hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mediterranean Theater of Operations, United States Army
The Mediterranean Theater of Operations, United States Army (MTOUSA), originally called the North African Theater of Operations, United States Army (NATOUSA), was a military formation of the United States Army that supervised all U.S. Army forces which fought in North Africa and Italy during World War II.

United States Army operations in the theater began with Operation Torch, when Allied forces landed on the beaches of northwest Africa on 8 November 1942, and concluded in the Italian Alps some 31 months later, with the German surrender in Italy on 2 May 1945. For administrative purposes, U.S. components were responsible to Headquarters North African Theater of Operations, United States Army (NATOUSA), which was created 14 February 1943. NATOUSA was redesignated Mediterranean Theater of Operations, United States Army (MTOUSA), on 26 October 1944.

Surrender at Caserta
The Surrender at Caserta (Italian: Resa di Caserta, pronounced [ˈreːza di kaˈzɛrta, ˈreːsa -, - kaˈsɛrta]) of 29 April 1945 was the written agreement that formalized the surrender of German and Italian Fascist forces in Italy, ending the Italian Campaign of World War II.
Leke script
The Leke script, previously known as Karen Chicken Scratch script, is an abugida used to write the Pwo Karen language and Sgaw language in Burma (Myanmar) and Thailand by members of the Lehkai Ariya religion. It has 25 consonants, 17 vowels and 3 tones. The script also has a unique set of numerals and punctuation, such as a full stop (period) and a comma.

Leke is a phonemic script: words are written the way they are pronounced. In modern Leke script, consonants are written first, then the vowels and tones are written around them. In text encoding, the vowels of a syllable always follow the consonant, even the two vowels dwia thwai and ri yah, though they're written to the left of the consonant.

Phoneme
A phoneme (/ˈfoʊniːm/) is a set of similar speech sounds that are perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single basic sound—a smallest possible phonetic unit—that helps distinguish one word from another. All languages contain phonemes (or the spatial–gestural equivalent in sign languages), and all spoken languages include both consonant and vowel phonemes. Phonemes are studied under phonology, a branch of linguistics (a discipline encompassing language, writing, speech and related matters).

Phonemes are often represented, when written, as a glyph (a character) enclosed within two forward-sloping slashes /. For example, /k/ represents the phoneme or sound used at the beginning of the English-language word cat (as opposed to, say, the /b/ of bat).
Swarmatron
The Swarmatron is an analogue synthesizer developed by Dewanatron, consisting of cousins Brian and Leon Dewan. Hand-made by the Dewans, it has eight oscillators controlled by a single ribbon controller. The oscillators are linked through a 'swarm' control, giving it a distinctive sound that flows in and out of unison, comparable to the noise a swarm of bees produces.

Dewanatron sell their Swarmatron through Big City Music of Los Angeles. As of March 2016, only 83 had been produced.

Unison
In music, unison is two or more musical parts that sound either the same pitch or pitches separated by intervals of one or more octaves, usually at the same time. Rhythmic unison is another term for homorhythm.
Stephen Dawson (politician)
Stephen Noel Dawson (born 30 July 1975) is an Australian politician who has been a Labor Party member of the Legislative Council of Western Australia since 2013, representing the Mining and Pastoral Region. He is the current Minister for Emergency Services, Minister for Innovation and the Digital Economy, Minister for Medical Research, Science , Minister assisting the Minister for State and Industry Development, Jobs and Trade, and Deputy Leader of the Government in the Legislative Council.

Western Australian Labor Party
The Western Australian Labor Party, officially known as WA Labor, is the Western Australian branch of the Australian Labor Party (ALP). It is the current governing party of Western Australia since winning the 2017 state election under Mark McGowan.
Prince Hoare
Prince Hoare is the name of two English artists, both closely related to William Hoare.

Prince Hoare (elder) (1711–1769), sculptor, brother of William Hoare

Prince Hoare (younger) (1755–1834), painter and playwright, son of William Hoare

Prince Hoare (younger)
Prince Hoare (1755 – 22 December 1834) was an English painter, art critic, dramatist and librettist. ('Prince' is a given name, not a royal title.)  Among many interventions in Britain's art scene around 1800, Hoare was active in the Royal Academy as its Secretary for Foreign Correspondence.
Pristimantis quaquaversus
Pristimantis quaquaversus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found on the lower Amazonian slopes of the Andes from northern Ecuador south to the Cordillera de Cutucú and Cordillera del Cóndor as well as the adjacent northern Peru.

Strabomantidae
The Strabomantidae, sometimes called cloud forest landfrogs, are a family of frogs native to South America. These frogs lack a free-living larval stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets". This family includes Pristimantis, the most speciose genus of any vertebrate. Based on molecular dating, the Holoadeninae in particular appears to have originated in the Eocene. The Oligocene-Miocene transition was also found to be important to their biogeographical history. However, the lack of Holoadeninae fossils and limited nucleotide data ambiguates the results, by the authors' admission.
Ortvin Sarapu
Ortvin Sarapu MBE (born Ortvin Sarapuu; 22 January 1924 – 13 April 1999), known in New Zealand as "Mr Chess", was an Estonian-born chess player who emigrated to New Zealand and won or shared the New Zealand Chess Championship 20 times from 1952 to 1990.

Oldenburg (city)
Oldenburg (German pronunciation: [ˈɔldn̩bʊʁk] ⓘ; Northern Low Saxon: Ollnborg) is an independent city in the state of Lower Saxony, Germany.  The city is officially named Oldenburg (Oldb) (Oldenburg in Oldenburg) to distinguish from Oldenburg in Holstein.

During the French annexation (1811–1813) in the wake of the Napoleonic war against Britain, it was also known as Le Vieux-Bourg in French. The city is at the rivers Hunte and Haaren, in the northwestern region between the cities of Bremen in the east and Groningen (Netherlands) in the west. According to Germany's 2022 census, the city's population is 176.068 in 2024. Oldenburg is part of the Northwest Metropolitan Region, which is home to approximately 2.8 million people.

The city is the place of origin of the House of Oldenburg. Before the end of the German Empire (1918), it was the administrative centre and residence of the monarchs of Oldenburg.
Roman Holowinsky
Roman Holowinsky (born July 26, 1979) is an American mathematician known for his work in number theory and, in particular, the theory of modular forms.  He is currently an associate professor with tenure at the Ohio State University.

Holowinsky was awarded the SASTRA Ramanujan Prize in 2011 for his contributions to "areas of mathematics influenced by the genius Srinivasa Ramanujan", for proving, with Kannan Soundararajan, an important case of the quantum unique ergodicity (QUE) conjecture.  In 2011, Holowinsky was also awarded a Sloan Fellowship.

Holowinsky received a Bachelors in Science Degree from Rutgers University in 2001. Afterwards, he continued his studies at Rutgers and received his PhD in 2006 under the direction of Henryk Iwaniec.

In 2017, he founded the Erdős Institute, a multi-university collaboration focused on helping graduate students, postdocs, and graduate alumni find rewarding jobs in industry.

Henryk Iwaniec
Henryk Iwaniec (born October 9, 1947) is a Polish-American mathematician and a professor at Rutgers University since 1987. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Polish Academy of Sciences. He has made important contributions to analytic and algebraic number theory as well as harmonic analysis. He is the recipient of Cole Prize (2002), Steele Prize (2011), and Shaw Prize (2015).
2015–16 Indiana State Sycamores men's basketball team
The 2015–16 Indiana State Sycamores basketball team represented Indiana State University during the 2015–16 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Sycamores, led by sixth year head coach Greg Lansing, played their home games at the Hulman Center and were members of the Missouri Valley Conference. They finished the season 15–17, 8–10 in Missouri Valley play to finish in a tie for sixth place. They defeated Illinois State in the quarterfinals of the Missouri Valley tournament to advance to the semifinals where they lost to Evansville.

2016 Missouri Valley Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2016 Missouri Valley Conference men's basketball tournament, popularly referred to as "Arch Madness", was the Missouri Valley Conference's postseason tournament which was held March 3–6, 2016 at the Scottrade Center in St. Louis. The tournament was won by Northern Iowa, who defeated Evansville in the championship game. As a result, Northern Iowa received the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament.
Trapped (Tupac Shakur song)
"Trapped" is a Political hip-hop song written and performed by American rapper 2Pac. It was released on September 25, 1991, through Interscope Records as the lead single from his debut solo studio album 2Pacalypse Now. Recording sessions took place at Starlight Sound Studio in Richmond, California. Production was handled by Ramone "Pee-Wee" Gooden, who utilised samples from the Bar-Kays's "Holy Ghost" and James Brown's "The Spank".

It deals with police brutality. The first verse tells a story of 2Pac being harassed by the police with one even shooting at him. He then fires back and says he did it because he was tired of constantly being profiled and abused by police officers.

The song was featured on 2Pac's 1998 posthumous Greatest Hits album.

Greatest Hits (Tupac Shakur album)
Greatest Hits is a posthumous double-disc greatest hits album by American rapper 2Pac, released by Amaru Entertainment, Death Row Records, Interscope Records, and Jive Records on November 24, 1998.

The album's non-chronological sequence focuses on the highlights of 2Pac's career. 21 of his tracks are accompanied by four previously unreleased songs: "God Bless the Dead", "Unconditional Love", "Troublesome '96", and "Changes". Some tracks have alternate mixes, while the original mix of "California Love" makes its first proper album appearance after initially only being available as a single.

"Changes" earned 2Pac the first and only posthumous Grammy Award nomination for Best Rap Solo Performance. This is one of two 2Pac releases—and one of only nine hip-hop albums—to have been certified Diamond in the United States.
Albéric Aurtenèche
Albéric Aurtenèche is a Canadian film director. He is most noted for his short film Opening Up (M'ouvrir), which won the Jutra Award for Best Live Action Short Film at the 13th Jutra Awards in 2011.

Born in Paris, France and raised in Montreal, Quebec, he studied film at Concordia University. In addition to Opening Up, he has also directed the short films Non-lieu (2006), L'appel du vide (2008), Sigismond sans images (2016) and Que votre empire s'étende (2019).

His debut feature film, La Contemplation du mystère, entered production in 2019, and was longlisted for the Directors Guild of Canada's DGC Discovery Award in 2020.

Gala Québec Cinéma
The Gala Québec Cinéma is a Quebec film award, presented annually by Québec Cinéma, which recognizes talent and achievement in the mainly feature film industry of Quebec. Until 2016, it was known as La soirée des prix Jutra (The evening of the Jutra prizes) in reference of influential Quebec film director Claude Jutra, but Jutra's name was withdrawn from the awards following the publication of Yves Lever's biography of Jutra, which alleged that he had sexually abused children.

It should not be confused with the Claude Jutra Award, a special award presented by the Academy of Canadian Cinema & Television as part of the separate Canadian Screen Awards program which was also renamed in 2016 following the allegations against Jutra.
Luca Capecchi
Luca Capecchi (born 4 August 1974) is an Italian former footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

Capecchi has played for Baracca Lugo, A.S. Cittadella, Pisa Calcio, A.S. Sora and Ravenna Calcio. In January 2008, he joined Cagliari Calcio on loan until June.

Cagliari Calcio
Cagliari Calcio, commonly referred to as Cagliari (Italian: [ˈkaʎʎari] ⓘ), is a professional Italian football club based in Cagliari, Sardinia, that plays in Serie A, the first tier of Italian football. The club currently plays home matches at the 16,416-seat Unipol Domus.

Founded in 1920, they won their first and only Scudetto in 1969–70, when they were led by the Italian national team's all-time leading scorer, Gigi Riva. The triumph was also the first by a club from south of Rome. The club's best European performance was in the 1993–94 UEFA Cup, reaching the semi-finals before losing to eventual winners Internazionale.

As with the flag of its city, Cagliari's main colours are blue and red. The club badge incorporates the flag of Sardinia.
3x3 basketball at the 2009 Asian Youth Games
3x3 basketball at the 2009 Asian Youth Games was contested by 19 teams in the boys' tournament and 16 teams in the girls' tournament. All games were held at Anglican High School, Singapore. The competition was held using the FIBA 33 ruleset developed by the sport's worldwide governing body, FIBA.

2009 Asian Youth Games
2009 Asian Youth Games, officially known as the 1st Asian Youth Games and also known as Singapore 2009, was a pan-continental multi-sport event held in the city state of Singapore from 29 June to 7 July 2009, with 90 events in 9 sports.

The plan for the Asian Youth Games was part of Singapore's bid to stage the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics (YOG). The purpose was to allow youths to use the chance to benchmark their performances against youth teams from Asian nations. The Games also provided Singapore with an opportunity to test organisational and logistical capabilities in advance of the 2010 YOG. The organisation of the Games, spearheaded by the Singapore Sports Council, cost S$15 million, which was part of the $130 million for YOG.
Boelckea
Boelckea beckii is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Plantaginaceae. It is the sole species in genus Boelckea. It is an annual herb growing up to 30 cm tall. It is endemic to Bolivia, where it is known from three or four collections at Ixiamas and Luisita in Abel Iturralde Province and at Noel Kempff Mercado National Park in José Miguel de Velasco Province. It lives in humid savanna from 180 to 233 meters elevation. It is assessed as endangered, with a limited range and threatened with habitat loss from cattle grazing and introduced grasses.

Ixiamas Municipality
Ixiamas Municipality is the first municipal section of the Abel Iturralde Province in the  La Paz Department, Bolivia. Its seat is Ixiamas.

In 2019, the municipality created the Área Municipal de Conservación y Manejo del Bajo Madidi (about 1,535,487 hectares (15,355 km2)); its creation received technical support from Conservation International Bolivia. Work in the area has also included support for sustainable production initiatives with Indigenous communities.
Marylebone Studios
Marylebone Studios was a British film studio in London. Established in the late 1930s, it had two stages in a converted church hall near the Edgware Road. The studio worked with Hammer Films on films, including the adaptations of the Dick Barton radio show. Production on additional films in the series ceased after the star was killed in a crash. Henry Halsted was the studio's owner and production supervisor. The studio eventually moved into advertisements and documentaries.

The Bespoke Overcoat (1956), which was filmed at the studio, won an Academy Award at the 29th Academy Awards for Best Short Subject (Two-Reel).

Nicolas Roeg began his film career at Marylebone Studios as a tea boy before moving up to clapper-loader.

Radio program
A radio program, radio programme, or radio show is a segment of content intended for broadcast on radio. It may be a one-time production, or part of a periodically recurring series. A single program in a series is called an episode.
Schweizer cargo glider designs
The Schweizer cargo glider designs were a series of design proposals made to the United States Army Air Forces by the Schweizer Aircraft Corporation of Elmira, New York during the Second World War. None of the designs was accepted by the USAAF and no cargo gliders were built by Schweizer during the war.

The four designs proposed are of note due to having been assigned Schweizer model numbers. Due to the lack of production of these designs, Schweizer concentrated on designing and building the TG-2 and TG-3 training gliders instead. When the training glider contracts were completed Schweizer turned to subcontract work for other aircraft manufacturers. This trend continued after the war when Schweizer would increasingly turn to subcontract work to supplement the small amount of revenue realized from designing and building gliders.

Elmira, New York
Elmira (/ɛlˈmaɪrə/) is a city in and the county seat of Chemung County, New York, United States. It is the principal city of the Elmira, New York, metropolitan statistical area, which encompasses Chemung County. The population was 26,523 at the 2020 census, down from 29,200 at the 2010 census, a decline of more than 7 percent.

The City of Elmira is in the south-central part of the county, surrounded on three sides by the Town of Elmira.  It is in the Southern Tier of New York, a short distance north of the Pennsylvania state line.

The city was the site of the Elmira Prison, a prisoner-of-war camp that held over 12,000 captured Confederate soldiers during the American Civil War. Elmira College is located within the city.
Vasyugan Swamp
The Vasyugan Swamp (Russian: Васюганские болота, romanized: Vasyuganskiye bolota), also the Great Vasyugan Mire  is the largest swamp in the northern hemisphere as well as the largest peatland in the world. It is located in Russia, in southwestern Siberia. Covering most of the Vasyugan Plain, it occupies 53,000 km2 (13,000,000 acres), which is about 2% of the whole area of peat bogs of the world. The swamp is located in the Novosibirsk, Omsk, and Tomsk regions of Russia within the watershed of Ob River and Irtysh River, and stretches between latitudes 55°35' and 58°40' North, and longitudes 74°30' and 83°30' East.

Novosibirsk Oblast
Novosibirsk Oblast (Russian: Новосиби́рская о́бласть, romanized: Novosibirskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in southwestern Siberia. Its administrative and economic center is the city of Novosibirsk, the third-largest city in the country. As of the 2021 Census, Novosibirsk Oblast had a population of 2,797,176 with the majority, 1.63 million, lives in Novosibirsk.
Anna-Maria Haas
Anna-Maria Haas (March 9, 1909 in Vienna – 1996 in Vienna), was an Austrian woman, who on May 3, 1982, was distinguished by Yad Vashem as Righteous Among the Nations for protecting Jews during World War II.

Righteous Among the Nations
Righteous Among the Nations (Hebrew: חֲסִידֵי אֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם ḥasidei ummot ha'olam) is an honorific used by the State of Israel to describe all of the non-Jews who, out of altruism, risked their lives in order to save Jews from being exterminated by Nazi Germany during the Holocaust. The term originates from the concept of ger toshav, a legal term used to refer to non-Jewish observers of the Seven Laws of Noah.

Recent research has complicated dominant historical narratives about rescue of Jews during the Holocaust. The vast majority of rescue was enabled by the exchange of money, goods, or services, while many survivors concealed complicating facts in applications of Yad Vashem.
Thomas Cane
Thomas Cane is a former Chief Judge of the Wisconsin Court of Appeals.

A graduate of University of Michigan BBA, Marquette University Law School JD and University of Virginia Law School LLM, Cane served in the United States Air Force Judge Advocate General's Corps for three years on Okinawa during the Vietnam War. He would achieve the rank of captain. Following his career in the military, Cane worked in a private practice in Kaukauna, Wisconsin. He later became Assistant District Attorney of Outagamie County, Wisconsin.

Kaukauna, Wisconsin
Kaukauna (/kəˈkɔːnə/) is a city located on former Menominee and Ho-Chunk territory in Outagamie and Calumet counties, Wisconsin, United States. It is situated on the Fox River, approximately 100 miles (160 km) north of Milwaukee. The population was 17,089 at the 2020 census. It is a part of the Appleton, Wisconsin Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Killing of Fatemeh Soltani
On April 16, 2025, 17-year-old Iranian girl Fatemeh Soltani (b. December 11, 2007) was killed by her father in the city of Eslamshahr, Tehran Province. Her death was widely covered in Persian-language media and social networks as another instance of honor killings in Iran, sparking debate about legal protections and the murder of women in the country.

Eslamshahr
Eslamshahr (Persian: اسلامشهر) known as Shadshahr (Persian: شادشهر) is a city in the Central District of Eslamshahr County, Tehran province, Iran. Serving as capital of both the county and the district.
Aruba at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Aruba was represented at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia by the Aruban Olympic Committee. It was the nation's fourth appearance at the Olympics, after debuting in 1988.

In total, five athletes including three men and two women represented Aruba in three different sports including athletics, judo and swimming.

Aruban Olympic Committee
The Aruban Olympic Committee (Papiamento: Comité Olímpico Arubano) was established in 1985 after Aruba separated from the Netherlands Antilles. Previously, Aruba was represented by the Netherlands Antilles Olympic Committee (NAOC). It received recognition the following year from the International Olympic Committee (IOC).
Siti Aminah Aching
Siti Aminah binti Aching (born 25 March 1962) is a Malaysian politician who has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Beaufort since November 2022. She served as the Deputy Minister of Plantation and Commodities in the Unity Government administration under Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim and Minister Fadillah Yusof from December 2022 to December 2023. She is a member and the Division Women Chief of Beaufort of the United Malays National Organisation of Sabah (Sabah UMNO), a branch of a component party of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition. Siti Aminah was the first Bisaya to join the government as a deputy minister in the history of Malaysia.

Beaufort (federal constituency)
Beaufort is a federal constituency in  Interior Division (Beaufort District and Kuala Penyu District), Sabah, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat since 1995.

The federal constituency was created in the 1994 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Dewan Rakyat under the first past the post voting system.
1988 Taipei Women's Championships – Singles
The singles tournament for the 1988 Taipei Women's Championships was a 32-draw with qualifiers.

Anne Minter was the defending champion but did not compete that year.

Stephanie Rehe won in the final 6–4, 6–4 against Brenda Schultz.

Brenda Schultz-McCarthy
Brenda Anne Marie Schultz-McCarthy (born 28 December 1970) is a former Dutch tennis player. Primarily known by her maiden name Brenda Schultz, she married Sean McCarthy, a former American football player at University of Cincinnati, on 8 April 1995 and took his name. Schultz is known for her fast serve; she has the eighth-fastest serve ever recorded by a female tennis player.