hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arnold Laasner
Arnold Laasner (27 June 1906 – 29 January 1964) was an Estonian footballer and basketball player.

He was born in Tallinn. A midfielder, he began his football career at the age of 14 in Nõmme. In 1925 he joined SK Tallinna Sport. He became the Estonian champion in 1925, 1929 and 1931–33. He won the silver medal in 1926, 1927, 1930, 1934, 1936 and 1943, and won the bronze medal in 1939. In 1932, he scored the most goals (fourteen) in Meistriliiga and scored 54 goals in the championship during his career.

He also played ice hockey, volleyball and especially basketball, winning a silver medal for the Estonian championships in 1927. He played also one match for Estonia men's national basketball team.

Following the Soviet re-occupation and annexation of Estonia at the end of World War II, he fled to Germany. Later, he moved to United Kingdom. He died in Gloucester in 1964.

Soviet occupation of the Baltic states (1944)
The Soviet Union (USSR) occupied most of the territory of the Baltic states in its 1944 Baltic Offensive during World War II. The Red Army regained control over the three Baltic capitals and encircled retreating Wehrmacht and Latvian forces in the Courland Pocket, where they held out until the final German surrender at the end of the war.
Herman August Meyer House
Herman August Meyer House is a historic home located at Davis, Tucker County, West Virginia. It was built about 1891, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, T-shaped, 5-bay central-passage I house of wood construction.  It was built as a single-family residence, and converted for use as a bed and breakfast inn.  Also on the property is a domestic dependency, built about 1891.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.

Bed and breakfast
A bed and breakfast (typically shortened to B&B or BnB) is a small lodging establishment that offers overnight accommodation and breakfast. In addition, a B&B sometimes has the hosts living in the house.

Bed and breakfast is also used to describe the level of catering included in a hotel's room prices, as opposed to room-only, half-board, or full-board.
Sherzad (Pashtun tribe)
The Sherzad tribe is one of the three major sub-tribes of the Khogyani tribe of Karlani Pashtun.  The Sherzad are primarily found in the central regions of Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan, particularly Sherzad District.

Khogyani (Pashtun tribe)
The Khugyani, Khogyani or Khogiani tribe is one of the Karlāṇī tribes of the Pashtun people. The tribe originated in the Khogyani district in Nangarhar province of Afghanistan. The Khogyani District is in eastern Nangarhar province of Afghanistan, near the city of Jalalabad and the Kōh-i-Safēd (White mountain range). Descendants of Khogianis in the Indian subcontinent are known as Khakwanis.
Sundar Lal Mandrawal
Sundar Lal Mandrawal (died 30 September 2020) was an Indian politician and member of the Indian National Congress. He was a member of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly from the Pauri constituency and Srinagar in Pauri Garhwal district.

Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly
The Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly, also known as the Uttarakhand Vidhan Sabha (formerly the Uttaranchal Legislative Assembly), is a unicameral governing and law making body of Uttarakhand, one of the 28 states of India. It is seated at Dehradun, the winter capital, and Gairsain, the summer capital of Uttarakhand. The total strength of the assembly is 71 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLA).

As of March 2022, Pushkar Singh Dhami is the current Chief Minister of Uttarakhand and Leader of the House in the 5th Vidhan Sabha. The Speaker of the Assembly is Ritu Khanduri Bhushan. Gurmit Singh is the current Governor of Uttarakhand.
Viola lutea subsp. calaminaria
Viola lutea subsp. calaminaria (synonym Viola calaminaria) is a subspecies of V. lutea, in the violet family, the Violaceae. The plant occurs from Kelmis (La Calamine in French) in the Belgian province of Liège across the borders to Germany and the Netherlands. The plant has adapted to an excess of zinc in the tailings of a former mine, the heaps of stone left over after separating the valuable fraction from the ore. By evolving the ability to cope with the toxic heavy metal pollution, this violet has gained an advantage over the other plants in the ecosystem, as is able to become the locally dominant floral component of such habitats.

Violaceae
Violaceae is a family of flowering plants established in 1802, consisting of about 1000 species in about 25 genera. It takes its name from the genus Viola,  the violets and pansies.

Older classifications such as the Cronquist system placed the Violaceae in an order named after it, the Violales or the Parietales. However, molecular phylogeny studies place the family in the Malpighiales as reflected in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) classification, with 41 other families, where it is situated in the parietal clade of 11 families. Most of the species are found in three large genera, Viola, Rinorea and Hybanthus. The other genera are largely monotypic or oligotypic. The genera are grouped into four clades within the family. The species are largely tropical or subtropical but Viola has a number of species in temperate regions. Many genera have a very restricted distribution.
Good Advice (TV series)
Good Advice is an American television sitcom that aired for two seasons on CBS from April 2, 1993, to August 10, 1994. It was co-created and executive produced by Danny Jacobson and Norma Safford Vela; and starred Shelley Long and Treat Williams.

Estelle Harris
Estelle Harris (née Nussbaum; April 22, 1928 – April 2, 2022) was an American actress and comedian, known for her exaggeratedly shrill voice. She was best known for her role as Estelle Costanza on Seinfeld. Her other roles included the voice of Mrs. Potato Head in the Toy Story franchise, Muriel in The Suite Life of Zack & Cody, and Mama Gunda in Tarzan II. During her career, Harris starred in various television commercials.
André Menez
André Menez (September 12, 1943, in Vire – February 2, 2008, in Versailles) was a French biologist, who served as president of the National Museum of Natural History, France from 2006 to 2008. As a biologist, he specialised in the toxicology of snakes, scorpions, and sea anemones. He was knighted with the Legion of Honour, and the National Ordre du Merit.

Ordre national du Mérite
The Ordre national du Mérite (French: [ɔʁdʁ nɑsjɔnal dy meʁit]; English: National Order of Merit) is a French order of merit with membership awarded by the President of the French Republic, founded on 3 December 1963 by President Charles de Gaulle. The reason for the order's establishment was twofold: to replace the large number of ministerial orders previously awarded by the ministries; and to create an award that can be awarded at a lower level than the Legion of Honour, which is generally reserved for French citizens. It comprises about 185,000 members; 306,000 members have been admitted or promoted in 50 years.
2010 FINA Women's Water Polo World Cup
The 2010 FINA Women's Water Polo World Cup was the 15th edition of the event, organised by the world's governing body in aquatics, the International Swimming Federation (FINA). The event took place in Christchurch, New Zealand from 17 to 22 August 2010.

The United States won the gold medal, after defeating Australia 6–3 in the final. China captured bronze, beating Russia 11–9.

Yang Jun (water polo)
Yang Jun (杨珺; born 28 April 1988 in Beijing) is a female Chinese water polo goalkeeper who was part of the silver medal-winning team at the 2011 World Championships, held in Shanghai, and 2007 World Junior Championship. She competed at the 2008, 2012 and 2016 Summer Olympics. She is a leading goalkeeper in Olympic water polo history, with 138 saves.
2020 Mercer Tennis Classic
The 2020 Mercer Tennis Classic was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the eighth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2020 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Macon, Georgia, United States between 19 and 25 October 2020.

Magdalena Fręch
Magdalena Fręch (Polish pronunciation: [maɡdaˈlɛna ˈfrɛ̃x]; born 15 December 1997) is a Polish professional tennis player.
She has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 22, achieved on 28 October 2024. On 8 August 2022, she peaked at No. 174 in the doubles rankings.

She has won one singles WTA Tour title and one on the WTA Challenger Tour, along with six singles and four doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.

Playing for Poland in the Billie Jean King Cup, Fręch has a win–loss record of 10–7, as of September 2024.
1974 European Squash Team Championships
The 1974 European Squash Team Championships was the 2nd edition of European Squash Team Championships for squash players. The event was held in Stockholm, Sweden, from 26 to 30 April 1974. The tournament was organised by the European Squash Rackets Federation (ESRF).

The England men's team won their 2nd title.

England men's national squash team
The England men's national squash team represents England in international squash team competitions, and is governed by England Squash.

Since 1981, England has won five World Team Squash Championships titles, and 42 European Squash Team Championships titles (since 1973). They are the reigning European Champions, while their most recent World Team Squash Championships title came in 2013.

Stuart Crawford took over as coach from David Campion in 2024.
The Digital Journalist
The Digital Journalist was a monthly online magazine about photojournalism which was launched in 1997 by Dirck Halstead, the editor and publisher. The site provided an online venue for visual storytellers covering a wide range of topics and showcases the work, in photography, videos, and words, of notable photojournalists, print journalists, and young video filmmakers. It also provided updates on current issues and news in the world of photography and commentary involving photojournalism in general and video journalism in particular.

Among the staff and regular contributors were several Pulitzer Prize winners. The site had an average monthly page count of 150-plus, and more than 2.5 million unique visits per issue. It was ranked within the top 100 metric sites worldwide. The Online News Association honored The Digital Journalist twice with its top prize.

The Digital Journalist ended publication in 2009 with Issue 147 January/February 2010.

Online News Association
The Online News Association (ONA), founded in 1999, is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization  of digital journalists headquartered in Washington D.C., United States. The founding members first convened in December 1999 in Chicago. The group included journalists from WSJ, Time, MSNBC, and the FT, among other outlets. It is the world's largest association of digital journalists, with more than 3,200 members.

The majority of ONA members are professional online journalists. The association defines "professional members" as those "whose principal livelihood involves gathering or producing news for digital presentation." These include news writers, producers, programmers, bloggers, designers, editors, photographers and others who produce news for the Internet or other digital delivery systems. Other members include journalism educators, journalism students, business development, marketing and communications professionals in the media and those interested in the field of online journalism.
Manuel Ezequiel Bruzual Municipality
The Manuel Ezequiel Bruzual Municipality is one of the 21 municipalities (municipios) that makes up the eastern Venezuelan state of Anzoátegui and, according to the 2011 census by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 32,655. The town of Clarines is the shire town of the Manuel Ezequiel Bruzual Municipality. The municipality is named for the nineteenth century military leader Manuel Ezequiel Bruzual.

Anzoátegui
Anzoátegui State (Spanish: Estado Anzoátegui, IPA: [esˈtaðo ansoˈateɣi]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela, located in the northeastern region of the country. Anzoátegui is well known for its beaches that attract many visitors. Its coast consists of a single beach approximately 100 km (62 mi) long. Its capital is the city of Barcelona, and significant cities include Puerto la Cruz and El Tigre.
Generator Sound Art
Generator Sound Art was an experimental arts and culture organization based in New York City, co-owned by the sound artists Gen Ken Montgomery and Scott Konzelmann. It focused upon the work of dedicated Sound Artists, and was an umbrella organization that facilitated the activities of the Generator Gallery / exhibition space, the Generations Unlimited audio recording label, and a second, eponymous audio recording label. Generator as a physical gallery / exhibition space existed in the East Village and then in Chelsea from 1989 to 1992.

The organization was non-commercial. Profits earned from Generator-related activities are split between the artists and a fund to support future sound art projects. Generator's emphasis on handmade, self-released audio works derives from the "cassette networking" or "Cassette culture" milieu of the 1980s–1990s,. The embrace of spontaneity and unintended consequences is another recurrent theme within Generator-affiliated work.

Umbrella organization
An umbrella organization is an association of (often related, industry-specific) institutions who work together formally to coordinate activities and/or pool resources. In business, political, and other environments, it provides resources and identities to the smaller organizations. In this kind of arrangement, it is sometimes responsible, to some degree, for the groups under its care. Umbrella organizations are prominent in cooperatives and in civil society, and can engage in advocacy or collective bargaining on behalf of their members.
Daliang Zhonglou station
Daliang Zhonglou station (simplified Chinese: 大良钟楼站; traditional Chinese: 大良鐘樓站; pinyin: Dàliáng Zhōnglóu Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Daailèuhng Jūnglàu Jaahm; lit. 'Daliang Bell Tower station') is a station on Line 3 of Foshan Metro, located in Foshan's Shunde District. It opened on 28 December 2022.

Line 3 (Foshan Metro)
Line 3 of Foshan Metro (FMetro) (Chinese: 佛山地铁3号线; pinyin: Fóshān Dìtiě Sān Hào Xiàn) is a metro line in Foshan that runs 45.74 km (28.42 mi) between Zhen'an in Chancheng District and Shunde College Railway Station in Shunde District, and runs 16.38 km (10.18 mi) between Lianhe and Foshan University entirely in Nanhai District. The initial section between Shunde College Railway Station and Zhen'an opened on 28 December 2022, and the rear section between Zhen'an and Zhongshan Park (south section) and between Lianhe and Foshan University (north section) opened on 23 August 2024. The full line will run from Shunde Port in Shunde District to Foshan University in Nanhai District.
2nd Seanad
The 2nd Seanad was in office in 1938. An election to Seanad Éireann, the Senate of the Oireachtas (Irish parliament), took place in March 1938, following the coming into operation of the Constitution of Ireland in December 1937. The senators served until the close of poll for the 3rd Seanad, in July 1938.

Adoption of the Constitution of Ireland
The current Constitution of Ireland came into effect on 29 December 1937, repealing and replacing the Constitution of the Irish Free State, having been approved in a national plebiscite on 1 July 1937 with the support of 56.5% of voters in the then Irish Free State. The Constitution was closely associated with Éamon de Valera, the President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State at the time of its approval (and who assumed the position of Taoiseach on its adoption).
Tera Mtembu
Lubabalo Siphosethu 'Tera' Mtembu (born 9 December 1990) is a South African rugby union footballer for the New England Free Jacks of Major League Rugby (MLR). His playing position is either as a flanker or eighthman.

He also played for the Sharks in Super Rugby and in the Currie Cup.

New England Free Jacks
The New England Free Jacks are an American professional rugby union team based in the Greater Boston area that competes in Major League Rugby (MLR). They were announced in September 2018 and began to compete professionally in October 2018. They competed in their first season in MLR in the 2020 season. The team has won three consecutive MLR shields, defeating the San Diego Legion in 2023, the Seattle Seawolves in 2024, and the Houston Sabercats in 2025.
Beekkant metro station
Beekkant is a Brussels Metro station on lines 1, 2, 5 and 6. It is located under the Boulevard Edmond Machtens/Edmond Machtenslaan in the municipality of Molenbeek-Saint-Jean, in the western part of Brussels, Belgium. The station's name translates into English as "Brookside".

The metro station opened on 8 May 1981 as part of the Sainte-Catherine/Sint-Katelijne–Beekkant extension of former east–west line 1, and was for a year, until 6 October 1982, the western terminus of the metro. Then, following the reorganisation of the Brussels Metro on 4 April 2009, it is served by lines 1, 2, 5 and 6.

The metro station runs parallel to a railway used for freight trains, and from 2010 again, as a suburban railway line of the future Brussels Regional Express Network (RER/GEN).

Cargo
In transportation, cargo refers to goods transported by land, water or air, while freight refers to its conveyance. In economics, freight refers to goods transported at a freight rate for commercial gain. The term cargo is also used in case of goods in the cold-chain, because the perishable inventory is always in transit towards a final end-use, even when it is held in cold storage or other similar climate-controlled facilities, including warehouses.

Multi-modal container units, designed as reusable carriers to facilitate unit load handling of the goods contained, are also referred to as cargo, especially by shipping lines and logistics operators. When empty containers are shipped each unit is documented as a cargo and when goods are stored within, the contents are termed containerized cargo. Similarly, aircraft ULD boxes are also documented as cargo, with an associated packing list of the items contained within.
Olivier Antonny José Randrianantenaina
Olivier Antonny José Randrianantenaina is a Malagasy politician. He is a member of the National Assembly of Madagascar, he was elected as a member of the Tiako I Madagasikara party. He was elected in 2002 and reelected in 2007,  2013 and 2019. He represents the second constituency of Antsirabe.

Tiako i Madagasikara
Tiako I Madagasikara (TIM, lit. 'I Love Madagascar'; French: J'aime Madagascar) is a political party in Madagascar founded on July 3, 2002, to support President Marc Ravalomanana. After the parliamentary election held on September 23, 2007, it was the largest party in the National Assembly of Madagascar, with 106 of 127 seats. The party is located in MAGRO Ankorondrano, Antananarivo. Ravalomanana was re-elected with 55.79% in the December 2006 presidential election.

Solofonantenaina Razoarimihaja was the President of TIM from 2002 to 2007. On October 12, 2007, he was succeeded by Yvan Randriasandratriniony, who became the Interim National President. Randriasandratriniony was officially elected as President of TIM on May 21, 2008, at the party's second national congress. Rina Randriamasinoro was the party's Secretary-General in 2023.

Ravalomanana led his personal movement in the 2013, 2018, and 2023 presidential elections.
Styphelia
Styphelia is a genus of shrubs in the family Ericaceae, native from Indo-China through the Pacific to Australia. Most have minute or small leaves with a sharp tip, single, tube-shaped flowers arranged in leaf axils and with the ends of the petals rolled back with hairs in the inside of the tube.

Johannes Jacobus Smith
Johannes Jacobus Smith (Antwerp 29 June 1867 – Oegstgeest 14 January 1947) (sometimes written as Joannes Jacobus Smith) was a Dutch botanist who, between years 1905 to 1924, crossed the islands of the Dutch East Indies (mainly Java), collecting specimens of plants and describing and cataloguing the flora of these islands. The standard botanical author abbreviation J.J.Sm. is applied to plants described by J.J. Smith.

The description of the flowers of the western half of New Guinea (then a Dutch territory) is largely based on his work. He was, next to Rudolf Schlechter, the most prolific author on New Guinea orchids. He also described numerous plants from other families, such as Ericaceae and Euphorbiaceae.
Directorate of Investment and Company Administration
The Directorate of Investment and Company Administration (DICA; Burmese: ရင်းနှီးမြှုပ်နှံမှုနှင့်ကုမ္ပဏီများညွှန်ကြားမှုဦးစီးဌာန), a government agency under the Ministry of Investment and Foreign Economic Relations (MIFER), is Myanmar's company register. DICA was formed on 13 October 1993, and serves as the primary interface between businesses and the government.

In February 2021, Distributed Denial of Secrets gave journalists financial documents from DICA showing Google was indirectly supporting the Myanmar coup by allowing Gmail addresses and Google run blogs to be used to run companies owned and operated by Myanmar's military and coup leaders. After the public release of the 330 gigabyte leak, Google disabled the blog. A Google spokesperson told Insider, "In this case, we have terminated accounts as a result of President Biden's Executive Order of 11 February 2021 concerning Myanmar." Justice For Myanmar called the release "biggest leak in Myanmar history."

Company register
A company register is a register of business organizations such as companies in the jurisdiction they operate under. Registration is normally mandated by the government of that jurisdiction.

A company register serves a purpose of protection, accountability and control. In contrast many countries also operate a statistical business register which has a different purpose and plays a central part in a system of official economic statistics at a national statistics office.
Werdersch
Werdersch (German: Werdersch, Mundart der Weichselwerder) is a subdialect of Low Prussian, which itself is a subdialect of Low German. This dialect is spoken in Poland and was spoken in the former province of West Prussia. Werdersch is closely related to Nehrungisch and Plautdietsch.

Its name derives from the Weichselwerder (lit. 'Vistula River islands'), which are Żuławy Gdańskie (between Wisła Gdańska and Gdańskie Wyżyny) and Żuławy Malborskie (German: Großes Werder; between Vistula, Szkarpawa, Vistula Lagoon, and Nogat).

It also was spoken West of Vistula river.

The dialect spoken in the Werder at that time is very similar to the dialect of Molotschna. The distinctive features of Molotschna-Plautdietsch as opposed to Chortitza-Plautdietsch are given at Plautdietsch#Varieties. Its eastern border was to Oberländisch, a High Prussian variety.

Szkarpawa
The Szkarpawa (Polish pronunciation: [ʂkarˈpava], German: Elbinger Weichsel) is a distributary river in the Vistula delta of northern Poland. It branches off the Vistula near Drewnica (at the Gdańsk Head) and flows eastward to the Vistula Lagoon at Osłonka. In the past it was known as Wisła Elbląska (English translation: Elbląg Vistula)
John Parker (Iowa politician)
John Parker was a local American politician in Dubuque County in the Iowa District of what was first the Michigan Territory, then the Wisconsin Territory, and eventually the Iowa Territory. He was elected to the last legislature of the old Michigan Territory to represent his district; but did not attend.

Dubuque County, Iowa
Dubuque County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 99,266, and was estimated to be 99,242 in 2024, making it the ninth-most populous county in Iowa. The county seat is Dubuque. The county is named for Julien Dubuque, the first European settler of Iowa. Dubuque County comprises the Dubuque, IA Metropolitan statistical area.