hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dicziunari Rumantsch Grischun
The Dicziunari Rumantsch Grischun (abbreviation DRG) is the biggest dictionary of the Romansh language.

Founded in 1904 by the Indo-Europeanist Robert von Planta and the Societad Retorumantscha, which still bears the responsibility for editing it. It comprises the Romansh dialects and idioms spoken in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.

The term Rumantsch Grischun means "the Romansh language spoken in Graubünden" and should not be confused with the standard written language (Dachsprache) created in the 20th century with the name of Rumantsch Grischun.

The first 13 volumes of the Romansh dictionary became available online in December 2018. The digitalization of the dictionary was done by hand-typing in Nanjing, China, due to the expensive cost in Europe.

Indo-European studies
Indo-European studies (German: Indogermanistik) is an interdisciplinary field that examines the Indo-European languages and related cultural history through historical linguistics, comparative philology, archaeology, and genetics.

The discipline coalesced in late eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Europe as comparative linguists including Marcus Zuerius van Boxhorn, Franz Bopp, and August Schleicher refined methods for reconstructing a shared ancestry among the languages. Research centers on rebuilding the Proto-Indo-European language, homeland, and society by combining comparative analysis with archaeological, mythological, and genetic evidence to test models such as the Kurgan hypothesis. Dedicated programs, research centers, journals, and book series sustain Indo-European studies across Europe and North America.
Isla Verde Reef
Isla Verde Reef (Spanish: Arrecife de Isla Verde) is a coral reef surrounding the small Isla Verde (''green island'') cay in the northeastern Atlantic coast of the main island of Puerto Rico. Located near the shoreline at Punta del Medio (''middle point'') in the resort and residential district of Isla Verde in the municipality of Carolina, the reef, protected as the Isla Verde Reef Marine Reserve (Reserva Marina Arrecife de Isla Verde), is part of a larger reef system extending parallel to the coasts of Carolina and the neighboring capital municipality of San Juan. The reserve is home to endangered species, including manatees and sea turtles, and federally protected coral species like the elkhorn coral. The reef is also protected by organizations like Arrecifes Pro Ciudad and Para la Naturaleza (Puerto Rico Conservation Trust), with support from the University of Puerto Rico at Bayamón.

Cay
A cay (/kiː, keɪ/ KEE, KAY), also spelled caye or key, is a small, low-elevation, sandy island on the surface of a coral reef. Cays occur in tropical environments throughout the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans, including in the Caribbean and on the Great Barrier Reef and Belize Barrier Reef.
Spatial citizenship
Spatial citizenship describes the ability of individuals and groups to interact and participate in societal spatial decision making through the reflexive production and use of geo-media (geographic media such as maps, virtual globes, GIS, and the Geoweb). Spatial citizens are lay users who are able to use geo-media to question existing perspectives on action in space (e.g. social rules, spatial planning) and to produce, communicate, and negotiate alternative spatial visions.

Spatial citizenship is an educational approach at the intersection of citizenship education and geography education. Its main theoretical reference points are emancipatory forms of citizenship and the "reflexive appropriation of space".

Space
Space is a three-dimensional continuum containing positions and directions. In classical physics, physical space is often conceived in three linear dimensions. Modern physicists usually consider it, with time, to be part of a boundless four-dimensional continuum known as spacetime. The concept of space is considered to be of fundamental importance to an understanding of the physical universe. However, disagreement continues between philosophers over whether it is itself an entity, a relationship between entities, or part of a conceptual framework.

In the 19th and 20th centuries mathematicians began to examine geometries that are non-Euclidean, in which space is conceived as curved, rather than flat, as in the Euclidean space. According to Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity, space around gravitational fields deviates from Euclidean space. Experimental tests of general relativity have confirmed that non-Euclidean geometries provide a better model for the shape of space.
Lacey Street Theatre
The Lacey Street Theatre building, now hosting the Fairbanks Ice Museum, is an Art Deco architectural showpiece theatre located at 500 Second Avenue in Fairbanks, Alaska. It was designed by noted theatre designer B. Marcus Priteca, and built in 1939 by C.W. Hufeisen for Austin E. "Cap" Lathrop, one of a chain of movie theaters built by Lathrop across Alaska, and one of only two in Fairbanks into the 1960s. It opened on January 25, 1940. It closed in December 1980, and was repurposed as a museum of ice sculpture in 1992.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

Ice sculpture
Ice sculpture is a form of sculpture that uses ice as the raw material. Sculptures from ice can be abstract or realistic and can be functional or purely decorative. Ice sculptures are generally associated with special or extravagant events because of their limited lifetime.

The lifetime of a sculpture is determined primarily by the temperature of its environment, thus a sculpture can last from mere minutes to possibly months. There are several ice festivals held around the world, hosting competitions of ice sculpture carving.
A Thousand and One Nights (1945 film)
A Thousand and One Nights is a 1945 American adventure fantasy comedy film set in the Baghdad of the One Thousand and One Nights, directed by Alfred E. Green and starring Evelyn Keyes, Phil Silvers, Adele Jergens and Cornel Wilde.

The film was nominated for two Academy Awards, for Best Art Direction, Color (Stephen Goosson, Rudolph Sternad, Frank Tuttle) and Best Special Effects (Ray Bomba and Lawrence W. Butler).

Phil Silvers
Phil Silvers (born Phillip Silver; May 11, 1911 – November 1, 1985) was an American entertainer and comedic actor, known as "The King of Chutzpah". His career as a professional entertainer spanned nearly 60 years. He achieved major popularity when he starred in The Phil Silvers Show, a 1950s sitcom set on a U.S. Army post in which he played Master Sergeant Ernest (Ernie) Bilko. He also starred in the films It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World (1963) and A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum (1966). He was a winner of two Primetime Emmy Awards for his work on The Phil Silvers Show and two Tony Awards for his performances in Top Banana and A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum. He also wrote the original lyrics to the jazz standard "Nancy (with the Laughing Face)".
Gustavo Santander
Gustavo Adolfo Santander Lora is a Colombian composer who has had great success at international level. He has composed over 200 songs for major artists like David Bisbal, Alejandro Fernández, Cristian Castro, Diego Torres, Ricardo Montaner, Sergio Dalma, Luis Fonsi, Rocío Dúrcal, Jerry Rivera and Carlos Santana, among others. He is also the brother of composer and producer Kike Santander.

Alejandro Fernández
Alejandro Fernández Abarca (Spanish pronunciation: [aleˈxandɾo feɾˈnandes aˈβaɾka]; born 24 April 1971) is a Mexican singer. Born in Guadalajara, Jalisco, he is the son of the Mexican singer Vicente Fernández. Nicknamed as "El Potrillo" by the media and his fans, he has sold over 20 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling Latin music artists. He originally specialized in traditional, earthy forms of Mexican folk, such as mariachi and charro, until he successfully branched out into pop music. Over the course of his career, he has been awarded four Latin Grammy Awards and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Cansado
Cansado (Arabic: كانصادو) is a coastal town in north-western Mauritania on the Ras Nouadhibou peninsula.  It is located in the Nouadhibou Department in the Dakhlet Nouadhibou region.

It was built from scratch in the early 1960s for the staff administering the port and railhead for the iron ore mining company MIFERMA (Societe Anonyme des Mines de Fer de Mauritanie) as part of their iron mine development project at Zouérate.

Nearby towns and villages include Uad Guenifa (3.9 nmi (7.2 km; 4.5 mi)), La Batterie (2.1 nmi (3.9 km; 2.4 mi)), Nouadhibou (3.5 nmi (6.5 km; 4.0 mi)), Bir Gandus (54 nmi (100 km; 62 mi)), Tanoudert (59.6 nmi (110.4 km; 68.6 mi)) and Iouik (72 nmi (133 km; 83 mi)).

Zouérat
Zouérat (Arabic: الزويرات) is the largest town in northern Mauritania and the capital of the Tiris Zemmour region, with an approximate population of 62,380 (2023). It lies at the eastern end of the Mauritania Railway to Nouadhibou.
John Ogilvie (Wellington cricketer)
John Edward Ogilvie (12 September 1931 – 17 April 2021) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played in five first-class matches for Wellington from 1954 to 1964.

Ogilvie died in Lower Hutt on 17 April 2021.

Wellington cricket team
The Wellington Firebirds are one of six New Zealand men's first-class cricket teams that make up New Zealand Cricket.
It is based in Wellington. It competes in the Plunket Shield first class (4-day) competition, The Ford Trophy domestic one day competition and the Men's Super Smash Twenty20 competition.

The Wellington Cricket Association was formed in 1875. It is New Zealand's oldest cricket association.
Municipality of Gornji Grad
The Municipality of Gornji Grad (pronounced [ˈɡoːɾnji ˈɡɾaːt] ⓘ; Slovene: Občina Gornji Grad) is a municipality in Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Gornji Grad. It lies on the Dreta River in the foothills of the Savinja Alps. Traditionally it belonged to the region of Styria and it is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Kamnik–Savinja Alps
The Kamnik–Savinja Alps (Slovene: Kamniško-Savinjske Alpe) are a mountain range of the Southern Limestone Alps. They lie in northern Slovenia, except for the northernmost part, which lies in Austria.

The western part of the range was named the Kamnik Alps (German: Steiner Alpen) in 1778 by the scientists Belsazar Hacquet and Franz Xaver von Wulfen, after the town of Kamnik (Stein) in the valley of the Kamnik Bistrica River. Its eastern part was named the Savinja Alps (Sanntaler Alpen) or Solčava Alps (Sulzbacher  Alpen) by the mountaineer Johannes von Frischauf in 1875, after the settlement of Solčava (Sulzbach) and the main river, the upper Savinja (Sann).
Our Country's Good
Our Country's Good is a 1988 play written by British playwright Timberlake Wertenbaker, adapted from the Thomas Keneally novel The Playmaker.  The story concerns a group of Royal Marines and convicts in a penal colony in New South Wales, in the 1780s, who put on a production of The Recruiting Officer.

It was first staged at the Royal Court Theatre, London, on 10 September 1988, directed by Max Stafford-Clark.  It ran on Broadway in 1991.

Jack Ketch
John Ketch (died November 1686) was an infamous English executioner employed by King Charles II. He became famous through the way he performed his duties during the tumults of the 1680s, when he was often mentioned in broadsheet accounts that circulated throughout the Kingdom of England. He is thought to have been appointed in 1663.

He executed the death sentences against William Russell, Lord Russell, in Lincoln's Inn Fields on 21 July 1683, and James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, on 15 July 1685, after the Monmouth Rebellion. Ketch's notoriety stems from "barbarity at the execution of Lord Russell, the Duke of Monmouth, and other political offenders".

Because of his botched executions, the name "Jack Ketch" is used as a proverbial name for death, Satan, and executioners.
Viratpur
Viratpur (Maithili: विराटपुर ) also known as Biratpur is a village of the Madhubani district in the Mithila region of Bihar in India. It is in the territory of the Basopatti block in the Madhubani district. The local language of the village is Maithili. A river known as Bachhraja flows through the western part of the village. There is ruins of an ancient fort known as Birautpur (Viratpur) Garh.

Viratpur is the village of the Arghawa Gram Panchayat in the Basopatti block.

Madhubani district
Madhubani district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar, India, and is a part of Darbhanga division. Its administrative headquarters are located in Madhubani. The district has an area of 3,501 square kilometres (1,352 sq mi) and has a population of 4,487,379 (as of 2011).

Madhubani is the largest fish-producing district of Bihar in 2022.
Jovine
Jovine (/dʒoʊˈvaɪn/) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Francesco Jovine (1902–1950), Italian writer and journalist

Gilda Jovine (born 1981), Dominican beauty pageant titleholder, actress and model

Marcel Jovine (1921-2003), American sculptor

Marcel Jovine
Marcel Jovine (1921 – January 20, 2003) was an Italian-born American sculptor who was best known as the creator of the toys "The Visible Man" and "The Visible Woman". He also created the municipal seal for the Borough of Closter, New Jersey, where he resided.
Lincoln Trail Conference
The Lincoln Trail Conference is a high school conference in western central Illinois. The conference participates in athletics and activities in the Illinois High School Association (IHSA). The conference comprises public high schools with small enrollments in portions of Bureau, Henderson, Henry, Knox, Mercer, Peoria, Rock Island, Stark, and Warren counties.

Rock Island County, Illinois
Rock Island County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 144,672. Its county seat is Rock Island; its largest city is neighboring Moline. Rock Island County is one of the four counties that make up the Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Lisbeth Seierskilde
Lisbeth Seierskilde (born 5 December 1985 in Roskilde, Denmark) is a Danish Olympic dressage rider. She competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, where she placed 34th in the individual competition.

Seierskilde also competed at the 2011 European Championships in Rotterdam, where she finished 6th in the team, 14th in the freestyle and 15th in the special dressage competition.

2011 European Dressage Championships
The 2011 European Dressage Championship was held from August 17 and August 21, 2011 in Rotterdam, Netherlands.

It was the 25 edition of the European Dressage Championships, in the 24th time team medals were awarded.
Benedikt Schmid
Benedikt Schmid (born 19 November 1990 in Waldkirchen) is a German footballer.

Schmid came through the youth ranks of TSV Waldkirchen before moving to SSV Jahn Regensburg. In 2009, he signed for 1. FC Bad Kötzting, scoring six goals in 20 appearances, but couldn't help the team from being relegated from the Bayernliga. A year later, after completing his Zivildienst, Schmid moved back to Regensburg where he made his professional debut in the 3. Liga in 2011. After four years, he left for DJK Vilzing.

Bayernliga
The Bayernliga (English: Bavarian league) is the highest amateur football league and the second highest football league (under the Regionalliga Bayern) in the state of Bavaria (German: Bayern) and the Bavarian football league system. It is one of fourteen Oberligas in German football, the fifth tier of the German football league system. Until the introduction of the 3. Liga in 2008 it was the fourth tier of the league system, until the introduction of the Regionalligas in 1994 the third tier.

From the 2012–13 season onwards, the league has been divided once more into a northern and a southern division, having previously placed in single division format since 1963. The league sits directly under the Regionalliga Bayern and above the Landesligas, which were expanded in number from three to five at the end of the 2011–12 season.
Mary Hicks (alleged witch)
Mary Hicks (also recorded as Hickes) is a woman alleged to have been executed for witchcraft in Huntingdon in 1716, alongside her nine-year-old daughter, Elizabeth. If true, Mary and Elizabeth Hicks would have been the last people executed for witchcraft in England. However, the case's veracity has been questioned by historians and researchers since its publication, with most considering it to be fictional or a hoax.

Hoax
A hoax (pl.: hoaxes) is a widely publicised falsehood created to deceive its audience with false and often astonishing information, with the either malicious or humorous intent of causing shock and interest in as many people as possible.

Some hoaxers intend to eventually unmask their representations as having been a hoax so as to expose their victims as fools; seeking some form of profit, other hoaxers hope to maintain the hoax indefinitely, so that it is only when skeptical people willing to investigate their claims publish their findings, that the hoaxers are finally revealed as such.
Brian Moorman
Brian Donald Moorman (born February 5, 1976) is an American former professional football player who was a punter in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Pittsburg State Gorillas, and was signed by the Seattle Seahawks as an undrafted free agent after the 1999 NFL draft.

He played for the Buffalo Bills from 2001 to 2012, to which he returned after a one-year absence in 2013. He also played for the Dallas Cowboys in 2012, and was a member of the Pittsburgh Steelers during the offseason prior to 2013, but was waived during the preseason. Moorman is a two-time Pro Bowl selection and was voted to the Buffalo Bills 50th Anniversary Team and the NFL 2000s All-Decade Team.

He is the founder of the P.U.N.T. Foundation, which supports children in Western New York who face life-threatening illnesses.

NFL 2000s All-Decade Team
The NFL 2000s All-Decade Team is composed of outstanding performers in the National Football League in the ten years spanning 2000–2009.  Only a player or coach's performance in the 2000s is used as criteria for voting.

The full team was announced on January 31, 2010 during the pregame show for the 2010 Pro Bowl.  The names of the twelve all-decade honorees who participated in the 2010 Pro Bowl had been released earlier in the week.

Willie Roaf, Larry Allen, and Warren Sapp were previously named to the 1990s All-Decade Team. Tom Brady, Julius Peppers, Shane Lechler, Devin Hester and Bill Belichick were later named to the 2010s All-Decade Team.
Chandraswami
Tantrik Jagadacharya Chandraswami (born Nemichand Jain; 08 February 1935 – 23 May 2017) was an Indian Tantrik.

His father Dharamchand Gandhi Jain came from Behror in Alwar district of Rajasthan. The family moved to Hyderabad in 1960s when he was a child. Chandraswami was attracted to the study of Tantra from an early age.  He left home when still young to become a student of Upadhyay Amar Muni and the scholar of Tantra, Mahamohopadhyay Gopinath Kaviraj.  He later lived in the jungles of Bihar and Kathmandu where he spent time in meditation. He claimed that after four years he obtained extraordinary powers called siddhis.

Though Chandraswami was by birth a Jain, he became a "sadhaka" (worshipper) of the Goddess Kali. He was also interested in interfaith dialogue, and sat on the Board of World Religious Leaders for the Elijah Interfaith Institute.

Alwar district
Alwar district is a district in the state of Rajasthan in northern India, whose district headquarters is Alwar city. The district covers 8,337 km2. It is bound on the north by Khairthal Tijara and Kot Behror district of Rajasthan, on the east by Bharatpur district of Rajasthan and Nuh district of Haryana, on the south by Dausa district, and on the west by Jaipur district.

As of 2011, it is the third most populous district of Rajasthan (out of 33), after Jaipur and Jodhpur.
Perenniporia puerensis
Perenniporia puerensis is a poroid crust fungus in the family Polyporaceae. Found in Yunnan, China, it was described as a new species in 2017. The crust-like fruit body of the fungus have a yellow to ochraceous pore surface, with 4 to 6 pores per millimetre. P. puerensis has a dimitic hyphal system with non-dextrinoid and cyanophilous skeletal hyphae that are encrusted with pale-yellow crystals. The spores are egg-shaped to somewhat spherical, thick-walled, non-dextrinoid, and cyanophilous, with dimensions of 4.3–5.5 by 3.7–4.7 μm.

Polyporaceae
The Polyporaceae (/pɔːliːpoʊreɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) are a family of poroid fungi belonging to the Basidiomycota.  The flesh of their fruit bodies varies from soft (as in the case of the dryad's saddle illustrated) to very tough.  Most members of this family have their hymenium (fertile layer) in vertical pores on the underside of the caps, but some of them have gills (e.g. Panus) or gill-like structures (such as Daedaleopsis, whose elongated pores form a corky labyrinth).  Many species are brackets, but others have a definite stipe – for example, Polyporus badius.

Most of these fungi have white spore powder but members of the genus Abundisporus have colored spores and produce yellowish spore prints. Cystidia are absent.
The Glow (DMA's album)
The Glow (stylised in all caps) is the third studio album by Australian indie rock band DMA's. It was
released on 10 July 2020.

Lead single "Silver" ranked at number 20 in Triple J's Hottest 100 of 2019.

Guitarist Johnny Took said of the album "[It's] about how people are always looking for something better. It's got that universal sense that anyone can relate to, that exhaustion you sometimes feel trying to achieve more or be something more."

At the ARIA Music Awards of 2020, the album was nominated for four awards, including Album of the Year.

At the AIR Awards of 2021, the album won Independent Album of the Year and Best Independent Rock Album or EP.

On 7 July 2021, the band released 36 copies of the album, each with individual sleeves created by artists Arkie Barton, Leif Podhajsky, Matty D'arienzo and Serwah Attafuah who each created 9 new art pieces from the record sleeves damaged in transit to their label's warehouse.

ARIA Award for Album of the Year
The ARIA Music Award for Album of the Year, is an award presented at the annual ARIA Music Awards, which recognises "the many achievements of Aussie artists across all music genres", since 1987. It is handed out by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), an organisation whose aim is "to advance the interests of the Australian record industry." The award is handed out to an Australian group or solo artist who have had an album appear in the ARIA Top 100 Albums Chart between the eligibility period, and is voted for by a judging academy, which consists of 1000 members from different areas of the music industry. Both Powderfinger and Tame Impala have won the award three times, being the only artists with multiple wins. John Farnham and Silverchair are tied for the most nominations with five each.
Castillon-sur-Agen
Castillon-sur-Agen was a medieval castle in the commune of Bon-Encontre, near Agen in Aquitaine, France.

Built on the top of a small hill with sheer rock cliffs (the plateau de Castillou), it was "fortified by both nature and artifice". According to the 12th-century chronicler Robert of Torigny, Henry II of England besieged Castillion-sur-Agen in 1161. After just one week the garrison capitulated. Roger of Howden recorded that nearly 15 years later, in 1175, the site was besieged by Prince Richard (later King Richard I of England), Henry II's son. On this occasion the siege lasted two months; it was part of a campaign of repressing rebellious barons after the Revolt of 1173–1174. It was Richard's first successful siege.

Agen
Agen (French: [aʒɛ̃] ⓘ, locally [aˈʒɛŋ], Occitan: [aˈdʒen]) is the prefecture of the southwestern French department of Lot-et-Garonne. It lies on the river Garonne, 135 kilometres (84 miles) southeast of Bordeaux. As of 2023, the population of the commune was 32,801..