hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2024 Armenia–Georgia floods
On 26 May 2024, heavy rains caused floods in Armenia and Georgia, with the Debed, Aghstev, and Tashir rivers bursting their banks. Three people have been confirmed dead, with 269 people evacuated from the area. Several bridges in the region collapsed. Several transportation links have been closed, including trains between Yerevan and Tbilisi as well as the main border crossing between Armenia and Georgia.

Water supply to several villages in the Tavush and Lori provinces was disrupted as a result of the flooding. Many homes and stores were washed away by the floods. Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan visited Lori and Tavush provinces to assess damages and to help coordinate aid and recovery efforts.

Aghstev (river)
The Aghstev (Armenian: Աղստև, romanized: Aghstev) or Aghstafa (also, Aghstafachay (Azerbaijani: Ağstafaçay)) is a river in Armenia and Azerbaijan, and a right tributary of the Kura. It is 121 km (75 mi) long, and has a 2,500 km2 (970 sq mi) drainage basin. Along the river lie the cities of Dilijan, Ijevan in Armenia and Gazakh and Aghstafa in Azerbaijan.
Munyegera
Munyegera is an administrative ward in Buhigwe District  of Kigoma Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 14,801 people in the ward, from 13,447 in 2012.: 124 : 152

National Bureau of Statistics (Tanzania)
The National Bureau of Statistics is a branch of the Government of Tanzania which has the mandate to provide official statistics to the Government of Tanzania, business community and the public at large. It is based in Dodoma and obtains a wide range of economic, social and demographic statistics about the country. The bureau compiled data on every village in Tanzania for the censuses of 2002, 2012 and 2022, but also provides the results of the previous censuses of 1967, 1978 and 1988.
Dialectica scalariella
Dialectica scalariella (echium leaf miner) is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found from France to the Iberian Peninsula, Italy and the Balkan Peninsula. Recently an imago was found in Great Britain. It was introduced in Australia for the biological control of the weed Echium plantagineum and has since spread to New Zealand.

The larvae feed on Anchusa strigosa, Borago, Cynoglossum creticum, Echium aculeatum, Echium giganteum, Echium plantagineum, Echium vulgare, Myosotis latifolia and Symphytum officinale. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Wikispecies
Wikispecies is a wiki-based online project supported by the Wikimedia Foundation. Its aim is to create a comprehensive open content catalog of all species; the project is directed at scientists, rather than at the general public. Jimmy Wales stated that editors are not required to fax in their degrees, but that submissions will have to pass muster with a technical audience. Wikispecies is available under the GNU Free Documentation License and CC BY-SA 4.0.

Started in September 2004, with biologists around the world invited to contribute, the project had grown to a framework encompassing the Linnaean taxonomy with links to Wikipedia articles on individual species by April 2005.
Opera at the Edinburgh International Festival: history and repertoire, 1947–1956
Opera was an important feature of the Edinburgh International Festival from its inception.

All the early productions were at the King's Theatre,  a variety touring house with a capacity of 1,350 seats, which had hosted the Carl Rosa Opera and the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company. Edinburgh did not have an opera house, and only limited creative resources to originate productions, in a way that was possible at festivals such as Salzburg from the 1960s onwards.

The Glyndebourne Festival Opera was an key partner who brought two productions to the festival each year from 1947 to 1951. In 1952, their place was taken by the Hamburg State Opera who brought six productions that year. However, in 1953, 1954 and 1955 Glyndebourne returned each time with three productions. Hamburg State Opera made their second visit in 1956, this time with five productions.

Hamburg State Opera
The Hamburg State Opera (in German: Staatsoper Hamburg) is a German opera company based in Hamburg. Its theatre is near the square of Gänsemarkt. Since the 2025/26 season, the Intendant of the company is Tobias Kratzer, and the Generalmusikdirektor is Omer Meir Wellber.
African Lakes Corporation
The African Lakes Corporation plc was a British company originally set-up in 1877 by Scottish businessmen to co-operate with Presbyterian missions in what is now Malawi. Despite its original connections with the Free Church of Scotland, it operated its businesses in Africa on a commercial rather than a philanthropic basis. It had political ambitions in the 1880s to control part of Central Africa and engaged in armed conflict with Swahili traders. Its businesses in the colonial era included water transport on the lakes and rivers of Central Africa, wholesale and retail trading including the operation of general stores, labour recruitment, landowning and later an automotive business. The company later diversified, but suffered an economic decline in the 1990s and was liquidated in 2007. One of the last directors of the company kindly bought the records of the company and donated them to Glasgow University Archive Services, where they are still available for research.

Karonga
Karonga is a township in the Karonga District in Northern Region of Malawi. Located on the western shore of Lake Malawi, it was established as a slaving centre sometime before 1877. As of 2018 estimates, Karonga has a population of 61,609. The common and major language spoken in this district is the Tumbuka language, which is also a regional language of Northern Malawi.
Rufus Stephenson
Rufus Stephenson (January 14, 1835 – February 15, 1901) was an Ontario newspaper editor and political figure. He represented Kent in the House of Commons of Canada as a Conservative member from 1867 to 1882.

He was born in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1835, the son of Eli Stephenson and Chloe Chapin. He was educated at the Grantham Academy in St. Catharines, Province of Canada. Stephenson worked as a printer in St. Catharines and came to Chatham around 1850. With Charles Stuart, he took over the ownership of the Western Planet, later the Chatham Planet, which he managed until 1878. He was elected to the town council in 1861, served as reeve in 1863 and mayor in 1865-1866. He served as government whip from 1878 to 1882. After he retired from federal politics, he served as customs collector at Chatham until his death in 1901. Stephenson was a member of the Freemasons.

In 1854, he married Georgianna Emma Andrew.

Party whip (Canada)
In Canada, a party whip is the member of a political party in the House of Commons of Canada, the Senate of Canada or a provincial legislative assembly charged with ensuring party discipline among members of that party's caucus. The whip is also responsible for assigning offices and scheduling speakers from his or her party for various bills, motions and other proceedings in the legislature.
Shylashri
Shylashri is an Indian actress who acted in Kannada, Tamil,Telugu,Hindi, Malayalam, and Malay (Malaysian Launguage). She was awarded the Rajyotsava Award in 2019 for her contributions to Kannada Cinema.

Shylashri is known to be one of 3 daughters of a classical musician, Veena Gnanambal, who taught music in Annamalai University.

Cinema of Malaysia
The cinema of Malaysia consists of feature films produced in Malaysia, shot in the languages Malay, Arabic, Mandarin, Cantonese, Tamil, various indigenous languages, and English.

Malaysia produces about 60 feature films and 300–400 television dramas and serials per year, in addition to the in-house productions of individual television stations. The country also holds its own annual national level film awards, known as the Malaysia Film Festival. There are about 150 cinemas and cineplexes in Malaysia, which show both domestic and foreign produced films. Foreign film producers are welcome to shoot on location in Malaysia and to undertake film co-production ventures, which provide local artists and those with technical roles to with the opportunity to gain exposure and experience.

Currently internationally famous Malaysian actors include Academy Award winner Michelle Yeoh and Henry Golding.
Rajendrasinh Jadeja
Rajendrasinh Jadeja, also spelt as Rajendra Raisinh Jadeja aka Rajendra Jadeja (29 November 1955 – 16 May 2021), was an Indian cricketer, coach and former BCCI official referee. He played first-class cricket representing Saurashtra, West Zone and Mumbai. He featured in 50 first-class matches and in 11 List A matches.

Saurashtra cricket team
Saurashtra cricket team is one of the three first-class cricket teams based in the Indian state of Gujarat (the other two being the Baroda cricket team and the Gujarat cricket team) that competes in India's first-class cricket tournament Ranji Trophy and limited-overs cricket tournaments Vijay Hazare Trophy and Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy.
Zhou Yu's Train
Zhou Yu's Train (simplified Chinese: 周渔的火车; traditional Chinese: 周漁的火車; pinyin: zhōu yú de huǒchē) is a 2002 Chinese film, based on a novella by Bei Cun,  directed by Sun Zhou, and starring Gong Li, Tony Leung Ka-Fai and Sun Honglei.

The title refers to a poetic compilation published by the character in the movie played by Leung. The story starts at a book signing event and leads to the memories of the two lovers encounters. Zhou Yu maintained the relationship by commuting on the train, hence the title of the movie.

Tagline: Her love is torn between a doctor and a poet.

Tony Leung Ka-fai
Tony Leung Ka-fai (simplified Chinese: 梁家辉; traditional Chinese: 梁家輝; born 1 February 1958) is a Hong Kong actor who is a four-time winner of the Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actor.

As he is often confused with actor Tony Leung Chiu-wai, Tony Leung Ka-fai is known as "Big Tony", while Tony Leung Chiu-wai is known as "Little Tony", nicknames which correspond to the actors' respective age and physical statures.
Coventry Central Baths
Coventry Central Baths was a leisure centre in Coventry, England. It is located on Fairfax Street in the city centre, and was the main building of the Coventry Sports & Leisure Centre until its closure in February 2020.

Leisure centre
A leisure centre, sports centre, or recreation centre is a purpose-built building or site, usually owned and provided by the local government authority, where people can engage in a variety of sports and exercise, and keep fit.
St. Paul Subdivision
The St. Paul Subdivision or St. Paul Sub is a 30.9-mile (49.7 km) railway line running within the state of Minnesota. The line originates in Minneapolis and continues through neighboring Saint Paul, Minnesota and on into Saint Paul's southeastern suburbs along the Mississippi River. It is a segment of BNSF Railway's Northern Transcon which runs from Chicago, Illinois to Seattle, Washington. Between Minneapolis and Saint Paul themselves, this route runs on former Northern Pacific Railway trackage, and forms the northern set of BNSF tracks running through the Twin Cities. The companion route running slightly to the south is the Midway Subdivision, though the St. Paul Subdivision is the busier set of tracks, hosting about 59 trains per day as of April 2009. It is the second-busiest rail line in the state, after the segment of the Staples Subdivision between Fridley and Coon Rapids.

Coon Rapids, Minnesota
Coon Rapids is a northern suburb of Minneapolis, and the second-largest city by population in Anoka County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 63,599 at the 2020 census, making it Minnesota's 15th-largest city and the seventh-largest Twin Cities suburb.
Boblbee
Boblbee (also expressed as BOBLBE·E when used on their products; English:  /ˈbɒbəlbiː/, BAH-bəl-bee) is a corporation that began in 1997 as a think tank for research and development of sports and recreational equipment. This led to the design and manufacture of hardshell and softshell backpacks. Their hardshell backpacks are best known for their impact reduction capabilities (between 86% and 93% depending on the model), unusual design, and accompanying accessory range. They have received two Good Design Awards. In 2015, the company became part of the Point 65 Sweden, and their product range was re-launched under the new brand name. Their flagship store & corporate headquarters is located in Stockholm, Sweden.

Sports equipment
Sports equipment, also called sporting goods, are the tools, materials, apparel, and gear that vary in shape, size, and usage in a particular sport. It includes balls, nets, rackets, protective gears like helmets, goggles, etc. Since the performer must use sports equipment, it can also serve for protection.
Odyssice
Odyssice is a Dutch progressive rock band. The band name comes from a fantasy name associated with Greek mythology. It was founded in 1986 by Bastiaan Peeters (guitar), André Hubbeling (keyboards) and Alan Natele (drums). The group's song, "Track One" was played on the Dutch radio-show, Countdown Café, in 1987. Well known bands such as IQ, Pendragon and Oblique had tracks played on this radio-show.

IQ (band)
IQ are a British neo-prog band founded by Mike Holmes and Martin Orford in 1981 following the dissolution of their original band The Lens.

Although the band have never enjoyed major commercial success and had several lineup changes, IQ have built up a loyal following over the years and are still active as of 2025, currently with the original recording line-up (with the exception of Orford).

Throughout 2021 and 2022, IQ performed a series of concerts in the UK and Europe celebrating their 40th anniversary.
Diarmaid MacCulloch
Diarmaid Ninian John MacCulloch Kt FSA FRHistS FBA (/ˈdɜːrməd/; born 31 October 1951) is an English academic and historian, specialising in ecclesiastical history and the history of Christianity. Since 1995, he has been a fellow of St Cross College, Oxford; he was formerly the senior tutor. Since 2020, he has been a senior research fellow and archivist at Campion Hall, Oxford. From 1997 to 2019, he was Professor of the History of the Church at the University of Oxford.

Though ordained a deacon in the Church of England, he declined ordination to the priesthood because of the church's attitude to homosexuality. In 2009 he encapsulated the evolution of his religious beliefs: "I was brought up in the presence of the Bible, and I remember with affection what it was like to hold a dogmatic position on the statements of Christian belief. I would now describe myself as a candid friend of Christianity." MacCulloch sits on the editorial board of the Journal of Ecclesiastical History.

The Journal of Ecclesiastical History
The Journal of Ecclesiastical History is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Cambridge University Press. It was established in 1950 and covers all aspects of the history of the Christian Church. It deals with the church both as an institution and in its relations with other religions and society at large. The journal publishes articles and book reviews.

The current editors-in-chief are Alec Ryrie (Durham University) and James Carleton Paget (University of Cambridge). The journal is regarded as highly authoritative in its field, and is compared to the American Church History.
Watchem
Watchem is a town in north western Victoria, Australia. The town is in the Shire of Buloke local government area and on the Sunraysia Highway, 307 kilometres (191 mi) north west of the state capital, Melbourne and 35 kilometres (22 mi) from nearby Donald. At the 2021 census, Watchem and the surrounding area had a population of 124.

Watchem has a thriving lake based within walking distance from the town centre.

The Post Office opened on 2 November 1889.

With its neighbouring township Birchip, Watchem has a football team (Birchip-Watchem) competing in the North Central Football League.

Watchem also has a cricket team named the Watchem Panthers. They play at the Watchem Cricket Ground and compete in the Wimmera-Mallee Cricket Association B Grade. In the 2024/2025 season the Watchem Panthers won the Grand Final against Donald-Jeffcott C.C played at Marnoo Cricket Ground (M.C.G).

Sunraysia Highway
Sunraysia Highway (route B220) is a 330 kilometres (205 mi) north–south rural highway in western Victoria, linking Ouyen to the north-western Ballarat suburb of Mitchell Park, and acts as a secondary route to Calder Highway, the main route between Melbourne and Mildura. It serves a number of important industries in the region such as agriculture, viticulture, food processing, winemaking and tourism. It forms an important link for these industries to markets and ports in the south of Victoria and South Australia.
Nildo Petrolina
Evanildo Fernandes Gomes (born 1 May 1986), known as Nildo Petrolina, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Petrolina Social Futebol Clube.

He spent most of his career in Portugal, making 153 Primeira Liga appearances for Beira-Mar, Arouca, Moreirense and Aves and scoring 18 goals. He won the Taça da Liga with the third of those clubs in 2017, and the Taça de Portugal with the fourth a year later.

2017 Taça da Liga final
The 2017 Taça da Liga final was the final match of the 2016–17 Taça da Liga, the tenth season of the Taça da Liga. It was played on 29 January 2017 at Estádio Algarve.

The competition involved the 35 clubs playing in the top two tiers of the Portuguese football league system – 18 from Primeira Liga and 17 from Segunda Liga – during the 2016–17 season. Reserve sides of Primeira Liga teams which played in the 2016–17 Segunda Liga were excluded from the competition.

Moreirense defeated Braga 1–0 to win their first national cup in their first appearance in a national cup final.
YPN
YPN or ypn can refer to:

Port-Menier Airport, an airport near Port-Menier, Québec, Canada, by IATA code

Yahoo! Publisher Network, a now-defunct advertising network from 2005 to 2010

Phowa language, spoken in China, by ISO 639 code

Yahoo Publisher Network
The Yahoo! Publisher Network (abbreviated YPN) was an advertising network launched on August 2, 2005, by Yahoo! and effectively closed on April 30, 2010. The service only accepted US-Based publishers. YPN provided cost per click contextual advertising as well as various tools and services to assist publishers in building and improving their websites.
Chawpi Chawpi
Chawpi Chawpi (Quechua chawpi central, middle, the reduplication indicates that there is a group or a complex of something, Hispanicized spelling Chaupi Chaupi) is a mountain in the Wansu mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,200 metres (17,060 ft) high. It is situated in the Arequipa Region, La Unión Province, Puyca District. Chawpi Chawpi lies northwest of Ikmaqucha and southwest of the mountains Yuraq Punta and Tintaya.

Department of Arequipa
Arequipa (Quechua: Ariqipa) is a department of Peru. Located to the country's southwest, it is the sixth largest department in Peru, after Puno, Cuzco, Madre de Dios, Ucayali, and Loreto, its sixth most populous department, and its eleventh least densely populated department. It is bordered by the departments of Ica, Ayacucho, Apurímac and Cuzco to the north, Puno to the east, the Department of Moquegua to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital, also called Arequipa, is Peru's second-largest city.
164th Airlift Squadron
The 164th Airlift Squadron (164 AS) is a squadron of the Ohio Air National Guard 179th Airlift Wing located at Mansfield Lahm Air National Guard Base, Mansfield, Ohio. The 164th AS was most recently equipped with the C-130 Hercules.

Stabilisation Force in Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Stabilisation Force (SFOR) was a NATO-led multinational peacekeeping force deployed to Bosnia and Herzegovina after the Bosnian War. It was authorised by Security Council Resolution 1088 on 12 December 1996. Although SFOR was led by NATO, several non-NATO countries contributed troops. It was replaced by EUFOR Althea in December 2004.
23rd General Assembly of Nova Scotia
The 23rd General Assembly of Nova Scotia represented Nova Scotia between 1864 and 1867.

The assembly sat at the pleasure of the Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia, Charles Hastings Doyle. Richard Graves MacDonnell was governor for Nova Scotia from May 1864 to October 1865. William Fenwick Williams served as governor from 1865 to 1867.

John C. Wade was chosen as speaker for the house.

The assembly was dissolved on June 10, 1867.

Fenwick Williams
General Sir William Fenwick Williams, 1st Baronet, GCB (4 December 1800 – 26 July 1883) was a Nova Scotian-born British Army officer.

Williams is remembered for his defence of the town of Kars during the Crimean War. He with other British officers inspired the poorly equipped Turkish soldiers to repel Russian attacks by General Murav’ev on the besieged town for three months, causing 6,000 Russian casualties. They were forced to surrender due to starvation, disease and shortage of ammunition. However, they surrendered on their own terms, with the officers being allowed to retain their swords. Williams was imprisoned at Ryazan, but he was treated very well and released at the end of the Crimean War in 1856. Before returning home he was introduced to Tsar Alexander II.

Many other honours were bestowed upon Williams, and in 1865–1867, he was appointed the first Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia, where he was born.
Vražkov
Vražkov is a municipality and village in Litoměřice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.

Vražkov lies approximately 21 kilometres (13 mi) south-east of Litoměřice, 36 km (22 mi) south-east of Ústí nad Labem, and 34 km (21 mi) north of Prague.

Litoměřice
Litoměřice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈlɪtomɲɛr̝ɪtsɛ] ⓘ; German: Leitmeritz) is a town in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 23,000 inhabitants. It is located at the confluence of the Elbe and Ohře rivers. In the Middle Ages, it was a royal town of great political, cultural and economic importance. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation. The town is the seat of the Diocese of Litoměřice.
Canadian Screen Award for Best Children's or Youth Non-Fiction Program or Series
The Canadian Screen Award for Best Children's or Youth Non-Fiction Program or Series is an annual television award, presented by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to honour the year's best non-fiction television programming for children produced in Canada.

The award was first presented in 2002 as part of the Gemini Awards program. Prior to 2002, a single Gemini Award for Best Children's or Youth Program or Series was presented, inclusive of both fiction and non-fiction programming; in 2002, the award was split into separate categories for fiction and non-fiction programming.

Since 2013, the award has been presented as part of the Canadian Screen Awards.

Gabby's Farm
Gabby's Farm is a Canadian children's television series, which debuted in 2021 on TVOntario. Hosted by Gabby Sharpe, a young girl who lives with her parents on a farm in rural Guelph/Eramosa, the series introduces viewers to the animals, equipment and activities of farm living.

The series received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Children's or Youth Non-fiction Series at the 10th Canadian Screen Awards in 2022.