hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Monterey (Odessa, Delaware)
Monterey is a historic home located near Odessa, New Castle County, Delaware.  It was built about 1850, and is a two-story, five bay brick house with an original ell to the rear and a frame, two-story addition to the extreme rear.  It is of full Georgian plan - center hall, double pile and in the Greek Revival style. It has a one-bay entrance portico with a flat-roof and balustraded parapet.  Also on the property are a contributing smokehouse, carriage house, ice house, granary, and frame octagonal privy.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Ice house (building)
An ice house or icehouse is a building used to store ice throughout the year, commonly used prior to the invention of the refrigerator. Some were underground chambers, usually man-made, located near natural sources of winter ice, such as freshwater lakes, but many were buildings with various types of insulation.

During the winter, ice and snow would be cut from lakes or rivers, taken into the ice house, and packed with insulation (often straw or sawdust). It would remain frozen for many months, often until the following winter, and could be used as a source of ice during the summer months.

The main application of ice was food preservation, but it could also be used to cool drinks or to prepare desserts such as ice cream and sorbet. During the heyday of the ice trade, a typical commercial ice house would store 2,700 tonnes (3,000 short tons) of ice in a 9-by-30-metre (30 by 100 ft) and 14-metre-high (45 ft) building.
Ontario Telephone Service Commission
The Ontario Telephone Service Commission (OTSC) was a quasi-judicial regulatory agency which regulated independent telephone companies (that is, those other than Bell Canada) in Ontario, Canada. It reported to the provincial legislature through the minister of transportation and communications.

It served as the regulator for the independent companies until April 26, 1994, when a decision by the Supreme Court of Canada in the case Téléphone Guevremont Inc. v. Quebec (Régie des télécommunications), [1994] 1 S.C.R. 878
transferred Canada's provincially regulated telephone companies to federal jurisdiction, meaning that they would be regulated by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission.

Regulation
Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context. For example:

in government, typically regulation (or its plural) refers to the delegated legislation which is adopted to enforce primary legislation; including land-use regulation

in economy: regulatory economics

in finance: financial regulation

in business, industry self-regulation occurs through self-regulatory organizations and trade associations which allow industries to set and enforce rules with less government involvement; and,

in biology, gene regulation and metabolic regulation allow living organisms to adapt to their environment and maintain homeostasis;

in psychology, self-regulation theory is the study of how individuals regulate their thoughts and behaviors to reach goals.
El Djouf
El Djouf (Arabic: الجوف) is a desert, an arid natural region of sand dunes and rock salt which covers northeastern Mauritania and part of northwestern Mali. El Djouf is a part of the Sahara Desert in the north. El Djouf is 320 meters (1,050 feet) above sea level.

A meteorite of a rare type of carbonaceous chondrite was found in El Djouf in October 1989.

Aridity
Aridity is the condition of geographical regions which make up approximately 43% of total global available land area, characterized by low annual precipitation, increased temperatures, and limited water availability. These areas tend to fall upon degraded soils, and their health and functioning are key necessities of regulating ecosystems’ atmospheric components.
Carl Friedrich von Gerber
Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Gerber, since 1859 von Gerber (11 April 1823 – 23 December 1891) was a Saxon politician and one of Germany's leading jurists of his time.

Born to a Thuringian family in Ebeleben, Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, Gerber studied law in Jena and taught it in Erlangen after 1847, in Jena in 1862 and in Leipzig after 1863. He is often mentioned as a leading scholar of civil law together with his friend Rudolf von Jhering, and his views also helped shape the development of constitutional law in Germany.

In 1867, he was elected to the North German Reichstag, and became North German minister of culture in 1871. He held that post until in 1891, shortly before his death, he was appointed chief minister of the Saxon government.

Gerber married Rosalie von Bloedau in 1848, with whom he had three children. After her death in 1859, he married her sister Helene von Bloedau, with whom he had two children.

Reichstag (North German Confederation)
The Reichstag (German: [ˈʁaɪçstaːk] ⓘ) of the North German Confederation was the federal state's lower house of parliament. The popularly elected Reichstag was responsible for federal legislation together with the Bundesrat, the upper house whose members were appointed by the governments of the individual states to represent their interests. Executive power lay with the Bundesrat and the king of Prussia acting as Bundespräsidium, or head of state. The Reichstag debated and approved or rejected taxes and expenditures and could propose laws in its own right. To become effective, all laws required the approval of both the Bundesrat and the Reichstag. Voting rights in Reichstag elections were advanced for the time, granting universal, equal, and secret suffrage to men above the age of 25.

When the German Empire was established in 1871, the North German Reichstag formed the basis of the new Reichstag of the German Empire.
Indian Super League Winning Pass of the League
The Indian Super League Winning Pass of the League is an annual association football award presented to the leading assist provider in an Indian Super League season.

The Indian Super League was founded in 2013, eight teams competed in the 2014 inaugural season. It became the joint top-tier of Indian football league system by 2017–18 season and is the top-tier since 2022–23 season.

Indian Super League Winning Pass of the League was first awarded in 2016 and 2017–18 seasons for the best assist provided in the Indian Super League playoff finals. Since 2018–19 season, it has been awarded to the leading assist provider of a given Indian Super League season. Sameehg Doutie of ATK won the first award in 2016 and Arnold Issoko of Mumbai City won in 2018–19. The current holder is Alberto Noguera of Goa who won in 2020–21.

2018–19 Indian Super League
The 2018–19 Indian Super League season was the fifth season of the Indian Super League, one of the top Indian professional football leagues. It was established in 2013. The regular season began on 29 September 2018 and concluded on 17 March 2019. The league took a mid-season break for around one month from 17 December 2018 to early January 2019 due to India's participation in the 2019 AFC Asian Cup.

Chennaiyin were the defending champions, having defeated Bengaluru in the 2018 final, however they did not qualify for the playoffs having finished the last in the regular season. Bengaluru FC won their maiden title by defeating FC Goa 1–0 in the final which was held on 17 March 2019. Bengaluru FC became the first team who won the ISL trophy as well as after topped the league stage.
Captain Barbell (2011 TV series)
Captain Barbell (trans. / international title: Captain Barbell: The Return) is a 2011 Philippine television drama action fantasy series broadcast by GMA Network. The series is based on a Philippine fictional superhero of the same title by Mars Ravelo. Directed by Dominic Zapata, it stars Richard Gutierrez in the title role. It premiered on March 28, 2011 on the network's Telebabad line up. The series concluded on July 29, 2011 with a total of 88 episodes.

Mars Ravelo
Marcial "Mars" Custodio Ravelo (October 9, 1916 – September 12, 1988) was a Filipino comic book cartoonist and graphic novelist. Dubbed as the "King of Pinoy Komiks", he is notable for creating Darna, Dyesebel, Captain Barbell, Lastikman, Bondying, Varga, Wanted: Perfect Mother, Hiwaga, Maruja, Mariposa, Roberta, Rita, Buhay Pilipino, Jack and Jill, Flash Bomba, Tiny Tony, and Dragonna among others.
Ostrava-Jih
Ostrava-Jih (literally 'Ostrava-South') is a city district of Ostrava, a city in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic, located in the south-central part of the city. It comprises the municipal parts and cadastral areas of Dubina, Hrabůvka, Zábřeh, Výškovice and Bělský Les. With a population of 96,871 as of 2021, it is the most populous city district of Ostrava.

The borough is home to a forest park Bělský les, the largest forest park in Ostrava and one of the largest in Central Europe, covering an area of 1.6 km2 (0.618 sq mi). It also includes Avion Shopping Park Ostrava, one of the largest shopping centers in the Czech Republic, and Ostravar Aréna, which hosted the IIHF World Championship in 2004, 2015 and 2024.

Ostravar Aréna
OSTRAVAR Aréna (previously ČEZ Aréna, due to sponsorship reasons) is an indoor arena used mainly for ice hockey matches, in Vítkovice, Ostrava, Czech Republic. It opened in 1986, and underwent a € 23.3 million renovation between  2003 and 2004. The arena hosts home games of ice hockey club HC Vítkovice.

The capacity of the arena is 9,779, plus 16 skyboxes, making it the fourth-largest hockey venue in the Czech Republic. The rink can be converted into seating for concerts, increasing the capacity to 12,500.
Abagrotis cupida
Abagrotis cupida, the Cupid dart or brown climbing cutworm, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1865. It is found in southern Canada and in the United States east of the Rocky Mountains (except the Deep South).

The wingspan is 33–35 mm. Adults are on wing in late summer in one generation. In Alberta, the flight period ranges from August to September.

Reported food plants include willow, cultivated apple, grape and peach trees.

Augustus Radcliffe Grote
Augustus Radcliffe Grote (February 7, 1841 – September 12, 1903) was a British entomologist who described over 1,000 species of butterflies and moths. He is best known for his work on North American Noctuidae. A number of species were named after him, including the moth Horama grotei.
Nettastoma falcinaris
Nettastoma falcinaris is an eel in the family Nettastomatidae (duckbill/witch eels). It was described by Nikolai Vasilyevich Parin and Emma Stanislavovna Karmovskaya in 1985. It is a marine, deep water-dwelling eel which is known from Chile, in the southeastern Pacific Ocean. It is known to dwell at a depth range of 1,070 to 1,100 metres (3,510 to 3,610 ft). It is deemed harmless to humans.

Nikolai Vasilyevich Parin
Nikolai Vasilyevich Parin (21 November 1932 – 18 April 2012) was a Soviet and Russian ichthyologist, specializing in oceanic pelagic fish. He headed the Laboratory of Oceanic Ichthyofauna at the RAS Institute of Oceanology in Moscow, where he ended his career as a Professor after more than fifty-seven years. In his career, he described more than 150 new taxa of fish and participated in 20 major oceanic expeditions. Thirty-six species of fish are named in his honour.
Nicholas Colasanto
Nicholas Colasanto (January 19, 1924 – February 12, 1985) was an American actor and television director. He is best known for his role as Ernie Pantusso in the American television sitcom Cheers (1982–1985).

Fat City (film)
Fat City is a 1972 American sports drama film directed and produced by John Huston, and adapted by Leonard Gardner from his 1969 novel of the same title. It stars Stacy Keach, Jeff Bridges, Susan Tyrrell, and Candy Clark in her film debut.

The plot follows former champion boxer Billy Tully (Keach) who crosses paths with younger fighter Ernie Munger (Bridges). Munger is convinced to train with Rueben (Nicholas Colasanto) who once trained Tully. The supporting cast features several real-life boxing personalities, including Art Aragon, Curtis Cokes and Al Silvani.

Released by Columbia Pictures on July 26, 1972, Fat City was a critical success. Susan Tyrell was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance.
William Clarke (musician)
William Clarke (March 29, 1951 – November 2, 1996) was an American blues harmonica player and singer. He was chiefly associated with the Chicago blues style of amplified harmonica, but also incorporated elements of jump blues, swing, and soul jazz into his playing.  Clarke was a master of both cross and chromatic harmonica styles and many consider him among the blues harmonica greats.

Swing music
Swing music is a style of jazz that developed in the United States during the late 1920s and early 1930s. It became nationally popular from the mid-1930s. Swing represents the most famous era of jazz as a genre of entertainment, before the emergence of modern jazz. Swing bands usually featured soloists who would improvise on the melody over the arrangement. The danceable swing style of big bands and bandleaders such as Fletcher Henderson and Benny Goodman was the dominant form of American popular music from 1935 to 1946, known as the swing era, when people were dancing the Lindy Hop. The verb "to swing" is also used as a term of praise for playing that has a strong groove or drive. Big band leaders of the swing era include Benny Goodman, Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Jimmie Lunceford, Cab Calloway, Benny Carter, Jimmy Dorsey, Tommy Dorsey, Earl Hines, Bunny Berigan, Harry James, Lionel Hampton, Glenn Miller, and Artie Shaw.
Freck Langsam
Freck Langsam is a German no-budget Gangster Comedy film. Written by Jürgen Becker and directed by Michael Schu, the spoken language is Trierisch, a Moselle Franconian dialect of High German from the city of Trier, where the film is set.

Freck Langsam is Trierisch for "Stirb Langsam", which is the German title of Die Hard. The plot, however, isn't based on Die Hard.

Die Hard (franchise)
Die Hard is an American action film series and media franchise that originated with Roderick Thorp's 1979 novel Nothing Lasts Forever. All five films revolve around the main character of John McClane (Joe Leland in the original novel), a police detective who continually finds himself in the middle of a crisis where he is both the only hope against disaster and the culprit's target.

Per the franchise's name, McClane confounds repeated attempts to kill him, driving his enemies to distraction, by adding up and exploiting dumb luck. The films have grossed a combined $1.4 billion worldwide, with Bruce Willis as the only actor to appear in all five films.
Mosan languages
Mosan is a hypothetical language family consisting of the Salishan, Wakashan, and Chimakuan languages of the Pacific Northwest region of North America. It is attributed to Edward Sapir in the 1929 Encyclopædia Britannica, though it was proposed at least as far back as 1920 by Leo Frachtenberg. Little evidence has been adduced in favor of such a grouping, no progress has been made in reconstructing it, and it is now thought to reflect a language area rather than a genetic relationship. The term persists outside academic linguistic literature because of Sapir's stature.

An automated computational analysis (ASJP 4) by Müller et al. (2013) found lexical similarities between Salishan and Chimakuan. Wakashan was not included. However, since the analysis was automatically generated, the grouping could be either due to mutual lexical borrowing or genetic inheritance.

Sprachbund
A sprachbund (/ˈsprɑːkbʊnd/ ⓘ SPRAHK-buund, from German: Sprachbund [ˈʃpʁaːxbʊnt] ⓘ, lit. 'language federation'; pl. sprachbünde or sprachbunds), also known as a linguistic area, area of linguistic convergence, or diffusion area, is a group of languages that share areal features resulting from geographical proximity and language contact. The languages may be genetically unrelated, or only distantly related, but the sprachbund characteristics might give a false appearance of relatedness.

A grouping of languages that share features can only be defined as a sprachbund if the features are shared for some reason other than the genetic history of the languages. Without knowledge of the history of a regional group of similar languages, it may be difficult to determine whether sharing indicates a language family or a sprachbund.
Huaihai opera
Huaihai opera (simplified Chinese: 淮海戏; traditional Chinese: 淮海戲) is a form of local traditional Chinese theatre which combines musics, vocal performance, and dance. Some plays contain mime, acrobatics, and Kung fu. It was created in the 19th century and fully developed in the World War II. The form is popular in Shuyang, Suqian, Lianyungang and Yancheng, with the dialect of Shuyang as the standard pronunciation.

Yancheng
Yancheng (simplified Chinese: 盐城; traditional Chinese: 鹽城; pinyin: Yánchéng), formerly known as Yandu, is a prefecture-level city in the eastern coastal Jiangsu province, People's Republic of China. As the city with the largest jurisdictional area in Jiangsu, Yancheng borders Lianyungang to the north, Huai'an to the west, Yangzhou and Taizhou to the southwest, Nantong to the south, and the Yellow Sea to the east. Formerly a county, the current Yancheng city was founded on January 18, 1983.

Yancheng, literally "Salt City", is named after the salt harvest fields surrounding the city. According to historical records, collection and production of sea salt in the region began as early as 119 BC, during the Western Han dynasty, when the settlement on the current location of Yancheng was named Yandu County (盐渎县). According to the 2020 census, Yancheng had a registered population of 6,709,629, with 1,733,591 inhabitants in its built up area comprising the districts of Tinghu and Yandu.
Kasauli
Kasauli is a town and cantonment, located in the Solan district of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. The cantonment was established by the British Raj in 1842 as a Colonial hill station, 25 km (16 mi) from Solan, 77 km (48 mi) from Shimla, 58 km (36 mi) from Chandigarh, and 94 km (58 mi) from Ambala Cantt (Haryana), an important railway junction of North India.

Hill station
A hill station is a type of hill town, mostly in colonial Asia, but also in colonial Africa (albeit rarely), founded by European colonialists as a refuge from the summer heat. As historian Dane Kennedy observes about the Indian context, "the hill station (...) was seen as an exclusive British preserve: here it was possible to render the Indian into an outsider". The term is still used in present day, particularly in India, which has the largest number of hill stations; most are situated at an altitude of approximately 1,000 to 2,500 metres (3,300 to 8,200 ft).
Abdus Salam (Chittagong politician)
Abdus Salam (Bengali: আবদুচ ছালাম) is a Bangladeshi politician and a former chairman of the Chittagong Development Authority. He briefly served as member of Jatiya Sangsad from Chittagong-8 as an independent candidate on the 2024 Bangladeshi general election.

Although he contested the election as an independent candidate, at the time he was the treasurer of the Chittagong division Awami League. He is also the founder of the Well Group.

Chattogram Development Authority
The Chattogram Development Authority (Bengali: চট্টগ্রাম উন্নয়ন কর্তৃপক্ষ, romanized: Choṭṭogrām Unnôẏôn Kôrtipôkkhô; abbreviated as CDA) is a self-governing urban development authority in Chattogram, Bangladesh, responsible for planning, regulating, and implementing the city’s master plan. Established in 1959 by the Government of Bangladesh, it oversees urban growth and prepares comprehensive master plans, which are periodically reviewed to guide long-term urban development. The authority operates under the Ministry of Housing and Public Works.
Salai Lian Luai
Salai Lian Luai (Burmese: ဆလိုင်းလျန်လွယ်) is a lawyer-turned-politician who served as Chief Minister of Chin State, the head of Chin State Government.

He received a law degree from Yangon University and served as a lawyer for various government offices in Yangon, Mandalay and Sagaing regions, as well as in Chin State. In his last role as a civil servant, he worked as a Tamu District legal officer.

Sagaing Region
Sagaing Region (Burmese: စစ်ကိုင်းတိုင်းဒေသကြီး, pronounced [zəɡáɪ̯ɰ̃ táɪ̯ɰ̃ dèθa̰ dʑí]; formerly Sagaing Division) is an administrative region of Myanmar, located in the north-western part of the country between latitude 21° 30' north and longitude 94° 97' east. It is bordered by Chin State and India's Nagaland, Manipur, and Arunachal Pradesh states to the west and north, Kachin State, Shan State, and Mandalay Region to the east and Mandalay Region and Magway Region to the south. The Ayeyarwady River forms a greater part of its eastern and also southern boundary. Sagaing Region has an area of 93,527 square kilometres (36,111 sq mi), making it the second-largest subdivision of Myanmar. In 1996, it had a population of over 5,300,000, while its population in 2012 was 6,600,000. The urban population 2012 was 1,230,000, and the rural population was 5,360,000. The namesake of Sagaing Region is Sagaing but the administrative capital and largest city is Monywa.
Saskatchewan Indian Gaming Authority
The Saskatchewan Indian Gaming Authority (SIGA) is a First Nations gaming operator in the province of Saskatchewan. Owned by a consortium of the 74 First Nations band governments in Saskatchewan, it operates seven tribal casinos across the province, as well as the online casino PlayNow.com. Its operations are overseen by Lotteries and Gaming Saskatchewan (LGS).

Half of its revenues are distributed to Saskatchewan's First Nations communities via the First Nations Trust, while the remainder is distributed to community development corporations and the province's general revenue fund.

Lloydminster
Lloydminster is a city in Canada which has the unusual geographic distinction of straddling the provincial border between Alberta and Saskatchewan. The city is incorporated by both provinces as a single city with a single municipal administration.
John H. Robinson (politician)
John H. Robinson (born July 25, 1955) is an American politician and businessman.  He was the 40th Mayor of Wausau, Wisconsin, and represented Wausau for four terms in the Wisconsin State Assembly.  He currently serves on the Marathon County Board of Supervisors.

Marathon County, Wisconsin
Marathon County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 138,013. Its county seat is Wausau. It was founded in 1850, created from a portion of Portage County. At that time the county stretched to the northern border with the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. It is named after the battlefield at Marathon, Greece.

Marathon County comprises the Wausau, WI Metropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Wausau–Stevens Point–Wisconsin Rapids, WI Combined Statistical Area.