hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
MasterChef (American TV series) season 11
The eleventh season of the American competitive reality television series MasterChef (also known as MasterChef: Legends) premiered on Fox on June 2, 2021, and concluded on September 15, 2021. Gordon Ramsay, Aarón Sánchez, and Joe Bastianich all returned as judges. The season was won by physical therapist Kelsey Murphy, with bartender Autumn Moretti and food blogger Suu Khin finishing as co-runners-up.

MasterChef (American TV series)
MasterChef is an American competitive cooking reality television series that premiered on Fox on July 27, 2010. Based on the British series of the same name and produced by Endemol Shine North America and One Potato Two Potato, the series features amateur and home chefs competing to win the title of MasterChef. As of the show's fifteenth season, the line-up of judges consists of Gordon Ramsay, Joe Bastianich, and Tiffany Derry.

The fifteenth season, subtitled Dynamic Duos, aired May–September 2025. In October 2025, the series was renewed for a sixteenth and seventeenth season, with judges Ramsay, Bastianich, and Derry all returning. The sixteenth season, subtitled Global Gauntlet, is set to premiere in April 2026.
Colosseum (board game)
Colosseum is a board game by Markus Lübke and Wolfgang Kramer, published in 2007 by Days of Wonder and illustrated by Julien Delval and Cyrille Daujean. In the game, players attempt to attract the most spectators to the events in their arena.

BoardGameGeek
BoardGameGeek (BGG) is an online forum for board gaming hobbyists and a user-generated game database that holds reviews, images and videos for over 150,000 different tabletop games. The site allows users to rate games on a 1–10 scale and shows these as a ranked list of board games. It is considered the most-used website by board game enthusiasts since the 2000s, and recent academic literature about board games relies on the website. The New York Times in 2019 called it "the hub of board gaming on the internet."
Louise Lateau
Louise Lateau (born 29 January 1850 at Bois-d'Haine, in Belgium, died on 25 August 1883 at Bois-d'Haine) was a mystic and stigmatist.

The case of Louise Lateau is one of the best documented of those who received the stigmata. She was famous in the 1860s because of her mystical trances and between 1868 and 1883 she was observed by many physicians, members of the clergy and visitors.

David Blackbourn
David Gordon Blackbourn (born 1949 in Spilsby, Lincolnshire, England) is Cornelius Vanderbilt distinguished chair of history at Vanderbilt University, where he teaches modern German and European history. Prior to arriving at Vanderbilt, Blackbourn was Coolidge Professor of history at Harvard University.
Nokia 6300
The Nokia 6300 is a mobile telephone handset produced by Nokia. It was announced on 28 November 2006 and released in January 2007. This model was assembled in several factories, including Jucu plant, near Cluj, in Romania. The Nokia 6300 is a mid-range phone combining a classic candybar design with a durable stainless steel and slim (11.7 mm thick) body. It runs on Series 40.

The 6300 was considered the successor of many models, including 6230i and 6310i. The 6300 electronics are based on the Nokia 3110 classic and related to various other Nokia phones including the Nokia 5310, and Nokia 3500 classic.

The 6300 was a hit and became one of the top-selling Nokia models on the market during its time, and one of the most notable phones created by Nokia. Slightly improved models Nokia 6301 and Nokia 6300i were launched later in 2007 and 2008 respectively. In 2020, a new handset inspired by the 6300 was launched as the Nokia 6300 4G, as part of the Nokia Originals line.

Nokia 3500 classic
The Nokia 3500 classic is a mobile phone, manufactured by Nokia and was released for sale in 2007. It is an upgrade to the Nokia 3110 classic released earlier in 2007, featuring improvements such as a 2-megapixel camera and redesigned frame with more color options.
The Sunshine Makers (1935 film)
The Sunshine Makers is a 1935 animated short film directed by Burt Gillett and Ted Eshbaugh, reissued and sponsored by the food and beverage producer Borden in 1940. It was originally released as a part of the Rainbow Parade series, produced by Van Beuren Studios.

Rainbow Parade
Rainbow Parade is a series of 26 animated shorts produced by Van Beuren Studios and distributed to theaters by RKO between 1934 and 1936. This was the only color cartoon series produced by Van Beuren, and the final series of the studio.
1990 Big East Conference baseball tournament
The 1990 Big East Conference baseball tournament was held at Muzzy Field in Bristol, Connecticut. This was the sixth annual Big East Conference baseball tournament. The fourth seeded Connecticut Huskies won their first tournament championship and claimed the Big East Conference's automatic bid to the 1990 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.

Big East Conference baseball tournament
The Big East Conference baseball tournament is the conference championship tournament in baseball for the Big East Conference. It is a double-elimination tournament and seeding is based on regular-season records. The winner receives the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Division I baseball tournament.  The Big East Tournament champion is separate from the conference champion.  The conference championship is determined solely by regular-season record.

From 1985 to 2013, the tournament was sponsored by the old Big East Conference. Starting with the 2014 tournament, it has been sponsored by the newly formed, non-football Big East Conference.
64th Fighter Wing
The 64th Fighter Wing was a World War II tactical air control wing of the Twelfth Air Force, operating in the Mediterranean and European theaters. From its initial deployment in North Africa through campaigns in Sicily, Italy, France, and ultimately Germany, the wing advanced and refined close air support (CAS) of forward ground-based radar control in coordination with Allied aircraft.

As the oldest of the tactical air control wings it played a key role in developing techniques for integrating fighter-bombers with army divisions in a fully coordinated combat strategy. This collaboration between air and ground forces proved critical in the advance to Rome, the invasion of Southern France, and the Ardennes Campaign, where precise fighter-bomber support was a key factor to the Allies success.

Lucian Truscott
General Lucian King Truscott Jr. (9 January 1895 – 12 September 1965) was a highly decorated senior United States Army officer, who saw distinguished active service during World War II. Between 1943–1945, he successively commanded the 3rd Infantry Division, VI Corps, Fifteenth Army and Fifth Army, serving mainly in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations (MTO) during his wartime service. He and Alexander Patch were the only U.S. Army officers to command a division, a corps, and a field army in combat during the war.
Ghaznavid–Hindu Shahi Wars
Ghaznavid–Hindu Shahi wars were a series of conflicts fought between the of Ghaznavid Empire and Hindu Shahis. Led primarily by Mahmud of Ghazni (r. 998–1030) the Ghaznavids aimed to expand their empire through conquest and plunder, targeting the wealth of the Indian subcontinent.

The wars culminated in the decisive defeat of the Hindu Shahis by 1026 CE, resulting in the loss of their territories, to the Ghaznavids. These conflicts marked the end of Hindu Shahi rule and facilitated the expansion of Islamic influence into northern India, setting the stage for further Muslim conquests in the region.

Laghman Province
Laghmān (Pashto, Dari: لغمان), historically known as Lamghan, or Lamghanat, is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the eastern part of the country. It has a population of about 502,148, which is multi-ethnic and mostly a rural society. Laghman hosts a large number of historical landmarks, minarets, monuments, and other cultural relics that are manifestation of its old history and culture. The city of Mihtarlam serves as the capital of the province.

In 2021, the Taliban gained control of the province during the 2021 Taliban offensive.
Platanias F.C.
Platanias Football Club (Greek: Π.Α.Ε. Πλατανιάς Χανίων) is a Greek professional football club based in Platanias, Chania, Greece. The club hosted its home games at the Maleme ground and at the Perivolia Municipal Stadium (during the Super League period). Platanias was the first, and to this day only club to have represented Chania in the Super League, playing for six seasons between 2012 and 2018. Their colors are red and white.

2012–13 Greek Football Cup
The 2012–13 Greek Football Cup was the 71st season of the Greek Football Cup. A total of 62 clubs, five more than the previous edition, were accepted to enter. The competition commenced on 24 October 2012 with the First Round and concluded on 11 May 2013 with the Final, held at Olympic Stadium. The final was contested by Asteras Tripolis and Olympiacos, with Olympiacos winning by 3–1 after extra time.
Turgut Atakol
Turgut Atakol (10 October 1915 – 10 April 1988) was a Turkish basketball player, referee and sports official. In 1988, he was a recipient of the Silver Olympic Order.

He played for the Galatasaray team in Istanbul. Upon retiring, he became a referee, calling many international games, including the Hungary-Czechoslovakia final of the 1955 European Championship.

He was the co-founder and president of the Turkish Basketball Federation (1958–1964), director of the organizing committee of the 1971 Mediterranean Games, secretary general of the Turkish Olympic Committee (1973–1982) and later its president (1982–1988), and member of the International Olympic Committee (1984–1988).

Turgut Atakol also wrote a book "Techniques of Basketball Refereeing", which was adopted as a guidebook by FIBA. He was enshrined in the FIBA Hall of Fame as a contributor in 2007.

Olympic Order
The Olympic Order, established in 1975, is the highest award of the Olympic Movement. It is awarded for particularly distinguished contributions to the Olympic Movement, i.e. recognition of efforts worthy of merit in the cause of sport. Traditionally, the IOC bestows the Olympic Order upon the chief national organiser(s) at the closing ceremony of each respective Olympic Games.
Al-Shahaniya (city)
Al-Shahaniya City (Arabic: مدينة الشحانية, romanized: Madīnat Ash Shīḩānīyah) is a city in Qatar, located in the similarly named  municipality of Al-Shahaniya.

Qatar's most notable camel racetrack, Al-Shahaniya Camel Racetrack, is located in the city.

Al Nasraniya
Al Nasraniya (Arabic: النصرانية, romanized: An Naşrānīyah) is a village in Qatar, located in the municipality of Al-Shahaniya. It was demarcated in 1988. It used to be part of the Al Jemailiya municipality before the municipality was incorporated into Al Rayyan. In 2014, the settlement was incorporated into the newly created Al-Shahaniya Municipality.
Kosmos 1586
Kosmos 1586 (Russian: Космос 1586 meaning Cosmos 1586) is a Soviet US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1984 as part of the Soviet military's Oko programme. The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 1586 was launched from Site 16/2 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Russian SSR. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 08:38 UTC on 2 August 1984. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1984-079A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 15147.

Kosmos (satellite)
Kosmos (Russian: Космос, IPA: [ˈkosməs], meaning '(outer) space') is a designation given to many satellites operated by the Soviet Union and subsequently Russia. Kosmos 1, the first spacecraft to be given a Kosmos designation, was launched on 16 March 1962.
Gujarati Thali
Gujarati Thali (Gujarati: ગુજરાતી થાળી, romanized: Gujarātī Thāḷī) is an assortment of dishes arranged as a platter for lunch or dinner in restaurants and homes, mostly in Gujarat and places with Gujarati diaspora. “Thali” literally means “plate”.

The Gujarati Thali consists of various dishes like ringana methi nu shak, Gujarati khatti mithi daal, undhiyu, bhindi sambhariya], aloo rasila, steamed basmati rice, badshahi khichdi, Chapati, methi na thepla and bhakhri with kachumber salad along with various types of chutney.

Gujarati thali prepared in Gujarati households has at least three fresh vegetable dishes, one dry dal or some sprouted pulses dish (ugaadayla mung, for instance), a wet dal, kadhi, kathor (a savoury), mithai, poori, rotis, steamed rice, chaash and papad.

Kathiawadi Thali is a variation of Gujarati Thali.

Bhakri
Bhakri (bhākri, bhākkari, bhākari, bhākhri, bhākhari) is a round flatbread often eaten in the cuisines of the states of Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Karnataka in India. Bhakri is prepared using jowar or bajra, which make a coarser bread than does regular wheat chapati flour.
Bhakri can be either soft or hard in texture, unlike khakhra, which is always hard.
Outline of Haryana
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Haryana.

Haryana – one of the 28 states of the democratic Republic of India. Located in northern region of the Indian subcontinent, it is India's 21st largest state by area, and 18th most populous state. Haryana surrounds the National Capital Territory of Delhi on three sides, forming the latter's northern, western and southern borders. The economic, social and cultural facets of Haryana include high economic development, high GDP per capita, high life expectancy, low female-to-male sex ratio, and rich sporting tradition.

Deer Park, Hisar
The Deer Park, Hisar, on Hisar-Dhansu in Hisar city of Haryana state in India has an area of 19 hectares (48 acres) including a 6-acre plot for producing fodder for the deer. Park as 4 species, blackbuck, chital spotted deer and 6 sambar. It also doubles up as the wildlife rescue clinic for the treatment injured wild animals and birds brought here by the people, which are released back in to the wild after the recovery.

Shatavar Vatika Herbal Park is 1 km northeast of the Deer Park.
Siem Reap–Angkor International Airport
Siem Reap–Angkor International Airport (IATA: SAI, ICAO: VDSA) is an international airport in Soutr Nikom District, Siem Reap province serving the city of Siem Reap, Cambodia. It is 18 km (11 mi) northeast of Damdek, 40 km (25 mi) east of Angkor Wat and 50 km (31 mi) east of Siem Reap. It is the second largest airport in Cambodia after the Phnom Penh Techo International Airport. SAI covers an area of 700 hectares (1,730 acres) of land and has a 3,600 m runway. The airport can handle 65,800 flights and 7 million passengers annually, projected to increase to 112,700 flights and 12 million passengers annually from 2040.

Techo International Airport
Techo International Airport (IATA: KTI, ICAO: VDTI) is an international airport in Kandal Stueng District, Kandal Province of Cambodia. Located 19 kilometres (12 mi) south of Phnom Penh, the first phase was operational on 9 September 2025, and replaced the existing Phnom Penh International Airport as the city's main aviation hub. It spans over 2,600 hectares (6,400 acres) in Kandal Province, making it Cambodia's largest airport, and is designated as a 4F class airport. An official inauguration ceremony was held on 20 October 2025, with Prime Minister Hun Manet presiding over the grand opening ceremony. The airport acts as the hub for Air Cambodia, Cambodia Airways and Sky Angkor Airlines.
1991 Rome NATO summit
The 1991 Rome summit was the 12th NATO summit bringing the leaders of member nations together at the same time.  The formal sessions and informal meetings in Rome, Italy took place on 7–8 November 1991.

NATO summit
A NATO summit  is a summit meeting that is regarded as a periodic opportunity for heads of state and heads of government of NATO member countries to evaluate and provide strategic direction for Alliance activities.

NATO summits are not regular meetings like the more frequent NATO ministerial meetings, but rather are important junctures in the alliance's decision-making process on the highest level. Summits are often used to introduce new policy, invite new members into the alliance, launch major new initiatives, and build partnerships with non-NATO countries.
Widom scaling
Widom scaling (after Benjamin Widom) is a hypothesis in statistical mechanics regarding the free energy of a magnetic system near its critical point which leads to the critical exponents becoming no longer independent so that they can be parameterized in terms of two values. The hypothesis can be seen to arise as a natural consequence of the block-spin renormalization procedure, when the block size is chosen to be of the same size as the correlation length.

Widom scaling is an example of universality.

Critical point (thermodynamics)
Subcritical ethane, liquid and gas phase coexist.

Critical point (32.17 °C, 48.72 bar), displaying critical opalescence.

Supercritical ethane, fluid.

In thermodynamics, a critical point (or critical state) is the end point of a phase equilibrium curve. One example is the liquid–vapor critical point, the end point of the pressure–temperature curve that designates conditions under which a liquid and its vapor can coexist. At higher temperatures, the gas comes into a supercritical phase, and so cannot be liquefied by pressure alone. At the critical point, defined by a critical temperature Tc and a critical pressure pc, phase boundaries vanish. Other examples include the liquid–liquid critical points in mixtures, and the ferromagnet–paramagnet transition (Curie temperature) in the absence of an external magnetic field.
Fanta
Fanta (/ˈfæntə/) is an American-owned brand of fruit-flavored carbonated soft drinks created by Coca-Cola Deutschland under the leadership of German businessman Max Keith. There are over 200 flavors worldwide.

Fanta originated in Germany as a Coca-Cola alternative in 1940 due to the American trade embargo of Nazi Germany which affected the availability of Coca-Cola ingredients. Fanta soon dominated the German market with three million cases sold in 1943. The current formulation of Fanta, with orange flavor, was developed in Italy in 1955.

Sambucus
Sambucus is a genus of between 20 and 30 species of flowering plants in the family Adoxaceae. The various species are commonly referred to as elder, with the flowers as elderflower, and the fruit as elderberry.
St Ann Without
St Ann Without is a civil parish  in the Lewes District of East Sussex, England.  It covers an area to the west of the town of Lewes, including Long Hill.

Much like its brother parish, St John Without, the parish was formed in 1894 as Lewes St Ann Without from the part of the ancient parish of Lewes St Ann outside (that is, 'without', as opposed to 'within') the borough of Lewes.

Anacamptis pyramidalis
Anacamptis pyramidalis, the pyramidal orchid, is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Anacamptis of the family Orchidaceae. The scientific name Anacamptis derives from Greek ανακάμτειν 'anakamptein' meaning 'bend forward', while the Latin name pyramidalis refers to the pyramidal form of the inflorescence.
Belmont Preparatory High School
Belmont Preparatory High School, or Belmont Prep is a small school located within the Theodore Roosevelt Educational Campus, across the street from Fordham University, in the Belmont section of the Bronx, New York City.

As of the 2014–15 school year, the school had an enrollment of 418 students and 30.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 13.9:1. There were 323 students (77.3% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 33 (7.9% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Belmont, Bronx
Belmont is a primarily residential neighborhood in the Bronx in New York City. Its boundaries are Fordham Road to the north, Bronx Park to the east, East 181st Street to the south, and Third Avenue to the west. These boundaries give the neighborhood a crescent-like shape. The neighborhood is noted for its "close-knit community" and "small-town feel", and as a result of its cultural history and wide array of Italian businesses, is widely known as the "Little Italy of the Bronx". Arthur Avenue, noted for its local restaurants and markets, is its primary thoroughfare.

Belmont is part of Bronx Community Board 6, and its ZIP Codes include 10457, 10458 and 10460. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 48th Precinct.
Sibbeh
Sibbeh (Arabic: سبة, also spelled Sebbeh) is a small town in northwestern Syria, located 17 kilometers (11 mi) northeast of Safita in the Tartus Governorate. It is situated atop two hills and the valley between them, in the Syrian coastal mountain range. Nearby localities Mashta al-Helu and al-Kafrun to the south, Duraykish to the west, Wadi al-Oyun to the northwest and Ayn al-Shams to the northeast.

According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Sibbeh had a population of 3,061 in the 2004 census. It is the administrative center of the Sibbeh subdistrict (nahiyah) which consisted of six localities with a collective population of 7,614. Its inhabitants are Alawites, predominantly from the Khayyatin tribal federation.

Duraykish
Duraykish (Arabic: دريكيش, romanized: Duraykīsh, also transliterated Dreikiche or Dreykish) is a city in western Syria, in the Tartus Governorate, at a distance of about 32 kilometers (20 mi) east of Tartus. The name 'Dreikiche' derives from Latin and means "three caves". The town is famous for its mineral water springs located to the south of the city. The mineral water of the town is bottled and sold under the label 'Dreikiche'. Its inhabitants are mostly Alawites.
Stapleford, Leicestershire
Stapleford is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Freeby, in the Melton district of Leicestershire, England, east of Melton Mowbray. It is just south of the River Eye. In 1931 the parish had a population of 145. On 1 April 1936 the parish was abolished and merged with Freeby.

The village is the site of the large Stapleford Park. The historic Stapleford Miniature Railway runs in the park. It has a church called St Mary Magdalene's Church.

Borough of Melton
Melton is a local government district with borough status in north-eastern Leicestershire, England. It is named after its only town, Melton Mowbray. The borough also includes numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. The north of the district includes part of the Vale of Belvoir. Melton is the least populous district of its type and the fourth least populous district in England overall.

The neighbouring districts are Harborough, Charnwood, Rushcliffe, Newark and Sherwood, South Kesteven and Rutland.
Total curvature
In mathematical study of the differential geometry of curves, the total curvature of an immersed plane curve is the integral of curvature along a curve taken with respect to arc length:

The total curvature of a closed curve is always an integer multiple of 2π, where N is called the index of the curve or turning number – it is the winding number of the unit tangent vector about the origin, or equivalently the degree of the map to the unit circle assigning to each point of the curve, the unit tangent vector at that point (a kind of Gauss map).

Arc length
Arc length is the distance between two points along a curve.
It can be formalized mathematically for smooth curves using vector calculus and differential geometry, or for curves that might not necessarily be smooth as a limit of lengths of polygonal chains. The curves for which this limit exists are called rectifiable curves, and the process of determining their arc length in this way is called curve rectification.