hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pan-African e-Network project
The Pan-African e-Network project is an information and communications technology (ICT) project between India and the African Union that seeks to connect the 55 member states of the Union through a satellite and fibre-optic network to India and to each other to enable access to and sharing of expertise between India and African states in the areas of tele-education, telemedicine, Voice over IP, infotainment, resource mapping, meteorological services, e-governance and e-commerce services. The project is often described as Africa's biggest ever in the ICT sector and is expected to extend ICT infrastructure to rural and previously underserved areas. The project is seen as an example of India furthering its economic and strategic interests in Africa through the use of soft diplomacy and has been acclaimed as an instance of South–South cooperation, helping to overcome the digital divide in Africa.

Fiber-optic communication
Fiber-optic communication is a form of optical communication for transmitting information from one place to another by sending pulses of infrared or visible light through an optical fiber. The light is a form of carrier wave that is modulated to carry information. Fiber is preferred over electrical cabling when high bandwidth, long distance, or immunity to electromagnetic interference is required. This type of communication can transmit voice, video, and telemetry through local area networks or across long distances.

Optical fiber is used by many telecommunications companies to transmit telephone signals, internet communication, and cable television signals. Researchers at Bell Labs have reached a record bandwidth–distance product of over 100 petabit × kilometers per second using fiber-optic communication.
Ellopia
Ellopia (Ἑλλοπία) or Hellopia (Ἕλλοπία) was a town and district of ancient Euboea, in the northwest of the island. Strabo reports a tradition that the town was founded by the mythical Ellops the son of Ion who may have been the brother of Aïclus and Cothus. Ellopia was in the territory of Oreus (previously named Histiaea) near the mountain Telethrius, and Ellops later added to his dominions Histiaea, Perias, Cerinthus, Aedepsus, and Orobia; in this last place was an oracle most averse to falsehood (it was an oracle of Apollo Selinuntius). The Ellopians migrated to Histiaea and enlarged the city, being forced to do so by Philistides the tyrant, after the Battle of Leuctra. In addition, the names Ellopia and Hellopia were applied to the entire island of Euboea at times.

Its site is tentatively located near the modern Kastaniotissa.

Euboea
Euboea (/juːˈbiːə/ yoo-BEE-ə; Ancient Greek: Εὔβοια, romanized: Eúboia, IPA: [ěu̯boi̯a]), also known as Evia (/ˈɛviə/ EV-ee-ə; Modern Greek: Εύβοια, IPA: [ˈevi.a]), is the second-largest Greek island in area and population, after Crete, and the sixth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. It is separated from Boeotia in mainland Greece by the narrow Euripus Strait (only 40 m (130 ft) at its narrowest point), the North Euboean Gulf, and the South Euboean Gulf. In general outline it is a long and narrow island; it is about 180 km (110 mi) long, and varies in breadth from 50 km (31 mi) to 6 km (3.7 mi). Its geographic orientation is from northwest to southeast, and it is traversed throughout its length by a mountain range, which forms part of the chain that bounds Thessaly on the east, and is continued south of Euboia in the lofty islands of Andros, Tinos and Mykonos.

It forms most of the regional unit of Euboea, which also includes Skyros and a small area of the Greek mainland.
Beilstein test
The Beilstein test is a simple qualitative chemical test for organic halides. It was developed by Friedrich Konrad Beilstein.

A copper wire is cleaned and heated in a Bunsen burner flame to form a coating of copper(II) oxide. It is then dipped in the sample to be tested and once again heated in a flame. A positive test is indicated by a green flame caused by the formation of a copper halide.  The test does not detect fluorine/fluorides.

This test is no longer frequently used. One reason why it is not widely used is that it is possible to generate the highly toxic chloro-dioxins if the test material is a polychloroarene.

An alternative wet test for halide is the sodium fusion test — this test converts organic material to inorganic salts include the sodium halide. Addition of silver nitrate solution causes any halides to precipitate as the respective silver halide.

Friedrich Konrad Beilstein
Friedrich Konrad Beilstein (Russian: Фёдор Фёдорович Бейльштейн; 17 February 1838 – 18 October 1906), was a Russian chemist and founder of the famous Handbuch der organischen Chemie (Handbook of Organic Chemistry). The first edition of this work, published in 1881, covered 1,500 compounds in 2,200 pages. This handbook is now known as the Beilstein database.
Federazione Nazionale Stampa Italiana
The Federazione Nazionale Stampa Italiana (Italian National Press Federation, FNSI) is the unitary trade union of the Italian journalists, which signs on their name the national collective agreement. Since 15 December 2015 it is chaired by Giuseppe Giulietti, replacing Santo Della Volpe after his death. The union secretary is Raffaele Lorusso.

Collective agreement
A collective agreement, collective labour agreement (CLA) or collective bargaining agreement (CBA) is a written contract negotiated through collective bargaining for employees by one or more trade unions with the management of a company (or with an employers' association) that regulates the terms and conditions of employees at work. This includes regulating the wages, benefits, and duties of the employees and the duties and responsibilities of the employer or employers and often includes rules for a dispute resolution process.
Aircraft Research BT-11
The Aircraft Research XBT-11 was to have been a basic trainer constructed by the Aircraft Research Corporation (formerly the Vidal Research Corporation) of Bendix, New Jersey, by molding "Weldwood", a "plastic" plywood composite material made of heat and pressure-processed phenol phenol-formaldehyde resins and wood similar to the Duramold process. The Duramold and Haskelite processes were first developed in 1937, followed by Eugene L. Vidal's Weldwood in 1938. A production contract, proposed in 1940, was cancelled before any were built.

Haskelite
Haskelite  is the brand name of a plywood, once made by the Michigan-based Haskelite Manufacturing Corporation. It was made from waterproof glue developed by Henry L. Haskell. The moldable plywood was originally called Ser-O-Ply. It was used in the construction of various vehicles including military tanks, boats, airplanes, buses, trucks, and automobiles. The plywood was manufactured with different characteristics depending on particular needs and then given a brand name.
Vârfuri
Vârfuri is a commune in Dâmbovița County, Muntenia, Romania, with a population of 1,842 people. It is composed of seven villages: Cârlănești, Cojoiu, Merișoru, Stătești, Șuvița, Ulmetu, and Vârfuri. It is located outside the town of Pucioasa.

Muntenia
Muntenia (Romanian pronunciation: [munˈteni.a], also known in English as Greater Wallachia) is a historical region of Romania, part of Wallachia (also, sometimes considered Wallachia proper, as Muntenia, Țara Românească, and the rarely used Valahia are synonyms in Romanian). It is situated between the Danube (south and east), the Carpathian Mountains (the Transylvanian Alps branch) and Moldavia (both north), and the Olt River to the west. The latter river is the border between Muntenia and Oltenia (or Lesser Wallachia). Part of the traditional border between Wallachia/Muntenia and Moldavia was formed by the rivers Milcov and Siret.
Foggy Bay
Foggy Bay is an Arctic waterway in the Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut, Canada. It is located in southwestern Queen Maud Gulf, off Nunavut's mainland.

Labyrinth Bay, Campbell Bay and Conolly Bay are nearby.

Queen Maud Gulf
Queen Maud Gulf lies between the northern coast of the mainland and the southeastern corner of Victoria Island in Nunavut, Canada. At its western end lies Cambridge Bay, leading to Dease Strait; to the east lies Simpson Strait; and to the north, Victoria Strait. It is home to the Queen Maud Gulf Migratory Bird Sanctuary.
Hove Mobile Park, North Dakota
Hove Mobile Park is a former city in Cavalier County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 2 at the 2000 census. According to the United States Census Bureau it was one of only five places in the United States with a population of two people. The others were Twombly, Maine; Success, New Hampshire; Oil Springs Reservation, Cattaraugus County, New York; and Monowi, Nebraska. The city government of Hove Mobile Park was dissolved in 2002.

Success, New Hampshire
Success is an unincorporated township in Coös County, New Hampshire, United States. It is located directly to the east of the city of Berlin, and borders on the state of Maine. Success is part of the Berlin, NH-VT Micropolitan Statistical Area.

As of the 2020 census, the township had a population of four. There are seasonal homes, cabins, and cottages mainly located around Success Pond, which give the township an additional small seasonal population.

As of 2005, one of the larger landowners in Success was the Androscoggin Valley Regional Refuse Disposal District.
1993 Lipton Championships – Men's singles
Pete Sampras defeated MaliVai Washington in the final, 6–3, 6–2  to win the men's singles tennis title at the 1993 Miami Open.

Michael Chang was the defending champion, but lost in the second round to Marcos Ondruska.

Kenny Thorne
Kenny Thorne (born January 24, 1966) is a former professional tennis player from the United States. Thorne played collegiately for Georgia Tech from 1985 to 1988, and then played professionally from 1989 to 1997. He is currently the head coach of the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets men's tennis team.
Xifengite
Xifengite (Fe5Si3) is a rare metallic iron silicide mineral. The crystal system of xifengite is hexagonal. It has a specific gravity of 6.45 and a Mohs hardness of 5.5. It occurs as steel gray inclusions within other meteorite derived nickel iron mineral phases.

It was first described in 1984 and named for the eastern passageway, Xifengkou, of the Great Wall of China. The type locality is the Yanshan meteorite of the Hebei Province, China. It has also been reported from dredgings along the East Pacific Rise.

The other known natural iron silicide minerals are gupeiite (Fe3Si), hapkeite (Fe2Si), linzhiite (FeSi2), luobusaite (Fe0.84Si2), naquite (FeSi), suessite ((Fe,Ni)3Si), and zangboite (TiFeSi2).

Hexagonal crystal family
In crystallography, the hexagonal crystal family is one of the six crystal families, which includes two crystal systems (hexagonal and trigonal) and two lattice systems (hexagonal and rhombohedral). While commonly confused, the trigonal crystal system and the rhombohedral lattice system are not equivalent (see section crystal systems below). In particular, there are crystals that have trigonal symmetry but belong to the hexagonal lattice (such as α-quartz).

The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice, and is the union of the hexagonal crystal system and the trigonal crystal system. There are 52 space groups associated with it, which are exactly those whose Bravais lattice is either hexagonal or rhombohedral.
Arthur Friedenreich
Arthur Friedenreich (18 July 1892 – 6 September 1969) was a Brazilian professional footballer who played as a forward. He was nicknamed The Tiger or Golden Foot. He played for the Brazil national team and was a record nine times top scorer of the state championship of São Paulo. He is occasionally cited as one of the all-time top scorers in football history, although this is highly disputed.

1922 South American Championship
The sixth edition of the South American Championship was scheduled to be held in Chile, but Brazil asked to host it as part of its 100th anniversary independence celebrations. Thus it was held in Rio de Janeiro between 17 September and 6 November 1922.
Clackamas Education Service District
Clackamas Education Service District is an  education service district that coordinates school events and activities throughout the school districts in Clackamas County, Oregon. Clackamas ESD serves the educational needs of students and families in Clackamas County – a geographic area of 1,879 square miles.

Clackamas ESD is governed by a citizen-elected Board of Directors and an appointed advisor representing employment training. Five of the Board positions represent geographical zones and two are designated at-large. All members serve four-year terms.

Clackamas County, Oregon
Clackamas County (/ˈklækəməs/ ⓘ CLAK-ə-məss) is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 421,401, making it Oregon's third-most populous county. Its county seat is Oregon City. The county was named after the native people living in the area at the time of the coming of Europeans, the Clackamas people, who are part of the Chinookan peoples.

Clackamas County is part of the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is in the Willamette Valley.
Palaeoscincus
Palaeoscincus (meaning "ancient lizard" from Greek: παλαιός palaios and Greek: σκίγγος skinkos) is a dubious genus of ankylosaurian dinosaur based on teeth from the mid-late Campanian-age Upper Cretaceous Judith River Formation of Montana. Like several other dinosaur genera named by Joseph Leidy (Deinodon, Thespesius, and Trachodon), it is an historically important genus with a convoluted taxonomy that has been all but abandoned by modern dinosaur paleontologists. Because of its wide use in the early 20th century, it was somewhat well known to the general public, often through illustrations of an animal with the armor of Edmontonia and the tail club of an ankylosaurid.

Tail club
In zoology, a tail club is a bony mass at the end of the tail of some dinosaurs and of some mammals, most notably the ankylosaurids and the glyptodonts, as well as meiolaniid turtles. It is thought that this was a form of defensive armour or weapon that was used to defend against predators, much in the same way as a thagomizer, possessed by stegosaurids, though at least in glyptodonts it is hypothesized it was used in fighting for mating rights. Among dinosaurs, the club was present mainly in ankylosaurids, although sauropods like Shunosaurus  and Kotasaurus also possessed a tail club. Victoria Arbour has established that ankylosaurid tails could generate enough force to break bone during impacts. In a separate study, Arbour suggested tail clubs as well as large armoured herbivores as a whole evolve when animals are too large to hide and too small to avoid predation by size alone.
Nevada High School (Arkansas)
Nevada High School (NHS) is an accredited comprehensive public high school located in Rosston, Arkansas, United States. NHS provides secondary education for more than 220 students in grades 7 through 12. It is one of three public high schools in Nevada County and one of two schools administered by the Nevada School District.

Communities in its service area, aside from Rosston, are Bodcaw, Cale, Laneburg, Oak Grove, and Willisville.

Nevada County, Arkansas
Nevada County (/nəˈveɪ.də/ nə-VAY-də) is a county located in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 8,310, less than half of its peak in 1920. The county seat is Prescott.  Nevada County is Arkansas's 63rd county, formed during the Reconstruction era on March 20, 1871, from portions of Hempstead, Ouachita and Columbia counties. It was named after the state of Nevada because of the perceived similarity between their physical shapes; the Arkansas county's shape, inverted, roughly follows the same outline as the state's boundary. It is an alcohol prohibition or dry county.
U.S. Route 14 in Wisconsin
U.S. Highway 14 (US 14) in the state of Wisconsin runs northwest–southeast across the western to southwest portions of the state. It links La Crosse and the southwestern portion of the state with Madison and Janesville. US 14 is mostly two-lane surface road with the exception of a few multilane urban arterials and a freeway section around Madison that it mostly shares with US 12.

Janesville, Wisconsin
Janesville is a city in and the county seat of Rock County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 65,615 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 66,428 in 2024, making it the tenth-most populous city in Wisconsin. The Janesville–Beloit Metropolitan statistical area, consisting solely of Rock County, has an estimated 165,461 residents in the 2024 estimate. It is located along the Rock River in southern Wisconsin.
LeRoy Hornbeck
LeRoy Hornbeck (September 30, 1875 – October 16, 1964) was an American college football coach, lawyer, and real estate developer. Hornbeck was the head football coach at Kalamazoo College in Kalamazoo, Michigan for one season, in 1902, compiling a record of 3–5–1.

Hornbeck was born Lenawee County, Michigan, and raised in Ithaca, Michigan. He attended Kalamazoo College, where he played football as a halfback. Hornbeck earned a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Chicago and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Michigan. He began practicing law in Kalamazoo, in 1901. Hornbeck founded the Kalamazoo  Board of Realtors. He died on October 16, 1964, at his home in Kalamazoo.

Lenawee County, Michigan
Lenawee County (/ˈlɛnəweɪ/ LEN-ə-way) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 99,423. The county seat is Adrian. The county was created in 1822, from territory partitioned from Monroe County. Its governing structure was organized in 1826.

Lenawee County comprises the Adrian, Michigan, micropolitan statistical area. It is served by the Toledo Media market. Lenawee County is home to the Potawatomi, Ottawa, Chippewa, Iroquois, Miami, Sauk, Fox, Mascoutens, and Huron tribes.
Financial intelligence (business)
Financial intelligence is a type of business intelligence constituted of the knowledge and skills gained from understanding finance and accounting principles in the business world and how money is being used. Although a fairly new term, financial intelligence has its roots in organizational development research, mostly in the field of employee participation. Financial intelligence has emerged as a best practice and core competency in many organizations leading to improved financial results, increased employee morale, and reduced employee turnover. Many organizations include financial intelligence programs in their leadership development curriculum. Financial intelligence is not an innate skill, rather it is a learned set of skills that can be developed at all levels.

Core competency
A core competency is a concept in management theory introduced by C. K. Prahalad and Gary Hamel. It can be defined as "a harmonized combination of multiple resources and skills that distinguish a firm in the marketplace" and therefore is the foundation of companies' competitiveness.

Core competencies fulfill three criteria:

Can be leveraged to define new opportunities and provides potential access to a wide variety of markets.

Should make a significant contribution to the perceived customer benefits of the end product or service.

Difficult to imitate by competitors and provides sustainable competitive advantage.

For example, a company's core competencies may include precision mechanics, fine optics, and micro-electronics.  These help it build cameras, but may also be useful in making other products that require these competencies.
Southwest Gas
Southwest Gas Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: SWX) is an investor-owned utility based in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States.

The company provides natural gas service to over 2 million residential, commercial, and industrial customers in parts of Arizona, Nevada, and California. At the end of 2021, Southwest had 1.15 million customers located in Arizona, 0.8 million in Nevada, and 0.2 million in California.

Victorville, California
Victorville is a city in the Victor Valley in San Bernardino County, California. Its population as of the 2020 census was 134,810.

Victorville is the principal city of a Victor Valley–based urban area defined by the United States Census Bureau: the Victorville–Hesperia–Apple Valley urban area had a population of 355,816 as of the 2020 census, making it the 117th largest in the United States.
Martin XT6M
The Martin XT6M was an American biplane torpedo bomber, designed and built by Martin for the United States Navy. Designated XT6M-1, it was powered a 575 hp (429 kW) Pratt & Whitney R-1860 radial engine and was delivered in 1930 for evaluation, but no others were built.

Glenn L. Martin Company
The Glenn L. Martin Company, also known as the Martin Company from 1917 to 1961, was an American aircraft and aerospace manufacturing company founded by aviation pioneer Glenn L. Martin. The Martin Company produced many important aircraft for the defense of the US and allies, especially during World War II and the Cold War. During the 1950s and 1960s, the Martin Company moved from the aircraft industry into the guided missile, space exploration, and space utilization industries.

In 1961, the Martin Company merged with American-Marietta Corporation, a large industrial conglomerate, forming the Martin Marietta corporation. In turn, Martin Marietta in 1995 merged with aerospace giant Lockheed Corporation to form the Lockheed Martin corporation.
European route E136
European route E136 is a European highway located entirely in Møre og Romsdal and Innlandet counties in Norway. The highway begins in the town of Ålesund in Møre og Romsdal county on the west coast of Norway, and it goes east up through the Romsdalen valley, crossing into the upper Gudbrandsdalen Valley to end at the village of Dombås in Dovre Municipality in Innlandet county.

Dovre Municipality
Dovre is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Gudbrandsdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Dovre. Other villages in Dovre include Dombås and Hjerkinn.

The 1,364.38-square-kilometre (526.79 sq mi) municipality is the 69th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Dovre Municipality is the 252nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,516. The municipality's population density is 1.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (4.7/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 7.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Kitodo
Kitodo (Abbr. of key to digital objects) is an open-source software suite intended to support mass digitization projects for cultural heritage institutions. The software implements international standards such as METS, MODS and other formats maintained by the Library of Congress. Kitodo consists of several independent modules serving different purposes such as controlling the digitization workflow, enriching descriptive and structural metadata, and presenting the results to the public in a modern and convenient way. It is used by archives, libraries, museums, publishers and scanning utilities.

Metadata Object Description Schema
The Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS) is an XML-based bibliographic description schema developed by the United States Library of Congress' Network Development and Standards Office. MODS was designed as a compromise between the complexity of the MARC format used by libraries and the extreme simplicity of Dublin Core metadata.