hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Patrick Chinamasa
Patrick Antony Chinamasa (born 25 January 1947) is a Zimbabwean politician who served in the government of Zimbabwe as the minister of various cabinet ministries. Previously he served as the Minister of Finance and Investment Promotion and the Minister of Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs.

On 9 October 2017, he was appointed as Minister of the newly created Ministry of Cyber Security, Threat Detection and Mitigation. On 27 November 2017, Emmerson Mnangagwa, who succeeded Robert Mugabe as President of Zimbabwe following the 2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état, appointed Chinamasa as the nation's acting Finance Minister. He was substantively returned to his portfolio as Minister of Finance and Economic Development in Mnangagwa's first cabinet on 30 November 2017.

Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai
The Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai (MDC–T) was a centre-left political party and was the main opposition party in the House of Assembly of Zimbabwe ahead of the 2018 elections. After the split of the original Movement for Democratic Change in 2005, the MDC–T remained the major opposition faction, while a smaller faction, the Movement for Democratic Change – Ncube, or MDC–N, was led by Welshman Ncube.
Falcitornoceras
Falcitornoceras is a goniatitid ammonite from the Late Devonian, early Famennian, that has been found in France and Spain.  Falcitornoceras was named by House and Price, 1985, and is the type genus for the subfamily Falcitornoceratinae.

The shell of Falcitornoceras is strongly involute, lacking an umbilicus. Juvenile stages have falcate ribs which cross the ventral rim; the ventro-lateral area bears weak to strong furrows.  The adventitious lobe, high on the flank, is rounded or subacute and the lateral lobe has an inconspicuous saddle at the umbilical seam.

Falcitornoceras is slightly older than Gundolficeras and somewhat younger than Phoenixites, close relatives, although temporally overlapping both.

Falcitornoceratinae
Falcitornoceratinae is one of three subfamilies of the Tornoceratidae family, a member of the Goniatitida order.  Shells produced are extremely involute and have no umbilicus.  Young and intermediate whorls have ventrolateral grooves.  The adventitious lobe, which develops ontogenetically between the external, or ventral, and lateral lobes, is widely rounded. Tornoceratids in which the Falcitornoceratinae are included are involute, subdiscoidal, with sutures that form 6 to 10 lobes.
Fluminicola nuttallianus
Fluminicola nuttallianus, common name dusky pebblesnail, is a possibly extinct species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Lithoglyphidae.

Fluminicola nuttallianus is the type species of the genus Fluminicola.

Lithoglyphidae
Lithoglyphidae is a family of small freshwater snails with gills and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks.

This family is in the superfamily Truncatelloidea and in the clade Littorinimorpha (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
M. F. S. Pulle
M. F. S. Pulle (1898–1975) was Ceylonese judge and lawyer. He was a Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Ceylon and the 17th Solicitor General of Ceylon. He was appointed on 1948, succeeding Hema Henry Basnayake, and held the office until 1950. He was succeeded by Robert Crossette-Thambiah.

Solicitor General of Sri Lanka
The solicitor general of Sri Lanka is a post subordinate to the attorney general of Sri Lanka. The solicitor general of Sri Lanka assists the attorney general, and is assisted by four additional solicitors general. Note that the post was solicitor general of Ceylon until Sri Lanka became a republic in 1972.
The Fate of Liberty
The Fate of Liberty: Abraham Lincoln and Civil Liberties is a 1991 book by American historian Mark E. Neely, Jr., published by Oxford University Press. The book examines President Abraham Lincoln's suspension of habeas corpus and other rights during the American Civil War. The book was awarded the 1992 Pulitzer Prize for History.

Pulitzer Prize for History
The Pulitzer Prize for History, administered by Columbia University, is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music. It has been presented since 1917 for a distinguished book about the history of the United States. Thus it is one of the original Pulitzers, for the program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, four of which were awarded that year. The Pulitzer Prize program has also recognized some historical work with its Biography prize, from 1917, and its General Nonfiction prize, from 1962.

Finalists have been announced since 1980, ordinarily two others beside the winner.
Dorsal root ganglion
A dorsal root ganglion (or spinal ganglion; also known as a posterior root ganglion) is a cluster of neurons (a ganglion) in a dorsal root of a spinal nerve. The cell bodies of sensory neurons, known as first-order neurons, are located in the dorsal root ganglia.

The axons of dorsal root ganglion neurons are known as afferents. In the peripheral nervous system, afferents refer to the axons that relay sensory information into the central nervous system (i.e., the brain and the spinal cord).

Spinal nerve
A spinal nerve is a mixed nerve, which carries motor, sensory, and autonomic signals between the spinal cord and the body. In the human body there are 31 pairs of spinal nerves, one on each side of the vertebral column. These are grouped into the corresponding cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal regions of the spine. There are eight pairs of cervical nerves, twelve pairs of thoracic nerves, five pairs of lumbar nerves, five pairs of sacral nerves, and one pair of coccygeal nerves. The spinal nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system.
HD 96566
HD 96566 is a single star in the southern constellation of Carina. It has the Bayer designation z1 Carinae; HD 96566 is the identifier from the Henry Draper Catalogue. This object has a yellow hue and is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +4.62. The star is located at a distance of approximately 383 light years from the Sun based on parallax, but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −1 km/s. It has an absolute magnitude of −0.81.

This is an aging G-type giant star with a stellar classification of G7.5III, which indicates it has exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core then cooled and expanded off the main sequence. It has an estimated 3.7 times the mass of the Sun and has grown to 21 times the Sun's radius. The metallicity, or abundance of elements other than hydrogen and helium, is about the same as in the Sun. It is radiating about 242 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,913 K.

Henry Draper Catalogue
The Henry Draper Catalogue (HD) is an astronomical star catalogue published between 1918 and 1924, giving spectroscopic classifications for 225,300 stars; it was later expanded by the Henry Draper Extension (HDE), published between 1925 and 1936, which gave classifications for 46,850 more stars, and by the Henry Draper Extension Charts (HDEC), published from 1937 to 1949 in the form of charts, which gave classifications for 86,933 more stars. In all, 359,083 stars were classified as of August 2017.

The HD catalogue is named after Henry Draper, an amateur astronomer, and covers the entire sky almost completely down to an apparent photographic magnitude of about 9; the extensions added fainter stars in certain areas of the sky. The construction of the Henry Draper Catalogue was part of a pioneering effort to classify stellar spectra, and its catalogue numbers are commonly used as a way of identifying stars.
Kevin O'Brien (Wicklow Gaelic footballer)
Kevin O'Brien (Irish: Caoimhín Ó Briain) is a former Gaelic footballer from Baltinglass, County Wicklow. O'Brien was part of the great Baltinglass team that dominated Wicklow football in the 80's and 90's, winning an All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship Title in 1990. He is also the only Wicklow recipient of an All Star having won one in 1990 at Full Forward. He won a Railway Cup medal with Leinster in 1986, before he had even played for his county and added a second in 1990. He also represented the Irish International Rules team in 1990 in the success over Australia and again in the 1998 Series. He was also part of the Wicklow team that won the All-Ireland Junior Football Championship Title in 2002. He was inducted in the GAA's Hall of Fame in 2010 and is one of the youngest recipients of the accolade. He received his award at the 2010 Leinster final.

He was appointed manager of the Wicklow under-20 football team in 2021.

Wicklow GAA
The Wicklow County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael, Coiste Chontae Cill Mhantáin) or Wicklow GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Wicklow. The county board is also responsible for the Wicklow county teams.

The county football team plays in the Leinster Senior Football Championship. Wicklow has had very little success at senior level, being the only football team in the province and one of two in Ireland to have never won a senior title in either code, the other being Fermanagh.

The county hurling team competes in the Christy Ring Cup, the third tier of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship. The county reached the final in both the 2011 and 2012 cups, losing to Kerry and London respectively.
Alcibie
In Greek Mythology Alcibie (Ancient Greek: Αλκίβια or Αλκιβίη; Αλκι means prowess, βια/βίη means strength or force) was one of the Amazons, a race of warrior-women. She fought with their queen, Penthesilea to the Trojan War.

Penthesilea
Penthesilea (Greek: Πενθεσίλεια, romanized: Penthesíleia) was an Amazonian queen in Greek mythology, the daughter of Ares and Otrera and the sister of Hippolyta, Antiope, and Melanippe. She assisted Troy in the Trojan War, during which she was killed by Achilles or Neoptolemus. The asteroid 271 Penthesilea, discovered in 1887, was named in her honor.
Lockout (sports)
In North American professional sports, a lockout is the shutdown of a professional sports league by team owners, usually due to a failure of a sports league to come to agree on a collective bargaining agreement with the league's player union. When a lockout occurs, owners close facilities and prevent any team activities, which can result in missed games, loss of paychecks, and unhappy fans. Notable lockouts  include the 1972 Major League Baseball strike, the 1981 Major League Baseball strike, the 1982 NFL strike, 1987 NFL strike, the 1994–95 NHL lockout, the 1994–95 Major League Baseball strike, the 1998–99 NBA lockout, the 2004–05 NHL lockout, the 2011 NBA lockout, the 2012 NFL referee lockout, the 2012-13 NHL lockout, the 2021–22 Major League Baseball lockout, the 2023 LCS player strike, and the 2024 MLS referee lockout.

2012 NFL referee lockout
The 2012 NFL referee lockout was a labor dispute between the National Football League (NFL) and the NFL Referees Association (NFLRA) that resulted in the use of replacement officials through Week 3 of the 2012 NFL season. The lockout began in June 2012 after both sides failed to reach consensus on a collective bargaining agreement. On September 26, 2012, an agreement was reached to end the lockout after increasing criticism of the NFL and the performance of the replacement officials, culminating in the "Fail Mary" game between the Seattle Seahawks and the Green Bay Packers.
Toxicity
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity). Sometimes the word is more or less synonymous with poisoning in everyday usage.

A central concept of toxicology is that the effects of a toxicant are dose-dependent; even water can lead to water intoxication when taken in too high a dose, whereas for even a very toxic substance such as snake venom there is a dose below which there is no detectable toxic effect. Toxicity is species-specific, making cross-species analysis problematic. Newer paradigms and metrics are evolving to bypass animal testing, while maintaining the concept of toxicity endpoints.

Dose (biochemistry)
A dose is the quantity of a medication, nutrient, or pathogen to be given at one time, or the total quantity of a medication administered during a specified period of time. In nutrition, the term is usually applied to how much of a specific nutrient is in a person's diet or in a particular food, meal, or dietary supplement. For bacterial or viral agents, dose typically refers to the amount of the pathogen required to infect a host.

In clinical pharmacology, dose refers to the amount of drug administered to a person, and dosage is a fuller description that includes not only the dose (e.g., "500 mg") but also the frequency and duration of the treatment (e.g., "twice a day for one week"). Exposure is defined as the contact with or ingestion of substances, which can lead to a range of clinical presentations. This is in contrast to their interchangeable use in other fields.
Niechorze
Niechorze [ɲɛˈxɔʐɛ] (German: Horst or Groß Horst, from the 1930s till 1945 Horst-Seebad) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rewal, within Gryfice County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is situated between the Baltic Sea to the north and Liwia Łuża lake to the south. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Rewal, 22 km (14 mi) north of Gryfice, and 82 km (51 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. It is located on the Trzebiatowski Coast.

The village has a population of 904.

Trzęsacz, Gryfice County
Trzęsacz [ˈtʂɛ̃sat͡ʂ] (German: Hoff an der Ostsee) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rewal, within Gryfice County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies on the Baltic coast, approximately 2 km (1 mi) west of Rewal, 23 km (14 mi) north-west of Gryfice, and 79 km (49 mi) north of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania and History of Gryfice.

The village has a population of 89. It is a tourist center, famous for its ancient church, which has been reduced over the ages to a lone southern wall.
Olema Creek
Olema Creek is a 12.7-mile-long (20.4 km) northwestward-flowing stream originating on the western flank of Bolinas Ridge, which is part of the Marin Hills, part of the Pacific Coast Ranges mountain system in California, United States. Olema Creek flows to Lagunitas Creek and thence to Tomales Bay and the Pacific Ocean.

Threatened species
A threatened species is any species (including animals, plants and fungi) which is vulnerable to extinction in the near future. Species that are threatened are sometimes characterised by the population dynamics measure of critical depensation, a mathematical measure of biomass related to population growth rate. This quantitative metric is one method of evaluating the degree of endangerment without direct reference to human activity.
Walking meditation
Walking meditation (Chinese: 經行; Pinyin: jīngxíng; Romaji: kinhin or kyōgyō; Korean: gyeonghyaeng; Vietnamese: kinh hành) is a meditation practice done while walking common in Buddhism. It can be done as a standalone practice or as a break in between long periods of sitting meditation. In different forms, the practice is common in various traditions of both Theravada and in Mahayana Buddhism. The term kinhin consists of the Chinese words 經, meaning "to go through (like the thread in a loom)", with "sutra" as a secondary meaning, and 行, meaning "walk". Taken literally, the phrase means "to walk straight back and forth."

Circumambulation
Circumambulation (from Latin circum around and ambulātus to walk) is the act of moving around a sacred object or idol.

Circumambulation of temples or deity images is an integral part of Hindu and Buddhist devotional practice (known in Sanskrit as pradakśiṇā). It is also present in other religions, including Christianity, Judaism, and Islam.
Botswana women's national football team
The Botswana women's national football team  is the women's national football team of Botswana and is controlled by the Botswana Football Association. They qualified for their maiden Women's Africa Cup of Nations tournament 2022 in Morocco where they made it to the quarterfinals.

Zimbabwe women's national football team
The Zimbabwe women's national football team represents Zimbabwe in international football. It is controlled by the Zimbabwe Football Association (ZFA), the governing body for football in Zimbabwe.

The team represented Zimbabwe at the 2016 Summer Olympics, making it the fourth African country to qualify for the tournament, where they were eliminated in the group stage.
Taillon
Taillon (French pronunciation: [tajɔ̃]) is a provincial electoral district in the Montérégie region of Quebec, Canada that elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec.  It comprises part of the borough of Le Vieux-Longueuil of the city of Longueuil.

It was created for the 1966 election from Verchères and Chambly electoral districts.

It was named after former Quebec Premier Louis-Olivier Taillon who was in power for four days in 1886 and from 1892 to 1896. It is best known as the riding of Parti Québécois founder René Lévesque, who served as premier from 1976 to 1985.

For the better part of four decades after the PQ seized it in 1976, Taillon was a stronghold for both the PQ and the sovereigntist cause. In the 1995 Quebec referendum it voted 61% for Quebec to separate. However, in 2018, the Coalition Avenir Québec narrowly won it amid its near-sweep of Montérégie.

Chambly (provincial electoral district)
Chambly (French pronunciation: [ʃɑ̃bli]) is a provincial electoral district in the Montérégie region of Quebec, Canada. It includes the city of Chambly and other smaller municipalities.

It was created for the 1867 election (and an electoral district of that name existed earlier in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada and the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada).

In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, it lost Saint-Bruno-de-Montarville to the newly created Montarville electoral district.
Murderbot (TV series)
Murderbot is an American science fiction action comedy television series created by Paul Weitz and Chris Weitz for Apple TV+. It is based on All Systems Red, the first book of the series The Murderbot Diaries by Martha Wells, who serves as a consulting producer. The series stars Alexander Skarsgård as the titular character. The first season premiered on May 16, 2025. In July 2025, the series was renewed for a second season.

The Murderbot Diaries
The Murderbot Diaries is a science fiction series by American author Martha Wells, published by Tor Books. The series is told from the perspective of the titular cyborg guard, a "SecUnit" owned by a futuristic megacorporation. SecUnits include "governor" modules that control and punish the constructs if they take any actions not approved by the company. The ironically self-named "Murderbot" hacked and disabled the module but pretends to be a normal SecUnit, staving off the boredom of security work by watching media. As it spends more time with a series of caring entities (both humans and artificial intelligences), it develops genuine friendships and emotional connections, which it finds inconvenient.
1992 Internazionali di Tennis San Marino
The 1992 Internazionali di Tennis San Marino was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Centro Sportivo Tennis in the City of San Marino, San Marino that was part of the Tier V category of the 1992 WTA Tour. It was the second edition of the WTA San Marino and was held from 20 July until 26 July 1992. First-seeded Magdalena Maleeva won the singles title and earned $18,000 first-prize money.

1992 WTA Tour
The 1992 WTA Tour (officially titled 1992 Kraft General Foods World Tour after its sponsor) was the elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 1992 tennis season.

The WTA Tour is the elite tour for professional women's tennis organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). The WTA Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tier I, Tier II, Tier III and Tier IV events. ITF tournaments are not part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.
Valjean, Saskatchewan
Valjean is an unincorporated community in Chaplin Rural Municipality No. 164, Saskatchewan, Canada. The community is located between the villages of Chaplin and Mortlach on Highway 1, about 8 km east of the town of Chaplin. There currently is a population of 2 residents living in Valjean as of 2011.

Mortlach, Saskatchewan
Mortlach (/ˈmɔːrtlæk/) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Wheatlands No. 163 and Census Division No. 7. The village is on Saskatchewan Highway 1 about 40 km west of the city of Moose Jaw. Thunder Creek passes the community to the north, where it is joined by Sandy Creek. Mortlach became a village on April 19, 1906, and is one of two towns in Saskatchewan to have been incorporated as a town (April 1, 1913) to then be reverted to village status on January 1, 1949; the other is the village of Alsask.
The Troubles in Armagh
The Troubles in Armagh recounts incidents during The Troubles in Armagh City, County Armagh, Northern Ireland; the violence was substantial enough for the city to be referred to by some as "Murder Mile".  Over the course of the Troubles, although mainly concentrated in the years from 1969 until 1994, the small city of around 15,000 people, including some outlying areas, saw 86 deaths, including those of a number of people from the city who lost their lives elsewhere in Troubles-related incidents.

HM Prison Maze
HM Prison Maze (previously Long Kesh Detention Centre, and known colloquially as the Maze or H-Blocks) was a prison and internment camp in Northern Ireland that was used to house paramilitary prisoners during the Troubles from August 1971 to September 2000. On 15 October 1974 Irish Republican internees burned 21 of the compounds used to house the internees thereby destroying much of Long Kesh.

The prison was situated at the former Royal Air Force station of Long Kesh, on the outskirts of Lisburn. This was in the townland of Maze, about nine miles (14 km) southwest of Belfast. The prison and its inmates were involved in such events as the 1981 hunger strike. The prison was closed in 2000 and demolition began on 30 October 2006, but on 18 April 2013 it was announced by the Northern Ireland Executive that the remaining buildings would be redeveloped into a peace centre. However, these plans were later abandoned.
Sokoline
Sokoline is a destroyed Croatian village in the Kotor Varoš municipality in north-central Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the 2013 preliminary census, there were 0 inhabitants.

The village is on the Grabačevac river.

Sokoline had 504 inhabitants in 1991, mostly Croatians. When the war in Bosnia broke out in 1992, all of the inhabitants were expelled from their homes and were promised that they could return. The houses were destroyed together with the church and school. The church was rebuilt in 2000.

Kotor Varoš
Kotor Varoš (Serbian Cyrillic: Котор Варош) is a town and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013 census, the municipality has a population of 19,710 inhabitants, while the town of Kotor Varoš has a population of 7,330 inhabitants.