hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
APEX 73 International Airmail Exhibition
The APEX 73 International Airmail Exhibition was held at Owens Park, Manchester from 4–7 July 1973, promoted by the Aero Philatelic Club of London under the patronage of the International Federation of Aerophilatelic Societies, (FISA).

Owens Park
Owens Park was a large hall of residence located in the Fallowfield district of the city of Manchester, England.  The site is owned by the University of Manchester and housed 1,056 students. Owens Park is a significant part of the Fallowfield Campus of the University of Manchester.  The terms 'Owens Park' and 'Fallowfield Campus' are sometimes used interchangeably. The first phase was completed in 1964 and the second in 1965.

The tower was vacated in 2021 and demolition completed in 2025.
Sebastian Gemkow
Sebastian Gemkow (born 27 July 1978) is a German lawyer and politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who has been serving as State Minister of Science (since 2019) and as State Minister of Justice (2014–2019) in the governments of successive Minister-Presidents Stanislaw Tillich (2014–2018) and Michael Kretschmer (since 2017). Since 2009, he has been a member of the Landtag of the Free State of Saxony, the state's parliament.

Minister-president
A minister-president or minister president is the head of government in a number of European countries or subnational governments with a parliamentary or semi-presidential system of government where they preside over the council of ministers. It is an alternative term for prime minister, premier, chief minister, or first minister and very similar to the title of president of the council of ministers.
Simon Fraser Red Leafs
The SFU Red Leafs or Simon Fraser Red Leafs teams (formerly the Simon Fraser Clan) represent Simon Fraser University (SFU), which is located in Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada. The Red Leafs are members of NCAA Division II and are the only Canadian or non-American university affiliated with the U.S.-based National Collegiate Athletic Association. The teams previously used the nicknames "Clan" and "Clansmen," which were used as a tribute to the Scottish heritage of the university's namesake, Simon Fraser. The names were retired in 2020 due to the negative connotation surrounding those terms. In September 2022, the updated nickname "Red Leafs" was announced.

In November 2025, SFU announced that it will seek readmission to U Sports, citing financial and logistical constraints for the decision. If the application is successful, The Red Leafs will leave the NCAA and U.S. competition at the end of the 2026–27 season.

Simon Fraser (explorer)
Simon Fraser (20 May 1776 – 18 August 1862) was a Canadian explorer and fur trader who charted much of what is now the Canadian province of British Columbia. He also built the first European settlement in British Columbia.

Employed by the Montreal-based North West Company, he had been by 1805 put in charge of all of the company's operations west of the Rocky Mountains. He was responsible for building that area's first trading posts, and in 1808, he explored what is now known as the Fraser River, which bears his name. Fraser's exploratory efforts were partly responsible for Canada's boundary later being established at the 49th parallel (after the War of 1812) since he, as a British subject, was the first European to establish permanent settlements in the area. According to the historian Alexander Begg, Fraser "was offered a knighthood but declined the title due to his limited wealth."
Covell
Covell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charlie Covell (born 1984), British actress, writer and producer

Daniel Covell (born 1970), American professional wrestler

John Collins Covell (1823–1887), American educator and school administrator

Louis Chapin Covell (1875–1952), American military officer and salesman

Luke Covell (born 1981), Australian-New Zealand professional rugby league footballer

Phyllis Covell (1895–1982), English tennis player

Ralph Covell (1911–1988), English architect

Roger Covell (born 1931), Australian musicologist, critic and author

Thomas Covell (c. 1561 - 1639), keeper of Lancaster Castle and mayor of Lancaster six times.

William Covell (died 1613), English clergyman and writer

Ralph R Covell (1922–2013) - American missionary to China and Professor of Missions

Roger Covell
Roger David Covell AM FAHA (1 February 1931 – 4 June 2019) was an Australian musicologist, critic and author.  He was Professor Emeritus in the School of the Arts and Media at the University of New South Wales, in Sydney, and continued until shortly before his death to contribute articles and reviews to The Sydney Morning Herald, where he served as principal music critic from 1960 until the late 1990s.
Alaa El-Hamouly
Alaa El-Din Hassanin El-Hamouly (Arabic: علاء الدين حسنين الحامولي; 4 July 1930 – 13 January 1984) was an Egyptian former footballer who played as a forward for Zamalek. He also played for the Egyptian national team, and he was part of the squad that won the 1957 and 1959 African Cup of Nations. A prolific goal scorer, he scored 91 goals for Zamalek in all competitions. El-Hamouly represented his country in the 1952 and 1960 Summer Olympics. After his retirement, he worked as a football commentator in Egyptian Television.

Egyptian Television Network
The Egyptian Television Network is a television service run by the National Media Authority. It commenced programming on 21 July 1960. Nowadays it has more than fifteen national channels, and several broadcast channels on satellite.
Kendon
Kendon is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adam Kendon (1934–2022), British authority on the topic of gesture

Frank Kendon (1893–1959), English writer, poet and academic

Olive Kendon (1897–1977), English educator and social activist

Viv Kendon, British physicist

Kendon Underwood, American attorney and politician

Adam Kendon
Adam Kendon (4 April 1934 – 14 September 2022) was one of the world's foremost authorities on the topic of gesture, which he viewed broadly as meaning all the ways in which humans use visible bodily action in creating utterances including not only how this is done in speakers but also in the way it is used in speakers or signers when only visible bodily action is available for expression.
Schloss Ketschendorf
Schloss Ketschendorf is a Gothic Revival residence, located in Ketschendorf, at the foot of the Buchberg, in the town of Coburg, in the state of Bavaria, Germany.

Built at the beginning of the 19th century, the original Schloss of the Baroness von Stolzenau was surrounded by a large park. The current structure was built in 1868/9 following the demolition of the earlier one. It never served as a residence for a ruling prince or member of the nobility. After 1956 it was used as a youth hostel, which was closed on 1 December 2010. Since then the building has been vacant.

Hostel
A hostel is a form of low-cost, short-term shared sociable lodging where guests can rent a bed, usually a bunk bed in a dormitory sleeping 4–20 people, with shared use of a lounge and usually a kitchen. Rooms can be private or shared - mixed or single-sex - and have private or shared bathrooms. Food and beverage, laundry services, luggage storage, and lockers may also be available.

Hostels are popular forms of lodging for backpackers and with youth travel; however, most do not impose age limits. The global size of the hostel market was estimated at US$7.21 billion in 2023 and was projected to grow at a 6.5% compound annual growth rate until 2030. In 2019, there were an estimated 5,829 hostels in Europe and 4,738 hostels in Asia. The typical guest is between 16 and 34 years old, although it can vary depending on the country. Many hostels are locally owned and operated.
Beggen
Beggen (German pronunciation: [ˈbɛɡn̩]; Luxembourgish pronunciation: [ˈbæɡən] ⓘ) is a district in northern Luxembourg City, in southern Luxembourg. As of 31 December 2025, the district has a population of 3,844 inhabitants.

The district is the location of the 19th century Château de Beggen, built on the ruins of a former 18th century paper mill. In the 20th century, the château has served, successively, as the home of the director general of Luxembourg's notable steel company, ARBED, a base for both occupying Wehrmacht forces and, later, the liberating US troops during the Second World War, a hotel, an embassy of the Soviet Union, and currently, the embassy of the Russian Federation in Luxembourg.

Beggen is home to FC Avenir Beggen, a historically successful football club that has struggled in the last years and now plays at level 3 in the Luxembourg football league.

ARBED
The Aciéries Réunies de Burbach-Eich-Dudelange (French; literally "United Steelworks of Burbach-Eich-Dudelange"), better known by its acronym ARBED, was a major Luxembourg-based steel- and iron-producing company. Created in 1911 after the merger of three steel-producing companies, ARBED had a significant role in the economy of the Grand Duchy until it merged in 2002 with two other European steel companies to create Arcelor.
Peter Pauper Press
Peter Pauper Press is an American publishing company. Founded in 1928 by Peter Beilenson, the press was originally run with his wife, Edna, and focused on printing and publishing classic books. The press expanded into giftware and collector's items, and has continued to be run by multiple generations of the Beilenson family.

Collectable
A collectable, collectible, or collector's item is any object regarded as being of value or interest to a collector. Collectable items are not necessarily monetarily valuable or uncommon. There are numerous types of collectables and terms to denote those types. An antique is a collectable that is old. A curio is something deemed unique, uncommon, or weird, such as a decorative item. A manufactured collectable is an item made specifically for people to collect.
Ann (1807 ship)
Ann was a slave ship that sailed from Liverpool in 1807 in the triangular trade in enslaved persons. As of December 2022, her origins are obscure. Ann, William Brown, master sailed from England on 4 May 1807.

She arrived at Sierra Leone from Liverpool and by September was at "Kiltann" (or "Kittanu"). In mid-December she was on the Windward Coast when she exploded with the loss of some 100 captives and some crew. Apparently she had caught fire. Some crew survived.

Minerva acquired about 100 surviving captives and took them to Barbados.

Ann does not appear in the most complete record of losses among enslaving ships, or captains of enslaving ships, though Brown does.

Slave ship
Slave ships were large cargo ships specially built or converted from the 17th to the 19th century for transporting slaves. Such ships were also known as "Guineamen" because the trade involved human trafficking to and from the Guinea coast in West Africa.
Weaveley and Sand Woods
Weaveley and Sand Woods is a 62.0-hectare (153-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Gamlingay in Cambridgeshire.

This site has an unusually varied geology, with areas of free-draining Lower Greensand, poorly drained boulder clay and Jurassic clays. The wood is of ancient origin, and tree species include pedunculate oak and coppiced ash and field maple. Hazel is dominant in the shrub layer. There are uncommon flowers such as herb-paris, butterfly orchid and pignut.

The site is private land with no public access.

Corylus avellana
Corylus avellana, the common hazel, is a species of flowering plant in the birch family Betulaceae. The shrubs usually grow 3–8 metres (10–26 feet) tall. The nut is round, in contrast to the longer filbert nut. Common hazel is native to Europe and Western Asia.

The species is mainly cultivated for its nuts. The name 'hazelnut' applies to the nuts of any species in the genus Corylus, but in commercial contexts usually describes C. avellana. This hazelnut or cob nut, the kernel of the seed, is edible and used raw, roasted, or ground into a paste. Historically, the shrub was an important component of the hedgerows used as field boundaries in lowland England. The wood was grown as coppice, with the poles used for wattle-and-daub building and agricultural fencing.
Fedir Yaroshenko
Fedir Oleksiiovych Yaroshenko (Ukrainian: Федір Олексійович Ярошенко; born 5 December 1949) is a Ukrainian economist and politician who was Head of the State Tax Administration of Ukraine from 2004 to 2005, and Minister of Finance from 2010 to 2012.

Ministry of Finance (Ukraine)
The Ministry of Finance of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Міністерство фінансів України) is the ministry of the Ukrainian government charged with developing and implementing national financial and budget policies, and with defining national policies in customs and taxation. The ministry is responsible for ensuring that the state has enough resources to perform its functions and that financial policies promote economic growth.
Little Andaman Group
Little Andaman Group is a group of islands of the Andaman Islands, which include all islands south of Duncan Passage. It belongs to the South Andaman administrative district, part of the Indian union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

South Andaman district
South Andaman district is one of the three districts of the Indian Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands located in the Bay of Bengal. Sri Vijaya Puram, the capital of the Union Territory is the district headquarters. The area covered by this district is 2,640 km2.
Sis Hopkins (1919 film)
Sis Hopkins is a 1919 comedy film directed by Clarence G. Badger and starring Mabel Normand.  The supporting cast features John Bowers and Sam De Grasse. The plot involves an unsophisticated and eccentric country girl who comes to the city to stay with wealthy relatives.  Initially they underestimate her because she behaves so differently.

Based on a play made famous by Rose Melville, the film was released by the Goldwyn Pictures Corporation on March 2, 1919 with a running time of 50 minutes. It is not known whether the film currently survives, and it may be a lost film. It was subsequently remade in 1941 under the same title with hillbilly comedian Judy Canova playing Normand's role.

Remake
A remake is a film, television series, video game, song or similar form of entertainment that is based upon and retells the story of an earlier production in the same medium—e.g., a "new version of an existing film". A remake tells the same story as the original but uses a different set of casts, and may use actors from the original, alter the theme, or change the flow and setting of the story. In addition, since a remake is released some time after the original work, it may incorporate new technologies, enhancements, and techniques that had not existed or been commonly used when the original work was created. Similar but not synonymous terms are reimagining or reboot, which indicates a greater discrepancy between, for example, a movie and the movie it is based on.
Pragmateia
The Pragmateia (Greek: Πραγματεία, lit. 'Treatise'; traditional Chinese: 證明過去教經; simplified Chinese: 证明过去教经; pinyin: Zhèngmíng guòqù jiào jīng; lit. 'Proof of the Past Teachings'), is one of the seven major books of the prophet Mani, written and regarded as part of the major canon of Manichaeism.

The text is now lost and its exact contents are currently unknown. According to historical records and fragments found in Turfan, the text was likely focused on human history. The text is also mentioned in accounts of the Monijiao branch of Manichaeism (including its religious and political movement known as the White Lotus Society) from the Song dynasty.

Mani (prophet)
Mani (/ˈmɑːni/; c. April AD 216 – 2 March AD 274 or 26 February AD 277) was an Iranian prophet and the founder of Manichaeism, a religion most prevalent in late antiquity.

Mani was born in or near Ctesiphon (south of modern Baghdad) in Mesopotamia, at the time part of the Parthian Empire. Seven of his major works were written in Syriac, and the eighth, dedicated to the Sasanian emperor Shapur I, was written in Middle Persian. He died shortly after being imprisoned by Bahram I in Gundeshapur.
Bill Daniel (filmmaker)
Bill Daniel (born 1959) is an American experimental documentary film artist, photographer, film editor, and cinematographer. He is also an installation artist, curator, and former zine publisher. His full-length film, Who is Bozo Texino? about the tradition of hobo and railworker boxcar graffiti was completed in 2005 and has screened extensively throughout the United States and Europe. Daniel has collaborated with several artists from the Bay Area Mission School art movement, notably Margaret Kilgallen and has worked on multiple projects with underground director Craig Baldwin. Film/video artist Rankin Renwick of the Oregon Department of Kick Ass has been a frequent touring partner, collaborator and co-curator.

In 2008, he was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship for film.

Yerba Buena Center for the Arts
Yerba Buena Center for the Arts (YBCA) is a multi-disciplinary contemporary arts center in San Francisco, California, United States. Located in Yerba Buena Gardens, YBCA features visual art, performance, and film/video that celebrates local, national, and international artists and the Bay Area's diverse communities. YBCA programs year-round in two landmark buildings—the Galleries and Forum by Japanese architect Fumihiko Maki and the adjacent Theater by American architect James Stewart Polshek and Todd Schliemann. Betti-Sue Hertz served as Curator from 2008 through 2015.
George L. Waite
George L. Waite (1869 - April 16, 1945 age 76) was a photographer. He worked for the Milwaukee Journal. Editor & Publisher described him as a pioneer in color photography.

He took botanical photographs. He photographed orchids.

He was the photographer for an expedition to Algeria.

He lived in Wauwatosa, Wisconsin. He took photographs at the Lac du Flambeau Reservation. His photographs in the reservation include images of canoe making.

He photographed orchids on excursions with Albert Fuller, curator of the Milwaukee Public Museum. In 1931 he gave a presentation with colored slide photographs of "Wisconsin Native Orchids".

He worked with Carol McMillan Reid on the book Toys at Play with photographs.

Wauwatosa, Wisconsin
Wauwatosa (/ˌwɔːwəˈtoʊsə/ ⓘ WAW-wə-TOH-sə; colloquially Tosa) is a city in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 48,387 at the 2020 census. Wauwatosa is a suburb located immediately west of Milwaukee and is part of the Milwaukee metropolitan area. It is named after the Potawatomi Chief Wauwataesie and the Potawatomi word for firefly.
National Life Stories
National Life Stories (NLS) is an independent charitable trust and limited company (registered as the "National Life Story Collection") based within the British Library Oral History section, whose key focus and expertise is oral history fieldwork.  Since 1987 National Life Stories (NLS) has initiated a series of innovative interviewing projects funded almost entirely from sponsorship, charitable and individual donations.

Each NLS project is archived at the British Library and comprises recorded in-depth interviews, plus content summaries and (if funds allow) transcripts to assist users.  Alongside the British Library's oral history collections, which stretch back to the beginning of the twentieth century, NLS recordings form a unique and invaluable record of people's lives in Britain today.

Penelope Lively
Dame Penelope Margaret Lively DBE FRSL (née Low; born 17 March 1933) is a British writer of fiction for both children and adults. Lively has won both the Booker Prize (Moon Tiger, 1987) and the Carnegie Medal for British children's books (The Ghost of Thomas Kempe, 1973).
Peter Miscovich
Peter Miscovich (Petar Mišković/Pero Mišković) (1885–1950) was a Croatian-born American inventor. He was born in the village of Imotica in the Austro-Hungarian Kingdom of Dalmatia in 1885 and died in Alaska in 1950.

His most well-known inventions were a steam-powered washing machine and improvement of steam bath. He had seven children with his wife Stane. His son John Miscovich invented the Intelligiant pump used on boats, fire vehicles and more. Peter was also involved with creating hydraulics machines.

Intelligiant
Intelligiant is a water cannon invented by John Miscovich (1918 - August 22, 2014) in the post-WW2 years. His  Intelligiant influenced the development of fire-fighting and hydraulic gold mining, with numerous other applications. Today it is  known as a standard fire fighting cannon.
Pierre Weil
Pierre Weil (16 April 1924 – 10 October 2008) was a psychologist, author and educator dedicated to the cause of world peace.  He was born in Strasbourg, and received  a psychology doctorate from University of Paris VII, where he was taught by Henri Wallon, André Rey and Jean Piaget. He founded the City of Peace Foundation in Brazil in 1986, and  with Jean-Yves Leloup the International Holistic University of Brasília (UNIPEACE), of which he was the director. In 2000, Weil received an honourable mention for the UNESCO Prize for Peace Education.

Weil was the author of more than 40 books.  His book O Corpo Fala ("The Body Speaks") went through more than 60 editions in Brazil.

Paris Diderot University
Paris Diderot University, also known as Paris 7 (French: Université Paris Diderot), was a French university located in Paris, France. It was one of the inheritors of the historic University of Paris, which was split into 13 universities in 1970. Paris Diderot merged with Paris Descartes University in 2019 to form the University of Paris, which was later renamed Paris Cité University.

With two Nobel Prize laureates, two Fields Medal winners and two former French Ministers of Education among its faculty or former faculty, the university was famous for its teaching in science, especially in mathematics. Many fundamental results of the theory of probability were discovered at one of its research centres, the Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles Aléatoires (Laboratory of Probability and Random Models).
The Best of Fredric Brown
The Best of Fredric Brown is a collection of science fiction short stories by American author Fredric Brown, edited by Robert Bloch. It was first published in hardback by Nelson Doubleday in January 1977 and in paperback by Ballantine Books in May of the same year as a volume in its Classic Library of Science Fiction. The book has been translated into German and Spanish.

Short story collection
A short story collection is a book of short stories and/or novellas by a single author. A short story collection is distinguished from an anthology of fiction, which would contain work by several authors (e.g., Les Soirées de Médan). The stories in a collection may or may not share a tone, theme, setting, or characters with one another.
Don't Make Me Wait (Peech Boys song)
"Don't Make Me Wait" is a song recorded by the Peech Boys in 1982. It was written by the band and produced by Paradise garage DJ Larry Levan. It was released by West End Records and peaked at No. 89 on the Billboard R&B singles chart and No. 49 on the UK Singles Chart.

"Don't Make Me Wait" received a respectable play at Paradise Garage. The song is characterized by overdubbed bass, soulful vocals, and gospel-like piano lines reminiscent of those in house music.

West End Records
West End Records is an American music record label based in New York City. Led by co-founder Mel Cheren, West End was one of the most prominent labels in dance music's history, along with Prelude Records, Salsoul Records, and Casablanca Records. West End Records helped introduce the twelve-inch single, the vinyl format popularized by disco music in the 1970s and promoted the nascent garage house music pioneered by DJ Larry Levan in Paradise Garage. West End Records was acquired by Verse music group in 2010. On June 29, 2015, Verse Music was acquired by BMG Rights Management.