hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
PNS Hamza
PNS/M Hamza (S-139) is a diesel-electric fast-attack submarine equipped with an air–independent propulsion system and the third submarine of its Agosta 90B/Khalid-class submarine. It was designed and constructed by the KSEW Ltd. under the technology transfer agreement with France in 1994.

PNS Hamza is the first submarine that has been fitted with the French MESMA system, which was an experimental at that stage – Pakistan is the first country to use the MESMA system in deep sea on board a submarine. It is the first submarine built in South Asia to feature an Air-independent propulsion.

Karachi Naval Dockyard
The Karachi Naval Dockyard (officially: PN Dockyard), or Naval Base Karachi is a principle base for the Pakistan Navy located off the Karachi coast and adjacent to the commercial premises of the KESW Ltd. and the PNS Qasim, the marine base.

The Karachi Naval Dockyard is also a marine propulsion production base for the Pakistan Navy and has undertaken the shipbuilding and maintenance works on behalf of the Ministry of Defense.
Chennai Egmore–Guruvayur Express
The 16127 / 16128 Chennai Egmore–Guruvayur Express is one of the express trains of Southern Railway zone in India, which runs between Chennai Egmore in Tamilnadu to Guruvayur in Kerala. This train is the successor the erstwhile Chennai Egmore (MS) - Cochin Harbour Terminus (CHTS) Mixed Express. The Mixed Express stopped running after Cochin Harbour Terminus (CHTS) was closed down for Passenger services in 2000.

Ernakulam Junction railway station
Ernakulam Junction railway station (also known as Ernakulam South, station code: ERS) is an NSG–2 category Indian railway station in Thiruvananthapuram railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is the main railway terminus in the city of Kochi, Kerala. Controlling 376 train routes at a time, it is one of busiest railway stations in South India and an important railway hub. At ₹158 crore (equivalent to ₹196 crore or US$23 million in 2023) in financial year 2018–19, it is the second largest in terms of passenger revenues in Kerala and the fifth largest in Southern Railway. Ernakulam Junction is an NSG-2 classified station operated by the Southern Railway zone of the Indian Railways and comes under the Thiruvananthapuram railway division. It is also the first fully disabled-friendly railway station in India.
Mod mono
mod_mono is a module for the Apache HTTP Server that allows for hosting of ASP.NET pages and other assemblies on multiple platforms by use of the Mono development platform.

A similar module called mod_aspdotnet by another group allows hosting of ASP.NET pages and other assemblies with the Microsoft .NET Framework but because of that dependency, will only function on Microsoft Windows platforms.

The source code is written in the C programming language. It is licensed under Apache License 2.0 and hosted on GitHub.

In typical deployments, mod_mono works together with the mod‑mono‑server backend, which actually hosts the ASP.NET runtime and executes the application logic. mod_mono forwards incoming HTTP requests to mod‑mono‑server via a socket, allowing Apache to serve multiple independent ASP.NET applications within isolated application domains on the same server.

Apache License
The Apache License is a permissive free-software license written by the Apache Software Foundation (ASF). It allows users to use the software for any purpose, to distribute it, to modify it, and to distribute modified versions of the software under the terms of the license, without concern for royalties. The ASF and its projects release their software products under the Apache License. The license is also used by many non-ASF projects.
Obere Warnow
Obere Warnow is a municipality in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It was formed on 1 January 2012 by the merger of the former municipalities Grebbin and Herzberg. It takes its name from the river Warnow, that has its source near Grebbin.

Ludwigslust-Parchim
Ludwigslust-Parchim, commonly abbreviated as LUP, is a rural district in the southwest of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. At 4,750 km2 (1,830 mi2) it is the second largest district in all of Germany by area, only being surpassed by neighboring Mecklenburgische Seenplatte, while also having the lowest population density of the districts in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and the sixth-lowest in Germany overall. Its territory comprises 145 municipalities, 16 thereof towns, most of which are administered by one of the 15 constituent Ämter in the district. The seat of the district administration is Parchim. It is a member of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region.
Devonshire Tunnel
Devonshire Tunnel is on the closed Somerset & Dorset Joint Railway main line, between Midford and Bath Green Park railway stations, below high ground and the southern suburbs of Bath, England, emerging below the northern slopes of Combe Down village. It opened in 1874 and was named after the road called Devonshire Buildings which lie immediately above the tunnel.

It now forms one of the eponymous tunnels in the Two Tunnels Greenway.

Midford railway station
Midford railway station served the village of Midford, in Somerset, England. It comprised one platform on the Bath extension of the Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway (S&DJR), just to the north of the point where the double track became single tracked.
Gmina Mokotów
Gmina Mokotów (Polish pronunciation: [mɔˈkɔt.uf]) was a rural gmina (municipality) of the Warsaw County, located in the Warsaw Governorate, with its seat of government located in the village of Mokotów (now part of Warsaw). From 1867 to 1915, it was part of Vistula Land (Congress Poland) in the Russian Empire, and from 1915 to 1916, part of the Government General of Warsaw administrated by the German Empire. On 8 April 1916, from the orders of governor-general Hans Hartwig von Beseler, Gmina Mokotów was incorporated into the city of Warsaw. Its administration was ultimately resolved on 1 July 1916, being fully incorporated into city administration.  It was a highly urbanized municipality, de facto functioning as a suburb of Warsaw (especially after the typical rural areas were detached from it to the Wilanów municipality in 1909).

Warsaw Governorate
Warsaw Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of Congress Poland of the Russian Empire.

It was created in 1844 from the Masovia and Kalisz Governorates, and had the capital in Warsaw. In 1867 territories of the Warsaw Governorate were divided into three smaller governorates: a smaller Warsaw Governorate, Piotrków Governorate and the recreated Kalisz Governorate.

A small reform in 1893 increased the Warsaw Governorate's size with territories split from Płock and Łomża governorates.
Institute for Business in the Global Context
42°24′27.58″N 71°07′18.08″W﻿ / ﻿42.4076611°N 71.1216889°W﻿ / 42.4076611; -71.1216889

Institute for Business in the Global Context (IBGC) is an educational organization founded in 2011, devoted to international business studies, within The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, at Tufts University. IBGC houses the school's Master of International Business (MIB), and the Council on Emerging Market Enterprises (CEME).

Oliver Wyman
Oliver Wyman, LLC is an American management consulting firm. Founded in New York City in 1984 by former Booz Allen Hamilton partners Alex Oliver and Bill Wyman, the firm has more than 60 offices in Europe, North America, the Middle East, and Asia-Pacific employing over 5,000 professionals. The firm is part of the Oliver Wyman Group, a business unit of Marsh McLennan.
Karikuzhi
Karikuzhi is a place in Kollam district of Kerala, India. Nearby places are Perayam, Kumbalam, Padappakkara and Kanjiracodu. Karmala Rani Parish Church has been recently renovated. Karikuzhi, Mulavana PIN code is 691503 and the postal head office is Mulavana.

Kanjiracodu
Kanjiracode in Kundara lies on the banks of the Kanjiracodu Kayal of Kollam district in Kerala, India. The area postal pin code is 629155.

The erstwhile ALIND or Aluminium Industries one of the earliest aluminum cable manufacturing units for the country began operations here. It also had major industries as the Kerala Ceramics and ALLIED Industries established here. The Aluminium Industries Limited came into existence, on 2 January 1946, promoted by then Seshasayee Group with its Conductor Division set up in Kundara, Kerala under technical collaboration from the world-renowned ALCAN, Canada.

The satellite town of Kollam is set to get an economic boost with the opening of the Technopark-Kollam in Kanjiracode.

Cutcherry mukku the junction beside the Mini Civil Station and the Village panchayat meets everyday shopping needs. Mukkada the central junction of Kundara caters to other consumer needs.
5 Trianguli
5 Trianguli is a solitary star located in the northern constellation Triangulum. With an apparent magnitude of 6.23, it’s barely visible to the naked eye under ideal conditions. The star is located 399 light years away from the Solar System, but is drifting away with a radial velocity of 7.7 km/s.

5 Trianguli has a classification of A0 Vm, which states it’s an A-type main-sequence star with unusually strong metallic lines. It has 2.22 times the mass of the Sun and 2.96 times the radius of the Sun. 5 Trianguli radiates at 48 solar luminosities from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 8,836 kelvin, which gives it a white-hue of an A-type star. It has a low projected rotational velocity of 15 km/s, common for Am stars.

A-type main-sequence star
An A-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence (core hydrogen burning) star of spectral type A. The spectral luminosity class is V. These stars have spectra defined by strong hydrogen Balmer absorption lines. They measure between 1.7 and 2.1 solar masses (M☉), have surface temperatures between 7,600 and 10,000 K, and live for about a quarter of the lifetime of the Sun. Bright and nearby examples are Altair (A7), Sirius A (A1), and Vega (A0). A-type stars do not have convective zones and thus are not expected to harbor magnetic dynamos. As a consequence, because they do not have strong stellar winds; they lack a means to generate X-ray emission.
Frisius Point
Frisius Point (Bulgarian: нос Фризий, romanized: nos Frisius, IPA: [ˈnɔs ˈfrizij]) is the rocky north entrance point of Malak Sechko Cove and southwest entrance point of Golyam Sechko Cove projecting 450 m westwards from the northwest coast of Guangzhou Peninsula on Nelson Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers. Frisius Point is part of both Antarctic Specially Protected Area Harmony Point (ASPA 133) and the BirdLife International Important Bird Area Harmony Point, Nelson Island.

The feature is named after Gemma Frisius (Jemme Reinderszoon, 1508–1555), a Dutch mathematician, cartographer and instrument maker who was the first to describe how a chronometer could be used to determine longitude in navigation, and to propose the use of triangulation to accurately position places for mapmaking; in association with other names in the area deriving from the early development or use of geodetic instruments and methods.

Golyam Sechko Cove
Golyam Sechko Cove (Bulgarian: залив Голям Сечко, romanized: zaliv Golyam Sechko, IPA: [ˈzaliv ɡoˈlam ˈsɛt͡ʃko]) is the 2.45 km wide cove indenting for 780 m the northwest coast of Nelson Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica southwest of Sabin Point. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers.

The feature is named after the Bulgarian mythical figure Golyam (big) Sechko associated with winter and cold, in relation to working in the harsh Antarctic environment.
Ungersheim
Ungersheim (French pronunciation: [uŋ(ɡ)əʁsaim] ⓘ; Alemannic German: Ungersche) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of Grand Est in eastern France. It forms part of the Mulhouse Alsace Agglomération, the inter-communal local government body for the Mulhouse conurbation.

It is known for:

the Écomusée d'Alsace, an open-air museum showing:
70 old, rebuilt Alsatian-style houses;
many workshops of local traditional crafts with working craftspeople;
the "Eden Palladium", a unique museum of old-timer carrousels and attractions still working;

"Le Bioscope", a leisure park dedicated to environmental questions, proposing amusing and educating activities.

Mulhouse
Mulhouse (/məˈluːz/ mə-LOOZ, French: [myluz] ⓘ; Alsatian: Mìlhüsa [mɪlˈhyːsa]; German: Mülhausen [myːlˈhaʊzn̩] ⓘ, meaning "mill house") is a French city of the European Collectivity of Alsace (Haut-Rhin department, in the Grand Est region of France). It is near the border with Switzerland and Germany. It is the largest city in Haut-Rhin and second largest in Alsace after Strasbourg.

Mulhouse is known for its museums, especially the Cité de l'Automobile (also known as the Musée national de l'automobile, 'National Museum of the Automobile') and the Cité du Train (also known as Musée Français du Chemin de Fer, 'French Museum of the Railway'), respectively the largest automobile and railway museums in the world. An industrial town nicknamed "the French Manchester", Mulhouse is also the main seat of the Upper Alsace University, where the secretariat of the European Physical Society is found.
Matchlock musket in China
Matchlock musket was used in China as both military and civilian weapon from the middle of 16th century, and were still part of the armament of the Qing imperial army till the end of the 19th century, which at this time, had become outdated.

Wokou
Wokou (Chinese: 倭寇; pinyin: Wōkòu; Japanese: 倭寇; Hepburn: Wakō; Korean: 왜구; Hanja: 倭寇; RR: Waegu; literal Chinese translation: "dwarf bandits"), which translates to "Japanese pirates", were pirates who raided the coastlines of China and Korea from the 13th century to the 17th century. The wokou were made of various ethnicities of East Asian ancestry, which varied over time and raided the mainland from islands in the Sea of Japan and East China Sea.

Wokou activity in Korea declined after the Treaty of Gyehae in 1443 but continued in Ming China and peaked during the Jiajing wokou raids in the mid-16th century. Chinese reprisals and strong clamp-downs on pirates by Japanese authorities saw the wokou disappear by the 17th century.
Religion in Birmingham
Birmingham was historically an overwhelmingly Christian city, but now Christians form a minority of the population. Christianity was still the largest religion in Birmingham in the 2021 census.

In the 2021 census, the religious composition of Birmingham comprised: 34.0% Christianity, 29.9% Islam, 24.1% No religion, 2.9% Sikhism, 1.9% Hinduism, 0.4% Buddhism, 0.1% Judaism, 0.6% Other religion, and 6.1% Not stated.

The most substantial recent changes in the religious composition of Birmingham are the significant decrease in Christianity from 59.1% in the 2001 census to 34.0% in the 2021 census and the significant increase in Islam from 14.3% in the 2001 census to 29.9% in the 2021 census.

St Chad's Cathedral, Birmingham
The Metropolitan Cathedral Church and Basilica of Saint Chad is a Catholic cathedral in Birmingham, England. It is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Birmingham and is dedicated to Saint Chad of Mercia.

Designed by Augustus Welby Pugin and substantially complete by 1841, St Chad's is one of the first four Catholic churches constructed after the English Reformation and was raised to cathedral status in 1852. It is one of only four minor basilicas in England (the others being Downside Abbey, the National Shrine of Our Lady of Walsingham and Corpus Christi Priory).

St Chad's is a Grade II* listed building and is located in a public greenspace near St Chad's Queensway, in central Birmingham. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Birmingham, currently Bernard Longley, and the dean is Canon Brian McGinley.
Take Me Home Tour (Cher)
The Take Me Home Tour was the first solo concert tour by American singer-actress Cher. It premiered in June 1979 at the Sahara Reno Opera House Theatre in Reno, Nevada, featuring an elaborate production and cast assembled by Joe Layton. The tour, which concluded in August 1982, marked Cher's solo debut on the nightclub circuit.

The Monte Carlo Show
The Monte Carlo Show is a variety show that was produced in Monte Carlo and presented by Patrick Wayne. The show featured a French puppet sidekick Ploom the Caterpillar, created by puppeteer André Tahon.  The show was taped live in Monaco and featured talent from around the world.  The series was broadcast in the USA in 1980.
Kodanad estate robbery and murder
Kodanad estate is a tea estate in the Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu. This estate is located in Kodanad, about 12 km from Kotagiri in the Nilgiris district. The estate is located near the tourist destination of Kodanad view point.

A criminal incident that took place on 24 April 2017, at the Kodanad estate. The estate served as one of the residences of former Tamil Nadu Chief Minister J. Jayalalithaa. During the attempted burglary, a security guard was killed and another was injured. The case attracted widespread public and media attention due to the estate's association with Jayalalithaa and the alleged links of some suspects to members of her political party, the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK). Several individuals were arrested in connection with the crime, and investigations into the motive and possible political implications have continued in the years since.

Kotagiri
Kotagiri is a hill station and a municipality in the Nilgiris district of the Indian state, Tamil Nadu. The Nilgiri hills have been the traditional home of the "Kota" tribes. The name 'Kota-giri' itself means 'mountains of the kotas'. Kotagiri was known in the past as 'Kota-keri' or 'Kota-gherry', the 'street of Kotas'. The town has developed around numerous knolls and valleys. It is one of the largest hill stations in the Nilgiri Mountains. Located at an average elevation of 1,950 m (6,400 ft), Kotagiri is quietly tucked away in the Nilgiris and used to be one of the summer resorts of the Madras Presidency. The town was discovered in the year 1819 by John Sullivan when he came to a village called Dhimbatty to the north of Kotagiri. Kotagiri enjoys the third coldest climate next to Ooty and Kodaikanal in South India.
1979 New Hebridean general election
General elections were held in the New Hebrides on 14 November 1979 for the seats in Representative Assembly, the last before independence the following year. The result was a victory for the Vanua'aku Pati, which won 25 of the 39 seats, with its partner party Natui Tanno winning one. Voter turnout was 90.3%.

New Hebrides
New Hebrides, named after the Hebrides in Scotland by Captain James Cook in 1774, was the colonial name for the island group in the South Pacific Ocean that is now Vanuatu.  The New Hebrides Condominium (French: Condominium des Nouvelles-Hébrides), which followed the governance of the islands under the Anglo-French Joint Naval Commission (1887–1889 and 1890–1906), lasted from 1906 until 1980, when New Hebrides gained its independence as the Republic of Vanuatu.
Fernieside
Fernieside is a neighbourhood on the southern edge of the city of Edinburgh, Scotland, four miles (6.5 km) southeast of the city centre. It is very close to Craigour, which is just to its north, with Ferniehill to the south, Moredun to the west and open land to the east denoting the city boundary (Danderhall a short distance further on); most amenities are found at Gilmerton. Laid out as public housing from 1947, many properties have been sold through right-to-buy legislation, while small private developments have been inserted to the north in the early 21st century.

Gilmerton
Gilmerton is a suburb of Edinburgh, about 4 miles (6.4 km) southeast of the city centre.

The toponym "Gilmerton" is derived from a combination of Scottish Gaelic: Gille-Moire– a personal name and later surname meaning "Servant of [the Virgin] Mary", from which comes the first element, "Gilmer",  – and Old English: ton meaning "settlement" or "farmstead". Versions of the name are recorded from the middle of the 12th century.

Below its centre is a series of shallow linked caves collectively called Gilmerton Cove. Traditionally these were attributed to the work of a local blacksmith, George Paterson (d.1735), who began work in 1720 and completed excavations in 1724 occupying these caves under his house and smiddy for eleven years. Paterson's name is inscribed on the lintel at the entrance.
George DeCicco
George "Big Georgie" DeCicco (March 20, 1929 - October 3, 2014) was a New York mobster and longtime caporegime in the Gambino crime family. DeCicco is one of the last captains of the old John Gotti administration in the 1980s who was able to avoid indictments. DeCicco is the brother of former Gambino underboss Frank DeCicco, who was killed in a car-bomb meant for his boss John Gotti, ordered by then boss of the Genovese crime family who is now deceased, Vincent "Chin" Gigante, and Lucchese crime family leaders Vittorio "Vic" Amuso and Anthony "Gaspipe" Casso as revenge for the murder of former Gambino crime family boss, Paul Castellano, a strong ally of both the Genovese and Lucchese crime families.

Victor Amuso
Vittorio "Little Vic" Amuso (born November 4, 1934) is an American mobster and the boss of the Lucchese crime family. He was described as "The Deadly Don" by Assistant United States Attorney Charles Rose. Amuso's reign is considered one of the bloodiest periods in American Mafia history during the late 1980s and early 1990s, alongside his former underboss and close protégé Anthony Casso, who turned informer against him in 1994. Since the death of Colombo crime family boss Carmine Persico in March 2019, Amuso is currently the longest-serving crime family boss of the Five Families, dating back to 1987. Amuso has been serving a life sentence on murder and racketeering charges since 1992, and is currently incarcerated at the Federal Correctional Complex, Butner in North Carolina.
Tubâ
Tubâ (Tagalog pronunciation: [tʊˈbaʔ]) is a traditional Filipino palm wine made from the naturally fermented sap of various species of palm trees. During the Spanish colonial period, tubâ was introduced to Guam, the Marianas, and Mexico via the Manila galleons. It remains popular in Mexico, especially in the states of Colima, Jalisco, Michoacán, Nayarit, and Guerrero. Tubâ was also introduced to the Torres Strait Islands of Australia in the mid-19th century by Filipino immigrant workers in the pearling industry.

Sap
Sap is a fluid transported in the xylem cells (vessel elements or tracheids) or phloem sieve tube elements of a plant.  These cells transport water and nutrients throughout the plant.

Sap is distinct from latex, resin, or cell sap; it is a separate substance, separately produced, and with different components and functions.

Insect honeydew is called sap, particularly when it falls from trees, but is only the remains of eaten sap and other plant parts.