hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Censorship in Afghanistan (book)
Censorship in Afghanistan is a book by Hazara poet and journalist Kamran Mir Hazar.  The book is written in the Dari language, and is the first book to explore the systematic suppression of free speech in Afghanistan that has been a feature of its ruling authorities for hundreds of years.  Norwegian publisher IP Plans has published this book.

Censorship in Islamic societies
Islamic teachings and argument have sometimes been used for religious censorship throughout history, and there are many cases of censorship in Islamic societies. One example is the fatwa (religious judgment) against The Satanic Verses (a novel), ordering that the author be executed for blasphemy. Depictions of Muhammad have inspired considerable controversy and censorship. Leaders of the member states of the world's largest Islamic organization, known as the Organization of Islamic Cooperation  (OIC), called for a categorical ban on stuff that could be deemed as denigration of the Islamic prophet Muhammad in 2012.

Quran 2:256 prohibits "compulsion in religion". Some Islamic societies have religious police, who enforce the application of Islamic Sharia law.

In non-Islamic countries, Islam has often been cited as a reason for self-censorship. Sometimes this self-censorship is because of threats of violence.
Origen and the History of Justification
Origen and the History of Justification: The Legacy of Origen's Commentary on Romans (2008) is a book by Thomas P. Scheck and published by University of Notre Dame Press. The book explores "the legacy of Origen’s [Commentary on Romans] in the West, focusing on its influence upon Pelagius, Augustine, William of St. Thierry, Erasmus of Rotterdam, Melanchthon, and post-Reformation controversies". Developed from Scheck's doctoral dissertation, the book received generally positive reviews.

Philip Melanchthon
Philip Melanchthon (born Philipp Schwartzerdt; 16 February 1497 – 19 April 1560) was a German Lutheran reformer, collaborator with Martin Luther, the first systematic theologian of the Protestant Reformation, an intellectual leader of the Lutheran Reformation, and influential designer of educational systems.

He stands next to Luther and John Calvin as a reformer, theologian, and shaper of Protestantism.
Komochi-e
Komochi-e (子持絵) or trick pictures are Japanese prints with movable printed paper flaps or other moveable parts.  Multicolor komochi-e may be called “komochi nishiki-e” (子持錦絵).

This komochi-e shows a single print with the flaps in different positions.  It is a scene from the kabuki play Manete Mimasu yotsuya no kikigaki (当三升四谷聞書).  The artist is Utagawa Kuniyoshi; the date is 1848; and it shows actor Ichikawa Danjūrō VIII in the role of the murderer Tamiya Iemon:

Kabuki
Kabuki (歌舞伎; Japanese pronunciation: [ka.bɯ.kʲi]) is a classical form of Japanese theatre, mixing dramatic performance with traditional dance. Kabuki theatre is known for its heavily stylised performances, its glamorous, highly decorated costumes, and for the elaborate kumadori make-up worn by some of its performers.

Kabuki is thought to have originated in the early Edo period, when the art's founder, Izumo no Okuni, formed a female dance troupe that performed dances and light sketches in Kyoto. The art form later developed into its present all-male theatrical form after women were banned from performing in kabuki theatre in 1629. Kabuki developed throughout the late 17th century and reached its zenith in the mid-18th century.

In 2005, kabuki theatre was proclaimed by UNESCO as an intangible heritage possessing outstanding universal value. In 2008, it was inscribed in the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
2014–15 Royal Charleroi S.C. season
The 2014–15 season was played by Charleroi, a Belgian football club based in Charleroi, Hainaut. The season covers the period from 1 July 2014 to 30 June 2015. Charleroi participated in the Belgian Pro League and Belgian Cup.

2015–16 UEFA Europa League
The 2015–16 UEFA Europa League was the 45th season of Europe's secondary club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the seventh season since it was renamed from the UEFA Cup to the UEFA Europa League.

The final was played between Liverpool and Sevilla at the St. Jakob-Park in Basel, Switzerland, and won by Sevilla, their fifth title (extending their own record) and third win in a row (also a tournament record).

Sevilla initially started the 2015–16 European club season in the Champions League as the Europa League title holders, but qualified for the Europa League by finishing third in the Champions League group stage, and successfully defended their title. As the winners of the 2015–16 UEFA Europa League, they qualified for the 2016–17 UEFA Champions League, and also earned the right to play against the winners of the 2015–16 UEFA Champions League, Real Madrid, in the 2016 UEFA Super Cup.
Giant isopod
Giant isopods are large marine isopods in the genus Bathynomus. They are bottom-dwelling deep-sea scavengers that are abundant in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans

Bathynomus giganteus, the species upon which the generitype is based, is often considered the largest isopod in the world, though other comparably poorly known species of Bathynomus may reach similar sizes. Giant isopods are noted for their resemblance to the much smaller terrestrial woodlice, to which they are related.

French zoologist Alphonse Milne-Edwards was the first to describe the genus in 1879 after his colleague Alexander Agassiz collected a juvenile male B. giganteus from the Gulf of Mexico. This was an exciting discovery for both scientists and the public, as at the time the idea of a lifeless or "azoic" deep ocean had only recently been refuted by the work of Sir Charles Wyville Thomson and others. No females were recovered until 1891.

Charles Wyville Thomson
Sir Charles Wyville Thomson FRSE FRS FLS FGS FZS (5 March 1830 – 10 March 1882) was a Scottish natural historian and marine zoologist. He served as the chief scientist on the Challenger expedition; his work there revolutionized oceanography and led to his being knighted.
Gasnier
Gasnier is a surname, originally Garnier. Notable people with the surname include:

Louis J. Gasnier (1875-1963), French film director

Julie Estelle Gasnier (born 1989), Indonesian actress

Mark Gasnier (born 1981), Australian rugby league player, nephew of Reg

Reg Gasnier (born 1939), Australian rugby league player

Mark Gasnier
Mark Gasnier (born 19 July 1981) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s and 2010s. A rugby league New South Wales State of Origin and international representative centre, he played eleven seasons in the National Rugby League with the St. George Illawarra Dragons, punctuated by two seasons of rugby union played with the French club Stade Français. Gasnier was a member of the Dragons' NRL premiership-winning team in 2010. He retired at the end of the 2011 season. He is the nephew of the 1960s St. George star Reg Gasnier.
USS Pigeon
Three United States Navy vessels have borne the name USS Pigeon, after the pigeon:

USS Pigeon (AM-47) was a Lapwing-class minesweeper, launched in 1919, reclassified a Submarine Rescue Vessel (ASR–6) in 1929, and sunk in action in 1942.

USS Pigeon (AM-374) was an Auk-class minesweeper, laid down in 1944 and struck in 1966.

USS Pigeon (ASR-21) was the lead ship of her class of submarine rescue ship, laid down in 1968 and struck in 1992.

Submarine rescue ship
A submarine rescue ship is a surface support ship for submarine rescue and deep-sea salvage operations. Methods employed include the McCann Rescue Chamber, deep-submergence rescue vehicles (DSRV's) and diving operations.
Ironside, Oregon
Ironside is an unincorporated community in Malheur County, Oregon, United States. The community is 46 miles (74 km) northwest of Vale along U.S. Route 26. Ironside has a post office with ZIP Code 97908.

Vale, Oregon
Vale is a city in and the county seat of Malheur County, Oregon, United States, approximately 12 miles (19 km) west of the Idaho border. It is at the intersection of U.S. Routes 20 and 26, on the Malheur River at its confluence with Bully Creek.

Vale was selected as Malheur's county seat in 1888 in a vote where other candidate communities were Ontario and Jordan Valley. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 1,894. Vale is part of the Ontario, OR–ID Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Roehampton Trophy
The Roehampton trophy is the oldest polo trophy in the United Kingdom. The trophy was first played for at the Roehampton Club in 1902 and was won by Buccaneers. Today it is played for at the Ham Polo Club, the tournament is played for at an 6-goal level and the finals are held in August.

Bang & Olufsen
Bang & Olufsen (B&O) is a Danish high-end consumer electronics company that designs and manufactures audio products, television sets, and telephones, originally from Denmark, founded in 1925 by Peter Bang and Svend Olufsen, who designed a radio to work with alternating current, a product of significance at a time when most radios were still running on batteries.
Business rule mining
Business rule mining is the process of extracting essential intellectual business logic in the form of business rules from packaged or legacy software applications, recasting them in natural or formal language, and storing them in a source rule repository for further analysis or forward engineering. The goal is to capture these legacy business rules in a way that the business can validate, control and change them over time.

Business rules approach
Business rules are abstractions of the policies and practices of a business organization.  In computer software development, the business rules approach is a development methodology where rules are in a form that is used by, but does not have to be embedded in, business process management systems.

The business rules approach formalizes an enterprise's critical business rules in a language that managers and technologists understand. Business rules create an unambiguous statement of what a business does with information to decide a proposition. The formal specification becomes information for process and rules engines to run.
Valenzano railway station
Valenzano is a railway station in Valenzano, Italy. The station is located on the Bari-Casamassima-Putignano railway. The train services and the railway infrastructure are operated by Ferrovie del Sud Est.

Ferrovie del Sud Est
Ferrovie del Sud Est (FSE) is a railway company in Apulia region, Italy. The company operates in the comuni south of Lecce and in the provinces of Bari, Brindisi and Taranto. The company also operates bus lines. In August 2016 its network was taken over by Ferrovie dello stato due to financial problems at the company. The company is now wholly owned by the Italian Transport Ministry.
May Bumps 1974
The May Bumps 1974 were a set of rowing races held at Cambridge University in June 1974. The event was run as a bumps race and was the 83rd set of races in the series of May Bumps which have been held annually in mid-June since 1887. In 1974, women's crews competed for the first time, although unlike the men's eights, they competed in fours. A total of 149 crews took part (137 men's crews and 12 women's crews), with around 1200 participants in total.

May Bumps
The May Bumps (also May Races, Mays) are a set of rowing races, held annually on the River Cam in Cambridge, England. They began in 1887 after separating from the Lent Bumps, the equivalent bumping races held at the end of February or start of March. Prior to the separation there had been a single set of annual bumps dating from its inception in 1827. The races are open to all college boat clubs from the University of Cambridge, the University Medical and Veterinary Schools and the Anglia Ruskin Boat Club. The May Bumps takes place over four days (Wednesday to Saturday) in mid-June and is run as a bumps race.
Koki Ikeda
Koki Ikeda (池田 向希, Ikeda Kōki; born 3 May 1998) is a Japanese racewalking athlete. He studied at Toyo University.

Ikeda won a bronze medal in 20 kilometres race walk at the 2019 Asian Race Walking Championships in Nomi. He represented Japan at the 2019 World Athletics Championships, competing in 20 kilometres walk. He won a silver medal at 2020 Summer Olympics and the 2022 World Athletics Championships in the same event.

In February 2025, Ikeda was banned for anti-doping violations for four years from November 2024 with results from June 2023 disqualified. His blood samples showed abnormalities alleged to indicate tampering.

20 kilometres race walk
The 20 kilometre race walk is an Olympic athletics event that is competed by both men and women. The racewalking event is competed as a road race. Athletes must always keep in contact with the ground and the supporting leg must remain straight until the raised leg passes it.
Albert Thellung
Albert Thellung (12 May 1881 – 26 June 1928) was a Swiss botanist.

He was a professor at the University of Zürich. The Austrian botanist Otto Stapf named the plant genus Thellungia of the grass family, Poaceae, after him, and Otto Eugen Schulz named the genus Thellungiella (family Brassicaceae) in his honour.

Thellung made contributions to the third (1909–14) and fourth (1923) editions of Schinz and Keller's Flora der Schweiz.

Eutrema
Eutrema is a genus of flowering plants of the family Brassicaceae, native to the Holarctic. Its best known member is wasabi, Eutrema japonicum. The name comes from the Greek εὐ- (eu-) 'well' et τρῆμα (trêma) 'hole', because of a hole in the septum of the fruit.

It is native to subarctic and subalpine regions of Eurasia and North America and to temperate Asia.
Hamirpur, Uttar Pradesh
Hamirpur is a town and a municipal board in Hamirpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Located just above the confluence of the Yamuna and Betwa rivers, it is the administrative headquarters of Hamirpur district.

Township
A township is a form of human settlement or administrative subdivision. Its exact definition varies among countries.

Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, this tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Canada, Scotland, and parts of the United States, the term refers to settlements too small or scattered to be considered urban.
Videograms of a Revolution
Videograms of a Revolution is a 1992 documentary film compiled by Harun Farocki and Andrei Ujică from over 125 hours  of amateur footage, news footage, and excerpts from the Bucharest TV studio overtaken by demonstrators as part of the December 1989 Romanian Revolution.

In 2004 the Austrian Film Museum selected the documentary as part of its Die Utopie Film program for The Best 100 in Film History list.

Austrian Film Museum
The Austrian Film Museum (German: Österreichisches Filmmuseum) is a film archive and museum located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Peter Konlechner and Peter Kubelka in 1964 as a non-profit organization.
Belonophora coriacea
Belonophora coriacea is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is found in Nigeria, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Congo-Brazzaville, and Congo-Kinshasa (Zaire or Democratic Republic of the Congo).

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
Oneil Levy
Oneil Nester Levy (born 10 April 1983) is a former Bahamian cricketer. Levy is a right-handed batsman who was a right-arm bowler, although his style is unknown. Levy represented the Bahamas national cricket team in 5 matches.

Levy made his debut for the Bahamas in the 2002 ICC Americas Championship against the United States.

In 2002, he represented the Americas U-19's in the 2002 West Indies Cricket Board Under-19 Tournament, where he played in 5 matches for the team.

Levy made his Twenty20 appearance for the Bahamas against the Cayman Islands in the 1st round of the 2006 Stanford 20/20. Levy scored 19 runs, with the Bahamas losing by 57 runs. This was Levy's final appearance for the Bahamas.

Bahamas national cricket team
The Bahamas national cricket team represents The Bahamas in international cricket. The team is organised by the Bahamas Cricket Association (BCA), which became an affiliate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) in 1987 and an associate member in 2017. The national team is first recorded as playing in 1983, but did not feature in an international tournament until 2001, when it played in the inaugural Americas Affiliates Championship. Since then, the Bahamas have regularly participated in ICC Americas tournaments, as well as on one occasion in a World Cricket League event (the 2010 Division Eight tournament). The team was also invited to the 2006 and 2008 Stanford 20/20 tournaments, where matches had full Twenty20 status.

In April 2018, the ICC decided to grant full Twenty20 International (T20I) status to all its members. Therefore, all Twenty20 matches played between the Bahamas and other ICC members after 1 January 2019 have the T20I status.
Joseph H. Hardgrove
Joseph H. Hardgrove (November 26, 1870 – November 19, 1953) was an American physician, teacher and politician.

Born in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, Hardgrove worked in the cooper trade. In 1903, he graduated from Oshkosh Normal School (now University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh). He then was principal of a school in Tigerton, Wisconsin, and helped to organize the Tigerton High School. He then became principal of Manawa High School in Manawa, Wisconsin. He received his medical degree from Marquette University Medical School in 1916 and then practiced medicine in Eden, Wisconsin. Hardgrove was president of the Fond du Lac Rural Normal School Board and was a Democrat. In 1933, he sat in the Wisconsin State Assembly.

In 1953, Hardgrove died at the house of a daughter in Shawano, Wisconsin.

University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh
The University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh (UW Oshkosh or UWO) is a public university in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, United States. It is part of the University of Wisconsin System and offers bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degree programs.
Babar: The Movie
Babar: The Movie is a 1989 animated adventure film based on the characters of Jean de Brunhoff's eponymous children's books. It serves as the season finale to the first season of the TV series, as the second season started airing shortly after.

The film is co-produced by Canadian animation studio Nelvana Limited, French animation studio Ellipse Programme and American animation studio The Clifford Ross Company and distributed by Astral Films in Canada and New Line Cinema in the United States. It is the latter studio's second animated film after 1980's Hurray for Betty Boop.

Clifford Ross
Clifford Ross (born October 15, 1952) is an American artist who has worked in multiple forms of media, including sculpture, painting, photography and video. His work is in the collections of the Museum of Modern Art, the J. Paul Getty Museum, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Whitney Museum of American Art, the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, and the Philadelphia Museum of Art.
Prinses Juliana
Prinses Juliana is a defunct restaurant located in Valkenburg aan de Geul in the Netherlands. It was a fine dining restaurant that was awarded one or two Michelin stars in the period 1958–2006.

The last head chef was Andy Brauers.

The importance of the restaurant is found not only in the food that it produced, but also in the chefs that it trained. Many Michelin starred chefs started their career or did part of their training here. Young chefs that worked at Prinses Juliana include Cas Spijkers, Margo Reuten, Nico Boreas, Michel Lambermon, Erik van Loo and Jeroen Granneman.

Types of restaurant
Restaurants fall into several industry classifications, based upon menu style, preparation methods and pricing, as well as the means by which the food is served to the customer. This article mainly describes the situation in the US, while categorisation differs widely around the world.
1987–88 Utah State Aggies men's basketball team
The 1987–88 Utah State Aggies men's basketball team represented Utah State University as a member of the Pacific Coast Athletic Association during the 1987–88 men's college basketball season. After winning the PCAA tournament, the Aggies received an automatic bid to the NCAA tournament where they lost in the first round to Vanderbilt.

1987–88 Vanderbilt Commodores men's basketball team
The 1987–88 Vanderbilt Commodores men's basketball men's basketball team represented Vanderbilt University as a member of the Southeastern Conference during the 1987–88 college basketball season. The team was led by head coach C. M. Newton and played its home games at Memorial Gymnasium.

The Commodores finished with a 20–11 record (10–8 SEC, T-4th) and received an at-large bid to the NCAA tournament. Vanderbilt made a run to the Sweet Sixteen before losing to the eventual National champion, Kansas.
Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area
Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on  music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide.

The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica, Warren, Washington and Yazoo counties.

Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area was established by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009. A management and development plan is being developed.

Issaquena County, Mississippi
Issaquena County (/ˌɪsəˈkwiːnə/, ISS-ə-KWEEN-ə) is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 Census, its population was 1,338, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $24,489, Issaquena County is, by that measure, the third-poorest county in the United States.

Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.

The county's economy is chiefly based on agriculture and a prison, the Issaquena County Correctional Facility. Hunting also contributes to the economy; Mississippi's two most recent records for the heaviest alligator taken by a hunter have both been in Issaquena County, the latest in 2012 when a 697.5 lb (316.4 kg) alligator was killed at a camp near Fitler.