hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
British Rail Class 05
The British Rail Class 05 is a class of 0-6-0 diesel-mechanical shunters built by Hunslet Engine Company from 1955 to 1961. They were used on the Eastern and Scottish Regions of British Railways. The first two batches were delivered as 11136-11143 (later renumbered D2550-D2557) and 11161-11176 (later renumbered D2558-D2573). Subsequent locomotives were delivered, new, as D2574-D2618.

The British Rail Class D2/5 built by Andrew Barclay Sons & Co. were reported in several sources as having received the TOPS class number 05, though this was in error, and they are not listed as such in the latest works by Marsden, 2011.

Isle of Wight Steam Railway
The Isle of Wight Steam Railway is a heritage railway on the Isle of Wight. The railway passes through 5+1⁄2 miles (9 km) of countryside from Smallbrook Junction to Wootton station, passing through the small village of Havenstreet, where the line has a station, headquarters and a depot. At Smallbrook Junction, the steam railway connects with the Island Line.
Bob McDonnell 2009 gubernatorial campaign
Former Attorney General of Virginia Bob McDonnell was the Republican nominee for the 2009 gubernatorial race in the U.S. Commonwealth of Virginia. At the Virginia State Convention on May 30, 2009, he officially received the party's nomination, as Republican Lieutenant Governor Bill Bolling decided against opposing him. His opponent in the general election was State Senator Creigh Deeds, a Democrat from Bath County. Although the race was close in September, McDonnell began take a commanding leads in the poll heading into election day, when he defeated his opponent by a margin of 18 points. He was inaugurated on January 16, 2010, at the Virginia State Capitol.

Lieutenant Governor of Virginia
The lieutenant governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia is a constitutional officer of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The lieutenant governor is elected every four years along with the governor and attorney general.

The office is currently held by Ghazala Hashmi, who was elected in 2025 and is the second woman and fourth person of color to hold this position. The governor and lieutenant governor are elected separately and thus may be of different political parties. The lieutenant governor serves as the president of the Senate of Virginia and is first in the line of succession to the governorship; if the governor dies, resigns, or otherwise leaves office, the lieutenant governor becomes governor. In Virginia, the governor is not permitted to serve consecutive terms, but the lieutenant governor may do so, and has no term limit.
Louis IV de Bueil, Comte de Sancerre
Louis IV de Bueil, Comte de Sancerre (died c. 1565) was the Count of Sancerre from 1537 until his death. In 1540 he was appointed cup-bearer to Francis I of France; he was also Knight of the Order of King, governor of Anjou, Touraine and Maine. He commanded the French defenders during the Siege of St. Dizier (1544). He fought at the battles of Marignano, Pavia,  and Saint-Quentin.

Cup-bearer
A cup-bearer was historically an officer of high rank in royal courts, whose duty was to pour and serve the drinks at the royal table. On account of the constant fear of plots and intrigues (such as poisoning), a person had to be regarded as thoroughly trustworthy to hold the position. He would guard against poison in the king's cup, and was sometimes required to swallow some of the drink before serving it.  His confidential relations with the king often gave him a position of great influence.

The cup-bearer as an honorific role, for example as the Egyptian hieroglyph for "cup-bearer", was used as late as 196 BC in the Rosetta Stone for the Kanephoros cup-bearer Areia, daughter of Diogenes; each Ptolemaic Decree starting with the Decree of Canopus honored a cup-bearer. A much older role was the appointment of Sargon of Akkad as cup-bearer in the 23rd century BC.
The "5" Royales
The "5" Royales was an American rhythm and blues (R&B) vocal group from Winston-Salem, North Carolina that combined gospel, jump blues and doo-wop, marking an early and influential step in the evolution of rock and roll. Most of their big R&B hits were recorded in 1952 and 1953 and written by the guitarist Lowman "Pete" Pauling.

Cover versions of the band's songs hit the Top 40, including "Dedicated to the One I Love" (the Shirelles and  the Mamas & the Papas), "Tell the Truth" (Ray Charles and Ike & Tina Turner), and "Think" (James Brown & The Famous Flames). Brown modeled his first vocal group after the "5" Royales, and both Eric Clapton and Stax guitarist Steve Cropper cited Pauling as a key influence. The Rolling Stones singer Mick Jagger covered "Think" on his 1993 solo album Wandering Spirit.

The "5" Royales were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2015.

Wandering Spirit (album)
Wandering Spirit is the third solo album by Mick Jagger, released in 1993. It became his only solo album released in the 1990s, and was co-produced by Jagger with Rick Rubin. The album was commercially successful, reaching No. 12 in the UK and No. 11 in the US, getting a gold certification from the RIAA.
Deaths in July 2022
The following is a list of notable deaths in July 2022.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Basketball at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Basketball contests at the 1972 Summer Olympics was the eighth appearance of the sport of basketball as an official Olympic medal event. It took place at Rudi-Sedlmayer-Halle in Munich, Germany from August 27 to September 9. The Soviet Union controversially won the gold medal game against the United States. This was the first time that the United States did not win a gold medal since the sport's introduction into the Olympics at the 1936 Berlin Summer Games. The bronze was won by Cuba, the only Olympic medal they have won in basketball. Another controversy was suspension of Mickey Coll after a positive drug test.
Ramanujan tau function
The Ramanujan tau function, studied by Ramanujan (1916), is the function 
 defined by the following identity:

where  with ,  is the Euler function,  is the Dedekind eta function, and the function  is a holomorphic cusp form of weight 12 and level 1, known as the discriminant modular form (some authors, notably Apostol, write  instead of ). It appears in connection to an "error term" involved in counting the number of ways of expressing an integer as a sum of 24 squares. A formula due to Ian G. Macdonald was given in Dyson (1972).

On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences
The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences (OEIS) is an online database of integer sequences. It was created and maintained by Neil Sloane while researching at AT&T Labs. He transferred the intellectual property and hosting of the OEIS to the OEIS Foundation in 2009, and is its chairman.

OEIS records information on integer sequences of interest to both professional and amateur mathematicians, and is widely cited. As of November 2025, it contains over 390,000 sequences, and is growing by approximately 30 entries per day.

Each entry contains the leading terms of the sequence, keywords, mathematical motivations, literature links, and more, including the option to generate a graph or play a musical representation of the sequence. The database is searchable by keyword, by subsequence, or by any of 16 fields. There is also an advanced search function called SuperSeeker which runs a large number of different algorithms to identify sequences related to the input.
Coins of the South African pound
The coins of the South African pound were part of the physical form of South Africa's historical currency, the South African pound. Prior to the Union of 1910, various authorities issued their own pounds, some as independent entities. After the Union but before 1923, coins in circulation were mostly British, but the coins of Paul Kruger's South African Republic remained in circulation. In 1923, South Africa began to issue its own coins, adopting coins that were identical in size and value to those used in Great Britain:  12 pence (12d) = 1 shilling (1s), and 20s = 1 pound (£1). On 14 February 1961, the Union of South Africa adopted a decimal currency, replacing the pound with the Rand.

The term "Tickey" was used as a nickname for the 3d coin. It was also used for its replacement, the 21⁄2c coin.

South African rand
The South African rand, or simply the rand, (sign: R; code: ZAR) is the official currency of South Africa. It is subdivided into 100 cents (sign: "c"), and a comma separates the rand and cents.

The South African rand is legal tender in the Common Monetary Area member states of Namibia, Lesotho, and Eswatini, with these three countries also having national currencies (the dollar, the loti, and the lilangeni respectively) pegged with the rand at parity and still widely accepted as substitutes. The rand was also legal tender in Botswana until 1976, when the pula replaced the rand at par.

The rand is legal tender in Zimbabwe as part of its multiple currency system, which also includes other currencies such as the euro, the pound sterling, the US dollar, and the Zimbabwean ZiG.
Land Where I Flee
Land Where I Flee is a novel by a Nepali speaking Indian writer Prajwal Parajuly. It was published on November 14, 2013, by Quercus. It is the first novel and the second book of the author who had previously published a collection of short stories titled The Gurkha's Daughter which was shortlisted for Dylan Thomas Prize.

Quercus (publisher)
Quercus is a formerly independent publishing house, based in London, that was acquired by Hodder & Stoughton in 2014. It was founded in 2004 by Mark Smith and Wayne Davies.

Quercus is known for its lists in crime (publishing such authors as Elly Griffiths, Philip Kerr, Peter May, Peter Temple), its MacLehose Press imprint (formerly headed by Christopher MacLehose), which publishes translated (often prize-winning) works by authors such as Philippe Claudel, Stieg Larsson, and Valerio Varesi, its literary fiction titles (including by Kimberley Freeman, Prajwal Parajuly) and its Jo Fletcher Books imprint, which publishes science fiction, fantasy and horror.

In 2023, Jo Fletcher Books was renamed to Arcadia.
Cobitis arachthosensis
Cobitis arachthosensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the true loach family (Cobitidae). It is endemic to Greece.

It belongs to the subgenus Bicanestrinia, together with C. hellenica, C. meridionalis, and C. trichonica. According to cladistic analysis of DNA sequence data (nDNA RAG-1 and S7 ribosomal protein intron 1, and mtDNA cytochrome b), the first of these is an extremely close relative and the present species might arguably be included in it. C. hellenica occurs in the Louros and Thiamis River basins, parapatric to the range of C. arachthosensis.

Its natural habitats is the Arachthos River basin. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Recombination-activating gene
The recombination-activating genes (RAGs) encode parts of a protein complex that plays important roles in the rearrangement and recombination of the genes encoding immunoglobulin and T cell receptor molecules. There are two recombination-activating genes RAG1 and RAG2, whose cellular expression is restricted to lymphocytes during their developmental stages. The enzymes encoded by these genes, RAG-1 and RAG-2, are essential to the generation of mature B cells and T cells, two types of lymphocyte that are crucial components of the adaptive immune system.
Cairns War Memorial
Cairns War Memorial is a heritage-listed memorial at The Esplanade, Cairns City, Cairns, Cairns Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1925. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Memorial
A memorial is an object or place which serves as a focus for the memory or the commemoration of something, usually an influential, deceased person or a historical, tragic event. Popular forms of memorials include landmark objects such as homes or other sites, or works of art such as sculptures, statues, fountains or parks. Larger memorials may be known as monuments.
Francis Gymnasium
Francis Gymnasium is a building at Washington University in St. Louis, currently used by the university's athletics department. Built in 1903, it is located in St. Louis County, Missouri, on the far western edge of the university's Danforth Campus. It is part of the Washington University Hilltop Campus Historic District.

Completed in time for 1904's Louisiana Purchase Exposition, the gymnasium was used as the main indoor venue for the 1904 Summer Olympics, hosting the boxing and fencing events.

After the Olympics, the building was turned over to the Washington University Athletics Department. In the early 1920s, a field house and a swimming pool were built next to Francis Gym. In 1985, a major renovation connected Francis Gym and the renovated field house with additional facilities and recreation space, and replaced the pool with the Millstone Pool. Built in 1985, the Millstone pool is an 8-lane pool with an adjustable bulkhead making it from 25 yards to 25 meters in length.

1904 Summer Olympics
The 1904 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the III Olympiad and also known as St. Louis 1904) were an international multi-sport event held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from 1 July to 23 November 1904. Many events were conducted at what is now known as Francis Field on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. This was the first time that the Olympic Games were held outside Europe.

Tensions caused by the Russo–Japanese War and difficulties in traveling to St. Louis resulted in very few top-class athletes from outside the United States and Canada taking part in the 1904 Games. Only 69–74 of the 651 athletes who competed came from outside North America, and only between 12 and 15 nations were represented in all. Some events subsequently combined the U.S. national championship with the Olympic championship. The current three-medal format of gold, silver and bronze for first, second and third place was introduced at the 1904 Olympics.
Nandigrama
Nandigrama is the name of a location, place or region somewhere in Western India where a school of astronomers and mathematicians flourished during the thirteenth-eighteenth centuries CE. David Pingree,  one of America's leading historians of the exact sciences (primarily mathematics) in antiquity, identified Nandigrama with Nandod  in Gujarat. However, modern scholarship has identified Nandigrama as the Nandgaon village in the Raigad district in Maharashtra State. It lies about 64 km south of Mumbai on the Konkan coast.

David Pingree
David Edwin Pingree (January 2, 1933 – November 11, 2005) was an American historian of mathematics in the ancient world. He was a University Professor and Professor of History of Mathematics and Classics at Brown University.
Masareal
Masareal or masa real is a Filipino delicacy made from a mixture of finely-ground boiled peanuts and sugar. It is dried and cut into rectangular bars. It is traditionally sold wrapped in white paper. It originates from Mandaue, Cebu. The known makers of masareal in Mandaue are the Mana Acion's, Didangs and Ponsas brand. The name is Spanish and literally translates to "royal dough".

Masa
Masa or masa de maíz (English: /ˈmɑːsə/; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmasa]) is a dough made from ground nixtamalized corn. It is used for making corn tortillas, gorditas, tamales, pupusas, and many other Latin American dishes.

It is dried and powdered into a flour form called harina de maíz or masa harina. Masa is reconstituted by mixing  with water before using it in cooking. In Spanish, masa harina translates simply to 'dough flour', and can refer to many other types of dough.
Ike Lassiter
Isaac "Ike" Thomas Lassiter (November 15, 1940 – February 15, 2015) was an American football defensive end who played in the American Football League (AFL) for the Denver Broncos and the Oakland Raiders, where he was an AFL All-Star in 1966 and second-team All-AFL twice. His unofficial 17 quarterback sacks in 1967 is the AFL record for sacks by a player in a single season. He then played in the National Football League (NFL) with the Boston / New England Patriots for two seasons. He finally played in the World Football League (WFL) with the Jacksonville Sharks for one year.

American Football League All-Star game
The American Football League All-Star game was the annual game which featured each year's best performers in the American Football League (AFL). The game was first played in 1961 and the final AFL All-Star game occurred in 1969, prior to the league's merger with the National Football League (NFL).
Li Yinan
Li Yinan (Chinese: 李毅男; born 25 February 1979) is a Chinese football coach and former player.

As a player he was a centre-back and graduated from the Shenyang Sealion youth team where he spent six seasons with them before joining Shanghai Shenhua. He would also represent Wuhan Optics Valley, Shanghai Zobon, Chongqing Lifan, Liaoning Whowin and Hohhot Dongjin throughout his career.

Shenyang Dongjin F.C.
Shenyang Dongjin Football Club (simplified Chinese: 沈阳东进; traditional Chinese: 瀋陽東進; pinyin: Shěnyáng Dōngjìn) was a Chinese football club based in Shenyang, Liaoning and their home stadium is the Shenyang Urban Construction University Stadium that has a seating capacity of 12,000.
Bara Paika
Bara Paika is a village in Agailjhara Upazila of Barisal District in the Barisal Division of southern-central Bangladesh.

According to the 2022 Census of Bangladesh, Bara Paika had 1,804 households and a population of 7,160. It has a total area of 7.85 km2 (3.03 sq mi).

Barisal District
Barisal District, officially Barishal District (Bengali: বরিশাল জেলা) is a district in south-central Bangladesh, it was formerly called Bakerganj district, and established in 1797. Its headquarters is in Barisal city, which is also the headquarters of Barisal Division.
1st New Mexico Volunteer Infantry, Reorganized
1st New Mexico Volunteer Infantry, Reorganized was a New Mexico Territory Volunteer Regiment of the Union Army.

The 1st New Mexico Volunteer Infantry, Reorganized was organized on October 1, 1863, under the command of U. S. Army Major, Henry Raymond Selden, promoted colonel of New Mexico Volunteers.  Colonel Selden, died at Fort Union, aged 44, on February 2, 1865.  He was succeeded by Lieutenant Colonel Francisco P. Abreu on February 4, 1865, who was subsequently promoted Colonel of the regiment before February 28, 1865.

The regiment was attached to the Department of New Mexico and on garrison duty by detachments at Fort Union, Fort Selden, Fort Craig, Fort Bowie, Fort Cummings, Fort McRae, Fort Goodwin and other points in that department during its entire term of service.  Company “K” garrisoned Fort Lyon, Colorado, from September, 1864, to February, 1865.

Fort McRae
Fort McRae was a Union Army post, established in 1863, then a U.S. Army post from 1866 and closed in 1876, in what is now Sierra County, New Mexico. The post was named for Alexander McRae (1829–1862) a slain hero of the 1862 Battle of Valverde.

The site of Fort McRae is located on the east bank of the Elephant Butte Reservoir in the general area of Elephant Butte, New Mexico within McRae Canyon. A 21.6 acres (8.7 ha) area at the site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005. In National Park Service sources its precise location was Address restricted.
Alfred Woltmann
Alfred Woltmann (18 May 1841 – 6 February 1880) was a German art historian.  He was born at Charlottenburg, studied at Berlin and Munich, and was appointed professor of art history successively at the Karlsruhe Polytechnicum (1868) and at the universities of Prague (1874) and Strasbourg (1878).  Conjointly with the author he adapted the fifth volume of Schnaase's Geschichte der bildenden Künste for the second edition (1872), and with Karl Woermann began a Geschichte der Malerei (1878), completed after his death by his collaborator.  Besides his principal work, Holbein und seine Zeit (second edition, 1873–76), he wrote:

Die deutsche Kunst und Die Reformation (second edition, 1871)

Die Baugeschichte Berlins (1872)

Geschichte der deutschen Kunst in Elsass (1876)

Die deutsche  Kunst in Prag (1877)

Aus vier Jahrhunderten niederländischdeutscher Kunstgeschichte (1878)

Charlottenburg
Charlottenburg (German: [ʃaʁˈlɔtn̩bʊʁk] ⓘ) is a locality of Berlin within the borough of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. Established as a town in 1705 and named after Sophia Charlotte of Hanover, Queen consort of Prussia, it is best known for Charlottenburg Palace – the largest surviving such royal palace in Berlin – and the adjacent museums.

Charlottenburg was an independent city to the west of Berlin until 1920 when it was incorporated into "Groß-Berlin" (Greater Berlin) and transformed into a borough. In the course of Berlin's 2001 administrative reform it was merged with the former borough of Wilmersdorf becoming a part of a new borough called Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. Later, in 2004, the new borough's districts were rearranged, dividing the former borough of Charlottenburg into the localities of Charlottenburg proper, Westend and Charlottenburg-Nord.
Peggy Farrell (costume designer)
Peggy Farrell (June 2, 1932 – August 29, 2021) was an American costume designer. She was a winner of two Primetime Emmy Awards.

Born in New York, Farrell began her career in 1971, when she designed costumes for the film Taking Off.  Her other credits include Dog Day Afternoon, Gloria, Next Stop, Greenwich Village, Desperate Characters, They All Laughed, The Stepford Wives, The Hot Rock and The Front. Farrell retired in 2006, and later sold her collection of costumes. In 2018, she won a Lela Thompson Award for Enduring Contribution.

Farrell died in August 2021, at the age of 89.

Gloria (1980 film)
Gloria is a 1980 American neo-noir crime thriller film written and directed by John Cassavetes. It tells the story of Gloria Swenson, gangster Tony Tanzini's former girlfriend who goes on the run with Phil Dawn, a young boy who is being hunted by the mob for information he may or may not have. It stars Gena Rowlands, Julie Carmen, Buck Henry and John Adames.

The film had its world premiere at the 37th Venice International Film Festival, winning the Golden Lion, the festival's top prize, in a tie with Atlantic City by Louis Malle.
Usolye, Usolsky District, Perm Krai
Usolye (Russian: Усо́лье) is a town and the administrative center of Usolsky District in Perm Krai, Russia, located on the right bank of the Kama River, opposite of the city of Berezniki and 190 kilometers (120 mi) north of Perm, the administrative center of the krai. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 5,694.

Krai
A krai or kray is one of the types of federal subjects of modern Russia, and was a type of geographical administrative division in the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR.

Etymologically, the word is related to the verb кроить (kroítǐ [krɐˈitʲ]), meaning 'to cut'. Historically, krais were vast territories located along the periphery of the Russian state, since the word krai also means 'border' or 'edge', i.e., 'a place of the cut-off'. In English the term is often translated as 'territory'. As of 2015, the administrative usage of the term is mostly traditional, as some oblasts also fit this description and there is no difference in constitutional legal status in Russia between the krais and the oblasts.