hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Northern Dvina Governorate
60°46′N 46°18′E﻿ / ﻿60.767°N 46.300°E﻿ / 60.767; 46.300

Northern Dvina Governorate (Russian: Северо-Двинская губерния, romanized: Severo-Dvinskaya guberniya) was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian SFSR from 1918 to 1929. Its seat was in the city of Veliky Ustyug. The governorate was located in the North of European Russia, and its territory is currently divided between Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Kostroma, and Kirov Oblasts and the Komi Republic. The name of the governorate originates from the Northern Dvina River.

Governorate (Russia)
A governorate (Russian: губе́рния, romanized: gubérniya, pre-1918 spelling: губе́рнія, IPA: [ɡʊˈbʲernʲɪjə] ⓘ) was a major and principal administrative subdivision of the Russian Empire. After the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917, governorates remained as subdivisions in the Byelorussian, Russian and Ukrainian Soviet republics, and in the Soviet Union from its formation in 1922 until 1929. The term is also translated as government or province. A governorate was headed by a governor (губернатор, gubernator), a word borrowed from Latin gubernator, in turn from Greek kyvernítis (Greek: κυβερνήτης).

Selected governorates were united under an assigned governor-general such as the Grand Duchy of Finland, Congress Poland, Russian Turkestan and others. There were also military governors such as Kronstadt, Vladivostok and others. Aside from governorates, other types of divisions were oblasts (region) and okrugs (district).
Pendejo (song)
"Pendejo" (transl. Fool) is a song by Spanish singer Enrique Iglesias. It was released by Sony Music Latin and RCA Records on 17 September 2021 as a single from Iglesias' eleventh studio album Final (Vol. 1). This was the first single released by Iglesias without an additional artist on the track since 2013's "Heart Attack".

Do You Know? (The Ping Pong Song)
"Do You Know? (The Ping Pong Song)" is a song by Spanish singer Enrique Iglesias. It was released in   2007 as the first single from his eighth studio album, Insomniac and takes the latter part of its English name from the sound of a ping pong ball bouncing that is employed as a percussion track throughout the song. The song's Spanish version is entitled "Dímelo" and was released to Latin radio, becoming Iglesias' 17th number one song on the US Billboard Hot Latin Songs.
Pelham station
Pelham station is a commuter rail station on the Metro-North Railroad's New Haven Line, located in Pelham, New York. When the station opened in 1851, it was called Pelhamville and located on the west side of Fifth Avenue/Wolfs Lane. The station was renamed as Pelham in 1896, shortly after a new station was constructed on the east side of Fifth Avenue/Wolfs Lane. It is the southernmost station on the line before it changes from overhead catenary power to third rail power, which takes place between the Pelham and Mount Vernon East stations.

Pelham (village), New York
The village of Pelham is a village in Westchester County, New York, United States. The population was 6,910 at the 2010 census. It is located in the town of Pelham, which is colloquially referred to as Pelham.
Open-core model
The open-core model is a business model for the monetization of open-source software to which a for-profit company provides significant development support. The open-core model primarily involves offering a "core" or feature-limited version of a software product as free and open-source software, while offering paid versions or add-ons as proprietary software. The term was coined by Andrew Lampitt in 2008.

The concept of open-core software has proven to be controversial, as many developers do not consider the business model to be true open-source software. Despite this, open-core models are used by many open-source software companies.

Apache License
The Apache License is a permissive free-software license written by the Apache Software Foundation (ASF). It allows users to use the software for any purpose, to distribute it, to modify it, and to distribute modified versions of the software under the terms of the license, without concern for royalties. The ASF and its projects release their software products under the Apache License. The license is also used by many non-ASF projects.
Bengt Lindström
Bengt Karl Erik Lindström (September 3, 1925, Berg Municipality — January 29, 2008, Sundsvall) was a Swedish artist. Lindström was one of Sweden's best known contemporary artists with a characteristic style of distinct colors, often including contorted faces. He had two children, Mariana and Alexandre. In 2003, Lindström became disabled due to a stroke and he became unable to paint. The year 2004 saw the release of a film about Bengt's life: "Lindström - Le Diable de la Couleur et de la Forme" (Lindström – A Hell of a Feeling for Colour and Form). On 29 January 2008, Lindström died at his home in Sundsvall, Sweden.

Sundsvall–Timrå Airport
Sundsvall–Timrå Airport (IATA: SDL, ICAO: ESNN) is about 21 km north of Sundsvall, 8 km east of Timrå and 32 km south of Härnösand, Sweden. The airport is also known as Midlanda, referring to its geographically central location in Sweden. It is Norrland's sixth-busiest airport and Sweden's fifteenth busiest.
Elizabeth Island (New Zealand)
Elizabeth Island (Māori: Pōkaikōkō) is the largest island in the inner Doubtful Sound, in Fiordland National Park, in New Zealand's South Island. It was created during the last glaciation, its narrow long shape aligned with the direction of the fiord.  The island is uninhabited and entirely covered in dense native bush.

The island was named by Captain John Grono after his brig Elisabeth in late 1822 or early 1823 (itself named for his wife).

The waters surrounding Elizabeth Island are protected by the Taipari Roa (Elizabeth Island) Marine Reserve. The western side of the island, facing the main flow of Doubtful Sound, contains extensive rock wall habitats.  Off the southern end of the island are deep kelp beds. To the east of Elizabeth Island lies a shallow channel with high water flow, containing Olphert Cove and the mouth of Elizabeth River.  This area is also home to black and red coral.

Fiordland National Park
Fiordland National Park is a national park in the south-west corner of South Island of New Zealand. It is the largest of the 13 national parks in New Zealand, with an area covering 12,607 km2 (4,868 sq mi), and a major part of the Te Wāhipounamu a UNESCO World Heritage Site established in 1990. The park is administered by the Department of Conservation (DOC). The southern ranges of the Southern Alps cover most of Fiordland National Park, combined with the deep glacier-carved valleys.

The park is a significant refuge for many threatened native animals, ranging from dolphins and bats to reptiles, insects, and endangered species of birds endemic to New Zealand, such as the takahē,  mōhua, kākāpō, and southern brown kiwi.
Šutna, Krško
Šutna (pronounced [ˈʃuːtna]) is a settlement east of Podbočje in the Municipality of Krško in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

Podbočje
Podbočje (pronounced [pɔdˈbóːtʃjɛ]; German: Heiligenkreuz) is a village on the right bank of the Krka River in the foothills of the Gorjanci range in the Municipality of Krško in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.
HSwMS Clas Fleming
HSwMS Clas Fleming was a cruiser-minelayer built before World War I for the Royal Swedish Navy. Completed in 1914, the ship performed limited neutrality patrols in the Sea of Åland and the northern reaches of the Stockholm Archipelago during the war. She was placed in reserve in 1917 to be modified to make laying mines safer and remained in that status until the beginning of World War II in 1939 to save money. Clas Fleming was activated for a short time that year to lay defensive minefields before she began a reconstruction that installed an early version of gas turbines, the first warship in the world to be so equipped. After her sea trials were completed in 1940, she was on active service for the rest of the war. Clas Fleming was again reduced to reserve at that time and did not leave the dockyard before she was stricken from the navy list in 1959. The ship briefly served as a target ship before being sold for scrap the following year.

Kilogram-force
The kilogram-force (kgf or kgF), or kilopond (kp, from Latin: pondus, lit. 'weight'), is a non-standard gravitational metric unit of force. It is not accepted for use with the International System of Units (SI) and is deprecated for most uses. The kilogram-force is equal to the magnitude of the force exerted on one kilogram of mass in a 9.80665 m/s2 gravitational field (standard gravity, a conventional value approximating the average magnitude of gravity on Earth). That is, it is the weight of a kilogram under standard gravity. One kilogram-force is defined as 9.80665 N. Similarly, a gram-force is 9.80665 mN, and a milligram-force is 9.80665 μN.
Bruce C. Harris
Bruce Campbell Harris also known as Bruce Campbell Harris Lloyd OBE (1955, Scotland – May 30, 2010, Florida) was the Executive Director of Casa Alianza, a charity whose aims are the rehabilitation and the defence of children.

He served in this post from 1989 to September 2004, when he was fired from his post as director of Casa Alianza. According to Casa Alianza, Harris had admitted acting improperly by paying for sex with a 19-year-old Honduran who had been a resident in one of its shelters. "I assume, as I always have done, responsibility for my acts, correct or incorrect... While we all try to do our best, we are also human" said Harris.

Casa Alianza
Casa Alianza is an international non-profit organization and the Latin American branch of Covenant House.  It is a non-governmental organization (NGO) providing shelter, food, immediate crisis care, and an array of other services to homeless and runaway youth.
M-matrix
In mathematics, especially linear algebra, an M-matrix is a matrix whose off-diagonal entries are less than or equal to zero (i.e., it is a Z-matrix) and whose eigenvalues have nonnegative real parts. The set of non-singular M-matrices are a subset of the class of P-matrices, and also of the class of inverse-positive matrices (i.e. matrices with inverses belonging to the class of positive matrices). The name M-matrix was seemingly originally chosen by Alexander Ostrowski in reference to Hermann Minkowski, who proved that if a Z-matrix has all of its row sums positive, then the determinant of that matrix is positive.

Diagonally dominant matrix
In mathematics, a square matrix is said to be diagonally dominant if, for every row of the matrix, the magnitude of the diagonal entry in a row is greater than or equal to the sum of the magnitudes of all the other (off-diagonal) entries in that row. More precisely, the matrix  is diagonally dominant if

where  denotes the entry in the th row and th column.

This definition uses a weak inequality, and is therefore sometimes called weak diagonal dominance.  If a strict inequality (>) is used, this is called strict diagonal dominance.  The unqualified term diagonal dominance can mean both strict and weak diagonal dominance, depending on the context.
Khaydhar ibn Kawus al-Afshin
Ḥaydar ibn Kāwūs (Arabic: حيدر بن كاوس, Persian: خِیذَر اِبنِ کاووس, romanized: Kheyzar ebn-e Kāvus), better known by his hereditary title of  al-Afshīn (Arabic: الأفشين, Persian: اَفشین, romanized: Afshin), was a senior general of Sogdian descent at the court of the Abbasid caliphs and a vassal prince of Oshrusana. He played a leading role in the campaigns of Caliph al-Mu'tasim, and was responsible for the suppression of the rebellion of Babak Khorramdin and for his battlefield victory over the Byzantine emperor Theophilos during the Amorium campaign. Eventually he was suspected of disloyalty and was arrested, tried and then executed in June 841.

Muslim conquest of Persia
The Muslim conquest of Persia or Arab conquest of Iran occurred between 633 and 651, when the Rashidun Caliphate conquered the Sasanian Empire as part of the early Muslim conquests, which began under Muhammad in 622.
BYD Dolphin
The BYD Dolphin (Chinese: 比亚迪海豚; pinyin: Bǐyǎdí Hǎitún) is a battery electric hatchback produced by the Chinese manufacturer BYD Auto since 2021. A subcompact (B-segment) hatchback, the Dolphin is positioned above the Seagull in the Chinese market and part of BYD's Ocean Series.

The Dolphin has been exported to overseas markets such as Europe, Australia and Southeast Asia since 2023 with lengthened dimensions to satisfy more stringent crash safety standards, and placing it in the compact or C-segment space.

Compact car
Compact car is a vehicle size class—predominantly used in North America—that sits between subcompact cars and mid-size cars. "Small family car" is a British term and a part of the C-segment in the European car classification. However, before the downsizing of the United States car industry in the 1970s and 1980s, larger vehicles with wheelbases up to 110 in (2.79 m) were considered "compact cars" in the United States.
Lord Lovat's Lament
"Lord Lovat's Lament" is an 18th-century tune for bagpipes associated with an executed Scottish revolutionary nobleman of Clan Fraser. The Lord Lovat of the title is Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat. Reportedly composed by Ewen MacGregor of Clann an Sgeulaiche, or his pupil David Fraser, the work is said to be "a pibroch composed by his own piper to mourn his passing, played at the slow pace of Lord Lovat's final march of 300 paces from the Tower of London to Tower Hill."

Clan Fraser
Clan Fraser is a Scottish clan of the Scottish Lowlands. It is not to be confused with the Clan Fraser of Lovat who are a separate Scottish clan of the Scottish Highlands (though with a common ancestry). Both clans have their own separate chief, both of whom are officially recognized by the Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs.
Gelnhausen
Gelnhausen (German pronunciation: [ɡɛlnˈhaʊzn̩] ⓘ) is a town, and the capital of the Main-Kinzig-Kreis, in Hesse, Germany. It is located approximately 40 kilometers east of Frankfurt am Main, between the Vogelsberg mountains and the Spessart range at the river Kinzig. It is one of the eleven towns (urban municipalities) in the district. Gelnhausen has around 22,000 inhabitants.

Simplicius Simplicissimus
Simplicius Simplicissimus (German: Der abenteuerliche Simplicissimus Teutsch) is a picaresque novel of the lower Baroque style, written in five books by German author Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen published in 1668, with the sequel Continuatio appearing in 1669. Inspired by the events and horrors of the Thirty Years' War which devastated Germany from 1618 to 1648, it is regarded as the first adventure novel in the German language and the first German novel masterpiece.

The full subtitle is "The account of the life of an odd vagrant named Melchior Sternfels von Fuchshaim: namely where and in what manner he came into this world, what he saw, learned, experienced, and endured therein; also why he again left it of his own free will." Grimmelshausen note several sequels that together form the Simplician cycle, notably The Life of Courage from 1670.
Coatesville (minor league baseball)
The Coatesville team was a minor league baseball team based in Coatesville, Pennsylvania. The "Coatesville" minor league teams played as members of the 1904 Pennsylvania League, 1905 Tri-State League and 1908 Pennsylvania-New Jersey League and were without a known team nickname, common in the era.

Coatesville, Pennsylvania
Coatesville is the only city in Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 13,350 at the 2020 census. Coatesville is approximately 39 miles west of Philadelphia. It developed along the Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike beginning in the late 18th century. It spans U.S. Route 30, the "Main Line" highway that runs west of Philadelphia.

Coatesville developed in the early 20th century with the growth of the Lukens Steel Company and other industry. Its population declined after industrial restructuring, which reduced these jobs. Lukens was bought by the Bethlehem Steel Corporation in 1997. In 2002, Bethlehem was bought by the then Ohio-based International Steel Group (ISG). Mittal Steel Company acquired ISG and merged with Arcelor to form ArcelorMittal. In 2020, Cleveland-Cliffs acquired the United States operations of ArcelorMittal.
Fall of the Giants (Romano)
The Fall of the Giants is a full room fresco from floor to ceiling done by Italian Renaissance artist and architect Giulio Romano. Romano worked on the room from 1532 to 1534. It is located in the Palazzo de Te, Mantua, which was also designed and built by Romano. It was created for his patron  Federico II Gonzaga, the Duke of Mantua. The rooms of the Palazzo are said to tell the story of  Ovid's Metamorphoses. Also known as the Sala dei Giganti, it is one of twenty-seven rooms covered in illusionistic frescos done by Romano. This particular room is generally praised by scholars because of Romano's unique take on the Mannerist style. Theories surrounding the purpose of this room stretch from political commentary to an exposition on Federico II Gonzaga's character, though there is no evidence that either are true.

Palazzo del Te
Palazzo del Te (Italian pronunciation: [paˈlattso del ˈte]), or simply Palazzo Te, is a palace in the suburbs of Mantua, Italy. It is an example of the mannerist style of architecture, and the acknowledged masterpiece of Giulio Romano.
Banca Commerciale Italiana
Banca Commerciale Italiana (BCI, colloquially known as Comit), founded in 1894, was a major Italian bank based in Milan. In 1999, it merged with the group recently formed by the combination of Cassa di Risparmio delle Provincie Lombarde and Banco Ambroveneto to form IntesaBCI, in which BCI temporarily became a sub-holding company. On 1 January 2003, the group's name changed to Banca Intesa, later Intesa Sanpaolo.

Banco de Crédito del Perú
Banco de Crédito del Perú (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbanko ðe ˈkɾeðito ðel peˈɾu]) is the largest bank and the largest supplier of integrated financial services in Peru with approximately US$39 billion in total assets and a market share of 30.4% in total loans and 33.5% in total deposits.
Si*Sé
Si*Sé is a downtempo and electronic group from New York City. The main members of the band are Carol C (vocals, DJ) and Cliff Cristofaro (producer). Other members of the band include Ryan Farley (drums), Neil Ochoa (percussion) and Morgan Phillips (Bass). Jeannie Oliver was the viola player during the first two albums, but left the band in 2005. Olivia Martinez (viola) and Tarrah Reynolds (violin) have also played in place of Jeannie over the years. 
They rose to prominence in 2001, on a worldwide tour with David Byrne. They have also performed with Norah Jones, Kinky, Kraftwerk, Los Amigos Invisibles, Gotan Project, James Brown, Julieta Venegas, Cesaria Evora, and Natacha Atlas.

Hear Music
Hear Music was a record label that was founded in 2007 in a partnership between Concord Music Group and Starbucks. Hear Music began as a catalog company in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1990 before being purchased by Starbucks in 1999.
United Nations General Assembly resolution
A United Nations General Assembly resolution is a decision or declaration voted on by all member states of the United Nations in the General Assembly.

General Assembly resolutions usually require a simple majority (more yes votes than no votes) to pass. However, if the General Assembly determines that the issue is an "important question" by a simple majority vote, then a two-thirds majority (twice as many yes votes as no votes) is required; "important questions" are those that deal significantly with the maintenance of international peace and security, admission of new members to the United Nations, suspension of the rights and privileges of membership, the expulsion of members, operation of the trusteeship system, or budgetary questions.

Although General Assembly resolutions are generally non-binding towards member states, internal resolutions may be binding on the operation of the General Assembly itself, for example with regard to budgetary and procedural matters.

International Women's Year
International Women's Year (IWY) was the name given to 1975 by the United Nations. Since that year March 8 has been celebrated as International Women's Day, and the United Nations Decade for Women, from 1976 to 1985, was also established.
Timeline of teachings on homosexuality in the LDS Church
Homosexuality has been publicly discussed by top leaders in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS church)—Mormonism's largest denomination—since the late 1800s. The frequency of teachings on same-sex sexual activity increased starting in the late 1950s.: 375, 377 : 170  Most discussion focuses on male homosexuality and rarely mentions lesbianism or bisexuality.: 20  Below is a timeline of notable speeches, publications, and policies in the LDS church on the topic of homosexuality.

David A. Bednar
David Allan Bednar (born June 15, 1952) is a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). A former educator, Bednar was president of Brigham Young University–Idaho (BYU–Idaho) from 1997 to 2004.

Bednar was sustained as a member of the Quorum of the Twelve on October 2, 2004. 52 years old at the time of his call, he was the youngest man named to that body since Dallin H. Oaks in 1984. He was ordained an apostle on October 7, 2004, by church president Gordon B. Hinckley. Bednar and Dieter F. Uchtdorf were called to fill the vacancies created by the July 2004 deaths of quorum members David B. Haight and Neal A. Maxwell. As a member of the Quorum of the Twelve, Bednar is recognized by the church as a prophet, seer, and revelator. He is currently the fourth most senior apostle in the church.
Fremri-Kot
Fremri-Kot is the innermost farm in Norðurárdalur valley in the foothills of Öxnadalsheiði in Skagafjörður, Iceland. According to the Landnámabók, the farm was previously called Hökustaðir, and it states that the Örreksheiði plateau, a little farther up from Hökustaðir, was named after the settler Þorbrandur örrek. The place name Örreksheiði is now unknown.

Öxnadalsheiði
Öxnadalsheiði is a plateau (which includes a valley of the same name) in between Norðurárdalur in Skagafjörður and Öxnadalur in Eyjafjörður, Iceland. Route 1 between Skagafjörður and Akureyri goes through the plateau, which is quite snowy and used to be a difficult route to travel.
Control Center (Apple)
Control Center (or Control Centre in British English, Australian English, and Canadian English) is a feature of Apple's iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and visionOS operating systems. It was introduced as part of iOS 7, released on September 18, 2013. In iOS 7, it replaces the control pages found in previous versions. It gives iOS and iPadOS devices direct access to important settings for the device by swiping down from the top right corner on the iPhone X and newer, and on all iPad models starting with iOS 12 or iPadOS, with previous models using a swipe from the bottom of the screen. It is similar to the SBSettings tweak for iOS jailbreaking. Control Center was also added to Macs in macOS 11 Big Sur, released on November 12, 2020.

Shazam (music app)
Shazam is a British application that can identify music based on a short sample played using the microphone on the device. It was created by the British company Shazam Entertainment, based in London, and has been owned by Apple since 2018. The software is available for Android, macOS, iOS, Wear OS, watchOS and as a Google Chrome extension.

The original UK developer of the app, Shazam Entertainment Limited, was founded in 1999 by Chris Barton, Philip Inghelbrecht, Avery Wang, and Dhiraj Mukherjee. On 24 September 2018, the company was acquired by Apple for a reported $400 million.