hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Roman military diploma
A Roman military diploma was a document inscribed in bronze certifying that the holder was honourably discharged from the Roman armed forces and/or had received the grant of Roman citizenship from the emperor as reward for service.

The diploma was a notarised copy of an original constitutio (decree) issued by the emperor in Rome, listing by regiment (or unit) the eligible veterans. The constitutio, recorded on a large bronze plate, was lodged in the military archive at Rome (none such has been found; presumably they were melted down in later times).

Constitution (Roman law)
In Roman law, a constitutio ("constitution") is any legislative enactment by a Roman emperor. It includes edicts, decrees (judicial decisions), and rescripta (written answers to officials or petitioners). Mandata (instructions) given by the Emperor to officials were not constitutions but created legal rules that could be relied upon by individuals.

One of the most important constitutions issued by a Roman emperor was Caracalla's Constitutio Antoniniana of 212, also called the Edict of Caracalla or the Antonine Constitution, which declared that all free men of the Roman Empire were to be given Roman citizenship and all free women the same rights as Roman women.
Soba, Nigeria
Soba is a Local Government Area in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Its headquarters is in the town of Maigana.

It has an area of 5 km2 and a population of 293,270 at the 2006 census. Its postal code is 801122. The Local Government Council is chaired by Mohammed Usman.

The postal code of the area is 810. Soba local Government has 16 districts. soba Local Government has boundary with other local government like Makarfi, sabon Gari local Government in Kaduna state.

Postal code
A postal code (also known locally in various English-speaking countries throughout the world as a postcode, post code, PIN or ZIP Code) is a series of letters or digits or both, sometimes including spaces or punctuation, included in a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail.

As of August 2021, the Universal Postal Union lists 160 countries which require the use of a postal code.

Although postal codes are usually assigned to geographical areas, special codes are sometimes assigned to individual addresses or to institutions that receive large volumes of mail, such as government agencies and large commercial companies. One example is the French CEDEX system.
757 Naval Air Squadron
757 Naval Air Squadron (757 NAS) was a Fleet Air Arm (FAA) naval air squadron of the United Kingdom’s Royal Navy (RN). It was first formed as a Telegraphist Air Gunner Training Squadron in 1939, operating out of RNAS Worthy Down (HMS Kestrel), but after three months it went into abeyance, only to reform again in the same role, at the same location, in 1941 and operating until 1942. It then reformed as a Fighter Pool Squadron & Operational Training Unit at RNAS Puttalam (HMS Rajaliya), in Sri Lanka, in 1943. After a brief spell at RNAMY Tambaram (HMS Valluru), in India, the squadron finally disbanded at RNAS Katukurunda (HMS Ukussa), in Sri Lanka,  at the beginning of 1946.

Army cooperation aircraft
The army cooperation aircraft was an inter-war concept of an aircraft capable of support of ground units in a variety of roles. Army cooperation planes combined the roles of artillery spotter aircraft, liaison, reconnaissance plane and close air support.
Hispanic and Latin American Belizean
Hispanic and Latin American Belizeans (Spanish: Beliceños) are Belizeans of full or partial Hispanic and Latin American descent. Currently, they account for around 52.9% of Belize's population.

Most Hispanic Belizeans are self-identified mestizos. Most mestizos speak Spanish, Kriol, and English fluently. The mestizo should not be confused with the Yucatec Maya who are also known as "Yucatecos" in Belize.

Corozal District
Corozal is the northernmost district of the nation of Belize. The population was 46,071 in 2024. The district capital is Corozal Town.

Pre-Columbian Maya ruins are found in Corozal at Santa Rita near Corozal Town, and at Cerros.
Nancy Bates (singer)
Nancy Bates is an Aboriginal Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and teacher based in Adelaide. She is known for her music project Songs Inside, in which she taught inmates in a women's prison in Adelaide to sing, write songs, and play an instrument, which gave rise to a 2024 film of the same name by documentary filmmaker Shalom Almond. She is also known for her show Still Talkin' Bout A Revolution, based on the works of Tracy Chapman.

Incarceration of women
Approximately 741,000 women are incarcerated in correctional facilities, a 17% increase since 2010 and the female prison population has been increasing across all continents. The list of countries by incarceration rate includes a main table with a column for the historical and current percentage of prisoners who are female.
God's Wife
God's Wife (Egyptian ḥmt nṯr) is a title which was often allocated to royal women during the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt. The term indicates an inherited sacral duty, in which the role of "God's Wife" passed from mother to daughter. The role could also exist among siblings, as in the case of the role of "God's Wife" being shared or passed by daughters of Ahmose-Nefertari, Sitamun and her sister, Ahmose-Merytamun.

The role of "God's Wife" is not the same as the title "God's Wife of Amun", which is a separate sacral title, involved in the "Divine Cycle" myth of the deity Amun. Only two Eighteenth Dynasty queens held this title, Ahhotep I and Ahmose-Nefertari.

Ahmose-Meritamun
Ahmose-Meritamun (or Ahmose-Meritamon) was a Queen of Egypt during the early Eighteenth Dynasty. She was both the older sister and the wife of Pharaoh Amenhotep I. She died fairly young and was buried in tomb TT358 in Deir el-Bahari.
2023 Open Bogotá – Doubles
Nicolás Mejía and Andrés Urrea were the defending champions but lost in the first round to Renzo Olivo and Thiago Agustín Tirante.

Olivo and Tirante won the title after defeating Guillermo Durán and Orlando Luz 7–6(8–6), 6–4 in the final.

This tournament was supposed to mark the last professional tournament of Colombian former world number 1 doubles players Juan Sebastián Cabal and Robert Farah before their retirement from professional tennis. However, Cabal was forced to withdraw due to injury and retirement plans were placed on hold.

Thiago Agustín Tirante
Thiago Agustín Tirante (born 10 April 2001) is an Argentine professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 76 achieved on 23 February 2026 and a best doubles ranking of No. 257 reached on 1 November 2021.

Tirante plays mostly on ATP Challenger Tour.
2023 NCAA Division I Women's Tennis Championships
The 2023 NCAA Division I Women's Tennis Championships were the women's tennis tournaments played from May 5 to May 20, 2023, at campus sites and Orlando, Florida, at the USTA National Campus. It was the 41st edition of the NCAA Division I Women's Tennis Championship.

Oklahoma Sooners
The Oklahoma Sooners are the athletic teams that represent the University of Oklahoma, located in Norman. The 19 men's and women's varsity teams are called the "Sooners", a reference to a nickname given to the early participants in the Land Run of 1889, which initially opened the Unassigned Lands in the future state of Oklahoma to non-native settlement. The university's athletic teams compete in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)'s Division I in the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The university's current athletic director is Roger Denny.

The Sooners have won 45 team national championships.  In 2002, the University of Oklahoma was ranked as the third best college sports program in America by Sports Illustrated.
Melissa Satta
Melissa Satta (born 7 February 1986) is an Italian television presenter. She was a showgirl in the Italian satirical series Striscia la notizia. Satta has appeared in Maxim magazine and was featured in the 2010 Sports Illustrated swimsuit issue. Satta lives and works in Italy.

Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue
The Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue is published annually by American magazine Sports Illustrated and features female fashion models, celebrities and athletes wearing swimwear in various locales around the world. The highly coveted cover photograph has been considered as the arbiter of supermodel succession. The issue carries advertising that, in 2005, amounted to US$35 million in value. First published in 1964, it is credited with making the bikini, invented in 1946, a legitimate piece of apparel.

Since 1964, the issue had been published every February, but starting in 2019, the issue was made available in May.
Leon Bramson
Leon Bramson (Russian: Лео́нтий Моисе́евич Бра́мсон; born 1869 in Kaunas, then Russian Empire, d. March 2, 1941 in Marseille, France), was a Jewish activist, member of the State Duma of the Russian Empire in 1906-1907, then a leader and organizer of the World ORT.

Attorney and member of the Central Committee of the League for the Attainment of Equal Rights for the Jewish People in Russia, he was elected to the 1906 First Duma elections after an electoral agreement made by the General Jewish Labour Bund with the Lithuanian Labourers' Party (Trudoviks).

He became head of the Russian ORT in 1908 and later of the World ORT when its headquarters moved to Berlin in 1920, and cofounded in 1922 the American ORT Federation with Aaron Syngalowski (1890–1956).

At least two schools still in activity in 2009 bear his name: the Bramson ORT College in New York City and the Lycée Professionnel Léon Bramson ORT in Marseille.

Bramson ORT College
Bramson ORT College was a private college in New York City. Its main campus was located in Forest Hills, Queens, with a satellite campus in Brooklyn. It was affiliated with ORT America, a volunteer organization that is the umbrella organization of ORT in the United States, and World ORT, the parent nonprofit global Jewish organization that promotes education and training in over 100 countries. It was founded in 1979 and closed in 2017.
Healing of periapical lesions
Apical periodontitis is typically the body's defense response to the threat of microbial invasion from the root canal.  Primary among the members of the host defense mechanism is the polymorphonuclear leukocyte, otherwise known as the neutrophil. The task of the neutrophil is to locate and destroy microbes that intrude into the body – anywhere in the body – and they represent the hallmark of acute inflammation.

Alveolar process
The alveolar process (/ælˈviːələr, ˌælviˈoʊlər, ˈælviələr/) is the portion of bone containing the tooth sockets on the jaw bones (in humans, the maxilla and the mandible). The alveolar process is covered by gums within the mouth, terminating roughly along the line of the mandibular canal. Partially comprising compact bone, it is penetrated by many small openings for blood vessels and connective fibres.

The bone is of clinical, phonetic and forensic significance.
Yuzana Company
Yuzana Company Limited (Burmese: ယုဇနကုမ္ပဏီလီမိတက်) is a Burmese company involved in the construction, agriculture, hospitality, real estate and fishery industries.

Yuzana Company was established in 1994 by Htay Myint, a businessman with close ties to Khin Nyunt, a former Burmese prime minister and Than Shwe, the former head of the country's military junta. Yuzana began as a fisheries venture in Myeik (Mergui) in Southern Burma's Taninthayi Division. Yuzana Company also owns palm oil, sugarcane, teak, physic nut (Jatropha curcas), and rubber plantations.

Yuzana is one of Burma's largest producers of lahpet (pickled tea leaves), a national dish.

Yuzana is also one of four indigenous Burmese companies that harvests marine shrimps, in a 50 acres (20 ha) farm.

Hukawng Valley
The Hukawng Valley (Burmese: ဟူးကောင်းချိုင့်ဝှမ်း; also spelt Hukaung Valley) is an isolated valley in Myanmar, roughly 5,586 square miles (14,468 km2) in area.  It is located in Tanaing Township in the Myitkyina District of Kachin State in the northernmost part of the country. It has the Hukaung Valley Wildlife Sanctuary.
Heather Parcells
Heather Parcells is an American actress, singer and dancer.  She is a graduate of Florida State's musical theatre training BFA program.

She has toured the US as Velma Kelly in the musical show Chicago, as well as Miss Dorothy in Thoroughly Modern Millie and the ensemble in Some Like It Hot.  She made her Broadway debut in Chitty Chitty Bang Bang and in 2007 played Judy in the revival of A Chorus Line on Broadway.

She attended Hampton Roads Academy in Newport News, Virginia, where she got her first taste of performing when she landed the role of Audrey in Little Shop of Horrors during her junior year of high school. Her first paying performance was playing Gordon the Dragon (immersed in a sweltering full-body costume) at Busch Gardens at Williamsburg, Virginia.

Her most recent appearance on Broadway came in Tuck Everlasting.

In 2024 she performed in Timberlake Playhouses production of “Anything Goes” in the lead role of Reno Sweeney

Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (musical)
Chitty Chitty Bang Bang is a stage musical with music and lyrics written by Richard M. and Robert B. Sherman and a book by Jeremy Sams. It is based on the 1968 film of the same name with screenplay by Roald Dahl, Ken Hughes, and Richard Maibaum. The 1968 film was based in turn on the book of the same name by Ian Fleming. The musical's world premiere was staged at the London Palladium on April 16, 2002, directed by Adrian Noble before the show opened on Broadway in 2005.
Dan Lungren
Daniel Edward Lungren (born September 22, 1946) is an American lawyer, lobbyist, and former politician. A native of Long Beach, California, his career as an elected official began when he was elected to the United States House of Representatives as a Republican, representing the Long Beach area from 1979 to 1989. He then served as attorney general of California from 1991 to 1999, and ran unsuccessfully for governor of California in 1998, losing to Democrat Gray Davis.

In 2005, he returned to Congress, representing California's 3rd congressional district, which covered most of Sacramento County, portions of Solano County, as well as all of Alpine County, Amador County and Calaveras County. In 2012, his seat was redistricted, and he sought re-election in California's 7th congressional district, losing to Democrat Ami Bera.

Amador County, California
Amador County (/ˈæmədɔːr/ ⓘ) is a county located in the U.S. state of California, in the Sierra Nevada. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,474. The county seat is Jackson. Amador County, located within California's Gold Country, is known as "The Heart of the Mother Lode." There is a substantial viticulture industry in the county.
Edgbarrow School
Edgbarrow School is a secondary Academy School in Crowthorne, Berkshire, England. The school is the main state secondary school in the area, and includes Edgbarrow Sixth Form College. It previously held the title of a Business and Enterprise College as a specialist school.

The school has approximately 1410 pupils, most of whom come from Crowthorne schools, such as Wildmoor Heath School and Oaklands School, Hatch Ride school and Crowthorne C of E school . The school teaches 11- to 18-year-olds, and has some of the best results in Bracknell Forest at GCSE of any non-selective state schools.

Bracknell Forest
Bracknell Forest is a borough with unitary status in Berkshire, England, centred on the two towns of Bracknell and Sandhurst. It also includes the villages of Crowthorne and also includes the areas of North Ascot, Binfield, Warfield, and Winkfield. The borough borders the Berkshire boroughs of Wokingham and the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead, and also parts of Surrey and Hampshire.
Nawa City railway station
Nawa City railway station is a railway station in Nagaur district, Rajasthan in Northern India. Its code is NAC, and it serves Nawa City. It has a single platform. Passenger, Express, and Superfast trains stop there.

Nagaur district
Nagaur district is one of the 41 districts of the state of Rajasthan in western India. Panchayati Raj was introduced here. It is the fifth largest district in Rajasthan and the area of the district is 17,718 km2 (6,841 sq mi). The city of Nagaur is the district headquarters. Nagaur district is located in central region of Rajasthan.
XIX Tactical Air Command
The XIX Tactical Air Command is an inactive United States Air Force unit.  The unit's last assignment was with the Ninth Air Force based at Biggs Field, Texas, where it was inactivated on 31 March 1946.

During World War II, the mission of the XIX Tactical Air Command was to support General Patton's Third Army with tactical air support throughout during the army's advance from formation in France on 1 August 1944 until VE-Day. The initial Commander was Maj Gen Elwood Richard Quesada.

Elwood Richard Quesada
Elwood Richard Quesada, CB, CBE (April 13, 1904 – February 9, 1993), nicknamed "Pete", was a United States Air Force lieutenant general, FAA administrator, and, later, a club owner in Major League Baseball.
Alexander Yagubkin
Alexander Gennadiyevich Yagubkin (25 April 1961 – 7 August 2013) was a Soviet Olympic boxer, who competed between 1979 and 1988. The only Soviet boxer to become the World heavyweight champion (1982), he never turned pro due to political restrictions imposed by the Soviet government. He was ranked the world's #2 amateur heavyweight by the AIBA in 1984, and #1 in 1986.

Boxing at the Summer Olympics
Boxing has been contested at every Summer Olympic Games since its introduction to the program at the 1904 Summer Olympics, except for the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm, because Swedish law banned the sport at the time. The 2008 Summer Olympics were the final games with boxing as a male only event. Since the 2012 Summer Olympics, women's boxing is part of the program.
May 2011 Nigeria bombings
The May 2011 northern Nigeria bombings happened in several towns in northern Nigeria on 29 May 2011. The blasts happened just a few hours after Goodluck Jonathan was sworn in as Nigeria's president. Boko Haram was suspected in the attacks.

The first explosion struck the Zuba International Market in Abuja, killing two people (including a young girl) and injuring 11 others. Three blasts also struck the Mammy Market in Bauchi, near the headquarters of Nigeria's 33rd Artillery Brigade. Thirteen died and 40 were injured. No soldiers were injured. Two bombs also went off in Zaria, seriously injuring four.

Another explosion targeted a military vehicle in Maiduguri.

Zaria
Zaria Listenⓘ (formerly Zazzau) is a metropolitan city in Nigeria, located within four local government areas in Kaduna State. It serves as the capital of the Zazzau Emirate Council and is one of the original seven Hausa city-states. The local government areas comprising Zaria are Zaria, Sabon Gari, Giwa, and Soba local government areas of Kaduna State, Nigeria.

It contains Nigeria's largest university, Ahmadu Bello University, and various tertiary institutions including the Federal College of Education (FCE Zaria), Nigerian College of Aviation Technology, Nigerian Institute of Transport Technology, Nigeria Institute of Leather and Science Technology and Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic.  Department of Agriculture Ahmed Bello University Zaria. Ameer Shehu Idris College of Advanced Diploma.

From the 2006 population census, Zaria was estimated to have 736,000 people. It is home to the Emir of Zazzau.
Small nucleolar RNA SNORD47
In molecular biology, SNORD47 (also known as U47)  is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

snoRNA U57 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.

This snoRNA was originally cloned from HeLa cells and expression verified by northern blotting.
It is predicted to guide 2'O-ribose methylation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) 28S at residue C3866.
The mouse orthologue was also cloned

This snoRNA is encoded in the introns of the same genes as other C/D box snoRNAs U44, U74, U75, U76, U77, U78, U79, U80 and U81.

Non-coding RNA
A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. The DNA sequence from which a functional non-coding RNA is transcribed is often called an RNA gene. Abundant and functionally important types of non-coding RNAs include transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), as well as small RNAs such as microRNAs, siRNAs, piRNAs, snoRNAs, snRNAs, exRNAs, scaRNAs and the long ncRNAs such as Xist and HOTAIR.

The number of non-coding RNAs within the human genome is unknown; however, recent transcriptomic and bioinformatic studies suggest that there are thousands of non-coding transcripts. 
Many of the newly identified ncRNAs have unknown functions, if any. 
There is no consensus on how much of non-coding transcription is functional: some believe most ncRNAs to be non-functional "junk RNA", spurious transcriptions, while others expect that many non-coding transcripts have functions to be discovered.
Kader Arif
Kader Arif (Arabic: قادر عريف; born 3 July 1959 in Algiers) is a French politician of the French Socialist Party (PS) who served as Junior Minister for Veterans to the French Minister of Defence Jean-Yves Le Drian from 2012 until 2014. Prior to this, he was a Member of the European Parliament for the south-west of France.

Jean-Yves Le Drian
Jean-Yves Paul Le Drian (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃iv lə dʁijɑ̃]; born 30 June 1947) is a French politician who served as Minister of Europe and Foreign Affairs in the governments of Prime Ministers Édouard Philippe and Jean Castex (2017–2022) and as Minister of Defence under President François Hollande (2012–2017). A former member of the Socialist Party, he had been an Independent from 2018 before founding Territories of Progress in 2020.
1943–44 Slovenská liga
The 1943–44 Slovenská liga (English:Slovak league) was the sixth season of the Slovenská liga. It is the first tier of league football in the Slovak Republic, formerly part of Czechoslovakia until the German occupation of the country in March 1939.

In the Slovak Republic an independent Slovak league had been established in 1939 and played out its own championship which was won by ŠK Bratislava in 1943–44. In the German-annexed Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia a separate league, the  Národní liga (English:National league), was played and won by Sparta Prague in the 1943–44 season. A national Czechoslovak championship was not played between 1939 and 1945.

Czechoslovak First League
The Czechoslovak First League (Czech: 1. fotbalová liga, Slovak: 1. futbalová liga) was the premier football league in Czechoslovakia from 1925 to 1993, with the exception of World War II. Czechoslovakia was occupied by German forces who formed Gauliga Sudetenland and Gauliga Böhmen und Mähren leagues on occupied territories. Until the 1934-35 season, no teams from Slovakia participated in the league.

Czechs were allowed to run their own league in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, while Slovaks were granted their own independent Slovak State and created their own league. After the World War II the league was recreated.