hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Climate change in Madagascar
Climate change is a significant threat to Madagascar's environment and people. Climate change has raised temperatures, made the dry season longer and has resulted in more intense tropical storms. The country's unique ecosystems, animal and plant life are being impacted.

Climate change is projected to drive declines in coral reefs and forest habitats, and threaten native species such as lemurs. The human population is highly vulnerable due to severe impacts on water and agriculture, with implications for food security. Infectious diseases are also expected to increase. Madagascar is a signatory to the Paris Agreement and has set out goals for climate change adaptation, although their implementation faces challenges due to country's relative poverty.

Dry season
The dry season is a yearly period of low rainfall, especially in the tropics. The weather in the tropics is dominated by the tropical rain belt, which moves from the northern to the southern tropics and back over the course of the year. The temperate counterpart to the tropical dry season is summer or winter.
Minister of Justice (Italy)
This is a list of the Italian ministers of justice since 1946. The minister of justice is a senior member of the Italian Cabinet and leads the Ministry of Justice.

The first Italian minister of justice is Giovanni Battista Cassinis, member of the Historical Right, who held the office in 1861 in the government of Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour; while the longest-serving minister was Alfredo Rocco, who served in the fascist government of Benito Mussolini from 1925 until 1932. The current minister is Carlo Nordio, appointed on 22 October 2022 in the government of Giorgia Meloni.

Liberals (Italy)
The Liberals (Italian: Liberali), also known as Liberal Party (Italian: Partito Liberale, PL) or Giolittian Liberals (Italian: Liberali Giolittiani) from the name of their leader, was a political alliance formed in the first years of the 20th century by the Italian Prime Minister and leader of the Historical Left Giovanni Giolitti. The alliance was formed when the Left and the Right merged in a single centrist and liberal coalition which largely dominated the Italian Parliament.
Bryant McFadden
Bryant McFadden (born November 21, 1981) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Florida State Seminoles and was selected by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the second round of the 2005 NFL draft. McFadden was also a member of the Arizona Cardinals. He earned two Super Bowl rings during his time with the Steelers, Super Bowl XL and Super Bowl XLIII.
McFadden currently serves as a studio analyst for the all-digital sports network, 120 Sports. He also hosts Huddlecast, the football podcast of his alma mater, Florida State University, and co-hosts All Things Covered, a podcast with former NFL cornerback Patrick Peterson.

Jerome Bettis
Jerome Abram Bettis Sr. (born February 16, 1972) is an American former professional football running back who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 13 seasons, primarily with the Pittsburgh Steelers. Nicknamed "the Bus" due to his large size and forceful running style, he is regarded as one of the greatest power runners of all time and ranks eighth in NFL rushing yards.

Bettis played college football for the Notre Dame Fighting Irish and was selected 10th overall by the Los Angeles Rams in the 1993 NFL draft. He was a member of the Rams for three seasons before being traded to the Steelers, where he spent the remainder of his career. Bettis received six Pro Bowl and two first-team All-Pro selections, in addition to being a member of the Steelers team that won Super Bowl XL, the franchise's first title in over two decades. He was inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2015.
Gmina Buczek
Gmina Buczek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Łask County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the village of Buczek, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south of Łask and 38 km (24 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 90.84 square kilometres (35.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,893.

Łask
Łask ([wask]) is a town in central Poland with 16,925 inhabitants (2020). It is the capital of Łask County, and is situated in Łódź Voivodeship. It is located in the Sieradz Land.

A town with some 1,000 years of history, Łask is a former residential town of the Łaski noble family under whose patronage it was developed into a notable regional center of trade and crafts. It contains heritage Gothic and Baroque churches and a local historical museum. It is located near the Route of the Heroes of the Battle of Warsaw 1920, the main highway connecting Wrocław with Łódź, Warsaw and Białystok. The Polish Air Force's 32nd Air Base is located nearby.
Ege Park Mavişehir Shopping Center
Ege Park Mavişehir Shopping Center (Turkish: Ege Park Mavişehir Alışveriş Merkezi) was one of the first shopping centres in İzmir, Turkey. It is located in Karşıyaka, covering an area of 18.000 square metres (193.75 sq ft). It was opened on 20 November 1999 as EGS Park Mavişehir Shopping Centre by EGS Holding. This mall was operated by the Turkish clothing industrial company from İzmir EGS Holding from 1999 to 2006. But after the bankruptcy of EGS Holding in 2001 due to the economic crisis in Turkey, the management of the shopping center was transferred to Kâzım Pırlant, a businessman from İzmir living in the United States in 2006. This mall has 115 shops and 1 supermarket. This shopping center was transferred in 2006. The owner of this mall has opened another shopping center in Balçova in 2009.

Karşıyaka
Karşıyaka (Turkish: [kaɾʃɯˈjaka]) is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 51 km2, and its population is 346,264 (2022). The district extends for twelve kilometres along the northern and eastern coastline of the tip of the Gulf of İzmir. Its centre is at a distance of 6 km (4 mi) to the north from the traditional centre of İzmir, which is Konak Square in Konak at the opposite coast. Karşıyaka's district area neighbours the district areas of Menemen to the north, Bornova to the east and Çiğli to the west. Besides being an active venue of commerce, culture and educational activities and tourism, Karşıyaka also has an urban culture centred on the sports club Karşıyaka SK, which commands a large and passionate fan base.
1988 Tour du Haut Var
The 1988 Tour du Haut Var was the 20th edition of the Tour du Haut Var cycle race and was held on 27 February 1988. The race started in Sainte-Maxime and finished in Grimaud. The race was won by Luc Roosen.

Tour des Alpes-Maritimes
The Tour des Alpes-Maritimes, formerly known as the Tour du Haut Var, (English: Tour of the Haut Var) is an early-season two-day road bicycle race in the Var department region in the south of France. Until 2008 it was run as a one-day race, part of the UCI Europe Tour. In 2009, the race transformed to a 2.1 event, raced over two days. Dutchman Joop Zoetemelk and France's Arthur Vichot hold the record with three wins.

The Tour des Alpes-Maritimes is one of several stage races held in the hilly Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in February, alongside the Étoile de Bessèges, La Méditerranéenne and the Tour La Provence. These early-season races are competed mainly by French teams and are considered preparations for Paris–Nice, the first European World Tour event in March.
Sathik Nimalsha
Sathik Nimalsha (born 19 December 1996) is a Sri Lankan cricketer. He made his List A debut for Matale District in the 2016–17 Districts One Day Tournament on 24 March 2017. He made his Twenty20 debut for Sri Lanka Navy Sports Club in the 2017–18 SLC Twenty20 Tournament on 24 February 2018.

Sri Lanka Navy Sports Club (cricket)
Sri Lanka Navy Sports Club is a first-class cricket team in Sri Lanka. They played their debut first-class match against Nondescripts Cricket Club in January 2001.

The team is under the patronage of the Sri Lanka Navy.
Sevier County, Arkansas
Sevier County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,839. The county seat is De Queen. Sevier County is Arkansas's 16th county, formed on October 17, 1828, and named for Ambrose Sevier, U.S. Senator from Arkansas. On November 3, 2020, voters in Sevier County, AR approved alcohol sales by a vote of 3,499 (67.31 percent) to 1,699 (32.69 percent).

Hempstead County, Arkansas
Hempstead County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,065, down from 22,609 at the 2010 census.  The county seat is Hope. Hempstead County is Arkansas's fourth county, formed on December 15, 1818, alongside Clark and Pulaski counties. The county is named for Edward Hempstead, a delegate to the U.S. Congress from the Missouri Territory, which included present-day Arkansas at the time.  It is an alcohol prohibition or dry county.

The 42nd United States President, Bill Clinton, who served from 1993 to 2001, was born in the county seat of Hope on August 19, 1946. As of 2026, Clinton is the only President to have been born in Arkansas.
Grand Imam of al-Azhar
The Grand Imam of al-Azhar (Arabic: الإمام الأكبر), also known as Grand Sheikh of al-Azhar (Arabic: شيخ الأزهر الشريف), is a prestigious and a prominent official title in Egypt and the Islamic world. The current Grand Imam is Ahmed el-Tayeb, who assumed the role on 10 March 2010.

The Grand Imam of al-Azhar is considered, by most Muslims, to be the highest authority in Sunni Islamic thought and Islamic jurisprudence and holds great influence on followers of the theological Ash'ari and Maturidi traditions worldwide. The Grand Imam heads the Al-Azhar Al Sharif, al-Azhar Mosque, and by extension al-Azhar University, and is responsible for official religious matters along with the Grand Mufti of Egypt.

Dar al-Ifta al-Misriyyah
Dar al-Ifta al-Misriyya (Arabic: دار الإفتاء المصرية, romanized: Dār al-Iftā' al-Miṣriyya) is an Egyptian Islamic advisory, justiciary and governmental body established as a centre for Islam and Islamic legal research in Egypt in 1313 AH / 1895 CE. It offers Muslims religious guidance and advice through the issuing of fatwas on everyday and contemporary issues.

Dār al-Iftā' draws upon the Qur’an, hadith, and precedents of Islamic jurists throughout history to deliver fatwas on topics relevant to contemporary Muslims. Its fatwas are influential among Sunni Muslims in Egypt and across the world.
Hans Schmidt (wrestler)
Guy Larose (February 7, 1925 – May 26, 2012), better known by his ring name Hans Schmidt, was a Canadian professional wrestler famous in the 1950s and 1960s. His gimmick that of a German pseudo-Nazi heel, gained him considerable notoriety and popularized the proliferation of similar gimmicks through Canadian and American wrestling.

Amateur wrestling
Amateur wrestling is a variant of wrestling practiced at Olympic, collegiate, scholastic, and other levels. There are two international wrestling styles performed at the Olympic Games, freestyle and Greco-Roman, both of which are governed by the United World Wrestling (UWW).

At the middle school and high school levels in the United States, wrestlers compete in scholastic wrestling. In collegiate wrestling, there are minor differences in some scholastic wrestling rules.

The rapid rise in the popularity of the combat sport mixed martial arts (MMA) has increased interest in amateur wrestling due to its effectiveness within the sport and its consideration as a core discipline.
Chaitanya Charitamrita
The Chaitanya Charitamrita (Sanskrit: चैतन्यचरितामृत, romanized: Caitanya-caritāmṛta; Bengali: চৈতন্যচরিতামৃত, romanized: Côitônyôcôritamṛtô), composed by Krishnadasa Kaviraja between c. 1582 and the early 17th-century, is one of the primary biographies detailing the life and teachings of Caitanya Mahāprabhu, the founder of Gaudiya Vaishnavism. It is written in Bengali with a great number of Sanskrit verses in its devotional, poetic construction, including Shikshashtakam. The stories of Chaitanya's life are mixed with philosophical conversations detailing the process of Bhakti yoga, with special attention given to congregational chanting of the names of Krishna.

Jadunath Sarkar
Sir Jadunath Sarkar, CIE, FRAS (10 December 1870 – 19 May 1958) was a prominent Indian historian and a specialist on the Mughal dynasty.

Sarkar was educated in English literature and worked as a teacher for some time but later shifted his focus to history research writing.
He had vast knowledge of the Persian language, and he wrote all his books in English. He was vice-chancellor (VC) of the University of Calcutta from 1926 to 1928 and a member of the Bengal Legislative Council between 1929 and 1932. In 1929 the British knighted him.
Glenning Valley
Glenning Valley is a suburb of the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia, located between The Entrance and Wyong. It is part of the Central Coast Council local government area. Virginia Giuffre, a prominent victim of the paedophile Jeffrey Epstein, lived in the suburb for eleven years.

The Entrance, New South Wales
The Entrance is a coastal town in the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. It is part of the Central Coast Council local government area. At the 2021 census, The Entrance had a population of 4,244 people.

The town occupies a promontory bounded by water on three sides. The Entrance gains its name from the channel that runs along much of its northern border that is 'the entrance' to Tuggerah Lakes. The Entrance has been a holiday destination since the first guest house was established there in 1885.

The town has extensive tourist accommodation, with attractions including its beaches, lake and town centre. It is also used as a base for day trips to the Hunter Valley vineyards.
Trip Tucker
Charles "Trip" Tucker III, portrayed by Connor Trinneer, is a fictional character in the television series Star Trek: Enterprise.

Tucker was the chief engineer on the Enterprise and also briefly served in the same role aboard at the Enterprise's sister ship Columbia.

Starship Enterprise
Enterprise or USS Enterprise, often referred to as the Starship Enterprise, is the name of several spacecraft in the Star Trek science fiction franchise.

The Enterprise made for the original Star Trek television series has been called an iconic design, and it influenced subsequent spacecraft in and outside the franchise. Several vessels named Enterprise have been the main setting for various Star Trek spinoff series and films.
History of the Carolina Panthers
The Carolina Panthers' history formally dates back to 1993, when the NFL awarded the franchise to Charlotte, North Carolina. The Panthers, along with the Jacksonville Jaguars, began play in the 1995 NFL season as expansion teams. They have played in Charlotte since 1996, winning six division titles and two NFC Championships. The Panthers were the first NFL franchise based in the Carolinas and the second professional sports team based in Charlotte, the first being the NBA's Charlotte Hornets.

Kris Jenkins
Kristopher Rudy-Charles Jenkins (born August 3, 1979) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive tackle for the Carolina Panthers and New York Jets of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Maryland Terrapins. He was selected by the Panthers in the second round of the 2001 NFL draft. A two-time All-Pro and four-time Pro Bowl selection, Jenkins played seven seasons for the Panthers before being traded to the Jets in 2008.
Sect
A sect is a subgroup of a religious, political, or philosophical belief system, typically emerging as an offshoot of a larger organization. Originally, the term referred specifically to religious groups that had separated from a main body, but it can now apply to any group that diverges from a larger organization to follow a distinct set of beliefs and practices. Sects often form when there is a perception of heresy either within the subgroup or from the larger group.

In an Indian context, sect refers to an organized tradition.

Zaydism
Zaydism (Arabic: الزَّيْدِيَّة, romanized: az-Zaydiyya), also referred to as Fiver Shi'ism, is a branch of Shia Islam that emerged in the eighth century following Zayd ibn Ali's unsuccessful rebellion against the Umayyad Caliphate. Zaydism is one of the three main branches of Shi'ism, the other two being Twelverism and Ismailism.

Zaydism is typically considered the Shia branch that is closest to Sunni Islam, although the "classical" form of Zaydism (usually referred to as Hadawi) historically changed its stance on Sunni and Shia traditions multiple times, to the point where Zaydis' simply accepting Ali as a rightful successor to Muhammad was enough to consider them Shia.

Zaydis regard rationalism as more important than Quranic literalism and historically were quite tolerant towards Shafi'i Sunnism, the jurisprudential school of about half of the Yemenis. Most of the world's Zaydis are located in northwestern Yemen and Najran in Saudi Arabia.
Eri Sendai
Eri Sendai (仙台 エリ, Sendai Eri; born October 30, 1981) is a Japanese actress and voice-actress from Tokyo. Her major roles in anime include Milk/Mimino Kurumi/Milky Rose in Yes! Precure 5, Saotome Rei in Yu-Gi-Oh! GX, Sa Kōrin in The Story of Saiunkoku, Morita Yukari in Rocket Girls, Shimbara Yuuhi in Neo Ranga, and Arika in Medabots.

Sasami: Magical Girls Club
Sasami: Magical Girls Club (砂沙美☆魔法少女クラブ, Sasami: Mahō Shōjo Kurabu) is a magical girl anime which features the rather familiar likenesses of Sasami and other characters of the Tenchi Muyo! franchise, specifically those of Pretty Sammy. However, this series is not in the same continuity as the Pretty Sammy anime titles. The animation style is different, and the story is set in an alternate universe.

Produced by AIC and BeSTACK and officially recognized as a Tenchi Muyo! spin-off, it is aired in WOWOW on Thursday nights, the show aired its first season from April 13, 2006, to July 13, 2006.

Also, the anime was produced in 16:9 widescreen.

On October 6, 2006, a second season had begun airing. Both seasons have now been licensed for a release in the U.S. by Funimation.

On January 12, 2009, the series made its North American debut on the Funimation Channel.
2014 WGC-HSBC Champions
The 2014 WGC-HSBC Champions was a golf tournament played 6–9 November 2014 at the Sheshan Golf Club in Shanghai, China. It was the sixth WGC-HSBC Champions tournament, and the fourth of four World Golf Championships events held in the 2014 calendar year.

Bubba Watson won the tournament at the first playoff hole, holing a 20-foot (6 m) putt for a birdie at the 18th hole while Tim Clark took a par 5. Watson and Clark had tied for the lead at 277 after 72 holes. Watson seemed to have ruined his chance of winning by bogeying the 16th hole of the final round and taking a double bogey at the 17th. However he then holed out from a greenside bunker for an eagle at the last hole to take the lead. Clark then holed a 4-foot (1.2 m) putt for a birdie at the last to force a playoff. In the final group, Martin Kaymer, Graeme McDowell, and Hiroshi Iwata all needed a birdie at the last to join the playoff but none of the three made it.

Official World Golf Ranking
The Official World Golf Ranking is a system for rating the performance level of professional golfers. It was started in 1986. The rankings are based on a player's position in individual tournaments (i.e. not pairs or team events) over a "rolling" two-year period. New rankings are calculated each week. During 2018, nearly 400 tournaments on 20 tours were covered by the ranking system. All players competing in these tournaments are included in the rankings. In 2026, 25 tours factored into the world rankings. As well as being of general interest, the rankings have an additional importance, in that they are used as one of the qualifying criteria for entry into a number of leading tournaments.

The chair of the OWGR is former world number twelve and 2008 Masters Tournament champion Trevor Immelman.
Guillaume Courtet
Guillaume Courtet, O.P. (1589–1637) was a French Dominican friar, Catholic priest, and missionary. One of the first Frenchman to have visited Japan, he died as a martyr by beheading in Nagasaki at the hands of the Tokugawa Shogunate  on Michaelmas Day 1637 after three days continuous torture. He was canonised by Pope John Paul II in 1987 as one of the 16 Martyrs of Japan. He is celebrated annually on the September 28th as one of the 16 and on November 6th as one of the Thomasian Martyrs.

Saint Dominic
Saint Dominic, OP (Spanish: Santo Domingo; 8 August 1170 – 6 August 1221), also known as Dominic de Guzmán (Spanish: [ɡuθˈman]), was a Castilian Catholic priest and the founder of the Dominican Order. He is the patron saint of astronomers and natural scientists, and he and his order are traditionally credited with spreading and popularizing the rosary.
Keven Mealamu
Keven Filipo Mealamu MNZM (born 20 March 1979) is a former New Zealand rugby union footballer. He played at hooker for the Blues in Super Rugby, Auckland in the National Provincial Championship, and the New Zealand national team. He was part of the Blues team that won the 2003 Super 12 title, the third for the franchise.  He was a key member of 2011 and 2015 Rugby World Cup winning teams, becoming one of only 21 players who have won the Rugby World Cup on multiple occasions.

In a Bledisloe Cup test match against Australia on 20 October 2012, Mealamu became the third All Black to reach 100 test appearances.

2015 Rugby World Cup final
The 2015 Rugby World Cup final was a rugby union match to determine the winner of the 2015 Rugby World Cup, played between reigning champions New Zealand and their rivals Australia on 31 October 2015 at Twickenham Stadium in London. New Zealand beat Australia 34–17, winning the World Cup for a record third time, and becoming the first team to retain the Webb Ellis Cup. The 51 points scored in this final is the highest of all Rugby World Cup finals.

This match saw a new record for tries in a Rugby World Cup final with the teams combining for five, surpassing the previous record of four scored in the 1987 final. It was only the second final between two teams from the Southern Hemisphere, the previous one being South Africa's win over New Zealand in 1995.
Tanling ruqun
Tanling ruqun (Chinese: 坦領襦裙; pinyin: Tǎnlǐng rúqún; lit. 'Flat (or open-hearted) collar jacket skirt'), also known as Tan collar ruqun and U-collar ruqun, is a type of Hanfu which was developed under the influence of Hufu (most likely influenced by Qiuci); it is a form a kind of ruqun which typically consists of three parts, featuring a low-cut: 93–94  low-cut U-shaped collar upper inner garment with long sleeves, a U-shaped collar banbi upper outer garment with short sleeves, a long high-waisted skirt. It can also be adorned with a shawl, called pipo (Chinese: 披帛). It was a popular form of clothing attire in the Sui and Tang dynasty. In the 21st century, the Tanling ruqun re-appeared as a result of the Hanfu movement. The 21st century Tanling ruqun was developed by reproducing the original patterns of the historical tanling ruqun while being aligned with modern aesthetics.

Humao
Humao (Chinese: 胡帽; lit. 'Barbarian hat') is a type of brim hat which was used in the Tang dynasty by both Chinese men and women when horse-riding.: 54  Women of all social ranks (ranging from palace ladies to commoners) wore humao when horse-riding since the beginning of the Kaiyuan period (713–741 AD),: 311  during the Mid-Tang dynasty.: 220  The humao was a type of veil-less hat (which contrasted to the weimao); therefore, it allowed for the faces and hair to be exposed.: 311 : 220