hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Convent of Wesel
The Wesel Convention was a secret gathering of leading church people from Dutch refugee communities, believed to have taken place in November 1568 in the Hanseatic city of Wesel. While there have been questions about the date and place of this Convention, decisions taken around that time are still influential for the church order of Reformed churches in the Netherlands. These decisions also led to the introduction of the presbyterial-synodal structures of affiliated churches, first in the duchies of Jülich-Kleve-Berg, and later in all German provincial churches. Recent research, however, has disputed whether this specific gathering occurred at all, or if it took place in a different year and location.

United Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg
The United Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg was a territory in the Holy Roman Empire between 1521 and 1614, formed from the personal union of the duchies of Jülich, Cleves and Berg.

The name was resurrected after the Congress of Vienna for the province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg of the Kingdom of Prussia between 1815 and 1822. Its territory is today split between the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the Dutch province of Gelderland.
Veresmart Offensive
The Veresmart Offensive was a World War I military engagement between Romanian forces on one side and Central Powers forces (Germany and Austria-Hungary) on the other side. It was part of the larger Battle of Transylvania. Although the Romanians failed to reach their planned objective, the strategic situation of the Central Powers was significantly worsened by the Romanian attack. Nevertheless, the Romanian forces did not exploit their strategic success further.

Avrig
Avrig (Romanian pronunciation: [aˈvriɡ]; German: Freck/Fryck, Transylvanian Saxon: Freck/Fraek, Hungarian: Felek) is a town in Sibiu County, Transylvania, central Romania. The first documents attesting its existence date to 1346. It officially became a town in 1989, as a result of the Romanian rural systematization program.
Swallow (1797 ship)
Swallow was launched in France in 1793. After her capture circa 1797, she became a slave ship, sailing from London in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1797 with T. Wilson, master and owner, and trade Liverpool–Africa.

Captain Thomas Wilson sailed from London on 6 July 1797. In 1797, 104 vessels sailed from English ports, bound for Africa to acquire and transport enslaved people. Twelve of these vessels sailed from London.

Swallow acquired her captives at the Congo River and landed 218 captives at Grenada on 6 April 1798. She then disappears from currently available records.

Slave ship
Slave ships were large cargo ships specially built or converted from the 17th to the 19th century for transporting slaves. Such ships were also known as "Guineamen" because the trade involved human trafficking to and from the Guinea coast in West Africa.
For All the Fucked Up Children
For All the Fucked Up Children is a 1995 release from the neo-psychedelic trio Spacemen 3.  The record consists of what claims to be Spacemen 3's first ever recording session, from 1984.  The music sounds like a primitive version of the group, the dominating sound of the record is a slow, droning psychedelic blues performed with spare instrumentation. A drum set is matched with a pair of distorted electric guitars, all of which provide a swirling foundation for Jason Pierce's vocals.  The album's liner notes is an early review by Gary Boldie, where he contemplates the city of Rugby and finds it an odd source for this new sound, and while he declares Spacemen 3 as the "all singing, all dancing answer to the problems of a grey 1985,"  he admits they are still raw, a little too repetitive, and need time to blossom.

Jason Pierce
Jason Andrew Pierce (born 19 November 1965 in Rugby) is an English musician. Currently the frontman and sole permanent member of the band Spiritualized, he previously co-fronted the alternative rock band Spacemen 3 with Peter Kember from 1982 until 1991. He has worked under the name J. Spaceman.
Lactimidomycin
Lactimidomycin is a glutarimide antibiotic derived from the bacteria Streptomyces amphibiosporus. It has antifungal, antiviral and anti-cancer properties, acting as a direct inhibitor of protein translation in ribosomes. Antiviral activity is seen against a variety of RNA viruses including flaviviruses such as dengue fever, Kunjin virus and Modoc virus, as well as vesicular stomatitis virus and poliovirus. As lactimidomycin is a natural product containing an unusual unsaturated 12-membered lactone ring, it has been the subject of numerous total synthesis approaches.

Antifungal
An antifungal medication, also known as an antimycotic medication, is a pharmaceutical fungicide or fungistatic used to treat and prevent mycosis such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis (thrush), serious systemic infections such as cryptococcal meningitis, and others. Such drugs are usually obtained by a doctor's prescription, but a few are available over the counter (OTC). The evolution of antifungal resistance is a growing threat to health globally.
Tonnelle Avenue station
Tonnelle Avenue station /tɒnəli/ is a ground-level station on the Hudson–Bergen Light Rail (HBLR) located at 51st Street in North Bergen, New Jersey. The station opened for service on February 25, 2006.

Service from the station travels to West Side Avenue in Jersey City at all times. On weekdays, service is also available to Hoboken Terminal. In conjunction with the station, New Jersey Transit operates a 730-space park-and-ride lot on Tonnelle Avenue (U.S. Route 1 & 9), between 49th and 51st Streets.

Currently, the station is the northern terminus for the light rail system, with two tracks and an island platform. The proposed Northern Branch Corridor Project would extend the line from Tonnelle Avenue north into Englewood, in eastern Bergen County.

Daily and monthly parking is available.

Englewood, New Jersey
Englewood is a city in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is part of the New York metropolitan area. Englewood was incorporated as a city by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 17, 1899, from portions of Ridgefield Township and the remaining portions of Englewood Township. As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 29,308, its highest decennial count ever and an increase of 2,161 (+8.0%) from the 2010 census count of 27,147, which in turn reflected an increase of 944 (+3.6%) from the 26,203 counted in the 2000 census.
Starvation Creek Falls
Starvation Creek Falls, is a two tier waterfall located in the Starvation Creek State Park at the north skirt of the Columbia River Gorge, in Hood River County, in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is located in a privileged area along the Historic Columbia River Highway, where four waterfalls are located in the Starvation Creek State Park: Cabin Creek Falls, Hole In the Wall Falls, Lancaster Falls, and Starvation Creek Falls—all within 2 miles from each other.

The cascade and its river trail are surrounded by forests in the heart of the Columbia Plateau, off the western skirt of Viento Ridge.

Columbia Plateau
The Columbia Plateau is an important geologic and geographic region that lies across parts of the U.S. states of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. It is a wide flood basalt plateau between the Cascade Range and the Rocky Mountains, cut through by the Columbia River.
Joscha
Joscha is a unisex given name, found in Germany and Switzerland. Notable people with this name include:

Joscha Bach (born 1973), a German AI and cognitive science researcher

Joscha Burkhalter (born 1996), a Swiss biathlete

Joscha Kiefer (born 1982), a German actor

Joscha Remus (born 1958), a German author

Joscha Schmierer (born 1942), a German politician and author

Joscha Wosz (born 2002), a German football player

Joscha Bach
Joscha Bach (born 21 December 1973) is a German cognitive scientist, AI researcher, and philosopher known for his work on cognitive architectures, artificial intelligence, mental representation, emotion, social modeling, multi-agent systems, and philosophy of mind. His research aims to bridge cognitive science and AI by studying how human intelligence and consciousness can be modeled computationally.
Prince Edward Island Route 225
Route 225 is a 33.4-kilometre (20.8 mi), two-lane, uncontrolled-access, secondary highway in central Prince Edward Island. Route 225 passes through the hilly central portion of Queens County, parallel to and roughly halfway between the Trans-Canada Highway (Route 1) and Route 2. Its speed limit is 80 km/h (50 mph) except within several villages along the route.

Queens County, Prince Edward Island
Queens County is a county in the province of Prince Edward Island, Canada. It is the largest county in the province by population with 89,770 (2021) and land. Charlottetown is the county seat of Queens County, and is the largest city and the capital of Prince Edward Island.
2025 Cincinnati Open – Men's doubles
Nikola Mektić and Rajeev Ram defeated Lorenzo Musetti and Lorenzo Sonego in the final, 4–6, 6–3, [10–5] to win the men's doubles tennis title at the 2025 Cincinnati Open.

Marcelo Arévalo and Mate Pavić were the defending champions, but lost in the quarterfinals to Joe Salisbury and Neal Skupski.

As a result of Arévalo and Pavić's loss in the quarterfinals, Lloyd Glasspool attained the ATP No. 1 doubles ranking at the end of the tournament, becoming the fourth Briton to hold the top spot.

Francisco Cabral (tennis)
Francisco Cabral (Portuguese pronunciation: [fɾɐ̃ˈsiʃku kɐˈβɾal]; born 8 January 1997) is a Portuguese tennis player who specializes in doubles.
He has a career high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 19 achieved on 12 January 2026.

Cabral has won six ATP doubles titles, one partnering with Nuno Borges, one pairing with Tomislav Brkić and four with Lucas Miedler. He has also won nine ATP Challenger doubles titles with Nuno Borges, including a record of six during the 2021 season, as well as one each with Szymon Walków and Nicolás Barrientos.
Bisht (surname)
Bisht (IPA: [bɪʃʈ]) is a surname found in the Indian states of Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh. Bisht was a title given by kings to nobles, derived from the Sanskrit vishisht ("distinguished"). The term "Bisht" originally referred to someone who held a land grant from the government. The Bisht families in Uttarakhand were chiefly Thokdars(Zamindars) of Thuljat origin. In Uttrakhand, Bishts are generally Kshatriya as well as Brahmins in certain parts of East Uttrakhand. In Nepal, Bisht was adopted as a surname by Raute and Raji people. Bishta, as Bista, used as a surname by Khas people, group under the caste Chhetri.

Kshatriya
Kshatriya (Sanskrit: क्षत्रिय, romanized: Kṣatriya) (from Sanskrit kṣatra, "rule, authority"; also called Rajanya) is one of the four varnas (social orders) of Hindu society and is associated with the warrior aristocracy. The Sanskrit term kṣatriyaḥ is used in the context of later Vedic society wherein members were organised into four classes: brahmin, kshatriya, vaishya, and shudra.
Begonia aequilateralis
Begonia aequilateralis Irmsch., 1929 is a species of begonia known only from the Sungai Buloh area of Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia.

"...probably the most endangered begonia in the Peninsula, being known from a single small population in a forest area currently being cleared." - Kiew, p. 261

Sungai Buloh
Sungai Buloh, or Sungei Buloh, is a town, a mukim (commune) and a parliamentary constituency in the northern part of Petaling District, Selangor, Malaysia. The name itself means bamboo river in the Malay language. It is located 16 km NW of downtown Kuala Lumpur and 8 km north of the Subang Airport, along the Kuala Selangor highway.

Bordering Damansara, Kepong, Kuang and Kuala Selangor, Sungai Buloh is notable for its colonial-era leper colony, one of the largest in the country.
Save Yourself (True Blood)
"Save Yourself" is the twelfth and final episode of HBO's fifth season of the Vampire TV series True Blood, while the 60th episode overall. The episode focuses on Eric's last attempt at trying to rid Bill of Lilith's madness as well as planning his escape with Nora; Sookie and the faeries fight against Steve Newlin and Russell Edgington. The season is loosely based on The Sookie Stackhouse Series' fifth book Dead as a Doornail, although much more of the book and its successors are incorporated than in previous seasons. The episode is preceded by Sunset and is followed by the season 61 premiere episode. The episode has mostly had good reviews, surpassing its predecessors in viewers, except for Turn, Turn, Turn! which remains with the highest number of viewers, with 5.20.

Vampire film
Vampire films have been a staple in world cinema since the era of silent films, so much so that the depiction of vampires in popular culture is strongly based upon their depiction in films throughout the years. The most popular cinematic adaptation of vampire fiction has been from Bram Stoker's 1897 novel Dracula, with over 170 versions to date. Running a distant second are adaptations of the 1872 novel Carmilla by Sheridan Le Fanu.

As folklore, vampires are defined by their need to feed on blood and on their manipulative nature; this theme has been held in common throughout the many adaptations. Although vampires are usually associated with the horror (and sometimes the zombie genre), vampire films may also fall into the drama, action, science fiction, romance, comedy or fantasy genres, amongst others.
Ramarama language
Ramarama, also known as Karo, is a Tupian language of Brazil.

Unusually for the indigenous languages of South America in general and Tupian in particular, Ramarama is a fairly analytic language, with limited affixation and a strict SOV word order. However, the language also displays complex processes of morphophonological alternation, segmental allophony, and interaction between segmental and suprasegmental phonology.

Impersonal passive voice
The impersonal passive voice is a verb voice that decreases the valency of an intransitive verb (which has valency one) to zero.: 77

The impersonal passive deletes the subject of an intransitive verb.  In place of the verb's subject, the construction instead may include a syntactic placeholder, also called a dummy.  This placeholder has neither thematic nor referential content.  (A similar example is the word "there" in the English phrase "There are three books.")

In some languages, the deleted argument can be reintroduced as an oblique argument or complement.
Om-Dar-B-Dar
Om Dar-B-Dar (Hindi: ओम-दर-ब-दर) is a 1988 Indian Hindi-language postmodernist film directed by Kamal Swaroop and starring Anita Kanwar, Aditya Lakhia and Gopi Desai. The film, about the adventures of a school boy named Om along with his family, is set in Ajmer and Pushkar in Rajasthan, and employs nonlinear narrative and an absurdist story line to satirise mythology, arts, politics and philosophy. The film won the Filmfare Critics Award for Best Movie in 1989.

It was never commercially released in India, though it achieved success in International Film Festivals, including Berlin where it premiered, and it soon became a cult film. In 2013, National Film Development Corporation of India (NFDC) had planned an official national release of a digitally restored print of the film. The film was finally released in Indian theaters after 26 years, on 17 January 2014.

Nonlinear narrative
Nonlinear narrative, disjointed narrative, or disrupted narrative is a narrative technique where events are portrayed, for example, out of chronological order or in other ways where the narrative does not follow the direct causality pattern of the events featured, such as parallel distinctive plot lines, dream immersions or narrating another story inside the main plot-line. The technique is common in electronic literature, and particularly in hypertext fiction, and is also well-established in print and other sequential media.
Clover Falls
Clover Falls, also known in the past as Upper Hemlock Falls, is a waterfall from the Hemlock Creek, in the heart of the Umpqua National Forest, just north of Hemlock Lake and its campground, in Douglas County, Oregon. Access to Clover Falls is from the Lake in the Woods campground. The waterfall is located in a privileged natural area where the river creates several waterfalls; Hemlock Falls, Yakso Falls, and Tributary Falls are within a mile distance.

Potential natural vegetation
In ecology, potential natural vegetation (PNV), also known as  Kuchler potential vegetation, is the vegetation that would be expected given environmental constraints (climate, geomorphology, geology) without human intervention or a hazard event.

The concept was developed in the mid 1950s by phytosociologist Reinhold Tüxen, partly expanding on the concept of climax vegetation.
Horace Manges
Horace S. Manges (1898 – February 11, 1986) was an American lawyer, specializing in copyright law. He was a founding partner of Weil, Gotshal & Manges in 1931.

A native of New York City, Manges graduated from Columbia College and Columbia Law School. He became an authority on copyright law and served as a counsel to the American Book Publishers Council from 1953 to 1970. He advised publishers like Charles Scribner IV, and also represented many authors, including William Faulkner, John O'Hara, Truman Capote, Whittaker Chambers, and James Jones.

Together with Frank Weil and Sylvan Gotshal he founded Weil, Gotshal & Manges in 1931, which as of 2016 is one of the largest law firms in the world.

Manges was married to former Nathalie Bloch (d. 1983). The couple had two sons, Gerard H. Manges (d. 1983), and James H. Manges.

James Jones (author)
James Ramon Jones (November 6, 1921 – May 9, 1977) was an American novelist renowned for his explorations of World War II and its aftermath. He won the 1952 National Book Award for his debut novel, From Here to Eternity, which was adapted for film a year later (and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Picture) and made into a television series a generation later.
Diasebesten
In pre-modern medicine, diasebesten (from Greek dia "[made] with" + modern Latin sebesten, Arab. sabastān, from Persian sepestān, possibly from Persian sag-pestān سگ‌پستان, literally "dog's teats"),  is a soft, purgative electuary, containing sebesten, the plum-like fruit of the tree Cordia myxa, as one of its ingredients.

The other ingredients are prunes, tamarinds, juices of iris, anguria, and mercurialis, penide, simple diaprunum (made of damask prunes), violet seed, the four cold seeds (melon, gourd, purslane, and quince), and diagrydium. It was said to be good in intermittent and continued fevers, appease thirst, promote sleep, and expel morbid humours through urine.

Laxative
Laxatives, purgatives, or aperients are substances that loosen stools and increase bowel movements. They are used to treat and prevent constipation.

Laxatives vary as to how they work and the side effects they may have. Certain stimulant, lubricant, and saline laxatives are used to evacuate the colon for rectal and bowel examinations, and may be supplemented by enemas under certain circumstances. Sufficiently high doses of laxatives may cause diarrhea. Some laxatives combine more than one active ingredient, and may be administered orally or rectally.
Lloydminster Hospital
Lloydminster Hospital is a community hospital in the border community of Lloydminster, Saskatchewan, Canada. The hospital is operated by the Saskatchewan Health Authority, and also serves the Alberta community under contract to Alberta Health Services.

Saskatchewan Health Authority
The Saskatchewan Health Authority (SHA) is the single health region of the province of Saskatchewan. Established on December 4, 2017, it amalgamated the province's 12 former regional health authorities into one unified organization. The SHA is responsible for delivering a wide range of health services, including primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary care, as well as home and community care, mental health services, population and preventive health, and addiction services.
Zef Deda
Zef Deda (27 July 1950 – 24 November 2023) was an Albanian comedian and stage actor. He was sometimes referred to as the "Charlie Chaplin of Albania" due to his physical comedy and character portrayals.

Physical comedy
Physical comedy is a form of comedy focused on manipulation of the body for a humorous effect. It can include slapstick, clowning, mime, physical stunts, or making funny faces.

Physical comedy originated as part of the Commedia dell'arte. It is now sometimes incorporated into sitcoms; for example, in the sitcom Three's Company, actor John Ritter frequently performed pratfalls. Cartoons, particularly film shorts, also commonly depict an exaggerated form of physical comedy (incorporating cartoon physics), such as in Tom and Jerry and Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner.
Frédéric Brun (cyclist, born 1988)
Frédéric Brun (born 18 August 1988) is a French former professional racing cyclist, who rode professionally between 2014 and 2016 for BigMat–Auber 93 and Fortuneo–Vital Concept. He was named in the start list for the 2015 Tour de France.

St. Michel–Preference Home–Auber93 (men's team)
St. Michel–Preference Home–Auber93 (UCI team code: AUB) is a UCI Continental cycling team based in France. The team is managed by Stephane Javalet with the help of Stéphan Gaudry.

The team was founded in 1994 as Aubervilliers 93–Peugeot, a name they had until 1997 when they turned into BigMat–Auber 93. The team has participated in the Tour de France in 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 and 2001. In 2004 the name changed to Auber 93, reverting to the current name in 2010. In 2015, BigMat once again stopped sponsoring the team.

The team is sponsored by French biscuit maker Saint-Michel and property developer Preference Home. Auber93 references the founding of the team in Aubervilliers, Île-de-France in 1993.
Somanouchi Kofun cluster
Somanouchi Kofun cluster (杣之内古墳群)  is a cluster of Kofun period burial mounds, located in the Somanouchi-cho, Magata-cho, and Otogi-cho neighborhoods of the city of Tenri, Nara in the Kansai region of Japan. The Nishiyama Kofun was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1927, and the Nishinokura Kofun was added to the designation in 2018, with the name of the National Historic Site changing from the "Nishiyama Kofun" to the "Somanouchi Kofun cluster".

Kofun
Kofun (古墳; from Sino-Japanese "ancient burial mound") are megalithic tombs or tumuli in Northeast Asia. Kofun were mainly constructed in the Japanese archipelago between the middle of the 3rd century to the early 7th century AD.

The term is the origin of the name of the Kofun period, which indicates the middle 3rd century to early–middle 6th century. Many kofun have distinctive keyhole-shaped mounds (zempō-kōen fun (前方後円墳)). The Mozu-Furuichi kofungun or tumulus clusters were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2019, while Ishibutai Kofun is one of a number in Asuka-Fujiwara residing on the Tentative List.
2010 American Express – TED Open – Doubles
Frederico Gil and Filip Prpic were the defending champions. They chose not to compete this year.
Leoš Friedl and Dušan Vemić won the title, defeating Brian Battistone and Andreas Siljeström 7–6(6), 7–6(3) in the finals.

Leoš Friedl
Leoš Friedl (born 1 January 1977) is a retired Czech tennis player.

Friedl's career-high ATP doubles ranking was No. 14, achieved on 8 August 2005. He often partnered in doubles with František Čermák. His career-high ATP singles ranking was No. 353, achieved on 13 November 2000.

In his career, he won 16 ATP Tour doubles titles and the 2001 Wimbledon mixed-doubles title with Daniela Hantuchová, where they beat Mike Bryan and Liezel Huber, 4–6, 6–3, 6–2.

Friedl coached Karolína Plíšková from July to December 2022.