hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cynuria (Arcadia)
Cynuria or Kynouria (Ancient Greek: ἡ Κυνουρία) was a district in ancient Arcadia mentioned only upon the occasion of the foundation of Megalopolis. It was situated north of Phigalice and Parrhasia. We may infer from the name that these Cynurians were the same as the Cynurians on the east coast of the ancient Peloponnesus, but we have no account of any historical connection between them.

Parrhasia (Arcadia)
Parrhasia (Greek: Παρρασία) was a region in south Arcadia, Greece. Parrhasius, son of Lycaon gave it his name.

Today, the area corresponds to modern southwestern Arcadia, west of Megalopoli, and southeastern Elis.   The nymph of Artemis named Callisto, whom the goddess Hera made into a bear and Zeus later made into the constellation Ursa Major, was said to come from Parrhasia.  Athenaios mentions a famous beauty contest there.
Charles Cabot
Charles Antoine Cabot (1806 – 11 February 1886) was a 19th-century French playwright, chansonnier and writer.

First an actor at the theatres de la Gaîté, des Nouveautés, de l'Ambigu, du Cirque and de la Porte Saint-Martin (1837–1840), he became dramaturge at the Théâtre historique and the Théâtre de la Gaîté (1847), then general dramaturge at the Théâtre du Châtelet (1863–1874). His plays were presented on the most important Parisian stages of the 19th century.

Chansonnier (singer)
A chansonnier (French pronunciation: [ʃɑ̃sɔnje]; female: chansonnière, [ʃɑ̃sɔnjɛʁ]) was a poet songwriter, a solitary singer, who sang their own songs (chansons) with a guitar, prominent in francophone countries during the 1960s and 1970s. Unlike popular singers, chansonniers need no artifice to sing their soul poetry. They performed in "Les Boites à Chansons" which flourished during those years. The themes of their songs varied but included nature, love, simplicity and a social interest to improve their world.
Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database
The Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database is a spontaneous reporting system of drug adverse events which is managed by the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA) in Japan. It has been available since 2012.

Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency
The Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (独立行政法人医薬品医療機器総合機構) (PMDA) is a Japanese corporation, an  Independent Administrative Institution, responsible for ensuring the safety, efficacy and quality of pharmaceuticals and medical devices in Japan.  It is similar in function, in many respects, to the Food and Drug Administration in the United States, the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency in the United Kingdom, the Spanish Agency of Medicines and Medical Devices in Spain or the Food and Drug Administration in the Philippines.

The PMDA has been eCTD-compliant at least since July 2017.
Grammy Award for Best Alternative Jazz Album
The Grammy Award for Best Alternative Jazz is an award presented by the Recording Academy to honor quality alternative jazz music performances in any given year. The award was presented for the first time at the 66th Annual Grammy Awards in 2024, and is the first new category in the jazz genre field since 1995.

The academy announced the new category in June 2023, stating that the award "recognizes artistic excellence in Alternative Jazz albums by individuals, duos and groups/ensembles, with or without vocals." The academy defines alternative jazz as "a genre-blending, envelope-pushing hybrid that mixes jazz (improvisation, interaction, harmony, rhythm, arrangements, composition, and style) with other genres, including R&B, Hip-Hop, Classical, Contemporary Improvisation, Experimental, Pop, Rap, Electronic/Dance music, and/or Spoken Word. It may also include the contemporary production techniques/instrumentation associated with other genres."

The Recording Academy
National Academy of Recording Arts & Sciences, Inc. (NARAS), doing business as the Recording Academy, is an American learned academy of musicians, producers, recording engineers, and other musical professionals. It is widely known for its Grammy Awards, which recognize achievements in the music industry of songs and music that are popular worldwide. The Recording Academy is a founding partner of the Grammy Museum, a non-profit organization whose stated mission is preserving and educating about music history and significance. The Recording Academy also founded MusiCares, a charity with the stated goal of impacting the health and welfare of the music community. The Recording Academy's advocacy team lobbies for music creators' rights at the local, state, and federal levels.
Minaret Kabir
Minaret Kabir (Menār-e Kabir) was an eleventh century brick minaret, located in Tabas (a desert city in central Iran), constructed during the Seljuk Empire.

The minaret was one of the earliest recorded man-made structures in Tabas, constructed between 993 and 1014 (during the late Ghaznavid-early Seljuk period). It was estimated to be approximately 40 m (130 ft) high.

It collapsed on 22 February 1907, due to the construction of the Kariz-e Allahabad, a qanat, which weakened the minaret's foundations.

The minaret was recorded as one of Iran's National Heritage on 7 December 1935 (Archeological Department Registration No. 245).

The remnants of the minaret were removed in the 1960s and bricks from it have been found in the walls of surrounding houses.

Seljuk (leader)
Seljuk (died c. 1007 or 1009), variously romanized, was an Oghuz Turk warlord. He was the eponymous founder of the Seljuk dynasty and the namesake of Selçuk, the modern town near the ruins of ancient Ephesus in Turkey.
Coincheck
Coincheck is a Japanese bitcoin wallet and exchange service headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, founded by Koichiro Wada and Yusuke Otsuka. It operates exchanges between bitcoin, ether and fiat currencies in Japan, and bitcoin transactions and storage in some countries.

In April 2018, Coincheck was acquired by Monex Group for 3.6 billion yen. (US33.4 million)

Monex Group
Monex Group, Inc. (マネックスグループ株式会社, Manekkusu Guru-pu Kabushiki-gaisha) is a financial services company based in Tokyo, Japan. Monex Inc., its main subsidiary, engages in online securities trading, with approximately 2 million accounts. In 2010, Monex made ORIX Securities Corporation a wholly owned subsidiary through a share exchange, making ORIX Corporation its largest shareholder with a 22.5% stake. TradeStation, its US subsidiary, provides securities, options, futures and cryptocurrency trading services. In April 2018, Monex Group acquired Coincheck, one of Japan's largest crypto exchanges.
Bhadase Sagan Maraj
The Rt Hon. Bhadase Sagan Maraj (pronounced [bʰəd̪eːsə səɡənə mərəɟə]; 29 February 1920 – 21 October 1971) was a Trinidad and Tobago politician, Hindu leader, civil rights activist, trade unionist, landowner, businessman, philanthropist, wrestler, and writer. He founded the Sanatan Dharma Maha Sabha in 1952, which grew to be the largest and most influential Hindu organization in Trinidad and Tobago and the wider Caribbean. He also founded the Caroni East Indian Association, the People's Democratic Party, the Democratic Labour Party, the Democratic Liberation Party, the Federation of Unions of Sugar Workers and Cane Farmers, and The Bomb newspaper.

The Right Honourable
The Right Honourable (abbreviation: The Rt Hon. or variations) is an honorific style traditionally applied to certain persons and collective bodies in the United Kingdom, the former British Empire, and the Commonwealth of Nations. The term is predominantly used today as a style associated with the holding of certain senior public offices in the United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand, and, to a lesser extent, Australia and Nepal.

Right in this context is an adverb meaning 'very' or 'fully'. Grammatically, The Right Honourable is an adjectival phrase which gives information about a person. As such, it is not considered correct to apply it in direct address, nor to use it on its own as a title in place of a name; but rather it is used in the third person along with a name or noun to be modified.

Right may be abbreviated to Rt, and Honourable to Hon., or both. The is sometimes dropped in written abbreviated form, but is always pronounced.
Reichardia ligulata
Reichardia ligulata is a species of plant in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae native to the Canary Islands (Tenerife, Grand Canaria, and La Palma) where it grows on rocky coastal slopes and cliffs.

Gran Canaria
Gran Canaria (UK: /ˌɡræn kəˈnɛəriə, -ˈnɑːr-/, US: /ˌɡrɑːn kəˈnɑːriə, -ˈnɛər-/; Spanish: [ɡɾaŋ kaˈnaɾja] ⓘ), also Grand Canary Island, is the third-largest and second-most-populous island of the Canary Islands, a Spanish archipelago off the Atlantic coast of Northwest Africa. As of 2023 the island had a population of 862,893 that constitutes approximately 40% of the population of the archipelago. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, the capital of the island, is the largest city of the Canary Islands and the ninth-largest city of Spain.

Gran Canaria is located in the Atlantic Ocean in a region known as Macaronesia about 150 kilometres (93 mi) off the northwestern coast of Africa and about 1,350 km (840 mi) from Europe. With an area of 1,560 km2 (600 sq mi) and an altitude of 1,956 m (6,417 ft) at Morro de la Agujereada, Gran Canaria is the third largest island of the archipelago in both area and altitude. Gran Canaria is also the third most populated island in Spain.
Isaac Ferris
Isaac Ferris (1798–1873) was a clergyman of the Reformed Church in America, and the third Chancellor of New York University.

Ferris graduated from Columbia College in 1816. He received a D.D. degree from Union College in 1833, and an L.L.D. from Columbia in 1853.

In 1820, he was appointed by the Board of Domestic Missions to labor in the Classis of Montgomery.
He served in the Second Reformed Church of Albany, New York from 1824 to 1836 and was active in the Market Street Church in New York City from 1836 to 1853. He served as Chancellor of New York University from 1853 to 1870. During his tenure he brought financial stability to the university.

Ferris was also a founder of the Rutgers Female College, a member of the American Bible Society, founder of the YMCA of Greater New York.

Columbia College, Columbia University
Columbia College is the oldest undergraduate college of Columbia University, a private Ivy League research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Church in Manhattan, it is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York and the fifth oldest in the United States.

Columbia was established as a colonial college by royal charter under George II of Great Britain. It was renamed Columbia College in 1784 following the American Revolution, and in 1787 was placed under a private board of trustees headed by alumni Alexander Hamilton and John Jay.

Columbia College is distinctive for its comprehensive Core Curriculum and is among the most selective of American colleges, with an admission rate of 3.85% in 2024.
1915 Vanceboro international bridge bombing
The 1915 Vanceboro international bridge bombing was an attempt to destroy the Saint Croix–Vanceboro Railway Bridge on February 2, 1915, by Imperial German spies.

This international bridge crossed the St. Croix River between the border hamlets of St. Croix in the Canadian province of New Brunswick and Vanceboro in the U.S. state of Maine. At the time of the sabotage attempt in 1915, the bridge was jointly owned and operated by the Canadian Pacific Railway (reporting mark CP) on the Canadian side and the Maine Central Railroad (reporting mark MEC) on the American side.

The bombing was masterminded by then spymaster Franz von Papen and executed by Werner Horn. The bomb failed to destroy the bridge but made it unsafe to use until minor repairs were done. The explosion did however blow out windows in nearby buildings in St. Croix and Vanceboro.

Vanceboro, Maine
Vanceboro is a town in Washington County, Maine, United States. The town was named after landowner William Vance. The main village in town is located at the eastern terminus of Maine State Route 6. Vanceboro is across the St. Croix River from St. Croix, New Brunswick, Canada, to which it is connected by the Saint Croix–Vanceboro Bridge. Vanceboro is also connected to St. Croix by the Saint Croix–Vanceboro Railway Bridge, which is used by the New Brunswick Southern Railway.

The population was 102 at the 2020 census.
Young Scot Awards
The Young Scot Awards is an annual award ceremony hosted by Young Scot to honour young people in Scotland for considerable achievements and positive contributions to charity or their community. Sunday Mail and Young Scot partnered to deliver the event until 2023.

The first ceremony was held in 2006, and was hosted by Andrea McLean. Between 2015 and 2017, the awards were hosted by Edith Bowman. In 2018, the event was hosted by Iain Stirling at the SEC Armadillo in Glasgow. No event was held in 2019 and the 2020 event was hosted by Gemma Cairney online due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Capital FM Scotland DJ Katy J hosted the 2023 event at Platform in Glasgow.

Sunday Mail (Scotland)
The Sunday Mail is a Scottish tabloid newspaper published every Sunday.  It is the sister paper of the Daily Record and is owned by Reach plc.

It should not be confused with The Mail on Sunday; the Daily Mail was unable to use the title Sunday Mail when it launched a Sunday edition in 1982 because of the Scottish paper.
William T. Cope
William Taylor Cope (December 25, 1836 – November 26, 1902) was a Republican politician in the state of Ohio and was Ohio State Treasurer from 1892 to 1896.

William T. Cope was born in 1836 at Columbiana County, Ohio, and in his earlier years was a coal operator or merchant. During the American Civil War he was a captain in the 143rd Volunteer Infantry. He represented his county in the Ohio House of Representatives, winning elections in 1885 and 1887 to the 67th and 68th General Assemblies.

Cope then moved to Cleveland, Ohio, where he was a wholesale coal dealer. In 1891 and again in 1893, he was elected State Treasurer. Later he worked for a bank in Columbus. He died November 26, 1902, and is interred at Green Lawn Cemetery, Columbus, Ohio

Columbiana County, Ohio
Columbiana County is located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 101,877. The county seat is Lisbon and its largest city is Salem. Created in 1803, the county name is derived from that of 15th-century Italian explorer Christopher Columbus.

Columbiana County is predominantly rural and considered part of Appalachian Ohio. While northern communities are more associated with Northeast Ohio, southern communities along the Ohio River are culturally closer to the Upper Ohio Valley region. Columbiana County comprises the Salem, Ohio micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the larger Youngstown–Warren–Salem combined statistical area. Officially considered part of the Youngstown media market, stations from Steubenville regularly report in the area as well.
Siege of Lavaur
The Siege of Lavaur was a military engagement which took place from late March/early August to May 3rd 1211 during the Albigensian Crusade. It took place in the Languedoc region of southern France against the town of Lavaur. The Siege was led by Simon de Montfort as part of the Crusader effort to eliminate Catharism, a Christian sect regarded as heretical, from Southern France. After about a month of fighting, the garrison surrendered. 80 knights and around 400 cathars were executed.

Languedoc
The Province of Languedoc (/ˌlɒ̃ɡ(ə)ˈdɒk/, French: [lɑ̃ɡ(ə)dɔk], locally [lãᵑɡəˈdɔk]; Occitan: Lengadòc [ˌleŋɡɔˈðɔ(k)]) is a former province of France.
Most of its territory is now contained in the modern-day region of Occitanie in Southern France. Its capital city was Toulouse. It had an area of approximately 42,700 square kilometers (16,500 square miles).
Qwaqwaia
Qwaqwaia scolopiae is a species of wasp in the family Cynipidae, found in South Africa. It is placed in the monotypic genus Qwaqwaia and tribe Qwaqwaiini. It forms stem galls on Scolopia mundii, a plant in the family Salicaceae, and has only been found at three locations along the Drakensberg escarpment.

Great Escarpment, Southern Africa
The Great Escarpment is a major topographical feature in Africa that consists of steep slopes from the high central Southern African plateau downward in the direction of the oceans that surround southern Africa on three sides. While it lies predominantly within the borders of South Africa, in the east the escarpment extends northward to form the border between Mozambique and Zimbabwe, continuing on beyond the Zambezi river valley to form the Muchinga Escarpment in eastern Zambia. In the west, it extends northward into Namibia and Angola. It is the combination of this escarpment and the aridity of Southern Africa that leads to the lack of navigable rivers in South Africa.

Different names are applied to different stretches of the Great Escarpment, the most well-known section being the Drakensberg (diagram on the right). The Schwarzrand and edge of the Khomas Highland in Namibia, as well as the Serra da Chela in Angola, are also well-known names.
I Wish for You the World
"I Wish For You the World" is a 2012 song by Games Maker Choir featuring Alistair Griffin. It was composed on the occasion of 2012 Summer Olympics by Griffin and songwriter/composer Richard Chance, who writes music for television and film. The single was released officially on 16 December 2012 as a UK Christmas single on Decca Records. The proceeds from the single went to the British Olympic Foundation and the British Paralympic Association.

The song was promoted with videos and messages of support from the mayor of London Boris Johnson and many Olympic athletes, notably rowers Katherine Grainger, Andrew Triggs Hodge and Great Britain Rowers team and by tenor Alfie Boe.

Mayor Johnson said about the song:

This song is a great tribute to the feelings of pride, inspiration and goodwill that spread throughout the country during the 2012 Games. I wish everyone involved the best of luck in their efforts in keeping the Olympic spirit alive.

British Paralympic Association
The British Paralympic Association (BPA) is the National Paralympic Committee for Great Britain (GBR), and is responsible for the United Kingdom's participation in the Paralympic Games.

The BPA select, prepare, enter, fund and manage the Great Britain and Northern Ireland team at the Paralympic Games. This team is known as ParalympicsGB.
Maxim Sushko
Maxim Sergeyevich Sushko (Russian: Максим Сергеевич Сушко; born 10 February 1999) is a Belarusian professional ice hockey forward who is currently playing for Sibir Novosibirsk of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). Sushko was selected by the Philadelphia Flyers in the fourth round, 107th overall, of the 2017 NHL Entry Draft. Internationally he has played for the Belarusian national team at both the junior and senior level.

2017 NHL entry draft
The 2017 NHL entry draft was the 55th entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was held on June 23–24, 2017, at the United Center in Chicago, Illinois. The first three selections were Nico Hischier by the New Jersey Devils, Nolan Patrick by the Philadelphia Flyers, and Miro Heiskanen by the Dallas Stars.

As of 2025 there are 61 active NHL players from this draft.
Vermilion Range (Alberta)
The Vermilion Range is a mountain range of the Canadian Rockies, in Banff National Park, Canada. The range is east of the Sawback Range and west of the Bare and Palliser Ranges.

This range includes the following mountains and peaks:

Palliser Range
The Palliser Range is a mountain range of the Canadian Rockies that lies in the extreme southeast corner of Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada.

The Palliser Range is part of the East Banff Ranges of the Central Front Canadian Rockies.

Lake Minnewanka marks the southern boundary of the range while the Bare Range marks the northern boundary. Its eastern reaches are marked by the Black Rock Mountain of the Ghost River Area. The range was named by the Palliser expedition as it appears on one of the maps produced by the expedition. The range gives the name to the Palliser Formation, a stratigraphical unit prominently featured in the mountains of this range.
Moby Dick (2011 miniseries)
Moby Dick is a Canadian-German television miniseries based on Herman Melville's 1851 novel of the same name, produced by Tele München Gruppe, with Gate Film, In association with RTH/ORF. Starring William Hurt as Captain Ahab, it was directed by Mike Barker with a screenplay by Nigel Williams. The cast also includes Ethan Hawke as Starbuck, Charlie Cox as Ishmael, Eddie Marsan as Stubb,  Gillian Anderson as Ahab's wife, Elizabeth and Donald Sutherland as Father Mapple.

Eddie Marsan
Edward Maurice Charles Marsan OBE (born 9 June 1968) is an English actor. He won the London Film Critics Circle Award and the National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actor for the film Happy-Go-Lucky (2008).
The Roughs
The Roughs are an escarpment of the North Downs above Romney Marsh in Kent, on the south coast of England. The term is generally applied to the section between Hythe and West Hythe but the structure extends as far west as Bilsington, and the highest point is 106 m just west of Port Lympne Mansion

A concrete sound disk (or Sound mirror) has been built in the hillside. This was used to listen out for approaching aircraft during World War II.

Escarpment
An escarpment is a steep slope or long cliff that forms as a result of faulting or erosion and separates two relatively level areas having different elevations.

Similarity causes  the term scarp to be incorrectly used interchangeably with escarpment, which refers to the margin between two landforms as opposed to scarp, which refers to a cliff or a steep slope. In this usage, an escarpment is a ridge that has a gentle slope on one side and a steep scarp on the other side.

More loosely, the term scarp also describes a zone between a coastal lowland and a continental plateau that shows a marked, abrupt change in elevation caused by coastal erosion at the base of the plateau.
Schüttler
Schüttler is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Josef Schüttler (1902–1972), German politician

Katharina Schüttler (born 1979), German actress

Rainer Schüttler (born 1976), German tennis player

Rainer Schüttler
Rainer Schüttler (German pronunciation: [ˈraɪnɐ ˈʃʏtlɐ]; born 25 April 1976) is a German former professional tennis player. Schüttler was the runner-up at the 2003 Australian Open and a semifinalist at the 2008 Wimbledon Championships. He won an Olympic silver medal in doubles at the 2004 Athens Olympics, and achieved a career-high ranking of world No. 5 in April 2004.
Apolithabatis
Apolithabatis (meaning "fossil ray") is an extinct genus of asterodermid rays from the Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian age) Torleite Formation (Solnhofen Archipelago) of Germany. The genus contains a single species, A. seioma, known from a single complete, well-preserved specimen.

Batomorphi
Batomorphi is a division of cartilaginous fishes, commonly known as rays; this taxon is sometimes considered as the superorder Batoidea, but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies it as the division Batomorphi. Batomorphi, along with the shark division Selachii, both compose the subclass Elasmobranchii. Rays are the most speciose of cartilaginous fishes groups, with well over 600 species in 26 families. Rays are distinguished by their flattened bodies, enlarged pectoral fins that are fused to the head, and gill slits that are placed on their ventral surfaces.