hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stare Skoszewy
Stare Skoszewy [ˈstarɛ skɔˈʂɛvɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowosolna, within Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 14 km (9 mi) north-east of the regional capital Łódź. It is located in Łęczyca Land.

Skoszewy was a private town, administratively located in the Brzeziny County in the Łęczyca Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland.

Greater Poland Province, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
Greater Poland Province (Polish: Prowincja Wielkopolska) was an administrative division of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland from 1569 until 1795. The name of the province comes from the historic land of Greater Poland.

The Greater Poland Province consisted initially of twelve voivodeships (after 1768 thirteen voivodeships) and one duchy:

Brześć Kujawski Voivodeship

Chełmno Voivodeship

Gniezno Voivodeship, est. in 1768

Inowrocław Voivodeship

Kalisz Voivodeship

Łęczyca Voivodeship

Malbork Voivodeship

Masovian Voivodeship

Płock Voivodeship

Pomeranian Voivodeship

Poznań Voivodeship

Rawa Voivodeship

Sieradz Voivodeship

Prince-Bishopric of Warmia

The location of the Crown Tribunal for the Greater Poland Province (the highest appeal court of the province) was Piotrków Trybunalski, and after the Convocation Sejm (1764) also Poznań and Bydgoszcz.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 61
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 61 (P. Oxy. 61) is a notice of the payment of a fine, written in Greek. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. It was discovered by Grenfell and Hunt in 1897 in Oxyrhynchus. The document was written on 18 November 221. Currently it is housed in the Cambridge University Library (MS Add.4037) in Cambridge. The text was published by Grenfell and Hunt in 1898.

The letter was written by strategus Aurelius Sarapion to the government bank at Oxyrhynchus. The measurements of the fragment are 221 by 84 mm.

Strategos
Strategos (pl.  strategoi), also known by its Latinised form strategus, is a Greek term meaning 'military general'. In the Hellenistic world and in the Byzantine Empire, the term also described a military governor. In the modern Hellenic Army, it is the highest officer rank.
Saint-Basile, Ardèche
Saint-Basile (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ bazil]; Occitan: Sant Basile) is a commune in the Ardèche department in southern France.  The commune consists of four hamlets: Saint-Basile, Mounens, Laprans, and Cluac.  A castle in the commune is owned by French comedian Yves Lecoq.

Ardèche
Ardèche (French pronunciation: [aʁdɛʃ] ⓘ; Occitan: Ardecha, pronounced [aɾˈdet͡ʃɔ]; Arpitan: Ardecha) is a department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Southeastern France. It is named after the river Ardèche and had a population of 328,278 as of 2019. Its prefecture is in Privas, but its largest city is Annonay.
The Iron Shroud
"The Iron Shroud" or less commonly known as the "Italian Revenge" is a short story of Gothic fiction written by William Mudford in 1830 and published in Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine and also as a twenty four page chapbook.
It is a classic predicament story about a noble Italian hero who is confined in a continuously and  imperceptibly contracting iron torture chamber. In the story, the chamber walls and ceiling  are slowly contracting, day by day, through mechanical means, to the point of eventually crushing and enveloping the victim, thus metaphorically becoming his iron shroud. The story is considered to have provided Edgar Allan Poe with the idea of the shrinking cell in his short story "The Pit and the Pendulum" and it is viewed as Mudford's most famous tale.

Chapbook
A chapbook is a type of small printed booklet that was a popular medium for street literature throughout early modern Europe. Chapbooks were usually produced cheaply, illustrated with crude woodcuts and printed on a single sheet folded into 8, 12, 16, or 24 pages, sometimes bound with a saddle stitch. Printers provided chapbooks on credit to chapmen, who sold them both from door to door and at markets and fairs, then paying for the stock they sold. The tradition of chapbooks emerged during the 16th century as printed books were becoming affordable, with the medium ultimately reaching its height of popularity during the 17th and 18th centuries. Various ephemera and popular or folk literature were published as chapbooks, such as almanacs, children's literature, folklore, ballads, nursery rhymes, pamphlets, poetry, and political and religious tracts. The term chapbook remains in use by publishers to refer to short, inexpensive booklets.
Ed Byrne (comedian)
Edward Cathal Byrne (born 16 April 1972) is an Irish actor and comedian. He has presented the British television shows Just for Laughs and Uncut! Best Unseen Ads, has been a guest on numerous television panel games and has appeared on a number of television cooking shows.

Panel show
A panel show or panel game is a radio or television game show in which a panel of celebrities participate. Celebrity panelists may compete with each other, such as on The News Quiz; facilitate play by non-celebrity contestants, such as on Match Game and Blankety Blank; or do both, such as on Wait Wait Don't Tell Me. The genre can be traced to 1938, when Information Please debuted on American radio. The earliest known television panel show is Play the Game, a charades show in 1946. The modern trend of comedy panel shows can find early roots with Stop Me If You've Heard This One in 1939 and Can You Top This? in 1940. While panel shows were more popular in the past in the U.S., they are still very common in the United Kingdom.
Xinshi, Ziyang
Xinshi (Chinese: 新市; pinyin: Xīnshì; lit. 'new city') is a town under the administration of Jianyang City in northern Sichuan, People's Republic of China, located about 6 to 7 kilometres (3.7 to 4.3 mi) southeast of downtown Jianyang on the southern (right) bank of the Tuo River and is served by China National Highway 321. As of 2011, it has one residential community (社区) and 34 villages under its administration.

Tuo River
The Tuo River (Chinese: 沱江; pinyin: Tuó Jiāng) is 655-kilometer (407 mi)-long river in Sichuan province of southern China.

The Tuo River is one of the major tributaries of the upper Yangtze River (Chang Jiang).
Royal Queensland Golf Club
The Royal Queensland Golf Club is a golf club and course at the end of Curtin West Avenue, Eagle Farm, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Located beside the Brisbane River is a 10-minute drive from the Brisbane CBD. It has hosted the Australian Open three times: in 1947, 1966, and 1973.

Brisbane central business district
The Brisbane central business district (CBD), officially Brisbane City, is the central suburb and central business district of Brisbane, the state capital of  Queensland, Australia. It is also colloquially referred to as the "CBD", "the city", or simply "town". The CBD is located on a point on the northern bank of the Brisbane River, historically known as Meanjin, Mianjin  or Meeanjin in the local Yuggera dialect. The triangular-shaped peninsula is bounded by the median of the Brisbane River to the east, south and west. The point, known at its tip as Gardens Point, slopes upward to the north-west where the city is bounded by parkland and the inner city suburb of Spring Hill to the north. The CBD is bounded to the north-east by the suburb of Fortitude Valley. To the west the CBD is bounded by Milton, Petrie Terrace, and Kelvin Grove.

In the 2021 census, the suburb of Brisbane City had a population of 12,587 people.
Varattupallam Dam
11°40′32″N 77°33′29″E﻿ / ﻿11.6754665°N 77.5581358°E﻿ / 11.6754665; 77.5581358

Varattupallam Dam is an artificial dam constructed in hills 12 km (7.5 mi) from Anthiyur in the Erode District. This dam irrigates nearby areas. A mountain road from Anthiyur leads to Kollegal.  Storage capacity of this reservoir is 1.39 TMC. This is the one of place who Hits 1200 MM rain in erode district. with canals and tanks that have ayacut areas totalling about 5,500 acres water holding capacity

Kollegal
Kollegal (or Kollegala) is the Major taluk in the Chamarajanagara District of Karnataka State in the south of India. Kollegala is well known for its silk industry which attracts traders from all over the state.
Tiger Shark (Marvel Comics)
Tiger Shark (Todd Arliss) is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Roy Thomas and artist John Buscema, the character first appeared in Prince Namor, the Sub-Mariner #5 (September 1968). Todd Arliss is a recurring antagonist of the antihero Namor. His powers come from both the DNA of Namor and shark DNA. He is also known under the codename Tiger Shark.

First appearance
In comic books and other stories with a long history, first appearance refers to the first issue to feature a fictional character. These issues are often highly valued by collectors due to their rarity and iconic status.
Kwara State Polytechnic
Kwara State Polytechnic is a Nigerian tertiary institution that was established in 1973 by the then Military Governor of Kwara State Col. David Bamigboye after the decision to establish a polytechnic in Kwara State was announced in 1971. It is located in Ilorin, the capital of Kwara State.

Vision

To be the foremost provider of Technological and Entrepreneurial skills.

Mission

Teach, impart and foster the highest level of intellectual development and provide services to humanity through the exploration of available scientific and research methods.

Institute of technology
An institute of technology (also referred to as technological/technology university/college, technical university/college, university/college of technology, polytechnic university) is an institution of tertiary education that specializes in engineering, technology, applied science, and natural sciences.
Daulatpur, Manikganj
Daulatpur is a town in Daulatpur Upazila of Manikganj District in the Dhaka Division of central Bangladesh. The town is best known for being hit by the deadliest tornado in world history, the Daulatpur–Saturia tornado, which killed hundreds of people.

Dhaka Division
Dhaka Division (Bengali: ঢাকা বিভাগ, romanized: Ḍhaka Bibhag) is an administrative division of Bangladesh. Dhaka serves as the capital city of Dhaka Division, the Dhaka District and Bangladesh. The division remains a population magnet, and covers an area of 20,508.8 km2 with a population in excess of 44 million, it is one of the fastest growing populous administrative divisions of the world, growing at a rate of 1.94% since prior count, compared with the national average of 1.22%. However, national figures may include data skewing expatriation of male labor force as gender ratio is skewed towards females.

Dhaka Division borders every other division in the country except Rangpur Division. It is bounded by Mymensingh Division to the north, Barisal Division to the south, Chittagong Division to the east and south-east, Sylhet Division to the north-east, and Rajshahi Division to the west and Khulna Divisions to the south-west.
Kristie Fiegen
Kristie Fiegen is a Republican politician from South Dakota and Vice Chairman of the South Dakota Public Utilities Commission.  From 1994 to 2001, she served in the South Dakota House of Representatives.

South Dakota House of Representatives
The South Dakota House of Representatives is the lower house of the South Dakota Legislature. It consists of 70 members, two from each legislative district. Two of the state's 35 legislative districts, Districts 26 and 28, are each subdivided into two single-member districts (26A/26B and 28A/28B). The South Dakota House of Representatives meets at the South Dakota State Capitol in Pierre.
Ding Dong, Texas
Ding Dong is an unincorporated community in Central Texas, United States. According to the Handbook of Texas, it had a population of 22 in 2000. It is located within the Killeen–Temple metropolitan area.

Lampasas River
The Lampasas River (/læmˈpæsəs/ lam-PASS-əs) is a river in the U.S. state of Texas. It originates near the city of Hamilton and travels southeast for about 84 miles through Lampasas, Burnet, and Bell Counties in central Texas.

After the first 75 miles it enters Stillhouse Hollow Lake, a man-made reservoir. The river continues for nine miles after the lake to converge with the Leon River near Belton, forming the Little River (Texas).

The Lampasas River is the northern- and westernmost river in the natural range of the American alligator. In June 2015, two men were arrested for shooting and killing an alligator that they found on the river.
Mōryō no Yurikago
Mōryō no Yurikago (魍魎の揺りかご, Mōryō no Yurikago; "Cradle of Monsters") is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Kei Sanbe. The series ran from 2010 to 2012 published by Square Enix and serialized in their Young Gangan magazine. The series has been published in French by Ki-oon under the title Le Berceau des Esprits.

The series focuses on a group of students trapped on a capsized sunken ship at the bottom of the ocean while they fight for survival against an isolated zombie outbreak and try to escape with their lives and sanity intact.

Ki-oon
Ki-oon is a French manga publisher with its head office in the 8th arrondissement of Paris.

It was founded in October 2003 by Cécile Pournin and Ahmed Agne. It released its first manga in March 2004, the first volume of Element Line.  The name "Ki-oon" comes from an onomatopoeia meaning "having the heart inflated with emotion". With an increase in revenue of 80% in 2009, Ki-oon is in 2010 the most important independent publisher of manga in France.
Stack search
Stack search (also known as Stack decoding algorithm) is a search algorithm similar to beam search. It can be used to explore tree-structured search spaces and is often employed in Natural language processing applications, such as parsing of natural languages, or for decoding of error correcting codes where the technique goes under the name of sequential decoding.

Stack search keeps a list of the best n candidates seen so far. These candidates are incomplete solutions to the search problems, e.g. partial parse trees. It then iteratively expands the best partial solution, putting all resulting partial solutions onto the stack and then trimming the resulting list of partial solutions to the top n candidates, until a real solution (i.e. complete parse tree) has been found.

Stack search is not guaranteed to find the optimal solution to the search problem. The quality of the result depends on the quality of the search heuristic.

Sequential decoding
Recognised by John Wozencraft, sequential decoding is a limited memory technique for decoding tree codes.   Sequential decoding is mainly used as an approximate decoding algorithm for long constraint-length convolutional codes.  This approach may not be as accurate as the Viterbi algorithm but can save a substantial amount of computer memory. It was used to decode a convolutional code in 1968 Pioneer 9 mission.

Sequential decoding explores the tree code in such a way to try to minimise the computational cost and memory requirements to store the tree.

There is a range of sequential decoding approaches based on the choice of metric and algorithm.  Metrics include:

Fano metric

Zigangirov metric

Gallager metric

Algorithms include:

Stack algorithm

Fano algorithm

Creeper algorithm
Elbridge Boyden
Elbridge Boyden FAIA (1810–1898) was a prominent 19th-century American architect from Worcester, Massachusetts, who designed numerous civil and public buildings throughout New England and other parts of the United States. Perhaps his best known works are the Taunton State Hospital (1851) and Mechanics Hall (1855) in Worcester.

Gardner, Massachusetts
Gardner is a city in Worcester County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, United States. The population was 21,287 in the 2020 census. Gardner is home of such sites as the Blue Moon Diner, Dunn State Park, Gardner Heritage State Park, and Mount Wachusett Community College.
Lady Chaser
Lady Chaser is a 1946 American mystery film directed by Sam Newfield and written by Fred Myton. The film stars Robert Lowery, Ann Savage, Inez Cooper, Frank Ferguson, William Haade and Ralph Dunn. The film was released on November 25, 1946, by Producers Releasing Corporation.

Sam Newfield
Sam Newfield (born Samuel Neufeld; December 6, 1899 – November 10, 1964), also known as Sherman Scott or Peter Stewart, was an American film director. He directed over 250 feature films from the silent era until 1958. He also directed one- and two-reel comedy shorts, training films, industrial films and TV episodes. He would sometimes direct more than 20 films in a single year—he has been called the most prolific director of the sound era.

Many of Newfield's films were made for PRC Pictures, a film production company headed by his brother Sigmund Neufeld. The films PRC produced were low-budget productions, the majority being westerns, with occasional horror films or crime drama.
Balaci
Balaci (Romanian pronunciation: [baˈlat͡ʃʲ]) is a commune in Teleorman County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Balaci, Burdeni, and Tecuci.

The commune is situated on the Wallachian Plain, on the banks of the rivers Tecuci and Burdea. It is located in the northwestern corner of Teleorman County, 63 km (39 mi) from the county seat, Alexandria, on the border with Olt County.

During the communist era, Balaci was the home of an airfield operated by the Romanian Air Force. The airfield has been closed for decades; a disaffected MIG-21 F13 has been on display in a nearby lot since 2011.

Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21
The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 (Russian: Микоян и Гуревич МиГ-21; NATO reporting name: Fishbed) is a supersonic jet fighter and interceptor aircraft, designed by the Mikoyan-Gurevich Design Bureau in the Soviet Union. Its nicknames include: "Balalaika", because its planform resembles the stringed musical instrument of the same name; "Ołówek", Polish for "pencil", due to the shape of its fuselage, and "Én Bạc", meaning "silver swallow", in Vietnamese.

Approximately 60 countries across four continents have flown the MiG-21, and it still serves many nations seven decades after its maiden flight. It set aviation records, becoming the most-produced supersonic jet aircraft in aviation history, the most-produced combat aircraft since the Korean War and, previously, the longest production run of any combat aircraft.
Id Tech 3
id Tech 3,  popularly known as the Quake III Arena engine, is a game engine developed by id Software for its 1999 game Quake III Arena. It has subsequently been used in numerous games. Commercially, id Tech 3 competed with early versions of the Unreal Engine; both were widely licensed. Originally proprietary, it is now open-source software.

id Tech 3 is based on the earlier id Tech 2, with a large amount of the code rewritten. id Tech 4 was derived from id Tech 3, as was Infinity Ward's IW engine, used in Call of Duty 2 onward.

At QuakeCon 2005, John Carmack announced that the id Tech 3 source code would be released under the GNU General Public License v2.0 or later, and it was released on August 19, 2005. It was originally distributed via FTP, and later moved to GitHub.

John Carmack
John D. Carmack II (born August 21, 1970) is an American computer programmer and video game developer. He co-founded the video game company id Software and was the lead programmer of its 1990s games Commander Keen, Wolfenstein 3D, Doom, Quake, and their sequels. Carmack made innovations in 3D computer graphics, such as his Carmack's Reverse algorithm for shadow volumes.

In 2013, he resigned from id Software to work full-time at Oculus VR as their CTO. In 2019, he reduced his role to Consulting CTO so he could allocate more time toward artificial general intelligence (AGI). In 2022, he left Oculus to work on his AGI startup, Keen Technologies.
François Grosdidier
François Grosdidier (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃swa ɡʁodidje]; born 25 February 1961) is a French politician. He served as mayor of Metz since 2020. He also represented the Moselle department in the Senate and is a member of The Republicans.

Amnéville
Amnéville (French pronunciation: [amnevil]; German: Amenweiler, 1940–45: Stahlheim) is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in northeastern France. The town is an important tourist and thermal spa centre in France.
Hlinná
Hlinná (German: Hlinnay) is a municipality and village in Litoměřice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

Hlinná lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north of Litoměřice, 11 km (7 mi) south-east of Ústí nad Labem, and 59 km (37 mi) north-west of Prague.

Litoměřice
Litoměřice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈlɪtomɲɛr̝ɪtsɛ] ⓘ; German: Leitmeritz) is a town in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 23,000 inhabitants. It is located at the confluence of the Elbe and Ohře rivers. In the Middle Ages, it was a royal town of great political, cultural and economic importance. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation. The town is the seat of the Diocese of Litoměřice.
Palawan pencil-tailed tree mouse
The Palawan pencil-tailed tree mouse (Chiropodomys calamianensis)  is a species of arboreal rodent in the family Muridae. It is known from lowland forest near sea level, coconut groves, and bamboo thickets. It is endemic to the Palawan Faunal Region in the Philippines. It has been recorded on Balabac, Busuanga, Palawan, Dumaran, and Calauit islands.

Balabac Island
Balabac Island is the southernmost island of Palawan province, and therefore the westernmost undisputed island in the Philippines, some 50 km (31 mi) north of Sabah, Malaysia, across the Balabac Strait. Administratively, the island forms the main part of the municipality of Balabac and is divided into 14 barangays (the other six barangays of the municipality are on other nearby islands):
2006 County Championship
The 2006 County Championship season, known as the Liverpool Victoria County Championship for sponsorship reasons, was contested through two divisions: Division One and Division Two. Each team plays all the others in their division both home and away. This season saw a change in promotion and relegation, with the top two teams from Division Two being promoted to the first division for 2007, while the bottom two teams from Division 1 are relegated.

Teams in the County Championship 2006:

Liverpool Victoria
Liverpool Victoria, trading since May 2007 as LV=, is one of the United Kingdom's largest insurance companies. It offers a range of protection, savings and retirement products as well as financial advice.
2006 Alabama Senate election
The 2006 Alabama Senate election was held on November 7, 2006. Voters in all 35 districts of the Alabama Senate voted for their senators. The Democratic Party retained their majority in the Senate, losing two seats to the Republican Party. To date, this is the last time that the Democratic Party has won a majority in the Alabama Senate.

Alabama Senate
32°22′36″N 86°17′56″W﻿ / ﻿32.37667°N 86.29889°W﻿ / 32.37667; -86.29889

The Alabama State Senate is the upper house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alabama. The body is composed of 35 members representing an equal number of districts across the state, with each district containing at least 127,140 citizens. Similar to the lower house, the Alabama House of Representatives, the senate serves both without term limits and with a four-year term.

The Alabama State Senate meets at the State House in Montgomery.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the United States Senate, the senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions and boards.