hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bruce B. Kendall
Bruce Biers (or Byers) Kendall (February 28, 1919 – July 6, 2012) was an American hotelier and Republican and Democratic politician from the territory and state of Alaska.

A Methodist, Kendall was born in Martinsburg, Nebraska and grew up in Sioux City, Iowa. He later moved to Alaska, living in Cordova, Valdez and Anchorage. He became one of the first members of the Alaska House of Representatives in 1959 after statehood.

In 1963, he became the first Republican Speaker of the Alaska House of Representatives. After Democrats regained control of the House, he was replaced as a speaker by Mike Gravel, future U.S. Senator.

Kendall remained a member of the State House until 1966.  He later switched to the Democratic Party, and was the party's nominee for an open seat on the Alaska Senate in 1978, losing to Arliss Sturgulewski.

Alaska State Senate
The Alaska State Senate is the upper house in the Alaska State Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alaska. It convenes in the Alaska State Capitol in Juneau, Alaska and is responsible for making laws and confirming or rejecting gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions and boards.

With just twenty members, the Alaska Senate is the smallest state legislative chamber in the United States. Its members serve four-year terms and each represent an equal number of districts with populations of approximately 35,512 people, per 2010 census figures. They are not subject to term limits.
Waters and Elsa Burrows Historic District
Waters and Elsa Burrows Historic District is a U.S. historic district in Osprey, Florida south of Sarasota in Sarasota County. It includes the Bay Preserve at Osprey on Little Sarasota Bay. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 3, 2012.

The property was next to one owned by Bertha Palmer. Elsa Maria Scherer Burrows donated the land across U.S. 41 that became Oscar Scherer State Park, named for her father, a leather tanning businessman who immigrated from Germany. Her residence was acquired by a surgeon from New York City.

Oscar Scherer State Park
Oscar Scherer State Park is a Florida State Park located between Sarasota and Venice, near Osprey. The address is 1843 South Tamiami Trail. It receives more than 250,000 visitors a year. The park is home to habitat for various plants and animals including birds such as the Florida scrub jay and butterflies. It has areas for cycling, hiking, and paddle craft boating.
Xeropsalta aridula
Xeropsalta aridula is a species of cicada, also known as the Simpson Desert grass-shaker, in the true cicada family, Cicadettinae subfamily and Cicadettini tribe. The species is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2018 by Australian entomologist Anthony Ewart.

Cicadidae
Cicadidae, the true cicadas, is one of two families of cicadas, with about 3,400 species in over 520 genera worldwide; it contains most living cicada species, except for the two belonging to its sister taxon, the Tettigarctidae.  The classification of this family, of often very similar insects, has undergone many revisions, continuing into the 21st century; for example, many species previously assigned to the type genus Cicada, are now placed in different tribes.
Outline of Indiana
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the U.S. state of Indiana:

Indiana – a U.S. state, was admitted to the United States as the 19th state on December 11, 1816. It is located in the midwestern United States and Great Lakes Region of North America. With 6,483,802 residents, as of the 2010 U.S. Census, the state is ranked 15th in population and 16th in population density. Indiana is ranked 38th in land area and is the smallest state in the contiguous U.S. west of the Appalachian Mountains. Indiana's capital and largest city is Indianapolis, the second largest of any state capital and largest state capital east of the Mississippi River.

Algonquian peoples
The Algonquians are one of the most populous and widespread North American Indigenous American groups, consisting of the peoples who speak Algonquian languages. They historically were prominent along the Atlantic Coast and in the interior regions along St. Lawrence River and around the Great Lakes.

Before contact with Europeans, most Algonquian settlements lived by hunting and fishing, with many of them supplementing their diet by cultivating corn, beans and squash (the "Three Sisters"). The Ojibwe cultivated wild rice.
Bondoceras
Bondoceras is genus of burnetiid therapsid discovered in Zambia and first described in 2023. The only species described is Bondoceras bulborhynchus.

The genus name Bondoceras is derived from "Bondo", a village near the fossil localities, and "ceras", ancient Greek for horn. The species name bulborhynchus refers to the distinctive hemispherical median nasal boss present on the snout.

Bondoceras was collected from several localities southwest of Chamwe, Gwembe District, Southern Province, Zambia. The presence of tapinocephalid teeth near the localities suggests a Guadalupian age for the fossils.

Tapinocephalidae
Tapinocephalidae was an advanced family of tapinocephalians. It is defined as the clade containing Ulemosaurus, Tapinocaninus, and the Tapinocephalinae. They are known from both Russia and South Africa. In all probability, the Tapinocephalidae had a worldwide (Pangean) distribution. They flourished briefly during the Wordian and Capitanian ages, radiating into several lineages, existing simultaneously, and differing mainly in details of the skull and, to an even lesser degree, the skeleton. It is not clear how such similar animals could each find their own ecological niche, but such was obviously the case. There is a parallel here with the hadrosaur and ceratopsian dinosaurs of the Late Cretaceous. The cause of their abrupt extinction is not clear, since other smaller animals, and even the pareiasaurs, were not affected. Quite probably, like the extinction of the late Pleistocene megafauna, a number of factors were involved.
Tolfiq Nassar Ahmed Al Bihani
Tolfiq Nassar Ahmed Al Bihani (Arabic: توفيق نصار أحمد البيهاني; born June 1, 1972) is a citizen of Saudi Arabia who was held in the United States's Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba. His Guantanamo Internment Serial Number was 893.

The United States Senate Intelligence Committee's report on the CIA's use of torture confirmed that al Bihani had been held in the Central Intelligence Agency's network of black sites, where he had been subjected to torture.

Al Bihani arrived at Guantanamo on February 7, 2003, and was held there, without charge, for 22 years.

Black site
Black sites are clandestine state-operated detention centers where prisoners who have not been charged with a crime are incarcerated without due process or court order, are often mistreated and murdered, and have no recourse to bail.
2024 Kamchatka Mil Mi-8 crash
On 31 August 2024, a Mil Mi-8 helicopter operating a scheduled charter flight crashed in Kamchatka Krai, Russia, killing all 22 people on board. The aircraft, which was operated by Vityaz-Aero on a sightseeing tour over the Vachkazhets volcano, crashed in poor weather shortly after take-off.

Interstate Aviation Committee
The Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC; Russian: Межгосударственный авиационный комитет, МАК) is an executive body of the  Civil Aviation and Airspace Use Council of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and was formed in 1991 according to the Civil Aviation and Airspace Use Multilateral Agreement, signed on 25 December 1991.
Hina language
The Mina language, also known by the names Hina and Besleri, is a Chadic language spoken in Northern Cameroon by 10,000 people. Speakers of Mina are generally bilingual, with Fulfulde (Fula) being the second language. Fulfulde is often joined by French as a third language in educated speakers.

Besleri is spoken in most of Hina commune (Mayo-Tsanaga Department, Far North Region), with Gamdugun and Jinjin in the southwest and southeast of the area, respectively.

Chadic languages
The Chadic languages form a branch of the Afroasiatic language family. They are spoken in parts of the Sahel. They include 196 languages spoken across northern Nigeria, southern Niger, southern Chad, and northern Cameroon. By far the most widely spoken Chadic language is Hausa, a lingua franca of much of inland Eastern West Africa, particularly Niger and the northern half of Nigeria. Hausa is the only Chadic language with more than 1 million speakers.
Black sigatoka
Black sigatoka is a leaf-spot disease of banana plants caused by the ascomycete fungus Mycosphaerella fijiensis (Morelet), also known as black leaf streak. It was discovered in 1963 and named for its similarities with yellow Sigatoka, which is caused by Mycosphaerella musicola (Mulder), which was itself named after the Sigatoka Valley in Fiji. In the same valley an outbreak of this disease reached epidemic proportions from 1912 to 1923.

According to new terminology, the Sigatoka disease complex is a cluster of three closely related fungi: Black Sigatoka and its congeners Yellow Sigatoka (Ps. musae) and eumusae leaf spot (Ps. eumusae).

Plants with leaves damaged by the disease may have up to 50% lower yield of fruit, and control can take up to 50 sprays a year.

Sigatoka River
The Sigatoka River is in the island of Viti Levu in Fiji and has its source on the west side of Mount Victoria and flows for 120 kilometers to the coast between the central and western ranges. It is the chief means of transportation with some parts of the interior of the island.

The Sigatoka Sand Dunes are at the mouth of the river, and the Nadarivatu Dam was completed in 2012 in its headwaters.
Substituted 3-benzazepine
A substituted 3-benzazepine, or simply 3-benzazepine, is a derivative of 3-benzazepine. They are cyclized phenethylamines and are closely related to the tetrahydroisoquinolines. In addition, they are analogous to the cyclized tryptamine ibogalogs and their β-carboline relatives.

3-Benzazepines are known to act as monoamine receptor modulators, including as dopamine D1-like receptor agonists, dopamine D1 receptor antagonists, and serotonin 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B, and 5-HT2C receptor agonists, among other activities. 3-Benzazepines acting as serotonin 5-HT2 receptor agonists generally show varying degrees of preferential activity at the serotonin 5-HT2C receptor over the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor, with occasional exceptions. One 3-benzazepine, the non-selective serotonin 5-HT2 receptor agonist and previously marketed anorectic lorcaserin (Belviq), is known to produce psychedelic effects at supratherapeutic doses.

D1-like receptor
The D1-like receptors are a subfamily of dopamine receptors that bind the endogenous neurotransmitter dopamine. The D1-like subfamily consists of two G protein–coupled receptors that are coupled to Gs and mediate excitatory neurotransmission, of which include D1 and D5. For more information, please see the respective main articles of the individual subtypes.
London Seen Through an Arch of Westminster Bridge
London Seen Through an Arch of Westminster Bridge is an 1747 riverscape painting by the Italian artist Canaletto.

Painted during his nine year stay in England, Canaletto depicts a view through one of the arches of Westminster Bridge which was still under construction. It was London's second bridge, to rival the older London Bridge to the east. It captures a view of the river traffic on the Thames as well as several London landmarks including the York Water Tower in Westminster and Saint Paul's Cathedral in the City of London. It remains in the collection of the Dukes of Northumberland and hangs in Alnwick Castle.

Duke of Northumberland
Duke of Northumberland is a title that has been created three times in English and British history, twice in the Peerage of England and once in the Peerage of Great Britain. The current holder of this title is Ralph Percy, 12th Duke of Northumberland.
Scotney Castle SSSI
Scotney Castle SSSI is a 112.5-hectare (278-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in the grounds of Scotney Castle, a National Trust property south-east of Tunbridge Wells in  Kent.

This site has parkland, grassland, woodland. There are dormice, a protected species, and several nationally scarce invertebrates, such as Rolph's door snail. There are man-made ponds and a moat.

The gardens are open to the public.

Macrogastra rolphii
Macrogastra rolphii, known as Rolph's door snail, is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Clausiliidae, the door snails.

The shell of this species is sinistral, or left-handed, in its coiling.

Subspecies

Macrogastra rolphii digonostoma (Bourguignat, 1877)

Macrogastra rolphii portensis (Luso da Silva, 1872)

Macrogastra rolphii rolphii (W. Turton, 1826)
Three men make a tiger
"Three men make a tiger" (Chinese: 三人成虎; pinyin: sān rén chéng hǔ) is a Chinese proverb or chengyu (four-character idiom). "Three men make a tiger" refers to an individual's tendency to accept absurd information as long as it is repeated by enough people. It refers to the idea that if an unfounded premise or urban legend is mentioned and repeated by many individuals, the premise will be erroneously accepted as the truth.  This concept is related to communal reinforcement or the fallacy of argumentum ad populum and argumentum ad nauseam.

Communal reinforcement
Communal reinforcement is a social phenomenon in which a concept or idea is repeatedly asserted in a community, regardless of whether sufficient empirical evidence has been presented to support it. Over time, the concept or idea is reinforced to become a strong belief in many people's minds, and may be regarded by the members of the community as fact. Often, the concept or idea may be further reinforced by publications in the mass media, books, or other means of communication.  The phrase "millions of people can't all be wrong" is indicative of the common tendency to accept a communally reinforced idea without question, which often aids in the widespread acceptance of factoids. A very similar term to this term is community-reinforcement, which is a behavioral method to stop drug addiction.
2026 Cleveland Open – Doubles
Robert Cash and JJ Tracy were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Cannon Kingsley and Jody Maginley won the title after defeating George Goldhoff and Calum Puttergill 6–3, 6–4 in the final.

Cannon Kingsley
Cannon Kingsley (born 6 May 2001) is an American tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of 404 achieved on 12 February 2024, and a career-high ATP doubles ranking of 293 achieved on 22 July 2024.

He played college tennis at Ohio State.
Rubén Pagnanini
Rubén Oscar Pagnanini (born 31 January 1949 in San Nicolás de los Arroyos, Buenos Aires Province) is an Argentine former football player who played as a defender for the Argentina national team.

He played for Estudiantes de La Plata, Club Atlético Independiente, Argentinos Juniors and Minnesota Kicks. Playing for Estudiantes, he won the 1969 Copa Libertadores and 1970 Copa Libertadores. His greatest achievements at the local club level were winning the Nacional championships of 1977 and 1978 with Independiente.

Pagnanini was part of the 1978 Argentina national football team that won that year's World Cup, though he did not play in any match during that tournament.

His nickname was el gato ('the cat').

In 2007, he worked as the coach of La Emilia, a club playing in the Torneo Argentino B league (4th division).

1969 Copa Libertadores
The 1969 Copa Libertadores de América was the 10th edition of the Copa Libertadores, a football competition contested between the top clubs of the CONMEBOL federation. Estudiantes de la Plata won the competition defeating Nacional 4–0 on points over two-legs. The CBD declared that no Brazilian club would play in the 1969 Copa Libertadores de América, since Brazil disagreed on the format of the tournament, whose dates would conflict with the preparation of the national team for the 1970 World Cup Qualifying matches.
Sthambampally
Sthambampally  is a village in Geesugonda mandal of Warangal district, Telangana, India. It is 7 km away from Warangal Railway Station. Janipirilu was joined into Sthambampally in 1998. The population is around 3000. The major communities are Vaddea Rajulu, Munnuru Kapu, Padhma Shali and Muslim. Major crops are cotton, corn, tomato and other vegetables. It has 60% literacy. The landmarks are Government Public School up to 10th standard, Hanuman Temple and water tank.

Warangal district
Warangal district (formerly Warangal Rural district)  is a district in the Indian state of Telangana. The district shares boundaries with Mahabubabad, Jangaon, Hanamkonda, Mulugu and Bhupalpally districts.

As of June 2021, Hanamkonda tentatively serves as the district headquarters of both Hanamkonda and Warangal districts. Warangal city is proposed to replace Hanamkonda as the new headquarters of the Warangal district.

The district was formed in 2016 by carving out Warangal Rural district from the erstwhile Warangal district. In August 2021, the Warangal Rural district was renamed back to Warangal district. Warangal and Khila Warangal mandals are transferred to the newly formed Warangal district.
Wilbert Doneleyko
Wilbert George Doneleyko (February 13, 1913 – January 27, 1990), last name also spelled Doneley, was a politician in Manitoba, Canada.

Born in Rossburn, Manitoba, he was educated there and worked for the Manitoba Co-operative Honey Producers Limited as a warehouse manager. Doneleyko served in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1945 to 1949 as a member of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation. He was defeated by Nicholas Stryk when he ran for reelection in 1949 as an independent. He was expelled from the CCF caucus for publicly opposing NATO activities in Europe. In 1945, Doneleyko ran unsuccessfully as a CCF candidate for the Springfield seat in the Canadian House of Commons.

He died in Victoria, British Columbia in 1990 at the age of 76. He had been suffering from chronic lymphocytic leukemia, nephrotic syndrome and renal failure.

Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (Manitoba)
The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (Manitoba) (CCF), known informally as the Manitoba CCF, was a provincial branch of the national Canadian party by the same name. The national CCF was the dominant social-democratic party in Canada from the 1930s to the early 1960s, when it merged with the labour movement to become the New Democratic Party. The Manitoba CCF, created in 1932, played the same role at the provincial level.
Glow stick
The plastic casing covers the inner fluid.

The glass capsule covers the solution.

Diphenyl oxalate and fluorescent dye solution

Hydrogen peroxide solution

After the glass capsule is broken and the solutions mix, the glow stick glows.

A glow stick, also known as a light stick, chem light, light wand, light rod, and rave light, is a self-contained, short-term light source. It consists of a translucent plastic tube containing isolated substances that, when combined, produce light through chemiluminescence. The light cannot be turned off and can be used only once. The used tube is then thrown away. Glow sticks are often used for recreation, such as for events, camping, outdoor exploration, and concerts. Glow sticks are also used for light in power outage, military and emergency services applications. Industrial uses include marine, transportation, and mining.

Recreation
Recreation is an activity of leisure, leisure being discretionary time. The "need to do something for recreation" is an essential element of human biology and psychology. Recreational activities are often done for enjoyment, amusement, or pleasure and are considered to be "fun".
Chris Wroblewski
Christopher William Wroblewski (born 1989/1990) is an American former college basketball player. He played college basketball for Cornell of the Ivy League, where he is the school's all-time career assists (482) leader and the school's only two-time Academic All-America basketball selection. He was the starting point guard for the winningest team (29 wins) in Ivy League history: the 2009–10 Big Red. He earned Ivy League accolades all four seasons: Ivy League Rookie of the Year (2009), All-Ivy Honorable Mention (2010), All-Ivy Second-Team (2011), and All-Ivy First-Team (2012).

Before college, he played at Highland Park High School, where he set the record for all-time career 3-point shots made (211). He led Highland Park to its first back-to-back 20-win seasons. He received no college scholarship offers in high school.

Highland Park High School (Highland Park, Illinois)
Highland Park High School (HPHS) is a public four-year high school located in Highland Park, Illinois, a North Shore suburb of Chicago, Illinois. It is part of Township High School District 113.  From 1900 to 1904, the school was known as Deerfield High School. The high school served both Deerfield (renamed Moraine in 1998) and Shields townships from 1904 until 1936 and was Deerfield-Shields High School.  The building of Lake Forest High School in 1936 provided a school to serve Shields Township students.  This led to the return of the name Highland Park High School.  A new, separate Deerfield High School opened 20 years later to serve the growing population.
Verónica Delgadillo
Verónica Delgadillo García (born 13 November 1982) is a Mexican politician from the Citizens' Movement party (MC) serving as mayor of Guadalajara, Jalisco, since 2024.

Delgadillo García is a native of Guadalajara. She holds a bachelor's degree in communication science from the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education (ITESM).

From 2012 to 2015, she was a member of the Congress of Jalisco  and, from 2015 to 2017, she was a member of the Chamber of Deputies, representing Jalisco's 8th district.
In the 2018 general election she was elected to a six-year term in the Senate for the state of Jalisco.

In the 2024 local elections she was elected to serve as municipal president of Guadalajara. She is the first woman to hold the position in the city's history.

8th federal electoral district of Jalisco
The 8th federal electoral district of Jalisco (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 08 de Jalisco) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 20 such districts in the state of Jalisco.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the first region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Paola Milagros Espinosa Sánchez of the National Action Party (PAN).
David Outcalt
David Lewis Outcalt (January 30, 1935 – November 2, 2013) was an American academic administrator, mathematician, and violinist. He was the chancellor of the University of Alaska Anchorage and the University of Wisconsin, Green Bay.

Chancellor
Chancellor (Latin: cancellarius) is a title of various official positions in the governments of many countries. The original chancellors were the cancellarii of Roman courts of justice—ushers, who sat at the cancelli (lattice work screens) of a basilica (court hall), which separated the judge and counsel from the audience. A chancellor's office is called a chancellery or chancery. The word is now used in the titles of many various officers in various settings (government, education, religion). Nowadays, the term is most often used to describe:

The head of the government

A person in charge of foreign affairs

A person with duties related to justice

A person in charge of financial and economic issues

The head of a university