hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hans Nikolai Stavrand
Hans Nikolai Stavrand (4 January 1894 – 17 March 1980) was a Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party.

He was born in Trondenes.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Troms in 1950, and was re-elected on two occasions. He had previously served in the position of deputy representative during the terms 1934–1936 and 1937–1945.

Stavrand held various positions on the municipal council for Sandtorg Municipality between 1931 and 1956, serving as deputy mayor in 1937–1940.

Troms
Troms (Norwegian: [trʊms] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Romsa; Kven: Tromssa; Finnish: Tromssa) is a  county in northern Norway. It borders Finnmark county to the northeast and Nordland county in the southwest. Norrbotten Län in Sweden is located to the south and further southeast is a shorter border with Lapland Province in Finland. To the west is the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean). The county had a population of 169,610 in 2024.

The entire county, which was established in 1866, is located north of the Arctic Circle. The Troms County Municipality is the governing body for the county, elected by the people of Troms, while the Troms county governor is a representative of the King and Government of Norway.

From January 2020 to December 2023, Troms was merged with the neighboring Finnmark county to create the new Troms og Finnmark county. This merger was reversed by the government resulting from the 2021 Norwegian parliamentary election.
Tantrum
A tantrum, conniption, angry outburst, temper tantrum, lash out, meltdown, fit of anger, or hissy fit is an emotional outburst, usually associated with those in emotional distress.  It is typically characterized by stubbornness, crying, screaming, violence, defiance, angry ranting, a resistance to attempts at pacification, and in some cases, hitting or bullying and other physically violent behavior. Physical control may be lost; the person may be unable to remain still; and even if the "goal" of the person is met, they may not be calmed. Throwing a temper tantrum may lead to a child getting detention or being suspended from school for older school age children, and could result in a timeout or grounding, complete with room or corner time, at home. A tantrum may be expressed in a tirade: a protracted, angry speech.

Suspension (punishment)
Suspension refers to a temporary removal or exclusion from a position or activity, which can include the workplace, school, public office, clergy, or sports. It may be either paid or unpaid and is typically imposed to allow for an investigation or as a disciplinary measure for infractions of rules or policies.
Speakeasy (magazine)
Speakeasy was a British magazine of news and criticism pertaining to comic books, comic strips and graphic novels. It published many interviews with both British and American comics creators.

Speakeasy published 120 issues between 1979 and 1991, and won the Eagle Award for Favourite Specialist Comics Publication four times in five years, from 1986 to 1990.

Calvin and Hobbes
Calvin and Hobbes is a daily American comic strip created by cartoonist Bill Watterson that was syndicated from November 18, 1985, to December 31, 1995.

The strip features two titular characters, six-year-old Calvin and his stuffed tiger Hobbes, and a small recurring cast that also includes Calvin's unnamed parents, his classmate and neighbor Susie Derkins, his teacher Miss Wormwood, his school bully Moe, and his babysitter Rosalyn.

Commonly described as "the last great newspaper comic", Calvin and Hobbes has enjoyed enduring popularity and influence while also attracting significant academic and philosophical interest.

At the height of its popularity, Calvin and Hobbes was featured in over 2,400 newspapers worldwide.  As of 2010, reruns of the strip appeared in more than 50 countries, and nearly 45 million copies of the Calvin and Hobbes books had been sold worldwide.
Clan MacEacharn
Clan MacEacharn (Scottish Gaelic: Sìol Eachairn) were a group of families who occupied lands in the Kintyre, Islay, and Morvern regions of Scotland as well as island areas such as Mull and Tiree. They are traditionally known as one of the oldest Western Highland family names. The history of the Kintyre branch and its sub branches are well known, however the histories of the Islay and Morvern branches and the island branches is obscure.

Fillan
Saint Fillan, Filan, Phillan, Fáelán (Old Irish) or Faolán (modern Gaeilge & Gàidhlig) is the name of an eighth century monk from Munster, who having studied at Taghmon Abbey, traveled to Scotland and settled at Strath Fillan.
Transit desert
A transit desert is an area with limited transportation supply. Developed from the concept of food deserts, various methods have been proposed to measure transit deserts. Transit deserts are generally characterized by poor public transportation options and possibly poor bike, sidewalk, or road infrastructure.  The lack of transportation options present in transit deserts may have negative effects of people’s health, job prospects, and economic mobility.

Economic mobility
Economic mobility is the ability of an individual, family or some other group to improve (or lower) their economic status—usually measured in income.  Economic mobility is often measured by movement between income quintiles. Economic mobility may be considered a type of social mobility, which is often measured in change in income.
Stadsbygd Municipality
Stadsbygd is a former municipality in the old Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. The municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1964. The 137-square-kilometre (53 sq mi) municipality existed on the southern part of the Fosen peninsula, along the Trondheimsfjorden in what is now Indre Fosen Municipality in Trøndelag county. The administrative centre was the village of Stadsbygd, just north of the Stadsbygd Church.

Prior to its dissolution in 1963, the 137-square-kilometre (53 sq mi) municipality was the 452nd largest by area out of the 689 municipalities in Norway. Stadsbygd Municipality was the 472nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 1,818. The municipality's population density was 13.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (34/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 8% over the previous 10-year period.

Sør-Trøndelag
Sør-Trøndelag (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈsø̂ːˌʈrœndəlɑːɡ] ⓘ; lit. 'South Trøndelag') was a county comprising the southern portion of the present-day Trøndelag county in Norway. It bordered the old Nord-Trøndelag (lit. 'North Trøndelag') county as well as the counties of Møre og Romsdal, Oppland, and Hedmark. To the west is the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean), and to the east is Jämtland in Sweden. The county was separated into a northern and southern part by the Trondheimsfjorden. Slightly over 200,000 of the county's population (or around 55%) lives in the city of Trondheim and its suburbs. The Norwegian dialect of the region is Trøndersk.

The region was divided into two administrative counties in 1804. In 2016, the two county councils voted to merge into a single county, which became effective 1 January 2018.
Michael Van Valkenburgh
Michael Robert Van Valkenburgh (born September 5, 1951) is an American landscape architect and educator. He has worked on a wide variety of projects – including public parks, college campuses, sculpture gardens, corporate landscapes, private gardens, and urban master plans – in the U.S., Canada, Europe and Asia. He has taught at Harvard's Graduate School of Design Since 1982 and served as chair of its Landscape Architecture Department from 1991 to 1996.

Landscape architect
A landscape architect is a person who is educated and trained in the field of landscape architecture.

According to the International Federation of Landscape Architects, which draws on International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO/08, 2162), the profession is defined as:

Landscape Architects plan, design and manage natural and built environments, applying aesthetic and scientific principles to address ecological sustainability, quality and health of landscapes, collective memory, heritage and culture, and territorial justice.

Other definitions emphasise the technical and regulatory aspects of practice. For example, landscape architecture may include site analysis and inventory, land and site planning, planting design, grading and earthworks, nature based solutions, stormwater management, sustainable design, engagement, construction specification, and ensuring compliance with building codes, planning policy, and environmental regulation.
Oberlahnstein
Oberlahnstein (German pronunciation: [oːbɐˈlaːnʃtaɪn]) is a part of the city of Lahnstein in Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany. It lies on the right bank of the Rhine, at the confluence of the Lahn 4 m. above Koblenz, on the Right Rhine railway from Cologne to Frankfurt-on-Main.

Oberlahnstein still retains parts of its ancient walls and towers, and possesses a castle, the Schloss Martinsburg, formerly the residence of the electors of Mainz, and the chapel, Marien Kapelle, in which the German king Wenceslaus was deposed by the electors in 1400. Near the town is the castle of Lahneck, built about 1290, destroyed by the French in 1689, and restored in 1854. In the neighborhood are lead and silver mines.

Koblenz
Koblenz (UK: /koʊˈblɛnts/ koh-BLENTS, US: /ˈkoʊblɛnts/ KOH-blents, German: [ˈkoːblɛnts] ⓘ; Moselle Franconian: Kowelenz) is a city in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, on the banks of the rivers Rhine (Middle Rhine) and Moselle, a multinational tributary.

Koblenz was established as a Roman military post by Drusus c. 8 BC. Its name originates from the Latin (ad) cōnfluentēs, meaning "(at the) confluence". The actual confluence is today known as the "German Corner", a symbol of the unification of Germany that features an equestrian statue of Emperor William I. The city celebrated its 2,000th anniversary in 1992.

The city ranks as the third-largest city by population in Rhineland-Palatinate, behind Mainz and Ludwigshafen am Rhein, with 115,298 residents (as of 2023). Koblenz lies in a narrow flood plain between high hill ranges, some reaching mountainous height, and is served by an express rail and autobahn network. It is part of the populous Rhineland.
History of the People's Republic of China (1949–1976)
The time period in China from the founding of the People's Republic in 1949 until Mao's death in 1976 is commonly known as Maoist China and Red China. The history of the People's Republic of China is often divided distinctly by historians into the Mao era and the post-Mao era. The country's Mao era lasted from the founding of the People's republic on October 1, 1949 to Deng Xiaoping's consolidation of power and policy reversal at the Third plenary session of the 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party on December 22, 1978. The Mao era focuses on Mao Zedong's social movements from the early 1950s on, including land reform, the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution. The Great Chinese Famine, one of the worst famines in human history, occurred during this era.

Death and state funeral of Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong, the founder of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party, died on 9 September 1976 at the age of 82, following a period of ill health. The government ordered a week of national mourning following his death.
Omaha, Lincoln and Beatrice Railway
The Omaha, Lincoln and Beatrice Railway (reporting mark OLB), "The Big Red Line", was founded in 1903 as an attempt to carry passengers between the three Nebraska cities. Although it never extended outside Lincoln, the OL&B currently exists as a Class III switching railroad in Lincoln. It has been owned by NEBCO, Inc. since 1929.

Reporting mark
A reporting mark is a code used to identify owners or lessees of rolling stock and other equipment used on certain rail transport networks.  The code typically reflects the name or identifying number of the owner, lessee, or operator of the equipment, similar to IATA airline designators.

In North America, the mark, which consists of an alphabetic code of two to four letters, is stenciled on each piece of equipment, along with a one- to six-digit number. This information is used to uniquely identify every such rail car or locomotive, thus allowing it to be tracked by the railroad it is traveling over, which shares the information with other railroads and customers.  In multinational registries, a code indicating the home country may also be included.
Unter den Linden (waltz)
Unter den Linden ("Under the Linden Trees") op. 30 is a waltz by Johann Strauss III first performed by the composer on June 2, 1900.

Johann III undertook a five-month Concert tour of Germany and the Netherlands in 1900. Johann III wrote to his friend on 23 March 1900:

"Now I intend to write a waltz for Berlin and call it "Unter den Linden" since curiously enough this title has not yet been used."

This work was premiered in Neues Königliches Opernhaus Berlin on June 2, 1900. This waltz is a representative work of Johann III.  It has been occasionally programmed since, including a 2015 performance and CD.

Waltz
The waltz (from German  Walzer [ˈvaltsɐ] ⓘ, meaning "to roll or revolve") is a ballroom and folk dance, in triple ( 34 ) time, performed primarily in closed position. Along with the ländler and allemande, the waltz was sometimes referred to by the generic term German Dance in publications during the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
Rnn (software)
rnn is an open-source machine learning framework that implements recurrent neural network architectures, such as LSTM and GRU, natively in the R programming language, that has been downloaded over 100,000 times (from the RStudio servers alone).

The rnn package is distributed through the Comprehensive R Archive Network under the open-source GPL v3 license.

Gated recurrent unit
In artificial neural networks, the gated recurrent unit (GRU) is a gating mechanism used in recurrent neural networks, introduced in 2014 by Kyunghyun Cho et al. The GRU is like a long short-term memory (LSTM) with a gating mechanism to input or forget certain features, but lacks a context vector or output gate, resulting in fewer parameters than LSTM. 
GRU's performance on certain tasks of polyphonic music modeling, speech signal modeling and natural language processing was found to be similar to that of LSTM. GRUs showed that gating is indeed helpful in general, and Bengio's team came to no concrete conclusion on which of the two gating units was better.
Joker & the Thief
"Joker & the Thief" is a song by Australian rock band Wolfmother. The song serves as the sixth track and sixth single from the band's first album Wolfmother. It was released in Australia on 28 October 2006 and in the United Kingdom on 20 November 2006. The music video for the song, featuring the cast of the film Jackass Number Two, was nominated for the "Best Rock Video" and "Video of the Year" awards at the 2007 MTV Australia Awards. The titular "joker" and "thief" are a reference to the lyrics of Bob Dylan's 1967 song "All Along the Watchtower".

In January 2018, as part of Triple M's "Ozzest 100", the 'most Australian' songs of all time, "Joker & the Thief" was ranked number 59, and placed 43 in the Triple J Hottest 100 of Australian Songs in 2025.

Triple M
Triple M is an Australian commercial radio network owned and operated by Southern Cross Austereo. The network consists of 45 radio stations with flagship stations broadcasting a mainstream/classic rock music format in Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane, 37 regional stations broadcasting a modern adult contemporary/adult hits format and 5 digital radio stations.

The network dates back to the launch of Triple M Sydney in 1980. On 15 December 2016, the network was amalgamated with the LocalWorks network of regional radio stations.
Putka (Lima)
Putka (Jauja Quechua for "muddy", also spelled Putca) is a mountain in the Cordillera Central in the Andes of Peru, about 5,100 metres (16,732 ft) high. It is slocated in the Lima Region, Huarochirí Province, Chicla District.

Putka lies northwest of Wayrakancha and east of Quñuqp'ukru and the little lake named Putkaqucha (Quechua for "muddy lake", Hispanicized name Lago Putca or Laguna Putca) which is located at 11°41′20″S 76°13′37″W﻿ / ﻿11.68889°S 76.22694°W﻿ / -11.68889; -76.22694.

Huarochirí province
Huarochirí (Quechua: Waruchiri) is a province of the department of Lima, Peru. From the administrative point of view of the Catholic Church in Peru, it forms part of the Territorial Prelature of Yauyos. Its capital is Matucana. The western section is part of the Lima Metropolitan Area.
Ramlösa
Ramlösa (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈrâmːˌløːsa]) is a brand of carbonated mineral water from a source in Ramlösa Brunnspark in the southern part of Helsingborg, Sweden. Ramlösa goes back to the year 1707 when a mineral spa around the source was founded by Johan Jacob Döbelius.

Ramlösa is very common in northern Europe and is considered high-quality mineral water. Ramlösa is also popular outside Scandinavia and the water is exported as far as the United States, Middle East, Asia, Australia, and New Zealand.

Ramlösa is today a wholly owned subsidiary of the Danish brewery group Carlsberg.

Swedish commercials for Ramlösa previously had voice-overs by actor Stellan Skarsgård.

Mineral spa
Mineral spas are spa resorts developed around naturally occurring mineral springs. Like seaside resorts, they are mainly used recreationally although they also figured prominently in prescientific medicine.
Balboa Avenue Transit Center
Balboa Avenue Transit Center is a San Diego Trolley station in San Diego. The station is located along Balboa Avenue between Interstate 5 and Morena Boulevard. Service began on November 21, 2021 after the completion of the Blue Line Mid-Coast Trolley extension project.

The City, with input from the Pacific Beach and Clairemont Mesa community planning groups, approved the Balboa Station Area Specific Plan in September 2019.

Artwork from the nearby former Home Savings and Loan building could be incorporated into the station. The Chase bank plans to demolish its building, built in 1977, with eight mosaics by Millard Sheets on the exterior.

Millard Sheets
Millard Owen Sheets (June 24, 1907 – March 31, 1989) was an American artist, teacher, and architectural designer. He was one of the earliest of the California Scene Painting artists and helped define the art movement. Many of his large-scale building-mounted mosaics from the mid-20th century are still extant in Southern California. His paintings are in the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Whitney Museum in New York, the Chicago Art Institute, the National Gallery in Washington D.C.; and the Los Angeles County Museum.
Joel Krige
Christman Joel Ackerman Krige (3 March 1868 – 10 August 1933) served as Speaker of the Union of South Africa. He was born in Stellenbosch, qualified as a lawyer and established himself in Caledon. He got involved in politics as member of the Afrikanerbond and was deported during the Second Boer War. After becoming mayor, he was elected onto the first Union parliament in 1910 as follower as General  Louis Botha. He became Chief Whip of the South African Party and followed Sir John Molteno in 1915 as Speaker of the House of Assembly, a post he held until 1924.

He married Anna Susanna Christina Roos, and had six children: Willem Adolph, Tielman Johannes Roos, Elizabeth Renée, Louisa Jacoba, Christman Joel McKinley and Desirée Suzanna. Issie Smuts was his niece. He died in 1933.

Afrikaner Bond
The Afrikaner Bond (Afrikaans and Dutch for "Afrikaner Union"; South African Dutch: Afrikander Bond) was founded as an anti-imperialist political party in 19th century southern Africa. While its origins were largely in the Orange Free State, it came to have a significant presence across the region, and especially in the Cape Colony and the Transvaal.: 85

The Afrikaner Bond was distinct from the later Afrikaner Broederbond which, while similarly named, was a secret cultural organisation formed in 1918, not a political party.
Al-Kawthar
Al-Kawthar (Arabic: الكوثر, lit. 'Abundance') is the 108th chapter (sūrah) of the Quran. It is the shortest chapter, consisting of three ayat or verses:

۝ Verily, We have granted you abundance.

۝ So pray to your Lord and sacrifice [to Him alone].

۝ Indeed, your enemy is the one cut off.

There are several opinions regarding its timing and contextual background of revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl). According to Ibn Ishaq, it is an early Meccan surah, revealed in Mecca.

The word Kawthar is derived from the triliteral root ك - ث - ر (k - th - r), meaning "to increase, to be plentiful, abundance." It appears in the Qur'an solely in this sūrah.

Asbab al-Nuzul
Occasions or circumstances of revelation (in Arabic أسباب النزول asbāb al-nuzūl) names the historical context in which Quranic verses were revealed from the perspective of traditional Islam. Though of some use in reconstructing the Qur'an's historicity, asbāb is by nature an exegetical rather than a historiographical genre, and as such usually associates the verses it explicates with general situations rather than specific events. The study of asbāb al-nuzūl is part of the study of Tafsir (interpretation of the Qur'an).
1891 Western University of Pennsylvania football team
The 1891 Western University of Pennsylvania football team was an American football team that represented the Western University of Pennsylvania (now known as the University of Pittsburgh) as an independent during the 1891 college football season.

Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania
Beaver Falls is a city in Beaver County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 9,005 at the 2020 census. The city lies along the Beaver River 6 miles (9.7 km) north of its confluence with the Ohio River. It is 31 miles (50 km) northwest of Pittsburgh and is part of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area.
Gardères
Gardères (French pronunciation: [ɡaʁdɛʁ]; Occitan: Gardèras) is a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department in south-western France.

Together with Luquet, the commune forms an enclave of Hautes-Pyrénées within the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques. A neighbouring second enclave comprises the communes of Escaunets, Séron and Villenave-près-Béarn.

Hautes-Pyrénées
Hautes-Pyrénées (French pronunciation: [ot piʁene] ⓘ; Gascon/Occitan: Nauts Pirenèus / Hauts Pirenèus ['awts piɾeˈnɛʊs]; Spanish: Altos Pirineos; Catalan: Alts Pirineus ['alts piɾiˈneʊs]; ) is a department in the region of Occitania, southwestern France. The department is bordered by Pyrénées-Atlantiques to the west, Gers to the north, Haute-Garonne to the east, as well by the Spanish province of Huesca in the autonomous community of Aragon to the south. In 2019, its population was 229,567; its prefecture is Tarbes. It is named after the Pyrenees mountain range.