hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Historia Calamitatum
Historia Calamitatum (known in English as The Story of My Misfortunes or The History of My Calamities), also known as Abaelardi ad Amicum Suum Consolatoria, is an autobiographical work in Latin by Peter Abelard (1079–1142), a medieval French pioneer of scholastic philosophy. The work, written in 1132 or soon after, is one of the first autobiographical works in medieval Western Europe, written in the form of a letter (and, as such, is clearly influenced by Augustine's Confessions).

The letter is an extensive self-analysis of Abelard up to the age of about fifty-four, and provides readers with knowledge of his views of women, learning, monastic life, Church and State combined, and the social milieu of the time.

Abelard emphasizes how persecuted he feels by his peers throughout the work. He quotes saints, apostles, and at one point, compares his struggles  to those of Christ.

Confessions (Augustine)
Confessions (Latin: Confessiones) is an autobiographical work by Augustine of Hippo, consisting of 13 books written in Latin between AD 397 and 400. The work outlines Augustine's sinful youth and his conversion to Christianity. Modern English translations are sometimes published under the title The Confessions of Saint Augustine in order to distinguish it from other books with similar titles. Its original title was Confessions in Thirteen Books; it was composed to be read out loud, with each book being a complete unit.

Confessions is generally considered one of Augustine's most important texts. It is widely seen as the first autobiography written in the Western world (Ovid had invented the genre at the start of the first century AD with his Tristia) and was an influential model for Christian writers throughout the Middle Ages. Henry Chadwick wrote that Confessions will "always rank among the great masterpieces of western literature".
Agrahari
Agrahari, Agraharee or Agarhari is an Indian Vaishya community. They are the descendants of legendary king Agrasena. Predominantly, they are found in the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Terai region of Nepal.

Agroha (town)
Agroha is a town near Hisar city, Hisar district in Haryana state of northern India, between Hisar city and Fatehabad on NH 09. Ancient structures, pot-shards, coins and seals have been found in archaeological excavations at the Agroha Mound.
Teresa Portela (Spanish canoeist)
María Teresa Portela Rivas (born 5 May 1982) is a Spanish sprint canoer who has competed since the early 2000s. Portela competed in seven Summer Olympics, earning a silver medal on her sixth games at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Women's K-1 200 m. Previously she finished fourth on one occasion (2012 Summer Olympics: Women's K-1 200 m) and fifth on three occasions (2004: K-2 500 m, K-4 500 m; 2008: K-4 500 m).

She won 15 medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with 2 golds (K-1 200 m: 2002, 2005), 6 silvers (K-1 200 m: 2003, K-2 200 m: 2003, 2005; K-4 200 m: 2001, 2002, 2003) and 7 bronzes (K-4 200 m: 2005, K-4 500 m: 2001, 2002, 2003, 2009, K-1 200 m: 2015, 2019).

Canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's K-4 500 metres
The women's K-4 500 metres competition in canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics took place at the Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park in Beijing between August 18 and 22. The K-4 event is raced in four-person kayaks.

Competition consists of three rounds: the heats, the semifinals, and the final. All boats compete in the heats. The top three finishers in each of the two heats advance directly to the final, while the remaining four finishers from both heats move on to the semifinal. The top three finishers in the semifinal join the heats winners in the final.

Heats took place on August 18, semifinals on August 20, and the final on August 22.
TRNA (adenine-N1-)-methyltransferase
In enzymology, a tRNA (adenine-N1-)-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.36) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA  S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing N1-methyladenine

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are S-adenosyl methionine and tRNA, whereas its two products are S-adenosylhomocysteine and tRNA containing N1-methyladenine.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is S-adenosyl-L-methionine:tRNA (adenine-N1-)-methyltransferase. Other names in common use include transfer ribonucleate adenine 1-methyltransferase, transfer RNA (adenine-1) methyltransferase, 1-methyladenine transfer RNA methyltransferase, adenine-1-methylase, and S-adenosyl-L-methionine:tRNA (adenine-1-N-)-methyltransferase.

S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine
S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) is the biosynthetic precursor to homocysteine.  SAH is formed by the demethylation of S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Adenosylhomocysteinase converts SAH into homocysteine and adenosine.
PGC 1470080
PGC 1470080 is a type E elliptical galaxy located in the Boötes constellation. It is located 3 billion light-years away from the Solar System and has a diameter of 571,000 light-years, making it a type-cD galaxy and one of the largest.

Diameter
In geometry, a diameter of a circle is any straight line segment that passes through the centre of the circle and whose endpoints lie on the circle. It can also be defined as the longest chord of the circle. Both definitions are also valid for the diameter of a sphere.

In more modern usage, the length  of a diameter is also called the diameter. In this sense one speaks of the diameter rather than a diameter (which refers to the line segment itself), because all diameters of a circle or sphere have the same length, this being twice the radius

The word "diameter" is derived from Ancient Greek: διάμετρος (diametros), "diameter of a circle", from διά (dia), "across, through" and μέτρον (metron), "measure". It is often abbreviated  or
Tarruella
Tarruella is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Concepció Tarruella (1949–2024), Spanish nurse and politician

José Tarruella (1870–1958), Spanish doctor and sports leader

Ramón Massó Tarruella (1928–2017), Spanish media and communications expert

Ramón Massó Tarruella
Ramón Massó Tarruella (1928–2017) was a Spanish media and communications expert, known also for his role in Carlism of the 1960s. He gained nationwide recognition in the 1970s and 1980s, when as academic, theorist and brand communications specialist he published numerous books and co-ran a media agency. In historiography he is moderately recognized for his role in politics of mid-Francoism. He was leading the group of young Carlist activists who challenged the Traditionalists and eventually ensured domination of the progressist current. However, his bid to promote Prince Carlos Hugo as a future monarch and as an alternative to prince Juan Carlos failed.
Videbæk
Videbæk is a town, with a population of 4,351 (1 January 2025), located in Ringkøbing-Skjern Municipality, Region Midtjylland, at the road between Ringkøbing and Herning. It was the municipal seat of the former Videbæk Municipality.

Videbæk is known for Per Arnoldi's large corten steel sculpture in the shape of a V, known as "The V", which is found at a roundabout at the entrance to the town.  The sculpture was dedicated on 15 August 1996.

Weathering steel
Weathering steel, often called corten steel (or its trademarked name, COR-TEN) is a group of steel alloys that form a stable external layer of rust that eliminates the need for painting.

U.S. Steel (USS) holds the registered trademark on the name COR-TEN. The name COR-TEN refers to the two distinguishing properties of this type of steel: corrosion resistance and tensile strength. Although USS sold its discrete plate business to International Steel Group (now ArcelorMittal) in 2003, it makes COR-TEN branded material in strip mill plate and sheet forms.

The original COR-TEN received the standard designation A242 (COR-TEN A) from the ASTM International standards group. Newer ASTM grades are A588 (COR-TEN B) and A606 for thin sheet. All of the alloys are in common production and use.

The surface oxidation generally takes six months to develop, although surface treatments can accelerate this to as little as one hour.
Bandit Queen (1950 film)
Bandit Queen is a 1950 American black-and-white Western film directed by William Berke and starring Barbara Britton and Phillip Reed as two Robin Hood-type bandits.

Set near Madera, California during the California Gold Rush, the film includes a fictional depiction of legendary bandit Joaquin Murrieta (Reed).

William Berke
William A. Berke (October 3, 1903 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin – February 15, 1958 in Los Angeles, California) was an American film director, film producer, actor and screenwriter. He wrote, directed, and/or produced some 200 films over a three-decade career.
Shuyukh Fawqani
Shuyukh Fawqani (Arabic: شيوخ فوقاني, lit. 'Upper Shuyukh'; Kurdish: Şexlêr Jorin) is a town in northeastern Aleppo Governorate, northern Syria.

Located on the eastern banks of river Euphrates, across Jarabulus Tahtani, and some 5 km (3.1 mi) north of Shuyukh Tahtani, the town is the largest settlement of Nahiya Shuyukh Tahtani with 9,303 inhabitants, as per the 2004 census. al-Nasiriyyah Bridge, a modern road bridge, connected the town with both Jarabulus and the city of Manbij, some 30 km (19 mi) to the southwest, until the bridge was destroyed by ISIL in March 2015.

Shuyukh Tahtani Subdistrict
Shuyukh Tahtani Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية شيوخ تحتاني, Kurdish: Navçeya Şexlêr Jur)  is a subdistrict of Ayn al-Arab District in Aleppo Governorate of northern Syria. Administrative centre is Shuyukh Tahtani.

At the 2004 census, the subdistrict had a population of 43,861. The majority of the subdistrict's population is Kurdish, with an Arab minority.
Shelley Duvall's Bedtime Stories
Shelley Duvall's Bedtime Stories (also known as Bedtime Stories) is an American live-action/animated anthology television series that originally ran on Showtime from April 21, 1992 to December 11, 1994. The series, hosted by Shelley Duvall, was a showcase of short animated adaptations of children's books with narration provided by celebrity guests. The VHS tapes were released by MCA/Universal Home Video, but were closed-captioned by the National Captioning Institute instead of Captions, Inc.

National Captioning Institute
The National Captioning Institute, Inc. (NCI) is an American 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that provides real-time and off-line closed captioning, subtitling and translation, described video, web captioning, and Spanish captioning for television and films. Created in 1979 and headquartered in Chantilly, Virginia, the organization was the first to caption live TV and home video, and holds the trademark on the display icon featuring a simple geometric rendering of a cathode ray tube television set merged with a speech balloon to indicate that a program is captioned by National Captioning Institute. National Captioning Institute also has an office in Santa Clarita, California.
Robert Weaver (surfer)
Robert "Wingnut" Weaver (born 1965) is an American surfer. He has appeared in several of Bruce Brown's surf films, starring in three of them alongside Pat O'Connell. In 1991, Weaver graduated from University of California, Santa Cruz with a degree in economics and marketing.

Surf film
Surf movies fall into three distinct genres:

The surfing documentary — targeting the surfing enthusiast.

The 1960s beach party films — targeting the broader community.

Fictional feature films with a focus on the reality of surfing.
Rhythms (Delaunay)
Rhythms (French: Rythmes) is an oil on canvas painting by the French artist Robert Delaunay, from 1934. It is part of the collection of the Musée National d'Art Moderne, in Paris.

The painting was inspired by the round shapes that marked the return of the artist to orphism and study of harmony in painting.

Orphism (art)
Orphism or Orphic Cubism, a term coined by the French poet Guillaume Apollinaire in 1912, was an offshoot of Cubism that focused on pure abstraction and bright colors, influenced by Fauvism, the theoretical writings of Paul Signac, Charles Henry and the dye chemist Michel Eugène Chevreul. This movement, perceived as key in the transition from Cubism to Abstract art, was pioneered by František Kupka, Robert Delaunay and Sonia Delaunay, who relaunched the use of color during the monochromatic phase of Cubism.

Orphism art scrutinizes color and the effects of light. Orphism art was painted in the early 1910s, when modern technology innovations altered the perceived time and space. Artists who engaged with Orphism explored the transformative possibilities of color, form, and motion. Marcel Duchamp, Mainie Jellett, Francis Picabia, Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso, Stanton Macdonald-Wright, and Morgan Russell painted Orphism art.
Object Data Management Group
The Object Data Management Group (ODMG) was conceived in the summer of 1991 at a breakfast with object database vendors that was organized by Rick Cattell of Sun Microsystems. In 1998, the ODMG changed its name from the Object Database Management Group to reflect the expansion of its efforts to include specifications for both object database and object–relational mapping products.

The primary goal of the ODMG was to put forward a set of specifications that allowed a developer to write portable applications for object database and object–relational mapping products.  In order to do that, the data schema, programming language bindings, and data manipulation and query languages needed to be portable.

Between 1993 and 2001, the ODMG published five revisions to its specification. The last revision was ODMG  version 3.0, after which the group disbanded.

Language binding
In programming and software design, a binding is an application programming interface (API) that provides glue code specifically made to allow a programming language to use a foreign library or operating system service (one that is not native to that language).
Seletiva de Kart Petrobras
The Seletiva de Kart Petrobras is a karting competition in Brazil. The competition is promoted by former racing driver Paulo Carcasci, and sanctioned by the Brazilian autosports federation (Confederação Brasileira de Automobilismo).

Paulo Carcasci
Paulo Carcasci (born 7 January 1964) is a Brazilian former racing driver. Carcasci won the 1985 European FF 1600 Championship , 1988 BBC FF2000 Championship,  1991 All-Japan Formula Three Championship and the Gold Cup in Formula 3000.
Founder BEA Trust
Founder BEA Trust Co., Ltd. is a Chinese trust company, formerly known as Wuhan International Trust and Investment Corporation (WITIC; Chinese: 武汉国际信托投资公司). Founder BEA Trust was a subsidiary of Founder Group for 70.01% stake, with Bank of East Asia owned 19.99%. The third largest shareholder was Wuhan Financial Holdings Group, a company owned by Wuhan Municipal People's Government, for 10% stake. However, in 2016 Wuhan Financial Holdings Group acquired 57.51% stake from Founder Group. An additional 12.5% stake sold by Founder Group to their associate company China Hi-Tech Group (SSE: 600730) was still pending the approval from China Banking Regulatory Commission, according to the third quarterly report of China Hi-Tech Group in 2016.

It was set up in the 1980s by the Chinese government to function as the largest investment bank in Central China.

China Hi-Tech Group Co., Ltd.
China Hi-Tech Group Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 中国高科集团股份有限公司; pinyin: zhōng guó gāo kē jí tuán gǔ fèn yǒu xiàn gōng sī), is a Chinese company engaged in the provision of educational technology. It was established by a number of Chinese universities and the Chinese Ministry of Education. It is closely held by the Chinese government through Founder Group.
Col de Sarenne
Col de Sarenne (1,999 m (6,558 ft)) is a mountain pass located in the Grandes Rousses massif,  approximately 9 km (6 mi) east of Alpe d'Huez in the Isère department of France. The pass connects Alpe d'Huez with the villages of Mizoën and Le Freney-d'Oisans in the Romanche valley. The road over the pass was used on Stage 18 of the 2013 Tour de France bicycle race as this loops round to enable the cyclists to climb the Alpe d'Huez twice in the same stage.

Isère
Isère (US: /iːˈzɛər/ ee-ZAIR; French: [izɛʁ] ⓘ; Arpitan: Isera; Occitan: Isèra, Occitan pronunciation: [iˈsɛɾa]) is a landlocked department in the southeastern French region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Named after the river Isère, it had a population of 1,271,166 in 2019. Its prefecture is Grenoble. It borders Rhône to the northwest, Ain to the north, Savoie to the east, Hautes-Alpes to the south, Drôme and Ardèche to the southwest and Loire to the west.
Christine Gouze-Rénal
Christine Gouze-Rénal (30 December 1914 − 25 October 2002) was a French film and television producer. A graduate in literature and art history and former Résistance member, she became in 1956 France's first female film producer with The Bride Is Much Too Beautiful, starring Brigitte Bardot.

She produced a total of about 15 movies, the most celebrated being probably Jacques Demy's Une chambre en ville (1983). From the 1970s onwards, she was also active as a television producer, with adaptations of works by Colette, Maupassant, Balzac and Buzzati. In 1985, she was awarded an honorary César for lifetime achievement.

Gouze-Rénal was the wife of actor Roger Hanin and the elder sister of Danielle Mitterrand, wife of President François Mitterrand.

Dino Buzzati
Dino Buzzati-Traverso (Italian pronunciation: [ˈdiːno butˈtsaːti]; 16 October 1906 – 28 January 1972) was an Italian novelist, short story writer, painter and poet, as well as a journalist for Corriere della Sera. His worldwide fame is mostly due to his novel The Tartar Steppe, although he is also known for his well-received collections of short stories.
Khandaker Mosharraf Hossain (born 1942)
Khandaker Mosharraf Hossain (born 25 September 1942) is a Bangladeshi politician. He is the former Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Faridpur-3 constituency. He served as a minister of the Ministry of Labour and Employment, Ministry of Expatriates' Welfare and Overseas Employment, and Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development and Co-operative.

Ministry of Expatriates Welfare and Overseas Employment
The Ministry of Expatriates’ Welfare and Overseas Employment (Bengali: প্রবাসী কল্যাণ ও বৈদেশিক কর্মসংস্থান মন্ত্রণালয়) is a ministry of the government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, responsible for overseeing matters related to overseas Bangladeshis and foreign employment.

Established on December 20, 2001, the ministry was created to ensure the welfare of expatriate workers and to expand foreign employment opportunities. It plays a significant role in addressing unemployment and facilitating remittances, which contribute to the national economy.
Régine Pernoud
Régine Pernoud (17 June 1909, Château-Chinon, Nièvre – 22 April 1998, Paris) was a French historian and archivist. Pernoud was one of the most prolific medievalists in 20th century France; more than any other single scholar of her time, her work advanced and expanded the study of Joan of Arc.

Nièvre
Nièvre (French: [njɛvʁ] ⓘ) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region, central-east France. Named after the river Nièvre, it had a population of 204,452 in 2019. Its prefecture is Nevers.

Covering an area 6,817 square kilometres (2,632 sq mi), Nièvre is landlocked between six other departments: Yonne to the north, Côte-d'Or to the east, Saône-et-Loire to the southeast, Allier to the south, Cher to the west and Loiret to the northwest.
Arzhang
The Arzhang ( Persian: ارژنگ, romanized: Aržang/Arzhang; Coptic: Eikōn; Parthian: dw bwngʾhyg [dō bunɣāhīg], meaning "Worthy"), also known as the Book of Pictures, was one of the holy books of Manichaeism. It was written and illustrated by its prophet, Mani, in Syriac, with later reproductions written in Sogdian. It was unique as a sacred text in that it contained numerous pictures designed to portray Manichaean cosmogony, which were regarded as integral to the text.

The original Arzhang illustrated by Mani has been lost and its exact content is unknown. However, it is known that its illustrations were of appreciable quality, and copies were preserved in the Middle East as late as 1092 AD, when it is recorded that the library of Ghazni held a copy. Since the discovery of Manichaean artwork during the German Turfan expeditions, scholars began piecing together the style of the Arzhang and reassessed the influence of Manichaean art in general.

Middle Persian
Middle Persian, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg  (Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪, Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫀𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫐‎, Avestan script: 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬯𐬍𐬐) in its later form, is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasanian Empire. For some time after the Sasanian collapse, Middle Persian continued to function as a prestige language. It descended from Old Persian, the language of the Achaemenid Empire and is the linguistic ancestor of Modern Persian, the official language of Iran (also known as Persia), Afghanistan (Dari) and Tajikistan (Tajik).
2015 Copa Sudamericana finals
The 2015 Copa Sudamericana finals were the two-legged final that decided the winner of the 2015 Copa Sudamericana, the 14th edition of the Copa Sudamericana, South America's secondary international club football tournament organized by CONMEBOL.

The finals were contested in two-legged home-and-away format between Argentine team Huracán and Colombian team Santa Fe. The first leg was hosted by Huracán at Estadio Tomás Adolfo Ducó in Buenos Aires on 2 December 2015, while the second leg was hosted by Santa Fe at Estadio El Campín in Bogotá on 9 December. The winner qualified for the 2016 Copa Libertadores, and earned the right to play against the 2015 Copa Libertadores winners in the 2016 Recopa Sudamericana, and against the 2015 J. League Cup winners in the 2016 Suruga Bank Championship.

As both the first leg and the second leg were tied 0–0, the champion was decided by penalty shoot-out in which Santa Fe won 3–1, winning the tournament for the first time in their history.

2016 Copa Libertadores
The 2016 Copa Libertadores de América (officially the 2016 Copa Bridgestone Libertadores for sponsorship reasons) was the 57th edition of the Copa Libertadores de América, South America's premier club football tournament organized by CONMEBOL.

In the finals, Colombian club Atlético Nacional defeated Ecuadorian club Independiente del Valle by an aggregate score of 2–1 to win their second tournament title in team history and qualify for the 2016 FIFA Club World Cup in Japan, their first appearance in the FIFA Club World Cup. They also earned the right to play against the winners of the 2016 Copa Sudamericana in the 2017 Recopa Sudamericana. They also automatically qualified for the 2017 Copa Libertadores group stage.

River Plate were the defending champions, but were eliminated by Independiente del Valle in the round of 16.
Linton, Quebec
Linton is an unorganized territory in the Capitale-Nationale region of Quebec, Canada, in the north of the Portneuf Regional County Municipality. It is named after the hamlet of Linton that is located along the Canadian National Railway and the Batiscan River (47°15′34″N 72°14′41″W﻿ / ﻿47.25944°N 72.24472°W﻿ / 47.25944; -72.24472).

It is entirely protected within the Portneuf Wildlife Reserve, Zec de la Rivière-Blanche, and Zec Batiscan-Neilson.

Capitale-Nationale
Capitale-Nationale (French pronunciation: [kapital nɑsjɔnal]; English: National Capital region) is one of the 17 administrative regions of Quebec. It is anchored by the provincial capital, Quebec City, and is largely coextensive with that city's metropolitan area. It has a land area of 18,684.78 km2. It reported a total resident population of 757,950 as of the 2021 Canadian census, with Quebec City having 77.7 percent of the total.

It was established in 1966 as one of the original administrative regions of Quebec. Prior to January 2000, it was known as the Québec administrative region.