hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1938 Minnesota lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1938 Minnesota lieutenant gubernatorial election took place on November 8, 1938. Republican Party of Minnesota candidate C. Elmer Anderson defeated Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party challenger John J. Kinzer and Minnesota Democratic Party candidate Ray M. Lang.

Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party
The Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party (FLP), officially known as the Farmer-Labor Party of Minnesota, was a left-wing American political party in Minnesota between 1918 and 1944. The FLP largely dominated Minnesota politics during the Great Depression. It was one of the most successful statewide third party movements in United States history and the longest-lasting and most fruitful affiliate of the national Farmer–Labor movement. At its height in the 1920s and 1930s, FLP members included three Minnesota governors, four United States senators, eight United States representatives and a majority in the Minnesota legislature.

In 1944, Hubert H. Humphrey and Elmer Benson worked to merge the party with the state's Democratic Party, forming the contemporary Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party.
HMS Empress (1914)
HMS Empress was a seaplane carrier of the Royal Navy (RN) that served during the First World War. Converted from the Cross-Channel packet ship Empress, the ship's aircraft conducted aerial reconnaissance, observation and bombing missions in the North Sea and Eastern Mediterranean. During the last year of the war, she conducted anti-submarine patrols in the Mediterranean. Empress was returned to her owners in 1919 and was then sold to a French company in 1923. She was scrapped in 1933.

Packet boat
Packet boats were medium-sized boats designed mainly for domestic mail and freight transport in European countries and in North American rivers and canals. Eventually including basic passenger accommodation, they were used extensively during the 18th and 19th centuries, and had regularly scheduled services.

In the 18th century, packet boats were put into use on the Atlantic Ocean between Great Britain and its colonies, where the services were called the packet trade. In the later 19th century, steam-driven packets were used extensively in the United States on the Mississippi and Missouri rivers, servicing rivertowns such as St. Joseph, St. Paul, Galena and St. Louis and providing communication and supplies to be carried overland to more distant forts and trading posts.
Daruma Magazine
Daruma Magazine was a quarterly English language magazine published in Amagasaki, Japan, and devoted to Japanese art and antiques. It was published by Takeguchi Momoko and edited by author Alistair Seton. It commenced publication in 1993.  In addition to the major articles, each issue contained brief articles on haiku, woodblock prints, and ikebana.  The magazine ceased publication in 2011, with Issue 70 (Vol. 18, No. 2) being its last.

Ikebana
Ikebana (生け花, 活け花, 'arranging flowers' or 'making flowers alive') is the Japanese art of flower arrangement. It is also known as kadō (花道, 'way of flowers'). The origin of ikebana can be traced back to the ancient Japanese custom of erecting evergreen trees and decorating them with flowers as Yorishiro to invite the gods.

Later, flower arrangements were instead used to adorn the tokonoma (alcove) of a traditional Japanese home.

Ikebana is counted as one of the three classical Japanese arts of refinement, along with kōdō for incense appreciation and chadō for tea and the tea ceremony.
Canton of Herblay-sur-Seine
The canton of Herblay-sur-Seine (before 2021: Herblay) is an administrative division of the Val-d'Oise department, Île-de-France region, northern France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Herblay-sur-Seine.

It consists of the following communes:

La Frette-sur-Seine

Herblay-sur-Seine

Montigny-lès-Cormeilles

Val-d'Oise
Val-d'Oise (French: [val dwaz] ⓘ; lit. 'Vale of Oise') is a department in the Île-de-France region, Northern France. It was created in 1968 following the split of the Seine-et-Oise department. In 2019, Val-d'Oise had a population of 1,249,674.

It is named after the river Oise, a major tributary of the Seine, which crosses the region after having started in Belgium and flowed through Northeastern France. Val-d'Oise is Île-de-France's northernmost department. Charles de Gaulle Airport, France's main international airport, is partially located in Roissy-en-France, a commune of Val-d'Oise.

Its INSEE and postcode number is 95.
William Payne (New Mexico politician)
For the American university president, see William H. Payne.

William Holland Payne (born July 18, 1951) is an American politician, attorney, and retired United States Navy Rear admiral.He served as a member of the New Mexico Senate from 1997 to 2021.

William H. Payne
William Harold Payne (1836–1907) was an American educator and translator. As professor of the Science and Art of Teaching at the University of Michigan in 1879, he was the first university professor of pedagogy in the United States. He served as the chancellor of the University of Nashville and the president of Peabody College (both of which later merged with Vanderbilt University) from 1887 to 1901.
Croatia national badminton team
The Croatia national badminton team (Croatian: Hrvatska reprezentacija u badmintonu) represents Croatia in international badminton team competitions. The national team was formed after the establishment of the Croatian Badminton Association in Zagreb. The men's and women's team made their debut in the 2010 European Men's and Women's Team Badminton Championships in Warsaw.

The Croatian mixed team only played one team tournament, which was in 2011 when the team qualified for the 2011 European Mixed Team Badminton Championships, but was eliminated in the group stage.

National player Igor Čimbur was called up as a coach for the national team's seniors and juniors.

2010 European Men's and Women's Team Badminton Championships
The 2010 European Men's and Women's Team Badminton Championships was held in Warsaw, Poland, from February 16 to February 21, 2010. This tournament also serves as European qualification for the 2010 Thomas & Uber Cup.
Fife Opera
56°6′42.99″N 3°9′50.6″W﻿ / ﻿56.1119417°N 3.164056°W﻿ / 56.1119417; -3.164056

Fife Opera is a semi-professional grand opera company dating back to 1976, and based in Kirkcaldy, Scotland. It has produced over 40 full-scale productions since its inception.

At present, it is one of only a handful of companies left in Scotland today producing large-scale operas, and one of the few to routinely to play with a full orchestra, and the foremost company of its sort in Fife.

Grand opera
Grand opera is a genre of 19th-century opera generally in four or five acts, characterized by large-scale casts and orchestras. The original productions consisted of spectacular design and stage effects with plots normally based on or around dramatic historic events. The term is particularly applied (sometimes specifically used in its French-language equivalent grand opéra, pronounced [ɡʁɑ̃t‿ɔpeʁa]) to certain productions of the Paris Opéra from the late 1820s to around 1860; 'grand opéra' has sometimes been used to denote the Paris Opéra itself.

The term 'grand opera' is also used in a broader application in respect of contemporary or later works of similar monumental proportions from France, Germany, Italy, and other countries.

It may also be used colloquially in an imprecise sense to refer to 'serious opera without spoken dialogue'.
Senad Šepić
Senad Šepić (born 24 December 1977) is a Bosnian politician who is the current president of the Independent Bloc. He served as member of the national House of Representatives from 2012 to 2018. A member of the Party of Democratic Action (SDA) since 1995, he left the party to form the Independent Bloc in 2017.

Šepić also served as member of the Federal House of Representatives from 2002 to 2007, and was the deputy Minister of Civil Affairs from 2007 until 2012.

Ministry of Civil Affairs (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
The Ministry of Civil Affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Serbo-Croatian: Ministarstvo civilnih poslova Bosne i Hercegovine / Министарство цивилних послова Босне и Херцеговине) is the governmental department which oversees civil affairs of the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Seidelmann 30-T
The Seidelmann 30-T is an American sailboat that was designed by Bob Seidelmann as a cruiser and first built in 1977.

The Seidelmann 30-T is a development of the Seidelmann 30, with a T-shaped cockpit.

Cruising (maritime)
Cruising is a maritime activity that involves staying aboard a watercraft for extended periods of time when the vessel is traveling on water at a steady speed. Cruising generally refers to leisurely trips on yachts and luxury cruiseships, with durations varying from day-trips to months-long round-the-world voyages.
3-Ketosteroid reductase
In enzymology, 3-keto-steroid reductase (EC 1.1.1.270) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of keto sterols to the corresponding 3β-hydroxysteroids. For example:

In this example, the two substrates of the enzyme are lophenol and oxidised nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+). Its products are 4α-methyllathosterone, reduced NADPH, and a proton.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3beta-hydroxy-steroid:NADP+ 3-oxidoreductase. This enzyme is also called 3-KSR. This enzyme participates in biosynthesis of steroids.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, abbreviated NADP or, in older notation, TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleotide), is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions, such as the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses, which require it as a reducing agent ('hydrogen source'). NADPH is the reduced form, whereas NADP+ is the oxidized form. NADP+ is used by all forms of cellular life. NADP+ is essential for life because it is needed for cellular respiration.

NADP+ differs from NAD+ by the presence of an additional phosphate group on the 2' position of the ribose ring that carries the adenine moiety. This extra phosphate is added by NAD+ kinase and removed by NADP+ phosphatase.
Tedder certificate
A Tedder certificate was awarded to citizens of foreign countries who assisted British service personnel to escape from German captivity in Western Europe during the Second World War.  It was issued in the name of Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur Tedder with individual awards vetted and sanctioned by MI9.  More than 35,000 applications for the award were processed.

Air chief marshal
Air chief marshal (Air Chf Mshl or ACM) is a high-ranking air officer rank used by some air forces, with origins from the Royal Air Force. The rank is used by air forces of many countries that have historical British influence. This rank is also equivalent to an admiral in a navy or a full general in an army or other nations' air forces.

The rank of air chief marshal is immediately senior to the rank of air marshal but subordinate to marshal of the air force. Air chief marshals are sometimes generically considered to be air marshals.
Klek, Zrenjanin
Klek (Serbian Cyrillic: Клек; Hungarian: Begafő) is a village located in the Zrenjanin municipality, Central Banat District, Vojvodina, Serbia. The village has a Serb ethnic majority (90.80%), and its population is 3,011 (2011 census).

Banat
Banat (UK: /ˈbænɪt, ˈbɑːn-/ BAN-it, BAHN-, US: /bəˈnɑːt, bɑː-/ bə-NAHT, bah-; Romanian: Banat; Hungarian: Bánság; Serbian: Банат, romanized: Banat) is a geographical and historical region located in the Pannonian or Carpathian Basin that straddles Central and Eastern Europe. It is divided among three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania (the counties of Timiș, Caraș-Severin, Arad south of the Mureș river, and the western part of Mehedinți); the western part of Banat is in northeastern Serbia (mostly included in Vojvodina, except for a small part included in the Belgrade Region); and a small northern part lies within southeastern Hungary (Csongrád-Csanád County).

The region's historical ethnic diversity was severely affected by the events of World War II. Today, Banat is mostly populated by ethnic Romanians, Serbs and Hungarians, but small populations of other ethnic groups also live in the region. Nearly all are citizens of either Serbia, Romania or Hungary.
Kuala Lumpur Po Leung Kuk
Kuala Lumpur Po Leung Kuk was a charitable organization established in 1895 in British Malaya to protect Chinese women and girls from exploitation, particularly those who were survivors of abduction or trafficking. The committee was formed under the administration of Mrs. Daly, reflecting a broader regional movement initiated by local Chinese communities across the British colonies in Asia to safeguard vulnerable individuals.

The founding of the Kuala Lumpur branch followed the establishment of the original Po Leung Kuk in Hong Kong in 1878, which was petitioned for by local Chinese residents and supported by then-Governor John Pope Hennessy to rescue kidnapped victims and protect the innocent. The principal mission of Po Leung Kuk societies throughout the region was to care for young women and uphold their safety and dignity.

John Pope Hennessy
Sir John Pope Hennessy KCMG (Chinese: 軒尼詩; 8 August 1834 – 7 October 1891), was an Irish politician and colonial administrator who served as the eighth Governor of Hong Kong and the fifteenth Governor of Mauritius.
Hypostomus ventromaculatus
Hypostomus ventromaculatus, commonly known as the wara wara, is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the coastal drainages of the Guianas, ranging from the Oyapock to the Suriname River, in French Guiana, Suriname, and Brazil.

Hypostomus ventromaculatus is known to occur in the lower reaches of rivers near and in brackish water, being particularly abundant in estuaries. It is typically found in environments with dead tree trunks and flooded vegetation, although it is also known from the muddy bottoms of banks dominated by the plant Montrichardia arborescens, where it is known to coexist with Loricaria cataphracta and Pimelodus blochii. It is believed to be a facultative air-breather, using its stomach as an accessory breathing organ. It is known to feed primarily on algae, although it also consumes protozoa, rotifers, nematodes, and small arthropods. The species reaches 25 cm (9.8 inches) in standard length.

Montrichardia arborescens
Montrichardia arborescens, the yautia madera, or moco-moco, is a tropical plant growing along river banks, swamps, or creeks. They consist of arrow shaped leaves that are food sources for some animal species. The plant produces inflorescences which then leave a fruit of Montrichardia arborescens which is edible and can be cooked.  Its fruiting spadices produces large infructescences, which contain about 80 edible yellow fruit.
Lucky Kgabi
Lucky Mpho Kgabi is a South African politician who represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from November 2008 to May 2009. He was sworn in to replace Kgalema Motlanthe, who ceded his seat after being elected President, and he vacated the assembly after the 2009 general election.

In 2018, Kgabi emerged as a prominent figure in an overt campaign to oust Supra Mahumapelo, then the Premier and ANC Provincial Chairperson in the North West Province. He was a founder and leader of the Revolutionary Council, a civil society group – officially non-partisan, but dominated by ANC members – which arranged protests against Mahumapelo's administration and purported to collect information about Mahumapelo's misconduct in office. After Mahumapelo was removed during violent protests, he sued Kgabi and two other leading members of the group for R10 million, alleging that they had defamed him.

Provincial Executive Committees of the African National Congress
The Provincial Executive Committees (PECs) of the African National Congress (ANC) are the chief executive organs of the party's nine provincial branches. Comprising the so-called “Top Five” provincial officials and up to 30 additional elected members, each is structured similarly to the party's National Executive Committee (NEC) and is elected every four years at party provincial conferences.

The “Top Five” officials at the head of each PEC are the ANC Provincial Chairperson, the political leader of the party in the province; the ANC Provincial Secretary, a full-time party functionary; their respective deputies; and the Provincial Treasurer. With some notable exceptions, especially under President Thabo Mbeki, the Provincial Chairperson often becomes the ANC's candidate for election as Premier in the corresponding provincial government, and other members of the PEC are often appointed to the provincial cabinet as Members of the Executive Council.
Peeter Koemets
Peeter Koemets (13 January 1868 Vana-Antsla Parish, Võru County – 1950 Omsk Oblast, Russia) was an Estonian Lutheran clergyman and politician. He was a member of I Riigikogu and former Mayor of Vana-Antsla Parish. His younger brother was politician Kael Koemets.

1st Riigikogu
The 1st Riigikogu was the first legislature of the Estonian Parliament (Riigikogu). The legislature was elected after 1920 elections (held on 27–29 November 1920). It sat between 20 December 1920 and 30 May 1923, before the next round of elections were held.
COBAP Boxing Club
COBAP Boxing Club is a Mengo (Kasubi)-based boxing club that trains youths in the boxing sport.  The club has participated in a number of championships among which include: Uganda National Open Boxing Championship, Africa Boxing Championships, Nelson Mandela Boxing Cup, and National Juniors Championship among others. The club is regulated by national sports agencies like Uganda Boxing Federation and National Council of Sports.  COBAP Boxing Club also obtained numerous victories at different championships like the Uganda National Open Boxing Championships emerging as winners at the 2024 competitions.

National Open Boxing Championship (Uganda)
The National Open Boxing Championship is the premier annual amateur boxing competition in Uganda, organized by the Uganda Boxing Federation (UBF). It brings together hundreds of boxers from across the country and is regarded as the primary pathway into the Uganda Boxing Champions League.
Saldías station
Saldías is a railway station located at the boundary between the Recoleta and Palermo barrios of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The station is part of Belgrano Norte Line, between Retiro and Ciudad Universitaria stations.

Palermo, Buenos Aires
Palermo is a barrio or neighborhood of Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is located in the north of the city, near the Río de la Plata.

It has a total land area of 17.4 km2 and a population of 249,016. It is the only barrio within the administrative division of Comuna 14.

Palermo is perhaps best known as the polo capital of the world. Each year, in November, the city hosts the Argentine Polo Open, commonly known as the Palermo Open.
2022 Virginia Cavaliers women's soccer team
The 2022 Virginia Cavaliers women's soccer team represented the University of Virginia during the 2022 NCAA Division I women's soccer season. The Cavaliers were led by head coach Steve Swanson, in his twenty third season. They played home games at Klöckner Stadium. This was the team's 37th season playing organized women's college soccer and their 35th playing in the Atlantic Coast Conference.

The team finished 16–4–3 overall and 6–2–2 in ACC play to finish in a tie for fourth place.  As the fourth-seed in the ACC Tournament, they hosted Duke in the First Round and lost 2–1.  They received an at-large bid to the NCAA Tournament, where they were the third-seed in the UCLA Bracket.  They defeated Fairleigh Dickinson in the First Round, Xavier in the Second Round, two-seed Penn State in the Round of 16 before falling to eventual champions UCLA in the Quarterfinals to end their season.

2022 NCAA Division I women's soccer season
The 2022 NCAA Division I women's soccer season was the 41st season of NCAA championship women's college soccer.

The season began on August 18, 2022, and concluded on November 6, 2022.  It culminated with the 2022 NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament, with the College Cup being held at WakeMed Soccer Park in Cary, North Carolina.

Florida State were the defending NCAA Champions.
Terminal A
Terminal A is an American synth punk musical duo based in San Pedro, California that formed in 2012.

They have toured nationally, including performances at SXSW and Tulsa Overground Festival and have opened for Sleaford Mods, Chrome, Modern English, and Adult.

Their debut EP, entitled Pacific Water & Power, was released in 2014 on Records Ad Nauseam. In 2015 they released a four-way split on Resurrection Records, and a collaboration with poet/performance artist Sheree Rose. The band has been the subject of features in publications such as Flaunt Magazine and The Fader, as well as being listed by LA Weekly as one of the top 15 bands of 2015.

The Fader has described their sound as "minimal electronic beats with gritty guitar riffs and bellowing vocals. The result is a style that lands somewhere between anarcho-punks Flux of Pink Indians and avant-dance legends Kraftwerk."

The Fader
The Fader (stylised as The FADER) is a magazine established in 1999 as an outlet for Cornerstone Agency, a marketing and public relations firm established by Rob Stone and Jon Cohen. The magazine covers music, style and culture.
Spirit of 1917
The Spirit of 1917 was the alleged jubilation in the United States after entering World War I. It involved nostalgia for the feelings of the Spirit of '76.

Monsignor Joseph Tonello, an Italian Roman Catholic priest and musician who had settled in the US in the 19th century, published the musical composition Spirit of 1917 that year. In its introduction, he explained that the piece was inspired by the "terrible condition of humanity in Europe" and the "resolution of the American people to stop misery and carnage and bring honorable peace and prosperity to the world."

The Spirit of 1917 was also evoked by Caliban News, a publication circulated on 9 July 1917 to promote the Boston production of Caliban by the Yellow Sands, a patriotic "community masque" by Percy MacKaye. The Spirit of 1917 was said to be that of the "Caliban Community," the term used by the promoters to describe the participants in the masque.

Spirit of '76 (sentiment)
The Spirit of '76 is a patriotic sentiment typified by the zeitgeist surrounding the American Revolution. It refers to the attitude of self-determination and individual liberty made manifest in the U.S. Declaration of Independence.
Bruce Cumming
Bruce Leonard Cumming (11 July 1916 – 5 May 1968) was a South African cricketer who played first-class cricket from 1936 to 1938 for Oxford University and Sussex.

Cumming was born in Germiston, Transvaal, and educated at Michaelhouse in Natal before going to Oxford. He appeared in 24 first-class matches as a right-handed batsman. He scored 684 runs with a highest score of 60 and took two wickets with his occasional medium-pace bowling.

Michaelhouse
Michaelhouse is a full boarding senior school for boys founded in 1896. It is located in the Balgowan valley in the Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The Spear's Schools Index 2025 recognises Michaelhouse as one of the world's 100 leading private schools (Rest of the World category), for demonstrating excellence in academics, innovation and student development.