hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2012 Vanuatuan general election
General elections were held in Vanuatu on 30 October 2012. The previous elections to the 52-member Parliament of Vanuatu were held in 2008. The largest parties in this election were the socialist Vanua'aku Party, which won 11 seats, and the social-democratic National United Party (8 seats).  Thirteen other parties as well as four independents won parliamentary seats.  As a result, Edward Natapei of the Vanua'aku Party was able to become the Prime Minister.  Since then, both Serge Vohor of the conservative Union of Moderate Parties and Sato Kilman of the People's Progressive Party have held that position, with Kilman being the incumbent Prime Minister of Vanuatu at the time of the 2012 election.

2008 Vanuatuan general election
General elections were held in Vanuatu on 2 September 2008. In July the Melanesian Progressive Party requested that they be postponed, contesting the constitutionality of the Peoples Representation Act No. 33 of 2007, which allegedly enabled voters in certain constituencies to vote in two constituencies. The Principal Electoral Officer, Martin Tete, confirmed that the election would take place on 2 September, as scheduled. The day was declared a national holiday, to encourage people to vote.

Over three hundred candidates, of which nine women, stood for election, representing twenty-five political parties and approximately eighty independents. There were 170,000 registered voters, and fifty-two seats to fill in Parliament in 17 multi-member constituencies.
ESO 383-76
ESO 383-76 (ESO 383-G 076) is an elongated, X-ray luminous supergiant elliptical galaxy, residing as the dominant, brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) of the Abell 3571 galaxy cluster, the sixth-brightest in the sky at X-ray wavelengths. It is located at the distance of 200.6 megaparsecs (654 million light-years) from Earth, and is possibly a member of the large Shapley Supercluster. With a diameter of about 540.9 kiloparsecs (1.8 million light-years), it is one of the largest galaxies known. It also contains a supermassive black hole, one of the most massive known with mass estimates varying from 2 billion M☉ to 28 billion M☉.

Galaxy effective radius
Galaxy effective radius or half-light radius () is the radius at which half of the total light of a galaxy is emitted. This assumes the galaxy has either intrinsic spherical symmetry or is at least circularly symmetric as viewed in the plane of the sky. Alternatively, a half-light contour, or isophote, may be used for spherically and circularly asymmetric objects.

is an important length scale in  term in de Vaucouleurs's law, which characterizes a specific rate at which surface brightness decreases as a function of radius:

where  is the surface brightness at . At ,

Thus, the central surface brightness is approximately .
Wolfgang Baur
Wolfgang Baur (born 1968) is an American game designer, best known for his work with Dragon magazine. He designs role-playing games and is known for his work at Wizards of the Coast. Baur is also the founder of Open Design LLC, later known as Kobold Press.

Iron Crown Enterprises
Iron Crown Enterprises (ICE) is a publishing company that has produced role playing, board, miniature, and collectible card games since 1980. Many of ICE's better-known products were related to J. R. R. Tolkien's world of Middle-earth, but the Rolemaster rules system, and its science-fiction equivalent, Space Master, have been the foundation of ICE's business.
The Universim
The Universim is a 2024 indie simulation god game developed and published by Crytivo for Microsoft Windows, MacOS, and Linux. Designed by Alexander Koshelkov, it has the player take the role of God to guide the development of civilization throughout the ages. Development was funded by a Kickstarter crowdfunding campaign in April  2014. The Universim was released in early access for Steam in 2018.

God game
A god game is an artificial life game that casts the player in the position of controlling the game on a large scale, as an entity with divine and supernatural powers, as a great leader, or with no specified character (as in Spore), and places them in charge of a game setting containing autonomous characters to guard and influence.
Regulatory sequence
A regulatory sequence is a segment of a nucleic acid molecule which is capable of increasing or decreasing the expression of specific genes within an organism. Regulation of gene expression is an essential feature of all living organisms and viruses.

DNA binding site
DNA binding sites are a type of binding site found in DNA where other molecules may bind. DNA binding sites are distinct from other binding sites in that (1) they are part of a DNA sequence (e.g. a genome) and (2) they are bound by DNA-binding proteins. DNA binding sites are often associated with specialized proteins known as transcription factors, and are thus linked to transcriptional regulation. The sum of DNA binding sites of a specific transcription factor is referred to as its cistrome. DNA binding sites also encompasses the targets of other proteins, like restriction enzymes, site-specific recombinases (see site-specific recombination) and methyltransferases.

DNA binding sites can be thus defined as short DNA sequences (typically 4 to 30 base pairs long, but up to 200 bp for recombination sites) that are specifically bound by one or more DNA-binding proteins or protein complexes. It has been reported that some binding sites have potential to undergo fast evolutionary change.
Midhurst Brickworks
Midhurst Brickworks is a former brickworks situated to the south-west of Midhurst, West Sussex in England. The works were sited close to the (now closed) Midhurst Common railway station on the Midhurst to Petersfield (L.S.W.R.) railway line. The works were established in 1913, on land owned by the Cowdray Estate, and closed in 1985. From 1938, the company traded as Midhurst Whites after their main product, white bricks made of sand and lime, which was obtained from the Cocking Lime Works, 5 km (3 mi) south.

Bogie
A bogie (/ˈboʊɡi/ BOH-ghee) (or truck in North American English) comprises two or more wheelsets (two wheels on an axle), in a frame, attached under a vehicle by a pivot. Bogies take various forms in various modes of transport. A bogie may remain normally attached (as on many railroad cars and semi-trailers) or be quickly detachable (as for a dolly in a road train or in railway bogie exchange). It may include suspension components within it (as most rail and trucking bogies do), or be solid and in turn be suspended (as are most bogies of tracked vehicles). It may be mounted on a swivel, as traditionally on a railway carriage or locomotive, additionally jointed and sprung (as in the landing gear of an airliner), or held in place by other means (centreless bogies).

Although bogie is the preferred spelling and first-listed variant in various dictionaries, bogey and bogy are also used.
Folly Cove Designers
The Folly Cove Designers were a mid-20th-century group of American artists block printing in Gloucester, Massachusetts, on Cape Ann. Their blocks were made of linoleum, and they primarily printed on fabric.

Cape Ann
Cape Ann is a rocky peninsula in northeastern Massachusetts on the Atlantic Ocean.  It is about 30 miles (48 km) northeast of Boston and marks the northern limit of Massachusetts Bay. Cape Ann includes the city of Gloucester and the towns of Essex, Manchester-by-the-Sea and Rockport.
Hayes Glacier
Hayes Glacier in Antarctica enters the southeast part of the Weddell Sea about 17 miles (27 km) west-southwest of Dawson-Lambton Glacier. It was discovered in the course of a U.S. Navy LC-130 plane flight over the Caird Coast on November 5, 1967, and was plotted by the United States Geological Survey from photographs obtained at that time. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Lieutenant Commander Winston R. Hayes, U.S. Navy Reserve, the pilot on that flight.

Dawson-Lambton Glacier
The Dawson-Lambton Glacier is a heavily crevassed glacier entering the south-eastern Weddell Sea immediately west of the Brunt Ice Shelf. It was discovered in January 1915 by a British expedition led by Ernest Shackleton. He named it for Elizabeth Dawson-Lambton, a benefactress of the Shackleton expeditions.
Svenja Adolphs
Svenja Adolphs is a British linguist whose research involves analysis of corpus data including sources of multimodal material such as the Nottingham Multimodal Corpus (NMMC) to examine communication in new forms of digital records. Using visual mark-up systems, her work allows a better understanding of the nature of natural language use. She is a co-founder (along with Paul Crawford and Ronald Carter) of the Health Language Research Group at the University of Nottingham, bringing together academics and clinicians to advance the work of applied linguistics in health care settings.

Economic and Social Research Council
The Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) is a council of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology, responsible for funding and support for research and training in the social sciences. It is the UK's largest organisation for funding research on economic and social issues.
2015 Copa do Nordeste
The 2015 Copa do Nordeste was the 12th edition of the main football tournament featuring teams from the Brazilian Northeast Region. The competition featured 20 clubs, with Bahia and Pernambuco having three seeds each, and Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Sergipe, Alagoas, Paraíba, Maranhão and Piauí with two seeds each. For the first time, the competition included teams from Maranhão and Piauí.

Copa do Nordeste
Copa do Nordeste (English: Cup of the North-East), also known as Campeonato do Nordeste (English: Championship of the North-East) or Copa Nordeste (English: Northeastern Cup) is a Brazilian football competition among Northeastern region teams. It is sometimes informally referred to as Lampions League – in reference to the UEFA Champions League and bandit folk hero Lampião.
Serra Branca / Raso da Catarina Environmental Protection Area
The Serra Branca / Raso da Catarina Environmental Protection Area (Portuguese: Área de Proteção Ambiental Serra Branca / Raso da Catarina) is an environmental protection area in the state of Bahia, Brazil.
Its sandstone cliffs are home to the endangered Lear's macaw.

Environmental protection area (Brazil)
An environmental protection area (Portuguese: Área de proteção ambiental: APA) is a type of protected area in Brazil that has some degree of human occupation, but where the primary intent is environmental protection. Human occupation is monitored and controlled. An environmental protection area often contains other types of conservation units, which may be more strictly protected.
Marasmiellus
Marasmiellus is a genus of fungi in the family Omphalotaceae. The widespread genus, circumscribed by American mycologist William Murrill in 1915, contains over 250 species. The name comes from the Greek marasmus meaning wasting.

Marasmiaceae
The Marasmiaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are most frequently agarics (gilled mushrooms), but occasionally cyphelloid (in the genus Cellypha). According to a 2008 estimate, the family contained 54 genera and 1590 species, but molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has led to a more restricted family concept, so that the Marasmiaceae included just 13 genera, and some 1205 species. It was reduced further down in 2020, to 10 genera and about 700 species.
Shimrit Perkol-Finkel
Shimrit Perkol-Finkel (Hebrew: שמרית פרקול-פינקל‎; 12 April 1975 – 7 March 2021) was an Israeli marine biologist. She researched artificial coral reefs and developed ecological concrete products, green construction and CleanTech. She was a co-founder of two companies in the field of marine ecology, and also served as the CEO of one of them, "ECOncrete". Perkol-Finkel authored over 20 scientific articles. Her work was awarded prizes by the United Nations and the European Union. In 2019 she was chosen by "Forbes" as one of the top 50 women-led Startups that are crushing tech. In the same year, the patent she developed, together with her partner Ido Sella, was chosen as one of the 100 best inventions in the world by Time magazine.

Electric motorcycles and scooters
Electric motorcycles and scooters are plug-in electric vehicles with two or three wheels. Power is supplied by a rechargeable battery that drives one or more electric motors. Electric scooters are distinguished from motorcycles by having a step-through frame, instead of being straddled. Electric bicycles are similar vehicles, distinguished by retaining the ability to be propelled by the rider pedaling in addition to battery propulsion.

Electric scooters with the rider standing are known as escooters.
Conflict of divorce laws
In modern society, the role of marriage and its termination through divorce have become political issues. As people live increasingly mobile lives, the conflict of laws and its choice of law rules are highly relevant to determine:

the circumstances in which people may obtain divorces in states in which they have no permanent or habitual residence; and

when one state will recognize and enforce a divorce granted in another state

Habitual residence
In conflict of laws, habitual residence is the standard used to determine the law which should be applied to determine a given legal dispute or entitlement. It can be contrasted with the law on domicile, traditionally used in common law jurisdictions to do the same thing.

Habitual residence is determined based on the totality of circumstances which may include both future intention and past experience. There is normally only one habitual residence where the individual usually resides and routinely returns to after visiting other places. It is the geographical place considered "home" for a reasonably significant period of time.
Paan dan
A paan dan (Hindi: पान दान, Bengali: পানদানি, Urdu: پان دان, English: Betel case) is a container for storing paan (betel leaf) used in South Asian households. It also stores other ingredients such as zarda, supari (or gua), kattha, choona (also known as "soon"), clove, cardamom (elachi), and other accessories.  A paan dan is silverware used mostly to store betel leaf, betel seeds and most other spices for making a paan. A paan dan is often made of perforated metal and has several compartments for storing the individual ingredients for making paan.

Cardamom
Cardamom (/ˈkɑːrdəməm/), sometimes cardamon or cardamum, is a spice made from the seeds of several plants in the genera Elettaria and Amomum in the family Zingiberaceae. Both genera are native to the Indian subcontinent and Indonesia. They are recognized by their small seed pods: triangular in cross-section and spindle-shaped, with a thin, papery outer shell and small, black seeds; Elettaria pods are light green and smaller, while Amomum pods are dark brown and larger.

Species used for cardamom are native throughout tropical and subtropical Asia. The first references to cardamom are found in Sumer, and in Ayurveda. In the 21st century, it is cultivated mainly in India, Indonesia, and Guatemala.
Gusau Dam
The Gusau Dam holds a reservoir on the Sokoto River just upstream from Gusau, capital of Zamfara State in Nigeria. It supplies water to the city and neighboring communities. In 2006, the dam collapsed, killing 40 people and destroying 500 homes.

Ahmad Sani Yerima
Ahmed Rufai Sani Yerima (born 22 July 1960) is a Nigerian politician who was Governor of Zamfara State from May 1999 to May 2007, and served as Senator for Zamfara West and Deputy Minority Leader in the Senate. He is a member of the All Progressives Congress (APC).
Santa María de Villandás
Santa María de Villandás is one of 28 parishes (administrative divisions) in the municipality of Grado, within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

The population is 122 (INE 2007).

Grado, Asturias
Grado (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈɡɾaðo]; Asturian: Grau, and officially Grau/Grado) is a municipality in the Autonomous Community of the Principality of Asturias in Spain. It is bordered on the north by Candamo and Las Regueras, on the east by Proaza, Santo Adriano and Oviedo, on the south by Teverga and Yernes y Tameza, and on the west by Belmonte de Miranda and Salas.

The municipality's capital town, also with the same name, is famous for its markets, celebrated every Wednesday and Sunday. These markets, the oldest in Asturias, have their origin in the Middle Ages, when King Alfonso X the Wise granted Grado's town charter.
Frans Baleni
Msokoli Frans Baleni (born 1959 or 1960) is a South African businessman and former trade unionist who was general secretary of the National Union of Mineworkers between 2006 and 2015. Since 2007, he has been a member of the Central Committee of the South African Communist Party.

Congress of South African Trade Unions
The Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU or Cosatu) is a trade union federation in South Africa. It was founded in 1985 and is the largest of the country's three main trade union federations, with 21 affiliated trade unions.
Heat pump and refrigeration cycle
Thermodynamic heat pump cycles or refrigeration cycles are the conceptual and mathematical models for heat pump, air conditioning and refrigeration systems. A heat pump is a mechanical system that transmits heat from one location (the "source") at a certain temperature to another location (the "sink" or "heat sink") at a higher temperature. Thus a heat pump may be thought of as a "heater" if the objective is to warm the heat sink (as when warming the inside of a home on a cold day), or a "refrigerator" or "cooler" if the objective is to cool the heat source (as in the normal operation of a freezer). The operating principles in both cases are the same; energy is used to move heat from a colder place to a warmer place.

Compressor
A compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume. An air compressor is a specific type of gas compressor.

Many compressors can be staged, that is, the gas is compressed several times in steps or stages, to increase discharge pressure. Often, the second stage is physically smaller than the primary stage, to accommodate the already compressed gas without reducing its pressure. Each stage further compresses the gas and increases its pressure and also temperature (if inter cooling between stages is not used).
Journal of Scholarly Publishing
The Journal of Scholarly Publishing is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal publishing research and resources for publishers, editors, authors, and marketers in the academic publishing industry, focusing on technological changes, funding, and issues affecting scholarly publishing. It is published by the University of Toronto Press four times a year.

Academic Search
Academic Search is a monthly indexing service. It was first published in 1997 by EBSCO Publishing in Ipswich, Massachusetts. Its academic focus is international universities, covering social science, education, psychology, and other subjects. Publishing formats covered are academic journals, magazines, newspapers, and CD-ROM.
Erik Grevelius
Erik Grevelius (born 24 June 2000) is a Swedish tennis player.

Grevelius has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 1,495 achieved on 12 June 2023 and a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 170 achieved on 2 February 2026.

Grevelius made his ATP main draw debut at the 2024 Stockholm Open after receiving a wildcard into the doubles main draw with Filip Bergevi.

Grevelius played college tennis at Georgia before transferring to South Florida.

Filip Bergevi
Filip Bergevi (born 20 April 1994) is a Swedish tennis player. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 116 achieved on 11 November 2024 and a career-high ATP singles ranking of No. 568 was achieved in 21 October 2019.

Bergevi played college tennis at the University of California, Berkeley.
Brad Nimmo
Brad Nimmo (born 3 February 1959) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for North Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the early 1980s.

Nimmo spent two seasons playing at North Melbourne, after a stint in the Essendon reserves, but is best remembered for his 154-game career with Coburg in the Victorian Football Association, which he captained from 1987 to 1991. This included back to back premierships in 1988 and 1989, under coach Phil Cleary. He was later named as the captain and centre half back in Coburg's official 'Team of the Century'.

Phil Cleary
Philip Ronald Cleary (born 8 December 1952) is an Australian political and sport commentator. He is a former Australian rules footballer who played 205 games at the Coburg Football Club, before serving as the member for Wills in the House of Representatives from 1992 until 1996.
WVBN (FM)
WVBN (103.9 MHz) is a radio station licensed to Bronxville, New York. The station is owned by VCY America and features a Christian radio format, consisting of teaching and traditional Christian music. WVBN's transmitter and tower are located on the campus of Montefiore Medical Center in the New York City borough of the Bronx.

Bronxville, New York
Bronxville is a village in Westchester County, New York, United States, located approximately 15 miles (24 km) north of Midtown Manhattan. It is part of the town of Eastchester. The village comprises one square mile (2.5 km2) of land in its entirety, approximately 20% of the town of Eastchester. As of the 2020 U.S. census, Bronxville had a population of 6,656.
2018 Nor.Ca. Men's Handball Championship
The 2018 Nor.Ca. Men's Handball Championship was the second edition of the Men's Nor.Ca. Men's Handball Championship. The tournament was held in Mexico City at the Centro deportivo Olimpico Mexicano from 3 to 8 April 2018. It acted as the North American and Caribbean qualifying tournament for the 2018 Pan American Men's Handball Championship.

2018 Pan American Men's Handball Championship
The 2018 Pan American Men's Handball Championship was the 18th official competition for senior men's national handball teams of North, Central and South America and the Caribbean. It was held from 16 to 24 June 2018 in Nuuk, Greenland. It also acted as the qualifying competition for the 2019 World Men's Handball Championship in Denmark and Germany, securing three vacancies for the World Championship.

Argentina won the tournament for the seventh time after defeating Brazil 29–24 in the final.
Lloyd Peck
Lloyd Peck FRS is a British physiologist who is a scientist with the British Antarctic Survey and affiliated with the Wolfson College, Cambridge. He is known for his research into biological adaptations of animals to extreme cold, in particular sea spiders.

He presented the 2004 Royal Institution Christmas Lectures on surviving in the Antarctic. In 2024 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.

British Antarctic Survey
The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) is the United Kingdom's national polar research institute. It has a dual purpose, to conduct polar science, enabling better understanding of global issues, and to provide an active presence in the Antarctic on behalf of the UK. It is part of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). With over 400 staff, BAS takes an active role in Antarctic affairs, operating five research stations, one ship and five aircraft in both polar regions, as well as addressing key global and regional issues. This involves joint research projects with over 40 UK universities and more than 120 national and international collaborations.

Having taken shape from activities during World War II, it was known as the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey until 1962.