hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Coniophora
Coniophora is a genus of fungi within the order Boletales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are corticioid (patch-forming). There are 20 species in the genus, which has a widespread distribution. One notable member is the cellar fungus (C. puteana), which causes wet rot in wood. Molecular analysis has revealed that there are cryptic species in the fungal lineages Coniophora olivacea, C. arida, and C. puteana.

Corticioid fungi
The corticioid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota typically having effused, smooth basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that are formed on the undersides of dead tree trunks or branches. They are sometimes colloquially called crust fungi or patch fungi. Originally such fungi were referred to the genus Corticium ("corticioid" means Corticium-like) and subsequently to the family Corticiaceae, but it is now known that all corticioid species are not necessarily closely related. The fact that they look similar is an example of convergent evolution. Since they are often studied as a group, it is convenient to retain the informal (non-taxonomic) name of "corticioid fungi" and this term is frequently used in research papers and other texts.
Propionivibrio limicola
Propionivibrio limicola is a gram negative, oxidase- and catalase-negative anaerobic, fermentative, non-spore-forming, mesophilic, rod-shaped, motile bacterium from the genus of Propionivibrio which has the ability to degrade hydroaromatic compounds.

Catalase
Catalase is a common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms exposed to oxygen (such as bacteria, plants, and animals) which catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. It is a very important enzyme in protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Catalase has one of the highest turnover numbers of all enzymes; one catalase molecule can convert millions of hydrogen peroxide molecules to water and oxygen each second.

Catalase is a tetramer of four polypeptide chains, each over 500 amino acids long. It contains four iron-containing heme groups that allow the enzyme to react with hydrogen peroxide. The optimum pH for human catalase is approximately 7, and has a fairly broad maximum: the rate of reaction does not change appreciably between pH 6.8 and 7.5. The pH optimum for other catalases varies between 4 and 11 depending on the species. The optimum temperature also varies by species.
Petre Ceapura
Petre Ceapura (born 12 July 1942) is a retired Romanian rower. He competed at the 1968, 1972 and 1980 Olympics in the coxed fours (1968) and coxed pairs (1972 and 1980) and won a bronze medal in 1972, placing fourth in 1980. In 1970, he became the first world champion in rowing from Romania. He also won three bronze medals at the European championships in 1967–1973. After retiring from competitions, he worked as a coach at his club Dinamo București.

Rowing at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Men's coxed four
The men's coxed four competition at the 1968 Summer Olympics took place at Virgilio Uribe Rowing and Canoeing Course, Mexico City, Mexico. It was held from 13 to 19 October and was unexpectedly won by the team from New Zealand, which secured the country its first Olympic rowing gold medal. Thirteen teams (66 competitors, with the Soviet Union making one substitution) from 13 nations attended the competition. East Germany earned its first medal in its debut in the event, taking silver (the 1960 and 1964 Olympic tournaments had both been won by the United Team of Germany, with West German crews). Switzerland took bronze, its first medal in the men's coxed four since 1952.
Jinhua ham
Jinhua ham (Chinese: 金華火腿) is a type of specialty dry-cured ham named after the city of Jinhua, where it is produced, in Zhejiang province, China.  The ham is used in Chinese cuisines to flavor stewed and braised foods as well as for making the stocks and broths of many Chinese soups. The ham was awarded first prize in the 1915 Panama International Merchandise Exhibition.

Panama–Pacific International Exposition
The Panama–Pacific International Exposition was a world's fair held in San Francisco, California, United States, from February 20 to December 4, 1915. Its stated purpose was to celebrate the completion of the Panama Canal, but it was widely seen in the city as an opportunity to showcase its recovery from the 1906 earthquake. The fair was constructed on a 636-acre (257-hectare) site along the northern shore, between the Presidio and Fort Mason, now known as the Marina District.
Ariana (beer)
Ariana is a Bulgarian beer brand, produced by the Zagorka Brewery since 2004. The company was established in 1884, and for most of its history brewed at the Ariana Brewery in central Sofia. It was bought by Heineken in 1997 and currently has four brands – Ariana Light (5% ABV), Ariana Dark (5.5% ABV), and two citrus-flavoured brands available only in summer – Ariana Radler lemon, and grapefruit (1.8% ABV).

Shandy
Shandy is beer or cider mixed with a lemon flavoured beverage, usually half lemonade and half beer or cider, resulting in a lower ABV for the finished drink. Shandies are popular in Europe, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, the Caribbean, and Canada.

In some jurisdictions, the low alcohol content of shandies exempts them from laws governing the sale of alcoholic beverages.
Kelly Stefanyshyn
Kelly Stefanyshyn (born July 6, 1982) is a Canadian competitive swimmer and backstroke specialist who represented her native country at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia.  Stefanyshyn was a member of Canada's sixth-place team in the women's 4x100-metre medley relay.  Individually, she also finished eighth in the women's 200-metre backstroke, and competed in the semifinals of the 100-metre backstroke.

Stefanyshyn was previously a three-medal-winner at the 1999 Pan American Games in Winnipeg.  She won a gold medal in the 100-metre backstroke, a silver in the 4x100-metre medley relay, and a bronze in the 200-metre backstroke.

She attended the University of British Columbia, where she was a member of the UBC Thunderbirds swimming and diving team in CIS competition from 2001 to 2004.

1999 Pan American Games
The 1999 Pan American Games, officially the XIII Pan American Games (French: XIII Jeux panaméricains) or the 13th Pan American Games and commonly known as Winnipeg 1999, were a major international multi-sport event that was held from July 23 to August 8, 1999, in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada and surrounding towns and cities. Canoeing competitions started the day before the games officially began. Approximately 5,000 athletes from 42 nations participated in the games to vie for a total of 330 medal events in 34 sports and 42 disciplines.

Financially, the 1999 games were a success, generating a surplus of $8.9 million through a combination of fiscal restraint and the contribution of nearly 20,000 volunteers.

The 1999 Pan American Games were the second Pan American Games hosted by Canada and Winnipeg. Previously, Winnipeg hosted the 1967 Pan American Games.
Central Min
Central Min, or Min Zhong (simplified Chinese: 闽中语; traditional Chinese: 閩中語; pinyin: Mǐnzhōngyǔ), is a part of the Min group of varieties of Chinese. It is spoken in the valley of the Sha River in Sanming prefecture in the central mountain areas of Fujian, consisting of Yong'an, the urban area of Sanming (Sanyuan and Meilie districts) and Sha County.

Shaxian, Sanming
Shaxian District (simplified Chinese: 沙县区; traditional Chinese: 沙縣區; pinyin: Shāxiàn Qū), formerly Sha County, is a district of Sanming, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China. Shaxian District is the hometown of Shaxian delicacies, which are considered part of the food heritage of China.
Páramo del Sil
Páramo del Sil is a municipality of Spain, in the region of El Bierzo, province of León, autonomous region of Castilla y León.

The municipality is situated on the banks of the river Sil in the most northern part of El Bierzo.

Location of Páramo del Sil in Google Maps

42°49′12″N 6°29′24″W﻿ / ﻿42.820°N 6.490°W﻿ / 42.820; -6.490

Province of León
León (UK: /leɪˈɒn/, US: /leɪˈoʊn/; Spanish: [leˈon]; Leonese: Llión [ʎiˈoŋ]; Galician: [leˈoŋ]) is a province of northwestern Spain in the northern part of the Region of León and in the northwestern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León.

About one quarter of its population of 463,746 (2018) lives in the capital, León. The climate is dry, cold in winter and hot in summer. This creates the perfect environment for wine and all types of cold meats and sausages like the leonese "Morcilla" and the "Cecina".

There are two famous Roman Catholic cathedrals in the province, the main one in León and another in Astorga. The province shares the Picos de Europa National Park (in the Picos de Europa mountain range) with Cantabria and Asturias. It has 211 municipalities.
Archips capsigeranus
Archips capsigeranus is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in China (Heilongjiang, Shaanxi, Jiangxi, Sichuan), Korea, Japan and Russia (Pimorye, Ussuri, Askold).

The moth is 20–22 mm for males and 21–26 mm for females. There are two generations per year with adults on wing in June and September in China.

The larvae feed on Abies firma, Abies nephrolepis, Acer, Machilus thunbergii, Pieris polita, Prunus and Persea americana.

Machilus thunbergii
Machilus thunbergii (syn. Persea thunbergii), the Japanese bay tree, red machilus, or tabunoki, is a widespread species of flowering plant in the family Lauraceae. It is native to Vietnam, Taiwan, southeast and north-central China, the Korean Peninsula, and Japan. A sturdy evergreen tree, usually 10–15 m (30–50 ft) tall, and reaching 20 m (70 ft), it is used for timber, and as a street tree. Its bark is the source of makko, a powder used to make a mosquito‑repelling incense. It prefers coastal areas, and can handle saline soil.
Rangpur Metropolitan Police
The Rangpur Metropolitan Police (Bengali: রংপুর মেট্রোপলিটন পুলিশ, romanized: Raṅpur mēṭrōpaliṭana puliśa; abbreviated as RPMP) is the primary metropolitan unit of the Bangladesh Police, responsible for law enforcement, public safety, and crime prevention within the metropolis of Rangpur, a major city in northern Bangladesh. Established in 2018 under the Rangpur Metropolitan Police Ordinance, RMP oversees policing operations, administration, and coordination with other law enforcement and emergency agencies in the city. The force is headed by a Police Commissioner who manages all operational and administrative functions.

Police commissioner
A police commissioner is the head of a police department, responsible for overseeing its operations and ensuring the effective enforcement of laws and maintenance of public order. They develop and implement policies, manage budgets, and coordinate with other law enforcement agencies and community groups. Additionally, the commissioner handles high-profile cases, addresses public concerns, and represents the department in various forums.
State road D.565 (Turkey)
D.565 is a 407 km (253 mi) long north–south state road from İğneada on the Black Sea to İzmir in western Turkey. The route is broken into two parts by the Sea of Marmara: a 128 km (80 mi) long section in East Thrace from İğneada to Tekirdağ and a 279 km (173 mi) section in Anatolia from Bandırma to İzmir. The gap is connected by a car ferry operating between the two port cities. The route is mostly a four-lane highway except for the first 61 km (38 mi) section at its northern end.

In two separate sections, the D.565 runs concurrently with two other state roads in East Thrace: with the D.020 between Poyralı and Pınarhisar and with the D.100 between Lüleburgaz and Büyükkarıştıran.

Tekirdağ
Tekirdağ (pronounced [teˈciɾdaː]) is a city in northwestern Turkey. It is located on the north coast of the Sea of Marmara, in the region of East Thrace. The city forms the urban part of the Süleymanpaşa district, with a population of 186,421 in 2022.

Tekirdağ is a commercial centre with a harbour for agricultural products (the harbour is being expanded to accommodate a new rail link to the main freight line through Thrace). It is also home to Martas and the BOTAŞ Terminal, both of them important for trade activities in the Marmara Region. The town's best known product remains Tekirdağ rakı although it is also known for its cherries, celebrated with a festival every June.

The proximity of the Greek and Bulgarian borders means that there are honorary consulates for both countries in Tekirdağ.

Ferries from Tekirdağ sail to the nearby Marmara Islands during the summer.

The nearest airport is Tekirdağ Çorlu Airport (TEQ) although there are many more flights to Istanbul Airport (IST).
Douglas Myers
Sir Arthur Douglas Myers KNZM CBE (29 October 1938 – 8 April 2017) was a New Zealand businessman and one of the country's richest men (#35 on the Forbes New Zealand and Australian Rich list, 2006, with net worth estimated at AU$350 million, and assessed as worth $950m and New Zealand's ninth richest man according to the National Business Review.

National Business Review
National Business Review (or NBR) is one of New Zealand's business news publishing websites. The NBR has focused on delivering breaking business news and analysis since its founding in 1970. NBR is known for its independent journalism for NZ’s economy, providing expert analysis on finance and politics alongside in-depth coverage of investment, tech, Te Ao Māori, primary industries and Australian business coverage. In 2020, the publication shifted to become a digital-first publication for NZ business leaders, offering trusted insights into the Aotearoa New Zealand's economic landscape. The business news publication has won numerous awards in journalism and reporting.

It has journalists in Auckland, Wellington, Canberra and Sydney.
Christopher Cherniak
Christopher George Cherniak (May 5, 1945 – March 13, 2025) was an American philosopher who specialized in epistemology and the philosophy of neuroscience. He was a long-time member of the University of Maryland Philosophy Department. Cherniak's research trajectory started in theory of knowledge and led into computational neuroanatomy and genomics. The underlying linkage between the areas concerns models of the agent: The work began with more realistic, bounded-resource models of rationality. From this epistemology in turn stemmed a research program concerning optimal-wiring models of global brain and genome anatomy, a structuralist approach.

Neuroanatomy
Neuroanatomy is a branch of anatomy and neuroscience that studies the structure and organization of the nervous system. In contrast to animals with radial symmetry, whose nervous system consists of a distributed network of cells, animals with bilateral symmetry have segregated, defined nervous systems. Their neuroanatomy is therefore better understood. In vertebrates, the nervous system is segregated into the central nervous system (CNS) comprising the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) comprising the connecting nerves between them. Much of what has informed neuroscientists has come from observing how lesions (damage) to specific brain areas affects behavior or other neural functions.

For information about the composition of non-human animal nervous systems, see nervous system. For information about the typical structure of the human nervous system, see human brain, and peripheral nervous system.
Biddenden
Biddenden is a large, mostly agricultural and wooded village and civil parish in the borough of Ashford in Kent, England. The village lies on the Weald of Kent, 5 miles (8 km) north of Tenterden. It was a centre for the Wealden iron industry and clothmaking.

The parish includes the hamlet Woolpack Corner (51°06′N 0°38′E﻿ / ﻿51.10°N 00.64°E﻿ / 51.10; 00.64).

Borough of Ashford
The Borough of Ashford is a local government district with borough status in Kent, England. It is named after its largest town, Ashford, where the council is based. The borough also includes the town of Tenterden and an extensive surrounding rural area including numerous villages; with an area of 580 square kilometres (220 sq mi), it is the largest district in Kent. Parts of the borough lie within the designated Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty of High Weald and the Kent Downs.

The neighbouring districts are (clockwise from west) Tunbridge Wells, Maidstone, Swale, Canterbury, Folkestone and Hythe, and Rother. The latter is in East Sussex, the rest are in Kent.
Perote mouse
The Perote mouse (Peromyscus bullatus), or Perote deermouse, is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is a species of the genus Peromyscus, a group of New World mice often referred to as "deermice". It is found only in Mexico.

New World rats and mice
The New World rats and mice are a group of related rodents found in North and South America.  They are diverse in appearance and ecology, ranging from the tiny Baiomys to the large Kunsia. They represent one of the few examples of muroid rodents (along with the voles) in North America, and the only example of muroid rodents to have made it into South America.

The New World rats and mice are often considered part of a single subfamily, Sigmodontinae, but the recent trend among muroid taxonomists is to recognize three separate subfamilies.  This strategy better represents the extreme diversity of species numbers and ecological types.

Some molecular phylogenetic studies have suggested that the New World rats and mice are not a monophyletic group, but this is yet to be confirmed.  Their closest relatives are clearly the hamsters and voles.

The New World rats and mice are divided into 3 subfamilies, 12 tribes, and 84 genera.
Daylin
Daylin, Inc. was a major retail conglomerate based in Los Angeles and later Beverly Hills, California. Its best-known unit was Handy Dan Improvement Centers, which preceded Home Depot in the market niche the latter came to dominate. The company also briefly owned London Drugs as well as Great Eastern, which gave rise to Linens 'n Things.

Amnon Barness, an Israeli immigrant, co-founded the company in 1960 with an investment of $10,000. The company grew aggressively over the next two decades by acquiring retail operations around the United States, notably drugstores, home improvement centers, and discount stores. By 1969, Daylin had 50 corporate divisions and subsidiaries employing around 13,000 employees. In 1973 it was reported to operate 700 stores.

Pharmacy (shop)
A pharmacy (also called drugstore in North American English or community pharmacy or chemist in Commonwealth English and both in Australian English) is a premises which provides pharmaceutical drugs, among other products. At the pharmacy, a pharmacist oversees the fulfillment of medical prescriptions and is available to counsel patients about prescription and over-the-counter drugs or about health problems and wellness issues. A typical pharmacy would be in the commercial area of a community.
VEPR
VEPR (Ukrainian: Автомобіль Високо-Ефективної ПРохідності (Avtomobil Vysoko-Efektyvnoyi PRokhidnosti, Вепр, wild boar) is a Ukrainian multi-purpose off-road vehicle designed and assembled by the Kremenchuk Automobile Assembly Plant (KrASZ).

The designers' goal was to create an SUV-type vehicle which would have the same terrain ability traditionally reserved for larger cargo vehicles, such as the KrAZ and Ural. The patent has been received for the passenger-cargo vehicle.

The per-unit price of the VEPR is estimated to be between $50,000 and $250,000.

Ural Automotive Plant
The Urals Automotive Plant, an Open Stock Company, (Russian: Ура́льский автомоби́льный заво́д, УралАЗ; translit. Uralskiy Avtomobilnyi Zavod, UralAZ) is a major Russian manufacturer of off-road trucks under the Ural (Cyrillic: "Урал") brand.  Located in the city of Miass, Chelyabinsk Oblast in the Ural Mountains. The plant was established in 1941; when the ZiS truck plant was evacuated from Moscow during World War II.
Brynglas Tunnels
The Brynglas Tunnels carry the M4 under Brynglas Hill in Newport, Wales. The 360-metre-long (390 yd) tunnels are the first and only twin–bored tunnels in the UK motorway network.

The tunnels and adjacent M4 motorway Usk bridge were originally planned by Newport Corporation in August 1959 in a plan submitted to the Ministry of Transport. Work started on the £3m tunnels project - led by engineer Sir Owen Williams on 10 September 1962. Both structures were complete and open to traffic on 5 May 1967. During the construction several houses on Brynglas Road (where the modern Newport Lodge Hotel now stands) had to be demolished due to structural weaknesses caused by the tunnelling and prompting questions in the House of Commons.

Owen Williams (engineer)
Sir Evan Owen Williams (20 March 1890 – 23 May 1969) was an English engineer and architect, known for being the principal engineer for the original Wembley Stadium, and later Gravelly Hill Interchange (known popularly as Spaghetti Junction) as well as a number of key modernist buildings, including the Express Building in Manchester and the D10 and D6 Buildings at the Boots Factory Site in Nottingham.
2024 Hall of Fame Open – Doubles
André Göransson and Sem Verbeek defeated Robert Cash and James Tracy in the final, 6–3, 6–4 to win the doubles tennis title at the 2024 Hall of Fame Open. It was the first ATP Tour doubles title for Verbeek and the second for Göransson.

Nathaniel Lammons and Jackson Withrow were the defending champions, but lost to Anirudh Chandrasekar and Arjun Kadhe in the first round.

Nathaniel Lammons
Nathaniel Lammons (born August 12, 1993) is an American professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP ranking of world No. 17 in doubles, achieved on 27 January 2025. He has won 10 ATP doubles titles.

A former player at Southern Methodist University, Lammons turned professional in 2016. Lammons sealed his top 100 doubles debut in July 2019, a year in which he won four doubles titles from seven doubles finals reached as he broke through on the ATP Challenger Tour. In 2022, he won his first two career ATP Tour doubles titles in San Diego and Seoul, earning him his top 50 debut. Together with partner Jackson Withrow in 2023, Lammons reached his first ATP 500 final in Acapulco and his first ATP Masters 1000 semifinal in Miami. In 2024, he made his first Grand Slam semifinal at the 2024 US Open with Withrow and reached the top 20.
Moriah Town Office Building
Moriah Town Office Building is a historic town hall building, located at Port Henry in Essex County, New York, built in 1875. It is a massive, 3-story rectangular, five-by-three-bay, brick building capped by a concave mansard roof in the Second Empire style.  It features three tall brick chimneys with molded caps, symmetrically placed gable dormers, and a square roof-top cupola.  Also on the property are a carriage house and modest clapboard-sided building, used as a court house.  It was built as the main office of Witherbee, Sherman, and Company (later Republic Steel) and obtained for use as town offices in May 1959.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

Essex County, New York
Essex County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 37,381. Its county seat is the hamlet of Elizabethtown. Its name is from the English county of Essex. Essex is one of two counties that are entirely within the Adirondack Park, the other being Hamilton County. The county is part of the North Country region of the state.