hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Meaningful learning
Meaningful learning refers to the act of higher order thinking and development through intellectual engagement that uses pattern recognition and concept association. It can include—but is not limited to—critical and creative thinking, inquiry, problem solving, critical discourse, and metacognitive skills. The concept and theory of meaningful learning is that learned information is completely understood and can now be used to make connections with other previously known knowledge aiding in further understanding. Since information is stored in a network of connections, it can be accessed from multiple starting points depending on the context of recall. Meaningful learning is often contrasted with rote learning, a method in which information is memorized sometimes without elements of understanding or relation to other objects or situations. A real-world example of a concept the learner has learned is an instance of meaningful learning.

Association (psychology)
Association in psychology refers to a mental connection between concepts, events, or mental states that usually stems from specific experiences. Associations are seen throughout several schools of thought in psychology, including behaviorism, associationism, psychoanalysis, social psychology, and structuralism. The idea stems from Plato and Aristotle, especially about the succession of memories, and it was carried on by philosophers such as John Locke, David Hume, David Hartley, and James Mill. It finds its place in modern psychology in such areas as memory, learning, and the study of neural pathways.
ASVOFF
ASVOFF, or A Shaded View on Fashion Film, is a fashion film festival founded by journalist Diane Pernet. Since its 2008 debut at the Jeu de Paume National Gallery, it is a three-day festival event showcasing feature films, documentaries, conferences, performances and installations.

The festival's main venue, save for one year where it was hosted in Nu Boyana Film Studios, is Paris, but since its beginnings, it participates in fashion movements and events the world over, hosted by institutions such as the Bilbao Guggenheim museum, Milan's Palazzo Morando, and the New York Scope art fair. It has also had sponsorship from those such as Italian Vogue, Bulgari, Kering and Dom Perignon.

Vogue Italia
Vogue Italia is the Italian edition of Vogue magazine owned by Condé Nast International. In publication since 1964, it has been called the top fashion magazine in the world. The publication is currently edited by Francesca Ragazzi and was previously edited by Emanuele Farneti, Franca Sozzani and others.
Silver Sonntak
Silver Sonntak (born 11 November 1976) is an Estonian rower.
He was born in Pärnu.

He started his rowing training in 1991, coached by Mihkel Leppik and Tatjana Jaanson. He graduated from Tallinn University of Applied Sciences in 2000, with a degree in automotive technology.

He has won the Estonian championships 29 times. In 2004 he was a reserve competitor for the Estonian rowing team at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.

In 2002 he was chosen as the Estonian Rowing Association's best male rower (Estonian: Sõudeliidu parim meessõudja).

Tallinn University of Applied Sciences
TTK University of Applied Sciences (Estonian: Tallinna Tehnikakõrgkool; TTK) is an higher education institution in Tallinn, Estonia, founded in 1992. It provides professional higher education and applied research in the fields of technology, production, civil engineering, logistics, economics, and welfare. TTK UAS is the largest university of applied sciences in Estonia, currently educating about 3000 students.

The university has 6 institutes: the Institute of Architecture, Institute of Engineering and Circular Economy, Institute of Civil Engineering, Institute of Logistics, Institute of Technology and Institute of Service Economy.
Kawaite sōrō
Kawaite sōrō  (乾いて候) is a Japanese jidaigeki or period drama that was broadcast in prime-time in 1984. It is also known as "A Samurai's Sorrow." It is based on Goseki Kojima and Kazuo Koike's manga of the same title. The lead star is Masakazu Tamura. Masakazu Tamura's elder brother Takahiro Tamura and younger brother Ryo Tamura also appeared. Three special editions of the drama were produced. Masakazu Tamura played the role on stage.

Tokugawa Yoshimune
Tokugawa Yoshimune (徳川 吉宗; 27 November 1684 – 12 July 1751) was a Japanese samurai, daimyo and the eighth shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan, ruling from 1716 until his abdication in 1745. He was the son of Tokugawa Mitsusada, the grandson of Tokugawa Yorinobu, and the great-grandson of Tokugawa Ieyasu. Yoshimune is known for repealing the ban on Western literature.
You Already Know (album)
You Already Know is the debut solo studio album by American Brooklyn-based rapper and record producer "The Don Bishop" Agallah p.k.a. 8-Off the Assassin. It was released on August 8, 2006 through Babygrande Records. Recording sessions took place at the Work Room in New York. Production was handled primarily by Agallah himself, along with The Alchemist, Big Zik, DJ Premier, Grimy Kid and Sid Roams, with Shiest Bubz serving as executive producer. It features guest appearances from Ike Eyes, Big V, Carl Anthony, Clutch, Dead Prez, Kool G Rap, The Alchemist, Umi and Prodigy. The album was supported by the two singles: "Club Hoppin'" and "New York Ryder Music".

Dead Prez
Dead Prez (stylized in lowercase) is an American hip hop duo composed of M-1 and stic.man, formed in 1996 in New York City. They are known for their confrontational style, combined with lyrics focused on both militant social justice, self-determination, and Pan-Africanism. The duo maintains an ethical stance against corporate control over the media, especially hip hop record labels.
Stella Christie
Stella Christie (born January 11 1979) is an academic and cognitive scientist from Medan, North Sumatra who currently serves as the Indonesian Deputy Minister of Higher Education, Science, and Technology. She earned her Bachelor's degree from Harvard University and her PhD from Northwestern University in cognitive psychology. She is a professor at Tsinghua University, where she also holds the position of Chair at the Tsinghua Laboratory of Brain and Intelligence and Director of the Child Cognition Center. She is also a member of the Governing Board for the Cognitive Science Society and plays an active role as a science and education advisor to the Indonesian government.

Cognitive Science Society
The Cognitive Science Society is a professional society for the interdisciplinary field of cognitive science. It brings together researchers from many fields who hold the common goal of understanding the nature of the human mind. The society promotes scientific interchange among researchers in disciplines comprising the field of cognitive science, including artificial intelligence, linguistics, anthropology, psychology, neuroscience, philosophy, and education. The Society is a member of the Federation of Associations in Behavioral & Brain Sciences.
India–Uruguay relations
India is represented in Uruguay through its embassy in Buenos Aires in Argentina; it also has a consulate general in Montevideo. Uruguay has an embassy in New Delhi and a consulate in Mumbai. Diplomatic relations were established in 1948. The Uruguayan embassy in New Delhi was first opened in 1960 and operated until 1975. It was re-opened in 1998. In May 2010, Uruguayan ambassador to India Cesar Ferrer requested India to open an embassy in Montevideo.

Tata Consultancy Services
Tata Consultancy Services Limited (TCS) is an Indian multinational technology company specializing in information technology services and consulting. Headquartered in Mumbai, it is a part of the Tata Group and operates in 150 locations across 46 countries. As of 2024, Tata Sons owned 71.74% of TCS, and close to 80% of Tata Sons' dividend income came from TCS.

TCS ranked seventh on the Fortune India 500 list for 2024. In September 2021, TCS recorded a market capitalization of US$200 billion, becoming the first Indian IT company to achieve this valuation. In 2012, it was the world's second-largest user of U.S. H-1B visas.
Paul LaCamera
Paul Joseph LaCamera (born 4 September 1963) is a retired United States Army general who last served as the commander of United Nations Command, ROK/US Combined Forces Command and United States Forces Korea from 2021 to 2024. LaCamera most recently served as commanding general of United States Army Pacific from 2019 to 2021. He previously served as the commanding general of XVIII Airborne Corps. His other assignments include the commander of Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve and as the commanding general of the 4th Infantry Division.

He was nominated to replace General Robert Abrams as the next commander of United Nations Command, R.O.K.-U.S. Combined Forces Command, and U.S. Forces Korea, on 2 December 2020, however his nomination was returned to the president on 3 January 2021, without action. He was renominated on 27 April 2021.

Naval War College
The Naval War College (NWC or NAVWARCOL) is the staff college and "Home of Thought" for the United States Navy at Naval Station Newport in Newport, Rhode Island. The NWC educates and develops leaders, supports defining the future Navy and associated roles and missions, supports combat readiness, and strengthens global maritime partnerships.

The Naval War College is one of the senior service colleges including the Army War College, the Marine Corps War College, and the USAF Air War College.  Additionally, the U.S. Department of Defense operates the National War College.
Devils Lake (Minnesota)
Devils Lake is a lake in the Otter Tail County in Minnesota. The lake occupies 314 acres (1.3 km2) in size. At its deepest point the lake is 67 feet (20 m) deep, however, most of the lake is 15 feet (4.6 m) or less in depth

The lake is a locally popular fishing spot. The lake is mesotrophic.

Otter Tail County, Minnesota
Otter Tail County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 60,081, and it was estimated at 60,884 in 2024. The county seat and the largest city is Fergus Falls.

Otter Tail County comprises the Fergus Falls micropolitan statistical area. With 1,048, Otter Tail County has more lakes than any other county in the United States.
Akke Kumlien
Akke Kumlien (1884–1949) was a Swedish calligrapher, typographer, graphic designer, type designer, artist etc.

He is the author of the book Bokstav och ande (The Letter and the Spirit) (Stockholm: Norstedt, 1948) and of Kunstneren og bokkunsten.

He is the subject of the book Akke Kumlien, book designer by Bror Zachrisson.

In 2004, an exhibit of his work took place at the National Library of Sweden in Stockholm.

Graphic designer
A graphic designer is a practitioner who follows the discipline of graphic design, either within companies or organizations or independently. They are professionals in design and visual communication, with their primary focus on transforming linguistic messages into graphic manifestations, whether tangible or intangible. They are responsible for planning, designing, projecting, and conveying messages or ideas through visual communication. Graphic design is one of the most in-demand professions with significant job opportunities, as it allows leveraging technological advancements and working online from anywhere in the world.
Terry Jones' Barbarians
Terry Jones' Barbarians is a 4-part TV documentary series first broadcast on BBC 2 in 2006. It was written and presented by Terry Jones, and it challenges the received Roman and Roman Catholic notion of the barbarian.

Professor Barry Cunliffe of the University of Oxford acted as consultant for the series.

Barry Cunliffe
Sir Barrington Windsor Cunliffe (born 10 December 1939), usually known as Sir Barry Cunliffe, is a British archaeologist and academic. He was Professor of European Archaeology at the University of Oxford from 1972 to 2007. Since 2007, he has been an emeritus professor.
Xilin County
Xilin County (Chinese: 西林县; pinyin: Xīlín Xiàn; Zhuang: Sihlinz Yen) is a county in the northwest of Guangxi, China, bordering Yunnan province to the south and west and Guizhou to the north. It is the westernmost county-level division of the autonomous region and is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Baise.

Administrative divisions of China
The administrative divisions of China have consisted of several levels since 1412, due to mainland China's large population and geographical area. In the People's Republic of China, the constitution provides for three levels of government. However in practice, there are five levels of local government; the provincial (province, autonomous region, municipality, and special administrative region), prefecture, county, township, and village.

Since the 17th century, provincial boundaries in mainland China have remained largely static. Major changes since then have been the reorganization of provinces in the northeast after the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949 and the formation of autonomous regions, based on Soviet ethnic policies. The provinces serve an important cultural role in China, as people tend to identify with their native province.
Minister (Catholic Church)
In the Catholic Church, the term minister is used with various meanings. Most commonly, the word refers to a person, either lay or ordained, who is commissioned to perform some act on behalf of the Catholic Church. It is not a particular office or rank of clergy, as is the case in some other Christian organisations; rather, minister may be used as a collective term for vocational or professional pastoral leaders including clergy (bishops, deacons, priests) and non-clergy (theologians and lay ecclesial ministers). It is also used in reference to the canonical and liturgical administration of sacraments, as part of some offices, and with reference to the exercise of the lay apostolate.

Apostolate
An apostolate is a Christian organization "directed to serving and evangelizing the world", most often associated with the Anglican Communion or the Catholic Church. In more general usage, an apostolate is an association of persons dedicated to the propagation of a religion or a doctrine. The word apostolate comes from the Greek word apostello, which means to "send forth" or "to dispatch". The Christian origin of the word comes from the twelve apostles who were selected by Christ; they had a "special vocation, a formal appointment of the Lord to a determined office, with connected authority and duties". An apostolate can be a Christian organization made up of the laity or of a specific Christian religious order.
Ventricle (heart)
A ventricle is one of two large chambers located toward the bottom of the heart that collect and expel blood towards the peripheral beds within the body and lungs. The blood pumped by a ventricle is supplied by an atrium, an adjacent chamber in the upper heart that is smaller than a ventricle. Interventricular means between the ventricles (for example the interventricular septum), while intraventricular means within one ventricle (for example an intraventricular block).

In a four-chambered heart, such as that in humans, there are two ventricles that operate in a double circulatory system: the right ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary circulation to the lungs, and the left ventricle pumps blood into the systemic circulation through the aorta.

Intraventricular block
An intraventricular block is a heart conduction disorder —  heart block of the ventricles of the heart. An example is a right bundle branch block, right fascicular block, bifascicular block, trifascicular block.
Barony of Chalandritsa
The Barony of Chalandritsa was a medieval Frankish fiefdom of the Principality of Achaea, located in the northern Peloponnese peninsula in Greece, and centred on the town of Chalandritsa (Greek: Χαλανδρίτσα; French: Calandrice, Calendrice; Italian: Calandrizza; Aragonese: C[h]alandrica) south of Patras.

Aragonese language
Aragonese (/ˌærəɡəˈniːz/ ARR-ə-gə-NEEZ; aragonés [aɾaɣoˈnes] in Aragonese) is a Romance language spoken in several dialects by about 12,000 people as of 2011, in the Pyrenees valleys of Aragon, Spain, primarily in the comarcas of Somontano de Barbastro, Jacetania, Alto Gállego, Sobrarbe, and Ribagorza/Ribagorça. It is the only modern language which survived from medieval Navarro-Aragonese in a form distinct from Spanish.

Historically, people referred to the language as fabla ('talk' or 'speech'). Native Aragonese people usually refer to it by the names of its local dialects such as cheso (from Valle de Hecho) or patués (from the Benasque Valley).
Ace Trucking Co.
Ace Trucking Co. is a comedy science fiction series that featured in the British comics magazine 2000 AD from 1981 to 1986.  Created by writers John Wagner and Alan Grant and artist Massimo Belardinelli, it followed the misadventures of a space trucking company headed by Ace Garp, a pointy-headed alien who spoke in a kind of futuristic CB radio slang.

The title was lifted from Ace Trucking Company, a 1970s improvisational comedy group whose membership had included Fred Willard, Patti Deutsch, Michael Mislove, George Memmoli, and Bill Saluga.

Ace Trucking Company
Ace Trucking Company was an American sketch and improv comedy team formed in New York City in 1969 and active through at least 1977, consisting of Michael Mislove, Fred Willard, George Memmoli, Patti Deutsch, and Bill Saluga. It was one of many splinter groups formed in this period by former The Second City performers, along with such groups as The Committee and The Graduates.
Xenia (hotel)
Xenia (Ξενία) was a nationwide hotel construction program initiated by the Hellenic Tourism Organisation (Ελληνικός Οργανισμός Τουρισμού, E.O.T.) to improve the country's tourism infrastructure in the 1960s and 1970s. It constitutes one of the largest infrastructure projects in modern Greek history.

Book Publishers LLC
Book Publishers LLC formerly Books LLC is an American publisher and a book sales club based in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Its primary work is collecting Wikipedia and Fandom articles and selling them as printed and downloadable books. In 2023, Book Publishers LLC transitioned to a hybrid publishing model, offering services tailored to the self-publishing market.
Beaghmore
Beaghmore is a complex of early Bronze Age megalithic features, stone circles and cairns, 8.5 miles north west of Cookstown, County Tyrone in Northern Ireland, on the south-east edge of the Sperrin Mountains.

Mackay's Dictionary of Ulster Place-names says that it is from Irish an Bheitheach Mhór, meaning "big place of birch trees", a name that reflects the fact that the area was a woodland before being cleared by Neolithic farmers.

Beaghmore stone circles, alignments and cairns are State Care Historic Monuments in the townland of Beaghmore, in the Cookstown District Council area, grid ref: Area of H684 842. At Beaghmore a cairn (grid ref: H6872 8470), a cairn (grid ref: H6856 8472), stone circles, alignments and cairns (grid ref: area of H684 842), round cairn with standing stones: Bradley's Cairn (grid ref: H6830 8401) and cairn and alignment (grid ref: H6863 8431), are all Scheduled Historic Monuments.

Sperrins
The Sperrins or Sperrin Mountains (Irish: Sliabh Speirín) are a mountain range in Northern Ireland. The range stretches from Strabane and Mullaghcarn in the west, to Slieve Gallion and the Glenshane Pass in the east, in the counties of Tyrone and Londonderry. The landscape is mostly moorland and blanket bog. The region has a population of some 150,000 and is a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
Anhembi virus
Anhembi virus (AMBV) is a species of virus.  It was initially considered a strain of Wyeomyia virus, belonging serologically to the Bunyamwera serogroup of bunyaviruses.  In 2018 it was made its own species.  It was isolated from the rodent - Proechimys iheringi - and a mosquito - Phoniomyia pilicauda - in São Paulo, Brazil.

Until 2001 this virus has not been reported to cause disease in humans.

Bunyamwera
Bunyamwera is a town in Bundibugyo District, Uganda.  It lies just outside of Rwenzori Mountains National Park, which is to the south.   The town is north of Kagugu, southeast of Bunyana, and southwest of Butama.  Other nearby settlements include Bundimbuga, 1½ km north, and Bundikahondo, 2 km northwest.  The peak of Busunga is 6 km northwest, Kyabwageya's peak is 10 km east, and Kinera's peak is 10 km east.  The nearest hospital, Kasulenge Health Center II, is 9 km northeast.

In the 1950s, Bunyamwera was considered a Konzo spur village, and children there went to primary school in the parish of Mutunda.

Bunyamwera parish includes two hydropower plants, Ndugutu and Sindila.

Bunyamwera is where Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus was first isolated, and it also lends its name to that virus' genus Orthobunyavirus, its family Peribunyaviridae, and its order Bunyavirales.
Ami Yamato
Ami Yamato is a Japanese virtual vlogger. In her videos, she makes vlogs from the perspective of a 3D-animated character who does not seem to realize that she is animated. She is based in London, England, having originally moved there from Japan in the spring of 2011. Her videos deal with topics like her love of Starbucks and her light-hearted perspective on the world. She has produced a series of parodies called "Mash-Ins" where she edits herself into popular movies and TV shows, changing the narrative with a comical twist.

Yamato has collaborated with other YouTubers such as Captain Disillusion on a Back to the Future-themed video. Natalie Tran (Community Channel), Jaiden Animations, Lily Hevesh, LetMeExplain Studios, PewDiePie, Marzia Kjellberg, Domics, Thomas Ridgewell (TomSka), Shutter Authority, and Sneaky Zebra. She was nominated for the "Vlogger of the Year" award at the 11th Shorty Awards.

In 2019, Yamato was featured in an episode of BBC Click about virtual YouTubers.

11th Shorty Awards
The 11th Shorty Awards were held on May 5, 2019, in New York City at the PlayStation Theater. The ceremony was hosted by American actress and comedian Kathy Griffin, along with a music performance by Tank and the Bangas. The event was live streamed on YouTube and Twitter with presenters including Denzel Dion, Devin Lytle, Eva Gutowski, Freddie Ransome, Grace Helbig, Jay Shetty, Lauren Giraldo, Mamrie Hart, Meghan Currie, Miles McKenna, Molly Burke, Raymond Braun, Remi Cruz, Ryland Adams, Samir Mezrahi, Sean Evans, Shangela, and The Try Guys.
Ellen Niit
Ellen Niit (born Ellen Hiob; Ellen Niit since 1958) (13 July 1928 – 30 May 2016) was an Estonian children's writer, poet and translator. Over her lifetime, she penned more than forty books of both prose and poetry for children. She also wrote a number of collections of prose and poetry for adults. Her works have been translated into eighteen languages.

Estonians
Estonians or Estonian people (Estonian: eestlased) are a Finnic ethnic group native to the Baltic Sea region in Northern Europe, primarily their nation state of Estonia.

Estonians primarily speak the Estonian language, a language closely related to other Finnic languages, e.g. Finnish, Karelian and Livonian. Estonians can also be classified into subgroups according to dialects (e.g. Võros, Setos), although such divisions have become less pronounced due to internal migration and rapid urbanisation in Estonia in the 20th century.

There are approximately 1.1 million ethnic Estonians worldwide, with the majority of them residing in their native Estonia. Estonian diaspora communities formed primarily in Finland, the United States, Sweden, Canada, and the United Kingdom.