hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tomás Tierney
Tomás Tierney (born 14 September 1961) is an Irish former Gaelic footballer who played at senior level for the Galway and Mayo county teams in the 1980s and 1990s. He played his club football for Milltown.

Tierney helped St Jarlath's College in Tuam win the Hogan Cup in 1978, as well as winning three Sigerson Cups with University College Galway in 1980/81, 1982/83 and 1983/84, captaining the side in 1984. In 1981 he was a member of the Galway team who were beaten in the All-Ireland Under 21 Football Championship final by Cork after a replay. He played on the Galway team who were beaten by Dublin in the 1983 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final. He also played football for Mayo in the early 1990s, becoming one of very few people to win Connacht medals with both Galway and Mayo.

Connacht Senior Football Championship
The Connacht Senior Football Championship, known simply as the Connacht Championship and shortened to Connacht SFC, is an annual Gaelic football competition for the senior county teams of Connacht GAA. All of the county teams of Connacht participate in the championship, as well as London and New York. The winning team receives the Nestor Cup.

The Connacht SFC is run on a knock-out basis through which teams are eliminated from the competition. A series of games are played during the summer months and the final is played in June or July. The winner and runner-up progresses directly to the All-Ireland SFC Group Stage. Before 2020, all losing teams progressed to the All-Ireland SFC Qualifiers, while, prior to 2001, the All-Ireland SFC was a straight knock-out format, which meant all losing teams were eliminated after a single defeat.

Galway are the four-time title holder, having defeated Mayo by 1-17 to 1–15 in the 2025 final
Paul Schulze (zoologist)
Paul Schulze was "the most important German tick taxonomist of the early 20th century."  Between 1929 and 1937, he described 19 genera, 17 subgenera, 150 species and 150 subspecies of ixodid ticks.  He was essentially an amateur taxonomist, working alone for most of his career, not consulting the major tick collections or collaborating with other tick taxonomists.

Ixodidae
The Ixodidae are the family of hard ticks or scale ticks, one of the three families of ticks, consisting of 750 species, as of 2025. They are known as 'hard ticks' because they have a scutum or hard shield, which the other major family of ticks, the 'soft ticks' (Argasidae), lack. They are ectoparasites of a wide range of host species, and some are vectors of pathogens that can cause human disease.
Birkeland, Agder
Birkeland is the administrative centre of the municipality of Birkenes in Agder county, Norway. The village is located on the eastern shore of the river Tovdalselva, across the river from the village of Flakk.  The Norwegian National Road 41 runs through the village.  The village is located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northeast of the city of Kristiansand and about 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) northwest of the town of Lillesand.

The 2.07-square-kilometre (510-acre) village has a population (2019) of 2,962 and a population density of 1,431 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,710/sq mi).

The old Lillesand–Flaksvand Line was a railway line that passed through Birkeland, but it was closed in 1953. The newspaper Birkenesavisa is published in Birkeland.  The Southern Norway Folk high school is located in Birkeland and the Birkenes Church is located just south of Birkeland in the small village of Mollestad.

Tovdalselva
Tovdalselva (also known as the Tofdalselva, Tovdalsåna, Tovdalsåni, literally: the Tov valley river) is 143 kilometres (89 mi) long and is one of the longest rivers in Southern Norway. The river flows through Agder county from the mountains on the northeast side of the Setesdal valley in Valle municipality southwards, until it reaches the sea at the Tofdalsfjorden between Hamresanden and Kjevik in Kristiansand.  The upper reaches of the river include many lakes such as the Herefossfjorden and the Straumsfjorden (the largest lake on the river). It drains about 1,800 square kilometres (690 sq mi) in territory and the highest point in the watershed is 1,101 metres (3,612 ft) above sea level. The drainage basin includes parts or all of the following municipalities: Fyresdal, Valle, Bygland, Evje og Hornnes, Åmli, Froland, Grimstad, Birkenes, Iveland, Lillesand, and Kristiansand.
Second Battle of Charleston Harbor order of battle: Union
The following Union Army units and commanders fought in the Siege of Charleston Harbor of the American Civil War. The Confederate order of battle is listed separately.

The following lists contain the commanders and units involved in the operations against Charleston Harbor from July to September 1863 which included the major engagements of First Fort Wagner, Grimball's Landing, Second Fort Wagner and the Siege of Charleston Harbor.

John Wesley Turner
John Wesley Turner (July 19, 1833 – April 8, 1899) was a career U.S. Army officer who rose through the ranks as an artillery commander and staff officer during the American Civil War, becoming a Union Army general.  Turner took a prominent part in the Appomattox campaign and early in Congressional Reconstruction was responsible for forces occupying the Department of Virginia. After his retirement from the Army as head of the depot and commissary in St. Louis, Missouri, Turner remained in the city and became a leading citizen and public works commissioner.
Joe Brady (hurler)
Joe Brady (born 12 July 1982 in Coolderry, County Offaly) is an Irish Hurler.  He currently plays with his local club Coolderry GAA. He is on the Offaly Hurling Squad and captained the Coolderry 2004 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship winning team, he won 2 other titles in 2010 and 2011 and also won a Leinster title in 2011.

County Offaly
County Offaly (/ˈɒfəli/; Irish: Contae Uíbh Fhailí) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Eastern and Midland Region and the province of Leinster. It is named after the ancient Kingdom of Uí Failghe. It was formerly known as King's County, in honour of Philip II of Spain. Offaly County Council is the local authority for the county. The county population was 82,668 at the 2022 census.
MV Anonity
Anonity was an 890 GRT coastal tanker which was built in 1945 for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) as Empire Campden. She was sold in 1947 and renamed Anonity. In 1966, she was sold and renamed Petrola II. A further sale in 1969 saw her renamed Kalymnos. She ran aground in April 1970 and was scrapped the following month.

Coastal trading vessel
Coastal trading vessels, also known as coasters or skoots, are shallow-hulled merchant ships used for transporting cargo along a coastline. Their shallow hulls mean that they can get through reefs where deeper-hulled seagoing ships usually cannot (26-28 feet), but as a result they are not optimized for the large waves found on the open ocean. Coasters can load and unload cargo in shallow ports.

For European inland waterways they are limited in size by the navigable dimensions of those waterways. E.g. ships on the French waterways are limited to the Freycinet gauge of 38.5m length, 5.05m breadth, and 2.5m  draft.
Scott Barger
Scott Barger is an American politician, business man, and a former radio host and pastor. A Republican, he is the representative for the 80th district in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. Barger defeated incumbent representative Jim Gregory in the 2024 Republican primary election with 54% of the vote, and faced no Democratic opposition in the general election.

Barger was born and raised in Altoona, Pennsylvania, and resides in Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania with his wife and children. He is a graduate of Blair County Christian School and earned degrees from Grace College.

Altoona, Pennsylvania
Altoona (/ælˈtuːnə/ al-TOO-nə) is a city in Blair County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 43,963 at the time of the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Altoona metropolitan area, which includes all of Blair County and was recorded as having a population of 122,823.

Altoona was established in 1849 by the Pennsylvania Railroad. Having grown around the railroad industry, the city has worked to recover from industrial decline and urban decentralization experienced in recent decades. The city is home to the Altoona Curve baseball team of the Eastern League, which is the AA affiliate of the Pittsburgh Pirates Major League Baseball team. They play at Peoples Natural Gas Field in Altoona. The Altoona Symphony Orchestra has called Altoona home since 1928. Prominent landmarks include the Horseshoe Curve, the Railroaders Memorial Museum, the Juniata Shops of the Altoona Works, the Mishler Theatre, the Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament, and the Jaffa Shrine Center.
Areado Grande
Areado Grande is the name given to a group of limestone caves located inside the Alto Ribeira Tourist State Park, in the municipality of Iporanga in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. It consists of Areado Grande I (SP-077), Areado Grande II (SP-078) being 3400 meters  long, Areado Grande III (SP-510) with 6004 linear meters, Areado Grande IV (SP-524), Areado Grande V (SP-525). Other caves in the region of the Areado Grande creek are Toca da Pedra Inclinada, Gruta do Toboga, Gruta do Jeep (SP-086), Gruta da Fenda (SP-087), Gruta do Baixao (SP-088), and Gruta da Cabana (SP-108).

Alto Ribeira Tourist State Park
The Alto Ribeira Tourist State Park (Portuguese: Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira) is a state park in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. It protects a mountainous area of Atlantic Forest and is known for its many caves.
Derýaýollary
Open joint-stock company Deryayollary (Turkmen: «Derýaýollary» açyk görnüşli paýdarlar jemgyýeti; means Riverways) is a state-owned operator of waterways and river-ports in Turkmenistan. The company operates  1,013 km (629 mi) of river-ways on Amu Darya and Karakum Canal (63rd in the world). The company belongs to the Turkmendenizderyayollary Agency. Operator based in Turkmenabat.

Karakum Canal
The Karakum Canal (Qaraqum Canal, Kara Kum Canal, Garagum Canal; Russian: Каракумский канал, Karakumskiy Kanal, Turkmen: Garagum kanaly, قاراقۇم کانالیٛ, Гарагум каналы) in Turkmenistan is one of the largest irrigation and water supply canals in the world. Started in 1954, and completed in 1958, it is navigable over much of its 1,375-kilometre (854 mi) length, and carries 13 cubic kilometres (3.1 mi3) of water annually from the Amu-Darya River across the Karakum Desert in Turkmenistan. The canal opened up huge new tracts of land to agriculture, especially to cotton monoculture heavily promoted by the Soviet Union, and supplying Ashgabat with a major source of water. The canal is also a major factor leading to the Aral Sea environmental disaster. The Soviet union planned to at some time extend the canal to the Caspian Sea.
South Dakota Central Railway
The South Dakota Central Railway was a railroad that ran between the cities of Sioux Falls and Watertown. The railroad was organized and operated by local businessmen. Sioux Falls lawyer Joe Kirby served as the railroad's vice president and attorney.

Sioux Falls, South Dakota
Sioux Falls (/suː ˈfɔːlz/ soo FAWLZ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is the county seat of Minnehaha County and also extends into northern Lincoln County. The population was 192,517 at the 2020 census (estimated at 209,289 in 2024). The Sioux Falls metropolitan area, with an estimated 308,000 residents, accounts for more than one-third of South Dakota's population. Chartered in 1856 on the banks of the Big Sioux River, the city is situated in rolling hills at the junction of Interstates 29 and 90.
Yo-kai Watch Jam: Yo-kai Academy Y
Yo-kai Watch Jam - Yo-kai Academy Y: Yeah-Yeah School Life, also known as Y School Heroes: Bustlin' School Life, is a 2020 role-playing game developed and published by Level-5 for the Nintendo Switch and PlayStation 4. A spin-off installment in the Yo-kai Watch series, Yo-kai Watch Jam: Yo-kai Academy Y focuses on Jinpei Jiba, a student at the fictitious Y Academy, who investigates mysteries occurring in the academy and surrounding areas. He is also joined by his friends, who are among the playable characters.

Yo-kai Watch Jam: Yo-kai Academy Y was received positively by critics, who praised the game's combat system, environment, and school life mode, due to its routine feeling and open world-like style.

Level-5 (company)
Level-5 Inc. is a Japanese video game developer and publisher based in Fukuoka. The company was founded in October 1998 by Akihiro Hino after he departed from Riverhillsoft. Level-5 is known for their Professor Layton, Inazuma Eleven, Ni no Kuni, Yo-kai Watch, Snack World, and Megaton Musashi franchises.
Koutný
Koutný (feminine Koutná) is a Czech surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bedřich Koutný (born 1931), Czech boxer

Ilona Koutny (born 1953), Hungarian linguist

Jan Koutný (1897–1976), Czech gymnast

Lajos Koutny (1939–2022), Hungarian ice hockey player

Václav Koutný (born 1991), Czech footballer

Lajos Koutny
Lajos Koutny (17 October 1939 – 21 December 2022) was a Hungarian ice hockey player. He played for the Hungary men's national ice hockey team at the 1964 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck.

Koutny died on 21 December 2022, at the age of 83.
GABA
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid, γ-aminobutyric acid) is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the developmentally mature mammalian central nervous system. Its principal role is reducing neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system.

GABA is sold as a dietary supplement in many countries. It has been traditionally thought that exogenous GABA (i.e., taken as a supplement) does not cross the blood–brain barrier, but data obtained from more recent research (2010s) in rats describes the notion as being unclear.

The carboxylate form of GABA is γ-aminobutyrate.

Carboxylate
In organic chemistry, a carboxylate is the conjugate base of a carboxylic acid, RCOO− (or RCO−2). It is an  anion, an ion with negative charge.

Carboxylate salts are salts that have the general formula M(RCOO)n, where M is a metal and n is 1, 2,.... Carboxylate esters have the general formula RCOOR′ (also written as RCO2R′), where R and R′ are organic groups.
Jazzvisions
Jazzvisions: Made in America was a series of jazz concerts held in December 1986 at the Wiltern Theater in Los Angeles.

The concerts were later released on CD, cassette, LP, VHS and Laserdisc by Verve Video and PolyGram. The home video editions were produced by Lorimar Home Video subsidiary of Lorimar-Telepictures in collaboration with music producer Jack Lewis.

Randy Brecker
Randal Edward Brecker (born November 27, 1945) is an American trumpeter, flugelhornist, and composer.  His versatility has made him a popular studio musician who has recorded with acts in jazz, rock, and R&B.
Antonio Lining
Antonio Lining (born May 9, 1963, in Mindoro, Philippines) is a Filipino pool player, nicknamed "Nikoy".  He is one of the few left-handed Asian players. Lining reached the semifinals of the WPA World Ten-Ball Championship in 2009 and the WPA World Nine-Ball Championship in 2010.

Lining's most notable appearance was in the Motolite International Nine-ball Tournament in 2000, where he finished second to Francisco Bustamante, having beaten Efren Reyes in the quarter-finals. Also in 2000, Lining won the All Japan Championship Nine-ball, beating Chao Fong-pang in the final.

At the 2002 Busan Asian Games, Lining and Bustamante won the gold medal at the nine-ball doubles event.

Between 1992 and 2017, Lining has played in one or more of the All Japan Championship (Nine Ball), U.S. Open Championship (Nine Ball) and the World Pool Championship (Nine Ball).

Mindoro
Mindoro is the seventh largest and eighth-most populous island in the Philippines. With a total land area of 10,571 km2 ( 4,082 sq.mi ), it has a population of 1,430,921, as of the 2024 census. It is located off the southwestern coast of Luzon and northeast of Palawan. Mindoro is divided into two provinces: Occidental Mindoro and Oriental Mindoro. Calapan is the only city on the island and largest settlement on the island with a total population of 148,558 inhabitants as of 2024. The  southern coast of  Kristine Mindoro forms the northeastern extremum of the Sulu Sea. Mount Halcon is the highest point on the island, standing at 8,484 feet (2,586 m) above sea level located in Oriental Mindoro. Mount Baco is the island's second highest mountain with an elevation of 8,163 feet (2,488 m), located in the province of Occidental Mindoro.
František Rajtoral
František Rajtoral (12 March 1986 – ca. 23 April 2017) was a Czech professional footballer who played as a right winger or right-back. He was best known for his stint at Viktoria Plzeň. He was a member of the Czech Republic national team.

He won the Czech Cup with Viktoria Plzeň in 2010. Further trophies he won with the club include the Gambrinus Liga twice and the Czech Supercup.

On 29 February 2012, Rajtoral earned his first cap for the senior team of his country in the 1–1 draw with Ireland in a friendly match.

Rajtoral was described as "one of the best attacking right-wingers in the Czech Republic" by journalist Mark Smith.

Czech Republic national football team
The Czech Republic men's national football team (Czech: Česká mužská fotbalová reprezentace), recognised by FIFA as Czechia, represents the Czech Republic in men's international football. The team is controlled by the Football Association of the Czech Republic (FAČR). Historically, the team participated in FIFA and UEFA competitions as Bohemia and Czechoslovakia.

Following the dissolution of Czechoslovakia, the first international competition of the Czech Republic was UEFA Euro 1996, where they finished runners-up. They have taken part at every European Championship since. Following the separation, they have featured at one FIFA World Cup, the 2006 tournament.
Petz recovery map
In quantum information theory, a mix of quantum mechanics and information theory, the Petz recovery map can be thought of a quantum analog of Bayes' theorem. Proposed by Dénes Petz, the Petz recovery map is a quantum channel associated with a given quantum channel and quantum state. (A quantum channel is a completely positive trace-preserving (CPTP) map.) This recovery map is designed in a manner that, when applied to an output state resulting from the given quantum channel acting on an input state, it enables the inference of the original input state. In essence, the Petz recovery map serves as a tool for reconstructing information about the initial quantum state from its transformed counterpart under the influence of the specified quantum channel.

The Petz recovery map finds applications in various domains, including quantum retrodiction, quantum error correction, and entanglement wedge reconstruction for black hole physics.

Quantum error correction
Quantum error correction (QEC) comprises a set of techniques used in quantum memory and quantum computing to protect quantum information from errors arising from decoherence and other sources of quantum noise. QEC schemes that employ codewords stabilized by a set of commuting operators are known as stabilizer codes, and the corresponding codewords are referred to as quantum error-correcting codes (QECCs).

Conceptually, to use a quantum error-correcting code, one can append ancilla qubits to qubits that need protection, and apply a unitary encoding circuit to rotate the global state into a subspace of a larger Hilbert space. This highly entangled, encoded state corrects for local noisy errors. A quantum error-correcting code makes quantum computation and quantum communication practical by providing a way for a sender and receiver to simulate a noiseless qubit channel given a noisy qubit channel whose noise conforms to a particular error model.
Eudes de Montreuil
Eudes de Montreuil was a 13th-century French master builder, sculptor and combat engineer. He may have died in 1289.

Under the reign of Louis IX of France, Montreuil erected many buildings in Paris, mainly churches, the chapel of the Hôtel-Dieu, the église des Chartreux, the église des Blancs-Manteaux, the église des Cordeliers de Paris, the Couvent des Mathurins de Paris, the église de Sainte-Catherine, the Hospice of the Quinze-Vingts. He is attributed the main portal of the church of Mantes-la-Ville (Yvelines).

He carved his own tomb: a bas-relief representing him holding a try square and surrounded by his two wives. This tomb disappeared in the fire of the church of the Cordeliers of Paris on 15 November 1580.

De Montreuil may have been the father of architect Pierre de Montreuil.

Try square
A try square or try-square is a woodworking tool used for marking and checking 90° angles on pieces of wood. Though woodworkers use many different types of square, the try square is considered one of the essential tools for woodworking.

The square in the name refers to the 90° angle. To try a piece of wood is to check if the edges and faces are straight, flat, and square to one another. A try square is so called because it is used to try how square the workpiece is.
Simon Bezuidenhout
Simon Jurgens Bezuidenhout (11 July 1946 – 1 September 2023) was a South African cricketer who played first-class cricket for Eastern Province in South Africa from 1968 to 1982.

Bezuidenhout was a batsman who spent most of his career as an opener.  His highest first-class score was 141, batting at number six in the 1970–71 Currie Cup against Transvaal. His highest List A cricket score was 114 not out against the South Africa African XI in 1976–77.

CSA 4-Day Domestic Series
The CSA 4-Day Domestic Series is the domestic first class cricket competition of South Africa. The tournament is contested by teams from all nine provinces of South Africa.

First contested as the Currie Cup from 1889–90, the tournament has undergone many changes and modifications in its history. In 2004, the traditional province-based format was replaced, with many teams amalgamating. In its place, six entirely professional franchises were created that represented much larger population areas.

The competition underwent significant restructuring once again before the start of the 2021–22 season. The six-team franchise system was disbanded, and the tournament returned to its more traditional format. Fifteen province-based teams now compete across two divisions, determined by promotion and relegation.
George Coetzee
George William Coetzee (born 18 July 1986) is a South African professional golfer. He has won five tournaments on the European Tour and 14 on the Sunshine Tour, where he has also topped the Order of Merit on two occasions.

Tshwane Open
The Tshwane Open was a golf tournament played since 2013 in Gauteng Province, South Africa. It was played at Copperleaf Golf & Country Estate in Centurion, South Africa in 2013 and 2014 and moved to Pretoria Country Club in Waterkloof in 2015. It was a co-sanctioned event by the Sunshine Tour and the European Tour. On 30 October 2018, the European Tour released their 2019 schedule, and it was noted that the Tshwane Open was no longer a co-sanctioned event by the European Tour, with no confirmation of the event's status by the Sunshine Tour.