hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arcade Publishing
Arcade Publishing is an imprint of the American book publisher Skyhorse. Founded in 1988 by Richard Seaver and his wife Jeannette, it was originally an independent company publishing trade fiction and nonfiction. After declaring bankruptcy following Richard's death in 2009, Arcade was acquired by Skyhorse Publishing in 2010 and relaunched the following year.

In addition to its main list, Arcade now also issues Arcade Artists & Art, a series featuring books by and about artists, particularly of the modern period. Jeannette Seaver serves as a consulting editor in the acquisition and curation of upcoming lists.

Auschwitz by Miklos Nyiszli became a New York Times bestseller in 2011. The company has also published a number of books by Albanian author Ismail Kadare, including Elegy for Kosovo, The Successor, Spring Flowers, Spring Frost, Agamemnon's Daughter, The File on H., The Pyramid, and The Three-Arched Bridge.

The File on H.
The File on H. is a novel by the Albanian author Ismail Kadare. It was first published in Albanian in 1981 under the title Dosja H. Jusuf Vrioni translated the work to French in 1989 (revised in 1996) as Le Dossier H. David Bellos translated the French version into English in 1996. Both Kadare and Bellos have received praise in the English speaking world for the edition.

The premise of the novel is loosely based on the research on the Homeric question done by Milman Parry and Albert Lord in the 1930s, where they helped to develop the theory of Oral-Formulaic Composition.
Canton of Noyon
The canton of Noyon is an administrative division of the Oise department, northern France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Noyon.

It consists of the following communes:

Oise
Oise (/wɑːz/ WAHZ; French: [waz] ⓘ; Picard: Oése) is a department in the north of France. It is named after the river Oise. Inhabitants of the department are called Oisiens (French: [wazjɛ̃]) or Isariens, after the Latin name for the river, Isara. It had a population of 829,419 in 2019.
Fructose-asparagine
Fructose-asparagine (F-Asn) is a glycosylamine compound that is most notably used by Salmonella during Salmonella-mediated inflammation of the intestine.  In addition to Salmonella, several other species of bacteria may utilize fructose-asparagine as a nutrient. The name of the genetic locus that encodes the uptake capability in Salmonella is fra.  This fra locus has five genes: fraR (a regulator), fraB a fructose-asparagine deglycase, fraD a sugar kinase, fraA a fructose-asparagine transporter, and fraE a L-asparaginase. Notably, mutations in fraB cause the buildup of the toxic intermediate 6-phosphofuctose-aspartate (6-P-F-Asp).  The buildup of 6-P-F-Asp has a bacteriostatic effect on fraB mutant cells, making FraB a potential drug target.

Glycosylamine
Glycosylamines are a class of biochemical compounds consisting of a glycosyl group attached to an amino group, -NR2. They are also known as N-glycosides, as they are a type of glycoside. Glycosyl groups can be derived from carbohydrates. The glycosyl group and amino group are connected with a β-N-glycosidic bond, forming a cyclic hemiaminal ether bond (α-aminoether).

Examples include nucleosides such as adenosine.
Age and Leader purse
The Age and Leader purse was an annual professional golf tournament held in Victoria, Australia from 1923 to 1930. It was sponsored by The Age and The Leader newspapers. Arthur Le Fevre won the event three times while Don Thomson won it twice.

The Leader (Melbourne)
The Leader was a weekly newspaper in Melbourne, Victoria. It was a "companion weekly" to the daily newspaper The Age, and was edited by David Syme's brother George Syme.

Its first issue was released on 3 February 1855, under the title "The Weekly Age".

Henry Short was editor from 1887 to 1925.

A longtime contributor to The Leader was Julian Thomas (1843–1896), who wrote as "The Vagabond" or "The Vag".
Onodera Yoshimichi
Onodera Yoshimichi (小野寺義道) (1566–1646) was the son of Onodera Terumichi (minor daimyō of Dewa Province).

Yoshimichi was the lord of Omori Castle, and a longtime rival of the clan Mogami. Yoshimichi himself later became a Daimyō of the Dewa. During the year 1594, Mogami Yoshiaki, an old enemy of Yoshimichi, deceived him into punishing one of his chief retainers. This deception greatly affected the unity among the retainers.

Later on, Ōtani Yoshitsugu was to conduct land surveys in Yoshimichi's domain, but he was ultimately called off.  Yoshimichi's castle of Omori was besieged during the year 1599. Yoshimichi went on to support Uesugi Kagekatsu during the Sekigahara Campaign, but was afterwards deprived of his lands and exiled to the Chūgoku region during the year 1601.

Chūgoku region
The Chūgoku region (Japanese: 中国地方, Hepburn: Chūgoku-chihō; [tɕɯꜜː.ɡo.kɯ, -ŋo.kɯ, tɕɯː.ɡo.kɯ̥ tɕiꜜ.hoː, -ŋo.kɯ̥-]), also known as the San'in-San'yō (山陰山陽地方, San'in-San'yō-chihō) region, is the westernmost region of Honshū, the largest island of Japan. It consists of the prefectures of Hiroshima, Okayama, Shimane, Tottori and Yamaguchi. As of the 2020 census, it has a population of 7,328,339.
Champions of Angor
The Champions of Angor (also known as the Justifiers, the Assemblers and the Meta Militia) are a fictional team of superheroes in the DC universe. They were created by Mike Friedrich and Dick Dillin in Justice League of America #87 in February 1971.

Mike Friedrich
Mike Friedrich (/ˈfriːdrɪk/; born March 27, 1949) is an American comic book writer and publisher best known for his work at Marvel and DC Comics, and for publishing the anthology series Star*Reach, one of the first independent comics. He was also an artists' representative.

His notable works include runs as the regular writer of DC's Justice League of America and Marvel's Iron Man.
Lords, counts and dukes of Montfort-l'Amaury
This list is about the lords, counts and dukes who ruled over Montfort-l'Amaury, France.

Around ten years before 1000 AD, Robert the Pious commissioned Guillaume de Hainaut with protecting the royal domain around Paris from the counts of Blois to the west. Guillaume built a castle on a hill and called it Montfort; his son Amaury founded a town nearby which received the name of Montfort-l'Amaury, thus becoming the first seigneur of Montfort-l'Amaury.

Montfort-l'Amaury
Montfort-l'Amaury (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃fɔʁ lamoʁi]) is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France region, Northern France. It is located  20 km (12 mi) north of Rambouillet. The name comes from Amaury I de Montfort, the first seigneur (lord) of Montfort. It was a seat of several noble families, including the Chardonnay family, who held lands there from the late 13th century.
Banské
Banské (Hungarian: Bányapataka, until 1899: Bánszka; Rusyn: Баньске) is a village and municipality in Vranov nad Topľou District in the Prešov Region of eastern Slovakia. In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1397. The municipality lies at an altitude of 325 metres and covers an area of 29.861 km².

Prešov Region
The Prešov Region (Slovak: Prešovský kraj, pronounced [ˈpreʂɔwskiː ˈkraj]; Hungarian: Eperjesi kerület), also Priashiv Region (Ukrainian: Пряшівський край, romanized: Priashivskyi krai, pronounced [ˈprʲɑʃiu̯sʲkɪj ˈkrɑj]), is one of the eight Slovak administrative regions and consists of 13 districts (okresy) and 666 municipalities, 23 of which have town status. The region was established in 1996 and is the most populous of all the regions in Slovakia. Its administrative center is the city of Prešov.
Kambale
Kambale is a surname traditionally given to second-born males among the Bakonzo people of Uganda, the Nande of eastern Congo, and individuals of Malawian origin. Notable people with this surname include:

Kambale Ferigo, Ugandan politician and legislator

Augustin Kambale, Congolese ranger

Matthews Kambale, Malawian former long-distance runner

Matthews Kambale
Matthews Kambale (born 27 December 1952) is a Malawian former long-distance runner.

At the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, Matthews ran the men's marathon, finishing in 56th place with a time of 2:45:50. Kambale competed in both the 10,000 metres and the marathon at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles: He finished twelfth in heat two of the 10,000 metres and so failed to qualify for the next round, and he did not complete the marathon.

He finished 26th in the 1982 Commonwealth Games marathon.
Marie Léonide Charvin
Marie Léonide Charvin was a French theater actress, better known by her stage name Agar. She was born in Sedan on September 18, 1832, and died on August 15, 1891, to Sidi M'Hamed in Algeria. She starred in some of the most famous French Plays of the 19the Century such as Cinna by Pierre Corneille, Athalie, Phèdre, Andromaque and Britannicus by Jean Racine and Le Passant by François Coppée. She also worked with some of the most famous actresses of their time such as Rachel Félix and Sarah Bernhardt. Upon her death Pauline Savari said "Above all in love with the great heroines, in turn Camille, Phèdre, Hermione and Emilie, she did not lavish her admirable talent in numerous and fleeting creations; but if it had only the two roles of the passer-by, that touching inspiration of François Coppée, and of the enemy mothers, the master and powerful work of Catulle Mendès! That would already be glory!" Marie Léonide Charvin is known as one of the most famous actresses of the late 19th century.

Sedan, Ardennes
Sedan (French pronunciation: [sədɑ̃] ⓘ) is a commune in the Ardennes department and Grand Est region of north-eastern France. It is also the chef-lieu (administrative centre) of the arrondissement of the same name.

Sedan is notable as the site of two major battles between the armed forces of France and Germany, both of which were won by Germany. The First Battle of Sedan in 1870 sealed the fate of the Second French Empire and paved the way to the foundation of the German Empire, leading to the subsequent annual celebration of "Sedan Day" in Germany. The Second Battle of Sedan in 1940 achieved a decisive breakthrough by Wehrmacht forces in the Battle of France and ultimately led to the collapse of the French Third Republic.
Taltita
Taltita (Arabic: تلتيتا)  is a Syrian village located in Kafr Takharim Nahiyah in Harem District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Taltita had a population of 487 in the 2004 census. It is a Druze village of the Jabal al-Sumaq region.

Idlib Governorate
Idlib Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة ادلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Idlib) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in northwestern Syria, bordering Turkey's Hatay province to the north, Aleppo Governorate to the east, Hama Governorate to the south, and Latakia Governorate to the west. Reports of its area vary, depending on the source, from 5,933 square kilometres (2,291 sq mi)2 to 6,097 square kilometres (2,354 sq mi)2. The provincial capital is Idlib.
Çampınar, Mut
Çampınar  (formerly Kahdama) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Mut, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 244 (2022). It is to the northwest of Mut. The distance to Mut is 60 kilometres (37 mi) and to Mersin is 225 kilometres (140 mi).

Mut, Mersin
Mut is a municipality and district of Mersin Province, Turkey. Its area is 2,718 km2, and its population is 62,874 (2022).

Mut is a rural district at the foot of the Sertavul Pass on the road over the Taurus Mountains from Ankara and Konya to the Mediterranean coast at Anamur or Silifke. Mut is known for its special apricot variety, Mut şekerparesi, and a statue of a girl carrying a basket of them stands at the entrance to the town. The summer is hot and the people of Mut retreat to high meadows (so called yayla) even further up the mountainside. The forests up here are home to wild boar, and the Gezende reservoir on the Ermenek River is a welcome patch of blue in this dry district. The dam has a hydro-electric power station built in Romania.
Double Alibi (1937 film)
Double Alibi is a 1937 British crime film directed by David MacDonald and starring Ernest Sefton, John Warwick and Linden Travers. It was made at Wembley Studios as a quota quickie by the British subsidiary of the Hollywood studio Fox.

Cinematograph Films Act 1927
The Cinematograph Films Act 1927 (17 & 18 Geo. 5. c. 29) was an act of the UK Parliament designed to stimulate the declining British film industry. It received royal assent on 22 December 1927 and came into force on 1 April 1928.
Roadstead
A roadstead or  road is a sheltered body of water where ships can lie reasonably safely at anchor without dragging or snatching. Protected from rip currents, spring tides, or ocean swell, a roadstead can be open or natural, usually estuary-based, or may be created artificially. In maritime law, it is described as a convenient or safe place where boats usually anchor.

Ship
A ship  is a large watercraft designed for travel across the surface of a body of water, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized tasks such as warfare, oceanography and fishing. Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity and purpose. Ships have supported exploration, trade, warfare, migration, colonization, and science. Ship transport is responsible for the largest portion of world commerce.

The word ship has meant, depending on era and context, either simply a large vessel or specifically a full-rigged ship with three or more masts, each of which is square rigged.

The earliest historical evidence of boats is found in Egypt during the 4th millennium BC. In 2024, ships had a global cargo capacity of 2.4 billion tons, with the three largest classes being ships carrying dry bulk (43%), oil tankers (28%) and container ships (14%).
Nizhny Muynak
Nizhny Muynak (Russian: Нижний Муйнак; Bashkir: Түбәнге Муйнаҡ, Tübänge Muynaq) is a rural locality (a village) in Muynaksky Selsoviet, Zianchurinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 73 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

Zianchurinsky District
Zianchurinsky District (Russian: Зианчу́ринский райо́н; Bashkir: Ейәнсура районы, Yeyänsura rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the south of the republic and borders with Kugarchinsky District in the north, Zilairsky District in the northeast and east, Khaybullinsky District in the east, and with Orenburg Oblast in the south and west. The area of the district is 3,342.35 square kilometers (1,290.49 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Isyangulovo. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 27,626, with the population of Isyangulovo accounting for 26.9% of that number.
Cúirt International Festival of Literature
The Cúirt International Festival of Literature is an annual literary festival held since 1985 in Galway in Ireland. The Irish language word cúirt (pronounced koortch) means "court".

The festival consists of a variety of events taking place over the course of a week each April with attendances and contributions from Irish and international writers. It includes readings of poetry and fiction, discussions, poetry slams, book launches, masterclasses, spoken and musical performances, multimedia events, theatre, and visual art. It was originally a poetry festival but its scope has broadened to include other forms.

The festival is sponsored by Údarás na Gaeltachta; the National University of Ireland, Galway; the Arts Council; Galway City Council; Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology; Fáilte Ireland; Foras na Gaeilge.

Charlie Byrne's Bookshop hosts the festival's pop-up bookshop in the Town Hall Theatre each year.

Fáilte Ireland
The National Tourism Development Authority of Ireland, operating as Fáilte Ireland, supports the development and promotion of tourism within Ireland, and undertakes tourism marketing, training and research activities.
It was established under the National Tourism Development Authority Act of 2003 to replace and build upon the functions of Bord Fáilte, its predecessor organisation.
Bill Cosby Sings Hooray for the Salvation Army Band!
Bill Cosby Sings Hooray for the Salvation Army Band! (1968) is the seventh album by Bill Cosby. This was his second studio album to feature his singing, and features less serious renditions (often with satirical lyrics written or improvised by Cosby) of then-current rock and soul hits. As on his previous, debut music album Silver Throat, he is backed by the Watts 103rd Street Rhythm Band.

The title track is actually a parody set to the tune of Jimi Hendrix's "Purple Haze", although Hendrix is not credited, while "Funky North Philadelphia" is also a parody of the Dyke and the Blazers/Wilson Pickett song "Funky Broadway."

The cover photo is from the 16th espiode of the third season of I Spy, "Tag, You're It."

Charles Wright & the Watts 103rd Street Rhythm Band
Charles Wright & the Watts 103rd Street Rhythm Band is an American soul and funk band. Formed in the early 1960s, they had the most visibility from 1967 to 1973 when the band had 9 singles reach Billboard's pop and/or rhythm and blues charts, such as "Do Your Thing", "Till You Get Enough", and "Love Land". They are best known for their biggest hit on Warner Bros. Records, 1970's "Express Yourself", a song that has been sampled by rap group N.W.A and others.
Pontibacillus litoralis
Pontibacillus litoralis is a Gram-positive, moderately halophilic, facultatively anaerobic, endospore-forming and motile bacterium from the genus of Pontibacillus which has been isolated from the surface of the sea anemone Anthopleura xanthogrammica from the Naozhou Island in China.

Naozhou Island
Naozhou Island (French: Île Nau-Chau; Chinese: 硇洲岛; pinyin: Náozhōu Dǎo) (Nao Chow) is an island in the South China Sea. Administratively, the island is organized as Naozhou Town (硇洲镇) within Mazhang District of Zhanjiang City of Guangdong Province of China.
Capitol View (building)
Capitol View is a high-rise building located in Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States. Construction of the building began in 2006 and was completed in 2007. The building's architectural style is modern, with the building material being granite. The building was developed by the architectural company, Shalom Baranes Associates, PC. The building was constructed by Clark Construction. The building is estimated to have cost US$37 million to construct. The building was awarded the 2007 Washington Building Congress Craftsmanship Award for Sitework.

Clark Construction
Clark Construction Group, LLC is a construction firm headquartered in McLean, Virginia, and founded in 1906. The company had 2018 annual revenue of more than $5 billion, and is one of the largest commercial and civil contractors in the country. Some projects include Capital One Arena and L'Enfant Plaza.
Viral transport medium
Viral transport medium (VTM) is a solution used to preserve virus specimens after collection so that they can be transported and analysed in a laboratory at a later time. Unless stored in an ultra low temperature freezer or in liquid nitrogen, virus samples, and especially RNA virus samples, are prone to degradation. However, such cooling equipment is seldom available in the field due to their cumbersome size, weight, and in the case of freezers, high energy consumption. Hence, there is a need for VTM; a chemical preservative that can be used at ambient temperature. Chemical components may include saline solution, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), or fetal bovine serum (FBS). VTM must be sterile to avoid introducing contamination to the specimen.

In the United States, the FDA and CDC publish guidelines for VTM production.

Ultra-low temperature freezer
An ultra low temperature (ULT) freezer is a refrigerator that stores contents at −80 to −86 °C (−112 to −123 °F). An ultra low temperature freezer is commonly referred to as a "minus 80 freezer" or a "negative 80 freezer", referring to the most common temperature standard. ULT freezers come in upright and chest freezer formats.
Michigan's 31st Senate district
Michigan's 31st Senate district is one of 38 districts in the Michigan Senate. The 31st district was created by the 1850 Michigan Constitution, as the 1835 constitution only permitted  a maximum of eight senate districts. It has been represented by Republican Roger Victory since 2023, succeeding fellow Republican Kevin Daley.

Constitution of Michigan
The Constitution of the State of Michigan is the governing document of the U.S. state of Michigan. It describes the structure and function of the state's government.

There have been four constitutions approved by the people of Michigan. The first was approved on October 5 and 6, 1835, written as Michigan was preparing to become a state of the Union, which occurred in January 1837. Subsequent constitutions were ratified in 1850 and 1908. The current constitution was approved by voters in 1963.
John Edson Sweet
John Edson Sweet (Pompey, New York, October 21, 1832 – Syracuse, New York, May 8, 1916) was an American mechanical engineer, inventor, professor, businessman and president of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers from 1884–1885. He is known for building the first micrometer caliper in 1873, for making tools, and for inventing the "straight line" engine.

Micrometer (device)
A micrometer (/maɪˈkrɒmɪtər/ my-KROM-it-ər), sometimes known as a micrometer screw gauge (MSG), is a device incorporating a calibrated screw for accurate measurement of the size of components. It is widely used in mechanical engineering, machining, metrology and most mechanical trades, along with other dimensional instruments such as dial, vernier, and digital calipers. Micrometers are usually, but not always, in the form of calipers (opposing ends joined by a frame). The spindle is a very accurately machined screw and the object to be measured is placed between the spindle and the anvil. The spindle is moved by turning the ratchet knob or thimble until the object to be measured is lightly touched by both the spindle and the anvil.
Harrow Skate Park
Harrow Skate Park or Harrow Solid Surf is one of only two remaining 1970s shotcrete skateparks still operating in the United Kingdom. It is located next to Byron Park and Harrow Leisure Centre in Wealdstone in the London Borough of Harrow, England.

Primarily because of its age and design, it is one of the most noted skateparks in the UK and is favourably compared to other classic seventies skatepark designs such as Marina del Rey (Los Angeles) and "Pipeline" (Upland, California) in the US.

Upland, California
Upland is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States, on the border with neighboring Los Angeles County. The municipality is located at an elevation of 1,242 feet (379 m). As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 79,040, up from 73,732 at the 2010 census.

Upland was incorporated as a city on May 15, 1906; it was previously named North Ontario. Upland is located at the foot of the highest part of the San Gabriel Mountains and is part of the Inland Empire, a metropolitan area situated directly east of Los Angeles County.