hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of Formula One
Formula One automobile racing has its roots in the European Grand Prix championships of the 1920s and 1930s, though the foundation of the modern Formula One began in 1946 with the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile's (FIA) standardisation of rules, which was followed by a World Championship of Drivers in 1950.

The sport's history parallels the evolution of its technical regulations. In addition to the world championship series, non-championship Formula One races were held for many years, the last held in 1983 due to the rising cost of competition. National championships existed in South Africa and the United Kingdom in the 1960s and 1970s.

Tyrrell Racing
The Tyrrell Racing Organisation was an auto racing team and Formula One constructor founded by Ken Tyrrell (1924–2001) which started racing in 1958 and started building its own cars in 1970. The team experienced its greatest success in the early 1970s, when it won three Drivers' Championships and one Constructors' Championship with Jackie Stewart. The team never reached such heights again, although it continued to win races through the 1970s and into the early 1980s, taking the final win for the Ford Cosworth DFV engine at the 1983 Detroit Grand Prix. The team was bought by British American Tobacco in 1997 and completed its final season as Tyrrell in the 1998 Formula One season. Tyrrell's legacy continues as the Mercedes-AMG F1 team, who is Tyrrell's descendant through various sales and rebrandings via BAR, Honda, and Brawn GP.
Mijnden
Mijnden is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It was a part of the former municipality of Loenen. Since 2011 it has made part of the new formed municipality of Stichtse Vecht and lies about 12 km west of Hilversum.

The hamlet was first mentioned in 1235 as Minden. The etymology is unclear. The postal authorities have placed it under Nieuwersluis. In 1840, it was home to 270 people.

Stichtse Vecht
Stichtse Vecht is a municipality of the Netherlands and lies in the northwestern part of the province of Utrecht.

The municipality has about 63,000 inhabitants and covers an area of about 107 km2 (41 sq mi).

Stichtse Vecht was formed on 1 January 2011 by a merger of the municipalities of Breukelen (in the west), Maarssen (in the east) and Loenen (in the north).
Gold (Brian McKnight album)
Gold is a two-disc compilation album by American singer Brian McKnight that was released on the Hip-O Records label in 2007. The compilation is intended to be a career-spanning retrospective, and no fewer than two songs are selected from each of McKnight's albums. Songs range from his first album, Brian McKnight and span all the way through to his 2006 hit, Ten.

Brian McKnight (album)
Brian McKnight is the debut studio album of R&B singer Brian McKnight, released in 1992 by Mercury Records. It features his then-highest-charting single, "One Last Cry", which reached number 13 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and sold 500,000 copies. The album itself was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America.
Hökarängen
Hökarängen  is a district in the Farsta borough of southern Stockholm. It neighbours Fagersjö to the west, Farsta to the south, Sköndal to the east and Gubbängen to the north. As of 2017, the total population of Hökarängen is 9,564

The district was one of the first examples of the many new suburbs built along the new subway in the decades after World War II. The Hökarängen metro station is located in the district. It was opened on October 1, 1950, as part of the first route of the Stockholm metro, running from Slussen to Hökarängen. The station is on the green line (T18) and has two exits, one in the central part of Hökarängen (by Örbyleden), and the other in the southern part of the district, near Sirapsvägen.

Gubbängen
See also Gubbängen metro station for the metro station.

Gubbängen is a suburban district in the southern part of Stockholm. The metro station was opened in 1950. Gubbängen is located in Farsta which is a borough (stadsdelsområde) in Söderort in the southern part of Stockholm Municipality. Gubbängen contains City, a former cinema from the 1950s which currently hosts live theatre, concerts, art exhibitions, film and occasional flea markets.

59°15′46″N 18°04′55″E﻿ / ﻿59.26278°N 18.08194°E﻿ / 59.26278; 18.08194
Verghereto
Verghereto (Romagnol: Vargaréd; Tuscan: Vergareto (rare)) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Forlì-Cesena in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Bologna and about 50 kilometres (31 mi) south of Forlì.

The main parish church is San Michele Arcangelo, Verghereto.

Forlì
Forlì (/fɔːrˈliː/ for-LEE; Italian: [forˈli] ⓘ; Romagnol: Furlè [furˈlɛ]; Latin: Forum Livii) is a comune (municipality) and city in Emilia-Romagna, Northern Italy, and is, together with Cesena, the capital of the Province of Forlì-Cesena.

The city is situated along the Via Emilia, to the east of the Montone river, and is an important agricultural centre. The city hosts some of Italy's culturally and artistically significant landmarks; it is also notable as the birthplace of painters Melozzo da Forlì and Marco Palmezzano, humanist historian Flavio Biondo, physicians Geronimo Mercuriali and Giovanni Battista Morgagni. The University Campus of Forlì (part of the University of Bologna) is specialized in Economics, Engineering, Medicine, Political Sciences as well as the Advanced school of Modern Languages for Interpreters and Translators (SSLMIT).
Syed Husain Zaheer
Dr. Syed Husain Zaheer was an Indian chemist and the director general of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), the largest research and development organisation in India. Prior to taking up the directorship of CSIR, director, He served as the director of the Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, a division of CSIR, where he established the department of Biochemistry. After his superannuation from CSIR, he chaired the Board of Governors of the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 1972, for his contributions to science.

In 1951, along with Indra Kishore Kacker, he was the first to synthesize Methaqualone.

The Government of India in 1980 onwards, announced the "Syed Husain Zaheer Medal Award" to encourage outstanding work in the field of engineering & technology under Department of Science and Technology

India portal

Science portal

Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
The CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology is a national-level research center located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India under the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). IICT conducts research in basic and applied chemistry, biochemistry, bioinformatics, chemical engineering and provides science and technology inputs to the industrial and economic development of the country. IICT has filed one of the maximum CSIR patents.
2011 World Archery Championships – Men's individual recurve
The men's individual recurve competition at the 2011 World Archery Championships took place on 5–10 July 2011 in Torino, Italy. It marked the first World Championships where the Archery Olympic Round, introduced in 2010, was used for the recurve elimination rounds. 199 archers competed in the qualification round on 5 July; the top 104 archers qualified for the knockout tournament on 7–8 July, with the semi-finals and finals on 10 July. The tournament doubled as the principal qualification tournament for the 2012 Olympics.

Third seed Kim Woo-jin won the men's individual competition, defeating fellow Korean Oh Jin-hyek in the final in four sets.

2011 World Archery Championships
The 2011 World Archery Championships was the 46th edition of the event. It was held in Turin, Italy on 2–10 July 2011 and was organized by International Archery Federation (FITA). The event was contested in two different areas. The preliminary rounds were held at the Palazzina di caccia of Stupinigi in Nichelino (10km south-west of Turin) and the finals were held at the Piazza Castello in Turin.

The top eight teams in the recurve competition for men and women qualified for the 2012 Summer Olympics, as eight athletes from NOC's not already qualified qualified quotas for their countries.
Protodaedalea
Protodaedalea is a genus of fungi in the family Auriculariaceae. Species produce bracket-like basidiocarps (fruit bodies) on wood with a lamellate (gilled) undersurface. The genus currently comprises two species, both known from Asia.

Auriculariaceae
The Auriculariaceae are a family of fungi in the order Auriculariales. Species within the family were formerly referred to the "heterobasidiomycetes" or "jelly fungi", since many have gelatinous basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that produce spores on septate basidia. Around 100 species are known worldwide. All are believed to be saprotrophic, most growing on dead wood. Fruit bodies of several Auricularia species are cultivated for food on a commercial scale, especially in China.
Draco (military standard)
The draco ("dragon" or "serpent", plural dracones) was a military standard of the Roman cavalry. Carried by the draconarius, the draco was the standard of the cohort, as the eagle (aquila) was that of the legion.

The draco may have been introduced to the Roman army after the Dacian Wars by Dacian (see Dacian draco) and Sarmatian units in the second century. According to Vegetius, in the fourth century a draco was carried by each legionary cohort.

Aquila (Roman)
An aquila (Classical Latin: [ˈakᶣɪla]; lit. 'eagle') was a prominent symbol used in ancient Rome, especially as the standard of a Roman legion. A legionary known as an aquilifer, the "eagle-bearer", carried this standard. Each legion carried one eagle. It represents the Eagle of Jove (Aëtos), being Jove the "Father of the Roman state".

The eagle had quasi-religious importance to the Roman soldier, far beyond being merely a symbol of his legion. To lose a standard was seen as extremely grave, shameful and dishonorable, and the Roman military went to great lengths both to protect a standard and to recover one if it were to be lost. For example,  after the annihilation of three legions in the Teutoburg Forest, the Romans spent decades retaliating for the defeat while also attempting to recover the three lost eagles.

No legionary eagle standards are known to have survived. However, other Roman eagles, either symbolizing imperial rule or used as funerary emblems, have been discovered.
Gmina Myszyniec
Gmina Myszyniec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrołęka County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Myszyniec, which lies approximately 38 kilometres (24 mi) north of Ostrołęka and 132 km (82 mi) north of Warsaw.

The gmina covers an area of 228.59 square kilometres (88.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 10,182 (out of which the population of Myszyniec amounts to 3,014, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,168).

Ostrołęka County
Ostrołęka County (Polish: powiat ostrołęcki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Ostrołęka, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only town in Ostrołęka County is Myszyniec, which lies 38 km (24 mi) north of Ostrołęka.

The county covers an area of 2,099.32 square kilometres (810.6 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 88,717, out of which the population of Myszyniec is 3,408 and the rural population is 85,309.
Silia gens
The gens Silia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome.  Members of this gens are mentioned as early as the fifth century BC, but first to hold the consulship was Publius Silius Nerva, in the time of Augustus.  The Silii remained prominent until the time of the Severan dynasty, in the early third century.

Roman naming conventions
Over the course of some fourteen centuries, the Romans and other peoples of Italy employed a system of nomenclature that differed from that used by other cultures of Europe and the Mediterranean Sea, consisting of a combination of personal and family names. Although conventionally referred to as the tria nomina, the combination of praenomen, nomen, and cognomen that have come to be regarded as the basic elements of the Roman name in fact represent a continuous process of development, from at least the seventh century BC to the end of the seventh century AD. The names that developed as part of this system became a defining characteristic of Roman civilization, and although the system itself vanished during the Early Middle Ages, the names themselves exerted a profound influence on the development of European naming practices, and many continue to survive in modern languages.
Josselyn & Taylor
Josselyn & Taylor was an architectural firm based in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. It was founded in 1882 as the partnership of architects Henry S. Josselyn and Eugene H. Taylor. They were the first academically trained architects to practice in Iowa.

Fellow of the American Institute of Architects
Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA) is a postnominal title or membership, designating an individual who has been named a fellow of the American Institute of Architects (AIA).

Fellowship is bestowed by the institute on AIA-member architects who have made outstanding contributions to the profession through design excellence, contributions in the field of architectural education, or to the advancement of the profession. In 2014, fewer than 3,200 of the more than 80,000 AIA members were fellows. Honorary Fellowship (Hon. FAIA) is awarded to foreign (non-U.S. citizen) architects, and to non-architects who have made substantial contributions to the field of architecture or to the institute.
Coincide (album)
Coincide is an album by American jazz saxophonist Dewey Redman featuring performances recorded in 1974 for the Impulse! label.  Four performances from Coincide were included on the 1998 CD reissue of The Ear of the Behearer as bonus tracks.

Impulse! Records
Impulse! Records (occasionally styled as "¡mpulse! Records" and "¡!") is an American jazz record label established by Creed Taylor in 1960. John Coltrane was among Impulse!'s earliest signings. Thanks to consistent sales and positive critiques of his recordings, the label came to be known as "the house that Trane built".
1951 South American Rugby Championship
The 1951 South American Rugby Championship was the first edition of the two tiered competition of the leading national rugby union teams in South America.

The tournament was arranged by the River Plate Rugby Union (currently "Argentine Rugby Union"). In February 1951 a match was organized in Buenos Aires, the first edition of Pan American Games, but it was not possible to arrange a tournament of rugby for those games, so a "Torneo Internacional" was arranged in September. Originally this competition was called Torneo Internacional ABCU, using the initials of the countries participating

After the 1958 edition, this tournament was recognized as the first edition of the competition.

South American Rugby Championship
The South American Rugby Championship refers to the continental rugby union championships for South America, organized by Sudamérica Rugby. The current name of the championships is South American Six Nations, implemented in 2018. South American championships have also existed for lower divisions of the rugby union championships, as well as youth and women tournaments, and editions for rugby sevens.
Laing House of Plainfield Plantation
Laing House of Plainfield Plantation is a historic house located at 1707 Woodland Avenue in the township of Edison in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. It was built in the early 18th century when the region was being settled by Scottish Quakers in the late 17th and early 18th century, as recalled in the name of The Plainfields and Scotch Plains. The region was part of the colonial era Elizabethtown Tract and later part of Piscataway Township. It is not certain whether the name derives from the plain clothing worn by the founders or is a reference to the landscape. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 27, 1988, for its significance in exploration and settlement.

Scotch Plains, New Jersey
Scotch Plains is a township in Union County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The township is located on a ridge in northern-central New Jersey, within the Raritan Valley and Rahway Valley regions in the New York metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 24,968, an increase of 1,458 (+6.2%) from the 2010 census count of 23,510, which in turn reflected an increase of 778 (+3.4%) from the 22,732 counted in the 2000 census.
Cameraria hexalobina
Cameraria hexalobina is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from South Africa and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The habitat consists of savannah vegetation with high standing dry grass.

The length of the forewings is 2.9–3.1 mm. Adults are on wing from late March to late April.

The larvae feed on Hexalobus glabrescens and Hexalobus monopetalus. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Gracillariidae
Gracillariidae is an important family of insects in the order Lepidoptera and the principal family of leaf miners that includes several economic, horticultural or recently invasive pest species such as the horse-chestnut leaf miner, Cameraria ohridella.
Khandikar railway station
Khandikar railway station is a railway station on Rangiya–Murkongselek section under Rangiya railway division of Northeast Frontier Railway zone. This railway station is situated at Murara, Khandikar in Baksa district in the Indian state of Assam.

Rangiya railway division
Rangiya railway division is one of the five railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Northeast Frontier Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 1 April 2003 carved out from Alipurduar railway division and its headquarter is located at Rangiya in the state of Assam. Katihar, Lumding, Tinsukia and Alipurduar are the other four railway divisions under the NFR Zone headquartered at Maligaon, Guwahati.
Vitória school attack
On 19 August 2022, a school attack took place at the Municipal School of Fundamental Teaching Éber Louzada Zippinotti (in Portuguese, Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Eber Louzada Zippinotti, abbreviated as EMEF Eber Louzada Zippinotti), located in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil. In the event, 18-year-old former student Henrique Lira Trad threatened and attacked teachers, coordinators and students with a variety of weapons, including crossbows, knives and Molotov cocktails before being tackled and restrained by a physical education teacher, and was later arrested.

Suicide by cop
Suicide by cop, also known as suicide by police or law-enforcement-assisted suicide, is a term used to define deaths caused by police as suicides.
The alleged phenomenon, described in sources written by, or sympathetic to, the police involves a person deliberately behaving in a threatening manner with intent to provoke police or other law enforcement officers to kill the allegedly suicidal person.
The concept arose in the United States where police violence is extremely prevalent.
In the United States, over 1,365 people were killed by police in 2024.
The terminology has now spread to other places such as Canada and Australia.
Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy
In physics, terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is a form of terahertz spectroscopy using short pulses of terahertz radiation. The generation and detection scheme is sensitive to the sample's effect on both the amplitude and the phase of the terahertz radiation.

Fiber laser
A fiber laser (or fibre laser in Commonwealth English) is a laser in which the active gain medium is an optical fiber doped with rare-earth elements such as erbium, ytterbium, neodymium, dysprosium, praseodymium, thulium and holmium. They are related to doped fiber amplifiers, which provide light amplification without lasing.

Fiber nonlinearities, such as stimulated Raman scattering or four-wave mixing, can also provide gain and thus serve as gain media for a fiber laser.
Memphis Area Transit Authority
The Memphis Area Transit Authority (MATA) is the public transportation provider for Memphis, Tennessee. It is one of the largest transit providers in the state of Tennessee; MATA transports customers in the City of Memphis and parts of Shelby County on fixed-route buses, paratransit vehicles, demand-responsive service, and the MATA Trolley system. The system is managed by a seven-member policy board appointed by the mayor and approved by the Memphis City Council. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 2,821,900.

Battery electric bus
A battery electric bus is an electric bus that is driven by an electric motor and obtains energy from on-board batteries. Many trolleybuses use batteries as an auxiliary or emergency power source.

Battery electric buses offer the potential for zero-emissions, in addition to much quieter operation and better acceleration compared to traditional buses. They also eliminate infrastructure needed for a constant grid connection and allow routes to be modified without infrastructure changes, in contrast with a trolleybus. They typically recover braking energy to increase efficiency by a regenerative brake. With energy consumption of about 1.2 kW⋅h/km (4.3 MJ/km; 1.9 kW⋅h/mi), the cost of ownership is lower than diesel buses.

In 2018, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) found that total operating costs per mile of an electric bus fleet in the United States in some cases may be less expensive than a diesel bus fleet.
Nancy Belle Craft Norton
Nancy Belle Craft Norton (August 4, 1872 – December 1, 1963) was employed by the U.S. Government to teach at Manila High School in the Philippines when war with Japan was declared in 1941. During the Japanese occupation of the Philippines, she aided internees and prisoners of war by supplying them with urgently needed medical supplies, food, clothing and other items. General Jonathan M. Wainwright personally awarded her the Medal of Freedom in 1947 for her efforts during the war.

Santo Tomas Internment Camp
Santo Tomas Internment Camp, also known as the Manila Internment Camp, was the largest of several camps in the Philippines in which the Japanese interned enemy civilians, mostly Americans, in World War II. The campus of the University of Santo Tomas in Manila was utilized for the camp, which housed more than 3,000 internees from January 1942 until February 1945. Conditions for the internees deteriorated during the war, and by the time of the liberation of the camp by the U.S. Army, many of the internees were near death from lack of food.
Baqerabad, Minudasht
Baqerabad (Persian: باقراباد, also Romanized as Bāqerābād) is a village in Chehel Chay Rural District, in the Central District of Minudasht County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 74, in 21 families.

Chehel Chay Rural District
Chehel Chay Rural District (Persian: دهستان چهل چائ) is in the Central District of Minudasht County, Golestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Qalami. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Alqajar, now a city.
Arandun
Arandun listenⓘis a town in Irepodun LGA, Kwara State, Nigeria. It is located near the state boundary with Osun, about 66 kilometres southeast of the state capital Ilorin, and 18 kilometres southwest of the area capital Omu-Aran.

Ilorin
Ilorin (listenⓘ) is the capital city of Kwara State located in the Western region of  Nigeria. Although Ilorin is classified under the North-Central geopolitical zone, the city is considered a Yoruba city by all historical and sociological standards. As of the 2006 census, it had a population of 777,667, making it the 7th largest city by population in Nigeria.