hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Donald Munro
Robert Donald Munro best known as Bob Munro (September 1, 1942 – January 19, 2025) was a Canadian policy advisor who founded the Mathare Youth Sports Association and Mathare United football team in Nairobi, Kenya. He was the husband of Jamii Bora Bank founder Ingrid Munro. He was appointed to the Order of Canada in 2022 and was named an Elder of the Order of the Burning Spear in 2024 by Kenyan President William Ruto.

Munro worked on the Action Plan at the first UN Environment Conference in 1972 in Stockholm at the beginning of the environmental movement. He then advocated for establishing the UN Environment Program (UNEP) headquarters in Nairobi. He later served as the Canadian Secretary-General for the 1976 UN Conference on Human Settlements, and helped bring the UN-Habitat agency to Nairobi as well.

United Nations Human Settlements Programme
The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) is the United Nations programme for human settlements and sustainable urban development. It was established in 1977 as an outcome of the first United Nations Conference on Human Settlements and Sustainable Urban Development (Habitat I) held in Vancouver, Canada, in 1976.  UN-Habitat maintains its headquarters at the United Nations Office at Nairobi, Kenya. It is mandated by the United Nations General Assembly to promote socially and environmentally sustainable towns and cities with the goal of providing adequate shelter for all. It is a member of the United Nations Development Group. The mandate of UN-Habitat derives from the Habitat Agenda, adopted by the United Nations Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat II) in Istanbul, Turkey, in 1996. The twin goals of the Habitat Agenda are adequate shelter for all and the development of sustainable human settlements in an urbanizing world.
Ringo Brown
Ringo Brown is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera Neighbours, played by Sam Clark. Clark was given the role after he entered and won a Dolly magazine competition. He made his first screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 24 January 2007. Ringo's storylines have included his ongoing battle with an eating disorder, a bus crash, a relationship with an older woman, the collapse of a warehouse roof at an illegal dance party and his on-off relationship with Donna Freedman (Margot Robbie). In July 2010, it was announced that Clark had decided to leave Neighbours. He filmed his final scenes at the end of the month and Ringo made his last credited appearance on 1 October 2010, but was killed off-screen in the next episode.

Holy Soap
Holy Soap is a UK television and entertainment website founded in June 2009 by the British television company Channel 5. The website is the official UK home of the Australian soap operas Home and Away and Neighbours, which are broadcast on the channel. The site allows users to watch full episodes of the soaps on the day they are broadcast, as well as providing additional information about the cast and characters. Holy Soap also includes news and features from four British soap operas that are not broadcast on Channel 5. On 30 June 2011, Holy Soap announced that it was closing.
Great Bend Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania
Great Bend Township is a township in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,711 at the 2020 census. Children living in the township are served by the public schools in the Blue Ridge School District, including Blue Ridge High School.

Blue Ridge High School (Pennsylvania)
Blue Ridge High School is a small, rural public high school located in New Milford, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania. It is  the sole high school operated by Blue Ridge School District. In 2015, enrollment was reported as 315 pupils in 9th through 12th grades. The school employed 29 teachers.
Albert Fauvel
Charles Adolphe Albert Fauvel (1840, Caen -1921), better known as Albert Fauvel, was a French lawyer and amateur entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera. He described and named 1,851 species and 96 genera in Staphylinidae. He wrote nearly 250 papers in the Revue d’ Entomologie, a journal he founded, and a multi-volume work, Faune gallo-rhénane. For unknown reasons, he abruptly stopped publishing in 1910 and became a recluse for the rest of his life. His insect collections are held by the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences in Brussels, the Natural History Museum of Bern, Switzerland and the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Italy.

His zoological author abbreviation is Fauvel.

Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria
The Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria is a natural history museum in Genoa, northern Italy. It is named after the naturalist Giacomo Doria, who was the founder and the curator for over forty years.

The museum was founded in 1867 and contains over four million specimens from all over the world. It contains zoological, botanical and geological collections. Important collections include those of Luigi D'Albertis, Leonardo Fea, Arturo Issel, Orazio Antinori, Odoardo Beccari and Lamberto Loria. Since 1922, it is the headquarters of the Società entomologica italiana (lit. 'Italian Entomological Society').
Hay (song)
"Hay" is a song written and performed by American hip hop group Crucial Conflict, released as the lead single from their debut full-length album The Final Tic. It was recorded at The Barn in Chicago, Illinois and produced by member Wildstyle, who used a sampled of Funkadelic's "I'll Stay". "Hay" became the group's breakthrough hit, peaking at number 18 in the United States and number 3 in New Zealand. The single was certified gold by the RIAA on July 18, 1996, and helped the album reach gold status less than two months later. Complex placed the song at number 4 on their 50 Greatest Chicago Rap Songs.

Chicago hip-hop
Chicago hip hop is a regional subgenre of hip hop music that originated in Chicago in the late 1980s in the form of hip house. It became commonplace for serious rappers to cite the Nation of Islam, a Black Muslim organization headquartered in Chicago, as a lyrical and ideological influence in the 1980s and 1990s, a rap theme often resulting in controversy. In the 2000s, Chicago produced artists such as Kanye West and Common.

In the 2010s, drill music became popular in Chicago. Influenced by trap music and gangsta rap   it originated on Chicago’s South Side. Chicago's long-standing hip hop community has included graffiti artists, breakdancers, activists, hip hop writers, rappers and hip hop producers.
Philip Christison
General Sir Alexander Frank Philip Christison, 4th Baronet, GBE, CB, DSO, MC* (17 November 1893 – 21 December 1993) was a British Army officer who served with distinction during the world wars. After service as a junior officer on the Western Front in the First World War, he later distinguished himself during the Second World War, where he commanded XV Indian Corps, part of Sir William Slim's Fourteenth Army, during the Burma campaign. He then went on to have a successful postwar career, and lived to the age of 100.

General (United Kingdom)
General (or full general to distinguish it from the lower general officer ranks) is the highest rank achievable by serving officers of the British Army and the Royal Marines.  The rank can also be held by Royal Marines officers in tri-service posts, for example, Generals Sir Gordon Messenger and Sir Gwyn Jenkins, former Vice-Chiefs of the Defence Staff. It ranks above lieutenant-general and, in the Army, is subordinate to the rank of field marshal, which is now awarded as an honorary rank only.  The rank of general has a NATO-code of OF-9, and is a four-star rank.  It is equivalent to a full admiral in the Royal Navy or an air chief marshal in the Royal Air Force.

Officers holding the ranks of general, lieutenant-general and major-general are 'general officers' and may be addressed as 'general'.
Will McIntosh
Will McIntosh (William D. McIntosh, born January 31, 1962 in New York City) is a science fiction and young adult author, a Hugo-Award-winner, and a winner or finalist for many other awards. Along with eleven novels, including Defender (novel)|Defenders, Love Minus Eighty, and Burning Midnight, he has published dozens of short stories in magazines such as Asimov's Science Fiction, Strange Horizons, Lightspeed Magazine, Clarkesworld, and Interzone. His stories are frequently reprinted in different "Year's Best" anthologies.

Interzone (magazine)
Interzone is a British fantasy and science fiction magazine. Published since 1982, Interzone is the eighth-longest-running English language science fiction magazine in history, and the longest-running British science fiction (SF) magazine. Stories published in Interzone have been finalists for the Hugo Awards and have won a Nebula Award and numerous British Science Fiction Awards.
Crime in the Streets
Crime in the Streets is a 1956 American crime drama film about juvenile delinquency directed by Don Siegel and based on a television play written by Reginald Rose. The play first appeared as an episode of The Elgin Hour directed by Sidney Lumet before being remade as a feature film directed by Don Siegel.

The film, starring James Whitmore and John Cassavetes, also featured actor Sal Mineo, who had previously appeared in Rebel Without a Cause.  From his role in Crime in the Streets, Mineo earned a Hollywood nickname, "The Switchblade Kid". Malcolm Atterbury, Virginia Gregg, and future director Mark Rydell had prominent roles.

Siegel adapted the play to a film by expanding some sequences but keeping much of the same cast.  His credited dialogue coach on the film was Sam Peckinpah.

The Elgin Hour
The Elgin Hour (also known as The Elgin TV Hour) is a 60-minute live American anthology drama that aired from October 5, 1954, to June 14, 1955, on ABC, alternating with The United States Steel Hour.

A total of 19 episodes featured actors John Cassavetes, Boris Karloff, Roddy McDowall, Kim Stanley, Teresa Wright, Joanne Woodward, and Robert Preston, among dozens of others. Its directors included the later notable feature directors, Daniel Petrie and Sidney Lumet. One of its writers was Reginald Rose, famous for writing the film 12 Angry Men.  It was produced by Herbert Brodkin, a pioneering producer of early drama series that touched on social issues.

The program was sponsored by Elgin National Watch Company.
Mark-Vlietkanaal
The Mark-Vlietkanaal is a navigable canal in North Brabant.

The canal connects west from the river Mark (Dintel) to Stampersgat starting at the point Dintel, transitioning from the Steenbergse Vliet to the Roosendaalse Vliet. The final section is navigable up to and including the industrial areas north and west of Roosendaal, where it has two ramifications.

The canal can be accessed by sailing from Roosendaal to the Volkerak and to the city Breda. The Breda and Rosendaal rowing clubs organize a regatta via this route every year.

The canal was dug in 1983. It, in fact, followed an old route from the Roosendaalse Vliet. West of Oud Gastel, the Roosendaalse flows to the west and enters the canal in an almost straight line to the north, culminating about four kilometers west from Stamptersgat in the Mark.

Volkerak
The Volkerak is a body of water in the Netherlands. It is part of the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta, and is situated between the island Goeree-Overflakkee to the north-west and the Dutch mainland to the south and east. The western part of the Volkerak is also called Krammer. Tributaries of the Volkerak are the Dintel and Steenbergse Vliet.

Before 1987, it was a tidal river open to the North Sea, but it was closed off as part of the Delta Works; it is now a fresh water lake.
Avalon assemblage
The Avalon assemblage was the first of the three Late Ediacaran biotic assemblages, spanning from c. 575 Ma to c. 560 Ma. It was followed by the White Sea assemblage, although temporal overlaps have been noted between the biotic assemblages. While earlier macroscopic fossils, mostly of algal origin, are known from the Lantian Formation, Avalon-type localities provide some of the first evidence of putative metazoan ancestors, as part of the Ediacaran biota.

Lantian Formation
The Lantian Formation is a 150-meter-thick sequence of rocks deposited in Xiuning County, Anhui Province in southern China during a 90-million-year epoch in the Ediacaran period.  Its algal macrofossils (which have alternatively been interpreted as putative metazoans) are the oldest large and complex fossils known.
Murder of Maria Ladenburger
Maria Ladenburger (6 December 1996 – 16 October 2016) was a 19-year-old medical student from Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, who was found raped and drowned on 16 October 2016 in the river Dreisam. On 3 December 2016, Freiburg police arrested Hussein Khavari, who had been identified by a hair found at the crime scene, and a CCTV recording from inside a tram. DNA evidence linked him to the crime scene and he was ultimately convicted.

Khavari had entered Germany as a refugee in November 2015. It was later discovered that he had served a prison term for attempting to rob and murder a girl in Greece before entering Germany. This prompted a discussion about possible failures in European systems of information exchange about refugees and migrants, and any criminal records they may have.

Stern (magazine)
Stern (pronounced [ʃtɛʁn] ⓘ, German for "Star", stylized in all lowercase) is an illustrated, broadly left-liberal, weekly current affairs magazine published in Hamburg, Germany, by Gruner + Jahr, a subsidiary of Bertelsmann. Under the editorship (1948–1980) of its founder Henri Nannen, it attained a circulation of between 1.5 and 1.8 million, the largest in Europe's for a magazine of its kind.

Unusually for a popular magazine in post-war West Germany, and most notably in the contributions to 1975 of Sebastian Haffner, Stern investigated the origin and nature of the preceding tragedies of German history. In 1983, however, its credibility was seriously damaged by its purchase and syndication of the forged Hitler Diaries. A sharp drop in sales anticipated the general fall in newsprint readership in the new century.  By 2019, circulation had fallen under half a million.
Marat Alykov
Marat Raviliyevich Alykov (Russian: Марат Равильевич Алыков; born 20 August 1959) is a Russian pilot.

Alykov, an ethnic Tatar, was born on 20 August 1959 in Kapustin Yar in the  Vladimirovskaya District of Astrakhan Oblast to a military family. He joined the Soviet Army in 1976, and in 1980 graduated from the Kachinsk Military Aviation School. Alykov flew the Sukhoi Su-17 between 1983 and 1984 in the Soviet–Afghan War and was awarded the Order of the Red Star. After leaving the Air Force, Alykov graduated from the Test Pilot School and became a Mikoyan test pilot. For his actions in testing aircraft, Alykov was awarded the title Hero of the Russian Federation in 1998. Alykov currently works as the general director of the aviation maintenance company International Center of Business Aviation.

Sukhoi Su-17
The Sukhoi Su-17 (izdeliye S-32; NATO reporting name: Fitter) is a variable-sweep wing fighter-bomber developed for the Soviet military. Developed from the Sukhoi Su-7, the Su-17 was the first variable-sweep wing aircraft to enter Soviet service and featured updated avionics. The aircraft also has variants which were designed for export such as the Sukhoi Su-22 and the less popular Su-20.

It was produced from 1967 to 1990. The Su-17/20/22 series had a long career and has been operated by many air forces, including those of the Soviet Union and other members of the Warsaw Pact, countries in the Arab world, Angola and Peru.

Although the Su-17 was capable of carrying nuclear weapons, it was used in roles ranging from close-air support to ground attack.
Goriakothi
Goriakothi is a community development block and a town in district of Siwan, in the Bihar state of India. It is one of six blocks in the Maharajganj Subdivision. The headquarters of the block is in Goriyakothi town.

The total area of the block is 138 square kilometres (53 mi2), and the total population of the block as of the 2011 census of India is 223,709.

The block is divided into many Gram Panchayats and villages.

Siwan district
Siwan district is one of the districts of Bihar state, India. Siwan town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Siwan district is a part of Saran division since 1972. The district was previously also known as Aliganj Siwan after the name of Raja Ali Bux Khan. Siwan has historical and mythological importance attached to it. There is ancient ashram of sage Dronacharya in the Don village. It is believed that Dronacharya had spent his time here. The Member of Parliament from Siwan is Vijaylakshmi Devi.

The district occupies an area of 2,219 square kilometres (857 sq mi).
Mississippi Highway 413
Mississippi Highway 413 (MS 413) is a 23-mile-long (37 km) state highway in Choctaw and Montgomery counties in central Mississippi. Though it is signed as a north–south highway, the route generally runs from the southeast to northwest. The highway serves the towns of Weir, French Camp, and Kilmichael.

Choctaw County, Mississippi
Choctaw County is a county located in the central part of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,246. Its northern border is the Big Black River, which flows southwest into the Mississippi River south of Vicksburg. The county seat is Ackerman.

The county is named after the Choctaw tribe of Native Americans. They had long occupied this territory as their homeland before European exploration. Under the Indian Removal Act of 1830, they were forced by the United States to cede their lands and to move west of the Mississippi River to what became Indian Territory (today's state of Oklahoma).
Tulno
Tulno [ˈtulnɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pasłęk, within Elbląg County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) south-east of Pasłęk, 28 km (17 mi) south-east of Elbląg, and 53 km (33 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn. As of 2021, only one person lives in the village.

Before 1945 the area was part of Germany (East Prussia).

Gmina Pasłęk
Gmina Pasłęk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Elbląg County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Pasłęk, which lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) east of Elbląg and 63 km (39 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The gmina covers an area of 264.39 square kilometres (102.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 19,323 (out of which the population of Pasłęk amounts to 12,179, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,144).
R830 road (Ireland)
The R830 road is a regional road in Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown, Ireland.

The official definition of the R830 from the Roads Act 1993 (Classification of Regional Roads) Order 2012 states:

R830: Foxrock - Dún Laoghaire, County Dublin

Between its junction with N11 at Stillorgan Road and its junction with R829 at Glenageary Road Upper via Kill Lane and Kill Avenue all in the county of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown

and

between its junction with R829 at Mounttown Upper and its junction with R119 at Cumberland Street via York Road all in the county of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown.

The road is 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) long.

Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown
Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown (Irish: Dún Laoghaire–Ráth an Dúin) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and the Eastern and Midland Region. It is one of three successor counties to County Dublin, which was disestablished in 1994. It is named after the former borough of Dún Laoghaire and the barony of Rathdown. Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 233,860 at the time of the 2022 census.
Laila Peak
There are three peaks in Pakistan named Laila Peak.

Laila Peak (Hushe Valley) (6096 or 6614m) in Hushe Valley, Karakoram,

Laila Peak (Haramosh Valley) (6985m) in Haramosh Valley, Karakoram (near Chogurunma Glacier),

Laila Peak (Rupal Valley) (5971m) in Rupal Valley, Himalaya.

Other peak:

Laila Peak (Caucasus) (approx. 4000m) in Svaneti, Georgia.

Laila Peak (Haramosh Valley)
Laila Peak in the Arundu Valley of Baltistan region, (near Chogolungma Glacier) is 6,985 metres (22,917 ft) high. It was first climbed by the Hekiryou Alpine Club of Japan on 9 August 1975. The peak is one of the most beautiful peak in the range with difficult access to the summit. An important aspect of its climbing route is that, it is only accessible from ChogoLungma glacier via Arundu Valley of Shiger. The base camp is at a 3 days trek from the village. It is one of the three Laila Peaks situated in the Karakoram. The other two are in Hushe Valley and Astore Valley.
4-aminobenzoate 1-monooxygenase
In enzymology, a 4-aminobenzoate 1-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.27) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

4-aminobenzoate + NAD(P)H + 2 H+ + O2  4-hydroxyaniline + NAD(P)+ + H2O + CO2

The 5 substrates of this enzyme are 4-aminobenzoate, NADH, NADPH, H+, and O2, whereas its 5 products are 4-hydroxyaniline, NAD+, NADP+, H2O, and CO2.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into the other donor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 4-aminobenzoate,NAD(P)H:oxygen oxidoreductase (1-hydroxylating, decarboxylating). Other names in common use include 4-aminobenzoate hydroxylase, and 4-aminobenzoate monooxygenase.  This enzyme participates in 2,4-dichlorobenzoate degradation.  It employs one cofactor, FAD.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
Guerilla Welfare
Guerilla Welfare was an independent electronic music duo from Edmonton, Alberta, active from 1986 to 1995. The principal members were Brian Schultze and Curtis Ruptash, both of whom previously were members of Stony Plain Records recording artists Subtle Hints.

The duo produced music from processed acoustic and electric instruments with spoken word and field recordings of acoustic "world" instruments and singing samples. The resulting sound was a pan-ethnic, experimental sound. One critic wrote: "Their pan-global, multi-media palette supported zeitgeist commentary — often, with a healthy dose of gallows humour — on gender, power structures, and sexual and geopolitical tensions. Their DIY bunker studio experimentations align them with genre defying dub-infused outfits like African Head Charge, Dome, Lifetones, Naffi, Woo, Negativland, and The Residents."

The pair released three albums through their own label, He-Dead Records. Two compilation albums were later produced on other labels.

Spoken word
Spoken word is an oral poetic performance art that is based mainly on the poem's as well as the performer's aesthetic qualities. It is a 20th-century continuation of an ancient oral artistic tradition that focuses on the aesthetics of recitation and word play, such as the performer's live intonation and voice inflection. Spoken word is a catch-all term that includes any kind of poetry recited aloud, including poetry readings, poetry slams, jazz poetry, pianologues, musical readings, and hip hop music, and can include comedy routines and prose monologues. Unlike written poetry, the quality of spoken word is shaped less by the visual aesthetics on a page, and more from phonaesthetics or the aesthetics of sound.