hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maurice Tomlinson
Maurice Tomlinson  (born 1971) is a Jamaican lawyer, law professor, and gay rights activist currently living in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. He has been a leading gay rights and HIV activist in the Caribbean for over 20 years and is one of the only Jamaican advocates to challenge the country's 1864 British colonially-imposed anti gay Sodomy Law (known as the Buggery Law). This law predominantly affects men who have sex with men (MSM) and carries a possible jail sentence of up to ten years imprisonment with hard labour.

Men who have sex with men
Men who have sex with men (MSM) are men who engage in sexual activity with other men, regardless of their sexual orientation or sexual identity. The term was created by epidemiologists in the 1990s, to better study and communicate the spread of sexually transmitted infections such as HIV/AIDS between all sexually active males, not strictly those identifying as gay, bisexual, pansexual or various other sexualities, but also for example male prostitutes. The term is often used in medical literature and social research to describe such men as a group. It does not describe any specific kind of sexual activity, and which activities are covered by the term depends on context. The alternative term "males who have sex with males" is sometimes considered more accurate in cases where those described may not be legal adults.
1985 Volvo Tennis Los Angeles – Singles
Jimmy Connors was the defending champion but could not compete due to a 3-week suspension, after being fined at the US Open during the previous week.

Paul Annacone won the title by defeating Stefan Edberg 7–6(7–5), 6–7(8–10), 7–6(7–4) in the final.

Jimmy Connors
James Scott Connors (born September 2, 1952) is an American former professional tennis player as well as an author, a tennis commentator, and a coach. He was ranked as the world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for 268 weeks (fifth-most of all time), and finished as the year-end No. 1 five times. Known for his fiery competitiveness, Connors holds three prominent Open Era men's singles records: 109 titles, 1,557 matches played, and 1,274 match wins. His titles include eight singles majors (an Open Era joint-record five US Opens, two Wimbledons, one Australian Open) and three year-end championships. In 1974, he became the second man in the Open Era to win three major titles in a calendar year; he was not permitted to participate in the fourth, the French Open. His playing career ended in 1996.
James Bedingfield
James B. Bedingfield Jr. (October 24, 1924 – March 30, 2022) was an American lawyer and politician.

Bedingfield was born in Bandon, Oregon, and grew up in Coos Bay, Oregon. He graduated from Marshfield High School, in Coos Bay in 1942. Bedingfield then served in the United States Marine Corps during World War II. Bedingfield went to University of Oregon and Willamette University College of Law. He was admitted to the Oregon bar and lived with his wife and family in Coos Bay. Bedingfield served in the Oregon House of Representatives from 1964 to 1968. He died in Greeley, Colorado.

Bandon, Oregon
Bandon (/ˈbændən/) is a city in Coos County, Oregon, United States, on the south side of the mouth of the Coquille River. It was named by George Bennet, an Irish peer, who settled nearby in 1873 and named the town after Bandon in Ireland, his hometown. The population was 3,066 at the 2010 census and by the 2020 census it was 3,321.
Troitsk (air base)
Troitsk is a former Russian Air Force base located near Troitsk, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia.

The base was home to the 385th Fighter Aviation Regiment between 1950 and 1971 with the Lavochkin La-9 (ASCC: Fritz), Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 (ASCC: Fagot), Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17 (ASCC: Fresco) and the Sukhoi Su-9 (ASCC: Fishpot), and the 199th Independent Helicopter Squadron between 1991 and 2003 with the Mil Mi-6VPK (ASCC: Hook-B), Mil Mi-8T/PPA (ASCC: Hip-K) and the Mil Mi-24K/P (ASCC: Hind-F).

Mil Mi-24
The Mil Mi-24 (Russian: Миль Ми-24; NATO reporting name: Hind) is a large helicopter gunship, attack helicopter and low-capacity troop transport with room for eight passengers. It is produced by Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant and was introduced by the Soviet Air Force in 1972. As of 2025, the helicopter is in use with 52 countries.

In NATO circles, the export versions, Mi-25 and Mi-35, are denoted with a letter suffix as "Hind D" and "Hind E". Soviet pilots called the Mi-24 the "flying tank" (Russian: летающий танк, romanized: letayushchiy tank), a term used historically with the famous World War II Soviet Il-2 Shturmovik armored ground attack aircraft. Other common unofficial nicknames were "Galina" (or "Galya"), "Crocodile" (Russian: Крокодил, romanized: Krokodil), due to the helicopter's camouflage scheme, and "Drinking Glass" (Russian: Стакан, romanized: Stakan), because of the flat glass plates that surround earlier Mi-24 variants' cockpits.
Telephone numbers in the Czech Republic
Following the break-up of Czechoslovakia in 1993, the successor states, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, continued to share the 42 country code until 28 February 1997, with the Czech Republic then adopting 420 and Slovakia adopting 421.

On September 22, 2002, the Czech Republic adopted a closed numbering plan, with nine-digit numbers used for local and national calls, and the dropping of the trunk code 0.

Before the change, the following arrangements would have been made for calls to Brno:

After the change, the dialing arrangements for calls to Brno were as follows:

In the case of mobile numbers, which had to be dialed in full, the only change was that the 0 was no longer used:

O2 Czech Republic
O2 Czech Republic (operating under the O2 brand) is a major integrated operator in the Czech Republic. It is now operating more than six million lines, both fixed and mobile, making it one of the Czech Republic's largest providers of fully converged services. O2 Czech Republic operates a fixed and mobile network including a 3rd generation network, CDMA (for data), UMTS and EDGE, enabling voice, data and video transmission. O2 Czech Republic is also a provider of ICT services.

Previously two companies, fixed-line operator Český Telecom and mobile operator Eurotel, it was acquired by the Spanish company Telefónica in 2005 and merged into a single legal entity and given its present name on 1 July 2006 .

In 2013 it was announced that Telefónica would sell its stake in the company to PPF and the company would continue to use the O2 brand for a maximum of four years.  In August 2017 the brand license agreement was extended to 2022, with a 5 year extension to 2027 available.
Robert Colbert
Robert Louis Colbert (born July 26, 1931) is an American actor best known for his leading role as Dr. Doug Phillips on the ABC television series The Time Tunnel and his two appearances as Brent Maverick, a third Maverick brother in the ABC/Warner Brothers western Maverick.

Lawman (TV series)
Lawman is an American Western television series originally telecast on ABC from 1958 to 1962, starring John Russell as Marshal Dan Troop and Peter Brown as Deputy Marshal Johnny McKay. The series was set in Laramie, Wyoming, during 1879 and the 1880s. Warner Bros. already had several Western series on the air at the time.

Prior to the beginning of production, Russell, Brown, and producer Jules Schermer made a pact to maintain the quality of the series so that it would not be seen as "just another Western". At the start of season two, Russell and Brown were joined by Peggie Castle as Lily Merrill, the owner of the Birdcage Saloon, and a love interest for Dan.

The main sponsor of the series was the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company through their Camel cigarettes brand. The alternate sponsor was General Mills. The two main stars did spots endorsing Camel cigarettes and Cheerios breakfast cereal.
EAPS
EAPS can mean:

Ethernet Automatic Protection Switching

European Association for Population Studies

Ethnic Affairs Priorities Statement

Euro Alliance of Payment Schemes

European Academy of Paediatric Societies

The Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science
and, by extension, the Green Building (MIT) that contains that department

Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science
The MIT School of Science is one of the five schools of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. The School, which consolidated under the leadership of Karl Taylor Compton in 1932, is composed of 6 academic departments who grant SB, SM, and PhD or ScD degrees; as well as a number of affiliated laboratories and centers. As of 2020, the Dean of Science is Professor Nergis Mavalvala. With approximately 275 faculty members, 1100 graduate students, 700 undergraduate majors, 500 postdocs, and 400 research staff, the School is the second largest at MIT. As of 2019, 12 faculty members and 14 alumni of the School have won Nobel Prizes.
Glasgow Argus
The Glasgow Argus was a Scottish newspaper, published biweekly from 1833 to 1847. It took a reforming editorial line, supporting abolitionism and opposing the Corn Laws. The Argus was perceived as the paper of the supporters of the Glasgow merchant and politician James Oswald.

Abolitionism in the United Kingdom
Abolitionism in the United Kingdom was the movement in the late 18th and early 19th centuries to end the practice of slavery, whether formal or informal, in the United Kingdom, the British Empire and the world, including ending the Atlantic slave trade. It was part of a wider abolitionism movement in Western Europe and the Americas. It spanned over a century and involved a wide range of activists, politicians, religious groups, and former slaves.

The trade of slaves was abolished throughout the British Empire by 1937, with Nigeria and Bahrain being the last British territories to abolish slavery.
WJOX-FM
WJOX-FM (94.5 MHz) is a commercial radio station licensed to Birmingham, Alabama, airing a sports radio format. Cumulus Media owns three sports stations in the Birmingham radio market, WJQX 100.5 FM, WJOX 690 AM and WJOX-FM.  They have studios on Goodwin Crest Drive near Interstate 65 in Homewood.

WJOX-FM has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100,000 watts, the maximum for most FM stations.  The transmitter is atop the west ridge of Red Mountain, amid the towers for other Birmingham-area FM and TV station.

Interstate 65 in Alabama
Interstate 65 (I-65) meanders across 366 miles (589 km) of the Alabama countryside linking six of the state's 10 largest cities. The highway links together many important roadways that make commerce inside and outside of the state's boundaries possible. It starts at I-10 near Mobile. The route passes through or near the major cities of Montgomery, Birmingham, Decatur, Huntsville, and Athens before entering Tennessee in the north near the town of Ardmore, Alabama.

The entire Alabama portion of I-65 is dedicated as Heroes Highway in honor of Central Intelligence Agency officer Johnny Micheal Spann and all of the people who died during the September 11 attacks.
Dedunu Gunaratne
Dedunu Gunaratne is a Sri Lankan former cricketer who played as a right-handed batter. She appeared in one Test match and two One Day Internationals for Sri Lanka in 1998.

She played all three of her international matches against Pakistan, on their tour in 1998. She scored 55 runs in her two Test innings, and 72 in her two ODIs. She made her ODI debut in the second match of the one-day series against Pakistan, opening the batting. Her score of 57* helped Sri Lanka to a 4-wicket victory.

Women's Test cricket
Women's Test cricket is the longest format of women's cricket and is the female equivalent to men's Test cricket. Matches comprise four-innings and are held over a maximum of four days between two of the leading cricketing nations. The rules governing the format differ little from those for the men's game, with differences generally being technicalities surrounding umpiring and field size.

The first women's Test match was played by England women and Australia women in December 1934, a three-day contest held in Brisbane which England won by nine wickets. A total of 149 Women's Test matches have been played. Far fewer matches are played each year in favour of Women's One Day Internationals and Women's Twenty20 Internationals, with the international calendar revolving around the shorter formats of the game.
1978 Women's Softball World Championship
The 1978 ISF Women's World Championship for softball was held in October 1978 in San Salvador, El Salvador.

Canada was given the hosting rights for the tournament in 1975. However the Canadian government withdrew financial support upon learning Taiwan (Republic of China) will be joining. The tournament was later considered to be held in Nagoya, Japan. However Japan also withdrew following pressure by China, which objects to the participation of Taiwan.

South Africa and Rhodesia were dissuaded by the International Softball Federation from accepting their invitations.

United States are the champions.

Zimbabwe women's national softball team
Zimbabwe women's national softball team is the national team for Zimbabwe.  The team competed at the 1986 ISF Women's World Championship in Auckland, New Zealand where they finished twelfth.  The team competed at the 1990 ISF Women's World Championship in Normal, Illinois where they finished with 0 wins and 9 losses.
Palapag
Palapag, officially the Municipality of Palapag (Waray: Bungto han Palapag; Tagalog: Bayan ng Palapag), is a municipality in the province of Northern Samar, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 34,954 people.

It is located in the northernmost part of Samar Island.

Waray language
Waray (also known as Waray-Waray or Bisayâ/Binisayâ and Winaray/Waray, Spanish: idioma samareño meaning Samar language) is an Austronesian language and the fifth-most-spoken native regional language of the Philippines, native to Eastern Visayas. It is the native language of the Waray people and second language of the Abaknon people of Capul, Northern Samar, and some Cebuano-speaking peoples of western and southern parts of Leyte island. It is the third most spoken language among the Bisayan languages, only behind Cebuano and Hiligaynon.
1993 OTB International Open – Women's doubles
Alexia Dechaume and Florencia Labat were the defending champions, but Dechaume did not compete this year.

Labat teamed up with Barbara Rittner and lost in the final to Rachel McQuillan and Claudia Porwik. The score was 4–6, 6–4, 6–2.

Rachel McQuillan
Rachel McQuillan (born 2 December 1971) is a retired tennis player from Australia.

She was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder. She won five WTA Tour doubles titles, as well as 14 singles and 21 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. She reached the mixed doubles semifinals at the 1995 and 1998 French Opens and at the 1996 US Open, each time partnering David Macpherson. She won a bronze medal in doubles at the 1992 Summer Olympics, partnering Nicole Bradtke. McQuillan reached career-high rankings of No. 28 in singles and 15 in doubles.
Battle of Kidal
The Battle of Kidal could refer to

Battle of Kidal (2006)

Battle of Kidal (2012)

Battle of Ifoghas, in the Ifoghas mountains of Kidal Region

Second Battle of Kidal

Battle of Kidal (2016)

Battle of Kidal (2023)

2006 Kidal and Ménaka mutinies
On May 23, 2006, the May 23, 2006 Democratic Alliance for Change (ADC) simultaneously mutinied in the cities of Kidal and Ménaka, sparking the 2006 Tuareg rebellion. The mutinies were the first and only major action of the rebellion, which came to an end in the July 2006 Algiers Accords.
San Francisco State University
San Francisco State University (San Francisco State, SF State and SFSU) is a public research university in San Francisco, California, United States. It was established in 1899 as the San Francisco State Normal School and is part of the California State University system.

It offers 126 bachelor's degree programs, 104 master's degree programs, and 3 doctoral degree programs, along with 24 teaching credential programs among seven colleges. The 144.1-acre main campus is located in the southwest part of the city, less than two miles from the Pacific coast. The university has 12 varsity athletic teams which compete at the NCAA Division II level.

SF State is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity." It is also a designated Hispanic-Serving Institution (HSI) and Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institution (AANAPISI).

Hispanic-Serving Institution
A Hispanic-Serving Institution (HSI) is defined in U.S. federal law as an accredited, degree-granting, public or private nonprofit institution of higher education with 25% or higher total undergraduate Hispanic or Latino full-time equivalent (FTE) student enrollment. In the 2021–22 academic year, 572 institutions met the federal criteria, up from 539 institutions in the 2018–19 academic year.
Center for Advanced Turbomachinery and Energy Research
The Center for Advanced Turbomachinery and Energy Research is an academic research group of the University of Central Florida located in Orlando, Florida, United States. The research conducted here covers several branches of engineering, dedicated to the study of: propulsion, turbine, combustion, and Energy transformation. Corporate partners include Siemens, GE, Alstom, Aerojet Rocketdyne, Embraer, and others.

Aerojet Rocketdyne
Aerojet Rocketdyne was a company, and later a subsidiary of American defense company L3Harris, that manufactured rocket, hypersonic, and electric propulsive systems for space, defense, civil and commercial applications. Aerojet traced its origins to the General Tire and Rubber Company (later renamed GenCorp, Inc. as it diversified) established in 1915, while Rocketdyne was created as a division of North American Aviation in 1955. Aerojet Rocketdyne was formed in 2013 when Aerojet and Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne were merged, following the latter's acquisition by GenCorp, Inc. from Pratt & Whitney. Aerojet Rocketdyne was acquired by L3Harris in July 2023 for $4.7 billion. In 2026, L3Harris agreed to sell the "Space Propulsion and Power Systems" sector of Aerojet Rocketdyne to AE Industrial Partners, who will spin off the business under the name "Rocketdyne", and to hold an IPO for the remaining "Missile Systems" sector.
Hardin High School
Hardin High School may refer:

Central Hardin High School in Elizabethtown, Kentucky

John Hardin High School, in Radcliff, Kentucky

Hardin High School (Illinois), a defunct school in Hardin, Illinois

Hardin High School (Montana), in Hardin, Montana

Hardin High School (Texas), in Hardin, Liberty County, Texas

North Hardin High School in Radcliff, Kentucky

R. F. Hardin High School, in Brownwood, Texas

South Hardin High School in Eldora, Iowa

West Hardin High School in Saratoga, Texas

North Hardin High School
North Hardin High School, located in Radcliff, Kentucky, United States, has a student population of approximately 1,600.  The school, a part of Hardin County Public Schools, was founded in 1962. The athletics teams are known as the Trojans. The school is also known for its involvement in the 1988 Carrollton bus disaster, which resulted in improvements to the safety of school buses and DUI laws
Lahr (Hunsrück)
Lahr (German pronunciation: [ˈlaːɐ̯] ⓘ) in the Hunsrück is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kastellaun.

Kastellaun (Verbandsgemeinde)
Kastellaun is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the Rhein-Hunsrück district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Its seat is in Kastellaun. On 1 July 2014 it was expanded with 3 municipalities from the former Verbandsgemeinde Treis-Karden.

The Verbandsgemeinde Kastellaun consists of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):

50°04′08″N 7°26′35″E﻿ / ﻿50.069°N 7.443°E﻿ / 50.069; 7.443
CISM
CISM may be:

Certified Information Security Manager, a security certification of the Information Systems Audit and Control Association

Conseil International du Sport Militaire, or International Military Sports Council

Critical incident stress management

CISM-FM, a radio station in Montreal

Manhiça Health Research Centre (CISM), which conducts biomedical research in priority health areas under a bilateral cooperation programme between the Governments of Mozambique and Spain

the Central International Salvation of Moco, Point Moco in the North Atlantic Ocean

Critical incident stress management
Critical incident stress management (CISM) is a system of support for individuals and groups who have been exposed to trauma.  It is a form of psychological first aid.  It includes pre-incident preparedness and acute crisis management through post-crisis follow-up. The purpose of CISM is to decrease the severity of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder developing after a crisis.

The International Critical Incident Stress Foundation (ICISF) is an organization based in Baltimore, MD.  The ICISF Model of Critical Incident Stress Management is in use by over 300 registered CISM Peer Support Teams in North America and around the world.
Dip slide
A dip slide (or dipslide) is a test for the presence of microorganisms in liquids. The use of dip slides is the method most frequently used to measure and observe microbial activity in liquid-based systems. It is often used in testing cooling systems. Dip slides are often used to determine the presence of slime forming bacteria in cooling & industrial water systems. 
 The Health and Safety Executive's (HSE) recommends the use of dipslides to monitor the general activity of aerobic bacteria. 
The dip slide test consists of a sterile culture medium on a plastic carrier that is dipped into the liquid to be sampled. The culture is then incubated, allowing for microbial growth. Most Dip slides consist of 1 - 2 agars attached to a flexible plastic paddle, this allows full contact of the agar onto the desired area for testing. Most Dipslides come in a circular clear shatterproof tube that can be inserted into a dip-slide incubator.

Growth medium
A growth medium or culture medium is a solid, liquid, or semi-solid designed to support the growth of a population of microorganisms or cells via the process of cell proliferation or small plants like the moss Physcomitrella patens. Different types of media are used for growing different types of cells.

The two major types of growth media are those used for cell culture, which use specific cell types derived from plants or animals, and those used for microbiological culture, which are used for growing microorganisms such as bacteria or fungi. The most common growth media for microorganisms are nutrient broths and agar plates; specialized media are sometimes required for microorganism and cell culture growth. Some organisms, termed fastidious organisms, require specialized environments due to complex nutritional requirements. Viruses, for example, are obligate intracellular parasites and require a growth medium containing living cells.
Neelathamara (2009 film)
Neelathamara (transl. The Blue Lotus) is a 2009 Indian Malayalam-language romantic drama film written by M. T. Vasudevan Nair and directed by Lal Jose. It is the remake of the 1979 film of the same name, scripted by M.T. himself and directed by Yusuf Ali Kechery. The film was produced by Suresh Kumar under the banner of Revathy Kalamandhir. It stars Kailash and newcomers, Archana Kavi and Amala Paul in the lead roles. The film received good reviews and was a box-office hit.

G. Suresh Kumar
G. Suresh Kumar is an Indian film producer and actor known for Poochakkoru Mookkuthi and Aaraam Thampuran. He produces films under the banner Revathy Kalamandhir an Indian film production company based in Thiruvananthapuram which is founded in 1993 by him and he produced more than 32 Malayalam films under this banner.