hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beta-tungsten
Beta-tungsten (β-W) is a metastable phase of tungsten widely observed in tungsten thin films. While the commonly existing stable alpha-tungsten (α-W) has a body-centered cubic (A2) structure, β-W adopts the topologically close-packed A15 structure containing eight atoms per unit cell, and it irreversibly transforms to the stable α phase through thermal annealing of up to 650 °C. It has been found that β-W possesses the giant spin Hall effect, wherein the applied charge current generates a transverse spin current, and this leads to potential applications in magnetoresistive random access memory devices.

Strukturbericht designation
In crystallography, a Strukturbericht designation or Strukturbericht type is a system of detailed crystal structure classification by analogy to another known structure. The designations were intended to be comprehensive but are mainly used as supplement to space group crystal structures designations, especially historically. Each Strukturbericht designation is described by a single space group, but the designation includes additional information about the positions of the individual atoms, rather than just the symmetry of the crystal structure. While Strukturbericht symbols exist for many of the earliest observed and most common crystal structures, the system is not comprehensive, and is no longer being updated. Modern databases such as Inorganic Crystal Structure Database index thousands of structure types directly by the prototype compound (i.e. "the NaCl structure" instead of "the B1 structure"). These are essentially equivalent to the old Stukturbericht designations.
Edwin Forrest (pilot boat)
The Edwin Forrest was a 19th-century pilot boat built in 1855 by Jacob A. Westervelt's Sons & Co., for a group of New York pilots. She was designed by Dennison J. Lawlor, for Pilot Captain John Low. The Edwin Forrest was named in honor of the American actor Edwin Forrest. A second Edwin Forrest was built for Boston pilots in 1865 to replace the New York Edwin Forrest, No. 14, that was lost in 1862. She attained celebrity for her speed and stability. The Edwin Forrest was sold to Pensacola, Florida parties in 1882 and replaced by the George H. Warren.

Edwin Forrest
Edwin Forrest (March 9, 1806 – December 12, 1872) was a nineteenth-century American Shakespearean actor. His feud with the British actor William Macready was the cause of the deadly Astor Place Riot of 1849.
Emanuel Santos
Emanuel Jorge da Silva Santos (born 20 November 1976) is a Portuguese artist from Madeira, Portugal. In 2017, he became famous for a sculpture of Madeiran native footballer Cristiano Ronaldo which was widely derided by media outlets. The English newspaper The Guardian commented “suddenly, this sculptor was the most famous artist in the world”.

Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa
Marcelo Nuno Duarte Rebelo de Sousa GColTE GCIH ComSE (born 12 December 1948) is a Portuguese politician and academic who has been the president of Portugal since 2016. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party, though he suspended his party membership for the duration of his presidency. Rebelo de Sousa has previously served as a government minister, parliamentarian in the Assembly of the Republic, legal scholar, journalist, political analyst, law professor, and pundit.
Ardlussa Fishing Loch
The Ardlussa Fishing Loch is an impounding reservoir, located 2 kilometres north of Lussagiven on a remote part of the Ardlussa Estate on Jura, Argyll and Bute, Scotland. The earthen dam is 5.5 metres high and was completed in 1900. It is located at Ordnance Survey grid reference NR64128867.

Ardlussa
Ardlussa is a hamlet and estate on The Long Road, just north of the Lussa River, overlooking Ardlussa Bay on the east coast of the island of Jura, in the council area of Argyll and Bute, Scotland. Estate buildings line the road, and the area features semi-natural woodland. It lies 1.2 kilometres (0.75 mi) northeast of Inverlussa and 24 kilometres (15 mi) from Craighouse.
Ardlussa is the home of Lussa Gin.
2021 MUSC Health Women's Open
The second 2021 Charleston Open (branded as the MUSC Health Women's Open for commercial reasons) was a tournament on the 2021 WTA Tour. It was played on outdoor green clay courts in Daniel Island. It was held one day after the 48th edition ended and was a replacement tournament for other tournaments that were not held because of travel restrictions, and organised by Charleston Tennis with a single-year licence in 2021, held at Family Circle Tennis Center from April 12 to 18, 2021.

Emma Navarro
Emma Navarro (born May 18, 2001) is an American professional tennis player. She has a career-high singles ranking of No. 8 by the WTA, achieved on September 9, 2024 and a doubles ranking of No. 93, achieved on August 12, 2024. Navarro has won two singles titles on the WTA Tour, and reached a major semifinal at the 2024 US Open.

Navarro played college tennis at the University of Virginia and won the NCAA Singles Championship in 2021. She won her first WTA Tour title in 2024 at the 2024 Hobart International. In 2025, she was part of the United States squad that reached the Billie Jean King Cup final.
Athletics at the 2015 Pan American Games – Women's discus throw
The women's discus throw competition of the athletics events at the 2015 Pan American Games took place on July 24 at the CIBC Pan Am and Parapan Am Athletics Stadium. The defending Pan American Games champion is Yarelys Barrios of Cuba.

York Lions Stadium
43°46′30″N 79°30′25″W﻿ / ﻿43.775°N 79.507°W﻿ / 43.775; -79.507

York Lions Stadium is an outdoor sports stadium on the Keele Campus of Toronto's York University in the former city of North York. It is home to the York Lions, the varsity teams of York University, the Toronto Arrows of Major League Rugby and Inter Toronto of the Canadian Premier League. The facility was primarily built for the 2015 Pan American and Parapan American Games, where it hosted track and field events and the opening ceremony. In 2021, the stadium's running track was removed to expand the playing surface used for football and soccer.
Colverde
Colverde (Comasco: Colverd [ˌkulˈveːrt]) is a comune in the province of Como, in Lombardy, that was formed in May 2014 from fusion of comuni di Drezzo, Gironico and Parè. 
A referendum to create this comune was held on 1 December 2013 in the former comuni: the results were 78% yes and 22% no.

Comasco dialect
Comasco (endonym: comasch), anglicized as Comasque, is a dialect belonging to the Western branch of Lombard language, spoken in the city and suburbs of Como. Comasco is part of the Comasco-Lecchese dialect group.
Alto Orinoco Municipality
Alto Orinoco Municipality (Spanish: Municipio Alto Orinoco)  is one of the seven municipalities (municipios) that make up the southern Venezuelan state of Amazonas and, according to the 2011 census by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 12,687. The shire town of Alto Orinoco is  La Esmeralda.

Amazonas (Venezuelan state)
Amazonas State (Spanish: Estado Amazonas, IPA: [esˈtaðo amaˈsonas]) is one of the 23 states into which Venezuela is divided. It covers nearly a fifth of the area of Venezuela, but has less than 1% of Venezuela's population.

The state capital is Puerto Ayacucho. The capital until the early 1900s was San Fernando de Atabapo. Although named after the Amazon River, most of the state is drained by the Orinoco River. Amazonas State covers 176,899 km2 and, in 2007, had a population of 142,200. Its density is 0.8 inhabitants per km2.

Amazonas has Venezuela's highest proportion of indigenous peoples of Venezuela; these make up only around 1.5% of the population nationwide, but the proportion is nearly 50% in Amazonas.: 52
Olufemi Fakeye
Olufemi Fakeyelistenⓘ is a Nigerian politician. He was a member of House of Representatives representing Ila/Boluwaduro/Ifedayo Federal Constituency of Osun State in the 9th National Assembly. He was succeeded by Obawale Simeon Adebisi.

Boluwaduro
BoluwaduroListenⓘ is a Local Government Area in Osun State, Nigeria. Its headquarters is in the town of Otan Aiyegbaju (or Otan for short) at7°57′00″N 4°48′00″E﻿ / ﻿7.95000°N 4.80000°E﻿ / 7.95000; 4.80000. It was created in October 1996 under late Gen. Abacha's regime. The current chairman of the Boluwaduro is Bayo Oyekanmi.

It has an area of 144 km2 and a population of 70,775 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 231.
Joseph-Armand Choquette
Joseph-Armand Choquette (July 24, 1905 – April 6, 1999) was a farmer and politician. He was the first Member of Parliament to have been elected to the House of Commons of Canada representing the Bloc populaire canadien and was also the last surviving member of the Bloc populaire's caucus when he died in 1999 at the age of 93.

Bloc populaire
The Bloc populaire canadien (French pronunciation: [blɔk pɔpylɛʁ kanadjɛ̃], lit. 'Canadian Popular Bloc'), often shortened to the Bloc populaire or the Bloc, was a political party in the Canadian province of Quebec from 1942 to 1947. It was founded on September 8, 1942, by opponents of conscription during the Second World War. The party ran candidates at both federal and provincial levels. In the 1945 federal election, the party made a minor breakthrough by winning two seats in the House of Commons.
Jowai
Jowai (IPA: ʤəʊˈwaɪ) is the headquarters of the West Jaintia Hills district of the state of Meghalaya, India, and is home to the Pnar, a sub-tribe of the Khasi people. It is 
located on a plateau surrounded on three sides by the Myntdu river bordering Bangladesh to the south (about 50 km from the Indo-Bangladesh border). Due to its high altitude of 1365m above sea level, Jowai experiences warm summers with cool to chilly winters.

Jowai is an important business and education hub for the entire district, catering to local students as well as those from the adjacent parts of Assam and Bangladesh. It is well equipped with infrastructure including schools, colleges, hospitals, and a postal service. As with the Nongphlang (Khynriams), Pnars too have a matriarchal society where daughters inherit the family property.

Khasi people
The Khasi people are an Austroasiatic ethnic group of Meghalaya in north-eastern India with a significant population in the bordering state of Assam and in certain parts of Bangladesh. The Khasis constitute the majority population in the eastern part of Meghalaya, particularly in the Khasi Hills, where they represent 78.3% of the region's population. They also comprise about 48% of Meghalaya's total population, making them the state's largest ethnic community. They are among the few Austroasiatic-speaking peoples in South Asia. The Khasi tribe holds the distinction of being one of the few remaining tribes that have a matrilineal society. Under the Constitution of India, the Khasis have been granted the status of Scheduled Tribe.
Nathuram
Nathuram is a male given name from India. Notable people with it include:

Nathuram Godse (1910–1949), assassin of Mahatma Gandhi

Nathuram Mirdha (1921–1996), parliamentarian

Nathuram Premi (1881–1960), writer

Nathuram Shakyawar (1925–2005), politician

Nathuram Sharma (1859–1932), poet

Nathuram Premi
Nathuram Premi (26 November 1881 – 30 January 1960) was an Indian writer, publisher, poet, editor, and linguist in the field of Jainism as well as Hindi literature. A budding poet, he wrote under the nom de plume of "Premi". Although belonging to the Digambara sect of Jainism, he adopted a non-sectarian attitude and published and translated many Digambara as well as Śvetāmbara works. Working as a clerk in a firm in Mumbai he rose to establish his own publishing house and bookstore Hindi Granth Ratnākar Kāryālay which published works of many of the biggest names in Indian literature, including Munshi  Premchand, Hajariprasad Dvivedi, Jainendrakumar, Yashpal, Swami Satyabhakta, Sharatchandra Chatterjee and Rabindranath Tagore. The bookshop and publishing house now called Hindi Granth Karyalay is now being managed by his grandson and great-grandson 100 years after its establishment.
Hooghly (1819 ship)
Hooghly was a full-rigged merchant ship built on the Thames, England, and launched in 1819. She made two voyages under charter to the British East India Company (EIC), four voyages transporting convicts from England and Ireland to Australia, as well as voyages transporting emigrants to South Australia between 1839 and 1856. Around 1858 she was re-rigged as a barque. She sank off Algiers in 1863.

Penal transportation
Penal transportation (or simply transportation) was the relocation of convicted criminals, or other persons regarded as undesirable, to a distant place, often a colony, for a specified term; later, specifically established penal colonies became their destination. While the prisoners may have been released once the sentences were served, they generally did not have the resources to return home.
Kommunicator
Kommunicator is the third studio album by Five Deez, an American hip-hop group. The album features a total of 11 tracks released on February 20, 2006, under Rapster Records in the US, Germany and Europe. In Japan, the album would be under Hostess Entertainment Unlimited.

Hostess Entertainment
Hostess Incorporated (ホステス株式会社, Hosutesu Kabushiki Gaisha), DBA Hostess Entertainment (ホステス・エンタテインメント, Hosutesu Entateinmento) Unlimited, is a Japanese independent music company that represents Western alternative artists and labels in Japan, such as the Beggars Group (4AD/XL/Matador/Rough Trade), Domino Records, V2 Records, Brassland, Virgin Music Label & Artist Services and PIAS UK Distribution. Artists signed to Hostess include Adele, Radiohead, Arctic Monkeys, Warpaint, Mogwai, Theme Park, The xx, Bon Iver and Vampire Weekend. It was founded in 2000 by Andrew "Plug" Lazonby, an alumnus of the Royal College of Music.
Kenmare Sorceress
Ch. Kenmare Sorceress (1909–1920), an Airedale Terrier, was the first of its breed to have won the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show, in 1912. She was originally from Wales, but was imported into the United States by William P. Wolcott in September 1910.

Airedale Terrier
The Airedale Terrier (often shortened to "Airedale"), also called Bingley Terrier and Waterside Terrier, is a dog breed of the terrier type that originated in the valley (dale) of the River Aire, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is traditionally called the "King of Terriers" because it is the largest of the terrier breeds. The Airedale was bred from the Old English Black and Tan Terrier and the Otterhound and probably some other Terrier breeds, and has contributed to other dog breeds, such as the Yorkshire Terrier.

Originally bred to serve as a versatile hunting and all around working farm dog, this breed has also been used as a war dog, guide dog, and police dog in Britain. In the United States, the breed has been used to hunt big game, upland birds, and water fowl, and serve in many other working capacities.
1996 WTA German Open – Doubles
Amanda Coetzer and Inés Gorrochategui were the defending champions but only Coetzer competed that year with Lori McNeil.

Coetzer and McNeil lost in the semifinals to Meredith McGrath and Larisa Neiland.

McGrath and Neiland won in the final 6–1, 5–7, 7–6 against Martina Hingis and Helena Suková.

Larisa Neiland
Larisa Savchenko-Neiland (Ukrainian: Лариса Савченко-Нейланд, Latvian: Larisa Savčenko-Neilande; née Savchenko; also Larisa Neiland; born 21 July 1966) is a tennis coach and former professional player who represented the Soviet Union and Latvia. A former world No. 1 doubles player, Neiland won six Grand Slam titles: two in women's doubles and four in mixed doubles. She also won two singles titles and 63 doubles titles on the WTA Tour. She is listed in fourth place for the most doubles match wins (766) in WTA history, after Lisa Raymond, Rennae Stubbs and Liezel Huber. Neiland has been the coach of Ukrainian tennis player Daria Snigur since 2017.
2025 Yucatán Open – Doubles
Thomas Fancutt and Hunter Reese were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Kilian Feldbausch and Rodrigo Pacheco Méndez won the title after defeating George Goldhoff and Trey Hilderbrand 6–4, 6–2 in the final.

Thomas Fancutt
Thomas Fancutt (born 25 February 1995) is an Australian inactive tennis player.
He has a career high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 107 achieved on 2 December 2024. He also has a career high singles ranking of No. 382 achieved on 22 May 2023.
Rescue, California
38°42′42″N 120°57′05″W﻿ / ﻿38.71167°N 120.95139°W﻿ / 38.71167; -120.95139

Rescue is an unincorporated community in El Dorado County, California. It is located north-northwest of Shingle Springs and north-northeast of Cameron Park.  The zip code is 95672, and Rescue is located in area code 530. The town lies at an elevation of 1214 feet (370 m).

Shingle Springs, California
Shingle Springs (formerly, Shingle Spring and Shingle) is a census-designated place (CDP) in El Dorado County, California, United States. The population was 4,660 at the 2020 census, up from 4,432 at the 2010 census. It is located about 40 miles (64 km) from Sacramento in the Gold Country foothills and sits directly on Highway 50. The towns of Coloma and Placerville are less than 15 miles (24 km) away.

Shingle Springs is part of the Sacramento metropolitan area. The Shingle Springs Band of Miwok Indians, a federally recognized tribe of Maidu and Miwok people, are headquartered in Shingle Springs.
Viatcheslav Kantor
Viatcheslav Moshe Kantor (Russian: Вячеслав Моше Кантор, born 8 September 1953) is a Russian, British and Israeli businessman described as an oligarch, who serves as President of the European Jewish Congress (EJC), President of the World Holocaust Forum Foundation (WHF) and Chairman of the European Jewish Fund (EJF).

Since the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he has been placed on various sanctions lists as a result of which he had temporarily stopped leading the EJC. In 2025, he was removed from the EU and Swiss sanctions list and was elected President of the European Jewish Congress for a fifth term.

Russian Academy of Arts
Russian Academy of Arts (RAA / rus. РАХ, Росси́йская акаде́мия худо́жеств) is the State scientific Institution of Russian Federation, eligible heir to the USSR Academy of Arts. A founder of RAA is the Government of the Russian Federation.
Burgruine Hartneidstein
Burgruine Hartneidstein is a ruinous castle in Carinthia, Austria. It was built around 1300. Various outbuildings were burnt down in the 16th century by Ottoman raiding parties during the Ottoman–Habsburg wars, but the castle itself was left undamaged. The last time it was maintained was when the keep was re-roofed in 1724, and it fell into disrepair sometime thereafter. By 1825 it was ruinous.

Carinthia
Carinthia (German: Kärnten [ˈkɛʁntn̩] ⓘ; Slovene: Koroška [kɔˈɾóːʃka] ⓘ or avstrijska Koroška; Italian: Carinzia [kaˈrintsja]) is the southernmost and least densely populated Austrian state, in the Eastern Alps, and is noted for its mountains and lakes. The Lake Wolayer is a mountain lake on the Carinthian side of the Carnic Main Ridge, near the Plöcken Pass. The main language is Austrian German, with its non-standard dialects belonging to the Southern Bavarian group; Carinthian Slovene dialects, forms of a South Slavic language that predominated in the southeastern part of the region up to the first half of the 20th century, are now spoken by a small minority in the area.

Carinthia's main industries are tourism, electronics, engineering, forestry, and agriculture.
Outline of Africa
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the continent Africa:

Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. It is famous for its savanna, its jungles, and the Sahara (desert).

Natural history of Africa
The natural history of Africa encompasses some of the well known megafauna of that continent.

Natural history is the study and description of organisms and natural objects, especially their origins, evolution, and interrelationships.
Royal Bay Secondary School
École Secondaire Royal Bay Secondary School (RBSS) is a secondary school located in Colwood, a western suburb of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. It is one of three secondary schools in School District 62 Sooke and serves the suburban Westshore area of Colwood, Langford and Metchosin. The school ranks as the second largest Secondary School by student population on Vancouver Island, behind Belmont Secondary School.

Western Communities
The Western Communities, also called the West Shore or Westshore are a group of suburban municipalities west of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. They include Colwood, Langford, Metchosin, and The Highlands, as well as communities in unincorporated districts west of Esquimalt Harbour and Portage Inlet, and south of Malahat in the Capital Regional District. The town of View Royal, which straddles Esquimalt Harbour, may also be included. It is an area of growing residential subdivisions and commercial centres.

West Shore Park & Recreation is governed by the West Shore Parks & Recreation Society's board of directors made up of representatives from the City of Colwood, the City of Langford, the District of Metchosin, the District of Highlands, the Juan de Fuca Electoral Area and the Town of View Royal.
Pat O'Neill (Kilkenny politician)
Pat O'Neill (born 14 November 1958) is an Irish Fine Gael politician  and former senator.

He was elected for a term to Seanad Éireann on the Agricultural Panel in April 2011. He was a member of Kilkenny County Council from 2004 to 2011 representing the Thomastown local electoral area. He was the Fine Gael Seanad spokesperson on Transport.

Agricultural Panel
The Agricultural Panel is one of five vocational panels which together elect 43 of the 60 members of Seanad Éireann, the senate of the Oireachtas (the legislature of Ireland). The Agricultural Panel elects eleven senators.
Lycaena phoebus
Lycaena phoebus, the Moroccan copper, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is endemic to the Atlas Mountains of Morocco. It flies according to the place from April to September or simply from August to September in a variable number of generations. Its host plant is Polygonum aviculare in the High Atlas and possibly Polygonum equisetiforme in the Anti-Atlas. The biotope is flowery meadow.

Polygonum aviculare
Polygonum aviculare or common knotgrass is a plant related to buckwheat and dock. It is also called prostrate knotweed, birdweed, pigweed and lowgrass. It is an annual found in fields and wasteland, with white flowers from June to October. It is widespread across many countries in temperate regions, apparently native to Eurasia, naturalized in temperate parts of the Southern Hemisphere.
Baldwin (bishop of Kraków)
Baldwin was a Bishop of Kraków in the years 1102-1109.

He was French and was recorded in both the Chronicle of Gall Anonim and Jan Długosz.

Bolesław III Wrymouth nominated him as candidate for the bishopric to the Pope and in 1102, he went to Rome for episcopal consecration which he received from Pope Paschal II.
In 1103 he took part in the Synod of the Polish Church, on which the papal legate Gwalon (Papal Legate) made two Polish bishops. and during the Polish civil war he defended Zbigniew.

Papal legate
A papal legate or apostolic legate (from the ancient Roman title legatus) is a personal representative of the Pope to foreign nations, to some other part of the Catholic Church, or to representatives of a state or monarchy. A legate is empowered in matters of Catholic faith and for the settlement of ecclesiastical matters.

The legate is appointed directly by the Pope—the Bishop of Rome and head of the Catholic Church. Hence a legate is usually sent to a government, to a sovereign, to a large body of believers (such as a national church), or to take charge of a major religious effort, such as an ecumenical council, a crusade to the Holy Land, or even against a heresy such as the Cathars.

The term legation is applied both to a legate's mandate and to the territory concerned (such as a state, or an ecclesiastical province). The relevant adjective is legatine.