hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
S. L. Hakimi
Seifollah Louis Hakimi (1932–June 23, 2006) was an Iranian-American mathematician born in Iran, a professor emeritus at Northwestern University, where he chaired the department of electrical engineering from 1973 to 1978. He was chair of the Department of Electrical Engineering at University of California, Davis, from 1986 to 1996.

Born in Mashhad, Iran, to an Iranian Jewish family, Hakimi moved to the United States in the early 1950s. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1959, under the supervision of Mac Van Valkenburg. He has over 100 academic descendants, most of them via his student Narsingh Deo.

He is known for characterizing the degree sequences of undirected graphs, for formulating the Steiner tree problem on networks, and for his work on facility location problems on networks.

Optimal facility location
The study of facility location problems (FLP), also known as location analysis, is a branch of operations research and computational geometry concerned with the optimal placement of facilities on a plane or network to minimize transportation costs while considering factors like avoiding placing hazardous materials near housing, and competitors' facilities. The techniques also apply to cluster analysis.
Stereocaulon dactylophyllum
Stereocaulon dactylophyllum is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), fruticose lichen in the family Stereocaulaceae. It was first scientifically described by Heinrich Gustav Flörke in 1819. Flörke mentions that the original specimens were collected in 1797 on mossy rocks at the Rehberger Graben and near Sankt Andreasberg on the Harz Mountains, and also on the Fichtel Mountains. It is now known to be widely distributed, having been recorded in Asia, Europe, Greenland, eastern Canada, and the eastern and central United States.

The lichen is characterised morphologically by the coralloid, highly branched phyllocladia. Chemically, it contains lichen products in the stictic acid complex, including atranorin, norstictic acid, and cryptostictic acid. The expected results of chemical spot tests are K+ (yellow) and PD+ (orange).

Fruticose lichen
A fruticose lichen is a form of lichen fungi that is characterized by a coral-like shrubby or bushy growth structure. It is formed from a symbiotic relationship of a photobiont such as green algae or less commonly cyanobacteria and one, two or more mycobionts.  Fruticose lichens are not a monophyletic and holophyletic lineage, but are a form encountered in many classes.  Fruticose lichens have a complex vegetation structure, and are characterized by an ascending, bushy or pendulous appearance. As with other lichens, many fruticose lichens can endure high degrees of desiccation. They grow slowly and often occur in habitats such as on tree barks, on rock surfaces and on soils in the Arctic and mountain regions.
Jacques Pélissard
Jacques Pélissard (French pronunciation: [ʒak pelisaʁ]; born 20 March 1946 in Lyon, Rhône) was a member of the National Assembly of France.  He represented Jura's 1st constituency, from 1993 to 2017 as a member of the Union for a Popular Movement. He worked as a professor of economic law at Emlyon Business School between 1971 and 1974.

Jacques Pélissard was part of the "Coppens commission" who prepared the French Charter for the Environment of 2004.

Jura's 1st constituency
The 1st constituency of Jura is a French legislative constituency in the Jura département.

The 1st constituency of Jura covers the south western portion of the department and includes the prefecture Lons-le-Saunier.
Tokuro Konishi
Tokuro Konishi (小西 得郎) (July 10, 1894 – June 9, 1977) was a Japanese baseball manager.

Konishi played for Nihon University and Meiji University.

He had three stints as manager for the franchise eventually known as the Shochiku Robins, first from 1936 to 1938, when the team was known as Dai Tokyo and then the Lion Baseball Club; then in 1950; and again for part of 1952 when it was known as the Robins.

After his first stint as manager with Dai Tokyo/Lion, he managed the Nagoya Baseball Club from 1939 to 1941.

Konishi returned to managing in 1950, the first year of the Nippon Professional Baseball. His Robins won 98 games, first in the Central League. They lost the inaugural Japan Series to the Mainichi Orions. He was inducted into the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame in 1971.

Nihon University
Nihon University (日本大学, Nihon Daigaku; lit. 'Japan University'), abbreviated as Nichidai (日大), is a private research university in Japan. Its predecessor, Nihon Law School (currently the Department of Law), was founded by Yamada Akiyoshi, the Minister of Justice, in 1889. The university's name is derived from the Japanese word "Nihon" meaning Japan. Nihon University now has 16 colleges and 87 departments, 20 postgraduate schools, one junior college which is composed of five departments, one correspondence division, 32 research institutes and three hospitals. The number of students exceeds 70,000 and is the largest in Japan.
Shanghai Stock Exchange STAR Market
The Shanghai Stock Exchange STAR Market, officially known as the Shanghai Stock Exchange Science and Technology Innovation Board, is a Chinese science and technology focused equities market established on July 22, 2019.

STAR has been touted as Shanghai's equivalent to America's Nasdaq, with state media alluding to its goal as giving Chinese science and technology companies greater access to capital markets. As of July 2020, it is valued at more than US $400 billion.

Stock market
A stock market, equity market, or share market is the aggregation of buyers and sellers of stocks (also called shares), which represent ownership claims on businesses; these may include securities listed on a public stock exchange as well as stock that is only traded privately, such as shares of private companies that are sold to investors through equity crowdfunding platforms. Investments are usually made with an investment strategy in mind.
Boxing at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Flyweight
The men's flyweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1972 Summer Olympics. The weight class allowed boxers of up to 51 kilograms to compete. The competition was held from 27 August to 10 September 1972. 36 boxers from 36 nations competed.

Leszek Błażyński
Leszek Błażyński (Polish pronunciation: [ˈlɛʂɛk ˈbwaʐɨj̃skʲi]; 5 March 1949 – 6 August 1992) was a Polish boxer who twice won the bronze medal in the men's flyweight (– 51 kg) division at the Summer Olympics. He first did so in 1972, when Munich hosted the Games. Four years later in Montreal, he once again captured the bronze after a loss in the semifinals against eventual winner Leo Randolph of the United States.

Błażyński won the silver medal in the 1971 European Amateur Boxing Championships and the gold medal in the 1977 European Amateur Boxing Championships. Later in his career, he became a boxing coach.
Jirón Ucayali
Ucayali Street (Spanish: Jirón Ucayali) is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión and continues until it reaches Jirón Paruro, in Barrios Altos. Its route extends to the west along Jirón Ica.

Its last block is known as Capón Street (Spanish: Calle Capón), and is the location of the city's Chinatown. The street has numerous food businesses selling Asian products, chifas and tea rooms.

Teahouse
A teahouse or tearoom (also tea room) is an establishment which primarily serves tea and other light refreshments. A tea room may be a room set aside in a hotel, especially for serving afternoon tea, or may be an establishment that only serves cream tea. Although the function of a tea room may vary according to the circumstance or country, tea houses often serve as centers of social interaction, like coffee houses.

Some cultures have a variety of distinct tea-centered establishments of different types, depending on the national tea culture. For example, the British or American tea room serves afternoon tea with a variety of small snacks.
Daniel Norber
Daniel J. Norber (born October 14, 1979) is an American politician serving in the New York State Assembly for the 16th district. His district includes the northwestern Nassau County communities of Great Neck, Manhasset, Port Washington, Roslyn, and several other communities along the county's border with Queens.

In 2024, he became the first Republican elected to a New York State Assembly seat in the Town of North Hempstead in over half a century by unseating Democrat Gina L. Sillitti.

North Hempstead, New York
North Hempstead (officially known as the Town of North Hempstead) is one of three towns in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 237,639 at the time of the 2020 census. It is the 7th most populous city or town in New York.
TD Cowen
TD Cowen (formerly Cowen Inc.), is an American multinational investment bank and financial services division of TD Securities that operates through two business segments: a broker-dealer and an investment management division.

The company's broker-dealer division offers investment banking services, equity and credit research, sales and trading, prime brokerage, outsourced trading, global clearing and commission management services.

Cowen's investment management segment offers actively managed alternative investment products. Founded in 1918, the firm is headquartered in New York and has offices worldwide. Cowen claims it is known for successfully identifying emerging industries early on, especially the emerging cannabis industry.

Toronto-Dominion Bank acquired Cowen for US$1.3 billion in March 2023. The company was then rebranded as TD Cowen and became a division of TD Securities.

Prime brokerage
Prime brokerage is the generic term for a bundled package of services offered by large financial institutions (including investment banks and broker-dealers) to hedge funds, commonly including financing and securities lending to facilitate leveraged trading strategies. Prime brokers also typically provide centralized clearing and settlement and consolidated reporting for client positions.

Prime brokers earn revenue primarily through spreads on financing and securities lending and may also earn fees for clearing and other services. In some jurisdictions and structures, prime brokers may have rights of rehypothecation over client collateral, which can support the economics of financing and securities-lending activities.
Draycote
Draycote is a small hamlet in Warwickshire, England. It forms part of the civil parish of Bourton and Draycote along with nearby Bourton-on-Dunsmore, which is located around half a mile to the west, uphill from Draycote.

Draycote is located in a valley just to the west of Draycote Water reservoir, which is named after the hamlet and is home to Draycote Water Sailing Club.

Draycote is quite remote, with only one narrow lane accessing the village from the B4453 road, which then loops back towards Bourton-on-Dunsmore.

The remains of the former Rugby to Leamington Spa railway line run west of Draycote. Part of the former line between Draycote and Birdingbury has recently been converted into a cycleway as part of the National Cycle Network.

Near the village is the Draycote Meadows nature reserve.

Cycling infrastructure
Cycling infrastructure is all infrastructure cyclists are allowed to use. Bikeways include bike paths, bike lanes, cycle tracks, rail trails and, where permitted, sidewalks. Roads used by motorists are also cycling infrastructure, except where cyclists are barred such as many freeways/motorways. It includes amenities such as bike racks for parking, shelters, service centers and specialized traffic signs and signals. The more cycling infrastructure there is, the more people travel by bicycle.

Good road design, road maintenance and traffic management can make cycling safer and more useful. Settlements with a dense network of interconnected streets tend to be places for getting around by bike. Their cycling networks can give people direct, fast, easy and convenient routes.
Tsolak Bekaryan
Tsolak Vaghinag Bekaryan (Armenian: Ցոլակ Բեքարյան; October 30, 1922 – August 22, 1980) was an Armenian composer, violinist, and pedagogue. He was born in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia to educators, Vaghinag and Mari Bekaryan. In 1926, Bekaryan, with his parents, returned to their motherland, Armenia. Bekaryan has written orchestral, instrumental, and vocal compositions. He died in the town of Sortavala in Karelia in Northern Russia (his holiday home).

Sortavala
Sortavala (Russian: Сортавала; Finnish and Karelian: Sortavala; Swedish: Sordavala), in Russian sometimes known as Serdobol (Сердоболь), is a town in the Republic of Karelia, Russia, located at the northern tip of Lake Ladoga near the Finnish border, 246 kilometres (153 mi) west of Petrozavodsk, the capital city of the Republic of Karelia. The closest city on the Finnish side of the border is Joensuu, which is located 136 kilometres (85 mi) from Sortavala. In 2021, the population of Sortavala was 19,215.
Frolosh Point
Frolosh Point (Bulgarian: нос Фролош, ‘Nos Frolosh’ \'nos 'fro-losh\) is the point forming the north side of the entrance to Galata Cove on the northeast coast of Anvers Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica.

The point is named after the settlement of Frolosh in western Bulgaria.

Palmer Archipelago
Palmer Archipelago, also known as Antarctic Archipelago, Archipiélago Palmer, Antarktiske Arkipel or Palmer Inseln, is a group of islands off the northwestern coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. It extends from Tower Island in the north to Anvers Island in the south. It is separated by the Gerlache and Bismarck straits from the Antarctic Peninsula and Wilhelm Archipelago, respectively. The archipelago is in the British, Chilean, and Argentine Claims.

Palmer Archipelago is located at 64°15′S 62°50′W﻿ / ﻿64.250°S 62.833°W﻿ / -64.250; -62.833.
Lursakdi Sampatisiri
Thanpuying Lursakdi Sampatisiri (20 February 1919 – 9 November 2010; Thai: เลอศักดิ์ สมบัติศิริ; RTGS: Loesak Sombatsiri; Thai pronunciation: [lɤːsàk sǒmbàtsìrì]) was the daughter of Nai Lert Sreshthaputa and the only heir of the business and real estate empire, founded in 1894, known as Nai Lert Group. As one of Thailand's most prominent businesswomen, Sampatisiri created one of the first international hotels in Bangkok, The Hilton International Bangkok at   Lert Park. Since 2003 the hotel was known as Swissôtel Nai Lert Park Hotel, Bangkok, and was the flagship of the real estate portfolio of the group. After being sold in 2016 it is since 2018 a Mövenpick Hotels & Resorts as they reopened the property as a "holistic services medical centre" resort hotel.

Hilton Worldwide
Hilton Worldwide Holdings Inc. is an American multinational hospitality company that manages and franchises a broad portfolio of hotels, resorts, and timeshare properties. Founded by Conrad Hilton in May 1919, the company is now led by Christopher J. Nassetta. Hilton is headquartered in Tysons, Virginia, United States.

As of December 31, 2023, the company's portfolio includes 7,530 properties (including timeshare properties) with 1,182,937 rooms in 118 countries and territories. Hilton owns or leases 51 properties, manages 800 properties, and franchises out the remainder.
Peter Watts (cricketer, born 1947)
Peter Willett Watts (born 17 July 1947) is a former Malaysian born English cricketer.  Watts batting style is unknown, although he was a slow left-arm orthodox bowler.  He was born at Penang, in the then Malayan Union.

Watts made his Minor Counties Championship debut for Berkshire in 1964 against Wiltshire.  From 1964 to 1978, he represented the county in 22 Minor Counties Championship matches, the last of which came in the 1978 Championship when Berkshire played Devon.

Additionally, he also played 2 List-A matches for Berkshire.  His List-A debut for the county came against Hertfordshire in the 1st round of the 1966 Gillette Cup.  His second and final List-A match came in the 2nd round of the same competition when Berkshire played Gloucestershire at Church Road Cricket Ground, Reading.  In his 2 matches, he scored 9 runs at a batting average of 4.50, with a high score of 5.  With the ball he took 2 wickets at a bowling average of 41.00, with best figures of 1/17.

Berkshire County Cricket Club
Berkshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor counties clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Berkshire.

The team is currently a member of the National Counties Championship Western Division and plays in the NCCA Knockout Trophy. Berkshire played List A matches occasionally until 2005, but is not classified as a List A team per se.
África (given name)
África is a Spanish feminine given name which refers to the continent of Africa. In Catalan it is spelled Àfrica with a grave accent.

The name is a shortening of María de África, which is derived from the Virgin Mary's epithet as Nuestra Señora de África ("Our Lady of Africa"), referring to her status as patron saint of the Spanish enclave of Ceuta on the North African coast.

Notable people with the name include:

África Blesa (born 1956), Spanish gymnast

África de las Heras (1909–1988), Spanish-Soviet intelligence agent

África Lorente Castillo (1954–2020), Spanish politician

Deyanira África Melo, Mexican sculptor

Africa Peñalver (born 2000), Spanish model

África Pratt (born 1946), Spanish actress and vedette

África de la Rosa (born 1906), Filipino actress

África Sempere (born 1992), Spanish handballer

África Zamorano (born 1998), Spanish swimmer

África Zavala (born 1985), Mexican actress

Deyanira África Melo
Deyanira África González Melo is a Mexican sculptor who generally works in ceramics, depicting elements of the human form, especially the torso, generally with mutilations and other disturbing elements to dispute the otherwise traditional and sensual depictions of the human body. She has exhibited her work since studying at the Escuela Nacional de Artes Plásticas (ENAP) in Mexico as well as in Europe and the Caribbean. Her work has received recognition in Mexico and abroad, and is a member of the Salón de la Plástica Mexicana.
Abok Izam
Abok Izam is a Nigerian politician. He was the lawmaker representing Jos East constituency and former Speaker of the Plateau State House of Assembly under the platform of the All Progressives Congress (APC) political party.

Plateau State
Plateau is a Nigerian state located in the North Central geopolitical zone. Its capital city is Jos. Officially nicknamed the "Home of Peace and Tourism", the state has a population of around 4.7 million people.
Terbanggi Besar–Pematang Panggang Toll Road
Terbanggi Besar–Pematang Panggang–Kayu Agung Toll Road, often abbreviated as Terpeka is a 189.2-kilometre-long (117.6 mi) controlled-access toll road that connects Terbanggi Besar, Pematang Panggang, and Kayu Agung in the island of Sumatra,  Indonesia. This toll road is a network of Trans-Sumatra Toll Road, and connected to Bakauheni-Terbanggi Besar Toll Road and Kayu Agung–Palembang–Betung Toll Road.

Kayu Agung–Palembang–Betung Toll Road
Kayu Agung–Palembang–Betung Toll Road or Kapal Betung/Kapalbetung Toll Road is a 111.7-kilometre-long (69.4 mi) controlled-access toll road, which is part of Trans-Sumatra Toll Road. The toll road is managed by PT Waskita Sriwijaya Tol stretching from the township of Kayu Agung, passing through the major city of Palembang, and terminating at the township of Betung. The toll road connects Lampung–Palembang corridor with the Palembang–Jambi corridor of Trans-Sumatra Toll Road network.
Asilah, Syria
Asilah (Arabic: أصيلة, also spelled Asileh and Asila) is a village in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Hama Governorate, located west of Hama. Nearby localities include Khunayzir and Mhardeh to the northeast, Maarzaf to the east, Umm al-Tuyur to the southeast, Deir al-Salib to the south, Hanjur to the southwest, Jubb Ramlah to the west, Tell Salhab to the northwest and Safsafiyah to the north. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Asilah had a population of 5,790 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites.

Hama
Hama (Arabic: حَمَاة Ḥamāh, [ħaˈmaː]) is a city on the banks of the Orontes River in west-central Syria. It is located 213 kilometres (132 mi) north of Damascus and 46 km (29 mi) north of Homs. It is the provincial capital of the Hama Governorate, which is the only Governorate with no land borders with any foreign countries. With a population of 996,000 (2023 census), Hama is one of the four largest cities in Syria, with Damascus, Aleppo and Homs. Hama is known for its cheese-making tradition, notably reflected in a signature local dessert Halawet el Jibn.

The city is renowned for its seventeen norias used for watering the gardens, which are claimed to date back to 1100 BC. Though historically used for irrigation, the norias are used purely for show today and currently serve no direct purpose, being used as a tourist attraction and a symbol of the city, also this city is popular in protest during the assad regime (ex: Yalla Erhal Ya Bashar (song)
Corazón Partío
"Corazón Partío" (English: "Broken heart") is a song written and performed by Spanish singer-songwriter Alejandro Sanz from his 1997 album Más. Released as a single, the flamenco-influenced upbeat song was his international breakthrough and entered several Billboard charts in the United States, including Hot Latin Tracks and Hot Dance Singles Sales. It became one of Sanz's signature songs. A remix of the song, released in 1998, reached number one in Spain.

Dance Singles Sales
The Dance Singles Sales was a record chart released weekly by Billboard magazine listing each week's best-selling dance singles in the United States. Its previous names include Hot Dance/Disco 12-inch Singles Sales (1985–1987), Hot Dance Music 12-inch Singles Sales (1987–1992), and Hot Dance Music Maxi-Singles Sales (1992–2003). The chart was compiled from a national sample of retail stores, mass merchants, and internet sales reports collected and provided by Nielsen SoundScan. It was launched on the issue dated March 16, 1985, with the first number-one single being "New Attitude"/"Axel F", a split single by Patti LaBelle and Harold Faltermeyer from Beverly Hills Cop soundtrack. The chart became defunct after the issue dated November 30, 2013, with Borgore's "Wild Out" (featuring Waka Flocka Flame and Paige) as its final number-one single.
Smooth-scaled death adder
The smooth-scaled death adder (Acanthophis laevis), also called the New Guinea death adder, is a   venomous species of elapid snake endemic to Southeast Asia and Oceania. Unlike other snakes commonly referred to as "adders", which are nearly all in the Viperidae family, A. laevis is part of the Elapidae, the family containing cobras, coral snakes, mambas and sea snakes, among other venomous species.

A. laevis is an ambush predator, lying in-wait to capture fast-moving prey like birds, small mammals, reptiles and amphibians. The death adders (genus Acanthophis) have a broad diet, mainly consisting of frogs, lizards, and rodents. As with many snakes, females grow larger than males; tail length and head-shape also differ between sexes in some species.

Small mammal
Small mammals or micromammals are a subdivision of mammals based on their body mass and size. Different values have been used as the upper limit. The International Biological Programme has defined small mammals as species weighing up to 5 kg. Alternatively, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) groups the orders of rodents, tree shrews and eulipotyphlans (insectivores) together under the term small mammals.

A significant majority of mammal species falls into the category of small mammals. They are found in a great range of habitats and climate zones.