hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2011 Kurdish protests in Iraq
The 2011 Kurdish protests in Iraq (Sorani Kurdish: خۆپیشاندانی ١٧ی شوباتی ٢٠١١) were a series of demonstrations and riots against the Kurdistan Regional Government in Iraqi Kurdistan. The autonomous region experienced protests that were concurrent with the 2011 Iraqi protests and the wider Arab Spring. The Iraqi Kurdish protests were also related to the 2011 Kurdish protests in Turkey and the 2011–2012 Iranian protests, as well as the civil uprising phase of the Syrian Civil War.

Central Kurdish
Central Kurdish, also known as Sorani Kurdish, is a Kurdish language variety spoken in Iraq, mainly in Iraqi Kurdistan, as well as the Iranian provinces of Kurdistan, Kermanshah, and West Azerbaijan. Central Kurdish is one of the two official languages of Iraq, along with Arabic, and is in administrative documents simply referred to as "Kurdish".

The term Sorani, named after the Soran Emirate, refers to a variety of Central Kurdish based on the dialect spoken in Slemani. Central Kurdish is written in the Kurdo-Arabic alphabet, an adaptation of the Arabic script developed in the 1920s by Sa'ed Sidqi Kaban and Taufiq Wahby.
Pavlovich (surname)
Pavlovich is an anglicized form or transliteration of the Slavic surnames Pavlović/Павловић (Serbo-Croatian) and Pavlovič/Павлович/Паўловіч/Павлович (Slovenian/Russian/Belarusian/Bulgarian). Notable people with the surname include:

Nicolás Pavlovich (born 1978), Argentine footballer

Parteniy Pavlovich (circa 1695 – 1760), Bulgarian Eastern Orthodox bishop

Paul Pavlovich (born 1970), American artist

Veronika Pavlovich (born 1978), Belarusian table tennis player

Viktoria Pavlovich (born 1978), Belarusian table tennis player

Vladislav Pavlovich (born 1971), Russian fencer

Claudia Pavlovich Arellano Former Governor of the Mexican State of Sonora

Pavlović noble family, served the Kingdom of Bosnia (1391–1463)

Sergei Pavlovich (born 1992), Russian professional mixed martial artist

Aleksandar Pavlović (footballer) (born 2004), Serbian-German football player

Viktoria Pavlovich
Viktoria Pavlovich (Belarusian: Вікторыя Уладзіміраўна Паўловіч; Łacinka: Viktoryja Uładzimiraŭna Paŭłovič; born 8 May 1978) is a Belarusian table tennis player who plays for Turkish powerhouse Fenerbahçe SK. She won the women's singles at the 2010 and 2012 European Championships. She was born in Minsk, and resides there. Her twin sister Veronika Pavlovich is an Olympic table tennis player as well.

She competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics, reaching the third round of the singles competition. She competed in both singles and doubles in 2004.  At the 2012 Summer Olympics she reached the fourth round.
2003 Bonnaroo Music Festival
The festival ran June 13–15, and 80,000 attended. In 2003, The Bonnaroo organizers planned a festival called Bonnaroo Northeast to take place in Riverhead, Long Island, New York. This festival, as well as the Field Day Festival, another festival to take place at the same site, were cancelled, however, in the weeks leading up to the event due to concern about securing permits in time.

Mike Gordon
Michael Eliot Gordon (born June 3, 1965) is an American bass guitarist and vocalist most recognized as a founding member of the band Phish. In addition to bass, Gordon plays banjo, piano, and guitar. He is a filmmaker (Rising Low, Outside Out) and author (Mike's Corner). He has released six solo studio albums and three studio albums with acoustic guitar pioneer Leo Kottke.
Herveo plump toad
The Herveo plump toad (Osornophryne percrassa) is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Cordillera Central in the Antioquia, Caldas, Quindío, and Tolima Departments, Colombia.

Tolima Department
Tolima (Spanish pronunciation: [toˈlima]) is one of the 32 departments of Colombia, located in the Andean region, in the center-west of the country. It is bordered on the north and the west by the department of Caldas; on the east by the department of Cundinamarca; on the south by the department of Huila, and on the west by the departments of Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Quindío and Risaralda. Tolima has a surface area of 23,562 km2, and its capital is Ibagué. The department of Tolima was created in 1861 from a part of what was previously Cundinamarca.
Samwe language
Samwé (samoe), also known as Wara (ouara, ouala), is a Gur language of Burkina Faso. Dialects are Negueni-Klani, Ouatourou-Niasogoni, and Soulani. Niasogoni speakers have difficulty with Negueni, but not vice versa.

Voiced alveolar approximant
A voiced alveolar approximant is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. It is familiar to most English-speakers as the "r" sound in "rose" (though typically § postalveolar). The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents it is ⟨ɹ⟩, the lowercase Latin letter r rotated 180 degrees.
1987 Tour de Suisse
The 1987 Tour de Suisse was the 51st edition of the Tour de Suisse cycle race and was held from 16 June to 25 June 1987. The race started in Affoltern am Albis and finished in Zürich. The race was won by Andrew Hampsten of the 7-Eleven team.

7-Eleven (cycling team)
The 7-Eleven Cycling Team, later the Motorola Cycling Team, was a professional cycling team founded in the U.S. in 1981 by Jim Ochowicz, a former U.S. Olympic cyclist. The team lasted 16 years, under the sponsorship of 7-Eleven through 1990 and then Motorola from 1990 through 1996. From 1989 to 1996 it rode on Eddy Merckx bikes.
Cobalt-factor II C20-methyltransferase
In enzymology, a cobalt-factor II C20-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.151) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + cobalt-factor II  S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + cobalt-factor III

The two substrates of this enzyme are S-adenosyl methionine and cobalt-factor II; its two products are S-adenosylhomocysteine and cobalt-factor III.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is S-adenosyl-L-methionine:cobalt-factor-II C20-methyltransferase. This enzyme is also called CbiL. This enzyme is part of the biosynthetic pathway to cobalamin (vitamin B12) in anaerobic bacteria such as Salmonella typhimurium and Bacillus megaterium.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica is a subspecies of Salmonella enterica, the rod-shaped, flagellated, aerobic, Gram-negative bacterium. Many of the pathogenic serovars of the S. enterica species are in this subspecies, including that responsible for typhoid.
Mid America Fists In Action
Mid America Fists In Action (MAFIA) is a 501(c)(7) nonprofit organization for men interested in fisting. The club was founded in Chicago, Illinois in 1978.

MAFIA provides opportunities for members and non-members alike to meet, play, and socialize. The club proclaims a commitment to "a vibrant, social, and affirming approach to fisting culture—one that prioritizes care, especially for bottoms, and champions intimacy, education, and celebration."

Membership is open to men age 21 or older, subject to approval by the board of directors. Prospective members must be sponsored by two current members in good standing.

501(c) organization
A 501(c) organization is a nonprofit organization in the federal law of the United States according to Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. § 501(c)). Such organizations are exempt from some federal income taxes. Sections 503 through 505 set out the requirements for obtaining such exemptions. Many states refer to Section 501(c) for definitions of organizations exempt from state taxation as well. 501(c) organizations can receive unlimited contributions from individuals, corporations, and unions.

For example, a nonprofit organization may be tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3) if its primary activities are charitable, religious, educational, scientific, literary, testing for public safety, fostering amateur sports competition, or preventing cruelty to children or animals.
Estadio Gasómetro
El Gasómetro, officially named San Lorenzo Stadium, was a football stadium located in the neighborhood of Boedo in Buenos Aires. Inaugurated in 1916, the stadium was the home ground of club San Lorenzo de Almagro before they moved to their new venue, Estadio Pedro Bidegain, which is sometimes referred to as Nuevo Gasómetro ("New Gasometer"), in 1993. The stadium had a capacity of 75,000 people.

The stadium was nicknamed Gasómetro due to its exterior facade that reminded of a gas holder, very common at the time. It has a capacity of 75,000 spectators, being the largest stadium of Argentina until the construction of El Cilindro, home venue of Racing Club de Avellaneda, inaugurated in 1950. Racing's stadium had a capacity of 100,000 spectators, then reduced to 66,000 in the 1990s. The stadium was one of the venues for the 1929 South American Championship.

1929 South American Championship
The twelfth edition of the South American Championship was held in Buenos Aires, Argentina from 1 to 17 November 1929. The 1928 edition was postponed due to the participation of Chile, Uruguay and Argentina in the 1928 Summer Olympics held in Amsterdam, Netherlands, where Uruguay and Argentina won gold and silver respectively.

The participating countries were Argentina, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay, while Brazil, Bolivia, and Chile withdrew from the tournament.

Argentina won its fourth continental title.
Aristotle of Chalcis
Aristotle (Ancient Greek: Ἀριστοτέλης) of Chalcis in Euboea was a historical writer of ancient Greece. He is mentioned by the writer Harpocration as the author of a work on the islands of Euboea (Περὶ Εὐβοίας).

Some scholars over the years—mostly prior to the 19th century—have been inclined to think that this Aristoteles is not a distinct person, and that the work on Euboea ascribed to him is only another name for the Εὐβοέων πολιτεία of the more well known philosopher Aristotle. There is not broad scholarly consensus for this conjecture.

Chalcis
Chalcis (/ˈkælsɪs/; Ancient Greek and Katharevousa: Χαλκίς, romanized: Chalkís), also called Chalkida or Halkida (Modern Greek: Χαλκίδα, pronounced [xalˈciða]), is the chief city of the island of Euboea in Greece, situated on the Euripus Strait at its narrowest point. The name is preserved from antiquity and is derived from the Greek χαλκός (copper, bronze), though there is no trace of any mines in the area. In the Late Middle Ages, it was known as Negropont(e), an Italian name that has also been applied to the entire island of Euboea.
WWE Crush Hour
WWE Crush Hour is a vehicular combat video game developed by Pacific Coast Power & Light and published by THQ. It was released for the GameCube and PlayStation 2 on March 18, 2003 in North America, and on May 15, 2003 in PAL regions. An Xbox version was in development before being cancelled.

PAL
Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a colour encoding system for analogue television. It was one of three major analogue colour television standards, the others being NTSC and SECAM. In most countries it was broadcast at 625 lines, 50 fields (25 frames) per second, and associated with CCIR analogue broadcast television systems B, D, G, H, I and K. The articles on analogue broadcast television systems further describe frame rates, image resolution, and audio modulation.

PAL was developed by Walter Bruch at Telefunken in Hanover, West Germany, with important input from Gerhard Mahler. The format was patented by Telefunken in December 1962, citing Bruch as inventor, and unveiled to members of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) on 3 January 1963. When asked why the system was named "PAL" and not "Bruch", the inventor answered that a "Bruch system" would probably not have sold very well ("Bruch" is the German word for "breakage").
Cămin
Cămin (Hungarian: Kálmánd, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈkaːlmaːd]) is a commune located in Satu Mare County, Romania. It is composed of a single village, Cămin, part of Căpleni Commune until 2002, when it was split off.

The commune is located in the western part of the county, just north of the city of Carei and about 40 km (25 mi) west of the county seat, Satu Mare. Situated close to the Hungarian border, Cămin belongs to the Carei metropolitan area.

At the 2011 census, the commune had 1,388 inhabitants; of those, 64.5% were Hungarians, 22.5% Germans, 7.2% Roma, and 5% Romanians. At the 2021 census, Cămin had a population of 1,250, of which 51.52% were Hungarians, 30.24% Germans, 8.32% Roma, and 6.56% Romanians.

Satu Mare
Satu Mare (pronounced [ˈsatu ˈmare] ⓘ; Hungarian: Szatmárnémeti [sɒtmaːrneːmɛti]; German: Sathmar; Yiddish: סאטמאר Satmar or סאַטמער Satmer) is a city in Romania with a population of 102,400 (2011). It is the capital of Satu Mare County as well as the centre of the Satu Mare metropolitan area. It lies in the region of Maramureș, broadly part of Transylvania. Mentioned in the Gesta Hungarorum as castrum Zotmar ("Zotmar's fort"), the city has a history going back to the Middle Ages. Today, it is an academic, cultural, industrial, and business centre in the Nord-Vest development region.
Sembung railway station
Sembung Station (Indonesian: Stasiun Sembung, station code: SMB) is a third-class railway station in Sembung, Perak, Jombang Regency, East Java, Indonesia, operated by Kereta Api Indonesia. This railway station is at the most western railway station in Jombang Regency. This station is located Jalan Raya Sembung, 100 m south of  Jombang–Kertosono Road. This station's new building is operated—which has four tracks (two main lines and two passing tracks)—since Jombang–Baron double track segment activation on 30 October 2019.

Kereta Api Indonesia
PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) (lit. 'Indonesian Railways (State-owned) Limited', KAI) is the main state-owned railway operator of Indonesia. KAI provides intercity passenger services directly, while its subsidiaries provide commuter rail services (KAI Commuter), airport link services (KAI Bandara), freight rail services (KAI Logistik), as well as infrastructure maintenance (KAI Services). KAI also operates in other sectors, such as properties management (KAI Properti) and tourism (KAI Wisata). KAI also has indirect control of Whoosh through its ownership of a majority of shares in PT Pilar Sinergi BUMN Indonesia (PSBI), another state-owned enterprise of Indonesia.

KAI operates on the islands of Sumatra, Java, and Sulawesi, with a total of 6,945 kilometres (4,315 mi) of tracks. Also holds track-assets and planned services on Madura Island. In 2024, KAI carried 505 million passengers and 73.5 million tonnes of cargo, earning Rp 36.1 trillion in revenue.
I Was So Unpopular in School and Now They're Giving Me This Beautiful Bicycle
I Was So Unpopular in School and Now They're Giving Me This Beautiful Bicycle is the debut album of Swedish indiepop group Billie the Vision and the Dancers recorded in the spring of 2004. It was released on the record label Love Will Pay the Bills.

In the summer of 2009, the song "Summercat" became popular in Spain thanks to its use in an advertising campaign of Estrella Damm.

Estrella Damm
Estrella Damm (Spanish: [esˈtɾeʎa ˈðan], Catalan: [əsˈtɾeʎə ˈðam]) is a lager beer brewed in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain and Bedford, UK. It has existed since 1876, when August Küntzmann Damm founded his brewery in Barcelona, and is the flagship beer of S.A. Damm, a prominent brewery in the city. The brand is the oldest in Catalonia and the name Estrella means "star" in both Catalan and Spanish.

Estrella Damm is available in many countries, including Ireland,  Hungary, Palestine,Israel,Australia, Brazil, Costa Rica, Peru, Bulgaria, Canada, Cyprus, Croatia, Greece, Ukraine, Norway, Poland, Estonia, Portugal, Finland, Sweden, South Korea, Taiwan, Georgia, Honduras and the UK in a 4.6% version.

In 2009, the chefs and sommeliers from El Bulli Restaurant created a luxury bottled lager beer called Inedit ("Unprecedented") for Estrella Damm by mixing blend of lager and wheat beer styles, then a combination of barley malt, flavoured with coriander, orange skin and liquorice.
Operation Chess
Operation Chess was a British Commando raid during the Second World War. It was carried out by 17 men of No. 12 Commando commanded by a Second Lieutenant Pinckney over the night of 27/28 July 1941.

The target for the raid was Ambleteuse, Pas-de-Calais, France. The raiding party were towed across the English Channel in two Landing Craft by a Motor Launch, which cast them off two miles from the Slack River near Ambleteuse. They remained ashore for one hour, no prisoners were taken.

Cdr. Sir Geoffrey Congreve Bt DSO died of his wounds received during the raid.

Pas-de-Calais
The Pas-de-Calais (French: [pɑ d(ə) kalɛ] ⓘ, 'strait of Calais'; Picard: Pas-Calés; Dutch: Nauw van Calais) is a department in northern France named after the French designation of the Strait of Dover, which it borders. It has the most communes of all the departments of France, with 887, and is the 8th most populous. It had a population of 1,465,278 in 2019. The Calais Passage connects to the Port of Calais on the English Channel. The Pas-de-Calais borders the departments of Nord and Somme and is connected to the English county of Kent via the Channel Tunnel.
Conjuration (EP)
Conjuration is the fourth EP by Polish extreme metal band Behemoth. The first three tracks were recorded between June and September 2002. The live songs were recorded at the Mystic Festival on 13 October 2001. The tracks were then mastered at the High End Studio in June 2003.

In 2011, the EP (along with several previously unreleased live tracks) was bundled with Slaves Shall Serve and released as part of the compilation album Abyssus Abyssum Invocat.

Extreme metal
Extreme metal is a loosely defined umbrella term for a number of related heavy metal music subgenres that have developed since the early 1980s. It has been defined as a "cluster of metal subgenres characterized by sonic, verbal, and visual transgression", and refers to metal that is harsher, heavier, more aggressive and less commercialized than other subgenres. Extreme metal is generally underground music that values authenticity and strives to remain outside the mainstream. The term usually includes thrash metal, death metal, black metal and doom metal. Some definitions do not recognise doom metal, or consider that only some of its subgenres are extreme. Most extreme metal styles have very fast tempos and originally took inspiration from hardcore punk.
Brightspeed of Texas
Brightspeed of Texas, Inc. is a telephone operating company owned by Brightspeed that provides local telephone and internet service in Texas. The company serves communities in Texas such as Killeen, Copperas Cove, Athens, Gatesville, Harker Heights, Humble, Hutto, Kingwood, Porter, San Marcos, Stephenville, and Tyler.

Athens, Texas
Athens is a city and the county seat of Henderson County, Texas, in the United States. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 12,857. The city has called itself the "Black-Eyed Pea Capital of the World." Athens was selected as one of the first "Certified Retirement Communities" in Texas. Athens was incorporated in 1856 and was named after Athens, the capital of Greece.
Burke Centre, Virginia
Burke Centre is a planned residential community located west of Burke in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. Burke Centre is a planned community managed by the Burke Centre Conservancy homeowners' association (HOA).

Burke Centre is also the name of a census-designated place (CDP). The CDP boundaries extend beyond the planned community limits. At the 2020 census, the Burke Centre CDP had a total population of 17,518.

Burke Centre is located south of the center of Fairfax County. It is bordered to the east and partially to the north by the Burke CDP, and to the west and north by the Fairfax Station CDP. The Burke Centre CDP border follows Ox Road to the west, the VRE Manassas Line to the north, Burke Lake Road to the southeast, and Fairfax County Parkway to the southwest.

Planned community
A planned community, planned city, planned town, or planned settlement is any community that was carefully planned from its inception and is typically constructed on previously undeveloped land. This contrasts with settlements that evolve organically.

The term new town refers to planned communities of the new towns movement in particular, mainly in the United Kingdom. It was also common in the European colonization of the Americas to build according to a plan either on fresh ground or on the ruins of earlier Native American villages.

A model city is a type of planned city designed to a high standard and intended as a model for others to imitate. The term was first used in 1854.
Umm al-Amad votive inscription
The Umm Al-Amad votive inscription  is an ex-voto Phoenician inscription of two lines. Discovered during Ernest Renan's Mission de Phénicie in 1860–61, it was the second-longest of the three inscriptions found at Umm al-Amad. All three inscriptions were found on the north side of the hill.

Renan stated that “It was traced on one of those cubes of stone, notched on one side, which are frequently found in the neighborhood of temples, and served perhaps to contain votive offerings.” Renan sawed off the part that bore the inscription in order to bring it back to France.

A debate between scholars took place over whether it was dedicated to "Moloch-Astarte" or "Queen [Malik] Astarte".

The inscription is known as CIS I 8. Today it is held at the Louvre, with ID number AO 4830.

The inscription reads:

Mission de Phénicie
The Mission de Phénicie was the first major archaeological mission to Lebanon and Syria. It took place in 1860-61 by a French team led by Ernest Renan. Renan was entrusted with the mission in October 1860, after French interest had been sparked by the 1855 discovery of the Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II.

The Phoenician artefacts and inscriptions that discovered by the mission were published in Renan's Mission de Phénicie (1864–74; “Phoenician Expedition”), published by Imprimerie impériale in Paris 1864, and republished by Beyrouth in 1997.
Statue of Thomas Jefferson (Columbia University)
An outdoor sculpture of Thomas Jefferson by William Ordway Partridge is installed outside the School of Journalism on the Columbia University campus in Manhattan, New York, United States. It was modeled in plaster in 1901 and cast in bronze in 1914 by the New York–based foundry Roman Bronze Works.

Roman Bronze Works
Roman Bronze Works, now operated as Roman Bronze Studios, is a bronze foundry in New York City. Established in 1897 by Riccardo Bertelli, it was the first American foundry to specialize in the lost-wax casting method, and was the country's pre-eminent art foundry during the American Renaissance (ca. 1876–1917).
Alexander Bommes
Alexander Bommes (born 21 January 1976 in Kiel) is a German television host. He works as a host and sports journalist on German broadcasters NDR and ARD.

Bommes originally played handball for TSV Bayer Dormagen from 1999 to 2001 and for VfL Gummersbach from 2001 to 2003 in the Handball-Bundesliga. 
He has two sons with television host Julia Westlake.

VfL Gummersbach
VfL Gummersbach  is a professional handball club from the German city of Gummersbach, North Rhine-Westphalia. Currently, VfL Gummersbach competes in the Handball-Bundesliga and the DHB-Pokal. The club has seen great success, especially from the late 1960s until the early 1990s.