hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Genders
William Genders (5 January 1890 – 7 February 1971) was a British cyclist. He competed in two events at the 1920 Summer Olympics. Genders served in Belgium with the Royal Army Service Corps during the First World War.

Royal Army Service Corps
The Royal Army Service Corps (RASC) was a corps of the British Army responsible for land, coastal and lake transport, air despatch, barracks administration, the Army Fire Service, staffing headquarters' units, supply of food, water, fuel and domestic materials such as clothing, furniture and stationery and the supply of technical and military equipment. In 1965 its functions were divided between other Corps (RCT and RAOC) and the RASC ceased to exist; subsequently, in 1993, they in their turn (with some functions of the Royal Engineers) became the "Forming Corps" of the Royal Logistic Corps.
Nicolas de Liemaker
Nicolaas Liemaker, or de Liemaker, de Liemaeckere, surnamed Roose, or Nicolaes Roose (1601 – 1646), a Flemish historical painter, was born at Ghent in 1601. He was the son of Jacob De Liemaker, a painter upon glass, and is said by Descamps to have been a pupil of Markus Geeraerts the younger, but as the latter joined his father in London in 1580, it is most likely that he studied under Otto van Veen at Antwerp. He attained high rank in his profession, and in 1625 returned to Ghent, where he died in 1646. The Museum of Ghent and the churches of that city and of other towns of Flanders possess a great number of his works. His best picture is the 'Consecration of St. Nicholas, Bishop of Myra,' which is above the high altar of the church of St. Nicholas at Ghent.

Otto van Veen
Otto van Veen (also known by his Latinized names Otto Venius or Octavius Vaenius; 1556 – 6 May 1629), was a painter, draughtsman, and humanist active primarily in Antwerp and Brussels in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. He is known for his paintings of religious and mythological scenes, allegories and portraits, which he produced in his large workshop in Antwerp. He further designed several emblem books, and was from 1594 or 1595 to 1598 the teacher of Rubens. His role as a classically educated humanist artist (a pictor doctus), was influential on the young Rubens, who would take on that role himself.  He was court painter of successive governors of the Habsburg Netherlands, including the Archdukes Albert and Isabella.
Worth School
Worth School is a private co-educational  Catholic boarding and day school for pupils from 11 to 18 years of age near Worth, West Sussex, England. Until 2008, Worth was exclusively a boys' school. The school is located within Worth Abbey, a Benedictine monastery, in 500 acres (2.0 km2) of Sussex countryside. It is one of the three Benedictine independent boarding schools in the United Kingdom; the other two being Ampleforth and Downside. For the academic year 2015/16, Worth charged day pupils up to £7,275 per term, making it the 42nd most expensive HMC day school.

Preparatory school (United Kingdom)
A preparatory school (or, shortened: prep school) in the United Kingdom is a fee-charging private primary school that caters for children up to approximately the age of 13.  The term "preparatory school" is used as it prepares the children for the Common Entrance Examination in order to secure a place at an independent secondary school, typically one of the English public schools.  They are also preferred by some parents in the hope of getting their child into a state selective grammar school. Most prep schools are inspected by the Independent Schools Inspectorate, which is overseen by Ofsted on behalf of the Department for Education.
The Big Shot (1937 film)
The Big Shot is a 1937 American comedy film directed by Edward Killy from a screenplay by Arthur T. Horman and Bert Granet, based on a story by Lawrence Pohle and Thomas Ahearn. The film stars Guy Kibbee, Cora Witherspoon, Dorothy Moore and Russell Hicks. Produced and distributed by RKO Radio Pictures, the film premiered on July 23, 1937.

Arthur T. Horman
Arthur T. Horman (September 2, 1905 – November 2, 1964) was an American screenwriter whose career spanned from the 1930s to the end of the 1950s. During that time he wrote the stories or screenplays for over 60 films, as well as writing several pieces for television during the 1950s.
Dzhokhar Dudayev Battalion
The Dzhokhar Dudayev Chechen Peacekeeping Battalion (Ukrainian: Чеченський миротворчий батальйон імені Джохара Дудаєва, romanized: Chechenskyi myrotvorchyi batalion imeni Dzhokhara Dudaieva) is a Chechen volunteer battalion named after the first President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, Dzhokhar Dudayev. The battalion is made up of Chechen volunteers, many of whom fought in the First Chechen War and Second Chechen War on the side of the Republic of Ichkeria, Ingush, Crimean Tatars and Ukrainians.

The battalion has been under the command of Adam Osmayev since 1 February 2015, after Isa Munayev was killed in action at the Battle of Debaltseve in Eastern Ukraine.

The Dzhokhar Dudayev Battalion is one of several Chechen armed formations on the side of Ukraine.

Ingush people
Ingush (Ingush: Гӏалгӏай, romanized: Ghalghai, pronounced [ˈʁəlʁɑj]), historically known as Durdzuks, Gligvi and Kists, are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Republic of Ingushetia in central Caucasus, but also inhabitanting Prigorodny District and town of Vladikavkaz of modern-day North-Ossetia. The Ingush are predominantly Sunni Muslims and speak the Ingush language.
Lyari Expressway Resettlement Project
Lyari Expressway Resettlement Project (LERP) is a civic project in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan to provide replacement housing in developed suburbs for people displaced by the construction of the Lyari Expressway. Over 250,000 residents of the land near the Lyari River were left homeless by the construction of the highway, but provided land and compensation for relocation in areas including the new developments Hawke's Bay, Baldia and Taiser Town.

Baldia Town
Baldia Town (Urdu:  بلدیہ ٹاؤن ) is an administrative sub-division within Keamari District of Karachi Division in Sindh Province of Pakistan. Baldia Town lies in the western part of the city with a population of 948,399 as of the 2023 Pakistani census.

In 2020, Kemari District was carved out of Karachi West District, and Baldia Town ended up being part of Kemari District.
Reynaldo Galindo Pohl
Reynaldo Galindo Pohl (Sonsonate, October 21, 1918 – San Salvador, January 4, 2012) was a Salvadoran lawyer and diplomat. He actively participated in the military movement which led to overthrew of Salvador Castaneda Castro in 1948. Galindo Pohl was a member of Revolutionary Government Junta of El Salvador and presided over the Constituent Assembly that drafted the Constitution of 1950. He was the minister of education in the first half of 1950s and after that begun working for United Nations in 1960s.

He was special rapporteur of the Commission of Human Rights on Iran from 1986 to 1995 — after Andres Aguilar (1984-1986) and before Maurice Copithorne (1995-2002).

Salvador Castaneda Castro
Salvador Castaneda Castro (6 August 1888 – 5 March 1965) was a Salvadoran military officer who served as President of El Salvador from 1 March 1945 to his overthrow on 14 December 1948. He also served as Minister of Government, Promotion, Agriculture, Labor, Sanitation, and Charity from 1931 to 1935 and as Minister of War, the Navy, and Aviation during March 1945.
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (also simply known as Tom Sawyer) is a novel by Mark Twain published on June 9, 1876, about a boy, Tom Sawyer, growing up along the Mississippi River. It is set in the 1830s–1840s in the town of St. Petersburg, which is based on Hannibal, Missouri, where Twain lived as a boy. In the novel, Sawyer has several adventures, often with his friend Huckleberry Finn. Originally a commercial failure, the book ended up being the best-selling of Twain's works during his lifetime.

Along with its 1885 sequel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the book is considered by many to be a masterpiece of American literature. It was alleged by Mark Twain to be one of the first novels to be written on a typewriter.

Aaron and Adam Nee
Aaron and Adam Nee, sometimes referred to as the Nee brothers, are an American filmmaking duo best known for their feature films The Last Romantic (2006),  Band of Robbers (2015), and The Lost City (2022).
Mungaoli Assembly constituency
Mungaoli Assembly constituency is one of the 230 Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) constituencies of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. This constituency came into existence in 1951, as one of the 79 Vidhan Sabha constituencies of the erstwhile Madhya Bharat state.

Madhya Bharat
Madhya Bharat, also known as Malwa Union, was an Indian state in west-central India, created on 28 May 1948 from twenty-five princely states which until 1947 had been part of the Central India Agency, with Jiwajirao Scindia as its Rajpramukh.

The union had an area of 46,478 square miles (120,380 km2).Gwalior was made the capital and the first legislative assembly took place inside the Moti Mahal of Gwalior. It was bordered by the states of Bombay (presently Gujarat and Maharashtra) to the southwest, Rajasthan to the northwest, Uttar Pradesh to the north, and Vindhya Pradesh to the east, and Bhopal State and Madhya Pradesh to the southeast. The population was mostly Hindu and Hindi-speaking.
On 1 November 1956, Madhya Bharat, together with the states of Vindhya Pradesh and Bhopal State, was merged into Madhya Pradesh.
Novomyrhorod urban territorial hromada
Novomyrhorod urban territorial hromada (Ukrainian: Новомиргородська міська територіальна громада, romanized: Novomyrhorod urban territorial hromada) is an urban territorial hromada in Novoukrainka Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine. The administrative center is the city of Novomyrhorod. The area of the hromada is 998.5 km2, and the population is 27,170 inhabitants (2020).

The hromada includes 1 city (Novomyrhorod), 1 rural settlement (Kapitanivka) and 45 villages.

Kapitanivka, Kirovohrad Oblast
Kapitanivka (Ukrainian: Капітанівка; Russian: Капитановка) is a rural settlement in Novoukrainka Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine. It is located on the banks of the Rozlyvna, a tributary of the Velyka Vys, in the drainage basin of the Southern Bug, at the border with Cherkasy Oblast. Kapitanivka belongs to Novomyrhorod urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 2,430 (2022 estimate).
Karl Bleyl
Karl Bleyl (4 December 1908 – 28 April 1995) was an amateur German entomologist who specialised in Hymenoptera. His collection of Hymenoptera (Apoidea) is held by the German Entomological Institute. His Lepidoptera are in the collection of Thomas Lehmann in Oranienbaum.

Bleyl was born on Gut Seeben near Halle, Germany. He began collecting insects at the age of 6. Bleyl was influenced by entomologist and Hymenoptera researcher Ernst Heidenreich. He died in Oranienbaum, Germany on 28 April 1995.

Apoidea
The superfamily Apoidea is a major group (of over 30 000 species) within the Hymenoptera, which includes two traditionally recognized lineages, the "sphecoid" wasps, and the bees. Molecular phylogeny demonstrates that the bees arose from within the traditional "Crabronidae", so that grouping is paraphyletic, and this has led to a reclassification to produce monophyletic families.
Rubrication
Rubrication is the addition of text in red ink to a manuscript for emphasis. Practitioners of rubrication, so-called rubricators or rubrishers, were specialized scribes who received text from the original scribe. Rubrication was one of several steps in the medieval process of manuscript making. The term comes from the Latin rubrīcāre, "to color red", the base word being ruber, "red". The practice began in  pharaonic Egypt with scribes emphasizing important text, such as headings, new parts of a narrative, etc., on papyri with red ink.

Theophilus Presbyter
Theophilus Presbyter (fl. c. 1070–1125) is the pseudonymous author or compiler of a Latin text containing detailed descriptions of various medieval arts, a text commonly known as the Schedula diversarum artium ("List of various arts") or De diversis artibus ("On various arts"), probably first compiled between 1100 and 1120.
Bar 20 Justice
Bar 20 Justice is a 1938 American Western film directed by Lesley Selander and written by Arnold Belgard and Harrison Jacobs. The film stars William Boyd, George "Gabby" Hayes, Russell Hayden, Gwen Gaze, William Duncan and Pat J. O'Brien. The film was released on June 28, 1938, by Paramount Pictures. This was the 16th entry in the "Hopalong Cassidy" western series.

Bar 20 Justice was directed by Lesley Selander, who would eventually helm 27 of the 66 "Cassidy" films.

Lesley Selander
Lesley Selander (May 26, 1900 – December 5, 1979) was an American film director of Westerns and adventure movies. His career as director, spanning 127 feature films and dozens of TV episodes, lasted from 1936 to 1968. Before that, Selander was assistant director on films such as The Cat and the Fiddle (1934), A Night at the Opera (1935), and Fritz Lang's Fury (1936).

To this day Selander remains one of the most prolific directors of feature Westerns in cinema history, having taken the helm for 107 Westerns between his first directorial feature in 1936 and 1967.  In 1956 he was nominated for the Directors Guild of America award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Television, for his work directing a 1954 episode of Lassie.
Łyna (river)
The Łyna (Polish pronunciation: [ˈwɨna]; German: Alle [ˈalə] ⓘ; Lithuanian: Alna; Russian: Ла́ва - Lava), is a river that begins in northern Poland's Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship and ends in Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast.

The Łyna is a tributary of the Pregolya River, and has a total length of 264 km (207 km in Poland and 57 km in Russia) and a basin area of 7,126 km² (5,298 km² in Poland). It is connected to Lake Mamry by the 18th-century Masurian Canal.

The river's source is located near the village of Łyna in Masuria, Poland. It then flows through the regions of Warmia, Bartia and Nadrovia.

Masuria
Masuria (Polish: Mazury [maˈzurɨ] ⓘ; Masurian: Mazurÿ; German: Masuren [maˈzuːʁən] ⓘ) is an ethnographic and geographic region in northern and northeastern Poland, known for its 2,000 lakes. Masuria occupies much of the Masurian Lake District. Administratively, it is part of the Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship (administrative area/province). Its biggest city, often regarded as its capital, is Ełk. The region covers a territory of some 10,000 km2 which approximately 500,000 people inhabit.

Masuria is bordered by Warmia, Powiśle and Chełmno Land in the west, Mazovia in the south, Podlachia and Suwałki Region in the east, and Lithuania Minor in the north.
Leonardo Giordani
Leonardo Giordani (born 27 May 1977) is an Italian former racing cyclist, who competed as a professional from 2000 to 2013. He most notably won the under-23 road race at the 1999 UCI Road World Championships.

UCI Road World Championships – Men's under-23 road race
The UCI Road World Championships - Men's under-23 road race is the annual world championship for road bicycle racing in the discipline of time trial, organised by the world governing body, the Union Cycliste Internationale. The event was first run in 1996. In 2020 no race was held due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Il était une fois... (album)
Il était une fois... (French pronunciation: [il etɛtyn fwa], lit. 'Once upon a time') is the third studio album by French rapper Black M, released on 13 September 2019. It consists of 17 tracks including 9 featurings with Bigflo & Oli, Heuss l'Enfoiré, Soolking, PLK, Koba LaD and Niro.

Bigflo & Oli
Bigflo et Oli (referred to as Bigflo & Oli) is a French hip hop duo from Toulouse. The duo is composed of two brothers, Florian "Bigflo" Ordoñez and Olivio "Oli" Ordoñez. Their debut album La Cour des grands was released in 2015 and received a gold record award in France less than four months after being released, then went platinum, making them the youngest French rappers to receive this award.

Their second album, La Vraie Vie, came out on June 23, 2017. The album was certified gold record three weeks later, platinum record three months later, on September 18, 2017, double platinum record in early December 2017 and triple platinum record in March 2018 with over 300,000 sales.

Their third album, La Vie de rêve, was released on November 23, 2018. It earned gold record status within 10 days of its release, then went platinum one month after its release.

As of October 2019, they have sold over a million copies of their albums.
Sierra del Sueve
The Sierra del Sueve is a limestone massif located close to the coast in the east-central area of Asturias, Spain. It is a northern foothill of the Cantabrian Mountains. The range is located in the municipalities of northeast Caravia, Colunga in the northwest, Piloña, Parres and Ribadesella to the east and south.

Common bent-wing bat
The common bent-wing bat (Miniopterus schreibersii), also known as the Schreibers's long-fingered bat or Schreibers's bat, is a species of insectivorous bat.  They appear to have dispersed from a subtropical origin and distributed throughout the southern Palearctic, Ethiopic, Oriental, and Australian regions. In Europe, it is present in the southern half on the continent from Iberia to the Caucasus, with the largest populations found in the warmer Mediterranean area. The common and scientific names honor Carl Franz Anton Ritter von Schreibers.
Norway at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Norway competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland. 102 competitors, 96 men and 6 women, took part in 72 events in 14 sports. Earlier in the year, Norway had hosted the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo.

Alfred Eriksen (fencer)
Alfred "Effen" Eriksen (1 August 1918 – 27 April 1991) was a Norwegian fencer. He competed at the 1948 and 1952 Summer Olympics at ages 29 and 33 respectively. He qualified to the quarter finals for the Men's Team Épée in both competitions alongside Egill Knutzen, Johan von Koss, and Sverre Gillebo with Claus Mørch, Sr. in the 1948 games and Leif Klette in the 1952 games. He additionally reached the Men's Individual Épée quarter final in the 1948 Olympic Games but was eliminated in the first round of the 1952 Olympic Games in both the same event and the Men's Sabre Individual.
2005–06 Danish 1st Division
The 2005–06 Danish 1st Division season was the 61st season of the Danish 1st Division league championship and the 20th consecutive as a second tier competition governed by the Danish Football Association.

The division-champion, Vejle, and runner-up, Randers, promoted to the 2006–07 Danish Superliga. The teams in the 14th, 15th and 16th places, LFA, BK Skjold and Brønshøj, relegated to 2006–07 Danish 2nd Divisions, and would be divided between the 2nd Division east and west, based on location.

Danish 1st Division
The 1st Division (1. Division) is the second-highest football league in Denmark, also known as Betinia LIGA for sponsorship reasons. From 1945 to 1991, the 1. Division was the name of the highest level of football in Denmark. With the formation of the Danish Superliga, the 1st Division became the second tier of Danish football. While all the teams in the Superliga are full-time professional the 1. Division has a mixture of full-time professional and semi-professional teams.

The top-ranking teams each year win promotion to the Superliga, while the bottom finishers get relegated to the Danish 2nd Division.

Viaplay broadcasts all matches from the league.
Carl Fredrik Adelcrantz
Carl Fredrik Adelcrantz (30 January 1716 – 1 March 1796) was a Swedish architect and civil servant. Adelcrantz's style developed from a rococo influenced by Carl Hårleman, the leading architect in Sweden in the early years of his career, to a classical idiom influenced by the stylistic developments in France in the mid-to-late 18th century. As överintendent, he headed the royal and public building works from 1767 until his retirement in 1795.

Nicodemus Tessin the Younger
Count Nicodemus Tessin the Younger (23 May 1654 – 10 April 1728) was a Swedish Baroque architect, city planner, and administrator.

The son of Nicodemus Tessin the Elder and the father of Carl Gustaf Tessin, Tessin the Younger was the middle generation of the brief Tessin dynasty, which has had a lasting influence on Swedish architecture and history. Several of his works, including the gardens of Drottningholm Palace, are among the most architecturally significant in Sweden.
Zhang Zhiwan
Zhang Zhiwan (Chinese: 張之萬, 1811–1897), courtesy name Ziqing (子青), art name Luanpo (鑾坡), was a Qing dynasty statesman and painter. He was the cousin of another prominent late Qing politician Zhang Zhidong.

Art name
An art name (pseudonym or pen name), also known by its native names hào (in Mandarin Chinese), gō (in Japanese), ho (in Korean), and tên hiệu (in Vietnamese), is a professional name used by artists, poets and writers in the Sinosphere. The word and the concept originated in China, where it was used as nicknames for the educated, then became popular in other East Asian countries (especially in Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and the former Kingdom of Ryukyu).

In some cases, artists adopted different pseudonyms at different stages of their career, usually to mark significant changes in their life. Extreme practitioners of this tendency were Tang Yin of the Ming dynasty, who had more than ten hao, Hokusai of Japan, who in the period 1798 to 1806 alone used no fewer than six, and Kim Chŏnghŭi of the Joseon Dynasty who had up to 503.
Bang, Zoom, Crazy... Hello
Bang, Zoom, Crazy... Hello is the seventeenth studio album by American rock band Cheap Trick. The album was released on April 1, 2016, by Big Machine Records. The album is the first in the band's history not featuring Bun E. Carlos on drums, instead featuring Daxx Nielsen on drums.

Bun E. Carlos
Brad Carlson (born June 12, 1950), better known by the stage name Bun E. Carlos, is the original drummer for American rock band Cheap Trick. He recorded and performed with the band from 1973 to 2010. Carlos was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2016 as a member of Cheap Trick.
Allan's Island, Newfoundland and Labrador
Allan's Island, formerly Allan Island, is a Canadian fishing settlement in the Burin peninsula of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It is a part of the town of Lamaline.

In 1968 it was designated a village. It has a lighthouse which is visible for 9 miles. The lighthouse was first lit in 1879, and the current tower was erected around 2004. In 1940 the population was 303, in 1951 it was 196 and down to 187 by 1956. It is now part of the town of Lamaline. The settlement is connected to Lamaline via a causeway supported by breakwaters.

Breakwater (structure)
A breakwater is a permanent structure constructed at a coastal area to protect against tides, currents, waves, and storm surges.  Breakwaters have been built since antiquity to protect anchorages, helping isolate vessels from marine hazards such as wind-driven waves. A breakwater, also known in some contexts as a jetty or a mole, may be connected to land or freestanding, and may contain a walkway or road for vehicle access.

Part of a coastal management system, breakwaters are installed parallel to the shore to minimize erosion. On beaches where longshore drift threatens the erosion of beach material, smaller structures on the beach  may be installed, usually perpendicular to the water's edge. Their action on waves and current is intended to slow the longshore drift and discourage mobilisation of beach material. In this usage they are more usually referred to as groynes.