hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1912–13 FA Cup
The 1912–13 FA Cup was the 42nd season of the world's oldest association football competition, the Football Association Challenge Cup (more usually known as the FA Cup). Aston Villa won the competition for the fifth time, beating Sunderland 1–0 in the final at Crystal Palace, London. Villa's triumph ended a series of new FA Cup winners which had occurred since 1909.

1909 FA Cup final
The 1909 FA Cup final was the final match of the 1908–09 FA Cup, the 38th season of England's premier club football cup competition. The match was played on 24 April 1909 at Crystal Palace, and was contested by Manchester United and Bristol City, both of the First Division. Manchester United won by a single goal, scored by Sandy Turnbull midway through the first half. This was the first of Manchester United's thirteen FA Cup titles to date.
Yōsuke Kondō
Yōsuke Kondō (近藤 洋介, Kondō Yōsuke; born May 19, 1965) is a Japanese politician of the Democratic Party of Japan, a member of the House of Representatives in the Diet (national legislature). Kondō, the son of former Minister of Labor Tetsuo Kondo, was born in Washington, D.C., but grew up in Yamagata Prefecture. A graduate of Keio University, he joined the national newspaper Nihon Keizai Shimbun in 1988, which he left in 1999. He was elected for the first time in 2003 after an unsuccessful run in 2000.

On 15 December 2022, he announced that he would run for the mayorship of Yonezawa. He was elected to a four-year term of office beginning December 22, 2023.

Yonezawa, Yamagata
Yonezawa (米沢市, Yonezawa-shi) is a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan.  As of 1 February 2020, the city had an estimated population of 81,707 in 33,278 households, and a population density of 150 persons per km2.  The total area of the city is 548.51 square kilometres (212 sq mi).  Yonezawa is most famous for its local delicacies (apples, Yonezawa beef, and carp) and for being a castle town that was once home to the Uesugi clan, including the daimyō Uesugi Yozan.
Sittin' on a Backyard Fence
Sittin' on a Backyard Fence is a 1933 Warner Bros. Merrie Melodies cartoon directed by Earl Duvall. The short was released on December 16, 1933.

The film score was composed by Norman Spencer and writing was done by Ben Hardaway.

Ben Hardaway
Joseph Benson Hardaway (May 21, 1895 – February 5, 1957) was an American storyboard artist, animator, voice actor, gagman, writer and director for several American animation studios during The Golden Age of Hollywood animation. He was sometimes credited as J. B. Hardaway, Ben Hardaway, B. Hardaway and Bugs Hardaway. He fought in World War I in the 129th Field Artillery Regiment, Battery D.
Westhoughton railway station
Westhoughton railway station is one of the two stations which serve the town of Westhoughton, in the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton, Greater Manchester, north-western England. The station is 15+1⁄2 miles (24.9 km) north west of Manchester Piccadilly.

Manchester–Southport line
The Manchester–Southport line is a railway line in the north-west of England, operated by Northern Trains. It was originally built as the Manchester and Southport Railway. The section between Wigan and Salford is also known locally as the Atherton Line.

Starting at the city centre stations of Manchester Victoria (also serving Salford Central on the fringe of the city centre) and Manchester Piccadilly (also serving Manchester Oxford Road and Deansgate), it runs in a north-western direction through the towns, villages and suburbs of the City of Salford and Wigan. It then proceeds in the same direction through the small rural villages of West Lancashire, before ending on the Irish Sea coast at the resort town of Southport.
Danan, Ethiopia
Danan (Somali: Dhanaan) (or "Denan") is a town in the eastern part of Ethiopia known as the Ogaden. Located in the Gode Zone of the Somali Region (or kilil), and it is located the main road between Gode and Kebri Dahar (Qabridahare) the nearest towns with electricity. This town was settled in 1911, and took the name of the district in 1935 during Emperor Haile-silase's rule of Ethiopia. This town has a latitude and longitude of 6°30′N 43°30′E﻿ / ﻿6.500°N 43.500°E﻿ / 6.500; 43.500.

Somali Region
The Somali Region (Somali: Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida, Amharic: ሱማሌ ክልል, romanized: Sumalē Kilil, Arabic: المنطقة الصومالية), also known as Soomaali Galbeed (lit. 'Western Somalia') and officially the Somali Regional State, is a regional state in eastern Ethiopia. It is the second largest region of Ethiopia in terms of area. The state borders the Ethiopian regions of Afar and Oromia to the west, as well as Djibouti to the north, Somaliland to the northeast, Somalia to the east and south; and Kenya to the southwest. Jijiga is the capital of the state.

The Somali regional government is composed of the executive branch, led by the President; the legislative branch, which comprises the State Council; and the judicial branch, which is led by the State Supreme Court.
Direct Democracy Now!
Direct Democracy Now! (Greek: Άμεση Δημοκρατία Τώρα! Amesi Dimokratia Tora!), also known as True Democracy Now! (Greek: Πραγματική Δημοκρατία Τώρα! and in Spanish as Democracia Real Ya Grecia) is a Greek grassroots NGO that was actively involved in the 2011 Greek protests. Inspired by the Spanish ¡Democracia Real YA! movement, Direct Democracy Now! co-ordinated demonstrations throughout Greece and published the proceedings of the people's assemblies at the central demonstration at Syntagma Square.

The movement is one of the first major Greek NGOs to be formed by citizens that did not care for any of the traditional political parties of Greece. The NGO functions as a platform for its members, known as the "indignants", where they exchange ideas and express their disapproval with the current particracy.

Particracy
Particracy, also known as partitocracy or partocracy, is a form of government in which the political parties are the primary basis of rule rather than citizens or individual politicians.

As argued by Italian political scientist Mauro Calise in 1994, the term is often derogatory, implying that parties have too much power—in a similar vein, in premodern times it was often argued that democracy was merely rule by the demos, or a poorly educated and easily misled mob. Efforts to turn particracy into a more precise scholarly concept so far appear partly successful.

Spanish political scientist Antonio García-Trevijano described particracy in 2010 as a form of government where representation and separation of powers are nullified by the way the political party system is organized, turning democracy into an "oligarchy of parties" where voters have little to no actual control over them.
Yerkebulan Kossayev
Yerkebulan Kossayev (born 30 October 1988 in Semey) is a Kazakhstani judoka who competes in the men's 60 kg category. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he was defeated in the third round.

Kossayev competed in the men's 60 kg event at the 2014 World Judo Championships held in Chelyabinsk, Russia.

Semey
Semey (/sɪˈmeɪ, sɛ-/; Kazakh: Семей / Semei [sʲɪˈmʲej] (listenⓘ), formerly known as Semipalatinsk (Russian: Семипалатинск [sʲɪmʲɪpɐˈɫatʲɪnsk]) until 2007 and as Alash-Qala (Kazakh: Алаш-қала / Alaş-qala [ɑˌɫɑʃ‿qɑˈɫɑ]) from 1917 to 1920, is a city in eastern Kazakhstan, in the Kazakh part of Siberia. When Abai Region was created in 2022, Semey became its administrative centre. It lies along the Irtysh River near the border with Russia, 1,000 kilometers (620 mi) north of Almaty and 700 kilometers (430 mi) southeast of the Russian city of Omsk. Its population is 312,764 (stat.gov.kz).
Ayerst
Ayerst is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Fiona Ayerst (born 1965), South African photographer

Peter Ayerst (1920–2014), Royal Air force officer

William Ayerst (1830–1904), British clergyman and missionary

William Ayerst Ingram (1855–1913), British painter

Peter Ayerst
Peter Vigne Ayerst, DFC (4 November 1920 – 15 May 2014) was a Royal Air force officer and flying ace of the Second World War. He was the last surviving No. 73 Squadron pilot and test pilot from Castle Bromwich Aerodrome.
Palchan
Palchan is a village in the Kullu district in the state of Himachal Pradesh, India. It has a population of 1,241 according to 2011 census. it is close to tourist places of Manali, Solang and Rohtang pass.

Manali, Himachal Pradesh
Manali (Hindi: manālī, pronounced [mənaːliː]) is a resort town, near Kullu town in the Kullu district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. It is situated at the northern end of the Kullu Valley, formed by the Beas River. The town is located in the Kullu district, approximately 270 kilometres (170 mi) north of the state capital of Shimla and 544 kilometres (338 mi) northeast of the national capital of New Delhi. Manali is a popular tourist destination in India and serves as the gateway to the Lahaul and Spiti district as well as the city of Leh in Ladakh.

Manali is the beginning of an ancient trade route through Lahaul (H.P.) and Ladakh, over the Karakoram Pass and onto Yarkand and Hotan in the Tarim Basin of China. As per the 2011 Census of India, the Manali Municipal Council had a population of 8,096, comprising 4,717 males and 3,379 females. Updated estimates suggest the town’s population is approximately 11,700 as of 2025.
Niels Henry Secher
Niels Henry Secher (born 24 June 1946) is a Danish medical research scientist and retired rower. Together with Jørgen Engelbrecht, he won a world title at the 1970 World Rowing Championships and finished fourth at the 1972 Summer Olympics in the double sculls event. In the single sculls, he placed eights at the 1968 Summer Olympics.

After retiring from competitions Secher focused on medical research, becoming professor and head of the Cardiovascular Research Laboratory at Rigshospitalet, part of Copenhagen University Hospital. His research is focused on brain blood flow and oxygenation.

Copenhagen University Hospital
Copenhagen University Hospital is a conglomerate of several hospitals in Region Hovedstaden and Region Sjælland in Denmark, together with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences at the University of Copenhagen.
Dramatic School (film)
Dramatic School is a 1938 American romantic drama film directed by Robert B. Sinclair and starring Luise Rainer, Paulette Goddard, Alan Marshal, Lana Turner, and Gale Sondergaard. Based on the play School of Drama by Hans Székely and Zoltan Egyed, the screenplay was written by Ernest Vajda and Mary C. McCall. The film was produced and distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

Henry Stephenson
Harry Stephenson Garraway (16 April 1871 – 24 April 1956) was a British actor. He generally portrayed amiable and wise gentlemen in many films of the 1930s and 1940s. Among his roles were Sir Joseph Banks in Mutiny on the Bounty (1935) and Mr. Brownlow in Oliver Twist (1948).
Windber Area School District
The Windber Area School District is a small, rural, public school district in Somerset County, Pennsylvania and Cambria County, Pennsylvania. It is centered in the borough of Windber, and also serves Paint Boro, Paint Township, and Ogle Township in Somerset County, plus Scalp Level Boro in Cambria County. Windber Area School District covers 69 square miles (180 km2). According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 9,640.

Scalp Level, Pennsylvania
Scalp Level is a borough in Cambria County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of the Johnstown, Pennsylvania Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, Scalp Level had a population of 744.
Puteri Indonesia 2010
Puteri Indonesia 2010, the 15th Annual Puteri Indonesia beauty pageant, was held in Jakarta Convention Center, Jakarta, Indonesia on October 8, 2010. Thirty eight contestants from all 33 provinces of Indonesia competed for the title of Puteri Indonesia, one of the most prominent beauty pageant titles in the country. Qory Sandioriva, Puteri Indonesia 2009 from Aceh crowned her successor Nadine Alexandra Dewi Ames of Jakarta SCR 4 at Assembly Hall, Jakarta Convention Center, Jakarta. Ames is going to represent Indonesia at the Miss Universe 2011 in  São Paulo, Brazil, while the first and second runners-up will represent the nation at the Miss International 2011 and the Miss Asia Pacific World 2011 respectively.

The event was broadcast live on Indonesian television network, Indosiar. Indonesian Minister for Female Empowerment and Child Protection, Linda Gumelar, as well as Ximena Navarrete, Miss Universe 2010, was present during the event.

Second United Indonesia Cabinet
The Second United Indonesia Cabinet (Indonesian: Kabinet Indonesia Bersatu II) was sworn in on 22 October 2009, two days after the inauguration of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono for the second term. The cabinet consisted of members from Yudhoyono's Democratic Party and its coalition partners (the Prosperous Justice Party, the National Mandate Party, the United Development Party, National Awakening Party and the Golkar Party) as well as non-party figures.
Layfield, Pennsylvania
Layfield is an unincorporated community in northwestern Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, on Route 73 and Route 663. It is located in New Hanover Township on the Swamp Creek, a tributary of the Perkiomen Creek. For a fraction of a mile 663 follows 73 (Big Road) in Layfield. 663 coming from Pennsburg is Layfield Road and coming from Pottstown is North Charlotte Street. Layfield is split between the Gilbertsville and Perkiomenville post offices, which use the zip codes of 19525 and 18074, respectively.

Pottstown, Pennsylvania
Pottstown is a borough in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. Pottstown was laid out in 1752–53 and named Pottsgrove in honor of its founder, John Potts. The old name was abandoned at the time of the incorporation as a borough in 1815. In 1888, the limits of the borough were considerably extended. Pottstown is the center of a productive farming and dairying region. As of the 2020 census, Pottstown had a population of 23,433.

Pottstown is located on the Schuylkill River. It is 29.1 miles (46.8 km) south of Allentown and 40.4 miles (65.0 km) northwest of Philadelphia. It is generally considered part of the Delaware Valley or Philadelphia metropolitan area.
Ensitrelvir
Ensitrelvir, sold under the brand name Xocova is an antiviral medication used as a treatment for COVID-19. It was developed by Shionogi in partnership with Hokkaido University and acts as an orally active 3C-like protease inhibitor. It is taken by mouth.

The most common adverse events include transient decreases in high-density lipoprotein and increased blood triglycerides.

Hypertriglyceridemia
Hypertriglyceridemia is the presence of high amounts of triglycerides in the blood. Triglycerides are the most abundant fatty molecule in most organisms.  Hypertriglyceridemia occurs in various physiologic conditions and in various diseases, and high triglyceride levels are associated with atherosclerosis, even in the absence of hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol levels) and predispose to cardiovascular disease.

Chronically elevated serum triglyceride levels are a component of metabolic syndrome and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, both of which typically involve obesity and contribute significantly to cardiovascular mortality in industrialised countries as of 2021. Extreme triglyceride levels also increase the risk of acute pancreatitis.

Hypertriglyceridemia itself is usually symptomless, although high levels may be associated with skin lesions known as xanthomas.
Mobile deep linking
In the context of mobile apps, deep linking consists of using a uniform resource identifier (URI) that links to a specific location within a mobile app rather than simply launching the app. Deferred deep linking allows users to deep link to content even if the app is not already installed. Depending on the mobile device platform, the URI required to trigger the app may be different.

Mobile device
A mobile device or handheld device is a computer small enough to hold and operate in hand. Mobile devices are typically battery-powered and possess a flat-panel display and one or more built-in input devices, such as a touchscreen or keypad. Modern mobile devices often emphasize wireless networking, to both the Internet and to other devices in their vicinity, such as headsets or in-car entertainment systems, via Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, cellular networks, or near-field communication.
Bireswar Sen
Bireswar Sen (1897–1974) was an Indian painter, writer, and teacher, who was influenced by the Bengal School of Art and Western modernism, but then later developed a unique visual language of miniatures. He depicted grand landscapes, mostly featuring the Himalayas, on paintings measuring smaller than postcards. Sen was popular and celebrated during his lifetime, but faded from public consciousness after his death.

However, there has been an increasing interest in his oeuvre, since the noted art historian B. N. Goswamy curated an exhibition of his works, titled Heaven and Earth: Himalayas and the Art of Bireswar Sen, at the National Gallery of Modern Art, New Delhi in 2010.

Bengal School of Art
The Bengal School of Art, commonly referred as Bengal School, was an art movement and a style of Indian painting that originated in Bengal, primarily Calcutta and Shantiniketan, and flourished throughout the Indian subcontinent, during the British Raj in the early 20th century. Also known as 'Indian style of painting' in its early days, it was associated with Indian nationalism (swadeshi) and led by Abanindranath Tagore (1871–1951), and was also being promoted and supported by British arts administrators like E. B. Havell, the principal of the Government College of Art and Craft, Kolkata from 1896; eventually it led to the development of the modern Indian painting.
Tourism in Bulgaria
Tourism in Bulgaria is a significant contributor to the country's economy. Situated at the crossroads of the East and West, Bulgaria has been home to many civilizations: Thracians, Greeks, Romans, Eastern Romans or Byzantines, Slavs, Bulgars, and Ottomans. The country is rich in tourist sights and historical artifacts, scattered through a relatively small and easily accessible territory. Bulgaria is internationally known for its seaside and winter resorts.

Bulgaria attracted over 13 million foreign tourists in 2024, according to the latest data from the National Statistics Institute. Tourists from five countries (Romania, Turkey, Greece, Germany and United Kingdom) account for approximately 50% of all visitors. The sector contributed to 15% of GDP and supported 150,000 workplaces in 2014.

Anastenaria
The Anastenaria (Greek: Αναστενάρια, Bulgarian: Нестинарство, romanized: Nestinarstvo) is a traditional barefoot firewalking ritual with ecstatic dance performed in some villages in Northern Greece and Southern Bulgaria. The communities which celebrate this ritual are descended from refugees who entered Greece from Eastern Thrace following the Balkan Wars of 1911–12 and the Population exchange between Greece and Turkey in 1923.
Frontbench of Arthur Calwell
The Frontbench of Arthur Calwell was the opposition Australian Labor Party frontbench of Australia from 7 March 1960 to 8 February 1967, opposing the Liberal-Country Coalition government.

Arthur Calwell became Leader of the Opposition upon his election as leader of the Australian Labor Party on 7 March 1960, and headed up the Australian Labor Party Caucus Executive until 1967.

Clyde Cameron
Clyde Robert Cameron, AO (11 February 1913 – 14 March 2008) was an Australian politician. He was a member of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) and served in the House of Representatives from 1949 to 1980, representing the Division of Hindmarsh. He was a leading figure in the Australian labour movement and held ministerial office in the Whitlam government as Minister for Labour (1972–1974), Labor and Immigration (1974–1975), and Science and Consumer Affairs (1975).
The World of Carl Sandburg
The World of Carl Sandburg was a stage presentation of selections from the poetry and prose of Carl Sandburg, chosen and arranged by Norman Corwin, starring Bette Davis.  There was a 21-week national tour 1959–1960, co-starring Davis's husband Gary Merrill, towards the end, he was replaced by Barry Sullivan.  Afterwards, there was a one-month run at the Henry Miller Theatre in the fall of 1960, co-starring Leif Erickson.  Guitar accompaniment and singing was provided by the folk singer and guitarist Clark Allen.

For the opening performances, both of the tour and on Broadway, Sandburg himself spoke after the production.

A printed text version, with commentary by Corwin and Sandburg, was then published in 1961.

Gary Merrill
Gary Fred Merrill (August 2, 1915 – March 5, 1990) was an American film and television actor whose credits included more than 50 feature films, a half-dozen mostly short-lived TV series, and dozens of television guest appearances. He starred in All About Eve and married his costar Bette Davis.
Text parser
In adventure games, a text parser takes typed input (a command) from the player and simplifies it to something the game can understand. Usually, words with the same meaning are turned into the same word (e.g. "take" and "get") and certain filler words are dropped (e.g. articles, or the "at" in "look at rock").

The parser makes it easier for the game's author to react on input. The author does not have to write special code to process the commands "get ye flask", "take ye flask", "get flask", "take flask", "take ye precious flask", etc. separately, as the parser will have stripped the input down to something like "take flask".

For the player, the game is more flexible, as the game has a larger vocabulary, and there are fewer guess-the-verb and guess-the-noun problems.

Parsers are used in early interactive fiction games like the Zork series, and more recently in games created by systems like Inform and TADS.

Inform
Inform is a programming language and design system for interactive fiction originally created in 1993 by Graham Nelson. Inform can generate programs designed for the Z-code or Glulx virtual machines. Versions 1 through 5 were released between 1993 and 1996. Around 1996, Nelson rewrote Inform from first principles to create version 6 (or Inform 6). Over the following decade, version 6 became reasonably stable and a popular language for writing interactive fiction. In 2006, Nelson released Inform 7 (briefly known as Natural Inform), a completely new language based on principles of natural language and a new set of tools based around a book-publishing metaphor.
Hwanghae dialect
Hwanghae dialect (황해 방언) is a dialect of Korean spoken in North Hwanghae Province, South Hwanghae Province in North Korea, as well as the islands of Baengnyeongdo, Yeonpyeongdo and Daecheongdo in Ongjin County, Incheon, South Korea. It may also be spoken among former Korean War refugees in cities such as Incheon.

Daecheongdo
Yeonpyeongdo

Baengnyeongdo

Daecheong Island

Daecheongdo (Korean: 대청도; lit. big blue island; pronounced [tɛtɕʰʌŋdo]) or Daecheong Island is a 12.63 km2 (4.88 sq mi), 7 km (4.3 mi) long and 6.3 km (3.9 mi) wide island in Ongjin County, Incheon, South Korea, near the Northern Limit Line.

The island is 19 km (12 mi) from the coast of South Hwanghae Province in North Korea.
Qafqaz və Merkuri cəmiyyətinin paroxodunun limandan yola düşməsi
Qafqaz və Merkuri cəmiyyətinin paroxodunun limandan yola düşməsi (Departure of the steamer of the Caucasus and Mercury Society from the port) is one of the earliest films produced in the cinema of Azerbaijan. Directed by Azeri cinema pioneer Alexandre Michon, it was released in the summer of 1898.

The film was shot on 35mm.

Cinema of Azerbaijan
Cinema of Azerbaijan dates back to the 19th century. Azerbaijan is one of the first countries in the world involved in cinematography. The first Azerbaijani film was a thirty second long silent film called The Oil Gush Fire in Bibiheybat, which was recorded using the cinematograph.