hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Canik Arms
CANiK is a Turkish firearms manufacturer operating under the Samsun Yurt Savunma (SYS) Company. It was established in 1998 as part of the Eastern Black Sea Arms Project. The company's headquarters is located in Istanbul and its production facility is located in Samsun on the Black Sea coast. The arms are used in 69 countries by law enforcement, civilians and competition shooters. The company is known for its TP9 (Tactical Pistol 9 mm) series pistols.

As of 2021, the company is the 7th largest small arms producer in the world.

Samsun
Samsun is a city on the north coast of Turkey and a major Black Sea port. The urban area recorded a population of 738,692 in 2022. The city is the capital of Samsun Province which has a population of 1,382,376. The city is home to Ondokuz Mayıs University, several hospitals, three large shopping malls, Samsunspor football club, an opera house and a large and modern manufacturing district. The city is best known as the place where Mustafa Kemal Atatürk began the Turkish War of Independence in 1919.
Where My Girls At?
"Where My Girls At?" is a song by American R&B/pop group 702, released by Motown as the first single from their self-titled second album, on April 5, 1999, in the United States, followed by a United Kingdom release on July 26, 1999.

Often considered the group's signature song, "Where My Girls At?" was an international hit, peaking within the top 30 on the charts in many countries. The song spent thirty weeks in the top 20 on the Billboard Hot 100, giving the group their second top 10 US song; it was the No. 11 song of the year on the Billboard 1999 year-end chart. "Where My Girls At?" earned a Lady of Soul Award nomination for "Best R&B/Soul Single – Group, Band or Duo" in 1999.

The song was written as a female anthem. Elliott, who co-wrote the song, noted that "Where My Girls At?" was a song that she wanted female listeners to hear and relate to.

702 (album)
702 is the second studio album by American R&B group 702. It was released on June 15, 1999, by Motown. The album peaked at number thirty-four on the Billboard 200 chart. By November 2002, it was certified platinum in sales by the RIAA, after sales exceeding 1,000,000 copies in the United States.
John Tayloe III
Colonel John Tayloe III (September 2, 1770 – March 23, 1828) was an American planter, merchant, politician, and banker. Although his father and grandfather had served on the Virginia governor's council, Tayloe like his father sided with the Patriot cause during the American Revolution and then served in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly. A successful planter, businessman, banker, director, and early Thoroughbred breeder/importer, he was considered the "wealthiest man of his day".

The Tayloe family of Richmond County, including his father, John Tayloe II, and grandfather, John Tayloe I, exemplified gentry entrepreneurship by the diversifying business interests utilizing agriculture to begin vertically integrating their supply chain including shipbuilding and iron production to satisfy transportation needs.

King George County, Virginia
King George County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population sits at 26,723. Its county seat is the census designated place of King George. The county's largest employer is the U.S. Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division. It is adjacent to the newly built, four-lane, 2-mile-long (3.2 km) Harry W. Nice Memorial Bridge carrying U.S. Highway 301 over the Potomac River.
It contains the ZIP codes 22448 (Dahlgren) and 22485 (all other areas within King George). It is within the area code 540 and contains the exchanges: 775, 644, 663, and 653.
Parallelizable manifold
In mathematics, a differentiable manifold  of dimension n is called parallelizable if there exist smooth vector fields

on the manifold, such that at every point  of  the tangent vectors

provide a basis of the tangent space at .  Equivalently, the tangent bundle is a trivial bundle, so that the associated principal bundle of linear frames has a global section on

A particular choice of such a basis of vector fields on  is called a parallelization (or an absolute parallelism) of .

Smoothness
In mathematical analysis, the smoothness of a function is a property measured by the number of continuous derivatives it has over its domain.

A function of class  is a function of smoothness at least k;  that is, a function of class  is a function that has a kth derivative that is continuous in its domain.

A function of class  or -function (pronounced C-infinity function) is an infinitely   differentiable function, that is, a function that has derivatives of all orders (this implies that all these derivatives are continuous).

Generally, the term smooth function refers to a -function. However, it may also mean "sufficiently differentiable" for the problem under consideration.
Aurigny
Aurigny Air Services Limited (pronounced /ˈɔːrɪni/), commonly known as Aurigny, is the flag carrier airline of the Bailiwick of Guernsey with its head office next to Guernsey Airport in the Channel Islands, and wholly owned by the States of Guernsey since nationalisation in 2003. It operates regular passenger and freight services to the Channel Islands, France, the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom. Its main base is situated next to Guernsey Airport, with other aircraft and crew based at Alderney Airport. Aurigny is one of the longest serving regional airlines in the world, and is the second oldest established airline in Britain after Loganair. The origin of its name lies in the cognate across Norman languages for Alderney.

Cognate
In historical linguistics, cognates or lexical cognates are sets of words that have been inherited in direct descent from an etymological ancestor in a common parent language.

Because language change can have radical effects on both the sound and the meaning of a word, cognates may not be obvious, and it often takes rigorous study of historical sources and the application of the comparative method to establish whether lexemes are cognate.  It can also happen that words which appear similar, or identical, in different languages, are not cognate.

Cognates are distinguished from loanwords, where a word has been borrowed from another language.
Leonów, Zgierz County
Leonów [lɛˈɔnuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zgierz, within Zgierz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) north of Zgierz and 15 km (9 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

Zgierz County
Zgierz County (Polish: powiat zgierski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Zgierz, which lies 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź. The county contains four other towns: Ozorków, lying 16 km (10 mi) north-west of Zgierz, Aleksandrów Łódzki, lying 9 km (6 mi) south-west of Zgierz, Głowno, 24 km (15 mi) north-east of Zgierz, and Stryków, 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Zgierz.

The county covers an area of 853.71 square kilometres (329.6 sq mi). As of 2016, its total population is 165,206, out of which the population of Zgierz is 56,929, that of Ozorków is 19,809, that of Aleksandrów Łódzki is 21,380, that of Głowno is 14,534, that of Stryków is 3,477, and the rural population is 49,077.
Sanesan invasion of Armenia (335–336)
The Sanesan invasion of Armenia was a military conflict fought c. 335–336 between the Kingdom of Armenia, ruled by King Khosrov III the Small, and a coalition led by Sanesan, the Arsacid king of the Maskut.

Following the death of Tiridates III of Armenia, Sanesan—also identified in some historical sources as Sanatruk—took advantage of the succession crisis to advance his claims. He formed an alliance with the Alans and the Caucasian Albanians, assembling a diverse force that included these allies, nomadic groups such as the Huns, and various Caucasian peoples.

Sanesan claimed the Armenian throne through his Arsacid lineage, which he shared with the Armenian royal house.

Sanesan
Sanesan (Armenian: Սանեսան) or Sanatruk (Armenian: Սանատրուկ) was the king of Maskut in the early 4th century. Sanesan's people, the Mazk'kut'k, have variously been identified as the Massagetae or as the Meskheti.
History of the Canadian Pacific Railway
The history of the Canadian Pacific Railway dates back to 1873. Together with the Canadian Confederation, the creation of the Canadian Pacific Railway was a task originally undertaken as the "National Dream" by the Conservative government of Prime Minister John A. Macdonald (1st Canadian Ministry). A key component of his National Policy, Macdonald was helped by Alexander Tilloch Galt, who was the owner of the North Western Coal and Navigation Company. British Columbia, a four-month sea voyage away from the East Coast, had insisted upon a land transport link to the East as a condition for joining Confederation, after initially requesting a wagon road.

Port Moody
Port Moody is a city in British Columbia, Canada, and a member municipality of the Metro Vancouver Regional District. It envelops the east end of Burrard Inlet and is the smallest of the Tri-Cities, bordered by Coquitlam on the east and south and by Burnaby on the west. The villages of Belcarra and Anmore, along with the rugged Coast Mountains, lie to the northwest and north, respectively. It is named for Richard Clement Moody, who was the founder and the first Lieutenant-Governor of the Colony of British Columbia.
Small nucleolar RNA SNORD61
In molecular biology, snoRNA U61 (also known as SNORD61)  is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

snoRNA U61 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.

U61 snoRNA was cloned from HeLa cells and is predicted to guide the 2'O-ribose methylation of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residue U1442.

Nucleolus
The nucleolus (/njuːˈkliːələs, ˌnjuːkliˈoʊləs/; pl.: nucleoli /-laɪ/) is the largest structure in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is best known as the site of ribosome biogenesis. The nucleolus also participates in the formation of signal recognition particles and plays a role in the cell's response to stress. Nucleoli are made of proteins, DNA and RNA, and form around specific chromosomal regions called nucleolar organizing regions.  Malfunction of the nucleolus is the cause of several human conditions called "nucleolopathies" and the nucleolus is being investigated as a target for cancer chemotherapy.
Beer Lovers Party (Russia)
The Beer Lovers Party (PLP; Russian: Партия любителей пива; ПЛП; Partiya lyubiteley piva, PLP) was created in Russia on December 26, 1993, and officially registered on August 9, 1994. By the moment of registration the party listed 1,700 members.

1995 Russian legislative election
Legislative elections was held in Russia on 17 December 1995 to elect all 450 seats in the 2nd State Duma of the Russian Federation.

The anti-government Communist Party won a total of 157 seats, the most deputies of any single bloc in the chamber. The pro-government Our Home – Russia came second with 55 seats, with the far-right Liberal Democratic Party of Russia falling to third place with 51. As well as the fourth placed Yabloko, only these four parties crossed the 5% threshold to win party-list seats.
Deep Lab
Deep Lab is a women's collective group composed of artists, researchers, writers, engineers, and cultural producers.  These women are involved in critical assessments of contemporary digital culture and, together, work to exploit the potential for creative inquiry lying dormant in the deep web. Outside of Deep Lab, the members engage in activities that range from magazine editing, journalism, various forms of activism, and teaching. The collective's research spans a variety of topics including privacy, code, surveillance, art, social hacking, capitalism, race, anonymity, 21st century infrastructures, and practical skills for real-world applications. Deep Lab draws influence from Experiments in Art and Technology (E.A.T.), Cypherpunks, Guerrilla Girls, Free Art and Technology Lab (F.A.T.), Chaos Computer Club, and Radical Software.

Experiments in Art and Technology
Experiments in Art and Technology (E.A.T.), a non-profit and tax-exempt organization, was established in 1967 to develop collaborations between artists and engineers. The group operated by facilitating person-to-person contacts between artists and engineers, rather than defining a formal process for cooperation. E.A.T. initiated and carried out projects that expanded the role of the artist in contemporary society and helped explore the separation of the individual from technological change.
Raitis Puriņš
Raitis Puriņš (born 20 May 1988) is a Latvian handball player for Celtnieks Rīga and the Latvian national team.

He represented Latvia at the 2020 European Men's Handball Championship. This was Latvias first ever appearance at a major international tournament. They finished 24th out of 24 teams.

Latvia men's national handball team
The Latvia national handball team is the national handball team of Latvia and is controlled by the Latvian Handball Federation. It has competed since 1993, playing its opening match in the 1994 European Championship qualifiers against Cyprus on 15 April 1993 in Nicosia, winning 32:28.

In 2019 the team qualified for the 2020 European Championships for the first time in their history, previously reaching the qualification play-off stage in 2005. The team has not yet qualified for neither the Olympic Games nor World Championships, with their best results so far being participation in the world qualifiers play-offs in 2004 and 2016.

To this date Andris Gulbis has had the longest stint managing the team, working in 1998 and from 2005 to 2010. From 2017 til the end of Euro 2020 the team was  managed by former player Armands Uščins. The current head coach is Sandris Veršakovs.
Panamalai
Panamalai lies 23 kilometers from Gingee, Viluppuram district in Tamil Nadu, India. The site is known as a location to various ancient structural temples built during the Pallava dynasty. One of them is the Talagirisvara Temple.

Viluppuram district
Viluppuram district, also known as Villupuram district or Vizhuppuram district, is one of the 38 districts that make up the state of Tamil Nadu, India. It was founded on 30 September 1993, prior to which it was part of the Cuddalore district. Vizhuppuram district lies in the way of the national highway connecting Tiruchirappalli and Chennai, and contains historical landmarks like the 500 year-old Gingee Fort.
Paul J. Kern
Paul John Kern (born 16 June 1945) is a retired United States Army general and businessman. He served as Commanding General of the United States Army Materiel Command from October 2001 to November 2004. He became President and Chief Operating Officer of AM General LLC on 1 August 2008.

United States Army Materiel Command
The United States Army Materiel Command (AMC) is the primary provider of materiel to the United States Army via its contracting support brigades.

AMC operates depots; arsenals; ammunition plants; and other facilities, and maintains the Army's prepositioned stocks, both on land and afloat. The command is also the Department of Defense Executive Agent for conventional ammunition and the U.S. chemical weapons stockpile.

AMC is responsible for the business of selling United States Army equipment and services to allies of the United States and negotiates and implements agreements for co-production of U.S. weapons systems by other states.
Challenger Middle School
Challenger Middle School could refer to:

Challenger Middle School (Alabama), a public school located in Huntsville, Alabama, United States

Challenger Middle School (California), a school located in San Diego, California, United States

Challenger Middle School (Colorado), a school located in Academy School District 20 of Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States

Challenger Middle School (Florida), a school located in Cape Coral, Florida, United States

Huntsville City Schools
Huntsville City Schools is the school district serving Huntsville, Alabama. As of the 2016–17 school year, the system had 24,083 students and employed 1,697 teachers. The district oversees 36 schools: 26 PreK-elementary schools, 11 middle schools, 6 high schools, 1 Virtual School, and 3 magnet schools.

The school system finished the 2010 fiscal year with a debt of nearly $20 million the largest of any school system in Alabama by a significant margin. However, after Casey Wardynski was appointed superintendent, he worked to erase the school system's debt and bring the budget into surplus.

It is partially within Madison County, and partially in Limestone County.
Vasileios Reppas
Vasileios Reppas (Greek: Βασίλειος Ρέππας; born 4 November 1988 in Athens) is a Greek amateur track cyclist. He has won the men's sprint title at the 2007 Greek national championships, and later represented his nation Greece at the 2008 Summer Olympics.

Reppas qualified for the Greek squad in two track cycling events at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing by receiving a berth for his team based on the nation's selection process from the UCI Track World Rankings. Teaming with Athanasios Mantzouranis and Panagiotis Voukelatos in the men's sprint race, held on the first day of track cycling, Reppas recorded a time of 45.645 and a speed of 59.152 km/h to deliver the Greek trio a tenth-place finish in the prelims. The following day, in the men's individual sprint, Reppas posted a nineteenth-place time of 10.966 and an average speed of 65.657 km/h for his flying, 200 m opening time trial, narrowly missing out the first round matches by four tenths of a second (0.4).

Cycling at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's sprint
The men's sprint at the 2008 Summer Olympics took place on August 17–19 at the Laoshan Velodrome. There were 21 competitors from 15 nations, with each nation limited to two cyclists. The event was won by Chris Hoy of Great Britain, the nation's first victory in the men's sprint and first medal in the event since 1948. He faced his teammate Jason Kenny in the final, the first time since 1984 that one nation had taken the top two spots. Mickaël Bourgain of France earned bronze. Germany's four-Games (five if East Germany before unification is included) podium streak ended.
Icabad Crane
Icabad Crane (foaled April 9, 2005, in New York) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse by Jump Start out of Adorahy.  In February 2007, he was purchased as a two-year-old at the Ocala Breeders Sale for $110,000.

Icabad Crane is consistent, finishing in the money in 23 out of his 29 starts for his trainer H. Graham Motion.

Pimlico Race Course
Pimlico Race Course is a thoroughbred horse racetrack in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is most famous for hosting the Preakness Stakes, the second leg of the Triple Crown. Its name is derived from the 1660s when English settlers named the area where the facility currently stands in honor of Olde Ben Pimlico's Tavern in London. The racetrack is nicknamed "Old Hilltop" after a small rise in the infield that became a favorite gathering place for thoroughbred trainers and race enthusiasts.

Pimlico was owned by the Stronach Group from 2011 until 2024, when ownership transferred to the state-run Maryland Thoroughbred Racetrack Operating Authority (MTROA). Pimlico closed for renovations in September 2024, with all of Pimlico's racing dates except for the 2025 Preakness Stakes transferred to Laurel Park until the project is completed.
Fahri Kasırga
Fahri Kasırga (born 20 January 1953, Rize, Turkey) is a Turkish lawyer and the current Secretary General of the Presidency of Turkey. In accordance with Article 114 of the Constitution of Turkey, he has served as a non-party Minister of Justice until the 2007 general elections, after which he joined the Justice and Development Party of Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.

He graduated from Istanbul University in 1977.

Constitution of Turkey
The Constitution of Turkey, formally known as the Constitution of the Republic of Türkiye (Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasası), and informally as the Constitution of 1982 (Turkish: 1982 Anayasası), is Turkey's fundamental law. It establishes the organization of the government, and sets out the principles and rules of the state's conduct along with its responsibilities in regard to its citizens. The constitution also establishes the rights and responsibilities of the latter while setting the guidelines for the delegation and exercise that sovereignty belongs entirely and without doubt to the people.

The constitution was ratified on 7 November 1982. It replaced the earlier Constitution of 1961. The constitution was amended 21 times, three of them through a referendum: 2007, 2010, 2017, one of them partly through referendum: 1987. As of April 2017, 117 of the 177 articles of the Constitution of 1982 were amended overall.
George Clinton Presents Our Gang Funky
George Clinton Presents Our Gang Funky a various artists CD compilation released in 1989. The album was released by MCA Records in the U.S., and showcases various newly developed performers coming out of the P-Funk stable at the end of the eighties. The album was produced by George Clinton, Garry Shider, and Mark Davis.

George Clinton (funk musician)
George Edward Clinton (born July 22, 1941) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and bandleader. His Parliament-Funkadelic collective (which primarily recorded under the distinct band names Parliament and Funkadelic) developed an influential and eclectic form of funk music during the 1970s that drew on Afrofuturism, outlandish fashion, psychedelia, and surreal humor. He launched his solo career with the 1982 album Computer Games and would go on to influence 1990s hip-hop and G-funk.

Clinton is regarded, along with James Brown and Sly Stone, as one of the foremost innovators of funk music. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1997, alongside 15 other members of Parliament-Funkadelic. In 2019, he and Parliament-Funkadelic were given Grammy Lifetime Achievement Awards.
Ferenc Kiss (actor)
Ferenc Kiss (16 April 1892 – 13 August 1978) was a Hungarian actor. He appeared in more than fifty films from 1921 to 1977.

He was the first President of the Hungarian Film Chamber and was outspokenly antisemitic at a time when Anti-Jewish Laws were restricting Hungarian Jews from participating in the Hungarian Film Industry. At his trial in December 1945 following the Second World War he insisted he was following the will of his members.

Anti-Jewish laws
Anti-Jewish laws have been a common occurrence throughout the history of antisemitism and Jewish history. Examples of such laws include special Jewish quotas, Jewish taxes and Jewish "disabilities".

During the 1930s and early 1940s, some laws were adopted in Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. During World War II, they were exported to European Axis powers and puppet states. Such legislation generally defined Jews, deprived them of a variety of civil, political, and economic rights, and laid the groundwork for expropriation, deportation, and ultimately, they laid the groundwork for the Holocaust.