hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marloes Maathuis
Marloes Henriette Maathuis (born 1978) is a Dutch statistician known for her work on causal inference using graphical models, particularly in high-dimensional data from applications in biology and epidemiology. She is a professor of statistics at ETH Zurich in Switzerland.

Graphical model
A graphical model or probabilistic graphical model (PGM) or structured probabilistic model is a probabilistic model for which a graph expresses the conditional dependence structure between random variables. Graphical models are commonly used in probability theory, statistics—particularly Bayesian statistics—and machine learning.
Tefilat HaDerech
Tefilat HaDerech (Hebrew: תפילת הדרך) or the Traveler's Prayer or Wayfarer's Prayer in English, is a prayer for a safe journey recited by Jews, when they travel, by air, sea, and even on long car trips.  It is recited at the onset of every journey, and preferably done standing but this is not necessary.  It is often inscribed onto hamsas which sometimes contain the Sh'ma or Birkat HaBayit prayer instead.

Hamsa
The hamsa (Arabic خمسة khamsa), also romanized khamsa, and known as the hand of Fatima, is a palm-shaped amulet popular throughout North Africa and in the Middle East and commonly used in jewellery and wall hangings. Depicting the open hand, an image recognized and used as a sign of protection in many times throughout history, the hamsa is believed to provide defense against the evil eye.
The White Horse Inn (play)
The White Horse Inn (or White Horse Inn) (German title: Im weißen Rößl) is a play by Oscar Blumenthal and Gustav Kadelburg. Set in the Salzkammergut region of Upper Austria, the farce humorously juxtaposes the lives and attitudes of urban tourists vacationing in the Northern Limestone Alps and the local inhabitants who reside near the White Horse Inn where the vacationers are staying. The work was popular both in Europe and in theaters serving the German-American community in the United States in the early 20th century.

The White Horse Inn premiered in Berlin in 1897. Sydney Rosenfeld translated the work into English. His version of the play, titled At the White Horse Inn, was staged on Broadway at Wallack's Theatre in 1899. The New York cast including Amelia Bingham and Leo Ditrichstein. The play was the basis for Ralph Benatzky and Robert Stolz's 1930 operetta The White Horse Inn.

The White Horse Inn (operetta)
The White Horse Inn (or White Horse Inn) (German title: Im weißen Rößl) is an operetta or musical comedy by Ralph Benatzky and Robert Stolz in collaboration with a number of other composers and writers, set in the picturesque Salzkammergut region of Upper Austria. It is about the head waiter of the White Horse Inn in St. Wolfgang who is desperately in love with the owner of the inn, a resolute young woman who at first only has eyes for one of her regular guests.

Sometimes classified as an operetta, the show enjoyed huge successes in London's West End (651 performances at the Coliseum starting 8 April 1931) and as a Broadway version; it was filmed several times. Like The Sound of Music and the three Sissi movies, the operetta and its several film adaptations have contributed to the popular image of Austria as an Alpine idyll for tourists. Today, Im weißen Rößl is mainly remembered for its songs, many of which have become popular classics.
Samir Putatundu
Samir Putatundu (9 August 1952 – 11 January 2026) was an Indian CPI(M) politician from the state of West Bengal. He was the General Secretary of Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS).

Putatundu contested the Jadavpur assembly constituency in the 2011 West Bengal assembly election, running against the incumbent Chief Minister Buddhadev Bhattacharya. Putatundu got 342 votes (0.17%).

Putatundu died after a long illness on 11 January 2026, at the age of 73.

Jadavpur Assembly constituency
Jadavpur Assembly constituency is a Legislative Assembly constituency in the Indian state of West Bengal which lies mostly in Kolkata district, while a fraction of it is in South 24 Parganas district (Kolkata Municipal Corporation Area).

The constituency is considered to be a bastion of Communist Party of India (Marxist), but the party lost it in 2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election. As the electoral constituency of former Chief minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, it is one of the most prestigious seat in the state.
Eopteranodon
Eopteranodon (meaning "dawn Pteranodon (toothless wing)") is a genus of tapejarid pterosaur from the Aptian-age Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Beipiao City, Liaoning, China. The genus was named in 2005 by paleontologists Lü Junchang and Zhang Xingliao. The type species is Eopteranodon lii. A second species, E. yixianensis, was named in 2023, but its validity has been questioned.

Beipiao
Beipiao (Chinese: 北票; pinyin: Běipiào; Wade–Giles: Pei3-p'iao4) is a city in Chaoyang prefecture, Liaoning province, in Northeast China. It has a population of 202,807. The main industry in the area is coal mining. With vertical shafts of almost 1000m, these are some of the deepest coal mines in China. The coal produced is used for coking. Daheishan National Forest Park is located in the northwestern part of Beipiao city.

The dinosaur Beipiaosaurus was named after the city where its fossils were found nearby.
Rene Paul Chambellan
Rene Paul Chambellan (September 15, 1893 – November 29, 1955) was an American sculptor who specialized in architectural sculpture.  He was also one of the foremost practitioners of what was then called the "French Modern Style" and has subsequently been labeled Zig-Zag Moderne, or Art Deco. He also frequently designed in the Greco Deco style.

Architectural sculpture
Architectural sculpture is the use of sculptural techniques by an architect and/or sculptor in the design of a building, bridge, mausoleum or other such project. The sculpture is usually integrated with the structure, but freestanding works that are part of the original design are also considered to be architectural sculpture.  The concept overlaps with, or is a subset of, monumental sculpture.

It has also been defined as "an integral part of a building or sculpture created especially to decorate or embellish an architectural structure."

Architectural sculpture has been employed by builders throughout history, and in virtually every continent on earth save pre-colonial Australia.
Handball at the 2021 Junior Pan American Games
The handball competition of the 2021 Junior Pan American Games in Cali, Colombia was held from 23 November to 4 December at the Iván Vassilev Todorov Arena, the events were played by U23 national teams and awarded one place in both genders to the handball tournament of the 2023 Pan American Games.

2023 Pan American Games
The 2023 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2023), officially the XIX Pan American Games (Spanish: XIX Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Santiago 2023, were an  international multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization, held in Santiago, Chile from 20 October to 5 November 2023; preliminary rounds in certain events began on 18 October 2023. These are the first Pan American Games to be held in Chile, and the eighth to be held in South America.

The games were held in 39 venues across the Santiago Metropolitan Region and another three regions of Chile. The Pan American Games and the 2023 Parapan American Games were organized by the Santiago Organizing Committee for the 2023 Pan and Parapan American Games.
Fred R. Sloan
Fred R. Sloan is a retired major general in the United States Air National Guard and former Director of Air National Guard Forces and Air National Guard Assistant to the Commander of Air Combat Command, as well as Assistant Adjutant General of Wisconsin for the Air.

Air National Guard
The Air National Guard (ANG), also known as the Air Guard, is a federal military reserve force of the United States Air Force (USAF), as well as the "air militia" of each U.S. state, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the territories of Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands. It, along with the Army National Guard component of each state, district, commonwealth or territory, makes up the National Guard of each region as applicable. Additionally, the ANG and the United States Air Force Reserve constitute the two air reserve components of the USAF.

When Air National Guard units are used under the jurisdiction of the state governor they are fulfilling their militia role. However, when federalized by order of the president of the United States, ANG units become an active part of the U.S. Air Force. They are jointly administered by the states and the National Guard Bureau, a joint bureau of the Army and Air Force that oversees the U.S. National Guard.
Railways of Novorossiya
The Railways of Novorossiya (Russian: Железные дороги Новороссии, romanized: Zheleznye dorogi Novorossii) is a state-owned railway company headquartered in Donetsk, both managing infrastructure and operating freight and passenger train services in Donetsk People's Republic, Lugansk People's Republic, and Russian-controlled areas of Kherson and Zaporizhzhia oblasts.

Railways of Novorossiya is a unitary enterprise company independent of Russian Railways. It was established on 29 March 2023, following the Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts from units of Prydnipro Railways and Donets Railway of Ukrainian Railways.

Rail transport company
A rail transport company is a company active within the rail industry. It can be:

a manufacturing company,

a railway undertaking providing services through operating rolling stock,

a railway infrastructure manager.

In some jurisdictions such as the United States, railway companies may combine these roles. Railway companies can be private or public.
Makeyevka constituency
The Makeyevka constituency (No.13) is a proposed Russian legislative constituency in the Donetsk People's Republic. The constituency covers eastern Donetsk and south-eastern DNR.

As the Donetsk People's Republic was annexed by Russia in September 2022, the constituency is created for the 2026 legislative election. As of June 2025, it is the only DNR constituency fully controlled by Russian forces.

Constituencies of Russia
Legislative constituencies are used in Russia to elect half of the seats (225) in the State Duma. Each Federal Subject gets a certain amount of constituencies, proportional to their population, with every Federal Subject getting at least one. Every constituency is a single-mandate one, meaning each constituency sends one representative (also known as a Deputy) to the State Duma.

Constituencies are created and their boundaries drawn by the Central Election Commission. According to Federal Law, the layout of constituencies are to be used for 10 years. Using these current constituencies, elections were held to the State Duma in 2016 and 2021.
Cheng Wen-tsan
Cheng Wen-tsan (Chinese: 鄭文燦; pinyin: Zhèng Wéncàn; Wade–Giles: Chêng4 Wên2-tsʻan4; born 6 July 1967) is a Taiwanese politician who has served as the vice premier of the Republic of China (Taiwan) from 2023 to 2024 and chairman of the Straits Exchange Foundation briefly in 2024. A member of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), he was the first mayor of the newly established Taoyuan special municipality, serving from 2014 to 2022.

Special municipality (Taiwan)
A special municipality, historically known as a Yuan-controlled municipality, is a first-level administrative division unit in Taiwan. It is the highest level of the country's administrative structure and is equivalent to a province. After the suspension of the provincial governments of 2018, the special municipalities along with provincial cities and counties have all governed directly under the central government.

Currently total six cities are designated as special municipalities: Taipei, Taoyuan, New Taipei, Taichung, Tainan, and Kaohsiung, all located in the most densely populated regions in the western half of the island. These special municipalities encompass five most populous metropolitan areas in Taiwan, accounting for more than two-thirds of the national population.
Bikaner Development Authority
Bikaner Development Authority (BDA) is a government agency formed in 2024 by the Government of Rajasthan. It was created to manage and plan urban development in Bikaner city and nearby areas. The authority replaced the Urban Improvement Trust (UIT) and is responsible for tasks such as land use planning, approving building layouts, and developing public infrastructure. Its area of work includes Bikaner city, Napasar, Deshnok, and surrounding villages. The main office of the authority is located in the Jodbeed area of Bikaner.

Government of Rajasthan
The Government of Rajasthan is the supreme governing authority of the Indian state of Rajasthan and its 41 districts. It consists of an executive branch, led by the governor of Rajasthan, as well as judiciary and legislative branches. Jaipur is the capital of Rajasthan, and houses the Vidhan Sabha (legislative assembly) and the secretariat. There are various programs announced by the Government of Rajasthan.
Mr. Gay World Philippines 2017
Mr. Gay World Philippines 2017 (MGWP) is the official national pageant for Mr. Gay World 2017. It is organized by Mr. Gay World Philippines Organization founded by Wilbert Ting Tolentino, Mr. Gay World-Philippines national director, Mr. Gay World Philippines 2009 and Philippines' first representative to the Mr. Gay World 2009 in Canada.

Baguio's John Fernandez Raspado will be representing the Philippines in 2017's Mr. Gay World competition. Raspado was named Mr. Gay World Philippines 2016 at the University of the Philippines Theater in Quezon City.

Zamboanga del Sur's Khalil Vera Cruz was named second runner-up, while Pangasinan's John Bench Ortiz was named first runner-up. Raspado also won other special awards, including Best in National Costume, Best in Casual Wear, and Mr. Gay World Philippines Popularity. Back in May 2014, Raspado won the title of the first-ever "I Am PoGay."

John Raspado
John Fernandez Raspado (born February 20, 1981, in Quezon City) is a Filipino businessman and pageant titleholder who was crowned Mr. Gay World 2017. He won Mr. Gay World Philippines 2016, therefore earned the right to represent the country in Mr. Gay World. He was the first Filipino and Southeast Asian man to win the title as Mr. Gay World.

Before his pageant stint, he was the grand champion of ABS-CBN's It's Showtime: I Am PoGay contest. His personal life story was also featured in a Lenten television special to the same network.
22nd Academy Awards
The 22nd Academy Awards were held on March 23, 1950, at the RKO Pantages Theatre, honoring the films in 1949. This was the final year in which all five Best Picture nominees were in Black & White, and the first year in which every film nominated for Best Picture won multiple Oscars.

All the King's Men became the first of two films to date to win Best Picture and two acting Oscars, yet lose Best Director (the other being Shakespeare in Love (1998)). This year marked the only occasion to date of two films each receiving two acting nominations within the same category: both Pinky and Come to the Stable received two nominations for Best Supporting Actress (Ethel Barrymore and Ethel Waters, and Celeste Holm and Elsa Lanchester, respectively). A Chance to Live and So Much for So Little's joint win in the Best Documentary (Short Subject) category marked the second occurrence of a tie in Oscar history.

Pinky (film)
Pinky is a 1949 American drama film directed by Elia Kazan and produced by Darryl F. Zanuck. The screenplay was adapted by Philip Dunne and Dudley Nichols based on Cid Ricketts Sumner's 1946 novel Quality. It stars Jeanne Crain as the title character, a young light-skinned black woman who passes for white. It also stars Ethel Barrymore, Ethel Waters and William Lundigan.

Pinky was released in the United States on September 29, 1949, by 20th Century-Fox. It generated considerable controversy because of its subject of race relations and the casting of Crain to play a black woman. It was nonetheless a critical and commercial success, and earned Crain, Barrymore and Waters Academy Award nominations.
Paul Hertzog
Paul Hertzog is an American film composer and educator. In his brief career in the late 1980s and early 1990s, Hertzog composed the soundtracks for two Jean-Claude Van Damme movies, Kickboxer and Bloodsport, as well as the scores for Breathing Fire and My Chauffeur. Hertzog was a teacher at Hart High School in Santa Clarita, California, where he taught English and Music Theory.

After a nearly twenty-year hiatus, Hertzog released a CD titled Freeing the Waters in 2009. It consisted of previously unreleased tracks written during his years as a film composer.

Early in 2015, Hertzog released a CD of new music, reminiscent of his work in "Bloodsport" and "Kickboxer," titled "Waking the Dragon." He composed, performed and recorded this latest CD.

Recess (break)
Recess is a general term for a period in which a group of people are temporarily dismissed from their duties.

In education, recess is the American and Australian term (known as break or playtime in the UK), where students have a mid morning snack and play before having lunch after a few more lessons. Recess could occur during other times of the school day, such as after lunch or before dismissal. Typically ten to thirty minutes, in elementary school where students are allowed to leave the school's interior to enter its adjacent outside park where they play on equipment such as slides and swings, play basketball, tetherball, study, make up any missing assignments or talk. Many middle and high schools also offer a recess to provide students with a sufficient opportunity to consume quick snacks, communicate with their peers, visit the restroom, study, and various other activities.
2013 Eurocup Clio
The 2013 Eurocup Clio season was the third season of the Renault–supported touring car category, a one-make racing series that is part of the World Series by Renault, the series uses Renault Clio RS 197's.

Renault Clio Cup
The Renault Clio Cup Series is a one-make racing series created and managed by Alpine Racing (until 2020 known as Renault Sport). The championship was born after merging the 4 active Renault Clio national cups at that moment plus the Clio Cup Europe.
Bergen auf Rügen station
Bergen auf Rügen (German: Bahnhof Bergen auf Rügen) is a railway station in the town of Bergen auf Rügen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. The station lies on the Stralsund-Sassnitz railway and Bergen auf Rügen–Lauterbach Mole railway and was opened in 1883. The train services are operated by Deutsche Bahn Fernverkehr, Ostdeutsche Eisenbahn GmbH, Pressnitztalbahn and Hanseatische Eisenbahn. The narrow gauge line to Altenkirchen was closed in 1970.

DB Fernverkehr
DB Fernverkehr AG (German pronunciation: [deːbeː ˈfɛʁnfɛɐˌkeːɐ], "DB Long-Distance Traffic") is a semi-independent division of Deutsche Bahn that operates long-distance passenger trains in Germany. It was founded in 1999 in the second stage of the privatisation of Deutsche Bahn, under the name of DB Reise&Touristik and was renamed in 2003. As of 2024, DB Fernverkehr operates approximately 800 domestic and 250 international train services per day, utilizing 500 trainsets.

Heavily indebted, its frequent malfunctions (outdated infrastructure, issues with punctuality and breakdowns, slow lines, overcrowded trains, poor communication) have been the subject of intense debate in German and European public opinion for several years.
House of Looz-Corswarem
The House of Looz-Corswarem is an old ducal family that mostly occupied territories in what was once Austrian Netherlands. As reigning Princes of the Principality of Rheina-Wolbeck, a Sovereign State with an area of 556 square Kilometers and capital city Rheine, they also belonged to the German nobility. The immediate territory of the family was mediatised by the Grand Duchy of Berg in 1806. As a former ruling or the mediatised one the family belonged to the small circle of high nobility who enjoyed equal rights for marriage purposes with the royal or reigning families. Their motto is: Potius mori quam foedari.
The family had a hereditary seat in the Upper House (Erste Kammer) of the parliament of the Kingdom of Hannover and were members of the Prussian House of Lords. Today, the family still belongs to the Belgian nobility.

Prussian House of Lords
The Prussian House of Lords (German: Preußisches Herrenhaus) in Berlin was the upper house of the Landtag of Prussia (German: Preußischer Landtag), the parliament of Prussia from 1850 to 1918. Together with the lower house, the House of Representatives (Abgeordnetenhaus), it formed the Prussian bicameral legislature. The building is now used as the seat of the German Bundesrat at Leipziger Straße.
Concepción Montaner
Concepción "Concha" Montaner Coll (born 14 January 1981) is a Spanish track and field athlete who specializes in long jump.

Montaner took the gold medal the World Junior Championships in 2000. At the 2006 World Indoor Championships she won her first major international senior medal when she finished third with 6.76 metres - the same result as the silver medalist Naide Gomes. Gomes beat Montaner on countback, due to a longer next best jump. In 2007 Montaner won the silver medal at the European Indoor Championships, behind Gomes.

Montaner's personal best jump is 6.92 metres, achieved in July 2005 in Madrid.

Montaner is also a national indoor champion over 60 metres.

2006 IAAF World Indoor Championships
The 11th IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) was held in Moscow from March 10 to March 12, 2006 in the Olimpiyski Sport arena.

The announcement by the IAAF in November 2003 was a blow to Madrid, which was also in the running to hold the event but Spain had already held the competition twice. This was the first major senior athletics competition to be held in the country since the highly boycotted 1980 Summer Olympics.

The majority of athletes from Great Britain, Australia and Jamaica, amongst other countries, did not attend the Championships, due to the coinciding 2006 Commonwealth Games.
Pedro Lugo
Pedro Lugo Martínez (born 1 August 1960), better known as El Nene, is a Cuban singer. He specializes in both son cubano and rumba, having sung for La Monumental, Clave y Guaguancó and Conjunto Chappottín. He is also the founder and lead vocalist of Jóvenes Clásicos del Son, a traditional son septet founded in 1994. In 2006, he formed another son septet, Son del Nene, in which he is also the lead vocalist. He has recorded albums in collaboration with Celeste Mendoza, Tata Güines, Estrellas de Areito, Zanja All Stars and rumba ensembles such as Rapsodia Rumbera and Team Cuba de la Rumba.

Tata Güines
Federico Arístides Soto Alejo (June 30, 1930 – February 4, 2008), better known as Tata Güines, was a Cuban percussionist, bandleader and arranger. He was widely regarded as a master of the conga drum, and alongside Carlos "Patato" Valdés, influential in the development of contemporary Afro-Cuban music, including Afro-Cuban jazz. He specialized in a form of improvisation known as descarga, a format in which he recorded numerous albums throughout the years with Cachao, Frank Emilio Flynn, Estrellas de Areito, Alfredo Rodríguez and Jane Bunnett, among others. In the 1990s he released two critically acclaimed albums as a leader: Pasaporte and Aniversario. His composition "Pa' gozar" has become a standard of the descarga genre.