hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edge recombination operator
The edge recombination operator (ERO) is an operator that creates a path that is similar to a set of existing paths (parents) by looking at the edges rather than the vertices. The main application of this is for crossover in genetic algorithms when a genotype with non-repeating gene sequences is needed such as for the travelling salesman problem. It was described by Darrell Whitley and others in 1989.

Adjacency list
In graph theory and computer science, an adjacency list is a collection of unordered lists used to represent a finite graph. Each unordered list within an adjacency list describes the set of neighbors of a particular vertex in the graph. This is one of several commonly used representations of graphs for use in computer programs.
QCDOC
The QCDOC (quantum chromodynamics on a chip) is a supercomputer technology focusing on using relatively cheap low power processing elements to produce a massively parallel machine. The machine is custom-made to solve small but extremely demanding problems in the fields of quantum physics.

Floating point operations per second
Floating point operations per second (FLOPS, flops or flop/s) is a measure of computer performance in computing, useful in fields of scientific computations that require floating-point calculations.

For such cases, it is a more accurate measure than instructions per second.
Qanatabad, Ilam
Qanatabad (Persian: قنات اباد, also Romanized as Qanātābād) is a village in Karezan Rural District, Karezan District, Sirvan County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 432, in 93 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Karezan Rural District
Karezan Rural District (Persian: دهستان كارزان) is in Karezan District of Sirvan County, Ilam province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Karezan. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Cheshmeh Pahn, now a neighborhood in Karezan.
Deda, Mureș
Deda (Hungarian: Déda, Hungarian pronunciation: [deːdɒ]) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Bistra Mureșului (Dédabisztra), Deda, Filea (Füleháza) and Pietriș (Maroskövesd).

Târgu Mureș
Târgu Mureș (/ˌtɜːrɡuː ˈmʊərɛʃ, ˌtɪər-/, Romanian: [ˈtɨrɡu ˈmureʃ] ⓘ; Hungarian: Marosvásárhely [ˈmɒroʃvaːʃaːrhɛj] ⓘ; German: Neumarkt am Mieresch also known as simply Neumarkt) is the seat of Mureș County in the historical region of Transylvania, Romania. It is the 16th-largest city in Romania, with 116,033 inhabitants as of the 2021 census. It lies on the Mureș River, the second-longest river in Romania (after the Danube).
Caritas (Ponzi scheme)
Caritas was a Ponzi scheme in Romania that was active between April 1992 and August 1994. It attracted millions of depositors from all over the country, who invested more than a trillion old lei (between US$1 billion and $5 billion) before it finally went bankrupt on 14 August 1994, having a debt of US$450 million ($955 million in current terms).

Ponzi scheme
A Ponzi scheme (/ˈpɒnzi/, Italian: [ˈpontsi]) is a form of fraud that lures investors and pays profits to earlier investors with funds from more recent investors. Named after Italian con artist Charles Ponzi, this type of scheme misleads investors by either falsely suggesting that profits are derived from legitimate business activities (whereas the business activities are non-existent), or by exaggerating the extent and profitability of the legitimate business activities, using new investments to fabricate or supplement these profits. A Ponzi scheme can maintain the illusion of a sustainable business as long as investors continue to contribute new funds, and as long as most of the investors do not demand full repayment or lose faith in the non-existent assets they are purported to own.
Angelo Grillo
Dom Angelo Grillo OSB (1557 – October 1629) was an Italian early Baroque poet belonging to the noble Genoese family of the Spinola. He wrote mostly religious verse under his own name, but as Livio Celiano, his pseudonym, he wrote amorous madrigal texts.

Treccani
Institute Giovanni Treccani for the publication of the Italian Encyclopedia (Italian: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana - Treccani), also known as Treccani Institute or simply Treccani, is a cultural institution of national interest, active in the publishing field, founded by Giovanni Treccani and Giovanni Gentile in 1925. It is known for publishing the first edition and the subsequent ten supplements of the Italian Encyclopaedia of Science, Literature and Arts (Italian: Enciclopedia Italiana di scienze, lettere ed arti).
The Voice of Poland season 14
The fourteenth season of the Polish singing competition The Voice of Poland began airing on September 2, 2023, on TVP 2. It is airing on Saturdays at 20:00. Tomson and Baron, Justyna Steczkowska, Marek Piekarczyk and Lanberry returned to the show for their twelfth, sixth, seventh and second season, respectively, making it the first time in the history of the show when there is not any change in the coaching line-up.

Jan Górka won the season, marking Lanberry's first win as a coach.

The Voice of Poland
The Voice of Poland is a Polish reality talent show that premiered on September 3, 2011, on the TVP 2 television network. The Voice of Poland is part of the international syndication The Voice based on the reality singing competition launched in the Netherlands as The Voice of Holland, created by Dutch television producer John de Mol.
Ophidiophilia
Ophidiophilia is an attraction to snakes; it is the opposite of ophidiophobia (the fear of snakes). People with ophidiophilia are known as ophidiophiles. Ophidiophilia is a subcategory of zoophilia, the sexual attraction to animals in general. Ophidiophilia does not always appear as sexual attraction; some ophidiophiles are attracted to snakes on a platonic (non-sexual) level.

Ophidicism (an act associated with ophidiophilia) is a sexual act in which a person inserts the tail of a snake or eel in their vagina or anus, and receives pleasure as it wriggles to get free. It can be dangerous in that some reptiles carry salmonella. Ophidicism has been documented as being practiced (as well as many other sexual acts) in Ancient Greece. Variations include inserting the animal headfirst.

The snake is an ancient symbol of fertility and sexuality.

Zoophilia
Zoophilia is a paraphilia in which a person experiences a sexual fixation on non-human animals. Bestiality instead refers to cross-species sexual activity between humans and non-human animals. Due to the lack of research on the subject, it is difficult to conclude how prevalent bestiality is. Zoophilia was estimated in one study to be prevalent in 2% of the population in 2021.
Maskoskanaw River
Maskoskanaw River is a tributary of Frontenac Lake (Milieu River), flowing into the unorganized territory of Lac-Ashuapmushuan, Quebec, in the Regional County Municipality (MRC) of Le Domaine-du-Roy, in the administrative region of Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, in Quebec, in Canada.

The Maskoskanaw River flows successively into the townships of Huard and Buade. Forestry is the main economic activity of this valley; recreational tourism activities, second.

The forest road R0212 (East-West direction) cuts the middle of the course of the Milieu River (Normandin River). The route 451 linking La Tuque to Obedjiwan, Quebec passes south of Patterson Lake; several secondary road branches serving the surroundings of this head lake.

The surface of the Maskoskanaw River is usually frozen from early November to mid-May, however, safe ice movement is generally from mid-November to mid-April.

Le Domaine-du-Roy Regional County Municipality
Le Domaine-du-Roy (French pronunciation: [lə dɔmɛn dy ʁwa], lit. 'The King's Domain') is a regional county municipality in the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean region of Quebec, Canada. Its seat is in Roberval, and it is named for the King of France, who owned the land at the time of the colonization of Quebec.
Chaetopteridae
The Chaetopteridae are a family of marine filter-feeding polychaete worms that live in vertical or U-shaped tubes in tunnels buried in the sedimentary or hard substrate of marine environments.  The worms are highly adapted to the hard tube they secrete.  Inside the tube the animal is segmented and regionally specialized, with highly modified appendages on different segments for cutting the tunnel, feeding, or creating suction for the flow of water through the tube home. The modified segments for feeding are on the 12th segment from the head for members of this family.

Chaetopterus
Chaetopterus or the parchment worm or parchment tube worm is a genus of marine polychaete worm that lives in a tube it constructs in sediments or attaches to a rocky or coral reef substrate. The common name arises from the parchment-like appearance of the tubes that house these worms. Parchment tube worms are filter feeders and spend their adult lives in their tubes, unless the tube is damaged or destroyed. They are planktonic in their juvenile forms, as is typical for polychaete annelids. Species include the recently discovered deep water Chaetopterus pugaporcinus and the well-studied Chaetopterus variopedatus.
Procession of the Bom Jesus dos Passos in Macau
The Procession of the Bom Jesus dos Passos in Macau (also known as the Procession of the Great Jesus in Chinese or the Procissão em Honra do Senhor Bom Jesus dos Passos in Portuguese) is  the most famous Catholic procession in honor of Jesus Christ organized in Macau about forty days before Easter. The main purpose of the devotion is for the Catholic Church to remind its members and believers at the beginning of Lent  to remember the Passion of Christ and prepare them for the celebrations of the Holy Week.

The two-day procession of the Senhor Bom Jesus dos Passos (The Good Lord Jesus of the Steps) is part of a more extensive novena in honor of Our Lord in His Agony.

It is similar to other Processions of the Bom Jesus dos Passos, such as in Florianópolis in Brazil or the Procession of Our Lord of the Passion of Graça in Portugal, which has been celebrated since 1587.

Passion of Jesus
The Passion (from Latin patior, "to suffer, bear, endure") is the short final period before the death of Jesus, described in the four canonical gospels. It is commemorated in Christianity every year during Holy Week.

The Passion may include, among other events, Jesus's triumphal entry into Jerusalem, his cleansing of the Temple, his anointing, the Last Supper, his agony, his arrest, his trial before the Sanhedrin and his trial before Pontius Pilate, his crucifixion and death, and his burial. Those parts of the four canonical Gospels that describe these events are known as the Passion narratives. In some Christian communities, commemoration of the Passion also includes remembrance of the sorrow of Mary, the mother of Jesus, on the Friday of Sorrows.

The word passion has taken on a more general application and now may also apply to accounts of the suffering and death of Christian martyrs, sometimes using the Latin form passio.
Local multipoint distribution service
Local multipoint distribution service (LMDS) is a broadband wireless access technology originally designed for digital television transmission (DTV). It was conceived as a fixed wireless, point-to-multipoint technology for utilization in the last mile.
LMDS commonly operates on microwave frequencies across the 26 GHz and 29 GHz bands. In the United States, frequencies from 31.0 through 31.3 GHz are also considered LMDS frequencies.

Throughput capacity and reliable distance of the link depends on common radio link constraints and the modulation method used –  either phase-shift keying or amplitude modulation. Distance is typically limited to about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) due to rain fade attenuation constraints. Deployment links of up to 5 miles (8.0 km) from the base station are possible in some circumstances such as in point-to-point systems that can reach slightly farther distances due to increased antenna gain.

Point-to-point (telecommunications)
In telecommunications, a point-to-point connection is a communications connection between two communication endpoints or nodes. An example is a telephone call, in which one telephone is connected with one other, and what is said by one caller can only be heard by the other. This is contrasted with a point-to-multipoint or  broadcast connection, in which many nodes can receive information transmitted by one node. Other examples of point-to-point communications links are leased lines and microwave radio relay.

The term is also used in computer networking and computer architecture to refer to a wire or other connection that links only two computers or circuits, as opposed to other network topologies such as buses or crossbar switches which can connect many communications devices.

Point-to-point is sometimes abbreviated as P2P. This usage of P2P is distinct from P2P meaning peer-to-peer in the context of file sharing networks or other data-sharing protocols between peers.
Culoe De Song
Culolethu Zulu (born 20 August 1990 in Eshowe, Kwazulu Natal), known commonly by his stage name Culoe De Song, is a South African record producer, DJ and sangoma. His first name, "Culolethu", is an IsiZulu name meaning "our song", and he is known as "Culo" or "Culoe" meaning "song"; the name is pronounced with a clicking "C", not to be erroneously pronounced like the Spanish word "culo", which rhymes with "cool". He released his first album, A Giant Leap, in 2009. In 2011, he released his album Elevation with the help of Kindnes Khupe, a Zimbabwean-born tribal mix DJ. Later, he released Exodus (2013).
Culoe De Song recently won The Best Male Artist for the 2014 Metro FM Awards for his album Exodus, an album that was featured on Rolling Stone's (South Africa) Top 500 Albums of 2013. He also participated in the 2008 Red Bull Music Academy in Barcelona, Spain.

Goldfish (band)
GoldFish is an electronic duo originating from Cape Town, South Africa, now residing in San Diego, California consisting of Dominic Peters and David Poole. They create dance music containing elements of house, pop, jazz and African music. The band has released a number of albums, including their latest If Summer Was A Sound (available on Vinyl) and previous albums: Late Night People, Three Second Memory, Perceptions of Pacha, Get Busy Living. and their Debut album Caught in the Loop (available on Vinyl). They were named "Best Pop" at the MTV Africa Music Awards 2014. Their 6th album If Summer Was A Sound is out on 29 September 2023.
Villa Farnesina
The Villa Farnesina is a Renaissance suburban villa in the Via della Lungara, in the district of Trastevere in Rome, central Italy.  Built between 1506 and 1510 for Agostino Chigi, the Pope's wealthy Sienese banker, it was a novel type of suburban villa, subsidiary to his main Palazzo Chigi in the city. It is especially famous for the rich frescos by Raphael and other High Renaissance artists that remain in situ.

Now owned by the Italian state, the principal rooms can be visited.

Chigi Palace
The Chigi Palace (Italian: Palazzo Chigi [paˈlattso ˈkiːdʒi]) is a palace and former noble residence in Rome which is the seat of the Council of Ministers and the official residence of the prime minister of Italy. It is located in the Piazza Colonna, next to Palazzo Montecitorio, seat of the Chamber of Deputies.

Since 22 October 2022, the tenant of the Chigi Palace has been Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni.
1940 United States presidential election in Kansas
The 1940 United States presidential election in Kansas took place on November 5, 1940, as part of the 1940 United States presidential election. Voters chose nine representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Kansas was won by Wendell Willkie (R–New York), running with Minority Leader Charles L. McNary, with 56.86 percent of the popular vote, against incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt (D–New York), running with Secretary Henry A. Wallace, with 42.40 percent of the popular vote. This was the first time since 1896 that Kansas voted for a losing candidate, and the first time since 1884 that the state backed a losing Republican in a presidential election.

With 56.86 percent of the popular vote, Kansas would prove to be Willkie's third strongest state in the 1940 election in terms of popular vote percentage after South Dakota and neighboring Nebraska.

1940 United States presidential election in South Dakota
The 1940 United States presidential election in South Dakota took place on November 5, 1940, as part of the 1940 United States presidential election. Voters chose four representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

South Dakota was won by Wendell Willkie (R–New York), running with Minority Leader Charles L. McNary, with 57.41% of the popular vote, against incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt (D–New York), running with Secretary Henry A. Wallace, with 42.59% of the popular vote.

South Dakota would prove to be Willkie's largest win of any state, as he carried the state by 14.82 percentage points, despite Roosevelt carrying it by 12 percentage points four years prior. Additionally, with 57.41% of the popular vote, South Dakota was Willkie's strongest state in the 1940 election in terms of popular vote percentage.
Austroblechnum patersonii
Austroblechnum patersonii, synonym Blechnum patersonii, is a fern in the family Blechnaceae. It is known as the strap water-fern.

It is native to eastern Australia (Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania), Lord Howe Island, New Zealand and the Society Islands (Tahiti).

Blechnaceae
Blechnaceae is a family of ferns in the order Polypodiales, with a cosmopolitan distribution. Its status as a family and the number of genera included have both varied considerably. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family has 24 genera, and excludes genera placed in the separate family Onocleaceae. The family is divided into three subfamilies, including Blechnoideae s.s. Alternatively, the entire family may be treated as the subfamily Blechnoideae s.l. of a very broadly defined family Aspleniaceae, and include genera others place in Onocleaceae.
Bank Windhoek
Bank Windhoek Limited (Bank Windhoek) is a commercial bank in Namibia, which is licensed by the Bank of Namibia (BoN) to operate in the country. It provides financial services to its clients, which include personal, commercial and Small and Medium-sized Enterprise (SME) banking and accounts.

Bank Windhoek also offers foreign exchange services throughout its branches and through a joint venture with American Express, which has various outlets in Namibia. While being an autonomous Namibian company, the bank also provides international banking services through direct liaison with financial centres and institutions worldwide.

Bank of Namibia
The Bank of Namibia (BoN) is the central bank of Namibia, whose establishment is enshrined in Article 128 of the Namibian Constitution. It is located in the capital city of Windhoek. The Bank of Namibia was established in 1990 by the Bank of Namibia Act, 1990 (Act 8 of 1990). The Bank of Namibia is the only institution that is permitted to issue the Namibian dollar by authority that has been given to it under an Act of the Namibian Parliament. The head of the Bank of Namibia is the Governor of the Bank of Namibia.
Haisla Nation
The Haisla Nation is the Indian Act-mandated band government which represents the Haisla people in the North Coast region of the Canadian province of British Columbia, centred on the reserve community of Kitamaat Village. The traditional territory of the Haisla people is situated along the Douglas Channel Region of Kitimat on British Columbia’s north coast, and includes the Kitlope Valley which is rich in natural resources, especially salmon.

Snotty Nose Rez Kids
Snotty Nose Rez Kids, sometimes referred to as SNRK, are a First Nations hip hop duo composed of Haisla rappers Darren "Young D" Metz and Quinton "Yung Trybez" Nyce. They are originally from Kitamaat Village, British Columbia. Their 2017 album The Average Savage was shortlisted for the 2018 Polaris Music Prize, and for the Juno Award for Indigenous Music Album of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2019. In 2018, the duo received nominations for Best Hip Hop Album at the Indigenous Music Awards, and for Indigenous Artist of the Year at the Western Canadian Music Awards. Ever since their second release, The Average Savage, all of their albums have been long- or shortlisted for the Polaris Music Prize.
Cumulonimbus capillatus
A cumulonimbus capillatus is a cumulonimbus cloud with dense cirrus clouds above it, making the cloud top appear to contain hair-like structures. The name comes from the Latin word capillatus, meaning "with hair".

It is an intermediate stage between cumulonimbus calvus and cumulonimbus incus.

Cloud top
The cloud top (or the top of the cloud) is the highest altitude of the visible portion of a cloud. It is traditionally expressed either in metres above the Earth (or planetary) surface, or as the corresponding pressure level in hectopascal (hPa, equivalent to the traditional but now obsolete millibar).
Tennis court
A tennis court is the venue where the sport of tennis is played. It is a firm rectangular surface with a low net stretched across the centre. The same surface can be used to play both doubles and singles matches. A variety of surfaces can be used to create a tennis court, each with its own characteristics which affect the playing style of the game.

GreenSet
GreenSet is a supplier of acrylic hardcourt surfaces used in many professional tennis events run by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) and on the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) and Women's Tennis Association (WTA) tours. It is made of layers of acrylic resin and silica on top of an asphalt or concrete base, for permanent facilities, or on top of a wooden platform, for venues with occasional use. The company is based in Barcelona, Spain.
Howard Masterman
John Howard Bertram Masterman (1867–1933) was the first Anglican Bishop of Plymouth from 1923 to 1933.

In authorship he is known as J. H. B. Masterman. His works ranged from religion to political and in the First World War he was asked to write two of the tracts distributed to troops to assure them that they were doing God's will.

Bishop of Plymouth (Anglican)
Christianity portal

The Anglican Bishop of Plymouth is an episcopal title used by a suffragan bishop of the Church of England Diocese of Exeter, in the Province of Canterbury, England. The title takes its name after the city of Plymouth in Devon; the See was erected under the Suffragans Nomination Act 1888 by Order in Council dated 21 November 1922. The suffragan bishop has particular episcopal oversight of the archdeaconries of Plymouth and of Totnes.

The current bishop, since September 2022, is James Grier.
Wajinden
The Wajinden (倭人伝; "Treatise on the Wa People") are passages in the 30th fascicle of the Chinese history chronicle Records of the Three Kingdoms that talk about the Wa people, who would later be known as the Japanese people. It describes the mores, geography, and other aspects of the Wa, the people and inhabitants of the Japanese archipelago at the time. The Records of the Three Kingdoms was written by Chen Shou of the Western Jin dynasty at the end of the 3rd century (between the demise of Wu in 280 and 297, the year of Chen Shou's death).

Yamatai
Yamatai or Yamatai-koku (邪馬台国) (c. 1st century – c. 3rd century) is the Sino-Japanese name of an ancient country in Wa (Japan) during the late Yayoi period (c. 1,000 BCE – c. 300 CE). The Chinese text Records of the Three Kingdoms first recorded the name as /*ja-maB-də̂/ (邪馬臺) or /*ja-maB-ʔit/ (邪馬壹) (using reconstructed Eastern Han Chinese pronunciations) followed by the character 國 for "country", describing the place as the domain of Priest-Queen Himiko (卑弥呼) (died c. 248 CE). Generations of Japanese historians, linguists, and archeologists have debated where Yamatai was located and whether it was related to the later Yamato (大和国).