hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Critique of Criminal Reason
Critique of Criminal Reason is an English language crime novel written by Michael Gregorio, the pseudonym of Michael G. Jacob and Daniela De Gregorio, two scholars teaching in Spoleto, Central Italy. It is set in Königsberg, during the height of Napoleonic Wars, in 1804.

It details the attempts of a young Prussian magistrate, named Hanno Stiffeniis, to catch a murderer who has committed a series of grotesque and unsettling murders in the city. He is aided in the task by a sergeant of the local police, Herr Köch, and together they create a pair of heroes slightly reminiscent of the   Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson tandem. Of note is the historical character of Immanuel Kant, who also takes an important part in the investigation.

The novel is  the first of a series of novels illustrating Hanno Stiffeniis' exploits. It was followed by Days of Atonement,  A Visible Darkness and  Unholy Awakening.

Dr. Watson
Dr. John H. Watson is a fictional character in the Sherlock Holmes stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Along with Sherlock Holmes, Dr. Watson first appeared in the novel A Study in Scarlet (1887). "The Adventure of Shoscombe Old Place" (1927) is the last work of Doyle featuring Watson and Holmes, although their last appearance in the canonical timeline is in "His Last Bow" (1917).

As Holmes's friend and confidant, Watson has appeared in various films, television series, video games, comics and radio programmes.
Istanbul Tanpınar Literature Festival
The Istanbul International Literature Festival (Turkish: İstanbul Tanpınar Edebiyat Festivali, ITEF), is an international literary event held in the city of Istanbul to focus on a variety of genres, and to bring together writers, publishers, literary translators, critics and journalists for a series of inspirational encounters. It is named after Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar.

Marjolijn Hof
Marjolijn Hof (born 1956) is a Dutch writer who lives in Amsterdam. She has won many awards including the "Gouden Uil Jeugd Literatuurprijs', the "Gouden Uil Prijs van de Jonge Lezer" and the "Gouden Griffel"..

In 2012 she received the Vlag en Wimpel award for her book Mijn opa en ik en het varken Oma with illustrations by Judith Ten Bosch. Ten Bosch also illustrated her book Een boek vol beesten - Neushoorn (2005).
Bourton, Cherwell
Bourton is a civil parish in the Cherwell district of Oxfordshire, England, including Great Bourton and Little Bourton.  According to the 2011 census it had a population of 614 across its total area of 6.98 km2.  The villages are about three miles north of Banbury.

Cherwell (district)
Cherwell (/ˈtʃɑːrwɛl/ CHAR-wel or /ˈtʃɜːrwɛl/ CHUR-wel) is a local government district in northern Oxfordshire, England. The district was created in 1974 and takes its name from the River Cherwell, which drains south through the region to flow into the River Thames at Oxford. Towns in Cherwell include Banbury, where the council is based, and Bicester. Kidlington is a contender for largest village in England.
Greg Chambers
Greg Chambers (born November 14, 1982, in Toronto, Ontario) is a British-Canadian ice hockey right winger who played for the Basingstoke Bison.

Chambers played junior hockey in the Ontario Hockey League with the Peterborough Petes where he led the Petes in Scoring before playing one playoff game for the Missouri River Otters of the United Hockey League.  He played one season in the ECHL for the Pensacola Ice Pilots before moving to Italy to play for Varese.

Chambers joined Basingstoke in 2005 and became a fan-favourite with the club. In 2007–08, Chambers led the team in goals (39), assists (56) and points (95).

Chambers joined Coventry Blaze in April 2009, after Basingstoke dropped to the English Premier League.

Peterborough Petes
The Peterborough Petes are a junior ice hockey team in the Ontario Hockey League. The team has played at the Peterborough Memorial Centre in Peterborough, Ontario, Canada, since 1956, and is the oldest continuously operating team in the league.
Viel Bjerkeset Andersen
Viel Bjerkeset Andersen (born 20 June 1963) is a Norwegian artist noted for her outdoor installations and photography, especially related to public buildings and structures.

Bjerkeset Andersen grew up in Bærum, with photography as her initial medium. She attended the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry, École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts, and the Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts.

She has won several awards and grants for her work, including the Beautiful Roads award, governmental grants from Norway, Finland, and France. Her work includes outdoor exhibits and design at schools, highways, tunnels, and hospitals all over Norway.

Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry
The National College of Art and Design (Norwegian: Statens håndverks- og kunstindustriskole) is a tertiary institution in Norway established in 1818.

In 1996, the National College of Art and Design became part of Oslo National Academy of the Arts (Kunsthøgskolen i Oslo, KHiO), along with the Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts, Norwegian National Academy of Opera, the Norwegian National Academy of Ballet, and the National Academy of Theatre (Statens teaterhøgskole).
Mount Halo
Mount Halo (previously known as Swastika Mountain) is a summit in Lane County, Oregon, in the United States. It is located within Umpqua National Forest.

The mountain took its previous name from the extinct town of Swastika (1909), which was reportedly so named because a rancher there branded his cattle with the image of a swastika.

A fire lookout tower stood atop Mount Halo until the 1950s.

In August 2022, the Oregon Geographic Names Board confirmed that the name of the mountain would be changed from Swastika Mountain, to avoid association with the Nazi Party. Two proposals for a new name, "Umpqua Mountain" (referring to the national forest which the mountain is located in) and "Mount Halo" (referring to Chief Halito, leader of the Yoncalla Kalapuya tribe), were submitted. The name of Mount Halo was chosen on April 13, 2023.

Kalapuya
The Kalapuya or Kʼalapʰuya are a Native American people, which had eight independent groups speaking three mutually intelligible dialects. The Kalapuya tribes' traditional homelands were the Willamette Valley of present-day western Oregon in the United States, an area bounded by the Cascade Range to the east, the Oregon Coast Range at the west, the Columbia River at the north, to the Calapooya Mountains of the Umpqua River at the south.

Today, most Kalapuya people are enrolled in the federally recognized Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon; in addition, some are members of the Confederated Tribes of the Siletz. In both cases descendants have often intermarried with people of other tribes in the confederated tribes, and are counted in overall tribal numbers, rather than separately. Most of the Kalapuya descendants live at the Grand Ronde reservation, located in Yamhill and Polk counties.
CellNetix
CellNetix Pathology & Laboratories, LLC, headquartered in Tukwila, Washington, is a premier anatomic pathology provider in the Pacific Northwest, with 60 physicians and more than 300 total staff. Services include cytology, histology, fine needle aspiration (FNA) services, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, UroVysion™, and molecular diagnostics.

CellNetix institutes pollution prevention planning and receives technical assistance from Washington State Department of Ecology.

Histology
Histology, also known as microscopic anatomy, microanatomy or histoanatomy, is the branch of biology that studies the microscopic anatomy of biological tissues. Histology is the microscopic counterpart to gross anatomy, which looks at larger structures visible without a microscope.

Historically, microscopic anatomy was divided into organology, the study of organs, histology, the study of tissues, and cytology, the study of cells, although modern usage places all of these topics under the field of histology. In medicine, histopathology is the branch of histology that includes the microscopic identification and study of diseased tissue. In the field of paleontology, the term paleohistology refers to the histology of fossil organisms.
Michel Zunino
Michel Zunino (June 12, 1889 – April 26, 1958), Knight of the Légion d'honneur, was a French wine grower and politician. Zunino was a Member of Parliament, representing Var from 1936 to 1942 and 1946 to 1956. Additionally, he represented Var in the first and second Constituent National Assemblies after the war. He was also active in the cooperative movement amongst wine growers.

French Parliament
The French Parliament (French: Parlement français, [paʁləmɑ̃ fʁɑ̃sɛ]) is the bicameral parliament of the French Fifth Republic, consisting of the Senate (Sénat) and National Assembly (Assemblée nationale). Each assembly conducts legislative sessions at separate locations in Paris: the Senate meets in the Palais du Luxembourg, the National Assembly convenes at the Palais Bourbon, both on the Rive Gauche.

Each house has its own regulations and rules of procedure. However, occasionally they may meet as a single house known as the Congress of the French Parliament (Congrès du Parlement français), convened at the Palace of Versailles, to revise and amend the Constitution of France.
Clark Scarff
Clark Steven Scarff (born 19 November 1948) is a former Australian cricketer who played four first-class matches for Western Australia across two seasons, 1969-70 and 1970-71. From Perth, Scarff made his first-class debut in a Sheffield Shield match against Victoria in February 1970, the last match of the 1969–70 season. Batting third behind Derek Chadwick and Terry Prindiville, he scored a half-century—67 runs—on debut, featuring in a 131-run partnership with Chadwick for the second wicket. Scarff's three other first-class matches came early in the following Sheffield Shield season. Elevated to the opening position with Chadwick, he failed to score heavily, and did not play at state level again. At grade cricket level, Scarff played for Melville, and served as the club's captain-coach for the 1974–75 season. After retiring from playing, he worked for a time as a financial planner, and later moved to Geraldton, where he opened a management training and consulting firm.

Geraldton
Geraldton (/ˈd͡ʒɛɹəltən/, JER-əl-tən; Wajarri: Jambinu, Wilunyu: Jambinbirri) is a coastal city in the Mid West region of Western Australia, 424 kilometres (263 mi) north of the state capital, Perth.

As of the 2021 census, Geraldton had an urban population of 38,595. Geraldton is the seat of government for the City of Greater Geraldton, which also incorporates the town of Mullewa, Walkaway and large rural areas previously forming the shires of Greenough and Mullewa.

The Port of Geraldton is a major west coast seaport. Geraldton is an important service and logistics centre for regional mining, fishing, wheat, sheep and tourism industries.
William de Shareshull
Sir William de Shareshull KB (1289/1290–1370) was an English lawyer and Chief Justice of the King's Bench from 26 October 1350 to 5 July 1361. He achieved prominence under the administration of Edward III of England.

He was responsible for the 1351 Statute of Labourers and Statute of Treasons. He is briefly mentioned in the poem Wynnere and Wastoure, dating from the 1350s.

Statute of Labourers 1351
The Statute of Labourers (25 Edw. 3. Stat. 2) was an act of the Parliament of England under King Edward III in 1351 in response to a labour shortage, which aimed at regulating the labour force by prohibiting requesting or offering a wage higher than pre-Plague standards and limiting movement in search of better conditions. The popular narrative about its success and enforcement holds that it was poorly enforced and did not stop the rise in real wages. However, immediately after the Black Death, real wages did not rise, despite the labour shortage.
Senate Properties
Senate Properties (in Finnish: Senaatti-kiinteistöt, in Swedish: Senatfastigheter) is a Finnish unincorporated state-owned enterprise, which manages a major part of the real estate assets owned by the Republic of Finland.

Judicial system of Finland
Under the Constitution of Finland, everyone is entitled to have their case heard by a court or an authority appropriately and without undue delay. This is achieved through the judicial system of Finland.

The Finnish judicial system is mostly organized under the Ministry of Justice, and consists of

the independent courts of law and administrative courts

the prosecution service

the enforcement authorities, who see to the enforcement of judgments

the prison service and the probation service, who see to the enforcement of custodial sentences, and

the Bar Association and the other avenues of legal aid.
Andres Jaramillo-Botero
Andres Jaramillo-Botero (born March 28, 1964) is a Colombian-American scientist and professor, working in nanoscale chemical physics, known for his contributions to first-principles based modeling, design, synthesis and characterization of nanostructured materials and devices.

Technical University of Valencia
The Polytechnic University of Valencia (Valencian: Universitat Politècnica de València; IPA: [univeɾsiˈtat poliˈtɛɡnika ðe vaˈlensi.a], Spanish: Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), shortened to UPV, is a Spanish university located in Valencia, with a focus on science, technology, and arts. It was founded in 1968 as the Higher Polytechnic School of Valencia and became a university in 1971, but some of its schools are more than 100 years old.
1994–95 in Swiss football
The following is a summary of the 1994–95 season of competitive football in Switzerland. This was the final season in Switzerland in which two points were awarded for a win; from the next season onwards this was to be changed to three points.

Three points for a win
Three points for a win is a standard used in many sports leagues and group tournaments, especially in association football, in which 3 points are awarded to the team winning a match, with no points awarded to the losing team. If the game is drawn, each team receives 1 point. Many leagues and competitions originally awarded 2 points for a win and 1 point for a draw, before switching to the three points for a win system. The change is significant in league tables, where teams typically play 30–40 games per season. The system places additional value on wins compared to draws so that teams with a higher number of wins may rank higher in tables than teams with a lower number of wins but more draws.
Gadong, Brunei
Kampong Pengkalan Gadong (Malay: Kampung Pengkalan Gadong) or commonly known as Gadong (Malay pronunciation: [gaˈdoŋ]), is a village in Brunei–Muara District, Brunei, as well as a neighbourhood and commercial area in the capital Bandar Seri Begawan. The population was 3,356 in 2021. It is one the villages within Mukim Gadong 'B'. The postcode is BE3719. It is a popular shopping and dining area in the city as well as in Brunei, with several shops, restaurants and cafes establishing their presence in the area. Notably, the area was formerly a rubber estate and was called Gadong Estate or Gadong Rubber Estate.

Villages of Brunei
A village (Malay: kampung or kampong) is the third and lowest administrative division of Brunei. It is headed by a village head (ketua kampung). Several villages are grouped together to form a mukim. A village is generally the traditional rural settlement, in particular in the sense of a kampong or Malay traditional village, but it may also be an urbanised settlement within or near the capital city or a town, or part of the public housing estates. The population varies from hundreds to a few thousands.
Väddö
Väddö is an island in the Baltic Sea in Roslagen district, Sweden. It is situated in Norrtälje Municipality. Together with the adjoined Björkö it is considered the seventh largest island of Sweden.

Väddö is separated from the mainland by the artificial Väddö Canal, first dug in the 16th century.

Norrtälje Municipality
Norrtälje Municipality (Swedish: Norrtälje kommun) is a municipality in Stockholm County in east central Sweden. Its seat is located in the city of Norrtälje.

It is the largest and northernmost municipality of Stockholm County and was created in 1971 through the amalgamation of several former municipalities. There are 25 original local government units (as of 1863) combined in the present municipality. Since the municipality was formed in 1971, the population has grown almost every year. With the exception of the mandate period 2014–2018, Norrtälje has had a non-socialistic municipal government since 2010.

Many of the houses in Norrtälje municipality are summer cottages, only inhabited during summertime. This is due to its geographical location by the Stockholm archipelago, which makes it popular among Stockholmers and tourists. Norrtälje municipality has more than 13 000 islands.
Recipe of a Hoe
"Recipe of a Hoe" is the second single released from Boss' debut album, Born Gangstaz. Though the single was not as successful as her previous one, "Recipe of a Hoe" still managed to become her second consecutive single to reach #1 on the Hot Rap Singles chart.

Hot Rap Songs
Hot Rap Songs (formerly known as Hot Rap Tracks and Hot Rap Singles) is a chart released weekly by Billboard in the United States. It lists the 25 most popular hip-hop/rap songs, calculated weekly by airplay on rhythmic and urban radio stations and sales in hip hop-focused or exclusive markets. Streaming data, digital downloads and All-Format radio stations were added to the methodology of determining chart rankings in 2012. From 1989 through 2001, it was based on how much the single sold in that given week.
Moon Beams
Moon Beams is a 1962 album by the jazz musician Bill Evans and the first trio album he recorded after the death of bassist Scott LaFaro. It introduces two important Evans originals, "Re: Person I Knew" (an anagram of the name of his then-producer, Orrin Keepnews), and "Very Early", which Evans had actually composed as an undergraduate. The originals serve as bookends to an album otherwise consisting of standards from the 1930s and 1940s.

Scott LaFaro
Rocco Scott LaFaro (April 3, 1936 – July 6, 1961) was an American jazz double bassist known for his work with the Bill Evans Trio. LaFaro broke new ground on the instrument, developing a countermelodic style of accompaniment rather than playing traditional walking basslines, as well as virtuosity that was practically unmatched by any of his contemporaries. Despite his short career and death at the age of 25, he remains one of the most influential jazz bassists, and was ranked number 16 on Bass Player magazine's top 100 bass players of all time.
Johnny Roeg
Nathan "Johnny" Roeg (6 January 1910 – 21 October 2003) was a Dutch footballer who played as a striker for Ajax.

Roeg was Jewish, and was one of only six Jewish players to have played for Ajax - the others being Eddy Hamel, Bennie Muller, Sjaak Swart, Daniël de Ridder and Ilan Boccara. During the Holocaust, he hid from the Nazis and managed to avoid being captured, while about 80 per cent of his fellow Amsterdam Jews were killed.

History of the Jews in Amsterdam
The history of the Jews in Amsterdam focuses on the historical center of the Dutch Jewish community, comprising both Portuguese Jews originally from both Spain and Portugal and Ashkenazi Jews, originally from central Europe. The two separate groups have had a continuing presence since the seventeenth century. Amsterdam has been called a Jerusalem of the West and the "Dutch Jerusalem". The Holocaust in the Netherlands devastated the Jewish community, with the Nazis murdering over 80% of Amsterdam's 79,000 Jews, but the community has managed to rebuild a vibrant and living Jewish life for its approximately 15,000 present members.
Can't Wait
"Can't Wait" is the second single released from Redman's second album, Dare Iz a Darkside. It is produced by Erick Sermon and Redman, and contains samples from "All Night Long" by Mary Jane Girls, "Caribbean Nights" by Bob James and "Just Rhymin' With Biz" by Big Daddy Kane and Biz Markie.

The song reached number five on Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales charts, number eleven on the Hot Rap Singles chart, number sixty one on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks chart and number ninety-four on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. It is the first of four Redman songs to reach the Billboard Hot 100 chart.

In a March 2012 interview with Complex, Erick Sermon mentioned producer Mike City used the production of Redman's "Can't Wait" as the inspiration behind two of his hits- "I Wish" by Carl Thomas as well as "Full Moon" by singer/actress Brandy.

Mary Jane Girls
The Mary Jane Girls were an American girl group formed in 1979, best known for their songs "In My House", "All Night Long", "Candy Man", and their cover version of "Walk Like a Man". They were protégées of musician Rick James and disbanded in 1987.

Joanne "Jojo" McDuffie was the lead singer, the others filling out the group's style and appearance. On the studio recordings, McDuffie was backed by session vocalists rather than the other Mary Jane Girls. The group released two albums in the 1980s, and recorded a third – which was shelved for decades but finally released in 2014 as part of a larger Rick James retrospective.

The group was inducted into the Rhythm & Blues Music Hall of Fame in 2019.
Tony Kelly (hurler)
Tony Kelly (Irish: Antaine Ó Ceallaigh) (born 15 December 1993) is an Irish hurler who plays for Clare Senior Championship club Ballyea and at inter-county level with the Clare county hurling team. He is the youngest hurler to win Hurler of the Year during 2013 at age 19, when he also won Young Hurler of the Year and the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship. Known for his skill, pace and athleticism, Tony Kelly is widely regarded to be the greatest Clare hurler of all time.

2012 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship
The 2012 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship was the 48th staging of the All-Ireland championship since its establishment in 1964. The draw for the 2012 fixtures took place in late 2011. The championship began on 6 June 2012 and ended on 15 September 2012. Galway were the defending champions.

Clare won the All-Ireland final after defeating Kilkenny by 2–17 to 2–11.
George Hanlon
George Hanlon (July 1917 – 28 January 2010) was an Australian race horse trainer. Born in South Australia he was inducted in the Australian Racing Hall of Fame in 2002.

Hanlon trained three Melbourne Cup winners; Piping Lane in 1972, Arwon in 1978 and Black Knight in 1984.

He also trained Family of Man who won the:

1977 and 1979 Alister Clark Stakes

1977 Caulfield Stakes

1977 W S Cox Plate

1978 William Reid Stakes

1978 Mackinnon Stakes.

Hanlon died in 2010, aged 92, at a nursing home in Geelong, Victoria where he had been living for the past year and a half.

Alister Clark Stakes
The Alister Clark Stakes is a Moonee Valley Racing Club Group 2 Thoroughbred horse race, for three-year-olds, at Set Weights, over a distance of 2040 metres, held annually usually at Moonee Valley Racecourse, Melbourne on a Friday night in March. Total prize money for the race is A$500,000.