hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NGC 3913
NGC 3913 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Ursa Major. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background for is 1,124±12 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 54.1 ± 3.8 Mly (16.58 ± 1.17 Mpc). However, three non redshift measurements give a much closer distance of 27.06 ± 14.19 Mly (8.297 ± 4.352 Mpc). It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 14 April 1785. It was also observed by Lewis Swift on 8 May 1890, which resulted in the galaxy also being listed in the Index Catalogue as IC 740.

The SIMBAD database lists NGC 3913 as an Active Galaxy Nucleus Candidate, i.e. it has a compact region at the center of a galaxy that emits a significant amount of energy across the electromagnetic spectrum, with characteristics indicating that this luminosity is not produced by the stars.

Lewis A. Swift
Lewis A. Swift (February 29, 1820 – January 5, 1913) was an American astronomer who discovered 13 comets and 1,248 previously uncatalogued nebulae. Only William Herschel discovered more nebulae visually.
Nesiophasma
Nesiophasma is a genus of very large stick insects within the order Phasmatodea and the tribe of Stephanacridini. This genus is found in Wallacea west of Weber’s Line: Sulawesi, Peleng Island, Selayar Island, Kalaotoa Island, Sanana Island, Romang Island, Timor Island, Sangihe Island and Talaud Islands. New Guinea with doubt. The largest in the list of species is Nesiophasma giganteum, with females reaching a body length of 30 cm (12 inches).

Selayar Island
Selayar is the main island of the Selayar Islands (Kepulauan Selayar).  It lies off the coast of Cape Bira of South Sulawesi Province. The Selayar Straits separate it from the mainland of Sulawesi. Its principal town is Benteng, while much smaller towns to the south are Tanabau, Padang, Tile-tile, Pariangan, Galung, Layolo, Pa'garangang, Barangbarang, to Appattanah. To the north are Parak, Barugayya, Batangmata, Onto, and finally Bonelohe. The island is over 50 miles (80 km) long and very narrow at the northern and southern ends; its area is 798.58 km2 (308.33 sq mi). Benteng is the starting point for diving tours.
Máxima Medisch Centrum
Máxima Medisch Centrum (English: Maxima Medical Centre) is a teaching hospital in the Netherlands, on two locations, in Veldhoven and Eindhoven. It was founded in 2002 through the merger of the Sint-Josephziekenhuis in Veldhoven and the Diaconessenhuis in Eindhoven, and was named after Queen Máxima of the Netherlands. The main location is in Veldhoven, with the location in Eindhoven serving for non-critical care. It is the second biggest hospital in the Eindhoven region, after the Catharina Ziekenhuis in Eindhoven.

Metropoolregio Eindhoven
The Metropoolregio Eindhoven (MRE; English: Eindhoven Metropolitan Region), until 1 January 2014 the Samenwerkingsverband Regio Eindhoven (SRE; English: Cooperative union for the Region of Eindhoven), is a regional governmental agency for the city region of Eindhoven, Netherlands. The MRE comprises 21 municipalities in the Eindhoven agglomeration, with a total area of 1,457.81 square kilometres. The region has nearly three quarters of a million inhabitants and some 35,000 companies (employing over 330,000 people).
2004 IBF World Junior Championships – mixed doubles
The mixed doubles event for the 2004 IBF World Junior Championships was held between 25 October and 30 October. Yu Yang defended her title from the last edition, this time with her new partner He Hanbin.

Yu Yang (badminton)
Yu Yang (Chinese: 于洋; pinyin: Yú Yáng; born 7 April 1986) is a retired Chinese badminton player specializing in doubles. She is an Olympic Games gold medalist, three time World Champion and four time Asian Champion. Yu was part of the China winning team in four Sudirman Cup, three Uber Cup, two Asian Games, and in a Asia Team Championships.

She graduated with a bachelor's degree from the University of Science and Technology of China.
John Hall Thompson
John Hall Thompson (1810 – October 27, 1893) was a Canadian court commissioner and political figure. He represented Ontario North in the 1st Canadian Parliament as a Liberal member.

He was born in Salisbury, England, in 1810, the son of Joseph Thompson, and educated at Berwick-on-Tweed. He was reeve for Brock Township and served as warden for Ontario County in 1856–7, 1860 and 1864–5. Thompson lived in Cannington. He was elected in 1867 but defeated in the 1872 election. Thompson also served as lieutenant-colonel in the county militia from 1869 to 1880 and was commissioner in the Court of Queen's Bench.

In 1847, he married Margaret Cowan. Thompson died at Qu'Appelle Station, Saskatchewan, at the age of 83.

1st Canadian Parliament
The 1st Canadian Parliament was summoned in November 1867, following the election of the members of the House of Commons in the 1867 federal election. It lasted until dissolution in 1872, prior to the 1872 election (four years and 252 days). It met in five different sessions from 1867 to 1872, and was prorogued between the sessions.

The House of Commons was controlled by a majority coalition between the Conservative Party and the Liberal-Conservative Party under Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald and the 1st Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, but there was not yet a Leader of the Official Opposition during the 1st Parliament.

James Cockburn, M.P., was the Speaker of the House of Commons for the term of the Parliament. Senator Joseph-Édouard Cauchon was the Speaker of the Senate for the term of the Parliament.
2003 Open Gaz de France – Doubles
Nathalie Dechy and Meilen Tu were the defending champions but only Dechy competed that year with Émilie Loit.

Dechy and Loit lost in the semifinals to Barbara Schett and Patty Schnyder.

Schett and Schnyder won in the final 2–6, 6–2, 7–6(7–5) against Marion Bartoli and Stéphanie Cohen-Aloro.

Stéphanie Cohen-Aloro
Stéphanie Cohen-Aloro (born 18 March 1983) is a former professional tennis player from France.

Her career-high singles ranking is world No. 61, achieved on 5 October 2003. Her highest doubles ranking position of 54, she set on 18 July 2005.

Cohen-Aloro won seven singles and twelve doubles titles on tournaments of the ITF Women's Circuit.
Randy Pippin
Randy Pippin is an American college football coach and former player. He is a senior analyst at Jacksonville State University in Jacksonville, Alabama, a position he has held since 2023. Pippin has served as head football coach at Trinity Valley Community College in Athens, Texas, from 1993 to 1995, Middle Georgia College, from 1998 to 2000, the University of West Alabama, from 2001 to 2003, and Northwest Mississippi Community College, from 2005 to 2007. He led his 1994 Trinity Valley valley team to an NJCAA National Football Championship.

Jacksonville State University
Jacksonville State University (JSU or Jax State) is a public university in Jacksonville, Alabama, United States. Founded in 1883, Jacksonville State offers programs of study in six academic schools leading to bachelor's, master's, education specialist, and doctorate degrees in addition to certificate programs and continuing education opportunities.

The university was founded as Jacksonville State Normal School, and in 1930, the name changed to Jacksonville State Teachers College, and again in 1957, to Jacksonville State College. The university began operating under its current name in 1966.

JSU currently has an enrollment of more than 9,000 students, with nearly 500 faculty members (more than 300 of whom are full-time). It is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS).
Cosmin Goia
Cosmin Sabin Goia (born 16 February 1982) is a Romanian football defender and manager who plays and manages for Liga IV – Timiș County club Progresul Ciacova. Goia played in Romania for teams like: Politehnica Timișoara, CFR Cluj, Brașov and Unirea Alba Iulia, in Hungary for Nyíregyháza Spartacus and Pécs and in Vietnam for SHB-Đà Nẵng, Sanna Khánh Hòa and Hoàng Anh Gia Lai.

Nyíregyháza Spartacus FC
Nyíregyháza Spartacus is a professional football club from Nyíregyháza, Hungary. Formed in 1928, it has had brief stints in the Nemzeti Bajnokság III. It set to play in the Nemzeti Bajnokság I from 2024–25 after promotion from Nemzeti Bajnokság II in 2023–24. The team is locally referred to by its monicker, Szpari. Its games take place in Városi Stadion, in the city sport complex just north of the downtown.
Robert Calderwood
Robert Calderwood (4 October 1862 – 13 May 1939) was a Scottish footballer who played as an outside left or centre forward for Cartvale (1878 club), Cowlairs, Bootle, Newcastle West End, Thistle, Cartvale (1892 club) and Scotland.

Calderwood scored three goals for Scotland in the 1884–85 British Home Championship. He was later suspended for two years by the Scottish Football Association 
. The suspension was imposed because he was judged to have become a professional after signing for English club Bootle. This came to light after he made an appearance for Cowlairs in the (amateur-only) 1887–88 Scottish Cup, despite having already turned professional. He returned to play at a high level after this suspension.

Newcastle West End F.C.
Newcastle West End Football Club was an English football club which briefly played in the Northern League and the FA Cup in the late 19th century. Their entire history was played out during the Victorian era in Newcastle.

The club is most noted for being one of the two football sides that were in Newcastle at the time. They have mistakenly been known to merge with Newcastle East End in 1892 but in fact Newcastle West End ran into financial difficulties which led to their collapse 10 years after they first became established. Newcastle United had Newcastle West End's shirt revived as United's away kit on occasions such as the 1995–96 season and the 2024–25 season.
HMS Pandora (1900)
HMS Pandora was a Pelorus-class cruiser  of the Royal Navy. There were eleven "Third class" protected cruisers in the class, which was designed by Sir William White. While well armed for their size, they were  primarily workhorses for the overseas fleet on "police" duties and did not serve with the main battlefleet.

Protected cruiser
Protected cruisers, a type of cruiser of the late 19th century, took their name from the armored deck, which protected vital machine-spaces from fragments released by explosive shells. Protected cruisers notably lacked a belt of armour along the sides, in contrast to armored cruisers which carried both deck and belt armour.

Outside of a handful of very large designs in the major navies (which preceded the revival of armored cruisers), the majority of protected cruisers were of 'second-' or 'third-class' types, lighter in displacement and mounting fewer and/or lighter guns than armored cruisers.

By the early 20th-century, with the advent of increasingly lighter yet stronger armour, even smaller vessels could afford some level of both belt and deck armour. In the place of protected cruisers, these new 'light armored cruisers' would evolve into light cruisers and heavy cruisers, the former especially taking on many of the roles originally envisioned for protected cruisers.
Rick Tumlinson
Rick Tumlinson is the co-founder of several space companies and non-profits including Deep Space Industries, Orbital Outfitters, the New Worlds Institute, and the Space Frontier Foundation. In 2004, Space News magazine listed Tumlinson as one of the 100 most influential people in the space industry, stating.

Deep Space Industries
Deep Space Industries, or DSI, was an American privately-held company operating in the space technology and space exploration sectors. It was acquired on January 1, 2019 by Bradford Space.

The company was developing and building spacecraft technology that would have allowed private companies and government agencies to access destinations throughout the Solar System. DSI's goal was to access to deep space and substantially lower the cost of doing so.
Prabhavasit Narimol
Prabhavasit Narimol (Thai: ประภาวสิตนฤมล; RTGS: Praphawasit Naruemon, also spelled Prabhavasiddi; 11 June 1885 – 15 February 1963), was a Princess of Siam (later Thailand) and member of the Siamese (then Thai) royal family as one of the daughters of Chaturonrasmi, Prince Chakkrabatradipongse, son of Mongkut, King Rama IV of Siam. After her marriage to Purachatra Jayakara, Prince of Kamphaengphet, son of Chulalongkorn, King Rama V of Siam (one of Mongkut's son), she became known as The Princess of Kamphaengphet.

Kamphaeng Phet
Kamphaeng Phet is a town (thesaban mueang) in central Thailand, former capital of the Kamphaeng Phet Province. It covers the complete tambon Nai Mueang of the Mueang Kamphaeng Phet district. As of 2020, it has a population of 28,817.
Bae Hae-min
Bae Hae-Min (Korean: 배해민; born 25 April 1988) is a South Korean footballer. He currently plays as a midfielder for Goyang Hi FC in K League Challenge.

He began his club career in South Korea with K-League side FC Seoul. He made his debut in the Hauzen Cup, a league cup competition operated by the K-League, in May 2008 however he moved on loan to Czech Republic side FK Viktoria Žižkov later that year. Bae made his regular league debut for FC Seoul in May 2011 in a home game against Gyeongnam FC when he came on as a substitute. He would go on to make two further substitute appearances in the league as well as a start in the league cup competition that season before he left the club.

Bae signed for Korea National League side Daejeon KHNP for the 2012 season but spent just one year with the club. He signed for National League club Yongin City ahead of the 2014 season.

FK Viktoria Žižkov
FK Viktoria Žižkov is a Czech professional football club from the district of Žižkov in Prague. The club competes in the Czech National Football League, the second tier of football in the country. It won the Czechoslovak First League title in the 1927–28 season, and has also won two editions of the Czech Cup.
Tshepo Khoza
Tshepo George Khoza is a South African politician who served as the Deputy Speaker of the North West Provincial Legislature from June until August 2024, when he resigned over allegations that he forged his matric certificate. A member of the African National Congress, he was a councillor in the Matlosana Local Municipality where he served as the member of the mayoral committee (MMC) responsible for public safety before being elected to the provincial legislature.

North West Provincial Legislature
The North West Provincial Legislature is the primary legislative body of the South African province of North West. It is unicameral in its composition, and elects the premier and the provincial cabinet from among the members of the leading party or coalition in the parliament.

At the commencement of the 7th provincial legislature on 14 June 2024, the number of seats allocated to the North West Provincial Legislature increased from 33 to 38.
Beldibi, Muğla
Beldibi is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Marmaris, Muğla Province, Turkey. Its population is 11,278 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). It is situated in Marmaris national park.  It is on Turkish state highway D.400 and merged to Marmaris. Its distance to Muğla is 47 kilometres (29 mi). According to statistics during the last 25 years the population has increased 10 fold. Beldibi flourished especially after 1995 and in 1999 it was declared as a seat of township. Being merged to Marmaris some residents of the town work in touristic facilities and other urban services. Beehiving is another profitable sector.

Muğla Province
Muğla Province (Turkish: Muğla ili, pronounced [muːɫa iˈli]) is a province and metropolitan municipality of Turkey, at the country's southwestern corner, on the Aegean Sea. Its area is 12,654 km2, and its population is 1,048,185 (2022). Its seat is the city of Muğla, about 20 km (12 mi) inland, while some of Turkey's largest holiday resorts, such as Bodrum, Ölüdeniz, Marmaris and Fethiye, lie on the coast.
Akulliq
Akulliq (Inuktitut pronunciation: [akulːiq]) was a territorial electoral district (riding) for the Legislative Assembly of Nunavut, Canada. The riding consisted of the communities of Kugaaruk and Repulse Bay. Kugaaruk is now a part of the Netsilik riding and Repulse Bay (which has since been renamed to Naujaat) is a part of the Aivilik riding.

Kugaaruk
Kugaaruk (Inuktitut syllabics: ᑰᒑᕐᔪᒃ Kuugaarjuk or ᑰᒑᕐᕈᒃ Kuugaarruk; English: "little stream") (also called Arviligjuaqy, meaning "the great bowhead whale habitat"), formerly known as Pelly Bay until 3 December 1999, is located on the shore of Pelly Bay, just off the Gulf of Boothia, Simpson Peninsula, Kitikmeot, in Canada's Nunavut territory. Access is by air at the Kugaaruk Airport, by annual supply sealift, and by sea ice. Kugaaruk means "little stream", the traditional name of the brook that flows through the hamlet.

Near the hamlet is CAM-4, a North Warning System site that was once part of the Distant Early Warning Line.
Sporting Clube de Porto Novo
Sporting Clube de Porto Novo (Capeverdean Crioulo, ALUPEC or ALUPEK: Sporting Klubi di Purtu Nobu) is a football club that had played in the Premier division and plays in the Santo Antão Island South Zone Division in Cape Verde. It is based in the island of Santo Antão. The club was founded in 1956 and is the island's oldest sporting club. Geographically it was once the westernmost sporting club in Cape Verde and the whole of Africa, now it is one of several today.

Sporting Porto Novo is the second most successful football (soccer) club in the South Zone having won about 5 official regional titles, overall it is fourth with the North Zone's Rosariense Clube with 8 official regional and subregional titles combined.

Cape Verdean Creole
Cape Verdean Creole is a Portuguese-based creole language spoken on the islands of Cape Verde. It is the native creole language of virtually all Cape Verdeans and is used as a second language by the Cape Verdean diaspora.

The creole has particular importance for creolistics studies since it is the oldest living creole. It is the most widely spoken Portuguese-based creole language.
1998–99 Austrian Cup
The 1998–99 Austrian Cup (German: ÖFB-Cup) was the 65th season of Austria's nationwide football cup competition. The final was held at the Ernst-Happel-Stadion, Vienna on 18 May 1999.

The competition was won by Sturm Graz after beating LASK 4–2 on penalties after the match finished 1-1 after extra time.

Austrian Cup
The Austrian Cup (German: ÖFB-Cup), known as UNIQA ÖFB Cup for sponsorship purposes, is an annual football competition held by the Austrian Football Association, the ÖFB. Austria Wien are the record cup winners, having won for the 27th time in 2008–09. Wolfsberger AC are the current holders, winning their first ever cup trophy in the 2024-25 edition.
Barrier cone
In mathematics, specifically functional analysis, the barrier cone is a cone associated to any non-empty subset of a Banach space.  It is closely related to the notions of support functions and polar sets.

Convex cone
In linear algebra, a cone—sometimes called a linear cone to distinguish it from other sorts of cones—is a subset of a real vector space that is closed under positive scalar multiplication; that is,  is a cone if  implies  for every positive scalar . This is a broad generalization of the standard cone in Euclidean space.

A convex cone is a cone that is also closed under addition, or, equivalently, a subset of a vector space that is closed under linear combinations with positive coefficients. It follows that convex cones are convex sets.

The definition of a convex cone makes sense in a vector space over any ordered field, although the field of real numbers is used most often.
Joo Swn-lan
Joo Swn-Lan  (born (1974-11-14)14 November 1974) is a retired South Korean female volleyball player. She was part of the South Korea women's national volleyball team.

She participated in the 1994 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship. She attended Seong-am Girls' Commercial High School (성암여자상업고등학교) in Seoul, and went on to play at the club level for Hyosung.

1994 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship
The 1994 FIVB Women's World Championship was the twelfth edition of the tournament, organised by the world's governing body, the FIVB. It was held from 17 to 30 October 1994 in São Paulo and Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
2023 Torneo Internazionale Femminile Antico Tiro a Volo – Doubles
Andrea Gámiz and Eva Vedder were the defending champions but chose not to participate.

Yuliya Hatouka and Zhibek Kulambayeva won the title, defeating Yuliana Lizarazo and María Paulina Pérez in the final, 6–4, 6–4.

María Paulina Pérez
María Paulina Pérez García (born 10 January 1996) is a Colombian professional tennis player.
On 28 August 2023, she peaked at No. 115 in the WTA doubles rankings.
On 12 September 2022, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 619. 
Pérez has won one doubles title on the WTA Tour and 13 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.

Playing for Colombia, Pérez has a win–loss record of 13–15 in Billie Jean King Cup competition (as of September 2024).
Self-financing portfolio
In financial mathematics, a self-financing portfolio is a portfolio having the feature that, if there is no 
exogenous infusion or withdrawal of money, the purchase of a new asset must be financed by the sale of an old one. This concept is used to define for example admissible strategies and replicating portfolios, the latter being fundamental for arbitrage-free derivative pricing.

Rational pricing
In financial economics, rational pricing is the assumption that asset pricing models reflect the arbitrage-free price of the asset. This assumption is fundamental to the pricing of derivative instruments and useful in pricing fixed income securities.

According to rational pricing models, where a mismatch exists between two or more markets, arbitrage will occur such that the arbitrageur makes a risk-free profit by purchasing and short-selling simultaneously in both markets. By doing so, the arbitrageur may deliver the purchased asset to the buyer, receiving that higher price, whilst paying the seller on the cheaper market with the proceeds and pocketing the difference. As such, the law of one price holds across trading exchanges; prices of assets with identical cash flows equalise; and the price of assets with known future cash flows may be calculated in advance.

Rational pricing assumptions are a key aspect of mathematical finance and the fundamental theorem of asset pricing.
Modern Theatre (Boston)
The Modern Theatre is located on Washington Street in downtown Boston, Massachusetts. It opened as a movie theater in 1914 in a former commercial building that had been repurposed by noted theater architect Clarence H. Blackall. In 2009 Suffolk University demolished the long-vacant building after removing and storing the facade, and constructed a new building on the site. Suffolk's new Modern Theatre opened on November 4, 2010.

The theater is part of the Washington Street Theatre District, which was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. The theater was also designated as a Boston Landmark by the Boston Landmarks Commission in 2002.

Washington Street (Boston)
Washington Street is a street originating in downtown Boston, Massachusetts, which extends southwestward to the Massachusetts–Rhode Island state line. The majority of its length outside of the city was built as the Norfolk and Bristol Turnpike in the early 19th century. It is the longest street in Boston and remains one of the longest streets in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Due to various municipal annexations with the city of Boston, the name Washington Street now exists six or more times within the jurisdiction(s) of the City of Boston.

The street's great age in the city of Boston has given rise to a phenomenon whereby intersecting streets have different names on either side of Washington Street.