hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wyaga Homestead
Wyaga Homestead is a heritage-listed homestead at Millmerran Road, Wyaga near Goondiwindi, Goondiwindi Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built c. 1862. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 5 May 1995.

Goondiwindi Region
The Goondiwindi Region is a local government area located in the Darling Downs region of Queensland, Australia along the state's border with New South Wales. Established in 2008, it was preceded by three previous local government areas which dated back to the 19th century.

It has an estimated operating budget of A$26.1 million.

In the 2021 census, the Goondiwindi Region had a population of 10,310 people.
Bicyclo(2.2.1)heptane-2-carbonitrile
Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2-carbonitrile is an organic compound with the formula C7H11CN.  Two diastereomers exist, each of which is chiral.  All are colorless solids.  The mixture can be prepared by hydrocyanation of norbornene.

Norbornene
Norbornene or norbornylene or norcamphene is a highly strained bridged cyclic hydrocarbon. It is a white solid with a pungent sour odor. The molecule consists of a cyclohexene ring with a methylene bridge between carbons 3 and 6. The molecule carries a double bond which induces significant ring strain and significant reactivity.

The name comes from norbornane, from bornane.
Astrid Dövle Dollis Dahlgren
Astrid Døvle Dollis Dahlgren (born Astrid Døvle; nicknamed the "Scandinavian 'Mata Hari'"; 9 December 1899, Norway - 27 September 1981, Stockholm) was a Norwegian dentist and property dealer. After she became Swedish by marriage she worked for Nazi Germany during World War II.

Norwegian resistance movement
The Norwegian resistance (Norwegian: Motstandsbevegelsen) to the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany began after Operation Weserübung in 1940 and ended in 1945. It took several forms:

Asserting the legitimacy of the exiled government, and by implication the lack of legitimacy of Vidkun Quisling's pro-Nazi regime and Josef Terboven's military administration

The initial defence in Southern Norway, which was largely disorganised, but succeeded in allowing the government to escape capture

The more organised military defence and counter-attacks in parts of Western and Northern Norway, aimed at securing strategic positions and the evacuation of the government

Armed resistance, in the form of sabotage, commando raids, assassinations and other special operations during the occupation

Civil disobedience and unarmed resistance
Yajin
Yajin (simplified Chinese: 压襟; traditional Chinese: 壓襟; pinyin: Yājīn), also known as shijian er (Chinese: 事件儿; pinyin: Shìjiàn er), is a type of Chinese accessory which is placed at the lapels of Chinese clothing (robes and jackets); they would typically hanged down on the right side (sometimes at the front depending on the clothing closure) of the chest area in order to press on the clothing. The yajin appeared as early as the Tang dynasty and became popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties. There are various styles of yajin, including a dangling pendant-style (which is similar to jinbu or tassels in style) and a bracelet-style, known as shibazi (Chinese: 十八子; pinyin: Shíbāzi; lit. 'Eighteen sons'). Yajin can also be used as accessories on the cheongsam, where it is tied on the pankou knots.

Qipao
Qipao (/ˈtʃiːpaʊ/; Chinese: 旗袍; pinyin: qípáo; lit. 'banner gown'), also known as the Cheongsam (UK: /tʃ(i)ɒŋˈsæm/, US: /tʃɔːŋˈsɑːm/; simplified Chinese: 长衫; traditional Chinese: 長衫; pinyin: chángshān; lit. 'long shirt') or referred to as the mandarin gown, is a Chinese dress worn by women which takes inspiration from the qizhuang, the ethnic clothing of the Manchu people. The cheongsam is most often seen as a longer, figure-fitting, one piece garment with a standing collar, an asymmetric, left-over-right (youren) opening and two side slits, and embellished with Chinese frog fasteners on the lapel and the collar. It was developed in the 1910s-1920s and evolved in shapes and design over years. It was popular in China from the 1920s to the '60s, overlapping with the Republican era, and was popularized by Chinese socialites and high society women in Shanghai.
Victor airways
In the United States and Canada, Victor airways are low-altitude airways. They are defined in straight-line segments, each of which is based on a straight line between either two VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) stations, or a VOR and a VOR intersection, hence the beginning letter V (pronounced as Victor in the ICAO phonetic alphabet).

Height above ground level
In aviation, atmospheric sciences and broadcasting, a height above ground level (AGL or HAGL) is a height measured with respect to the underlying ground surface. This is as opposed to height above mean sea level (AMSL or HAMSL), height above ellipsoid (HAE, as reported by a GPS receiver), or height above average terrain (AAT or HAAT, in broadcast engineering). In other words, these expressions (AGL, AMSL, HAE, AAT) indicate where the "zero level" or "reference altitude" – the vertical datum – is located.
2010–11 KIJHL season
The 2010–11 KIJHL season was the 44th season of the Kootenay International Junior Hockey League. Eighteen teams played 52 games each during the regular season schedule, which started on September 10, 2010 and ended on February 12, 2011.

The playoffs began shortly after the regular season ended, and ended at the end April, with the Osoyoos Coyotes awarded the KIJHL Championship, and a berth in the 2011 Cyclone Taylor Cup, hosted by the Fernie Ghostriders in Fernie, British Columbia, at the Fernie Memorial Arena.

Fernie, British Columbia
Fernie is a city in the Elk Valley area of the East Kootenay region of southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located on BC Highway 3 on the western approaches to the Crowsnest Pass through the Rocky Mountains. Founded in 1898 and incorporated as the City of Fernie in July 1904, the municipality has a population of over 5,000 with an additional 2,000 outside city limits in communities under the jurisdiction of the Regional District of East Kootenay. A substantial seasonal population swells the city during the winter months.

Fernie lies on the Elk River, along Canada's southernmost east-west transportation corridor through the Rockies that crosses the range via the Crowsnest Pass, 40 kilometres (25 miles) to the east. As the largest and longest-established community between Cranbrook and Lethbridge, Fernie serves as a minor regional centre, particularly for its fellow Elk Valley communities.
Half-band filter
A half-band filter is a finite impulse response (FIR) low-pass filter that reduces the maximum bandwidth of sampled data by a factor of 2 (one octave).  When multiple octaves of reduction are needed, a cascade of half-band filters is common.  And when the goal is downsampling, each half-band filter needs to compute only half as many output samples as input samples. In digital signal processing, half-band filters are widely used for their efficiency in multi-rate applications.

It follows from the filter's definition that its transition region, or skirt, can be centered at frequency    where    is the input sample-rate.  That makes it possible to design a FIR filter whose every other coefficient is zero, and whose non-zero coefficients are symmetrical about the center of the impulse response.  (See Finite impulse response § Window design method)  Both of those properties can be used to improve efficiency of the implementation.

Sample-rate conversion
Sample-rate conversion, sampling-frequency conversion or resampling is the process of changing the sampling rate or sampling frequency of a discrete signal to obtain a new discrete representation of the underlying continuous signal. Application areas include image scaling and audio/visual systems, where different sampling rates may be used for engineering, economic, or historical reasons.

For example, Compact Disc Digital Audio and Digital Audio Tape systems use different sampling rates, and American television, European television, and movies all use different frame rates. Sample-rate conversion prevents changes in speed and pitch that would otherwise occur when transferring recorded material between such systems.

More specific types of resampling include: upsampling or upscaling; downsampling, downscaling, or decimation; and interpolation.
The term multi-rate digital signal processing is sometimes used to refer to systems that incorporate sample-rate conversion.
Calopteryx hyalina
Calopteryx hyalina is a species of broad-winged damselfly in the family Calopterygidae.

The IUCN conservation status of Calopteryx hyalina is "EN", endangered. The species faces a high risk of extinction in the near future. The population is decreasing. The IUCN status was reviewed in 2010.

Calopterygidae
Calopterygidae is a family of damselflies, in the suborder Zygoptera.
They are commonly known as the broad-winged damselflies, demoiselles, or jewelwings. These rather large damselflies have wingspans of 50–80 mm (compared to about 44 mm in the common bluetail damselfly, Ischnura elegans), are often metallic-coloured, and can be differentiated from other damselflies by the broader connection between the wings and the body, as opposed to the abrupt narrowing seen in other damselfly families. The family contains some 150 species.

The Calopterygidae are found on every continent except Antarctica. They live along rivers and streams.
Anumanthan Kumar
Anumanthan Mohan Kumar (born 14 July 1994), nicknamed Anu, is a Singaporean professional footballer who most recently played as a defensive-midfielder for Thai League 1 club Kanchanaburi Power and the Singapore national team. Mainly a defensive-midfielder, Anu also been deployed as a central-midfielder and centre-back.

2023 Singapore Cup
The 2023 Singapore Cup will be the 24th edition of the Singapore Cup, Singapore's annual premier club football knock-out tournament organised by the Football Association of Singapore.

Hougang United is the defending champions, having won the tournament in 2022 after defeating defending champions Tampines Rovers 3–2 in the final to win their inaugural Singapore Cup.
Visciano
Visciano is a municipality, that is on the edge of the Metropolitan City of Naples, on the border with the province of Avellino in Campania. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 4,607 and an area of 10.9 km2.

Visciano borders the following municipalities: Avella (AV), Baiano (AV), Casamarciano, Liveri, Marzano di Nola, Monteforte Irpino (AV), Mugnano del Cardinale (AV), Nola, Pago del Vallo di Lauro (AV), Sperone (AV), Taurano (AV).

Nola
Nola is a town and a municipality in the Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, southern Italy. It lies on the plain between Mount Vesuvius and the Apennines. It is traditionally credited as the diocese that introduced bells to Christian worship.
Boissons du Cameroun
Les Sociétés Anonymes des Brasseries du Cameroun (SABC or Groupe SABC) is a brewing company in Cameroon. Their offices and main factory are in Douala, with other breweries in Bafoussam, Douala, Garoua, and Yaoundé. Les Brasseries et Glacieres Internationales (BGI) owns a 75% share in the company, and Heineken owns 8.8%.

Douala
Douala is the largest city in Cameroon and its economic capital. It is also the capital of Cameroon's Littoral Region. It was home to Central Africa's largest port, now being replaced by Kribi port. It has the country's major international airport, Douala International Airport (DLA). It is the commercial and economic capital of Cameroon and the entire CEMAC region comprising Gabon, Congo, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Central African Republic and Cameroon. Consequently, it handles most of the country's major exports, such as oil, cocoa and coffee, timber, metals and fruits. As of 2025, the city and its surrounding area had an estimated population of 4,346,000, while the city proper had an estimated population of 3,816,500. The city sits on the estuary of Wouri River and its climate is tropical.
R (Carson) v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions and R (Carson & Reynolds) v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions
R (Carson) v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions and R (Carson & Reynolds) v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions were a series of civil action court cases seeking judicial review of the British government's policies under the Human Rights Act 1998. They related to the right to property (whether the state pension was a welfare benefit or akin to a private contract) under Article 1 of the First Protocol and prohibition of discrimination under Article 14 of the convention. The Reynolds case also considered Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), the right to respect for "private and family life", as well as Article 3 of the ECHR, the prohibition of torture, and "inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment".

Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights
Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights provides a right to respect for one's "private and family life, his home and his correspondence", subject to certain restrictions that are "in accordance with law" and "necessary in a democratic society". The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) (formally the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms) is an international treaty to protect human rights and fundamental freedoms in Europe.
Fighting Mad (1939 film)
Fighting Mad is a 1939 American adventure film directed by Sam Newfield and written by George Rosener and John Rathmell. It is based on the 1927 novel Renfrew Rides Again by Laurie York Erskine. The third of the Renfrew of the Royal Mounted film series stars James Newill, Sally Blane, Benny Rubin, Dave O'Brien, Milburn Stone and Walter Long. The film was released on November 5, 1939, by Monogram Pictures when Grand National Pictures ceased operation.

Monogram Pictures
Monogram Pictures Corporation was an American film studio that produced mostly low-budget films between 1931 and 1953, when the firm completed a transition to the name Allied Artists Pictures Corporation. Monogram was among the minor studios in the golden age of Hollywood, generally referred to collectively as Poverty Row. Of the 11 permanent studios in Hollywood at the time, ranked in order of size, MGM was #1 -- and Monogram was #10 (the only one smaller was PRC).

The Monogram trademark is now owned by Allied Artists International. The original sprawling brick complex which functioned as home to both Monogram and Allied Artists remains at 4376 W Sunset Blvd, as part of the Church of Scientology Media Center (formerly KCET's television facilities).
Hyères
Hyères (French pronunciation: [jɛʁ] ⓘ), Provençal Occitan: Ieras in classical norm, or Iero in Mistralian norm) is a commune in the Var department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.

The old town lies 4 km (2.5 mi) from the sea clustered around the Castle of Saint Bernard, which is set on a hill. Between the old town and the sea lies the pine-covered hill of Costebelle, which overlooks the peninsula of Giens. Hyères is the oldest resort on the French Riviera.

Porquerolles
43°00′N 6°13′E﻿ / ﻿43.000°N 6.217°E﻿ / 43.000; 6.217
Porquerolles (French pronunciation: [pɔʁkəʁɔl]; Occitan: Porcairòlas), also known as the Île de Porquerolles, is an island in the Îles d'Hyères, Var, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France. Its land area is 1,254 hectares (12.54 km2; 4.84 sq mi) and in 2004, its population was about 200.

Porquerolles is the largest and most westerly of the Îles d'Hyères, about 7 km (4.3 miles) long by 3 km (1.9 miles) wide, with five small ranges of hills. The south coast is lined with cliffs, and on the north coast are the port and the beaches of Notre Dame, La Courtade and Plage d'Argent.
Škoda Rapid (India)
The Škoda Rapid is a subcompact sedan car produced by Czech manufacturer Škoda Auto exclusively for the Indian market, introduced in November 2011 and manufactured until 2021.

The "Rapid" name was previously used in the 1930s for the Rapid (Type 901) and in the 1980s for the rear-engine Rapid coupé, and was also used for a larger sedan and hatchback for the European and Chinese market.

Škoda Rapid (1935–1947)
The Škoda Rapid is a mid-size car that was made in Czechoslovakia by Škoda from 1935 to 1947. Škoda had first applied the "Rapid" name to a version of its 1195 cc Popular Type 920 made in 1934–1935. From 1935, however, it transferred the name to a new, larger model.

The Rapid Type 901 has a 1386 cc sidevalve engine and was built 1935–1938. It was succeeded by the Rapid OHV (Type 922) which has a 1558 cc overhead valve engine and was built 1938–1947.

There was a six-cylinder sister model, the Škoda Rapid Six (Type 910), with a 1961 cc engine, which was launched in 1935.

In 1984 Škoda revived the "Rapid" name for the Rapid version of the Škoda Type 742 (120/130). Since 2010, the company has also used the name on a succession of models built in its factory at Pune in India.
Ali-Qoli Khan Qajar
Ali-Qoli Khan Qajar (c. 1756–1824; Persian: علی‌قلی‌خان قاجار) was a son of Mohammad Hasan Khan Qajar (d. 1759) and half-brother of Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar (r. 1789–1797), the founder of the Qajar dynasty of Iran. Unlike Agha Mohammad Khan's full brothers, Ali-Qoli Khan served loyally from the outset and supported, for around twenty years (with brief intervals), Agha Mohammad Khan's conquest for control over all of Iran. Following Agha Mohammad Khan's assassination in 1797, he unsuccessfully tried to claim himself as his brother's rightful successor. Ali-Qoli Khan was eventually blinded and exiled by his nephew Baba Khan, who would ascend the Iranian throne as Fath-Ali Shah Qajar (r. 1797–1834).

Abbas Amanat
Abbas Amanat (Persian: عباس امانت; born November 14, 1947) is an Iranian-born American historian, scholar, author, editor, and university professor. He serves as the William Graham Sumner Professor of History Emeritus at Yale University and Director of the Yale Program in Iranian Studies.
Crates Bay
Crates Bay (Bulgarian: залив Кратес, ‘Zaliv Krates’ \'za-liv 'kra-tes\) is the 8 km wide bay indenting for 6 km the northeast coast of Stresher Peninsula, Graham Coast on the Antarctic Peninsula.  It is part of Holtedahl Bay, entered southeast of Starmen Point and northwest of the headland formed by Lens Peak.  Conway Island lies in the central part of the bay.  Crates Bay was formed as a result of glacier retreat during the last three decades of the 20th century.

The feature is named after the Greek philosopher Crates of Mallus (2nd century BC) who placed the southern polar land envisaged by Aristotle as two areas on the earliest globe representing the Earth.

Graham Coast
Graham Coast is the portion of the west coast of Graham Land in Antarctic Peninsula, extending 172 km between Cape Bellue to the southwest and Cape Renard to the northeast.

The coast is named after Sir James Graham, First Lord of the Admiralty during the early exploration of the area by John Biscoe.
Quartz Mountain
Quartz Mountain (also called Baldy Point) is located in Greer County in southwest Oklahoma. It is the namesake of Quartz Mountain Nature Park and the park boundaries enclose its eastern flank. It is near the cities of Mangum, Oklahoma and Altus, Oklahoma. The park is open to the public year-round for rock climbing, hiking, boating, camping, nature observation and photography, and environmental education and interpretation.  The mountain overlooks scenic Lake Altus-Lugert.

Igneous rock
Igneous rock (igneous from Latin  igneus 'fiery'), or magmatic rock, is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic. Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.

The magma can be derived from partial melts of existing rocks in a terrestrial planet's mantle or crust. Typically, the melting is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in composition. Solidification into rock occurs either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks. Igneous rock may form with crystallization to form granular, crystalline rocks, or without crystallization to form natural glasses.

Igneous rocks occur in a wide range of geological settings: shields, platforms, orogens, basins, large igneous provinces, extended crust and oceanic crust.
Center for Retirement Research at Boston College
The Center for Retirement Research at Boston College (CRR) was founded in 1998 by Alicia Munnell through a grant from the U.S. Social Security Administration. The center is a non-profit research institute, affiliated with the Carroll School of Management at Boston College. All of the CRR's research and publications are available to the public on its website.

The center sponsors multiple research projects and disseminates the findings, trains new scholars, and provides access to data on retirement.

Boston College Carroll School of Management
The Boston College Carroll School of Management (CSOM) is the business school of Boston College in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts.

Established in 1938, the Carroll School offers Bachelor of Science, Master of Business Administration (MBA), and Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degrees, in addition to Master of Science degrees in both finance and accounting, along with joint degree programs with Boston College's other schools.
2018–19 Biathlon World Cup – Overall Women
In the women's 2018–19 Biathlon World Cup total score, for each participating athlete the points earned in all Individual, Sprint, Pursuit and Mass start competitions held during the season are added up with the two lowest scores subtracted at the end of the season to give that athlete's final score. This includes the results from the Biathlon World Championships 2019 (held between the World Cup stages in Salt Lake City and Oslo).

2018–19 Biathlon World Cup
The 2018–19 Biathlon World Cup (BWC) was a multi-race series over a season of biathlon, organised by the International Biathlon Union. The season started on 2 December 2018 in Pokljuka, Slovenia and ended on 24 March 2019 in Oslo Holmenkollen, Norway. The defending overall champions from the 2017–18 Biathlon World Cup were Martin Fourcade of France and Kaisa Mäkäräinen of Finland.
Lycée Edmond Perrier
The Lycée Edmond Perrier (Edmond Perrier high school) is a general and technical secondary education institution, located in Tulle, Correze. It is dedicated to zoologist Edmond Perrier, born in Tulle in 1844. It was built by Anatole de Baudot, and has many similarities with the Lycée Lakanal, due to the same architect. His motto is "Sint rupes virtutis iter", identical to that of Tulle which means "The difficulties are the path of virtue".

Corrèze
Corrèze (French pronunciation: [kɔʁɛz] ⓘ; Occitan: Corresa) is a department in France, named after the river Corrèze which runs through it. Although its prefecture is Tulle, its most populated city is Brive-la-Gaillarde. Corrèze is located in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, on the border with Occitania and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes.

In 2019, Corrèze had a population of 240,073, divided among 279 communes. Its inhabitants are called Corréziens (masculine) and Corréziennes (feminine). Its INSEE and postal code is 19.
Tarfala Valley
Tarfala Valley (Swedish: Tarfaladalen or Tarfalavagge, Northern Sami: Darfalvággi) is a valley in Kiruna Municipality, Sweden. Several glaciers flow into the valley and glaciological research has been conducted since 1946 at the Tarfala scientific station.

Kiruna Municipality
Kiruna Municipality (Swedish: Kiruna kommun; Northern Sami: Giron gielda; Meänkieli: Kierunan kunta; Finnish: Kiirunan kunta) is a municipality in Norrbotten County in northernmost Sweden. Its seat is located in Kiruna. It is the northernmost municipality in Sweden, and at 20,715 square kilometres (7,998 sq mi) is Sweden's geographically largest covering roughly 4.604% of its total area. Finnish, Meänkieli and Sami have the official status of being minority languages in the municipality.