hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NGC 1398
NGC 1398 is an isolated barred spiral galaxy exhibiting a double ring structure. It is located 65 million light years from the Earth, in the constellation of Fornax. The galaxy, with a diameter of approximately 292,000 light years, is bigger than the Milky Way. Over 100 billion stars are in the galaxy. The discovery credit for NGC 1398 is often given to Friedrich Winnecke of Karlsruhe, Germany, who observed it on 17 December 1868, while he was searching for comets. German astronomer Wilhelm Tempel had first observed it on 9 October 1861, but he did not publish his observation until 1882.

Friedrich August Theodor Winnecke
Friedrich August Theodor Winnecke (5 February 1835 in Groß-Heere, near Hannover – 3 December 1897 in Bonn) was a German astronomer.

Winnecke worked at Pulkovo Observatory near Saint Petersburg from 1858 to 1865, but returned to Germany and served as professor of astronomy in Strasbourg from 1872 to 1881.

He discovered or co-discovered a large number of comets, including the periodic comet 7P/Pons-Winnecke and the comet once known as "Pons-Coggia-Winnecke-Forbes" but later renamed to 27P/Crommelin after Andrew Crommelin, who computed its orbit.

Winnecke also compiled a list of double stars, the Winnecke Catalogue of Double Stars, in 1869. He also found a number of nebulae.

The asteroid 207 Hedda, discovered by Johann Palisa in 1879, was named after Winnecke's wife Hedwig. In 2010 an asteroid discovered on 2002 Apr. 4 by M. Meyer (215423) Winnecke was named after Winnecke himself.
Maeve Óg O'Leary
Maeve Óg O'Leary (born 6 March 2000) is an Irish rugby union player. She plays for Blackrock College in the women's All-Ireland League, Munster in the IRFU Women's Interprovincial Series and Ireland internationally. O'Leary can play across the back-row.

IRFU Women's Interprovincial Series
The IRFU Women's Interprovincial Series, previously known as the IWRFU Interprovincial Championship, is the top level women's rugby union competition in Ireland. It is organised by the Irish Rugby Football Union. It is the women's equivalent of the former IRFU Interprovincial Championship.

The competition takes place every December and features four teams representing Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster. The competition effectively acts as a selection trials process for both the Celtic Challenge regional cross-border competition featuring the Wolfhounds and Clovers teams, and the Ireland women's national rugby union team that competes in the subsequent Women's Six Nations Championship.

Since 2016 the IRFU has also organised a similar under 18s competition.
Elias Coop-Gonzalez
Elias Coop-Gonzalez (/kuːp/; KuP Gon-Sales; born May 2, 2002) is an American politician. He currently serves as a member of the West Virginia House of Delegates for District 67, which encompasses Randolph County and Pendleton County, for the Republican Party. He assumed office on December 1, 2022. Coop-Gonzalez is among the youngest state legislators in the United States, running at age 19 and taking office at 20. He currently sits on four committees: Banking and Insurance, Energy and Manufacturing, Political Subdivisions, and Veterans Affairs/Homeland Security.

Pendleton County, West Virginia
Pendleton County is a county located in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,143, making it the second-least populous county in West Virginia. Its county seat is Franklin. The county was created by the Virginia General Assembly in 1788 from parts of Augusta, Hardy, and Rockingham counties and was named for Edmund Pendleton (1721–1803), a distinguished Virginia statesman and jurist.

Spruce Knob, located in Pendleton County, is the highest point in the state and in the Alleghenies, its elevation being 4,863 feet. Parts of the Monongahela and George Washington National Forests are also located in Pendleton County.
Willow Bunch (provincial electoral district)
Willow Bunch is a former provincial electoral division for the Legislative Assembly of the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, centred on the Rural Municipality of Willow Bunch No. 42. This district was created before the 3rd Saskatchewan general election in 1912. The constituency was dissolved and combined with the Notukeu district (as Notukeu-Willow Bunch) before the 9th Saskatchewan general election in 1938.

It is now part of the Wood River constituency. A federal electoral district in the same area called "Willow Bunch" existed from 1924 until 1935.

1912 Saskatchewan general election
The 1912 Saskatchewan general election was held on July 11, 1912 to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan. Premier Walter Scott led the Liberal Party of Saskatchewan to a third term in office with a significant increase in the share of the popular vote. The opposition, now renamed from the Provincial Rights Party to the Conservative Party of Saskatchewan and led by Wellington Bartley Willoughby, lost both votes and seats in the legislature.
Wang Chen (volleyball)
Wang Chen (Chinese: 王琛; born November 16, 1987, in Shanxi) is a male Chinese volleyball player. He was one of the member of China men's national volleyball team in 2012. On the club level, he plays for Beijing Baic Motor.

2013 National Games of China
The 12th National Games of China were held in the northeastern province of Liaoning from 31 August to 12 September 2013. Liaoning was the sixth provincial level host of the games, following Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Jiangsu and Shandong. A total of 350 events in 31 sports were held at the games.
Park Building (Worcester, Massachusetts)
The Park Building is an historic building in Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.  Built in 1914, the 11 story structure was for many years one of Worcester's most prominent landmarks.  It has a steel frame, with an exterior that is dressed predominantly in limestone.  The first two floors have metal and plate glass store fronts, while the third floor has evenly spaced windows, separated by decorative limestone panels and topped by a cornice.  From the fourth to the ninth floors there is little decoration.  The top two floors have groups of windows separated by Tuscan columns, giving the appearance of a loggia.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.  As of 2016 it is an apartment building known as Park Plaza that is part of the Grid District, a commercial urban redevelopment project in downtown Worcester.

Loggia
In architecture, a loggia (/ˈloʊdʒ(i)ə/ LOH-j(ee-)ə, usually UK: /ˈlɒdʒ(i)ə/ LOJ-(ee-)ə, Italian: [ˈlɔddʒa]) is a covered exterior gallery or corridor, often on an upper level, sometimes on the ground level of a building. The corridor is open to the elements because its outer wall is only partial, with the upper part usually supported by a series of columns or arches.  An overhanging loggia may be supported by a baldresca.

From the early Middle Ages, nearly every Italian comune had an open arched loggia in its main square, which served as a "symbol of communal justice and government and as a stage for civic ceremony".

In Italian architecture, a loggia is also a small garden structure or house built on the roof of a residence, open on one or more sides, to enjoy cooling winds and the view. They were especially popular in the 17th century and are prominent in Rome and Bologna, Italy.
Spirit (Reckless Love album)
Spirit is the third album by Finnish glam metal band Reckless Love, released on 2 September 2013 through Spinefarm Records / Universal Music. The album peaked at No. 3 on Finland Albums Top 50 music chart.

Reckless Love
Reckless Love is a Finnish rock band formed in Kuopio in 2001. They released their debut album in 2010, which reached number 13 in the Finnish charts. In 2011, they released their second album Animal Attraction, which was in the top 10 of the Finnish charts. After the success of Animal Attraction, Reckless Love released their third album Spirit in 2013, which contained the two singles "Night on Fire" and "So Happy I Could Die". The 2016 album, InVader, (containing Keep It Up All Night and Monster) was released on 4 March 2016, on the opening night of their European tour with Santa Cruz. Their newest album, Turborider, was released on March 25, 2022. It contains a strong modern synthwave sound which is heard in featured songs; "Eyes of a Maniac" and "Future Lover Boy".
Eakes
Eakes is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bobbie Eakes (born 1961), American actress and singer

Martin Daniel Eakes (fl. from 1980), American businessman

Mike Eakes (1945–2005), American politician

Mike Eakes
Grady Michael Eakes (January 28, 1945 – August 11, 2005) was an American politician. A member of the Democratic Party, he served three times in the Mississippi House of Representatives. He died in 2005.
Leaving My Empire
Leaving My Empire is the fourth studio album from Irish alternative band Fred. The album was recorded in Montreal, Quebec, Canada by Howard Bilerman (who also worked with Arcade Fire). Additional recording for the album was done at Lovetap Studios in the band's native Cork. Mixing was done by Ben Hillier and the album was mastered by Andy Vandette at Masterdisk, New York. Additional recording instrumentation on the album was provided by Larissa O'Grady (strings) and Eamon Nolan (trumpet).

Howard Bilerman
Howard Bilerman (born September 25, 1970) is a Canadian musician, sound engineer, and record producer based in Montreal, Quebec. He co-owns the hotel2tango recording studio, and played drums for the band Arcade Fire.

Across his recording career, Bilerman has worked on albums by several prominent Canadian artists, including Godspeed You! Black Emperor, Wolf Parade, Leonard Cohen, Bell Orchestre, U.S. Girls and The Weather Station.
Eversonville, Missouri
Eversonville is an unincorporated community in western Linn County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

The community is on Missouri Route BB adjacent to the Linn-Livingston county line. Linneus is nine miles to the east-southeast.

Livingston County, Missouri
Livingston County is a county located in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,557. Its county seat is Chillicothe. The county was organized January 6, 1837, and named for U.S. Secretary of State Edward Livingston.
Narrow-gauge small locomotives of the Deutsche Reichsbahn
Steam traction was the predominant form of motive power used by the Deutsche Reichsbahn on its narrow-gauge railways. For certain duties diesel locomotives were also used, albeit these were usually second-hand or rebuilt engines.

Locomotives with a gauge of 750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in) were classified as Kö 6001ff. and 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) locomotives as Kö 6501ff.. From 1970 they were incorporated into Class 100 without regard to their gauge. This applied to all Kleinlokomotiven and they were given serial numbers from 901ff.. Due to the risk of confusion, in 1973 the narrow-gauge diesel locomotives were reclassified to 199. In addition, from 1992 they became DBAG Class 399; and once more the gauge was deducible from the serial number as follows: 1,000 mm = 399.1, 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in) = 399.6, 750 mm = 399.7.

2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways
Two foot and 600 mm gauge railways are narrow-gauge railways with track gauges of 2 ft (610 mm) and 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in), respectively. Railways with similar, less common track gauges, such as 1 ft 11+3⁄4 in (603 mm) and 1 ft 11+1⁄2 in (597 mm), are grouped with 2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways.
Leap year problem
The leap year problem (also known as the leap year bug or the leap day bug) is a problem for both digital (computer-related) and analog documentation and data storage situations which results from errors in the calculation of which years are leap years, or from manipulating dates without regard to the difference between leap years and common years.

Computer data storage
Computer data storage or digital data storage is the retention of digital data via technology consisting of computer components and recording media. Digital data storage is a core function and fundamental component of computers.: 15–16

Generally, the faster and volatile storage components are referred to as "memory", while slower persistent components are referred to as "storage". This distinction was extended in the Von Neumann architecture, where the central processing unit (CPU) consists of two main parts: The control unit and the arithmetic logic unit (ALU). The former controls the flow of data between the CPU and memory, while the latter performs arithmetic and logical operations on data. In practice, almost all computers use a memory hierarchy,: 468–473  which puts memory close to the CPU and storage further away.

In modern computers, hard disk drives (HDDs) or solid-state drives (SSDs) are usually used as storage.
National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections
National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections or NIRBI (also known as ICMR-NIRBI) previously known as National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases is an Indian medical institute that conducts research and develops prevention and treatment and control strategies related to enteric diseases and HIV/AIDS. The headquarter of  NIRBI is located at Kolkata, West Bengal. NIRBI is affiliated to Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research and financed by Indian Council of Medical Research.

Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
The Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) is an Indian institute of national importance, headquartered at the CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh. The institute was established for the purpose of granting doctoral and post-doctoral degrees.

The establishment of the academy allowed for a centralised institution to manage this research and was enabled by legislation of the Lok Sabha in 2010.  This same legislation labelled the Academy as an "Institute of National Importance".

The academy was established in 2010 by a resolution of the Government of India on 17 June 2010 and the Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research Act, 2011 notified on 3 April 2012, as an 'Institution of National Importance', with an aim of furtherance of advancement of learning and research in the fields of science and technology and their interfaces in association with Council of Scientific and Industrial Research.
Andrew Lewis (sailor)
Andrew Lewis (born 30 November 1989 in Port of Spain) is a Trinidadian sailor. He competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the Men's Laser class. He also competed in the same class at the 2011 Pan American Games, and the 2015 Pan American Games, the 2016 Summer Olympics, and the 2020 Summer Olympics.

Sailing at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Laser
The men's Laser was a sailing event on the Sailing at the 2012 Summer Olympics program in Weymouth and Portland National Sailing Academy. Eleven races (last one a medal race) were scheduled and completed. 49 sailors, on 49 boats, from 49 nations competed. Ten boats qualified for the medal race. For the medal race, the top ten boats qualified. Each position scored double points. All medal races were sailed on course area Nothe in front of Weymouth.
Bugajski
Bugajski (feminine: Bugajska; plural: Bugajscy) is a Polish-language surname associated with any of locations named Bugaj.  Notable people with this surname include:

Adam Bugajski (born 1974), Polish civil servant

Dariusz Bugajski (born 1970), Polish Navy officer, scholar and professor of public international maritime law

Janusz Bugajski (1954–2025), American advisor

Josh Bugajski (born 1990), British rower

Ryszard Bugajski (1943–2019), Polish filmmaker

Dariusz Bugajski
Dariusz Rafał Bugajski is a Polish Navy officer, scholar and professor of public international maritime law specializing in the law of the sea, law of naval operations, naval warfare, and international security, including climate challenges.
Emotion Review
Emotion Review is a peer-reviewed scholarly journal published by Sage Publications in association with the International Society for Research on Emotions (ISRE). The editor is W. Gerrod Parrott of Georgetown University.

It is indexed in the Social Sciences Citation Index, Journal Citation Reports, and Current Contents.

Social Sciences Citation Index
The Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) is a commercial citation index product of Clarivate Analytics. It was originally developed by the Institute for Scientific Information from the Science Citation Index. The Social Sciences Citation Index is a multidisciplinary index which indexes over 3,400 journals across 58 social science disciplines – 1985 to present, and it has 122 million cited references – 1900 to present.

It also includes a range of 3,500 selected items from some of the world's finest scientific and technical journals. It has a range of useful search functions such as 'cited reference searching', searching by author, subject, or title.

Whilst the Social Sciences Citation Index provides extensive support in bibliographic analytics and research, a number of academic scholars have expressed criticisms relating to ideological bias and its English-dominant publishing nature.
Adam Lawton
Adam Lawton (born 13 June 1993) is an English professional rugby league footballer who plays for the Widnes Vikings in the RFL Championship, as a prop or second-row.

He played for the Widnes Vikings in the Super League, and on loan from Widnes at the North Wales Crusaders in the Championship. Lawton has spent time on loan from Salford at the Rochdale Hornets and the Swinton Lions in the Betfred Championship.

Swinton Lions
The Swinton Lions are a professional rugby league club based in Swinton, Greater Manchester, England, which competes in the RFL Championship. The club has won the Championship six times and three Challenge Cups. Before 1996, the club was known simply as Swinton RLFC.
Corpus of Written Tatar
Corpus of Written Tatar (Tatar Corpus) is an electronic  corpus of the Tatar language, which has been made available online. This collection of Tatar texts in electronic form is intended for the use of those interested in the structure, present condition and prospects of the Tatar language. The Corpus of Written Tatar language is indispensable for everyone who wants to study Tatar by the methods of corpus linguistics. The website was opened on March 15, 2012, and is available in the Tatar, Russian and English languages.

Text corpus
In linguistics and natural language processing, a corpus (pl.: corpora) or text corpus is a dataset, consisting of  natively digital and older, digitalized, language resources, either annotated or unannotated. Annotated, they have been used in corpus linguistics for statistical hypothesis testing, checking occurrences or validating linguistic rules within a specific language territory.
Megan Frazee
Megan Frazee Leuzinger (born March 29, 1987) is an American professional basketball player. Frazee graduated from Liberty University and played briefly in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). She most recently played for Samsun of the Turkish Women's League, where she averaged 18.7 points and 7.4 rebounds per game. On April 11, 2018 she was named head coach of the Evangel University women's basketball team.

Evangel University
Evangel University is a private Christian university and seminary in Springfield, Missouri, United States. It is affiliated with the Assemblies of God Christian denomination, which is also headquartered in Springfield. The campus sits on 80 acres (32 hectares) that were originally part of O'Reilly General Hospital.
Ajoy Kumar
Ajoy Kumar is a former Indian Police Service (IPS) officer, who served in the 15th Lok Sabha as an MP for Jamshedpur. He is the AICC (All India Congress Committee) In-charge of 3 states namely Tripura Pradesh Congress Committee, Nagaland Pradesh Congress Committee, Odisha Pradesh Congress Committee and Sikkim Pradesh Congress Committee. He is a member of the CWC (Congress Working Committee). He is also the National Spokesperson of Indian National Congress. He was also the former President of Jharkhand Pradesh Congress Committee.

Indian Police Service
The Indian Police Service (IPS) is a civil service under the All India Services. It replaced the Indian Imperial Police in 1948, a year after India became independent from the British Empire.

Along with the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Forest Service (IFS), the IPS is part of the All India Services – its officers are employed by both the Union Government and by individual states governments.

The service provides leadership to various state and central police forces, including the Central Armed Police Forces (BSF, SSB, CRPF, CISF, and ITBP), the National Security Guard (NSG), Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB), National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), Intelligence Bureau (IB), Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), Special Protection Group (SPG), National Investigation Agency (NIA), and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).
Pontefract cake
Pontefract cakes (also known as Pomfret cakes and Pomfrey cakes) are a type of small, roughly circular black sweet. They measure approximately 0.75 in (19 mm) wide and 0.16 in (4 mm) thick, are made of liquorice and were originally manufactured in the West Yorkshire town of Pontefract, England.

Candy
Candy, also commonly called sweets, is a confection that features sugar as a principal ingredient. The category, also called sugar confectionery, encompasses any sweet confection, including chocolate, chewing gum, and sugar candy. Vegetables, fruit, or nuts which have been glazed and coated with sugar are said to be candied.

Physically, candy is characterized by the use of a significant amount of sugar or sugar substitutes. Unlike a cake or loaf of bread that would be shared among many people, candies are usually made in smaller pieces. However, the definition of candy also depends upon how people treat the food. Unlike sweet pastries served for a dessert course at the end of a meal, candies are normally eaten casually, often with the fingers, as a snack between meals. Each culture has its own ideas of what constitutes candy rather than dessert. The same food may be a candy in one culture and a dessert in another.
Ollis
Ollis is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bernard Ollis (born 1951), British-Australian artist

Ian Ollis (born 1970), South African politician

John Ollis (1839–1913), American politician

Michael Ollis (1988–2013), United States Army soldier and Medal of Honor recipient

Richard Ollis (born 1961), English cricketer

William Ollis (1871–1940), English footballer

William Ollis
William Ollis (12 August 1871 – May 1940) was an English professional footballer who played as a right half. Born in Bordesley Green, Birmingham, Ollis played 121 games in the Football Alliance and the Football League for Small Heath. He was part of the team which won the inaugural Second Division championship in 1892–93 and gained promotion to the First Division via the Test Match system the following season. He also played for Warwick County and Hereford Thistle. He died in Birmingham at the age of 68.
2024 Sungai Bakap by-election
The 2024 Sungai Bakap by-election was a by-election for the Penang State Legislative Assembly seat of Sungai Bakap that was held on 6 July 2024. It was called following the death of incumbent, Nor Zamri Latiff on 24 May 2024 due to gastritis. Nor Zamri has served as Member of the Penang State Legislative Assembly for Sungai Bakap since 2023. It is the first Penang state by-election since the 2023 Penang state election.

Abidin Ismail of Perikatan Nasional (PN) defeated Joohari Ariffin of Pakatan Harapan (PH) by a significantly increased majority of 4,267 votes compared to the one won by Nor Zamri in the 2023 state election.

Sungai Bakap (state constituency)
Sungai Bakap is a state constituency in Penang, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Penang State Legislative Assembly.

The state constituency was first contested in 1974 and is mandated to return a single Assemblyman to the Penang State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system. The seat has been represented by Abidin Ismail of Perikatan Nasional (PN) since 2024.