hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tarynaspis
Tarynaspis is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the early part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

Cambrian Stage 4
Cambrian Stage 4 is the still unnamed fourth stage of the Cambrian and the upper stage of Cambrian Series 2. It follows Cambrian Stage 3 and lies below the Wuliuan. The lower boundary has not been formally defined by the International Commission on Stratigraphy. One proposal is the first appearance of two trilobite genera, Olenellus or Redlichia. Another proposal is the first appearance of the trilobite species Arthricocephalus chauveaui. Both proposals will set the lower boundary close to 514.5 million years ago. The upper boundary corresponds to the beginning of the Wuliuan.
Yeldos Smetov
Eldos Baqtybiaūly Smetov (Kazakh: Елдос Бақтыбайұлы Сметов; born 9 September 1992) is a Kazakh judoka and Olympic champion in 2024 in the under 60 kg weight category. He won gold medals at the 2014 Asian Games the 2015 World Championships, the 2016 Asian Championships, a silver medal at the 2016 Olympics, a bronze medal at the 2020 Olympics in Tokyo and a gold medal at the 2024 Olympics in Paris.

In the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, Smetov defeated Luka Mkheidze in the final and won the gold medal, becoming the first ever judoka from Kazakhstan and central asia to win a gold medal.

Smetov also secured gold and bronze medals at the World Juniors Championships in 2010 and 2011, respectively. He joined the adult national team in 2012 and won a bronze at the 2013 Asian Championships in Bangkok, a silver at a Grand Prix stage in Samsun 2013 – a stage of the European Cup in Tbilisi, and gold at an open European Cup in Warsaw. His first coach was Akhmet Zhumagulov.

World Judo Juniors Championships
The World Judo Juniors Championships are the highest level of international judo competition for juniors, 20until 2012/21since 2013 years of age or less. The championships are held once every year (except the years when the Olympics take place) by the International Judo Federation, and qualified judoka compete in their respective categories as representatives of their home countries. The World Juniors Championships are the only junior event awarding ranking points for the seniors world ranking list. The last edition of the championships took place in Lima, Peru in 2025.
Pen-y-crug
Pen-y-crug is a hill in the Brecon Beacons National Park in the county of Powys, south Wales. It is commonly referred to locally as simply 'The Crug' (pronounced cree-g). The Welsh name signifies 'top of the mound'. It slopes are moderately gently on three sides; only to the west do they steepen somewhat. Its flat trig point adorned summit at 331m overlooks the valley of the River Usk to the south. To the southeast are panoramic views over Brecon whilst eastwards are the Black Mountains and south the Brecon Beacons.

River Usk
The River Usk (/ʌsk/; Welsh: Afon Wysg) rises on the northern slopes of the Black Mountain (y Mynydd Du), Wales, in the westernmost part of the Brecon Beacons National Park. Initially forming the boundary between Carmarthenshire and Powys, it flows north into Usk Reservoir, then east through Sennybridge to Brecon before turning southeast to flow by Talybont-on-Usk, Crickhowell and Abergavenny, after which it takes a more southerly course.

Beyond the eponymous town of Usk, it passes the Roman legionary fortress of Caerleon to flow through the heart of the city of Newport and into the Severn Estuary at Uskmouth near the Newport Wetlands. The river is about 125 kilometres (78 miles) long and drains a basin of 1160 km2. According to the Encyclopaedia of Wales (which gives a figure of 137 km (85 mi)), the river is the longest to flow wholly within Wales.

The Monmouthshire and Brecon Canal follows the Usk for most of the length of the canal.
Land and Freedom (film)
Land and Freedom (or Tierra y Libertad) is a 1995 film directed by Ken Loach and written by Jim Allen. The film narrates the story of David Carr, an unemployed worker and member of the Communist Party of Great Britain, who decides to fight in the Spanish Civil War for the republicans against a nationalist coup d'état. The film won the FIPRESCI International Critics Prize and the Prize of the Ecumenical Jury at the 1995 Cannes Film Festival. The film was also nominated for the Palme d'Or at Cannes.

Republican faction (Spanish Civil War)
The Republican faction (Spanish: Bando republicano), also known as the Loyalist faction (Bando leal) or the Government faction (Bando gubernamental), was the side in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939 that supported the government of the Second Spanish Republic against the Nationalist faction of the military rebellion. The name Republicans (republicanos) was mainly used by its members and supporters, while its opponents used the term Rojos (Reds) to refer to this faction due to its left-leaning ideology, including communist and anarchist groups, and the support it received from the Soviet Union.
At the beginning of the war, the Republicans outnumbered the Nationalists by ten-to-one, but by January 1937 that advantage had dropped to four-to-one.
Bill Simmons
William John Simmons III (born September 25, 1969) is an American podcaster, sportswriter, and cultural critic who is the founder and CEO of the sports and pop culture website The Ringer. Simmons first gained attention with his website as "The Boston Sports Guy" and was recruited by ESPN in 2001, where he eventually operated the website Grantland and worked until 2015. At ESPN, he wrote for ESPN.com, hosted his own podcast on ESPN.com titled The B.S. Report and was an analyst for two years on NBA Countdown.

Simmons founded The Ringer, a sports and pop culture website and podcast network, in 2016 and is its CEO. 
He hosted Any Given Wednesday with Bill Simmons on HBO for one season in 2016.  At The Ringer, he hosts The Bill Simmons Podcast.

Ray Rice
Raynell Mourice Rice (born January 22, 1987) is an American former professional football running back who played in the National Football League (NFL) for six seasons with the Baltimore Ravens. He played college football for the Rutgers Scarlet Knights, earning first-team All-American honors in 2007, and was selected by the Ravens in the second round of the 2008 NFL draft. During his career, Rice was named to three Pro Bowls and was a member of the team that won Super Bowl XLVII. He is second in franchise rushing yards, rushing attempts, and rushing touchdowns, and he is third in the franchise in combined touchdowns.

During the 2014 offseason, a video surfaced of Rice physically attacking his fiancée. After being indicted for aggravated assault, Rice was released by the Ravens and suspended indefinitely by the NFL. Although Rice successfully appealed the indefinite suspension, the incident effectively ended his professional career, as no teams signed him in free agency.
Nasirli Muzaffar
Nasirli Muzaffar (Talysh, Azerbaijani: Nəsirli Muzəffər, 1902–1944) was a Talysh poet, folklorist, linguist, teacher and journalist, a prominent figure in the Talysh national cultural revival in the 1930s.

Talysh people
The Talysh people (Talysh: Tolışon, تالشان) or Talyshis, Talyshes, Talyshs, Talishis, Talishes, Talishs, Talesh are an Iranian ethnic group, with the majority residing in Azerbaijan and a minority in Iran. They are the indigenous people of the Talish, a region on the western shore of the Caspian Sea shared between Azerbaijan and Iran. The main city of the Talysh people and their homeland is Lankaran, the majority of the population of which is ethnically Talysh. They speak the Talysh language, closely related to Tati and Zaza languages and is one of the Northwestern Iranian languages. The majority of Talyshis in Azerbaijan are Shiite Muslims, and predominantly Sunni in Iran.

The Talysh people are famous for their longevity and centenarianism.
Atlantis (franchise)
Atlantis is a media franchise owned by The Walt Disney Company that began in 2001 with the release of the film Atlantis: The Lost Empire, directed by Gary Trousdale and Kirk Wise from a screenplay by Tab Murphy and produced by Don Hahn. The film was based on the legend of Atlantis, first described in the works Timaeus and Critias by the ancient Greek philosopher Plato.

The franchise consists of two animated films, Atlantis: The Lost Empire (2001) and Atlantis: Milo's Return (2003), as well as several video games based on the first film.

Timaeus (dialogue)
Timaeus (/taɪˈmiːəs/; Ancient Greek: Τίμαιος, romanized: Timaios, pronounced [tǐːmai̯os]) is one of Plato's dialogues, mostly in the form of long monologues given by Critias and Timaeus, written c. 360 BC. The work puts forward reasoning on the possible nature of the physical world and human beings and is followed by the dialogue Critias.

Participants in the dialogue include Socrates, Timaeus, Hermocrates, and Critias. Some scholars believe that it is not the Critias of the Thirty Tyrants who appears in this dialogue, but his grandfather, also named Critias. At the beginning of the dialogue, the absence of another, unknown dialogue participant, present on the day before, is bemoaned. It has been suggested from some traditions—Diogenes Laertius (VIII 85) from Hermippus of Smyrna (3rd century BC) and Timon of Phlius (c. 320 – c. 235 BC)—that Timaeus was influenced by a book about Pythagoras, written by Philolaus, although this assertion is generally considered false.
Elma Pazar
Elmaziye Pazar (born 7 July 1992) is an English television personality. After appearing on the fifth series of Love Island in 2019, she became a regular cast member on the ITVBe reality series The Only Way Is Essex in 2022. In 2025, she appeared on the second series of Love Island: All Stars.

ITVBe
ITVBe was a British free-to-air television channel owned by ITV plc. Launched on 8 October 2014, the channel was positioned as a spin-off of ITV2 targeting a female audience, focusing primarily upon reality and lifestyle programmes.

In April 2025, ITV announced that ITVBe would close and be replaced by ITV Quiz. ITVBe closed on 9 June 2025, and ITV Quiz launched the same day.
Snaring Mountain
Snaring Mountain is the highest mountain in the Victoria Cross Ranges of Alberta, Canada. The peak was named for a local Indian tribe who used snares to trap small animals; the name became official in 1934.

Trapping
Animal trapping, or simply trapping or ginning, is the use of a device to remotely catch and often kill an animal. Animals may be trapped for a variety of purposes, including for meat, fur/feathers, sport hunting, pest control, and wildlife management.

Among trapping methods, some are considered relatively humane while others are seen as excessively cruel. Laws in the European Union and many U.S. states ban inhumane traps such as foothold traps, and instead promote body-grip traps, which kill animals quickly and are therefore regarded as more humane. All traps, whether for capture or killing, must be checked at least every 24 hours, and humane guidelines recommend more frequent checks and, where possible, the use of monitoring devices that alert when a trap is triggered. Because improper trapping can cause severe animal suffering and pose risks to pets, wildlife, and humans, specialized certification programs train professionals in humane and safe pest management.
Loch Tarsan
Loch Tarsan is a freshwater loch and impounding reservoir located 13 kilometres northwest of Dunoon,  Argyll and Bute, Scotland.  This three-armed Reservoir extends into both Glen Tarsan and Glen Lean. It supplies water to the Striven Hydro-Electric Scheme (also known as the Cowal Hydro-Electric Power Scheme). The larger of the two dams is 17.6 metres high and was completed in 1953.  The water that is collected in the loch is piped to the hydro-electric generating station, located at Ardtaraig, at the head of Loch Striven.

Angling on the loch is managed by Dunoon and District Angling Club.

The B836 road passes the loch.

Argyll and Bute
Argyll and Bute (Scots: Argyll an Buit; Scottish Gaelic: Earra-Ghàidheal agus Bòd, pronounced [ɛrˠəˈɣɛːəl̪ˠ akəs̪ ˈpɔːtʲ]) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland and a lieutenancy area. The current lord-lieutenant for Argyll and Bute is Jane Margaret MacLeod (14 July 2020). The administrative centre for the council area is in Lochgilphead at Kilmory Castle, a 19th-century Gothic Revival building and estate. The current council leader is Councillor Jim Lynch.

Argyll and Bute covers the second-largest administrative area of any Scottish council. The council area adjoins those of Highland, Perth and Kinross, Stirling and West Dunbartonshire.
2005 Slovak Cup final
The 2005 Slovak Cup final was the final match of the 2004–05 Slovak Cup, the 36th season of the top cup competition in Slovak football. The match was played at the Štadión pod Zoborom in Nitra on 8 May 2005 between FK Dukla Banská Bystrica and FC Artmedia Petržalka. Dukla Banská Bystrica defeated Artmedia 2-1.

Štadión pod Zoborom
Štadión pod Zoborom is a multi-use stadium in Nitra, Slovakia.  It is used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of FC Nitra. The capacity is 7.480. Since 2023, it also serves as the home ground for American football team Nitra Knights.
Secretary of the Air Force Distinguished Public Service Award
The Department of the Air Force Commander's Public Service Award is the highest level award granted by the Secretary of the Air Force to a non-employee civilian. It consists of a cased medal, ribbon, mess dress or miniature medal, lapel button, and a citation certificate.

The award was created in 2006 following the creation of the Commander's Award for Public Service to further supplement the U.S. Department of the Air Force's awards for non-employees.

The medal is gold in color and suspended on a ribbon which is largely dark blue with symmetrical stripes in light blue, yellow, and white.

Ribbon
A ribbon or riband is a thin band of material, typically cloth but also plastic or sometimes metal, used primarily as decorative binding and tying. Cloth ribbons are made of natural materials such as silk, cotton, and jute and of synthetic materials, such as polyester, nylon, and polypropylene. Ribbon is used for useful, ornamental, and symbolic purposes. Cultures around the world use ribbon in their hair, around the body, and as ornament on non-human animals, buildings, and packaging. Some popular fabrics used to make ribbons are satin, organza, sheer, silk, velvet, and grosgrain.
Farm acreage base
In United States agricultural policy, Farm acreage base referred to the total of the crop acreage bases (wheat, feed grains, cotton, and rice) for a farm for a year, the average acreage planted to soybeans and other non-program crops, and the average acreage devoted to conserving uses (excluding Acreage Reduction Program land)
The 1996 farm bill (P.L. 104-127) and the 2002 farm bill (P.L. 107-121) eliminate the need to calculate a farm acreage base.

Acreage Reduction Program
In the United States, the Acreage Reduction Program (ARP) is a no-longer-authorized annual cropland retirement program for wheat, feed grains, cotton, or rice in which farmers participating in the commodity programs (in order to be eligible for nonrecourse loans and deficiency payments) were mandated to idle a crop-specific, nationally set portion of their base acreage during years of surplus.  The idled acreage (called the acreage conservation reserve) was devoted to a conserving use.  The goal was to reduce supplies, thereby raising market prices. Additionally, idled acres did not earn deficiency payments, thus reducing commodity program costs.  ARP was criticized for diminishing the U.S. competitive position in export markets.  The 1996 farm bill (P.L. 104–127) did not reauthorize ARPs.  ARP differed from a set-aside program in that under a set-aside program reductions were based upon current year plantings, and did not require farmers to reduce their plantings of a specific crop.
Three-toed skink
The three-toed skink can refer to several animals, all of the family Scincidae:

Algerian three-toed skink (Chalcides mertensi)

Italian three-toed skink (Chalcides chalcides)

Moroccan three-toed skink (Chalcides pseudostriatus)

Three-toed earless skink (Hemiergis decresiensis)

Three-toed snake-tooth skink (Coeranoscincus reticulatus)

Western three-toed skink (Chalcides striatus)

Yellow-bellied three-toed skink (the genus Saiphos)

Algerian three-toed skink
The Algerian three-toed skink (Chalcides mertensi) is a species of "grass-swimming skink", a lizard in the subfamily Scincinae of the family Scincidae. The species has an elongated serpentine shape and reduced limbs. It is native to north-western Africa.
Colin Graves
Colin James Graves CBE (born 22 January 1948) is a British entrepreneur and the chair of Yorkshire County Cricket Club.

Graves founded the Costcutter chain of convenience stores, before becoming chairman of the ECB.

Chain store
A chain store or retail chain is a retail outlet in which several locations share a brand, central management, and standardized business practices. They have come to dominate many retail markets, dining markets, and service categories in many parts of the world. A franchised retail establishment is one form of a chain store.  In 2005, the world's largest retail chain, Walmart, became the world's largest corporation based on gross sales.
Rob Reekers
Robert Reekers (born 7 May 1966) is a Dutch retired footballer who played in the Netherlands for FC Twente and in Germany for ASC Schöppingen, VfL Bochum and FC Gütersloh. He earned four caps for the Netherlands national side between 1988 and 1989. After retiring as a player in 2000, Reekers has managed Rot-Weiß Oberhausen, FC Gütersloh and SuS Stadtlohn.

Reekers worked by the end of June 2009 to June 2012 as Assistant coach of Jos Luhukay at FC Augsburg. For the 2012–13 season, he moved with him to Hertha BSC.

Reekers is one of a small number of Dutch footballers to be selected for the Netherlands national team while never having played in the Dutch Eredivisie. The other capped players are Jordi Cruyff, Jerrel Hasselbaink, Willi Lippens, Wim Hofkens, Nathan Aké, Timothy Fosu-Mensah and Javairô Dilrosun.

Rot-Weiß Oberhausen
Rot-Weiß Oberhausen is a German association football club in Oberhausen, North Rhine-Westphalia. The club was formed as Oberhausener SV in December 1904 out of the merger of Emschertaler SV (1902) and the football enthusiasts of Oberhausener TV 1873. The new side entered into a union with Viktoria Styrum BV to create SpVgg 1904 Oberhausen-Styrum, but within six months a number of the club's members left to form 1. FC Mülheim-Styrum. The remaining club members carried on and in 1934 took on their current name.
Julius Tröger
Julius Tröger (10 October 1862 – 29 July 1942) was a German chemist.

Tröger studied at the University of Leipzig from 1882 till 1888.
During his Ph.D. he synthesized in 1887 2,8-dimethyl-6H,12H-5,11-methanodibenzo-[b,f][1,5]diazocine from p-toluidine and formaldehyde.  This substance is now known as the Tröger's base.
Because he was not able to give a structure of the new compound  Johannes Wislicenus, the new director of the department, assigned a mediocre grade for Trögers thesis.
It took another 48 years to confirm the structure of Tröger's base.
In 1888 he started working at the Braunschweig University of Technology where he stayed until his retirement in 1928.  Tröger died in Brunswick.

TU Braunschweig
TU Braunschweig (German: Technische Universität Braunschweig) is the oldest technical university in Germany. It was founded in 1745 as Collegium Carolinum. It is a member of TU9, an incorporated society of the most renowned German institutes of technology. It is commonly ranked among the top engineering universities in Germany.

TU Braunschweig's research profile is very interdisciplinary, but with a focus on aeronautics, vehicle engineering including autonomous driving and electric mobility, manufacturing, life sciences, and metrology. Research is conducted in close collaboration with external organizations such as the German Aerospace Center (DLR), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, several Fraunhofer Institutes, and Germany's national metrology institute (Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, PTB), among many others. As one of very few research institutions of its type in the world, the university has its own research airport.
Çumra railway station
Çumra station is a station in Çumra, Turkey, on the Konya-Yenice railway. It is serviced by the Taurus Express and the Konya-Karaman Regional, which also serves as a connecting train to Karaman for YHT trains  terminating in Konya. The station was opened on 25 October 1904 by the Baghdad Railway.

Çumra station is 44.2 km (27.5 mi) southeast of Konya station and 324.8 km (201.8 mi) northwest of Adana station.

Adana railway station
Adana station (Turkish: Adana garı) is a railway station in Adana and the major railway hub of the region. The station is located at the İstasyon Square, in Kurtuluş, Seyhan.

The Central Station is steps away from the Vilayet Metro station and the Adana Provincial Hall. It surrounds the İstasyon Square together with the Central Post Office, Türk Telekom and TCDD Regional Headquarters.
Optic disc drusen
Optic disc drusen (ODD)  are globules of mucoproteins and mucopolysaccharides that progressively calcify in the optic disc. They are thought to be the remnants of the axonal transport system of degenerated retinal ganglion cells.
ODD have also been referred to as congenitally elevated or anomalous discs, pseudopapilledema, pseudoneuritis, buried disc drusen, and disc hyaline bodies.

Mucoprotein
A mucoprotein is a glycoprotein composed primarily of mucopolysaccharides. Mucoproteins can be found throughout the body, including the gastrointestinal tract, reproductive organs, airways, and the synovial fluid of the knees. They are called mucoproteins because the carbohydrate quantity is more than 4% unlike glycoproteins where the carbohydrate quantity is less than 4%. Mucoprotein is produced in the cecum of the gastrointestinal tract. During gallbladder cancer, mucoprotein is over expressed. Sustaining a brain injury will lead to decreased mucoprotein production. The result is an alteration of gut microbiota as seen in mice.
Garbnik, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Garbnik [ˈɡarbnik] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Barciany, within Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.

Kętrzyn County
Kętrzyn County (Polish: powiat kętrzyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kętrzyn (former Rastembork), which lies 88 kilometres (55 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The county also contains the towns of Reszel, lying 16 km (10 mi) west of Kętrzyn, and Korsze, 19 km (12 mi) north-west of Kętrzyn.

The county covers an area of 1,212.97 square kilometres (468.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 66,165, out of which the population of Kętrzyn is 28,000, that of Reszel is 5,098, that of Korsze is 4,632, and the rural population is 28,435.
Kafrmid
Kafrmid (Arabic: كفرميد)  is a Syrian village located in Muhambal Nahiyah in Ariha District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Kafrmid had a population of 593 in the 2004 census.

Idlib Governorate
Idlib Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة ادلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Idlib) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in northwestern Syria, bordering Turkey's Hatay province to the north, Aleppo Governorate to the east, Hama Governorate to the south, and Latakia Governorate to the west. Reports of its area vary, depending on the source, from 5,933 square kilometres (2,291 sq mi)2 to 6,097 square kilometres (2,354 sq mi)2. The provincial capital is Idlib.