hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aoi Oshitayashiki
The Aoi Oshitayashiki (葵 御下屋敷) is a former residence of the Owari branch of the Tokugawa clan, located in Aoi 1-chome in Higashi ward in Nagoya, central Japan.

It was constructed under the second Lord of the Owari Domain Tokugawa Mitsutomo (1625–1700) and subsequently enlarged and changed by following generations. The area consisted of the residential palace in the middle, with a large garden with ponds to the south. A special garden for ginseng was later located in the northwestern part.

A climbing kiln was built for the 12th lord Tokugawa Naritaka (1810–1845), who had a keen interest in pottery. Here Kinjō Higashiyama ware was produced, a type of oniwa-yaki (御庭焼 literally "garden ware").

Japanese addressing system
The Japanese addressing system is used to identify a specific location in Japan.

When written in Japanese characters, addresses start with the largest geographical entity and proceed to the most specific one.  The Japanese system is complex, the product of the natural growth of urban areas, as opposed to the systems used in cities that are laid out as grids and divided into quadrants or districts.

When written in Latin characters, addresses follow the convention used by most Western addresses and start with the smallest geographic entity (typically a house number) and proceed to the largest. However, even when translated using Latin characters, Japan Post requires that the address also is written in Japanese to ensure correct delivery.
Dorothy Miell
Dorothy Evelyn Miell OBE FRSE is a professor of Social Psychology. Since March 2010, she has been Head of the College of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, and Vice-Principal, at the University of Edinburgh. Before moving to Edinburgh, she was Dean of Social Sciences at the Open University. Her research focuses on collaboration and communication patterns, recently in the context of creative endeavors.

Miell is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh and a Fellow of the British Psychological Society. She was President of the British Psychological Society from 2014 to 2015. She is Vice-Chair of the Board of Directors on Scottish Opera and a member of the Council of the Edinburgh International Festival. She is a Governor of the Royal Conservatoire of Scotland

She was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2019 Birthday Honours for services to higher education and psychology.

2019 Birthday Honours
The 2019 Queen's Birthday Honours are appointments by some of the 16 Commonwealth realms of Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries. The Birthday Honours are awarded as part of the Queen's Official Birthday celebrations during the month of June. The Queen's Birthday Honours for the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth realms were announced on 8 June, except the honours for New Zealand that were announced on 3 June and for Australia on 10 June.
Frank Noyce
Sir Frank Noyce, KCSI, CBE (4 June 1878 – 7 October 1948) was a member of the Indian Civil Service and member of Governor-General's Executive Council in charge of industries and labour from 1932 to 1937. Noyce was also a member of the Indian Public Schools' Society, which was set up by Satish Ranjan Das in 1928 with the aim of establishing The Doon School, an all-boys public school modelled on Eton College and Harrow School.

His eldest son was the mountaineer and author Wilfrid Noyce, who was a member of the 1953 British Expedition that made the first ascent of Mount Everest.

1953 British Mount Everest expedition
The 1953 British Mount Everest expedition was the ninth mountaineering expedition to attempt the first ascent of Mount Everest, and the first confirmed to have succeeded when Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary reached the summit on 29 May 1953 at 11:30 a.m. Led by Colonel John Hunt, it was organised and financed by the Joint Himalayan Committee. News of the expedition's success reached London in time to be released on the morning of Queen Elizabeth II's coronation, on 2 June that year.
Joel Monaghan
Joel Monaghan (born 22 April 1982) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who last played for the Castleford Tigers in the Super League. An Australian international and New South Wales State of Origin representative centre or winger, he previously played in the NRL for the Canberra Raiders and the Sydney Roosters.

New South Wales rugby league team
The New South Wales rugby league team has represented the Australian state of New South Wales in rugby league football since the sport's beginnings there in 1907. Also known as the Blues due to their sky blue jerseys, the team competes in the annual State of Origin series against Queensland. The team is currently coached by Laurie Daley and captained by Isaah Yeo, and is administered by the New South Wales Rugby League.

Prior to 1980 when the "state of origin" selection criteria was introduced, the New South Wales team, in addition to playing annually against Queensland, played matches against foreign touring sides and occasionally toured overseas themselves. Their home stadium is  Accor Stadium in Sydney, the largest stadium in the state, having been constructed for the 2000 Summer Olympics.
William C. Chynoweth
William C. Chynoweth (August 28, 1861–November 11, 1935) was an American newspaper editor, businessman, marshal, and politician.

Chynoweth was born in Monroe County, Ohio. In 1872, he moved with his family to Macon County, Illinois. He went to the public schools and to Illinois Wesleyan University. He taught school and was involved with farming.

In 1888, Chynoweth moved to Rogers, Arkansas because of his health. While living in Rogers, Arkansas, he was an editor of a newspaper and served as postmaster. Chynoweth also served as a deputy United States Marshal. He moved back to Decatur, Illinois, in 1910, and was involved with farming, banking, and the insurance business. Chynoweth served on the Macon County Board of Supervisors and was a Republican. He served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1925 to 1934. Chynoweth died from a kidney ailment at the Dr. George Laughlin Hospital in Kirksville, Missouri.

Illinois Wesleyan University
Illinois Wesleyan University is a private liberal arts college in Bloomington, Illinois, United States. Founded in 1850, the central portion of the present campus was acquired in 1854 with the first building erected in 1856.
Greengate, Greater Manchester
Greengate is an industrial district in the town of Chadderton in the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, Greater Manchester.

It is located in the south west of Chadderton, close to the town's common borders with Middleton to the west and Moston in the City of Manchester which lies to the south.

For postal purposes Greengate lies within the Manchester postal district (M24, Middleton).

British aircraft manufacturer Avro, later BAE Chadderton, built a factory at Greengate in 1938–39. It was one of the largest employers in the area.  The BAE factory was closed in 2012 and purchased later that year by NOV (formerly National Oilwell Varco), an American multinational working in oil and gas.

Avro
Avro (an initialism of the founder's name) was a British aircraft manufacturer. Its designs include the Avro 504, used as a trainer in the First World War, the Avro Lancaster, one of the pre-eminent bombers of the Second World War, and the delta wing Avro Vulcan, a stalwart of the Cold War.

Avro was founded in 1910 by Alliott Verdon Roe at the Brownsfield Mill on Great Ancoats Street in Manchester. The company remained based primarily in Lancashire throughout its 53 years of existence, with key development and manufacturing sites in Alexandra Park, Chadderton, Trafford Park, and Woodford, Greater Manchester. The company was merged into Hawker Siddeley Aviation in 1963, although the Avro name has been used for some aircraft since then.
Witherspoon Cottage
Witherspoon Cottage is a historic cure cottage in Saranac Lake, Franklin County, New York.  It was built about 1910 as a boarding house and is a 2+1⁄2-story, square frame dwelling in the Queen Anne style. The gable roof has hipped roof dormers. It features two cure porches; one above the verandah and a second supported by four posts and spanning two-thirds of the northwest facade.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

Boarding house
A boarding house is a house (frequently a family home) in which lodgers rent one or more rooms on a nightly basis and sometimes for extended periods of weeks, months, or years. The common parts of the house are maintained, and some services, such as laundry and cleaning, may be supplied. It normally provides "room and board", with some meals as well as accommodation.

Lodgers legally obtain a licence, not exclusive possession, to use their rooms and so the landlord retains the right of access.
History of Africans in Baltimore
The city of Baltimore, Maryland includes a significant African population. Immigrants from many African countries have settled in Baltimore, including Nigerians, Sudanese, South Sudanese, Liberians, Sierra Leoneans, Kenyans, Ghanaians, Cameroonians, Ethiopians, Eritreans, and Cape Verdeans. Nigerians, Ghanaians, and Ethiopians are the largest African immigrant groups residing in Baltimore. The largest concentration of African immigrants is located in northeast Baltimore. Nigerians are one of the fastest-growing immigrant groups in Maryland, with many Nigerian-Americans living in northwest Baltimore and adjacent suburbs of Baltimore County, such as Parkville, Owings Mills, and Woodlawn.

Sudanese Americans
Sudanese Americans (Arabic: أمريكيون سودانيون) are Americans of Sudanese ancestry or Sudanese who have American citizenship. Sudanese Americans may also include children born in the United States to an American (or to another nationality) parent and a Sudanese parent. Many Sudanese immigrated to the United States in the 1990s as war refugees, escaping from the second civil war.
In the 2012 American Community Survey, 48,763 people identified as Sudanese or Sudanese Americans who—or whose ancestors—have emigrated from their native land to the U.S. in the 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s.
Big Rock Falls
17°02′07″N 88°58′51″W﻿ / ﻿17.0352335716°N 88.9807766676°W﻿ / 17.0352335716; -88.9807766676

Big Rock Falls is a 150-foot waterfall on Privassion River, in the Mountain Pine Ridge Forest Reserve of the Cayo District of Belize.

Cayo District
Cayo is a district located in the west part of Belize, and it contains the capital, Belmopan. It is the most extensive, second-most populous and third-most densely populated of the six districts of Belize. The district's capital is the town of San Ignacio.
Liou Chen Kuang
Liou Chen Kuang is a Malaysian politician and businessman of Chinese descent from Machap Baru in Malacca state. He is a member of the Democratic Action Party (DAP) and was the party's losing candidate for the Malacca State Legislative Assembly seat of Machap in the 2004 general elections. In the 2004 election, the late Datuk Wira Poh Ah Tiam of the Barisan Nasional (BN) defeated him by a majority of 4,562 votes.

Despite the loss, on 30 March 2007, the DAP announced Liou will again contest for the party in the 2007 Machap by-election due to his  "knowledge of the local terrain", grassroots support, and his willingness "to serve Machap constituents". Liou was eventually defeated, but by a marginally smaller majority.

Machap Baru
Machap Baru, with an estimated population of 16,000, is a small town in Alor Gajah District, Malacca, Malaysia. Local restaurants, which serve exotic game, such as wild boar, deer, monitor lizards and snakes are often monitored by the Malaysian Wildlife and National Parks Department for involvement in illegal trading of endangered species.
Hornungskuppe
The Hornungskuppe (called the Hornsberg in the Middle Ages) is a wooded hill, 439 m above sea level (NHN), in the Thuringian Zipfel on the border of Hesse and Thuringia in Germany. It is part of the natural region of the Seulingswald.

The Hornsberg was mentioned in documents dating to the 12th century in connexion with the eponymous noble family. It belongs to the parish of Widdershausen in the borough of Heringen in the Hessian county of Hersfeld-Rotenburg and the parish of Dankmarshausen in Thuringian Wartburgkreis. The border between the two German states runs over the hill.

The Hornungskuppe is (still) used for forestry. The fenced in terrain on which the spoil tip of Monte Kali stands begins on its western slopes. Barely 500 metres to the northeast on a spur of the  Hornungskuppe stands Hornsberg Castle.

Natural region
A natural region (landscape unit) is a basic geographic unit. Usually, it is a region which is distinguished by its common natural features of geography, geology, and climate.

From the ecological point of view, the naturally occurring flora and fauna of the region are likely to be influenced by its geographical and geological factors, such as soil and water availability, in a significant manner. Thus most natural regions are homogeneous ecosystems. Human impact can be an important factor in the shaping and destiny of a particular natural region.
D.A.D. Draws a Circle
D.A.D. Draws a Circle is the second studio album by Danish rock band D-A-D, at the time known as Disneyland After Dark. It was released on 16 June 1987 by Mega Records. The album received fairly positive reviews and sold 30,000 copies in Denmark.

The album was produced by Englishman Mark Dearnley, who had engineered for acts like AC/DC, Motörhead, the Beat and Haircut One Hundred. The album title has a dual meaning: it refers to making an album and, also, signals that the band had come full circle while covering different musical styles such as hard rock, punk, country, and gospel.

The album contains D-A-D's first and only cover version, "A Horse with No Name" by America, at the request of producer Mark Dearnley.

Haircut One Hundred
Haircut One Hundred (also Haircut 100) are a British pop group formed in 1980 in Beckenham, London, by Nick Heyward, Les Nemes and Graham Jones. In 1981 and 1982, the band scored four UK top-10  singles: "Favourite Shirts (Boy Meets Girl)", "Love Plus One", "Nobody's Fool", and "Fantastic Day".
Jens Baxmann
Jens Baxmann (born 24 March 1985) is a German former professional ice hockey defenceman who played in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). Baxmann spent the majority of his professional career, playing as a stalwart on the blueline with Eisbären Berlin before spending two seasons with the Iserlohn Roosters.

On April 2, 2019, having concluded his 16th season with Eisbären Berlin in 2018–19, Baxmann left the club as a free agent, opting to continue his career in agreeing to a two-year contract with fellow German club, the Iserlohn Roosters.

Baxmann has also played internationally for the German national team.

Iserlohn Roosters
The Iserlohn Roosters are a professional ice hockey team based in Iserlohn, North Rhine-Westphalia. They are members of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL) since 2000 and play their home games at the Balver-Zinn Arena which is also known as Eissporthalle am Seilersee. The team made the playoffs three times in its first 15 seasons in the DEL. The Roosters are widely regarded for their fans and having one of the best atmospheres at home games in Europe despite having an arena capacity for just 4,967 spectators. The club caused much controversy in 1987 when, under Heinz Weifenbach, a US$900,000 advertising deal was signed for former Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi's The Green Book.
Saint-Germain-de-Belvès
Saint-Germain-de-Belvès (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʒɛʁmɛ̃ də bɛlvɛs], literally Saint-Germain of Belvès; Occitan: Sent German de Belvés) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.

Belvès
Belvès (French pronunciation: [bɛlvɛs]; Languedocien: Belvés) is a former commune in the Dordogne department in southwestern France. In 1973 it absorbed the former commune Fongalop. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune Pays-de-Belvès.

It is a member of Les Plus Beaux Villages de France. The nearest city is Sarlat-la-Canéda.
Abantis adelica
Abantis adelica, the western ragged skipper, is a butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Senegal, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Ghana, Togo, northern Nigeria, north-western Kenya, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Shaba), Malawi and possibly southern Sudan, Ethiopia and Uganda. The habitat consists of Guinea savanna.

Adults feed from the flowers of Tridax species.

The larvae possibly feed on Grewia species

Tridax
Tridax is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.

Tridax is native primarily to the tropical regions of North and South America. Tridax procumbens has become naturalized in the southern United States and is considered a noxious weed in some places.

Species

formerly included

see Calea Layia Sabazia

Tridax accedens - Calea verticillata

Tridax ehrenbergii  - Sabazia sarmentosa

Tridax gaillardioides  - Layia gaillardioides

Tridax verticillata  - Calea verticillata
Flora of Estonia
Estonia is a small, heavily forested country situated on the Baltic Sea. It is a part of the Euro-Siberian region of terrestrial Palearctic realm, and the Temperate Northern Atlantic marine ecoregion.

Phytogeographically, Estonia is shared between the Central European and Eastern European provinces of the Circumboreal Region within the Boreal Kingdom. According to the WWF, the territory of Estonia belongs to the ecoregion of Sarmatic mixed forests.

There are several plant species endemic to Estonia. These include, for example, Saaremaa yellow rattle (Rhinanthus osiliensis) and Estonian saw-wort (Saussurea esthonica). In total, there are 83 endemic taxa, mostly from the hawkweed (Hieracium) genus.

In total 1441 species of vascular plants have described, in addition more than 2500 species of algae, and 680 species of lichens.

Phytogeography
Phytogeography (from Greek  φυτόν, phytón 'plant' and  γεωγραφία, geographía 'geography' meaning also distribution) or botanical geography is the branch of biogeography that is concerned with the geographic distribution of plant species and their influence on the earth's surface. Phytogeography is concerned with all aspects of plant distribution, from the controls on the distribution of individual species ranges (at both large and small scales, see species distribution) to the factors that govern the composition of entire communities and floras. Geobotany, by contrast, focuses on the geographic space's influence on plants.
Masked Singer Pilipinas season 1
The first season of the Philippine television series Masked Singer Pilipinas premiered on TV5 on October 24, 2020, and concluded on December 26, 2020. The inaugural season was won by Daryl Ong as "2-2-B", with Katrina Velarde as "Diwata" as the runner-up, and Carlyn Ocampo in third place as "Pusa-way".

Daryl Ong
Daryl Neilsonn Ong (born March 24, 1987) is a Filipino singer and songwriter. He rose to fame after joining the singing competition The Voice of the Philippines.

When Ong sang his blind audition piece "Paano" (original by Gary Valenciano) for The Voice of the Philippines Season 2, he impressed the judges and the Filipino viewers.
Estrella Estévez
Dayris Estrella Estévez Carrera (born June 7, 1972) is an Ecuadorian transgender activist. She was one of the original founders of the Coccinelle Association, the first Ecuadorian trans organization. She was also a key player in the decriminalization of homosexuality in Ecuador. Additionally, in 2009, Estévez was able to change the sex on her government ID to female after a long legal battle. She was the first person in the country to do so, marking a milestone for LGBT rights in Ecuador.

Decriminalization of homosexuality in Ecuador
The decriminalization of homosexuality in Ecuador took place on 25 November 1997, when the Constitutional Tribunal issued a landmark decision in Case 111-97-TC declaring the first clause of Article 516 of the Penal Code – which criminalized same-sex sexual relations as a crime with a penalty of four to eight years of imprisonment – unconstitutional. The ruling put an end to more than one hundred years of criminalization of homosexuality and was the result of a claim filed by different LGBTQ groups as a response to the police abuses usually experienced by sexually diverse individuals in Ecuador.
Beal Wong
Beal Wong (May 11, 1906 – February 6, 1962) was an American actor from California. Wong acted in films from 1933 to 1962. Some of the films he appeared in were The Big Bluff, China, Women in the Night, Little Tokyo, U.S.A.. He also appeared in The Secret Code. He played the Chinese Radio Listener in Earth vs. the Flying Saucers.

Stage Mother (1933 film)
Stage Mother is a 1933 American pre-Code drama film directed by Charles Brabin and starring Alice Brady and Maureen O'Sullivan. The film is about a frustrated vaudeville performer who pushes her daughter into becoming a star dancer; selfishness, deceit and blackmail drive mother and daughter apart until a reconciliation at the end of the film. The screenplay was written by John Meehan and Bradford Ropes, based on the 1933 novel of the same name by Ropes.
2009 Hezbollah plot in Egypt
The 2009 Hezbollah plot in Egypt involved the arrest of 49 men by Egyptian authorities in the five months preceding April 2009. Egypt accused them of being Hezbollah agents planning attacks against Israeli and Egyptian targets in the Sinai Peninsula. The arrests led to tensions between the Egyptian government and Hezbollah, as well as between Egypt and Iran.

Tension had been high since Israel's Gaza War. Hezbollah head Hassan Nasrallah had accused Egypt of being a partner to the killing of Palestinians there, saying if it did not open the Rafah crossing it would be considered a "partner in the killing of Palestinians by the IDF."

The plot prompted the Egyptian government to officially designate Hezbollah a "terrorist group".

Politics of Egypt
The politics of Egypt takes place within the framework of a republican semi-presidential system of government. The current political system was established following the 2013 Egyptian military coup d'état, and the takeover of President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi. In the current system, the President is elected for a six-year term. Furthermore, the President has the power to dissolve Parliament through Article 137.
The Parliament of Egypt is the oldest legislative chamber in Africa and the Middle East. The House of Representatives has the ability to impeach the President through Article 161. With 2020 elections to the new Senate, the chamber became bicameral.
Liberal Party (Bolivia)
The Liberal Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal; PL) was a liberal political party in Bolivia active between 1883 and 1979. It was one of two major parties, alongside the Conservative Party, that dominated the politics of Bolivia from 1884 to 1920. The Liberals constituted the primary opposition to the Conservatives from 1884 to 1899 and ruled continuously from 1899 to 1920 after taking power in the Federal War. Liberal rule ended in 1920 when the party was ousted in a coup d'état. The Liberals remained intermittently influential and electorally competitive until the Bolivian National Revolution of 1952, and it finally lost its legal party status in 1979, during the democratic transition.

Politics of Bolivia
The politics of Bolivia takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the president is head of state, head of government and head of a diverse multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of parliament. Both the Judiciary and the electoral branch are independent of the executive and the legislature. After the 2014 Bolivian general election, 53.1% of the seats in national parliament were held by women, a higher proportion of women than that of the population.