hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
SUGEN
SUGEN (Sugen) was a drug discovery company focused on development of protein kinase inhibitors. It was founded in 1991, and shut down in 2003, after developing the pioneering kinase inhibitor drug sunitinib (Sutent).

Protein kinase inhibitor
A protein kinase inhibitor (PKI) is a type of enzyme inhibitor that blocks the action of one or more protein kinases. Protein kinases are enzymes that phosphorylate (add a phosphate, or PO4, group) to a protein and can modulate its function.

The phosphate groups are usually added to serine, threonine, or tyrosine amino acids on the protein. Most kinases act on both serine and threonine, the tyrosine kinases act on tyrosine, and a number (dual-specificity kinases) act on all three. There are also protein kinases that phosphorylate other amino acids, including histidine kinases that phosphorylate histidine residues.

Phosphorylation regulates many biological processes, and protein kinase inhibitors can be used to treat diseases due to hyperactive protein kinases (including mutant or overexpressed kinases in cancer) or to modulate cell functions to overcome other disease drivers.
Karidjo Mahamadou
Karidjo Mahamadou (11 September 1953 – 20 August 2025) was a Nigerien politician. A leading member of the Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism (PNDS-Tarayya), he served in the government of Niger as Minister of National Defense from 2011 to 2016. He was President of the High Court of Justice from 2016.

Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism
The Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism (French: Parti Nigerien pour la Democratie et le Socialisme, PNDS-Tarayya) was a political party in Niger. It is a banned left-leaning party, part of the Socialist International; it came to power in 2011 following the election of the former long-time leader Mahamadou Issoufou. Mohamed Bazoum is the former president of the party and the former Secretary-General is Foumakoye Gado.

"Tarayya" means "gathering" in the Hausa language.
2021–22 Maine Black Bears men's ice hockey season
The 2021–22 Maine Black Bears Men's ice hockey season was the 47th season of play for the program, the 45th season competing at the Division I level, and the 38th season in the Hockey East conference. The Black Bears represented the University of Maine and played their home games at Alfond Arena, and were coached by Ben Barr, in his 1st season as head coach.

2021–22 Hockey East men's season
The 2021–22 Hockey East men's season was the 38th season of play for Hockey East and took place during the 2021–22 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season. The regular season began on October 2, 2021, and concluded on March 5, 2022. The conference tournament ended on March 19 with Massachusetts winning the championship.
RuPaul's Drag Race season 9
The ninth season of RuPaul's Drag Race began airing on March 24, 2017, on VH1. The returning judges included RuPaul, Michelle Visage, Ross Mathews and Carson Kressley. Fourteen drag queens (including one returnee) competed for the title of "America's Next Drag Superstar". The prizes for the winner are a one-year supply of Anastasia Beverly Hills cosmetics, a cash prize of $100,000, and a crown and scepter provided by Shandar. The full list of contestants was revealed on February 2, 2017. This season saw the return of season eight contestant Cynthia Lee Fontaine, who finished the competition in 10th place.

This season featured 14 new queens and the winner of the ninth season of RuPaul's Drag Race was Sasha Velour, with Peppermint being the runner-up and Valentina winning Miss Congeniality.

Anastasia Beverly Hills
Anastasia Beverly Hills, also known as ABH, is an American cosmetics company best known for its eyebrow products. The company was founded by Romanian-born Anastasia Soare in 1997, in Beverly Hills, California. Soare's daughter Claudia Soare, also known as Norvina, is the president of the company. In 2023, the company was reported to be worth approximately $500 million, with $240 million in annual revenue.
Granville Gordon, 13th Marquess of Huntly
Granville Charles Gomer Gordon, 13th Marquis of Huntly (born 4 February 1944), styled Earl of Aboyne until 1987, is a Scottish peer and the Premier Marquess of Scotland.

He was a hereditary member of the House of Lords from 1987 to 1999.

Marquess
A marquess (UK: /ˈmɑːrkwɪs/; French: marquis [maʁki]) is a nobleman of high hereditary rank in various European peerages and in those of some of their former colonies. The German-language equivalent is Markgraf (margrave) and the Italian-language equivalent Marchese. A woman with the rank of a marquess or the wife (or widow) of a marquess is a marchioness (/ˈmɑːrʃənɛs/) or marquise (French: [maʁkiz] ⓘ). These titles are also used to translate equivalent Asian styles, as in Imperial China and Imperial Japan.
Santa María Jaltianguis
Santa María Jaltianguis is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of  km2. 
It is part of the Ixtlán District in the Sierra Norte region.

As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 569.

Ixtlán District
Ixtlán District is located in the Sierra Norte region, in the northeastern area of the State of Oaxaca, Mexico.

The district includes 26 municipalities, bringing together a total of 161 settlements. At the 2020 census, they contained a total of 36,084 inhabitants, the majority of whom were indigenous Zapotec speakers.

Scenery near Santo Domingo Cacalotepec

Entrance to church in Capulalpam de Méndez

Main street of Guelatao de Juarez

General view of Ixtlan de Juárez

An economically sustainable, community-owned fish farm, located near Ixtlan.

The Cloud Forest of Santiago Comaltepec is some of the best conserved in the world
Ranchore Line, Karachi
Ranchore Line (Urdu: رنچھور لائن), officially named as Gazdarabad (Urdu: گزدر آباد), is a neighbourhood in the Saddar Town of Karachi South district of Karachi Pakistan, and part of PS-108 constituency. The neighborhood is one of the oldest in Karachi. It has a predominantly Muslim Marwaris population who hailed from Jaisalmer in Rajasthan from 19th century. Gazadarabad is also home to Karachi's largest Hindu-dominated neighborhood, Narayan Pura.

Karachi South District
Karachi District (formerly Karachi South District) (Urdu: ضلع کراچی) is an administrative district of Karachi Division in Sindh, Pakistan, created in 1972. Karachi District had a population of 2,329,764 (2.3 million) as of the 2023 Pakistani census.

In 2023, the Government of Sindh renamed Karachi South District simply to Karachi District because all divisional administration is located there.
Freak Nasty
Eric Henry Timmons, professionally known as Freak Nasty, is an American hip hop recording artist and record producer from New Orleans, Louisiana. He was raised in New Orleans. He is best known for his Top 40 single "Da' Dip" released in 1996 which was a sleeper hit, and ultimately went mainstream in the summer of 1997; it later peaked number 15 on the Hot 100. Later he released "Do What U Feel" from the album Which Way Is Up, but it failed to reach the success of the previous song, making it to No. 87 on the Hot R&B charts.

Sleeper hit
In the entertainment industry, a sleeper hit is a film, television series, music release, video game or other entertainment product that was initially unsuccessful on release, but eventually became a surprise success. A sleeper hit may have had little to no promotion or lack a successful launch, but gradually develops a fandom and spreads via word of mouth, media coverage, or unexpected internet virality. As Variety puts it, "A 'sleeper hit' can be defined as the kind of show that catches us by surprise—programs whose popularity grows over time and can ultimately outshine the preordained hits."

A sleeper hit often lacks star performers or high production values, but prevails, at times against its makers' expectations, on the strength of such qualities as narrative, approach, or novelty, as well as market accidents. Sleeper hit films benefit theater owners because they keep a larger percentage of the money from ticket sales.
Stereotactic biopsy
Stereotactic biopsy, also known as stereotactic core biopsy, is a biopsy procedure that uses a computer and imaging performed in at least two planes to localize a target lesion (such as a tumor or microcalcifications in the breast) in three-dimensional space and guide the removal of tissue for examination by a pathologist under a microscope.  Stereotactic core biopsy makes use of the underlying principle of parallax to determine the depth or "Z-dimension" of the target lesion.

Stereotactic core biopsy is extensively used by radiologists specializing in breast imaging to obtain tissue samples containing microcalcifications, which can be an early sign of breast cancer.

Biopsy
A biopsy is a medical test commonly performed by a surgeon, an interventional radiologist, or an interventional cardiologist. The process involves the extraction of sample cells or tissues for examination to determine the presence or extent of a disease. The tissue is then fixed, dehydrated, embedded, sectioned, stained and mounted before it is generally examined under a microscope by a pathologist; it may also be analyzed chemically. When an entire lump or suspicious area is removed, the procedure is called an excisional biopsy. An incisional biopsy or core biopsy samples a portion of the abnormal tissue without attempting to remove the entire lesion or tumor. When a sample of tissue or fluid is removed with a needle in such a way that cells are removed without preserving the histological architecture of the tissue cells, the procedure is called a needle aspiration biopsy. Biopsies are most commonly performed for insight into possible cancerous or inflammatory conditions.
2011 Pekao Szczecin Open – Doubles
Dustin Brown and Rogier Wassen were the defending champions but they decided not to participate together.
Wassen played alongside Björn Phau, while Brown partnered up with Ken Skupski. They all were eliminated in the quarterfinals.

Marcin Gawron and Andriej Kapaś won this tournament. They defeated Andrey Golubev and Yuri Schukin 6–3, 6–4 in the final.

Andriej Kapaś
Andriej Kapaś (pronounced [ˈandrjɛj ˈkapaɕ]; born 11 August 1989) is a Polish professional tennis player. He competes mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour and ITF Futures, both in singles and doubles. He reached his highest ATP singles ranking, No. 323, and his highest ATP doubles ranking, No. 163, on 6 April 2015.
Dylew, Łódź Voivodeship
Dylew [ˈdɨlɛf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tuszyn, within Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-west of Tuszyn and 23 km (14 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Łódź East County
Łódź East County (Polish: powiat łódzki wschodni) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Łódź, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county consists of areas to the east and south of the city, and contains three towns: Koluszki, which lies 24 km (15 mi) east of Łódź, Tuszyn, 20 km (12 mi) south of Łódź, and Rzgów, 14 km (9 mi) south of Łódź.

The county covers an area of 499.32 square kilometres (192.8 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 64,574, out of which the population of Koluszki is 13,407, that of Tuszyn is 7,178, that of Rzgów is 3,338, and the rural population is 40,651.

Until 2002 the county also included the areas which now form Brzeziny County.
Haji Ghalib
Haji Ghalib is a citizen of Afghanistan who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba. His Guantanamo Internment Serial Number was 987. Guantanamo counter-terrorism analysts estimate he was born in 1963, in Nangarhar, Afghanistan. Ghalib was repatriated on February 28, 2007.

Ghalib was sent to Guantanamo following anonymous denunciations.  He argued that he had been a loyal government official.  When he was finally repatriated, the Afghan government reappointed him to senior security positions, where he became one of Afghanistan's most effective opponents to the central government's opponents.

Lists of former Guantanamo Bay detainees alleged to have returned to terrorism
Semiannually, the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) publishes an unclassified "Summary of the Reengagement of Detainees Formerly Held at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba" (Reengagement Report). According to ODNI's most recent Reengagement Report, since 2009, when current rules and processes governing transfer of detainees out of Guantanamo were put in place, ODNI assess that 5.1% of detainees – 10 men total, 2 of whom are deceased – are more likely than not to have reengaged in terrorist activities.
Plough flag
The Plough flag (simplified Chinese: 犁头旗; traditional Chinese: 犁頭旗; pinyin: lítóu qí) is a red banner with a white or yellow plough positioned in the center of it, widely used in the period of the Northern Expedition as the flag of the Chinese Peasants' Association.

Peng Pai
Peng Pai (Chinese: 彭湃; pinyin: Péng Pài; Wade–Giles: P'êng2 P'ai4; October 22, 1896 – August 30, 1929) was a pioneer of the Chinese agrarian movement and a leading revolutionary in the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) during its early years. He was born in Haifeng, Guangdong Province, China. Peng Pai was one of the few Chinese intellectuals who were aware in the early 1920s that peasantry and land issues caused the most critical problems for Chinese society. He believed that the success of any revolution in China must depend on the peasants as its base foundation. After his death, Peng was praised by Mao Zedong as "the king of peasant movement".
Normal (Feid song)
"Normal" is a song by Colombian singer Feid. It was released on July 8, 2022, through Universal Music Latino, as the fourth single from his fifth studio album, Feliz Cumpleaños Ferxxo Te Pirateamos el Álbum (2022).

Feid
Salomón Villada Hoyos (born 19 August 1992), better known by his stage names Feid and Ferxxo, is a Colombian singer, songwriter, and record producer. Born in Medellín, Colombia, he has worked with several well-known singers including Bad Bunny, J Balvin, Sebastián Yatra, Manuel Turizo, Maluma, and Karol G.
Abraham Koorilos I
Kattumanghattu Abraham Mar Koorilos I was the first primate and Metropolitan of the Malabar Independent Syrian Church in Kerala, India, although it was known initially as Thozhiyoor Church when established in 1772. Abraham Koorilos I is popularly known as Kattumangattu Valiya Bava.

Mar Koorilos I remained primate for 30 years from 1772 until his death on 10 July 1802. His brother succeeded him as primate of the church as Kattumangattu Geevarghese Mar Koorilose II until 1808.

Primate (bishop)
Primate (/ˈpraɪmət/; Latin: Primas) is a title or rank bestowed on some important archbishops in certain Christian churches. Depending on the particular tradition, it can denote either jurisdictional authority (title of authority) or (usually) ceremonial precedence (title of honour).
History of the Yoruba people
The documented history begins when Oranyan came to rule the Oyo Empire, which became dominant in the early 17th century. The older traditions of the formerly dominant Ile-Ife kingdom are largely oral.

The name "Yoruba" is said to be given to the people of the left bank of the Niger River, gotten from the demotic "Yarba" (same as the Hausa term "Yarriba") firstly mentioned in the work of Capt. Clapperton (Travels and Discoveries in Northern and Central Africa, 1822 - 1824) and referenced much later by Rev. Samuel Johnson (The History of The Yorubas). Prior to the generalization, each Yoruba tribes were called by native names, and the denotation was mainly for the Oyo.

Samuel Johnson (Nigerian historian)
The Rev. Samuel Johnson Listenⓘ(24 June 1846 – 29 April 1901) was an Anglican priest, diplomat, and historian of the Yoruba people, as well as the great-grandson of alaafin Abiodun, a powerful Yoruba king of the Oyo empire. He is most notable for his magnum opus The History of the Yorubas, published posthumously in 1921, in which Johnson endeavored to record the oral traditions and history of the Yoruba, which he feared were fast fading into obscurity. Lost, rewritten, and then narrowly escaping destruction during WWI, his history has since become "the most frequently cited and most influential volume about the Yoruba-speaking people". Besides his historical contributions, Johnson led an active life, variously serving as a minister, teacher, and school superintendent in Ibadan, capital city of the Oyo state in Nigeria. During the Yoruba Wars, he was an emissary involved in negotiations between the British, Ibadan chiefs, and the king of Oyo.
Muhammad Fauzi Yusoff
Muhammad Fauzi bin Yusoff is a Malaysian politician who has served as State Leader of the Opposition of Penang since November 2023 and Member of the Penang State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Sungai Dua since August 2023. He is a member of the Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), a component of the Perikatan Nasional (PN) coalition.

Sungai Dua (state constituency)
Sungai Dua is a state constituency in Penang, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Penang State Legislative Assembly.

The state constituency was first contested in 1974 and is mandated to return a single Assemblyman to the Penang State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system. Since 2013, the State Assemblyman for Sungai Dua is Muhamad Yusoff Mohd Noor from Barisan Nasional (BN).
Social media background check
A social media background check is an investigative technique that involves scrutinizing the social media profiles and activities of individuals, primarily for pre-employment screening and other official verifications. These checks are performed to review people's online behavioral history on social media websites such as Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn. Social media background checks have become a common part of recruitment processes, among other verification procedures.

Background check
A background check is a process used by an organisation or person to verify that an individual is who they claim to be, and check their past record to confirm education, employment history, and other activities, and for a criminal record. The frequency, purpose, and legitimacy of background checks vary among countries, industries, and individuals. An employment background check typically takes place when someone applies for a job, but it can also happen at any time the employer deems necessary. A variety of methods are used to complete these checks, including comprehensive database search and letters of reference.
Melrose (Casanova, Virginia)
Melrose, also known as Melrose Castle, is a historic home located near Casanova, Fauquier County, Virginia. The house was built between 1856 and 1860, and is a two-story, five-bay, L-shaped Gothic Revival style dwelling. It features a three-story-octagonal tower in the center bay and castellation along the parapet. The house was enlarged considerably around 1920 through a large addition to the west end for expanded service areas.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Fauquier County, Virginia
Fauquier County /fɔːˈkɪər/ is a United States county located on the Piedmont plateau of the Commonwealth of Virginia.  Part of the Northern Virginia region, Fauquier is included in the Washington metropolitan area.  As of the 2020 census, the county population was 72,972. The county seat is the large historic town of  Warrenton.

The county was created in 1759 from part of Prince William County and was named in honor of Francis Fauquier, the administrative head of Virginia Colony at the time.  Fauquier hosts the Virginia Gold Cup, which, having started in 1922, is one of the longest running steeplechase horse race events in the United States.
G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero (Devil's Due Publishing)
G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero (also known as G.I. Joe vol. 2 or G.I. Joe: Reinstated) is a comic book that was published by Image Comics from 2001 to 2005. Based on Hasbro, Inc.'s G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero line of military-themed toys, the series picks up seven years after the end of the Marvel Comics series.

G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero
G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero (also known as Action Force in Finland, Sweden and the UK) is a military-themed line of action figures and toys in Hasbro's G.I. Joe franchise. The toyline lasted from 1982 to 1994, producing well over 500 figures and 250 vehicles and playsets. The line reappeared in 1997 and has continued in one form or another to the present day. It was supported by two animated series as well as a major comic series published by Marvel Comics.

The toyline continues to play a large part in Hasbro's G.I. Joe franchise.
Open Geospatial Consortium
The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) is an international voluntary consensus standards organization that develops and maintains international standards for geospatial content and location-based services, sensor web, Internet of Things, GIS data processing and data sharing. The OGC was incorporated as a not for profit in 1994. At that time, the official name was the OpenGIS Consortium. It is a U.S.-registered 501c(6) non-profit with offices in Belgium and the U.K. Commercial, government, nonprofit, universities, and research organizations from around the world participate in a consensus process encouraging development, maintenance, and implementation of open standards.

Geographic data and information
Geographic data and information is defined in the ISO/TC 211 series of standards as data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location relative to Earth (a geographic location or geographic position). It is also called geospatial data and information, georeferenced data and information, as well as geodata and geoinformation.

Geographic data and information is stored in geographic databases and geographic information systems (GIS).
There are many different formats of geodata, including vector files, raster files, web files, and multi-temporal data.

Spatial data or spatial information is broader class of data whose geometry is relevant but it is not necessarily georeferenced, such as in computer-aided design (CAD), see geometric modeling.
Zhanat Suleimenov
Zhanat Kuanyshevich Suleimenov (Kazakh: Жанат Қуанышұлы Сүлейменов, romanized: Janat Quanyşūly Süleimenov; 22 July 1962 – 10 January 2022) was a Kazakh military leader and politician. He served as Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs from 2017 to 2019. He committed suicide on 10 January 2022, at the age of 59, after a criminal case was opened against him during the 2022 Kazakh protests. He and many Kazakh politicians have been accused of treason during the unrest, including the former head of Kazakhstan's national security committee, Karim Masimov.

National Security Committee (Kazakhstan)
The National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan (NSC) is an intelligence agency in Kazakhstan founded on 13 July 1992. It primarily manages the Border Service of Kazakhstan, which conducts oversight over the international borders of Kazakhstan. The NSC also oversees the Arystan ('Lions') commando unit.