hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alexander Alfonsovich Grossheim
Alexander Alfonsovich Grossheim (6 March 1888 – 4 December 1948) was a Soviet botanist of German descent. He traveled widely over the Caucasus region collecting and studying various different plant life. He is most known for Pteridophytes and Spermatophytes species.

Pteridophyte
A pteridophyte is a vascular plant with xylem and phloem that reproduces by means of spores. Because pteridophytes produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are sometimes referred to as "cryptogams", meaning that their means of reproduction is hidden. They are also the ancestors of the plants we see today.

Ferns, horsetails (often treated as ferns), and lycophytes (clubmosses, spikemosses, and quillworts) are all pteridophytes. However, they do not form a monophyletic group because ferns (and horsetails) are more closely related to seed plants than to lycophytes. "Pteridophyta" is thus no longer a widely accepted taxon, but the term pteridophyte remains in common parlance, as do pteridology and pteridologist as a science and its practitioner, for example by the International Association of Pteridologists and the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group.
Banbridge Area A
Banbridge Area A was one of the two district electoral areas in Banbridge, Northern Ireland which existed from 1973 to 1985. The district elected seven members to Banbridge District Council, and formed part of the South Down constituencies for the Northern Ireland Assembly and UK Parliament.

It was created for the 1973 local elections, and contained the wards of Ballydown, Central, Edenderry, Gilford, Lawrencetown, Loughbrickland and Seapatrick. It was abolished for the 1985 local elections and replaced by the Banbridge Town DEA and the Knockiveagh DEA.

1973 Banbridge District Council election
Elections to Banbridge District Council were held on 30 May 1973 on the same day as the other Northern Irish local government elections. The election used two district electoral areas to elect a total of 15 councillors.
Elisabeth Kemeys-Tynte, 10th Baroness Wharton
Elisabeth Dorothy Kemys-Tynte, 10th Baroness Wharton (4 May 1906 – 4 May 1974), an English peeress, was the daughter of Charles Theodore Halswell Kemeys-Tynte, 8th Baron Wharton. She inherited the barony from her brother John Kemeys-Tynte, 9th Baron Wharton.

Kemeys-Tynte married first on 17 May 1933 (divorced 1946) David George Arbuthnot (7 April 1905 – 14 November 1985), eldest son of John Bernard Arbuthnot and maternal uncle of journalists Alexander Cockburn, Andrew Cockburn, and Patrick Cockburn. They had two daughters. She married second 1946 (div 1958) St John Vintcent, with no issue.

After her death, the Barony went into abeyance for sixteen years until 1990 when it was brought out of abeyance in favour of her elder daughter, Ziki Robertson.

Abeyance
Abeyance (from the Old French abeance meaning "gaping") describes a state of temporary dormancy or suspension. In law, it can refer to a situation where the ownership of property, titles, or office is not currently vested in any specific person, but is awaiting the appearance or determination of the rightful owner. This typically applies to future estates that have not yet vested, and may never vest. For example, an estate is granted to A for life, with the remainder to the heir of B upon A's death. If B is still alive, the remainder is held in abeyance because B can have no legal heir until B's own death.

The term hold in abeyance is used in lawsuits and court cases when a case is temporarily put on hold.
Boris Rufimovich Vainberg
Boris Rufimovich Vainberg (Russian: Бори́с Руфи́мович Ва́йнберг) is a professor of mathematics at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. He was born in 1938. He received his Dr.S. from Moscow State University, under the supervision of Samarii Galpern. He taught mathematics at Moscow State University for nearly 30 years, then held a visiting professor position at the University of Delaware before taking his current position at UNCC.

His research concerns differential equations, scattering theory, and spectral theory. A survey of his research and publications is also presented in an article on his 80th birthday in the Russian Mathematical Surveys (Russian) and (English).

Spectral theory
In mathematics, spectral theory is an inclusive term for theories extending the eigenvector and eigenvalue theory of a single square matrix to a much broader theory of the structure of operators in a variety of mathematical spaces. It is a result of studies of linear algebra and the solutions of systems of linear equations and their generalizations. The theory is connected to that of analytic functions because the spectral properties of an operator are related to analytic functions of the spectral parameter.
Ryosuke Nikamoto
Ryosuke Nikamoto (二家本 亮介; born (1986-01-16)January 16, 1986) is a Japanese bassist. He is a member of Japanese band UK Rampage (有形ランペイジ, Yūkei Ranpeiji), and is associated with multiple other Japanese acts including rock group ZUTOMAYO, jazz group DIMENSION, and vocaloid music producers Deco*27 and sasakure.UK.

Born in the city of Iwakuni, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan, Nikamoto studied at the MESAR HAUS music school. Upon graduating, he taught bass there for a while. Nikamoto now plays as a session musician and touring musician, proficient in both electric bass and upright (acoustic) bass.

Iwakuni
Iwakuni (岩国市, Iwakuni-shi) is a city located in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 June 2023, the city had an estimated population of 127,512 in 65182 households and a population density of 157 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 873.72 square kilometres (337.35 sq mi).
Petrivtsi rural hromada
Petrivtsi rural hromada (Ukrainian: Петрівська селищна громада) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in Vyshhorod Raion, Kyiv Oblast. Its administrative center is the village of Novi Petrivtsi.

It has an area of 192.3 square kilometres (74.2 mi2) and a population of 12,001, as of 2020.

The hromada contains 4 settlements, which are all villages:

Kyiv Oblast
Kyiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Київська область, romanized: Kyivska oblast, IPA: [ˈkɪjiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also called Kyivshchyna (Київщинa, IPA: [ˈkɪjiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast (province) in central and northern Ukraine. It surrounds, but does not include, the city of Kyiv, which is administered as a city with special status. However, Kyiv also serves as the administrative center of the oblast. The Kyiv metropolitan area extends out from Kyiv city into parts of the oblast, which is significantly dependent on the urban economy and transportation of Kyiv.

The population of Kyiv Oblast is 1,795,079 (2022 estimate). Its largest city is Bila Tserkva, with a population over 200,000.

The Chernobyl Exclusion Zone is in the northern part of Kyiv Oblast. It is administered separately from the oblast and public access is prohibited.
Methandriol propionate
Methandriol propionate (brand name Metilbisexovis), or methylandrostenediol propionate, also known as 17α-methylandrost-5-ene-3β,17β-diol 3β-propionate, is a synthetic, injected anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) and a 17α-alkylated derivative of 5-androstenediol that is or was marketed by Vister in Italy. It is an androgen ester – specifically, the C3,17β propionate ester of methandriol (17α-methyl-5-androstenediol) – and acts as a prodrug of methandriol in the body. Methandriol propionate is administered by intramuscular injection and, relative to methandriol, has an extended duration via this route due to a depot effect afforded by its ester.

Propionic acid
Propionic acid (/proʊpiˈɒnɪk/, from the Greek words πρῶτος : prōtos, meaning "first", and πίων : píōn, meaning "fat"; also known as propanoic acid) is a naturally occurring carboxylic acid with chemical formula CH3CH2CO2H. It is an oily liquid with a pungent and unpleasant smell. The anion CH3CH2CO−2 as well as the salts and esters of propionic acid are known as propionates or propanoates.

About half of the world production of propionic acid is consumed as a preservative for both animal feed and food for human consumption. It is also useful as an intermediate in the production of other chemicals, especially polymers.
Masayuki Kakefu
Masayuki Kakefu (掛布 雅之, Kakefu Masayuki) (born May 9, 1955) is a Japanese former professional baseball third baseman. He played in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Hanshin Tigers from 1974 to 1988. Known as “Mr. Tigers”, the popular slugger batted .292 lifetime for the Tigers in his career while hitting over 300 home runs and driving 1,019 runs batted in to go along with three home run titles and seven selections to the Best Nine Award. In 1985, he hit 40 home runs and batted .300 as the Tigers went all the way to the Japan Series and won it for the first time in team history. Kakefu took part in what has been called one of the most famous moments in Tiger history on in the game played on April 17, 1985 when he hit the second of three consecutive home runs (Randy Bass hit the first while Akinobu Okada hit the third) against the Yomiuri Giants.

He was inducted into the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame in 2025.

Best Nine Award
The Best Nine Award is an annual Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) honor bestowed upon the best players across the Central League and Pacific League at each position during the season. As determined by a pool of journalists, one player from each position, plus one for the designated hitter in the Pacific League since 1975, is selected for the honor. The Central League plans to utilize the designated hitter starting in the 2027 season, which may possibly mean that they may amend the Best Nine Award to accommodate for a best player at the DH position just like the Pacific League does.
Walking on Thin Ice
"Walking on Thin Ice" is a song by Yoko Ono, released in 1981. She and John Lennon completed the recording of the song on December 8, 1980, hours before Lennon was murdered by Mark David Chapman. Lennon was holding the unmastered tape of the song when he was shot. The song was both a critical and commercial success for Ono.

Earl Slick
Earl Slick (born Frank Madeloni; October 1, 1952, in Brooklyn, New York) is an American guitarist best known for his collaborations with David Bowie, John Lennon, Yoko Ono and Robert Smith. He has also worked with other artists including John Waite, Tim Curry and David Coverdale, in addition to releasing several solo recordings, and two records with Phantom, Rocker & Slick, the band he formed with Slim Jim Phantom & Lee Rocker (both from Stray Cats).
Leopold Fulmek
Leopold Fulmek (9 November 1883 in Kattau in Meiseldorf – 17 June 1969 in Vienna) was an Austrian entomologist who specialised in Hymenoptera especially species parasitizing crop pests and therefore useful in biological control

After passing his Matura in Vienna (1902), Fulmek studied Zoology and Botany at the University of Vienna, graduating  in 1907. He was Direktor der BA f. Pflanzenschutz in Wien (Director of the Federal Institution for Plant Protection in Vienna) until 1945. After that he worked on the Hymenoptera collections at the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna.

Hymenoptera
Hymenoptera is a large order of insects, comprising the sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants. Over 150,000 living species of Hymenoptera have been described, in addition to over 2,000 extinct ones. Many of the species are parasitic. Females typically have a special ovipositor for inserting eggs into hosts or places that are otherwise inaccessible. This ovipositor is often modified into a stinger. The young develop through holometabolism (complete metamorphosis)—that is, they have a wormlike larval stage and an inactive pupal stage before they reach adulthood.
Luke Rhinehart
George Powers Cockcroft (November 15, 1932 – November 6, 2020), widely known by the pen name Luke Rhinehart, was an American novelist, screenwriter, and nonfiction writer. He is best known for his 1971 novel The Dice Man, the story of a psychiatrist who experiments with making life decisions based on the roll of a dice.

The Dice Man was critically well received and a commercial success. It quickly became and remains a cult classic. It was followed by two spiritual sequels in Adventures of Wim (1986) and The Search for the Dice Man (1993) as well as a companion volume called The Book of the Die (2000). Rhinehart wrote several other novels between 1986 and 2016, though none achieved the success of The Dice Man.

Spiritual successor
A spiritual successor (sometimes called a spiritual sequel) is a product or fictional work that is similar to, or directly inspired by, another previous product or work, but (unlike a traditional prequel or sequel) does not explicitly continue the product line or media franchise of its predecessor, and is thus only a successor "in spirit". Spiritual successors often have similar themes and styles to their preceding material, but are generally a distinct intellectual property.

In fiction, the term generally refers to a work by a creator that shares similarities to one of their earlier works, but is set in a different continuity, and features distinct characters and settings. Such works may arise when licensing issues prevent a creator from releasing a direct sequel using the same copyrighted characters and names as the original.
Non Valley
The Non Valley (Italian: Val di Non or Valle di Non; Nones: Val de Nòn; German: Nonstal; Latin: Anaunia) is a valley mainly in the Trentino. Moreover, the Deutsch Nonsberg (also known as simply Nonsberg, Alta Val di Non in italian), a subregion, consists of three primarily German-speaking municipalities in the province of South Tyrol, Northern Italy.

The most populous municipalities in the valley are Cles (the main town), Predaia, Ville d'Anaunia, Novella and Borgo d'Anaunia.

There are a total of 23 municipalities (comune):

The German-speaking Deutschnonsberg municipalities are:

Laurein

Proveis

Unsere Liebe Frau im Walde-St. Felix

The latter comune is connected to the rest of its province by the Gampenpass, while the other two are accessible through a tunnel under the Hofmahdjoch from the rest of South Tyrol since 1998.

The Nones language is named after and spoken in the valley.

Borgo d'Anaunia
Borgo d'Anaunia is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Trentino in the Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol. It was established on 1 January 2020 by the merger of the municipalities of Castelfondo, Fondo and Malosco.
1982 European Cup Winners' Cup final
The 1982 European Cup Winners' Cup Final was a football match contested between Barcelona of Spain and Standard Liège of Belgium. It was the final match of the 1981–82 European Cup Winners' Cup and the 22nd European Cup Winners' Cup final. The final was held on 12 May 1982 at Camp Nou in Barcelona, Spain, the home ground of FC Barcelona. Barcelona won the match 2–1 thanks to goals by Allan Simonsen and Quini. The 2nd goal for Barcelona was after a free kick. Barcelona player Quini took the free kick before the referee had blown his whistle. The referee approved this goal. This led to much frustration to the players of Standard. Standard Liège centre back Walter Meeuws was sent off in the final minute after receiving his second yellow card for a foul on Lobo Carrasco due to this incident.

It was the first Cup Winners' Cup final, where the match official was accompanied by three linesmen, instead of two.

Penalty card
Penalty cards are used in many sports as a means of warning, reprimanding or penalising a player, coach or team official. Penalty cards are most commonly used by referees or umpires to indicate that a player has committed an offence. The official will hold the card above their head while looking or pointing toward the player who has committed the offence. This action makes the decision clear to all players, as well as spectators and other officials in a manner that is language-neutral. The colour or shape of the card used by the official indicates the type or seriousness of the offence and the level of punishment that is to be applied. Yellow and red cards are the most common, typically indicating, respectively, cautions and dismissals.
Princess Josephine of Baden
Princess Josephine Friederike Luise of Baden (21 October 1813 – 19 June 1900) was Princess of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen from 27 August 1848 to 7 December 1849 during the brief reign of her husband, Prince Karl Anton. Josephine was the second daughter of Charles, Grand Duke of Baden, and Stéphanie de Beauharnais. She was the mother of the first king of Romania, Carol I. Through her younger daughter Marie, she is the ancestress of the Belgian royal family, the grand ducal family of Luxembourg as well as the last Queen of Italy and her descendants. Through her son, Leopold, she is also ancestress of the Romanian royal family and the Serbian and Yugoslav Royal House.

Marie-José of Belgium
Marie-José of Belgium (Marie-José Charlotte Sophie Amélie Henriette Gabrielle; 4 August 1906 – 27 January 2001) was Queen of Italy as the wife of Umberto II. Her 34-day tenure as queen consort earned her the nickname "the May Queen" (Italian: la regina di maggio).
Josephine Balmer
Josephine Balmer (born 1959) is a British poet, translator of classics and literary critic. She sets the daily Word Watch and weekly Literary Quiz for The Times.

She was born in 1959 in Hampshire and now lives in East Sussex.  She studied classics at University College, London and was awarded a PhD degree by publication by the University of East Anglia.

She was Chair of the British Translators' Association from 2002–2005, and reviews editor of the journal Modern Poetry in Translation from 2004–2009. She was a judge of poetry translation for the Stephen Spender Prize in 2006–2009 and 2015.

In 1989 her translation Sappho: Poems and Fragments was shortlisted for the inaugural US Lambda Literary Awards. In 2017 her collection The Paths of Survival was shortlisted for the London Hellenic Prize.

Stephen Spender
Sir Stephen Harold Spender CBE (28 February 1909 – 16 July 1995) was an English poet, novelist and essayist whose work concentrated on themes of social injustice and the class struggle. He was appointed U.S. Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress in 1965.
Sanford Consortium
32°53′22″N 117°14′39″W﻿ / ﻿32.88958°N 117.2441°W﻿ / 32.88958; -117.2441

The Sanford Consortium is a non-profit biomedical research institute in La Jolla, California. It was formed from a collaboration between the Burnham Biomedical Research Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Scripps Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, and the University of California, San Diego. The institute was previously known as the Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine (SCRM).

The 'consortium' research building is 136,700 square-feet. It is located on a 7.5-acre property nearby to and leased from UC San Diego. The development and construction of the building and facilities from 2007 through 2011 cost $106,572,300 in construction and $21,028,500 in equipment acquisition costs.

Research institute
A research institute, research centre, or research organization is an establishment founded for doing research. Research institutes may specialize in basic research or may be oriented to applied research. Although the term often implies natural science research, there are also many research institutes in the social science as well, especially for sociological and historical research purposes.
Kot Ameer Hussain
32°39′03″N 74°10′06″E﻿ / ﻿32.65083°N 74.16833°E﻿ / 32.65083; 74.16833

Kot Ameer Hussain (Urdu: کوٹ امیر حسین) is a village situated near University of Gujrat in Gujrat District, of the Punjab province, Pakistan.

Gujrat District
Gujrat (Punjabi, Urdu: ضلع گجرات) is a district of Gujrat Division in the Pakistani province of Punjab. The Gujrat District was created by the British Government in 1846. According to the 2023 Pakistani census, the population of the Gujrat District is 3,219,375.
Nicolas Fouquet
Nicolas Fouquet, marquis de Belle-Île, vicomte de Melun et Vaux (French pronunciation: [nikɔla fukɛ]; 27 January 1615 – 23 March 1680) was the Superintendent of Finances in France from 1653 until 1661 under King Louis XIV. He had a glittering career, and acquired enormous wealth. He fell out of favor, accused of peculation (maladministration of the state's funds) and lèse-majesté (disrespect to the monarch). The king had him imprisoned from 1661 until his death in 1680.

Embezzlement
Embezzlement (from Anglo-Norman, from Old French besillier ("to torment, etc."), of unknown origin) is a type of financial crime, usually involving theft of money from a business or employer. It often involves a trusted individual taking advantage of their position to steal funds or assets, most commonly over a period of time.
The New Beginning in Sapporo (2018)
The New Beginning in Sapporo (2018) was a professional wrestling event promoted by New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). The event took place on January 27 and 28, 2018, in Sapporo, Hokkaido, at the Hokkaido Prefectural Sports Center. The first night of the event featured nine matches, two of which were contested for championships, while the second night featured two championship matches out of nine matches overall.

In the main event of the first night, Minoru Suzuki defeated Hiroshi Tanahashi to become the new IWGP Intercontinental Champion, and on the second night Jay White defeated Kenny Omega to become the new IWGP United States Heavyweight Champion. This was the thirteenth event under the New Beginning name and the second to take place in Sapporo.

Professional wrestling championship
In professional wrestling, a championship or title is a recognition promoted by professional wrestling organizations. Championship reigns are determined by professional wrestling matches, in which competitors are involved in predetermined rivalries; these narratives create feuds between the various competitors, which usually cast them as either faces (heroes), heels (villains), or more rarely tweeners (morally ambiguous). The bookers in a company, who decide the winners and where the storyline goes, will place the title on the most accomplished performer or the one they believe will generate fan interest in terms of event attendance and television viewership.
Masked Rider (TV series)
Masked Rider is an American live-action superhero television series produced by Saban Entertainment and Toei Company, Ltd. It is an American adaptation of the 1988 Japanese television series Kamen Rider Black RX, It aired on Fox as part of the Fox Kids program block from September 16, 1995, to August 31, 1996, and then in syndication from September 9, 1996, to August 1997.

Superhero fiction
Superhero fiction is a subgenre of speculative fiction showcasing the adventures of costumed crime-fighters known as superheroes, who often possess superhuman powers and battle similarly powered criminals known as supervillains. The genre primarily falls between hard fantasy and soft science fiction in the spectrum of scientific realism, often merging into science fantasy. It is most commonly associated with comic books, though it has expanded into other media through adaptations and original works.
Vire
Vire (French pronunciation: [viʁ] ⓘ) is a town and a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Vire Normandie.

Calvados (department)
Calvados (UK: /ˈkælvədɒs/, US: /-doʊs, ˌkælvəˈdoʊs, ˌkɑːlvəˈ-/; French: [kalvados] ⓘ) is a department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. It takes its name from a cluster of rocks off the Normandy coast. In 2019, it had a population of 694,905.