hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John T. Selden
John Taylor Selden (March 25, 1893 – May 30, 1964) was a decorated officer of the United States Marine Corps with the rank of lieutenant general. He commanded the 1st Marine Division during the Korean War and later Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton.

"V" device
A "V" device is a metal 1⁄4-inch (6.4 mm) capital letter "V" with serifs which, when worn on certain decorations awarded by the United States Armed Forces, distinguishes a decoration awarded for combat valor or heroism from the same decoration being awarded for a member's actions under circumstances other than combat.

The decorations with which a "V" may be authorized differ among the military services, as well as the manner in which the "V" is worn and the name by which it is referred to. Until 2017, each service also used different criteria in determining whether a "V" could be authorized.
Underground restaurant
An underground restaurant, sometimes known as a supper club or closed door restaurant, is a social dining restaurant operated out of someone's home, generally bypassing local zoning and health-code regulations. They are usually advertised by word of mouth or unwanted advertising. Websites such as BonAppetour have been created to help people find and book these restaurants.

Depending on the area's law, the establishments may be illegal, even though they have been around for decades. They are becoming increasingly popular in the U.S. and internationally, including Cape Town and the Netherlands, where they are known as 'huiskamer restaurants' ('living room restaurants').

Social dining
Social dining (by a group of people) is meeting either at someone's place or at restaurant to enjoy a meal together. It is a philosophy of using meals specifically as a means to connect with others: eat to socialize.

A brunch, dinner or supper party are popular examples of places to socially gather over food.

Social dining differs from a dining club in the sense that it is not exclusive, but promotes an inclusive atmosphere. Friends and strangers alike can share the social dining experience.
Innamincka Station
Innamincka Station, often called simply Innamincka, is a pastoral lease in the Australian state of South Australia. It operates as a cattle station. It is located about 4 kilometres (2 miles) north-east of the small township of the same name. 23 km (14 mi) west of the Queensland border, and 246 km (153 mi) south-east of Birdsville. As of 2012 the station – the second largest in South Australia after Anna Creek station – occupied an area of 13,552 square kilometres (5,232 square miles) and was owned by the pastoral company, S. Kidman & Co.

The name of the station derives from two Aboriginal words meaning your shelter and your home.

Cattle station
In Australia and New Zealand, a cattle station is a large farm (station is equivalent to the American ranch), the main activity of which is the rearing of cattle. The owner of a cattle station is called a grazier. The largest cattle station in the world is Anna Creek Station in South Australia, which covers an area of 23,677 square kilometres (9,142 sq mi; 5,851,000 acres).
1988–89 Honduran Liga Nacional
The 1988–89 Honduran Liga Nacional season was the 23rd edition of the Honduran Liga Nacional. The format of the tournament was the same as the 1987-88 season. This edition was a rematch of the 22st edition final. Real C.D. España defeated  Club Deportivo Olimpia in the final. Title holder and runner-up qualified for berths to the 1989 CONCACAF Champions' Cup.

1989 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
The 1989 CONCACAF Champions' Cup was the 25th edition of the CONCACAF Champions' Cup, the premier football club competition organized by CONCACAF, the regional governing body of North America, Central America, and the Caribbean.

UNAM won the final 4–2 on aggregate for their third CONCACAF club title.
London Buses route 180
London Buses route 180 is a Transport for London contracted bus route in London, England. Running between Erith Quarry and North Greenwich bus station, it is operated by Stagecoach London subsidiary Selkent.

London General
London General Transport Services Limited, trading as Go-Ahead London, is a bus company operating in Greater London. The London General brand is a subsidiary of Go-Ahead London and operates services under contract to Transport for London. The company is named after the London General Omnibus Company, the principal operator of buses in London between 1855 and 1933.
Michel Balinski
Michel Louis Balinski (born Michał Ludwik Baliński; October 6, 1933 – February 4, 2019) was an American and French applied mathematician, economist, operations research analyst and political scientist. Educated in the United States, from 1980 he lived and worked in France. He was known for his work in optimisation (combinatorial, linear, nonlinear), convex polyhedra, stable matching, and the theory and practice of electoral systems, jury decision, and social choice. He was Directeur de Recherche de classe exceptionnelle (emeritus) of the C.N.R.S. at the École Polytechnique (Paris). He was awarded the John von Neumann Theory Prize by INFORMS in 2013.

Michel Louis Balinski died in Bayonne, France. He maintained an active involvement in research and public appearances, his last public engagement took place in January 2019.

Mathematics of Operations Research
Mathematics of Operations Research is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal established in February 1976. It focuses on areas of mathematics relevant to the field of operations research such as continuous optimization, discrete optimization, game theory, machine learning, simulation methodology, and stochastic models. The journal is published by INFORMS (Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences). the journal has a 2024 impact factor of 1.9.
Pseudopolyps
Pseudopolyps are projecting masses of scar tissue that develop from granulation tissue during the healing phase in repeated cycle of ulceration (especially in inflammatory bowel disease) . Inflammatory tissue without malignant potential, pseudopolyps may represent either regenerating mucosal islands between areas of ulceration, edematous polypoid tags or granulation tissue covered by epithelium. There are reported cases when localized giant pseudopolyposis resulted in intestinal obstruction.

Residual mucosal islands between ulcerated and denuded areas of mucosa may have a polypoid appearance and are referred to as pseudopolyps. Polyposis syndromes, such as familial adenomatous polyposis, could give rise to a similar appearance on imaging, although the clinical presentation would differ from that of inflammatory pseudopolyposis.

Numerous, confluent ulcerations with bulging of the edematous residual mucosa determine a cobblestone appearance at endoscopy.

Physical examination
In a physical examination, medical examination, clinical examination, or medical checkup, a medical practitioner examines a patient for any possible medical signs or symptoms of a medical condition. It generally consists of a series of questions about the patient's medical history followed by an examination based on the reported symptoms. Together, the medical history and the physical examination help to determine a diagnosis and devise the treatment plan. These data then become part of the medical record.
Westhumble
Westhumble /wɛstˈhʌmbəl/ is a village in south east England, approximately 2 km (1.2 mi) north of Dorking, Surrey. The village is not part of a civil parish, however the majority of the settlement is in the ecclesiastical Parish of Mickleham.

The area is served by Box Hill & Westhumble railway station.

Norbury Park (managed by Surrey Wildlife Trust) is immediately to the north and there are several National Trust properties nearby, including Box Hill and Polesden Lacey. The Mole Gap Trail runs through the village, crossing the North Downs Way less than 0.40 km (0.25 mi) to the south.

The railway station is the southern terminus of the Thames Down Link walking route from Kingston upon Thames.

Polesden Lacey
Polesden Lacey is an Edwardian house and estate, located on the North Downs at Great Bookham, near Dorking, Surrey, England.  It is owned and run by the National Trust and is one of the Trust's most popular properties.

This Regency house was expanded from an earlier building, and extensively remodelled in 1906 by Margaret Greville, a well-known Edwardian hostess. Her collection of fine paintings, furniture, porcelain and silver is displayed in the reception rooms and galleries, as it was at the time of her celebrated house parties. The future George VI and Queen Elizabeth spent part of their honeymoon there in 1923.

The 1,400-acre (570 ha) estate includes a walled rose garden, lawns, ancient woodland and landscape walks.
Herry Iman Pierngadi
Herry Iman Pierngadi (born 21 August 1962) is an Indonesian badminton coach specialised in men's doubles. He is known for having trained seven world champions. He has served as the men's doubles head coach of the Malaysia national badminton team since 1 February 2025.

Malaysia national badminton team
The Malaysia national badminton team (Malay: Pasukan badminton kebangsaan Malaysia) is a badminton team that plays for Malaysia in international competitions. The men's team has won the Thomas Cup five times, most recently in 1992 and became runner-up nine times. In the Uber Cup competition, the women's team with the best results in 1975, 2004, 2008 and 2010 edition making it to the quarter-finals. Malaysia competed in the Sudirman Cup since 1989 with the best result in 2009, 2021 and 2023, placed third.
Pickle soup
Pickle soup is a style of soup prepared with various types of pickled vegetables. Dill pickle soup is a variety of pickle soup prepared with pickled cucumber. Some versions use grated dill pickle in their preparation. Some restaurants in the United States offer the dish to their patrons, such as Polish grocery stores and restaurants in Chicago's south side.

Brining
Brining is treating food with brine or coarse salt which preserves and seasons the food while enhancing tenderness. Flavor can be further developed with additions such as herbs, spices, sugar, caramel or vinegar. Meat and fish are typically brined for less than twenty-four hours while vegetables, cheeses and fruit are brined in a much longer process known as pickling. Brining is similar to marination, except that a marinade usually includes a significant amount of acid, such as vinegar or citrus juice. Brining is also similar to curing, which usually involves significantly drying the food, and is done over a much longer time period.
Agnès Jaoui
Agnès Jaoui (French: [aɲɛs ʒawi]; born 19 October 1964) is a French actress, screenwriter, film director and singer.

Jaoui has won six César Awards, three Lumière Awards, and a Best Screenplay Award at the Cannes Film Festival. She has received numerous other awards and nominations, including a nomination for Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.

Lumière Awards
The Lumière Awards (French: Prix Lumières), officially the Lumières de la presse internationale, are French film awards presented by the Académie des Lumières to honor the best in the French-speaking cinema of the previous year. The awards ceremony is organized by the Académie des Lumières which consists of over 200 representatives of the international press based in Paris. Today they are regarded as one of the most prestigious French film industry awards, and are considered France's equivalent to the Golden Globe Awards.
Farglory Financial Center
The Farglory Financial Center (Chinese: 遠雄金融中心) is a skyscraper located in Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan. It is the eighth tallest building in Taiwan and the fourth tallest in Xinyi Special District (after Taipei 101, Taipei Nan Shan Plaza and Cathay Landmark). The height of the building is 208 m (682 ft), the floor area is 61,147.58 m2 (658,187.1 sq ft), and it comprises 32 floors above ground, as well as 4 basement levels.

Xinyi District, Taipei
Xinyi District or Sinyi District is a district of Taipei, Taiwan.

Xinyi District includes Taipei 101, Taipei International Convention Center, Taipei World Trade Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall and various shopping malls and entertainment venues.
Russell Sage Wildlife Management Area
Russell Sage Wildlife Management Area, also referred to as Russell Sage WMA, is a 38,213-acre (15,464 ha) protected area in Caldwell, Morehouse, Ouachita, and Richland Parishes, Louisiana. It was the first WMA owned by the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries upon purchasing 15,000 acres of property in 1960. The WMA is located about seven miles east of Monroe and 10 miles west of Rayville. The 2,767-acre Kennedy Tract was purchased in 2015. There are 2,955 acres owned by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1,240 acres owned by the Ouachita Parish School Board, and 13,332 acre Ouachita WMA that was consolidated in 2015.

Rayville, Louisiana
Rayville is a town in and the parish seat of Richland Parish in northeastern Louisiana, United States. The population was 3,347 in the 2020 census, down nearly 21 percent from 4,234 in 2000.

The City Hall, located next to the U.S. Post Office across from U.S. Highway 80, is named for former Rayville Mayor Joe Kalil (1922–1996).
Fan-in
Fan-in is the number of inputs a logic gate can handle. For instance the fan-in for the AND gate shown in the figure is 3.  Physical logic gates with a large fan-in tend to be slower than those with a small fan-in. This is because the complexity of the input circuitry increases the input capacitance of the device. Using logic gates with higher fan-in will help in reducing the depth of a logic circuit; this is because circuit design is realized by the target logic family at a digital level, meaning any large fan-in logic gates are simply the smaller fan-in gates chained together in series at a given depth to widen the circuit instead.

Fan-in tree of a node refers to a collection of signals that contribute to the input signal of that node.

In quantum logic gates the fan-in always has to be equal to the number of outputs, the fan-out. Gates for which the numbers of inputs and outputs differ would not be reversible (unitary) and are therefore not allowed.

Unitary operator
In functional analysis, a unitary operator is a surjective bounded operator on a Hilbert space that preserves the inner product.
Non-trivial examples include rotations,  reflections, and the Fourier operator.
Unitary operators generalize unitary matrices.
Unitary operators are usually taken as operating on a Hilbert space, but the same notion serves to define the concept of isomorphism between Hilbert spaces.
Georg Müller (explorer)
Georg Müller (8 June 1790 – c. January 1826) was a German engineer and explorer.

Born in Mainz in 1790, Müller served in the French army during the Napoleonic wars and later in the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army. He went to Sambas in west Borneo in 1818 and undertook several exploration and mapping trips in subsequent years. While on an expedition to explore the upper Kapuas River early in 1826, Müller was ambushed and killed by the island's indigenous inhabitants.

The Müller Mountains are named after him.

Royal Netherlands East Indies Army
The Royal Netherlands East Indies Army (Dutch: Koninklijk Nederlands Indisch Leger; KNIL, pronounced [knɪl]; Indonesian: Tentara Kerajaan Hindia Belanda) was the military force maintained by the Kingdom of the Netherlands in its colony of the Dutch East Indies, in areas that are now part of Indonesia. The KNIL's air arm was the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army Air Force. Elements of the Royal Netherlands Navy and  Government Navy were also stationed in the Netherlands East Indies.
Rein Ahun
Rein Ahun (22 March 1940 – 14 December 2016) was an Estonian athletics coach.

He was born in Valga. In 1963 he graduated from Tartu State University's Institute of Physical Education.

In youth he was an athlete. 1954–1959 he was coached by Meinhard Kukli, and 1959–1963 Valter Kalam. He was focused on hammer throw.

From 1963 until 1967, he was a track and field athletics coach at Trudovye Rezervy. From 1980 until 1984, he was a lecturer at the Tallinn Polytechnic Institute. From 1984, he was an athletics coach at the Karksi-Nuia sports club, and from 1984 to 2004 he was also a physical education teacher at the August Kitzberg Gymnasium. Among his students were  Margus Hunt and Märt Israel.

Awards:

2003: (Estonian: Eesti Kultuurkapitali kehakultuuri ja spordi sihtkapitali aastapreemia)

2006: state sports prize (Estonian: riiklik spordipreemia)

2006: Order of the White Star, V class

Karksi-Nuia
Karksi-Nuia (before 1987 Nuia; German: Karkus-Nuija) is a town in Mulgi Parish, Viljandi County, southern Estonia close to the Latvian border. The nearest villages are Univere to the west, Polli and Karksi to the north, and Kõvaküla to the south.
Third bombardment of mount Lovćen
The Third bombardment of Mount Lovćen was a military engagement between the joint armies of Austria-Hungary and German Empire against the Kingdom of Montenegro in January 1916. It was a part of the Montenegrin campaign during World War I. After the fighting between 7 and 11 January 1916, the Austro-Hungarians were able to capture heavily fortified positions on the top of Lovćen mountain massif and later enter into Cetinje, former capital of Montenegro. A few days later, the Montenegrin army capitulated and the country was occupied.

Bay of Kotor
The Bay of Kotor (Serbo-Croatian: Boka kotorska / Бока которска, Italian: Bocche di Cattaro), also known as the Gulf of Kotor or just as the Boka (Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Бока), is a winding bay of the Adriatic Sea in southwestern Montenegro and the region of Montenegro concentrated around the bay. It is also the southernmost part of the historical region of Dalmatia. At the entrance to the Bay there is Prevlaka, a small peninsula in southern Croatia. The bay has been inhabited since antiquity. Its well-preserved medieval towns of Kotor, Risan, Tivat, Perast, Prčanj and Herceg Novi, along with their natural surroundings, are major tourist attractions. The Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Its numerous Orthodox and Catholic churches and monasteries attract numerous religious pilgrims and other visitors.
Kaykhosro Pournazeri
Kaykhosro Pournazeri (born in Kermanshah, Iran; 21 June 1944) is a composer and musician who plays Tanbour.

He studied music with musician Ostad Ali-Naqi Vaziri.

Kaykhosro Pornazeri founded the Shamss Ensemble in 1980 and combined Tanbour with the poetry of Rumi and the Daf frame drum. Tahmoures and Sohrab Pournazeri, his sons, are also members of this band.

Kermanshah
Kermanshah (Persian: کرمانشاه, romanized: Kermânšâh, pronounced [keɾmɒːnˈʃɒːʰ] ⓘ; Southern Kurdish: کرماشان, romanized: Kirmaşan.) is a city in the Central District of Kermanshah province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. The city is 525 kilometres (326 miles) from Tehran in the western part of the country. The 2016 National Census measured the population of the city as 946,651 (2025 estimate 1,117,000). Kermanshah is widely recognised as the largest Kurdish-populated city in Iran and one of the most significant urban centres of Kurdish culture in the region. The Kurdish dialect of the city, known as Kermashani, belongs to the Southern Kurdish branch of the Kurdish language family.
William Hargraft
William Hargraft (October 16, 1829 – July 8, 1887) was an Ontario merchant and political figure. He represented Northumberland West in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1875 to 1879 as a Liberal member.

He was born in Templemore, County Tipperary, Ireland in 1829, the son of the local postmaster, George Hargraft. He came to Cobourg, Upper Canada with his family in 1833. In 1853, he married Mary Ross. Hargraft served on the town council for Cobourg, also serving as mayor and a commissioner of the Cobourg Town Trust. He was a director of the Hand-in-Hand Fire Insurance Company.

His son John later served as a member of the House of Commons.

Cobourg
Cobourg (/ˈkoʊbɜːrɡ/ KOH-burg) is a town in the Canadian province of Ontario, located in Southern Ontario 95 km (59 mi) east of Toronto and 62 km (39 mi) east of Oshawa. It is the largest town in and seat of Northumberland County. Its nearest neighbour is Port Hope, 7 km (4 mi) to the west. It is located along Highway 401 (exits 472 and 474) and the former Highway 2 (now Northumberland County Road 2). To the south, Cobourg borders Lake Ontario. To the north, east and west, it is surrounded by Hamilton Township.
D9 (star)
D9 is a binary star system located in the S Cluster, a dense group of stars orbiting Sagittarius A* (SgrA*), the supermassive black hole at the center of Milky Way Galaxy. D9 is located approximately 26,000 light-years from Earth. It is the first confirmed binary star system observed in such close proximity to a supermassive black hole, challenging existing models of star formation and stability in extreme gravitational environments.

Supermassive black hole
A supermassive black hole (SMBH or sometimes SBH) is the largest type of black hole, with its mass being on the order of hundreds of thousands, or millions to billions, of times the mass of the Sun (M☉). Black holes are a class of astronomical objects that have undergone gravitational collapse, leaving behind spheroidal regions of space that nothing, not even light, can escape. Observational evidence indicates that almost every large galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center. For example, the Milky Way galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center, corresponding to the radio source Sagittarius A*. Accretion of interstellar gas onto supermassive black holes is the process responsible for powering active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and quasars.

Two supermassive black holes have been directly imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope; these are Sagittarius A, at the center of the Milky Way, and the black hole at the center of Messier 87, a giant elliptical galaxy.
Antrim International Cross Country
The Antrim International Cross Country, formerly the Belfast International Cross Country, is an annual cross country running meeting which takes place every January in Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is one of the IAAF's cross country permit meetings, as well as being part of the UK Cross Challenge tour. Previous winners include Paula Radcliffe, Paul Tergat and Steve Ovett.

Antrim, County Antrim
Antrim (Irish: Aontroim [ˈeːnˠt̪ˠɾˠɪmʲ]ⓘ, meaning 'lone ridge') is a town and civil parish in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It lies on the banks of the Six Mile Water on the north-east shore of Lough Neagh. It had a population of 25,606 people in the 2021 census. It is the county town of County Antrim and was the administrative centre of Antrim Borough Council until its 2015 merger with Newtownabbey Borough Council to form Antrim and Newtownabbey Borough Council. The town lies 14 miles (23 km) north-west of Belfast.
Aubenas-les-Alpes
Aubenas-les-Alpes is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of south-eastern France.

The commune has been awarded two flowers by the National Council of Towns and Villages in Bloom in the Competition of cities and villages in Bloom.

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (commonly shortened to PACA), sometimes  known as Région Sud, is one of the eighteen administrative regions of France, located at the far southeastern point of the mainland. The main prefecture and largest city is Marseille, France's second largest city proper after Paris and the 2nd largest urban area when combined with Aix-en-Provence with over 1.9 million residents.