hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Education Act 1993
The Education Act 1993 (c. 35) was an act passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom following the publication of the Major government's education white paper Choice and Diversity: a New Framework for Schools. The act was meant to bring further diversity, accountability and autonomy for schools by expanding the amount with grant-maintained status and enabling secondaries to become specialists in non-core subjects, giving parents more choice. The act also defined special needs in education, greatly expanded the powers of the Education Secretary (in place of the LEAs') and established the School Curriculum and Assessment Authority. The act was the longest piece of educational legislation in British history until the assent of the larger Education Act 1996, which also repealed the act. The Education Act 1996 consolidated the Education Act 1993.

Secretary of State for Education
The secretary of state for education, also referred to as the education secretary, is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, responsible for the work of the Department for Education, mainly overseeing education in England. The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom. As education is fully devolved to the Scottish Government, Welsh Government and Northern Ireland Executive, the post holder has no jurisdiction or influence in education policy or direction in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

The office holder works alongside the other Education ministers. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow secretary of state for education, and the work of the secretary of state is also scrutinised by the Education Select Committee.

The current education secretary is Bridget Phillipson.
Robert H. Miller (judge)
Robert Haskins Miller (March 3, 1919 – September 10, 2009) was the Chief Justice of the Kansas Supreme Court from 1988 to 1990.

Born in Columbus, Ohio, Miller received his bachelor's degree from the University of Kansas and received his law degree from University of Kansas School of Law. After serving in the military during World War II, Miller served as Kansas county attorney and later was a Kansas district court judge and United States magistrate judge. In 1975, he was appointed to the Kansas Supreme Court, where he became chief justice. He died in Topeka, Kansas.

Kansas Supreme Court
The Kansas Supreme Court is the highest judicial authority in the U.S. state of Kansas. Composed of seven justices, the court supervises the legal profession, administers the judicial branch, and serves as the state court of last resort in the appeals process.
Mitsugi, Hiroshima
Mitsugi (御調町, Mitsugi-chō) was a town located in Mitsugi District, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2004, the town had an estimated population of 8,144 and the density of 98.14 persons per km2. The total area was 82.98 km2.

On March 28, 2005, Mitsugi, along with the town of Mukaishima (also from Mitsugi District), was merged into the expanded city of Onomichi.

Mitsugi is divided into seven hamlets: Kamikawabe, Ichi, Kawachi, Imatsuno, Ayame, Yamato and Sugano.

Points of interest in the town include:

The bus station, a roadside station

The children's library

The Entsuba Memorial Museum.

The town's special product is dried persimmons.

The town was founded on February 1, 1955.

Persimmon
The persimmon (/pərˈsɪmən/) is the edible fruit of a number of species of trees in the genus Diospyros. The most widely cultivated of these is the Chinese and Japanese kaki persimmon, Diospyros kaki. In 2022, China produced 77% of the world's persimmons.
Event 2
Event 2 is the second album by hip hop supergroup Deltron 3030. The album was released on September 30, 2013. It is the group's first album since their 2000 debut, Deltron 3030 and a narrative sequel. It features guest musical appearances from Damon Albarn, Mike Patton, Emily Wells, Jamie Cullum, Aaron Bruno, Mary Elizabeth Winstead, Black Rob, Zack de la Rocha, and The Lonely Island, as well as spoken-word performances from Joseph Gordon-Levitt, David Cross, Amber Tamblyn, and David Chang.

Deltron 3030
Deltron 3030 is an American hip hop trio composed of producer Dan the Automator (as the Cantankerous Captain Aptos), rapper Del the Funky Homosapien (as Deltron Zero/Deltron Osiris), and DJ Kid Koala (as Skiznod the Boy Wonder). They also collaborate with a variety of other musicians under many futuristic pseudonyms.
WavePiston
Wavepiston is a concept to harness wave power using a long string with collector plates that move with the waves. Hydraulic pumps between the plates pump water onshore, where it can either drive a turbine to create electricity or be used in desalination.

The concept has been developed since 2009, with Wavepiston A/S incorporated in 2014, based in Helsingør, Denmark.

The first full-scale device was installed off the coast of Gran Canaria in early 2024.

Helsingør
Helsingør (/ˌhɛlsɪŋˈɜːr/ HEL-sing-UR, Danish: [helse̝ŋˈøɐ̯ˀ]; classically known in English as Elsinore (/ˈɛlsɪnɔːr, ˌɛlsɪˈnɔːr/ EL-sin-or, -⁠OR), is a coastal city in northeastern Denmark. Helsingør Municipality had a population of 63,953 on 1 January 2025, making it the 23rd most populated municipality in Denmark. Helsingør is located at the narrowest part of the Øresund strait and together with Helsingborg in Sweden, forms the northern reaches of the Øresund Region, centred on Copenhagen and Malmö. Helsingør is a ferry city, with the frequent departures on the HH Ferry route, which connects Helsingør with Helsingborg, 4 km (2.5 mi) across the Øresund.

Its castle Kronborg was used by William Shakespeare as the setting for his play Hamlet.
Pertamina
PT Pertamina (Persero) is an Indonesian state-owned oil and natural gas corporation, headquartered in Jakarta. It was created in August 1968 by the merger of Pertamin (established 1961) and Permina (established in 1957). In 2020, the firm was the third-largest crude oil producer in Indonesia behind US-based companies ExxonMobil's Mobil Cepu Ltd. and Chevron Pacific Indonesia. According to the 2020 Fortune Global 500 list, Pertamina is the largest company in Indonesia.

Cubic metre
The cubic metre (in Commonwealth English and international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures) or cubic meter (in American English) is the unit of volume in the International System of Units (SI). Its symbol is m3. It is the volume of a cube with edges one metre in length.  An alternative name, which allowed a different usage with metric prefixes, was the stère, still sometimes used for dry measure (for instance, in reference to wood). Another alternative name, no longer widely used, was the kilolitre.
The Biggest Fan (2022 film)
The Biggest Fan  (French: J'adore ce que vous faites) is a French film directed by Philippe Guillard in 2021. It was screened at the 22nd January 2022 L'Alpe d'Huez Film Festival. It will have a cinema release in France the 18 May 2022.

L'Alpe d'Huez Film Festival
L'Alpe d'Huez Film Festival, established in 1997, is a film festival dedicated to comedy cinema. It takes place every year in Alpe d'Huez during the third week of January and offers a free program and free entrance composed of many screenings, short and feature films. The screenings take place all day in the halls of the Palais des Sports et  Congresses of Alpe d'Huez. The films of the official selection, in competition and out of competition, are projected in national preview in the presence of the casts and crews of the films.
Spring Offensive order of battle
This is the order of battle for Operation Michael, part of the German Spring Offensive fought from 21 March to 5 April 1918 as one of the main engagements of the First World War.  It was fought between mixed French, British and Dominion forces and the
German Empire in the Somme region in northern France.

Somme (river)
The Somme (UK: /sɒm/ SOM, US: /sʌm/ SUM; French: [sɔm] ⓘ) is a river in Picardy, northern France.

The river is 245 km (152 mi) in length, from its source in the high ground of the former Arrouaise Forest at Fonsomme near Saint-Quentin, to the Bay of the Somme, in the English Channel. It lies in the geological syncline which also forms the Solent. This gives it a fairly constant and gentle gradient where several fluvial terraces have been identified.
1914 Copa Jockey Club final
The 1914 Copa de Competencia Jockey Club final was the football match that decided the champion of the 8th. edition of this National cup of Argentina. In the match, held in Racing Club Stadium in Avellaneda on November 15, 1914, River Plate defeated Rosarian club Newell's Old Boys 4–0.

It was the first official title won by River Plate in the top division of Argentine football.

Avellaneda
Avellaneda (Latin American Spanish: [aβeʝaˈneða], locally [aβeʃaˈneða]) is a port city in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and the seat of the Avellaneda Partido, whose population was 367,554 as per the 2022 census [INDEC]. Avellaneda is located within the Greater Buenos Aires metropolitan area, and is connected to neighboring Buenos Aires by several bridges over the Riachuelo River.
1990 Ukrainian local elections
The 1990 Ukrainian local elections took place on 4 March 1990 when Ukraine, as the Ukrainian SSR was still a part of the Soviet Union. In these relatively free elections electoral commissions managed to block the participation of most opposition group candidates while "acceptable social organisations" were permitted to register.

The Ukrainian nationalist opposition People's Movement of Ukraine (Rukh) won majorities in the elections of the city councils of Lviv and Kyiv and was successful in western Ukraine. The "Democratic Bloc" (a coalition of Rukh, Ukrainian Republican Party and Democratic Party of Ukraine, Green World Association and other organisations) won the elections in Lviv Oblast, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast and Ternopil Oblast.

The Communist Party won the local government elections in Crimean Oblast.

Only after the March 1990 Ukrainian Supreme Soviet election and local elections political parties started to get established.

Ukrainian nationalism
Ukrainian nationalism (Ukrainian: Український націоналізм, romanized: Ukrainskyi natsionalizm, pronounced [ʊkrɐˈjinʲsʲkɪj nɐts⁽ʲ⁾ionɐˈl⁽ʲ⁾izm]) is the promotion of the unity of Ukrainians as a people and the promotion of the identity of Ukraine as a nation state. The origins of modern Ukrainian nationalism emerge during the Cossack uprising against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth led by Bohdan Khmelnytsky in the mid-17th century. Ukrainian nationalism draws upon a single national identity of culture, ethnicity, geographic location, language, politics (or the government), religion, traditions and belief in a shared singular history.
Inflammatory reflex
The inflammatory reflex is a neural circuit that regulates the immune response to injury and invasion.  All reflexes have an afferent and efferent arc. The Inflammatory reflex has a sensory afferent arc, which is activated by cytokines and a motor or efferent arc, which transmits action potentials in the vagus nerve to suppress cytokine production.  Increased signaling in the efferent arc inhibits inflammation and prevents organ damage.

It has also been shown that the brain can use this circuit  to regulate the immune response and to extend the immunological memory.

Injury
Injury is physiological damage to the living tissue of any organism, whether in humans, in other animals, or in plants.

Injuries can be caused in many ways, including mechanically with penetration by sharp objects such as teeth or with blunt objects, by heat or cold, or by venoms and biotoxins. Injury prompts an inflammatory response in many taxa of animals; this prompts wound healing. In both plants and animals, substances are often released to help to occlude the wound, limiting loss of fluids and the entry of pathogens such as bacteria. Many organisms secrete antimicrobial chemicals which limit wound infection; in addition, animals have a variety of immune responses for the same purpose. Both plants and animals have regrowth mechanisms which may result in complete or partial healing over the injury. Cells too can repair damage to a certain degree.
Nutaku
Nutaku is a Canadian adult gaming platform owned by Aylo with primarily hentai games. Located in Montreal, Quebec, Nutaku offers games with mature content. The platform focuses on browser, downloadable and mobile games, offering microtransactions and purchasable options. As of early 2020, Nutaku had 50 million registered users. Nutaku offers a pool of 500+ free-to-play and paid titles of various genres, including action-adventure, massively multiplayer online game, real-time strategy, tower defense, dating sim, clicker, collectible card game, puzzle, turn-based strategy, strategy, visual novels, kinetic novels, and virtual reality.

Tower defense
Tower defense (TD) is a subgenre of strategy games where the goal is to defend a player's territories or possessions by obstructing the enemy attackers or by stopping enemies from reaching the exits, usually achieved by placing defensive structures on or along their path of attack. This typically means building a variety of different structures that serve to automatically block, impede, attack or destroy enemies. Tower defense is seen as a subgenre of real-time strategy video games, due to its real-time origins, even though many modern tower defense games include aspects of turn-based strategy. Strategic choice and positioning of defensive elements is an essential strategy of the genre.
Richard Hurd (cricketer)
Richard Brian Hurd (born 18 December 1970) is a former English cricketer. Hurd was a right-handed batsman. He was born in Amersham, Buckinghamshire.

Hurd made his debut for Buckinghamshire in the 1992 Minor Counties Championship against Cambridgeshire. Hurd played Minor counties cricket for Buckinghamshire from 1992 to 1998, which included 16 Minor Counties Championship matches and 4 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. He made two List A appearances for Buckinghamshire, against Essex in the 1997 NatWest Trophy and Surrey in the 1998 NatWest Trophy. In these two List A matches, he took scored 33 runs at a batting average of 16.50, with a high score of 18.

Amersham
Amersham (/ˈæmərʃəm/ AM-ər-shəm) is a market town and civil parish in Buckinghamshire, England, in the Chiltern Hills, 27 miles (43 km) northwest of central London, 15 miles (24 km) south-east of Aylesbury and 9 miles (14 km) north-east of High Wycombe. Amersham is part of the London commuter belt.

There are two distinct areas:

Old Amersham, set in the valley of the River Misbourne, containing the 13th-century parish church of St. Mary's and several old pubs and coaching inns

Amersham-on-the-Hill, which grew in the early 20th century around Amersham station, which was served by the Metropolitan Railway (now the Metropolitan line) and the Great Central Railway.
Emil Filipčič
Emil Filipčič (born 8 April 1951) is a Slovene writer, playwright and actor. He is known for his novels, short stories and dramas and has also appeared as an actor in numerous theatre productions in Slovenia.

Filipčič was born in Belgrade in 1951. He studied at the Academy for Theatre, Radio, Film and Television in Ljubljana and works as a freelance writer, actor, playwright and director. In 2011 he won the Prešeren Foundation Award for his novel Problemi (Problems).

Academy of Theatre, Radio, Film and Television (Ljubljana)
The Academy of Theatre, Radio, Film and Television (Slovene: Akademija za gledališče, radio, film in televizijo or AGRFT) is an academy of the University of Ljubljana in Ljubljana, Slovenia. It is the only college and graduate school in Slovenia with a similar curriculum. It is composed of three colleges: the College for Theatre and Radio, the College for Film and Television, and College for Screen and Play Writing. In addition, a Center for Theatre and Film Studies is included in the academy. The current dean is Aleš Valič.
Waddell's triad
Waddell's triad is a pattern of injury seen in pedestrian children who are struck by motor vehicles. The triad comprises:

fractured femoral shaft

intra-thoracic or intra-abdominal injuries

contralateral head injury

The mechanism of injury is an initial impact causing injury to the femur on one side (bumper injury) and the torso on the same side (fender or hood), following which the child is thrown, striking the head on the ground or another object and sustaining injury to the opposite side of the head. In countries where cars drive on the right, pedestrians tend to be struck on the left, causing left femur fractures, injuries to the left chest or spleen, and right sided head injuries.

Although this injury pattern may not be common, it is used to emphasize the point that children involved in high energy impacts should not be assumed to have isolated injuries.

Body of femur
In human anatomy, the body of femur (or shaft of femur) is the almost cylindrical, long part of the femur. It is a little broader above than in the center, broadest and somewhat flattened from before backward below. It is slightly arched, so as to be convex in front, and concave behind, where it is strengthened by a prominent longitudinal ridge, the linea aspera.

It presents for examination three borders, separating three surfaces.

Of the borders, one, the linea aspera, is posterior, one is medial, and the other, lateral.
Fowler Middle School
Fowler Middle School is the name of several middle schools located in the United States:

Fowler Middle School, in the Frisco Independent School District of Frisco, Texas

Fowler Middle School, in the Tigard-Tualatin School District of Portland, Oregon

Tigard-Tualatin School District
The Tigard-Tualatin School District (23J) is a school district serving part of the suburban Portland metropolitan area in Oregon including all or portions of the cities of Tigard, Tualatin, Durham, and King City, as well as most of the unincorporated communities of Metzger and Bull Mountain.
Laboratory experiments of speciation
Laboratory experiments of speciation have been conducted for all four modes of speciation: allopatric, peripatric, parapatric, and sympatric; and various other processes involving speciation: hybridization, reinforcement, founder effects, among others. Most of the experiments have been done on flies, in particular Drosophila fruit flies. However, more recent studies have tested yeasts, fungi, and even viruses.

It has been suggested that laboratory experiments are not conducive to vicariant speciation events (allopatric and peripatric) due to their small population sizes and limited generations. Most estimates from studies of nature indicate that speciation takes hundreds of thousands to millions of years. On the other hand, many species are thought to have speciated faster and more recently, such as the European flounders (Platichthys flesus) that spawn in pelagic and demersal zones—having allopatrically speciated in under 3000 generations.

European flounder
The European flounder (Platichthys flesus) is a flatfish of European coastal waters from the White Sea in the north to the Mediterranean and the Black Sea in the south. It has been introduced into the United States and Canada accidentally through transport in ballast water. It is caught and used for human consumption.

The European flounder is oval in shape and is usually right-eyed. It normally grows about 30 cm in length, although lengths of up to 60 cm have been recorded. The upper surface is usually dull brown or olive in colour with reddish spots and brown blotches and this fish can change colour to suit its background, providing an effective camouflage. The underside is pearly-white, giving the fish one of its common names, the white fluke. The lateral line features rows of small tubercles, as do the bases of the dorsal and anal fins.
Abedini
Abedini (Persian: عابدینی) is an Iranian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Amir Abedini (born 1949), Iranian football club chairman

Fardin Abedini (born 1991), Iranian footballer

Hossein Abedini, Iranian actor

Mojtaba Abedini (born 1984), Iranian Olympic fencer

Reza Abedini (born 1967), Iranian graphic designer

Saeed Abedini (born 1980), Iranian-American Christian pastor

Saeed Abedini
Saeed Abedini (Persian: سعيد عابدينی, born 7 May 1980) is an Iranian American Christian pastor who was imprisoned in Iran in 2012 based on allegations that he compromised national security. During his imprisonment, Abedini became internationally known as a victim of religious persecution. Following international pressure, along with other American prisoners, Abedini was released from prison on 16 January 2016.

After his release, Abedini and his wife, Naghmeh, divorced. She has accused him of years of domestic abuse. He has denied all allegations against him.
Thalictrum clavatum
Thalictrum clavatum DC., known by its common name as the Mountain Meadow-Rue or Lady Rue, is a slender perennial forb of the Ranunculaceae family native to the South and Central Appalachian regions of the United States, namely the states of Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, and parts of North Carolina and West Virginia. This dicotyledon species is commonly found within seepages, moist forests, spray cliffs at waterfalls, and brookbanks in mountainous regions at elevations of 500 meters. It is distinctive due to its green-hued, roughly 1.5 foot-tall form and its panicle inflorescence arrangement of white flowers that bloom within the months of May to July.

Forb
A forb or phorb is a herbaceous flowering plant that is not a graminoid (grass, sedge, or rush). The term is used in botany and in vegetation ecology especially in relation to grasslands and understory. Typically, these are eudicots without woody stems.
Iniö
Iniö is a former municipality of Finland. On 1 January 2009, it was consolidated with Houtskär, Korpo, Nagu and Pargas to form the new town of Väståboland, which name from the beginning of 2012 was changed to Pargas.

It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Southwest Finland region. The municipality had a population of 250 (2008-12-31) and covered an area of 63.86 km2 (24.66 sq mi) (excluding sea) of which 0.17 km2 (0.07 sq mi) is inland water. The population density was 3.97 inhabitants per km2.

The municipality was bilingual, with majority being Swedish and minority Finnish speakers.

Regions of Finland
Finland is divided into 19 regions (Finnish: maakunta; Swedish: landskap)
which are governed by regional councils that serve as forums of cooperation for the municipalities of each region. The councils are composed of delegates from the municipal councils. The main tasks of regional councils are regional planning, the development of enterprises, and education. Between 2004 and 2012, the regional council of Kainuu was elected via popular elections as part of an experimental regional administration.

In 2022, new Wellbeing services counties were established as part of a health care and social services reform. The wellbeing services counties follow the regional borders, and are governed by directly elected county councils.
Vrh dna
Vrh dna (The top of the bottom) is the eleventh album by Montenegrin singer Rambo Amadeus, released in 2015. The album contains 10 songs, including the hits "O'ruk, sad ga lomi" ("Ho-ruk, breaking it now"), "Privatizovat" ("Privatize"), "Duge donje gaće" ("Long underpants") and "Samo balade" ("Ballads only").

The album was released under Mascom Records.

Underpants
Underpants are underwear worn on the lower body generally extending no higher than the navel.
In British English they are often called simply pants.
If a given pair of underpants has a wider waistband, it might bear the brand name of the manufacturer on it.