hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2014 Topshelf Open
The 2014 Topshelf Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the 25th edition of the Rosmalen Grass Court Championships, and was part of the 250 Series of the 2014 ATP World Tour, and of the WTA International tournaments of the 2014 WTA Tour. Both the men's and the women's events took place at the Autotron park in Rosmalen, 's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands, from 15 June until 21 June 2014. Roberto Bautista Agut and CoCo Vandeweghe won the singles titles.

2014 ATP World Tour
The 2014 ATP World Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2014 tennis season. The 2014 ATP World Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP World Tour Masters 1000, the ATP World Tour 500 series, the ATP World Tour 250 series, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF) and the ATP World Tour Finals. Also included in the 2014 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which is organized by the ITF and does not distribute ranking points.
Kert Kütt
Kert Kütt (born 9 October 1980 in Pärnu) is a retired Estonian professional footballer who last played for Paide Linnameeskond in the Estonian Meistriliiga as a goalkeeper. He has previously had spells in Estonian Meistriliiga and the Finnish Veikkausliiga.

Meistriliiga
Meistriliiga (pronounced [ˈmeistriliːɡ̊ɑː]), officially known as A. Le Coq Premium Liiga for sponsorship reasons, and commonly known as the Premium Liiga, is the highest division of the Estonian Football Association annual football championship. The league was founded in 1992, and was initially semi-professional with amateur clubs allowed to compete. With the help of solidarity mechanisms, the league is fully professional since the 2020 season.

As in most countries with low temperatures in winter, the season starts in March and ends in November. Meistriliiga consists of ten clubs, all teams play each other four times.

After each season, the bottom team is relegated to the Esiliiga, the Estonian second division league. The second last team plays a two-legged play-off with the second team in the Esiliiga for a place in the Meistriliiga.
Mansour Razavi
Seyyed Mansour Razavi (Persian: سید منصور رضوی) is an Iranian engineer and politician. He served as a Tehran councilman and the vice president in charge of public service.

Razavi is regarded a right-wing technocrat close to Rafsanjani.

Vice presidents of Iran
First vice president of Iran (Persian: معاون اول رئیس‌جمهور ایران) is defined by article 124 of the Constitution of Iran as anyone appointed by the President of Iran to lead an organization related to presidential affairs in Iran. As of 2025, there are fifteen vice presidents. The first vice president leads cabinet meetings in the absence of the president.
Büyen
The Büyen (Kazakh: Бүйен, Büien) is a river of Kazakhstan. Its source is in the Dzungarian Alatau. It flows to the north, parallel to the Aksu to its east, and vanishes in the Jalkum desert south of Lake Balkhash. The Bronze Age settlement Tasbas is located in the upper Büyen valley.

Aksu (Lake Balkhash)
The Aksu (Kazakh: Ақсу, Aqsu; Russian: Аксу) is a river of the Balkhash-Alakol Basin, Kazakhstan. It originates in the Dzungarian Alatau Mountains near the border with China and flows into Lake Balkhash. In Turkic languages, the name 'ak+su' literally means "clean/white water". The Aksu is one of the main rivers of the historic region of Zhetysu. It is 316 kilometres (196 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 5,040 square kilometres (1,950 sq mi).
Seongdong-dong, Gyeongju
Seongdong-dong was a dong or a neighbourhood of the Gyeongju City, North Gyeongsang province, South Korea. It was bordered by Dongcheon-dong on the east, Seongnae-dong on the west, Hwango-dong on the south and Yonggang-dong on the north. Its 0.64 square kilometers were home to about 4672 people. It was both an administrative dong and legal dong.

Yonggang-dong, Gyeongju
Yonggang-dong is both an administrative and legal dong or a neighbourhood in the administrative subdivisions of the Gyeongju City, North Gyeongsang province, South Korea. It is bordered by Bukgun-dong on the east, Deoksan-ri of Cheonbuk-myeon on the northeast, Hwangseong-dong and Dongcheon-dong on the south and Geumjang-ri of Hyeongok-myeon on the south. Its 5.06 square kilometers are home to about 15,817 people. It has two elementary schools, a middle school and a high school
Zhangjiawan, Beijing
Zhangjiawan Town (Chinese: 张家湾镇; pinyin: Zhāngjiāwān Zhèn) is a town situated in the north of Tongzhou District, Beijing, China. It shares border with Linheli Subdistrict and Yongshun Town to the north, Lucheng Town to the northeast, Xiji and Kuoxian Towns to the east, Yujiawu Hui Township and Majuqiao Town to the south, Taihu, Liyuan Towns and Wenjing Subdistrict to the west. It was home to 127,992 people in 2020.

During Yuan dynasty, an official named Zhang Xuan (张瑄) was in charge of overseeing transportation through canals. He built a port on the Grand Canal southeast of Khanbaliq, and the region was later named Zhangjiawan (Chinese: 张家湾; lit. 'Zhang Family's Bay')

Linheli Subdistrict
Linheli Subdistrict (Chinese: 临河里街道; pinyin: Línhélǐ Jiēdào) is a subdistrict located on the northwest of Tongzhou District, Beijing. It borders Yuqiao Subdistrict in its north, Yongshun and Zhangjiawan Towns in its east, Liyuan Town in its south, and Jiukeshu Subdistrict in its west.

The subdistrict was formally created on 2020.
Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
The Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University (orig. Новгородский Государственный Университет имени Ярослава Мудрого, НовГУ), also known informally as NovSU, was founded in 1993 by merging the two oldest higher education institutions of Veliky Novgorod: the Pedagogical and Polytechnic Institutes. Later, Novgorod Agricultural Academy was included into the structure of the university. At present it comprises seven Institutes and four Colleges of secondary vocational education.

It is unusual that the Novgorod State University has the name of Prince Yaroslav the Wise incorporated into its title. On the eve of the university's first anniversary, the Prince's personal seal was discovered during archaeological excavations. Academician Yanin considered it a remarkable coincidence and suggested awarding the university the name of the Russian prince.

Veliky Novgorod
Veliky Novgorod (/vəˈliːki ˈnɒvɡərɒd/ ⓘ və-LEE-kee NOV-gə-rod; Russian: Великий Новгород, IPA: [vʲɪˈlʲikʲɪj ˈnovɡərət]; lit. 'Great Newtown'), also known simply as Novgorod (Новгород), is the largest city and administrative centre of Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is one of the oldest cities in Russia, being first mentioned in the 9th century. The city lies along the Volkhov River just downstream from its outflow from Lake Ilmen and is situated on the M10 federal highway connecting Moscow and Saint Petersburg. UNESCO recognized Novgorod as a World Heritage Site in 1992. The city has a population of 224,286 (2021 census).

At its peak during the 14th century, the city was the capital of the Novgorod Republic and was one of Europe's largest cities. The "Великий" (Veliky) part was added to the city's name in 1999.
History of energy
In the history of physics, the history of energy examines the gradual development of energy as a central scientific concept. Classical mechanics was initially understood through the study of motion and force by thinkers like Galileo Galilei and Isaac Newton, the importance of the concept of energy was made clear in the 19th century with the principles of thermodynamics, particularly the conservation of energy which established that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed. In the 20th century Albert Einstein's mass–energy equivalence expanded this understanding by linking mass and energy, and quantum mechanics introduced quantized energy levels. Today, energy is recognized as a fundamental conserved quantity across all domains of physics, underlying both classical and quantum phenomena.

Caloric theory
The caloric theory is a superseded scientific theory that heat consists of a self-repellent fluid called "caloric" that flows from hotter bodies to colder bodies.  Caloric was also thought of as a weightless gas that could pass in and out of pores in solids and liquids. The caloric theory was superseded by the mid-19th century in favor of the mechanical theory of heat, but nevertheless persisted in some scientific literature—particularly in more popular treatments—until the end of the 19th century.
Helderwyk Extension 8
Helderwyk Extension 8 is a township complex comprising multiple apartment buildings, forming a secure and integrated apartment complex. It is located in the town of Brakpan, within Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality, Gauteng, South Africa. It was developed as part of a government housing initiative within the broader Helderwyk Mega Housing Project managed by the Gauteng Provincial Government. It is situated near Carnival City Casino and Carnival Mall. It also situated near major transport routes, like the R554 which connects the southern suburbs of Soweto with Springs in Ekurhuleni via Lenasia, Alberton and Brakpan, the N17 which runs from Johannesburg to Oshoek (Ngwenya) on the border with Eswatini, and the M43 which connects Vosloorus with the Birchleigh suburb of Kempton Park via Boksburg.

Alberton, South Africa
Alberton is a town situated on the southern part of the East Rand of the Gauteng Province in South Africa, just south-east of the major urban centre of Johannesburg.

Alberton is described as a typical suburban community, one which is primarily residential in character, with most of its workers commuting to work in nearby suburbs or cities such as Johannesburg and Germiston.
Kappa Mensae
Kappa Mensae, Latinized from κ Mensae,  is a solitary star in the southern circumpolar constellation Mensa. Its distance of 296 light years based on its parallax shift gives it an apparent magnitude of 5.45, making it faintly visible to the naked eye. However, it is receding from the Sun with a heliocentric radial velocity of 9.5 km/s.

Kappa Mensae has a stellar classification of B9 V, indicating that it is an ordinary B-type main-sequence star. At present it has 3.44 times the mass of the Sun and a diameter of 1.95 R☉. It radiates at 66 times the luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 10,965 K,  giving it a bluish white hue. The star is very young, aged 115 million years, having completed only 33.7% of its main sequence lifetime. Kappa Mensae has a high rate of spin, rotating with a projected rotational velocity of 290 km/s.

B-type main-sequence star
A B-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence (core hydrogen-burning) star of spectral type B. The spectral luminosity class is given as V. These stars have from 2 to 18 times the mass of the Sun and surface temperatures between about 10,000 and 30,000 K.

B-type stars are luminous and blue-white. Their spectra have strong neutral helium absorption lines, which are most prominent at the B2 subclass, and moderately strong hydrogen lines. Examples include Regulus, Algol A and Acrux.
Mike Stojanović
Momčilo "Mike" Stojanović (Serbian Cyrillic: Момчило Мајк Стојановић, Serbian pronunciation: [mǒmtʃilo mǎjk stojǎːnoʋitɕ]; 26 January 1947 – 18 November 2010) was a professional soccer forward most notably playing in the NASL. Born in Yugoslavia, he represented the Canadian national team.

Canadian Soccer Association
The Canadian Soccer Association (French: Association canadienne de soccer; branded as Canada Soccer) is the governing body for soccer in Canada. Headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario, the federation is a full member of FIFA and governs Canadian soccer at the international, professional, and amateur levels, including: the men's and women's national teams, youth organizations, beach soccer, futsal, Paralympic and deaf national teams. The Canadian Soccer Association also administers and operates the Canadian Premier League, the Canadian Championship, and the Futsal Canadian Championship.
Nonsense song
A nonsense song is one written mainly for the purpose of entertainment using nonsense syllables at least in the chorus. Such a song generally has a simple melody and a quick (or fairly quick) tempo and repeating sections.

Nonsense
Nonsense is a form of communication, via speech, writing, or any other formal logic system, that lacks any coherent meaning. In ordinary usage, nonsense is sometimes synonymous with absurdity or the ridiculous. Many poets, novelists and songwriters have used nonsense in their works, often creating entire works using it for reasons ranging from pure comic amusement or satire, to illustrating a point about language or reasoning. In the philosophy of language and philosophy of science, nonsense is distinguished from sense or meaningfulness, and attempts have been made to come up with a coherent and consistent method of distinguishing sense from nonsense. It is also an important field of study in cryptography regarding separating a signal from noise.
The Ultimate Collection (YU Grupa album)
The Ultimate Collection is a double compilation album by Serbian and former Yugoslav rock band YU Grupa.

The album was released in 2009 by Croatia Records, a successor company for Jugoton, which was YU Grupa's record label during the 1972 – 1977 period, and the album features songs from the albums and 7" singles YU Grupa released through Jugoton during this period.

Dragi Jelić
Dragi Jelić (Serbian Cyrillic: Драги Јелић; born 17 May 1947) is a Serbian rock musician. He is best known as the singer and guitarist for the Serbian rock band YU Grupa, which he formed in 1970 with his older brother Žika.

During the 1960s, alongside his brother, Jelić was also a member of the beat band Džentlmeni.
Rawhide Boys Ranch
Rawhide Youth Services is a faith-based non-profit organization established in 1965. Its campus is located south of New London, Wisconsin, in the Town of Caledonia, Waupaca County, Wisconsin, United States. It provides residential programs for at-risk and troubled boys as well as outpatient mental health services dedicated to helping at-risk youth and their families lead healthy, responsible lives.

Waupaca County, Wisconsin
Waupaca County (/wəˈpækə/ ⓘ wə-PAK-ə) is a county  in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 51,812. The county seat is Waupaca. The county was created in 1851 and organized in 1853. It is named after the Waupaca River, a Menominee language name meaning "place of tomorrow seen clearly."
Ocypode nobilii
Ocypode nobilii is a small-sized species of Ocypode found in the Gulf of Thailand, and the Malaysian Peninsula to northern Borneo. They are very similar to O. stimpsoni but they do not share the same distribution range.

Ocypode
Ocypode is a genus of ghost crabs found in the sandy shores of tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world. They have a box-like body, thick and elongated eyestalks, and one claw is larger than the other in both males and females. They inhabit deep burrows in the intertidal zone. They are primarily nocturnal, and are generalist scavengers and predators of small animals. The genus contains 21 species.
Hashim Abderrahman al-Shibli
Hashim Abderrahman al-Shibli (Arabic:هاشم عبد الرحمن الشبلي Hāshim ‘Abd ar-Raḥmān ash-Shiblī) is an Iraqi politician from Baghdad who was the Iraqi Justice Minister from 2006 to 2007 in the government of Nouri al-Maliki. A Sunni Arab, he was elected to the National Assembly of Iraq in December 2005 on the secular Iraqi National List coalition.

Council of Representatives of Iraq
The Council of Representatives is the de facto unicameral legislature of Iraq. According to the Constitution of Iraq, it is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of the country. The Federation Council is the unconvened de jure upper house.

As of 2020, the Council of Representatives comprises 329 seats and meets in Baghdad inside the Green Zone.
Ricardo Odnoposoff
Ricardo Odnoposoff (February 24, 1914 – October 26, 2004) was a Jewish Argentine-Austrian-American violinist of the 20th century. He was a former concertmaster of the Vienna State Opera and Vienna Philharmonic. He was dismissed on September 1, 1938, because he was unable to produce an Ariernachweis (Aryan certificate). He eventually became a citizen of the United States.

Concertmaster
The concertmaster (from the German Konzertmeister), first chair (US) or leader (UK) is the principal first violin player in an orchestra, or the principal clarinetist or oboist in a concert band. After the conductor, the concertmaster is the most significant leader in an orchestra, symphonic band or other musical ensemble.
Primitive ventricle
The primitive ventricle or embryonic ventricle of the developing heart, together with the bulbus cordis that lies in front of it, gives rise to the left and right ventricles.  The primitive ventricle provides the trabeculated parts of the walls, and the bulbus cordis the smooth parts.

The primitive ventricle becomes divided by the septum inferius which develops into the interventricular septum. The septum grows upward from the lower part of the ventricle, at a position marked on the heart's surface by a furrow.

Its dorsal part increases more rapidly than its ventral portion, and fuses with the dorsal part of the septum intermedium.

For a time an interventricular foramen exists above its ventral portion, but this foramen is ultimately closed by the fusion of the aortic septum with the ventricular septum.

Septum intermedium
Endocardial cushions project into the atrial canal, and, meeting in the middle line, unite to form the septum intermedium which divides the canal into two channels, the future right and left atrioventricular orifices.
Salvia deserta
Salvia deserta (the Tartarian sage) is a perennial plant that is native to Xinjiang province in China, and the countries of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. It grows in wastelands, sandy grasslands, and along streams in forests at  elevations from 300 to 1,800 m (980 to 5,910 ft).

Salvia deserta grows on erect stems to 70 cm (28 in) tall, with ovate to lanceolate-ovate leaves. Inflorescences are 4-6 flowered verticillasters in elongated terminal racemes or panicles, with a blue-purple to purple corolla that is 9 to 10 mm (0.35 to 0.39 in) long. It is very closely related to Salvia nemorosa, and is distinguished by having purple-red bracts.

Salvia nemorosa
Salvia nemorosa, the woodland sage, Balkan clary, blue sage or wild sage, is a hardy herbaceous perennial plant native to a wide area of central Europe and Western Asia.

It is an attractive plant that is easy to grow and propagate, with the result that it has been passed around by gardeners for many years. Its wide distribution, long history, and the ease with which it hybridizes have resulted in many cultivars and hybrids—along with problems in clearly identifying the hybrids and their relationship with S. nemorosa. It was named and described by Carl Linnaeus in 1762, with nemorosa ("of woods") referring to its typical habitat in groves and woods.

In northern Britain, Salvia nemorosa and Salvia pratensis are both in danger of disappearing due to depredation from slugs.
Kumaso Province
Kumaso Province or Land of Kumaso (熊曽国, Kumaso no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [kɯꜜ.ma.so (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was the name of Hyūga Province on the island of Kyushu in the Kojiki.  Its boundaries are within Miyazaki Prefecture.

Hyūga Province
Hyūga Province (日向国, Hyūga no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [çɯꜜː.ɡa (no kɯ.ɲi), çɯꜜː.ŋa-]) was a province of Japan in the area of southeastern Kyushu, corresponding to modern Miyazaki Prefecture Hyūga bordered on Ōsumi to the south, Higo to the west, and Bungo to the north. Its abbreviated form name was Kōshū (向州), although it was also called Nisshū (日州). In terms of the Gokishichidō system, Hyūga was one of the provinces of the Saikaidō circuit. Under the Engishiki classification system, Hyūga was ranked as one of the "middle countries" (中国) in terms of importance, and one of the "far countries" (遠国) in terms of distance from the capital.
Albufera sauce
Albufera sauce (French: sauce Albuféra) is a daughter sauce of French cuisine. It is based on a suprême sauce, which itself derives from the mother sauce velouté.

Escoffier shares a recipe in Le Guide culinaire which consists of a base of suprême sauce to which is added meat glaze in order to lend the latter an ivory-white tint which characterizes it. It is served chiefly with poultry and  sweetbreads. Louis Gabriel Suchet (1770–1826), one of Napoleon's generals and Marshal of France for a time, was named duc d'Albufera after a lake near Valencia, Spain, to mark his victory there during the Peninsular War. Marie-Antoine Carême created several dishes in the duke's honor, including duck, beef, and the sauce that accompanies this chicken.

French mother sauces
In French cuisine, the mother sauces (French: sauces mères, pronounced [sos mɛʁ]), also known as grandes sauces (pronounced [ɡʁɑ̃d sos]) in French, are a group of sauces upon which many other sauces – "daughter sauces" or petites sauces – are based. Different classifications of mother sauces have been proposed since at least the early 19th century.
Andrew Bell (minister)
Andrew Bell (5 September 1803 – 27 September 1856) was a Presbyterian minister who was born in London, England, moved to Scotland and emigrated to Upper Canada with his family in 1817.

Bell and his family settled at Perth where his father was a minister. He studied under his father until 1823 and then pursued divinity courses in Scotland. He returned to Upper Canada in 1826, his formal studies not completed.

Bell had a successful career within the Presbyterian Church. However, some of his most important contributions to Canada came through his hobby, geology. He served on an advisory committee of the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada where he helped shape the work of the Geological Survey of Canada and, more particularly, the work of William Edmond Logan, who had helped establish that body. His son, Robert Bell, became the director of the survey at a later date.

Geological Survey of Canada
The Geological Survey of Canada (GSC; French: Commission géologique du Canada, CGC) is a Canadian federal government agency responsible for performing geological surveys of the country developing Canada's natural resources and protecting the environment. A branch of the Geoscience and Earth Monitoring Sector of Natural Resources Canada, the GSC is the country's oldest scientific agency and was one of its first government organizations.
Style UK
Style UK was a television channel carried on Showtime Arabia's satellite service for the Middle East, North Africa, and the Levant territories.

Similar to BBC Prime and Granada UKTV, it carried British entertainment programming from ITV, Channel 4 and the BBC, including Parkinson, The Bill, Father Ted and My Family.

On 1 April 2007, Showtime dropped the channel from their line-up and replaced it with a new channel called Series 2. Showtime stated that the new channel would be similar in content to UK Style.

Showtime Arabia
Showtime Arabia was Showtime Networks pay television service in the Middle East and North Africa. It was a joint venture between Kuwaiti holding company KIPCO (79% stake) and American media firm Viacom Inc. (21% stake). The company was incorporated in the Cayman Islands and had its headquarters at Dubai Media City in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

Showtime Arabia was one of three Pay TV networks in the Middle East and North Africa, it offered motion pictures, sporting events and original content, some of which was localized. It had the exclusive rights to broadcast the Barclays Premier League in the Middle East and North Africa. On 12 July 2009, the company announced a merger with competitor Orbit Communications Company to form Orbit Showtime Network (OSN).