hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thindh
Thindh is a village in Batala in Gurdaspur district of Punjab State, India. It is located 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from sub district headquarter, 40 kilometres (25 mi) from district headquarter and 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) from Sri Hargobindpur. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

Sri Hargobindpur
Sri Hargobindpur is a town and a municipal council in Gurdaspur district in the Indian state of Punjab. Situated on the banks of the Beas River
Sixth Guru of Sikhs Shri Guru Hargobind Sahib ji established this city on the land bought by his father and fifth guru, Shri Guru Arjan Dev Sahib ji, the city is also the erstwhile capital of the Ramgarhia Misl.

The Gurudwara Dhamdama Sahib stands at the site of the battle of Hargobindpur fought between Sikh forces led by Guru Hargobind and Mughal forces in 1630.
Peter Corning
Peter Andrew Corning (born 1935) is an American biologist, consultant, and complex systems scientist, Director of the Institute for the Study of Complex Systems, in Seattle, Washington. He is known especially for his work on the causal role of synergy in evolution.

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
The Biological Journal of the Linnean Society is a direct descendant of the oldest biological journal in the world, the Transactions of the Linnean Society. It succeeded the earlier title in 1969. The journal specializes in evolution, and encompasses work across all taxonomic groups in all five kingdoms of living organisms. It includes all methods, whole-organism or molecular, practical or theoretical.

The journal is published by the Linnean Society of London.
Office of the Data Protection Ombudsman
The Data Protection Ombudsman (Finnish: Tietosuojavaltuutettu, Swedish: Dataombudsmannen) is a Finnish government agency responsible for monitoring compliance with data protection legislation and other laws related to the processing of personal data. The ombudsman has the authority to issue orders concerning the rights of data subjects and other issues related to personal data processing. Additionally, the ombudsman, together with two deputy data protection ombudsmen, forms the sanctions board, which has the power to impose administrative fines for violations of the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).

The Data Protection Ombudsman's Office operates under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Justice but functions independently in carrying out its duties and exercising its powers.

Information privacy
Information privacy, also known as data privacy or data protection, is the relationship between the collection and dissemination of data, technology, the public expectation of privacy, contextual information norms, and the legal and political issues surrounding them.

Various types of personal information often come under privacy concerns. Privacy concerns exist wherever personally identifiable information or other sensitive information is collected, stored, used, and finally destroyed or deleted – in digital form or otherwise. Improper or non-existent disclosure control can be the root cause for privacy issues. Informed consent mechanisms including privacy policies and dynamic consent are important in communicating to data subjects the different uses of their personally identifiable information.
Zbludza
Zbludza [ˈzblud͡za] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kamienica, within Limanowa County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

The village has an approximate population of 600.

Limanowa County
Limanowa County (Polish: powiat limanowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Limanowa, which lies 54 kilometres (34 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kraków. The only other town in the county is Mszana Dolna, lying 27 km (17 mi) west of Limanowa.The county is divided between Gorals in the territories of gmina Mszana Dolna and gmina Niedziewiedź and Lachs in the rest of the territory.

The county covers an area of 951.96 square kilometres (367.6 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 121,804, out of which the population of Limanowa is 15,157, that of Mszana Dolna is 7,944, and the rural population is 108,628.
Rolling Loud
Rolling Loud is an international hip hop music festival which has been held in Asia, North America, South America, Europe, and Australia. Established in 2015, it is "one of the biggest festivals in the world" according to Complex, while Billboard called it "the be-all of hip-hop festivals". In 2019, an estimated 210,000 people attended the event in Miami.

Zomato
Zomato (/zoʊˈmæˈtoʊ/ or /zoʊˈmɑːˈtoʊ/) is an Indian online food ordering and delivery service owned by Eternal Limited. Created in 2008 by Deepinder Goyal and Pankaj Chaddah, it began as a restaurant aggregator, providing menu information, user reviews, and recommendations, and expanding to more than 20 countries by 2015. In 2015, Zomato entered the food delivery market in India, which soon after became its core business.

As of 2023, Zomato provided food delivery and table reservation options in more than 800 Indian cities, with restaurant discovery services limited to the UAE following its exit from other international markets.
Gilbert de Stirling
Gilbert de Stirling was an early 13th-century bishop of Scotland. His background is unclear, perhaps coming from a burgess family of Stirling; he emerges in 1228 as the newly elected Bishop of Aberdeen, succeeding the recently deceased Adam de Kalder, after Matthew the Scot had turned down his own election in order to become Bishop of Dunkeld.

Most of the knowledge historians have about Bishop Gilbert's episcopate relates to various legal agreements made with other religious institutions, including confirmations of grants made to St Andrews Cathedral Priory and the Céli Dé of Monymusk, the latter made by Donnchadh, Earl of Mar. He also settled a dispute with the Bishop of Moray regarding certain rights in boundary churches.

He died at Aberdeen in 1239.

St Andrews Cathedral Priory
St Andrews Cathedral Priory was a priory of Augustinian canons in St Andrews, Fife, Scotland. It was one of the great religious houses in Scotland, and instrumental in the founding of the University of St Andrews.
Let's Dance (German TV series) season 13
The thirteenth season of Let's Dance started on February 21, 2020, and ended on May 22, 2020, on RTL. Daniel Hartwich and Victoria Swarovski returned as hosts. Joachim Llambi, Motsi Mabuse and Jorge González returned as the judges.

Dancing Stars 2020 were Lili Paul-Roncalli & Massimo Sinato.

Due to the COVID-19 epidemic in Germany, in week 3 on Friday 13 March 2020 in the studio were only family and Friends and beginning with week 4 on Friday 20 March 2020 and continuing indefinitely, all live shows aired without the audience in the studio. In the final were family and Friends in the studio, also the couples that were already eliminated were there.

Motsi Mabuse
Motshegetsi "Motsi" Mabuse (born 11 April 1981) is a South African dancer who lives in Germany. She is known for appearing on the German dance competition Let's Dance, originally as a professional dancer, and later as a judge on the show, a position she has held since 2011. Since 2019, she has served as a judge on the original version, Strictly Come Dancing.
Hartwig Hirschfeld
Hartwig Hirschfeld MRAS (Hebrew: נַפְתָּלִי הַארְטְוִויג בֵּן אַהֲרֹן הִירְשְׁפֵלְד; 18 December 1854 – 10 January 1934) was a Prussian-born British Orientalist, bibliographer, and educator. His particular scholarly interest lay in Arabic Jewish literature and in the relationship between Jewish and Arab cultures. He is best known for his editions of Judah Halevi's Kuzari—which he published in its original Judeo-Arabic and in Hebrew, German and English translations—and his studies on the Cairo Geniza.

Bibliography
Bibliography (from Ancient Greek: βιβλίον, romanized: biblion, lit. 'book' and -γραφία, -graphía, 'writing'), as a discipline, is traditionally the academic study of books as physical, cultural objects; in this sense, it is also known as bibliology (from Ancient Greek: -λογία, romanized: -logía). English author and bibliographer John Carter describes bibliography as a word having two senses: one, a list of books for further study or of works consulted by an author (or enumerative bibliography); the other one, applicable for collectors, is "the study of books as physical objects" and "the systematic description of books as objects" (or descriptive bibliography).
Aníbal González Paz
Aníbal González Paz (died 16 January 1991, Buenos Aires) was a prolific Argentine cinematographer and photographer.

Paz photographed almost 75 major films in Argentina between 1947 and 1966 including the 1954 film The Grandfather which starred actors such as Enrique Muino and Mecha Ortiz.

He died in 1991 in Buenos Aires.

Enrique Muiño
Enrique Muiño (July 5, 1881 – May 24, 1956) was a classic Spanish-Argentine actor who appeared in film between 1913 and his death in 1956. He is one of the greatest actors of the Golden Age of Argentine cinema.

Born in A Laracha, Spain, Muiño moved to Buenos Aires in Argentina and began a career in film. He made over 20 film appearances in Argentina and the United States, playing lead roles in films such as the 1954 film, The Grandfather with Mecha Ortiz, and Su mejor alumno (1944) for which he won the Silver Condor Award for Best Actor at the 1945 Argentine Film Critics Association Awards.

He died in Buenos Aires, Argentina, aged 74.
Opinion polling on the incumbent Tusk government
The incumbent Tusk government came to power in 2023, elected in the 2023 Polish parliamentary election, succeeding the short-lived third Morawiecki cabinet. Throughout its period in governance, several polling agencies conducted opinion polls researching support for issues regarding its time in power.

Opinion poll
An opinion poll, often simply referred to as a survey or a poll, is a human research survey of public opinion from a particular sample. Opinion polls are usually designed to represent the opinions of a population by conducting a series of questions and then extrapolating generalities in ratio or within confidence intervals. A person who conducts polls is referred to as a pollster.
Suvi Do (Niš)
Suvi Do (Serbian Cyrillic: Суви До) is a suburban neighbourhood located within the Palilula municipality in the city of Niš, in the Nišava District of Serbia. This neighbourhood is situated approximately 6 kilometers southeast of downtown Niš.

Palilula, Niš
Palilula (Serbian Cyrillic: Палилула, pronounced [pǎlilula]) is one of five city municipalities which constitute the city of Niš. It has a population of 73,801 inhabitants. It was formed on 6 June 2002.
Bhaggolokkhi
Bhaggolokkhi is an Indian Bengali language television series produced under the banner of Shashi Mittal and Sumeet Hukamchand Mittal of Shashi Sumeet Productions. It aired from 31 August 2020 to 21 March 2021 on Star Jalsha. It is a remake of Star Vijay's Tamil series Pandian Stores. The series starred Rahul Majumder and Sharly Modak.

Pandian Stores
Pandian Stores is a 2018 Indian Tamil-language soap opera airing on Star Vijay. The series has two seasons. Season 2 Pandian Stores 2 was a spin-off of Season 1 but with different plot and characters.

The first season premiered on 1 October 2018 and ended on 28 October 2023. It stars Stalin Muthu, Sujitha, Venkat Renganathan, Hema Rajkumar, Kumaran Thangarajan, V. J. Chitra, Saravana Vickram and VJ Deepika.
Iphigenia Photaki
Iphigenia Photaki (Greek: Ιφιγένεια Φωτάκη, pronounced [ifiˈʝeni.a foˈtaki]; also known after marriage as Iphigenia Vourvidou-Photaki, Greek: Ιφιγένεια Βουρβίδου-Φωτάκη; 1921–1983) was a Greek organic chemist remembered for her contributions in peptide chemical synthesis, especially in the synthesis of biologically/enzymatically active peptides.

Photaki was in 1965 the fourth woman overall to be habilitated in a scientific discipline in Greece, and the second to do so in the field of Chemistry. She specialised in peptide synthesis, influenced by her mentor and doctoral advisor Leonidas Zervas, a global authority on the subject. After distinguished research in Basel, Athens, and later Cornell, Photaki eventually rose to Professor of Organic Chemistry and Head of the Laboratory of Organic Chemistry of the University of Athens.

Benzyl chloroformate
Benzyl chloroformate, also known as benzyl chlorocarbonate or Z-chloride, is the benzyl ester of chloroformic acid. It can be also described as the chloride of the benzyloxycarbonyl (Cbz or Z) group. In its pure form it is a water-sensitive oily colorless liquid, although impure samples usually appear yellow. It possesses a characteristic pungent odor and degrades in contact with water.

The compound was first prepared by Leonidas Zervas in the early 1930s who used it for the introduction of the benzyloxycarbonyl protecting group, which became the basis of the Bergmann-Zervas carboxybenzyl method of peptide synthesis he developed with Max Bergmann. This was the first successful method of controlled peptide chemical synthesis and for twenty years it was the dominant procedure used worldwide until the 1950s. To this day, benzyl chloroformate is often used for amine group protection.
Nulles
Nulles (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈnuʎəs]) is a municipality in the comarca of Alt Camp, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain. It has a population of 552 (register office, 2024) .

The old winery of Nulles, also known in Catalonia as one of the Wine Cathedrals, was built in Modernisme and Noucentisme, designed by architect Cèsar Martinell.

Winery
A winery is a building or property that produces wine, or a business involved in the cultivation and production of wine, such as a wine company. Some wine companies own many wineries. Besides wine making equipment, larger wineries may also feature warehouses, bottling lines, laboratories, and large expanses of tanks known as tank farms. Wineries may have existed as long as 8,000 years ago.
Timeline of the International Crimes Tribunal (Bangladesh)
The International Crimes Tribunal (ICT) is an ongoing tribunal in Bangladesh that aims to investigate and administer justice regarding the war crimes, crimes against humanity, genocide and crimes against peace committed by Pakistan army and their local collaborators Razakar, Al-Badr, Al-Shams during the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971. In 2008's public election, one of the principal electoral manifestos of the Awami League was to initiate the trial process of war criminals. As promised, a member of parliament from Awami League submitted the proposal of the trial of war criminals on 29 January 2009 in National Parliament and the proposal was accepted unanimously. Thirty-nine years after the start of the Bangladesh Liberation War, on 25 March 2010, the tribunal, attorney panel and investigation organization were formed for the trial of the ones accused of war crimes.

The timeline of this tribunal has been enumerated in this article.

Al-Badr (East Pakistan)
The Al-Badr (Bengali: আল-বদর, romanised: āl-badara; Urdu: البدر, romanised: al-badar, lit. 'The Full moon') was an East Pakistani militia composed mainly of pro-Pakistan militants (mostly Muslim Biharis and Muhajirs), which operated in East Pakistan against the Bengali nationalist movement during the Bangladesh War of Independence, under the patronage of the Government of Pakistan.
Regina v Rumpole
Regina v Rumpole is a 1981 collection of short stories by John Mortimer about defence barrister Horace Rumpole. They were adapted from his scripts for the TV series of the same name.
The stories were:

"Rumpole and the Boat People"

"Rumpole and the Confession of Guilt"

"Rumpole and the Dear Departed"

"Rumpole and the Expert Witness"

"Rumpole and the Gentle Art of Blackmail"

"Rumpole and the Rotten Apple"

"Rumpole and the Spirit of Christmas"

The collection also includes the novel Rumpole's Return. The collection was reissued in 1982 without that novel as Rumpole for the Defence.

John Mortimer
Sir John Clifford Mortimer (21 April 1923 – 16 January 2009) was a British barrister, dramatist, screenwriter and author. He is best known for short stories about a barrister named Horace Rumpole, adapted from episodes of the TV series Rumpole of the Bailey also written by Mortimer.
Maximum score estimator
In statistics and econometrics, the maximum score estimator is a nonparametric estimator for discrete choice models developed by Charles Manski in 1975. Unlike the multinomial probit and multinomial logit estimators, it makes no assumptions about the distribution of the unobservable part of utility. However, its statistical properties (particularly its asymptotic distribution) are more complicated than the multinomial probit and logit models, making statistical inference difficult. To address these issues, Joel Horowitz proposed a variant, called the smoothed maximum score estimator.

Joel Horowitz
Joel Horowitz is the  Charles E. and Emma H. Morrison Professor of Economics at Northwestern University (US).  The focus of his research has been on estimation and inference where knowledge of data generating process is rather weak, on inference where sample sizes are limited and to improve estimation and inference by the use of economic theory informed restrictions. He is also a Fellow of both the Econometric Society and of the American Statistical Association.

The Econometrics Journal celebrated Horowitz's work and contributions to many areas of econometrics and statistics.  They specifically listed bootstrap methods, semi-parametric and non-parametric estimation, specification testing, non-parametric instrumental variables, estimation of high-dimensional models, and functional data analysis. (Chen et al. 2014)

He served as Co-Editor of tow of the leading econometrics journals

Econometrica 2000- 2004

Econometric Theory 1992–2000.
Bhitargarh
Bhitargarh (Bengali: ভিতরগড়) is an archaeological site that includes the remains of an ancient fort city built in and around the 5th century AD. It is located in Panchagarh District in Rangpur Division in the northern part of Bangladesh and is large enough that it can be seen from space.  The archaeological significance of the site lies in its strategic position as an intersection of the trade routes between Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan and the middle and lower Ganges Valley. At its height the city stretched over 5 km by 3 km and involved rerouting the Talma River.

Indo-Gangetic Plain
The Indo-Gangetic Plain, also known as the North Indian Plain or the Indus-Gangetic Plain, is a fertile plain spanning 700,000 km2 (270,000 sq mi) across the northern and north-eastern part of the Indian subcontinent. It encompasses northern and eastern India, eastern Pakistan, southern Nepal, and almost all of Bangladesh. It is named after the two major river systems that drain the region–Indus and Ganges.

It stretches from the Himalayas in the north to the northern edge of the Deccan Plateau in the south, and extends from North East India in the east to the Iranian border in the west. The region is home to many major cities and nearly one-seventh of the world's population. As the region was formed by the deposits of the three major rivers–Indus, Ganges and Brahmaputra, the plains consist of the world's largest expanse of uninterrupted alluvium. Due to its rich water resources, it is one of the world's most densely populated and intensely farmed areas.
1979 Cork City by-election
A by-election was held in the Dáil constituency of Cork City in Ireland on Wednesday, 7 November 1979. It followed the death of Labour TD Patrick Kerrigan on 4 July 1979.

The writ of election was moved by Labour TD Barry Desmond on 17 October 1979 and was agreed by the Dáil.

The by-election was won by Fine Gael candidate Liam Burke.

It was held on the same day as the 1979 Cork North-East by-election. Both by-elections were won by Fine Gael candidates.

Barry Desmond
Barry Desmond (born 15 May 1935) is an Irish former Labour Party politician who was Minister for Health from 1982 to 1987 and Minister for Social Welfare from 1982 to 1986. He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) from 1969 to 1989, a Minister of State from 1981 to 1982, a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Dublin from 1989 to 1994, and Ireland's member of the European Court of Auditors from 1994 to 2000.
Zamora River
The Zamora River (Spanish: Río Zamora) is a tributary of the Santiago River located in the south-east of Ecuador. Historically, it was known to the Spanish as Yaya Mayu ("Father River"), from the river's name among a group of Shuar encountered nearby.

The sources of the Zamora River are in the Podocarpus National Park, specifically at the Nudo de Cajanuma. The river then descends towards the city of Loja. It crosses the provinces of Loja, Zamora-Chinchipe (wherein lies the city of Zamora) and Morona-Santiago, where it empties into the Santiago.

Zamora-Chinchipe Province
Zamora Chinchipe (Spanish pronunciation: [saˈmoɾa tʃinˈtʃipe]), Province of Zamora Chinchipe is a province of the Republic
of Ecuador, located at the southeastern end of the Amazon Basin, which shares borders with the Ecuadorian provinces of Azuay and Morona Santiago to the north, Loja and Azuay to the west, and with Peru to the east and south.  The province comprises an area of approximately 10,559 km² and is covered with a uniquely mountainous topography which markedly distinguishes it from the surrounding Amazonian provinces.  Zamora-Chinchipe is characterized and largely identified by its mining industry; indigenous ethnic groups with a rich archaeological legacy; its  biodiversity; and its niche and tourist attractions, which include a number of waterfalls well-noted for their beauty.  The province takes its name from the administrative fusion of the Zamora and Chinchipe cantons.  The provincial capital is the city of Zamora.
Vishwakarma community
The Vishwakarma community are a social group of India, sometimes described as a caste. They claim to be Brahmin or of high-status in the caste hierarchy, although these claims are not generally accepted outside the community. The community comprises five subgroups—carpenters, blacksmiths, bronze smiths, goldsmiths and stonemasons— claiming to be descendants of Vishvakarma, a Hindu deity.

Tarkhan
Tarkhan (Old Turkic: 𐱃𐰺𐰴𐰣, romanized: Tarqan, Mongolian: ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ Darqan or Darkhan; Persian: ترخان; Chinese: 達干/達爾罕/答剌罕; Arabic: ترخان; Punjabi: ترکھاݨ; alternative spellings Tarkan, Tarkhaan, Tarqan, Tarchan, Turxan, Tarcan, Turgan, Tárkány, Tarján, Tarxan) is an ancient Central Asian title used by various Turkic, Hungarian, Mongolic, and Iranian peoples. Its use was common among the successors of the Mongol Empire and Turkic Khaganate.
Al-Mal News
Al-Mal News (Arabic: جريدة المال, lit. “The Money News”) is a daily Egyptian newspaper focused on the economy. It covers the stock market, corporations, the economy of Egypt, retail, banking, insurance, transportation, investment, information and communications technology, and some political and other news.

Al-Mal was founded as an independent weekly paper on August 18, 2002, but its first issue came out on March 16, 2003. On January 14, 2008, it converted to daily publication. Al-Mal News is the largest provider of business journalism in Egypt, employing 130 journalists, developers, designers, and experts across a broad range of print and online platforms and across social media 24/7.

Business journalism
Business journalism is the part of journalism that tracks, records, analyzes, and interprets the business, economic and financial activities and changes that take place in societies. Topics widely cover the entire purview of all commercial activities related to the economy.

This area of journalism provides news and feature articles about people, places, and issues related to the business sector. Newspapers, magazines, radio, and television-news shows can include a business segment. Detailed and in-depth business journalism may appear in publications, radio, and television channels dedicated specifically to business and financial journalism.