hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Text messaging
Text messaging, or texting, is the act of composing and sending electronic messages, typically consisting of alphabetic and numeric characters, between two or more users of mobile phones, tablet computers, smartwatches, desktops/laptops, or another type of compatible computer. Text messages may be sent over a cellular network or may also be sent via satellite or Internet connection.

The term originally referred to messages sent using the Short Message Service (SMS) on mobile devices. It has grown beyond alphanumeric text to include multimedia messages using the Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) and Rich Communication Services (RCS), which can contain digital images, videos, and sound content, as well as ideograms known as emoji (happy faces, sad faces, and other icons), and on various instant messaging apps. Text messaging has been an extremely popular medium of communication since the turn of the century and has also influenced changes in society.

One NZ
One New Zealand (formerly known as Vodafone New Zealand) is a New Zealand telecommunications company. One NZ is the largest wireless carrier in New Zealand, accounting for 38% of the country's mobile market in 2021.
Hypolobocera
Hypolobocera is a genus of freshwater crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae, found in Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. The major and future threats to these species include human-induced habitat loss/degradation and water pollution.

Threat
A threat is a communication of intent to inflict harm or loss on another person. Intimidation is a tactic used between conflicting parties to make the other timid or psychologically insecure for coercion or control. The act of intimidation for coercion is considered a threat.

Threatening or threatening behavior (or criminal threatening behavior) is the crime of intentionally or knowingly putting another person in fear of bodily injury.

In business negotiation, threats include the prospects that one party will walk away from the negotiation, file a lawsuit, or damage the other party's reputation.

Some of the more common types of threats forbidden by law are those made with an intent to obtain a monetary advantage or to compel a person to act against their will. In most U.S. states, it is an offense to threaten to (1) use a deadly weapon on another person; (2) injure another's person or property; or (3) injure another's reputation.
Himal Karki
Himal Karki (Nepali: हिमाल कार्की) is a  aNepalese Politician and member of the 2nd Koshi Provincial Assembly. Karki is also the deputy leader of the Nepali Congress party in the Provincial Assembly. He served as Minister for Physical Infrastructure Development of Province No. 1 from November 2021 to January 2023.

Ministry of Physical Infrastructure Development
The Ministry of Physical Infrastructure Development is a governmental body of Koshi Province, Nepal mainly responsible for the construction and development of basic physical infrastructure including roads, bridges, buildings and urban development.
Rajesh Tope
Rajesh Ankushrao Tope is an Indian politician and member of the Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar).He was Member of Legislative assembly till November 2024. Rajesh Tope won the Ghansawangi (Vidhan Sabha constituency) in 2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election. He won the 2009 Assembly Election from the same constituency.2019 to 2024 was his third term as a member from Ghansawangi constituency, while before that he was 2 Time MLA from Ambad constituency, Maharashtra Legislative Assembly MLA. He served as the Health Minister of Maharashtra in the Uddhav Thackeray ministry. He also worked as a guardian minister of Jalna in his political career.

Ghansawangi
Ghansawangi or Ghansavangi is a city and a tehsil in the Partur subdivision of the Jalna district in the state of Maharashtra, India. Its distance from Aurangabad (by road and on highway) is about 60 kilometers.

Ghansavangi is within the Parbhani Loksabha constituency. Parbhani consists of Jintur, Gangakhed, Partur, Pathri and Parbhani Assembly constituencies. Hikamat Udhan, the Health Minister in the Maharashtra state government, represents the Ghansawangi assembly constituency.

Gurupimpri is one of the oldest villages in Ghansawangi tehsil.
Azoarcus indigens
Azoarcus indigens is a species of bacteria. It is a nitrogen-fixing bacteria associated with roots of Leptochloa fusca . Its cells are yellow-pigmented, straight to curved, gram-negative rods. Its type strain is VB32 (= LMG 9092).

Diplachne fusca
Diplachne fusca, called bearded sprangletop and Kallar grass, is a widespread species of grass in the genus Diplachne, native to North America, the Caribbean, South America, Africa, Asia, and Australia, and introduced in Europe, New Zealand and Hawaii, among other places. It prefers to live in salty, wet conditions, such as in salt marshes and shallow depressions.
NADP-retinol dehydrogenase
NADP-retinol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.300, all-trans retinal reductase, all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase, NADP(H)-dependent retinol dehydrogenase/reductase, RDH11, RDH12, RDH13, RDH14, retinol dehydrogenase 12, retinol dehydrogenase 14, retinol dehydrogenase (NADP+), RalR1, PSDR1) is an enzyme with systematic name retinol:NADP+ oxidoreductase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction:

This enzyme has greater catalytic efficiency in the reductive direction.

RDH12
Retinol dehydrogenase 12 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RDH12 gene.

Retinoids are indispensable light-sensitive elements of vision and also serve as essential modulators of cellular differentiation and proliferation in diverse cell types. RDH12 belongs to a family of dual-specificity retinol dehydrogenases that metabolize both all-trans- and cis-retinols (Haeseleer et al., 2002).[supplied by OMIM]
Diocese of Baku and Azerbaijan
Diocese of Baku and Azerbaijan (Russian: Бакинская и Азербайджанская епархия, Azerbaijani: Bakı və Azərbaycan yeparxiyası) is a diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church in Azerbaijan. Majority of its members are ethnic Russians of Azerbaijan. Entire territory of Azerbaijan is under ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Russian Orthodox Eparchy of Baku and Azerbaijan, centered in the Holy Myrrhbearers Cathedral in Baku. The Church of Michael Archangel also exist in Baku. Aleksiy Smirnov is the current bishop.

Church of Michael the Archangel, Baku
Church of Michael the Archangel (Russian: Михайло-Архангельский храм; Azerbaijani: Mixayil Arxangel kilsəsi) or Flotskaya (Church of the Fleet) is a Russian Orthodox church located at the intersection of Vidadi and Zargarpalan streets  in the Yasamal district, central Baku, Azerbaijan. It is under the jurisdiction of the Baku Eparchy  and dedicated to Archangel Michael. The church's protoiereus is Mefodi Afendiyev, and it is served by three priests and one deacon. It is recognized as the oldest surviving church in Baku.
Poribacteria-1 RNA motif
The Poribacteria-1 RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure that was discovered by bioinformatics.
The Poribacteria-1 motif is found only in the candidate bacterial phylum known as Poribacteria, and all 6 Poribacteria-1 RNAs are actually found in one organism, Candidatus Poribacteria sp. WGA-4E.  All but one of these RNAs occur within roughly 6 kilobases of genomic DNA, and each of the 5 RNAs occurs between a different pair of protein-coding genes.  This arrangement could suggest that the motif functions on the level of single-stranded DNA as attC sites that are part of an integron.  It is also possible that Poribacteria-1 RNAs are cis-regulatory elements that regulate genes that happen to often be nearby to one another, or that the RNAs function in trans as small RNAs.

Poribacteria
Poribacteria are a candidate phylum of bacteria originally discovered in the microbiome of marine sponges (Porifera). Poribacteria are Gram-negative primarily aerobic mixotrophs with the ability for oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, and autotrophic carbon fixation via the Wood – Ljungdahl pathway. Poribacterial heterotrophy is characterised by an enriched set of glycoside hydrolases, uronic acid degradation, as well as several specific sulfatases. This heterotrophic repertoire of poribacteria was suggested to be involved in the degradation of the extracellular sponge host matrix.
2024 in Misfits Boxing
2024 in Misfits Boxing is the third year in the history of Misfits Boxing, a crossover boxing promotion founded by English influencer KSI and run by Mams Taylor, Kalle Sauerland, and Nisse Sauerland. Misfits Boxing held 8 events in 2024.

Troxy
Troxy is a Grade II-listed Art Deco music venue on Commercial Road in Stepney, London. Built as a cinema in 1933, it closed in 1960 and became a training school for the London Opera Centre. In the 1980s the building was used as a bingo hall, and the Troxy was converted to a live events space in 2006. The building is considered a vital part of East London's history and was Grade II listed in 1990. It has a capacity of 3,100.
The Voice Kids (Albanian TV series) season 2
The second season of the Albanian reality talent show The Voice Kids Albania began airing on January 19, 2018 and ended on April 20, 2018, being broadcast on a weekly basis on Top Channel.

Miriam Cani,  Aleksandër & Renis Gjoka and Eneda Tarifa were the new coaches replacing all coaches from the first season. Ledion Liço was the new host and Dojna Mema was the V-Reporter and she hosted in the live shows the V-Room in YouTube and Facebook. The Vocal Coaches were Kamela Islamaj (Team Miriam), Genti Myftaraj (Team Gjoka) and Kejsi Tola (Team Eneda).

Denis Bonjaku from Team Miriam won this season and he earned a scholarship at the gymnasium New York High School of Tirana and one Weekend in Gardaland with his family.

Talent show
A talent show or talent contest is an event in which participants perform the arts of singing, dancing, lip-syncing, acting, martial arts, playing an instrument, poetry, comedy or other activities to showcase skills. Many talent shows are performances rather than contests, but some are actual contests. In the instance of a contest, participants may be motivated to perform for a reward, trophy, or prize of some kind. For example, a high school might not have many students with any interest in performing in front of the student body for the sole purpose of performing alone and may offer different prizes as an incentive for these students to participate in the contest.
2017–18 FIS Ski Jumping Continental Cup
The 2017/18 FIS Ski Jumping Continental Cup was the 27th in a row (25th official) Continental Cup winter season in ski jumping for men and the 14th for ladies. This was also the 16th summer continental cup season for men and 10th for ladies.

After twenty-eight years break, the total 29th edition of the "Beskidy Tour" returned to the ski jumping, first time as part of the Continental Cup. Competition was originally held between 1958 and 1989 as FIS Race event. A total of three competitions at three different hills in two countries took place from 18–20 August 2017. Competition was held in Szczyrk, Wisła and Frenštát pod Radhoštěm. Overall winner became Klemens Murańka from Poland.

Other competitive circuits this season included the World Cup, Grand Prix, FIS Cup, FIS Race and Alpen Cup.

Wisła
Wisła (Polish: [ˈviswa] ⓘ; Czech: Visla; Silesian: Wistula; German: Weichsel [ˈvaɪksl̩] ⓘ) is a town in Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, with a population of about 11,132 (2019), near the border with the Czech Republic. It is situated in the Silesian Beskids mountain range in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia and ethnic region of the Silesian Gorals. Wisła is the Polish name for the Vistula River, which has its source in the mountains near the town.

It is the only town in Poland with a majority Lutheran population (as of 2006 roughly two-thirds of the population were Protestant, which is a drop from 94,4% in 1900).

Wisła is a popular year-round tourist destination, being home to Malinka, a ski jumping hill. It is also known for being the home town of ski jumper Adam Małysz. Wisła is also the home of the Beskid Museum displaying agricultural tools, folk costumes and goatskin bagpipes from the surrounding region.
Tony Kett
Tony Kett (1 June 1951 – 19 April 2009) was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician and member of Seanad Éireann. In 1997, he was elected to the 21st Seanad by the Administrative Panel. He was elected again in 2002 and in 2007.

Born in Woodlawn, County Galway, Kett was an administrator of the Central Remedial Clinic. He was reportedly a key member of the "Drumcondra Mafia", as Bertie Ahern's inner circle of constituency supporters are dubbed.

He was co-opted as member of Dublin City Council for the North Inner City electoral area in 1988 to replace Bertie Ahern (who had resigned when he was appointed a government minister) and was re-elected at the 1999 local elections. With the abolition of the dual mandate, he did not contest the 2004 local elections.

He died on 19 April 2009 of cancer. Tributes were led by Taoiseach Brian Cowen and Taoiseach Bertie Ahern.

Kett was succeeded in the Seanad by former County Louth councillor James Carroll.

Administrative Panel
The Administrative Panel is one of five vocational panels which together elect 43 of the 60 members of Seanad Éireann, the senate of the Oireachtas (the legislature of Ireland). The Administrative Panel elects seven senators.
Schlechtenberg Solarpark
The Schlechtenberg Solarpark consists of 33,000 solar panels by Hanwha SolarOne, has a length of 1.2 kilometers (0.75 mi) and a width of 100 meters (330 ft). Inaugurated in September 2013, it was the largest photovoltaic power station in the Allgäu, Swabia, Germany.

Swabia
Swabia is a cultural, historical and linguistic region in southwestern Germany. The name is ultimately derived from the medieval Duchy of Swabia, one of the German stem duchies, representing the historic settlement area of the  Germanic tribe alliances named Alemanni and Suebi.

This territory would include all of the Alemannic German area, but the modern concept of Swabia is more restricted, due to the collapse of the duchy of Swabia in the thirteenth century. Swabia as understood in modern ethnography roughly coincides with the Swabian Circle of the Holy Roman Empire as it stood during the early modern period, now divided between the states of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg.

Swabians (Schwaben, singular Schwabe) are the natives of Swabia and speakers of Swabian German. Their number was estimated at close to 800,000 by SIL Ethnologue as of 2006, out of a total population of 7.5 million in the regions of Tübingen, Stuttgart and Bavarian Swabia.
2012 Fukuoka International Women's Cup – Doubles
Shuko Aoyama and Rika Fujiwara were the defending champions, but Fujiwara chose not to participate. Aoyama paired up with Junri Namigata but lost in the first round to Chan Chin-wei and Hsu Wen-hsin.

Monique Adamczak and Stephanie Bengson won the title, defeating Misa Eguchi and Akiko Omae in the final, 6–4, 6–4.

Stephanie Bengson
Stephanie Bengson (born 31 January 1987) is an Australian former tennis player. Her career has developed more in doubles than singles. Her highest singles ranking is No. 541, achieved in October 2012. Her highest doubles ranking is No. 154, achieved in June 2012.
Yaghi (surname)
Yaghi (Arabic: ياغي) is an Arabic surname.

Notable people with the surname include:

Brigitte Yaghi (born 1987), Lebanese pop singer

Kenan Yaghi (born 1976), Syrian politician

Racha Yaghi (born 2002), Lebanese footballer

Omar M. Yaghi (born 1965), American-Jordanian academic

Omar M. Yaghi
Omar Mwannes Yaghi (Arabic: عمر مُؤنس ياغي; born February 9, 1965) is a chemist best known for developing metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and pioneering reticular chemistry. He was awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, shared with Richard Robson and Susumu Kitagawa, for this work.

Yaghi is a University Professor and James and Neeltje Tretter Endowed Chair in Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley. He is also an affiliate scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, founding director of the Berkeley Global Science Institute, and a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. In January 2025, he became the seventh president of the World Cultural Council, an international organization promoting cultural and scientific advancement.
United States Medical Licensing Examination
The United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) is a three-step examination program for medical licensure in the United States, sponsored by the Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB) and the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME). Individuals with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree are required to pass the USMLE for medical licensure. Those with a Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine degree (DO) may take either the COMLEX-USA or the USMLE for medical licensure, while the COMLEX-USA is required for osteopathic licensure.

It is a standardized test that assesses a medical student's knowledge of basic science concepts and their application to clinical medicine. The exam is divided into three components required for medical licensure in the United States and is typically taken by students after their second year of medical school. States may enact additional testing and/or licensing requirements.

Prometric
Prometric, also known as Prometric Testing, is an American test administration company. The corporate headquarters are located in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. The company manages a network of test centers with thousands of sites in 160 countries, where various examinations are conducted.
Dagmar Vermeulen
Dagmar Vermeulen is a Dutch former female professional squash player. She achieved her highest PSA world ranking of 70 in September 2007. She was part of the Dutch squad which competed at the 2008 Women's World Team Squash Championships.

2008 Women's World Team Squash Championships
The 2008 Women's World Team Squash Championships was the women's edition of the 2008 World Team Squash Championships organized by the World Squash Federation, which serves as the world team championship for squash players. The event was held in Cairo, Egypt from November 30 to December 6, 2008. The tournament was organized by the World Squash Federation and the Egyptian Squash Association. The Egypt team won their first World Team Championships, beating the English team in the final.
Campo Indian Reservation
The Campo Indian Reservation is home to the Campo Band of Diegueño Mission Indians, also known as the Campo Kumeyaay Nation, a federally recognized tribe of Kumeyaay people in the southern Laguna Mountains, in eastern San Diego County, California. The reservation was founded in 1893 and is 16,512 acres (66.82 km2).

The reservation can be found "in the southeastern San Diego County atop the Laguna Mountains". Originally, the location was set on 710 acres in 1893. 80 acres were added in the winter of 1907, and another 13,610 acres were added in 1911. "All land on Campo is tribal-owned land; there are presently no allotments or assignments".  The Campo Valley was known as Meelqsh G'tay (or big open meadow) in Kumeyaay language, and was known by its Hispanicized name as "Milguatay".

Hispanicization
Hispanicization or Hispanization (Spanish: hispanización) refers to the process by which a place or person becomes influenced by Hispanic culture or a process of cultural and/or linguistic change in which something non-Hispanic becomes Hispanic. Hispanicization is illustrated by spoken Spanish, production and consumption of Hispanic food, Spanish language music, and participation in Hispanic festivals and holidays. In the former Spanish colonies, the term is also used in the narrow linguistic sense of the Spanish language replacing indigenous languages.
Pale-vented pigeon
The pale-vented pigeon (Patagioenas cayennensis) is a large pigeon (family Columbidae) found in the tropical Americas. Formerly often placed in Columba, it actually belongs to a clade of the older New World genus Patagioenas. With its relatives it represents an evolutionary radiation extending through most of the warm-temperate to tropical Americas. Grey-hued birds, even their males generally lack iridescent display plumage, although the present species has some coppery gloss on the nape.

It is a resident breeder from southern Mexico south to Bolivia and northern Argentina and on Tobago and Trinidad, although it is very localised on the latter island. Vagrants are occasionally seen in adjacent regions; for example, the species is noted to stray into Uruguay from Argentina and occasionally from Brazil, but it has never been noted to breed or even maintain a permanent presence in the former country.

Tobago
Tobago, officially the Ward of Tobago, is an island and ward in Trinidad and Tobago. It is 35 kilometres (20 nautical miles) northeast of the larger island of Trinidad and about 160 kilometres (85 nautical miles) off Venezuela's northeastern coast. It is southeast of Grenada and southwest of Barbados.
Nagendra Narayan Choudhury
Nagendra Narayan Choudhury (1881-1947) was a short story writer and essayist from Assam. He was noted for his contribution to the field of Short stories and essays in the Assamese literature during the years of Awahon. He was elected as a president of the Asam Sahitya Sabha in 1931 held at Sivasagar district.

Asam Sahitya Sabha
The Asam Sahitya Sabha (Assamese: অসম সাহিত্য সভা, pronounced [ɔxɔm xaɦittjɔ xɔbʱa], lit. 'The Literary Society of Assam') is a non-government, non-profit, literary organisation of Assam. It was founded in December 1917 in Assam, India to promote the culture of Assam and Assamese literature. A branch of the organisation named Singapore Sahitya Sabha was launched in Singapore on 28 July 2019. Other foreign branches are located in London, Phoenix and Chicago.
Shamsul Alam
Shamsul Alam (Bengali: শমসুল আলম, lit. 'Sun of the World') is a Bengali masculine given name of Arabic origin and notable bearers of the name include;

Shamsul Alam (Bir Uttam) (1947–2022), war veteran

Shamsul Alam (economist) (born 1951), economist

Shamsul Alam Manju (born 1955), footballer and coach

Shamsul Alam Dudu (born 1957), Awami League politician

Shamsul Alam Khan Milon (1957–1990), physician and political activist

Shamsul Alam (cricketer), cricketer

Shamsul Alam Pramanik (c. 1952–2023), Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician

Shamsul Alam (Siraganj politician), Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician

Shamsul Alam (civil servant) (born 1966), Bangladeshi democracy and human rights activist

Khan Samsul Alam, Congress politician

Shamsul Alam (Army officer)

Shamsul Alam (civil servant)
MD Shamsul Alam is a Bangladeshi bureaucrat, researcher, political analyst, writer, and democracy and human rights activist. He currently serves as Senior Secretary in the Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh and was Personal Secretary to Prime Minister Khaleda Zia. Alam gained international recognition during the 2024 Bangladesh student protests for coining the term "July 36," which became a rallying cry for protesters demanding the resignation of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina.