hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of parallel algorithms
In computer science, analysis of parallel algorithms is the process of finding the computational complexity of algorithms executed in parallel – the amount of time, storage, or other resources needed to execute them. In many respects, analysis of parallel algorithms is similar to the analysis of sequential algorithms, but is generally more involved because one must reason about the behavior of multiple cooperating threads of execution. One of the primary goals of parallel analysis is to understand how a parallel algorithm's use of resources (speed, space, etc.) changes as the number of processors is changed.

Sequential algorithm
In computer science, a sequential algorithm or serial algorithm is an algorithm that is executed sequentially – once through, from start to finish, without other processing executing – as opposed to concurrently or in parallel. The term is primarily used to contrast with concurrent algorithm or parallel algorithm; most standard computer algorithms are sequential algorithms, and not specifically identified as such, as sequentialness is a background assumption. Concurrency and parallelism are in general distinct concepts, but they often overlap – many distributed algorithms are both concurrent and parallel – and thus "sequential" is used to contrast with both, without distinguishing which one. If these need to be distinguished, the opposing pairs sequential/concurrent and serial/parallel may be used.

"Sequential algorithm" may also refer specifically to an algorithm for decoding a convolutional code.
Adoration of the Shepherds (Lotto)
Adoration of the Shepherds is a c. 1534 oil-on-canvas painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Lorenzo Lotto, signed "Lottus" and now in the Pinacoteca Tosio Martinengo in Brescia. Its dating is based on stylistic motifs such as the naturalistic details similar to those of the Recanati Annunciation. It also shows similarities to nativities painted around the same time by Girolamo Savoldo, whom Lotto met in Venice. It seems to have been commissioned by Braccio II and Sforza Baglioni, two noblemen from Perugia, who were the models for the two shepherds. They may have met the artist in the Marche during a pilgrimage to Loreto. A ring on Mary's right hand is probably an allusion to the Holy Ring, a relic in Perugia Cathedral, which supports the idea that the work was produced for that city. This provenance is solely based on an account from 1824 by the art dealer who that year sold it to Paolo Tosio, a count from Brescia.

Lorenzo Lotto
Lorenzo Lotto (c. 1480 – 1556/57) was an Italian Renaissance painter, draughtsman, and illustrator, traditionally placed in the Venetian school, though much of his career was spent in other north Italian cities. He painted mainly altarpieces, religious subjects and portraits. He was active during the High Renaissance and the first half of the Mannerist period, but his work maintained a generally similar High Renaissance style throughout his career, although his nervous and eccentric posings and distortions represented a transitional stage to the Florentine and Roman Mannerists.
Yamalak, Kuyucak
Yamalak is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Kuyucak, Aydın Province, Turkey. Its population is 1,579 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). The Battle of Antioch on the Meander took place close to the town.

Aydın Province
Aydın Province (Turkish: Aydın ili) is a province and metropolitan municipality of southwestern Turkey, located in the Aegean Region. Its area is 8,116 km2, and its population is 1,148,241 (2022). The provincial capital is the city of Aydın. Other towns in the province include the summer seaside resorts of Didim and Kuşadası.
Sainte-Rose-de-Lima, French Guiana
Sainte-Rose-de-Lima is a village of Lokono Amerindians in the commune of Matoury in French Guiana. The village is located on the RN2 near Cayenne – Félix Eboué Airport. It is the largest settlement of Lokono in French Guiana.

Lokono
The Lokono or Arawak are an Indigenous peoples from the northern coastal regions of South America. Today, approximately 10,000 Lokono live primarily along the coasts and rivers of Guyana, with smaller numbers in Venezuela, Trinidad, Suriname, French Guiana.

They speak the Arawak language, the eponymous language of the Arawakan language family, as well as various Creole languages, and English.
Hyposmocoma tigrina
Hyposmocoma tigrina is a species of moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It was first described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1881. It is endemic to the Hawaiian island of Maui. The type locality is Haleakalā.

It was discovered on koa trees.

Acacia koa
Acacia koa, commonly known as koa, is a species of flowering tree in the family Fabaceae. It is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, where it is the second most common tree. The highest populations are on Hawaiʻi, Maui and Oʻahu.
Johan Lauritz Eidem
Johan Lauritz Eidem (9 September 1891 – 6 July 1984) was a Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party.

He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Møre og Romsdal during the term 1950–1953.

Møre og Romsdal
Møre og Romsdal (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈmø̂ːrə ɔ ˈrʊ̀msdɑːɫ] ⓘ; English: Møre and Romsdal) is a county in the northernmost part of Western Norway. It borders the counties of Trøndelag, Innlandet, and Vestland. The county administration is located in the town of Molde, while Ålesund is the largest town. The county is governed by the Møre og Romsdal County Municipality which includes an elected county council and a county mayor. The national government is represented by the county governor.
Frying pan (Karlsruhe 75/11)
The Cycladian "frying pan" often known as "Karlsruhe 75/11" from its former location and inventory number in the Baden State Museum in Karlsruhe, Germany is an ornately carved stone object of the type nicknamed as frying pans, from the Bronze Age Cycladic civilization of the Aegean. It dates to the Early Cycladic period, between the 27th and 24th centuries BC (EC II). The find spot is unknown, except that it originated on the Cycladic island of Naxos. The item derived from an illegal excavation and was acquired in 1975 by the Baden State Museum in Karlsruhe. On 6 June 2014 it was repatriated to the National Archaeological Museum of Athens, Greece.

It is one of only a few Cycladic frying pans in stone; the great majority of the 200-odd known are pottery.

Cyclades
The Cyclades (/ˈsɪklədiːz/; Greek: Κυκλάδες, romanized: Kykládes, IPA: [ciˈkla.ðes]) are an island group in the Aegean Sea, southeast of mainland Greece and a former administrative prefecture of Greece. They are one of the island groups which constitute the Aegean archipelago. The name (Κυκλάδες νήσοι, Kykládes nísoi, 'encircling islands') refers to the archipelago forming a circle around the sacred island of Delos. The largest island of the Cyclades is Naxos; the most populated, however, is Syros.
Bloodstorm
Bloodstorm can refer to:

BloodStorm, an arcade game

Bloodstorm (book), a novel by Heather Gladney

Bloodstorm (Marvel Comics), an alternate version of X-Men character Storm

Bloodstorm One, a vampire character in Marvel Comics

Batman: Bloodstorm, a DC Comics graphic novel

Subspecies 4: Bloodstorm, a horror film

Bloodstorm, the UK DVD title for Nazis at the Center of the Earth

Nazis at the Center of the Earth
Nazis at the Center of the Earth (known as Bloodstorm in the United Kingdom) is a 2012 American direct-to-video science fiction war film produced by The Asylum that stars Dominique Swain and Jake Busey. It was released on April 24, 2012 on Blu-ray Disc and DVD.
Cameroonian English
Cameroonian English (CamE), also known as Cameroon English, or sometimes Cameroon Anglophone English or Ambazonian English, is an English dialect spoken predominantly in Cameroon. It shares some similarities with English varieties in neighbouring West Africa, as Cameroon lies at the west of Central Africa; however, its distinctive phonetics, phonology and lexicon, influenced both by French and by indigenous Cameroonian languages, distinguish it as an independent variety. It is primarily spoken in the Northwest and Southwest regions of Cameroon.

It is a postcolonial variety of English, long in use in the territory (Southern Cameroons, now split into Northwest and Southwest). Over the years, it has developed characteristic features, particularly in lexis but also in phonology and grammar. Those characteristics were once regarded as errors but are now increasingly accepted as distinctive Cameroonian contributions to the English language.

University of Reunion Island
The University of Reunion Island (Université de La Réunion) is a French university in the Academy of Réunion. It is the first and only European university in the Indian Ocean. Established in 1982, it has grown steadily over the years in terms of student population, geographical sites occupied, courses offered and partnerships forged with local, national, and international institutions. The school's ambition is to be the reference university in Indianoceania.

The University has 123 ERASMUS+ inter-institutional agreements. Its European project EVAL-IC (Evaluation of Competences in Intercomprehension) has been awarded the "good practice" label by the Erasmus+ France Agency, given to projects that present "high quality implementation and results".
Synod of the Northeast
Synod of the Northeast is an upper judicatory of the Presbyterian Church (USA) based in East Syracuse, New York. The synod oversees 19 presbyteries in six New England states (Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut), two of the three Mid-Atlantic States (New Jersey and New York), plus a non-geographical Korean Presbytery.

Judiciary
The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law in legal cases.
Mathematical Society of the Philippines
The Mathematical Society of the Philippines (MSP) is a professional organization for mathematicians in the Philippines, recognized by the International Mathematical Union as the main national mathematics society for its country. It was founded in 1973 following a sequence of discussions and meetings the previous year, one of which was the July 1972 meeting of the Southeast Asian Mathematical Society in Singapore.

The society aims to promote interest of mathematics and its applications, knowledge in mathematics and enable mathematical research. It publishes a Bulletin Matimyas Matematika and runs an annual convention in May, both devoted to mathematical research and educational issues. It is also involved in training a team to represent the Philippines at the International Mathematical Olympiad, selected from the twenty national finalists from the Philippine Mathematical Olympiad who join the Mathematical Olympiad Summer Camp.

International Mathematical Olympiad
The International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) is a mathematical olympiad for pre-university students, and is the oldest of the International Science Olympiads. It is widely regarded as the most prestigious mathematical competition in the world. The first IMO was held in Romania in 1959. It has since been held annually, except in 1980. More than 100 countries participate. Each country sends a team of up to six students, plus one team leader, one deputy leader, and observers.

The contest takes place over two days, and consists of six problems (three given on each day). The problems are extremely difficult, and may include topics not conventionally covered in school, but they avoid the use of calculus. Awards are given to approximately the top-scoring 50% of the individual contestants. Teams are not officially recognized—all scores are given only to individual contestants, but team scoring is unofficially compared more than individual scores.
D. Del Reverda-Jennings
D. Del Reverda-Jennings is an American interdisciplinary artist and curator based in Indianapolis, Indiana known for her paintings and mixed media pieces. Del Reverda-Jennings has exhibited work across the United States, including at the Cincinnati Art Museum and the Indianapolis Museum of Contemporary Art.

Born in Alaska, Del Reverda-Jennings was raised in Chicago and is now based in Indianapolis. As a primarily self-taught artist, she often addresses in her work themes of the African diaspora, the Divine feminine, and personal identity. In 2023, Del Reverda-Jennings received a Governor's Art Award from the Indiana Arts Commission and Office of the Governor in Indiana.

Indianapolis Contemporary
Indianapolis Contemporary, formerly known as the Indianapolis Museum of Contemporary Art or  iMOCA,  was a museum of contemporary art in Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S. In 2020, the gallery's board voted to begin closing down operations, a result of financial strains caused by COVID-19.
1994 Epsom Derby
The 1994 Epsom Derby was a horse race which took place at Epsom Downs on Wednesday 1 June 1994. It was the 215th running of the Derby, and it was won by the pre-race favourite Erhaab. The winner was ridden by Willie Carson and trained by John Dunlop.

Glasgow Stakes
The Glasgow Stakes is a Listed flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old horses. It is run at Hamilton Park over a distance of 1 mile, 3 furlongs and 15 yards (2,227 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in July.
Horror films of Asia
Horror films in Asia have been noted as being inspired by national, cultural or religious folklore, particularly beliefs in ghosts or spirits. In Asian Horror, Andy Richards writes that there is a "widespread and engrained acceptance of supernatural forces" in many Asian cultures, and suggests this is related to animist, pantheist and karmic religious traditions, as in Buddhism and Shintoism. Although Chinese, Japanese, Thai and Korean horror has arguably received the most international attention, Asian horror films also makes up a considerable proportion of Cambodian
and Malaysian cinema.

Chinese horror film
Chinese horror include films from China and Hong Kong that are part of the stream of Asian horror films. Like Korean, Taiwanese and Japanese horror as well as other Asian horror films, many focus on ghosts (yurei is also very common), supernatural environments, and suffering. Perhaps one of the best films for C-horror is The Eye directed by the Pang brothers which was later remade.

There is also some comedy elements such as Bio Zombie, Troublesome Night film series, The Vampire Who Admires Me, and My Left Eye Sees Ghosts.
Oregon Route 74
Oregon Route 74 is an Oregon, U.S. state highway running from Interstate 84 in Gilliam County to U.S. Route 395 in Umatilla County.  OR 74 is known as the Heppner Highway No. 52 (see Oregon highways and routes).  It is 83.05 miles (133.66 km) long and runs east–west.

Part of OR 74 is included in the Blue Mountain Scenic Byway.

Umatilla County, Oregon
Umatilla County (/ˌjuːməˈtɪlə/) is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. The population of 81,826 ranks it as the 14th largest in Oregon, and largest in Eastern Oregon. Hermiston is the largest and fastest growing city in Umatilla County, but Pendleton remains the county seat.  Umatilla County is part of the Hermiston-Pendleton, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area, which has a combined population of 94,833. It is included in the eight-county definition of Eastern Oregon.

The county is named for the Umatilla River.
Emmampoondi
Emmampoondi is a panchayat village in Gobichettipalayam taluk in Erode District of Tamil Nadu state, India. It is about 28 km from Gobichettipalayam and 63 km from district headquarters Erode. The village is located on the road connecting Gobichettipalayam with Nambiyur. Emmampoondi has a population of about 6366.

Nambiyur
Nambiyur is a Panchayat town and Panchayat Union in Nambiyur Taluk, Erode district, Tamil Nadu, in India.

"Nambiyur" is one of the new taluks in Erode district;Currently, Taluk office is present near Indian Oil petrol Bunk, in Nambiyur.

The Nambiyur was ruled by a small and proud king named "Nambi"; after his death, the people and the king's family named the town Nambiyur.
1998 Women's Australian Hockey League
The 1998 Women's Australian Hockey League (AHL) was the 6th edition of the women's field hockey tournament. The tournament was held in various cities across Australia, and was contested from 25 June through to 18 July 1999.

NSW Arrows won the tournament for the third time after defeating QLD Scorchers 4–3 in the final. WAIS Diamonds finished in third place after defeating ACT Strikers 3–2 in the third and fourth place playoff.

Canberra Labor Club Strikers
The Canberra Labor Club Strikers are a nationally competing women's field hockey team based in Australian Capital Territory. Coached by Mark Stafford, they compete in the Australian Hockey League. They are captained by Shelley Watson and Meredith Bone. They have not won the AHL title to date, but have been runners-up on 4 occasions.
Martha Wardrop
Martha Wardrop is a Scottish Green politician. She is a Glasgow city councillor, first elected in the Hillhead ward in 2007 and subsequently re-elected in 2012, 2017 and 2022.

She was born in St Andrews, grew up in Fife and has lived in Glasgow since moving there as a student in 1988.

Between 2011 and 2013, she was joint convenor of the party.

2007 Glasgow City Council election
Elections to Glasgow City Council were held on 3 May 2007, the same day as the other Scottish local government elections and the Scottish Parliament general election. The election was the first one using 21 new wards created as a result of the Local Governance (Scotland) Act 2004, each ward elected three or four councillors using the single transferable vote system form of proportional representation. The new wards replaced 79 single-member wards which used the plurality (first past the post) system of election. It also saw the election of Glasgow's first councillors for the Scottish Greens and for Solidarity.
Janet Hilton
Janet Lesley Hilton (born 1 January 1945) is a British clarinet soloist, teacher, chamber performer, and orchestral musician. She has gained widespread recognition for her extensive recordings with the Chandos and Naxos record labels.

Naxos (company)
Naxos comprises numerous companies, divisions, imprints, and labels specializing in classical music but also audiobooks and other genres. The premier label is Naxos Records, which focuses on classical music. Naxos Musical Group encompasses about 17 labels including Naxos Records, Naxos Audiobooks, and Naxos Books (ebooks). They distribute a number of additional labels that are independent of the Naxos Musical Group with a wide range of offerings.

The company was founded in 1987 by Klaus Heymann, a German-born resident of Hong Kong. In September 2025, Kuke Music Holding Ltd (NYSE: KUKE), a leading classical music services platform in China, acquired a controlling interest in Naxos Music Group for US$106 million.
Paulette Dubost
Paulette Dubost (8 October 1910 – 21 September 2011) was a French actress who began her career at the age of 7 at the Paris Opera.

She appeared in over 250 films and worked with directors such as Marcel Carné, Jean Renoir, Max Ophüls (Le Plaisir 1952 and Lola Montès, 1955) and François Truffaut. Her best-known role is as Lisette in Renoir's The Rules of the Game (La règle du jeu, 1939). Originally intended to be a small role offering only a couple of days' work, the extent of her part grew during the four-month shooting schedule.

She died at age 100.

Lola Montès
Lola Montès is a 1955 historical romance film, and the last completed film of director Max Ophüls. Based on Cécil Saint-Laurent's novel La vie extraordinaire de Lola Montès, the film depicts the life of Irish dancer and courtesan Lola Montez (1821–1861), portrayed by Martine Carol, and tells the story of her many notorious affairs, most notably those with Franz Liszt and Ludwig I of Bavaria. A co-production between France and West Germany, the dialogue is mostly in French and German, with a few English-language sequences.

The most expensive European film produced up to its time, Lola Montès underperformed at the box office but had a significant artistic influence on the French New Wave movement and has many distinguished critical admirers. Heavily reedited (multiple times) and shortened after its initial release for commercial reasons, it has been twice restored (in 1968 and 2008). The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray in North America by The Criterion Collection in February 2010.
Apaven
41°12′N 44°21′E﻿ / ﻿41.200°N 44.350°E﻿ / 41.200; 44.350

Apaven (Armenian: Ապավեն; Azerbaijani: Sarıyar) is a village in the Lori Province of Armenia by the Armenia–Georgia border. The village was populated by Azerbaijanis before the exodus of Azerbaijanis from Armenia after the outbreak of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.

Azerbaijanis in Armenia
Azerbaijanis in Armenia (Azerbaijani: Ermənistan azərbaycanlıları or Qərbi azərbaycanlılar, lit. 'Western Azerbaijanis') numbered 29 people according to the 2001 census of Armenia. Although they have previously been the biggest minority in the country according to 1831–1989 censuses, they are virtually non-existent since 1988–1991 when most fled or were forced out of the country as a result of the tensions of the First Nagorno-Karabakh War to neighboring Azerbaijan. The UNHCR estimates that the current population of Azerbaijanis in Armenia to be somewhere between 30 and a few hundred people, with most of them living in rural areas as members of mixed couples (mostly mixed marriages), as well as elderly or sick. Most of them are reported to have changed their names to maintain a low profile to avoid discrimination.
El Mahmoudiyah
El Mahmoudia (Arabic: المحمودية, IPA: [elmæħmoˈdejjæ]) is an Egyptian city on the connection point between the Nile and Mahmoudiyah canal. It is a city with a history despite its modernity. It was one of the most important trade ports on the Nile River. Trading ships traveling from Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt to Alexandria passed through its lock and up the Mahmoudiyah Canal. Trading ships from Alexandria also carried imported merchandise to Cairo through the port.

Lower Egypt
Lower Egypt (Arabic: مصر السفلى Miṣr as-Suflā) is the northernmost region of Egypt, which consists of the fertile Nile Delta between Upper Egypt and the Mediterranean Sea. The Nile River split into seven branches of the delta in Lower Egypt. Lower Egypt was divided into nomes and began to advance as a civilization after 3600 BC. Today, it contains two major channels that flow through the delta of the Nile River – Mahmoudiyah Canal (ancient Agathos Daimon) and Muways Canal (Arabic: بحر موَيس, "waterway of Moses").
Saharsa–Purnia line
Saharsa–Purnia line is a single 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) broad gauge track from Saharsa Junction to Purnia Junction of Bihar state. The line connects Saharsa to the Mini Darjeeling of Bihar Purnia. The Saharsa–Purnia Court section falls under Samastipur Division of East Central Railway and Purnia Court–Purnia Junction section under Katihar Division of Northeast Frontier Railway.

Purnea Junction railway station
Purnea Junction railway station (station code:- PRNA) is the railway station serving the city of Purnea in the Purnea district in the Indian state of Bihar. It is an A category railway station of Katihar railway division in Northeast Frontier Railway.