hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sea air
Sea air has traditionally been thought to offer health benefits associated with its unique odor, which is caused by dimethyl sulfide, released by microbes.

Salts generally do not dissolve in air, but can be carried by sea spray in the form of particulate matter.

In the early 19th century, a lower prevalence of disease in coastal regions or islands was attributed to the sea air. Such medical beliefs were translated into the literature of Jane Austen and other authors. Victorians mistakenly attributed the odor of sea air to ozone.

Later that century, such beliefs led to the establishment of seaside resorts for the treatment of tuberculosis, with medical belief in its efficacy continuing into the 20th century. However, the quality of sea air was often degraded by pollution from wood- and coal-burning ships. Today those fuels are gone, replaced by high sulphur oil in diesel engines, which generate sulphate aerosols.

Sea spray
Sea spray consists of aerosol particles formed from the ocean, primarily by ejection into Earth's atmosphere through bursting bubbles at the air-sea interface. Sea spray contains both organic matter and inorganic salts that form sea salt aerosol (SSA). SSA has the ability to form cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and remove anthropogenic aerosol pollutants from the atmosphere. Coarse sea spray has also been found to inhibit the development of lightning in storm clouds.

Sea spray is directly (and indirectly, through SSA) responsible for a significant degree of the heat and moisture fluxes between the atmosphere and the ocean, affecting global climate patterns and tropical storm intensity. Sea spray also influences plant growth and species distribution in coastal ecosystems and increases corrosion of building materials in coastal areas.
Suckow
Suckow (German pronunciation: [ˈzʊkoː]) is a village and a former municipality in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. Since January 2019, it is part of the new municipality Ruhner Berge.

Ludwigslust-Parchim
Ludwigslust-Parchim, commonly abbreviated as LUP, is a rural district in the southwest of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. At 4,750 km2 (1,830 mi2) it is the second largest district in all of Germany by area, only being surpassed by neighboring Mecklenburgische Seenplatte, while also having the lowest population density of the districts in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and the sixth-lowest in Germany overall. Its territory comprises 145 municipalities, 16 thereof towns, most of which are administered by one of the 15 constituent Ämter in the district. The seat of the district administration is Parchim. It is a member of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region.
Epameinondas Kavvadias
Epameinondas Kavvadias (Greek: Επαμεινώνδας Καββαδίας; 1 January 1886 – 10 April 1965) was a Greek admiral who served thrice as Chief of the Navy General Staff and led the Greek fleet in the first years of World War II.

Cross of Valour (Greece)
The Cross of Valour (Greek: Αριστείον Ανδρείας, Aristeion Andreias, lit. "Gallantry/Bravery Award") is the second highest (and until 1974 the highest) military decoration of the Greek state, awarded for acts of bravery or distinguished leadership on the field of battle. It has been instituted three times, first on 13 May 1913 during the Balkan Wars but not issued until 1921 during the Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922, then on 11 November 1940 shortly after the outbreak of the Greco-Italian War and finally in 1974.
Varekilsnäs
Varekilsnäs is a community located on the island of Orust in Bohuslän, on the Swedish west coast. It is the first village you meet when you enter Orust on road 160 from Tjörn.

Varekilsnäs has records from 14th century, but is today more known for its scenic location and beautiful views over the archipelago. Deciduous forests including oak are located south of Varekilsnäs. Local rock formations are known as excellent examples of augen gneiss.

Orust
Orust (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈûːrɵst]) is an island in Bohuslän, western Sweden. In 2014 Statistics Sweden declared it to be the fourth largest island in Sweden, under a definition which adds artificial canals to the possible bodies of water surrounding an island. It has been noted that under this definition, all of Götaland would be the country's largest island, rendering Orust instead the fifth largest. It is Sweden's third largest naturally created island. The largest town on Orust is Henån, the municipal capital, where approximately 1,800 inhabitants live. Other communities, many of which are fishing villages, include Ellös, Edshultshall, Hälleviksstrand, Mollösund, Morlanda, Stocken, Svanesund, Svanvik and Varekil. Orust is home to approximately 15,160 inhabitants in the winter and many more in the summer. Its main industry is the shipyards, the two largest being Najadvarvet and Hallberg-Rassy.
Single-minute exchange of die
Single-minute digit exchange of die (SMED) is one of the many lean production methods for reducing inefficiencies in a manufacturing process. It provides a rapid and efficient way of converting a manufacturing process from running the current product to running the next product. This is key to reducing production lot sizes, and reducing uneven flow (Mura), production loss, and output variability.

The phrase "single minute" does not mean that all changeovers and startups should only take one minute, rather, it should take less than 10 minutes ("single-digit minute"). A closely associated yet more difficult concept is one-touch exchange of die (OTED), which says changeovers can and should take less than 100 seconds. A die is a tool used in manufacturing. However, SMED's utility is not limited to manufacturing (see value stream mapping).

Taiichi Ohno
Ohno Taiichi (大野耐一, Ōno Taiichi; February 29, 1912 – May 28, 1990) was a Japanese industrial engineer and businessman. He is considered to be the father of the Toyota Production System, which inspired Lean Manufacturing in the U.S. He devised the seven wastes (or muda in Japanese) as part of this system. He wrote several books about the system, including Toyota Production System: Beyond Large-Scale Production.
Stafford Hill Memorial
The Stafford Hill Memorial is a stone memorial on Stafford Hill Road in Cheshire, Massachusetts.  The memorial was built in 1927 to commemorate the grave site of Joab (also spelled Jorab) Stafford, who settled in what is now Cheshire in 1767.  The stone structure was designed as a replica of a stone tower in Rhode Island, where Stafford came from.  The memorial was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Cheshire, Massachusetts
Cheshire is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. It is part of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 3,258 at the 2020 census. It contains the census-designated place of the same name.
2015 Summit League men's soccer tournament
The 2015 Summit League men's soccer tournament was the tenth edition of the tournament. It determined Summit League's automatic berth into the 2015 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship.

The Denver Pioneers won the tournament, defeating the Oral Roberts Golden Eagles in the championship match.

2015 NCAA Division I men's soccer tournament
The 2015 NCAA Division I men's soccer tournament (also known as the 2015 College Cup) was the 57th annual single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA Division I men's collegiate soccer. The first, second, third, and quarterfinal rounds were held at college campus sites across the United States during November and December 2015, with host sites determined by seeding and record. The four-team College Cup finals were played at Children's Mercy Park in Kansas City, Kansas from December 11–13, 2015.

The defending national champions, the Virginia Cavaliers, were eliminated in the tournament's second round. Stanford won their first-ever national title by defeating Clemson, 4–0 in the final.
Korky Paul
Hamish Vigne Christie "Korky" Paul (born 1951) is a British illustrator of children's books. He was born and raised in Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe), but now lives in Oxford, England. His work, characteristically executed with bright watercolour paint and pen and ink, is recognisable by an anarchic yet detailed style and for its "wild characterisation". He is most known for his illustration of the series Winnie the Witch.

Children's Book Award (UK)
The Children's Book Award is a British literary award for children's books, run by the Federation of Children's Book Groups and previously known as the Red House Children's Book Award. Books published in the U.K. during the preceding calendar year are eligible. It recognises one "Overall" winner and one book in each of three categories: Books for Younger Children, Books for Younger Readers, and Books for Older Readers. The selections are made entirely by children, which is unique among British literary awards.

The Federation of Children's Book Groups owns and coordinates the Award, which it inaugurated in 1981 as the Children's Book Award. Its purpose has been "to celebrate the books that children themselves love reading." From 2001 to 2015 it was sponsored by the mail order bookshop Red House, a brand owned by bookselling company The Book People.
Khorramshahr (missile)
The Khorramshahr (Persian: خرمشهر), named after the city of Khorramshahr in Iran, is a medium-range ballistic missile that was tested by Iran in January 2017. With a range between 1,000 and 2,000 km, it can carry a 1,800 kg warhead and is 13 m in length.

Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force
The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force, officially known as the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Air and Space Force (IRGCASF; Persian: نیروی هوافضای سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی, romanized: niru-ye havâfazây-e sepâh-e pâsdârân-e enghelâb-e eslâmi, acronymed in Persian as NEHSA), is the strategic missile, air, and space force of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). It was renamed from the IRGC Air Force to the IRGC Aerospace Force in 2009.

The force's commander, Amir Ali Hajizadeh, was killed along with 20 other senior officers during the series of Israeli strikes launched on 13 June 2025. The role was vacant for a day before being filled by Majid Mousavi.
Charles McClendon
Charles Youmans McClendon (October 17, 1923 – December 6, 2001), also known as "Cholly Mac", was an American college football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Louisiana State University (LSU) from 1962 to 1979, compiling a record of 137–59–7. McClendon was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1986.

Citrus Bowl
The Citrus Bowl  is an annual college football bowl game played at Camping World Stadium in Orlando, Florida. The bowl is operated by Florida Citrus Sports, a non-profit group that also organizes the Pop-Tarts Bowl and Florida Classic. For sponsorship reasons, the game is officially known as the Cheez-It Citrus Bowl, named after the Cheez-It brand of cheese crackers produced by Kellanova, a subsidiary of Mars Inc.

Since the mid-1980s, the Citrus Bowl has drawn many high-ranked teams and is typically played at 1 p.m. EST on New Year's Day and broadcast nationally on ABC. When January 1 is a Sunday, the game has been played on January 2 or December 31, to avoid conflicting with the National Football League (NFL) schedule. As of 2019, it had the largest payout of all bowls other than those that were part of the College Football Playoff (CFP), at $8.55 million per team. In nearly every year since 1985, the game has featured two teams ranked in the AP poll.
Urulikunnam
Urulikunnam is a small village near Paika Town in the Meenachil Taluka area of Kottayam District, Kerala, India. It consists of many religious communities.
 Most of the people are farmers.  There is a parish church and temples.  Njandupara and Chengalam are the nearest places.

Paika
Paika is a small town 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) from Palai on the Pala-Ponkunnam road of Muvattupuzha - Punalur SH:08, in Kottayam district, Kerala, India. It is part of Meenachil Taluka, known as one of the most fertile agricultural regions of Travancore. This region is part of the mid-lands (adjacent to the high ranges) of south-eastern Kerala. The main income is from agriculture, mostly rubber plantations.
2,2′,2″-Nitrilotriacetonitrile
Nitrilotriacetonitrile (NTAN) is a precursor for nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA, a biodegradable complexing agent and building block for detergents), for tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (a tripodal tetradentate chelating agent known under the abbreviation tren) and for the epoxy resin crosslinker aminoethylpiperazine.

Nitrilotriacetic acid
Nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) is the aminopolycarboxylic acid with the formula N(CH2CO2H)3. It is a colourless solid. Its conjugate base nitrilotriacetate is used as a chelating agent for Ca2+, Co2+, Cu2+, and Fe3+.
Commandant of Stockholm
The Commandant of Stockholm (Swedish: Kommendanten i Stockholm) is a military position in Sweden with responsibility for state ceremonial activities. The Commandant of Stockholm is deputy to the Commandant General in Stockholm. Since the post was reintroduced in 1936, the Commandant of Stockholm has at the same time served as either Defence District Commander for Stockholm Defence District (1938–1973), commander of Life Guard Dragoons with Stockholm Defence District (1973–1984), commander of Svea Life Guards with Stockholm Defence District (1984–2000), commander of  the Life Guards (2000–2017) and commander of the Central Military Region (2018–present).

Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters
59°20′47″N 18°5′14″E﻿ / ﻿59.34639°N 18.08722°E﻿ / 59.34639; 18.08722

The Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters (Swedish: Högkvarteret, HKV) is the highest level of command in the Swedish Armed Forces. Established in 1994, its primary task is to command operations, but is also involved in areas such as military strategy, the overall development of the Swedish Armed Forces, and acting as a channel of contact with government. It's located at Lidingövägen 24 at Gärdet in Stockholm.
Mr. Prospector Stakes
The Mr. Prospector Stakes is a Grade III American Thoroughbred horse race open for three years old or older, over a distance of 7 furlongs on the dirt track held annually in December at Gulfstream Park, Hallandale Beach, Florida.  The event currently carries a purse of $165,000.

Hallandale Beach, Florida
Hallandale Beach (formerly known simply as Hallandale) is a city in southern Broward County, Florida, United States. The city is named after Luther Halland, the son of a Swedish worker for Henry Flagler's Florida East Coast Railroad. It is also part of the Miami metropolitan area of South Florida. As of the 2023 census, its population was 41,547.

The city is known as the home of Gulfstream Park (horse racing and casino) and Big Easy Casino, a greyhound racing track, which hosts the World Classic. It also has a sizable downtown financial district with banks, brokerage houses, and restaurants. Together with neighbouring Hollywood, Florida, it is a popular center for Canadian tourists, leading to its description as "Canada's southernmost city."
Strathkelvin
55°55′41″N 4°08′02″W﻿ / ﻿55.928°N 4.134°W﻿ / 55.928; -4.134

Strathkelvin (Scottish Gaelic: Srath Chealbhainn) is the strath (valley) of the River Kelvin in west central Scotland, lying north-east of Glasgow. The name Strathkelvin was used between 1975 and 1996 for one of nineteen local government districts in the Strathclyde region.

Local government areas of Scotland (1975–1996)
The local government areas of Scotland were redefined by the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 and redefined again by the Local Government etc (Scotland) Act 1994.

The 1973 Act created a system of nine two-tier regions and three islands areas, and this system completely replaced local government counties and burghs in 1975. The new regions were generally very different from the counties which had been in use since  the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889. Also, the districts were very different from the subdivisions of counties, also called districts, which had been in use since the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1929.
Matthew 4:21
Matthew 4:21 is the twenty-first verse of the fourth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. Jesus has just recruited Simon Peter and Andrew as disciples. In this verse he encounters the brothers James and John.

Matthew 4
Matthew 4 is the fourth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament of Christian Bible. Many translations of the gospel and biblical commentaries separate the first section of chapter 4 (verses 1–11, Matthew's account of the Temptation of Christ by the devil) from the remaining sections, which deal with Jesus' first public preaching and the gathering of his first disciples.
Jewelry District (Providence)
The Jewelry District is a neighborhood of Providence, Rhode Island located just southeast of Downtown. The historical path of Interstate 195 delineates the neighborhood's northern border while Interstate 95 and the Providence River define its western, southern and eastern edges.

Beginning in the 19th century, the area became a center of jewelry manufacturing. In the 1960s, the area was detached from the rest of Downtown with the construction of Interstate 195. A major construction project completed in 2013 relocated Interstate 195 further south, reconnecting the district with Downtown Providence and freeing 19 buildable acres of land.

Contained within the Jewelry District neighborhood is the Providence Jewelry Manufacturing Historic District, added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985 and expanded in 2012.

South Street Station (Rhode Island)
The South Street Station (formerly known as The Narragansett Electric Company Power Station or Narragansett Electric Lighting Company Power Station and rebranded in 2017 as South Street Landing) is an historic electrical power generation station at 360 Eddy Street in Providence, Rhode Island. The structure has since been redeveloped and is now used as an administrative office and academic facility by a number of local universities.
2025 Open Bogotá
The 2025 Kia Open Bogotá was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 17th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Bogotá, Colombia between 12 and 17 May 2025.

Open Bogotá
Kia Open Bogotá (previously DirecTV Open Bogotá, Open Seguros Bolívar, Seguros Bolívar Open Bogotá) is a tournament for professional tennis players played on outdoor clay courts held in Bogotá, Colombia since 2005. From 2005–2013 and from 2014–2017, it was an Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour men's event. The tournament was not held in 2018–2020 but returned to the Challenger Tour in 2021. The event was also held as an ITF Women's Circuit tournament from 2007 to 2011 and had a $25,000 prize money fund. A one-off $100,000+H women's tournament was also held in 2014. The men's tournament had an $82,000 prize money fund in 2024. Since 2025 it is known as the Kia Open.
International Docking System Standard
The International Docking System Standard (IDSS) is an international standard for spacecraft docking systems. It was created by the International Space Station Multilateral Coordination Board, on behalf of the International Space Station partner organizations; NASA, Roscosmos, JAXA, ESA, and the Canadian Space Agency.

The IDSS was originally formulated in 2010.  The plan is for all cooperating agencies to make their future docking systems IDSS compatible.

Docking and berthing of spacecraft
Docking and berthing of spacecraft is the joining of two space vehicles. This connection can be temporary, or partially permanent such as for space station modules.

Docking specifically refers to joining of two separate free-flying space vehicles. Berthing refers to mating operations where a passive module/vehicle is placed into the mating interface of another space vehicle by using a robotic arm. Because the modern process of un-berthing requires more crew labor and is time-consuming, berthing operations are unsuited for rapid crew evacuations in the event of an emergency.
Arrup mamaevi
Arrup mamaevi is a species of soil centipede in the family Mecistocephalidae. This centipede is one of only two species of Arrup found in Russia. This centipede is also one of only five species in the family Mecistocephalidae found in Russia. This species features 41 pairs of legs and can reach 32 mm in length.

Mecistocephalidae
Mecistocephalidae is a monophyletic family of centipedes in the order Geophilomorpha. This family is the only family in the monotypic suborder Placodesmata. Most species in this family live in tropical or subtropical regions, but some occur in temperate regions. This family is the third most diverse in the order Geophiliomorpha (after Geophilidae and Schendylidae), with about 170 species, including about 130 species in the genus Mecistocephalus.
IRIS Sabalan (73)
Sabalan (Persian: سبلان) is an Alvand-class frigate of the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy. She was launched in 1969.

Commissioned in June 1972 as part of a four-ship order, the Sabalan was originally named IIS Rostam, after Rostam, a legendary hero in the Shahnameh. It was renamed after the Islamic revolution after Sabalan, the Iranian mountain.

Alvand-class frigate
The Alvand class (Persian: کلاس الوند) or Saam class (Persian: کلاس سام) was originally a class of four frigates built for the Imperial Iranian Navy. They were renamed following the Iranian Revolution, and served in the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy during the Iran–Iraq War. Three remain in service. The fourth was sunk by the U.S. Navy during Operation Praying Mantis in 1988.
South African cricket team in Australia in 2022–23
The South African national cricket team toured Australia in December 2022 and January 2023 to play three Test matches. The Test matches formed part of the 2021–2023 ICC World Test Championship.

In May 2022, Cricket Australia confirmed the fixtures for the tour, with  three-match ODI series was scheduled to be played just after the test series. However, in July 2022, South Africa withdrew from the ODI series, after the fixtures clashed with their new domestic T20 league. The ODI series would have formed part of the inaugural 2020–2023 ICC Cricket World Cup Super League. The Super League points for the three matches were awarded to Australia, subject to approval by ICC. Later, the matches were scratched with the points being awarded to Australia.

The Gabba was sanctioned by the ICC, receiving a "below average" rating and one demerit point from match referee Richie Richardson, after the first Test was over within two days.

2023 SA20
The 2023 SA20 or SA20 Season 1 (also known as Betway SA20 2023 for sponsorship reasons) was the inaugural season of the SA20, a franchise Twenty20 cricket league in South Africa, organised by Cricket South Africa (CSA). The tournament was played from 10 January to 12 February 2023. SuperSport, Sky Sports and the Sports18 network broadcast the tournament in South Africa, the United Kingdom and India respectively.

In the final, Sunrisers Eastern Cape defeated Pretoria Capitals by four wickets to win the inaugural title under Aiden Markram's captaincy.