hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
College for Higher Tibetan Studies, Sarah
The College for Higher Tibetan Studies, Sarah (CHTS, Sarah) (Standard Tibetan: བོད་ཀྱི་མཐོ་རིམ་སློབ་གཉེར་ཁང་, Wylie: bod kyi mtho rim slob gnyar khang) is an advanced Tibetan studies college founded in 1991 by the late Gen Lobsang Gyatso la under the guidance of and with funding provided by the 14th Dalai Lama. The College is a branch of Institute of Buddhist Dialectics (IBD) based in McLeod Ganj, Dharamshala, India.

Lhasa Tibetan
Lhasa Tibetan or Standard Tibetan is a standardized dialect of Tibetan spoken by the people of Lhasa, the capital of the Tibetan Autonomous Region. It is an official language of the Tibet Autonomous Region.

In the traditional "three-branched" classification of the Tibetic languages, the Lhasa dialect belongs to the Central Tibetan branch (the other two being Khams Tibetan and Amdo Tibetan). In terms of mutual intelligibility, speakers of Khams Tibetan are able to communicate at a basic level with Lhasa Tibetan, while Amdo speakers cannot. Both Lhasa Tibetan and Khams Tibetan evolved to become tonal and do not preserve the word-initial consonant clusters, which makes them very far from Classical Tibetan, especially when compared to the more conservative Amdo Tibetan.
Dakota, Wisconsin
Dakota is a town, as well as an unincorporated community in Waushara County, Wisconsin, United States. The town took its name from the community of the same name, which was platted for the community's first postmaster, Chapin M. Seeley, in 1853. It was likely named for the Dakota Territory, which was in the news at the time. The unincorporated community of Bannerman is also located in the town. Bannerman was originally named Bannerman Junction in 1901 as a stop on the Chicago & Northwestern Railroad. It was named for William and John Bannerman, two Scottish men who owned the area's granite company.

Administrative divisions of Wisconsin
The administrative divisions of Wisconsin include counties, cities, villages and towns. In Wisconsin, all of these are units of general-purpose local government. There are also a number of special-purpose districts formed to handle regional concerns, such as school districts.

Whether a community is a city, village or town is not strictly dependent on the community's population or area, but on the form of government selected by the residents and approved by the Wisconsin State Legislature. Cities and villages can overlap county boundaries; for example, the city of Whitewater is located in Walworth and Jefferson counties.
Bogumił Kobiela
Bogumił Kobiela (31 May 1931 – 10 July 1969) was a Polish stage and film actor. He is best known for his performances as Drewnowski in Andrzej Wajda's 1958 drama film Ashes and Diamonds and as Jan Piszczyk in Andrzej Munk's black comedy film Bad Luck (1960).

Andrzej Wajda
Andrzej Witold Wajda (Polish: [ˈandʐɛj ˈvajda]; 6 March 1926 – 9 October 2016) was a Polish film and theatre director. Recipient of an Honorary Oscar, the Palme d'Or, as well as Honorary Golden Lion and Honorary Golden Bear Awards, he was a prominent member of the "Polish Film School". He was known especially for his trilogy of war films consisting of A Generation (1955), Kanał (1957) and Ashes and Diamonds (1958).

He is considered one of the world's most renowned filmmakers, whose works chronicled his native country's political and social evolution and dealt with the myths of Polish national identity offering insightful analyses of the universal element of the Polish experience – the struggle to maintain dignity under the most trying circumstances.

Four of his films have been nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film: The Promised Land (1975), The Maids of Wilko (1979), Man of Iron (1981) and Katyń (2007).
Parala Maharaja Engineering College
Parala Maharaja Engineering College (PMEC), Brahmapur, Odisha is a government engineering college in Southern Odisha, India. Established in 2009, the college was inaugurated by Naveen Patnaik, the then former chief minister of Odisha. This college is named after the King Krushna Chandra Gajapati who is regarded as the architect of an Independent united Odisha State. The Parala Maharaja engineering College was approved by the All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE) New Delhi, Govt. of India and was affiliated to Biju Patnaik University of Technology (BPUT), Rourkela, Government of Odisha but now, it is an autonomous college from 21 January 2021. This college is also accredited by the National Board of Accreditation (NBA) New Delhi, Govt. of India.

Naveen Patnaik
Naveen Patnaik (Odia: [n̪ɔbin̪ pɔʈn̪ajk]; born 16 October 1946) is an Indian politician and writer, who is currently leader of opposition in Odisha Legislative Assembly. He served as the 14th Chief Minister of Odisha from 5 March 2000 to 12 June 2024.

He is the founding chairperson of the Biju Janata Dal, serving since 1997, and has represented the Hinjili Assembly constituency since 2000. He also served as the Union Minister of Steel and Mines from 1998 to 2000 and as a member of the Lok Sabha from Aska from 1997 to 2000.
Social hygiene movement
The social hygiene movement was an attempt by reformers in the late 19th and early 20th century to deal with problems that were seen to have a social background, including venereal disease, tuberculosis, alcoholism and mental illness. Social hygienists emphasized strict self-discipline as a solution to societal ills and often blamed problems on rapid urbanization. The movement continued throughout much of the 20th century.

Racial hygiene
The term racial hygiene was used to describe an approach to eugenics in the early 20th century, which found its most extensive implementation in Nazi Germany (Nazi eugenics). It was marked by efforts to avoid miscegenation, analogous to an animal breeder seeking purebred animals. This was often motivated by the pseudoscientific belief in the existence of a racial hierarchy and the related fear that "lower races" would "contaminate" a "higher" one. As with most eugenicists at the time, racial hygienists believed that the lack of eugenics would lead to rapid social degeneration, the decline of civilization by the spread of inferior characteristics.

Like eugenics, racial hygiene was largely discredited and abandoned following World War II.
Dongyi
The Dongyi or Eastern Yi (Chinese: 東夷; pinyin: Dōngyí) was a collective term for ancient peoples found in Chinese records. The definition of Dongyi varied across the ages, but in most cases referred to inhabitants of eastern China, then later, the Korean peninsula and Japanese Archipelago. Dongyi refers to different group of people in different periods. As such, the name "Yí" (夷) was something of a catch-all and was applied to different groups over time.
According to the earliest Chinese record, the Zuo Zhuan, the Shang dynasty was attacked by King Wu of Zhou while attacking the Dongyi and collapsed afterward.

Buyeo
Buyeo or Puyŏ (Korean: 부여; RR: Buyeo; MR: Puyŏ; Korean pronunciation: [pu.jʌ]), also rendered as Fuyu (Chinese: 夫餘/扶餘; pinyin: Fūyú/Fúyú) in Chinese, was an ancient kingdom that was centered in northern Manchuria in modern-day northeast China. It had deep ties to the Yemaek people, who are considered to be the ancestors of modern Koreans. It is also called Northern Buyeo (Korean: 북부여; Hanja: 北夫餘; RR: Bukbuyeo; MR: Pukbuyŏ) according to its founding legend.

Historically, both Goguryeo and Paekche, two of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, considered themselves Buyeo's successors. In addition, it is also considered a major predecessor of the Korean kingdoms of Eastern Buyeo, and Galsa Buyeo.
Cecil Toovey
Major-General Cecil Wotton Toovey, CB, CBE, MC & Bar (17 April 1891 – 23 February 1954) was a senior British Indian Army officer who commanded the North Western Army, India during the Second World War.

General officer commanding
General officer commanding (GOC) is the usual title given in the armies of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries (and some other nations, such as Ireland) to a general officer who holds a command appointment.

Thus, a general might be the GOC British II Corps (a three-star appointment) or GOC British 7th Armoured Division (a two-star appointment).
11th Indian Cavalry Brigade
The 11th Indian Cavalry Brigade was a cavalry brigade of the British Indian Army that saw active service in the Indian Army during the First World War.  It took part in the Mesopotamian campaign and was broken up soon after the end of the war.

Indian Army during World War I
The Indian Army, also called the British Indian Army, was involved in World War I as part of the British Empire. More than one million Indian troops served overseas, of whom more than 60,000 died during the war.

In World War I the Indian Army fought against the German Empire on the Western Front. At the First Battle of Ypres, Khudadad Khan became the first Indian to be awarded a Victoria Cross. Indian divisions were also sent to Egypt, Gallipoli, German East Africa and nearly 700,000 served in Mesopotamia against the Ottoman Empire. While some divisions were sent overseas others had to remain in India guarding the North West Frontier and on internal security and training duties.

Field-Marshal Sir Claude Auchinleck, Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Army from 1942 asserted that the British "couldn't have come through both World War I and II if they hadn't had the Indian Army."
Illahee State Park
Illahee State Park is an 82-acre (33 ha) Washington state park located in the hamlet of Illahee, just north of East Bremerton, on Port Orchard Bay, part of Puget Sound. The word "Illahee" means earth or country in the Native language Chinuk Wawa. The park was established when Kitsap County donated 13 acres to the state in 1934. The park's old-growth stand is home to one of the nation's oldest Pacific yews, which has been standing for approximately 400 years. Park activities include picnicking, camping, hiking, boating, and shellfish harvesting.

Taxus brevifolia
Taxus brevifolia, the Pacific yew or western yew, is a species of tree in the yew family Taxaceae native to the Pacific Northwest of North America. It is a small evergreen conifer, thriving in moisture and otherwise tending to take the form of a shrub.
Konstantin Tsuranov
Konstantin Yuryevich Tsuranov (Russian: Константин Юрьевич Цуранов; born August 21, 1972, in Rostov-on-Don) is a Russian sport shooter. He won a silver medal in men's skeet shooting at the first meet of the 2008 ISSF World Cup in Beijing, with a total hit of 143 targets. He is also the son of Yury Tsuranov, who competed in the same category at three Olympic games (1968 in Mexico City, 1972 in Munich, and 1976 in Montreal), representing the Soviet Union.

Tsuranov represented Russia at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where he competed in the men's skeet shooting, along with his teammate Valeriy Shomin. He finished only in twenty-third place by one point ahead of Italy's Andrea Benelli from the final attempt, for a total score of 113 targets in the two-day qualifying rounds.

Shooting at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's skeet
The Men's skeet event at the 2008 Olympic Games took place on August 15 and 16 at the Beijing Shooting Range Clay Target Field.

The event consisted of two rounds: a qualifier and a final. In the qualifier, each shooter fired 5 sets of 25 shots in the set order of skeet shooting.

The top 6 shooters in the qualifying round moved on to the final round. There, they fired one additional round of 25. The total score from all 150 shots was used to determine the final ranking.

Vincent Hancock from the United States took a one-hit lead in the qualification round. In the final round, Norway's Tore Brovold, who already shared the world record with Hancock, eliminated this gap by means of a perfect 25, thus also sharing the Olympic final record of 145 hits with him. Hancock came back to win the shoot-off for the gold medal. One hit behind the duo, Anthony Terras of France won the bronze medal shoot-off against Antonis Nikolaidis, denying Cyprus its first-ever Olympic medal.
Jose Villa
Jose Villa (born 15 September 1980) is an American fine art wedding photographer known for his work with natural light and film photography. He is the exclusive photographer of various celebrity weddings, including those of Justin Bieber and Hailey Baldwin, Demi Lovato and Jordan Lutes, Hailee Steinfeld and Josh Allen, and Priyanka Chopra and Nick Jonas. He was named among the top 10 wedding photographers in the world by Harper's Bazaar and American Photo, and his work has been featured extensively in publications such as Vogue, Harper’s Bazaar, People, Martha Stewart Weddings, Instyle Weddings, Brides, Essence, Town & Country, American Photo, Hello!, Fortune and New York Times.

Fine-art photography
Fine-art photography is photography created in line with the vision of the photographer as artist, using photography as a medium for creative expression. The goal of fine-art photography is to express an idea, a message, or an emotion. This stands in contrast to representational photography, such as photojournalism, which provides a documentary visual account of specific subjects and events, literally representing objective reality rather than the subjective intent of the photographer; and commercial photography, the primary focus of which is to advertise products or services.
Cluj-Napoca Central Park
Central Park is a large public, urban park in central Cluj-Napoca. It was founded in the 19th century and it located on the southern shore of Someşul Mic River. The Park is now home to the University of Arts and Design and to the Chemistry Faculty of the Babeş-Bolyai University.

On 13 October 1920, the first Cluj derby between CFR and Universitatea which ended with a 8–0 win for CFR took place on a field from the park.

During 2012, the Central Park was site of an important restoration process, especially for the building of the Old Casino.

Every year, the west half of the park is closed off as part of the Untold Festival.

Someșul Mic
The Someșul Mic (Little Someș, Hungarian: Kis-Szamos) is a river in north-western Romania (Cluj County). At its confluence with the Someșul Mare in Mica, the Someș is formed. Its total length is 178 km (111 mi), and its drainage basin area is 3,773 km2 (1,457 sq mi). It is formed at the confluence of two headwaters, Someșul Cald ("Warm Someș") and Someșul Rece ("Cold Someș"), that originate in the Apuseni Mountains. From the confluence, in Gilău, the Someșul Mic flows east and north through Cluj-Napoca, Apahida and Gherla, until it meets the Someșul Mare in Dej.
Narlıdere İtfaiye
Narlıdere İtfaiye is an underground station on the M1 Line of the İzmir Metro in Narlıdere. Located under Mithatpaşa Avenue, it has one island platform servicing two tracks. The station was opened on 24 February 2024, after almost 6 years of construction.

İzmir Metro
The İzmir Metro (Turkish: İzmir Metrosu) is a light metro system serving the city of İzmir, Turkey. The current system, consisting of one line, starts from Narlıdere Kaymakamlık station in the southwestern portion of the metropolitan area and runs towards northeast to end at Evka-3 in Bornova. İzmir's metro line is 27 kilometres (17 mi) long, and serves 24 stations as of 4 March 2024.
Cherry Peak Resort
Cherry Peak is a ski area in northern Utah that opened in 2014 and first used for skiing in the 2014–2015 season. It is located in Cherry Canyon, east of Richmond, Utah in the Bear River Mountains. While smaller and less developed than a number of Utah ski resorts, Cherry Peak is close and convenient to residents of nearby Logan, Utah State University, and Cache Valley. It also hosts students from more distant universities.

The resort has snowmaking equipment which it uses to augment the natural snowfall as needed.

The resort is accessed by driving 3.5 miles (5.5 km) east from Richmond, Utah (on 500 North Street) into Cherry Canyon. Due to its smaller size and relative distance from the Wasatch Front, it is presently mostly considered a locally-oriented facility.

Ski area
A ski area is the terrain and supporting infrastructure where skiing and other snow sports take place. Such sports include alpine and cross-country skiing, snow boarding, tubing, sledding, etc. Ski areas may stand alone or be part of a ski resort.
Paris's 16th constituency
The 16th constituency of Paris is a French legislative constituency in Paris, which has existed since 2012. It is in the north-east of the city. It was created by the 2010 redistricting of French legislative constituencies. Before that, the 16th constituency referred to a constituency in the north-west, created by the 1986 redistricting. Before that, it was in the south of the city.

1986 redistricting of French legislative constituencies
On 24 November 1986, a law was passed in France establishing the eleventh electoral division of French legislative constituencies. These constituency boundaries were used without any modification for national elections from 1988 to 2007. In 2010, these constituencies were abolished and new boundaries were used from the 2012 election.
Talita Alencar
Ana Talita de Oliveira Alencar  (born October 17, 1990) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist and black belt Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) practitioner. She currently competes in the women's Strawweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. A World jiu-jitsu Champion (Gi and No-Gi) in colored belts, she is a three-time IBJJF World No-Gi Champion, and two-time European No-Gi Champion and a World IBJJF and Pan American jiu-jitsu black belt Champion.

European IBJJF Jiu-Jitsu No-Gi Championship
The European No-Gi Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Championship is a No-Gi Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) tournament hosted annually by the International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation. It was first held in 2012 in London, England and has been held subsequently each year in Rome, Italy. Below is a table showing the results of the competition since its inception in 2012, including all editions in the adult male and female adult black belt divisions.
Charles Alford (priest)
Charles Symes Leslie Alford (7 February 1885 – 16 May 1963)  was Archdeacon of Bristol from 1938
to 1941.

Alford was born in Bristol and educated at Marlborough College and Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, during which time he was a member of its OTC. He was ordained deacon in 1908 and priest in 1909 . After a curacy in Barnard Castle he was with the  Royal Army Chaplains' Department from 1910 to 1927. He was then Vicar of Marshfield until his Archdeacon’s appointment. In later years he was Rector of Staple Fitzpaine and then Rowberrow. He died in Wincombe.

Staple Fitzpaine
Staple Fitzpaine is a village and civil parish in Somerset, England, situated five miles (eight kilometres) south of Taunton. The village has a population of 189 and is within the Blackdown Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The parish includes the hamlet of Badger Street.

The parish (by area the second-largest in Somerset) stretches south to Castle Neroche, east to Whitty Cross, west to Staple Hill and north to just past Smokey Bottom. The main part of the village is centred on the crossroads by the Greyhound Inn, on the Taunton-Chard road. Curland and Bickenhall, two smaller villages close by to the east, are socially and culturally one with Staple Fitzpaine. They have a combined population of almost 200.
Worcester, MA, 4/4/73
Worcester, MA, 4/4/73 is an album by the country rock band the New Riders of the Purple Sage.  It was recorded live at Clark University in Worcester, Massachusetts on April 4, 1973.  It was released on May 20, 2003.  It was the first of a series of albums that were released on the Kufala Recordings label in the 2000s and that contain complete New Riders concerts recorded in the 1970s.

Two members of the Grateful Dead sat in with the New Riders at the Worcester concert.  Keith Godchaux played piano for the entire show, and Donna Jean Godchaux sang lead vocals on the Loretta Lynn song "You Ain't Woman Enough", and backing vocals on the ballad "Long Black Veil".  The New Riders played nineteen original songs and six covers, a total of almost two hours of music.

New Riders of the Purple Sage
New Riders of the Purple Sage was an American country rock band. The group emerged from the psychedelic rock scene in San Francisco in 1969 and its original lineup included several members of the Grateful Dead. The band is sometimes referred to as the New Riders or as NRPS.
Siege of Lamitan
The siege of Lamitan took place on 2 June 2001 when members of the Islamic terrorist group Abu Sayyaf entered the city of Lamitan, one of two Christian settlements in the predominantly Muslim province of Basilan in the Philippines. They took over a church and a hospital and held priests, medical staff and patients hostage. Government forces surrounded the Muslim extremists, preventing their escape. However, the Abu Sayyaf group managed to break out of the cordon by using their hostages as human shields.

Lamitan
Lamitan, officially the City of Lamitan (Chavacano: Ciudad de Lamitan; Yakan: Siyudad Lamitanin; Tausūg: Dāira sin Lamitan; Filipino: Lungsod ng Lamitan), is a  component city and de jure capital of the province of Basilan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 100,150 people.

The city is bounded on the east by the municipality of Tuburan, on the south by Tipo-Tipo, on the west by Isabela and on the north by Basilan Strait.
Tim Browne
Tim Browne (born 27 December 1987) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who last played for the Penrith Panthers in the National Rugby League. He played as a prop. He previously played for the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs

Queensland Cup
The Queensland Cup, currently known as the Hostplus Cup for sponsorship reasons, is the highest-level regional rugby league football competition in Queensland, Australia. It is run by the Queensland Rugby League (QRL)  and is contested by fifteen teams, thirteen of which are based in Queensland, with one based in New South Wales and one in National Capital District, Papua New Guinea.

The competition is the present-day embodiment of Queensland's top-level club competition. It replaced the Winfield State League in 1996 and accompanied the Brisbane Rugby League, before becoming the premier competition in 1998, following the disbanding of the Brisbane Rugby League.
2011 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships – Women's 1500 m
The women's 1500 meter at the 2011 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships took place in Heerenveen at the Thialf ice skating rink on Sunday 7 November 2010. Although this tournament was held in 2010, it was part of the 2010–2011 speed skating season.

There were 22 participants.

Title holder was Annette Gerritsen.

There was a qualification selection incentive for the next following 2010–11 ISU Speed Skating World Cup tournaments.

Thialf
Thialf (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtijɑlf]) is an ice arena in Heerenveen, Netherlands. Thialf is used for long track speed skating, short track speed skating, ice hockey, figure skating, ice speedway, and non-sporting events. The outdoor rink was opened in 1967, and the indoor stadium was opened in 1986. Several world records have been set in the indoor stadium.

Annually, Thialf hosts two Speed Skating World Cup events. Jan de Jong was the ice rink master at Thialf for many years.