hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Keith F. Hughes
Keith F. Hughes (July 27, 1936 – September 21, 2021) was an American politician and lawyer.

Hughes was born in St. Cloud, Minnesota and graduated the Cathedral High School in St. Cloud. Hughes served in the Reserve Officers' Training Corps while going to college and then served in the Minnesota National Guard. He received his bachelor's degree from College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University in Collegeville, Minnesota and his law degree from University of Minnesota Law School. He practiced law in St. Cloud and lived with his wife and family in St. Cloud. Hughes served in the Minnesota Senate from 1965 to 1972. Hughes died at the St. Cloud Hospital in St. Cloud, Minnesota.

College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University
The College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University (CSBSJU) are two closely related private, Benedictine liberal arts colleges in Minnesota. The College of Saint Benedict is a college for women in St. Joseph and Saint John's University is a university for men in Collegeville. Students at the institutions have a shared curriculum and access to the resources of both campuses. Together, the College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University offer over 70 areas of study to undergraduate students, plus graduate programs in nursing and theology.
ECL (data-centric programming language)
ECL (Enterprise Control Language) is a declarative, data-centric programming language designed in 2000 to allow a team of programmers to process big data across a high performance computing cluster without the programmer being involved in many of the lower level, imperative decisions.

LexisNexis
LexisNexis is an American data analytics company headquartered in New York, New York. Its products are various databases that are accessed through online portals, including portals for computer-assisted legal research (CALR), newspaper search, and consumer information. During the 1970s, LexisNexis began to make legal and journalistic documents more accessible electronically. As of 2006, the company had the world's largest electronic database for legal and public-records–related information. The company is a subsidiary of RELX.
KOSU
KOSU (91.7 FM) is a public radio station operated by Oklahoma State University, with studios inside room number 303 of the Paul Miller Building on OSU's campus on West Hall of Fame Avenue in Stillwater, Oklahoma and on North Kien Avenue in the western edge of Downtown Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.  The station broadcasts a mix of National Public Radio news, talk radio and adult album alternative (AAA) music from The Spy FM. The primary transmitter for the station is located about 3 miles west of the community of Seward, Oklahoma (between the cities of Guthrie and Edmond).

KOSU is one of several NPR member stations serving the Oklahoma City Metroplex, and the only NPR news and talk station to cover most of the market with its primary signal.  The station's programming also airs on full-time satellites KOSN 107.5 FM in Ketchum, which serves the Tulsa area, KOSR 88.3 FM in Stillwater, K235CG 94.9 FM in Ponca City, and K297AQ 107.3 FM in Bixby.

Adult album alternative
Adult album alternative (also triple-A, AAA, or adult alternative) is a radio format. Its roots trace to both the "classic album stations of the '70s as well as the alternative rock format that developed in the '80s." AAA programming is carried on more than 150 broadcast outlets in the United States, with a roughly even split between commercial and public stations.
Tell Sifr
Tell Sifr  is an ancient Near East archaeological site in Dhi Qar Governorate Iraq generally thought to be the small ancient town of Kutalla. It lies about nine miles east from the ancient city of Larsa. The city lay on a branch of the ancient Iturungal canal that also runs to Bad-tibira.

"Two effluents took off from the left bank of the Iturungal, the Id-Ninaki-gen-a, which over Bzeikh (Zabalam) flowed to Telloh (Girsu), al Hibba (Uru-ku, Lagas?), and Surghul (Nina), and an anonymous branch which takes off from a point north of Mansuriyah, passes well to the east of Madi-nah (Bäd-tibira), and continues south-east down to a small mound also called Madi-nah. A branch takes off from the right bank and runs to Tell Sifr (Kutalla)."

Not to be confused with the Iron Age site of Tell Sifr near Aleppo in Syria.

Dhi Qar Governorate
Dhi Qar Governorate (Arabic: محافظة ذي قار, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Ḏī Qār, Arabic: [muħaːfaðˤat ðiː qaːr]) is a governorate in southern Iraq, in the Arabian Peninsula. The provincial capital is Nasiriyah. Prior to 1976 the governorate was known as Muntafiq Governorate. Dhi Qar was the heartland of the ancient Iraqi civilization of Sumer, and includes the ruins of Ur, Eridu, Lagash, Larsa, Girsu, Umma, and Bad-tibira. The southern area of the governorate is covered by Mesopotamian Marshes. The governorate also includes the recently established Ur Tourist City, a modern heritage and tourism hub located beside the archaeological site of ancient Ur.
Jerzy Nowosielski
Jerzy Nowosielski (Polish: [ˈjɛʐɨ nɔvɔˈɕɛlskʲi]; born 7 January 1923 – 
died 21 February 2011) was a Polish painter, graphic artist, scenographer, illustrator and Eastern Orthodox theologian. He is regarded among the greatest contemporary Polish icon painters.

Greek Catholic Church
The Greek-Catholic Churches, which fall within the "Eastern Catholic Churches" or "Catholic Churches of Eastern rite", constitute the corpus of churches in communion with the Bishop of Rome and observing, by long tradition, the Byzantine Rite. They are still called "Greek-Catholic" to highlight the "Greek" rite (as the Byzantine rite was called in the past, having the Greek koinè as the common ecclesiastical lingua franca of the various Christian peoples of the East) and the union with the papacy.
Mount Ibu
Mount Ibu (Indonesian: Gunung Ibu) is a stratovolcano at the north-west coast of Halmahera island, Indonesia. The summit is truncated and contains nested craters. The inner crater is 1 km (0.62 mi) wide and 400 m (1,312 ft) deep, while the outer is 1.2 km (0.75 mi) wide. A large parasitic cone is at the north-east of the summit and a smaller one at the south-west. The latter feeds a lava flow down the west flank. A group of maars are on the western and northern side of the volcano. Mount Ibu sits within the Pacific Ocean's "Ring of Fire" that has 127 active volcanoes.

Volcanic crater
A volcanic crater is an approximately circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity. It is typically a bowl-shaped feature containing one or more vents. During volcanic eruptions, molten magma and volcanic gases rise from an underground magma chamber, through a conduit, until they reach the crater's vent, from where the gases escape into the atmosphere and the magma is erupted as lava. A volcanic crater can be of large dimensions and sometimes of great depth. During certain types of explosive eruptions, a volcano's magma chamber may empty enough for an area above it to subside, forming a type of larger depression known as a caldera.
1391 Yellow River flood
The 1391 Yellow River flood was a major natural disaster during the early Ming dynasty in China.

The river flooded from Kaifeng to Fengyang in Anhui and shifted course, with the old route past Xuzhou becoming known as the "Little Yellow River" and the new main artery running into the Huai River becoming the "Big Yellow River".

Huai River
The Huai River, formerly romanized as the Hwai, is a major river in East China, about 1,110 km (690 mi) long with a drainage area of 174,000 km2 (67,000 sq mi). It is located about midway between the Yellow River and Yangtze River, the two longest rivers and largest drainage basins in China. Historically draining eastwards directly into the Yellow Sea, erosion from floods have changed the course of the river such that it now primarily discharges into the Yangtze. The Huai River is, to this day, notoriously vulnerable to flooding.

The Qinling–Huaihe Line, formed by the Huai River and the Qin Mountains, is sometimes regarded as the geographical dividing line between northern and southern China. This line approximates the 0 °C (32 °F) January isotherm and the 800 millimeters (30 in) isohyet in China.
Gonimbrasia belina
Gonimbrasia belina is a species of emperor moth which is native to the warmer parts of southern Africa. Its large edible caterpillar, known as the mopane worm, madora, amacimbi, pigeon moth or masonja, feeds primarily but not exclusively on mopane tree leaves. Mopane worms are an important source of protein for many in the region. The species was first scientifically described by John O. Westwood in 1849.

Kalanga language
Kalanga, or TjiKalanga (in Zimbabwe), is a Bantu language spoken by the Kalanga people in Botswana and Zimbabwe which belongs to the Shonic (Shona-Nyai) branch of the Bantu languages, within the Niger-Congo languages. It has an extensive phoneme inventory, which includes palatalised, velarised, aspirated and breathy-voiced consonants, as well as whistled sibilants.

Kalanga is recognized as an official language by the Zimbabwean Constitution of 2013 and is taught in schools in areas where its speakers predominate. The iKalanga language is closely related to the Nambya, TshiVenda, and KheLobedu languages of Zimbabwe and South Africa.
Rettig
Rettig (nickname of the greengrocer or radish farmer) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alvin Rettig (born 1963), American arena football player

Charles P. Rettig (born 1956), American attorney and Commissioner of Internal Revenue

Chase Rettig (born 1991), American football player

Haviv Rettig, Israeli-American journalist

James R. Rettig (1950–2022), American librarian

Otto Rettig (1894–1977), American baseball player

Raúl Rettig (1909–2000), Chilean politician and lawyer

Tommy Rettig (1941–1996), American child actor, computer software engineer and author

Fictional characters:

Lancer Rettig, fictional character in the novel Endymion by Dan Simmons

Raúl Rettig
Raúl Rettig Guissen (16 May 1909, in Temuco – 30 April 2000, in Santiago), was a Chilean politician and lawyer.

A member of the Radical Party, between 1938 and 1940 he served as undersecretary of the interior and, later, at the foreign affairs ministry. He was elected to the Senate in 1949. During the Unidad Popular government of President Salvador Allende, he served as ambassador to Brazil until the coup d'état of 11 September 1973.

During the early days of the government of Patricio Aylwin, he was appointed to chair the National Commission for Truth and Reconciliation, a truth commission set up to examine human rights violations committed under the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet. The commission's final report, known as the Rettig Report, was published on 9 February 1991.
George Wood (Yorkshire cricketer)
George William Wood (18 November 1862 – 4 December 1948) was an English first-class cricketer, who played two matches for Yorkshire County Cricket Club in 1895.

Born in Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Wood was a specialist wicket-keeper, who made his debut in a rain ruined against Sussex at Fartown, Huddersfield, where his batting was not called upon, and Yorkshire did not take the field. Batting at number eleven, he scored two runs and a duck and completed a stumping against Somerset at Headingley, a low scoring match won by the home team by 103 runs.

Wood died in Huddersfield, in December 1948, aged 86.

Stumped
Stumped is a method of dismissing a batter in cricket, in which the wicket-keeper puts down the wicket of the striker while the striker is out of their ground. It is governed by Law 39 of the Laws of Cricket.

Being "out of their ground" means no part of the batter's body, equipment or bat is touching the ground behind the crease.

Stumped is a special case of run out, but a stumping can only be affected by the wicket-keeper without the intervention of another fielder, when the striker is not attempting a run, and the ball must not be a no-ball. If the criteria for both stumped and run out are met, then the dismissal will be recorded as a stumping and credited to the bowler and wicket-keeper.

As always in cricket, one of the fielding team must appeal for the wicket by asking the umpires. It is the striker's end umpire who adjudicates all stumpings, and all run-out appeals at the striker's end.
Villadiezma
42°23′43″N 04°24′37″W﻿ / ﻿42.39528°N 4.41028°W﻿ / 42.39528; -4.41028

Villadiezma is a hamlet of Osorno la Mayor located in the province of Palencia, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2007 census (INE), the village has a population of 90 inhabitants.

Province of Palencia
Palencia is a province of northern Spain, in the northern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León in the north of the Iberian Peninsula. It is bordered by the provinces of León, Cantabria, Burgos, and Valladolid.
Frédéric Esther
Frédéric Esther (born 8 June 1972 in Meulan, France) is a French former boxer, who competed in the middleweight (– 75 kg) division. He represented his native country at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia, where he was stopped in the quarterfinales of the light middleweight division (– 71 kg) by eventual silver medalist Marian Simion of Romania.

Before turning professional in December 2000, Esther won the European title in 1998, and won the bronze medal at the 1999 World Amateur Boxing Championships in Houston, United States.

1998 European Amateur Boxing Championships
The Men's 1998 European Amateur Boxing Championships were held in Minsk, Belarus from May 17 to May 24. The 32nd edition of the bi-annual competition, in which 180 fighters from 38 countries participated this time, was organised by the European governing body for amateur boxing, EABA.
National Park Service ranger
National Park Service rangers are among the uniformed employees charged with protecting and preserving areas set aside in the National Park System by the United States Congress and the President of the United States. While all employees of the agency contribute to the National Park Service mission of preserving unimpaired the natural and cultural resources set aside by the American people for future generations, the term "park ranger" is traditionally used to describe all National Park Service employees who wear the uniform. Broadly speaking, all National Park Service rangers promote stewardship of the resources in their care—either voluntary stewardship via resource interpretation, or compliance with statute or regulation through law enforcement.  These comprise the two main disciplines of the ranger profession in the National Park Service.

Regulation
Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context. For example:

in government, typically regulation (or its plural) refers to the delegated legislation which is adopted to enforce primary legislation; including land-use regulation

in economy: regulatory economics

in finance: financial regulation

in business, industry self-regulation occurs through self-regulatory organizations and trade associations which allow industries to set and enforce rules with less government involvement; and,

in biology, gene regulation and metabolic regulation allow living organisms to adapt to their environment and maintain homeostasis;

in psychology, self-regulation theory is the study of how individuals regulate their thoughts and behaviors to reach goals.
A. R. Morlan
A. R. Morlan (January 3, 1958 – January 4/5, 2016; née, Arlette Renee Morlan, later, Ana Rose Morlan; pseudonyms Renee M. Charles, Ana Rose Morlan, and Karl-Rene Moore) was an American author of novels and short stories whose works of fiction have appeared in various magazines and anthologies. She wrote in a number of genres, including horror, science fiction, vampire, erotica, and gay erotica.

Otherwise Award
The Otherwise Award, originally known as the James Tiptree Jr. Award, is an American annual literary prize for works of science fiction or fantasy that expand or explore one's understanding of gender. It was initiated in February 1991 by science fiction authors Pat Murphy and Karen Joy Fowler, subsequent to a discussion at WisCon, a feminist SF conference.

In addition to the award itself, the judges publish an Honor List, which they describe as "a strong part of the award's identity", "used by many readers as a recommended reading list".

In 2024, the award administrators announced that they would be switching from a single winner each year to a shortlist of three to six winners.

The award was originally named for Alice B. Sheldon, who wrote under the pseudonym James Tiptree Jr. Due to controversy over the appropriateness of naming an award after Tiptree, the committee administering the award announced on October 13, 2019, that the award would be renamed the Otherwise Award.
Kingdoms of Elfin
Kingdoms of Elfin is a short story collection by English writer Sylvia Townsend Warner, published by the Viking Press in 1977, a year before her death. Many of the stories appeared originally in The New Yorker during the 1970s. The stories are an interconnected series of satirical fantasy stories detailing the manners of the fairy courts of Europe.  The collection was Warner's last published work.

The stories range across various traditional lands of Europe and beyond, including Brocéliande in Brittany, Elfhame in Scotland, Mynydd Preseli in Wales, the Forest of Arden and Bury St Edmunds in England, and as far away as the Peris of Persia.

Álfheimr
In Norse cosmology, Álfheimr (Old Norse: [ˈɑːlvˌhɛimz̠], "Land of the Elves" or "Elfland"; anglicized as Alfheim), also called "Ljósálfheimr" (Ljósálf[a]heimr [ˈljoːsˌɑːlv(ɑ)ˌhɛimz̠], "home of the Light Elves"), is home of the Light Elves.
Channel 4 branded TV stations in the United States
The following television stations in the United States brand as channel 4 (though neither using virtual channel 4 nor broadcasting on physical RF channel 4):

KTKB-LD in Tamuning, Guam

KVEO-DT2 Brownsville, Texas

KXJB-LD in Fargo, North Dakota

WCIV-DT2 in Charleston, South Carolina

WCYB-DT2 in Bristol, Virginia

WFTX-TV in Cape Coral, Florida

WGFL in High Springs, Florida

WNYA in Pittsfield, Massachusetts

WOTV in Battle Creek, Michigan

Radio frequency
Radio frequency (RF) is the oscillation rate of an alternating electric current or voltage or of a magnetic, electric or electromagnetic field or mechanical system in the frequency range from around 20 kHz to around 300 GHz. These are the frequencies at which energy from an oscillating current can radiate off a conductor into space as radio waves, so they are used in radio technology, among other uses.  Different sources specify different upper and lower bounds for the frequency range.
2007 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II – Pool A
Group A of the 2007 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II was one of two pools in the Europe/Africa Zone Group II of the 2007 Fed Cup. Three teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top team and the bottom two teams proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top teams played for advancement to Group I, while the bottom team faced potential relegation to Group III.

2007 Fed Cup
The 2007 Fed Cup was the 45th edition of the most important competition between national teams in women's tennis.

The final took place at the Luzhniki Palace of Sports in Moscow, Russia, on 15–16 September. The home team, Russia, defeated the defending champions, Italy, 0–4, giving Russia their third title in four years.
Huawei Ox Horn Campus
Huawei Ox Horn Campus is a European-themed model village constructed on the south shore of Songshan Lake, in Dongguan, Guangdong province, China.  It was constructed in the late-2010s to house the research and development offices of technology company Huawei.

There are twelve groups of buildings, based on European cities or regions, including Heidelberg Castle, and Cité Internationale Universitaire de Paris, plus one-to-one copies of the buildings of Bruges, Český Krumlov, Verona, Bologna, Budapest, Tallinn, and Granada.  The zones are connected together using a tram system modelled on trains supplied by Stadler Rail for the Jungfrau Railway in Switzerland.

Stadler Rail
Stadler Rail AG is a Swiss manufacturer of railway rolling stock based in Bussnang, Switzerland. Established with a focus on regional multiple unit trains and trams, the company has since diversified into the production of rapid transit, high-speed rail, intercity, and sleeper train vehicles. Stadler is also among the few remaining manufacturers of rack railway rolling stock. As of 2023, the company employed approximately 13,900 people worldwide.

Stadler Rail operates through 50 subsidiaries across 23 countries, including Algeria, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Austria, Poland, Spain, Czech Republic, Hungary, Belarus, and the United States. The company has also established joint ventures with INKA in Indonesia and Medha Servo Drives in India.
István Bárány
István Bárány (20 December 1907 – 21 February 1995) was a Hungarian swimmer who competed at the 1924, 1928 and 1932 Summer Olympics.

In 1924 he was twelfth in the 100 m freestyle. Four years later he won a silver medal in 100 m freestyle and was fourth in the 4×200 m freestyle relay. In 1932, he won a bronze medal in the 4×200 m freestyle relay and was eliminated in a semifinal of 100 m freestyle.

Between 1926 and 1931 Bárány won four European titles. In 1929 he became the second person, after Johnny Weissmuller, to swim 100 m within a minute. Bárány held a PhD in law and political science. From 1957 to 1959 he served as the general secretary of the Hungarian Swimming Association. He was also a national coach and an international referee and wrote more than 30 books on swimming. In 1978 he was inducted into the International Swimming Hall of Fame.

Swimming at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay
The men's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay was a swimming event held as part of the swimming at the 1928 Summer Olympics programme. It was the fifth appearance of the event, which was established in 1908. The competition was held on Saturday 11 August 1928.

Fifty-five swimmers from 13 nations competed.

Note: The International Olympic Committee medal database shows only these four swimmers from the United States as gold medalist. Paul Samson and David Young both swam in the semi-final are not credited with medals. Also the Japanese Kazuo Noda who swam in the semi-final is not listed as silver medalist.
1972 Davis Cup Eastern Zone
The Eastern Zone was one of the three regional zones of the 1972 Davis Cup.

11 teams entered the Eastern Zone, competing across 2 sub-zones. The winner of each sub-zones would play against each other to determine who would compete in the Inter-Zonal Zone against the winners of the Americas Zone and Europe Zone.

Australia defeated Japan in the Zone A final, and India defeated Malaysia in the Zone B final. In the Eastern Inter-Zonal final, Australia defeated India and progressed to the Inter-Zonal Zone.

India Davis Cup team
The India Davis Cup team represents India in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by the All India Tennis Association.

India competed in its first Davis Cup in 1921. India finished as runners-up 3 times (1966, 1974, 1987), the most by any nation from Asia proper. In 1974, the final was scratched and South Africa were awarded the Davis Cup after India refused to participate in the final due to the South African government's apartheid policies. India were strong favorites to win with Vijay Amritraj and Anand Amritraj at their best.

Only Romania and India have contested more than one final without being crowned champion. In the 1974 Eastern Zone Final, India and Australia established a record for the most number of games in a tie, 327.