hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Natural resources of the Republic of Ireland
The primary natural resources of the Republic of Ireland include natural gas, petroleum, peat, copper, lead, dolomite, barite, limestone, gypsum, silver and zinc. Key industries based on these and other natural resources include fishing, mining, and various forms of agriculture and fish farming. The Department of Communications, Energy and Natural Resources is charged with the legislative protection of Ireland's natural resources.

Territorial waters
Territorial waters are informally an area of water where a sovereign state has jurisdiction, including internal waters, the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone, and potentially the extended continental shelf (these components are sometimes collectively called the maritime zones). In a narrower sense, the term is often used as a synonym for the territorial sea.

Vessels have different rights and duties when passing through each area defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), one of the most ratified treaties. States cannot exercise their jurisdiction in waters beyond the exclusive economic zone, which are known as the high seas.
Roger (automobile)
The Roger was a light car manufactured by Thomas Rodger & Co Ltd of Wolverhampton, England, between 1920 and 1924.

The Eleven model was powered by a 1,370cc 4-cylinder Coventry Climax engine, and featured friction transmission and chain final drive. The only body style offered originally was a 2-seater, which featured leather upholstery, royal blue paintwork and disc wheels. A coupe was offered in 1924, and a self-starter was a £13 optional extra. The agent for the Roger was the Ogle Motor Co of London. Production was approximately 100 cars, as the Roger could not compete on price against manufacturers such as Clyno.

Clyno
Clyno Engineering Company, later Clyno Engineering Company (1922) Ltd, was a motorcycle and car manufacturer that operated in Thrapston from 1909 to 1910 and then in Wolverhampton from 1910 to 1929. During this time they produced over 15,000 motorcycles and between 36,000 and 40,000 cars, at one point becoming Britain's third largest car manufacturer.
Transport on the Gold Coast, Queensland
The Gold Coast is the largest non-capital city and fastest growing city in Australia. As a result, the Gold Coast has a wide range of public and private transport options from cars and bikes to buses, heavy rail and light rail. The car is the dominant mode of transport in the city with an extensive arterial road network that connects the standard residential streets with major suburbs and motorways.

Public Transport on the Gold Coast is managed by the Queensland Government's Department of Transport and Main Roads, while Translink coordinates the transport network in South East Queensland.

G:link
G:link, also known as the Gold Coast Light Rail, the Gold Coast tram or simply the 'G, is a light rail system serving the Gold Coast in Queensland, Australia, and is the sole light rail system in Queensland. The system forms part of Translink's South East Queensland public transport network and consists of a single 20 km (12 mi) line of nineteen stations. Helensvale railway station is the northern terminus of the system, while Broadbeach South serves as the southern terminus. The line initially opened on 20 July 2014 and was subsequently extended northwest from Gold Coast University Hospital to Helensvale on 17 December 2017.
2016 BNP Paribas Open
The 2016 BNP Paribas Open (also known as the 2016 Indian Wells Open) was a professional tennis tournament played at Indian Wells, California in March 2016. It was the 43rd edition of the men's event and 28th of the women's event, and was classified as an ATP World Tour Masters 1000 event on the 2016 ATP World Tour and a Premier Mandatory event on the 2016 WTA Tour. Both the men's and the women's events took place at the Indian Wells Tennis Garden in Indian Wells, California, from March 7 through March 20, 2016, on outdoor hard courts.

Indian Wells, California
Indian Wells is a city in Riverside County, California, United States, in the Coachella Valley. Incorporated in 1967, it lies in between the cities of Palm Desert and La Quinta. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 4,757.

The city hosts the sixth-largest tennis tournament in the world, the Indian Wells Masters tennis tournament, presently known as the BNP Paribas Open. The Indian Wells Masters is one of nine ATP Masters 1000 tournaments operated by the Association of Tennis Professionals, and one of the four mandatory WTA 1000 tournaments of the Women's Tennis Association. It is held at the Indian Wells Tennis Garden, which contains the second-largest tennis-specific stadium in the world.
Qassimiut
Qassimiut, also known by its Danish name Bødker, is a settlement in the Kujalleq municipality in southern Greenland. The settlement was founded in 1835 as a trading station. With a population of 14 in 2024, it is the smallest organised, permanent settlement in Greenland.

Until January 2009, the settlement—along Eqalugaarsuit and Saarloq, as well as 13 sheep farms—belonged to Qaqortoq municipality. On 1 January 2009 the settlement became part of Kujalleq municipality, when the Narsaq, Qaqortoq, and Nanortalik municipalities ceased to exist. The settlements are presently governed by a joint settlement council, although Qassimiut has no direct representation in the council. It was founded in 1835 by Julianehåb buisnesmann Frederik Lassen, with Bødker Peter Bendtsen as first bestyrer.

Narsaq
Narsaq (Greenlandic, lit. 'Plain'  or 'Field'; Danish), formerly Nordprøven (Danish, lit. 'The North Test'  or 'The North Trial'), is a town in Kujalleq, Greenland, Kingdom of Denmark on the shores of Tunulliarfik Fjord.
Australonoe
Australonoe willani is a species of marine annelids in the family Polynoidae (scale worms), and the sole member of the genus Australonoe, known only from the south-east Indian Ocean at Rottnest Island, Western Australia.

Polynoidae
Polynoidae is a family of marine Polychaete worms known as "scale worms" due to the scale-like elytra on the dorsal surface. Almost 900 species are currently recognised belonging to 9 subfamilies and 167 genera. They are active hunters, but generally dwell in protected environments such as under stones. The group is widely distributed from shallow intertidal waters to hadal trenches. They are the most diverse group of polychaetes in terms of genus number and second most diverse in terms of species number which is almost 8% of all segmented worm species.
Circle of confusion
In optics, a circle of confusion (CoC) is an optical spot caused by a cone of light rays from a lens not coming to a perfect focus when imaging a point source. It is also known as disk of confusion, circle of indistinctness, blur circle, or blur spot.

In photography, the circle of confusion is used to determine the depth of field, the part of an image that is acceptably sharp. A standard value of CoC is often associated with each image format, but the most appropriate value depends on visual acuity, viewing conditions, and the amount of enlargement. Usages in context include maximum permissible circle of confusion,  circle of confusion diameter limit, and the circle of confusion criterion.

Real lenses do not focus all rays perfectly, so that even at best focus, a point is imaged as a spot rather than a point. The smallest such spot that a lens can produce is often referred to as the circle of least confusion.

Defocus aberration
In optics, defocus is the aberration in which an image is simply out of focus. This aberration is familiar to anyone who has used a camera, videocamera, microscope, telescope, or binoculars. Optically, defocus refers to a translation of the focus along the optical axis away from the detection surface. In general, defocus reduces the sharpness and contrast of the image. What should be sharp, high-contrast edges in a scene become gradual transitions. Fine detail in the scene is blurred or even becomes invisible. Nearly all image-forming optical devices incorporate some form of focus adjustment to minimize defocus and maximize image quality.
Annika Langvad
Annika Langvad (born 22 March 1984) is a Danish racing cyclist, who riding for Specialized Racing in cross-country mountain bike racing. Langvad is a five-time World Champion in mountain bike racing, winning four titles in mountain bike marathon and one in cross-country.

2018 UCI Mountain Bike World Cup
The 2018 Mercedes-Benz UCI Mountain Bike World Cup was a series of races in Olympic Cross-Country (XCO), Cross-Country Eliminator (XCE), and Downhill (DHI). Each discipline had an Elite Men and an Elite Women category. There were also under-23 categories in the XCO and junior categories in the DHI. The cross-country series and the downhill series each had seven rounds, some of which were held concurrently.

The 2018 series returned to some classic venues, including Fort William, Nové Město, and Mont-Sainte-Anne.  There was also a race in Stellenbosch, which was the first time a World Cup race had been held in South Africa since 2014.
Dominant portion
The term dominant portion is used in measurement of room spaces for valuation or appraisal purposes.

The dominant portion is defined as:

the largest solid or glass area making up the inside finished surface, along a single plane, of the total permanent outer building wall.

the portion of the inside finished surface of the permanent outer building wall which is 50% or more of the vertical floor to ceiling dimension measured at the dominant portions. If there is no dominant portion, or if the dominant portion is not vertical, the measurement for area shall be to the inside finished surface of the permanent outer building wall where it intersects the finished floor.

The second definition particularly applies to measurement of office spaces based on the Building Owners and Managers Association measurement.

Real estate appraisal
Real estate appraisal, home appraisal, property valuation or land valuation is the process of assessing the value of real property (usually market value). The appraisal is conducted by a licensed appraiser. Real estate transactions often require appraisals to ensure fairness, accuracy, and financial security for all parties involved.

Appraisal reports form the basis for mortgage loans, settling estates and divorces, taxation, etc. Sometimes an appraisal report is also used to establish a sale price for a property. Factors like size of the property, condition, age, and location play a key role in the valuation.
53rd United States Congress
The 53rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1893, to March 4, 1895, during the first two years of Grover Cleveland's second presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1890 United States census.

The Democrats maintained their majority in the House (albeit reduced) and won back control of the Senate. With Grover Cleveland being sworn in on March 4, 1893, for his second stint as president, this also gave the Democrats an overall federal government trifecta for the first time since the establishment of the Republican Party in 1854.

George F. Hoar
George Frisbie Hoar (August 29, 1826 – September 30, 1904) was an American attorney and politician, represented Massachusetts in the United States Senate from 1877 until his death in 1904. He belonged to an extended family that became politically prominent in 18th- and 19th-century New England.

An abolitionist and Radical Republican, Hoar regarded slavery as immoral and was raised in a household which actively opposed racial bigotry and often defied laws they deemed unjust. Hoar strongly opposed and assailed the Democratic Party, which he viewed as the "party of the saloon keeper, ballot-box stuffer, and Klansman."

Hoar was referred to by his middle name "Frisbie" among friends.
Apache (dance)
Apache (French: [a.paʃ]), or La Danse Apache, Bowery Waltz, Apache Turn, Apache Dance and  Tough Dance  is a highly dramatic dance associated in popular culture with Parisian street culture at the beginning of the 20th century. The name of the dance is pronounced ah-PAHSH, not uh-PATCH-ee. In fin de siècle Paris young members of street gangs were labelled Apaches by the press because of the ferocity of their savagery towards one another, a name taken from the native North American indigenous people, the Apache.

The dance is sometimes said to reenact a violent "discussion" between a pimp and a prostitute. It includes mock slaps and punches, the man picking up and throwing the woman to the ground, or lifting and carrying her while she struggles or feigns unconsciousness. Thus, the dance shares many features with the theatrical discipline of stage combat.  In some examples, the woman may fight back.

Stage combat
Stage combat, fight craft  or fight choreography is a specialised technique in theatre designed to create the illusion of physical combat without causing harm to the performers. It is employed in live stage plays as well as operatic and ballet productions. With the advent of cinema and television the term has widened to also include the choreography of filmed fighting sequences, as opposed to the earlier live performances on stage. It is closely related to the practice of stunts and is a common field of study for actors. Actors famous for their stage fighting skills frequently have backgrounds in dance, gymnastics or martial arts training.
United States Army enlisted rank insignia
The chart below shows the current enlisted rank insignia of the United States Army, with seniority, and pay grade, increasing from right to left. The enlisted ranks of  corporal (E-4) and higher are considered non-commissioned officers (NCOs). The rank of specialist is also in pay grade E-4, but does not hold non-commissioned officer status; it is common that a soldier may never hold the rank of corporal, and instead be promoted from specialist to sergeant, attaining junior NCO status at that time.

In the beginning, U.S. Army enlisted rank was indicated by colored epaulets. The use of chevrons came into being in 1821, with the orientation changing over time from point-down to point-up and back again, to the point-down orientation seen in the American Civil War. Around the turn of the 20th century, point-up wear of chevrons returned and has remained so.

Enlisted rank
An enlisted rank (also known as an enlisted grade or enlisted rate or enlisted man) is, in some armed services, any rank below that of a commissioned officer. The term can be inclusive of non-commissioned officers or warrant officers, except in United States military usage where warrant officers/chief warrant officers are a separate officer category ranking above enlisted grades and below commissioned officer grades. In most cases, enlisted service personnel perform jobs specific to their own occupational specialty, as opposed to the more generalized command responsibilities of commissioned officers.

The term "enlistment" refers solely to a military commitment (whether officer or enlisted) whereas the terms "taken on strength" and "struck off strength" refer to a service member being carried on a given unit's roll.
Noordbeemster
Noordbeemster is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the former municipality of Beemster, and lies about 9 km north of Purmerend. Since 2022 it has been part of the municipality of Purmerend.

The statistical district "Noordbeemster", which covers the village and the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 605.

Beemster
Beemster (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈbeːmstər] ⓘ) is a former municipality in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. The Beemster is the first polder in the Netherlands reclaimed from a lake, the water extracted by windmills between 1609 and 1612. The original well-ordered landscape of fields, roads, canals, and dykes has been preserved intact. A grid of canals parallels the grid of roads in the Beemster. The larger feeder canals are offset by approximately one kilometer from the larger roads.

Beemster merged into the existing municipality of Purmerend on 1 January 2022.
9th Battalion, CEF
The 9th Battalion, CEF, an infantry battalion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force, was authorized on 10 August 1914.  It embarked for Britain on 1 October 1914, where it was redesignated as the 9th Reserve Infantry Battalion, CEF, on 29 April 1915, to provide reinforcements for the Canadian Corps in the field. The battalion was formally disbanded on 15 September 1917.

The battalion recruited in Edmonton, Alberta, and Ottawa, Ontario, and was mobilized at Camp Valcartier, Quebec.

The 9th Reserve Battalion formed part of the Canadian Training Depot at Tidworth Camp on the Salisbury Plain.

The 9th Battalion, CEF, had three officers commanding:

Lt.-Col. S.M. Rogers, 22 September 1914 – 4 May 1915

Lt.-Col. E.E.W Moore, 8 May 1915 – 25 April 1916

Lt.-Col. E.B. Clegg, 25 April 1916 – 2 January 1917

Canadian Expeditionary Force
The Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF; French: Corps expéditionnaire canadien) was the expeditionary field force of Canada during the First World War. It was formed on August 15, 1914, following Britain’s declaration of war on the German Empire, with an initial strength of one infantry division. The division subsequently fought at Ypres on the Western Front, with a newly raised second division reinforcing the committed units to form the Canadian Corps. The CEF and corps was eventually expanded to four infantry divisions, which were all committed to the fighting in France and Belgium along the Western Front. A fifth division was partially raised in 1917, but was broken up in 1918 and used as reinforcements following heavy casualties.
Bobs Creek (Pennsylvania)
Bobs Creek is a tributary of Dunning Creek in south west/south central Pennsylvania in the United States.

Via Dunning Creek, it is part of the watershed of the Raystown Branch Juniata River, flowing to the Juniata River, the Susquehanna River, and Chesapeake Bay. Bobs Creek is 21.7 miles (34.9 km) long and is rated by American Whitewater as having a class I-III section for rafting and kayaking.

Juniata River
The Juniata River (/ˌdʒuːniˈætə/) is an approximately 104 mi (167 km) long tributary of the Susquehanna River in central Pennsylvania. The river is considered scenic along much of its route, having a broad and shallow course passing through several mountain ridges and steeply lined water gaps. It formed an early 18th-century frontier region in Pennsylvania and was the site of French-allied Native American attacks against English colonial settlements during the French and Indian War.

The watershed of the river encompasses an area of approximately 3,400 square miles (8,800 km2), approximately one-eighth of the drainage area of the Susquehanna. Approximately two-thirds of the watershed is forested. It is the second largest tributary of the Susquehanna after the West Branch Susquehanna.
Frederick Austin
Frederick George Austin (31 January 1902 – October 1990) was a British painter, etcher and engraver.

Austin studied at Leicester College of Art and his brother was Robert Austin. He won the Prix de Rome in 1927 for his work Flight into Egypt. His work was part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1948 Summer Olympics.

Robert Austin (artist)
Robert Sargent Austin RA PPRWS PPRE (23 June 1895 – 18 September 1973) was a noted artist, illustrator, engraver and currency designer and widely considered to be one of Britain's leading mid-twentieth century printmakers.
Hospital Saint Bois Murals
The murals of the Saint Bois Hospital were a set of 35 murals at the Martirené Pavilion at the Hospital Saint Bois in Uruguay. The murals were created by Joaquín Torres-García and the members of the Taller Torres García art group and were inaugurated on July 29, 1944.

Julio Alpuy
Julio Uruguay Alpuy (January 27, 1919 – April 5, 2009) was an Uruguayan painter, sculptor, and muralist. During his early career, Alpuy was a part of the Taller Torres-García (School of the South) and the constructive art movement. While his early works were greatly influenced by Torres-García's theories about what he called Constructive Universalism, Alpuy drew from a wide variety of cultures and myths to create works that broke the boundaries of the constructive grid. Additionally, his studies in Europe and Latin America helped develop an interest in Cubism and myths that influenced later works. Alpuy had a prolific career and his works are exhibited throughout the world.
Centenary Square, Parramatta
Centenary Square, formerly known as Bicentennial Square, is a civic square located in the heart of Parramatta, New South Wales, Australia. It faces the 1883 Parramatta Town Hall and St John's Cathedral. The square was listed on the Parramatta City Council local government heritage list on 20 August 1999.

Parramatta Town Hall
The Parramatta Town Hall is a heritage-listed town hall located in the Greater Western Sydney suburb of Parramatta, New South Wales, Australia. Designed by Messrs Blackmann and Parkes in the Victorian Free Classical architectural style, the town hall was completed in 1883 at a cost of A£2,300 to serve as the town hall and municipal chamber for the Borough of Parramatta.

Parramatta Town Hall has undergone a recent upgrade, with the City of Parramatta carefully overseeing the adaptive reuse of the iconic building's unique architectural charm and beauty, whilst adding contemporary touches that offer an air of modern comfort for this landmark venue.
W. E. Jefferson House
The W. E. Jefferson House in Boise, Idaho, is a 1+1⁄2-story Queen Anne, Shingle style cottage designed by Tourtellotte & Co. and constructed in 1907 in Boise's Hyde Park neighborhood. The house features front, right, and left gabled dormers and a cross-facade porch supported by square coffered posts. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1982.

William and Mary Jefferson purchased property for the house in 1906 from Charles Paynton, whose house in the next block on N 8th St. also was designed by Tourtellotte (1900) and also is listed on the NRHP. The Jeffersons built a garage on the lot in 1921, and they advertised the house as a rental property in 1925.

William Jefferson worked as a carpenter for Anton Goreczky at the Boise Sash and Door Factory. The Goreczky house also is listed on the NRHP.

Hyde Park, Boise, Idaho
Hyde Park, also called the Hyde Park Historic District, is a section of the North End neighborhood in Boise, Idaho known for its several popular eateries and locally owned specialty shops. Located on North 13th Street a few blocks north of Downtown Boise, the Hyde Park Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

During all months of the year, local merchants host neighborhood events and activities. The biggest event Hyde Park is known for is the Hyde Park Street Fair, an annual event located at the nearby Camel's Back Park that is organized by the North End Neighborhood Association and includes vendors, food, live music, demonstrations, a children's area, and a parade.