hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kuo-Chu Chang
Kuo-Chu Chang is an electrical engineer.

Chang completed his master's degree in electrical engineering in 1983 and his doctorate in the same subject in 1986, both at the University of Connecticut. After obtaining his master's, Chang began working as a senior research scientist for Booz Allen Hamilton. He left Booz Allen in 1992 for a faculty position at George Mason University. He has edited the Tracking/Navigation Systems (1993–1996) and the Large Scale Systems (1996–2006) sections of the IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, and served as associate editor for the IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (2002–2007). He is affiliated with GMU's Institute for Digital Innovation and the Volgenau School of Engineering. Chang was elected a fellow of the IEEE in 2010.

IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems
IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society. It covers the organization, design, development, integration, and operation of complex systems for space, air, ocean, or ground environment. The editor-in-chief is Gokhan Inalhan. 
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 4.102.
1566 Icarus
1566 Icarus (/ˈɪkərəs/ IK-ə-rəs; provisional designation: 1949 MA) is a large near-Earth object of the Apollo group and the lowest numbered potentially hazardous asteroid. It has an extremely eccentric orbit (0.83) and measures approximately 1.4 km (0.87 mi) in diameter. In 1968, it became the first asteroid ever observed by radar. Its orbit brings it closer to the Sun than Mercury and further out than the orbit of Mars, which also makes it a Mercury-, Venus-, and Mars-crossing asteroid. This stony asteroid and relatively fast rotator with a period of 2.27 hours was discovered on 27 June 1949, by German astronomer Walter Baade at the Palomar Observatory in California. It was named after the mythological Icarus.

Provisional designation in astronomy
Provisional designation is the naming convention applied to astronomical objects immediately following their discovery. The provisional designation is usually superseded by a permanent designation once a reliable orbit has been calculated. As of 2019, approximately 47% of the more than 1,100,000 known minor planets remain provisionally designated, as hundreds of thousands have been discovered in the last two decades. The modern system is overseen by the Minor Planet Center of the International Astronomical Union.
Frédéric Henri Walther
Frédéric-Louis-Henri, Count Walther (20 June 1761 – 24 November 1813), was a French general of division and a supporter of Napoleon Bonaparte. He fought in the Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars.

He enlisted in 1781 and, in his 30-year career, he saw action at the major battles in Europe. He fought in André Masséna's Army of Switzerland, where he participated in the Winterthur and First and Second Battles of Zürich, the campaigns of 1806 against Prussia, and Napoleon's invasion of Russia. After the Russian and Saxon campaign, while suffering from exhaustion, he contracted typhus and died in Kusel, in the Saarland. He was buried at the Panthéon, and his name is listed on the Arc de Triomphe in Paris.

Divisional general
Divisional general (alternatively general of division) is a general officer rank who commands an army division. The rank originates from the French Revolutionary System, and is used by a number of countries.  The rank is above a brigade general, and normally below an army corps general.

The rank is mostly used in countries where it is used as a modern alternative to a previous older rank of major-general or lieutenant-general.
2010 Peruvian Segunda División
The 2010 Segunda División season was the 58th edition of the second tier of Federación Peruana de Futbol. There were 10 teams in league play. The champion, Cobresol, was promoted to the 2011 Torneo Descentralizado. The last place, Tecnológico, was relegated to 2011 Copa Perú. The tournament was played on a home-and-away round-robin basis.

In February 2010, IDUNSA signed a strategic alliance with the club Carlos A. Mannucci, by the product of this "strategic alliance" IDUNSA will pass to be called Carlos Mannucci and light up the classical colors of the tricolor. Weeks later, the alliance was canceled due to that the ADFP-SD did not accept the change of headquarters.

On May 28, 2010, IDUNSA and Sport Águila withdrew before the start of the season.

Peruvian Football Federation
The Peruvian Football Federation (Spanish: Federación Peruana de Fútbol or FPF) is the body that governs Association football in Peru. It was founded on August 23, 1922, and affiliated with FIFA in 1924. It is a member of CONMEBOL since 1925, and directly oversees the Peru national football team, futsal team youth teams, Peruvian Primera División, and the amateur leagues. The Peruvian National football team has won two Copa Américas, six Bolivarian Games titles and qualified for the FIFA World Cup five times.

It is indirectly involved in the organization of the Primera División (today Liga 1), the Liga Femenina, Liga 2, Liga 3, Copa Perú, Copa LFP - FPF and others. It is headquartered in the Villa Deportiva Nacional (VIDENA) on Aviación Avenue 2085 in San Luis, Lima, which is also the training center of most Peruvian sports federations.
Our Lady of Soterraña de Nieva
Our Lady of Soterraña de Nieva (also spelt Soterrania; "of Subterranean of Nieva") is an 18th-century Roman Catholic image of the Blessed Virgin Mary crafted in part ivory and solid 18 karat gold formerly venerated in the Philippines. The image was previously owned by former First Lady Imelda Marcos. The image is also known among collectors of Catholic religious images under its former Marian title and category of Our Lady of Nieva or Our Lady of Subterranean. The image has its origins in Spain under its recognised title, Our Lady of Soterraña.

Nieva, Spain
Nieva is a municipality located in the province of Segovia, Castile and León, Spain, about 32 km (19.8 mi) northwest of the town of Segovia. According to the 2010 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 340 inhabitants.
1982 Mercedes Cup – Singles
Björn Borg was the defending champion, but did not play that year. Borg would eventually retire from professional tennis in January 1983, after playing only one tournament in the entire season at Monte Carlo.

Ramesh Krishnan won the title by defeating Sandy Mayer 5–7, 6–3, 6–3, 7–6 in the final.

Sandy Mayer
Alexander Mayer (born April 5, 1952) is a former tennis player from the United States. He won twelve titles in singles and twenty-four titles in doubles in his professional career, and was part of the winning tennis squad at Stanford University in 1973.
2023 L'Open 35 de Saint-Malo – Singles
Beatriz Haddad Maia was the defending champion, but chose to participate in the Madrid Open, instead.

Sloane Stephens won the title, defeating Greet Minnen in the final, 6–3, 6–4. This was Stephens first WTA 125 title, despite having won titles in the main WTA Tour.

Alice Robbe
Alice Robbe (born 10 May 2000) is a French professional tennis player.

She has career-high WTA rankings of No. 190 in singles and No. 285 in doubles. Robbe has won three singles titles and eight doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
St. Paul and Duluth Railroad
The St. Paul and Duluth Railroad, a railroad in Minnesota and Wisconsin, operated independently from 1877, when it was reorganized from the Lake Superior and Mississippi Railroad, until 1900, when it was bought by the Northern Pacific Railway. It was nicknamed named the "Skally Line", likely based upon the Anglicization of the Swedish word "skulle", meaning "would." Many Swedish immigrants "would" take the line, which ran from Saint Paul to Duluth, Minnesota, and had branches to the Minnesota destinations of Minneapolis, Taylors Falls, Kettle River and Cloquet; and the Wisconsin destinations of Grantsburg and Superior.

Grantsburg, Wisconsin
Grantsburg is a village in Burnett County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,330 at the 2020 census. The village is located within the Town of Grantsburg. It was established by Canute Anderson.
Villa of the Mysteries
The Villa of the Mysteries (Italian: Villa dei Misteri) is a well-preserved suburban ancient Roman villa on the outskirts of Pompeii, southern Italy. It is famous for the series of exquisite frescos in Room 5, which are usually interpreted as showing the initiation of a bride into a Greco-Roman mystery cult. These are now among the best known of the relatively rare survivals of Ancient Roman painting from the 1st century BC.

Like the rest of the Roman city of Pompeii, the villa was buried in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD. It was excavated from 1909 onwards. It is now a popular part of tourist visits to Pompeii and forms part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site at Pompeii. The Villa of the Mysteries has also been featured in music and media— inspiring Corde Oblique's song "Slide" and serving as a setting in the novel Queen of the Damned by Anne Rice.

The Queen of the Damned
The Queen of the Damned (1988) is a vampire novel by American writer  Anne Rice, the third in her The Vampire Chronicles series.  It follows Interview with the Vampire and The Vampire Lestat.  This novel is a continuation of the story that ends in a cliffhanger in The Vampire Lestat and explores the rich history and mythology of the origin of the vampires, which dates back to Ancient Egypt.

In March 2014, a new installment of Rice's series  was announced  titled Prince Lestat, which Rice's son, novelist Christopher Rice, called "a true sequel to The Queen of the Damned".
East Farnham
East Farnham is a municipality located in the province of Quebec, Canada. It is part of Brome-Missisquoi Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Estrie. The population as of the 2021 Canadian Census was 612.

Brome-Missisquoi Regional County Municipality
Brome-Missisquoi (French pronunciation: [bʁɔm misiskwa]) is a regional county municipality in the Estrie region of Quebec, Canada. It lies in the Eastern Townships area.  The seat is Cowansville.
In 2021, it was transferred to the Estrie region from Montérégie.

In Parliament it is covered by the Brome—Missisquoi federal electoral district.
Łękuk Mały
Łękuk Mały [ˈwɛnkuk ˈmawɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wydminy, within Giżycko County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) north-east of Wydminy, 26 km (16 mi) east of Giżycko, and 113 km (70 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Nearby there is a lake called Lake Łękuckie or Lake Łękuk. The lake is used for a special fishing ground. Names for Lake Łękuckie that were found in documents: Langkuck (1595), Lunkucken (1340), Grosser Lenkuk See (1928, 1940), Wielki Łękuk (1870), and Duży Łęku – a lake east of the village of Żabinki.

Giżycko County
Giżycko County (Polish: powiat giżycki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms of 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Giżycko, which lies 88 kilometres (55 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The only other town in the county is Ryn, lying 18 km (11 mi) south-west of Giżycko.

The county covers an area of 1,118.74 square kilometres (431.9 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 56,661, out of which the population of Giżycko is 29,335, that of Ryn is 2,851, and the rural population is 24,475.

Until 2002 Giżycko County also included the three gminas which now form Węgorzewo County.
Tunbridge Wells Open
The Tunbridge Wells Open was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament founded in 1908 as the Tunbridge Wells Open Lawn Tennis Tournament. It was played at the  Tunbridge Wells Lawn Tennis Club, Tunbridge Wells, Kent, England. The tournament ran until 1981 when it was discontinued as part of the ILTF Circuit.

Royal Tunbridge Wells
Royal Tunbridge Wells (formerly, until 1909, and still commonly Tunbridge Wells) is a town in Kent, England, 30 miles (50 kilometres) southeast of Central London. It lies close to the border with East Sussex on the northern edge of the High Weald, whose sandstone geology is exemplified by the rock formation High Rocks. The town was a spa in the Restoration and a fashionable resort in the mid-1700s under Beau Nash when the Pantiles, and its chalybeate spring, attracted visitors who wished to take the waters. Though its popularity as a spa town waned with the advent of sea bathing, the town still derives much of its income from tourism. The prefix "Royal" was granted to it in 1909 by King Edward VII; it is one of only three towns in England with the title.

The town had a population of 59,947 in 2016, and is the administrative centre of Tunbridge Wells Borough and in the parliamentary constituency of Tunbridge Wells.
Matteo Belfrond
Matteo Belfrond (born 15 December 1967) is a retired Italian alpine skier.
Ora e' un operatore turistico che gestisce nel comprensorio di Courmayeur (AO) l'hotel Miravalle a Planpincieux e il "Bistrot de Geant" a Courmayeur

Courmayeur
Courmayeur (French: [kuʁmajœʁ] ⓘ, Italian: [kurmaˈjør, -ˈjɛr]; Valdôtain: Croméyeui) is a town and comune in northern Italy, in the autonomous region of Aosta Valley, serving as one of the two bases on either side of Mont Blanc, Europe's highest mountain.
Hold Back the River (James Bay song)
"Hold Back the River" is a song by English singer-songwriter James Bay. It was released on 17 November 2014 by Republic Records, part of Bay's EP also called Hold Back The River. The song was written by the Ivor Novello award winner Iain Archer with Bay and produced by Jacquire King. The song peaked at number 2 on the UK Singles Chart. It was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Rock Song. The song was used in the movie The Space Between Us.

The Space Between Us (film)
The Space Between Us is a 2017 American romantic science fiction film directed by Peter Chelsom and written by Allan Loeb, from a story by Stewart Schill, Richard Barton Lewis, and Loeb. The film stars Gary Oldman, Asa Butterfield, Britt Robertson, and Carla Gugino, and follows a teenage boy, born on Mars, who travels to Earth.

Principal photography began on September 14, 2015, in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The film was released on February 3, 2017, by STXfilms. It received negative reviews from critics and was a box office bomb, grossing $16 million against its $30 million budget.
5Pillars
5Pillars is a UK-based news and commentary website that covers issues related to British Muslims, as well as developments in the broader Islamic world. Founded in 2013, it operates independently and is primarily funded through reader donations, subscriptions, and advertising. The platform has been described by analysts as promoting a conservative Sunni and pan-Islamist perspective, and as being critical of Ahmadis, LGBTQ+ individuals, and Zionism. The outlet frequently highlights Palestinian issues and addresses Islamophobia in Western contexts. Although it was previously regulated by IMPRESS, reports suggest that it has withdrawn from the regulator. Notable media initiatives by 5Pillars include the Blood Brothers and Muslim Uncensored podcasts, which feature discussions on religious, political, and social topics relevant to Muslim communities.

Community Security Trust
The Community Security Trust (CST) is a British charity whose stated mission is to provide safety, security, and advice to the Jewish community in the UK. It provides advice, training, representation and research.
Coleman Creek (San Diego County)
Coleman Creek is a tributary of the San Diego River in San Diego County, California, that arises at the top of the valley running southeasterly from Julian, at a saddle between two ridges of the Cuyamaca Mountains just south of Kentwood-In-The-Pines.  From there, Coleman Creek descends northwesterly down the valley to Julian, where it turns west, descending its canyon northwesterly through the site of Branson City, past the mouth of its tributary Eastwood Creek on the north, passing through the south end of Spencer Valley, past the mouth of its tributary Baily Creek on the north, then descending northwest down Quanai Canyon to its confluence with the San Diego River.

Kentwood-In-The-Pines, California
33°04′18″N 116°34′32″W﻿ / ﻿33.07167°N 116.57556°W﻿ / 33.07167; -116.57556

Kentwood-In-The-Pines is an unincorporated community, 0.8 miles (1.3 km) east-southeast of Julian in San Diego County, California.
March of the Artillerymen
The "March of the Artillerymen" (Russian: Марш артиллеристов, romanized: Marš artilleristov), also known as the "March of Stalin's Artillerymen", is a 1943 Soviet marching song, written in Russian by Viktor Gusev and composed by Tikhon Khrennikov.

March (music)
A march is a musical composition with a strong regular rhythm which in origin was expressly written for lockstep marching of soldiers. As a musical genre, it is a type of martial music, most frequently performed by a military band during parades.

March music pieces vary widely in mood, ranging from the emotional funeral march in Wagner's Götterdämmerung to the brisk Romantic marches of John Philip Sousa and the militaristic hymns of the late 19th century. Examples of the varied use of the march can be found in Beethoven's Eroica Symphony, in the Marches Militaires of Franz Schubert, in the Marche funèbre in Chopin's Sonata in B flat minor, the "Jäger March" in the Op. 91a by Jean Sibelius, and in the Dead March in Handel's Saul.
Peter Øvig Knudsen
Peter Øvig Knudsen (Born 9 October 1961 in Holme, Aarhus, Denmark) is a Danish Journalist and Author.

He is educated from the Danish School of Media and Journalism in 1987.
He has previously worked for 'Månedsbladet Press', Dagbladet Information, Weekendavisen, and Danmarks Radio.

Since 2003 he has worked full time as a non-fiction author and film-maker.

In 2003 together with Morten Henriksen he directed the documentary Med ret til at dræbe based on the books; Efter drabet og Birkedal. In 2004 he won the Robert Award for Best Documentary Feature for the movie.

In 2007 he won the Cavlingprisen for his book series Blekingegadebanden on the maoist criminal group The Blekinge Street Gang.

Weekendavisen
Weekendavisen (meaning The Weekend Newspaper in English) is a Danish weekly broadsheet newspaper published on Fridays in Denmark. Its circulation (as of 2007) is approximately 60,000 copies, about ten per cent of which cover subscriptions outside Denmark. According to opinion polls, however, the actual number of readers is much higher (290,000 in 2007).
Changzhou railway station
Changzhou railway station (Chinese: 常州站; pinyin: Chángzhōu zhàn) is a railway station on the Jinghu railway and Shanghai-Nanjing Intercity Railway. The station is located in Changzhou, Jiangsu, China. Roughly 350 trains stop there daily. The station is connected to Line 1 of the Changzhou Metro.

Changzhou Metro
The Changzhou Metro is a rapid transit system in Changzhou, Jiangsu province, China.

The system started operation on 21 September 2019, with the opening of its first line, Line 1, becoming the 35th city in China with a subway in Mainland China. The Changzhou Metro currently has Line 1 and Line 2 in operation, while Line 5 and Line 6 is under construction.

Announcements are made in Mandarin and English.
Marshfield, Newport
Marshfield (Welsh: Maerun) is a village and community of Newport, Wales. It sits approximately 5 miles (8 km) southwest of Newport, and 7 miles (11 km) northeast of Cardiff. The area is governed by Newport City Council. The community includes Castleton. Its population in 2011 was 3,054.

Newport city centre
Newport city centre is traditionally regarded as the area of Newport, Wales bounded by the west bank of the River Usk, the George Street Bridge, the eastern flank of Stow Hill and the South Wales Main Line. Most of the city centre is contained within two conservation areas: the central area and the area around Lower Dock Street. Most of the city centre is located in the Stow Hill district.
UEFA European Qualifiers
UEFA European Qualifiers are the qualifying matches for the UEFA qualification matches as a part of the FIFA World Cup and the UEFA European Championship, trademarked from 2016. For details:

FIFA World Cup qualifiers

UEFA European Championship qualifying

UEFA European Championship qualifying
The UEFA European Championship qualifying, branded as the European Qualifiers, is the process that UEFA-affiliated national football teams go through in order to qualify for the UEFA European Championship.

In this article, the years represent the final tournaments of the European Championship, and are not meant to correspond to the actual dates when the qualification matches were played.
Solicitor General of Missouri
The solicitor general of Missouri is the top appellate lawyer for the State of Missouri. It is an appointed position in the Office of the Missouri Attorney General, with supervision over all of the office's  major appellate cases and amicus briefs. The majority of the matters that the solicitor general handles are argued in the United States Supreme Court and the Missouri Supreme Court, although the solicitor general is also responsible for Missouri's filings in the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit and the Missouri Court of Appeals.

Missouri Attorney General
The Office of the Missouri Attorney General was created in 1806 when Missouri was part of the Louisiana Territory. Missouri's first Constitution in 1820 provided for an appointed attorney general, but since the 1865 Constitution, the Attorney General has been elected. As of September 2025 there have been 45 attorneys general in Missouri.

By law, the attorney general is a member of the Board of Fund Commissioners, the Board of Public Buildings, the Governor's Committee on Interstate Cooperation, the Missouri Highway Reciprocity Commission and the Missouri Housing Development Commission.

Offices of the Attorney General are located throughout the state of Missouri with the main office being in the Supreme Court building in Jefferson City.
Yahritza y su Esencia
Yahritza y su Esencia (Spanish for "Yahritza and her Essence") is an American trio from Washington state's Yakima Valley who specialize in regional Mexican music; specifically the urban sierreño subgenre. The band are three siblings: Yahritza Martínez (vocals and acoustic guitar), Armando "Mando" Martínez (twelve-string guitar), and Jairo Martínez (acoustic bass).

For the week of April 9, 2022, their song "Soy el Único" appeared on the Billboard Global 200. Yahritza wrote the song when she was fourteen. At the 23rd Annual Latin Grammy Awards, the trio was nominated for Best New Artist as well as for Best Norteño Album for Obsessed, their debut album.

Latin Grammy Award for Best Norteño Album
The Latin Grammy Award for Best Norteño Album is an honor presented annually at the Latin Grammy Awards, a ceremony that recognizes excellence and creates a wider awareness of cultural diversity and contributions of Latin recording artists in the United States and internationally.

The award goes to solo artists, duos, or groups for releasing vocal or instrumental albums containing at least 51% of new recordings in the norteño genre.

Los Tigres del Norte are the most awarded performers with eight accolades in this category and they were also the first recipient of this award in 2000 for the album Herencia de Familia.