hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Municipal Commission of Singapore
The Municipal Commission of Singapore, originally the Municipal Council from 1856, was a body created in 1887 by the British colonial government to replace the Municipal Committee that was created in June 1848. The role of the commission was to manage key services for the Town of Singapore, such as utilities, water services and urban planning. The body had commission board members internally elected but ceased from 1913 until 1949, after which it acted like a quasi-municipal government for a brief period with local elections until the City Council of Singapore was created in 1951.

Singapore in the Straits Settlements
Singapore was part of the Straits Settlements between 1826 and 1942, together with Penang and Malacca. Singapore was the capital and the seat of government of the Straits Settlements after it had been moved from George Town in 1832.

From 1830 to 1867, the Straits Settlements was a residency, or subdivision, of the Presidency of Bengal, in British India. In 1867, the Straits Settlements became a separate Crown colony, directly overseen by the Colonial Office in Whitehall in London. The period saw Singapore establish itself as an important trading port and developed into a major city with a rapid increase in population. The city remained as the capital and seat of government until British rule was suspended in February 1942, when the Imperial Japanese Army invaded Singapore during World War II. Following the war, it was officially replaced by the Colony of Singapore in 1946.
Whitby Dunlops
The Whitby Dunlops were a Canadian senior ice hockey team in the Allan Cup Hockey league. The team began play in 2004, and is on a leave of absence as of the 2020–21 season.

Two previous teams have also played as the Whitby Dunlops. The first played in the OHA Senior A League from 1954 to 1960, winners of the 1958 World Ice Hockey Championships. The second was a junior ice hockey team for the 1962–63 season.

Allan Cup
The Allan Cup is the trophy awarded annually to the senior ice hockey champions of Canada. It was donated by Sir Montagu Allan of Ravenscrag, Montreal, and has been competed for since 1909. It was most recently won by the Wentworth Gryphins in 2025.
Pensarn, Gwynedd
Pensarn (or Pen-sarn) is a small village in the Ardudwy area of Gwynedd, Wales. It is situated on the coastal road between Llanbedr and Harlech.

Pensarn railway station is an unstaffed halt on the Cambrian Coast Railway. The Christian Mountain Centre (CMC) is housed in the old Pensarn Wharf buildings.

Ardudwy
Ardudwy (Welsh pronunciation: [arˈdɨ̞duːɨ̯]) is an area of Gwynedd in north-west Wales, lying between Tremadog Bay and the Rhinogydd. Administratively, under the old Kingdom of Gwynedd, it was first a division of the sub kingdom (cantref) of Dunoding and later a commote in its own right. The fertile swathe of land stretching from Barmouth to Harlech was historically used as pasture. The name exists in the modern community and village of Dyffryn Ardudwy.
Tolon, Khadansky Rural Okrug, Suntarsky District, Sakha Republic
Tolon (Russian: Толон; Yakut: Толоон, Toloon) is a rural locality (a selo) in Khadansky Rural Okrug of Suntarsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 26 kilometers (16 mi) from Suntar, the administrative center of the district, and 1 kilometer (0.62 mi) from Agdary, the administrative center of the rural okrug. It had no recorded population as of the 2010 Census and the 2002 Census.

Suntar (rural locality)
Suntar (Russian: Сунта́р; Yakut: Сунтаар, Suntaar) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Suntarsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the Vilyuy River. Population:  10,034 (2010 Census); 8,930 (2002 Census); 6,707 (1989 Soviet census).
1995 Canoe Slalom World Cup
The 1995 Canoe Slalom World Cup was a series of five races in 4 canoeing and kayaking categories organized by the International Canoe Federation (ICF). It was the 8th edition. The series consisted of 4 regular world cup races and the world cup final.

Canoe Slalom World Cup
The ICF Canoe Slalom World Cup is an annual season-long series of top level races in canoe slalom held under the auspices of the International Canoe Federation. It has been held since 1988 in four canoe and kayak disciplines for men and women. The four original disciplines were men's single canoe (C1), men's double canoe (C2), men's kayak (K1) and women's kayak. A women's single canoe discipline (C1) was added to the world cup in 2010. The men's C2 event was removed from the world cup series in 2018 and it was replaced by the mixed C2 event. The mixed C2 event only lasted for one season, however. 2018 was also the first time that world cup points were awarded for the kayak cross (called extreme K1 at the time). Kayak cross individual (a kayak cross time trial event) was introduced as a separate discipline in 2025. The time trial is simultaneously used as a qualification run for the kayak cross knockout phase.
McDonnell–La Bourdonnais, match 4, game 16
The sixteenth chess game in the fourth match between Alexander McDonnell and Louis-Charles Mahé de La Bourdonnais played in London in 1834 is famous for demonstrating the power of a mobile central block of pawns. Its final position is one of the most famous in the history of the game.

It was one of the earliest games in master chess to employ the Sicilian Defence and was instrumental in popularising the defence.

Glossary of chess
This glossary of chess explains commonly used terms in chess, in alphabetical order. Some of these terms have their own pages, like fork and pin.

For a list of:

unorthodox chess pieces, see Fairy chess piece;

terms specific to chess problems, see Glossary of chess problems;

named opening lines, see List of chess openings;

chess-related games, see List of chess variants;

terms general to board games, see Glossary of board games.
Lower Portland, New South Wales
Lower Portland is a rural suburb near Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Lower Portland is located 80 kilometres northwest of the Sydney central business district, in the local government areas of The Hills Shire (east of the Hawkesbury River and the City of Hawkesbury (west of the Hawkesbury River). Lower Portland is a peaceful hamlet located at the junction of the Colo and Hawkesbury rivers. The area has historical significance, is scenic and is popular for water skiing.

City of Hawkesbury
The City of Hawkesbury is a local government area that is located on the far northwest fringe of the Greater Sydney area in New South Wales, Australia. The local government area is located in the Hawkesbury and Blue Mountains regions. Hawkesbury City is named after the Hawkesbury River. Major towns in the City of Hawkesbury are Windsor and Richmond. It is a member council of the Hawkesbury River County Council.

The mayor of the City of Hawkesbury is Cr. Les Sheather, an independent.
Jimmy Gresham
James H. Gresham (born October 14, 1934 in Selma, Alabama), is a soul singer and writer. BMI list 14 songs to his credit. He wrote and produced records in Los Angeles in the 1960s. He also played in Rosey Grier's band, and wrote and produced records for Rosey's record label "Tac-Ful". He has appeared on shows with the late Wilson Pickett, Joe Tex, and many other "Soul Greats". He served in the United States Navy during the Korean War and was awarded the National Defense Medal, and the China Service Medal.

Joe Tex
Yusuf Hazziez (born Joseph Arrington Jr.; August 8, 1935 – August 13, 1982), known professionally as Joe Tex, was an American singer and musician who gained success in the 1960s and 1970s with his brand of Southern soul, which mixed the styles of funk, country, gospel, and rhythm and blues.

His career started after he was signed to King Records in 1955 following four wins at the Apollo Theater. Between 1955 and 1964, he struggled to find hits, and by the time he finally recorded his first hit, "Hold What You've Got" in 1964, he had recorded 30 previous singles that were deemed failures on the charts. He went on to have four million-selling hits: "Hold What You've Got" (1965), "Skinny Legs and All" (1967), "I Gotcha" (1972), and "Ain't Gonna Bump No More (With No Big Fat Woman)" (1977).

Tex was nominated for the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame six times, most recently in 2017.
Rayleigh–Plesset equation
In fluid mechanics, the Rayleigh–Plesset equation or Besant–Rayleigh–Plesset equation is a nonlinear ordinary differential equation which governs the dynamics of a spherical bubble in an infinite body of incompressible fluid.  Its general form is usually written as

where

is the density of the surrounding liquid, assumed to be constant

is the radius of the bubble

is the kinematic viscosity of the surrounding liquid, assumed to be constant

is the surface tension of the bubble-liquid interface

, in which,  is the pressure within the bubble, assumed to be uniform and  is the external pressure infinitely far from the bubble

Provided that  is known and  is given, the Rayleigh–Plesset equation can be used to solve for the time-varying bubble radius .

The Rayleigh–Plesset equation can be derived from the Navier–Stokes equations under the assumption of spherical symmetry. It can also be derived using an energy balance.

Ordinary differential equation
In mathematics, an ordinary differential equation (ODE) is a differential equation (DE) dependent on only a single independent variable. As with any other DE, its unknown(s) consists of one (or more) function(s) and involves the derivatives of those functions. The term "ordinary" is used in contrast with partial differential equations (PDEs) which may be with respect to more than one independent variable, and, less commonly, in contrast with stochastic differential equations (SDEs) where the progression is random.
Ak-Suu (Chu)
The Ak-Suu or Aqsu (Kyrgyz: Ак-Суу [ɑq suː], Kazakh: Ақсу Aqsū, both meaning "white water") is a river running through mostly Moskva District, Chüy Region, Kyrgyzstan and Shu District, Jambyl Region, Kazakhstan. It is 155 kilometres (96 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 483 square kilometres (186 sq mi). It takes its rise on the northern slope of the Kyrgyz Ala-Too, and it runs through the Narzan Valley north into the Chüy Valley and through the city of Belovodskoye, which is named after it. It flows into the Chu (left tributary) in southern Kazakhstan.

Kyrgyz Ala-Too Range
The Kyrgyz Ala-Too also known as Kyrgyz Alatau, Kyrgyz Range, and Alexander Range (until 1933) is a large range in the northern Tien-Shan. It stretches for a total length of 454 km from the west-end of Issyk-Kul to the town Taraz in Kazakhstan. It runs in the east–west direction, separating Chüy Valley from Kochkor Valley, Suusamyr Valley, and Talas Valley. Talas Ala-Too Range adjoins the Kyrgyz Ala-Too in vicinity of Töö Ashuu Pass. The western part of Kyrgyz Ala-Too serves as a natural border between Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan.

Parts of the range are contained within Ala Archa National Park, a popular alpine recreation area.
Municipal corporation (India)
A municipal corporation is a 
type of local government in India which administers an urban area having a population of one million or more. The growing population and urbanization of various Indian cities highlighted the need for a type of local governing body that could provide services such as healthcare, education, housing and transport by collecting property taxes and administering grants from the state government.

The municipal corporation carries out its function through divisions or departments. For example, water supply and sewage disposal Undertaking, Housing Board, Education Department and Electricity Department.

The 74th Amendment Act defined the formations of urban local governments and their activities.

Greater Chennai Corporation
Greater Chennai Corporation (GCC)  is a local government for the City of Chennai in the Chennai Metropolitan Area of Tamil Nadu, India. Inaugurated on 29 September 1688, under a royal charter issued by King James II of England on 30 December 1687 as the Corporation of Madras, it is the oldest municipal body of the Commonwealth of Nations outside Great Britain. It is the largest municipal corporation in Tamil Nadu with an area of 426 km2. It is headed by a mayor, who presides over 200 councillors, each of whom represents one of the 200 wards of the city. It is the second oldest corporation in the world after the City of London. The city limits, which had been expanded several times over the years, is currently coterminous with the Chennai district. It is one of the four municipal corporations located within the Chennai Metropolitan Area, the other three being the Tambaram Corporation, Avadi City Municipal Corporation and Kanchipuram Municipal Corporation.
Balón de Oro (Mexico)
Balón de Oro, also referred to as Mexican Golden Ball (Spanish: Balón de Oro del fútbol mexicano), is an annual awards ceremony held by the Mexican Federation of Association Football to recognize outstanding association football players, head coaches, and referees of the Liga MX each season. Since 1997, the ceremony has been held at the end of the football season. Since the 1996–1997 season, the league championship has been split into two single-round tournaments, giving rise to the current Apertura and Clausura arrangement, and Balón de Oro followed them. In 2001–2002, no awards were handed out as the officials forgot to organize an election. The ceremony entered a 4-year hiatus following the 2012 Clausura until the 2015–16 Liga MX season.

Mexican Football Federation
The Mexican Football Federation (Spanish: Federación Mexicana de Fútbol Asociación, A.C.), abbreviated as FMF, is the official governing body of football in Mexico. It administers the men's and women's national teams with all the youth teams, the national teams of futsal and beach soccer, the Liga MX with all the professional promotion divisions, all affiliated amateur sectors, and controls promoting, organizing, directing, expanding, and supervising competitive football in Mexico.

The FMF was established on 23 August 1927 to replace the Federación Central de Fútbol, the first president was Humberto Garza Ramos. It is an affiliate member of FIFA since 1929, and an affiliate founding member of CONCACAF since 1961. Subject to policies, statutes, objectives and ideals of those international governing bodies. Its headquarters are located in Toluca, State of Mexico.
Swimming at the 2018 Commonwealth Games – Women's 50 metre butterfly S7
The women's 50 metre butterfly S7 event at the 2018 Commonwealth Games was held on 5 April at the Gold Coast Aquatic Centre. Per Commonwealth Games regulations, as only four participants entered the event, only a gold and silver medal would be awarded.

Gold Coast Aquatic Centre
The Gold Coast Aquatic Centre (also known as the Optus Aquatic Centre for the Gold Coast 2018 Commonwealth Games) is a public swimming pool complex located in the Southport Broadwater Parklands on the Gold Coast, Queensland. It was the swimming and diving facility for the 2018 Commonwealth Games.
Galería La Cometa
Galería La Cometa is an art gallery with spaces in multiple cities including Miami, United States, Bogotá, Colombia, Medellín, Colombia, and Madrid, Spain.

Founded by Colombian art dealer Esteban Jaramillo, the gallery was inaugurated in Bogotá in 1986. As one of Colombia's oldest galleries operating continuously in contemporary art, the program focuses heavily on artists with ties to Latin America. Galería La Cometa is notable for its significant artist roster and exhibiting artists, including Olga de Amaral, Ai Weiwei, Feliza Bursztyn, Camilo Restrepo, Miguel Ángel Rojas, Glenda León, Jim Amaral, and Ana González.

Galería La Cometa is for its connections with institutions and museums, including the Museo de Arte Moderno in Bogotá, and Museo de Arte Contemporáneo in Bogotá.

Contemporary art gallery
A contemporary art gallery is normally a commercial art gallery operated by an art dealer which specializes in displaying for sale contemporary art, usually new works of art by living artists. This approach has been called the "Castelli Method" after Leo Castelli, whose success was attributed to his active involvement in discovering and promoting emerging artists beginning in the late 1950s with Jasper Johns and Robert Rauschenberg.
Woking Borough Council elections
One third of Woking Borough Council in Surrey, England is elected each year, followed by one year without election. Since the last boundary changes in 2016, 30 councillors have been elected from 10 wards.

Woking Borough Council
Woking Borough Council is the local authority for Woking in Surrey, England. The council consists of 30 councillors, three for each of the 10 wards in the town. It is currently controlled by the Liberal Democrats, led by Ann-Marie Barker. The borough council is based at Woking Civic Offices.
Old Village Historic District (Monroe, Michigan)
The Old Village Historic District is a commercial and residential historic district consisting of the downtown area of the city of Monroe in Monroe County, Michigan.  The district was listed as a Michigan Historic Site and added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 6, 1982.

The area is commonly referred to as the downtown area and is the oldest settled area in Monroe, dating back to 1817 when the area was first platted.  Some of the oldest surviving buildings in this district date back to 1830, and the district incorporates several different architectural styles.  The stretch of the district that runs along M-125 is also designated as one of the Pure Michigan Byways.

River Raisin
The River Raisin (Ottawa: Nummasepee, 'River of Sturgeon') is a 135-mile-long (217 km) river in southeast Michigan, United States, that flows in a generally easterly direction through glacial sediments before emptying into Lake Erie. The River Raisin drainage basin covers approximately 1,072 square miles (2,780 km2) in the Michigan counties of Monroe, Lenawee, Washtenaw, Jackson, and Hillsdale, along with Fulton County in northwest Ohio.

Today, the land within its bounds is primarily used for agriculture, and light industry. Historically, the river served as a canoe transportation route for various Native American tribes, and for French Canadian Voyageurs. The river's English name comes from the French Rivière aux Raisins (translated as "River of Grapes"), in reference to the wild grapes growing along its banks.
Daihatsu Rugger
The Daihatsu Rugger (Japanese: ダイハツ・ラガー, Daihatsu Ragā) is an off-road vehicle built by Daihatsu between 1984 and 2002. The Rugger was also called the Rocky in most export markets, and Fourtrak in the United Kingdom. It has also received a series of different names elsewhere, which is why it is often referred to by its model designation (F70 for diesel variants or F80 for petrol variants) to distinguish it from its various siblings. In Japan and the US, the Rocky name refers to the smaller F300 series of Daihatsu vehicles.

Off-road vehicle
An off-road vehicle (ORV), also known as an off-highway vehicle (OHV), overland vehicle or adventure vehicle, is a type of transportation specifically engineered to navigate unpaved roads and surfaces. These include trails, forest roads, and other low-traction terrains. Off-road vehicles are widely used in various contexts, from recreational activities to practical applications like agriculture and construction. Events such as the annual Dakar Rally, which spans multiple countries and challenges participants with diverse and extreme terrains, have brought significant attention to these vehicles.
La Huérguina Formation
The La Huérguina Formation (also known as the Calizas de La Huérguina Formation, La Huérguina Limestone Formation or as the Una Formation) is a geological formation in Spain whose strata date back to the Barremian stage of the Early Cretaceous. Las Hoyas is a Konservat-Lagerstätte within the formation, located near the city of Cuenca, Spain. The site is mostly known for its exquisitely preserved dinosaurs, especially enantiornithines. The lithology of the formation mostly consists of lacustrine limestone deposited in a freshwater wetland environment.

Lacustrine deposits
Lacustrine deposits are sedimentary rock formations which formed in the bottom of ancient lakes. A common characteristic of lacustrine deposits is that a river or stream channel has carried sediment into the basin.  Lacustrine deposits form in all lake types including rift graben lakes, oxbow lakes, glacial lakes, and crater lakes.  Lacustrine environments, like seas, are large bodies of water.  They share similar sedimentary deposits which are mainly composed of low-energy particle sizes.  Lacustrine deposits are typically very well sorted with highly laminated beds of silts, clays, and occasionally carbonates.  In regards to geologic time, lakes are temporary and once they no longer receive water, they dry up and leave a formation.
Tephrocybe rancida
Fungi portal

Tephrocybe rancida is a species of fungus in the family Lyophyllaceae. It was first described by Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries in 1821. It is commonly called the rancid greyling due to its rancid smell and taste.

Lyophyllaceae
The Lyophyllaceae is a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. A 2008 estimate indicated eight genera and 157 species; as of November 2014, the Catalog of Life lists 13 genera in the family.  The taxon was originally circumscribed in 1938 by mycologist Robert Kühner as the tribe Lyophylleae (in the family Tricholomataceae), but raised to the taxonomic rank of family and renamed the Lyophyllaceae by Walter Jülich in 1981.

Some species are popular as edible fungi, such as the brown beech mushroom Hypsizygus tessulatus, the St. George's mushroom Calocybe gambosa, and Lyophyllum shimeji.
Garden Home–Whitford, Oregon
Garden Home-Whitford is a census-designated place (CDP) consisting of the neighborhoods of Garden Home and the smaller Whitford area in Washington County, Oregon, United States. They are located in the southwest hills of Portland, near Beaverton. As of the 2020 census, the CDP population was 7,081.

Beaverton, Oregon
Beaverton is a city in the Tualatin Valley, located in Washington County in the U.S. state of Oregon, with a small portion bordering Portland. The city is among the main cities that make up the Portland metropolitan area. Its population was 97,494 at the 2020 census, making it the second most populous city in the county and the seventh-most populous city in Oregon. Beaverton is an economic center for Washington County along with neighboring Hillsboro.
Dado (painter)
Miodrag Đurić (Montenegrin: Миодраг Ђурић; 4 October 1933 – 27 November 2010), known as Dado (Montenegrin: Дадо), was a Montenegrin-born artist who spent most of his life and creative career in France. He is particularly known as a painter but was also active as an engraver, draftsman, book illustrator and sculptor.

Montenegrin language
Montenegrin (crnogorski / црногорски [tsr̩nǒɡorskiː]) is the standard variety of the Serbo-Croatian language mainly used by Montenegrins. It is the official language of Montenegro. Montenegrin is based on the most widespread dialect of Serbo-Croatian, Shtokavian, more specifically on Eastern Herzegovinian, which is also the basis of Standard Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian.

The language used in Montenegro has historically and traditionally been called simply as Serbian. The idea of a Montenegrin standard language distinct from Serbian is a relatively recent political development that emerged in the late 1990s and early 2000s amid the breakup of Yugoslavia. It was closely associated with movements advocating Montenegrin independence from Serbia and Montenegro. Following independence, Montenegrin was designated the official language of Montenegro in 2007 with the adoption of a new constitution.