hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Johanna Mestorf
Johanna Mestorf (17 April 1828, Bad Bramstedt, Duchy of Holstein – 20 July 1909, Kiel) was a German prehistoric archaeologist, the first female museum director in the Kingdom of Prussia and usually said to be the first female professor in Germany.

Duchy of Holstein
The Duchy of Holstein (German: Herzogtum Holstein; Danish: Hertugdømmet Holsten) was the northernmost state of the Holy Roman Empire, located in the present German state of Schleswig-Holstein. It originated when King Christian I of Denmark had his County of Holstein-Rendsburg elevated to a duchy by Emperor  Frederick III in 1474. Members of the Danish House of Oldenburg ruled Holstein – jointly with the Duchy of Schleswig – for its entire existence.

From 1490 to 1523 and again from 1544 to 1773 the Duchy was partitioned between various Oldenburg branches, most notably the dukes of Holstein-Glückstadt (identical with the Kings of Denmark) and Holstein-Gottorp. The duchy ceased to exist when the Kingdom of Prussia annexed it in 1866 after the Austro-Prussian War.
The Cupboard Under the Stairs
The Cupboard Under the Stairs is a Miles Franklin Award-winning novel by Australian author George Turner.  This novel shared the award with The Well Dressed Explorer by Thea Astley.

It is the second novel in the author's "Treelake" series.

Miles Franklin Award
The Miles Franklin Literary Award is an annual literary prize awarded to "a novel which is of the highest literary merit and presents Australian life in any of its phases". The award was set up according to the will of Miles Franklin (1879–1954), who is best known for writing the Australian classic My Brilliant Career (1901). She bequeathed her estate to fund this award. As of 2025, the award is valued at A$60,000.
Dioryctria contortella
Dioryctria contortella is a species of snout moth in the genus Dioryctria. It was described by Akira Mutuura, Eugene G. Munroe and Douglas Alexander Ross in 1969, and is known in North America from British Columbia, Alberta and Washington.

Adults have black and white forewings with a reddish-brown basal area.

The larvae bore galleries in blister rust swelling caused by Peridermium species on Pinus contorta.

Pyralidae
The Pyralidae, commonly called pyralid moths, snout moths or grass moths, are a family of Lepidoptera in the ditrysian superfamily Pyraloidea. In many (particularly older) classifications, the grass moths (Crambidae) are included in the Pyralidae as a subfamily, making the combined group one of the largest families in the Lepidoptera. The latest review by Eugene G. Munroe and Maria Alma Solis retain the Crambidae as a full family of Pyraloidea.

The wingspans for small and medium-sized species are usually between 9 and 37 mm (0.35 and 1.46 in) with variable morphological features.

It is a diverse group, with more than 6,000 species described worldwide, and more than 600 species in America north of Mexico, comprising the third largest moth family in North America. At least 42 species have been recorded from North Dakota in the subfamilies of Pyralidae.
Korda
Korda is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alberto Korda (1928–2011), Cuban photographer

Alexander Korda (1893–1956), Hungarian-born British film director and producer

Chris Korda (born 1962), American musician; son of Michael

Dezső Korda (1864–1919), Hungarian engineer, inventor of rotary capacitor

Jessica Korda (born 1993), American golfer; daughter of Petr

Michael Korda (born 1933), English-born American editor and writer

Nelly Korda (born 1998), American golfer; daughter of Petr

Paul Korda (1948-2020), English musician and actor

Petr Korda (born 1968), Czech tennis player

Sebastian Korda (born 2000), American tennis player; son of Petr

Serena Korda (born 1979), British artist

Vincent Korda (1897–1979), Hungarian-born British art director

Zoltán Korda (1895–1961), Hungarian-born film director

Dezső Korda
Dezső Korda (French: Désiré or Desider Korda) (8 January 1864 – 1 April 1919) was a mechanical engineer born in Kisbér, Hungary.
Korda finished his education in 1885 at the Budapest, in  Royal Joseph Technical University (present-day Budapest University of Technology and Economics). After that he worked as electrical engineer in France and Switzerland. During the First World War Korda was a lecturer at ETH Zurich for wireless telegraphy and high frequency machines.

He invented the variable capacitor with air dielectric, and received in Germany a patent for invention on 13 December 1893.

He was awarded the French Legion of Honour in 1907 for his scientific achievements.
CP Class 0350
The Série 0350 are a type of single carriage diesel railcar used by Portuguese Railways (CP). They were built by Allan of Rotterdam in the Netherlands in 1954-55 (as Série 0300). In 2000 they were extensively modernised and reclassified as Série 0350. The distinctive roof pod above the driver's compartment houses heat dissipators for rheostatic braking.

Many of the lines used by these units have been closed in recent years, notably the Figueira da Foz and Lousã branches. In August 2017 CP restarted a one-per-day return passenger service on the Linha do Leste between Entroncamento and Badajoz (Spain) using a 0350 railcar.

Allan also built a metre gauge version of its diesel railcars for CP, which were classified Série 9300.

Dynamic braking
Dynamic braking is the use of an electric traction motor as a generator when slowing a vehicle such as an electric or diesel–electric locomotive. It is termed "rheostatic" if the generated electrical power is dissipated as heat in brake grid resistors, and "regenerative" if the power is returned to the supply line. Dynamic braking reduces wear on friction-based braking components, and regeneration lowers net energy consumption. Dynamic braking may also be used on railcars with multiple units, light rail vehicles, electric trams, trolleybuses, and electric and hybrid electric automobiles.
Presumption of innocence
The presumption of innocence is a legal principle that every person accused of any crime is considered innocent until proven guilty. Under the presumption of innocence, the legal burden of proof is thus on the prosecution, which must present compelling evidence to the trier of fact (a judge or a jury).  If the prosecution does not prove the charges true, then the person is acquitted of the charges. The prosecution must in most cases prove that the accused is guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. If reasonable doubt remains, the accused must be acquitted.  The opposite system is a presumption of guilt.

In many countries and under many legal systems, including common law and civil law systems (not to be confused with the other kind of civil law, which deals with non-criminal legal issues), the presumption of innocence is a legal right of the accused in a criminal trial.  It is also an international human right under the UN's Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 11.

Innocence
Innocence is a lack of guilt, with respect to any kind of crime, or wrongdoing. In a legal context, innocence is prior to the sense of legal guilt and is a primal emotion connected with the sense of self. It is often confused as being the opposite of the guilt of an individual, with respect to a crime. In other contexts, it is a lack of experience.
Piecnik
Piecnik [ˈpjɛt͡snik] (German: Petznick) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mirosławiec, within Wałcz County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 15 km (9 mi) east of Mirosławiec.

Until 1948, the area was part of Germany. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Wałcz County
Wałcz County (Polish: powiat wałecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Wałcz, which lies 127 kilometres (79 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county contains three other towns: Mirosławiec, 27 km (17 mi) west of Wałcz, Człopa, 31 km (19 mi) south-west of Wałcz, and Tuczno, 25 km (16 mi) south-west of Wałcz.

The county covers an area of 1,414.79 square kilometres (546.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 54,639, out of which the population of Wałcz is 26,140, that of Mirosławiec is 2,633, that of Człopa is 2,390, that of Tuczno is 1,965, and the rural population is 21,511.
Brother (Morten Harket album)
Brother is the sixth studio album and fourth English-language album by Norwegian singer & A-Ha lead vocalist Morten Harket. It was released on 11 April 2014 through Universal Music. "There Is a Place" was released as the album's first single on 29 November 2013. On 18 January 2014, "Brother" was released as the second single. It was premiered the same day at the Norwegian award show, Spellemannprisen. The song was inspired by the Radical, the memoir of British Islamist-turned-Liberal activist Maajid Nawaz.
It was featured as the Album of the Week on the Ken Bruce Show on BBC Radio 2 from 21 to 25 April 2014. The music video for the song "Brother" was directed by long-time friend and Hollywood director Harald Zwart.

Morten Harket
Morten Harket (Norwegian pronunciation: [mʊ̂ʈːn̩ ˈhɑ̀rkət]; born 14 September 1959) is a Norwegian singer who is the lead vocalist of the synth-pop band A-ha.

A-ha has released 11 studio albums as of 2024, and topped the charts internationally with their hit "Take On Me" in 1985. Harket has also released six solo albums. Before joining A-ha in 1982, Harket appeared on the Oslo club scene as the singer for blues outfit Souldier Blue.

Harket was named a Knight First Class of the Order of St. Olav by King Harald for his services to Norwegian music and his international success.
Jim Ottaviani
Jim Ottaviani is an American writer who is the author of several comic books about the history of science. His best-known work, Two-Fisted Science: Stories About Scientists, features biographical stories about Galileo Galilei, Isaac Newton, Niels Bohr, and several stories about physicist Richard Feynman. He is also a librarian and has worked as a nuclear engineer.

Nuclear engineering
Nuclear engineering is the engineering discipline concerned with designing and applying systems that utilize the energy released by nuclear processes.
The most prominent application of nuclear engineering is the generation of electricity. Worldwide, some 439 nuclear reactors in 31 countries generate 10 percent of the world's energy through nuclear fission. In the future, it is expected that nuclear fusion will add another nuclear means of generating energy. Both reactions make use of the nuclear binding energy released when atomic nucleons are either separated (fission) or brought together (fusion). The energy available is given by the binding energy curve, and the amount generated is much greater than that generated through chemical reactions. Fission of 1 gram of uranium yields as much energy as burning 3 tons of coal or 600 gallons of fuel oil, without adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.
Vermeg
VERMEG is an international software group operating across several lines of B2B services: pensions & insurance, wealth & asset management, financial & security markets and Digital Financial Services. The company develops software used across the private banking sector, consumer finance, asset management companies, central banks, insurance and other financial services providers covering insurance policy administration, asset portfolio management, regulatory reporting, collateral management, post-trade processing, low code application development, business process management and risk management.

The company was formed in 1993 by Badreddine Ouali and has headquarters in Amsterdam.

Business-to-business
Business-to-business (B2B or, in some countries, BtoB or B4B) refers to trade and commercial activity where a business sees other businesses as its customer base. This typically occurs when:

A business sources materials for its production process for output (e.g., a food manufacturer purchasing salt), i.e. providing raw material to the other company that will produce output.

A business needs the services of another for operational reasons (e.g., a food manufacturer employing an accountancy firm to audit their finances).

A business re-sells goods and services produced by others (e.g., a retailer buying the end product from the food manufacturer).

Business-to-business activity is thought to allow business segmentation.

B2B is often contrasted with business-to-consumer (B2C) trade, the latter of which typically sells directly to the general public and consumers, rather than other businesses and organisations.
Port Kembla North railway station
Port Kembla North railway station is a single-platform intercity train station located in Port Kembla, Australia, on the South Coast railway line's Port Kembla branch. The station serves Sydney Trains traveling south to Port Kembla Station and north to Wollongong and Sydney. The station was one of 23 on the metropolitan rail network to record an average of fewer than one passenger per day in 2014.

Sydney Trains
Sydney Trains is the brand name and operator of suburban and intercity train services in and around Greater Sydney in New South Wales, Australia.

The metropolitan part of the network is a hybrid urban-suburban rail system with a central underground core. It covers 369 km (229 mi) of route length over 919 km (571 mi) of track, with 169 stations on nine lines.

The network has frequencies of 5–10 minutes at peak-time at most inner-city and major stations, and 15 minutes off-peak at most minor stations. During the weekday peak, train services are more frequent. Nearly the entire fleet consists of bilevel electric multiple unit trains.

The network is managed by Transport for NSW and is part of its Opal ticketing system. In 2024–25, 270 million passenger journeys were made on the suburban network, making it the most-used rail network in Australia.
Stabilization hypothesis
In mathematics, specifically in category theory and algebraic topology, the Baez–Dolan stabilization hypothesis, proposed in (Baez & Dolan 1995), states that suspension of a weak n-category has no more essential effect after n + 2 times. Precisely, it states that the suspension functor  is an equivalence for .

Suspension (topology)
In topology, a branch of mathematics, the suspension of a topological space X is intuitively obtained by stretching X into a cylinder and then collapsing both end faces to points. One views X as "suspended" between these end points. The suspension of X is denoted by SX or susp(X).: 76

There is a variant of the suspension for a pointed space, which is called the reduced suspension and denoted by ΣX. The "usual" suspension SX is sometimes called the unreduced suspension, unbased suspension, or free suspension of X, to distinguish it from ΣX.
Choline oxidase
In enzymology, choline oxidase (EC 1.1.3.17) is an enzyme that catalyzes two consecutive chemical reactions

The two substrates of this enzyme are choline and oxygen. The first reaction gives betaine aldehyde and hydrogen peroxide. The aldehyde intermediate is then further oxidised to trimethylglycine.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with oxygen as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is choline:oxygen 1-oxidoreductase. This enzyme participates in glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism.  It employs one cofactor, FAD.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
Crazy for This Girl
"Crazy for This Girl" is a song by American pop rock duo Evan and Jaron, released on July 24, 2000, as their debut single. It is from their self-titled debut album. The song peaked at number 15 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart and number four on the Billboard Adult Top 40. It also became a hit in Canada, Italy and New Zealand, reaching number nine on the Italian Singles Chart, number 35 on the New Zealand Singles Chart, and number 45 on the Canadian RPM 100 Hit Tracks chart. The song was included on the second volume on the soundtrack of The WB's television drama Dawson's Creek.

Adult Pop Airplay
The Adult Pop Airplay (formerly known as Adult Pop Songs and Adult Top 40) chart is published weekly by Billboard magazine and ranks "the most popular adult top 40 as based on radio airplay detections measured by Nielsen Broadcast Data Systems."

It is a format in which the genre is geared more towards an adult audience who are not into hard rock, hip hop, or soft adult contemporary fare. The main genres within this format are a mix of soft and energetic adult contemporary music alongside adult alternative rock and adult-oriented pop music. It is not to be confused with the Adult Contemporary chart which contains more ballad-driven songs played on the radio. The current number-one song on the chart is "Opalite" by Taylor Swift.
Susanne Gunnarsson
Susanne Gunnarsson (née Wiberg; born 8 September 1963 in Katrineholm) is a Swedish sprint canoer and marathon canoeist who competed from the early 1980s to the late 1990s. Competing in four Summer Olympics, she won three medals with one gold (1996: K-2 500 m) and two silvers (1984: K-4 500 m, 1992: K-2 500 m).

Gunnarsson also won nine medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold (K-1 5000 m: 1993), three silvers (K-2 200 m: 1995, K-2 500 m: 1981, K-4 200 m: 1998), and five bronzes (K-1 500 m: 1995, K-2 500 m: 1983, 1995; K-2 1000 m: 1998, K-4 500 m: 1981).

She was awarded the Svenska Dagbladet Gold Medal in 1996, jointly with Agneta Andersson.

1981 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1981 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Nottingham, Great Britain.

The men's competition consisted of six Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak.

This was the sixteenth championships in canoe sprint.
HMS Thetis (1817)
HMS Thetis was a 46-gun Leda-class fifth-rate frigate built for the Royal Navy during the 1810s. She was first commissioned in 1823 and was assigned to the South America Station three years later. The ship was wrecked in 1830 off Cape Frio, Brazil, with the loss of 22 crewmen; most of her cargo of bullion was successfully salvaged.

South America Station
The South America Station was a formation of the Royal Navy which existed from 1808 to 1838 when it was split into the Pacific Station and the South East Coast of America Station.

Following the invasion of Portugal by Napoleon, the Portuguese court escaped to Brazil with an escort
of the Royal Navy under the command of Admiral Sidney Smith. Following the establishment of the Portuguese Court in Rio de Janeiro in early 1808, was shortly followed by the reinforcement of Smith's escort and the establishment of the Brazil or South America Station.

The commander-in-chief heading the formation played a diplomatic role in South America in the early nineteenth century as the British diplomatic service was limited to having a representative in Brazil.
Fabry
Fabry or Fábry is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Branislav Fábry (born 1985), Slovak ice hockey player

Charles Fabry, French physicist, co-inventor of the Fabry-Pérot etalon

Emile Fabry (1865–1966), Belgian artist and painter

Eugène Fabry (1856-1944), French mathematician who studied the singularities of analytic functions

Jean Fabry (1876-1968), French politician

Johannes Fabry, German dermatologist who provided the first description of Fabry disease

Joseph Fabry, author and editor of logotherapy

Pál Fábry, Hungarian politician and journalist

Sándor Fábry, Hungarian showman

Fictional characters:

Fabry, Chief Engineer at Rossum's Universal Robots in the play R.U.R.

R.U.R.
R.U.R. is a 1920 science fiction play by the Czech writer Karel Čapek.  "R.U.R." stands for Rossumovi Univerzální Roboti (Rossum's Universal Robots, a phrase that has been used as a subtitle in English versions).

The play had its world premiere on 2 January 1921 in Hradec Králové. It introduced the word "robot" to the English language and to science fiction as a whole. R.U.R. became influential soon after its publication.

By 1923, it had been translated into thirty languages. R.U.R. was successful in its time in Europe and North America. Čapek later took a different approach to the same theme in his 1936 novel War with the Newts, in which non-humans become a servant-class in human society.
1966 Giro d'Italia
The 1966 Giro d'Italia was the 49th running of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tour races. The Giro started in Monaco's Monte Carlo, on 18 May, with a 149 km (92.6 mi) stage and concluded in Trieste, on 8 June, with a 172 km (106.9 mi) leg. A total of 100 riders from 13 teams entered the 22-stage race, which was won by Italian Gianni Motta of the Molteni team. The second and third places were taken by Italian Italo Zilioli and Frenchman Jacques Anquetil, respectively.

The points classification was introduced in this edition.

Gianni Motta
Gianni Motta (born 13 March 1943) is an Italian former bicycle racer who won the 1966 Giro d'Italia.

Gianni Motta was born at Cassano d'Adda (Lombardy). His main victories include the Giro d'Italia (1966), a Giro di Lombardia (1964), a Tour de Suisse (1967) and two Tour de Romandie (1966, 1971).

Like many before him, he turned to manufacturing and sales of bicycles after his racing career. In 1984, to promote his bike brand in the USA, he sponsored Gianni Motta–Linea M.D. Italia team that became the first American registered team to compete in Giro d'Italia.
Rubus lambertianus
Rubus lambertianus is a flowering plant species in the genus Rubus found in Southern China (including Hainan), Taiwan, Japan, and Thailand. Its ploidy is 2n = 4X (tetraploid). The ellagitannins lambertianin A, B, C and D can be found in R. lambertianus.

Northern and southern China
Northern China (Chinese: 中国北方 or 中国北部; lit. 'China's North') and southern China (Chinese: 中国南方 or 中国南部; lit. 'China's South') are two approximate regions that display certain differences in terms of their geography, demographics, economy, and culture.
SW2
SW2 can refer to:

Samurai Warriors 2

Sony SmartWatch

Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones

Shadow Warrior 2

SW2, postcode for Brixton, London, UK, see SW postcode area

SW2 tram, a class of electric trams modified from the W2 tram by the Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board.

Farmway LRT station, Singapore

Samurai Warriors 2
Samurai Warriors 2 (戦国無双2, Sengoku Musō 2; in Japan) is a sequel to the original Samurai Warriors, created by Koei and Omega Force. The game was released in 2006 for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox 360, and ported to Microsoft Windows in 2008. Like the Dynasty Warriors series, an Empires expansion was released as well, and an Xtreme Legends expansion followed on in August 2007, in Japan. The game, alongside its two expansions, Xtreme Legends and Empires also receive a HD-enhanced port for PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Vita under the name Sengoku Musō 2 with Mōshōden & Empires: HD Version.

Samurai Warriors 3, the third game in the series, was released in December 2009 for the Wii.