hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sobrado, León
Sobrado is a municipality in the province of León, Castile and León, Spain. It contains the following villages:

Sobrado

Aguiar

Cabeza de Campo

Friera

Requejo

Sobredo

Cancela

Portela de Aguiar

Cabarcos

Province of León
León (UK: /leɪˈɒn/, US: /leɪˈoʊn/; Spanish: [leˈon]; Leonese: Llión [ʎiˈoŋ]; Galician: [leˈoŋ]) is a province of northwestern Spain in the northern part of the Region of León and in the northwestern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León.

About one quarter of its population of 463,746 (2018) lives in the capital, León. The climate is dry, cold in winter and hot in summer. This creates the perfect environment for wine and all types of cold meats and sausages like the leonese "Morcilla" and the "Cecina".

There are two famous Roman Catholic cathedrals in the province, the main one in León and another in Astorga. The province shares the Picos de Europa National Park (in the Picos de Europa mountain range) with Cantabria and Asturias. It has 211 municipalities.
All I Need to Know (Kenny Chesney song)
"All I Need to Know" is a song written by Steve Seskin and Mark Alan Springer, and recorded by American country music artist Kenny Chesney.  It was released in July 1995 as the second single and title track from his album of the same name. It peaked at number 8 in both the United States and Canada.

Steve Seskin
Steve Seskin is an American singer, songwriter, and musician whose songs have been recorded by recording artists Garth Brooks, Reba McEntire, Waylon Jennings, Tim McGraw, Collin Raye, and Mark Wills among others. The debut single from McGraw's Set This Circus Down, "Grown Men Don't Cry", was nominated for a 2002 Grammy award and also garnered the No. 1 position on the Billboard Country Single Chart in June 2001. Seskin also is known for performing at schools in support of the Operation Respect/Don't Laugh at Me project, named after "Don't Laugh at Me," a song he wrote with Allen Shamblin that was recorded by Mark Wills and Peter, Paul and Mary, among others.

Seskin splits his time between touring, Nashville and Northern California.
The Three Stooges (2000 film)
The Three Stooges is an American biographical comedy drama television film about the slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges directed by James Frawley. The film was entirely shot in Sydney, Australia. It was broadcast on ABC on April 24, 2000. The film was released on DVD by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment in 2012 as part of the Sony Pictures Choice Collection, while it was released on Blu-ray as part of The Three Stooges Collection on August 13, 2024.

Joe DeRita
Joseph Wardell (July 12, 1909 – July 3, 1993), known professionally as Joe DeRita, was an American actor and comedian, who is best known for his stint as a member of The Three Stooges in the persona of Curly Joe DeRita.
Georges Foucart
Georges Foucart (11 December 1865, in Paris – 1943) was a French historian and Egyptologist. He was the son of archaeologist Paul Foucart (1836–1926), a professor of ancient Greek studies at the Collège de France.

From 1898 to 1906, he was a professor of ancient history at the University of Bordeaux, afterwards serving as a professor of history of religions at Aix-Marseille University. From 1915 to 1928, he was director of the Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale in Cairo.

Egyptology
Egyptology (from Egypt and Greek -λογία, -logia; Arabic: علم المصريات) is the scientific study of ancient Egypt, including historic artifacts and ancient writing. The topics studied include ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture, culture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end of its native religious practices in the 4th century AD.
SV Braunsbedra
SV Braunsbedra is a German association football club from the town of Braunsbedra, Saxony-Anhalt and is part of a larger sports club. The club's greatest success was promotion to the then fourth-tier NOFV-Oberliga Süd in 2001 for only one season.

NOFV-Oberliga Süd
The NOFV-Oberliga Süd is the fifth tier of the German football league system in the southern states of the former East Germany. It covers the German states of Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia, Saxony and southern Brandenburg. It is one of fourteen Oberligas in German football. Until the introduction of the 3. Liga in 2008 it was the fourth tier of the league system, and until the introduction of the Regionalligas in 1994 the third tier.
Memoirs from a Bedroom: Issue 1
Memoirs from a Bedroom: Issue 1 is the fourth EP by Australian rock band Papa Vs Pretty. It was released on 27 May 2011 as a limited edition EP alongside the band's 2011 debut studio album United in Isolation, as a bonus disc for JB Hi-Fi and Red Eye Records customers who pre-ordered the album.

The EP contains a selection of B-sides and demos of previously unreleased Papa Vs Pretty songs, written, performed and recorded by lead singer, guitarist and primary songwriter Thomas Rawle. The EP is Issue 1 of what the band hope will become a continued series of Memoirs from a Bedroom releases, although, ultimately was the solo released.

In May 2011, Rawle stated that he had written and produced approximately 30 albums worth of material at home in his bedroom, which he hopes to eventually release in the future.

Special edition
The terms special edition, limited edition, and variants such as deluxe edition, collector's edition, expanded edition, or nth anniversary edition are used as a marketing incentive for various kinds of products, originally published products related to the arts, such as books, prints, recorded music and films, and video games, but now including clothing, cars, fine wine, and whisky, among other products.  A limited edition is restricted in the number of copies produced, although in fact the number may be very low or very high. Suzuki (2008) defines limited edition products as those “sold in a state that makes them difficult to obtain because of companies limiting their availability to a certain period, quantity, region, or channel". A special edition implies there is extra material of some kind included.  The term is frequently used on DVD film releases, often when the so-called "special" edition is actually the only version released.
Saturday Night Live season 50
The fiftieth season of the American sketch comedy late night television program Saturday Night Live (also branded Saturday Night Live 50 and SNL50: The Anniversary Season) premiered on September 28, 2024 on NBC and Peacock,  with host Jean Smart and musical guest Jelly Roll, and concluded on May 17, 2025 with host Scarlett Johansson and musical guest Bad Bunny. In addition to the standard episodes hosted by celebrity guests and featuring musical acts, the series also had several months of acknowledgements, leading to a three-hour celebratory 50th anniversary special retrospective, which aired on February 16, 2025.

Molly Kearney
Molly Kearney (/ˈkɑːrni/; born May 2, 1992) is an American stand-up comedian and actor. In 2022, Kearney was hired to join the cast of the NBC sketch comedy series Saturday Night Live as a featured player for the show's 48th season, making their debut alongside Marcello Hernández, Michael Longfellow, and Devon Walker. Kearney left the show in 2024 after its 49th season.

Kearney uses they/them pronouns.
The Vampire Diaries season 3
The Vampire Diaries, an American supernatural drama, was officially renewed for a third season by the CW on April 26, 2011. The season aired from September 15, 2011, to May 10, 2012, and consisted of 22 episodes. The plot focused on the story of Klaus' origin, his relation with his family and revealed more about the Original family. The third season opened to generally positive reviews. The season takes a gap from the last season and begins with Elena Gilbert's 18th birthday, with all series regulars returning with the exception of Sara Canning, whose character, Jenna Sommers, was killed off in the previous season. Joseph Morgan's character Klaus became a series regular after previously appearing in a recurring role.

Persia White
Persia White (born October 25, 1972) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Lynn Searcy on the UPN/CW sitcom Girlfriends. She is also known for her role as Abby Bennett Wilson in The Vampire Diaries (2012–2017). White is also a singer, and released a solo album, Mecca, in 2009.
Church of the Cross, Riga
Church of the Cross (Latvian: Krusta evaņģēliski luteriskā baznīca) is a Lutheran church in Riga, the capital of Latvia. It is a parish church of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia. The church is situated at the address 120 Ropažu Street.

Church building is consecrated in 1910. It is one of the few Latvian churches which is built in Art Nouveau style.

Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia
The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia (Latvian: Latvijas Evaņģēliski luteriskā baznīca, or LELB) is a Lutheran Protestant church in Latvia. Latvia's Lutheran heritage dates back to the Reformation. The church reports having 250,000 members according to the Lutheran World Federation.
Rottweil – Tuttlingen
Rottweil – Tuttlingen is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 285. It is located in southwestern Baden-Württemberg, comprising the districts of Rottweil and Tuttlingen.

Rottweil – Tuttlingen was created for the inaugural 1949 federal election. Since 2021, it has been represented by Maria-Lena Weiss of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU).

1949 West German federal election
A federal election was held in West Germany on 14 August 1949 to elect the members of the first Bundestag, with a further eight seats elected in West Berlin between 1949 and January 1952 and another eleven between February 1952 and 1953. They were the first free federal elections in West Germany since 1933 and the first after the division of the country.

The CDU/CSU formed a centre-right coalition government with the FDP and the DP.
Arundel Mill and Castle
Arundel Mill and Castle is an 1837 landscape painting by the English artist John Constable. Produced the year of his death, it depicts a scene on the River Arun in Sussex. In the foreground is a mill, while Arundel Castle is shown in the distance. Today it is in the Toledo Museum of Art in Toledo, Ohio, described as Constable's last painting. Constable had viewed the scene while visiting George Constable, a friend and brewer. He was working on the painting in 1836, but shelved it to complete Cenotaph to the Memory of Sir Joshua Reynolds in time for that year's Summer Exhibition at the Royal Academy. He resumed work on it the following year but died before its completion. His friend Charles Robert Leslie felt it was far enough advanced to exhibit posthumously at that year's Royal Academy Exhibition. Leslie believed that the scene had reminded Constable of the Stour Valley in his native Suffolk.

Royal Academy Summer Exhibition
The Summer Exhibition is an open art exhibition held annually by the Royal Academy in Burlington House, Piccadilly in central London, England, during June, July, and August. The exhibition includes paintings, prints, drawings, sculpture, architectural designs and models, and is the largest and most popular open exhibition in the United Kingdom. It is also "the longest continuously staged exhibition of contemporary art in the world".

When the Royal Academy was founded in 1768, one of its key objectives was to establish an annual exhibition, open to all artists of merit, which could be visited by the public. The first Summer Exhibition took place in 1769; it has been held every year since without exception.
Binary entropy function
In information theory, the binary entropy function, denoted  or , is defined as the entropy of a Bernoulli process (i.i.d. binary variable)  with probability  of one of two values, and is given by the formula:

The base of the logarithm corresponds to the choice of units of information; base e (natural logarithm) corresponds to nats and is mathematically convenient, while base 2 (binary logarithm) corresponds to shannons and is conventional (as shown in the graph); explicitly:

Note that the values at 0 and 1 are given by the limit  (by L'Hôpital's rule); and that "binary" refers to two possible values for the variable, not the units of information.

When , the binary entropy function attains its maximum value of 1 shannon (1 binary unit of information); this is the case of an unbiased coin flip. When  or , the binary entropy is 0 (regardless of the unit), corresponding to no information, since there is no uncertainty in the variable.

Nat (unit)
The natural unit of information (symbol: nat), sometimes also nit  or nepit, is a unit of information or information entropy, based on natural logarithms and powers of e, rather than the powers of 2 and base 2 logarithms, which define the shannon. This unit is also known by its unit symbol, the nat.  One nat is the information content of an event when the probability of that event occurring is 1/e.

One nat is equal to ⁠1/ln 2⁠ shannons ≈ 1.44 Sh or, equivalently, ⁠1/ln 10⁠ hartleys ≈ 0.434 Hart.
1992 Uzbek League
The 1992 Uzbek League season was the first edition of top level football in Uzbekistan since independence from the Soviet Union in 1992. 17 teams took part in the championship which was won by both Pakhtakor Tashkent and Neftchi Farg'ona whom finished the championship on 51 points and therefore shared the first ever Uzbek League title.

Pakhtakor Tashkent were also put forward to enter the first Commonwealth of Independent States Cup as league champions for the 1993 campaign.

Shahrixonchi Shahrixon, Kimyogar Olmaliq and Surkhon Termez were relegated

Uzbekistan Super League
Uzbekistan Super League (Uzbek: Ўзбекистон Суперлигаси), known as Artel Super League due to sponsorship reasons (Uzbek: Artel Superligasi) is the top division of professional football in Uzbekistan. It is operated under the auspices of the Uzbekistan Professional Football League. It was founded in 1992 and currently has 16 teams. The top team qualifies to the group stage of the AFC Champions League.
Kosmos 31
Kosmos 31 (Russian: Космос 31 meaning Cosmos 31), also known as DS-MT No.2 was a technology demonstration satellite which was launched by the Soviet Union in 1964 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme. Its primary mission was to demonstrate an electric gyrodyne orientation system. It also carried a scientific research package as a secondary payload, which was used to study cosmic rays.

It was launched aboard a Kosmos-2I 63S1 rocket from Mayak-2 at Kapustin Yar. The launch occurred at 06:00 GMT on 6 June 1964.

Kosmos 31 was placed into a low Earth orbit with a perigee of 222 kilometres (138 mi), an apogee of 492 kilometres (306 mi), 49.0° of inclination, and an orbital period of 91.6 minutes. It decayed from orbit on 20 October 1964. Kosmos 31 was the second of three DS-MT satellites to be launched. The first, DS-MT No.1, was lost in a launch failure on 1 June 1963, and the third is Kosmos 51, which was launched on 9 December 1964.

Control moment gyroscope
A control moment gyroscope (CMG) is an attitude control device generally used in spacecraft attitude control systems. A CMG consists of a spinning rotor and one or more motorized gimbals that tilt the rotor’s angular momentum. As the rotor tilts, the changing angular momentum causes a gyroscopic torque that rotates the spacecraft.
Académie d'architecture
The Académie d'architecture (French pronunciation: [akademi daʁʃitɛktyʁ]) is a French learned society whose purpose is the recognition of architectural quality. Founded in 1840 as the Société centrale des architectes (French: [sɔsjete sɑ̃tʁal dez‿aʁʃitɛkt]; English: "Central Society of Architects"), the society was renamed Académie d'architecture in 1953, reviving the name of the former Académie royale d'architecture, founded in 1671 by Jean-Baptiste Colbert.

Learned society
A learned society (/ˈlɜːrnɪd/ LEHRN-id; also scholarly, intellectual, or academic society) is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline, profession, or a group of related disciplines such as the arts and sciences. Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some qualification, or may be an honour conferred by election.

Most learned societies are non-profit organizations, and many are professional associations. Their activities typically include holding regular conferences for the presentation and discussion of new research results, and publishing or sponsoring academic journals in their discipline. Some also act as professional bodies, regulating the activities of their members in the public interest or the collective interest of the membership.
Michael de Avila
Michael de Avila (also known as Mike D) is an American television personality, filmmaker, and producer from New York, New York.  He is the host of the fishing television show Lunkerville, which airs on the World Fishing Network. and NBC Sports Network.

Lunkerville is a CINE Golden Eagle award winner and Mike was chosen Viewer Favorite Host in 2004 by Sportsman Channel Viewers.

Mike D is also a filmmaker who has directed two feature-length dramatic films: the theatrically released "Lost Prophet" and the Sundance Channel premiere film "Burnzy's Last Call".

Sportsman Channel
Sportsman Channel is an American sports-oriented digital cable and satellite television network owned by the Outdoor Sportsman Group subsidiary of Kroenke Sports & Entertainment. The channel is dedicated to programming about outdoor sports, including hunting, shooting and fishing.

As of November 2023, Sportsman is available to approximately 12,000,000 pay television households in the United States-down from its 2015 peak of 34,000,000 households.
BH postcode area
The BH postcode area, also known as the Bournemouth postcode area, is a group of 26 postcode districts in southern England, within eleven post towns. These cover east Dorset (including Bournemouth, Poole, Broadstone, Christchurch, Ferndown, Swanage, Verwood, Wareham and Wimborne) and part of south-west Hampshire (including New Milton and Ringwood).

Wareham, Dorset
Wareham (/ˈwɛərəm/ WAIR-əm) is an historic market town and, under the name Wareham Town, a civil parish, in the English county of Dorset. The town is situated on the River Frome eight miles (13 km) southwest of Poole.
Iloilo's 2nd congressional district
Iloilo's 2nd congressional district is one of the five congressional districts of the Philippines in the province of Iloilo. It has been represented in the House of Representatives of the Philippines since 1916 and earlier in the Philippine Assembly from 1907 to 1916. The district consists of the municipalities of Alimodian, Leganes, Leon, New Lucena, Pavia, San Miguel, Santa Barbara and Zarraga. Until 1995, it previously included the former sub-province of Guimaras, which became a separate province in 1992. Prior to its second dissolution in 1972, it was composed of Iloilo City, the southern Iloilo municipalities of Leganes and Pavia, and the sub-province of Guimaras. It is currently represented in the 20th Congress by Kathryn Joyce F. Gorriceta of the Lakas-CMD.

Santa Barbara, Iloilo
Santa Barbara, officially the Municipality of Santa Barbara (Hiligaynon: Banwa sang Santa Barbara, Tagalog: Bayan ng Santa Barbara), is a municipality in the province of Iloilo, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 68,467 people. Santa Barbara is 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north of Iloilo City and is part of the Metro Iloilo–Guimaras area.
Qutapata
Qutapata (Aymara quta lake, pata step, also spelled Kkotapata, Kotapata) is a 5,300-metre-high (17,388 ft) mountain in the Cordillera Real in the Bolivian Andes. It is situated in the La Paz Department, Sud Yungas Province, Irupana Municipality, near the border with the Murillo Province, Palca Municipality. Qutapata lies south-west of the mountain Mururata and north-east of the mountain Wila Quta.

La Paz Department (Bolivia)
The La Paz Department of Bolivia comprises 133,985 square kilometres (51,732 sq mi) with a 2024 census population of 3,022,566 inhabitants. It is situated at the western border of Bolivia, sharing Lake Titicaca with the neighboring Peru. It contains the Cordillera Real mountain range, which reaches altitudes of 6.6 kilometers (22,000 ft). Northeast of the Cordillera Real are the Yungas, the steep eastern slopes of the Andes Mountains that make the transition to the Amazon River basin to the northeast. The capital of the department is the city of La Paz and is the administrative city and seat of government/national capital of Bolivia.
Bill McGee
William Henry "Fiddler Bill" McGee (November 16, 1909 – February 11, 1987) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball. He played for the St. Louis Cardinals and New York Giants. His key pitch was the sinker.

Sinker (pitch)
In baseball, a sinker or sinking fastball is a type of fastball which has significant downward and horizontal movement and is known for inducing ground balls. Pitchers capable of utilizing the sinker are able to throw the pitch almost exclusively, as it forces weak contact and ground balls, allowing them to rely less on secondary pitches in order to change speeds. While coaches agree that this pitch is very similar to the two-seam fastball, a two-seamer tends to have more lateral movement than a sinker. In either case, the pitch is thrown in a two-seam orientation and has a gyro angle far from 0 degrees, leading to  seam-shifted wake effects that cause downward and lateral movement compared to a four-seam fastball.
Mankhan, Khovd
Mankhan (Mongolian: Манхан) is a sum (district) of Khovd Province in western Mongolia. It is 80 km away from the city of Khovd.

It is home to the Khoit Tsenkher Cave, a UNESCO World Heritage Site containing Paleolithic cave paintings. The localities of Ishgent Tolgoi, Khoit Uzuur and Khukh Khad are noted for their petroglyphs. Lower and Upper Paleolithic tools were unearthed in the sum in the mid 1980s.

Districts of Mongolia
A district or sum (/sʊm/; Mongolian: сум ᠰᠤᠮᠤ) is a second-level administrative subdivision of Mongolia. The 21 provinces of Mongolia are divided into 330 sums.

On average, each district administers a territory of 4,200 km2 (1,600 sq mi) with about 5,000 inhabitants, primarily nomadic herders. Its total revenue is 120 million Tögrög, 90% of which comes from national subsidies.

Each district is again subdivided into bags (brigades; sometimes spelled baghs). Most bags are of an entirely virtual nature. Their purpose is to sort the families of nomads in the district into groups, without a permanent human settlement.

Officially, and occasionally on maps, many district seats (sum centers) bear a name different from that of the district. However, in practice the district seat (sum center) is most often referred to under the name of the district, to the point of the official name of the district seat (sum center) being unknown even to the locals.
Taiwanese rock
The Taiwanese rock is rock music from Taiwan. Taiwanese rock has been influenced by British, American, and Japanese rock over the latter half of the 20th century. As a genre, it is nurtured by regular festivals, notably the annual Spring Scream, Hohaiyan and Formoz festivals.

Hohaiyan Rock Festival
The Hohaiyan Rock Festival (traditional Chinese: 貢寮國際海洋音樂祭; simplified Chinese: 贡寮国际海洋音乐祭; pinyin: Gòngliáo Guójì Hǎiyáng Yīnyuèjì) was an annual Taiwan rock music festival held in Fulong Beach, Gongliao District, New Taipei, Taiwan.