hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gianni Mattioli
Gianni Mattioli (1903 – 1977) was an Italian businessman, a cotton trader in Milan, and an art collector, particularly of the work of the Italian Futurists.

Mattioli was born in Milan in 1903, and started collecting in the early 1920s, but most of his collection was built in the late 1930s and 1940s, and in 1949, he acquired 87 works from fellow Italian collector Pietro Feroldi (1881–1958).

Mattioli died in Milan in 1977, and his daughter the art historian, Laura Mattioli Rossi, inherited the collection.

26 works from the Gianni Mattioli Collection were on loan to the Peggy Guggenheim Collection in Venice from 1997 to 2015.

In November 2015, Nu couché a 1917 Amedeo Modigliani oil on canvas from the collection, was sold by his daughter at Christie's, New York for $170.4 million to Liu Yiqian.

Liu Yiqian
Liu Yiqian (Chinese: 刘益谦; pinyin: Liú Yìqiān, pronounced [ljǒʊ îtɕʰjɛ́n], born 1963) is a Chinese billionaire investor and art collector. An autodidact who formerly worked as a taxi driver, he has built his fortune since the mid-1980s by investing in stock trading, real estate and pharmaceuticals.
Pollution of the Hudson River
Like many large rivers that course through urban centers, the Hudson River is subject to extensive pollution. Contributors include large chemical plants, agricultural sources, as well as domestic discharges. A particular problem arises from the discharge of polychlorinated biphenyls from General Electric facilities. Other kinds of pollution include mercury and untreated sewage. The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) has listed various portions of the Hudson as having impaired water quality due to PCBs, cadmium, and other toxic compounds.  Other ongoing pollution problems affecting the river include: accidental sewage discharges, urban runoff, heavy metals, furans, dioxins, pesticides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).

Urban runoff
Urban runoff is surface runoff of rainwater, landscape irrigation, and car washing created by urbanization. Impervious surfaces (roads, parking lots and sidewalks) are constructed during land development. During rain, storms, and other precipitation events, these surfaces (built from materials such as asphalt and concrete), along with rooftops, carry polluted stormwater to storm drains, instead of allowing the water to percolate through soil.

This causes lowering of the water table (because groundwater recharge is lessened) and flooding since the amount of water that remains on the surface is greater. Most municipal storm sewer systems discharge untreated stormwater to streams, rivers, and bays. This excess water can also make its way into people's properties through basement backups and seepage through building wall and floors.
Urban runoff can be a major source of urban flooding and water pollution in urban communities worldwide.
GRRR!
GRRR! is a greatest hits album by the Rolling Stones. Released on 12 November 2012, it commemorates the band's 50th anniversary. The album features two new songs titled "Doom and Gloom" and "One More Shot", which were recorded in August 2012.

"Doom and Gloom" peaked at No. 61 on the UK Singles Chart, No. 26 on the Billboard Japan Hot 100 and No. 30 on the Billboard Rock Songs chart in October 2012. Rolling Stone magazine named "Doom and Gloom" the 18th best song of 2012.

The album reached No. 3 on the UK Albums Chart and No. 19 on the US Billboard 200.

In support of GRRR!, a Stones concert was recorded on 15 December 2012 at the Prudential Center in Newark, New Jersey, United States, as part of the band's 50 & Counting tour, and broadcast as the pay-per-view 2012 concert film One More Shot: The Rolling Stones Live. It was remixed and re-edited as the live album and concert film Grrr Live!, released on 10 February 2023.

Billboard Japan Hot 100
The Billboard Japan Hot 100 is a record chart in Japan for songs. It has been compiled by Billboard Japan and Hanshin Contents Link since February 2008. The chart is updated every Wednesday at Billboard-japan.com (JST) and every Thursday at Billboard.com (UTC).

The first number-one song on the chart was "Stay Gold" by Hikaru Utada on the issue dated January 16, 2008. The first number-one song on the chart by a non-Japanese artist was "Bleeding Love" by Leona Lewis in the issue dated April 30, 2008. The current number-one on the chart as of the issue dated February 25, 2026, is "Bakuretsu Aishiteru" by M!lk.
Dumplin' (film)
Dumplin' is a 2018 American coming-of-age comedy drama film directed by Anne Fletcher and written by Kristin Hahn. It is based on the 2015 novel by Julie Murphy. The film stars Danielle Macdonald as Willowdean "Dumplin'" Dickson, Jennifer Aniston as her mother, Rosie Dickson, and Odeya Rush as her best friend, Ellen Dryver.

Dumplin'
Dumplin' is a 2015 young adult novel and the second book by the American author Julie Murphy. It was first published in hardback in the United States on September 15, 2015 through Balzer + Bray. An audiobook adaptation, narrated by Eileen Stevens, was released through Harper Audio. The book focuses on Willowdean "Dumplin'" Dickson, a plus-size teenager who finds love, but also realizes that she is more insecure about herself than she initially thought.
Typhoon Son-Tinh
Typhoon Son-Tinh (transliterated from Vietnamese Sơn Tinh), known in the Philippines as Tropical Storm Ofel, was a powerful, late-forming typhoon that devastated the Philippines with tropical storm strength, and battered Northern Vietnam with hurricane-force winds at landfall on October 28, 2012. Originating from a broad area of low pressure over Palau on October 20, the system strengthened into a tropical depression by October 21, and on October 22, it became the 23rd named storm of the season.

Twenty-seven people were killed in the Philippines due to the heavy rain from Son-Tinh. Six fishermen were reported missing, and more than 13,000 passengers were stranded at ferry terminals and ports.

PAGASA
The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (full name: Department of Science and Technology-Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration) (Filipino: Pangasiwaan ng Pilipinas sa Serbisyong Atmosperiko, Heopisiko at Astronomiko), abbreviated as PAGASA or DOST-PAGASA, is the National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS) agency of the Philippines mandated to provide protection against natural calamities and to ensure the safety, well-being and economic security of all the people, and for the promotion of national progress by undertaking scientific and technological services in meteorology, hydrology, climatology, astronomy and other geophysical sciences. Created on December 8, 1972, by reorganizing the Weather Bureau, PAGASA now serves as one of the Scientific and Technological Services Institutes of the Department of Science and Technology.
Blood Reign: Curse of the Yoma
Blood Reign: Curse of the Yoma (妖魔, Yōma; "Ghost"), also known as Curse of the Undead: Yoma, is a Japanese manga written and illustrated by Kei Kusunoki. The manga was serialized in Shueisha's manga magazine Ribon Original from 1985 to 1986. The individual chapters were collected into a one-shot bound volume by Shueisha on February 18, 1998. The manga was adapted into an original video animation by Takashi Anno.

Ribon Original
Ribon Original (Japanese: RIBONオリジナル, Hepburn: Ribon Orijinaru) was a Japanese shōjo manga magazine published by Shueisha. It was a sister magazine of Ribon, and was published from 1981 until 2006. New and up-and-coming Ribon manga artists often had their first short stories published in this magazine. Established Ribon manga artists who had a decrease in popularity also had short stories or short series in Ribon Original, and side stories to series currently running in Ribon were also in this magazine. Yonkoma manga that are published in Ribon also concurrently ran in Ribon Original.

Ribon Original was first published quarterly from 1981. It switched to bimonthly in 1994 and remained as such until the magazine was cancelled due to poor sales. The last issue was the June 2006 issue.
1998 Women's Australian Hockey League
The 1998 Women's Australian Hockey League (AHL) was the 6th edition of the women's field hockey tournament. The tournament was held in various cities across Australia, and was contested from 25 June through to 18 July 1999.

NSW Arrows won the tournament for the third time after defeating QLD Scorchers 4–3 in the final. WAIS Diamonds finished in third place after defeating ACT Strikers 3–2 in the third and fourth place playoff.

New South Wales Arrows
The New South Wales Arrows are a nationally competing field hockey team based in Sydney, Australia. 
 Their most recent Australian Hockey League title win was in 2014. In 2015, NSW beat the ACT in the bronze medal playoff, securing 3rd place in the final rankings after beating Canberra Labor Club Strikers 3-1. The NSW Arrows are the most successful team in the AHL, winning a record 9 titles in the years 1993, 1996, 1998-2002, 2009 and 2014.
Wee Georgie Wood Railway
The Wee Georgie Wood Railway is a 2 ft (610 mm) narrow gauge tourist tramway running from Tullah, on a 1.9 km (1.2 miles) short track by the edge of Lake Rosebery in the West Coast Municipality of Tasmania.

West Coast Council
West Coast Council is a local government body in Tasmania, covering much of the western region of the state. West Coast is classified as a rural local government area and has a population of 4,167. The major towns and localities of the region include Strahan, Rosebery, Zeehan and the principal town of Queenstown.
John Higham (Australian politician)
John Joseph Higham (1856–1927) was the Western Australian Legislative Assembly Member for Fremantle from 1896 to 1904.

Higham was born in Fremantle to parents John Henry and Mary Higham, who had recently arrived in the Swan River Colony. He attended Fremantle Boys' School under George Bland Humble, Bishop Hale's School, and then the Camden Collegiate School in Sydney.

In 1881 he took over from his mother as manager of the family business M. Higham and Sons.

In 1882 Higham married Edith Elizabeth Bateman; they had five sons and one daughter.

By 1886 he owned the National Hotel building.

In 1890 he was elected a West Ward councillor of Fremantle.

In 1894 his son John Henry died. The family were living on Beach Street. Another son, Arthur Edward, died in 1921. By then they had moved to Altona (57 Fothergill Street).

Higham is buried at Fremantle Cemetery.

Swan River Colony
The Swan River Colony, also known as the Swan River Settlement, or just Swan River, was a British colony established in 1829 on the Swan River. This initial settlement place on the Swan River was soon named Perth, and it became the capital city of Western Australia.

The name was a pars pro toto for Western Australia. In 1831, the military outpost Frederick Town was transferred from the Colony of New South Wales to the Swan River Colony and renamed Albany,: 55–115  and on 6 February 1832, the Swan River Colony was renamed the Colony of Western Australia, when the colony's founding lieutenant-governor, Captain James Stirling, belatedly received his commission. However, the name Swan River Colony remained in informal use for many years.
Sunyer I, Count of Empúries
Sunyer I was count of Empúries and Roussillon (with the pagus of Perelada) from 834 to 841.

He was the son of Count Belló I of Carcassonne.

Sunyer I was deposed in 841 due to a new policy of the Frankish Emperor, he died in 848. His eldest son, Sunyer II, was later a count of Empúries and Roussillon (with Perelada) and another son, Delà, was an associate count of his brother.

Peralada
Peralada (Catalan pronunciation: [pəɾəˈlaðə]) is a village in the province of Girona, Catalonia, Spain.  It was the home of the Frankish Counts of Peralada who controlled this portion of the Marca Hispanica before becoming part of the lands held by the Count of Barcelona.

Figueres is 6.5 km to the west, Roses 13.6 km to the south east. The N-260 to the south connects Figueres with Portbou and the French border.

The local economy is based on tourism, winemaking and dairy farming.

Since 1987 a festival of music called Festival Internacional de Música "Castell de Peralada", focused on lyrical productions and operas, has been held in Peralada.
Thomas Ryan (bishop)
Thomas Ryan (8 February 1915 – 21 August 1983) was an Irish prelate who served as Bishop of Clonfert.

Ryan was born in Kilcommon, County Tipperary. He was educated locally at Kilcommon national school and Mount Melleray seminary, Co. Waterford. He studied for the priesthood at St. Patrick's College, Thurles and the Irish College, Rome, and ordained priest in Rome on 10 July 1938.

MIC, St. Patrick's Campus, Thurles
Mary Immaculate College, (MIC) St. Patrick's Campus, Thurles is a third-level college of education in Thurles, County Tipperary. Formerly a seminary, the college specialises in humanities courses in accounting, business studies, Irish and religious studies.
2000 Tandridge District Council election
The 2000 Tandridge District Council election took place on 4 May 2000 to elect members of Tandridge District Council in Surrey, England. The whole council was up for election, rather than the normal election by thirds, following boundary changes since the last election in 1999. There remained 42 seats on the council: six three-member wards, ten two-member wards and four one-member wards. The Conservative Party gained overall control of the council from no overall control.

Tandridge District
Tandridge is a local government district in east Surrey, England. Its council is based in Oxted, although the largest settlement is Caterham; other notable settlements include Warlingham, Godstone and Lingfield. In mid-2019, the district had an estimated population of 88,129.

Tandridge borders the Borough of Reigate and Banstead to the west, the London Borough of Croydon to the north, the London Borough of Bromley to the north-east, the Sevenoaks District of Kent to the east, the Wealden District of East Sussex to the south-east, the Mid Sussex District of West Sussex to the south and the Borough of Crawley, also in West Sussex, to the south-west.

The district contains parts of the North Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and the Weald. It also contains several woodlands and some open heathland. Elevations above sea level range from 267 m (876 ft) at Botley Hill, in the North Downs near Oxted, to 42 m (138 ft) near Edenbridge.
Albert J. Winegar
Albert James Winegar (October 28, 1868 – April 30, 1935) was an American mechanical engineer and politician.

Born in Clayville, New York, in the town of Paris, Winegar moved with his parents to Moody County, Dakota Territory in 1878. Winegar graduated from Dakota Agricultural College (now South Dakota State University) in 1892 and was a mechanical engineer. In 1896, Winegar moved to Beloit, Wisconsin where he worked as a mechanical engineer. He also worked in the insurance business and owned an automobile service station in Beloit, Wisconsin. Winegar served on the Beloit Common Council and was a Republican. In 1915, Winegar served in the Wisconsin State Assembly. During World War I, Winegar served in the United States Army Air Service. Winegar died in a hospital in Beloit, Wisconsin.

Paris, New York
Paris is a town in Oneida County, New York, United States. The town is in the southeast part of the county and is south of Utica. The population was 4,332 at the 2020 census. The town was named after an early benefactor, Colonel Isaac Paris.
Photius Fisk
Photius Fisk (Greek: Φώτιος Καβασάλης Φισκ; January 1807/1809 – February 4, 1890), also known as Photius Kavasales or Kavasalis, was a Greek-American statesman, botanist, philanthropist, clergyman, abolitionist, and civil rights activist. He is known for lobbying to end flogging in the U.S. Navy. Congress officially passed the law in 1850. The legislation was particularly beneficial to slaves working in the U.S. Navy. Fisk funded countless abolitionist causes and erected several monuments for abolitionists. He had a saffron or bronze complexion. Photius dedicated his life to the poor and destitute.

Joshua Reed Giddings
Joshua Reed Giddings (October 6, 1795 – May 27, 1864) was an American attorney, politician and abolitionist. He represented Northeast Ohio in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1838 to 1859. He was at first a member of the Whig Party and was later a Republican, helping found the party.

Giddings is noted as a leading abolitionist of his era. He was censured in 1842 for violating the gag rule against discussing slavery in the House of Representatives when he proposed a number of Resolutions against federal support for the coastwise slave trade, in relation to the Creole case. He quickly resigned, but was overwhelmingly re-elected by his Ohio constituents in a special election to fill the vacant seat. He returned to the House and served a total of nearly twenty more years as representative.

Giddings is one of the main reasons that the Western Reserve was, before the Civil War, one of the most anti-slavery regions of the country.
The Attitude Era (album)
The Attitude Era is a compilation album by British musician Dean Blunt and Estonian musician Inga Copeland. It was exclusively released through The Guardian's website on April 6, 2012, in an article where the duo were interviewed as part of the music and art group Hype Williams. Consisting of 33 tracks, all songs on the album were previously unreleased, with some being made during recording sessions for Hype William's One Nation (2011) and Blunt's The Narcissist mixtapes.

The Attitude Era has received positive reviews from music critics. In June 2017, it was re-released onto select music streaming services.

Hatful of Hollow
Hatful of Hollow is a compilation album by the English rock band the Smiths, released on 2 November 1984 in the United Kingdom, by Rough Trade Records. The album features tracks from BBC Radio 1 sessions, their first single "Hand in Glove" (a different mix of which had been included on the band's  debut album released earlier in the year) and two new singles and their B-sides. It was eventually released in the United States on 9 November 1993 by Sire Records, which had initially declined to release the album in the country. Sire instead released Louder Than Bombs in the US in 1987, which is effectively a hybrid of Hatful of Hollow and a subsequent UK compilation album The World Won't Listen, along with additional songs that do not appear on either.

Hatful of Hollow reached No. 7 on the UK Albums Chart, remaining on the chart for 46 weeks. In 2000, Q placed the album at No. 44 on its list of the "100 Greatest British Albums Ever".
Nick Martini
Nicholas Scott Martini (born June 27, 1990) is an American professional baseball outfielder who is a free agent. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Oakland Athletics, San Diego Padres, Chicago Cubs, Cincinnati Reds, and Colorado Rockies, and in the KBO League for the NC Dinos.

Las Vegas Aviators
The  Las Vegas Aviators, formerly known as the Las Vegas 51s and Las Vegas Stars, are a Minor League Baseball team of the Pacific Coast League (PCL) and the Triple-A affiliate of the Athletics. They are located in Summerlin South, Nevada, a community in Las Vegas. The Aviators play their home games at Las Vegas Ballpark, a 10,000-seat facility which opened in 2019. The team previously played at Cashman Field from 1983 to 2018.

The team has been members of the Pacific Coast League since 1983, including the 2021 season when it was known as the Triple-A West. They won the PCL championship as the Stars in 1986 and 1988 and again in 2025 as the Aviators.
Comhaltan Ua Clerigh
Comhaltan Ua Clerigh was King of Uí Fiachrach Aidhne, fl. 964/966-978.

Sub anno 966, the Chronicon Scotorum states:

A defeat was inflicted on ua Ruairc in Boirenn of Corcu Mruad by Comaltán grandson of Cléirech and by Mael Sechnaill son of Argda, in which 4000 fell, including Taichlech ua Gadra, i.e. king of Luigne.

The much later Annals of the Four Masters date the incident to 964, stating:

A victory was gained by Comhaltan Ua Cleirigh, i.e. lord of Ui-Fiachrach-Aidhne, and by Maelseachlainn, son of Arcda, over Fearghal Ua Ruairc, where seven hundred were lost, together with Toichleach Ua Gadhra, lord of South Luighne.

Under the year 978, Chronicon Scotorum states Comaltán ua Cléirigh, king of Uí Fhiachrach of Aidne, dies.

Annals of the Four Masters
The Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland (Middle Irish: Annála Ríoghachta Éireann) or the Annals of the Four Masters (Annála na gCeithre Máistrí) are chronicles of medieval Irish history. The entries span from the Deluge, dated as 2,242 years after creation to AD 1616.

The work was compiled between 1632 and 1636 under the direction of Mícheál Ó Cléirigh and his collaborators, collectively known as the Four Masters. According to modern scholarship, the compilation began at the Franciscan house of refuge at Bundrowes (Bun Drobhaoise) in Bundoran, County Donegal, which served as a base for the friars following the destruction of their original monastery at Donegal Town.
Joseph Martinez (gymnast)
Joseph Martinez (born 1878, date of death unknown) was an Algerian-French gymnast. He competed in the men's individual all-around event at the 1900 Summer Olympics.

Joseph Martinez is officially recognized by both the FIG  (the official governing body of the sport of Artistic Gymnastics) and USAG (the official governing body of the sport of Artistic gymnastics within the USA) as the 1903 World All-Around Champion in the sport of Artistic gymnastics.

Martinez attended the international gymnastics tournament in Antwerp the international gymnastics tournament in Antwerp in 1903. As a result of the retrospective awarding of scoring for individual performances when these started to be recognised after 1922, Martinez's performance at the 1903 tournament is scored as the best all-round performance.

Gymnastics at the 1900 Summer Olympics
At the 1900 Summer Olympics one gymnastics event for men was contested. The competition was held on Sunday, 29 July 1900, and on Monday, 30 July 1900. There were 135 competitors from 8 nations. The top 18 places were taken by French gymnasts, of which there were more than 100. The event was won by Gustave Sandras, with Noël Bas finishing second and Lucien Démanet third. The highest-placing foreign gymnast was Jules Ducret of Switzerland, in a tie for 19th place.
Karen Livescu
Karen Livescu is an American computer scientist specializing in speech processing and natural language processing, and applications of deep learning to these topics. She is a professor in the Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago and a part-time associate professor of computer science at the University of Chicago.

Speech processing
Speech processing is the study of speech signals and the processing methods of  signals. The signals are usually processed in a digital representation, so speech processing can be regarded as a special case of digital signal processing, applied to speech signals. Aspects of speech processing includes the acquisition, manipulation, storage, transfer and output of speech signals. Different speech processing tasks include speech recognition, speech synthesis, speaker diarization, speech enhancement, speaker recognition, etc.