hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maol Choluim I, Earl of Lennox
Mormaer Maol Choluim I of Lennox (English: Malcolm I) ruled the Mormaerdom of Lennox, between 1250 and 1303, succeeding his father Maol Domhnaich.

He was an early supporter of the Bruces, and appeared before Edward I of England in 1292 amongst the supporters of Robert Bruce, 5th Lord of Annandale. Maol Choluim joined the revolt of Andrew de Moray and William Wallace.

Maol Choluim married a woman named Marjorie, and fathered his successor Maol Choluim II

He died in 1303.

Andrew Moray
Andrew Moray (Anglo-Norman: Andreu de Moray; Latin: Andreas de Moravia), also known as Andrew de Moray, Andrew of Moray, or Andrew Murray, was a Scots esquire, who rose to prominence during the First Scottish War of Independence. He initially raised a small band of supporters at Avoch Castle in early summer 1297 to fight King Edward I of England and had soon successfully regained control of the north for the absent Scots king, John Balliol. Moray subsequently merged his army with that of William Wallace, and on 11 September 1297 jointly led the combined army to victory at the Battle of Stirling Bridge. He was severely wounded in the course of the battle, dying at an unknown date and place that year.
Caudron (surname)
Caudron is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Frédéric Caudron  (born 1968), Belgian professional three-cushion billiards player

Georges Caudron (1952–2022), French actor and artistic director

Jacques Caudron (1882–1938), French footballer and manager

Jean Caudron (1895–1963), Belgian footballer

Georges Caudron
Georges Caudron (20 November 1952 – 5 December 2022) was a French actor and artistic director. He was very active in dubbing and was notably the French voice for David Duchovny, Steven Culp, John Hannah, Willie Garson, and Peter Bergman.

Caudron studied under Jean-Laurent Cochet at the National School of Arts and Techniques of Theatre École nationale supérieure des arts et techniques du théâtre.
Tim Wanyonyi
Timothy Wanyonyi Wetangula is a Kenyan lawyer and politician serving as a member of parliament representing Westlands Constituency. He was first elected as a councillor for the defunct Nairobi City Council in 2007 election, before being elected Westlands MP during 2013 elections and defended his seat in the 2017 and 2022 general elections held on 8 August 2017 and 9 August 2022 respectively. He is a brother to Moses Wetangula, the Speaker of the National Assembly of Kenya and former senator for Bungoma County. He is a member of the Orange Democratic Movement.

Wetangula founded the Kenya Paraplegic Organisation. He is in the Azimio la Umoja coalition movement that lost in the 2022 general elections.

Westlands Constituency
Westlands is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of the seventeen constituencies in Nairobi County. The constituency is situated within Westlands Sub-county, formerly Westlands District. The entire constituency is located within Nairobi City County and has an area of 72.4 km2 (28.0 sq mi). It was known as Nairobi Northwest Constituency at the 1963 elections, then as Parklands Constituency and since 1988 elections it has been known as Westlands Constituency.

In 2013, the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission hived off a portion of Westlands Constituency to form part of Dagoretti North Constituency.

Westlands constituency contains some of the high income suburb areas such as Runda, LakeView, Muthaiga, Kitisuru and Highridge. Slum areas like Kangemi, Githogoro, DeepSea, Mji Wa Huruma, Kaptagat, Kibagare, Maasai and Suswa are also located within the constituency.
Hsawnghsup
Hsawnghsup was one of the outlying Shan princely states in what is today Burma. It was called Somsok (Samjok) in Manipur Chronicles and Thaungthut by the Burmese. The latter name is now applied only to the final headquarters of the state, the seat of its Saopha (Sawbwa) in the 19th century. This town is on bank of the Chindwin River, but the original headquarters was apparently in the Kabaw Valley to the west, near the border with Manipur, and a good part of the state was also in that valley.

During the British rule in Burma, Hsawnghsup formed an exclave located to the northwest of the rest of the Shan States, within the Upper Chindwin District of British Burma and bound to the west by the princely state of Manipur. Most of the territory of the state was dense forest.

Chindwin River
The Chindwin River (Burmese pronunciation: [t͡ɕɪ́ɰ̃dwɪ́ɰ̃ mjɪʔ]), also known as the Ningthi River (Meitei: [niŋtʰi tuɾel]), is a river in Myanmar and the largest tributary of the Irrawaddy River, which itself is the principal river of Myanmar.
2025–26 Iranian budget
The 2025–26 Iranian budget was approved in November 2024. The budget featured a high deficit, more than 950 trillion toman. Predicted oil revenues were $2 trillion toman with a 26% deficit. The Iranian Armed Forces' share over Iran's oil revenue increased fourfold. The government planned to withdraw 500 billion from its National Development Fund to cover its debts. The government received 40% more income. Minimum wages for government employees increased 20%. Electricity bills grew 38%-80%.

Deficit spending
Within the budgetary process, deficit spending is the amount by which spending exceeds revenue over a particular period of time, also called simply deficit, or budget deficit, the opposite of budget surplus. The term may be applied to the budget of a government, private company, or individual. A central point of controversy in economics, government deficit spending was first identified as a necessary economic tool by John Maynard Keynes in the wake of the Great Depression.
The Good Life (Andy Griggs album)
The Good Life is the fourth studio album by American country music artist Andy Griggs, and his first for Montage Music Group after exiting RCA Records Nashville in 2005. It was released on February 12, 2008 to iTunes and Ruckus, while the CD was released to retail stores on May 27, 2008. "Tattoo Rose" and "What If It's Me" were both released as singles from this album, and both have charted on the Hot Country Songs charts. "Long Way Down" was also recorded by James Otto on his 2004 album Days of Our Lives.

Montage Music Group
Montage Music Group was an American independent record label based in Nashville, Tennessee, specializing in country music. Acts signed to the label include Andy Griggs, Matt King, Ryan Shupe & the RubberBand, Little Texas, Minnie Murphy, and The Road Hammers. All of these acts except Murphy were previously signed to other labels.

The label was founded in May 2006 by Allen Butler, formerly the head of Sony Music Nashville. Little Texas was the first act signed to the label.

Parent company Hedgewood International announced in February 2009 that the label was "reorganizing".
Anna Shternshis
Anna Shternshis is an Al and Malka Green Professor of Yiddish studies and the director of the Anne Tanenbaum Centre for Jewish Studies at the University of Toronto. Her research interests include Jewish culture in the Soviet Union; Jewish-Slavic cultural relations; Yiddish mass culture, theatre, and music.

She received her M.A. degree from Russian State University for the Humanities and Ph.D. degree in Modern Languages and Literatures from Oxford University in 2001.

Shternshis is the author of two books, as well as over 20 articles  and book chapters. She is the co-editor-in-chief of East European Jewish Affairs.

Shternshis together with composer/performer and slavist Psoy Korolenko created and directed Yiddish Glory, a project to release the forgotten Yiddish songs written during the Holocaust in the Soviet Union. It was nominated and shortlisted for the 61st Annual Grammy Award in the world music category.

Slavic studies
Slavic (American English) or Slavonic (British English) studies, also known as Slavistics, is the academic field of area studies concerned with Slavic peoples, languages, history, and culture. Originally, a Slavist or Slavicist was primarily a linguist or philologist researching Slavistics. Increasingly, historians, social scientists, and other humanists who study Slavic cultures and societies have been included in this rubric.

In the United States, Slavic studies is dominated by Russian studies. Ewa Thompson, a professor of Slavic studies at Rice University, described the situation of non-Russian Slavic studies as "invisible and mute".
Masondo
Masondo is a South African surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Amos Masondo (born 1953), South African politician

Andrew Masondo (1936–2008), South African activist

David Masondo (born 1974), South African politician

David Masondo (singer) (1950–2015), was South African singer and drummer

Sizwe Masondo (born 1987), South African cricketer

Thabile Masondo, South African politician

Vusumuzi Masondo (born 1957), South African military commander

Thabile Masondo
Thabile Sylvia Masondo is a South African politician who was elected to the National Assembly of South Africa at the 2019 general election as a member of the African National Congress.

Masondo is a member of the Committee on Multi-Party Women's Caucus and the Portfolio Committee on Women, Youth and Persons with Disabilities.
Sylvester (priest)
Sylvester (Russian: Сильвестр, romanized: Silvestr; later known as Spiridon) was a priest of the Cathedral of the Annunciation and a close advisor to Ivan IV.  Sylvester is known for heavily influencing Ivan and the contemporary Russian government alongside Alexei Adashev and their Chosen Council from 1549 to 1560.  His power was mostly unchallenged during this time, with the exception of the Viskovatyi affair, but that was quickly solved in his favor.  He eventually fell out of favor with the Tsar in 1560 and withdrew to the Kirillov monastery in Beloozero before moving to the Solovetskii monastery, at some point changing his name to Spiridon and later dying before 1580.  He is later described by Ivan as a traitor and conspirator.

Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery
Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery (Russian: Кирилло-Белозерский монастырь), known in English as White Lake St. Cyril's Monastery, is a male monastery of the Vologda Eparchy of the Russian Orthodox Church, located on the shore of Lake Siverskoye within the town of Kirillov, Russia which developed from a settlement (sloboda) that grew around the monastery. In the 15th to 17th centuries, it was one of the largest monasteries and most fortified fortresses in the Russian North.

The monastery was consecrated to the feast of the Dormition of the Theotokos, for which cause it was sometimes referred to as the Dormition Monastery of St. Cyril.
Will Gluck
Will Gluck (born November 7, 1978) is an American filmmaker, songwriter, and composer. He is known for writing and directing films such as Easy A (2010), Friends with Benefits (2011), the Peter Rabbit films (2018–2021), Anyone but You (2023), and One Night Only (2026).

Luis (TV series)
Luis is an American sitcom starring Luis Guzmán that aired on Fox from September 19 to October 17, 2003. Scheduled in the Friday night death slot, the series received low ratings and was canceled after four episodes. The series was the first show of the 2003-04 season to be canceled.
Mokaya
Mokaya were pre-Olmec cultures of the Soconusco region in Mexico and parts of the Pacific coast of western Guatemala, an archaeological culture that developed a number of Mesoamerica's earliest-known sedentary settlements.

The Soconusco region is generally divided by archaeologists into three adjacent zones along the coast—the Lower Río Naranjo region (along the Pacific coast of western Guatemala), Acapetahua, and Mazatán (both on the Pacific coast of modern-day Chiapas, Mexico). These three zones are about 50 km apart along the coast, but they are connected by a natural inland waterway, which could have permitted easy communication in prehistoric times.

The term Mokaya was coined by archaeologists to mean "corn people" in an early form of the Mixe–Zoquean language, which the Mokaya supposedly spoke.

Río Naranjo (Guatemala)
The Río Naranjo is a river in south-west Guatemala. Its sources are located in the Sierra Madre mountain range in the western department of San Marcos. From there, it flows past the town of Coatepeque in the department of Quetzaltenango through the coastal plains of Retalhuleu into the Pacific Ocean.

The Naranjo river basin covers an area of 1,273 square kilometres (492 sq mi) with a population of approximately 272,611 people.
Arthur Duff (Royal Navy officer)
Admiral Sir Arthur Allan Morison Duff, KCB, JP, DL (19 April 1874 – 5 April 1952) was a Royal Navy officer.

Duff was the son of General A. G. Duff.

In 1913, Duff was given command of the light cruiser HMS Birmingham. Duff was in command of the ship when, on 9 August 1914, she rammed the German submarine U-15 off Fair Isle, cutting her in two, becoming the first German submarine to be sunk in the First World War. In 1916, Duff later commanded Birmingham at the Battle of Dogger Bank and the Battle of Jutland.

Duff was promoted to KCB in the 1929 New Year Honours. He was promoted to Admiral on 8 May 1930 and was placed on the Retired List on 15 May.

SM U-15 (Germany)
SM U-15 was one of the three Type U 13 gasoline-powered U-boats produced by the German Empire for the Imperial German Navy. On 9 August 1914, U-15 became the first U-boat lost to an enemy warship after it was rammed by British light cruiser HMS Birmingham in the North Sea.
Juan Alonso Hernández Hernández
Juan Alonso Hernández Hernández (born 15 November 1960) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). From 2002 to 2003 he served in the Chamber of Deputies during the 58th Congress, representing Hidalgo's 1st district as the alternate of Carolina Viggiano Austria.

1st federal electoral district of Hidalgo
The 1st federal electoral district of Hidalgo (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 01 de Hidalgo) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of seven such districts in the state of Hidalgo.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative period by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the fourth region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Daniel Andrade Zurutuza of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).
Parallel Universes (film)
Parallel Universes is a 2001 documentary produced by the BBC's Horizon series. The documentary has to do with parallel universes, string theory, M theory, supergravity, and other theoretical physics concepts. Participants include Michio Kaku, Paul Steinhardt, and other physicists.

The program is about explanation of the Big Bang theory through the M theory and that there are many other parallel universes with different laws of physics.

It has been rated 4 star by BBC, History Channel and 41⁄2 by Discovery Networks.

Michio Kaku
Michio Kaku (/ˈmiːtʃioʊ ˈkɑːkuː/; Japanese: カク ミチオ, 加來 道雄; born January 24, 1947) is an American theoretical physicist, science communicator, futurologist, and writer of popular science. He is a professor of theoretical physics at the City College of New York and the CUNY Graduate Center. Kaku is the author of several books about physics and related topics and has made frequent appearances on radio, television, and film. He is also a regular contributor to his own blog, as well as other popular media outlets. For his efforts to bridge science and science fiction, he is a 2021 Sir Arthur Clarke Lifetime Achievement Awardee.

His books Physics of the Impossible (2008), Physics of the Future (2011), The Future of the Mind (2014), and The God Equation: The Quest for a Theory of Everything (2021) became New York Times best sellers. Kaku has hosted several television specials for the BBC, the Discovery Channel, the History Channel, and the Science Channel.
Army Men: World War - Final Front
Army Men: World War - Final Front (released in Europe as Army Men: Lock 'n' Load) is a 2001 third-person shooter video game developed and published by The 3DO Company for the PlayStation. It is the third installment in the World War subseries.

The 3DO Company
The 3DO Company was an American video game company based in Redwood City, California. It was founded in 1991 by Electronic Arts founder Trip Hawkins in a partnership with seven other companies to develop the 3DO standard of video gaming hardware. When 3DO failed in the marketplace, the company exited the hardware business and became a third-party video game developer and published well-known games series like Army Men, Battletanx, High Heat Major League Baseball and Might and Magic. It went bankrupt in 2003 due to poor sales of its games.
Islamic feminism
Islamic feminism is a form of feminism concerned with the role of women in Islam. It aims for the full equality of all Muslims, regardless of gender, in public and private life. Islamic feminists advocate for women's rights, gender equality, and social justice grounded in an Islamic framework. Although rooted in Islam, the movement's pioneers have also utilized secular, Western, or otherwise non-Muslim feminist discourses, and have recognized the role of Islamic feminism as part of an integrated global feminist movement.

Advocates of the movement seek to highlight the teachings of equality in the religion, and encourage a questioning of patriarchal interpretations of Islam by reinterpreting the Quran and Hadith.

Prominent thinkers include Begum Rokeya, Amina Wadud, Leila Ahmed, Fatema Mernissi, Azizah al-Hibri, Riffat Hassan, Asma Lamrabet, and Asma Barlas.

Polygyny in Islam
Traditional Sunni and Shia Islamic marital jurisprudence allows Muslim men to be married to multiple women (a practice known as polygyny)—up to four wives at a time under Islamic law—with the stipulation that if the man fears he is unable to treat more wives fairly he must marry only one. Marriage by a woman to multiple husbands (polyandry) is haram (forbidden).

Contemporary views on the practice vary. Some think it is no longer socially useful and should be banned (Rasha Dewedar). Some hold that it should be allowed only in cases of necessity (Muḥammad ʿAbduh). One school (Shafi‘i) has ruled it makruh: that is, Islamically allowed but discouraged. Still others feel it is part of the Islamic marriage system and that denying it is tantamount to denying "the wisdom of divine decree" (Bilal Philips and Jamila Jones).
Xenna Hughes
Xenna Hughes (born 19 September 1992) is a Welsh international field hockey player who plays both as a forward or defender for Wales.

She plays club hockey in the Women's England Hockey League Premier Division for Bowdon.

She represented Wales at the 2014 Commonwealth Games and 2018 Commonwealth Games.

Hughes made her international debut for Wales on 29 September 2012 v India.

Women's England Hockey League
The Women's England Hockey League is a field hockey league organised by England Hockey that features women's teams from England.  From 2011–2020 it was sponsored by Investec and was referred to as the Investec Women's Hockey League.
Weigel's
Weigel's is a convenience store chain based in Powell, Tennessee with 84 locations in the East Tennessee region. They also own and operate Broadacre Dairy Inc, which processes milk, tea, juices, and eggnog for their convenience stores, as well as its own bakery, Red Barn Foods.

Eggnog
Eggnog /ˈɛɡˌnɒɡ/ (or egg nog), historically also known (when alcoholic) as milk punch or egg milk punch, is a rich, chilled, sweetened, creamy dairy-based beverage traditionally made with milk and/or cream, sugar, whipped eggs (which gives it a frothy texture) and, in some contexts, distilled spirits such as brandy, rum or bourbon.

Eggnog is traditionally consumed throughout Canada and the United States at Christmas every year, often from American Thanksgiving through the end of the Christmas season. During this period commercially prepared eggnog is sold in grocery stores in these countries. Eggnog is also often homemade. Distilled spirits are sometimes added to both commercially prepared eggnog and homemade eggnog. Eggnog or eggnog flavoring may also be used in other drinks, such as coffee (e.g. an "eggnog latte" espresso drink) and tea, or to dessert foods such as egg-custard puddings or eggnog-flavored ice cream.
Emery School
The Emery School is an historic former school building at 116 Hill Street in Biddeford, Maine.  Built in 1912-13 to a design by Miller & Mayo of Portland, it is historically significant for its role the city's education, and architecturally as a fine example of a "modern" elementary school building of the period. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on November 18, 2011.  The building has been converted to residential housing units.

Biddeford, Maine
Biddeford (/ˈbɪdɪfərd/ BID-if-ərd) is a city in York County, Maine, United States. It is the principal commercial center of York County. Its population was 22,552 at the 2020 census. The twin cities of Saco and Biddeford include the resort communities of Biddeford Pool and Fortunes Rocks. The town is the site of the University of New England and the annual La Kermesse Franco-Americaine Festival. First visited by Europeans in 1616, it is the site of one of the earliest European settlements in the United States. It is home to Saint Joseph's Church, the tallest building in Maine.

Biddeford is a principal population center of the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan statistical area.
Storholmen Lighthouse
Storholmen Lighthouse (Norwegian: Storholmen fyr) is an active lighthouse in Giske Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county on the west coast of Norway. This remote lighthouse is located on a tiny skerry about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) due north of the tiny island of Erkna and 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) northwest of the populated island of Vigra. The light is lit from 16 July until 21 May. It is not lit during the summer because it is unnecessary due to the midnight sun.

The lighthouse was only accessible by boat in calm seas during the summer, since boats cannot land on the tiny island. Goods and people had to be hoisted onto the island from the sea. From 1970 and until the lighthouse was automated in 1980, transport to the lighthouse was done by helicopter. The narrow 4-by-4-metre (13 ft × 13 ft) landing pad could only be used by very experienced pilots.

Midnight sun
Midnight sun, also known as polar day, is a natural phenomenon that occurs in the summer months in places north of the Arctic Circle or south of the Antarctic Circle, when the Sun remains visible at the local midnight. When midnight sun is seen in the Arctic, the Sun appears to move from left to right. In Antarctica, the equivalent apparent motion is from right to left. This occurs at latitudes ranging from approximately 65°44' to exactly 90° north or south, and does not stop exactly at the Arctic Circle or the Antarctic Circle, due to refraction.

The opposite phenomenon, polar night, occurs in winter, when the Sun stays below the horizon throughout the day.