hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Malinda Blalock
Sarah Malinda Pritchard Blalock (March 10, 1839, or 1842 – March 9, 1901, or 1903) was a female soldier during the American Civil War. Despite originally being a sympathizer for the right of secession, she fought on both sides. She followed her husband, William Blalock, and joined the CSA's 26th North Carolina Regiment, disguising herself as a young man and calling herself Samuel Blalock. The couple eventually escaped by crossing Confederate lines and joining the Union partisans in the mountains of western North Carolina. During the last years of the war, she was a pro-Union marauder raiding the Appalachia region. Today she is one of the most remembered female combatants of the Civil War.

26th North Carolina Infantry Regiment
The 26th North Carolina Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. The regiment was composed of ten companies that came from various counties across North Carolina and Virginia.
Nicotine lozenge
A nicotine lozenge is a modified-release dosage tablet (usually flavored) that contains a dose of nicotine polacrilex, which dissolves slowly in the mouth to release nicotine over the course of 20 to 30 minutes. Nicotine lozenges are intended to help individuals quit smoking and are generally an over-the-counter medication. Nicotine lozenges are commonly found in 2 mg and 4 mg strengths, although other strengths may be found. The nicotine is absorbed through the lining of the mouth and enters the blood vessels. It is used as an aid in nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), a process for smoking cessation.

Mouth
A mouth, also referred to as the oral, is the body orifice through which many animals ingest food and vocalize. The body cavity immediately behind the mouth opening, known as the oral cavity (or cavum oris in Latin), is also the first part of the alimentary canal, which leads to the pharynx and the gullet. In tetrapod vertebrates, the mouth is bounded on the outside by the lips and cheeks — thus the oral cavity is also known as the buccal cavity (from Latin bucca, meaning "cheek") — and contains the tongue on the inside. Except for some groups like birds and lissamphibians, vertebrates usually have teeth in their mouths, although some fish species have pharyngeal teeth instead of oral teeth.

Most bilaterian phyla, including arthropods, molluscs and chordates, have a two-opening gut tube with a mouth at one end and an anus at the other. Which end forms first in ontogeny is a criterion used to classify bilaterian animals into protostomes and deuterostomes.
Grainne Gallanagh
Grainne Gallanagh (/ˈɡrɔːnjə ˈɡælənə/; born 22 June 1994) is an Irish model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Universe Ireland 2018. She represented Ireland at Miss Universe 2018 and placed in the Top 20. She held the title of Miss Donegal in 2016 and was the runner up in Miss Earth NI.

Miss Universe 2018
Miss Universe 2018 was the 67th Miss Universe pageant, held at the Impact Arena in Pak Kret, Nonthaburi, Thailand, on 17 December 2018.

At the conclusion of the event, Demi-Leigh Nel-Peters of South Africa crowned Catriona Gray of the Philippines as Miss Universe 2018. This was the Philippines' fourth victory after their recent victory in 2015.

Contestants from ninety-four countries and territories competed in this year's pageant, surpassing the previous record of ninety-two in 2017. The pageant was hosted by Steve Harvey in his fourth consecutive year, along with supermodel Ashley Graham. Television personality Carson Kressley and runway coach Lu Sierra provided commentary and analysis throughout the event. American singer-songwriter Ne-Yo performed in this year's pageant.
Province-level divisions of China
The People's Republic of China is officially divided into 34 province-level administrative divisions, the first level of administrative division in the country. There are four types of divisions at the province level:

Provinces (23)

Autonomous regions (5)

Municipalities (4)

Special administrative regions (SARs, 2)

Province-level division can be traced back to the Yuan dynasty. The political status of Taiwan Province, as well as small portions of other provinces, are disputed.

Territorial disputes of China
The People's Republic of China (PRC) is currently engaged in a number of territorial disputes. A territorial dispute is a disagreement over the possession or control of land between two or more political entities.  Many of these disputes are almost identical to those that the Republic of China (ROC) based in Taipei, also known as Taiwan, has with other countries. Therefore, many of the subsequent resolved disputes made by the PRC after 1949 with other governments may not be recognized by the ROC.
Marlene Village, Oregon
Marlene Village is an unincorporated community in Washington County, Oregon, United States, and within the Portland metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, Marlene Village had a population of 5,485. It is located immediately northwest of Cedar Hills and south of the Sunset Highway (U.S. 26), lying east and west of Murray Blvd. Marlene Village began as a 400-home "low-cost residential development" on which construction started in early 1949.  It was named after Marlene Schnitzer, the then-infant granddaughter of the project's Portland-based developer, Harry Mittleman. The first block of 50 homes went on sale in August 1949. Fire protection and EMS services are provided through Tualatin Valley Fire and Rescue.

Tualatin Valley Fire and Rescue
Tualatin Valley Fire & Rescue (TVF&R) is a special-purpose government fire fighting and emergency services district in the Portland metropolitan area of Oregon. Established in 1989 with a merger between Washington County Fire District 1 and the Tualatin Rural Fire Protection District, it primarily provides fire and emergency medical services in eastern Washington County, but also provides services in neighboring Multnomah, Clackamas, and Yamhill counties. It serves unincorporated areas along with the cities of Beaverton, Tigard, Tualatin, West Linn, Wilsonville, and Sherwood, among others. With over 450 firefighters and 28 fire stations, the district is the second largest fire department in the state and has an annual budget of $197 million.
Frida Nevalainen
Frida Margareta Nevalainen (born 27 January 1987 in Umeå, Sweden) is an ice hockey player. Nevalainen is a defenceman for the Sweden women's national ice hockey team. She won a silver medal at the 2006 Winter Olympics. (In Swedish)

Her twin brother Patrik also played professional ice hockey, playing in the SM-liiga with Lukko and the Elitserien for Timrå IK.

Nevalainen was the second woman of all time to participate in the TV-pucken tournament, and the first to do so representing the province of Västerbotten.

She has also played for Tornado Moscow Region, a Russian team. Originally representing IF Björklöven she later transferred to Modo Hockey in the Riksserien (Sweden league elite). She played for the University of Windsor in the 2007–08 season.

Västerbotten
Västerbotten (Swedish: [ˈvɛ̂sːtɛrˌbɔtːɛn] ⓘ), sometimes called West Bothnia or Westrobothnia, is a province (landskap) in northern Sweden, located by the Gulf of Bothnia. It borders the provinces of Ångermanland, Lapland and Norrbotten. The region is famous for Västerbotten cheese.
José María Figueroa Oreamuno
José María Figueroa Oreamuno (Alajuela, December 17, 1820 – Cartago, August 18, 1900) was a Costa Rican writer, cartographer, explorer, merchant, genealogist, poet, caricaturist, ethnographer, and draftsman. The Figueroa Album – composed of a series of drawings, maps, family trees, photographs, caricatures, manuscripts – is considered an important document in the history of Costa Rica.

Caricature
A caricature is a rendered image showing the features of its subject in a simplified or exaggerated way through sketching, pencil strokes, or other artistic drawings (compare to: cartoon). Caricatures can be either insulting or complimentary, and can serve a political purpose, be drawn solely for entertainment, or for a combination of both. Caricatures of politicians are commonly used in newspapers and news magazines as political cartoons, while caricatures of movie stars are often found in entertainment magazines. In literature, a caricature is a distorted representation of a person in a way that exaggerates some characteristics and oversimplifies others.
Narodychi Raion
Narodychi Raion (Ukrainian: Народицький район) was a raion (district) of Zhytomyr Oblast in northern Ukraine. Its administrative centre was located at Narodychi. The last estimate of the raion population before its abolition in 2020 was 9,458 (2020 est.).

Raions of Ukraine
A raion (Ukrainian: район, romanized: raion; pl. райони, raiony), often translated as district, is the second-level administrative division in Ukraine. Raions were created in a 1922 administrative reform of the Soviet Union, to which Ukraine, as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, belonged.

On 17 July 2020, the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament) approved an administrative reform to merge most of the 490 raions, along with the "cities of regional significance", which were previously outside the raions, into just 136 reformed raions. Most tasks of the raions (education, healthcare, sport facilities, culture, and social welfare) were taken over by new hromadas, the subdivisions of raions. The 136 new districts include ten in Crimea, which have been de facto outside Ukrainian control since the start of the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014.
Peter Taylor (English cricketer)
Peter Michael Taylor (born 11 December 1942) was an English cricketer. He was a left-handed batsman who played for Bedfordshire. He was born in Cranfield, Bedfordshire.

Taylor made a single List A appearance for the team, during the 1967 Gillette Cup, against Northamptonshire. Alongside former England Test player Geoff Millman in the opening order, Taylor scored 25 runs, as Bedfordshire exited the competition in the first round.

1967 Gillette Cup
The 1967 Gillette Cup was the fifth Gillette Cup, an English limited overs county cricket tournament. It was held between 23 April and 2 September 1967. The tournament was won by Kent County Cricket Club who defeated Somerset County Cricket Club by 32 runs in the final at Lord's.
Artak Ghulyan
Artak Ghulyan (Armenian: Արտակ Ղուլյան; 28 December 1958 – 16 April 2025) was an Armenian architect and designer, and professor of the International Academy of Architecture. In September 2013, he received the title of "Honored Architect of the Republic of Armenia". In December 2013, he received the "State Prize of the Republic of Armenia" for the design of the Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Manuscript Library building at the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin.

Ghulyan designed many civil buildings and monuments, but his fame was mainly based on his evolutionary designs of new Armenian churches.

Armenian church architecture
Armenian church architecture is the distinctive style of church buildings that originated in the Armenian Highland during the Apostolic era of Christianity in the 1st century. It was developed over the last 1,900 years. According to professor Dickran Kouymjian (Ph.D. in Armenian Studies from Columbia University), the unique national style of Armenian church architecture came into being by the late 6th or early 7th century, probably becoming the first national style in Christian architecture, long before the Byzantine, Romanesque and Gothic or the less known Ethiopian, Scandinavian and Slavic styles were concretely formed.
Madonna and Child with a Book
Madonna and Child with a Book is a c.1475 tempera on panel painting by Vincenzo Foppa. In 1863 Antonio Guasconi left an extensive collection of art to the city of Milan, including this painting and it is now in the Castello Sforzesco in Milan.

The frame is inscribed with "AVE. SANCTISSIM(A). MARIA. PORTA. PA.RADIXI. DOMINA. MONDI. PURA. SINGULARISNE. VIRGO. SINGULARIS. TU. CONCEPISTI. IEXU...", the incipit of a prayer in honour of the Immaculate Conception, sometimes thought to have been written by pope Sixtus IV. The size of the work shows it was intended for private devotion.

Pope Sixtus IV
Pope Sixtus IV (or Xystus IV, Italian: Sisto IV; born Francesco della Rovere; (21 July 1414 – 12 August 1484) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 9 August 1471 until his death in 1484. His accomplishments as pope included the construction of the Sistine Chapel and the creation of the Vatican Library. A patron of the arts, he brought together the group of artists who ushered the early Renaissance into Rome with the first masterpieces of the city's new artistic age.

Sixtus created the Spanish Inquisition through the Papal bull Exigit Sinceræ Devotionis (1478), and annulled the Pontifical decrees of the Council of Constance. He was noted for his nepotism and was personally involved in the infamous Pazzi conspiracy, a plot to remove the Medici family from power in Florence.
Añasco barrio-pueblo
Añasco barrio-pueblo is a barrio-pueblo and the administrative center (seat) of Añasco, a municipality of Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010 was 912.

As was customary in Spain, in Puerto Rico, the municipality has a barrio called pueblo which contains a central plaza, the municipal buildings (city hall), and a Catholic church. Fiestas patronales (patron saint festivals) are held in the central plaza every year.

Pueblos in Puerto Rico
Pueblo is a term primarily used in Puerto Rico to refer to the municipal district (barrio) that serves as the administrative, historic and cultural center of a municipality. The concept of pueblo is often used locally as analogous to the concept of downtown in U.S. cities. Pueblos are officially called barrio-pueblo by the United States Census since 1990.
Videx
Videx, Inc., is a Corvallis, Oregon manufacturer of computer hardware such as access control products and data collection terminals. It was founded in 1979 by Paul Davis.

Its initial success came with the first release of the $345 Videoterm (80 column) display card in March 1980 and the $149 shift and custom keyboard mapping Enhancer II terminal card in November 1981, both for Apple II computers.  Later, in 1984, it released its $379 UltraTerm expansion card boasting high-definition 96-pixel characters and up to 128 × 32 character display. These products became obsolete when Apple released the Apple IIe with most of the 80-column card hardware built-in - only a much simpler and cheaper RAM card was then required.

Videx also produced software, including Desktop Calendar (1984) for the Apple Lisa.

In the mid-1980s, the company started divesting from personal computer products in favor of data collection products, namely barcode readers.

Data collection
Data collection or data gathering is the process of gathering and measuring information on targeted variables in an established system, which then enables one to answer relevant questions and evaluate outcomes. Data collection is a research component in all study fields, including physical and social sciences, humanities, and business. While methods vary by discipline, the emphasis on ensuring accurate and honest collection remains the same. The goal for all data collection is to capture evidence that allows data analysis to lead to the formulation of credible answers to the questions that have been posed.

Regardless of the field of or preference for defining data (quantitative or qualitative), accurate data collection is essential to maintain research integrity. The selection of appropriate data collection instruments (existing, modified, or newly developed) and delineated instructions for their correct use reduce the likelihood of errors.
Propositional function
In propositional calculus, a propositional function or a predicate is a sentence expressed in a way that would assume the value of true or false, except that within the sentence there is a variable (x) that is not defined or specified (thus being a free variable), which leaves the statement undetermined. The sentence may contain several such variables (e.g. n variables, in which case the function takes n arguments).

False (logic)
In logic, false (Its noun form is falsity) or untrue is the state of possessing negative truth value and is a nullary logical connective. In a truth-functional system of propositional logic, it is one of two postulated truth values, along with its negation, truth.  Usual notations of the false are 0 (especially in Boolean logic and computer science), O (in prefix notation, Opq), and the up tack symbol .

Another approach is used for several formal theories (e.g., intuitionistic propositional calculus), where a propositional constant (i.e. a nullary connective), , is introduced, the truth value of which being always false in the sense above. It can be treated as an absurd proposition, and is often called absurdity.
2025 Scottish Rally Championship
The Motorsport UK Scottish Rally Championship is a rallying series run throughout Scotland over the course of a year that comprises both gravel and tarmac surface rallies. The 2025 series will commence on the forest tracks around Inverness on 1 March with the season finale due to take place in the Forests, around Castle Douglas on 13 September.

The title sponsor for 2025 is Asset Alliance Group for the second year as part of a three year deal.

Following the Galloway Hills Rally in September driver David Bogie was declared champion having won 4 out of the 5 events thus far. His win meant he was crowned Scottish Rally Champion for a record breaking seventh time.

Scottish Rally Championship
The Scottish Rally Championship is a rallying series run throughout Scotland over the course of a year, that comprises both gravel and closed surface rallies.

Points are awarded to the top placed drivers and the driver scoring the highest number of points over the season is declared Champion. The championship has always been a breeding ground for many World Rally Championship drivers, including Colin & Alister McRae, Robbie Head and Barry Clark.

Notable previous champions have included Mitsubishi Ralliart founder Andrew Cowan, who won the championship in 1976 in a Colt Lancer, and former World Rally Champion, Colin McRae who performed a giant killing act when he took the series crown in 1988 in his humble Vauxhall Nova.
Global citizenship
Global citizenship is a form of transnationality, specifically the idea that one's identity transcends geography or political borders and that responsibilities or rights are derived from membership in a broader global class of "humanity". This does not mean that such a person denounces or waives their nationality or other, more local identities, but that such identities are given "second place" to their membership in a global community. Extended, the idea leads to questions about the state of global society in the age of globalization.

In general usage, the term may have much the same meaning as "world citizen" or cosmopolitan, but it also has additional, specialized meanings in differing contexts. Various organizations, such as the World Service Authority, have advocated global transnational citizenship.

The field of global citizenship, as a form of transnationality is transnationalism.

Transnationalism
Transnationalism is a research field and social phenomenon grown out of the heightened interconnectivity between people and the receding economic and social significance of boundaries among nation states.
The Red-Haired Alibi
The Red-Haired Alibi is an American pre-Code feature-length film produced by Tower Productions. The film was produced by Sigmund Neufeld. The title is often written as Red-Haired Alibi.

Released on October 15, 1932, it was directed by Christy Cabanne. The movie was based on a novel of the same name written by Wilson Collison. It is the first feature-length film to feature child actress Shirley Temple in the credits.

Sigmund Neufeld
Sigmund Neufeld (May 3, 1896 – March 21, 1979) was an American B movie producer. He spent many years at Poverty Row studio Producers Releasing Corporation where he mainly produced films directed by his brother Sam Newfield. When PRC was taken over by Eagle-Lion Films in 1947 they both left the company. Eagle-Lion had goals of making bigger, more ambitious movies, a change in strategy that Sigmund deemed to be a financial mistake. During the following years he and his brother made several films for Film Classics. When this company also merged with Eagle-Lion in 1950 they both moved to Lippert Pictures.

His son, Sigmund Neufeld Jr. was a director, mainly of TV Series and TV Movies.
Dave Armstrong (producer)
David Moseley (born 1979), better known as Dave Armstrong, is a Canadian record producer and DJ from Vancouver, British Columbia. He is best known for his tracks "Make Your Move" and "Love Has Gone". Armstrong achieved a number-one single on the UK Dance Singles Chart in January 2008 with "Love Has Gone", a collaboration with Redroche featuring vocals by H-Boogie. The single peaked at number 43 on the UK Singles Chart.

Ministry of Sound
Ministry of Sound or Ministry of Sound Group is a multimedia entertainment business based in London with a nightclub, shared workspace and private members' club, worldwide events operation, music publishing business and fitness studio.

James Palumbo is the co-founder and former chairman and CEO of the Group. He handed over the day-to-day running of the business to Lohan Presencer in 2008. In 2018, Presencer became chairman.
Hoher Riffler (Zillertal Alps)
The Hoher Riffler is a 3,231 metre high mountain in the Zillertal Alps, on the eastern part of the main chain of the Tux (Tuxer Hauptkamm), in the Austrian state of Tyrol. The peak is firn-covered on its northern side, but from the south it looks like a rocky summit. Ridges run from the top towards the southwest, north, northeast and southeast, some of them carrying approach paths. The summit is easily attained from the mountain hut of Spannagelhaus to the west or the Friesenberghaus to the south and, as a result, is often visited. In winter it is an easy destination for ski mountaineers. The peak was first ascended during the Austrian national survey. The first tourist climber, according to the literature, was one H. Weber, guided by Georg Samer in 1875.

Ski mountaineering
Ski mountaineering (abbreviated to skimo) is a skiing discipline that involves climbing mountains either on skis or carrying them, depending on the steepness of the ascent, and then descending on skis. There are two major categories of equipment used: free-heel telemark skis and skis based on alpine skis, where the heel is free for ascents, but is fixed during descent. The discipline may be practiced recreationally or as a competitive sport.

Competitive ski mountaineering is typically a timed racing event that follows an established trail through challenging winter alpine terrain while passing through a series of checkpoints. Racers climb and descend under their own power using backcountry skiing equipment and techniques. More generally, ski mountaineering is an activity that variously combines ski touring, telemark, backcountry skiing, and mountaineering.

Ski mountaineering made its debut as an Olympic Games event in the 2026 Winter Olympics.
Bump Mountain
Bump Mountain is a mountain located in the Catskill Mountains of New York northeast of Ashland. Richtmyer Peak is located north-northeast, The Knob is located west, and Ashland Pinnacle is located west-southwest of Bump Mountain.

Ashland, Greene County, New York
Ashland is a town in Greene County, New York, United States. The population was around 682 based on the 2020 US census, down from 784 in the 2010 census. Ashland is in the northwestern part of the county.