hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2019 U Sports football season
The 2019 U Sports football season began on August 23, 2019, with the Concordia Stingers hosting the Montreal Carabins in Montreal, Quebec. The Atlantic University Sport conference started play the following day and the Ontario University Athletics conference began play on August 25, 2019. The Canada West teams began play during the following weekend, on August 30, 2019. All 27 U Sports football teams played eight regular season games against opponents within the same conference.

The conference championships were played on November 9 and the season ended on November 23 with the 55th Vanier Cup championship at PEPS Stadium in Quebec City, Quebec. The Calgary Dinos defeated the Montreal Carabins 27–13 to win their fifth Vanier Cup, and their first since 1995.

55th Vanier Cup
The 2019 Vanier Cup, the 55th edition of the Canadian university football championship, was played on November 23, 2019 at Telus Stadium in Quebec City, Quebec. This was the sixth time that Quebec City has hosted the Vanier Cup and the second consecutive year that it was hosted by Laval University.

The University of Calgary Dinos defeated the University of Montreal Carabins 27-13 to win their fifth Vanier Cup, and their first since 1995.
Te Ākau
Te Ākau is a small farming settlement in the North Island of New Zealand, located 62 km (39 mi) north west of Hamilton, 39 km (24 mi) south west of Huntly, 45 km (28 mi) south of Port Waikato and 47 km (29 mi), or 19 km (12 mi) by ferry and road, north of Raglan. It has a hall and a school.

(Te Ākau (officially, Te Ākau / Black Beach) is also the name of a beach in the Marlborough Region of the South Island.)

Waingaro River (Waikato)
The Waingaro River is a river of the Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows generally southwest from its origins near Glen Afton and Glen Massey, west of Ngāruawāhia, to reach a northern arm of Raglan Harbour (see 1:50,000 map). Its main tributary is Kahuhuru Stream, which Highway 22 follows for several kilometres. Tributaries total about 170 kilometres (110 mi). At Waingaro it is fed by a hot spring.
Augustus De Morgan
Augustus De Morgan (27 June 1806 – 18 March 1871) was a British mathematician and logician. He is best known for De Morgan's laws, relating logical conjunction, disjunction, and negation, and for coining the term "mathematical induction", the underlying principles of which he formalized. De Morgan's contributions to logic are heavily used in many branches of mathematics, including set theory and probability theory, as well as other related fields such as computer science.

Benjamin Gompertz
Benjamin Gompertz FRS (5 March 1779 – 14 July 1865) was an English self-educated mathematician and actuary, who became a Fellow of the Royal Society. Gompertz is now best known for his Gompertz law of mortality, a demographic model published in 1825. He was the brother of the early animal rights activist and inventor Lewis Gompertz and the poet Isaac Gompertz.
64th New York State Legislature
The 64th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 5 to May 25, 1841, during the third year of William H. Seward's governorship, in Albany.

Orleans County, New York
Orleans County is a county in the western part of the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,343. The county seat is Albion. The county received its name at the insistence of Nehemiah Ingersoll though historians are unsure how the name was selected. The two competing theories are that it was named to honor the French Royal House of Orleans or that it was to honor Andrew Jackson's victory in New Orleans.

Located on the south shore of Lake Ontario, Orleans County since the late 20th century has been considered part of the Rochester, New York metropolitan area.
Andriy Hirenko
Andriy Mykolayevich Hirenko (or Andrei Nikolayevich Girenko) was a Soviet and Ukrainian politician from before the dissolution of the Soviet Union. He headed the Komsomol of Ukraine and was the 1st Party Secretary in Kherson and Crimea.

Hirenko was born in 1936 as Adolf which he changed in 1972. He died in late December 2017.

Komsomol of Ukraine
The Komsomol of Ukraine, officially the Leninist Communist League of Youth of Ukraine (ЛКСМУ, Ukrainian: Ленінська Комуністична Спілка Молоді України, romanized: Leninska Komunistychna Spilka Molodi Ukrainy; Russian: Ленинский Коммунистический Союз Молодёжи Украины, romanized: Leninskiy Kommunisticheskiy Soyuz Molodyozhi Ukrainy), was a youth organization in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic under the Communist Party of Ukraine, a component part of the All-Union Lenin's Communist League of Youth (Komsomol). It was first established in 1919 as the youth wing of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine and later revived in 1997 as the youth wing of the modern Communist Party of Ukraine; that party was banned in 2015 and terminated in 2022.

Between the two World Wars, the Komsomol of Ukraine closely cooperated with the Young Communist League of Western Ukraine, which was a component part of the Young Communist League of Poland.
Mercer County Technical Schools
Mercer County Technical Schools (MCTS), also known as the Area Vocational Technical Schools of Mercer County, is a public technical school district serving Mercer County, New Jersey. Its two campuses are located in West Windsor and Pennington. The district offers standard shared time technical programs for grades 11 and 12 and full-time academies for grades 9 through 12, as well as adult education programs.

Auto mechanic
An auto mechanic is a mechanic who services and repairs automobiles, sometimes specializing in one or more automobile brands or sometimes working with any brand. In fixing cars, their main role is to diagnose and repair the problem accurately. Seasoned auto repair shops start with a (Digital) Inspection to determine the vehicle conditions, independent of the customers concern. Based on the concern, the inspection results and preventative maintenance needs, the mechanic/technician returns the findings to the service advisor who then gets approval for any or all of the proposed work. The approved work will be assigned to the mechanic on a work order. Their work may involve the repair of a specific part or the replacement of one or more parts as assemblies. Basic vehicle maintenance is a fundamental part of a mechanic's work in modern industrialized countries, while in others they are only consulted when a vehicle is already showing signs of malfunction.
Patrick Dickinson
Patrick John Dickinson (28 August 1919 – 28 May 1984) was an English first-class cricketer active from 1939 to 1953 who played for Surrey. He was born in India, and died in St Pancras, London.

He was educated at King's College School, Wimbledon, and went up to St John's College, Cambridge, in autumn 1938.

King's College School
King's College School, also known as Wimbledon, KCS, King's and KCS Wimbledon, is a public school in Wimbledon, southwest London, England. The school was established in 1829 by King George IV, as the junior department of King's College London and had part of the school's premises in Strand, prior to relocating to Wimbledon in 1897.

KCS is a member of the Eton Group of schools. It is predominantly a boys' school but accepts girls into the Sixth Form. In the Sixth Form, students can choose between the International Baccalaureate and A-Level qualifications.

The school is included in The Schools Index as one of the 150 best private schools in the world and among the top 30 senior schools in the UK.
WIVK-FM
WIVK-FM (107.7 MHz) is a commercial radio station licensed to Knoxville, Tennessee, United States. The station is owned by Cumulus Media and broadcasts a country music format known as "107.7 WIVK {wih-vik}" The studios are on Old Kingston Pike in the Sequoyah Hills section of West Knoxville. WIVK is also an affiliate station for the Vol Network, carrying Tennessee Volunteers football and basketball.

The transmitter is atop Greentop Knob on Chilhowee Mountain near Pigeon Forge.

Cumulus Media
Cumulus Media, Inc. is a broadcasting company of the United States and is the second largest owner and operator of AM and FM radio stations in the United States ahead of Audacy and behind iHeartMedia. As of June 2019, Cumulus lists ownership of 428 stations in 87 media markets. It also owns and operates Westwood One. Its headquarters are located in Atlanta, Georgia. Its subsidiaries include Cumulus Broadcasting LLC, Cumulus Licensing LLC and Broadcast Software International Inc.
Penstemon heterophyllus
Penstemon heterophyllus is a species of penstemon known by the common names bunchleaf penstemon, foothill penstemon, and foothill beardtongue. It is endemic to California.

The plant can be found in all of the major coastal mountain ranges and the northern Sierra Nevada foothills. It is a member of the flora in many local habitat types such as: hillsides, grasslands, chaparral, and open oak woodland and forest areas.

Penstemon
Penstemon /ˈpɛnstɪmən/, the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 280 species of flowering plants native to North America from northern Canada to Central America. It is the largest genus of flowering plants endemic to North America. As well as being the scientific name, penstemon is also widely used as a common name for all Penstemon species alongside beardtongues.

Formerly placed in the family Scrophulariaceae by the Cronquist system, new genetic research has placed it in the vastly expanded family Plantaginaceae. The total number of species is disagreed upon due to ongoing research into if some of the named species are actually subspecies or illegitimate concepts of previously described species.
Jessie Bay
Jessie Bay (60°44′S 44°44′W﻿ / ﻿60.733°S 44.733°W﻿ / -60.733; -44.733) is a bay 4 nautical miles (7 km) wide, lying between Mackenzie Peninsula and Pirie Peninsula, on the north side of Laurie Island in the South Orkney Islands. Apparently seen in the course of the joint cruise by Captain George Powell, a British sealer, and Captain Nathaniel Palmer, an American one. In 1821, it was roughly charted by Captain James Weddell, a British sealer. It was surveyed in 1903 by the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition of William S. Bruce, who named this bay for his wife, Jessie Mackenzie Bruce. He also named a cove in the bay, Sheila Cove, for his daughter.

Laurie Island
Laurie Island is the second largest of the South Orkney Islands. The island is claimed by both Argentina as part of Argentine Antarctica, and by the United Kingdom as part of the British Antarctic Territory. Under the Antarctic Treaty System all sovereignty claims are suspended, as the island lies south of the parallel 60°. Buchanan Point at the north-eastern end of the island, with Cape Whitson on its south coast, are Important Bird Areas.
Charles Lepère
Edme Charles Phillipe Lepère (1 February 1823  – 6 September 1885) was a French politician, journalist and lawyer who served as the Minister of the Interior and Religious Affairs under Prime Ministers William Henry Waddington from 1879 to 1880. He previously served as Minister of Agriculture and Commerce from February to March 1879.

Minister of the Interior (France)
The Minister of the Interior (French: Ministre de l'Intérieur, pronounced [ministʁ d(ə) lɛ̃teʁjœʁ]) is the interior minister of the government of France, traditionally responsible for internal security and territorial administration. The minister ensures the maintenance and cohesion of the country's institutions throughout its national territory.

The current Minister of the Interior is Laurent Nuñez, who has held the position since 12 October 2025 under Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu.
History of compiler construction
In computing, a compiler is a computer program that transforms source code written in a programming language or computer language (the source language), into another computer language (the target language, often having a binary form known as object code or machine code). The most common reason for transforming source code is to create an executable program.

Any program written in a high-level programming language must be translated to object code before it can be executed, so all programmers using such a language use a compiler or an interpreter, sometimes even both. Improvements to a compiler may lead to a large number of improved features in executable programs.

The Production Quality Compiler-Compiler, in the late 1970s, introduced the principles of compiler organization that are still widely used today (e.g., a front-end handling syntax and semantics and a back-end generating machine code).

Extensible programming
In computer science, extensible programming is a style of computer programming that focuses on mechanisms to extend the programming language, compiler, and runtime system (environment). Extensible programming languages, supporting this style of programming, were an active area of work in the 1960s, but the movement was marginalized in the 1970s. Extensible programming has become a topic of renewed interest in the 21st century.
Self Defence: Never, Never, Land Reconstructed and Bonus Beats
Self Defence: Never, Never, Land Reconstructed and Bonus Beats is a remix album by Unkle, released in 2006 by Global Underground. Spanning four discs, it is a compilation of remixes of tracks from the album Never, Never, Land, and also contains remixes of a track featuring Ian Astbury (The Cult) from the then-upcoming UNKLE album War Stories.

War Stories (album)
War Stories is the third studio album by English electronic music group UNKLE. The album was released in Japan on 20 June 2007, UK and Europe on 2 July 2007, and in North America on 24 July. War Stories debuted at number 58 in Australia. The cover art was designed by 3D of Massive Attack.
History of nursing
The word "nurse" originally came from the Latin word "nutricius", meaning to nourish,to protect and to sustain, referring to a wet-nurse; only in the late 16th century did it attain its modern meaning of a person who cares for the infirm.

From the earliest times most cultures produced a stream of nurses dedicated to service on religious principles. Both Christendom and the Muslim World generated a stream of dedicated nurses from their earliest days. In Europe before the foundation of modern nursing, Catholic nuns and the military often provided nursing-like services. It took until the 19th century for nursing to become a secular profession.  In the 20th century nursing became a major profession in all modern countries, and was a favored career for women.

Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps
Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps (QARANC; known as the QAs) was the nursing branch of the British Army Medical Services.

In November 2024, the corps was amalgamated with the Royal Army Medical Corps and Royal Army Dental Corps to form the Royal Army Medical Service.
Haddah
Haddah (Arabic: حدة Ḥaddah) is an affluent suburb of Sanaa, Yemen, located about 8 km southwest of central Sanaa in Sanhan District of Sanaa Governorate. It has been described as "the Beverly Hills of Sanaa" — a first-world enclave in a third-world city, with its avenues lined by palatial mansions belonging to the country's rich and powerful. Its buildings mostly tend to emulate the architecture of Saudi Arabia and the Gulf states.

Sanhan and Bani Bahlul district
Sanhan and Bani Bahlul District (Arabic: مديرية سنحان وبني بهلول, romanized: Sanḥān and Bani Bahlul) is a district of the Sana'a Governorate, Yemen. Its seat is Sanhan. As of 2003, the district had a population of 400,399 inhabitants. The former president of Yemen Ali Abdullah Saleh comes from Beit al-Ahmar, which lies in Sanhan District.
Ehrenberg (Ilmenau)
The Ehrenberg (German pronunciation: [ˈeːʁənbɛʁk]) is a hill to the east of Ilmenau, rising to a height of 528 metres and standing opposite the Tragberg. The border between Ilmenau and Langewiesen runs over its summit, which is marked by a large wooden cross. It is home to part of the campus of the Technische Universität Ilmenau (Technical University of Ilmenau) and the Bundesanstalt für Wasserbau (Federal Institute for Hydraulic Engineering). On 22 July 2006, around 6,000 square metres of the Ehrenberg were destroyed in a forest fire, although damage to buildings was limited. The body of the Ehrenberg itself is notable geologically for containing hydrobiotite, sometimes also called voigtite.

Technische Universität Ilmenau
The Technische Universität Ilmenau (Ilmenau University of Technology, TU Ilmenau) is a German public research university located in Ilmenau, Thuringia, central Germany. Founded in 1894, it has five academic departments (faculties) with about 4,900 students. Teaching and research are focused on the fields of technology (including computer science), mathematics and natural sciences, business and media.
Sinj
Sinj (Croatian: [sîːɲ]) is a town in the continental part of Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia. As of the 2021 census, the population was 23,500 people, of which 10,800 inhabited its urban core.

Sinj is known for a knights' tournament of Sinjska alka, which has been held since the beginning of the 18th century as a sign of victory over the Ottoman Empire, and for the shrine of Our Lady of Sinj. The urban center of Sinj is a protected cultural heritage site.

Polje
A polje, also called karst polje or karst field, is a large flat plain found in karstic geological regions of the world, with areas usually in the range of 5–400 km2 (2–154 sq mi). The name derives from the Slavic languages, where polje literally means 'field', whereas in English polje specifically refers to a karst plain or karst field.
1978 Prize of Moscow News
The 1978 Prize of Moscow News was the 13th edition of the Prize of Moscow News, an international figure skating competition organized in Moscow in the Soviet Union. It was held December 6–10, 1978. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating and ice dancing.

Prize of Moscow News
The Prize of Moscow News (Russian: Приз газеты «Московские новости»), also known as the Moscow Skate, Nouvelles de Moscou, and the Moscow News Trophy, was an international, senior-level figure skating competition held in the Soviet Union from 1966 to 1990 (excluding 1989, in 1990 was an international competition for the Prizes of the Gosteleradio USSR in Odessa, which became the legal successor of Prize of Moscow News competition). It was held annually in Moscow in December and effectively was the predecessor to the Cup of Russia ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating event. The winners received a "Crystal Skate" statuette.
Durgam Cheruvu
Durgam Cheruvu, also known as Raidurgam Cheruvu, is a freshwater lake located in Rangareddy district, Telangana, India. The lake, which is spread over 83 acres (34 ha), is located near the city of Hyderabad. The lake is also known as Secret Lake because it is hidden between the localities of Jubilee Hills, Madhapur and Raidurg. The Durgam Cheruvu Bridge, which traverses the lake, was inaugurated in September 2020.

HITEC City
The Hyderabad Information Technology and Engineering Consultancy City (HITEC City) is an Indian financial business district located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. HITEC City is spread across 81 ha (200 acres) of land under the suburbs of Madhapur, Gachibowli, Kondapur, Miyapur, Nanakramguda, Serilingampally, Bachupally, Manikonda, Kukatpally and Shamshabad all the combined technology townships is also known as Cyberabad with a radius of 52.48 km (32.61 mi) surrounding approximate area of 6,100 ha (15,000 acres). HITEC City is within 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) of the residential and commercial suburb of Jubilee Hills.
Brendan Smith (politician)
Brendan Smith (born 1 June 1956) is an Irish Fianna Fáil politician who has served as chair of the Fianna Fáil parliamentary party since May 2016. He has been a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Cavan–Monaghan constituency since 1992. He previously served as chair of the Committee on Foreign Affairs and Trade from 2016 to 2020, Minister for Justice and Law Reform from January 2011 to March 2011, Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food from 2008 to 2011, Minister of State for Children from 2007 to 2008 and Minister of State at the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food from 2004 to 2007.

Oireachtas
The Oireachtas (/ˈɛrəktəs/ EH-rək-təs; Irish: [ˈɛɾʲaxt̪ˠəsˠ]), sometimes referred to as Oireachtas Éireann, is the bicameral parliament of Ireland. The Oireachtas consists of the president of Ireland and the two houses of the Oireachtas (Irish: Tithe an Oireachtais): a lower house called Dáil Éireann and an upper house called Seanad Éireann.

The houses of the Oireachtas sit in Leinster House in Dublin, an eighteenth-century ducal palace. The directly elected Dáil is the more powerful of the houses of the Oireachtas.
Armoured Production and Repair Factory
The Armoured Production and Repair Factory (Egyptian Arabic: مصنع إنتاج وإصلاح المدرعات) or Military Factory 200 (Egyptian Arabic: مصنع 200 الحربي) is an Egyptian government joint-stock company, one of the companies of the National Authority for Military Production, affiliated with the Ministry of Military Production. It was established in 1987 in the Abu Zaabal area of Qalyubia Governorate on an area of 2.5 million square metres, as a result of the agreement concluded between the Egyptian government and the United States government for the joint production of the American M1A1 Abrams main battle tank, where the first tank was produced at the factory in 1992, and the factory continued production until it produced more than 1,000 tanks of this type for the Egyptian Armed Forces.

Qalyubiyya Governorate
Qalyubia (Arabic: محافظة القليوبية Moḥāfaẓat El Qalyubiyya  Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [elʔæljoˈbejjæ]) is one of the governorates of Egypt, located in Lower Egypt. It is situated north of Cairo in the Nile Delta region. Its capital is Banha.
Intermontane Plateaus
In the context of physical geography, the Intermontane Plateaus is one of eight physiographic regions of the contiguous United States.  The region consists mostly of plateaus and mountain ranges lying between the Rocky Mountains on the east and the Cascade and Sierra Nevada Mountains on the west. It is subdivided into three physiographic provinces: the Columbia Plateau in the north, the Basin and Range Province in the central and southwestern portions, and the Colorado Plateau in the southeast.  In turn, each of these provinces are each subdivided into a number of physiographic sections.

Columbia Plateau
The Columbia Plateau is an important geologic and geographic region that lies across parts of the U.S. states of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. It is a wide flood basalt plateau between the Cascade Range and the Rocky Mountains, cut through by the Columbia River.
Virtual column
In relational databases a virtual column is a table column whose value(s) is automatically computed using other columns values, or another deterministic expression. Virtual columns are defined of SQL:2003 as Generated Column, and are only implemented by some DBMSs, like MariaDB, SQL Server, Oracle, PostgreSQL, SQLite and Firebird (database server) (COMPUTED BY syntax).

Relational database
A relational database (RDB) is a database  based on the relational model of data, as proposed by E. F. Codd in 1970.

A Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) is a type of database management system that stores data in a structured format using rows and columns.

Many relational database systems are equipped with the option of using SQL (Structured Query Language) for querying and updating the database.