hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Spume Island
Spume Island is a small, low, rocky island lying 2.4 km (1.5 mi) southwest of Bonaparte Point, off the southwest coast of Anvers Island in the Palmer Archipelago of Antarctica. It is located at 64°48′S 64°07′W﻿ / ﻿64.800°S 64.117°W﻿ / -64.800; -64.117. Spume Island was surveyed by the British Naval Hydrographic Survey Unit, 1956–1957. Spume Island was named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-names Committee (UK-APC) because heavy seas break over the island in a gale; spume is blown over it.

Palmer Archipelago
Palmer Archipelago, also known as Antarctic Archipelago, Archipiélago Palmer, Antarktiske Arkipel or Palmer Inseln, is a group of islands off the northwestern coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. It extends from Tower Island in the north to Anvers Island in the south. It is separated by the Gerlache and Bismarck straits from the Antarctic Peninsula and Wilhelm Archipelago, respectively. The archipelago is in the British, Chilean, and Argentine Claims.

Palmer Archipelago is located at 64°15′S 62°50′W﻿ / ﻿64.250°S 62.833°W﻿ / -64.250; -62.833.
Ross Thorne
Ross Thorne is a former Australian professional squash player.

Thorne was born on 7 November 1957, and lived in Queensland. He married Rhonda Shapland, who was crowned  women's world champion in 1981.

Thorne achieved his highest world ranking of number four in August 1986, and represented Australia in the 1979, 1981, 1983 & 1985 World Team Squash Championships, finishing runners-up in 1981.

Thorne was named the player-manager of the Australian team during the 1987 Men's World Team Squash Championships.

1981 Women's World Open Squash Championship
The 1981 Women's World Open Squash Championship was the women's edition of the 1981 World Open, which serves as the individual world championship for squash players. The event took place in Toronto in Canada during October 1981. Rhonda Thorne won the World Open title, defeating Vicki Cardwell in the final.
Ruth Hohmann
Ruth Hohmann (born 19 August 1931) is a German jazz singer and university lecturer. She was known as the "First Lady of East German Jazz" and was for a long time the GDR's only jazz singer of note, playing a major role in the dissemination of the music in the country.

Vocal jazz
Vocal jazz or jazz singing is a genre within jazz music where the voice is used as an instrument.

Vocal jazz began in the early twentieth century. Jazz music has its roots in blues and ragtime and can also traced back to the New Orleans jazz tradition. Jazz music is characterized by syncopated rhythms, improvisation, and unique tonality and pitch deviation. In vocal jazz, this includes vocal improvisations called scat singing where vocalists imitate the instrumentalist's tone and rhythm.
Moazagotl
The Moazagotl is a stationary bank of cloud marking the upper portion of the system of orographic lenticular clouds formed by the foehn wind lee wave of mountains.

The name of the seemingly stationary cloud is thought to be derived from the name of a shepherd, Gottlieb Matz, literally the Matz family Gottlieb, who was known for describing them. It was first studied in 1933 by two German glider pilots, Hans Deutschmann and Wolf Hirth, on the northern (lee) side of the Giant Mountains in Silesia, a region part of Germany when discovered.

The Schneider Moazagotl sailplane of 1933 was named for this type of cloud. The name has sometimes been misspelled Moazagoatl, but its spelling does not include a third 'a;' the term refers to the cloud, rather than the wind that forms it.

Orographic lift
Orographic lift occurs when an air mass is forced from a low elevation to a higher elevation as it moves over rising terrain. Orography is the study of the topographic relief of mountains.: 162  As the air mass gains altitude it quickly cools down adiabatically, which can raise the relative humidity to 100% and create clouds and, under the right conditions, precipitation.: 472

Orographic lifting can have a number of effects, including precipitation, rain shadowing, leeward winds, and associated clouds.
Disappearance of Philip Cairns
Philip Cairns (born 1 September 1973) is an Irish child who disappeared while walking back to school in South Dublin from his home in Ballyroan on 23 October 1986. A large-scale investigation was carried out, but no trace of Cairns has ever been found. His disappearance is now treated as a high-profile child murder case. It remains one of the most high-profile disappearances in recent Irish history.

Cairns' family have issued numerous appeals for information. A reconstruction took place in 2007 and was later televised on RTÉ One, while a reward of €10,000 has also been offered. The book When Heaven Waits, published in 2007, featured an interview with Cairns' mother. No suspect has been arrested in the case. The case remains open.

RTÉ One
RTÉ One is an Irish free-to-air flagship television service owned and operated by RTÉ. It is the most-popular and most-watched television channel in the country and was launched as Telefís Éireann on 31 December 1961, it was renamed RTÉ in 1966, and it was renamed as RTÉ 1 upon the launch of RTÉ2 in 1978.  It is funded partly by the government's licence fee; the remainder of the funding is provided by commercial advertising. Because RTÉ is funded partly by the licence fee it shows considerably fewer advertisements than most other channels available in Ireland and Northern Ireland.

RTÉ One is available to 98% of the Irish population in HD on the Saorview DTT service. It is also available in Northern Ireland via Saorview, Freeview, Sky, and cable provider Virgin Media. The channel is also available online through RTÉ Player.
Government Offices for the English regions
Government Offices for the English regions (GOs) were established in 1994 by the John Major government. Until 2011, they were the primary means by which a wide range of policies and programmes of the Government of the United Kingdom were delivered in the regions of England.

There were Government Offices in the East Midlands, East of England, London, North East, North West (until 1998 there was a separate GO for Merseyside), South East, South West, West Midlands and  Yorkshire and the Humber regions.

East of England
The East of England is one of nine official regions of England at the first level of ITL for statistical purposes.  It consists of the ceremonial counties of Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk and Suffolk. The northern part of the region, consisting of Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire, is known as East Anglia. The latter region has been considered an informal region in its own right due to its differing cultural identity.

The population of the East of England in 2024 was 6,576,306. Bedford, Luton, Basildon, Peterborough, Southend-on-Sea, Norwich, Ipswich, Colchester, Chelmsford and Cambridge are the most populous settlements. Peterborough is the largest city in the East of England at 215,000. The southern part of the region lies in the London commuter belt.
Pajon (surname)
Pajon or Pajón is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Claude Pajon (1626-1685), French theologian

George Pajon (born 1969), American guitarist, songwriter and record producer

José Luis Blanco Pajón (born 1956), Mexican politician

Mariana Pajón (born 1991), Colombian cyclist

Michel Pajon (born 1949), French politician

Michel Pajon
Michel Pajon (born 30 June 1949) is a French politician who was a member of the National Assembly of France. He represented the 13th (1996-2012) and 3rd (2012-2017) of the Seine-Saint-Denis department,  as a member of the Socialiste, radical, citoyen et divers gauche.
Shankar Salim Simon
Shankar Salim Simon is a 1978 Indian Tamil-language masala film directed by P. Madhavan. It stars Vijayakumar as Shankar, Jai Ganesh as Salim and Rajinikanth as Simon. The film was inspired by the 1977 Hindi film Amar Akbar Anthony, and was released on 10 February 1978.

Vijayakumar (Tamil actor)
Panchaksharam Rangasamy Pillai (born 29 August 1943), known professionally as Vijayakumar, is an Indian actor who works in Tamil cinema. He started his film career in the Tamil film Sri Valli (1961) as a child actor and started playing a lead role from the movie Aval Oru Thodar Kathai (1974) then he worked in Madhura Geetham (1977) and Azhage Unnai Aarathikkiren (1979). He has also acted in Telugu and Malayalam movies. He also worked in television serials like Thangam, Vamsam,  Talambralu, Nandini and Rasaathi. His son is actor Arun Vijay.
Jimmy Boyle (baseball)
Jimmy "Browntown" Boyle (January 19, 1904 in Cincinnati, Ohio – December 24, 1958 in Cincinnati, Ohio), a catcher for the 1926 New York Giants, has the distinction of having one of the shortest known Major League Baseball careers. Although Boyle is only one of about 900 ballplayers who have played in only a single major league game, he is distinguished by having played for only one inning, the ninth inning of a game against Pittsburgh in June of that year (which the Giants lost 8–0). After three outs, Boyle never got to bat and never played again; he is even further distinguished by having never played in the minors, moving straight to the Giants from college. He asked manager John McGraw for his release and it was granted August 2, 1926.

Out (baseball)
In baseball, an out occurs when the umpire rules a batter or baserunner out. When a batter or runner is out, they lose their ability to score a run and must return to the dugout until their next turn at bat. When three outs are recorded in a half-inning, the batting team's turn expires.

To signal an out, an umpire generally makes a fist with one hand, and then flexes that arm either upward, particularly on pop flies, or forward, particularly on routine plays at first base. Home plate umpires often use a "punch-out" motion to signal a called strikeout.
Kanosh Tithing Office
The Kanosh Tithing Office is a historic building in Kanosh, Utah. It was built in 1870 in Kanosh, Utah as a tithing building for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and designed with elements of Greek Revival architectural style. It was acquired by the Daughters of Utah Pioneers in 1952. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since January 25, 1985.

Daughters of Utah Pioneers
The International Society Daughters of Utah Pioneers (often abbreviated as DUP or ISDUP) is a women's lineage-based organization dedicated to preserving the history of the European settlers of the geographic area covered by the State of Deseret and Utah Territory, including Mormon pioneers. The organization is open to any woman who is: (1) A direct-line descendant or legally adopted direct-line descendant with a pioneer ancestor; (2) the pioneer ancestor is a person who traveled to or through the geographic area covered by the State of Deseret/Utah Territory between July 1847 and 10 May 1869 (completion of the railroad, May 10, 1869); (3) over the age of eighteen, and of good character. Travel through the geographic area covered by the State of Deseret/Utah Territory can be either east to west, west to east, north to south, or south to north.
Mińsk Mazowiecki railway station
Mińsk Mazowiecki railway station is a railway station serving Mińsk Mazowiecki in Masovian Voivodeship, Poland. It is served by Koleje Mazowieckie (who run services from Warszawa Zachodnia to Łuków) Polregio and PKP Intercity (TLK services). Some international trains also serve the station.

The station was opened on 9 October 1866. The current building was opened in 1979. In 2006–2007, the station was refurbished further with the addition of an accessible underpass to all platforms. Mińsk Mazowiecki is classified as B importance in the categories of Polish rail stations.

Polregio
Polregio (formerly Przewozy Regionalne) is a train operator in Poland, responsible for local and interregional passenger transportation. Each day it runs approximately 3,000 regional trains. In 2002 it carried 215 million passengers.

The company was founded in 2001 from the splitup of the PKP Passenger Transport Sector of the once-unitary Polskie Koleje Państwowe national rail operator into several companies to meet European Union requirements.
1296 Andrée
1296 Andrée, provisional designation 1933 WE, is a stony Nysian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 25 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 25 November 1933, by French astronomer Louis Boyer at the North African Algiers Observatory, Algeria, and named after the discoverer's niece.

Center of Research in Astronomy, Astrophysics, and Geophysics
The Algiers Observatory was built in the late 19th century in the Algiers suburb of Bouzaréah, Algeria, North Africa. It participated in the Astrographic Catalogue project, taking the zone between -2 and +4 degrees to expose 1,260 plates between the years 1891 and 1911. At the tail end of that time, the director of the installation was François Gonnessiat.

It is now known as the Centre de Recherche en Astronomie Astrophysique et Géophysique (CRAAG), where it combines astronomy with work in astrophysics, and geophysical research, including the monitoring of earthquakes.
Holiday Home Camp
Holiday Home Camp is an overnight children's camp on Geneva Lake in Williams Bay, Wisconsin.  It is a non-profit organization which provides an outdoor experience for low-income youth from the surrounding areas, including Milwaukee, Madison, and Chicago. The program consists of eight day sessions for children ages seven through thirteen. There is also a year-round leadership program, called the ELITE Teens, that is for teens ages thirteen through eighteen.  Holiday Home Camp has been accredited by the American Camp Association.

Holiday Home Camp is one of the oldest camps in the United States. It was founded in 1887 by the Lake Geneva Fresh Air Association. The first campers arrived in July 1888.

American Camp Association
The American Camp Association (ACA), formerly known as the American Camping Association, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit that serves the United States.  It is an association for camp owners, camp professionals and others interested in summer camps and similar camp programs.

Since 1948, the ACA has offered the only nationwide external professional peer-review accreditation program for camps.  According to ACA, to become accredited, camps must meet up to 300 health and safety standards, which are considered best practices throughout the industry. The accreditation process is voluntary, and ACA currently accredits more than 2,500 camps nationwide.

ACA claims a diverse 12,000 plus membership.  It has membership types for individuals, camps, and businesses. The American Camp Association has 23 local offices   throughout the country. Annual conferences are held across the country by local chapters, in addition to the ACA National Conference.
Jarmovec
Jarmovec (pronounced [ˈjaːɾmɔʋəts]) is a small dispersed settlement in the hills west of Dramlje in the Municipality of Šentjur, in eastern Slovenia. The settlement, and the entire municipality, are included in the Savinja Statistical Region, which is in the Slovenian portion of the historical Duchy of Styria.

Duchy of Styria
The Duchy of Styria (German: Herzogtum Steiermark; Slovene: Vojvodina Štajerska; Latin: Ducatus Styriae) was a duchy located in modern-day southern Austria and northern Slovenia. It was a part of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806 and a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary until its dissolution in 1918.
GWR 4900 Class
The Great Western Railway 4900 Class or Hall Class is a class of 4-6-0 mixed-traffic steam locomotives designed by Charles Collett for the Great Western Railway. A total of 259 were built at Swindon Works, numbered 4900–4999, 5900–5999 and 6900–6958. The LMS Stanier Class 5 4-6-0 and LNER Thompson Class B1 both drew heavily on design features of the Hall Class. After nationalisation in 1948, British Railways gave them the power classification 5MT.

Tyseley Locomotive Works
Tyseley Locomotive Works, formerly the Birmingham Railway Museum, is the engineering arm of mainline railtour operator Vintage Trains, based in Birmingham, England. It occupies part of the former Great Western Railway's Tyseley depot. It is home to an extensive collection of steam engines, from small industrial builds to Great Western Railway 'Castles' and 'Halls', and large ex-mainline diesel engines.
Kryevidh
Kryevidh is a village and former rural municipality situated in the central plains of Albania's Western Lowlands region. It is part of Tirana County. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Rrogozhinë. The population at the 2011 census was 4,662.

Albanian Coastal Lowlands
The Coastal Lowlands (Albanian: Ultësira Bregdetare) is a physiogeographical region encompassing the western edge of Albania. It comprises the flat plains extending in the west along the Albanian Adriatic and Ionian Sea Coast that are surrounded by hills and mountains as for instance in the northeast by the Albanian Alps, in the east by the Skanderbeg Mountains, in the southeast by the Pindus Mountains and in the southwest by the Ceraunian Mountains. Nonetheless, the largest and widest plain, measured by area, is the plain of Myzeqe.
Thomas Hood (mathematician)
Thomas Hood (1556 – 1620) was an English mathematician and physician, the first lecturer in mathematics appointed in England, a few years before the founding of Gresham College. He publicized the Copernican theory, and discussed the nova SN 1572. (Tycho's Nova).  He also innovated in the design of mathematical and astronomical instruments.

SN 1572
SN 1572 (Tycho's Star, Tycho's Nova, Tycho's Supernova), or B Cassiopeiae (B Cas), was a supernova of Type Ia in the constellation Cassiopeia, one of eight supernovae visible to the naked eye in historical records. It appeared in early November 1572 and was independently discovered by many individuals.

Its supernova remnant has been observed optically but was first detected at radio wavelengths. It is often known as 3C 10, a radio-source designation, although increasingly as Tycho's supernova remnant.
Alice Bowe
Alice Bowe (born 1980) is an English garden designer and columnist for The Times.

Bowe was born September 1980 in Redhill, Surrey and grew up in Dorking before moving to the small village of Osgathorpe in Leicestershire at the age of nine.

After schooling at Loughborough High School in the East Midlands, she trained in fine art at Oxford University's Ruskin School of Drawing and Fine Art. She completed graduate studies in garden design and landscape architecture at the Oxford College of Garden Design.

Bowe was the winner of the BT Essence of an Entrepreneur award 2006, and a finalist in the Young Entrepreneur of the Year category at the Startups Awards in 2005.

Bowe features as a presenter on the BBC's RHS Chelsea Flower Show 2009 website.

East Midlands
The East Midlands is one of nine official regions of England. It comprises the eastern half of the area traditionally known as the Midlands. It consists of Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire (except for North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire), Northamptonshire, Nottinghamshire, and Rutland. The region has a land area of 15,623 km2 (6,032 sq mi), with an estimated population 5,063,164 in 2024. With a sufficiency-level world city ranking, Nottingham is the only settlement in the region to be classified by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network.

The main cities in the region are Derby, Leicester, Lincoln and Nottingham. The largest towns in these counties are Boston, Chesterfield, Coalville, Corby, Glossop, Grantham, Kettering, Loughborough, Newark-on-Trent, Northampton, Mansfield, Oakham, Swadlincote and Wellingborough.
Blakeway
Blakeway is an English surname. Notable people by that name include:

Alan Blakeway (1898–1936), British archaeologist

Cassie Blakeway (born 1993), Australian rules footballer

Charles Blakeway (1868–1922), Archdeacon of Stafford

Denys Blakeway, British television producer and author

Graham Blakeway, English rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s

Jacob Blakeway (1583–?), historical figure connected to the Mayflower

John Brickdale Blakeway (1765–1826), English barrister, cleric and topographer

Phil Blakeway (born 1950), England international rugby union footballer

Jacob Blakeway
Jacob Blakeway (born July 1583) was at the centre of a historic incident in seventeenth century England which caused a great scandal and led to the four More children being sent to America on the Mayflower in 1620.

For many years genealogists wondered why the More children's father sent young children to the New World on the Mayflower, in the care of others. In 1959, the mystery was solved. Jasper More, a descendant of Samuel More, prompted by his genealogist friend Anthony Wagner, searched and found in his attic a 1622 document, which detailed the legal disputes between Katherine and Samuel More and what actually happened to the More children. It is clear that Samuel did not believe the children to be his offspring. He arranged for them to be sent to the Colony of Virginia.
Louise Stevens Bryant
Louise Stevens Bryant (1885–1956) was an American public health specialist, writer, editor and publicist. She was especially involved in the fields of human sexuality and maternal health, and was the executive secretary of Robert Latou Dickinson's Committee on Maternal Health from 1927 to 1935.

Publicist
A publicist is a person whose job is to generate and manage publicity for a company, a brand, or public figure – especially a celebrity – or for work or a project such as a book, film, or album. Publicists are public relations specialists who maintain and represent the images of individuals, rather than representing an entire corporation or business. Publicists are also hired by public figures who want to maintain or protect their image. Publicists brand their clients by getting magazine, TV, newspaper, and website coverage. Most top-level publicists work in private practice, handling multiple clients.

The term publicist was coined by the legal scholar Francis Lieber to describe the engagement of internationalists with the public during the late nineteenth century. Publicists are sometimes called flacks, a term that traces back to Gene Flack, who was a well-known movie publicist in the 1930s.
Stomphastis chalybacma
Stomphastis chalybacma is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from India, Indonesia (Sulawesi), Malaysia (West Malaysia and Sabah), Myanmar, Sri Lanka and Thailand.

The larvae feed on Caesalpinia decapetala, Caesalpinia pulcherrima and Samanea saman. They probably mine the leaves of their host plant.

Caesalpinia pulcherrima
Caesalpinia pulcherrima is a species of flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae, native to the tropics and subtropics of the Americas. It could be native to the West Indies, but its exact origin is unknown due to widespread cultivation. Common names for this species include poinciana, peacock flower, red bird of paradise, Mexican bird of paradise, dwarf poinciana, pride of Barbados, flos pavonis, and flamboyant-de-jardin.  The Hawaiian name for this plant is ʻohai aliʻi.
Hsiao-ting Lin
Hsiao-ting Lin (Chinese: 林孝庭; born 1971) is a Taiwanese sinologist at the Hoover Institution who studies Greater China, including ethnopolitics, the Kuomintang, and Taiwan–United States relations during the Cold War.

Ethnopolitics (journal)
Ethnopolitics, formerly known as Global Review of Ethnopolitics, is a peer-reviewed academic journal focusing on the intersection of ethnic groups and politics. It was established in the United Kingdom by the Political Studies Association's Specialist Group on Ethnopolitics. Its editor-in-chief is Stefan Wolff.

Ethnopolitics is now published in collaboration with the Association for the Study of Nationalities.