hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1995 Kansas City Royals season
39°3′6.1″N 94°28′49.1″W﻿ / ﻿39.051694°N 94.480306°W﻿ / 39.051694; -94.480306

The 1995 Kansas City Royals season was the 27th season for the franchise, and their 23rd at Kauffman Stadium. During this season, the Royals finished second in the American League Central, with a record of 70 wins and 74 losses. This was the first of 17 losing seasons the Royals would suffer through 2012.

Although the 1995 Royals had a losing record and finished 30 games behind the Cleveland Indians, the second-place division finish in 1995 was the highest finish for the franchise in the American League Central from 1994, when the Royals joined that division, until the 2014 team also finished second and the 2015 team won the franchise's first Central Division championship.

2012 Kansas City Royals season
The Kansas City Royals' season of 2012 was the 44th for the Royals franchise. The Royals hosted the 83rd MLB All-Star Game on July 10 at Kauffman Stadium, where the team played its 40th season of home games. The Royals finished 72–90, third place in the American League Central. The Royals also hosted the All-Star Game on July 10.

Prior to the 2013 Kansas City Royals season (during the offseason), the Royals donated over $4 million in funds raised during the 2012 All-Star game for various projects in the Kansas City area communities, including building two baseball facilities for disabled children.

Alex Gordon signed a $37.5 million four-year deal with the Royals.

Jeremy Guthrie signed a $25 million three-year deal in November 2012 to stay with the Royals.
Rhuddlan Teifi
Rhuddlan, also known as Rhuddlan Teifi, is a small village in the  community of Llanwenog, Ceredigion, Wales. Rhuddlan is represented in the Senedd by Elin Jones (Plaid Cymru) and is part of the Ceredigion Preseli constituency in the House of Commons.

Elin Jones
Elin Jones (born 1 September 1966), PC  MS is a Welsh politician who has served as the Llywydd of the Senedd since 2016. A member of Plaid Cymru, Jones has been the Member of the Senedd (MS) for Ceredigion since 1999.
Possum pie
Possum pie is an iconic American pie that is rarely seen outside Arkansas. The pie is made with several layers, with the most common being layers of vanilla pudding, cream cheese, chocolate custard and/or sour cream. There are many different combinations making use of alternating layers of cream cheese and puddings topped with whipped cream. The pecan shortbread crust is different from other icebox pies.

Possum pie earned its name because the pie "plays possum" by hiding all the layers of its ingredients under a thick whipped cream topping. The dessert does not actually contain possum meat.

Sour cream
Sour cream (sometimes known as soured cream in British English) is a dairy product obtained by fermenting regular cream with certain kinds of lactic acid bacteria. The bacterial culture, which is introduced either deliberately or naturally, sours and thickens the cream. Its name comes from the production of lactic acid by bacterial fermentation, which is called souring. Crème fraîche is one type of sour cream with a high fat content and less sour taste.
Shohada-ye Nowshahr Stadium
The Shohada-ye Nowshahr Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Nowshahr, Iran.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Shemushack Noshahr F.C. in the Azadegan League.  The stadium holds 6,000 people. 
There was an incident in this stadium in the match against Persepolis in the Hazfi Cup in 2003 in which some of the seats fell down. Two people died, and Persepolis withdrew from the competition.

Nowshahr
Nowshahr (Persian: نوشهر) is a city in the Central District of Nowshahr County, Mazandaran province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. It is a port city on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea.
German submarine U-38 (1938)
German submarine U-38 was a Type IXA U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine that operated during World War II.

Her keel was laid down on 15 April 1937, by DeSchiMAG AG Weser of Bremen as yard number 943. She was launched on 9 August 1938 and commissioned on 24 October with Kapitänleutnant Heinrich Liebe in command.

U-38 conducted eleven patrols, as part of several flotillas. During her career, she sank more than 30 enemy vessels and damaged a further one. U-38 ranks as one of the most successful U-boats in World War II. She was scuttled west of Wesermünde (Modern Bremerhaven) on 5 May 1945. Throughout the war, the U-Boat suffered no losses among her crew.

Kapitänleutnant
Kapitänleutnant, short: KptLt/in lists: KL, (English: captain lieutenant or lieutenant captain) is an officer grade of the captains' military hierarchy group (German: Hauptleute) of the modern German Bundeswehr. The rank is rated OF-2 in NATO, and equivalent to Hauptmann in the Heer and Luftwaffe. It is grade A11 or A12 in the pay rules of the Federal Ministry of Defence.

The rank first appeared in the German Empire and continued in use through the Weimar Republic and into the Third Reich.
The Glorious Dead
The Glorious Dead can refer to:

"The Glorious Dead", the wording of two inscriptions on the Cenotaph on Whitehall in London, England, UK

"The Glorious Dead", a 1974 episode of the UK period drama Upstairs, Downstairs

The Glorious Dead, a 2012 album by English rock band The Heavy

"The Glorious Dead", a song on the 1992 album False by Dutch metal band Gorefest

Upstairs, Downstairs (1971 TV series)
Upstairs, Downstairs is a British drama television series produced by London Weekend Television (LWT) for ITV. It ran for 68 episodes divided into five series on ITV from 1971 to 1975.

Set in a large townhouse at 165 Eaton Place in Belgravia in central London, the series depicts the servants—"downstairs"—and their masters, the family—"upstairs"—between 1903 and 1930, and shows the slow decline of the British aristocracy. Great events feature prominently in each episode but minor or gradual changes are also noted. The show may be regarded as a fictional view of the social and technological changes that occurred during those 27 years, including the Edwardian period, women's suffrage, the First World War, the Roaring Twenties, and the Wall Street crash. It was a ratings success for ITV and received outstanding acclaim worldwide, winning multiple awards.

The BBC Wales and Masterpiece-produced continuation Upstairs Downstairs was broadcast by BBC One in 2010.
Turin International Book Fair
The Turin International Book Fair (Italian: Salone Internazionale del Libro di Torino) is Italy's largest trade fair for books, held annually in mid-May in Turin, Italy.

Founded in 1988 as Book Showroom (Italian: Salone del Libro), it is one of the largest book fairs in Europe, involving more than 1,400 exhibitors and 341,000 visitors in 2015.

Strega Prize
The Strega Prize (Italian: Premio Strega [ˈprɛːmjo ˈstreːɡa]) is the most important Italian literary award. It has been awarded annually since 1947 for the best work of prose fiction written in the Italian language by an author of any nationality and first published between 1 March of the previous year and 28/29 February.
Donna MacFarlane
Donna Tyberek-MacFarlane (born 18 June 1977 in Melbourne, Victoria) is an Australian middle distance and steeplechase runner. She set both an Australian record and her personal best time of 9:18.35, by finishing third in the women's 3000 metres steeplechase at the 2008 IAAF Golden League Meeting in Oslo, Norway.

Max Cherry
Maxwell George Cherry OAM (1927 – 28 April 2008) was an Australian athletics and fitness coach based in Hobart, Tasmania. Although he coached many athletes during a coaching career of more than 50 years, he is best known for guiding Donna MacFarlane to a bronze medal in the 3000 metre steeplechase at the 2006 Commonwealth Games. MacFarlane continues to use earlier notes from Cherry for inspiration.

Aside from athletics, Cherry was also heavily involved in basketball (as the Tassie Devils' fitness coach for seven years), hockey, judo, orienteering (he trained Johanna Allston as 2006 Junior World Champion), and umpiring.

Cherry died at Lindisfarne, Tasmania on 28 April 2008 of a heart attack. He was 81.
Lux-Development
Lux-Development S.A., better known as LuxDev, is the Luxembourg Development Cooperation Agency.

It was created in 1978 as an agency to support small and medium enterprises in Luxembourg and only became an agency for development cooperation in 1992. Now, LuxDev is a société anonyme (S.A.) whereby their stockholders are the state of Luxembourg (98%) and the state-owned bank Société Nationale de Crédit et d'Investissement (2%).

LuxDev is headquartered next to the Place des Martyrs in Luxembourg City, but it has country and regional offices in Pristina (Kosovo), Dakar (Senegal), Praia (Cape Verde), Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso), Bamako (Mali), Kigali (Rwanda), Cotonou (Benin), Vientiane (Laos), and San Jose (Costa Rica).

Société Nationale de Crédit et d'Investissement
Société Nationale de Crédit et d'Investissement (SNCI) is a public-law banking institution in Luxembourg City. According to its website, it is designed to encourage business investments, start-ups, and research initiatives. Founded in 1977, it is wholly owned by the State of Luxembourg.
Deaths in February 2024
The following is a list of notable deaths in February 2024.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

National Assembly (Tanzania)
The National Assembly of Tanzania (Swahili: Bunge la Tanzania) and the President of the United Republic of Tanzania make up the Parliament of Tanzania. The current Speaker of the National Assembly is Mussa Zungu, who presides over a unicameral assembly of 403 members.
Carl Jahnzon
Carl Jahnzon (Carl Johan Jahnzon; 29 April 1881 – 25 June 1955) was a Swedish track and field athlete who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. In 1912 he finished eighth in the hammer throw competition.

Jahnzon represented Djurgårdens IF. Jahnzon also played football and played the 1904 Svenska Mästerskapet Final with Djurgårdens IF Fotboll, which his team lost to Örgryte IS.

Djurgårdens IF
Djurgårdens Idrottsförening, commonly known simply as Djurgårdens IF, Djurgården (IPA: [ˈjʉ̂ːrˌɡoːɖɛn]), and (especially locally) Djurgår'n (IPA: [ˈjʉ̌ː(r)ɡɔɳ]), Dif or DIF – is a Swedish sports association with several sections, located in Stockholm. Djurgårdens IF is an alliance club since 1991 and, as of 2025, it consists of 22 individual sports clubs.
Elections in Eswatini
The Parliament of Eswatini (or Libandla) is bicameral, consisting of a lower chamber (the House of Assembly) and an upper one (the Senate). Some of the members of both chambers are elected, while the rest are appointed by the King of Eswatini. Election is by secret ballot in a first-past-the-post system of voting. Members of both chambers serve for five-year terms. All candidates run on a non-partisan basis, as political parties are banned.

Upper house
An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house. The house formally designated as the upper house is usually smaller and often has more restricted power than the lower house. A legislature composed of only one house (and which therefore has neither an upper house nor a lower house) is described as unicameral.
Geoff Drakeford
Geoff Drakeford (born 21 December 1991) is an Australian professional golfer from Yarram, Australia.

Drakeford turned professional in 2014 and has mostly played on the PGA Tour of Australasia. He had some success in 2015, finishing runner-up in the New Zealand PGA Championship, the Challenge de España and the New South Wales PGA Championship during the year.

Yarram
Yarram (formerly Yarram Yarram) is a town in the Shire of Wellington, Victoria, Australia, located in the southeast of Gippsland. At the 2016 census, the population of the town was 2,135. Nearby towns include Welshpool, Alberton and Foster.
Sofmap
Sofmap Co., Ltd. (株式会社ソフマップ, Kabushiki gaisha Sofumappu) is one of the largest personal computer and consumer electronics retailers in Japan. In 2000, it was the second largest e-commerce company in the country. Bic Camera acquired a majority stake in Sofmap in 2006, and turned it into a wholly owned subsidiary in January 2010. Formerly listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange under the code 2690, Sofmap was delisted on 26 January 2010 after the transaction was completed.

As of 2018, Sofmap has 29 stores in 21 districts, mainly in Tokyo and Akihabara.

Shinjuku
Shinjuku (Japanese: 新宿区, Hepburn: Shinjuku-ku; IPA: [ɕiɲdʑɯkɯ] ⓘ), officially called Shinjuku City, is one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo.

Since the end of World War II, Shinjuku has become a major secondary center of Tokyo (fukutoshin), rivaling the original city center in Marunouchi. Today, it is a major commercial and administrative center, housing the busiest railway station in the world (Shinjuku Station) as well as the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building, the administrative center of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government.

As of 2025, the ward has an estimated population of 355,981, living in a total area of 18.23 km2.
Anderberg
Anderberg is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Axel Anderberg (1860–1937), Swedish architect

Bengt Anderberg (1920–2008), Swedish writer

Bertil Anderberg (1913–1991), Swedish film actor

Erik Anderberg (1892–1990), Swedish Navy vice admiral

Gylfe Anderberg (1878–1946), Swedish diplomat

Olle Anderberg (1919–2003), Swedish sport wrestler

Gylfe Anderberg
Karl Gotthard Gylfe Anderberg (5 May 1878 – 9 February 1946) was a Swedish diplomat. Anderberg began his diplomatic career as an assistant clerk in the Swedish Customs Service before being appointed attaché in 1906. He served in various consular roles across Europe and North America, including as vice-consul in New York City, consul in Montreal, and consul in Chicago. He was appointed acting consul general in Mexico in 1917, a role he held until 1921, and later served as acting envoy to Mexico and Havana. From 1939 until his death in 1946, he was the acting honorary consul general in Tangier.
Harlingen railway station
Harlingen is a railway station located in Harlingen, Netherlands. The station was opened on 27 October 1863 and is located on the Harlingen–Nieuweschans railway. Train services are operated by Arriva. 600m west of this station is Harlingen Haven, the terminus of the line. From 1904 to 1935, Harlingen was the terminus of the Stiens-Harlingen railway line. From Harlingen Haven there are ferry connections to Terschelling and Vlieland.

Vlieland
Vlieland (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈvlilɑnt] ⓘ; West Frisian: Flylân [ˈflilɔ̃ːn]) is a municipality and island in the northern Netherlands. The municipality of Vlieland is the second most sparsely populated municipality in the Netherlands, after Schiermonnikoog.

Vlieland is one of the West Frisian Islands, lying in the Wadden Sea. It is the second island from the west in the chain, lying between Texel and Terschelling. The island was permanently separated from the mainland in St. Lucia's flood in 1287. Vlieland was named after the Vlie, the seaway between it and Terschelling that was the estuary of the river IJssel in medieval times. Richel is a permanently dry sandbank, located about 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) east of the northernmost point of Vlieland and is administered by the municipality of Vlieland.
Franz Graßl
Franz Graßl (born 7 March 1965) is a German ski mountaineer.

Graßl was born in Berchtesgaden. He is member of the Berchtesgaden branch of the German Alpine Club (DAV) and the Bergwacht. He was member of the German ski-mountaineering team until the end of 2006. He is married to the ski mountaineer Judith Graßl with two children. They live in Ramsau bei Berchtesgaden.

German Alpine Club
The German Alpine Club (German: Deutscher Alpenverein, DAV for short) is the world's largest climbing association and the eighth-largest sporting association in Germany. It is a member of the German Olympic Sports Confederation and the competent body for sport and competition climbing, hiking, mountaineering, hill walking, ice climbing, mountain expeditions, as well as ski mountaineering. It is an association made up of local branches known as 'sections'.
Torquay Front Beach
Torquay Front Beach is a popular patrolled beach located in Torquay, Victoria, Australia. The beach faces due east and stretches for 1 kilometre from Yellow Bluff at its northern end to Point Danger to its south. The beach is popular with families, as the surf is comparably calmer than its counterpart, the adjacent surf beach, with an even calmer section of the beach protected by Point Danger known as Cosy Corner.

Surf lifesaving
Surf lifesaving is a multifaceted social movement that comprises key aspects of voluntary lifeguard services and competitive surf sport. Originating in early 20th century Australia, the movement has expanded globally to other countries, including New Zealand, Ireland, South Africa, and the United Kingdom. Surf lifesavers in Australia are colloquially known as "Clubbies".
Djebel-Trozza
Djebel-Trozza is a mountain in the Forest of Aala, due east of Al Qayrawan, Tunisia.
Djebel Trozza is located at 35° 33' 51"N and 9° 35' 35" E.

There is an abandoned Lead/Zinc mine on the mountain.

On the mountain, Roman Empire ruins are identified as the remains of Tarasa in Byzacena, which is a Titular see of the Roman Catholic Church. Gregory J. Studerus, auxiliary bishop of Newark, New Jersey, is the current titular bishop.

Kairouan
Kairouan (UK: /ˌkaɪər(ʊ)ˈwɑːn/, US: /kɛərˈ-/), also spelled El Qayrawān or Kairwan (Arabic: ٱلْقَيْرَوَان, romanized: al-Qayrawān [æl qɑjrɑˈwæːn] ⓘ, Tunisian Arabic: Qeirwān [qɪrˈwɛːn] ⓘ), is the capital of the Kairouan Governorate in Tunisia and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The city was founded by the Umayyads around 670, in the period of Caliph Mu'awiya (reigned 661–680); this is when it became an important centre for Sunni Islamic scholarship and Quranic learning, attracting Muslims from various parts of the world. The Mosque of Uqba is situated in the city.
Ponnier M.1
The Ponnier M.1 was an early French World War I fighter aircraft Most of those produced were operated by the Aviation Militaire Belge.  They were deemed unusable by the Belgian ace Willy Coppens and rapidly retired.

Le Rhône 9C
The Rhône 9C is a nine-cylinder rotary aircraft engine produced in France by  Société des Moteurs Le Rhône / Gnome et Rhône. Also known as the Rhône 80 hp in a reference to its nominal power rating, the engine was fitted to many military aircraft types during the First World War. Le Rhône 9C engines were also produced under license in Great Britain, the United States and Sweden.
Gösta Bladin
Johan Axel Gösta Bladin (26 November 1894 – 4 August 1972) was a Swedish track and field athlete who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics. In 1920 he finished ninth in the long jump competition. He also participated in the 400 metre hurdles event where he was eliminated in the semi-finals.

Athletics at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres hurdles
The men's 400 metres hurdles event was part of the track and field athletics programme at the 1920 Summer Olympics. The competition was held on Sunday, August 15, 1920, and on Monday, August 16, 1920. 19 runners from 9 nations competed. Nations were limited to 4 hurdlers each. The event was won by Frank Loomis of the United States, the fourth consecutive victory (in four appearances of the event) by an American. The United States secured its second sweep in the event, and first with other nations competing (only Americans had run in 1900), with John Norton taking silver and August Desch bronze.
Combinatorial principles
In proving results in combinatorics several useful combinatorial rules or combinatorial principles are commonly recognized and used.

The rule of sum, rule of product, and inclusion–exclusion principle are often used for enumerative purposes. Bijective proofs are utilized to demonstrate that two sets have the same number of elements. The pigeonhole principle often ascertains the existence of something or is used to determine the minimum or maximum number of something in a discrete context.

Many combinatorial identities arise from double counting methods or the method of distinguished element. Generating functions and recurrence relations are powerful tools that can be used to manipulate sequences, and can describe if not resolve many combinatorial situations.

Double counting (proof technique)
In combinatorics, double counting, also called counting in two ways, is a combinatorial proof technique for showing that two expressions are equal by demonstrating that they are two ways of counting the size of one set. In this technique, which van Lint & Wilson (2001) call "one of the most important tools in combinatorics", one describes a finite set from two perspectives leading to two distinct expressions for the size of the set. Since both expressions equal the size of the same set, they equal each other.
Lunar regolith simulant
A lunar regolith simulant is a terrestrial material synthesized in order to approximate the chemical, mechanical, engineering, mineralogical, or particle-size distribution properties of lunar regolith. Lunar regolith simulants are used by researchers who wish to research the materials handling, excavation, transportation, and uses of lunar regolith. Samples of actual lunar regolith are too scarce, and too small, for such research, and have been contaminated by exposure to Earth's atmosphere.

Regolith
Regolith (/ˈrɛɡəlɪθ/) is a blanket of unconsolidated, loose, heterogeneous superficial deposits covering solid rock. It includes dust, broken rocks, and other related materials and is present on Earth, the Moon, Mars, some asteroids, and other terrestrial planets and moons.
Pendekar
Pendekar (hero; master of swordsmanship or martial arts), Pandikar or Pandeka is a Malay word to reference or address a warrior who mastered martial arts, particularly silat. Not all masters carry the title; it must be either officially bestowed by royalty (similar to a knighthood) or unofficially by commonfolk. The latter is more common today, especially outside Southeast Asia. Today, the title is often adopted by the founder of a new style. Parallels can be drawn to the chess term grandmaster since the title of Pandeka is the highest possible rank of a practitioner of the Malaysian martial art silat.

Swordsmanship
Swordsmanship or sword fighting refers to the skills and techniques used in combat and training with any type of sword. The term is modern, and as such was mainly used to refer to smallsword fencing, but by extension it can also be applied to any martial art involving the use of a sword. The formation of the English word "swordsman" is parallel to the Latin word gladiator, a term for the professional fighters who fought against each other and a variety of other foes for the entertainment of spectators in the Roman Empire. The word gladiator itself comes from the Latin word gladius, which is a type of sword.