hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Saint-Donat, Lanaudière
Saint-Donat (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ dɔna]) is a township municipality in the Canadian province of Quebec, part of the Regional County Municipality of Matawinie, within the larger administrative region of Lanaudière. The main town within the township is also identified as Saint-Donat-de-Montcalm to distinguish it from a parish municipality with the same name in La Mitis RCM. It is located approximately 135 kilometres (84 mi) northwest of Montreal. The town is surrounded by mountains and numerous water basins of the Laurentian Mountains. The nearest natural landmark is the Mont-Tremblant National Park.

Cardinal direction
The four cardinal directions or cardinal points are the four main compass directions: north (N), east (E), south (S), and west (W). The corresponding azimuths (clockwise horizontal angle from north) are 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°.

The four ordinal directions or intercardinal directions are northeast (NE), southeast (SE), southwest (SW), and northwest (NW).
The corresponding azimuths are 45°, 135°, 225°, and 315°.

The intermediate direction of every pair of neighboring cardinal and intercardinal directions is called a secondary intercardinal direction. These eight shortest points in the compass rose shown to the right are:

West-northwest (WNW)

North-northwest (NNW)

North-northeast (NNE)

East-northeast (ENE)

East-southeast (ESE)

South-southeast (SSE)

South-southwest (SSW)

West-southwest (WSW)

Points between the cardinal directions form the points of the compass. Arbitrary horizontal directions may be indicated by their azimuth angle value.
Simon Balle All-through School
Simon Balle All-through School is a co-educational secondary school, sixth form, and most recently primary school with academy status located in Hertford, Hertfordshire, England. Its name derives from Simon de Balle, one of two deputies (MPs) sent to Parliament to represent the Borough in 1298. He had owned Balls Park, which is adjacent to the school's location. The school converted to academy status on 1 November 2013.

Balls Park
Balls Park in Hertford is a Grade I Listed mid-17th-century house. The estate and house are set in over 63 acres of parkland which is listed Grade II on the English Heritage Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest. The estate and house has been claimed to have been the inspiration for Netherfield in Jane Austen's novel Pride and Prejudice, which is set in Hertfordshire.
Richard P. Snyder
Richard Paul Snyder (born 1960) is a retired United States Navy vice admiral who last served as the 41st Naval Inspector General. Previously, he was the director of strategy, plans, and policy of the United States Northern Command. Snyder earned a B.S. degree in management from Tulane University in 1983. He was designated a naval aviator in November 1984. Snyder later received an M.S. degree in operations research from the Naval Postgraduate School.

Vice admiral (United States)
Vice admiral (abbreviated as VADM) is a three-star commissioned officer rank in the United States Navy, the United States Coast Guard, the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps, and the United States Maritime Service, with the pay grade of O-9. Vice admiral ranks above rear admiral and below admiral. Vice admiral is equivalent to the rank of lieutenant general in the other uniformed services.
Dean of Durham
The Dean of Durham is the "head" (primus inter pares – first among equals) and chair of the Chapter, the ruling body of Durham Cathedral. The dean and chapter are based at the Cathedral Church of Christ, Blessed Mary the Virgin and St Cuthbert of Durham in Durham. The cathedral is the mother church of the Diocese of Durham and seat of the Bishop of Durham. The dean was also previously the head (warden) of Durham University until 1909, and continues to be an ex officio member of the university council.

The dean's official residence is the Deanery, excluding episcopal palaces the largest residence in the Church of England, which adjoins the cathedral cloister and faces onto the cathedral college.

Bishop's palace
A bishop's palace is a form of ecclesiastical architecture constituting the official residence of a bishop. The term was not used in the British Isles until the Church of England was restructured following the Norman Conquest of 1066 AD. However, the oldest has been dated to the seventh century. A bishop's palace provided luxury accommodation for a bishop along with facilities for the bishop's staff. See palaces were those which were in the vicinity of the bishops' cathedrals, others were more modest manor houses. They were generally set within enclosures, sometimes moated, often including ancillary buildings, such as halls, chapels or gatehouses. Although many were used throughout the medieval period, their use declined after the Reformation, and only a few are still in use in the twenty-first century. Historic England have positively identified about 150 bishops' palaces in England, all of which they regard as being of national importance.
Ephraim M. Sparrow
Ephraim Maurice Sparrow (May 27, 1928 – August 1, 2019) was a Professor of Engineering  at the University of Minnesota. He is known for his contributions to all aspects of heat transfer and fluid mechanics. Sparrow has been listed as an ISI Highly Cited Author in Engineering by the ISI Web of Knowledge, Thomson Scientific Company.

Web of Science
The Web of Science (WoS; previously known as Web of Knowledge) is a paid-access platform that provides (typically via the internet) access to multiple databases that provide reference and citation data from academic journals, conference proceedings, and other documents in various academic disciplines.

Until 1997, it was originally produced by the Institute for Scientific Information. It is currently owned by Clarivate.

Web of Science currently contains 79 million records in the core collection and 171 million records on the platform.
God's Problem Child
God's Problem Child is the 66th solo studio album by American singer-songwriter Willie Nelson. It was released on April 28, 2017, by Legacy Recordings. The album features new songs co-written by Nelson and producer Buddy Cannon. Using their frequent method, Cannon and Nelson wrote the songs exchanging the lyrics in text messages, while Nelson later recorded his vocals in the studio.

Legacy Recordings
Legacy Recordings is an American record label that is a division of Sony Music. Formed in 1990 after Sony's acquisition of CBS Records, Legacy originally handled the archives of Sony Music-owned labels Columbia Records and Epic Records. In 2004, under the Sony BMG joint venture, the label began to manage the archives of RCA Records, J Records, Windham Hill Records, Arista, LaFace, Jive, and Buddah Records. Legacy Recordings also distributes Philadelphia International Records and the catalog of recordings produced by Phil Spector. It is not related to the defunct British independent label Legacy Records.
Tadese Tola
Tadese Tola (born 31 October 1987) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner. He has represented Ethiopia at World championship level in cross country, road running, and on the track.

He made his first impact in 2006, helping the Ethiopian teams to bronze medals in the junior race at the 2006 IAAF World Cross Country Championships and the 20 km race at the 2006 IAAF World Road Running Championships. He won a silver medal at the All-Africa Games in the 10,000 metres and ran at the 2007 World Championships.

He has largely focused on road running since 2008, scoring wins at the New York City Half Marathon and San Silvestre Vallecana. He made his marathon debut in 2009 at the Chicago Marathon and won on his second attempt at the Paris Marathon. He was the bronze medallist in the marathon at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics.

Falmouth Road Race
The Falmouth Road Race is an annual 7.0-mile (11.3 km) road race run from Woods Hole to Falmouth Heights in the town of Falmouth, Massachusetts on Cape Cod. The race is one of the premier non-marathon races in the country, with a field typically including many of the best American and international runners, including both past and future Olympic athletes.

The race is organized by Falmouth Road Race, Inc., a nonprofit that uses profits to benefit local charities. The race director is Dave McGillivray. In 2021, ASICS became the race title sponsor.
Kupros
Kupros (Russian: Купрос) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Kuprosskoye Rural Settlement, Yusvinsky District, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 475 as of 2010. There are 18 streets.

Yusvinsky District
Yusvinsky District (Russian: Ю́сьвинский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion) of Komi-Permyak Okrug of Perm Krai, Russia; one of the thirty-three in the krai. Municipally, it is incorporated as Yusvinsky Municipal District. It is located in the center of the krai. The area of the district is 3,100 square kilometers (1,200 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Yusva. Population:  19,558 (2010 Census); 23,724 (2002 Census); 28,677 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Yusva accounts for 23.9% of the district's total population.
Victor Love
Victor Love is an American actor, best known for the role of Bigger Thomas in the 1986 movie adaptation of the Richard Wright novel Native Son, for which he was nominated the Independent Spirit Award for Best Male Lead.

Richard Wright (author)
Richard Nathaniel Wright (1908–1960), also known as Nathan Paul, was an American author of novels, short stories, poems, and non-fiction. Much of his literature concerns racial themes, especially related to the plight of African Americans during the late 19th to mid 20th centuries suffering discrimination and violence. His best known works include the novella collection Uncle Tom's Children (1938), the novel Native Son (1940), and the memoir Black Boy (1945). Literary critics believe his work helped change race relations in the United States in the mid-20th century.
1998 Occidental Petroleum Boeing 737 crash
The 1998 Occidental Petroleum Boeing 737 crash occurred on May 5, 1998 a Boeing 737-282, leased from the Fuerza Aérea del Perú (Peruvian Air Force) and servicing a charter flight for Occidental Petroleum, crashed in rainy weather while on approach to Andoas, a town in Peru close to the border with Ecuador, killing 75 people on board; eleven passengers and two crew members survived.

Occidental Petroleum chartered the aircraft to transport workers to the Andoas oil field. The aircraft was registered as FAP-351 (c/n 23041 / m/n 962) and had only entered service with the Peruvian Air Force a few weeks before the crash.

Occidental Petroleum
Occidental Petroleum Corporation (often abbreviated Oxy in reference to its ticker symbol and logo) is an American company engaged in hydrocarbon exploration in the United States and the Middle East as well as petrochemical manufacturing in the United States, Canada, and Chile. It is incorporated under the Delaware General Corporation Law and headquartered in Houston. The company ranked 183rd on the 2021 Fortune 500 based on its 2020 revenues and 670th on the 2021 Forbes Global 2000.
Cross-origin resource sharing
In computing, cross-origin resource sharing (CORS) is a mechanism to safely bypass the same-origin policy; that is, it allows a web page to access restricted resources from a web server on a domain name different from the domain that served the web page.

A web page may freely embed cross-origin images, stylesheets, scripts, iframes, and videos. Certain "cross-domain" HTTP requests, notably Ajax requests, are forbidden by default by the same-origin security policy. CORS defines a way in which a web browser and server can interact to determine whether it is safe to allow the cross-origin request. It allows for more freedom and functionality than purely same-origin requests, but is more secure than simply allowing all cross-origin requests.

The specification for CORS is included as part of the WHATWG's Fetch Living Standard. This specification describes how CORS is currently implemented in browsers. An earlier specification was published as a W3C Recommendation.

Style sheet (web development)
A web style sheet is a form of separation of content and presentation for web design in which the markup (i.e., HTML or XHTML) of a webpage contains the page's semantic content and structure, but does not define its visual layout (style). Instead, the style is defined in an external style sheet file using a style sheet language such as CSS or XSLT. This design approach is identified as a "separation" because it largely supersedes the antecedent methodology in which a page's markup defined both style and structure.

The philosophy underlying this methodology is a specific case of separation of concerns.
Dong District, Daejeon
Dong District (Korean: 동구; RR: Dong-gu) is a district in Daejeon, South Korea. Dong-gu consists of a total of 16 dongs, including Yongun-dong, Hyo-dong, and Sannae-dong.

To the east, the district borders Okcheon, Daedeok District, and Jung District. To the south, it borders Geumsan, South Chungcheong Province, and to the north, it borders Cheongwon and northern Okcheon.

Jung District, Daejeon
Jung District (Korean: 중구; RR: Jung-gu) is a gu in southern central Daejeon, South Korea. The population is 227,108 as of 2022. It consists of 17 branches including Sunhwa-dong, Mokdong, Jungchon-dong, Daeheung-dong, Munchang-dong, Seokgyodong, Daesa-dong, Bussa-dong, Sanseong-dong, Yongdu-dong, Yudong-dong, Taepyeong 1 ~ 2 dong, Yucheon 1 ~ 2 dong and Culture 1 ~ 2 dong. The location of the ward office is in Daeheung-dong, Jung-gu.
DeBreuck Glacier
DeBreuck Glacier (82°53′S 162°50′E﻿ / ﻿82.883°S 162.833°E﻿ / -82.883; 162.833) is a glacier, 8 nautical miles (15 km) long, which is a southern tributary to Kent Glacier in the Queen Elizabeth Range. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from tellurometer surveys and Navy air photos, 1960–62, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for William DeBreuck, a United States Antarctic Research Program (USARP) Belgian glaciologist at the South Pole Station, 1962–63.

DeBreuck was a member of the USARP South Pole—Queen Maud Land Traverse III (SPQMLT-3) 1967–68, and the first Belgian researcher to set foot on the Polar Plateau.

Belgians
Belgians (Dutch: Belgen [ˈbɛlɣə(n)] ⓘ; French: Belges [bɛlʒ] ⓘ; German: Belgier [ˈbɛlɡi̯ɐ] ⓘ) are people identified with the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe. As Belgium is a multinational state, this connection may be residential, legal, historical, or cultural rather than ethnic. The majority of Belgians, however, belong to two distinct linguistic groups or communities (Dutch: gemeenschap; French: communauté) native to the country, i.e. its historical regions: Flemings in Flanders, who speak Dutch, West Flemish and Limburgish; and Walloons in Wallonia, who speak French or Walloon. There is also a substantial Belgian diaspora, which has settled primarily in the United States, Canada, France, and the Netherlands.
Ulnar tunnel syndrome
Ulnar tunnel syndrome, also known as Guyon's canal syndrome or Handlebar palsy, is ulnar neuropathy at the wrist where it passes through the ulnar tunnel (Guyon's canal).  The most common presentation is a palsy of the deep motor branch of the ulnar nerve causing weakness of the interosseous muscles.  Ulnar tunnel syndrome is usually caused by a ganglion cyst pressing on the ulnar nerve; other causes include trauma to the wrist and repetitive movements, but often the cause is unknown (idiopathic). Long-distance bicycle rides are associated with transient alterations in ulnar nerve function. Sensory loss in the ring and small fingers is usually due to ulnar nerve entrapment at the cubital tunnel near the elbow, which is known as cubital tunnel syndrome. It can uncommonly be due to compression at the wrist.

Wrist
In human anatomy, the wrist is variously defined as (1) the carpus or carpal bones, the complex of eight bones forming the proximal skeletal segment of the hand; (2) the wrist joint or radiocarpal joint, the joint between the radius and the carpus and; (3) the anatomical region surrounding the carpus including the distal parts of the bones of the forearm and the proximal parts of the metacarpus or five metacarpal bones and the series of joints between these bones, thus referred to as wrist joints.  This region also includes the carpal tunnel, the anatomical snuff box, bracelet lines, the flexor retinaculum, and the extensor retinaculum.

As a consequence of these various definitions, fractures to the carpal bones are referred to as carpal fractures, while fractures such as distal radius fracture are often considered fractures to the wrist.
Waverveen
Waverveen is a village in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is located in the municipality of De Ronde Venen, 3 km west of Vinkeveen.

Waverveen was a separate municipality until 1841, when it was merged with Vinkeveen to form the municipality of Vinkeveen en Waverveen. Until 1 October 1819, Waverveen was part of Holland. The economy is mainly based on agriculture.

It was first mentioned in 1339 as "toit Waverveen", and means "moorland of the Waver (river)". In 1672, French troops entered the village and demanded hay for their horses. They were not satisfied by the amount of hay, therefore, burnt to the village and killed several inhabitants. In 1840, it was home to 484 people.

Utrecht (province)
Utrecht (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈytrɛxt] ⓘ), officially the Province of Utrecht (Dutch: Provincie Utrecht), is a province of the Netherlands. It is located in the centre of the country, bordering the Eemmeer in the north-east, the province of Gelderland in the east and south-east, the province of South Holland in the west and south-west and the province of North Holland in the north-west and north. The province of Utrecht has a population of about 1,388,000 as of January 2023. With a land area of approximately 1,484 square kilometres (573 sq mi), it is the second smallest province in the country. Apart from its eponymous capital, major cities and towns in the province are Amersfoort, Houten, IJsselstein, Nieuwegein, Veenendaal and Zeist. The busiest railway station in the Netherlands, Utrecht Centraal, is located in the province of Utrecht.
Sahen
Sahen (Arabic: الصحن)  is a Syrian village located in Muhambal Nahiyah in Ariha District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Sahen had a population of 2,035 in the 2004 census.

Idlib Governorate
Idlib Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة ادلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Idlib) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in northwestern Syria, bordering Turkey's Hatay province to the north, Aleppo Governorate to the east, Hama Governorate to the south, and Latakia Governorate to the west. Reports of its area vary, depending on the source, from 5,933 square kilometres (2,291 sq mi)2 to 6,097 square kilometres (2,354 sq mi)2. The provincial capital is Idlib.
John Thomas Dunn (chemist)
John Thomas Dunn (19 April 1858 – 3 January 1939) was an English analytical chemist. He was also a teacher and author. He became President of the Royal Society of Chemistry and received the highest honours his scientific colleagues could bestow.

He was Durham University's first Master of Science and subsequently became its first Doctor of Science. He was the founding principal of the Northern Polytechnic Institute in London. He later practised as an analytical and consulting chemist in North East England and was the public analyst for Newcastle upon Tyne, for the county of Northumberland and for several of the major industrial towns of the North East. He was a hereditary freeman of Newcastle upon Tyne.  On his death he was described as "the Father of Tyneside Chemistry".

North East England
North East England, often referred to as simply the North East within England, is one of nine official regions of England. It consists of County Durham, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear and part of North Yorkshire. With 2.6 million residents in 2022, it is the least populous region of England. Its largest settlements include Newcastle upon Tyne, Sunderland, Middlesbrough, Gateshead, Darlington and Hartlepool. The North East is covered by two mayoral combined authorities: North East Combined Authority and Tees Valley Combined Authority. It is one of three regions, the other two being North West England and Yorkshire and the Humber, that make up Northern England.
Renegade Monk (cheese)
Renegade Monk is an English rind-washed artisan soft blue cheese produced at Feltham's Farm in Somerset from organic cow’s milk.

It was the winner of Best British Cheese in the 2020 Virtual Cheese Awards, held in July 2020 in response to the cancellation of most of the British annual cheese awards as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Artisan cheese
Artisanal cheese refers to cheeses produced by hand using the traditional craftsmanship of skilled cheesemakers. As a result, the cheeses are often more complex in taste and variety. Many are aged and ripened to achieve certain aesthetics. This contrasts with the more mild flavors of mass-produced cheeses produced in large-scale operations, often shipped and sold right away.

Part of the artisanal cheese-making process is the aging and ripening of the cheeses to develop flavor and textural characteristics. One type of artisanal cheese is known as farmstead cheese, made traditionally with milk from the producer's own herds of cows, sheep, and goats. Artisan cheeses may be made by mixing milk from multiple farms, whereas the more strict definition of farmstead cheese (or farmhouse cheese) requires that milk come only from one farm.
I, Frankenstein
I, Frankenstein is a 2014 science fantasy action film written and directed by Stuart Beattie, based on the digital-only graphic novel by Kevin Grevioux. An international co-production between the United States and Australia, the film was produced by Tom Rosenberg, Gary Lucchesi, Richard Wright, Andrew Mason and Sidney Kimmel. It stars Aaron Eckhart, Bill Nighy, Yvonne Strahovski, Miranda Otto and Jai Courtney. The film tells the story of Adam, Frankenstein's creature, who embarks on a dangerous journey to stop evil demons and their ruthless leader from taking over the world.

The film was released on January 24, 2014, in the United States and on March 20, 2014, in Australia. The film received extremely negative reviews and was a box-office bomb, grossing $76 million worldwide against a production budget of $65 million.

Tom Rosenberg
Tom B. Rosenberg (born 1947/1948) is an American film producer, co-founder of Beacon Pictures; and founder and chairman of Lakeshore Entertainment. He is a recipient of the 2004 Academy Award for Best Picture for the film Million Dollar Baby.
Bit error rate
In digital transmission, the number of bit errors is the number of received bits of a data stream over a communication channel that have been altered due to noise, interference, distortion or bit synchronization errors.

The bit error rate (BER) is the number of bit errors per unit time. The bit error ratio (also BER) is the number of bit errors divided by the total number of transferred bits during a studied time interval. Bit error ratio is a unitless performance measure, often expressed as a percentage.

The bit error probability pe is the expected value of the bit error ratio. The bit error ratio can be considered as an approximate estimate of the bit error probability. This estimate is accurate for a long time interval and a high number of bit errors.

Percentage
In mathematics, a percentage, percent, or per cent (from Latin  per centum 'by a hundred') is a number or ratio expressed as a fraction of 100. It is often denoted using the percent sign (%), although the abbreviations pct., pct, and sometimes pc are also used. A percentage is a dimensionless number (pure number), primarily used for expressing proportions, but percent is nonetheless a unit of measurement in its orthography and usage.