hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fudge Farm
Fudge Farm is a historical farmhouse and property located just east of Surgoinsville, Tennessee, United States. An I-house, it was completed around 1851 and was built by slave labor for local planter Conrad Fudge, who had recently moved to the area from Virginia. Fudge Farm is still in use and privately owned. Aside from the house, the property also has a stock barn, a granary, smokehouse and a well house.

I-house
The I-house is a vernacular house type, popular in the United States from the colonial period onward. The I-house was so named in the 1930s by Fred Kniffen, a cultural geographer at Louisiana State University who was a specialist in folk architecture. He identified and analyzed the type in his 1936 study of Louisiana house types.

He chose the name "I-house" because the style was commonly built in the rural farm areas of Indiana, Illinois and Iowa, all states beginning with the letter "I". But he was not implying that this house type originated in, or was restricted to, those three states. It is also referred to as Plantation Plain style.
Nana Olomu
Nana Olomu (also spelled Olumu) (1852–1916) was an Itsekiri chief and palm oil merchant from the Niger Delta region of southern Nigeria. He was the fourth Itsekiri chief to hold the position of Governor of Benin River.

Niger Delta
The Niger Delta is the delta of the Niger River sitting directly on the Gulf of Guinea on the Atlantic Ocean in Nigeria. It is located within nine coastal southern Nigerian states, which include: all six states from the South South geopolitical zone, one state (Ondo) from South West geopolitical zone and two states (Abia and Imo) from South East geopolitical zone.

The Niger Delta is a very densely populated region sometimes called the Oil Rivers because it was once a major producer of palm oil. The area was the British Oil Rivers Protectorate from 1885 until 1893, when it was expanded and became the Niger Coast Protectorate.

The delta is a petroleum-rich region and has been the center of international concern over extensive pollution which is often used as an example of ecocide. The principal cause is major oil spills by multinational corporations of the petroleum industry.
An Essay on Censorship
An Essay on Censorship is a lengthy letter, in verse, by Anthony Burgess addressed to his fellow novelist Salman Rushdie. Published in the wake of the 1989 Iranian fatwa against Rushdie and the Bradford book-burnings that followed, Burgess's letter has been compared to the Essay on Man of Alexander Pope.

Alexander Pope
Alexander Pope (21 May 1688 O.S. – 30 May 1744) was an English poet, translator, and satirist of the Enlightenment era who is considered one of the most prominent English poets of the early 18th century. An exponent of Augustan literature,  Pope is best known for his satirical and discursive poetry including An Essay on Criticism (1711), The Rape of the Lock (1712–1717), The Dunciad (1728–1743), and for his translations of Homer.

Pope is often quoted in The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations, some of his verses having entered common parlance (e.g. "damning with faint praise" or "to err is human; to forgive, divine").
Lewis–Cutler ministry
The Lewis–Cutler ministry or First Lewis ministry was the 68th ministry of the New South Wales Government, and was led by the 33rd Premier, Tom Lewis, of the Liberal Party in coalition with the Country Party, led by Sir Charles Cutler. It was the first of two occasions when Lewis was Premier; and the seventh and final occasion when Cutler served as Deputy Premier.

Tom Lewis (Australian politician)
Thomas Lancelot Lewis (23 January 1922 – 25 April 2016) was a New South Wales politician who served as the 33rd Premier of New South Wales from 1975 to 1976, and served as a minister in the cabinets of Sir Robert Askin and Sir Eric Willis. He became Premier following Askin's retirement from politics and held the position until he was replaced by Willis in a party vote. Lewis was first elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for the Electoral district of Wollondilly for the Liberal Party in 1957, and served until his resignation in 1978.
Rachel Edry hostage stand-off
On 7 October 2023, a couple in their 60s, Rachel and David Edry (Edri), were held captive in their home in Ofakim, Israel, by Hamas militants during a large-scale invasion from the Gaza Strip. The incident lasted for approximately 20 hours and ended with their successful rescue by Israeli security forces. Following the incident, Rachel Edry gained national fame and became a cultural icon in Israel, symbolizing resilience and courage in the face of adversity. Her image and story were widely circulated in the media, inspiring various forms of artistic expression and becoming a part of popular culture.

Ofakim
Ofakim (Hebrew: אופקים, lit. 'Horizons')  is a city in the Southern District of Israel, 20 kilometers (12.4 mi) west of Beersheba. It achieved municipal status in 1955. It has an area of 10,000 dunams (~3.9 sq mi; 10 km2). In 2023 it had a population of 37,837.

Ofakim was established as a development town in 1955. For many years it was a major textile manufacturing center until outsourcing led to the closure of factories. As a result,  Ofakim suffered from poverty and unemployment. Since the 2000s, new businesses have opened, improving the economic outlook.

During the October 7 attacks in 2023, Ofakim was attacked by Hamas militants who infiltrated the city and killed 47 residents.
Les Nash
Leslie Nash is a British auto racing driver. In 1973 he finished sixth overall and as champion in Class A in the British Saloon Car Championship, driving a Sunbeam Imp that had been driven the previous season by championship winner Bill McGovern.

British Touring Car Championship
The British Touring Car Championship (BTCC), officially known as the Kwik Fit British Touring Car Championship for sponsorship reasons, is a touring car racing series held each year in the United Kingdom, currently organised and administered by TOCA. It was established in 1958 as the British Saloon Car Championship and was renamed as the British Touring Car Championship for the 1987 season. It is one of the oldest, most popular and most prestigious touring car series in the world. The championship, currently running Next Generation Touring Car regulations, has been run to various national and international regulations over the years including FIA Group 2, FIA Group 5, FIA Group 1, FIA Group A, FIA Super Touring and FIA Super 2000. A lower-key Group N class for production cars ran from 2000 until 2003.
Pant Pratinidhi family
Pant Pratinidhi family is a prominent aristocratic noble family of India, who served as Pratinidhis to Chhatrapatis of Maratha Empire and later became rulers of the Princely states of Aundh and Vishalgad.

The Pant Pratinidhi's were officers of the highest dignity under the Maratha Empire. They were ranked above all Ashta Pradhans and even above Peshwas during Rajaram I to Shahu I times.

Chhatrapati
Chhatrapati is a royal title from Sanskrit used to denote a king and Queen. The word "Chhatrapati" is a Sanskrit compound term composed of "chhatra" (meaning "parasol" or "umbrella") and "pati" (meaning "master", "lord", or "ruler"). This title was used by the House of Bhonsle, between 1674 and 1818, as the heads of state of the Maratha Empire. The Head Queen of the Maratha Empire is known as The Patta Rani also as Chatrapati or Chatrapati Consort
2008–09 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – Women's 100 metres
The 100 metres distance for women in the 2008–09 ISU Speed Skating World Cup was contested over four races on four occasions, out of a total of nine World Cup occasions for the season, with the first occasion involving the distance taking place in Changchun, China, on 6–7 December 2008, and the final occasion taking place in Salt Lake City, United States, on 6–7 March 2009.

Jenny Wolf of Germany successfully defended her title, while Thijsje Oenema of the Netherlands came second, and Xing Aihua of China came third.

Jenny Wolf
Jenny Wolf (born 31 January 1979) is a former German speed skater. On 10 March 2007 at the ISU World Single Distances Speed Skating Championships in Salt Lake City, Utah, she broke the world record for the women's 500 m in her second race. She finished sixth on the 500 m at the 2006 Winter Olympics of Turin, and tenth on the same distance in 2002.

Wolf won the Speed Skating World Cup in the 2005–06 season on the 500 m. Her favorite distance is the 100 m, but this is not an Olympic event.

Wolf won the silver medal at the 500 m at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, five hundredths of a second after South Korean Lee Sang-hwa over two races. Wolf was the world record holder in the event at the time.

On 13 November 2010, Wolf won her 40th 500 m World Cup race, thereby breaking Bonnie Blair's record, who won 39 World Cup races on that distance.
Laming
Laming is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Annette Laming-Emperaire (1917–1977), French archeologist

Andrew Laming (born 1966), Australian medical doctor and former politician

Bruce Laming (1938–2017), Australian Liberal Party politician in the Queensland parliament

Frank Laming (1908–1989), Anglican priest

Herbert Laming, Baron Laming (born 1936), British social worker and member of the House of Lords

Marc Laming, British illustrator and designer

Richard Laming (c. 1798–1879), British surgeon, natural philosopher, inventor, chemist, and industrialist

Andrew Laming
Andrew Charles Laming (born 30 September 1966) is an Australian medical doctor and former politician. He was a Liberal Party member of the House of Representatives representing the Division of Bowman for the Liberal National Party of Queensland from 2004 to 2022.

Laming was a medical practitioner and a management consultant before entering politics. He is the son of former Queensland state Liberal MP Bruce Laming, who held the seat of Mooloolah from 1992 until 2001, and served as Deputy Speaker of the Queensland Legislative Assembly.
1929 Dunedin mayoral election
The 1929 Dunedin mayoral election was part of the New Zealand local elections held that same year. In 1929, elections were held for the Mayor of Dunedin plus other local government positions including twelve city councillors. The polling was conducted using the standard first-past-the-post electoral method.

Mayor of Dunedin
The mayor of Dunedin is the head of the local government, the city council of Dunedin, New Zealand. The mayor's role is "to provide leadership to the other elected members of the territorial authority, be a leader in the community and perform civic duties". The mayor is directly elected, using the single transferable vote (STV) system from 2007. The current mayor is Sophie Barker who was elected in 2025.

The mayor has always been elected at large, with the inaugural election in 1865. Up until 1915, the term of mayor was for one year only. From 1915 to 1935, the term was two years. Since the 1935 mayoral election, the term has been three years. The role of deputy mayor was established in 1917.
The city council translates the office and title of mayor as Te Koromatua o Ōtepoti.

The mayoralty is subject to election every three years, the next vote being the 2025 Dunedin mayoral election.
Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics
The Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association. It publishes original research dealing with the application of psychological theories and/or neuroscientific methods to business and economics and, therefore, is at the core of research in neuroeconomics, decision neuroscience, and consumer neuroscience. It is currently edited by Samuel M. McClure (Arizona State University).

Consumer neuroscience
Consumer neuroscience is the combination of consumer research with modern neuroscience.  The goal of the field is to find neural explanations for consumer behaviors in individuals both with or without disease.
Word (surname)
Word is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Barry Word (born 1964), American football player

James Word (born c. 1953), member of the Arkansas House of Representatives

Mark Word (born 1975), American football player

Robert L. Word (1866–1945), Justice of the Montana Supreme Court

James Word
James Louis Word (born c. 1953) is an American politician and a Democratic former member of the Arkansas House of Representatives for District 16 from 2009 to 2015. He was term-limited and ineligible to seek a fourth legislative term in 2014.
Adolf Dehn
Adolf Dehn (November 22, 1895 – May 19, 1968) was an American artist known mainly as a lithographer. Throughout his artistic career, he participated in and helped define some important movements in American art, including regionalism, social realism, and caricature. A two-time recipient of the Guggenheim Fellowship, he was known for both his technical skills and his high-spirited, droll depictions of human foibles.

Regionalism (art)
American Regionalism is an American realist modern art movement that included paintings, murals, lithographs, and illustrations depicting realistic scenes of rural and small-town America, primarily in the Midwest. It arose in the 1930s as a response to the Great Depression, and ended in the 1940s due to the end of World War II and a lack of development within the movement. It reached its height of popularity from 1930 to 1935, as it was widely appreciated for its reassuring images of the American heartland during the Great Depression.

Despite major stylistic differences between specific artists, Regionalist art in general was in a relatively conservative and traditionalist style that appealed to popular American sensibilities, while strictly opposing the perceived domination of French art.
Arno Hesse
Arno Hesse (born 1887, date of death unknown) was a German athlete.  He competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics in London. In the 1500 metres, Hesse placed seventh and last in his initial semifinal heat and did not advance to the final.

Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's 1500 metres
The men's 1500 metres was an Olympic event for the fourth time at the 1908 Summer Olympics. The competition was held on 13 and 14 July 1908. The races were held on a track of 536.45 metre (1⁄3 mile) circumference. The event was won by Mel Sheppard of the United States, the second consecutive Games an American had won the event. Sheppard, like Jim Lightbody in 1904, would also win the 800 metres for a middle-distance double.

44 runners from 15 nations competed. NOCs could enter up to 12 athletes. There were eight heats of the first round, with the winners of those heats competing in the final.
Keres Group
The Keres Group is a group of geologic formations exposed in and around the Jemez Mountains of northern New Mexico. Radiometric dating gives it an age of 13 to 6 million years, corresponding to the Miocene epoch.

Valles Caldera
The Valles Caldera (or Jemez Caldera) is a 13.7-mile-wide (22.0 km) volcanic caldera in the Jemez Mountains of northern New Mexico. Hot springs, streams, fumaroles, natural gas seeps, and volcanic domes dot the caldera landscape. The highest point in the caldera is Redondo Peak, an 11,254-foot (3,430 m) resurgent lava dome located entirely within the caldera and surrounded by moat-like flows of rhyolitic solidified lavas. Located within the caldera are several grass valleys, or valles, the largest of which is Valle Grande (locally  /ˈvaɪ.eɪ ˈɡrɑːndeɪ/ VY-ay GRAHN-day), the only one accessible by a paved road. In 1975, Valles Caldera was designated as a National Natural Landmark by the National Park Service with much of the caldera being within the Valles Caldera National Preserve, a unit of the National Park System. The area has a varied history involving cultural significance, economic resources, scientific studies, and complex geological setting.
Anshuman Nandi
Anshuman Nandi (Bengali Pronunciation:-Anshuman Nondi)  is a young 9 years old drummer and child actor from the hills of Tripura. He was 3 years old when he performed in India's Got Talent. He has also made his Bollywood debut as a child actor in 2017 Bollywood film Hindi Medium alongside Irrfan Khan.

Nandi won the National Award in music when he was only 3 years.

India's Got Talent
India's Got Talent is a televised Indian Hindi language talent show series and is part of the Got Talent franchise. The program is produced and distributed by Fremantle and Syco Entertainment. The show aired on Colors TV until season 8. Since season 9 the show is airing on Sony Entertainment Television.
Code Unknown
Code Unknown (French: Code inconnu : Récit incomplet de divers voyages, lit. 'Unknown code: Incomplete account of various travels') is a 2000 film directed by Michael Haneke. Most of the story occurs in Paris, France, where the fates of several characters intersect and connect.

Code Unknown is composed of unedited long takes filmed in real time, cut only when the perspective within a scene changes from one character's to another's in the middle of the action. A special edition of the film was released on Blu-ray in 2015 by The Criterion Collection. The film is inspired by the life of the French novelist and war reporter Olivier Weber.

Code Unknown is a co-production among France, Germany and Romania.

Olivier Weber
Olivier Weber (born 1958) is a French writer, novelist and reporter at large, known primarily for his coverage of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. He has been a war correspondent for twenty-five years, especially in Central Asia, Africa, Middle-East and Iraq. He is an assistant professor at the Institut d'études politiques de Paris, president of the Prize Joseph Kessel and today ambassador of France at large. Weber has won several national and international awards of literature and journalism, in particular for his stories on Afghanistan and for his books on wars. His novels, travels writing books and essays have been translated in a dozen of languages.
HD 10550
HD 10550 is a single star in the equatorial constellation of Cetus. It is a faint star but visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.98. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 2.9564 mas, it is located around 1,100 light years from the Sun. The star is moving closer with a heliocentric radial velocity of −33 km/s. It has a high peculiar velocity of 72.7+5.7−4.3 km/s and may be a runaway star.

The stellar classification of this star is K2/3 III CN II, showing the spectrum of an evolved K-type giant star with an overabundance of CN in the atmosphere. The measured angular diameter of this star, after correction for limb darkening, is 2.11±0.04 mas. At the estimated distance of this star, this yields a physical size of about 77 times the radius of the Sun. The star is radiating around 2,537 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,110 K.

Astronomical spectroscopy
Astronomical spectroscopy is the study of astronomy using the techniques of spectroscopy to measure the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, ultraviolet, X-ray, infrared and radio waves that radiate from stars and other celestial objects. A stellar spectrum can reveal many properties of stars, such as their chemical composition, temperature, density, mass, distance and luminosity. Spectroscopy can show the velocity of motion towards or away from the observer by measuring the Doppler shift. Spectroscopy is also used to study the physical properties of many other types of celestial objects such as planets, nebulae, galaxies, and active galactic nuclei.
Stoney Creek (electoral district)
Stoney Creek was an electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1997 to 2003 and in the legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1999 to 2007. It was located in the Hamilton area of Southern Ontario. This riding was created in 1996 from parts of Hamilton—Wentworth and Lincoln ridings.

It consisted of the City of Stoney Creek, the Township of Glanbrook, and the southeast part of the City of Hamilton, and the Town of Grimsby.

The electoral district was abolished in 2003 when it was redistributed between Hamilton East—Stoney Creek, Hamilton Mountain and Niagara West—Glanbrook ridings.

Stoney Creek, Ontario
Stoney Creek is a community in the city of Hamilton in the Canadian province of Ontario located 10 km east of Downtown Hamilton and 57 km south-west of Toronto. It was a municipality until 2001, when it was amalgamated with Hamilton, Dundas, Ancaster,  Flamborough and Glanbrook to form the City of Hamilton.

The community of Stoney Creek is located on the south shore of western Lake Ontario, east of downtown Hamilton, into which feed the watercourses of Stoney Creek as well as several other minor streams. The historic area, known as the "Old Town", is below the Niagara Escarpment.

Stoney Creek experienced an increase in residential growth, particularly in the lower city in the 1970s and 1980s, and in the west mountain in the 1990s and 2000s, but most of the land mass of Stoney Creek remains agricultural. The communities of Elfrida, Fruitland, Tapleytown, Tweedside, Vinemount, and Winona serve as distinct reminders of the agricultural legacy of Stoney Creek and Saltfleet Township.
Oxygen difluoride
Oxygen difluoride is a chemical compound with the formula OF2. As predicted by VSEPR theory, the molecule adopts a bent molecular geometry. It is a strong oxidizer and has attracted attention in rocketry for this reason. With a boiling point of −144.75 °C, OF2 is the most volatile (isolable) triatomic compound. The compound is one of many known oxygen fluorides.

Molecular geometry
Molecular geometry is the three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms that constitute a molecule. It includes the general shape of the molecule as well as bond lengths, bond angles, torsional angles and any other geometrical parameters that determine the position of each atom.

Molecular geometry influences several properties of a substance including its reactivity, polarity, phase of matter, color, magnetism and biological activity. The angles between bonds that an atom forms depend only weakly on the rest of a molecule, i.e. they can be understood as approximately local and hence transferable properties.
Jack McArthur
Ira Jackson McArthur (born May 30, 1902, date of death unknown) was an American professional football player in the National Football League (NFL). He made his NFL debut in 1926 with the Los Angeles Buccaneers. Over the course of his six-year career, Jack played for the Chicago Bears, Providence Steam Roller, Buffalo Bisons, New York Yankees, Los Angeles Buccaneers, Frankford Yellow Jackets, Newark Tornadoes, Brooklyn Dodgers and the Orange Tornadoes.

Upon retiring from football, he embarked on a professional wrestling career, with matches as early as 1934 and as late as 1960. Opponents included Bruno Sammartino. There is also a video recording of a televised match in 1959 between McArthur and Happy Humphrey, who's recognized as the heaviest wrestler of all time.

His date of death is unknown.

New York Yankees (NFL)
The New York Yankees were a short-lived professional American football team from 1926 to 1929. The team was a member of the first American Football League (AFL) in 1926, and later the National Football League (NFL) from 1927 to 1929. They played their home games at Yankee Stadium. The team featured Red Grange at halfback.