hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leonor F. Loree
Leonor F. Loree (April 23, 1858 – September 6, 1940) was an American civil engineer, lawyer, railroad executive, and founder of the American Newcomen Society.

He obtained a Bachelor of Science degree in 1877, a Master of Science in 1880, a Civil Engineering degree in 1896 and a Doctor of Law in 1917, all from Rutgers College. He also obtained a Doctor of Engineering degree from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1933. He was President of the Delaware & Hudson Railroad and had interests in Kansas City Southern, Baltimore and Ohio, New York Central, and the Rock Island Railroads. He was a Trustee at Rutgers University from 1909–1940 and was Chairman of the Rutgers Board of Trustees Committee on New Jersey College for Women (now Douglass College) until 1938. He was the donor of the New Jersey College for Women Athletic Field (Antilles Field). Rutgers has a building named after him, Leonor Fresnel Loree, erected in 1963 on the Douglass campus.

Douglass Residential College
Douglass Residential College is a non-degree-granting program established in 2007 and open to Rutgers undergraduates at any of the degree-granting schools of Rutgers University-New Brunswick. It replaced the liberal arts degree-granting Douglass College which had been opened in 1918. Douglass, originally named New Jersey College for Women, was renamed in 1955 after its founder and first dean, Mabel Smith Douglass.

The degree-granting liberal arts Douglass College closed after it was merged with the other undergraduate colleges at Rutgers-New Brunswick in 2007. The non-degree-granting, optional, supplementary program called "Douglass Residential College" that replaced it is open to students at any of the degree-granting schools of Rutgers-New Brunswick.
Coupland, Northumberland
Coupland is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Ewart, in Northumberland, England. It is on the north bank of the River Glen about 4 miles (6 km) to the northwest of Wooler. In 1951 the parish had a population of 216.

River Glen, Northumberland
The River Glen is a seven mile long tributary of the River Till flowing through northern Northumberland, England, United Kingdom. The College Burn and Bowmont Water, both flowing out of the Cheviot Hills, meet near Kirknewton to form the River Glen. The Glen flows past the small settlements of Yeavering, Lanton, Coupland, Akeld, and Ewart, and through the valley of Glendale, before joining the Till.
Raymond Baaklini
Raymond Abdo Hatim Baaklini (12 October 1943 – 2013) was the Lebanese ambassador to Canada between 15 September 2000 and 20 January 2007. He had a long history in serving the Lebanese diplomatic corp. He was an ambassador among others to France and Libya. He was born in Bzebdine, a village in Mount Lebanon.

He was part of a well known and old Maronite family descendant of the Kairouz and Helou families from the north of Lebanon.

In August 2003, he made controversial comments suggesting that Jews or Zionists control 90% of Canadian media. He stated this following the diplomatic crisis between Lebanon and Canada due to the arrest of Bruce Balfour, a Canadian priest, in Lebanon. Therefore, Baaklini replied the accusations of the Canadian newspapers expressing these views.

He died in his home country, Lebanon, in 2013.

Mount Lebanon
Mount Lebanon (Arabic: جبل لبنان, romanized: Jabal Lubnān; Syriac: ܛܘܪ ܠܒܢܢ, romanized: Tur Lebnon) is a mountain range in Lebanon. It is about 170 km (110 mi) long and averages above 2,500 m (8,200 ft) in elevation, with its peak at 3,088 m (10,131 ft). The range provides a typical alpine climate year-round.

Mount Lebanon is well-known for its snow-covered mountains, home to surviving Lebanese cedar forests and diverse high-altitude flora and fauna. The name Lebanon itself originates from the white, snow-covered tops of this mountain range.
Jhaudia Union
Jhaudia Union (Bengali: ঝাউদিয়া ইউনিয়ন) is a union parishad situated at Kushtia Sadar Upazila, in Kushtia District, Khulna Division of Bangladesh. The union has an area of 69.20 square kilometres (26.72 sq mi) and as of 2001 had a population of 25,772. There are 11 villages and 7 mouzas in the union.

Khulna Division
Khulna Division (Bengali: খুলনা বিভাগ) is the second largest of the eight divisions of Bangladesh. It has an area of 22,285 km2 (8,604 sq mi) and a population of 17,416,645 at the 2022 Bangladesh census (preliminary returns). Its headquarters and largest city is Khulna city in Khulna District.
Białystok (meteorite)
Białystok is a eucrite meteorite (previously classified as howardite) that fell on 5 October 1827 in the area of Fasty and Knyszyn villages,  NNW of Białystok, Poland. The fall occurred at around 9:30 am. Several specimens were recovered.

Knyszyn
Knyszyn [ˈknɨʂɨn] (Yiddish: קנישין, romanized: Knishin, Lithuanian: Knišinas) is a town in the Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, 26 kilometres (16 miles) northwest of Białystok. It is situated on the Jaskranka River, within the historic region of Podlachia.
Johann Schwarzer
Johann Schwarzer (30 August 1880 – 10 October 1914) was an Austrian photographer and pioneer producer of adult films through his Saturn-Film (de) company.

Schwarzer was born in Javornik, then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and now located in the Czech Republic.

Javorník (Jeseník District)
Javorník (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjavorɲiːk]; German: Jauernig) is a town in Jeseník District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,600 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Bad Nieuweschans
Bad Nieuweschans (Dutch: [bɑt ˈniu.əsxɑns]; Gronings: Nij-Schans; German: Bad Neuschanz; Dialect: Bad  Noajwschansk; also Lange Akkeren) is a village in the north-eastern Netherlands on the border with Germany. It forms part of the municipality of Oldambt. Nieuweschans means "new fortification (sconce)". In 2009, the word Bad ("spa") was prefixed to the name of the village to promote it as a tourist destination.

Gronings dialect
The Gronings (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɣroːnɪŋs] ⓘ) (or Groninger) dialects or language, known in Gronings itself as Grunnegs or Grönnegs, are some of the Low Saxon dialects spoken in the province of Groningen and around the Groningen border in Drenthe and Friesland. Gronings and the strongly related varieties in East Frisia have a strong East Frisian influence and take a remarkable position within West Low German. Its typical accent and vocabulary differ strongly from the other Low Saxon dialects.
Lupinus spectabilis
Lupinus spectabilis is a species of lupine known by the common name shaggyhair lupine. It is endemic to a section of the central Sierra Nevada foothills in Mariposa and Tuolumne Counties, where it is a member of the serpentine soils flora.

Tuolumne County, California
Tuolumne County (/tuˈɒləmi/ ⓘ), officially the County of Tuolumne, is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 55,620. The county seat and only incorporated city is Sonora.

Tuolumne County comprises the Sonora, CA Micropolitan Statistical Area. The county is in the Sierra Nevada region.

The northern half of Yosemite National Park is located in the eastern part of the county.
Zamboanga City's at-large congressional district
Zamboanga City's at-large congressional district is an obsolete congressional district that encompassed the entire Zamboanga City prior to its 2004 reapportionment that took effect in 2007. It existed from 1984 to 2007, when Zamboanga elected a representative city-wide at-large to the Batasang Pambansa and to the restored House of Representatives. Before 1984 when it was granted its own seat in the regular Batasan assembly as a highly-urbanized city, Zamboanga was represented as part of the multi-member Region IX's at-large assembly district for the Interim Batasang Pambansa and was also earlier included in Zamboanga del Sur's at-large congressional district for the Third Philippine Republic congresses. It was last represented by Erico Basilio Fabian of the Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino (LDP).

Interim Batasang Pambansa
The Interim Batasang Pambansa (IBP; English: Interim National Assembly) was the legislature of the Republic of the Philippines from its inauguration on June 12, 1978, to June 5, 1984. It served as a transitional legislative body mandated by the 1973 Constitution as the Philippines shifted from a presidential to a semi-presidential form of government.

The IBP was preceded by the Interim National Assembly that briefly was the de jure body established in the original text of the 1973 Constitution, was never convened and effectively superseded by a series of nine constitutional amendments ratified through a referendum plebiscite held from October 16 to 17, 1976.
Stony Creek (Black Creek tributary)
Stony Creek is a tributary of Black Creek in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 3.7 miles (6.0 km) long and flows through Hazle Township and West Hazleton. Its named tributaries include Cranberry Creek and Wolffs Run. Stony Creek is considered to be impaired by acid mine drainage and also has measurable concentrations of iron, aluminum, and manganese. The Llwellyn Formation and the Mauch Chunk Formation can be found near the creek. Land uses in its watershed include forested land and barren land. A reservoir has been constructed in the watershed and at least one bridge has been built over the creek. The creek is considered to be a coldwater fishery and a migratory fishery.

Hazle Township, Pennsylvania
Hazle Township is a township in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 10,150 at the time of the 2020 census. The township surrounds the city of Hazleton and the borough of West Hazleton.
Rajashekara
Rajashekara (pronunciationⓘ) is a 1967 Indian Kannada-language film, directed by G. V. Iyer and produced by B. S. Ranga. The film stars Rajkumar, Bharathi Vishnuvardhan, Udaykumar, Balakrishna and Narasimharaju. The musical score was composed by G. K. Venkatesh.

Udaykumar
Bommasandra Srinivasaiah Suryanarayana Murthy (16 March 1933 – 26 December 1985), known professionally as Udaykumar, was an Indian actor, writer, and film producer who worked primarily in Kannada cinema. Along with Rajkumar and Kalyan Kumar, he was part of the trio known as the Kumarathrayaru ("the three Kumars") of Kannada cinema. In addition to acting, he wrote several stage dramas and books.

Uday Kumar appeared in a wide variety of roles and collaborated with many notable actors of his era. In the early part of his career, he was cast in heroic roles, but he later became known for portraying complex antagonists, particularly in historical and mythological films, where he was frequently cast opposite Rajkumar’s protagonist roles.
2018 Faroe Islands Cup
The 2018 Faroe Islands Cup was the 64th edition of Faroe Islands domestic football cup. The competition started on 25 April and ended with the final on 25 August. NSÍ were the defending champions, having won their third cup title the previous year, but were upset in the first round by eventual semifinalists AB, becoming the first defending champion since 1992 to be knocked out in the first stage.

B36 won the cup for the 6th time and qualified for the Preliminary round of the 2019–20 UEFA Europa League.

Only the first teams of Faroese football clubs were allowed to participate. Teams from all divisions entered the competition in the first round. MB withdrew the competition. As a result, one team would advance directly to the quarterfinals.

Faroe Islands Cup
The Faroe Islands Cup (Faroese: Løgmanssteypið, literally the Prime Minister Cup) is the main football cup competition in the Faroe Islands. The first edition was played in 1955. The competition is organized by the Faroe Islands Football Association and is contested annually by clubs from across the Faroese league system. Since 1979, teams from multiple divisions have been eligible to participate, with the winner typically qualifying for European competition. Most finals in recent decades have been played at Tórsvøllur in Tórshavn, the national stadium of the Faroe Islands.
Isaj Dratwer
Isaj Dratwer (born January 1, 1905, Warsaw, died 1985) was a Polish Jewish bacteriologist and esperantist. In the Esperanto movement, Dratwer was a strong advocate, President of the Esperanto Academy, and committee secretary in  1927 and 1931. He often published articles or letters in the Heroldo de Esperanto (Esperanto Herald), Pola Esperantisto (Polish Esperantist) and others. He also translated Russian-language novels by Romanov in 1932.

He survived the Nazi concentration camps. In the 1950s he was secretary-general of the Polish Esperanto Association and in the 1960s he was president of the Esperanto League of Israel.

Bacteriologist
A bacteriologist is a microbiologist, or similarly trained professional, in bacteriology— a subdivision of microbiology that studies bacteria, typically pathogenic ones. Bacteriologists are interested in studying and learning about bacteria, as well as using their skills in clinical settings. This includes investigating properties of bacteria such as morphology, ecology, genetics and biochemistry, phylogenetics, genomics and many other areas related to bacteria like disease diagnostic testing. Alongside human and animal healthcare providers, they may carry out various functions as medical scientists, veterinary scientists, pathologists, or diagnostic technicians in locations like clinics, blood banks, hospitals, laboratories and animal hospitals. Bacteriologists working in public health or biomedical research help develop vaccines for public use as well as public health guidelines for restaurants and businesses.
SpaceClaim
SpaceClaim is a solid modeling CAD (computer-aided design) software that runs on Microsoft Windows and developed by SpaceClaim Corporation. The company is headquartered in Concord, Massachusetts.

SpaceClaim Corporation was founded in 2005 to develop 3D solid modeling software for mechanical engineering. Its first CAD application was launched in 2007 and used an approach to solid modeling where design concepts are created by pulling, moving, filling, combining, and reusing 3D shapes.

It was acquired by Ansys in May 2014, Inc, and was integrated in subsequent versions of Ansys Simulation packages as a built-in 3D modeler.

SpaceClaim Corporation markets SpaceClaim Engineer directly to end-user and indirectly by other channels. SpaceClaim also licenses its software for OEMs, such as ANSYS, Flow International Corporation, CatalCAD.

Original equipment manufacturer
An original equipment manufacturer (OEM) is a company that produces parts and equipment that may be marketed by another company. However, the term is ambiguous, with several other common meanings: an OEM can be the maker of a system that includes other companies' subsystems, an end-product producer, an automotive part that is manufactured by the same company that produced the original part used in the automobile's assembly, or a value-added reseller.
OEM manufacturing is also widely used in the packaging industry, particularly in the production of customized gift boxes for wine and spirits. These OEM producers allow brands to create unique holiday packaging without maintaining their own manufacturing facilities.
Carsten Kissmeyer
Carsten Kissmeyer (born 22 May 1953, in Roskilde) is a Danish politician, who is a member of the Folketing for the Venstre political party. He entered parliament in 2018 after Esben Lunde Larsen resigned his seat.

Venstre (Denmark)
Venstre (Danish: [ˈvenstʁɐ], lit. 'Left', V), full name Venstre, Danmarks Liberale Parti (English: Left, Denmark's Liberal Party), is a conservative-liberal, agrarian political party in Denmark. Founded as part of a peasants' movement against the landed aristocracy, today it espouses an economically liberal, pro-free-market ideology.

Venstre is the major party of the centre-right in Denmark, and the second-largest party in the country. The party has produced many Prime Ministers. In the 2022 general elections, Venstre received 13.3% of the vote and 23 out of 179 seats. Following the resignation of Jakob Ellemann-Jensen, the party is led by Troels Lund Poulsen who serves as the country's Deputy Prime Minister. Since December 2022, the party has been a junior partner in the second Frederiksen government.

The party is a member of Liberal International and the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE) and has four MEPs in the European Parliament.
Dhanji Kanji Gandhi Suvarna Chandrak
Dhanji Kanji Gandhi Suvarna Chandrak also known as Dhanji Kanji Gandhi Gold Medal, is a literary honour in Gujarat, India given by Gujarat Sahitya Sabha. Established in 1983, the award is conferred annually on the most outstanding literate for his significant contribution in Gujarati literature. Chinu Modi rejected this medal in 1994.

Gujarat Sahitya Sabha
Gujarat Sahitya Sabha, originally called the Social and Literary Association is a literary institution for the promotion of Gujarati literature located in the city of Ahmedabad, India. It was founded by Ranjitram Vavabhai Mehta in 1898. Its name was later changed in 1905.

The main aim of the association is to celebrate the birth anniversaries of great Gujarati littérateurs, publishing and releasing books and also preserving manuscripts. The Gujarat Sahitya Sabha also gives an award called the Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak since 1928 and is considered as the highest literary honour of the state of Gujarat.
Comparison of OTP applications
The following is a general comparison of OTP applications that are used to generate one-time passwords for two-factor authentication (2FA) systems using the time-based one-time password (TOTP), the HMAC-based one-time password (HOTP) algorithms or Mobile-OTP (mOTP), which is an older, open source, 2FA system for mobile phones that combines a user’s PIN, time and a per-device secret to generate OTPs. It also lists apps that support proprietary authentication methods, like those used by Steam or Yandex.

HMAC-based one-time password
HMAC-based one-time password (HOTP) is a one-time password (OTP) algorithm based upon an HMAC. When a client attempts to access a server, a challenge is sent by the destination server to the client. The client then computes a response which represents a one time password. This often forms part of multi-factor authentication protocols such as the Open Authentication initiative (OATH) challenge-response algorithm.

HOTP was published as an informational IETF RFC 4226  in December 2005, documenting the algorithm along with a Java implementation. Since then, the algorithm has been adopted by many companies worldwide (see below). The HOTP algorithm is a freely available open standard.
Harishongkorpur Union
Harishongkorpur Union (Bengali: হরিশংকরপুর ইউনিয়ন) is a union parishad of Jhenaidah Sadar Upazila,  in Jhenaidah District, Khulna Division of Bangladesh. The union has an area of 69.88 square kilometres (26.98 sq mi) and as of 2001 had a population of 17,417. There are 22 villages and 21 mouzas in the union.

Jhenaidah District
Jhenaidah District (Bengali: ঝিনাইদহ জেলা) is a district in southwestern Bangladesh. Part of the Khulna Division, the district has an area of 1,964.77 km2 (758.60 sq mi). It is bordered by Kushtia District to the north, Jessore District and West Bengal to the south, Rajbari District and Magura District to the east, and Chuadanga District and West Bengal to the west. The largest city and headquarters of this district is Jhenaidah. At the beginning of the British rule, Jhenaidah was a police outpost and was turned into a thana in 1793. The Jhenaidah sub-division was established in 1862. It became a district in 1984.
Battle of Kratzau
The Battle of Kratzau occurred on 11 November 1428 between an Imperial Silesian army and the Sirotci Hussites in Kratzau, Bohemia. During the battle, the Imperial Silesian army under Hans von Polenz overpowered the Hussite troops. In November 1428, the Hussites under the leadership of Jan Královec launched a campaign from the occupied Kratzau of Friedland and Ostritz to Löbau. The city was not taken by the Hussites, and so they retreated back to Kratzau. Silesian and Lusatia troops pursued the Hussites, defeating them near Kratzau. The loss of vehicles with rations was essential for the Hussites, since supplies were intended for units besieging the Lichnice Castle.

Frýdlant
Frýdlant (Czech pronunciation: [ˈfriːdlant], also known as Frýdlant v Čechách; German: Friedland in Böhmen) is a town in Liberec District in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 7,400 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Jungle Terry
Jungle Terry or Jungleterry, from Hindi: जंगल तराई jangal tarāi, meaning 'jungle lowland', was a term applied in the 18th century to an area bordering Bengal, Bihar and Jharkhand that included large tracts of Bhagalpur and Monghyr districts, as well as the Santal Parganas district.

Although named as such, rather than an official district, the Jungle Terry was a vague border area. The district named Jungle Mahals would be established later in 1805.

Munger district
Munger district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state in eastern India. The city of Munger is the administrative headquarters of this district. The district is a part of Munger Division. Its literacy rate of 73.3% is higher than the state literacy rate of 63.8%, but lower than national rate of 74.04%.

The present collector and District Magistrate of Munger is Arvind Kumar Verma (IAS). Rajeev Rajan Singh Urf Lalan Singh is the district's MP.
Germaine Koh
Germaine Koh (born 1967) is a Malaysian-born and Canadian conceptual artist based in Vancouver. Her works incorporate the artistic styles of neo-conceptual art, minimalism, and environmental art, and is concerned with the significance of everyday actions, familiar objects and common places.

Koh is an independent curator and partner in the independent record label Weewerk. She also used to be an assistant curator of contemporary art at the National Gallery of Canada. Her exhibition history includes the Baltic Centre (Newcastle), De Appel (Amsterdam), Musée d'art contemporain de Montréal, Para/Site Art Space (Hong Kong), Frankfurter Kunstverein, Bloomberg Space (London), The Power Plant (Toronto), Seoul Museum of Art, Artspace (Sydney), The British Museum (London), the Contemporary Art Gallery (Vancouver), Plug In ICA (Winnipeg), Art Gallery of Ontario (Toronto), and the Liverpool, Sydney and Montréal biennials.

The Power Plant
The Power Plant Contemporary Art Gallery is a Canadian public art gallery located at Harbourfront Centre in the heart of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The Gallery is a registered Canadian charitable organization.

Initially established in 1976 as the Art Gallery at Harbourfront, the Power Plant was officially opened in 1987. It displays new and recent work by living Canadian and international artists, hosting both major solo shows and thematic group exhibitions.

The gallery hosts a variety of free public programs, educational events and workshops.  It produces artist books and related publications for research purposes and public dissemination. The Power Plant released more than 140 publications by the end of 2023.
Wheelchair fencing at the 2004 Summer Paralympics
Wheelchair Fencing at the 2004 Summer Paralympics was competed in Category A and B. Category A contestants were those with good sitting balance and normal fencing arm, while Category B contestants were somewhat impaired in either of these areas. The events were held at the Helliniko Fencing Hall.

Hellinikon Olympic Complex
The Hellinikon Olympic Complex is a closed, partially demolished sports complex, situated at Elliniko, a suburban town in the southern part of the Athens urban agglomeration, approximately 16 kilometres from the Olympic Village. It was built on the site of the former Hellinikon International Airport for the staging of the 2004 Summer Olympics and 2004 Summer Paralympics. It consists of five separate venues.