hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tom Chambers (trade unionist)
John Thomas G. Chambers (July 1867 – 3 January 1926) was a British trade unionist.

Born in St Neots, Chambers left school at the age of twelve and began working in a grocery shop.  He later completed an apprenticeship as a stonemason and developed an interest in socialism, being an early member of the Independent Labour Party.  He moved to London in 1893.

In 1896, Chambers was elected as the Secretary of the International Transport Workers' Federation, serving until 1904. He was active in the Independent Labour Party and was elected as the first General Secretary of the Workers' Union in 1898. In 1909, he toured the ports of the United States with Havelock Wilson in order to increase trade union membership.  He was then centrally involved in the seamen's strike of 1911.

Chambers also served as Treasurer of the National Sailors' and Firemen's Union, and of the National Alliance of Employers and Employed, and was active in the Navy League and the Seafarers Education Service.

National Union of Seamen
The National Union of Seamen (NUS) was the principal trade union of merchant seafarers in the United Kingdom from the late 1880s to 1990. In 1990, the union amalgamated with the National Union of Railwaymen to form the National Union of Rail, Maritime and Transport Workers (RMT).
Fudge Tunnel
Fudge Tunnel were an English band formed in Nottingham by Alex Newport, David Ryley, and Adrian Parkin. They were known for combining the noise rock and sludge metal genres, with their sound being compared to bands such as Melvins and Nirvana. From 1989 to 1995, the band released three studio albums and three studio EPs on various notable labels such as Earache Records, Relativity Records, and Columbia Records.

Melvins
Melvins (sometimes The Melvins) are an American rock band formed in 1983 in Montesano, Washington. Their early work was key to the development of both grunge and sludge metal. Primarily a trio, they have also performed as a quartet, with either two drummers or two bassists. Since 1984, vocalist and guitarist Buzz Osborne and drummer Dale Crover have been constant members.
SixStarHotel
Sixstarhotel, is an alternative rock band from Belfast, Northern Ireland. After forming in 2001, the band released three self-financed EPs—Circus Music 2002, Everyone's a Critic 2004 and These Rosewood Theories 2005 —before moving on to full-length albums. Their debut album A Kind of Crusade was released in January 2007 and their second album Tides and Tides in December 2009.

MewithoutYou
MewithoutYou, usually stylized as mewithoutYou, was an American rock band from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The band consisted of Aaron Weiss (vocals), Michael Weiss and Brandon Beaver (guitars), Greg Jehanian (bass guitar), and Rickie Mazzotta (drums). The band's music is generally dominated by spoken-word vocals and free-ranging drums, bass, and guitar.
Staphopain
Staphopain (EC 3.4.22.48, staphylopain) is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

Broad endopeptidase action on proteins including elastin, but rather limited hydrolysis of small-molecule substrates.

This enzyme is present in several species of Staphylococcus.

Elastin
Elastin is a protein encoded by the ELN gene in humans and several other animals. Elastin is a key component in the extracellular matrix of gnathostomes (jawed vertebrates). It is highly elastic and present in connective tissue of the body to resume its shape after stretching or contracting. Elastin helps skin return to its original position whence poked or pinched. Elastin is also in important load-bearing tissue of vertebrates and used in places where storage of mechanical energy is required.
Ding Lieyun
Ding Lieyun (Chinese: 丁烈云; born 22 November 1955) is a Chinese management scientist and educator. He served as the president of Northeastern University and is the current president of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. He was elected a member of Chinese Academy of Engineering in 2015.

Huazhong University of Science and Technology
The Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST; 华中科技大学) is a public university in Wuhan, Hubei, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education of China. The university is part of Project 985, Project 211, and the Double First-Class Construction.

It is a comprehensive key university directly under the Ministry of Education. Its history can be traced back to the original Huazhong Institute of Technology established in Wuhan in 1952, the Shanghai German Medical School (predecessor of Tongji University) founded by German physician Erich Paulun in 1907, and the original Central South School of Architecture and Engineering established in Mount Lu, Jiangxi province in the 1950s. The three schools merged to form Huazhong University of Science and Technology on May 26, 2000.
Neptune Islands Conservation Park
Neptune Islands Conservation Park is a protected area occupying most of the Neptune Islands in South Australia about 55 km (34 mi) south-south east of Port Lincoln. It was established in 1967 principally to protect a New Zealand fur seal breeding colony. The conservation park was subsequently expanded to include the adjoining waters in order to control and manage berleying activities used to attract great white sharks. As of 2002, the conservation park is the only place in Australia where shark cage diving to view great white sharks is legally permitted.

Shark tourism
Shark tourism is a form of eco-tourism that allows people to dive with sharks in their natural environment. This benefits local shark populations by educating tourists and through funds raised by the shark tourism industry. Communities that previously relied on shark finning to make their livelihoods are able to make a larger profit from diving tours while protecting the local environment. People can get close to the sharks by free- or scuba diving or by entering the water in a protective cage for more aggressive species. Many of these dives are done by private companies and are often baited to ensure shark sightings, a practice which is highly controversial and under review in many areas.
Peter the Great Military Academy of the Strategic Missile Forces
The Peter the Great Military Academy of the Strategic Missile Forces is a military academy that serves personnel of the Strategic Missile Forces of the Russian Armed Forces. Since 2015, it has been located in the municipality of Balashikha in the Moscow Oblast. The academy is subordinate to the Commander of the Strategic Missile Forces.

Military academy
A military academy or service academy is an educational institution which prepares candidates for service in the officer corps. It normally provides education in a military environment, the exact definition depending on the country concerned.

Three types of academy exist: pre-collegiate-level institutions awarding academic qualifications, university-level institutions awarding bachelor's-degree-level qualifications, and those preparing officer cadets for commissioning into the armed services of the state.

A naval academy is either a type of military academy (in the broad sense of that term) or is distinguished from one (in the narrow sense). In U.S. usage, the Military, Merchant Marine, Naval, Coast Guard, and the Air Force Academy serve as military academies under the categorization of service academies in that country.
James Murray (Ohio politician)
James Murray was a Republican politician from the state of Ohio. He was Ohio Attorney General in 1861 and 1862.

James Murray was born in Scotland about 1830. In 1831, when about a year old, his family moved to Sidney, Ohio.  He was educated in the public schools, and admitted to the bar in 1851. He immediately relocated to Perrysburg, Ohio. He was elected Ohio Attorney General in 1860, and served one term. He remained a resident of Wood County, Ohio until the close of his term, and then returned to Sidney, where he died in 1879. The only other political office he ever held was as mayor of Perrysburg.

Wood County, Ohio
Wood County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 132,248. Its county seat is Bowling Green. The county was named for Captain Eleazer D. Wood, the engineer for General William Henry Harrison's army, who built Fort Meigs during the War of 1812. Wood County is part of the Toledo, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area. Its diagonal northwest border is formed by the Maumee River, which has its mouth at Maumee Bay on Lake Erie.
Swami Shukdevanand Post Graduate College
S.S.P.G. College (Full name: Swami Shukdevanand Post Graduate College) is a college in Shahjahanpur district of Uttar Pradesh in India. The school is located at Mumukshu Ashram, near Garra river on Lucknow-Delhi National Highway No. 30. It is affiliated with MJP Rohilkhand University, Bareilly.

Founded in 1964 by Swami Shukdevanand Saraswati (1901-1965), S.S.P.G. College runs graduate and postgraduate courses in Faculties of Arts, Science, Commerce, Education and Computer Science.
Course offered by the colleges are as follows:
1. B.A 
2.B.Sc 
3. B.Com
4.LLB
5. MA

Shahjahanpur district
Shahjahanpur district is a district of Uttar Pradesh India. It is a part of Bareilly division. It was established in 1813 by the British Government. Previously it was a part of district Bareilly. Geographically the main town is Shahjahanpur, which is its headquarters. Its five tehsils are: Powayan, Kalan, Tilhar, Jalalabad and Sadar.
11 Aquarii
11 Aquarii is a sun-like star in the zodiac constellation of Aquarius, located 88.5 light years away from the Sun. 11 Aquarii is the Flamsteed designation. It is difficult to see with the naked eye, appearing as a dim, yellow-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 6.22. This body is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −17.8 km/s, and is expected to come as close as 65.1 ly in 700,000 years.

It is  a G-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of G1 V. Compared to the Sun, this star has a higher abundance of elements more massive than helium. This indicates it belongs to a class of stars called metal-rich. The star is 3.7 billion years old, it has 1.20 times the mass and 1.30 times the radius of the Sun. It is radiating 2.24 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,944 K.

Metallicity
In astronomy, metallicity is the abundance of elements present in an object that are heavier than hydrogen and helium. Most of the normal currently detectable (i.e. non-dark) matter in the universe is either hydrogen or helium, and astronomers use the word metals as convenient shorthand for all elements except hydrogen and helium. This word-use is distinct from the conventional chemical or physical definition of a metal as an electrically conducting element. Stars and nebulae with relatively high abundances of heavier elements are called metal-rich when discussing metallicity, even though many of those elements are called nonmetals in chemistry.
AVA Media
AVA Media is a Kurdish broadcasting station, based in Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. It started its broadcast on March 20, 2019, with television programs in the Kurdish dialects of Sorani and Kurmanci, as well as English. The channel is founded and owned by Mustafa Bayram.

Central Kurdish
Central Kurdish, also known as Sorani Kurdish, is a Kurdish language variety spoken in Iraq, mainly in Iraqi Kurdistan, as well as the Iranian provinces of Kurdistan, Kermanshah, and West Azerbaijan. Central Kurdish is one of the two official languages of Iraq, along with Arabic, and is in administrative documents simply referred to as "Kurdish".

The term Sorani, named after the Soran Emirate, refers to a variety of Central Kurdish based on the dialect spoken in Slemani. Central Kurdish is written in the Kurdo-Arabic alphabet, an adaptation of the Arabic script developed in the 1920s by Sa'ed Sidqi Kaban and Taufiq Wahby.
Cyclic redundancy check
A cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is an error-detecting code commonly used in digital networks and storage devices to detect accidental changes to digital data. Blocks of data entering these systems get a short check value attached, based on the remainder of a polynomial division of their contents. On retrieval, the calculation is repeated and, in the event the check values do not match, corrective action can be taken against data corruption. CRCs can be used for error correction (see bitfilters).

CRCs are so called because the check (data verification) value is a redundancy (it expands the message without adding information) and the algorithm is based on cyclic codes. CRCs are popular because they are simple to implement in binary hardware, easy to analyze mathematically, and particularly good at detecting common errors caused by noise in transmission channels.  Because the check value has a fixed length, the function that generates it is occasionally used as a hash function.

Computer hardware
Computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as the central processing unit (CPU), random-access memory (RAM), motherboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, and computer case. It includes external devices such as a monitor, mouse, keyboard, and speakers.

By contrast, software is a set of written  instructions that can be stored and run by hardware. Hardware derived its name from the fact it is hard or rigid with respect to changes, whereas software is soft because it is easy to change.

Hardware is typically directed by the software to execute any command or instruction. A combination of hardware and software forms a usable computing system, although other systems exist with only hardware.
2017 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship
The 2017 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship – known as the Liberty Insurance All-Ireland Camogie Championship for sponsorship reasons – was 2017's premier inter-county camogie competition.

The winners receive the O'Duffy Cup.

The championship began on 10 June 2017 and ended on 10 September with a Cork victory.

Camogie
Camogie (/kəˈmoʊɡi/ ⓘ kə-MOH-ghee; Irish: camógaíocht [kəˈmˠoːɡiːxt̪ˠ]) is an Irish stick-and-ball team sport played by women. It is played by 100,000 women in Ireland and worldwide, largely among Irish communities.

A variant of the game hurling (which is played by men only), it is organised by the Dublin-based Camogie Association (An Cumann Camógaíochta). The annual All Ireland Camogie Championship has a record attendance of 33,154, while average attendances in recent years are in the range of 15,000 to 18,000. The final is broadcast live, with a television audience of over 300,000.

UNESCO lists Camogie as an element of Intangible Cultural Heritage. The game is referred to in Waiting for Godot by Irish playwright Samuel Beckett and in 'Fair Play' a detective novel by Irish author Louise Hegarty.
Bordesholm (Amt)
Bordesholm is an Amt ("collective municipality") in the district of Rendsburg-Eckernförde, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated around the village Bordesholm, which is the seat of the Amt. It was called Bordesholm-Land until 30 June 2007.

Amt
Amt is a type of administrative division governing a group of municipalities, today only in Germany, but formerly also common in other countries of Northern Europe. Its size and functions differ by country and the term is roughly equivalent to a British or U.S. county.
1999 Úrvalsdeild
The 1999 season of Úrvalsdeild was the 88th season of league football in Iceland. KR won their 21st title. Valur and recently promoted Víkingur were relegated. The competition was known as Landssímadeild, due to its sponsorship by the now-defunct company, Landssíminn.

Valur (men's football)
The Valur men's football team, commonly known as Valur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈvaːlʏr̥], lit. 'Gyrfalcon'), is the men's football department of the Knattspyrnufélagið Valur multi-sport club. The club is based in Reykjavík, Iceland, and currently plays in the Besta deild karla, the top league of men's football in Iceland. The team plays its home games at Hlíðarendi in Reykjavík. The team's colours are red and white. Valur has spent most of its time in the top-flight of Icelandic football, spending only three seasons outside the top tier. Valur is one of the most successful football clubs in Iceland, with 23 Icelandic championships.
Decazella
Decazella is an extinct genus of freshwater ray-finned fish that lived during the late Carboniferous period. It contains a single species, D. vetteri from the Gzhelian (Stephanian) age of what is now Occitania, France (near Decazeville).

Decazeville
Decazeville (Occitan: La Sala) is a commune in the Aveyron department in the Occitanie region in southern France.

The commune was created in the 19th century because of the Industrial Revolution and was named after the Duke of Decazes (1780–1860), the founder of the factory that created the town. Viviez-Decazeville station has rail connections to Brive-la-Gaillarde, Figeac and Rodez.
Philadelphia Freedoms (1974)
The Philadelphia Freedoms were a charter franchise of World Team Tennis (WTT) founded by Dick and Ken Butera. The Freedoms played only one season in Philadelphia before being sold at the end of the 1974 season, moving to Boston and changing their name to the Boston Lobsters. Led by WTT Most Valuable Player Billie Jean King, the Freedoms posted the best regular-season record in WTT's inaugural season with 39 wins and 5 losses. The Freedoms won the Eastern Division Championship and reached the WTT Finals where they lost to the Denver Racquets.

Fred Stolle
Frederick Sydney Stolle, AO (8 October 1938 – 5 March 2025) was an Australian amateur world No. 1 tennis player and commentator. He was born in Hornsby, New South Wales, Australia. He was the father of former Australian Davis Cup player Sandon Stolle.
Allium sannineum
Allium sannineum (Arabic ثوم صنين) is a plant species found in the Levant (Syria, Israel, Palestine, Jordan and Lebanon). It is a bulb-forming perennial with an umbel of flowers crowded together, resembling a head. Their tepals are deep blue of violet with fringed edges.

They can found at elevations between 1800–2300 m.

Umbel
In botany, an umbel is an inflorescence that consists of a number of short flower stalks (called pedicels) that spread from a common point, somewhat like umbrella ribs. The word was coined in botanical usage in the 1590s, from Latin umbella "parasol, sunshade". The arrangement can vary from being flat-topped to almost spherical. Umbels can be simple or compound. The secondary umbels of compound umbels are known as umbellules or umbellets. A small umbel is called an umbellule. The arrangement of the inflorescence in umbels is referred to as umbellate, or occasionally subumbellate (almost umbellate).

Umbels are a characteristic of plants such as carrot, parsley, dill, and fennel in the family Apiaceae; ivy, Aralia and Fatsia in the family Araliaceae; and onion (Allium) in the family Alliaceae.

An umbel is a type of indeterminate inflorescence.
A compressed cyme, which is a determinate inflorescence, is called umbelliform if it resembles an umbel.
ULF
Ulf is a common first name in Europe, especially in Scandinavia. ULF can refer to:

Ultra Large Format, used for cameras producing negatives larger than 8" x 10"

Ultra Low Floor, is a type of tram

Ultra low frequency, the radio frequency band from 300 Hz to 3 kHz

United Labour Front, a defunct political party in Trinidad and Tobago

Upplands lantarbetareförbund (Farm Workers Union of Uppland), a Swedish farm workers union

Ultra low frequency
Ultra low frequency (ULF) is the ITU designation for the frequency range of electromagnetic waves between 300 hertz and 3 kilohertz, corresponding to wavelengths between 1,000 and 100 km. In magnetosphere science and seismology, alternative definitions are usually given, including ranges from 1 mHz to 100 Hz, 1 mHz to 1 Hz, and 10 mHz to 10 Hz.

Many types of waves in the ULF frequency band can be observed in the magnetosphere and on the ground.  These waves represent important physical processes in the near-Earth plasma environment.  The speed of the ULF waves is often associated with the Alfvén velocity that depends on the ambient magnetic field and plasma mass density.

This band is used for communications in mines, as it can penetrate the earth.
Clary DE-60
The Clary DE-60 was an early transistorized digital computer made by Clary Corporation.  It was a compact (desk-sized) general-purpose computer intended for both scientific and business applications.  It operated on 18-digit binary-coded decimal words used fixed-point arithmetic. Main memory was a 32-word magnetic drum memory. Input and output devices included a console keyboard, printer, paper tape and punched card system. For programming, the system used sequential instructions from the keyboard and plug-boards.
 Custom modules for trigonometric and other functions could be installed.

The system was introduced in 1959.  By 1961, about 18 systems were operating or on order. Clary Corporation was founded by Hugh L. Clary in 1939. Today the company manufactures products such as uninterruptible power supply systems.

Drum memory
Drum memory was a magnetic data storage device invented by Gustav Tauschek in 1932 in Austria.  Drums were widely used in the 1950s and into the 1960s as computer memory.

Many early computers, called drum computers or drum machines, used drum memory as the main working memory of the computer.  Some drums were also used as secondary storage as for example various IBM drum storage drives, and the UNIVAC Flying head and FASTRAND series of drums.

Drums were displaced as primary computer memory by magnetic core memory, which offered a better balance of size, speed, cost, reliability and potential for further improvements.  Drums were then replaced by hard disk drives for secondary storage, which were both less expensive and offered denser storage. The manufacturing of drums ceased in the 1970s.
1989 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 10
The 1989 Tour de France was the 76th edition of Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Luxembourg with a prologue individual time trial on 1 July and Stage 10 occurred on 11 July with a mountain stage to Superbagnères. The race finished on the Champs-Élysées in Paris on 23 July, with a further individual time trial.

Bicycle handlebar
A bicycle handlebar is the steering control for bicycles. It is the equivalent of a tiller for vehicles and vessels, as it is most often directly mechanically linked to a pivoting front wheel via a stem which in turn attaches it to the fork. Besides steering, handlebars also often support a portion of the rider's weight, depending on their riding position, and provide a convenient mounting place for brake levers, shift levers, cyclocomputers, bells, etc.
Ferm
Ferm is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anders Ferm (1938–2019), Swedish diplomat and politician

Björn Ferm (born 1944), Swedish modern pentathlete

Charles Ferm (1566–1617), Scottish educator

Hanna Ferm (born 2000), Swedish singer

Jackie Ferm (born 1990), Swedish writer and model

Olle Ferm (born 1947), Swedish swimmer

Tyrone Ferm (born 1940), Swedish sprint canoeist

Vergilius Ferm (1896–1974), American philosopher

Charles Ferm
Charles Ferm, Ferme, Farholme or Fairholm (c. 1566–1617), was a leading campaigning Presbyterian minister in the Church of Scotland, and the Principal of the short lived Fraserburgh University, Scotland.