hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hillcrest (Cazenovia, New York)
Hillcrest is a historic home and national historic district located at Cazenovia in Madison County, New York. The district contains four contributing buildings. The main house was built in 1903 and is an irregularly massed, three story frame residence built in a combination of the Colonial Revival and Queen Anne styles.  It features a conical, three story turret and rounded, one story enclosed porch.  Also on the property is a carriage house, guest house, and formal gateway.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.

Cazenovia, New York
Cazenovia is an incorporated town in Madison County, New York, United States. The population was 6,740 at the time of the 2020 census. The town is named after Theophile Cazenove, the Agent General of the Holland Land Company. The village of Cazenovia is located in the center of the town. The town is on the county's western border.

The village of Cazenovia was home to Cazenovia College, a small liberal arts college, from 1824 to 2023.
Andy Dun
Andrew Frederick Dun (26 November 1960 — 23 July 2023) was an English rugby union international.

Dun was born and raised in Bristol, attending Bristol Grammar School.

A back row forward, Dun played for Bristol between 1980 and 1990, appearing in 170 senior matches, with two seasons as club captain. While undergoing his medical training at St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Dun played for London club Wasps and stood in for Nigel Melville as club captain in the 1983-84 season. He was a Middlesex county player and got capped once for England, against Wales at Twickenham during the 1984 Five Nations Championship.

Dun is the father of Bristol Bears player James Dun.

Bristol Bears
Bristol Bears (officially Bristol Rugby Club or Bristol Rugby) are a professional men's rugby union club based in Bristol, England.  They play in the Gallagher PREM, England's top division of rugby.

The club was founded as "Bristol Football Club" in 1888; between 1921 and 2014, home matches were played at the Memorial Ground, and have since been played at Ashton Gate Stadium in the south-west of the city.  The current head coach Pat Lam was appointed in 2017.  In the 2024–25 season Bristol finished 4th, losing in the play off semi-finals, entitling them to compete in the 2025-26 European Rugby Champions Cup.

In 2018, the club rebranded as "Bristol Bears"; between 2001 and 2005 the club were known as "Bristol Shoguns" due to a sponsorship deal with Mitsubishi.

Bristol won the 1983 John Player Cup and have also won England's second division four times, most recently in 2017–18. In 2019–2020, Bristol won The European Challenge Cup for the first time.
Interlinear gloss
In linguistics and pedagogy, an interlinear gloss is a gloss (series of brief explanations, such as definitions or pronunciations) placed between lines, such as between a line of original text and its translation into another language. When glossed, each line of the original text acquires one or more corresponding lines of transcription known as an interlinear text or interlinear glossed text (IGT) –  an interlinear for short. Such glosses help the reader follow the relationship between the source text and its translation, and the structure of the original language. In its simplest form, an interlinear gloss is a literal, word-for-word translation of the source text.

Grammatical number
In linguistics, grammatical number is a feature of nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions (such as "one", "two" or "three or more"). English and many other languages present number categories of singular or plural. Some languages also have a dual, trial and paucal number or other arrangements.

The word "number" is also used in linguistics to describe the distinction between certain grammatical aspects that indicate the number of times an event occurs, such as the semelfactive aspect, the iterative aspect, etc. For that use of the term, see "Grammatical aspect".
New Gitaldaha railway station
New Gitaldaha railway station is on the broad-gauge Alipurduar–Bamanhat branch line under Alipurduar railway division of West Bengal.

Gitaldaha was a railway station and is a defunct rail transit point on the India–Bangladesh border in Cooch Behar district in the Indian state of West Bengal. The corresponding point on the Bangladesh side is Mogalhat in Lalmonirhat District.

Lalmonirhat District
Lalmonirhat District (Bengali: লালমনিরহাট জেলা) is a District, situated at the northern border of Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rangpur Division. Lalmonirhat mahakuma was established as a district on 1 February 1984. To the north of Lalmonirhat lie Cooch Behar and Jalpaiguri districts of West Bengal; to the south lies Rangpur, to the east lie Kurigram and Cooch Behar; and to the west of lie Rangpur and Nilphamari District. The international border line of Lalmonirhat district is 281.6 km long.
KFBR (Arizona)
KFBR was a radio station on 1340 AM serving Nogales, Arizona. It operated from 1967 to 1993 and was the successor to KNOG, which broadcast on the same frequency from 1948 to 1965. KNOG was the first radio station in Nogales, Arizona, and for its entire existence until 1978, KNOG/KFBR was the only English-language radio station in the city.

1340 AM
1340 kHz is defined as a Class C (local) frequency in the coterminous United States and such stations on this frequency are limited to 1,000 watts. U.S. stations outside the coterminous United States (Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, & the U.S. Virgin Islands) on this frequency are defined as Class B (regional) stations.

The following radio stations broadcast on AM frequency 1340 kHz:
Colotis incretus
Colotis incretus, the yellow orange tip, is a butterfly in the family Pieridae. It is found in southern Kenya, Burundi, Tanzania and Zambia. The habitat consists of moist savanna.

The larvae feed on Capparis, Salvadora persica and Cadaba species.

Capparis
Capparis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Capparaceae. It includes about 140 species of shrubs or lianas which are collectively known as caper shrubs or caperbushes. Capparis species occur over a wide range of habitat in the subtropical and tropical regions of Africa, Eurasia, Australasia, and the Pacific.

The genus was included in the family Brassicaceae in the unrevised APG II system.
The Sword of Shannara Trilogy
The Sword of Shannara Trilogy consists of the first three Shannara novels (The Sword of Shannara, The Elfstones of Shannara and The Wishsong of Shannara) by Terry Brooks. Though not originally written as a trilogy, the novels were published as The Sword of Shannara Trilogy by Del Rey Books.

The second book was later adapted into a television series titled The Shannara Chronicles, created by Alfred Gough and Miles Millar. The first season aired on MTV, following the plot of The Elfstones of Shannara; the second season aired on Spike TV, continuing the story with an original plot. The show was canceled after two seasons.

Terry Brooks
Terence Dean Brooks (born January 8, 1944) is an American writer of fantasy fiction. He writes mainly epic fantasy, and has also written two film novelizations. He has written 23 New York Times bestsellers during his writing career, and has sold over 25 million copies of his books in print. He is one of the most successful living fantasy writers. In March 2025, he announced his semi-retirement from writing.
Florida Keys Keynoter
The Florida Keys Keynoter is a twice-weekly broadsheet format newspaper owned by The McClatchy Company and is a subsidiary of the Miami Herald. It primarily serves Monroe county in the U.S. state of Florida. In addition to publishing regular issues on Wednesday and Saturday, the Keynoter also publishes the quarterly magazine Unwind Archived April 1, 2014, at the Wayback Machine. The Keynoter is a partner of the Upper Keys Reporter, which specializes in coverage of the Upper Florida Keys, including Key Largo.

Monroe County, Florida
Monroe County is the southernmost county of the state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 82,874. Its county seat is Key West. Monroe County includes the islands of the Florida Keys and comprises the Key West-Key Largo Micropolitan Statistical Area. Over 99.9% of the county's population lives on the Florida Keys. The mainland, which is part of the Everglades, comprises 87% of the county's land area and is virtually uninhabited with only 17 people recorded in the 2020 census.
Karasuwa
Karasuwa is a Local Government Area in Yobe State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Jajimaji on the Hadejia River at 12°53′57″N 10°48′28″E﻿ / ﻿12.89917°N 10.80778°E﻿ / 12.89917; 10.80778.

It has an area of 1,162 km2 and a population of 106,992 at the 2006 census.

Land Areas

Karasuwa local government area consists of larger towns which include: Jajimaji, Bukarti, Kasuwa Sidi, and small villages such as Tsamiyan Gada, etc.

The postal code of the area is 630.

Cultures and Tribes

Basically the people predominantly live in Karasuwa, which is 70 percent Manga tribe, which  originated from sub Kanuri tribe. Most residents are farmers, both in towns and villages.

The Bade language is spoken in Karasuwa LGA.

Kanuri language
Kanuri (/kəˈnʊəri/; endonym: Kànùrí (Latin script), كَنُرِيِه (Ajami)) is a Saharan dialect continuum of the Nilo–Saharan language family spoken by the Kanuri and Kanembu peoples in Nigeria, Niger, Chad and Cameroon, as well as by a diaspora community residing in Sudan.
Sentence boundary disambiguation
Sentence boundary disambiguation (SBD), also known as sentence breaking, sentence boundary detection, and sentence segmentation, is the problem in natural language processing of deciding where sentences begin and end. Natural language processing tools often require their input to be divided into sentences; however, sentence boundary identification can be challenging due to the potential ambiguity of punctuation marks. In written English, a period may indicate the end of a sentence, or may denote an abbreviation, a decimal point, an ellipsis, or an email address, among other possibilities. About 47% of the periods in The Wall Street Journal corpus denote abbreviations. Question marks and exclamation marks can be similarly ambiguous due to use in emoticons, source code, and slang.

Some languages including Japanese and Chinese have unambiguous sentence-ending markers.

Text corpus
In linguistics and natural language processing, a corpus (pl.: corpora) or text corpus is a dataset, consisting of  natively digital and older, digitalized, language resources, either annotated or unannotated. Annotated, they have been used in corpus linguistics for statistical hypothesis testing, checking occurrences or validating linguistic rules within a specific language territory.
Fredericktown station (Missouri Pacific Railroad)
Fredericktown Missouri Pacific Railroad Depot, also known as the Fredericktown Depot, is a historic train station located at Fredericktown, Madison County, Missouri.  It was built in 1917 by the St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railway, later Missouri Pacific Railroad.  It is a one-story rectangular brick building with a low-pitched red tile hipped roof with Prairie School and Bungalow / American Craftsman style influences.  It measures 22 feet by 128 feet, and features widely overhanging eaves supported by large curvilinear brackets and a projecting dispatcher's bay.  In 1917–1918, the new Fredericktown Missouri Pacific Depot took over passenger service, while freight continued to be handled by the original St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railroad Depot. Passenger service to Fredericktown was discontinued in 1972 and the building subsequently used for commercial enterprises.: 5, 9, 11

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railway
The St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railway (reporting mark SLOT), commonly known as the Iron Mountain, was an American railway company that operated from 1856 until 1917 when it was merged into the Missouri Pacific Railroad.
2020 Egyptian Super Cup
The 2020 Egyptian Super Cup (also known as the 2018–19 SAIB Egyptian Super Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 17th Egyptian Super Cup, an annual football match played between the winners of the previous season's Egyptian Premier League and Egypt Cup. It was played at Mohammed bin Zayed Stadium in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, on 20 February 2020, contested by Al Ahly and Zamalek.

Zamalek defeated Al Ahly and won the match 4–3 on penalties after being tied 0–0, winning the Egyptian Super Cup title for the fourth time in their history.

Egyptian Football Association
The Egyptian Football Association (Egyptian Arabic: الاتحاد المصري لكرة القدم) is the governing body of association football in Egypt. Founded in 1921, it became a member of FIFA since 1923 and a founding member of the CAF, the EFA has jurisdiction over the Egyptian football league system and is responsible for the men's and women's national teams.

The EFA headquarters is located in Gezira, Cairo. The EFA organizes the semi-professional Egyptian Second Division as well as the lower regional leagues at the third and fourth levels of the league system.
Johann Friedrich Gottlieb Goldhagen
Johann Friedrich Gottlieb Goldhagen (May 21, 1742 – January 10, 1788) was a professor of medicine and natural history at the University of Halle. He built up a large collection of natural history specimens at the university.

Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (German: Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg), also referred to as MLU, is a public research university in the cities of Halle and Wittenberg. It is the largest and oldest university in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. MLU offers German and international (English) courses leading to academic degrees such as BA, BSc, MA, MSc, doctoral degrees, and habilitation.

The university was created in 1817 through the merger of the University of Wittenberg (founded in 1502) and the University of Halle (founded in 1694). MLU is named after Protestant reformer Martin Luther, who was a professor in Wittenberg. Today, the university campus is located in Halle, while  Leucorea Foundation in Wittenberg serves as MLU's convention centre.
Maria Awaria
Maria Awaria is the second studio album by Polish singer Maria Peszek, released in 2008 by Kayax. Majority of the material was composed and produced by Andrzej Smolik and most of the lyrics were written by Peszek herself. The album explored the subject of human sexuality which caused controversies in Poland, especially in the conservative right wing media. Nonetheless, it met with generally favourable reviews and became her first number 1 album. It was certified platinum in less than a month and won the Paszport Polityki award in 2009. Peszek toured the album from autumn 2008 into late 2010.

Kayax
Kayax Production & Publishing Sp. z o.o. is an independent Polish entertainment company that operates a record label, music publisher, management and concert agency. It was founded by singer Kayah and her business partner, musician Tomasz Grewiński, in 2001 in Warsaw. Kayah was initially founded as a record label. In 2003, Kayax signed chillout duo 15 Minut Projekt and producer Envee.

Folk, hip-hop and rock acts have signed with Kayax. The label's best-selling artists include alternative singer Maria Peszek, jazz-pop singer Krzysztof Kiljański and folk pop band Zakopower, yielding albums certified Gold and Platinum in Poland.
László Boros
László Boros (born 3 February 1982) is a retired Hungarian high jumper.

He was born in Budapest. He finished twelfth at the 1999 World Youth Championships. He also competed at the 2004 World Indoor Championships, the 2004 Olympic Games and the 2005 World Championships without reaching the final round.

He became Hungarian high jump champion in 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006. He also became indoor champion in 2003, 2005 and 2006.

His personal best jump was 2.28 meters, achieved in July 2005 in Debrecen.

Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's high jump
The men's high jump competition at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens was held at the Olympic Stadium on 20–22 August. Thirty-eight athletes from 27 nations competed. The event was won by Stefan Holm of Sweden, the nation's first victory in the men's high jump and first medal in the event since Patrik Sjöberg won three in a row from 1984 to 1992. Matt Hemingway took silver, returning the United States to the podium after a one-Games absence. Jaroslav Bába's bronze was the first medal in the event for the Czech Republic.
Mural instrument
A mural instrument is an angle measuring instrument mounted on or built into a wall. For astronomical purposes, these walls were oriented so they lie precisely on the meridian. A mural instrument that measured angles from 0 to 90 degrees was called a mural quadrant. They were utilized as astronomical devices in ancient Egypt and ancient Greece. Edmond Halley, due to the lack of an assistant and only one vertical wire in his transit, confined himself to the use of a mural quadrant built by George Graham after its erection in 1725 at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich. Bradley's first observation with that quadrant was made on 15 June 1742.

The mural quadrant has been called the "quintessential instrument" of 18th century (i.e. 1700s) observatories. It rose to prominence in the field of positional astronomy at this time.

Ven (Sweden)
Ven (Swedish: [veːn], older Swedish spelling Hven), is a Swedish island in the Öresund strait laying between Scania, Sweden and Zealand, Denmark. A part of Landskrona Municipality, Skåne County, the island has an area of 7.5 km2 (2.9 sq mi) and 371 inhabitants as of 2020. During the 1930s, the population was at its peak, with approximately 1,300 inhabitants. There are four villages on the island: Bäckviken, Tuna By, Norreborg and Kyrkbacken. The island is best known as the location of the observatories Uraniborg and Stjerneborg, both of which were established and operated by the Danish Renaissance astronomer Tycho Brahe.
Membury Castle
50°49′16″N 3°01′08″W﻿ / ﻿50.821°N 3.019°W﻿ / 50.821; -3.019
Membury Castle is an Iron Age hillfort situated above the village of Membury in Devon. The fort occupies a commanding hilltop position some 204 metres (669 ft) above sea level with views across both the Yarty and Axe valleys.

Membury, Devon
Membury is a village three miles north west of Axminster in East Devon district. The population at the 2011 Census was 501.

The village has a 13th-century church, dedicated to St John the Baptist, with a tall slim tower. In the aisle there is a monument to Sir Shilston Calmady, who was killed in a skirmish near the village in February 1646, and was buried in the chancel. The founding editor of the medical journal, The Lancet, Thomas Wakley, was born at Membury in 1795.

The village is within the Blackdown Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and lies just to the north east of Beckford Bridge over the River Yarty, which is the oldest packhorse bridge in East Devon. Near to the village there is former Quaker Meeting House that is now a hotel.
Oregon Marching Band
The Oregon Marching Band (OMB) is the marching band of the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon, United States. With over 200 members, it is the largest student organization on campus, and its members come from nearly every department and major at the university. The marching band serves as the foundation for the larger Oregon Athletic Bands organization that includes the Oregon Basketball Band, Winter Drumline, and the Green and Yellow Garter Bands.

The OMB performs at all home football games at Autzen Stadium, selected away games, and bowl games. Other aspects of Oregon athletics, such as women's volleyball, are also supported by the OMB. The OMB also hosts a large high school marching band competition every fall known as the Festival of Bands.

Oregon Ducks
The Oregon Ducks are the intercollegiate athletic teams that represent the University of Oregon, located in Eugene. The Ducks compete at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I level as a member of the Big Ten Conference. With eighteen varsity teams, Oregon is best known for its American football team and track and field program, which has helped Eugene gain a reputation as "Track Town, USA". Oregon's main rivalries are with the Oregon State Beavers (the Civil War) and the Washington Huskies.
Tamás Viczay
Tamás Viczay de Loós was a Hungarian nobleman, who served as Count (Latin: comes, Hungarian: főispán) of Sopron County from 1347 to 1360. He was a member of the Viczay de Loós family (later Baron, then Count de Loós et Hédervár).

He had a son, named János (1368–1394).

Sopron County
Sopron (German: Ödenburg, Slovak: Šopron) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now divided between Austria and Hungary. The capital of the county was Sopron.
Wylie baronets
The Wylie Baronetcy, of St Petersburg, was a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 2 July 1814 for James Wylie, private physician to three successive Tsars of Russia. The title became extinct upon his death in 1854.

Tsar of all Russia
The Tsar of all Russia, formally the Sovereign, Tsar and Grand Prince of all Russia, was the title of the Russian monarch from 1547 to 1721. During this period, the state was a tsardom.

The first Russian monarch to be crowned as tsar was Ivan IV, who had held the title of sovereign and grand prince. In 1721, Peter I adopted the title of emperor and proclaimed the Russian Empire. The old title continued to be popularly used to refer to the emperor.
Atharvashikha Upanishad
The Atharvashikha Upanishad (IAST: Atharvaśikhā) is a Sanskrit text that is one of the minor Upanishads of Hinduism. It is among the 31 Upanishads associated with the Atharvaveda. It is classified as a Shaiva Upanishad, focussing on the destroyer god, Shiva.

The text is composed through the voice of the Sage Atharvan, to whom the Atharvaveda is eponymously attributed. The text discusses and equates Om symbol to Shiva as the Supreme Being and Brahman, explaining the spirituality behind its chanting and meditation..

The text is also called Atharvashikhopanishad, and is listed at 23 in the Telugu language anthology of 108 Upanishads in Muktika canon.

Muktikā
Muktikā (Sanskrit: मुक्तिका) refers to the Sanskrit-language anthology of a canon of 108 Upaniṣhads. The date of composition of each is unknown, with the oldest probably from about 800 BCE. The Principal Upanishads were composed in the 1st millennium BCE, most Yoga Upanishads composed probably from the 100 BCE to 300 CE period, and seven of the Sannyasa Upanishads composed before the 3rd century CE.

The canon is part of a dialogue between Rama and Hanuman dealing with the inquiry into mukti in the Muktikā Upanishad (108 in the list). The other collections of Upanishads include Oupanekhat, a Persian language anthology of 50 Upanishads; the Colebrooke Collection of 52 Upanishads, and the 52 Upanishad Collection of Nārāyana.
Tirabin al-Sana
Tirabin al-Sana (Hebrew: תראבין א-צאנע), also Tarabin (Arabic: ترابين), is a Bedouin village in the Negev desert in southern Israel. The village was built for the Tarabin tribe. Located near Rahat and Mishmar HaNegev, it falls under the jurisdiction of al-Kasom Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 1,037.

Israel Land Administration
The Israel Land Administration (ILA; Hebrew: מנהל מקרקעי ישראל, romanized: Minhal Mekarka'ei Yisra'el; Arabic: مديرية أراضي اسرائيل) was an Israeli government authority responsible for managing land in Israel which is in the public domain. It manages 93% of the land in the country. As a result of reforms enacted by the 2009 government, it was transformed into Israel Land Authority.