hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Manfred Schüssler
Manfred Schüssler is a German solar physicist at the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research.  In 2017, he was awarded the George Ellery Hale Prize and the Senior Prize of the Solar Physics Division of the European Physical Society for his contributions to the study of the solar dynamo.

Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
The Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (abbreviation: MPS; German: Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung) is a research institute in astronomy and astrophysics located in Göttingen, Germany, where it relocated in February 2014 from the nearby village of Lindau. The exploration of the Solar System is the central theme for research done at this institute.

MPS is a part of the Max Planck Society, which operates 80 research facilities in Germany.
Grassroots Shakespeare London
Grassroots Shakespeare London is a British theatre company based in London, UK. The company specialises in producing accessible works of William Shakespeare inspired by using Elizabethan original theatre practices.

Much Ado About Nothing
Much Ado About Nothing is a comedy by William Shakespeare thought to have been written in 1598 and 1599. The play was included in the First Folio, published in 1623.

The play is set in Messina and revolves around two romantic pairings that emerge when a group of soldiers arrive in the town. The first, between Claudio and Hero, is nearly scuppered by the accusations of the villain, Don John. The second, between Claudio's friend Benedick and Hero's cousin Beatrice, takes centre stage as the play continues, with both characters' wit and banter providing much of the humour.

Through "noting" (sounding like "nothing" and meaning gossip, rumour, overhearing), Benedick and Beatrice are tricked into confessing their love for each other, and Claudio is tricked into believing that Hero is not a maiden (virgin). The title's play on words references the secrets and trickery that form the backbone of the play's comedy, intrigue, and action.
Shauna Cooper
Shauna Michelle Cooper is an American psychologist at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Her research considers how race, culture and context influence the development of African-American young people. She is co-Editor in Chief of Child Development, the flagship journal of the Society for Research in Child Development (SRCD).

Child Development (journal)
Child Development is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal covering developmental psychology from the fetal period to adolescence. It was established in 1930 and the editor-in-chief is Glenn Roisman. It is published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Society for Research in Child Development. The journal publishes original contributions on topics in child development from the fetal period through adolescence.
Gould Spur
Gould Spur is a spur, 3 nautical miles (6 km) long, that extends from Navigator Peak to the south side of Splettstoesser Glacier, in the Heritage Range of the Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (2004) after Patricia Gould, a geologist on a U.S. Antarctic Research Program 1979–80 Ellsworth Mountains expedition.

Navigator Peak
Navigator Peak (79°23′S 85°48′W﻿ / ﻿79.383°S 85.800°W﻿ / -79.383; -85.800) is a sharp and prominent peak, 1,910 m, standing 4 nautical miles (7 km) east of Zavis Peak in the north part of the White Escarpment, Heritage Range, in Antarctica. It was named by the University of Minnesota Geological Party to these mountains in 1963–64 because the peak served as a landmark to navigators and pilots returning to camp from flights in the southern part of the Heritage Range.
Bids for the 1992 Winter Olympics
The selection process for the 1992 Winter Olympics consisted of seven bids, and saw Albertville, France, selected. The bid also included the surrounding area of Savoie. Other bids were made by Sofia, Bulgaria; Falun, Sweden; Lillehammer, Norway; Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy; Anchorage, Alaska, United States; and Berchtesgaden, West Germany. The selection was made at the 91st IOC Session in Lausanne, Switzerland, on 16 October 1986.

Savoie
Savoie (French pronunciation: [savwa]; Arpitan: Savouè or Savouè-d'Avâl, lit. 'Lower Savoy'; Italian: Savoia; Occitan: Savòia; English: Savoy, /səˈvɔɪ/) is a department in the region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Southeastern France. Located in the French Alps, its prefecture is Chambéry. In 2019, Savoie had a population of 436,434.

Together with Haute-Savoie, it is one of the two departments of the historical region of Savoy; the Duchy of Savoy was annexed by France in 1860, following the signing of the Treaty of Turin. The area is known for its numerous ski resorts and contribution to French cuisine, with culinary specialities such as fondue savoyarde, tartiflette, génépi, as well as various sorts of saucisson.
Elbe-Elster
Elbe-Elster is a Kreis (district) in the southern part of Brandenburg, Germany. Neighboring districts are Teltow-Fläming, Dahme-Spreewald, Oberspreewald-Lausitz, Meißen,
Nordsachsen and Wittenberg. The district has a partnership with the Märkischer Kreis.

Meissen (district)
Meissen (German: Meißen) is a district (Kreis) in Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the state of Brandenburg, the district of Bautzen, the urban district Dresden, the districts Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge, Mittelsachsen and Nordsachsen.
Java spaghetti eel
The Java spaghetti eel, also known as the Java thrush-eel, Java worm eel, and the black-tailed thrush eel  (Moringua javanica) is an eel in the family Moringuidae (spaghetti/worm eels). It was described by Johann Jakob Kaup in 1856, originally under the genus Aphthalmichthys. It is a tropical, marine eel which is known from the Indo-Pacific, including East Africa, the Tuamoto Islands, the Ryukyu Islands, and Micronesia. It is a burrowing species which inhabits reefs at a depth range of 2–15 m. Males can reach a maximum total length of 120 cm.

Tuamotus
The Tuamotu Archipelago or the Tuamotu Islands (French: Îles Tuamotu, officially Archipel des Tuamotu) are a French Polynesian chain of just under 80 islands and atolls in the southern Pacific Ocean. They constitute the largest chain of atolls in the world, extending (from northwest to southeast) over an area roughly the size of Western Europe. Their combined land area is 850 square kilometres (328 square miles). This archipelago's major islands are Rangiroa, Anaa, Fakarava, Hao and Makemo.

The Tuamotus have approximately 16,000 inhabitants. The islands were initially settled by Polynesians, and modern Tuamotuans have inherited from them a shared culture and the Tuamotuan language.

The Tuamotus are a French overseas collectivity.

NOTE: The Marshall Islands, a group of tolls, encompassing 1.2 sq kilometers.
Praha-Rajská zahrada railway station
Praha–Rajská zahrada is a railway halt (Czech: zastávka) located in Kyje in Prague 14. It lies on the railway line from Prague to Nymburk, near the metro station of the same name, and was opened on 10 December 2023. It is served by fast trains from Prague to Nymburk and Neratovice as well as local services integrated into the Esko Prague system. It is connected to Prague metro (a footbridge was opened in 2024), and to local and city buses.

The name Rajská zahrada ("Paradise Garden") is derived from an orchard that was located nearby behind a railway siding, now forming a row of allotments on Borská Street.

The station was built as a part of a reconstruction of a railway between Praha-Vysočany and Mstětice.

Prague Metro
The Prague Metro (Czech: Pražské metro) is the rapid transit network of Prague, Czech Republic. Founded in 1974, the system consists of three lines (A, B and C) serving 61 stations (predominantly with island platforms), and is 65.2 kilometres (40.5 mi) long. The system served 568 million passengers in 2021 (about 1.55 million daily). The metro is part of Prague Integrated Transport system (Pražská integrovaná doprava, PID) and is operated by the Prague Public Transit Company (Dopravní podnik hlavního města Prahy, DPP).

Two types of rolling stock are used on the Metro: the 81-71M (a completely modernized variant of the original 81-717/714.1), and the Metro M1. All the lines are controlled automatically from the central dispatching, near I.P. Pavlova station.
Henry Brougham (landowner)
Henry Brougham, FRSE (18 June 1742 – 13 February 1810) was an English landowner and lawyer who owned extensive estates in Westmorland. A members of the Faculty of Advocates, in 1802 he relaunched the Edinburgh Review with the help of his son Henry.

Faculty of Advocates
The Faculty of Advocates (Scottish Gaelic: Dàmh an Luchd-tagraidh) is an independent body of lawyers who have been admitted to practise as advocates before the courts of Scotland, especially the Court of Session and the High Court of Justiciary. The Faculty of Advocates is a constituent part of the College of Justice and is based in Edinburgh.

Advocates are privileged to plead in any cause before any of the courts of Scotland, including the sheriff courts and district courts, where counsel are not excluded by statute.
Bye and Bye We're Going to See the King
"Bye and Bye We're (or, I'm) Going to See the King" is a Christian song from the African-American musical tradition. It is known by a variety of titles, including "I Wouldn't Mind Dying (If Dying Was All)" and "A Mother's Last Word to Her Daughter". It was recorded seven times before 1930, using the preceding titles.

It has been most often recorded in gospel or gospel blues style, but also in other styles such as country.

Gospel blues
Gospel blues (or holy blues) is a form of blues-based gospel music that has been around since the inception of blues music. It combines evangelistic lyrics with blues instrumentation, often blues guitar accompaniment.

According to musician and historian Stefan Grossman, "holy blues" was coined to originally describe Reverend Gary Davis's style of traditional blues playing with lyrics conveying a religious message. Davis and Blind Willie Johnson are considered the genre's two dominant performers, according to Dick Weissman. Other notable gospel-blues performers include Sister Rosetta Tharpe and Washington Phillips.

Blues musicians who became devout, or even practicing clergy, include Reverend Robert Wilkins and Ishman Bracey. Bluesmen such as Blind Willie Johnson, Blind Lemon Jefferson, Charley Patton, Son House, Bukka White, and Skip James also recorded gospel blues or religious songs. Blind Lemon Jefferson and Charley Patton released gospel songs under a pseudonym.
Fresh FM (Netherlands)
Fresh FM is a Dutch regional, commercial radio station transmitted through air in the regions of Greater Amsterdam, Utrecht, Haaglanden and Rhine/Haarlemmermeer. It broadcasts for free via the Internet. Fresh FM's programming is primarily dance music and is very diverse within that genre. The station's target audience is 17- to 49-year-olds and it is one of the most listened to regional radio stations. It is based in The Hague. Fresh FM has existed for several years and got a lot during the Zerobase in 2003 with the broadcasting territories of North Holland (Amsterdam, Haarlem and Haarlemmermeer), South Holland (The Hague, Leiden and Alphen) and the city Utrecht. Fresh FM's slogans are "Feel good!" and "It's all about the music".

South Holland
South Holland (Dutch: Zuid-Holland [ˌzœyt ˈɦɔlɑnt] ⓘ) is a province of the Netherlands with a population of over 3.8 million as of January 2023 and a population density of about 1,410/km2 (3,700/sq mi), making it the country's most populous province and one of the world's most densely populated areas. Situated on the North Sea in the west of the Netherlands, South Holland covers an area of 3,308 km2 (1,277 sq mi), of which 609 km2 (235 sq mi) is water. It borders North Holland to the north, Utrecht and Gelderland to the east, and North Brabant and Zeeland to the south. The provincial capital is the Dutch seat of government The Hague, while its largest city is Rotterdam. The Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt delta drains through South Holland into the North Sea. Europe's busiest seaport, the Port of Rotterdam, is located in South Holland.
General Directorate for Defense Intelligence
Direcția Generală de Informații a Apărării (General Directorate for Defense Intelligence, DGIA) is Romanian Armed Forces's military intelligence agency, underneath the Ministry of National Defense.

DGIA is organized into two directorates and a Military Intelligence Brigade:

Direcția Informații Militare (Directorate of Military Intelligence - foreign intelligence)

Direcția Contrainformații și Securitate Militară (Directorate of Counterintelligence and Military Security - counter-intelligence)

Detașamentul Special de Protecție și Intervenție (DSPI)

51st Radioelectronic Center

NATO HUMINT Centre Of Excellence (HCOE)

Defense Intelligence Domain Training Center "General Nicolae Condeescu"

Military Intelligence Brigade „Alexandru Averescu” with three battalions:
HUMINT Battalion
SIGINT Battalion
IMINT Battalion

Imagery intelligence
Imagery intelligence (IMINT), pronounced as either as Im-Int or I-Mint, is an intelligence gathering discipline wherein imagery is analyzed (or "exploited") to identify information of intelligence value. Imagery used for defense intelligence purposes is generally collected via satellite imagery or aerial photography.

As an intelligence gathering discipline, IMINT production depends heavily upon a robust intelligence collection management system. IMINT is complemented by non-imaging MASINT electro-optical and radar sensors.
Fogd
A fogd (Norwegian: fogd, or fut; Danish: foged; Swedish: fogde; Finnish: vouti) is a historical Scandinavian administrative function, and official title. They were bailiffs in charge of the administration and collection of taxes on behalf of the government, either in rural bailiwicks or in towns.

Bailiff
A bailiff is a manager, overseer or custodian – a legal officer to whom some degree of authority or jurisdiction is given. There are different kinds, and their offices and scope of duties vary.

Another official sometimes referred to as a bailiff was the Vogt. In the Holy Roman Empire a similar function was performed by the Amtmann. They are mostly known for being the officer that keeps the order in a court of law and who also administers oaths to people who participate in court proceedings.
Oklahoma's 8th congressional district
Oklahoma's 8th congressional district is an obsolete district from Oklahoma.  It was added in 1915, and was eliminated in 1953. In its final configuration, it covered much of north-central Oklahoma, including Enid. Most of its territory was merged with the Tulsa-based Oklahoma's 1st congressional district. The last congressman from the 8th District, Page Belcher, transferred to the 1st.

Enid, Oklahoma
Enid (/ˈiːnɪd/ EE-nid) is the ninth-largest city in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. It is the county seat of Garfield County. In the 2020 census, the population was 51,308. Enid was founded during the opening of the Cherokee Outlet in the Land Run of 1893, and is named after Enid, a character in Alfred, Lord Tennyson's Idylls of the King. In 1991, the Oklahoma state legislature designated Enid the "purple martin capital of Oklahoma." Enid holds the nickname of "Queen Wheat City" and "Wheat Capital" of Oklahoma and the United States for its immense grain storage capacity, and has the third-largest grain storage capacity in the world.
Athens Township, Michigan
Athens Township is a civil township of southwest Calhoun County in the U.S. state of Michigan, about 15 miles (24 km) south of Battle Creek. It is part of the Battle Creek, Michigan Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, the township population was 2,444. The Nottawaseppi Huron Band of Potawatomi is based in Athens Township.

Battle Creek, Michigan
Battle Creek is a city in northwestern Calhoun County, Michigan, United States, at the confluence of the Kalamazoo and Battle Creek rivers. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 52,731. It is the principal city of the Battle Creek metropolitan statistical area, which encompasses all of Calhoun County. Nicknamed "Cereal City", it is best known as the home of WK Kellogg Co and the founding city of Post Consumer Brands. In Battle Creek, the Kellogg brothers invented the first cereal by accident in an attempt to make granola.
September 2017 Democratic Party (Japan, 2016) leadership election
The September 2017 Democratic Party leadership election was held on 1 September 2017 to replace outgoing president Renhō, who resigned in July after the party's failure in the 2017 Tokyo prefectural election.

Seiji Maehara, the runner up in the 2016 contest, defeated Yukio Edano by a wide margin. Maehara's success was a victory for the conservative wing of the party, but also precipitated an internal crisis that resulted in a split in the party only a month later.

Yosei Ide
Yosei Ide (井出庸生, Ide Yosei; born 21 November 1977) is a Japanese politician serving as a member of the House of Representatives since 2012. He is the nephew of Shoichi Ide and the grandson of Ichitaro Ide.
De Tomaso Guarà
The De Tomaso Guarà is a sports car and the last project the founder and owner Alejandro de Tomaso put into the market. Presented at the 1993 Geneva Motor Show, the Guarà was initially available in coupé body-style. Later a roadster and an open-top barchetta bodystyle became available. The latter corresponds to the coupé but without roof and proper windscreen; a small air deflector protects the passenger and the driver from the passing wind and the car had to be driven while wearing a helmet.

Barchetta
Barchetta (Italian pronunciation: [barˈketta]) is an Italian word commonly translated into English as "little boat". The term originally referred to a small skiff used for recreational purposes. It is also applied to some items of clothing, as well as being used in automobile styling, where it describes a class of open-top, two-seat sports cars.
The Stand (comics)
The Stand, published from 2008 to 2012, is a series of comic books by Marvel Comics based on Stephen King's 1978 novel of the same name. Based on the 1990 Complete & Uncut version of the novel, the comic adaptation was written by Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa with art by Mike Perkins and Laura Martin. Its thirty-one issues, divided into six story arcs, completed the telling of the unabridged novel. Stephen King served as Creative and Executive Director of the project.

On March 11, 2009, Marvel began publishing collections for each story arc, and on September 19, 2012, it published a hardcover omnibus edition collecting the adaptation in its entirety, with bonus materials not contained in the original releases.

Laura Martin
Laura DePuy (credited later in her career as Laura Martin, having married Randy Martin in 2001) is a colorist who has produced work for several of the major comics companies, including DC Comics, Marvel Comics and CrossGen.
Plasma acceleration
Plasma acceleration is a technique for accelerating charged particles, such as electrons or ions, using the electric field associated with an electron plasma wave or other high-gradient plasma structures. These structures are created using either ultra-short laser pulses or energetic particle beams that are matched to the plasma parameters. The technique offers a way to build affordable and compact particle accelerators.

Fully developed, the technology could replace many of the traditional accelerators with applications ranging from high energy physics to medical and industrial applications. Medical applications include betatron and free-electron light sources for diagnostics or radiation therapy and proton sources for hadron therapy.

Plasma oscillation
Plasma oscillations, also known as Langmuir waves (eponymously after Irving Langmuir), are rapid oscillations of the electron density in conductive media, most notably plasmas as well as metals, at frequencies typically corresponding to the ultraviolet band of the electromagnetic spectrum. The oscillations can be described as an instability in the dielectric function of a free electron gas. The frequency depends only weakly on the wavelength of the oscillation. The quasiparticle resulting from the quantization of these oscillations is the plasmon.

Langmuir waves were discovered by American physicists Irving Langmuir and Lewi Tonks in the 1920s. They are parallel in form to Jeans instability waves, which are caused by gravitational instabilities in a static medium.
Swift River Reservation
The Swift River Reservation is a 439-acre (178 ha) open space preserve located in Petersham, Massachusetts, United States. The property, named after the East Branch of the Swift River (a tributary of the Ware River), is managed by the land conservation non-profit organization The Trustees of Reservations and offers 7 miles (11 km) of trails available for hiking, horseback riding, mountain biking, and cross country skiing. Ledges, river corridor, woodlands, scenic vistas, and wetlands characterize the preserve.

The property is divided into three contiguous parcels, the Slab City Tract, Davis Tract, and Nichewaug Tract. Trailheads are located off Massachusetts Route 32/122, Glen Valley Road, and Nichewaug Road in Petersham. A network of trails runs between the Davis and Nichewaug tracts; the Slab City tract is not connected to the other two parcels via trail. The East Branch of the Swift River passes through the Slab City and Nichewaug tracts.

Massachusetts Route 32
Massachusetts Route 32 is a state highway in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. The highway runs 60.66 miles (97.62 km) from the Connecticut state line north to the New Hampshire state line, where it continues as NH 32. Route 32 connects several towns on the eastern edge of Western Massachusetts. The highway serves Palmer in eastern Hampden County, Ware in eastern Hampshire County, and Barre and Athol in northwestern Worcester County. Route 32 intersects major east–west routes including U.S. Route 20 (US 20) and the Massachusetts Turnpike in Palmer (at I-90's exit 63, formerly exit 8), Route 9 in Ware, and US 202 and Route 2 in Athol. The highway has an alternate route, Route 32A, through Hardwick and Petersham.
SAO Western Slavonia
The Serbian Autonomous Oblast of Western Slavonia (Serbo-Croatian: Srpska autonomna oblast Zapadna Slavonija, Српска аутономна област Западна Славонија) was a Serbian self-proclaimed Serb Autonomous Region (oblast) within Croatia. It was formed on 12 August 1991 and was subsequently included into the Republic of Serbian Krajina. It was eliminated and reintegrated into Croatia in May 1995, during Operation Flash.

Pakrac
Pakrac is a town in western Slavonia, Croatia, population 4,151, total municipality population 7,086 (census 2021). Pakrac is located on the road and railroad connecting the regions of Posavina and Podravina.
Shearwater, The Mullumbimby Steiner School
Shearwater, the Mullumbimby Steiner School, also known as Shearwater Steiner School, is an independent co-ed school, in the hinterland of Byron Bay, that provides human-centred education based on Steiner/Waldorf principles and contemporary practises. The School caters for primary and secondary education, Kindergarten through to Year 12, and includes a Preschool and Playgroups for under-sevens. The school is built on Bundjalung Land. It is named after the Shearwater bird.

Shearwater
Shearwaters are medium-sized long-winged seabirds in the petrel family Procellariidae. They have a global marine distribution, but are most common in temperate and cold waters, and are pelagic outside the breeding season.
Harmony, Texas
Harmony is an unincorporated community in Henderson County, located in the U.S. state of Texas. It is referenced in the novel RoseBlood by A.G. Howard, as well as by Jodi Thomas in her bestselling novels.

Jodi Thomas
Jodi Thomas (born Amarillo, Texas) is the pen name of Jodi Koumalats, an American author of historical romance novels, most of which are set in Texas. In 2006, she was inducted into the Romance Writers of America Hall of Fame.