georgia, Tyre attended Emory University and the Richmond School of Social Work. She had professional stints as a librarian, clerk, and advertising copy writer, in addition to her fiction and social work. Her book reviews appeared in The Richmond News Leader and The Atlanta Journal.

Tyre died in Richmond, Virginia in 1990.
Leskovica, Gorenja Vas–Poljane
Leskovica (pronounced [lɛˈskɔːʋitsa] or [lɛˈskoːʋitsa]; German: Leskouza) is a village in the Municipality of Gorenja Vas–Poljane in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia. It is around 35 kilometers (22 mi) northwest of Ljubljana.

Upper Carniola
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

Upper Carniola (Slovene: Gorenjska pronounced [ɡɔˈɾèːnska]; Italian: Alta Carniola; German: Oberkrain) is a traditional region of Slovenia, the northern mountainous part of the larger Carniola region. The largest town in the region is Kranj, and other urban centers include Kamnik, Jesenice, Domžale and Škofja Loka. It has around 300,000 inhabitants or 14% of the population of Slovenia.
Charles W. Billings
Charles W. Billings (November 26, 1866 – December 13, 1928) was a politician and competitive shooter from New Jersey who was a member of the 1912 Summer Olympics American trapshooting team that won the gold medal in team clay pigeons. He was a member of the New York Athletic Club. He competed in the Travers Island, New York clay pigeon shooting competition in both 1911 and 1913.

Clay pigeon shooting
Clay pigeon shooting, also known as clay target shooting, is a shooting sport involving shooting at special flying targets known as "clay pigeons" or "clay targets" with a shotgun. Despite their name, the targets are usually inverted saucers made of pulverized limestone mixed with pitch and a brightly colored pigment.
Yoon Sang-chul
Yoon Sang-chul (born June 14, 1965) is a South Korean former professional footballer who played as a forward, spending most of his career with FC Seoul. He was the first player to score 100 goals in the K League.

1989 K League
The 1989 Korean Professional Football League was the seventh season of K League since its establishment in 1983. The Korean Professional Football Committee was merged into the Korea Football Association again in March 1989.
1973 Torneo Descentralizado
The 1973 Torneo Descentralizado was the 57th season of the Peruvian Primera División and the ninth season of the Torneo Descentralizado. It was won for the first time by Defensor Lima. Sportivo Huracán, Atlético Torino, José Gálvez, and Deportivo SIMA were relegated.

Sportivo Huracán
Sportivo Huracán is a Peruvian football club, based in the city of Arequipa, Peru.

The club was founded on January 12, 1927.   Sportivo Huracán now plays in the Copa Perú, which is the third division of the Peruvian league after deciding to no longer participate in the Peruvian Segunda División.
Battle of Dogger Bank (1916)
The Battle of Dogger Bank on 10 February 1916 was a naval engagement between the Kaiserliche Marine of the German Empire and the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom, during the First World War. Three German torpedo boat flotillas sortied into the North Sea and encountered the British 10th Sloop Flotilla near Dogger Bank. The German vessels eventually engaged the British vessels, after mistaking them for cruisers instead of minesweeping sloops. Knowing they were out-gunned, the British attempted to flee and in the chase, the sloop HMS Arabis was sunk, before the British squadron escaped. As the cruisers of the Harwich Force returned to port, the light cruiser HMS Arethusa struck a mine, ran aground and broke in two. Although the Germans were victorious, they inflated the victory by reporting that they had sunk two cruisers.

Minesweeping Division (Royal Navy)
The Minesweeping Division  was a staff division  of the Admiralty Naval Staff first established during World War I (1917-1918) the deactivated. It was re-activated during World War II (1939-1943) before being abolished. It was administered by the Director of Minesweeping Division
Madina Colony, Orangi Town
Madina Colony  (Urdu: مدینہ کالونی) is a neighbourhood in the Orangi municipality of Karachi, Pakistan. It is administered as part of Karachi West district, but was part of the Orangi Town borough until that was disbanded in 2011.

There are several ethnic groups in Madina Colony including Muhajirs, Sindhis, Kashmiris, Seraikis, Pakhtuns, Balochis, Memons, Bohras, Ismailis and Christians.

Memon people
The Memon are a Muslim community in Gujarat, India, and Sindh, Pakistan, the majority of whom follow the Hanafi fiqh of Sunni Islam. They are divided into different groups based on their origins: Kathiawari Memons, Kutchi Memons and Bantva Memons from the Kathiawar, Kutch and Bantva regions of Gujarat, respectively, and Sindhi Memons from Sindh.

Memons have cultural similarities with the Khoja, Bohra, and other Gujarati peoples. They speak the Memoni language as their first language, which shares vocabulary with the Sindhi language, Kutchi language and Gujarati languages.

Today Memons are connected through globally recognized organisations such as the World Memon Organisation (WMO) and International Memon Organisation (IMO).
Alphabet effect
The alphabet effect is a group of hypotheses in communication theory arguing that phonetic writing, and alphabetic scripts in particular, have served to promote and encourage the cognitive skills of abstraction, analysis, coding, decoding, and classification. Promoters of these hypotheses are associated with the Toronto School of Communication, such as Marshall McLuhan, Harold Innis, Walter Ong, Vilém Flusser and more recently Robert K. Logan; the term "alphabet effect" comes from Logan's 1986 work (see the bibliography below which references the 2004 second edition).

Vilém Flusser
Vilém Flusser (May 12, 1920 – November 27, 1991) was a Czech-born Brazilian philosopher, writer and journalist, best known for his contributions to media studies, communication theory, and the philosophy of language. He lived for a long period in São Paulo (where he became a Brazilian citizen) and later in France, and his works are written in many different languages.

His early work was marked by discussion of the thought of Martin Heidegger, and by the influence of existentialism and phenomenology. Phenomenology would play a major role in the transition to the later phase of his work, in which he turned his attention to the philosophy of communication and of artistic production. He contributed to the dichotomy logic theory through history: the period of image worship, and period of text worship, with deviations consequently into idolatry and "textolatry".
Port Saint Louis
Port Saint Louis can be:

the original name of Puerto Soledad on the Falklands

Port-Saint-Louis-du-Rhône, a commune in southern France

Port Saint-Louis, the former French name of Antsohimbondrona, in Madagascar

Antsohimbondrona
Antsohimbondrona (also called: Port Saint-Louis) is a municipality in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Ambilobe, which is a part of Diana Region. It is situated in the delta of the Mahavavy River into the Indian Ocean. According to 2001 census the population of Antsohimbondrona was 32080.

Antsohimbondrona has a maritime harbour. Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The town provides access to hospital services to its citizens. It is also a site of industrial-scale mining.

The majority (65%) of the population are farmers. The most important crop is sugarcane, while other important products are cotton and rice. Industry and services provide employment for 13% and 7% of the population, respectively. Additionally fishing employs 15% of the population.
Talmage Egan
Talmage D. Egan is an anesthesiologist, academic, entrepreneur, and author. He is a professor and chair in the department of anesthesiology, and an adjunct professor in the departments of pharmaceutics, bioengineering, and neurosurgery at the University of Utah School of Medicine.

Egan's research interests revolve around clinical pharmacology investigative methods applied to the development and understanding of novel intravenous anesthetics and opioids, optimal anesthetic drug administration regimens, and anesthetic drug interactions.

Egan served as a board member, treasurer, and president of the International Society for Anaesthetic Pharmacology for many years.

Anesthetic
An anesthetic (American English) or anaesthetic (British English; see spelling differences) is a drug used to induce anesthesia ⁠— ⁠in other words, to result in a temporary loss of sensation or awareness. They may be divided into two broad classes: general anesthetics, which result in a reversible loss of consciousness, and local anesthetics, which cause a reversible loss of sensation for a limited region of the body without necessarily affecting consciousness.

A wide variety of drugs are used in modern anesthetic practice.  Many are rarely used outside anesthesiology, but others are used commonly in various fields of healthcare. Combinations of anesthetics are sometimes used for their synergistic and additive therapeutic effects. Adverse effects, however, may also be increased.  Anesthetics are distinct from analgesics, which block only sensation of painful stimuli. Analgesics are typically used in conjunction with anesthetics to control pre-, intra-, and postoperative pain.
NBA Live 97
NBA Live 97 is the third installment of the NBA Live video game series by EA Sports, released in 1996. The MS-DOS, Sega Saturn, and PlayStation versions featured polygonal models for the on-court players, thus marking it as the first 3D EA Sports basketball sequel for the series. It was also the first NBA Live title released for the Saturn. The game received mostly positive reviews for its advanced graphics and wide array of available moves and plays, though the Saturn conversion was reviled for numerous technical deficiencies. NBA Live 97 was followed by NBA Live 98 in 1997.

Polygonal modeling
In 3D computer graphics, polygonal modeling is an approach for modeling objects by representing or approximating their surfaces using polygon meshes. Polygonal modeling is well suited to scanline rendering and is therefore the method of choice for real-time computer graphics.  Alternate methods of representing 3D objects include NURBS surfaces, subdivision surfaces, and equation-based (implicit surface) representations used in ray tracers.
Nightmare Danny Davis
Daniel Briley (born June 30, 1952), better known by the ring name "Nightmare" Danny Davis, is an American retired professional wrestler and referee. He is the founder and former owner of Ohio Valley Wrestling.

USWA Junior Heavyweight Championship
The USWA Junior Heavyweight Championship was a short-lived title in the United States Wrestling Association that lasted from 1990 to 1991. They used the old NWA Southeastern United States Junior Heavyweight Championship belt to represent the title.
El Kseur District
El Kseur District (القصر   منطقة ايل) is a district of Béjaïa Province, Algeria, and the region of Kabylie. Its capital is located in the town of El Kseur. The district abuts the Mediterranean Sea to the north.

The dïstrict includes the three communes

El Kseur,

Ifenain Ilmathen

Toudja.

Toudja
Toudja is a commune in northern Algeria in the Béjaïa Province in the Kabylia region. The liberal pied noir writer Jules Roy discussed it in his book on the Algerian war of independence.

Oranges are grown widely in the area. In Roman times its springs were an important source of water and there was an aqueduct taking water to the city of  Saldae (now Béjaïa).
William Anderson (judge)
Sir William John Anderson (1847 – 27 August 1908) was a British barrister and colonial judge. He was Chief Justice of British Honduras from 1890 to 1900 and Chief Justice of Trinidad and Tobago from 1900 to 1903.

The son of Sir George Campbell Anderson, William John Anderson was educated at Pembroke College, Oxford and was called to the English bar at Lincoln's Inn in 1869. From 1874 to 1882, he was a judge of the Supreme Court, Turks Islands.

Pembroke College, Oxford
Pembroke College, a constituent college of the University of Oxford, is located on Pembroke Square, Oxford. The college was founded in 1624 by King James I of England and VI of Scotland, using in part the endowment of merchant Thomas Tesdale, and was named after William Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke, Lord Chamberlain and then-Chancellor of the University.

Like many Oxford colleges, Pembroke previously accepted men only, admitting its first mixed-sex cohort in 1979. As of 2020, Pembroke had an estimated financial endowment of £58.9 million. Pembroke College provides almost the full range of study available at Oxford University.

A former Senior President of Tribunals and Lord Justice of Appeal, Sir Ernest Ryder, has held the post of Master of Pembroke since 2020.
Neobouteloua
Neobouteloua is a genus of Argentine and Chilean plants in the grass family.

Species

Neobouteloua lophostachya (Griseb.) Gould - Chile, Argentina (Catamarca, Córdoba, Salta, Tucumán, La Rioja, San Luis, Mendoza, Santiago del Estero)

Neobouteloua pauciracemosa M.G.López & Biurrun -  Argentina (La Rioja, San Luis)

Catamarca Province
Catamarca (Spanish pronunciation: [kataˈmaɾka]) is a province of Argentina, located in the northwest of the country. The province had a population of 429,556 as per the 2022 census [INDEC], and covers an area of 102,602 km2. Its literacy rate is 95.5%. Neighbouring provinces are (clockwise, from the north): Salta, Tucumán, Santiago del Estero, Córdoba, and La Rioja. To the west it borders the country of Chile.

The capital is San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, usually shortened to Catamarca. Other important cities include Andalgalá, Tinogasta, and Belén.
Blackwater (District Electoral Area)
Blackwater was one of the four district electoral areas in Dungannon, Northern Ireland which existed from 1985 to 2014. The district elected five members to Dungannon and South Tyrone Borough Council, and formed part of the Fermanagh and South Tyrone constituencies for the Northern Ireland Assembly and UK Parliament.

It was created for the 1985 local elections, replacing Dungannon Area C which had existed since 1973, and contained the wards of Aughnacloy, Benburb, Caledon, Killyman and Moy. It was abolished for the 2014 local elections and divided between the Dungannon DEA and the Clogher Valley DEA.

Fermanagh and South Tyrone (UK Parliament constituency)
Fermanagh and South Tyrone is a Northern Ireland parliamentary constituency in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. It has been represented by Pat Cullen of Sinn Féin since the 2024 general election. The same area is also the Northern Ireland Assembly constituency of Fermanagh and South Tyrone.
Tafjord
Tafjord is a village in Fjord Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The village is very isolated and (other than by boat) the only way into the valley is by road from the village of Sylte. The road is composed almost entirely of two tunnels through the very steep mountains along the edge of the Tafjorden: the 5.3-kilometre (3.3 mi) Heggur Tunnel and the 700-metre (2,300 ft) long Skjegghammar Tunnel.

Møre og Romsdal
Møre og Romsdal (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈmø̂ːrə ɔ ˈrʊ̀msdɑːɫ] ⓘ; English: Møre and Romsdal) is a county in the northernmost part of Western Norway. It borders the counties of Trøndelag, Innlandet, and Vestland. The county administration is located in the town of Molde, while Ålesund is the largest town. The county is governed by the Møre og Romsdal County Municipality which includes an elected county council and a county mayor. The national government is represented by the county governor.
Christian Oster
Christian Oster (born 1949) is a French writer. He has written more than a dozen novels, and he is also a prolific author of children's books. Noted works include My Big Apartment (1999) which won the Prix Médicis, and The Cleaning Woman (2001). The latter was adapted into a film by Claude Berri.

Prix Médicis
The Prix Médicis (French pronunciation: [pʁi medisis]) is a French literary award given each year in November. It was founded in 1958 by Gala Barbisan and Jean-Pierre Giradoux. It is awarded to an author whose "fame does not yet match his talent".

The award goes to a work of fiction initially published in the French language. In 1970 the Prix Médicis étranger was added to recognize a book published in translation. The Prix Médicis essai has been awarded since 1985 for non-fiction works.
Lecanora sphalera
Lecanora sphalera is a species of crustose lichen in the family Lecanoraceae found in Montenegro.

This species is endemic to Montenegro and has been recorded only once from its type locality. The collection site is on northwest-exposed limestone rocks at approximately 1,920 meters elevation on the lower slopes of Vasojevički Kom, part of the Komovi massif in Andrijevica Municipality.

Andrijevica Municipality
The Andrijevica Municipality is located in northern Montenegro. Its center is the town of Andrijevica and its territory, which covers an area of 340 km2, is surrounded by the Komovi, Bjelasica and Accursed Mountains ranges. In 2023, the Andrijevica Municipality had a population of 3,910.
Jelena Jovanović (politician)
Jelena Jovanović (Serbian Cyrillic: Јелена Јовановић; born 1980) is a politician in Serbia. She has served in the Assembly of Vojvodina since 2016 as a member of the Serbian Progressive Party. Jovanović is the first Roma woman to serve in the provincial assembly.

Assembly of Vojvodina
The Assembly of Vojvodina (Serbian: Скупштина Војводине, romanized: Skupština Vojvodine), formally the Assembly of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina (Serbian: Скупштина Аутономне Покрајине Војводине, romanized: Skupština Autonomne Pokrajine Vojvodine), is the legislative body of Vojvodina, an autonomous province of Serbia.

The assembly is composed of 120 deputies who are proportionally elected to four-year terms by secret ballot. The current assembly was elected in 2023 provincial elections. The assembly elects a president (speaker) who presides over the sessions, currently Juhász Bálint of the Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians.
Miranda (1985 film)
Miranda (also known as The Mistress of the Inn) is a 1985 Italian erotic drama film directed by Tinto Brass. It is loosely based on the three-act comedy La locandiera by  Carlo Goldoni.

According to Filippo Ascione, Miranda was one of Federico Fellini's favorite films.

Franco Interlenghi
Franco Interlenghi (29 October 1931 – 10 September 2015) was an Italian actor.

He made his acting debut at 15 in Vittorio De Sica's 1946 Neorealist film Sciuscià. He worked with great directors such as Alessandro Blasetti in Fabiola, Roberto Rossellini in Viva l'Italia! and Il generale della Rovere, Federico Fellini in I vitelloni, Michelangelo Antonioni in I vinti, Mauro Bolognini in La notte brava and Luchino Visconti in his stage adaptation of Death of a Salesman. He also appeared in international films, such as Joseph L. Mankiewicz's The Barefoot Contessa, Julien Duvivier's Le petit monde de don Camillo, Charles Vidor's A Farewell to Arms and the Italian-American co-production Ulysses, directed by Mario Camerini.

With his wife, Antonella Lualdi, he had two children, one of whom is actress Antonellina Interlenghi. Franco Interlenghi died on 10 September 2015, aged 83.