hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Permanent Council of the Russian Empire
The Permanent Council was the highest deliberative body of the Russian Empire, established on April 11, 1801 and abolished in 1810; predecessor of the State Council.

It consisted of twelve representatives of the titled nobility under the emperor Alexander I (representatives were Dmitry Troshchinsky, Pyotr Zavadovsky, Alexander Vorontsov, Platon Zubov and Valerian Zubov, and others), the chairman was Count Nikolai Saltykov.

The council could protest the actions and Ukases of the emperor. At the beginning of its activities, the Permanent Council considered a number of important issues and prepared several reforms, including a Decree on Free Ploughmen.

With the establishment of ministries and the Committee of Ministers in 1802, insignificant and intricate cases came to the consideration of the Permanent Council, and after the establishment of the State Council, the Permanent Council was finally abolished.

Nikolai Saltykov
Count, then Prince Nikolay Ivanovich Saltykov (Russian: Николай Иванович Салтыков, 31 October 1736 – 28 May 1816), a member of the Saltykov noble family, was a Russian Imperial Field Marshal and courtier best known as the tutor of the eventual Tsar Paul I of Russia and his two sons, Constantine and Alexander.

He was the head of the Russian Army as the president of the War Collegium in 1791–1802.  He was also the interim head (Lieutenant Grand Master) of the Order of Malta between 1801 and 1803.
Lee Mo-gae
Lee Mo-gae is a South Korean  Asia Pacific Screen Award-winning cinematographer known for his work in A Tale of Two Sisters (2003), The Good, the Bad, the Weird (2008), I Saw the Devil (2010), Asura: The City of Madness (2016), Hunt (2022), and 12.12: The Day (2023).

Asura: The City of Madness
Asura: The City of Madness (Korean: 아수라; RR: Asura) is a 2016 South Korean neo-noir action crime film directed by Kim Sung-su. The title, Asura, refers to demigods in Indian mythology who are consumed by passion and perpetually fighting each other. The film revolves around Han Do-kyung, a shady cop, who becomes caught between internal affairs and the city's corrupt mayor. Starring Jung Woo-sung, Hwang Jung-min, Ju Ji-hoon, Kwak Do-won and Jung Man-sik, it released theatrically on 28 September 2016 in South Korea.
Atlantes (sorcerer)
Atlantes was a powerful sorcerer featured in chansons de geste.  In Boiardo's Orlando Innamorato (1482), where he is known as Atalante, the magician fears that Rugiero (Boiardo's spelling) will convert to Christianity and aid Charlemagne against the Saracens. To prevent this and forestall Rugiero's death, he constructs a magic garden ringed by glass on Mt. Carena in the Atlas Mountains, after which he is named. In Orlando Furioso, Atlantes' magical castle is filled with illusions, in order to divert Ruggiero (Ariosto's spelling) from what he has foretold as certain doom. Ruggiero is later set free by Bradamante and after numerous trials and quests sires a great line of heroes. He later dies betrayed fulfilling the destiny foretold by Atlantes.

Atlas Mountains
The Atlas Mountains are a mountain range in the Maghreb in North Africa. They separate the Sahara Desert from the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean; the mountain range stretches around 2,500 km (1,600 mi) through Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. The mountains are associated with the Titan Atlas.  The range's highest peak is Toubkal, in central Morocco, with an elevation of 4,167 metres (13,671 ft). The Atlas Mountains are primarily inhabited by Berber populations.

The terms for 'mountain' are Adrar and adras in some Berber languages, and these terms are believed to be cognates of the toponym Atlas. The mountains are home to a number of animals and plants which are mostly found within Africa but some of which can be found in Europe. Many of these species are endangered and a few are already extinct. The weather is generally cool but summers are sunny, and the average temperature there is 25 °C.
Martis people
Martis is the name given by scientists to the group of Native Americans who lived in Northern California on both the eastern and western sides of the Sierra Nevada. The Martis complex lasted from 2000 BCE to 500 CE, during the Middle Archaic era. Evidence of Martis habitation has been found from Carson River and Reno, Nevada in the east to Auburn, California and Oroville, California in the west.  The Martis name refers to the geographic region of Martis Creek which spans Nevada County, California and Placer County, California.

Placer County, California
Placer County (/ˈplæsər/ PLASS-ər), officially the County of Placer, is located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 404,739. The county seat is Auburn.

Placer County is included in the Greater Sacramento metropolitan area. It is in both the Sacramento Valley and Sierra Nevada regions, in what is known as the Gold Country. The county stretches roughly 65 miles (105 km) from Sacramento's suburbs at Roseville to the Nevada border and the shore of Lake Tahoe.
F11 and Be There
F11 and Be There is a 2018 documentary film by Jethro Waters about Magnum Photos and Life Magazine photographer Burk Uzzle. Produced, directed, filmed, and edited by Waters, F11 and Be There explores civil rights, race, social justice, and art through Uzzle's 65+ year legacy, as well as his continuing work focusing on African Americans in the South. Uzzle is well known for his photographs of the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s, the funeral of Martin Luther King Jr., as well as his iconic picture of Woodstock which later became the cover of the official Woodstock album. The original score for the film was composed and performed by Natalie Prass and Eric Slick, with animations by Cable Hardin.

Natalie Prass
Natalie Jean Prass (born March 15, 1986) is an American singer-songwriter from Virginia Beach, Virginia. Her self-titled debut album was released on January 27, 2015, through Spacebomb and Columbia Records.
Imidazoleacetic acid
Imidazoleacetic acid (also known as IAA, IMA, imidazole-4-acetic acid, or I4AA) is a naturally occurring endogenous metabolite of the neurotransmitter histamine (imidazole-4-ethylamine). It might have a role as an endogenous signaling molecule or neurotransmitter. IAA is formed from histamine by the enzyme diamine oxidase (DAO).

Imidazoline receptor
Imidazoline receptors are the primary receptors on which clonidine and other imidazolines act. There are three main classes of imidazoline receptor: I1 is involved in inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system to lower blood pressure, I2 has as yet uncertain functions but is implicated in several psychiatric conditions, and I3 regulates insulin secretion.
Don't Play That
"Don't Play That" is a song by  American rapper King Von and British-American rapper 21 Savage. Written alongside producer Kid Hazel, it was released on February 4, 2022 through Only the Family and Empire Distribution as the second single from Von's second studio album, What It Means to Be King.

Only the Family
Only the Family, often abbreviated as OTF, is an American hip hop group and a record label from Chicago, Illinois, formed in 2010. The group is composed of Chicago-based rappers, which included the late King Von and the currently incarcerated Lil Durk.
Bokermann's casque-headed frog
Bokermann's casque-headed frog (Nyctimantis bokermanni) is a species of frog in the family Hylidae.
It is endemic to Brazil, known only from Juréia-Itatins Ecological Station, another location 10 km away and Rio Verde.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.

Jureia-Itatins Ecological Station
The Jureia-Itatins Ecological Station (Portuguese: Estação Ecológica da Jureia-Itatins) is an ecological station (ESEC) in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. It fully protects a well-preserved area of Atlantic Forest and associated ecosystems along the coastal plain and mountains of the south of the state, home to endangered species of mammals and birds. There is however, some threat from illegal gathering of heart of palm.
Kashima Shin-ryū
Kashima-Shinryū (鹿島神流) is a Japanese koryū martial art whose foundation dates back to the early 16th century. The art developed some notoriety in Japan during the early 20th century under Kunii Zen'ya (1894-1966), the 18th generation sōke (headmaster). The current sōke is the 21st generation, Kunii Masakatsu. While the line is still headed by the Kunii family, the title of sōke is now largely honorific, and the responsibility for the preservation and transmission of the ryūha now lies in the shihanke line, currently represented by the 19th generation, Seki Humitake.

Ryū (school)
Ryū (流; mainly used as a suffix, meaning style, type, form, manner, system, school, used here in the sense of ryūha (流派, a school or a school of thought)) is the Japanese term referring to a school in any discipline. The kanji itself is commonly used as a suffix.

In English, the word is frequently used to refer to schools of Japanese martial art, although it can also be found used in other disciplines (for example Nihon-koryū and Sōgetsu-ryū in ikebana, Kantei-ryū in calligraphy, etc.).
Timofey Lapshin
Timofey Alekseyevich Lapshin (Russian: Тимофей Алексеевич Лапшин, Korean: 티모페이 알렉세예비치 랍신; born 3 February 1988) is a South Korean (since 2017) and Russian (until 2016) biathlete.

He debuted in the Biathlon World Cup on 9 December 2011 in Hochfilzen, Austria. He has won silver medal at Biathlon Junior World Championships.

Lapshin served a 12 month competition ban in 2021 for an anti-doping rule violation in relation to unintentional use of tuaminoheptane following reanalysis of a 2013 sample.

Hochfilzen
Hochfilzen is a town and municipality in the Kitzbühel district of the Austrian state of Tyrol. It is located in the Pillersee valley 5 km east of Fieberbrunn. Population was 1,147 in 2016.

It is a popular winter sports resort, especially for cross-country skiing. In 2017 (9 to 19 February) it hosted the Biathlon World Championships, as it also did in 2005, 1998 and 1978, and it is a regular venue in the annual IBU World Cup series.
Arnold Merkies
Arnold Zoltan Merkies (born 6 December 1968) is a Dutch politician. As a member of the Socialist Party (Socialistische Partij) he was an MP between 20 September 2012 and 23 March 2017.

Merkies studied economics at the University of Amsterdam. He is married and lives in Amsterdam, and is a brother of PvdA politician Judith Merkies.

Socialist Party (Netherlands)
The Socialist Party (Dutch: Socialistische Partij [soːɕaːˈlɪstisə pɑrˈtɛi]; SP [ɛsˈpeː]) is a democratic socialist political party in the Netherlands. Founded in 1971 as the Communist Party of the Netherlands/Marxist–Leninist (KPN/ML, Dutch: Communistische Partij van Nederland/Marxistisch–Leninistisch), the party has since moderated itself from Marxism–Leninism and Maoism towards democratic socialism and social democracy.

Positioned to the political left of the Labour Party, the party has been part of the parliamentary opposition since it was formed. After the 2006 Dutch general election, the SP became one of the major parties of the Netherlands winning 25 out of 150 parliamentary seats, an increase of 16 seats. The SP delegation shrank over the next elections, reaching three seats in 2025.
Bediasite
Bediasite is a form or type of tektite, which is a body of natural glass formed from earth debris during meteorite impact events.  It originates in an area in the eastern part of the U.S. state of Texas centered on the small town of Bedias which is 74 miles (119 km) northwest of Houston.  They are found in about nine Texas Counties in an area of over 7,000 square miles (18,000 km2).  The largest specimen ever found is just over 7.1 ounces (200 g).

Virgil Barnes was one of the first scientists to study Bediasites in depth.  The first identified Bediasite was brought to the University of Texas at Austin in 1936 by George D. Ramsey and was identified by Virgil Barnes.

Bediasites are part of the 34-million-year-old North American strewnfield coming from the Chesapeake Bay impact crater.  Two strewnfields and tektite groups are associated with this impact:  the black Bediasites in Texas and the green Georgiaites in Georgia.

Bedias, Texas
Bedias (/ˈbiːdaɪs/ BEE-dysse) is a city in Grimes County, Texas, United States at the intersection of State Highway 90 and Farm Roads 1696 and 2620, 30 miles (48 km) northeast of Navasota in northeastern Grimes County. It was incorporated as a city in 2003 and had a population of 361 at the 2020 census.
Warralong Community
Warralong is a small Aboriginal community, located 120 kilometres (75 mi) south east of Port Hedland and 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of Marble Bar in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, within the Shire of East Pilbara. The community lies between the Shaw and De Grey Rivers.

Shire of East Pilbara
The Shire of East Pilbara is one of the four local government areas in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. With an area of 372,571 square kilometres (143,850 sq mi), larger than the Australian states of Victoria and Tasmania combined, it is the largest local government region in Australia. The Shire's seat of government, and home to nearly half the Shire's population, is the town of Newman in the shire's south-west.
Rafinesquia
Rafinesquia, commonly known as plumeseed, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, native to the western United States and northwestern Mexico.

The genus was named for polymath Constantine Samuel Rafinesque by botanist Thomas Nuttall in 1841.

Polymath
A polymath or polyhistor is an individual whose knowledge spans many different subjects, known to draw on complex bodies of knowledge to solve specific problems. Polymaths often prefer a specific context in which to explain their knowledge, but some are gifted at explaining abstractly and creatively.

Embodying a basic tenet of Renaissance humanism that humans are limitless in their capacity for development, the concept led to the notion that people should embrace all knowledge and develop their capacities as fully as possible. This is expressed in the term Renaissance man, often applied to the gifted people of that age who sought to develop their abilities in all areas of accomplishment: intellectually, artistically, socially, physically, and spiritually.
Radical Entertainment
Radical Entertainment Inc. is a Canadian video game developer based in Vancouver. The studio is best known for developing The Simpsons: Hit & Run (2003), Scarface: The World Is Yours (2006), Prototype (2009) and Prototype 2 (2012), as well as entries in the Crash Bandicoot franchise. Radical Entertainment was founded in September 1991 by Rory Armes, Dave Davis, and Ian Wilkinson. It was acquired by Vivendi Games in 2005 and transferred to Activision in 2008. The studio faced significant layoffs in 2010 and 2012, with the latter causing it to cease development of original games and only support other Activision studios, until February, 24 2026 when the CEO Ian Wilkinson and COO Tim Bennison decided rebrand the studio's name to New Radical Games.

Vivendi Games
Vivendi Games was an American video game publisher and holding company based in Los Angeles. It was founded in 1996 as CUC Software, the publishing subsidiary of CUC International, after the latter acquired video game companies Davidson & Associates and Sierra On-Line. Between 1997 and 2001, the company switched parents and names multiple times before ending up organized under Vivendi Universal (later renamed Vivendi). On July 10, 2008, Vivendi Games merged with Activision to create Activision Blizzard.
Eliot Higgins
Eliot Ward Higgins (born January 1979), who previously wrote under the pseudonym Brown Moses, is a British citizen journalist and former blogger, known for using open sources and social media for investigations. He is the founder of Bellingcat, an investigative journalism website that specialises in fact-checking and open-source intelligence. He has investigated incidents including the Syrian Civil War, the Russo-Ukrainian War, the downing of Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 and the poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal. He first gained mainstream media attention by identifying weapons in uploaded videos from the Syrian conflict.

Fact-checking
Fact-checking is the process of verifying the factual accuracy of questioned reporting and statements. Fact-checking can be conducted before or after the text or content is published or otherwise disseminated. Internal fact-checking is such checking done in-house by the publisher to prevent inaccurate content from being published; when the text is analyzed by a third party, the process is called external fact-checking.

Research suggests that fact-checking can indeed correct perceptions among citizens, as well as discourage politicians from spreading false or misleading claims. However, corrections may decay over time or be overwhelmed by cues from elites who promote less accurate claims. Political fact-checking is sometimes criticized as being opinion journalism.
Calydiscoides
Calydiscoides is a genus of monopisthocotylean monogeneans, included in the family Diplectanidae.

The genus currently includes 16 species, which are all parasitic on the gills of marine fish of the family Lethrinidae and Nemipteridae. All species are from the Indo-Pacific Ocean.
The type-species of the genus is Calydiscoides australis Young, 1969.

Monogenea
Monogeneans, members of the class Monogenea (/ˌmɒnəˈdʒiːniːə/ MON-ə-JEE-nee-ə), are a group of ectoparasitic flatworms commonly found on the skin, gills, or fins of fish. They have a direct lifecycle and do not require an intermediate host. Adults are hermaphrodites, meaning they have both male and female reproductive structures.

Some monogeneans are oviparous (egg-laying) and some are viviparous (live-bearing). Oviparous varieties release eggs into the water. Viviparous varieties release larvae, which immediately attach to another host. The genus Gyrodactylus  is an example of a viviparous variety, while the genus Dactylogyrus is an example of an oviparous variety.
Contrary Creek (Gasconade River tributary)
Contrary Creek is a stream in Osage County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of Gasconade River.

The headwaters are at 38°30′43″N 91°46′07″W﻿ / ﻿38.51194°N 91.76861°W﻿ / 38.51194; -91.76861 and the confluence with the Gasconade is at 38°29′21″N 91°39′50″W﻿ / ﻿38.48917°N 91.66389°W﻿ / 38.48917; -91.66389. The stream headwaters arise just east of Missouri Route 89 and west of the community of Welcome. The stream flows to the southeast past Welcome and under Missouri Route N between Freedom and Ryors. The strean then turns to the north adjacent to U. S. Route 50 and then northwest before entering the Gasconade below Mount Sterling in adjacent Gasconade County.

Contrary Creek was named for the fact the direction in which Contrary Creek flows is contrary relative to other nearby streams.

Ryors, Missouri
Ryors is an extinct town in Osage County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The GNIS classifies it as a populated place.

A post office called Ryors was established in 1905, and remained in operation until 1934. The community has the name of R.S. Ryors, a local attorney.
Audiovisual Sport
Audiovisual Sport (AVS) was a Spanish company dedicated to "buy, manage, exploit and administer Spanish football Liga and Copa del Rey rights."

The company was created in 1997 as a joint venture of the three main soccer TV rights owners in Spain, namely Sogecable (40%), Telefónica de Contenidos (a subsidiary of Telefónica) (40%), and the Catalan government TV network (Corporació Catalana de Mitjans Audiovisuals, or CCMA) (20%). AVS enjoyed a monopoly on Spanish soccer rights, which caused an investigation by the European Commission, cleared in 2003.

In 2003 Sogecable bought Telefónica's stake, therefore increasing its share to 80%.

In 2007 a row erupted between AVS and the other main owner of Spanish soccer rights, namely Mediapro.

Corporació Catalana de Mitjans Audiovisuals
The Corporació Catalana de Mitjans Audiovisuals (CCMA; IPA: [kurpuɾəsiˈo kətəˈlanə ðə miˈdʒanz ˌawði.uβizuˈals]) is the public radio and television company in Catalonia owned by Generalitat de Catalunya.

The CCRTV is a public corporation created by the Generalitat de Catalunya by a Founding Act that passed the Parliament of Catalonia on 18 May 1983. It answers to the Parliamentary Control Commission and to the Catalan Audiovisual Council. It is funded through the Generalitat's General Budget as well as by income and yield from CCRTV's own activities. Its subsidiaries can partly finance themselves through advertising, sponsorship and the sale of merchandise and programming.

Catalunya Ràdio started broadcasting on 20 June 1983, while its first television channel, TV3, started its trial broadcast on 11 September that year.

In September 2006, CCRTV received the EFQM Excellence Award for its organisational gestion.
Gaby Lewis
Gaby Hollis Lewis (born 27 March 2001) is an Irish international cricketer and captain of the Ireland women's team.

She made her senior international debut in July 2014, aged only 13 and made her Twenty20 International (T20I) debut later in the same year, becoming the youngest to play at that level. The International Cricket Council (ICC) named Lewis as one of the five breakout stars in women's cricket in 2018.

She currently captains the Women's Super Series team Scorchers. In June 2022, at the age of 21, Lewis became the youngest player to captain the Ireland Women's team in international cricket.

Sri Lanka women's national cricket team
The Sri Lanka women's national cricket team represents Sri Lanka in international women's cricket. One of ten teams competing in the ICC Women's Championship (the highest level of the sport), the team is organised by Sri Lanka Cricket (SLC), a full member of the International Cricket Council (ICC).

The Sri Lanka women's team made their One Day International (ODI) debut in 1997, against the Netherlands, and later in the year participated in the 1997 World Cup in India. The team has since participated in every edition of the World Cup, with a fifth-place finish at the 2013 event being its best performance. At the Women's Twenty20 World Cup, Sri Lanka has likewise played at every tournament, although the team has never progressed past the first round. Sri Lanka played their first and only Test match to date in April 1998, defeating Pakistan.
Kommunal Landspensjonskasse
Kommunal Landspensjonskasse Gjensidig Forsikringsselskap or KLP is an Oslo-based mutual insurance company that manages the pensions of municipal employees in Norway. As of 31 March 2021, the fund had assets of NOK 813.5 billion (US$95.1 billion), with 337 municipal and county authorities, 31 health trusts and 2,300 public sector firms as clients.

It is Norway's largest pension fund and KLP Eiendom is a major subsidiary that manages real estate in Norway and Denmark. State employees are insured through the Norwegian Public Service Pension Fund.

Health trust
Health trust or HF (Norwegian: helseforetak) is a health enterprise owned by one of the four regional health authorities in Norway, with responsibility for performing a geographic and/or specialist activities of operations on behalf of the regional health authority. There are 43 HFs in Norway, each led by a board of directors appointed by the authority. Most HFs are responsible for one or more hospitals, though some are solely responsible for pharmacies. The trusts are regulated by the Health Trust Act of 15 June 2001.
Dacryoscintigraphy
Dacryoscintigraphy (DSG), also known as lacrimal scintigraphy, is a nuclear medicine technique for imaging the lacrimal apparatus. It is used to identify obstructions, for example in the lacrimal duct, nasal cavity or nasolacrimal duct.

Nasolacrimal duct obstruction
Nasolacrimal duct obstruction is the obstruction of the nasolacrimal ducts (better known as the tear ducts) and may be either congenital or acquired. Obstruction of the nasolacrimal ducts leads to the excess overflow of tears called epiphora.