hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Van der Gaag
van der Gaag is a Dutch surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anna van der Gaag, British speech and language therapist and academic

Linda van der Gaag (born 1959), Dutch computer scientist

Lotti van der Gaag (1923–1999), Dutch sculptor and painter

Wim van der Gaag (born 1936), Dutch footballer and coach
Mitchell van der Gaag (born 1971), Dutch footballer and coach, son of Wim
Jordan van der Gaag (born 1999), Dutch footballer, son of Mitchell
Lucas van der Gaag (born 2001), Dutch footballer, son of Mitchell

Linda van der Gaag
Linda Christina van der Gaag (born 1959) is a Dutch computer scientist whose research concerns artificial intelligence for medical decision support systems, including graphical models, Bayesian networks, and expert systems. She is SUPSI Professor at the Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence Research in Switzerland.
James Whorwood Adeane
General James Whorwood Adeane (14 December 1740 – 15 April 1802) was a British Army officer and Tory politician.

He was the only son of Simon Adeane of Chalgrove and Mary Brydges, niece of James Brydges, 1st Duke of Chandos. He entered the British Army in 1755, rising to the rank of colonel of the 45th Foot in 1788, Lieut-General in 1796 and full General in 1801.

He was a Member of the Parliament of Great Britain for Cambridge 1780 to May 1789 and for Cambridgeshire 19 May 1789 – 15 April 1802. He was appointed a Groom of the Bedchamber to King George III from 1784 to his death.

He died in 1802. He had married Anne, daughter and heiress of Robert Jones, with whom he had a son Robert Jones Adeane of Babraham, Cambridgeshire (who fathered MP Henry John Adeane) and three daughters.

General (United Kingdom)
General (or full general to distinguish it from the lower general officer ranks) is the highest rank achievable by serving officers of the British Army and the Royal Marines.  The rank can also be held by Royal Marines officers in tri-service posts, for example, Generals Sir Gordon Messenger and Sir Gwyn Jenkins, former Vice-Chiefs of the Defence Staff. It ranks above lieutenant-general and, in the Army, is subordinate to the rank of field marshal, which is now awarded as an honorary rank only.  The rank of general has a NATO-code of OF-9, and is a four-star rank.  It is equivalent to a full admiral in the Royal Navy or an air chief marshal in the Royal Air Force.

Officers holding the ranks of general, lieutenant-general and major-general are 'general officers' and may be addressed as 'general'.
Norman Wykes
Nigel Wykes (born Norman Gordon Wykes; 19 March 1906 – 4 December 1991) was an English cricketer. He was educated at Oundle School and played for Essex between 1925 and 1936.

He was Eton Housemaster from 1944 to 1960 and a distinguished painter of butterflies and plants.

Essex County Cricket Club
Essex County Cricket Club is one of eighteen first-class county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Essex.

Founded in 1876, the club had minor county status until 1894 when it was promoted to first-class status pending its entry into the County Championship in 1895. Since then, the team has played in every top-level domestic cricket competition in England.

Essex currently play all their home games at the County Cricket Ground, Chelmsford. The club has formerly used other venues throughout the county including Lower Castle Park in Colchester, Valentines Park in Ilford, Leyton Cricket Ground, the Gidea Park Sports Ground in Romford, and Garon Park and Southchurch Park, both in Southend.

The limited overs team has previously been known as the Essex Eagles but now play simply as Essex.
John Flowers (basketball)
John Flowers (born June 13, 1989) is an Retired American professional basketball player for Club Atlético Peñarol of the Liga Uruguaya de Básquetbol.

His mother Pam Kelly-Flowers is a member of the Women's Basketball Hall of Fame. As a senior at St. Mary's Ryken High School, he averaged 18 points and 13.2 rebounds. Flowers committed to coach John Beilein at West Virginia in college and honored his commitment after Beilein left. As a senior he averaged 9.2 points per game. He reached the Final Four with West Virginia in 2010. After graduating, Flowers played his first year of professional basketball in Japan.

On August 3, 2019, Flowers signed with Soles de Mexicali in Mexico. He averaged 13 points, 4 rebounds and 2 assists per game. Flowers signed with Boulazac on June 9, 2020. He averaged 13.5 points, 3.6 rebounds, and 1.1 assists per game. On September 1, 2021, Flowers signed with Club Atlético Peñarol of the Liga Uruguaya de Básquetbol.

Soles de Mexicali
The Soles de Mexicali (English: Mexicali Suns) is a Mexican professional basketball team based in Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico, playing in the Northern Division of the Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional (LNBP). The team was founded in 2005, and has established as one of Mexico's most successful basketball franchises. They currently play their home games in the Auditorio del Estado and are getting their home auditorium remodeled to match their recent title.

After only two years of existence, the team won their first national championship against the Halcones de Xalapa.
David Meroro
David Hosea Meroro (1 January 1917 – 18 January 2004) was a Namibian politician, liberation struggle veteran, and businessman. He was a founding member of the South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO) and served as its National Chairman from 1964 to 1991. Meroro played a key role in leading SWAPO's internal resistance against the South African apartheid regime when many of its top leaders were in exile. Following Namibia's independence in 1990, he became a member of the Constituent Assembly, contributing to the drafting of the country's first Constitution. He later served in the National Assembly as a SWAPO member.

On 18 January 2004, Meroro died at Windhoek Central Hospital at the age of 87. He was accorded a Heroes' Funeral and buried at Heroes' Acre, Namibia's official burial site for national heroes.

National Assembly (Namibia)
The National Assembly is the lower chamber of Namibia's bicameral Parliament. Its laws must be approved by the National Council, the upper house. Since 2014, it has a total of 104 members. 96 members are directly elected through a system of closed list proportional representation and serve five-year terms. Eight additional members are appointed by the President. Since March 2025, SWAPO member Saara Kuugongelwa has been the Speaker of the National Assembly.

Namibia's National Assembly emerged on Independence Day on 21 March 1990 from the Constituent Assembly of Namibia, following the elections of November 1989. That election, under guidelines established by the United Nations, included foreign observers in an effort to ensure a free and fair election process. The current National Assembly was formed following elections on 27 November 2024.
Rüti Reformed Church
Reformierte Kirche Rüti (native German name, literally: Rüti Reformed Church) is an Evangelical Reformed church in the Swiss municipality of Rüti in the Canton of Zürich. It was built between 1214 and 1219 AD as the Romanesque style church of the then Premonstratensian Kloster Rüti, an abbey that was founded in 1206 by the House of Regensberg and suppressed in 1525 as part of the Reformation in Zürich.

Municipalities of the canton of Zurich
There are 160 municipalities in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

In general, municipalities (German: Politische Gemeinden) in Switzerland are grouped in districts (Bezirke), their capital municipalities are written in bold letters.
Jane Wallas Penfold
Jane Wallas Penfold (1 November 1820 - 9 February 1884), later Mrs. William Mathews, was an English naturalist and illustrator. She published Madeira: Flowers, Fruits and Ferns in 1845, which included a poem by William Wordsworth.

William Wordsworth
William Wordsworth (7 April 1770 – 23 April 1850) was an English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their joint publication Lyrical Ballads (1798).

Wordsworth's magnum opus is generally considered to be The Prelude, a semi-autobiographical poem of his early years that he revised and expanded a number of times. It was posthumously titled and published by his wife in the year of his death, before which it was generally known as "The Poem to Coleridge".

Wordsworth was Poet Laureate from 1843 until his death from pleurisy on 23 April 1850. He remains one of the most recognizable names in English poetry and was a key figure of the Romantic poets.
Deschênes Commission
The Deschênes Commission, officially known as the Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals in Canada, was established by the government of Canada in February 1985 to investigate claims that Canada had become a haven for Nazi war criminals. Headed by retired Superior Court of Quebec judge Jules Deschênes, the commission delivered its report in April 1987, after almost two years of hearings.

Per Anders Rudling
Per Anders Rudling (born 11 April 1974 in Karlstad) is a Swedish-American historian and an associate professor in the Department of History at Lund University (Sweden). He specializes in the areas of nationalism and memory and trauma in Eastern Europe.
Jon Udell
Jon Udell is a freelance journalist. From 2007 to 2014 he was "Evangelist" at Microsoft. Previously he was lead analyst for the InfoWorld Test Center.

Udell is author of Practical Internet Groupware, published in 1999 by O'Reilly Media, and is an advisor to O'Reilly's Safari Tech Books Online. He wrote the column "Tangled in the Threads" for Byte.com from 1999 to 2002, and continues to be an active blogger.  In this context he published a screencast illustrating how Wikipedia articles evolve, using Heavy metal umlaut as an example. A major focus of much of his writing is the question of how to enable non-experts to find data (often on the internet) and utilize in new ways.

He created the LibraryLookup bookmarklet project, which makes it easier for people to discover if their local library has a copy of a given book. Jon is a graduate of both the University of Michigan and Johns Hopkins University.

O'Reilly Media
O'Reilly Media, Inc. (formerly O'Reilly & Associates) is an American learning company established by Tim O'Reilly that provides technical and professional skills development courses via an online learning platform. O'Reilly also publishes books about programming and other technical content. Its distinctive brand features a woodcut of an animal on many of its book covers. The company was known as a popular tech conference organizer for more than 20 years before closing the live conferences arm of its business.
Fee-fi-fo-fum
"Fee-fi-fo-fum" is the first line of a historical quatrain (or sometimes couplet) famous for its use in the classic English fairy tale "Jack and the Beanstalk". The poem, as given in Joseph Jacobs' 1890 rendition, is as follows:

Fee-fi-fo-fum,
I smell the blood of an Englishman,
Be he alive, or be he dead
I'll have his bones to grind my bread.

Though the rhyme is tetrametric, it follows no consistent metrical foot; however, the lines correspond roughly to a monosyllabic tetrameter, a dactylic tetrameter, a trochaic tetrameter, and an iambic tetrameter respectively. The poem has historically made use of assonant half rhyme.

Quatrain
A quatrain is a type of stanza, or a complete poem, consisting of four lines.

Existing in a variety of forms, the quatrain appears in poems from the poetic traditions of various ancient civilizations including Persia, Ancient India, Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, and China, and continues into the 21st century, where it is seen in works published in many languages.

This form of poetry has been continually popular in Iran since the medieval period, as Ruba'is form; an important faction of the vast repertoire of Persian poetry, with famous poets such as Omar Khayyam and Mahsati Ganjavi of Seljuk Persia writing poetry only in this format.

Michel de Nostredame (Nostradamus) used the quatrain form to deliver his famous "prophecies" in the 16th century.

There are fifteen possible rhyme schemes, but the most traditional and common are ABAA, AAAA, ABAB, and ABBA.
Nizharadze
The House of Nizharadze (Georgian: ნიჟარაძე) is a Georgian noble family, known from the late 13th century. They had a status of tavadi (prince) in the western Georgian kingdom of Imereti and were confirmed in the rank of knyaz of the Russian Empire, in 1850 and 1862, after the Russian annexation of Imereti.

Georgian nobility
The nobility of Georgia was the social and legal grouping of individuals and families with a special status in the former Kingdom of Georgia (along with its successor states).

The Georgian nobility has always been split across two main groups: the princely and ducal Houses, which were in the minority, and the untitled noble Houses which were the vast majority.

The untitled nobility consisted of the gentry who were the direct vassals of the King along with the vassals of the various princes and dukes, as well as those of the Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia who had his own realm. Before the formal annexation by the Russian Empire, there were no other hereditary nobiliary titles other than the Western European equivalents of Prince and Duke.

The nobility of Georgia is split into two periods: before Russian annexation and after. At the time of annexation, approximately 5% of the total Georgian population belonged to the nobility in some form, with the Bagratids being at the top.
Frame 137
Frame 137 is a short story that first appeared in issue #61 of Dark Horse Presents in April 1992. It was created by American graphic artist James O'Barr, who is best known as the creator of the comic book series The Crow.

The comic, which is set in a post-apocalyptic version of the future, has been adapted into a short film by Australian filmmaker Judd Tilyard. The short film, which was produced by Tilyard and Liz Tomkins, features an animated sequence of new original artwork from James O'Barr as well as a cover of "Dog Food", the Iggy Pop song referenced in the original graphic novel, from Mondo Generator and featuring Nick Oliveri and Dave Grohl; the track was created for the short film.

Mondo Generator
Mondo Generator (also known as Nick Oliveri and the Mondo Generator) is an American rock band founded in 1997 by Nick Oliveri. The band has released seven studio albums, four EPs, one live album and one video album.
Music Inspired by Lord of the Rings
Music Inspired by Lord of the Rings is an instrumental progressive rock album by Swedish musician Bo Hansson. As its title suggests, it is a concept album based on author J. R. R. Tolkien's high fantasy novel, The Lord of the Rings. The album was originally issued in Sweden in late 1970, under the Swedish title of Sagan om ringen, and was subsequently re-released internationally as Music Inspired by Lord of the Rings in September 1972.

The album reached the Top 40 of the UK Album Chart and was eventually certified gold in the UK and Australia. It was also moderately successful in America, where it reached number 154 on the Billboard Top LPs & Tape chart. Music Inspired by Lord of the Rings remains the only release by Hansson to have reached the UK and US charts and as a result, it is by far his best known and most successful album.

High fantasy
High fantasy, or epic fantasy, is a subgenre of fantasy defined by the epic nature of its setting or by the epic stature of its characters, themes, or plot. High fantasy is usually set in an alternative, fictional ("secondary") world, rather than the "real" or "primary" world. This secondary world is usually internally consistent, but its rules differ from those of the primary world. By contrast, low fantasy is characterized by being set on Earth, the primary or real world, or a rational and familiar fictional world with the inclusion of magical elements.
Hobo Hill Historic District
Hobo Hill Historic District is a national historic district located in Jefferson City, Cole County, Missouri.  It encompasses seven contributing buildings in a predominantly residential section of Jefferson City. The district developed between about 1908 and 1916, and includes representative examples of Tudor Revival, Colonial Revival, Bungalow / American Craftsman, and American Foursquare style architecture.  Notable buildings include the Adolph Brandenberger House (1910).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.

Cole County, Missouri
Cole County is located in the central part of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, its population was 77,279. Its county seat and largest city is Jefferson City, the state capital. The county was organized November 16, 1820, and named after pioneer William Temple Cole who built Cole's Fort in Boonville.

Cole County is in the Jefferson City, MO Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is south of the Missouri River.

In 2010, the center of the population of Missouri was in Cole County, near the village of Wardsville.
American Data Privacy and Protection Act
The American Data Privacy and Protection Act (ADPPA) was a United States proposed federal online privacy bill that, if enacted into law, would have regulated how organizations keep and use consumer data. The bipartisan, bicameral bill was the first American consumer privacy bill to pass committee markup, which it did with near unanimity.

Bill (law)
A bill is a proposal for a new law, or a proposal to substantially alter an existing law.

A bill does not become law until it has been passed by the legislature and, in most cases, approved by the head of state (sometimes the executive).

Bills are introduced in the legislature and are there discussed, debated on, and voted upon.  Once a bill has been enacted into law by the legislature, it is called an act of the legislature, or a statute.
Vicky Longomba
Victor Longomba Besange Lokuli, commonly known as Vicky Longomba (23 December 1932 – 12 March 1988), was a Congolese singer.

Born in Léopoldville, present-day Kinshasa, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, he was a founding member of Tout puissant OK Jazz, a Congolese rumba group.

He later formed his own group, Lovy du Zaire. He was the father of Lovy Longomba (member of Super Mazembe) and Awilo Longomba, both popular musicians.

He died in Kinshasa on 12 March 1988, aged 55.

Orchestra Super Mazembe
Orchestra Super Mazembe was a Kenyan Congolese rumba band. Originally formed in Zaire in 1967 under the name Super Vox, the group, led by Longwa Didos Mutonkole, moved to Nairobi in 1974 and changed their name. Their biggest hit was "Shauri Yako", a cover version of a song first performed by Nguashi Ntimbo & Festival Du Zaire. In 2006, they renamed themselves Orchestra Bana Mazembe, after most of the original members had died.
Okaba Station
Okaba Station (岡場駅, Okaba-eki) is a passenger railway station  located in Kita-ku Kobe, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the private transportation company, Kobe Electric Railway (Shintetsu).

Kita-ku, Kobe
Kita (北区, Kita-ku) is one of 9 wards of Kobe, Japan. It has an area of 241.84 km2, and a population of 226,402 (2008). Kita in Japanese means North. Kita-ku is the biggest ward in Kobe and occupies the northeastern part of the city. Arima Onsen is located in Kita-ku.
Disappearance of Nyleen Marshall
Nyleen Kay Marshall (née Briscoe; September 18, 1978 – disappeared June 25, 1983) is an American girl who disappeared under mysterious circumstances in the Elkhorn Mountains in the Helena National Forest near Helena, Montana. Two years after her disappearance, the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children, other missing person non-profits, as well as Marshall's family, received phone calls and letters from an anonymous man claiming to have abducted Marshall. In the letters and phone calls, the man detailed sexual abuse but alleged that Marshall was safe and had traveled the world with him. The identity of the anonymous caller and writer is unknown.

Marshall's disappearance has received coverage from the NBC series Unsolved Mysteries, as well as television figure Nancy Grace.

National Center for Missing & Exploited Children
The National Center for Missing & Exploited Children, abbreviated as NCMEC (/nɛk mək/) is a private, nonprofit organization established in 1984 by the United States Congress. In September 2013, the United States House of Representatives, United States Senate, and the president of the United States reauthorized the allocation of $40 million in funding for the organization as part of Missing Children's Assistance Reauthorization Act of 2013. The current chair of the organization is Jon Grosso of Kohl's. NCMEC handles cases of missing minors from infancy to young adults through age 20.
Yves Tronc
Yves Tronc (born 30 June 1960 in Sallanches) is a French sport shooter who specializes in the trap.

At the 2008 Olympic Games he finished in joint thirteenth place in the trap qualification, missing a place among the top six, who progressed to the final round. He also competed at the 2004 Olympic Games.

Sallanches
Sallanches (French pronunciation: [salɑ̃ʃ]; Arpitan: Salenches) is a commune in the Haute-Savoie department of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France. Located close to the Mont Blanc massif, many visitors pass through the town en route to well-known alpine resorts such as Chamonix, Megève and Saint-Gervais-les-Bains. Sallanches is the centre of an urban area with about 46,000 inhabitants.
Harry Solimano
Harry Solimano (April 19, 1889 – October 31, 1972) was an American college football and college basketball coach. He was the head football coach at St. Mary's College—now known as the University of Dayton—in 1919, tallying a mark of 2–2. Solimano was also the head basketball coach at St. Mary's from 1911 to 1914 and again in 1919–20, compiling a record of 34–14.

University of Dayton
The University of Dayton (UD) is a private, Catholic research university in Dayton, Ohio, United States. Founded in 1850 by the Society of Mary, it is one of three Marianist universities in the US and the second-largest private university in Ohio. Its campus is located in southern Dayton and spans 388 acres on both sides of the Great Miami River. The campus is noted for the Immaculate Conception Chapel and the University of Dayton Arena.

As of 2023, the university enrolls approximately 11,300 undergraduate and postgraduate students from a variety of religious, ethnic and geographic backgrounds. It offers more than 80 academic programs in the arts, sciences, business, education, health sciences, engineering, and law. In 2009, UD offered what it believes to be one of the first undergraduate degree programs in human rights. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".