hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chase County, Nebraska
Chase County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 3,893. Its county seat is Imperial.

In the Nebraska license plate system, Chase County is represented by the prefix 72 (it had the 72nd-most vehicles registered in the state when the license plate system was established in 1922).

Nebraska Highway 61
Nebraska Highway 61 (N-61) is a 234.82-mile (377.91 km) state highway in western Nebraska, United States. The southern terminus of N-61 is at the Kansas border south of Benkelman, where the highway continues south as K-161.  The northern terminus is at the South Dakota border north of Merriman, where the highway continues north as South Dakota Highway 73.
Michels syndrome
Michels syndrome is a syndrome characterised by intellectual disability, craniosynostosis, blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus, highly arched eyebrows, and hypertelorism. People with Michels syndrome vary in other symptoms such as asymmetry of the skull, eyelid, and anterior chamber anomalies, cleft lip and palate, umbilical anomalies, and growth and cognitive development.

Blepharophimosis
Blepharophimosis is a congenital anomaly in which the eyelids are underdeveloped such that they cannot open as far as usual and permanently cover part of the eyes. Both the vertical and horizontal palpebral fissures (eyelid openings) are shortened; the eyes also appear spaced more widely apart as a result, known as telecanthus.
Fracking in New Zealand
Fracking has been carried out in New Zealand since 1989, mostly in Taranaki and also in coal seams in Waikato and Southland. Concerns have been raised about its negative effects and some local government jurisdictions have called for a moratorium on fracking but this has been rejected by the government. The environmental effects of fracking are regulated by the Resource Management Act (RMA) through the requirement for resource consents.

Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment
The Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment (Māori: Te Kaitiaki Taiao a Te Whare Pāremata) is an independent Officer of the New Zealand Parliament appointed by the Governor-General on the recommendation of the House of Representatives for a five-year term under the Environment Act 1986. The Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment replaced the Commission for the Environment, a Government agency which was formed in 1972.
Early Childhood Longitudinal Study
The Early Childhood Longitudinal Study (ECLS) program provides data about the development of children in the United States. It is carried out by the Institute of Education Sciences. It provides data on children's status at birth and at various points thereafter. The ECLS program also provides data to analyze the relationships among a wide range of family, school, community, and individual variables with children's development, early learning, and performance in school.

Institute of Education Sciences
The Institute of Education Sciences (IES) is the independent, non-partisan statistics, research, and evaluation arm of the U.S. Department of Education. IES' stated mission is to provide scientific evidence on which to ground education practice and policy and to share this information in formats that are useful and accessible to educators, parents, policymakers, researchers, and the public. It was created as part of the Education Sciences Reform Act of 2002.

The first director of IES was Grover Whitehurst, who was appointed in November 2002 and served for six years. As of March 2024, Matthew Soldner is the acting Director of IES.
Tlos
Tlos (Lycian: 𐊗𐊍𐊀𐊇𐊀 Tlawa, Hittite: 𒁕𒆷𒉿 Dalawa, Ancient Greek: Τλώς or Τλῶς) was an ancient Lycian city near the modern town of Seydikemer in the Mugla Province of southern Turkey, some 4 kilometres northwest of Saklıkent Gorge.

It was one of the oldest and largest cities of Lycia.

Bellerophon
Bellerophon or Bellerophontes (Ancient Greek: Βελλεροφῶν; Βελλεροφόντης; lit. "slayer of Belleros") or Hipponous (Ancient Greek: Ἱππόνοος; lit. "horse-knower"), was a divine Corinthian hero of Greek mythology, the son of Poseidon and Eurynome, and the foster son of Glaukos. He was "the greatest hero and slayer of monsters, alongside Cadmus and Perseus, before the days of Heracles". Among his greatest feats was killing the Chimera of the Iliad, a monster that Homer depicted with a lion's head, a goat's body, and a serpent's tail: "her breath came out in terrible blasts of burning flame."

Bellerophon was also known for capturing and taming the winged horse Pegasus with the help of Athena's charmed bridle, and earning the disfavour of the gods after attempting to ride Pegasus to Mount Olympus.
Sonya Clark
Sonya Clark Listenⓘ(born 1967, Washington, D.C.) is an American artist of Afro-Caribbean heritage. Clark is a fiber artist known for using a variety of materials including human hair and combs to address race, culture, class, and history. Her beaded headdress assemblages and braided wig series of the late 1990s, which received critical acclaim, evoked African traditions of personal adornment and moved these common forms into the realm of personal and political expression. Although African art and her Caribbean background are important influences, Clark also builds on practices of assemblage and accumulation used by American artists such as Betye Saar and David Hammons.

Headgear
Headgear, headwear, or headdress is any element of clothing which is worn on one's head, including hats, helmets, turbans and many other types. Headgear is worn for many purposes, including protection against the elements, decoration, or for religious or cultural reasons, including social conventions.
Autophosphorylation
Autophosphorylation is a type of post-translational modification of proteins. It is generally defined as the phosphorylation of the kinase by itself. In eukaryotes, this process occurs by the addition of a phosphate group to serine, threonine or tyrosine residues within protein kinases, normally to regulate the catalytic activity. 
Autophosphorylation may occur when a kinases' own active site catalyzes the phosphorylation reaction (cis autophosphorylation), or when another kinase of the same type provides the active site that carries out the chemistry (trans autophosphorylation). The latter often occurs when kinase molecules dimerize. In general, the phosphate groups introduced are gamma phosphates from nucleoside triphosphates, most commonly ATP.

Nucleoside triphosphate
A nucleoside triphosphate is a nucleoside containing a nitrogenous base bound to a 5-carbon sugar (either ribose or deoxyribose), with three phosphate groups bound to the sugar. They are the molecular precursors of both DNA and RNA, which are chains of nucleotides made through the processes of DNA replication and transcription. Nucleoside triphosphates also serve as a source of energy for cellular reactions and are involved in signalling pathways.

Nucleoside triphosphates cannot easily cross the cell membrane, so they are typically synthesized within the cell. Synthesis pathways differ depending on the specific nucleoside triphosphate being made, but given the many important roles of nucleoside triphosphates, synthesis is tightly regulated in all cases. Nucleoside analogues may also be used to treat viral infections. For example, azidothymidine (AZT) is a nucleoside analogue used to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS.
Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1972
Ireland was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1972 with the song "Ceol an Ghrá", written by Joe Burkett and Liam Mac Uistin, and performed by Sandie Jones. To date, this is the only entry from Ireland sung in Irish. The Irish participating broadcaster, Radio Telefís Éireann (RTÉ), selected its entry through a national final. The song eventually finished in fifteenth place in the international final held at the Usher Hall in Edinburgh.

RTÉ One
RTÉ One is an Irish free-to-air flagship television service owned and operated by RTÉ. It is the most-popular and most-watched television channel in the country and was launched as Telefís Éireann on 31 December 1961, it was renamed RTÉ in 1966, and it was renamed as RTÉ 1 upon the launch of RTÉ2 in 1978.  It is funded partly by the government's licence fee; the remainder of the funding is provided by commercial advertising. Because RTÉ is funded partly by the licence fee it shows considerably fewer advertisements than most other channels available in Ireland and Northern Ireland.

RTÉ One is available to 98% of the Irish population in HD on the Saorview DTT service. It is also available in Northern Ireland via Saorview, Freeview, Sky, and cable provider Virgin Media. The channel is also available online through RTÉ Player.
Lee Shubert
Lee Shubert (born Levi Schubart; March 25, 1871 – December 25, 1953) was a Lithuanian-born American theatre owner/operator and producer. He was the eldest of three brothers of the notable Shubert family.

Lithuanian Americans
Lithuanian Americans refer to American citizens and residents of Lithuanian descent or were born in Lithuania.

New Philadelphia, Pennsylvania has the largest percentage of Lithuanian Americans (20.8%) in its population in the United States. Chicago has historically had the largest number of Lithuanian Americans and the largest Lithuanian diaspora in the world. Lithuanian Americans form by far the largest group within the Lithuanian diaspora.
Gro Anita Schønn
Gro Anita Schønn (28 January 1950 – 24 April 2001) was a Norwegian singer.

Schønn was born in Drammen. She made her solo debut in 1967, and issued eight albums between 1970 and 1980. Among her song hits were En enkel sang om frihet from 1971, and Eviva España from 1973. Along with Inger Lise Rypdal and Stein Ingebrigtsen she formed the core of the musical trio Treff, which issued 21 cover albums in the 1970s. She died from pneumonia in 2001.

Stein Ingebrigtsen
Stein Ingebrigtsen (born 23 August 1945) is a Norwegian singer. He was enormously popular in Norway in the 1970s, nicknamed "Mr. Norsktoppen" for his countless hits topping Norsktoppen, an official chart for music in Norwegian.
Life in Christ (document)
Life in Christ is a 1993 ecumenical document that covers the topic of moral theology, especially as it relates to the relationship between the Anglican communion and the Roman Catholic Church.

The document is historically relevant in that it presents the doctrinal views of the Church of England shortly before the latter began to accept the ordination of homosexuals and the ordination of women within its moral discipline.

The text, which is signed by Cormac Murphy O'Connor on the Catholic side and Mark Santer on the Anglican side, also gives a valuable portrait of Catholic teaching surrounding marriage, and why it is regarded as indissoluble.

Life in Christ was notably cited by Cardinal William Levada in his declaration on the motives for creating personal ordinariates for Anglicans entering the Catholic Church.

Ethics in religion
Ethics involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior. A central aspect of ethics is "the good life", the life worth living or life that is simply satisfying, which is held by many philosophers to be more important than traditional moral conduct.

Most religions have an ethical component, often derived from purported supernatural revelation or guidance. Some assert that religion is necessary to live ethically. Simon Blackburn states that there are those who "would say that we can only flourish under the umbrella of a strong social order, cemented by common adherence to a particular religious tradition".
Evesham River Festival
Evesham River Festival started in 1986 and is held in Workman Gardens, Evesham, on the banks of and in the River Avon. The festival is usually arranged for mid-July. The festival consists of visiting fancily-dressed boats, often decoratively illuminated, waterways skill demonstrations/competitions, and various events and entertainments for both the boaters and visiting members of the public.  These events have included Douglas DC-3 flybys from the Battle of Britain Memorial Flight, morris men, and live music.

Battle of Britain Memorial Flight
The Battle of Britain Memorial Flight (BBMF) is a Royal Air Force flight which provides an aerial display group usually comprising an Avro Lancaster heavy bomber and two fighters, a Supermarine Spitfire and a Hawker Hurricane. The aircraft are regularly seen at events commemorating the Second World War and upon British State occasions, notably Trooping the Colour, celebrating Queen Elizabeth II's 80th birthday in 2006, and the wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton in 2011, and at air displays throughout the United Kingdom and Europe.

The flight is administratively part of No. 1 Group (Air Combat) RAF, operating out of RAF Coningsby in Lincolnshire, England.
Gymnastics at the 2014 Commonwealth Games – Women's rhythmic individual all-around
The women's rhythmic individual all-around gymnastics competition at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, Scotland was held from 24 July to 25 July at the Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre.

The team competition on 24 July, was also used as the qualifying competition for the individual-all around. 32 athletes participated with the top 16 advancing to the final. However, only two athletes per nation were allowed to progress.

SEC Centre
The SEC Centre (originally known as the Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre until 2017) is Scotland's largest exhibition centre, located in Glasgow, Scotland. It is one of the three main venues within the Scottish Event Campus.

Since the opening of the original buildings in 1985, the complex has undergone two major expansions; the first being the SEC Armadillo in 1997, and then the OVO Hydro in 2013. The venue's holding company SEC Limited, is 91% owned by Glasgow City Council and 9% owned by private investors. It is probably best known for hosting concerts, particularly in Hall 4 and Hall 3.
Cospatrick (ship)
Cospatrick was a wooden three-masted full-rigged sailing ship that caught fire south of the Cape of Good Hope early on 18 November 1874, while on a voyage from Gravesend, England, to Auckland, New Zealand. Only three of the 472 persons on board survived the disaster, which is often considered the worst in New Zealand's history.

Full-rigged ship
A full-rigged ship or fully rigged ship is a sailing vessel with a sail plan of three or more masts, all of them square-rigged. Such a vessel is said to have a ship rig or be ship-rigged, with each mast stepped in three segments: lower, top, and topgallant.
Los Premios MTV Latinoamérica 2006
The annual Premios MTV Latinoamérica 2006 took place on October 19, 2006 in Mexico City at Palacio de los Deportes for the first time.

They were the first MTV awards celebrated in Latin America and the ceremony returned in style after last year's awards were cancelled due to Hurricane Wilma approaching to the Riviera Maya and all of the presenters for the 2006 ceremony apologized to viewers during the broadcast for such.

Labios Compartidos
"Labios Compartidos" (English: "Shared Lips") is the first single released from Maná's seventh studio album, Amar es Combatir (2006). It became one of the band's most recognized songs, topping the Billboard Hot Latin Tracks chart for eight consecutive weeks.
Sisters of St Rita
The Sisters of Saint Rita are a Roman Catholic religious institute. They were founded in 1911 by Father Hugolinus Dach, an Augustinian priest in Würzburg, Germany.

Originally developed as a lay group to care for families, in 1917 the Sisters took the habit, and started to say the daily Marian office. There were seven sisters at peak and currently there are three.

In 1936, they were aggregated to the Order of Saint Augustine and given the Rule of St. Augustine. In 1935, four sisters had been sent as missioners to Bolivia. When their mission was completed, they could not return home due to the imminent outbreak of World War II. They went instead to work at the Augustinians' Our Lady of Good Counsel Novitiate in New Hamburg, New York.

In 1942, they were invited to come work for the priests at St. Rita's Parish in Racine, Wisconsin. In 1971, the sisters opened St. Monica's Senior Citizen Home.

Rule of Saint Augustine
The Rule of Saint Augustine, written in about the year 400, is a brief document divided into eight chapters and serves as an outline for religious life lived in community. It is the oldest monastic rule in the Western Church.

The rule, developed by Augustine of Hippo (354–430), governs chastity, poverty, obedience, detachment from the world, the apportionment of labour, the inferiors, fraternal charity, prayer in common, fasting and abstinence proportionate to the strength of the individual, care of the sick, silence and reading during meals. It came into use on a wide scale from the twelfth century onwards and continues to be employed today by many orders, including the Dominicans, Servites, Mercederians, Norbertines, and Augustinians.
Kondapalli (surname)
Kondapalli, Kondapally (Telugu: కొండపల్లి), or Kondapalle (Telugu: కొండపల్లె) is a Telugu surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kondapalli Appala Naidu (born 1967), Indian politician

Kondapalli Dasaradh Kumar (born 1971), Indian film director and screenwriter

Kondapalli Koteswaramma (1918–2018), Indian communist leader, writer, and feminist

Kondapalli Seetharamaiah (1914–2002), Indian communist leader

Kondapalli Srinivas, Indian politician

Srikanth Kondapalli, Indian professor

Srikanth Kondapalli
Srikanth Kondapalli is a Professor of China studies at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.

Kondapalli is a frequent writer and commentator in the national and international media. He has been quoted regularly in BBC News, China Daily, Der Spiegel, The Atlantic, The New York Times, The Indian Express, The Guardian, The Times of India, The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post, and Xinhua.
Visa requirements for Bahraini citizens
Visa requirements for Bahraini citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Bahrain. As of  2025, Bahraini citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 89 countries and territories, ranking the Bahraini passport 56th in the world according to the  Henley Passport Index.

Henley Passport Index
The Henley Passport Index is an annual global ranking of countries according to the travel freedom allowed by those countries' ordinary passports for their citizens. It was launched in 2005 as Henley & Partners Visa Restrictions Index and was updated to Henley Passport Index in January 2018. The index is updated on a quarterly basis to reflect changes in global visa policies.

The index annually ranks 199 passports of the world by the number of countries that their holders can travel to without requiring a visa. The number of countries that a specific passport can access becomes its visa-free "score". The data is obtained from the International Air Transport Association (IATA)'s Timatic documentation requirements database.
Khuman kingdom
"Khuman Leipaak" (Meitei: ꯈꯨꯃꯟ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ) (literally, "Khuman kingdom") was an independent powerful kingdom, ruled by the kings of the Khuman dynasty in Ancient Manipur. The principality flourished at the shores of the Loktak lake. Mayang Imphal, the capital city of the kingdom, was situated at the left banks of the Imphal River, until the middle of the 14th century AD.
The Khuman kingdom was once more extensive and prosperous than that of the Ningthoujas. However, it became dependent on the Ningthouja kingdom by the 12th century AD.

Imphal River
The Imphal River (Meitei: Imphal Turel), also known as the Turel Achouba, is a major river in Manipur state, northeastern India which originates from the northern side of Kangpokpi district. It is a tributary of the Manipur River, joining it in Thoubal district. It flows past Loktak Lake and the city of Imphal and joins the Lilong River, some 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the south. It flows towards Myanmar (Burma), marking the end point at 23°59'49.2"N 93°44'29.7"E. In Myanmar, it flows south,  meeting Myittha River at 22°53'24.19"N, 94° 5'1.79"E. Myittha river flows towards north and meets Chindwin River (also called Ningthi River) at 23°11'36.82"N, 94°18'38.28"E. Chindwin river then meets Irrawaddy River at 21°25'23.85"N, 95°16'47.56"E. Irrawaddy river then flows south till it reaches the Andaman Sea, adjoining the Bay of Bengal and thereby connecting Imphal city to the sea. Imphal River was used by Japanese soldiers in boats to reach Imphal in World War II.
Alyxia stellata
Alyxia stellata, known as maile in Hawaiian, is a species of flowering plant in the dogbane family, Apocynaceae, that is native to the tropical Pacific from Queensland to Hawaii. It grows as either a twining liana, scandent shrub, or small erect shrub, and is one of the few vines that are endemic to the islands. The leaves are usually ternate, sometimes opposite, and can show both types on the same stem. Flowers are quite inconspicuous and have a sweet and light fragrance of honey. The bark is most fragrant and exudes a slightly sticky, milky sap when punctured, characteristic of the family Apocynaceae.  The entire plant contains coumarin, a sweet-smelling compound that is also present in vanilla grass (Anthoxanthum odoratum), woodruff (Galium odoratum) and mullein (Verbascum spp.).  Fruit are oval and dark purple when ripe.  Maile is a morphologically variable plant and the Hawaiian names reflect this (see Ethnobotany section).

Vine
A vine is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas, or runners. The word vine can also refer to such stems or runners themselves, for instance, when used in wicker work.

In parts of the world, including the British Isles, the term "vine" usually applies exclusively to grapevines, while the term "climber" is used for all climbing plants.
Wrecking (shipwreck)
Wrecking is the practice of taking valuables from a shipwreck which has foundered or run aground close to shore. Often an unregulated activity of opportunity in coastal communities, wrecking has been subjected to increasing regulation and evolved into what is now known as marine salvage.

Wrecking is no longer economically significant. However, as recently as the 19th century in some parts of the world, it was the mainstay of otherwise economically marginal coastal communities.

A traditional legendary trope is that of  wreckers deliberately decoying ships on to coasts using tricks, especially false lights, so that they run ashore for easy plundering. While this has been depicted in many stories and legends, there is no clear evidence that this has ever happened.

Port of entry
In general, a port of entry (POE) is a place where one may lawfully enter a country. It typically has border security staff and facilities to check passports and visas and to inspect luggage to assure that contraband is not imported. International airports are usually ports of entry, as are road and rail crossings on a land border. Seaports can be used as ports of entry only if a dedicated customs presence is posted there. The choice of whether to become a port of entry is up to the civil authority controlling the port.