hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Center for New Liberalism
The Center for New Liberalism is a non-profit, 501(c)(4), grassroots organization that advocates for liberal and center-left policy internationally. As of October 2025, CNL has 62 chapters across the world. It is headquartered in Washington, DC.

Social safety net
A social safety net (SSN) consists of non-contributory assistance designed to improve the lives of vulnerable families and individuals experiencing poverty or destitution; much is governmental. Examples of such programs are: previously contributory social pensions, in-kind transfers like food assistance, conditional and unconditional cash transfers, fee waivers, public works, and school feeding programs.
1900 VPI football team
The 1900 VPI football team represented Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute in the 1900 college football season. The team was led by their head coach Eugene Davis and finished with a record of three wins, three losses, and one tie (3–3–1).

Hunter Carpenter used the alias "Walter Brown" because his father had forbidden him to play football.  It was not until his father saw him play in a game in 1900 against Virginia Military Institute in Norfolk, Virginia did he approve.

Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Chapel Hill is a town in the counties of Orange and Durham, North Carolina, United States. Its population was 61,960 in the 2020 United States census, making Chapel Hill the 17th-most populous municipality in the state. Chapel Hill and Durham make up the Durham–Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 608,879 in 2023. When it is combined with Raleigh, the state capital, they make up the corners of the Research Triangle (officially the Raleigh–Durham–Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area), which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.

The town was founded in 1793 and is centered on Franklin Street, covering 21.3 square miles (55 km2). It contains several districts and buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and UNC Health Care are a major part of the economy and town influence. Local artists have created many murals in the town.
International zone
An international zone is any area not fully subject to the border control policies of the state in which it is located. There are several types of international zones ranging from special economic zones and sterile zones at ports of entry exempt from customs rules to concessions over which administration is ceded to one or more foreign states. International zones may also maintain distinct visa policies from the rest of the surrounding state.

1949 Armistice Agreements
The 1949 Armistice Agreements were signed between Israel and Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan, and Syria. They formally ended the hostilities of the 1948 Palestine War and also demarcated the Green Line, which separated Arab-controlled territory (i.e., the Jordanian-annexed West Bank and the Egyptian-occupied Gaza Strip) from Israel until the latter's victory in the 1967 Six-Day War.

To monitor the agreed-upon de facto border, the United Nations (UN) established supervising and reporting agencies; discussions related to the ceasefire's enforcement led to the signing of the separate Tripartite Declaration of 1950, in which the United States, the United Kingdom, and France pledged to take action within and outside of the UN in order to prevent violations of the frontiers. It also outlined their commitment to peace and stability in the area, their opposition to the use or threat of force, and reiterated their opposition to the development of an arms race between Arab countries and Israel.
Ankhi Alamgir
Ankhi Alamgir (born 7 January 1975)  is a Bangladeshi singer and actress. She won the Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Child Artist for her performance in the film Bhat De (1984) and Best Female Playback Singer for the film Ekti Cinemar Golpo (2018). As of 2016, she has released 18 albums. She is the daughter of actor-director Alamgir.

Ekti Cinemar Golpo
Ekti Cinemar Golpo (Bengali: একটি সিনেমার গল্প, lit. 'Story of a film') is a 2018 Bangladeshi film starring Indian actress Rituparna Sengupta and Bangladeshi stars Alamgir, Champa and Arifin Shuvoo. Alamgir produced and directed the film. The film was released on 13 April 2018. This movie is about the people involved with the film industry. The story revolves around a film director, his actress wife, and an aspiring actor.
Industrias Vassallo
Industrias Vassallo, Inc. is a "worldwide leader" in the manufacture and distribution of PVC injection moulded and extruded goods, and manufacturer and distributor of PVC pipes and accessories, related plastics products, and resin furniture.  The company is located in Barrio Coto Laurel in Ponce, Puerto Rico.  In 2004, the company had a workforce of 300 employees and revenues of $51M USD. Its president is Rafael Vassallo. Salvador Vassallo was the company's CEO and president until his death in 2007.

Mega-
Mega is a unit prefix in metric systems of units denoting a factor of one million (106 or 1000000). It has the unit symbol M. It was confirmed for use in the International System of Units (SI) in 1960. Mega comes from Ancient Greek: μέγας, romanized: mégas, lit. 'great'.
Carol Walker
Carol Lee Walker (born 1935) is a retired American mathematician and mathematics textbook author. Walker's early mathematical research, in the 1960s and 1970s, concerned the theory of abelian groups. In the 1990s, her interests shifted to fuzzy logic and fuzzy control systems.

Fuzzy control system
A fuzzy control system is a control system based on fuzzy logic – a mathematical system that analyzes analog input values in terms of  logical variables that take on continuous values between 0 and 1, in contrast to classical or digital logic, which operates on discrete values of either 1 or 0 (true or false, respectively).

Fuzzy logic is widely used in machine control. The term  "fuzzy" refers to the fact that the logic involved can deal with concepts that cannot be expressed as the "true" or "false" but rather as "partially true".  Although alternative approaches such as genetic algorithms and neural networks can perform just as well as fuzzy logic in many cases, fuzzy logic has the advantage that the solution to the problem can be cast in terms that human operators can understand, such that that their experience can be used in the design of the controller.  This makes it easier to mechanize tasks that are already successfully performed by humans.
Bulbophyllum wadsworthii
Bulbophyllum wadsworthii, commonly known as the yellow rope orchid, is a species of epiphytic or lithophytic orchid that forms clumps that hang off the surface on which the plant is growing. The pseudobulbs are small and partly hidden by brown, papery bracts. Each pseudobulb has a single fleshy, dark green leaf and a single star-shaped, cream-coloured or pale green flower with an orange labellum. It mainly grows on trees and rocks in rainforest and is endemic to Queensland.

Lithophyte
Lithophytes are plants that grow in or on rocks.  Epilithic (or epipetric) lithophytes grow on the surfaces of rocks, while endolithic (or chasmophytes) lithophytes grow in the cracks or crevices of rocks. Obligate lithophytes grow solely on rocks, while facultative lithophytes will grow partially on a rock and on another substrate simultaneously.
Rubi (Philippine TV series)
Rubi is a 2010 Philippine television drama series broadcast by ABS-CBN. The series is based on a 2004 Mexican TV series of the same title. Directed by Erick C. Salud, Don M. Cuaresma, Manny Q. Palo and Darnel Joy R. Villaflor, it stars Angelica Panganiban, Jake Cuenca, Shaina Magdayao and Diether Ocampo. It aired on the network's Primetime Bida line up and worldwide on TFC from February 15 to August 13, 2010, replacing Pinoy Big Brother: Double Up and was replaced by Precious Hearts Romances Presents: Kristine.

The main difference of this teleserye to others is that the lead character, Rubi, is an anti-heroine dubbed as "Ang Bidang-Kontrabida" (The Villainous Protagonist). She is vain, scheming and manipulative but still has heart, but chose not to listen to her conscience to reach her high ambitions.

The series was streaming online on Jeepney TV YouTube channel.

Jeepney TV
Jeepney TV is a Philippine pay television channel owned and operated by Creative Programs, a subsidiary of ABS-CBN Corporation. Its programming features classic television programs produced by ABS-CBN, as well as extended versions of some with scenes that were not originally aired on the main network. The channel was named after the jeepney, a vehicle widely used for public transportation in the Philippines.

A video-on-demand service for Jeepney TV programs is also available worldwide via iWant and TFC IPTV.
CCU delivery
Customer Configuration Updating (CCU) is a software development method for structuring the process of providing customers with new versions of products and updates production. This method is developed by researchers of the Utrecht University.

The delivery phase of the CCU method concerns the process which starts at the moment a product is finished until the actual shipping of the product to the customer.

Sjaak Brinkkemper
Jacobus Nicolaas (Sjaak) Brinkkemper (born Monnickendam, 18 January 1958) is a Dutch computer scientist, and Full Professor of organisation and information at the Department of Information and Computing Sciences of Utrecht University.
Ji Qi
Ji Qi is the personal name of:

Hou Ji or Ji Qi (Chinese: 姬棄; pinyin: Jī Qì), legendary Chinese cultural hero from the early Xia dynasty

Duke Min of Lu or Ji Qi (Chinese: 姬啟; pinyin: Jī Qĭ, died 660 BC), ruler of Lu

Marquis Qi of Cai or Ji Qi (Chinese: 姬齊; pinyin: Jī Qí, fl. 450–447 BC), last ruler of Cai (state)

Cai (state)
Cai (Chinese: 蔡; pinyin: Cài; Old Chinese: *s.r̥ˤat-s) was an ancient Chinese state established at the beginning of the Zhou dynasty, rising to prominence during the Spring and Autumn period, and destroyed early in the Warring States period.
Sorabji Mehta
Sorabji Mehta (1904 – 2 May 1988) was an Indian cricketer. He played 22 first-class matches for Hyderabad between 1937 and 1953. He also played first-class cricket for the Parsees in the 1930s and 1940s, and served as the chairman of the Hyderabad Cricket Association. His son Naushir Mehta also played first-class cricket.

Parsis cricket team
The Parsis (a.k.a. Parsees) cricket team was an Indian first-class cricket team which took part in the annual Bombay tournament. The team was founded by members of the Zoroastrian community in Bombay. It is affiliated to Mumbai Cricket Association.

Many players of Parsis cricket team played for Mumbai cricket team as well as India national cricket team.
Hadrumetum
Hadrumetum, also known by many variant spellings and names, was a Phoenician colony that pre-dated Carthage. It subsequently became one of the most important cities in Roman Africa before Vandal and Umayyad conquerors left it ruined. In the early modern period, it was the village of Hammeim, now part of Sousse, Tunisia.

A number of punic steles were found during excavations at the site of the modern day Église Notre-Dame-de-l'Immaculée-Conception de Sousse.

Colonia (Roman)
A Roman colonia (pl.: coloniae) was originally a settlement of Roman citizens, establishing a Roman outpost in federated or conquered territory, for the purpose of securing it. Eventually, however, the term came to denote the highest status of a Roman city. It is also the origin of the modern term "colony".
Cubic 22
Cubic 22 were a Belgian electronic music project, made up of producers, Peter Ramson (AKA Jos Borremans), a veteran of the new beat era, and Danny Van Wauwe, who also went on to issue material under various pseudonyms.

The duo were a part of the burgeoning house music scene that was starting to become popular in the UK, and released many songs prior to hitting it big with their sole single success.

That track, "Night in Motion", crossed over from the clubs to the pop chart in June 1991, eventually peaking at #15 after only three weeks. The group appeared on Top of the Pops on June 27, 1991. This would be the last of the group's singles to chart on the UK Singles Chart, however they charted many more songs on the UK Dance Chart.

"Night in Motion" is featured in Dance Dance Revolution 4th Mix and Dance Dance Revolution Ultramix 2 as a playable song.  The main synth hook of the track was sampled and reproduced in Strike's mid-90s house chart hit U Sure Do.

Duet
A duet (Italian: duo or duetto) is a musical composition for two performers in which the performers have equal importance to the piece, often a composition involving two singers or two pianists. It differs from a harmony, as the performers take turns performing a solo section rather than performing simultaneously. A piece performed by two pianists performing together on the same piano is a "piano duet" or "piano four hands". A piece for two pianists performing together on separate pianos is a "piano duo".

"Duet" is also used as a verb for the act of performing a musical duet, or colloquially as a noun to refer to the performers of a duet.

A musical ensemble with more than two solo instruments or voices is called a trio, quartet, quintet, sextet, septet, octet, etc.
St Bees Head RSPB reserve
St Bees Head RSPB Reserve at St Bees Head, Cumbria, England, is a coastal site which provides a home for thousands of seabirds under the care of the RSPB. The birds include kittiwakes, fulmars, guillemots, razorbills, cormorants, Atlantic puffins, shags and herring gulls. It is the only breeding place in England for black guillemots.
The rock pipit, which breeds on rocky coasts, is known to breed in only one other site in Cumbria.

As well as the seabirds already mentioned, other birds which regularly breed at St Bees Head include the tawny owl, sparrowhawk, peregrine and the common raven.

In partnership with Natural England, the National Trust and local government authorities, the RSPB has also been involved in a project to improve coastal habitats outside the reserve.  One aim is to have suitable grassland to support the return of the chough.

Natural England
Natural England is a non-departmental public body in the United Kingdom sponsored by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. It is responsible for ensuring that England's natural environment, including its land, flora and fauna, freshwater and marine environments, geology and soils, are protected and enhanced. It also has a responsibility to help people enjoy, understand and access the natural environment.

Natural England focuses its activities and resources on four strategic outcomes:

a healthy natural environment

enjoyment of the natural environment

sustainable use of the natural environment

a secure environmental future
Varda Viaduct
The Varda Viaduct (Turkish: Varda Köprüsü), aka Giaour Dere Viaduct, locally known as "Alman Köprüsü" or "Koca Köprü" (literally: German Viaduct or Big Viaduct), is a railway viaduct situated at Hacıkırı (Kıralan) village in Karaisalı district of Adana Province in southern Turkey. Designed and built by Imperial German engineers as part of the Baghdad Railway (Haydarpaşa Terminal, Istanbul-Baghdad), the stone arch structure is 63 km (39 mi) from Adana Central Station and 306 km (190 mi) from Konya.

Adana railway station
Adana station (Turkish: Adana garı) is a railway station in Adana and the major railway hub of the region. The station is located at the İstasyon Square, in Kurtuluş, Seyhan.

The Central Station is steps away from the Vilayet Metro station and the Adana Provincial Hall. It surrounds the İstasyon Square together with the Central Post Office, Türk Telekom and TCDD Regional Headquarters.
2020 Le Samyn des Dames
The 2020 Le Samyn des Dames was the sixth running of the women's Le Samyn, a women's bicycle race in Hainaut, Belgium. It was held on 3 March 2020 over a distance of 94.9 kilometres (59.0 miles) starting in Quaregnon and finishing in Dour. It was rated by the UCI as a 1.2 category race.

Quaregnon
Quaregnon (French pronunciation: [kaʁɲɔ̃]; Picard: Couargnon; Walloon: Cargnon) is a municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.

On 1 January 2018 Quaregnon had a total population of 19,006. The total area is 11.08 km2 which gives a population density of 1,716 inhabitants per km2.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Quaregnon and Wasmuel.
1984 Benson and Hedges Open
The 1984 Benson and Hedges Open was a men's Grand Prix tennis tournament held in Auckland, New Zealand and played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 17th edition of the tournament and was held 9–15 January 1984. Unseeded Danny Saltz won the singles title.

Chip Hooper
Chip Hooper (born October 24, 1958) is a former tennis player from the United States, who won five doubles titles during his professional career.

The right-handed Hooper reached his highest ATP singles ranking of World No. 17 in April 1982

Hooper played collegiately at Memphis State University (now University of Memphis) and the University of Arkansas.

Currently, he is working as a private tennis coach in Miami.
Tân Sơn Nhì
Tân Sơn Nhì (Vietnamese: Phường Tân Sơn Nhì) is a ward of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. It is one of the 168 new wards, communes and special zones of the city following the reorganization in 2025.

The ward is the site of the AEON MALL Tân Phú Celadon, the first Aeon Mall in Vietnam.

2025 Vietnamese administrative reform
As part of broader institutional reforms in 2024 and 2025, the Communist Party and Government of Vietnam announced the Plan to Arrange and Merge Administrative Units (Vietnamese: Phương án sắp xếp và sáp nhập đơn vị hành chính, lit. 'Project for [re]organising and merging administrative units'). As part of the re-organisation, the district level of units is to be eliminated and the number of local government units at the provincial and communal levels are to be reduced by around 50%. A constitutional amendment will be required to eliminate the district level of local authorities. It is also considered a transition period to revise the Vietnamese constitution and legal system. On 1 July 2025, Vietnam implemented its most extensive administrative reform in decades, merging 63 provinces and cities down to 34 first-level subdivisions and eliminating the district level entirely.
Perseis (Paeonia)
Perseis (Ancient Greek: Περσηΐς) was a city of ancient Paeonia founded by Philip V of Macedon and named after Perseus. The city's exact location has not be confirmed, but Livy tells us that it was near Stobi. The editors of the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World suggest a site near Črnobuki in North Macedonia.

Philip V of Macedon
Philip V (Greek: Φίλιππος, romanized: Philippos; 238 BC – 179 BC) was king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon from 221 to 179 BC. Philip's reign was principally marked by the Social War in Greece (220-217 BC) and a struggle with the emerging power of the Roman Republic. He would lead Macedon against Rome in the First (212-205 BC) and Second (200-196 BC) Macedonian Wars. While he lost the latter, Philip later allied with Rome against Antiochus III in the Roman-Seleucid War. He died in 179 BC from illness after efforts to recover the military and economic condition of Macedonia and passed the throne onto his elder son, Perseus of Macedon.
1939 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
The 1939 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship was the 11th staging of the All-Ireland Minor Football Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county Gaelic football tournament for boys under the age of 18.

Cavan entered the championship as defending champions, however, they were defeated by Monaghan in a replay of the Ulster final.

On 24 September 1939, Roscommon won the championship following a 1-9 to 1-7 defeat of Monaghan in the All-Ireland final. This was their first All-Ireland title.

Monaghan GAA
The Monaghan County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Luthchleas Gael Coiste Mhuineacháin) or Monaghan GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Monaghan and the Monaghan county football and hurling teams. Separate county boards are responsible for the promotion & development of handball, camogie and ladies' football within the county, as well as having responsibility for their representative county players/teams. The current team sponsor of Monaghan GAA is Activ8 Solar Energies.
Encore (Eminem song)
"Encore" (stylized as "ƎNCORE" and sometimes known as "Curtains Down") is a song by American rapper Eminem featuring 50 Cent and Dr. Dre. It was written by the artists alongside Chris Pope, Mike Elizondo, and Mark Batson, the latter of which produced it with Dr. Dre. The title track from the Eminem album of the same name, it was released in 2004 as the third single on vinyl in the U.S. and is the final track from the album.

The song was nominated for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group at the Grammy Awards of 2006, but lost to Black Eyed Peas song "Don't Phunk with My Heart". No music video was filmed for this song. Eminem, Dre and 50 Cent would later return to work together on the song "Crack a Bottle" from Relapse. On Encore, "One Shot 2 Shot" segues into the skit "Final Thought", which then segues into Encore, which also segues into the "Curtains Down" skit.

Grammy Award for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group
The Grammy Award for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group was awarded between 1991 and 2011, alongside the Grammy Award for Best Rap Solo Performance.  Previously a single award was presented for Best Rap Performance.

The award was discontinued in 2012. All solo and duo/group rap performances have since been shifted to the revived Best Rap Performance category.

Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were presented, for music released from October a year and a half prior to September the previous year.
Clifton and Aplin
Clifton and Aplin was a mercantile business in North Queensland, Australia. It was one of the pioneering businesses in Townsville and the Gulf of Carpentaria. It later became Aplin Brown & Company, and later Aplin Brown & Crawshay.

North Queensland
North Queensland or the Northern Region is the northern part of the Australian state of Queensland that lies just south of Far North Queensland. Queensland is a massive state, larger than many countries, and its tropical northern part has been historically remote and undeveloped, resulting in a distinctive regional character and identity.  The region is prone to floods and cyclones.

The region has a population of 231,628 and covers 80,041.5 km2 (30,904.2 sq mi).