hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clootie dumpling
A clootie dumpling is a traditional Scottish pudding made with flour, breadcrumbs, dried fruit (currants, raisins, sultanas), suet, sugar and spices with some milk to bind it. Ingredients are mixed well into a dough, then wrapped up in a floured cloth (the clootie), placed in a large pan of boiling water and simmered for a few hours before being lifted out and dried near the fire or in an oven. Recipes vary from region to region.

"Clootie dumpling" has also been used as a nickname for the logo of the Scottish National Party.

Raisin
A raisin is a dried grape. Raisins are produced in many regions of the world and may be eaten raw or used in cooking, baking, and brewing. The word raisin is commonly used for the dried dark-colored seedless grape, while sultana is a golden-colored dried grape, and currant is a dried small Black Corinth seedless grape.
Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest
The Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest, Latin: Institutum Christi Regis Summi Sacerdotis, abbreviated as ICKSP and ICRSS, is a society of apostolic life of pontifical right in communion with the Holy See of the Catholic Church. The institute has the stated goal of honouring God and the sanctification of priests in the service of the Catholic Church and souls. An integral part of the institute's charism is the use of the traditional liturgy, namely the 1962 Missale Romanum for Mass, the Breviary of John XXIII for the Divine Office, and the Rituale Romanum and Pontificale Romanum for other sacraments. The society has undertaken the restoration of a number of historic church buildings.

The institute's rule of life is based generally on that of the secular canons. Its stated mission is the defence and propagation of the reign of Christ the King in all areas of human life, both private and social.

Pontifical right
In Catholicism, "of pontifical right" is the term given to ecclesiastical institutions (religious and secular institutes, societies of apostolic life) either created by the Holy See, or approved by it with the formal decree known by the Latin name decretum laudis ('decree of praise'). The term is included in the names of institutions, often capitalised in English: "Institute of [xxx] of Pontifical Right".

The institutions of pontifical right depend immediately and exclusively on the Holy See on matters of internal governance and discipline.
History of Eclipse Aviation
The history of Eclipse Aviation is the story of the largest financial failure in the history of general aviation, one that experts have predicted will leave a lasting impact on the aerospace industry.

It runs from the company's startup in 1998 to the design and testing of the Eclipse 500 very light jet (VLJ) through 2006, to the production of 260 examples from 2006–2008, development of the Eclipse 400 single-engined jet from 2007–2008, the most deliveries of a VLJ in a single year to date with over 150 Eclipse 500s sold in the first three quarters of 2008, and ultimately to the company's downfall in the latter part of 2008 and dissolution in bankruptcy in 2009, referred to by many in the media at the time as the "billion-dollar debacle". The story also involves shorter-lived ventures following its 2009 bankruptcy, as well as the introduction of the Eclipse 550 VLJ in 2014.

Aerospace
Aerospace refers to the technology and industry involved with the atmosphere and outer space collectively. Aerospace activity is very diverse, with a multitude of commercial, industrial, and military applications. Aerospace engineering consists of aeronautics and astronautics. Aerospace organizations research, design, manufacture, operate, maintain, and repair both aircraft and spacecraft.

The border between space and the atmosphere has been proposed as 100 kilometres (62.1 mi) above the ground according to the physical explanation that the air density is too low for a lifting body to generate meaningful lift force without exceeding orbital velocity. This border has been called the Kármán line.
Ross Monroe Winter
Ross Monroe Winter (born July 7, 1981) is an American violinist and teacher. He is currently associate professor of violin at the University of Central Florida. In 2020, he served as associate concertmaster at Florida’s Venice Symphony.

Prior to this, his musical background included being  a member of the Virginia and Richmond Symphony Orchestras, IRIS Orchestra, and performed with the National Symphony, Baltimore Symphony, New Jersey Symphony, Alabama Symphony, among others. He also currently serves as Principal Second Violin with the Wintergreen Festival Orchestra in Virginia.

He has also held similar positions with the University of Northern Iowa School of Music, and at George Mason University, University of Mary Washington, and has taught at Virginia Commonwealth University, New England Conservatory Preparatory School, and given master classes throughout the country. His most notable student has been Robert Downey, Jr. for the film, Sherlock Holmes.

University of Mary Washington
University of Mary Washington (UMW) is a public liberal arts university in Fredericksburg, Virginia. Established in 1908 as the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Fredericksburg, the institution later became known as Fredericksburg Teachers College, and was named Mary Washington College in 1938 after Mary Ball Washington, mother of the first president of the United States, George Washington. The General Assembly of Virginia changed the college's name to University of Mary Washington in 2004 to reflect the addition of graduate and professional programs to the central undergraduate curriculum, as well as the establishment of more than one campus. The university offers more than 60 graduate and undergraduate degree programs in three colleges: Arts and Sciences, Business, and Education.
Constant phase element
In electronics, a constant phase element is an equivalent electrical circuit component that models the behaviour of a double layer, that is, an imperfect capacitor (see double-layer capacitance).

Constant phase elements are also used in equivalent circuit modeling and data fitting of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data.

A constant phase element also currently appears in modeling the imperfect dielectrics' behavior. The generalization in the fields of imperfect electrical resistances, capacitances, and inductances leads to the general "phasance" concept: http://fr.scribd.com/doc/71923015/The-Phasance-Concept

Double-layer capacitance
Double-layer capacitance is the important characteristic of the electrical double layer which appears at the interface between a surface and a fluid (for example,  between a conductive electrode and an adjacent liquid electrolyte). At this boundary two layers of electric charge with opposing polarity form, one at the surface of the electrode, and one in the electrolyte. These two layers, electrons on the electrode and ions in the electrolyte, are typically separated by a single layer of solvent molecules that adhere to the surface of the electrode and act like a dielectric in a conventional capacitor. The amount of charge stored in double-layer capacitor depends on  the applied voltage.

The double-layer capacitance is the physical principle behind the electrostatic double-layer type of supercapacitors.
2020 South and Central American Handball Last Chance Qualification Tournament
The 2020 South and Central American Handball Last Chance Qualification Tournament would have been contested by four teams, including nations from the 2020 South and Central American Men's Handball Championship in Florida, Uruguay. The winner would have qualified for the 2021 World Men's Handball Championship.

The tournament was scheduled to take place from 15 to 21 June, but was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was rescheduled to 4 to 7 November 2020, but it was cancelled on 29 October 2020. On 10 November 2020, the tournament was cancelled and Chile were nominated for the 2021 World Championship.

2021 World Men's Handball Championship
The 2021 IHF World Men's Handball Championship was the 27th event hosted by the International Handball Federation and held in Egypt from 13 to 31 January 2021.

Starting with this edition, the World Championship was expanded from 24 teams to 32. It was also the third World Championship hosted in Africa, the second in Egypt, and the first to be hosted outside of Europe since 2015.

Denmark were the defending champions, having won their first World Championship title in 2019 on home soil. They defended the title by beating Sweden in the final, the second final between two Scandinavian countries in a row. On the way, Denmark defeated hosts Egypt in the quarter-finals, and the reigning European champions Spain in the semi-finals. The latter secured the bronze medal after defeating France in the third place game.

The tournament was played behind closed doors due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Listed buildings in Pilsley, Derbyshire Dales
Pilsley is a civil parish in the Derbyshire Dales district of Derbyshire, England.  The parish contains twelve listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest".  The parish contains the village of Pilsley and the surrounding area.  All the listed buildings are in the village, and consist of houses and cottages, a school and a telephone kiosk.

Derbyshire Dales
Derbyshire Dales (/ˈdɑːrbiʃɪər, -ʃər/ DAR-bee-sheer, -⁠shər) is a local government district in Derbyshire, England. The district was created in 1974 as West Derbyshire; the name was changed to Derbyshire Dales in 1987. The council is based in the town of Matlock, and the district also includes the towns of Ashbourne, Bakewell, Darley Dale and Wirksworth, as well as numerous villages and extensive rural areas. Much of the district is within the Peak District National Park.

The neighbouring districts are High Peak, Sheffield, North East Derbyshire, Amber Valley, South Derbyshire, East Staffordshire and Staffordshire Moorlands.
Lamentate
Lamentate (Homage to Anish Kapoor and his sculpture "Marsyas") for piano and orchestra is the largest instrumental work by Estonian composer Arvo Pärt. The work was commissioned by Tate and Egg Live, written in 2002, and premiered on 7 and 8 February 2003 in the Turbine Hall of Tate Modern Museum in London where the massive "Marsyas" was installed. The pianist for the premiere was Hélène Grimaud, with Alexander Briger conducting the London Sinfonietta. The piece is written in the tintinnabuli style, the technique Pärt created in 1976.

The approximate duration of the piece is 35–40 minutes.

London Sinfonietta
The London Sinfonietta is an English contemporary chamber orchestra founded in 1968 and based in London.

The ensemble has headquarters at Kings Place and is Resident Orchestra at the Southbank Centre. Since its inaugural concert in 1968—giving the world premiere of Sir John Tavener’s The Whale—the London Sinfonietta's commitment to making new music has seen it commission over 300 works, and premiere many hundreds more.

The core of the London Sinfonietta is its 18 Principal Players. In September 2013 the ensemble launched its Emerging Artists Programme.

The London Sinfonietta's recordings comprise a catalogue of 20th-century classics, on numerous labels as well as the ensemble's own London Sinfonietta Label.
Taşoluk Tunnel
The Taşoluk Tunnel (Turkish: Taşoluk Tüneli), is a motorway tunnel constructed on the Adana–Şanlıurfa motorway  O-52  E90  AH84 in Osmaniye Province, southern Turkey.

It is situated on the Taurus Mountains near Burgaçlı village of Bahçe, Osmaniye. The 376 and 376 m (1,234 and 1,234 ft)-long twin-tube tunnel carrying three lanes of traffic in each direction.

The tunnel was constructed by Tekfen in New Austrian Tunnelling method (NATM).

Adana
Adana is a large city in southern Turkey. The city is situated on the Seyhan River, 35 km (22 mi) inland from the northeastern shores of the Mediterranean Sea. It is the administrative seat of the Adana province, and has a population of 1,816,750 (Seyhan, Yuregir, Cukurova, Saricam).

Adana lies in the heart of Cilicia, a region of around 6 million people. The region was particularly important in the classical world due to its location by a pass in the Taurus Mountains (both for military campaigns and trade routes), and its wealth in metal and agricultural assets, including the large fertile plain of Çukurova.

Adana remains a centre for regional trade, and public and private services. Agriculture, healthcare and logistics are important parts of the economy. The city is connected to Tarsus and Mersin by TCDD train. The closest public airport is Çukurova International Airport.
PFL 4 (2024)
The PFL 4 mixed martial arts event for the 2024 season of the Professional Fighters League was held on June 13, 2024, at the Mohegan Sun Arena in Uncasville, Connecticut, United States. This marked the fourth regular-season event of the tournament and included fights in the Women's Flyweight and Heavyweight divisions.

Heavyweight (MMA)
The heavyweight division in mixed martial arts (MMA) generally includes fighters between 206–265 lb (93.4–120.2 kg).

Although many ambiguities exist within the lowerweight classes regarding division naming and weight limits, the heavyweight division is, for the most part, uniform.  The Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) and most other North American MMA organizations such as Bellator MMA, WSOF, and King of the Cage (KOTC) abide by this interpretation to their 206–265 lb athletes as heavyweights. ONE Championship's heavyweight division is at 226–265 lb. Pancrase's overweight division was 198.4–220.5 lb (90.0–100.0 kg) before being revised to its current 205–264.5 lb (93.0–120.0 kg).

The heavyweight upper weight limit, as defined by the Nevada State Athletic Commission and the Association of Boxing Commissions is 265 lb (120 kg).
Sud Ladies Cup
The Sud Ladies Cup (officially the Sud Ladies Cup – Tournoi Maurice Revello) is a women's football tournament. The tournament was named after Maurice Revello, who started the Toulon Tournament in 1967 and died in 2016. It is held in the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. Similar to the Toulon Tournament, the tournament is contested by under-20 national teams. In the 2018 tournament, all matches were played in Salon-de-Provence.

United States won the first tournament defeating Germany, Haiti and France.

Salon-de-Provence
Salon-de-Provence (French: [salɔ̃ d(ə) pʁɔvɑ̃s], locally [saˈlɔ̃ᵑ də pχoˈvãⁿsə]; Provençal Occitan: Selon de Provença or Seloun de Prouvènço, pronounced [seˈlu de pʀuˈvɛnsɔ]), commonly known as Salon, is a commune located about 52 km (32 mi) northwest of Marseille in the Bouches-du-Rhône department (Metropolis of Aix-Marseille Provence), region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, southern France. It is the home of an important French Air and Space Force (Armée de l'Air et de l'Espace) air base.
Canuşağı, Sivrice
Canuşağı is a village in the Sivrice District of Elazığ Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Herdî tribe and had a population of 45 in 2021.

The hamlets of Alibey, Bingöl, Düzyol, İncetaş and Konak are attached to the village.

Elazığ Province
Elazığ Province (Turkish: Elazığ ili; Zazaki: Suke Xarpêt; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Xarpêtê) is a province of Turkey with its seat in the city of Elazığ. Its area is 9,383 km2, and its population is 591,497 (2022). The population of the province was 569,616 in 2000 and 498,225 in 1990. The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority.
Schuyler Mansion
Schuyler Mansion is a historic house at 32 Catherine Street in Albany, New York. The brick mansion is now a museum and an official National Historic Landmark. It was constructed from 1761 to 1765 for Philip Schuyler, later a general in the Continental Army and early U.S. Senator, who resided there from 1763 until his death in 1804. It was declared a National Historic Landmark on December 24, 1967. It is also a contributing property to the South End–Groesbeckville Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Philip Hooker
Philip Hooker (October 28, 1766 – January 31, 1836) was an American architect from Albany, New York, known for Hyde Hall, the facade of the Hamilton College Chapel, The Albany Academy, Albany City Hall, and the original New York State Capitol building.
Sant'Agostino (Milan Metro)
Sant'Agostino is an underground station on the Milan Metro Line 2, located under Piazza Sant'Agostino, in Milan's Municipality 1. It was opened on 30 October 1983 as part of the extension of the line from Cadorna to Porta Genova.

The station is the only one on Line 2 with the opposite tracks and platforms built on different levels, the northbound platform being above the southbound one. The same technique was later replicated in the central section of Line 3, from Turati to Crocetta stations.

Crocetta (Milan Metro)
Crocetta is a Milan Metro station on Line 3. The station was opened on 16 December 1990 as part of the extension of the line from Duomo to Porta Romana.

The station is located in Largo della Crocetta, in the city centre just outside the core area, near the Teatro Carcano and the Ca' Granda. The station is at the confluence of Corso di Porta Romana, Corso di Porta Vigentina and Via Alfonso Lamarmora.

Like its northern nearest stations, it is underground in two overlapped tunnels. In initial projects the station was to be called Lamarmora, taking the name from the street which originates from the point where the station is located.
Podkočna
Podkočna (pronounced [pɔˈtkoːtʃna]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Jesenice in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia. A railway halt of the Bohinj Railway, the Kočna Rail Halt (Slovene: Železniško postajališče Kočna), is located in the village.

Upper Carniola
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

Upper Carniola (Slovene: Gorenjska pronounced [ɡɔˈɾèːnska]; Italian: Alta Carniola; German: Oberkrain) is a traditional region of Slovenia, the northern mountainous part of the larger Carniola region. The largest town in the region is Kranj, and other urban centers include Kamnik, Jesenice, Domžale and Škofja Loka. It has around 300,000 inhabitants or 14% of the population of Slovenia.
Lignite, Virginia
Lignite is a ghost town in Botetourt County, Virginia, United States. A former lignite mining town owned by Allegheny Ore and Iron Company (which later became a subsidiary of Lukens Steel Company in 1907, it contained a company store, churches, school, post office, and a main street theater. It was abandoned by the company in the 1920s after ore demands dropped, when higher grade coal was discovered in Pennsylvania, but some people continued to live in the houses until the 1950s. It has very few remains and is now a part of the Jefferson National Forest.

Lignite
Lignite (from Latin  lignum 'wood'), often called brown coal, is a soft, brown, combustible sedimentary rock formed from naturally compressed peat. It has a carbon content around 25–35% and is considered the lowest rank of coal due to its relatively low heat content. When removed from the ground, it contains a very high amount of moisture, which partially explains its low carbon content. Lignite is mined all around the world and is used almost exclusively as a fuel for steam-electric power generation.

Lignite combustion produces less heat for the amount of carbon dioxide and sulfur released than other ranks of coal. As a result, lignite is the most harmful coal to human health. Depending on the source, various toxic heavy metals, including naturally occurring radioactive materials, may be present in lignite and left over in the coal fly ash produced from its combustion, further increasing health risks.
Fantasy-class cruise ship
The Fantasy class is a cruise ship class operated by Carnival Cruise Lines. The first vessel of the class, Carnival Fantasy, entered service in 1990. All eight vessels of the class were constructed by Kvaerner Masa-Yards, in Helsinki, Finland, at the Hietalahti shipyard.

In late 2006, Carnival Cruise Lines refurbished the Fantasy-class fleet under the program name "Evolutions Of Fun". This was completed in 2010 and cost $250 million.

STX Finland
STX Finland Oy, formerly Aker Yards Oy, was a Finnish shipbuilding company operating three shipyards in Finland, in Turku, Helsinki and Rauma, employing some 2,500 people. It was part of STX Europe, a group of international shipbuilding companies owned by the South Korean STX Corporation.

Half of Helsinki yard was sold to Russian USC in 2010. In September 2013, STX Finland announced that the Rauma shipyard would be closed in June 2014. In August 2014, the Turku shipyard was sold to Meyer Werft and the state-owned Finnish Industry Investment, and renamed Meyer Turku Oy.
Salair National Park
Salair National Park (Russian: Национальный парк «Салаир») is located on the west slope of the Salair Ridge, which separates Altai Krai (west side) from Kemerovo Oblast (east side).  The low mountains are covered with coniferous forest, while the non-park surroundings to the west are steppe and forest steppe that has mostly been converted to agriculture.  Because of its warm, humid summers, scientists have referred to Salair as the "rainforest of Siberia", with resulting high biodiversity and relict plants preserved from the pre-glacial period. The park was officially created in 2020; it is located in the districts of Zarinsk, Togulsky, Yeltsovsky and Soltonsky of Altai Krai.

Yeltsovsky District
Yeltsovsky District (Russian: Ельцо́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai. The area of the district is 2,158 square kilometers (833 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Yeltsovka. Population:  6,339 (2010 Census); 7,923 (2002 Census); 9,232 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Yeltsovka accounts for 45.1% of the district's total population.
Dongchengyi Road station
Dongchengyi Road (simplified Chinese: 东城一路; traditional Chinese: 東城一路; pinyin: Dōngchéngyī Lù) is a station on the Pujiang line of the Shanghai Metro. The station is located at the intersection of Sanlu Highway and Dongchengyi Road, between Puhang Road and Huizhen Road, the southern terminus of the line. It began passenger trial operations with the rest of the Pujiang line on March 31, 2018.

Shanghai Metro
The Shanghai Metro (Chinese: 上海地铁; pinyin: Shànghǎi Dìtiě; Shanghainese: Zaon6he5 Di6thiq7) is a rapid transit system in Shanghai, operating urban and suburban transit services to 14 of its 16 municipal districts and to the neighboring township of Huaqiao, in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province.

Forming the vast majority of the broader, multi-operator Shanghai rail transit network, the Shanghai Metro system is the world's second longest metro system by route length, totaling 808 kilometres (502 mi) and the second largest system by number of stations, with 506 stations across 19 lines (408, if stations connected by transfers are counted as single stations). It also ranks first in the world by annual ridership, with 3.88 billion rides delivered in 2019. The last daily ridership record was set on 9 March 2024, at 13.39 million rides. Ridership routinely stands at over 10 million on an average workday, accounting for 73% of trips on public transport in the city.