hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Web application firewall
A web application firewall (WAF) is a specific form of application firewall that filters, monitors, and blocks HTTP traffic to and from a web service. By inspecting HTTP traffic, it can prevent attacks exploiting a web application's known vulnerabilities, such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), file inclusion, and improper system configuration. Financial institutions often utilize WAFs to help in the mitigation of web application zero-day vulnerabilities, as well as hard-to-patch bugs or weaknesses through custom attack signature strings.

Cross-site scripting
Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a type of security vulnerability that can be found in some web applications. XSS attacks enable attackers to inject client-side scripts into web pages viewed by other users. A cross-site scripting vulnerability may be used by attackers to bypass access controls such as the same-origin policy. XSS effects vary in range from petty nuisance to significant security risk, depending on the sensitivity of the data handled by the vulnerable site and the nature of any security mitigation implemented by the site's owner network.

OWASP considers the term cross-site scripting to be a misnomer. It initially was an attack that was used for breaching data across sites, but gradually started to include other forms of data injection attacks.
Vafaei
Vafaei or Vafaie (Persian: وفایی) is a Persian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alireza Vafaei (born 1989), Iranian futsal player

Hossein Vafaei (born 1994), Iranian snooker player

Homa Vafaie Farley

Hossein Vafaei
Hossein Vafaei (Persian: حسین وفایی; born 15 October 1994) is an Iranian professional snooker player. He is the first professional player from Iran. He won his first ranking title at the 2022 Snooker Shoot Out, beating Mark Williams 1–0 (71–0) in the final.

Vafaei made his Crucible debut at the 2022 World Snooker Championship, where he lost 4–10 to Judd Trump in the first round. He made his Masters debut at the 2023 event, replacing Zhao Xintong in the draw after the sport's governing body suspended Zhao amid a match-fixing investigation. Vafaei defeated Mark Selby 6–2 in the first round, but lost 4–6 to Jack Lisowski in the quarter-finals, despite equalling the tournament's highest break of 143 in the match.
Brandon Mroz
Brandon Mroz (born December 22, 1990) is an American former competitive figure skater. He is the 2009 U.S. silver medalist and the 2006 & 2007 Junior Grand Prix Final silver medalist. He is the first skater to have completed a quadruple Lutz in a sanctioned competition.

Lutz jump
The Lutz is a figure skating jump named after Alois Lutz, an Austrian skater. It is a toe-pick assisted jump with an entrance from a back outside edge and landing on the back outside edge of the opposite foot. It is the second-most difficult jump in figure skating and "probably the second-most famous jump after the Axel".
Greg Goosen
Gregory John Goosen (born 9 September 1983) is a South African former professional rugby union player.

Born in Durban, Goosen was a versatile utility back, used mostly as a fullback, but also capable of playing as a centre or fly-half. He toured the United Kingdom with the Natal Sharks under-19s, but found himself behind the likes of Percy Montgomery and Brent Russell for senior selection, so made the decision to continue his career in France.

Goosen had four seasons at Paris-based club Racing 92, then crossed to Stade Rochelais for a season in 2010–11. He was signed in 2011 by Premiership Rugby side Newcastle Falcons to play fullback and impressed with a hattrick in their LV Cup win over Cardiff. In 2012, Goosen was loaned out to French club SU Agen, a stint which ended early when he was knocked out and concussed against Castres. He subsequently retired and returned to South Africa.

SU Agen Lot-et-Garonne
Sporting Union Agen Lot-et-Garonne (French pronunciation: [spɔʁtɪŋ ynjɔ̃ aʒɛ̃ lɔt e ɡaʁɔn]), commonly referred to as SU Agen, Agen (French pronunciation: [aʒɛ̃]) or SUALG, is a French professional rugby union club based in Agen, Lot-et-Garonne that competes in the Pro D2, France's second division of rugby.

Founded in 1908, Agen is one of the historic clubs in French rugby, having won the French Championship eight times. Its home ground is the Stade Armandie and traditional club colours are navy blue and white.

The club is renowned for its youth system and its academy structure.
Harunasan Ropeway
The Harunasan Ropeway (榛名山ロープウェイ, Harunasan Rōpuwei) is a Japanese aerial lift line in Haruna, Gunma, operated by Tanigawadake Ropeway Company. The Tōbu Group company also operates another aerial lift line, Tanigawadake Ropeway. The line climbs to the summit of Mount Haruna. The line opened in 1929, and refurbished in 1996 to the current system, which two smaller cabins are attached.

Tobu Railway
The Tobu Railway Company, Ltd. (東武鉄道株式会社, Tōbu Tetsudō kabushiki gaisha) is a Japanese commuter railway and keiretsu holding company in the Greater Tokyo Area as well as an intercity and regional operator in the Kantō region. Excluding the Japan Railways Group companies, Tobu's 463.3 km (287.9 mi) rail system is the second longest in Japan after Kintetsu. It serves large portions of Saitama Prefecture, Gunma Prefecture and Tochigi Prefecture, as well as northern Tokyo and western Chiba Prefecture. The Tobu Railway Company is listed in the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 index.

The Tobu corporate group is also engaged in road transportation (bus/taxi), real estate, and retail. It is the owner of the Tokyo Skytree, the third tallest tower in the world. The company is a member of the Fuyo Group keiretsu.

The name "Tobu" is formed from the kanji for east (東) and Musashi (武蔵), the initial area served.
Voisin VIII
The Voisin VIII is a French two-seat biplane pusher which was built in two versions, one fitted with a 37mm Hotchkiss cannon (the LBP or Ca.2), and the other as a conventional bomber (the LAP or Bn.2). Problems with the Peugeot 8Aa engine led to a short operational career with front line units before being superseded by the Voisin X, which aside from the installation of a new Renault engine, was nearly identical to the VIII.

American Expeditionary Forces
The American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) was a formation of the United States Armed Forces on the Western Front during World War I, composed mostly of units from the U.S. Army. The AEF was established on July 5, 1917, in Chaumont, France under the command of then-major general John J. Pershing. It fought alongside French Army, British Army, Canadian Army, British Indian Army, New Zealand Army and Australian Army units against the Imperial German Army. A small number of AEF troops also fought alongside Italian Army units in 1918 against the Austro-Hungarian Army. The AEF helped the French Army on the Western Front during the Aisne Offensive (at the Battle of Château-Thierry and Battle of Belleau Wood) in the summer of 1918, and fought its major actions in the Battle of Saint-Mihiel and the Meuse-Argonne Offensive in the latter part of 1918.
Rupert of Hentzau (TV series)
Rupert of Hentzau is a 1964 British television series based on the 1898 novel Rupert of Hentzau, which ran for six half-hour episodes. It starred George Baker, Barbara Shelley, Peter Wyngarde, John Phillips, Tristram Jellinek, Sally Home and Derek Blomfield. It was recorded at the BBC Television Centre in Wood Lane, west London. All six episodes are listed as being lost.

John Phillips (actor)
William John Phillips MC (20 July 1914 – 11 May 1995) was an English actor. He is known for the role of Chief Superintendent Robins in the television series Z-Cars and for his work as a Shakespearean stage actor.
Shire of Buloke
The Shire of Buloke is a local government area in Victoria, Australia, located in the western part of the state. It covers an area of 8,000 square kilometres (3,100 sq mi) and, in August 2021, had a population of 6,201. It includes the towns of Birchip, Charlton, Donald, Sea Lake and Wycheproof.

The Shire is governed and administered by the Buloke Shire Council; its seat of local government and administrative centre is located at the Council headquarters in Wycheproof, it also has service centres located in Birchip, Charlton, Donald and Sea Lake. The Shire is named after a major geographical feature in the region, Lake Buloke, which is located in the south of the LGA; the name also comes from the "buloke" or "bulloak" tree Allocasuarina luehmannii, which is common in the region.

Within the Shire, agriculture, particularly grain production, is the predominant source of income and employment.

Seat of government
A seat of government is a "building, complex of buildings or the city from which a government exercises its authority". When referring to a city, the seat of government is generally the capital of the state or administrative entity in question, although there are exceptions. Particular terms for the seat of certain territorial subdivisions are administrative centre, county seat (common in the United States), county town (United Kingdom and Ireland), or barrio-pueblo (Puerto Rico), among others; buildings that may function as seats of government include official residences, supreme court buildings, city or town halls, administrative or executive buildings, shire or county halls, legislative buildings, and barangay halls.
The Buffalo Invasion
The Buffalo Invasion was a professional wrestling live event produced by Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) on May 17, 1997. The event was held in the Burt Flickinger Center in Buffalo, New York in the United States. Excerpts from The Buffalo Invasion aired on episode #213 of the syndicated television show ECW Hardcore TV on May 22, 1997, while the event was released on VHS and DVD. Both the main event and the bout between the Dudley Brothers, the Eliminators, and the Gangstas were included on the compilation DVD ECW: Unreleased Vol. 2 released by WWE in 2013.

ECW Hardcore TV
ECW Hardcore TV is an American professional wrestling television program that was produced by the Philadelphia based promotion Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) composed of footage from live shows and recorded interviews. It ran in syndication from April 6, 1993 to December 31, 2000.

Even after ECW gained a nationally-available television program on The Nashville Network (TNN), Hardcore TV was considered ECW's flagship program. The rights to the show now belong to the WWE. The show was voted as Best Weekly Television Show in the 1994, 1995 and 1996 Wrestling Observer Newsletter Awards.
O Preço de um Homem
O Preço de um Homem is a Brazilian telenovela produced and broadcast by Rede Tupi, between 15 November 1971 and 24 June 1972 in 192 episodes. It was broadcast on 8 pm.

It was created by Ody Fraga based on the novel Senhora by José de Alencar, and it was directed by Henrique Martins.

This is the third Brazilian adaptation of the novel, as TV Paulista broadcast an adaptation in 1953, and Rede Tupi broadcast another in 1962.

Of the 192 originally shown episodes, only 2 were preserved, being under the guard of Cinemateca Brasileira.

Senhora (novel)
Senhora is a novel written by the Brazilian writer José de Alencar. It was first published in 1875, two years before the author's death. It was the third book by the author about the position of women in Brazil's 19th century Rio de Janeiro society (the other two being Diva and Lucíola), published under the pseudonym G.M.
Vocabulario de la lengua Bicol
The Vocabulario de la lengua bicol (Spanish for Vocabulary of the Bicol language) is a list of vocabulary of the Bicol language, collected by Mark of Lisbon when he was assigned to Bicol Region, Philippines.

Lisboa, a Franciscan friar, resided in the Philippines from 1586 until 1618. He served in Ambos Camarines, where Bicol was widely spoken, from sometime between 1592 and 1602 until 1616. Lisboa died in Mexico in 1628. The  Vocabulario was first published posthumously in 1754. A second edition of the Vocabulario was published in 1865 under the expressed order of Bishop Francisco Gainza. It contained 10,495 (Bikol-Español) word entries in 417 pages using 22-inch (560 mm) x 33-inch (840 mm) paper and 5,588 entries in the (Español-Bicol) section in 103 pages. Realubit describes the Bicol vocabulary as "broad in social scale and localization", but criticizes Lisboa's presentation of grammatical tense, affixes, and parts of speech.

Ambos Camarines
Ambos Camarines (Spanish: ambos, meaning "both"; commonly known as Camarines), officially the Province of Ambos Camarines, was a historical province in the Philippines found on the northern end of the Bicol Peninsula. It now exists as two separate provinces—Camarines Norte (North) and Camarines Sur (South).

The province was founded in 1579 and was split into two, Camarines Norte and Sur in 1829. They were reunited under the province Ambos Camarines in 1854, but was separated again after three years. In 1893, they were reunited until March 10, 1917, when Act No. 2711 formed most of the present-day provinces, including Camarines Norte and Camarines Sur.
Anna, Russia
Anna (Russian: Анна) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Anna, Voronezh Oblast, an urban-type settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of Anninskoye Urban Settlement in Anninsky District of Voronezh Oblast

Rural localities

Anna, Primorsky Krai, a selo under the administrative jurisdiction of Nakhodka City Under Krai Jurisdiction in Primorsky Krai

Nakhodka
Nakhodka (Russian: Нахо́дка, IPA: [nɐˈxotkə], means "finding") is a port city in Primorsky Krai, Russia, located on the Trudny Peninsula jutting into the Nakhodka Bay of the Sea of Japan, about 85 kilometers (53 mi) east of Vladivostok (169 kilometers by car ), the administrative center of the krai. Population:  159,719 (2010 Census); 148,826 (2002 Census); 160,056 (1989 Soviet census).
Modinagar railway station
Modinagar railway station (code: MDNR) is a main railway station in Ghaziabad district, Uttar Pradesh. It serves Modinagar city. The station consists of two platforms. The platforms are not well sheltered. It lacks many facilities including water and sanitation.

The station lies between Meerut and Ghaziabad therefore most of the major express trains as well as all general passenger trains from Delhi to Meerut–Haridwar–Dehradun route stop at this railway station. The station is part of Delhi–Meerut–Saharanpur line of the Northern Railway and comes under Delhi railway division of Northern Railway.

Ghaziabad district
Ghaziabad district (pronounced [ɣaːziːaːˈbaːd̪ ˈzɪla]) is a largely suburban district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. It is also a core part of the National Capital Region.  The city of Ghaziabad is the administrative headquarters of the district. This district is part of Meerut Division. It has become a major bedroom community for Delhi.
Sapho and Phao
Sapho and Phao is an Elizabethan era stage play, a comedy written by John Lyly. One of Lyly's earliest dramas, it was likely the first that the playwright devoted to the allegorical idealisation of Queen Elizabeth I that became the predominating feature of Lyly's dramatic canon.

Elizabethan literature
Elizabethan literature refers to bodies of work produced during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I (1558–1603), and is one of the most splendid ages of English literature. In addition to drama and the theatre, it saw a flowering of poetry, with new forms like the sonnet, the Spenserian stanza, and dramatic blank verse, as well as prose, including historical chronicles, pamphlets, and the first English novels. Major writers include William Shakespeare, Edmund Spenser, Christopher Marlowe, John Lyly, John Donne, Walter Raleigh, Richard Hooker, Ben Jonson, Philip Sidney, Thomas Kyd, and Richard Barnfield.
Music of Andhra Pradesh
There were eminent mridangam artists like "Mrudanga Kesari" Mullapudi Lakshmana Rao and his son Mullapudi Sri Rama Murty. And his disciple " Mrudanga Shiromani" Dharmala Rama Murty and his son Dharmala Venkateshwara Rao. There were other legends like ML Lakshminarayana Raju and Kamalakara Rao.

R. P. Patnaik
Ravindra Prasad Patnaik is an Indian music composer, singer, actor, screenwriter and film director who works in Telugu, Kannada and Tamil language films. He won three Filmfare Awards and three Nandi Awards. He has toured the world to perform his live shows.

Patnaik had entered the film industry with a desire to become a film director, and began first as a music director with the movie Nee Kosam. Cinematographer-turned-director Teja gave him a break with Chitram, that Patnaik made his directorial debut with the 2008 film Andamaina Manasulo. As of March 2016, he finished his sixth Telugu language film Manalo Okkadu. His brother Gautam Patnaik is a director who made his directorial debut with Keratam (2011).
Saint-Cyr, Vienne
Saint-Cyr (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ siʁ]) is a former commune in the Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Beaumont Saint-Cyr.

Vienne (department)
Vienne (French pronunciation: [vjɛn] ⓘ vyen; Poitevin-Saintongeais: Viéne) is a landlocked department in the French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It takes its name from the river Vienne. It had a population of 438,435 in 2019.
Step test
Step test can refer to:

STEP Eiken: Japan's national English exam, the Eiken Test in Practical English Proficiency,  produced by the Society for Testing English Proficiency (STEP), Inc.

Sixth Term Examination Paper, an examination set by the University of Cambridge to assess potential undergraduate mathematics applicants.

The step test was a cardiac fitness test formerly administered by the U.S. Forest Service as a physical fitness test for wildland firefighters.  It has been replaced by the Work Capacity Test (WCT), also known as the pack test.

Harvard step test, a type of cardiac stress test for detecting and/or diagnosing cardiovascular disease and measure fitness.

STEP Eiken
The Eiken Test in Practical English Proficiency (実用英語技能検定, Jitsuyō Eigo Ginō Kentei), informally Eiken (英検, Eiken) and often called STEP Eiken or the STEP Test, is an English proficiency test conducted by the Eiken Foundation of Japan (formerly the Society for Testing English Proficiency), a public-interest incorporated foundation. The foundation is backed by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT).
Antilochus coquebertii
Antilochus coquebertii (often misspelled as coqueberti) is an Old World species of true bug in the family Pyrrhocoridae, occurring in South and Southeast Asia. It is brightly coloured, red and black, and is a beneficial predator on other pyrrhocorids, especially the genus Dysdercus, which are crop pests. They are often confused with bugs in the family Lygaeidae, but can be distinguished by the lack of ocelli on the head, and they can be easily distinguished from Dysdercus by the lack of white stripes on the body. They are known to be cannibalistic in nature.

Old World
The "Old World" (Latin: Mundus vetus) is a term for Afro-Eurasia coined by Europeans after 1493, when they became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia in the Eastern Hemisphere, previously thought of by the Europeans as the entire world, with the "New World", a term for the newly encountered lands of the Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas.
Coleophora eupreta
Coleophora eupreta is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found in France, Spain, Portugal, Italy and North Macedonia.

The larvae feed on Helianthemum apenninum, Helianthemum canum, Helianthemum guttatum, Helianthemum lavandulifolium, Helianthemum nummularium and Helianthemum sessiliflorum.

Tuberaria guttata
Tuberaria guttata, the spotted rock-rose or annual rock-rose, is an annual plant of the Mediterranean region which also occurs very locally in Wales and Ireland. The flowers are very variable with the characteristic spot at the base of the petal very variable in size and intensity of colour.
Charles Blakeway
Christianity portal

The Ven. Charles Edward Blakeway (1868–1922) was Archdeacon of Stafford from 1911 until his death.

Blakeway was educated at Shrewsbury School and Christ Church, Oxford; and ordained in 1897.

He was an Assistant Master at Malvern College from 1898 until 1900; and Curate of Great Malvern from 1900 until 1902. After this, he held the living  at Dunston from 1902 until 1914; and  was Chaplain to the Bishop of Lichfield from 1913 until his death.

Shrewsbury School
Shrewsbury School is a private school in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England.

It was founded in 1552 by Edward VI by royal charter, to replace the town's Anglo-Saxon collegiate foundations which were disestablished in the sixteenth century. It is one of the seven public schools in the UK subject to the Public Schools Act 1868 and one of the nine schools reviewed by the Clarendon Commission between 1861 and 1864. The school is notable for being the education site of renowned scientist Charles Darwin.

It was originally founded as a boarding school for boys. In 2008, however, girls were accepted in the sixth form. Since 2015 Shrewsbury School has been a co-educational school. As at Michaelmas Term 2023, Shrewsbury School had 842 pupils: 522 boys and 320 girls. The school has seven boys', and five girls' houses. Alumni of the school are known as Old Salopians.

The present school site, to which the school moved in 1882, is on the south bank of the River Severn.
Mirko Petrović
Mirko Petrović is the name of:

Mirko Petrović-Njegoš (1820-1867), Montenegrin military commander, diplomat and poet of the House of Petrović-Njegoš

Mirko Petrović-Njegoš (prince) (1867-1918), Montenegrin prince

Mirko Petrović (politician) (born 1965), Serbian politician and businessman

Mirko Petrović (athlete) (born 1981), Serbian long-distance runner, see 2008 European Cup (athletics)

Prince Mirko of Montenegro
Prince Mirko Dimitri Petrović-Njegoš of Montenegro (Serbian Cyrillic: Мирко Петровић-Његош; 17 April 1879 – 2 March 1918) was born in Cetinje, the second son of King Nicholas I of Montenegro and Milena Vukotić. Prince Mirko predeceased his father and his elder brother Crown Prince Danilo.
Babaghuq
Babaghuq was the title of an elected chieftain who was involved in the governance of a Khazar town, either in place of or in conjunction with a tudun or governor. The name means "father of the city".

Babaghuqs are recorded as being involved in city politics in Cherson and Tamatarkha.

Tmutarakan
Tmutarakan (Russian: Тмутарака́нь, romanized: Tmutarakán', IPA: [tmʊtərɐˈkanʲ]; Old East Slavic: Тъмуторокань, romanized: Tǔmutorokanǐ) was a medieval principality of Kievan Rus' and trading town that controlled the Cimmerian Bosporus, the passage from the Black Sea to the Sea of Azov, between the late 10th and 11th centuries. Its site was the ancient Greek colony of Hermonassa (Ancient Greek: Ἑρμώνασσα) founded in the mid 6th century BCE, by Mytilene (Lesbos), situated on the Taman peninsula, in present-day Krasnodar Krai, Russia, roughly opposite Kerch. The Khazar fortress of Tamantarkhan (from which the Byzantine name for the city, Tamatarcha, is derived) was built on the site in the 7th century, and became known as Tmutarakan when it came under the control of Kievan Rus'.
Bill McLeod Jacobsen
Bill McLeod Jacobsen (born 30 November 1974 in Klaksvík, Faroe Islands) is head coach of the Faroe Islands national under-21 football team along with Heðin Askham. He was first appointed in 2007.

Under his coaching, the Faroe Islands under-21 team finished the 2009-2010 qualification campaign with a total of 11 points, which is the highest any Faroese national team have achieved during qualification stages.

Klaksvík
Klaksvík (Faroese pronunciation: [ˈklaksˌʋʊɪk]) is the second largest town of the Faroe Islands behind Tórshavn. The town is located on Borðoy, which is one of the northernmost islands (the Norðoyar). It is the administrative centre of Klaksvík municipality.