hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Irreligion in Nepal
Irreligion in Nepal is the extent of irreligion, or lack, indifference to or rejection of religious faith in the country. Hinduism in Nepal is the predominant faith, and irreligious people seemingly form a minority in Nepal. However, this is due to "irreligion" not being an option in the Nepalese census which has historically led to an underrepresentation of atheist and agnostic groups in Nepal.

Irreligion
Irreligion is the absence or rejection of religious beliefs or practices. It encompasses a wide range of viewpoints drawn from various philosophical and intellectual perspectives, including atheism, agnosticism, religious skepticism, rationalism, secularism, and non-religious spirituality. These perspectives can vary, with individuals who identify as irreligious holding diverse beliefs about religion and its role in their lives.

Relatively little scholarly research was published on irreligion until around the year 2010.
Gustav Schwartz
Gustav Schwartz (his last name also spelled Schwarz), full name Gustav Franziskus Maria Schwarz von Mohrenstern (May 5, 1809 – June 15, 1890) was an Austrian paleontologist and malacologist. He was born in Himberg, the son of Johann Jakov Schwartz von Mohrenstern. He died by suicide in Vienna.

He studied the natural sciences from 1823 to 1828 at polytechnic school, an Austrian career preparatory high school system in the Austrian education system. In later life, he specialized in the study of the Rissoidae, a large and challenging family of very small marine gastropod mollusks. His unfinished thesis was on the rissoid genus Alvania.

In 1867, Schwartz was a correspondent of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University
The Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, formerly the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, is the oldest natural science research institution and museum in the Americas. It was founded in 1812, by many of the leading naturalists of the young American republic with an expressed mission of "the encouragement and cultivation of the sciences". It has sponsored expeditions, conducted original environmental and systematics research, and amassed natural history collections containing more than 17 million specimens. The Academy also organizes public exhibits and educational programs for both schools and the general public.
Helen Wardlaw
Helen Wardlaw (born 11 October 1982) is an English former cricketer who played for Yorkshire between 2000 and 2007.  A right-handed batter and right-arm off break bowler, she made her international debut for England in 2002, and played in three Test matches and seven One Day Internationals.

In March 2013, she relocated to Melbourne, Australia. She umpired for the Bendigo District Cricket Association in 2017. More recently she was working as a police constable in Daylesford, Victoria.

Women's Test cricket
Women's Test cricket is the longest format of women's cricket and is the female equivalent to men's Test cricket. Matches comprise four-innings and are held over a maximum of four days between two of the leading cricketing nations. The rules governing the format differ little from those for the men's game, with differences generally being technicalities surrounding umpiring and field size.

The first women's Test match was played by England women and Australia women in December 1934, a three-day contest held in Brisbane which England won by nine wickets. A total of 149 Women's Test matches have been played. Far fewer matches are played each year in favour of Women's One Day Internationals and Women's Twenty20 Internationals, with the international calendar revolving around the shorter formats of the game.
2013 Kunming Challenger
The 2013 Kunming Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2013 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Kunming, China between 6 and 12 May 2013.

John-Patrick Smith
John-Patrick Tracey "JP" Smith (born 24 January 1989) is an Australian professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He reached his highest ATP singles ranking of world No. 108 on 28 September 2015 and his highest doubles ranking of No. 39 on 2 February 2026.

Smith reached the finals of the 2019 Australian Open mixed doubles alongside fellow Australian Astra Sharma and of the 2025 Australian Open mixed doubles alongside another compatriot Kimberly Birrell.
The Grascals (album)
The Grascals is the debut album of the American bluegrass music group The Grascals, released by Rounder Records in early 2005. Dolly Parton does a guest spot on the song "Viva Las Vegas". This album also launched The Grascals career, winning them Song of the Year and Emerging Artist of the Year. Also, winning them a nomination for Album of the year. This album also earned them a Grammy nomination in Best Bluegrass Album of the Year, losing to the Del McCoury Band. This album also debuted at number 3 on the Billboard Bluegrass Charts.

Rounder Records
Rounder Records is an independent record label founded in 1970 in Somerville, Massachusetts, by Marian Leighton Levy, Ken Irwin, and Bill Nowlin. Focused on American roots music, Rounder's catalogue of more than 3000 titles includes records by Alison Krauss and Union Station, George Thorogood, Tony Rice, and Béla Fleck, in addition to re-releases of seminal albums by artists including Carter Family, Jelly Roll Morton, Lead Belly, and Woody Guthrie. "Championing and preserving the music of artists whose music falls outside of the mainstream," Rounder releases have won 54 Grammy Awards representing diverse genres, from bluegrass, folk, reggae, and gospel to pop, rock, Americana, polka, and world music. Acquired by Concord in 2010, Rounder is based in Nashville. In 2016, the founders of Rounder (Levy, Irwin and Nowlin) were inducted into the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame.
C. Walter Nichols
Charles Walter "Walt" Nichols (June 19, 1875 – April 26, 1963), was an American industrialist who, with his father, William H. Nichols, helped organize the merger of 12 companies in 1899 to create General Chemical, which in 1921 joined four other companies to form Allied Chemical & Dye Corporation, a precursor to AlliedSignal, now owned by Honeywell as its specialty materials business. Walt Nichols, who served as a vice president and general manager at General Chemical and later Allied, also acquired the land and built what is now known at Pleasantdale Chateau in West Orange, New Jersey.

He collaborated on the Thomas Garrigue Masaryk Washington declaration in October 1918.

West Orange, New Jersey
West Orange is a suburban township in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 48,843, an increase of 2,636 (+5.7%) from the 2010 census count of 46,207, which in turn reflected an increase of 1,264 (+2.8%) from the 44,943 counted in the 2000 census.

West Orange is both an inner-ring suburb of New Jersey's largest city, Newark, and a commuter suburb of New York City; it is approximately 12 miles (19 km) west of Manhattan. West Orange was home to the inventor Thomas Edison, who also maintained a laboratory and workshop in town.
Heok Hui Tan
Heok Hui Tan is a Singaporean ichthyologist at the Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum of the National University of Singapore. Dr. Tan's main interest lies in the systematics of Southeast Asian freshwater fishes, encompassing taxonomy, ecology and biogeography. His primary areas of research focus on neglected and de novo habitats such as peat swamp forests, swamp forests, and rapids.

As of 2018, Tan has authored two species of Osphronemidae (Luciocephalus aura and Betta pi).

Freshwater fish
Freshwater fish are fish species that spend some or all of their lives in bodies of fresh water such as rivers, lakes, ponds and inland wetlands, where the salinity is less than 1.05%. These environments differ from marine habitats in many ways, especially the difference in levels of osmolarity. To survive in fresh water, fish need a range of physiological adaptations.

41.24% of all known species of fish are found in fresh water. This is primarily due to the rapid speciation that the scattered habitats make possible. When dealing with ponds and lakes, one might use the same basic models of speciation as when studying island biogeography.
Misunderstood (1983 film)
Misunderstood is a 1983 American drama film directed by Jerry Schatzberg, based on the 1869 novel Misunderstood by Florence Montgomery. This film stars Henry Thomas as a young boy who struggles with family, friends, and relationships after his mother's death.

The novel Misunderstood had previously been adapted by Luigi Comencini as the 1966 Italian film Incompreso which starred Anthony Quayle.

Anthony Quayle
Sir John Anthony Quayle (7 September 1913 – 20 October 1989) was a British actor. He was nominated for an Oscar and a Golden Globe for his supporting role as Thomas Wolsey in the film Anne of the Thousand Days (1969). He also played important roles in such major studio productions as The Guns of Navarone (1961), Lawrence of Arabia (1962), The Fall of the Roman Empire (1964), Operation Crossbow (1965), QB VII (1974) and The Eagle Has Landed (1976). Quayle was knighted in the 1985 New Year Honours.
2000 Hong Kong legislative election in New Territories East
These are the New Territories East results of the 2000 Hong Kong legislative election. The election was held on 10 September 2000 and all 5 seats in New Territories East where consisted of North District, Tai Po District, Sai Kung District and Sha Tin District were contested. The Democratic Party gained one new seat with Wong Sing-chi, as Cyd Ho of The Frontier ran in Hong Kong Island.

North District, Hong Kong
North District (Chinese: 北區) is the northernmost district of the 18 districts of Hong Kong. It is located in the northeastern part of the New Territories. The new town of Fanling–Sheung Shui is within this district. It had a population of 298,657 in 2001. The district has the second lowest population density in Hong Kong.

It borders with Shenzhen city with the Sham Chun River. Most major access points to mainland China from Hong Kong lie in this district. The North District is about 168 km2 (65 sq mi) in area.
Gag
A gag is usually an item or device designed to prevent speech, often as a restraint device to stop the subject from calling for help and keep its wearer silent. This is usually done by blocking the mouth, partially or completely, or attempting to prevent the tongue, lips, or jaw from moving in the normal patterns of speech. The more "effective" a gag appears to be, the more hazardous it is. For example duct tape is a fairly effective method of keeping a person's mouth shut but can be hazardous if the subject cannot breathe freely through the nose (for example if they have the common cold). For this reason, a gagged person should never be left alone.

The use of gags is commonly depicted in soap operas and crime fiction, particularly in comics, novels and films.

Courts have been known to gag certain people, such as the civil rights activist Bobby Seale. This practice has been criticized as inhumane.

Human mouth
In human anatomy, the mouth is the first portion of the alimentary canal that receives food and produces saliva. The oral mucosa is the mucous membrane epithelium lining the inside of the mouth.

In addition to its primary role as the beginning of the digestive system, the mouth also plays a significant role in communication. While primary aspects of the voice are produced in the throat, the tongue, lips, and jaw are also needed to produce the range of sounds included in speech.

The mouth consists of two regions, the vestibule and the oral cavity proper. The mouth, normally moist, is lined with a mucous membrane, and contains the teeth.  The lips mark the transition from mucous membrane to skin, which covers most of the body.
David Nelson (Utah activist)
David Keith Nelson (April 7, 1962 – June 11, 2024) was an American LGBT and gun rights activist. He founded or helped found several LGBTQ-related nonprofit organizations in Utah and helped direct others. His work with the Democratic Party encouraged many LGBTQ Utahns to serve as party leaders. His work as a legislative and executive lobbyist accomplished the adoption of several LGBTQ- and weapon-friendly state and local laws, rules, ordinances and policies, and the rejection of other legislation.

Libertarian Democrat
In American politics, a libertarian Democrat is a member of the Democratic Party with political views that are relatively libertarian compared to the views of the national party.

While other factions of the Democratic Party, such as the Blue Dog Coalition, the New Democrat Coalition and the Congressional Progressive Caucus, are organized in the Congress, the libertarian faction is not organized in such a way.
Zbyněk Novák
Zbyněk Novák (born July 23, 1983) is a Czech former professional ice hockey forward.

Novák played 43 games in the Czech Extraliga for HC Slavia Praha between 2001 and 2003. He was drafted 191st overall by the Washington Capitals in the 2001 NHL Entry Draft but he remained in the Czech Republic throughout his career.

Novák represented the Czech Republic at junior level, playing in the 2001 IIHF World U18 Championships and the 2003 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.

2001 IIHF World U18 Championships
The 2001 IIHF World U18 Championships were held in Heinola, Helsinki, and Lahti, Finland. The championships ran between April 12 and April 22, 2001. Games were played at the Heinolan Jäähalli in Heinola, the Helsinki Ice Hall in Helsinki, and the Lahden Jäähalli in Lahti. Russia defeated Switzerland 6–2 in the final to win the gold medal, with Finland defeating the Czech Republic 2–1 to capture the bronze medal.
Phalanta eurytis
Phalanta eurytis, the forest leopard, forest leopard fritillary, or African leopard fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in tropical Africa, Ethiopia, and Sudan.

The wingspan is 40–45 mm for males and 43–48 mm for females. Adults are on wing year round with a peak from January to June.  It is similar to Phalanta phalantha in appearance but the marginal line of the forewing is unbroken. The male is a deeper orange color and the female is a dull pale orange.

The larvae feed on Dovyalis rhamnoides, Dovyalis caffra, Populus, Trimeria, Maytenus, Salix, Homalium, Ixora, and Theobroma cacao.

Maytenus
Maytenus /ˈmeɪtɛnəs/ is a genus of flowering plants in the family Celastraceae. Members of the genus are distributed throughout Central and South America, Southeast Asia, Micronesia, and Australasia, the Indian Ocean and Africa. They grow in a very wide variety of climates, from tropical to subpolar. The traditional circumscription of Maytenus was paraphyletic, so many species have been transferred to Denhamia and Gymnosporia.
Varblane
Varblane is an Estonian surname meaning sparrow.

The surname and its variants, Warblanne, Warblene, Wärblane, were given to villagers at the beginning of the 19th century after the serfdom was abolished in Estonia. Before that Estonian peasants did not have surnames. Since the surname is of Estonian origin, it did not undergo the change during the Estonization campaign in the interwar period.

Notable people with the surname include:

Indrek Varblane (born 1958), Estonian volleyball player

Hannes Varblane (1949–2022), Estonian poet

Lembitu Varblane (1923–2013), Estonian teacher

Mihkel Varblane (born 1999), Estonian volleyball player

Reet Varblane (1952–2023), Estonian art historian

Urmas Varblane (born 1961), Estonian economist

Old World sparrow
Old World sparrows are groups of small passerine birds forming the family Passeridae. They are also known as true sparrows, a name which is also used for a particular genus of the family Passer. They are distinct from both the New World sparrows of the family Passerellidae and from a few other birds such as the Java sparrow of the family Estrildidae sharing their name. Many species nest on buildings and the house and Eurasian tree sparrows, in particular, inhabit cities in large numbers. They are primarily seed-eaters, though they also consume small insects. Some species scavenge for food around cities and  like pigeons or gulls, will eat small quantities of a diversity of items.
Catalina Edwards
Catalina Edwards (born October 26, 1976, in Viña del Mar) is a Chilean journalist. She is currently a news anchor on Ahora Noticias and a panelist on Mucho Gusto, both television shows on the Mega channel.

Her comments on air about the Chilean pension system caused controversy on July 25, 2016.

Mega (Chilean TV network)
Red Televisiva Megavisión S.A., commonly known as Mega, is a Chilean free-to-air television network owned by Mega Media, a Bethia holding company. It began its transmissions on 23 October 1990 as the first private television network in the country on channel 9 in Santiago, replacing Señal 2 of Televisión Nacional de Chile. The station is a member of the Asociación Nacional de Televisión and Organización de Telecomunicaciónes de Iberoamérica, and is part of the Alianza Informativa Latinoamericana
My My, Hey Hey (Out of the Blue)
"My My, Hey Hey (Out of the Blue)" is a song by Canadian musician Neil Young. An acoustic song, it was recorded live in early 1978 at the Boarding House in San Francisco, California. Combined with its hard rock counterpart "Hey Hey, My My (Into the Black)", it bookends Young's 1979 album Rust Never Sleeps. Inspired by electropunk group Devo, the rise of punk and what Young viewed as his own growing irrelevance, the song significantly revitalized Young's career.

The line "it's better to burn out than to fade away" was taken from one of the songs of Young's bandmate in the short-lived supergroup The Ducks, Jeff Blackburn. It became infamous after being quoted in Nirvana frontman Kurt Cobain's suicide note. Young later said that he was so shaken that he dedicated his 1994 album Sleeps with Angels to Cobain.

Electronic rock
Electronic rock (also known as synth rock and electro rock) is a music genre that involves a combination of rock music and electronic music, featuring instruments typically found within both genres. It originates from the late 1960s when rock bands began incorporating electronic instrumentation into their music. Electronic rock acts usually fuse elements from other music styles, including punk rock, industrial rock, hip hop, techno and synth-pop, which has helped spur subgenres such as indietronica, dance-punk and electroclash.
Ethan Ryan
Ethan Ryan (born 12 May 1996) is an Ireland international rugby league footballer who plays as a wing, centre or fullback for Bradford Bulls in the Super League.

He previously played for Oldham RLFC in the Championship and League 1.

RFL League One
The Rugby Football League's League One (known as the Betfred League One) was the third-highest division of rugby league in Britain. It was also the lowest level of professional rugby league in Britain.

Introduced in 2003 as National League 2 it was the first time British rugby league had a third tier since the old Third and Second Divisions merged  in 1998. The league was rebranded as Championship 1 in 2009, then League 1 in 2015, and League One in 2022.

The league was disbanded at the conclusion of 2025 due to the merger of the Championship and League One for the 2026 season.
Huey Long (film)
Huey Long is an American documentary film on the life and career of the politician Huey Long. It was directed by Ken Burns, and produced by Ken Burns and Richard Kilberg in 1985. The film first aired on October 15, 1986. The film includes interviews with Russell B. Long, author Robert Penn Warren, and political contemporary and opponent Cecil Morgan. It was narrated by the historian David McCullough.

Robert Penn Warren
Robert Penn Warren (April 24, 1905 – September 15, 1989) was an American poet, novelist, literary critic and professor at Yale University.  He was one of the founders of New Criticism. He was also a charter member of the Fellowship of Southern Writers. He founded the literary journal The Southern Review with Cleanth Brooks in 1935. He received the 1947 Pulitzer Prize for the Novel for All the King's Men (1946) and the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1958 and 1979. He is the only person to have won Pulitzer Prizes for both fiction and poetry. Yale awarded Warren an honorary Doctor of Letters degree in 1973.
1956 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1956 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 68th staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The championship ended on 14 October 1956.

St. Finbarr's entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 14 October 1956, Blackrock won the championship following a 2–10 to 2–02 defeat of Glen Rovers in the final. This was their 22nd championship title overall and their first title since 1931.

Pat Healy was the championship's top scorer with 8-03.

Glen Rovers GAA
Glen Rovers is a Cork-based Gaelic Athletic Association club based in Blackpool, Cork, Ireland. The club was founded in 1916 and is primarily concerned with the game of hurling. They have been historically part of the Big Three of Cork hurling along with city rivals Blackrock and St Finbarr's.
When Women Kill
When Women Kill is a 1983 documentary film directed by Academy Award winner Lee Grant. The film explores life inside several women's prisons across the United States and the circumstances that led to the incarceration of a variety of inmates. Originally aired on HBO, the film is notable for its sympathetic, if level headed treatment of its characters. The film features women incarcerated for crimes ranging from drug use to first degree murder. A portion of the film follows Manson Family member Leslie Van Houten. Grant has spoken at length about the Manson family and the murder of her Valley of the Dolls co-star Sharon Tate.

Valley of the Dolls (film)
Valley of the Dolls is a 1967 American drama film directed by Mark Robson and produced by David Weisbart, based on Jacqueline Susann's 1966 novel. The film stars Barbara Parkins, Patty Duke, and Sharon Tate as three young women who become friends as they struggle to forge careers in the entertainment industry. As their careers take different paths, all three descend into barbiturate addiction. Susan Hayward, Paul Burke, and Lee Grant co-star.

Valley of the Dolls was released by 20th Century Fox on December 15, 1967. The film received mixed-to-negative reviews from critics, but became a box office success and one of the studio's highest-grossing films. In the decades since its release, it has attracted a passionate cult following.
Michael Golay
Michael Golay (born ) is an American author and former journalist. He is most known for his book A Ruined Land: The End of the Civil War, which was a finalist for the prestigious Lincoln Prize. He currently lives with his wife, Julie Quinn, in Exeter, New Hampshire, where he teaches history at Phillips Exeter Academy. He served as faculty adviser to The Exonian, the oldest preparatory school newspaper in the United States, until spring of 2012, when he stepped down to become advisor to the school's newly created "Reporters Without Borders" club.

Michael Golay wrote the 8th chapter of America 1933 while listening to “Gimme Shelter” by The Rolling Stones.

The Exonian
The Exonian is the weekly student-run newspaper of Phillips Exeter Academy in Exeter, New Hampshire. It has been printed continuously since April 6, 1878, making it the oldest continuously-published preparatory school newspaper in the country. It is published every Thursday by its student board and is subject to limited faculty censorship. Many parents and alumni hold subscriptions to the paper, which acts as a forum for the ideas of the Exeter community and prints extensive news, investigative, opinion, sports, and feature articles. In 2011, the newspaper became available to all students free of cost.