hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Compact Linear Accelerator for Research and Applications
The Compact Linear Accelerator for Research and Applications (CLARA) is a scientific user facility at Daresbury Laboratory. It is an electron linear accelerator (linac) currently under construction in the Electron Hall.

CLARA is made up of three phases; Phase 1 is operational and has achieved energies of 50 MeV with bunch charges >250 pC. Phase 2 was constructed off-line and consists of three linacs delivering a total design energy of up to 250 MeV, 250 pC beam charge at 100 Hz repetition rate. On 2 April 2025, CLARA achieved the full design energy of 250 MeV through Phase 2, at a bunch charge of 60 pC. Phase 2 also consists of the Full Energy Beam Exploitation (FEBE) arc, a beamline which looks at plasma-wakefield acceleration, boosting the beam to energies of around 2 GeV for high energy experimentation. Phase 3 is future expansion for X-ray Free Electron Laser (X-FEL) construction. This 100 nm X-FEL is linked to the UK XFEL project.

Plasma acceleration
Plasma acceleration is a technique for accelerating charged particles, such as electrons or ions, using the electric field associated with an electron plasma wave or other high-gradient plasma structures. These structures are created using either ultra-short laser pulses or energetic particle beams that are matched to the plasma parameters. The technique offers a way to build affordable and compact particle accelerators.

Fully developed, the technology could replace many of the traditional accelerators with applications ranging from high energy physics to medical and industrial applications. Medical applications include betatron and free-electron light sources for diagnostics or radiation therapy and proton sources for hadron therapy.
Kootaberra, South Australia
Kootaberra is a locality in the Far North region of South Australia. It spans the Stuart Highway about 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of Port Augusta. The boundaries were formalised on 26 April 2013, but the name had been used long before that for the Kootaberra Station pastoral run (sheep station).

Stuart Highway
Stuart Highway is a major Australian highway. It runs from Darwin, in the Northern Territory, via Tennant Creek and Alice Springs, to Port Augusta in South Australia; it has a distance of 2,720 km (1,690 mi). Its northern and southern extremities are segments of Australia's Highway 1. The principal north–south route through the central interior of mainland Australia, the highway is often referred to simply as "The Track".

The highway is named after Scottish explorer John McDouall Stuart, who was the first European to cross Australia from south to north. The highway approximates the route Stuart took.
Szczenurze
Szczenurze [ʂt͡ʂɛˈnuʐɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wicko, within Lębork County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Lębork County
Lębork County (Kashubian: Lãbòrsczi kréz, Polish: powiat lęborski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Lębork, which lies 61 kilometres (38 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk. The only other town in the county is Łeba, lying 29 km (18 mi) north-west of Lębork.

The county covers an area of 706.99 square kilometres (273.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 66,196, out of which the population of Lębork is 35,333, that of Łeba is 3,644, and the rural population is 27,219.

Lębork County on a map of the counties of Pomeranian Voivodeship

Lębork County is bordered by Wejherowo County to the east, Kartuzy County to the south-east, Bytów County to the south and Słupsk County to the west. It also borders the Baltic Sea to the north.
Selçuk Aydın
Selçuk Aydın (born 4 September 1983) is a Turkish professional boxer. He held the European welterweight title from 2009 to 2010, the WBC Silver welterweight title from 2010 to 2012, and has challenged once for the WBC interim welterweight title in 2012. As an amateur he won several medals at the European and European Union Championships, all in the lightweight division.

European Union Amateur Boxing Championships
The European Union Amateur Boxing Championships is a competition for amateur boxers from the European Union and its candidate countries (thus Turkey is a leading participant).  The championships are organised by the continent's governing body, the European Boxing Confederation (EUBC). The first edition of the men's tournament took place in 2003 in Strasbourg, France and the women's in 2006 in Porto Torres, Italy. The men's tournament was held annually from 2003 to 2009 and every four years since 2014, while the women's tournament was held annually from 2006 to 2011 and every four years since 2013.
Dearne Community & Miners Welfare F.C.
Dearne Community & Miners Welfare F.C. was an English association football club from Goldthorpe, South Yorkshire. The club competed in the FA Amateur Cup in 1947, and won the Hatchard League in 1958 and 1959

Goldthorpe
Goldthorpe is a village in the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley, in South Yorkshire, England. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. It was anciently a small medieval farming village, Goldthorpe is recorded in the Domesday Book as part of the Manor of Bolton upon Dearne which was once owned by Roger de Busli. The town is in the Dearne North Ward of Barnsley MBC and had a population of 6,051 at the 2011 Census.
Araveedu
Araveedu is a village on the banks of Kushavathi river in Annamayya district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Galiveedu Mandal. There are 5 sub areas in Araveedu which are Araveedu Kaspa which is also known as Araveedu, Sree Nagar, Hussainabad, Malasanivaripalle and Kasireddygaripalle. It is famous for its Mango gardens, Baligutta View point and Kushavathi Reservoir. It is also famous in terms of festivals celebrations like Sankranti, Ramzan, Dussera, Bakraid, Donakonda Ganga Bhavani Ammavari Jaatara and Moharram Celebrations. The postal pin code for Araveedu is 516267. The official languages in Araveedu are Telugu and English and Araveedu peoples use to speak in mainly languages which are Telugu and Urdu languages. Bangalore is a nearest metropolitan city to the Araveedu.

Sunset in Araveedu.

Araveedu Kushavathi Reservoir.

Araveedu Pond.

Annamayya district
Annamayya district is one of the eight districts in the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh, formed in 2022 as part of the state’s administrative reorganisation. Madanapalle serves as the district’s administrative headquarters. Other major urban centres in the district include Pileru, Punganur, and Rayachoti, which function as other important hubs for administration, commerce, education, and regional connectivity.
Sweetness and Light (EP)
Sweetness and Light is the second extended play by the English alternative rock band Lush. It was released on 15 October 1990 on 4AD. Featuring a less abrasive sound than the band's earlier releases, the title track was also released as Lush's first single and included the B-side "Breeze".

Tim Friese-Greene produced Sweetness and Light over a six-week period at the Greenhouse and Wessex Sound Studios in London. The recording sessions took considerably longer than Lush's previous sessions with Robin Guthrie and John Fryer, but resulted in a more atmospheric dream pop sound.

Sweetness and Light received mixed reviews upon release, but led to Lush's first major headlining national tour and placed in the national charts. The single was particularly successful in the United States, where it placed at No. 4 on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart and received heavy rotation on radio.

Robin Guthrie
Robin Andrew Guthrie (born 4 January 1962) is a Scottish musician, songwriter, composer, record producer and audio engineer, best known as the co-founder of the dream pop band Cocteau Twins. During his career Guthrie has performed guitar, bass guitar, keyboards, drums and other musical instruments, in addition to programming, sampling and sound processing.
Prakash Dahake
Prakash Uttamrao Dahake is an Indian politician. He is a member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly representing Karanja Assembly constituency representing the Nationalist Congress Party and He held the post of Chairman of the Karanja Agricultural Produce Market Committee for 15 consecutive years and During 2009, he was also elected as the Chairman of the Vidarbha Development Corporation till 2014.

Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
The Maharashtra Legislative Assembly (ISO: Mahārāṣṭra Vidhānasabhā) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of Maharashtra state in western India. It consists of 288 members directly elected from single-seat constituencies. The Assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan in Mumbai, though the winter session is held in Nagpur. Along with the Maharashtra Legislative Council, it constitutes the legislature of Maharashtra. The presiding officer of the Assembly is the Speaker. Members of the Assembly are directly elected by the people of Maharashtra through elections held every five years, unless the Assembly is dissolved earlier. The current Assembly was elected in November 2024.
Broken Oghibbeway
During the fur trade era, a pidgin form of Ojibwe known as Broken Oghibbeway was used as a trade language in the Wisconsin and Mississippi River valleys. Data on the language was collected during the 1820s at Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, by Edwin James, a physician and naturalist, who also gave the pidgin its name. It has been described as "…a language with a restricted vocabulary drawn from the Ottawa dialect of Ojibwe with a few words from the Fox language, another Algonquian language of the region, and restructured and reduced, but not absent, Ojibwe morphology."

James recognized that Broken Oghibbeway was different from the variety of Ojibwe spoken in Wisconsin Territory. He noted that it "…is of the dialect used by the traders and the people of mixed blood in speaking with the Menomonies and Winnebagoes also many of the Sioux, Sauks and Foxes."

Sauk people
The Sauk or Sac (Sauk: Thâkîwaki) are Native Americans and Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands. Their historical territory was near Green Bay, Wisconsin. Today they have three tribes based in Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, and Oklahoma. Their federally recognized tribes are:

Sac and Fox Nation of Missouri in Kansas and Nebraska

Sac and Fox Nation, Oklahoma

Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa.

They are closely allied with the Meskwaki people. Their Sauk language is part of the Algonquian language family.
Claude Spanghero
Claude Spanghero (born 5 June 1948) is a former French rugby union footballer. 
He was  a part of the French side which won the Five Nations in 1973. He played for France over 22 times and 7 with his Brother Walter Spanghero. He played at number 8 and Lock. He famously had a very stormy relationship with his brother, Walter,  who was also an international rugby player for France.

RC Narbonne
Racing Club de Narbonne Méditerannée (also known as RCNM) is a French rugby union club that play in the third-level Nationale.

They are based in Narbonne in the Aude département of Occitania. They were founded in 1907. They play at Parc des Sports Et de l'Amitié (capacity 12,000). They wear orange and black.
Izmailivka, Pokrovsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast
Izmailivka (Ukrainian: Ізмайлівка; Russian: Измайловка) is a village in Kurakhove urban hromada, Pokrovsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, eastern Ukraine. It is located 34.21 kilometres (21.26 mi) west by north (WbN) from the centre of Donetsk city.

Points of the compass
The points of the compass are a set of horizontal, radially arrayed compass directions (or azimuths) used in navigation and cartography. A compass rose is primarily composed of four cardinal directions—north, east, south, and west—each separated by 90 degrees, and secondarily divided by four ordinal (intercardinal) directions—northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest—each located halfway between two cardinal directions. Some disciplines such as meteorology and navigation further divide the compass with additional azimuths. Within European tradition, a fully defined compass has 32 "points" (and any finer subdivisions are described in fractions of points).

Compass points or compass directions are valuable in that they allow a user to refer to a specific azimuth in a colloquial fashion, without having to compute or remember degrees.
White cockatoo
The white cockatoo (Cacatua alba), also known as the umbrella cockatoo, is a medium-sized all-white cockatoo endemic to tropical rainforest on islands of Indonesia. When surprised, it extends a large and striking head crest, which has a semicircular shape (similar to an umbrella, hence the alternative name). The wings and tail have a pale yellow or lemon color which is exposed when they fly. It is similar to other species of white cockatoo such as yellow-crested cockatoo, sulphur-crested cockatoo, and salmon-crested cockatoo, all of which have yellow, orange or pink crest feathers instead of white.

Halmahera
Halmahera, formerly known as Jilolo, Gilolo, or Jailolo, is the largest island in the Maluku Islands. It is part of the North Maluku province of Indonesia, and Sofifi, the capital of the province, is located on the west coast of the island.

Halmahera has a land area of 17,780 km2 (6,860 sq mi). It is the largest island of Indonesia outside the five main islands. It had a population of 162,728 in 1995; by 2010, it had increased to 449,938 for the island itself (excluding the tip which is considered part of the Joronga Islands, but including Gebe and Ju islands) and 667,161 for the island group (including all of South Halmahera and Tidore, but not Ternate). Approximately half of the island's inhabitants are Muslim and half are Christian.
Eurema dina
Eurema dina, the dina yellow, is a butterfly in the family Pieridae. The species was first described by Felipe Poey in 1832. It is found from Panama north to southern Florida.

The wingspan is 32–57 mm (1.3–2.2 in).Adults are on wing year round in southern Florida. Strays can be found in southern Texas in November and southern Arizona in October. Adults feed on flower nectar of Lantana, Asclepias and small-flowered Asteraceae species in South America.

The larvae feed on Alvaradoa amorphoides in Florida and Picramnia species in Central America.

Picramnia
Picramnia, the bitterbushes, is a genus of flowering plants generally placed in the family Picramniaceae, but sometimes included in Simaroubaceae. The name is conserved against the genera Pseudo-brasilium Adans., and Tariri Aubl., both which have been rejected (nomen rejiciendum).
Barry Rumack
Barry H. Rumack (born November 1, 1942) is an American medical toxicologist and pediatrician. His primary clinical and research interest has been in clinical toxicology with a special interest in acetaminophen poisoning. Since 2014 he is emeritus professor of emergency medicine and pediatrics at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

The New England Journal of Medicine
The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) is a weekly medical journal published by the Massachusetts Medical Society. Founded in 1812, the journal is among the most prestigious peer-reviewed medical journals. Its 2024 impact factor was 78.5, ranking it 2nd out of 168 journals in the category "Medicine, General & Internal".
Man with a Shotgun
Man with a Shotgun (散弾銃(ショットガン)の男, Shottogan no Otoko; aka The Man with the Hollow-Tip Bullets) is a 1961 Japanese Western film directed by Seijun Suzuki in the vein of the Nikkatsu Studio's "borderless action cinema". Hideaki Nitani stars as a singing cowboy and trucker who seeks revenge after his girlfriend is raped and murdered.

Nikkatsu
Nikkatsu Corporation (日活株式会社, Nikkatsu Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese film studio located in Bunkyō. The name Nikkatsu amalgamates the words Nippon Katsudō Shashin, literally "Japan Motion Pictures".

Shareholders are Nippon Television Holdings (35%) and SKY Perfect JSAT Corporation (28.4%).
Garry Shephard
Garry Shephard (born 30 March 1976) is a Welsh former semi-professional football player, who played as a striker. He was a prolific goalscorer and fans' favourite for non-league sides Newport County and Merthyr.

Merthyr Tydfil F.C.
Merthyr Tydfil Football Club was a Welsh football club based at the Penydarren Park ground in Merthyr Tydfil. In 2010 the club was liquidated and reformed under the name Merthyr Town, which was accepted into Division One of the Western League.
Golf Digest Tournament
The Golf Digest Tournament was a golf tournament in Japan. It was founded in 1971 and was part of the Japan Golf Tour from 1973 to 1997. It was played in October at the Tōmei Country Club near Susono, Shizuoka.

Japan Golf Tour
The Japan Golf Tour (Japanese: 日本ゴルフツアー機構) is a prominent professional golf tour. It was founded in 1973 and as of 2006, it offered the third-highest annual prize fund out of the regular (that is not for seniors) men's professional tours after the PGA Tour and the European Tour. However, since the early 1990s, the growth in prize money has not kept pace with that on the two larger tours. Official events on the Japan Golf Tour count for Official World Golf Ranking points and success on the tour can also qualify members to play in the majors.
Vernonia angustifolia
Vernonia angustifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to the southeastern United States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina and South Carolina). It was first described by André Michaux in 1803.

Within the United States' Coastal Plain region, this species has been observed in habitats such as longleaf pine savannas, second growth hardwood systems, slash pine-wiregrass flats, and cabbage palm hammocks.

Coastal plain
A coastal plain (also coastal plains, coastal lowland, coastal lowlands) is an area of flat, low-lying land adjacent to a sea coast. A fall line commonly marks the border between a coastal plain and an upland area.
Taiping Sky Bridge
The Taiping Sky Bridge (traditional Chinese: 太平雲梯; simplified Chinese: 太平云梯; pinyin: Tàipíng Yúntī) is a suspension bridge in Meishan Township, Chiayi County, Taiwan. It is the longest suspension bridge in Taiwan.

Chiayi County
Chiayi is a county in Taiwan. Located in southwestern Taiwan surrounding but not including Chiayi City, it is the sixth largest county in the island of Taiwan. Its major tourist destination is Alishan National Scenic Area.
Tony Carr (basketball)
Anthony Gregory Carr (born October 11, 1997) is an American professional basketball player for Sagesse Club of the LBL and West Asia Super League. He played college basketball for the Penn State Nittany Lions.

Penn State Nittany Lions basketball
The Penn State Nittany Lions basketball team is an NCAA Division I college basketball team representing the Pennsylvania State University. They play home games at the 15,261-seat Bryce Jordan Center, moving there from Rec Hall during the 1995–96 season. Their student cheering section is known as the Legion of Blue.

The team played its first season of basketball in 1897, finishing with a 1–1 record after playing Bucknell twice.  They lost the first game 4–24, and won the second 10–7.  The team went without a formal head coach until Burke Hermann in 1916.

The program has ten NCAA tournament appearances with its best finish coming in 1954, reaching the Final Four.  Its most recent appearance was in 2023, when the team beat Texas A&M in the first round. The program also has 11 appearances in the National Invitation Tournament, with the most recent being in 2018, when they beat Utah to win the NIT championship. They also won the NIT championship in 2009.
Swimming at the 1971 Pan American Games – Women's 100 metre breaststroke
The women's 100 metre breaststroke competition of the swimming events at the 1971 Pan American Games took place on 7 August 1971. The last Pan American Games champion was Catie Ball of US.

This race consisted of two lengths of the pool, both lengths being in breaststroke.

1971 Pan American Games
The 1971 Pan American Games, officially known as the VI Pan American Games (Spanish: VI Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Cali 1971, were held in Cali, Colombia, from 30 July to 13 August 1971. (One source dates the Games from July 25 to August 8.) A total of 2,935 athletes from 32 countries participated in 17 sports. (One source put the number of competing athletes at 4,000.)
Bozel
Bozel (French pronunciation: [bɔzɛl]; Arpitan Savoyard: Bosél or Bozél) is a commune in the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in Southeastern France. As of 2023, the population of the commune was 2,098.

Bozel acts as a base village for the largest ski area in the world, Les Trois Vallées. Specifically in the valley of Courchevel. Bozel does not yet have a lift of any sort or any ski runs as it lies at 870M above sea level. However, there are constant discussions and rumours that the town will get its own gondola lift which will go up to the village of Le Praz at 1060M. Le Praz has lifts and ski runs of its own which connect it to the main town of the Courchevel valley; Courchevel 1850.

In the course of the French Revolution, it was briefly renamed Fructidor.

Courchevel
Courchevel (French pronunciation: [kuʁʃəvɛl]) is a French Alps ski resort located in the Tarentaise Valley. It is a part of Les Trois Vallées, the largest linked ski areas in the world.

Courchevel also refers to the towns of Courchevel 1300 (Le Praz), Courchevel 1550, Courchevel 1650 (Moriond), and Courchevel 1850, which are named for their elevations in metres. The resort centre of Courchevel is at 1,747 metres (5,732 ft) above sea level.

Sports events from the 1992 Winter Olympics and the 2023 World Ski Championships took place in Courchevel. The ski resort is considered exclusive, attracting wealthy clientele including royal families. It hosts one of the largest concentrations of five-star ranking luxury hotels.
YÖS exam
The YÖS Examination (Turkish: Yabancı Uyruklu Öğrenci Sınavı) is an entrance examination designed for foreign students who wish to enroll in higher education institutions in Turkey.

Universities conduct their own versions of the exam. The test is open only for students wishing to enroll in undergraduate programs. Enrolled students who seek a transfer as well as those who wish to follow postgraduate programs apply directly to the institutions of their choice.

The YÖS Examination is composed of three tests:

Mathematics and problems

Intelligence

Geometry

Approximately 9,200 candidates take the YÖS Examination annually.

Entrance examination
In education, an entrance examination or admission examination is an examination that educational institutions conduct to select prospective students. It may be held at any stage of education, from primary to tertiary, even though it is typically held at tertiary stage.