hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gavin James Bower
Gavin James Bower (born 28 October 1982, in Lancashire) is a British writer, lecturer and editor. His first novel, Dazed & Aroused, was published by Naim Attallah's Quartet Books in July 2009.

Graduating from the University of Sheffield with a BA in History in 2004, he then interned at Dazed & Confused magazine in London and subsequently joined modelling agencies in London, Paris and Milan, taking part in Paris Fashion Week shows for John Galliano and Hermes.

He has contributed to the Guardian, 3:AM Magazine and the Sunday Telegraph.

His second novel, Made in Britain, was published in September 2011.

In 2014 he joined the writing team for EastEnders, with his first episode being broadcast on 9 September.

The Sunday Telegraph
The Sunday Telegraph is a British broadsheet newspaper, first published on 5 February 1961 and published by the Telegraph Media Group, a division of Press Holdings. It is the sister paper of The Daily Telegraph, also published by the Telegraph Media Group. The Sunday Telegraph was originally a separate operation with a different editorial staff, but since 2013 the Telegraph has been a seven-day operation. However, The Sunday Telegraph still has its own editor, different from that of The Daily Telegraph.

According to the Audit Bureau of Circulations, the Sunday Telegraph had an average circulation of 214,711 copies per week in the first half of 2021.
New Fancy
New Fancy was a colliery on the Forest of Dean Coalfield near Parkend in Gloucestershire, England. After the colliery closed its spoil heap was landscaped. The site has a picnic area, and viewing site from where goshawks can be seen.  It is linked to the Forest of Dean Family Cycle Trail.

Spoil tip
A spoil tip (also called a boney pile, culm bank, gob pile, waste tip or bing) is a pile built of accumulated spoil – waste material removed during mining.  Spoil tips are not formed of slag, but in some areas, such as England and Wales, they are referred to as slag heaps and sometimes as pit heaps.  In Scotland the word bing is used. In North American English the term is mine dump or mine waste dump.

The term "spoil" is also used to refer to material removed when digging a foundation, tunnel, or other large excavation. Such material may be ordinary soil and rocks (after separation of coal from waste), or may be heavily contaminated with chemical waste, determining how it may be disposed of. Clean spoil may be used for land reclamation.

Spoil is distinct from tailings, which is the processed material that remains after the valuable components have been extracted from ore.
Carrozza
Carrozza (foaled 1954) is a British Thoroughbred racehorse. In a racing career lasting from May 1956 until July 1957, the filly ran seven times and won three races for her owner Queen Elizabeth II. As a three-year-old she finished fourth in the 1000 Guineas at Newmarket before winning Oaks at Epsom. She was retired to stud after one further race and had some success as a broodmare.

Epsom Downs Racecourse
Epsom Downs is a Grade 1 racecourse in a hilly area near Epsom in Surrey, England which is used for thoroughbred horse racing. The "Downs" referred to in the name are part of the North Downs.

The course has a crowd capacity of 130,000 including people watching from the Epsom Downs, an area freely open to the public. The course is best known for hosting the Derby Stakes, which has come to be widely referred to as The Derby or as the Cazoo Derby for sponsorship reasons, the United Kingdom's premier thoroughbred horse race for three-year-old colts and fillies, over a mile and a half (2400 m). It also hosts the Oaks Stakes (also widely referred to as The Oaks) for three-year-old fillies, and the Coronation Cup for horses aged four years and upwards. All three races are Group 1 races and run over the same course and distance.

The Chairman of the course since 2022 is Brian Finch.  The course is operated by the Jockey Club.  Queen Elizabeth II attended the Derby in most years of her reign.
Unilever House
Unilever House is a Grade II listed office building in the Neoclassical Art Deco style, located on New Bridge Street, Victoria Embankment in Blackfriars, London. The building has a tall, curving frontage which overlooks Blackfriars Bridge on the north bank of the River Thames.

The site of Unilever House was previously occupied by Bridewell Palace, a residence of Henry VIII, which later became a poorhouse and prison. These buildings were destroyed in 1864, making way for De Keyser's Royal Hotel. In 1920, Lord Leverhulme leased the site to build the London headquarters of his soap manufacturing company Lever Brothers, which became Unilever in 1930. Construction did not commence until 1929.

Lever Brothers
Lever Brothers Limited was a British manufacturing company founded in 1885 by two brothers: William Hesketh Lever, 1st Viscount Leverhulme (1851–1925), and James Darcy Lever (1854–1916). They invested in and successfully promoted a new soap-making process invented by chemist William Hough Watson. Lever Brothers entered the United States market in 1895 and acquired Mac Fisheries, owner of T. Wall & Sons, in 1925. Its brands included Lifebuoy, Lux and Vim. Lever Brothers merged with Margarine Unie to form Unilever in 1929.
Parrikal
Parrikal is a small village about 28 kilometers from Villupuram, Tamil Nadu. Parrikal is famous for its ancient temple which houses Shri Lakshmi Narasimha (the fourth Avatar of Vishnu). Many Madhva Brahmin families of the Shri Vyasaraja Mutt (Sosale) order owe allegiance to Parrikal Lakshmi Narasimha as their Kula Devata (God being worshiped ancestrally). Lore has it that the idols here are very ancient prathisthapane (installation) dating to 1500 BC.

Shri
Shri (/ʃriː/; Sanskrit: श्री, romanized: Śrī, pronounced [ɕriː]) is a Sanskrit term denoting resplendence, wealth and prosperity, primarily used as an honorific.

The word is widely used in South and Southeast Asian languages such as Hindi, and also among Philippine languages. It is usually transliterated as Sri, Sree, Shri, Shiri, Shree, Si, or Seri based on the local convention for transliteration. In Tamil it evolved to Tiru.

The term is used in Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia as a polite form of address equivalent to the English "Mr." in written and spoken language.

"Shri" is also used as a title of veneration for deities or as honorific title for individuals.

"Shri" is also an epithet for Hindu goddess Lakshmi, while a yantra or a mystical diagram popularly used to worship her is called Shri Yantra.
Flexbox
CSS Flexible Box Layout, commonly known as Flexbox, is a CSS web layout model. It is in the W3C's candidate recommendation (CR) stage. The flex layout allows responsive elements within a container to be automatically arranged  depending on viewport (device screen) size.

World Wide Web Consortium
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is the main international standards organization for the World Wide Web. Founded in 1994 by Tim Berners-Lee, the consortium is made up of member organizations that maintain full-time staff working together in the development of technical standards for the World Wide Web. As of May 2025, W3C has 350 members. The organization has been led by CEO Seth Dobbs since October 2023. W3C also engages in education and outreach, develops software and serves as an open forum for discussion about the Web.
The Monitors
The Monitors can refer to:

The Monitors (film), a 1969 satirical science fiction film

The Monitors (comics), fictional characters created by DC Comics

The Monitors (American band), a Motown act from the 1960s

The Monitors (Australian band), an Australian band from the early 1980s

The Monitors (film)
The Monitors is a 1969 U.S. satirical science fiction film. Shot in Chicago, it was the first film production of the city's Second City comedy troupe and was coproduced and financed by the Bell and Howell film-equipment manufacturing company (then based in nearby Skokie) in an effort to establish Chicago as a film production center. It is based on the 1966 novel of the same name by Keith Laumer.
Charles A. Cooke
Charles Alston Cooke, or Cook (c. 1848–1917) was an American politician and jurist in North Carolina and later in Oklahoma.

Cooke served as a member of the North Carolina House of Representatives and the North Carolina Senate, representing Warren County, as U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of North Carolina (1889–1893) and later as an associate justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court (1901–1903).

Cooke moved to Muskogee, Oklahoma in 1903 and became a prominent lawyer and politician there as well. A Republican, he was elected to the Oklahoma House of Representatives in 1908 and was his party's unsuccessful nominee for the Oklahoma Supreme Court in 1912 and for Congress in 1914.

Oklahoma Supreme Court
The Supreme Court of Oklahoma is a court of appeal for non-criminal cases, one of the two highest judicial bodies in the U.S. state of Oklahoma, and leads the judiciary of Oklahoma, the judicial branch of the government of Oklahoma.

The Oklahoma Supreme Court meets in the Oklahoma Judicial Center, having previously met in the Oklahoma State Capitol until 2011. The court consists of nine justices nominated by a state commission and appointed by the governor.

Members of the court are required to be nonpartisan and are prohibited from a number of political activities including making or soliciting campaign contributions.
2016 Johan Cruyff Shield
The 2016 Johan Cruyff Shield was the 21st edition of the Johan Cruyff Shield (Dutch: Johan Cruijff Schaal), an annual Dutch football match played between the winners of the previous season's Eredivisie and KNVB Cup. The match was contested by Feyenoord, the 2015–16 KNVB Cup winners, and PSV Eindhoven, champions of the 2015–16 Eredivisie. It was held at the Amsterdam Arena on 31 July 2016. Watched by a crowd of 30,000 and a television audience of 1.7 million, PSV won the match 1–0.

This was the first Johan Cruyff Shield to be played after the death of its eponym Johan Cruyff. The trophy was awarded by Susila Cruyff, his daughter.

KNVB Cup
The KNVB Beker (pronounced [ˌkaːʔɛɱveːˈbeː ˈbeːkər]; English: KNVB Cup), branded as the Eurojackpot KNVB Beker for sponsorship reasons, is a competition in the Netherlands organised by the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB) since 1898. It was based on the format of the English FA Cup. Outside the Netherlands, it is often referred to as the Dutch Cup. The tournament consists of all teams from the top four tiers of Dutch league football (Eredivisie, Eerste Divisie, Tweede Divisie and Derde Divisie), as well as the 24 semi-finalists (or replacements) of the six KNVB District Cups. The finals of the tournament traditionally takes place in De Kuip, and has been held there every season since the 1989 final. The winners of the cup compete against the winners of the Eredivisie for the Johan Cruyff Shield, (equivalent to a super cup) which acts as the curtain raiser for the following season.
Wurzen Pass
The Wurzen Pass (German: Wurzenpass, Slovene: Korensko sedlo) is a mountain pass in a col of the Karawanks mountain range in the Southern Limestone Alps, on the border between Radendorf in the Austrian state of Carinthia and Kranjska Gora in Slovenia. It is named after the nearby village of Podkoren (Wurzen).

The pass connects the Austrian B109 Wurzenpass Straße from Villach with the Slovenian highway No. 201 to the A2 motorway and Ljubljana. Though its elevation of 1,073 m (3,520 ft) is relatively moderate, the road contains numerous curves and includes several steep ascents with a maximum grade of 18 percent.

Carinthia
Carinthia (German: Kärnten [ˈkɛʁntn̩] ⓘ; Slovene: Koroška [kɔˈɾóːʃka] ⓘ or avstrijska Koroška; Italian: Carinzia [kaˈrintsja]) is the southernmost and least densely populated Austrian state, in the Eastern Alps, and is noted for its mountains and lakes. The Lake Wolayer is a mountain lake on the Carinthian side of the Carnic Main Ridge, near the Plöcken Pass. The main language is Austrian German, with its non-standard dialects belonging to the Southern Bavarian group; Carinthian Slovene dialects, forms of a South Slavic language that predominated in the southeastern part of the region up to the first half of the 20th century, are now spoken by a small minority in the area.

Carinthia's main industries are tourism, electronics, engineering, forestry, and agriculture.
Malekshan-e Sofla
Malekshan-e Sofla (Persian: ملكشان سفلي, also Romanized as Malekshān-e Soflá and Malakshān-e Soflá; also known as Malakshān and Malekshān-e Pā’īn) is a village in Abidar Rural District, in the Central District of Sanandaj County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 67, in 17 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Abidar Rural District
Abidar Rural District (Persian: دهستان آبیدر) is in the Central District of Sanandaj County, Kurdistan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Kilaneh. The previous capital of the rural district was village of Hasanabad.
Matt Stokoe
Matthew Joseph Stokoe (born 13 January 1989) is a British actor. He is best known for his roles as Alex in the Channel 4 series Misfits, crime boss Luke Aikens in the thriller Bodyguard, teacher Gerard Eyre in The Village, Captain Marcheaux in series 3 of The Musketeers for the BBC, and as James Read in the Sky 1 series Jamestown. In 2020, he played Gawain in the Netflix original series Cursed.

The Village (2013 TV series)
The Village  is a BBC television series written by Peter Moffat. The drama is set in a Derbyshire village in the early 20th century, covering events from the summer of 1914 until 1924. The first series of what Moffat hoped would become a 42-hour televised drama following an extended family through the 20th century, was broadcast in spring 2013 and covered the years 1914 to 1920. A second series was broadcast in autumn 2014, and continued the story into the 1920s. The programme did not return after the second series.
Gita Persada Butterfly Park
Gita Persada Butterfly Park (Indonesian: Taman Kupu-Kupu Gita Persada) is a butterfly house in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. It was founded in 1997 by Anshori Djausal and Herawati Soekardi in an effort to preserve and protect Sumatran butterfly species from extinction. Increasing environmental issues such as Deforestation in Indonesia prompted the founders to establish this park with the hope that it would serve as a model for butterfly conservation. The park is located at the southern tip of Sumatra at the foot of Mount Betung, at the elevation of 460 m (1,510 ft) about fifteen minutes from Bandar Lampung. The park, located in Wan Abdul Rachman Great Forest Park, has an area of 4.8 hectares (12 acres). As of 2011, the park houses about 160 species of Sumatran butterflies. Some rare species protected by the Indonesian government that can be found in this park are Graphium agamemnon and Troides helena.

Troides helena
Troides helena, the common birdwing, is a butterfly belonging to the family Papilionidae. It is often found in the wildlife trade due to its popularity with butterfly collectors. The butterfly has seventeen subspecies.
Johnathan Farquharson
Jonathan Farquharson (born February 3, 1993) is a Bahamian sprinter from Grand Bahama who mainly competes in the 100m. He attended Bishop Michael Eldon School and Orlando Christian Prep before competing for the Abilene Christian Wildcats.

He won double silver in the under 17 100m and the 4 × 100 m relay at the 2009 Carifta Games in Saint Lucia. He also won gold in the 4 × 100 m relay at the 2008 Carifta Games in the Saint Kitts & Nevis. He competed at the IAAF World U18 Championships without making the final in the 100m respectively. He ran the 4 × 100 m relay at the 2015 Pan American Games in Toronto, Canada.

IAAF World Youth Championships in Athletics
The IAAF U18 Championships in Athletics (until 2015 known as IAAF World Youth Championships in Athletics) was a global athletics event comprising track and field events for competitors who were 17 or younger (youth = Under-18). The event was organized by International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). It was held biennially from 1999 to 2017.
World Intellectual Property Review
The World Intellectual Property Review (WIPR) is a bimonthly magazine providing news and analysis on issues in intellectual property. Between July 2011 and June 2012, the average number of copies per issue was about 5,200. All copies were distributed for free. The magazine is published since 2006 by Newton Media Ltd, which also publishes the World Intellectual Property Review Annual, a guide to "intellectual property developments in the past year." WIPR is not indexed in any major legal periodicals database, such as Web of Science, Scopus, Dimensions, lens.org, World Wide Science, Open Alex, etc.

Web of Science
The Web of Science (WoS; previously known as Web of Knowledge) is a paid-access platform that provides (typically via the internet) access to multiple databases that provide reference and citation data from academic journals, conference proceedings, and other documents in various academic disciplines.

Until 1997, it was originally produced by the Institute for Scientific Information. It is currently owned by Clarivate.

Web of Science currently contains 79 million records in the core collection and 171 million records on the platform.
Reed Zuehlke
Reed Zuehlke, born Reed Johann Zuehlke on October 26, 1960 in Eau Claire, Wisconsin., was an athlete from the United States in the ski jumping competition at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid and the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo.

Lake Placid, New York
Lake Placid is a village in Essex County, New York, United States, within the Adirondack Mountains. Its population was 2,205 at the 2020 census. Lake Placid became known internationally for hosting the 1932 and the 1980 Winter Olympics. Lake Placid has also hosted the 1972 and 2023 Winter World University Games, as well as the 2000 Goodwill Winter Games. The village is near the center of the town of North Elba, 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Plattsburgh.
Barbara Lynch (restaurateur)
Barbara Lynch is an American restaurateur. In 2017,  she was included in Time magazine's "Top 100 Most Influential People of the Year" for her contributions in the culinary world and her focus on local wealth creation through agronomy.

In 2014, she was the second woman to be awarded the James Beard Foundation Award for Outstanding Restaurateur, which honors "a working restaurateur who sets high national standards in restaurant operations and ownership."

Restaurateur
A restaurateur is a person who opens and runs restaurants professionally. Although over time the term has come to describe any person who owns a restaurant, it traditionally refers to a highly skilled professional who is proficient in all aspects of the restaurant business.
Bringin' On the Heartbreak
"Bringin' On the Heartbreak" is a song by English rock band Def Leppard. A power ballad, it was the second single from their 1981 album High 'n' Dry. The song was written by three of the band's members, Steve Clark, Pete Willis and Joe Elliott.

Phil Collen
Philip Kenneth Collen (born 8 December 1957) is an English musician who is best known as the co-lead guitarist for the rock band Def Leppard. Collen joined the band in 1982 during the recording of the Pyromania album. Before joining Def Leppard, Collen had performed with a number of bands in the burgeoning British glam metal scene.  Outside of Def Leppard, he has been involved in a number of side projects; those projects include the trio Man Raze, with which he is the lead singer and sole guitarist.

Collen has been noted for his shred guitar playing style.
Arroyo toad
The arroyo toad (Anaxyrus californicus) is a species of true toads in the family Bufonidae, endemic to California, U.S. and Baja California state, Mexico. It is currently classified as an Endangered species on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species because of habitat destruction. The arroyo toad is at the intersection of ecological significance and conservation concern.

Arroyo (watercourse)
An arroyo (/ə.ˈrɔɪ.oʊ/, from the Spanish arroyo (Spanish: [aˈroʝo], "brook") or wash is a dry watercourse that temporarily or seasonally fills and flows after sufficient rain. Flash floods are common in arroyos following thunderstorms. It is akin to the Catalan rambla, which stems from the Arabic rámla, "dry river".

Similar landforms are referred to as wadi (in North Africa and Western Asia), chapp in the Gobi, laagate in the Kalahari, donga in South Africa, nullah in India, fiumare in Italy, and dry valley in England.

The desert dry wash biome is restricted to the arroyos of the southwestern United States. Arroyos provide a water source to desert animals.
Mandala
A mandala (Sanskrit: मण्डल, romanized: maṇḍala, lit. 'circle', [ˈmɐɳɖɐlɐ]) is a geometric configuration of symbols. In various spiritual traditions, mandalas may be employed for focusing attention of practitioners and adepts, as a spiritual guidance tool, for establishing a sacred space and as an aid to meditation and trance induction. In the Eastern religions of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Shinto it is used as a map representing deities, or especially in the case of Shinto, paradises, kami or actual shrines.

Devanagari transliteration
Devanagari transliteration is the process of representing text written in Devanagari script—an Indic script used for Classical Sanskrit and many other Indic languages—in the Latin script, preserving pronunciation and spelling conventions. There are several methods of transliteration from Devanagari to the Latin script (i.e., romanisation), including the IAST notation. Romanised Devanagari is also called Romanagari.
Turtle Head Island
Turtle Head Island is an island of the Torres Strait Islands archipelago, located in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, east of Cape York Peninsula, in Queensland, Australia.

The island is located in Newcastle Bay at the mouth of Escape River and Middle River, not far from Jackey Jackey Creek and adjacent to the Apudthama National Park. The island lies approximately 30 km (19 mi) southeast of Bamaga.

Cape York Peninsula
The Cape York Peninsula is located in Far North Queensland, Australia. It is the largest wilderness in northern Australia. The land is mostly flat and about half of the area is used for grazing cattle. The relatively undisturbed eucalyptus-wooded savannahs, tropical rainforests and other types of habitat are now recognised and preserved for their global environmental significance. Although much of the peninsula remains pristine, with a diverse repertoire of endemic flora and fauna, some of its wildlife may be threatened by industry and overgrazing as well as introduced species and weeds.

The northernmost point of the peninsula is Cape York.
The land has been occupied by a number of Aboriginal Australian peoples for tens of thousands of years. In 1606, Dutch sailor Willem Janszoon on board the Duyfken was the first European to land in Australia, reaching the Cape York Peninsula.
Brenner railway station
Brenner railway station (German: Bahnhof Brenner; Italian: Stazione di Brennero) is the border station of Italy and Austria. It serves the town and comune of Brenner in the autonomous province of South Tyrol, northeastern Italy.

The station, situated at 1,371 m above sea, was opened in 1867 by the Austrian Empire's Südbahn as a mountain pass stop along the Brenner Railway. In 1919, Brenner station came 300 m (980 ft) south of the border due to the annexation of County of Tyrol's territory by Italy from Treaty of Saint Germain-en-Laye (1919).

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI). Italian train services to and from this station are operated by Trenitalia. Austrian train services are operated by ÖBB.

Austrian Southern Railway
The Austrian Southern Railway (German: Österreichische Südbahn) is a 577.2-kilometre (358.7 mi) long double track railway, which linked the capital Vienna with Trieste, the former main seaport of Austria-Hungary, by railway for the first time. It now forms the Southern Railway in Austria and the Spielfeld-Straß–Trieste railway in Slovenia and Italy.