hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fritz Fullriede
Fritz Fullriede (4 January 1895 – 3 November 1969) was a German officer and war criminal during World War II. Fullriede fought in the German invasion of Poland, on the Eastern Front, in the Afrika Korps and the Italian Campaign. The last commander of Festung Kolberg, Fullriede received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves in 1945. Fullfriede's capable defense of Kolberg allowed 70,000 civilians and 40,000 military personnel to evacuate Kolberg via sea route to other parts of Germany. After the war, Fullriede was tried and convicted by a Dutch court for his role in the Putten raid of 1944. He was sentenced to 2.5 years in prison.

Afrika Korps
The German Africa Corps (German: Deutsches Afrikakorps, pronounced [ˈdɔʏtʃəs ˈʔaːfʁikaˌkoːɐ̯] ⓘ; DAK), commonly known as Afrika Korps, was the German expeditionary force in Africa during the North African campaign of World War II. First sent as a holding force to shore up the Italian defense of its African colonies, the formation fought on in Africa, under various appellations, from March 1941 until its surrender in May 1943. The unit's best known commander was Field Marshal Erwin Rommel, whose reputation as one of the ablest tank commanders of the war earned him the nickname "the Desert Fox" (der Wüstenfuchs).
Red Oak Community School District
41°01′19″N 95°14′05″W﻿ / ﻿41.022068°N 95.234800°W﻿ / 41.022068; -95.234800

The Red Oak Community School District is a rural public school district based in Red Oak, Iowa.  The district is mainly in Montgomery County, with small areas in Page and Pottawattamie counties.  The district serves the towns of Red Oak and Coburg, and surrounding rural areas.

The school's mascot is the Tigers. Their colors are orange and black.

Montgomery County, Iowa
Montgomery County is a county located in the southwestern area of the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 10,330, and was estimated to be 10,063 in 2024. Its population has declined since a peak in 1900, since urbanization and decline of family farms. The county seat is Red Oak. The county was founded by European-American migrants from eastern areas in 1851. It was named in honor of Richard Montgomery, an American Revolutionary War general killed in 1775 while trying to capture Quebec City, Canada.

The county has been largely rural and devoted to agriculture. The county was first surveyed in 1852. It is famous as the location of the unsolved Villisca axe murders committed in 1912. Clyde Cessna, the founder of the Cessna Aircraft Company was born here.
Marmaduke Sheild
Arthur Marmaduke Sheild (1858–1922) was a surgeon, whose career was curtailed by an accidental, self-inflicted injury while operating, and a benefactor of Cambridge University, which named its chair in pharmacology in his honour.

Benefactor (law)
A benefactor (from Latin  bene 'good' and  factor 'maker') is a person who gives some form of help to benefit a person, group or organization (the beneficiary), often gifting a monetary contribution in the form of an endowment to help a cause. Benefactors are humanitarian leaders and charitable patrons providing assistance in many forms, such as an alumnus from a university giving back to a college or an individual providing assistance to others.
2010 Estoril Open – Men's doubles
Eric Butorac and Scott Lipsky were the defending champions, but they chose to compete in Munich instead.
Marc López and David Marrero won in the final 6–7(1–7), 6–4, [10–4], against Pablo Cuevas and Marcel Granollers.

Marcel Granollers
Marcel Granollers Pujol (Catalan pronunciation: [məɾˈsɛl ɣɾənuˈʎes puˈʒɔl]; Spanish: [maɾˈθel ɣɾanoˈʎeɾs puˈʝol]; born 12 April 1986) is a Spanish professional tennis player. He reached a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 1 on 6 May 2024, becoming the second Spanish man to achieve the feat (after Emilio Sánchez Vicario in 1989). He is a Grand Slam champion at the 2025 French Open and at the 2025 US Open with Horacio Zeballos. He also has a career-high singles ranking of No. 19 achieved on 23 July 2012.

Granollers has won 36 ATP titles, 4 in singles and 32 in doubles, including also the 2012 ATP World Tour Finals in doubles with compatriot Marc López. Additionally, Granollers also has 5 runner-up finishes at the 2014 French Open & 2014 US Open with López, at the 2019 US Open, at the 2021 & 2023 Wimbledon Championships with Zeballos.
Project 23560 Lider-class destroyer
The Lider class (Russian: Лидер, lit. 'leader'), also referred to as Shkval class (Russian: шквал, lit. 'squall'), Russian designation Project 23560 Lider for domestic use and Project 23560E Shkval for export, is a combined stealth nuclear-powered guided-missile destroyer and cruiser, under consideration for the Russian Navy.

In April 2020, the Lider project was reported to be suspended. However, in August 2025, Admiral Alexander Moiseev the  commander-in-chief of the Navy, stated that the project remained under development.

Nuclear propulsion
Nuclear propulsion includes a wide variety of propulsion methods that use some form of nuclear reaction as their primary power source. Many aircraft carriers and submarines currently use uranium fueled nuclear reactors that can provide propulsion for long periods  without refueling. There are also applications in the space sector with nuclear thermal and nuclear electric engines which could be more efficient than conventional rocket engines.

The idea of using nuclear material for propulsion dates back to the beginning of the 20th century. In 1903 it was hypothesized that radioactive material, radium, might be a suitable fuel for engines to propel cars, planes, and boats. H. G. Wells picked up this idea in his 1914 fiction work The World Set Free.
Klaus Höpcke
Klaus Höpcke (27 November 1933 – 14 October 2023) was a German politician. A member of the Party of Democratic Socialism, he served in the Landtag of Thuringia from 1990 to 1999.

Höpcke died in Berlin on 14 October 2023, at the age of 89.

Landtag of Thuringia
The Landtag of Thuringia is the parliament of the German state of Thuringia. It convenes in Erfurt and currently consists of 88 members from five parties. According to the free state's constitution, the primary functions of the Landtag are to pass laws, elect the Minister-President and control the government of Thuringia.
Eden Center
Eden Center is a Vietnamese American strip mall located near the crossroads of Seven Corners in the City of Falls Church, Virginia. Eden Center is the largest Vietnamese commercial center on the East Coast and is considered Falls Church's top tourist destination. The center is home to more than 120 shops, restaurants and businesses catering extensively to the Asian American, especially the Vietnamese-American, population. Eden Center has created an anchor for Vietnamese culture serving the Virginia, North Carolina, Maryland, and Pennsylvania areas, as shown by the large number of phở soup restaurants, bánh mì delicatessens, bakeries, markets, as well as Vietnamese-American cultural events that are regularly held at the center.

Vietnamese Americans
Vietnamese Americans (Vietnamese: Người Mỹ gốc Việt, Vietnamese pronunciation: [ŋɯəj˨˩ mi˦ˀ˥ ɣŏk˧˦ viət̚˧˨ʔ~ziət̚˧˨ʔ]) are Americans of Vietnamese ancestry. They constitute a major part of all overseas Vietnamese. As of 2023, over 2.3 million people of Vietnamese descent live in the United States, making them the fourth largest Asian American ethnic group. The majority (60%) are immigrants, while 40% were born in the United States. The number includes people of other ethnicities such as Montagnards, Tais, Chams, or Hoa Chinese.

The Vietnamese American population grew significantly after 1975, when a large wave of South Vietnamese refugees arrived in the U.S. following the end of the Vietnam War. Today, over half of Vietnamese-Americans reside in California and Texas, particularly in metropolitan areas like Los Angeles, Houston, and San Jose.
Quaker Meadows Cemetery
Quaker Meadows Cemetery is a historic cemetery located near Morganton, North Carolina, U.S.. It includes 59 gravesites dated between 1767 and 1879; 53 of them are marked by gravestones.  The earliest grave is of David McDowell (1767), the two-year-old grandson of Joseph McDowell, the first permanent white settler in the area.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.

Morganton, North Carolina
Morganton is a city in and the county seat of Burke County, North Carolina, United States. It is located in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains along the Catawba River.

The population was 17,474 at the 2020 census. Morganton is approximately 75 miles (121 km) northwest of Charlotte and 57 miles (92 km) east of Asheville. It is one of the principal cities in the Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Jan Zwartkruis
Johannes Hermanus Hendrikus "Jan" Zwartkruis (Dutch pronunciation: [jɑn ˈzʋɑrtkrœys]; 18 February 1926 – 7 March 2013) was a Dutch manager. He was manager of the Netherlands national team for two periods (1976–77, 1978–81), coaching the team in 28 matches, including the 1980 UEFA European Football Championship and 1980 Mundialito. He also coached the Trinidad and Tobago for a brief time in the 1980s and the Netherlands Antilles during the 1994 FIFA World Cup qualification round for CONCACAF Caribbean Zone.

UEFA Euro 1980
The 1980 UEFA European Football Championship finals tournament was held in Italy. This was the sixth UEFA European Championship, which is held every four years and endorsed by UEFA. It was the first European Championship to feature eight teams in the finals, which took place between 11 and 22 June 1980. West Germany won the final 2–1 against Belgium for their second title. This was the last European Championship with a third place play-off.
Mangbutu–Lese languages
The Mangbutu–Lese languages of the Central Sudanic language family, also known as Mangbutu–Efe or simply Mangbutu (e.g. Starostin 2016), are a cluster of closely related languages spoken in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda. Moru–Madi languages are spoken to the northeast, and Mangbetu languages are spoken to the west.

The languages are:

Mangbutu, Mvuba, Ndo, Mamvu, Lese, Bendi.

Efe (the language of the Efe Pygmies) is often counted as another, but appears to be a dialect of Lese. Ndo (Membitu) is the most populous language and is spoken by a caste of blacksmiths.

Efé people
The Efé are a group of part-time hunter-gatherer people living in the Ituri Rainforest of the Democratic Republic of Congo. In the depths of the forest they do not wear much clothing, using only leaf huts as shelter for their bodies in the intense heat. The Efé are Pygmies, and one of the shortest peoples in the world. The men grow to an average height of 142 cm (4 ft. 8 in.), and women tend to be about 5 cm (2 in.) shorter.

Dr. Jean-Pierre Hallet was very involved with the Efé, from raising awareness to the plight of the tribe, to the introduction of new foods and methods previously unknown (such as a legume called the "winged bean" of New Guinea). He also introduced new methods of farming to the Efé, who likely had been a hunter-gatherer society for many thousands of years.
Titti De Simone
Caterina De Simone, known as Titti De Simone (born 15 February 1970) is an Italian politician and was a member of the  Chamber of Deputies in the 14th and 15th parliaments from 2001 to 2008 for the Communist Refoundation Party (Rifondazione Comunista). When elected in 2001 she was the first openly lesbian member of the Chamber of Deputies.

She was born in Palermo, Sicily.  She has a diploma from an istituto tecnico per il turismo and is a journalist. In July 2019, she entered into a civil union with Francesca (Chicca) Vitucci.

Recognition of same-sex unions in Italy
Italy has recognised civil unions since 5 June 2016, providing same-sex couples with almost all of the legal protections, benefits and rights of marriage. A bill to this effect was approved by the Senate on 25 February 2016 and by the Chamber of Deputies on 11 May. It was signed into law by President Sergio Mattarella on 20 May, published in the Gazzetta Ufficiale the next day and took effect on 5 June 2016. The law does not grant same-sex couples joint adoption rights or access to in vitro fertilisation. Before this, several regions had supported a national law on civil unions and some municipalities passed laws providing for civil unions, though the rights conferred by these unions varied from place to place.

Italy remains one of the last countries in Western Europe not to have legalized same-sex marriage. Polling suggests that a majority of Italians support the legal recognition of same-sex marriage.
Baikal (drink)
Baikal (Russian: Байкал) is a Soviet non-alcoholic beverage of dark-brown colour, developed as an alternative to Coca-Cola. The beverage's basis is water, but it also contains extracts of natural herbs, sugar, citric acid, and carbon dioxide. The natural herbs and extracts utilized typically include black tea extract, Siberian ginseng, cardamom oil, eucalyptus oil, lemon oil, liquorice, St. John's wort and laurel.

Eucalyptus oil
Eucalyptus oil is the generic name for distilled oil from the leaves of Eucalyptus, a genus of the plant family Myrtaceae, mostly native to Australia but cultivated worldwide. Eucalyptus oil has a history of wide application, as a pharmaceutical, antiseptic, repellent, flavouring and fragrance, as well as having industrial uses. The leaves of selected Eucalyptus species are steam distilled to extract eucalyptus oil.
Hump and hollow
Hump and hollow, occasionally termed "flipping", is a technique of contouring pastures to improve productivity especially on the West Coast of New Zealand.

The technique, used on peat soils and in areas of high rainfall, allows for faster water runoff and lowers the level the water table. 
In a three-year trial at Kowhitirangi on the West Coast of New Zealand where the annual rainfall is 3000mm, an improvement of 14% was made when compared with no drainage.

Hump and hollowing is increasingly used on the West Coast and concerns have been raised about the effects on water quality.  There is also an effect on soil structure, catchment hydrology, and modifications to habitat.

Runoff (hydrology)
Runoff is the flow of water across the earth, and is a major component in the hydrological cycle. Runoff that flows over land before reaching a watercourse is referred to as surface runoff or overland flow. Once in a watercourse, runoff is referred to as streamflow, channel runoff, or river runoff.
Urban runoff is surface runoff created by urbanization.
Robin Bryntesson
Kjell Magnus Robin Bryntesson (born 17 October 1985 in Rossön, Ångermanland) is a Swedish cross-country skier who has been competing since 2003. His only World Cup victory took place at Whistler Olympic Park in the team sprint event on 17 January 2009.

Bryntesson also won seven FIS Races during his career since 2007.

Bryntesson won a silver medal as the sighted guide for Zebastian Modin at the 2018 Winter Paralympics in Pyeongchang.

Ångermanland
Ångermanland (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɔ̂ŋːɛrmanˌland] or [ˈɔ̌ŋːɛrmanland] ⓘ) is a historical province (landskap) in the northern part of Sweden. It is bordered (clockwise from the north) by Swedish Lapland, Västerbotten, the Gulf of Bothnia, Medelpad and Jämtland.

The name is derived from the Old Norse anger, which means "deep fjord" and is a reference to the deep mouth of the Ångerman River (Ångermanälven). The Latin name of the province is Angermannia.
USS Shadwell
USS Shadwell (LSD-15) was a Casa Grande-class dock landing ship in the United States Navy. She was named after Shadwell plantation, Albemarle County, Virginia, the birthplace and early home of Thomas Jefferson, author of the Declaration of Independence and third President of the United States.

Initially authorized under the Lend-Lease Act and named Tomahawk, then renamed Waterway upon assignment to the United Kingdom, LSD-15 was reassigned back to the United States and named Shadwell. She was laid down on 17 January 1944 by the Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Co., at Newport News, Virginia; launched on 24 May 1944; sponsored by Miss Mary Greenman; and commissioned on 24 July 1944.

Dock landing ship
A dock landing ship (also called landing ship, dock or LSD) is an amphibious warfare ship with a well dock to transport and launch landing craft and amphibious vehicles. Some ships with well decks, such as the Soviet Ivan Rogov class, also have bow doors to enable them to deliver vehicles directly onto a beach (like a tank landing ship). Modern dock landing ships also operate helicopters.

A ship with a well deck (docking well) can transfer cargo to landing craft in rougher seas far more easily than a ship which has to use cranes or a stern ramp. The U.S. Navy hull classification symbol for a ship with a well deck depends on its facilities for aircraft—a (modern) LSD has a helicopter deck, a landing platform dock also has a hangar, and a landing helicopter dock or landing helicopter assault has a full-length flight deck.
Tourist Trap (TV series)
Tourist Trap is a Welsh TV mockumentary-style comedy series following the fictional tourist board WOW Wales. Sally Phillips heads the cast as the director of the organization. The show was first broadcast on BBC One Wales in 2018 as part of the channel's Festival Of Funny. As of 2024, the series is available to stream for free in the UK on BBC iPlayer.

BBC iPlayer
BBC iPlayer (stylised as iPLAYER or BBC iPLAYER) is a video on demand service from the BBC. The service is available over-the-top on a wide range of devices, including mobile phones and tablets, personal computers and smart televisions. iPlayer services delivered to UK-based viewers are free from commercial advertising. To use the service, a valid TV Licence is required by law.

The terms BBC iPlayer, iPlayer, and BBC Media Player refer to various methods of viewing or listening to the same content. BBC iPlayer launched in 2007. Previously, a separate BBC iPlayer Radio brand was used for radio services but this was replaced with BBC Sounds in 2018. The current logo and rebranding to "iPLAYER" has been in use since 2021.

Currently, some programmes can be watched in UHD on iPlayer as part of an ongoing trial, as well as streaming major live events in 4K on iPlayer.
Roti
Roti is a round flatbread originating from the Indian subcontinent. It is commonly consumed in many South Asian, Southeast Asian, Caribbean, East African, and Southeast African countries.

It is made from stoneground whole-wheat flour, known as atta, combined into a dough with added water. Its defining characteristic is that it is unleavened. Naan from the Indian subcontinent, by contrast, is a yeast-leavened bread, as is kulcha. Like breads around the world, roti is a staple accompaniment to other foods.

Southeast Africa
Southern Africa, or Southeastern Africa, is an African region that is intermediate between East Africa and Southern Africa. It comprises the countries Burundi, Botswana, Eswatini, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe in the mainland, with the island-nations of Madagascar, Mauritius, Comoros, and Seychelles also included.
Bill Auberlen
William Anthony Auberlen (born October 12, 1968) is an American factory race car driver known for his affiliation with BMW, driving cars made and run by the famous German marque for a number of years. Auberlen currently competes for Turner Motorsport in the IMSA SportsCar Championship and Michelin Pilot Challenge.

IMSA
The International Motor Sports Association (IMSA) is a North American sports car racing sanctioning body based in Daytona Beach, Florida, under the jurisdiction of the ACCUS arm of the FIA. It was started by John Bishop, a former executive director of SCCA (Sports Car Club of America), and his wife Peggy in 1969 with help from Bill France Sr. of NASCAR. Beginning in 2014, IMSA is the sanctioning body of the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship, the premier series resulting from the merger of Grand-Am Road Racing and the American Le Mans Series.  IMSA is owned by NASCAR Holdings, as a subsidiary company with a designated board of directors.
Harttia carvalhoi
Harttia carvalhoi is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Loricariidae, the mailed catfishes, and the subfamily Loricariinae, the armored suckermouth catfishes. This catfish is endemic to southeastern Brazil where it is found in the Paraíba do Sul drainage basin. This species attains a maximum standard length of 7.1 cm (2.8 in).

Harttia carvalhoi has the specific name, carvalhoi, which honors the collector of the holotype, the Brazilian herpetologist and ichthyologist Antenor Leitão de Carvalho.

Loricariidae
Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish (order Siluriformes), with over 90 genera and just over 680 species. Loricariids originate from freshwater habitats of Costa Rica, Panama, and tropical and subtropical South America. These fish are noted for the bony plates covering their bodies and their suckermouths. Several genera are sold as "plecos", notably the suckermouth catfish, Hypostomus plecostomus, and are popular as aquarium fish.
2002 Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference baseball tournament
The 2002 Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference baseball tournament took place from May 23 through 25, 2002. The top four regular season finishers of the league's teams met in the double-elimination tournament held at Dutchess Stadium in Wappingers Falls, New York. Marist won their third consecutive (and third overall) tournament championship and earned the conference's automatic bid to the 2002 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.

Marist Red Foxes baseball
The Marist Red Foxes baseball team is a varsity intercollegiate athletic team of Marist University in Poughkeepsie, New York, United States. The team is a member of the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference, which is part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I. The team plays its home games at James J. McCann Baseball Field in Poughkeepsie, New York. Baseball was added to the Marist Athletic Department in the fall of 1990 and their inaugural season was 1991. The Red Foxes are coached by Lance Ratchford.
Peter Pan statue
The statue of Peter Pan is a 1912 bronze sculpture of J. M. Barrie's character Peter Pan. It was commissioned by Barrie and made by Sir George Frampton. The original statue is displayed in Kensington Gardens in London, to the west of The Long Water, close to Barrie's former home on Bayswater Road. Barrie's stories were inspired in part by the gardens: the statue is at the place where Peter Pan lands in Barrie's 1902 book The Little White Bird after flying out of his nursery. Six other casts made by Frampton have been erected in other places around the world.

Bayswater Road
51°30′37.5″N 0°11′6.5″W﻿ / ﻿51.510417°N 0.185139°W﻿ / 51.510417; -0.185139

Bayswater Road is the main road running along the northern edge of Hyde Park in London. Originally part of the A40 road, it is now designated part of the A402 road.
Kinda Love
"Kinda Love" is the first single from Scottish singer Darius's second album, Live Twice (2004). Released on 18 October 2004, the song peaked at number eight on the UK Singles Chart and number two on the Scottish Singles Chart.

Scottish Singles and Albums Charts
The Scottish Albums Chart is a chart compiled by the Official Charts Company (OCC) which is based on how physical and digital sales towards the UK Albums Chart fare in Scotland. The official singles chart for Scotland, the Scottish Singles Chart, which was based on how physical and digital sales towards the UK Singles Chart were faring in Scotland has not been published since 20 November 2020.

Since 20 November 2020, only the Scottish Albums Chart has been published by the OCC, and it has been based on physical sales only, with the OCC only publishing the albums chart on their website since 11 December 2020.