hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
José Richa
José Richa (11 September 1934 – 17 December 2003) was a Brazilian politician who served as a senator of the state of Paraná from 1987 to 1995, earlier having served as governor from 1983 to 1986. Prior to serving these positions, he was the mayor of Londrina from 1973 to 1977, and a federal deputy from the state from 1962 to 1970. After being one of the founding members of the Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB), he later became one of the founding members of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB) and was a member of the party until his death in 2003. His son, Beto Richa, later became the governor of Paraná after having been mayor of the capital Curitiba.

Londrina
Londrina (Portuguese pronunciation: [lõˈdɾĩnɐ], literally "from London") is a city located in the north of the state of Paraná, South Region, Brazil, and is 388 km (241 miles) away from the state capital, Curitiba. It is the second largest city in the state and fourth largest in the southern region of the country, with 555,965 inhabitants in the whole municipality (2022).

Londrina was originally explored by British settlers, and then officially established in 1930 by a small group of Italian, Japanese and German settlers. It rapidly became the commercial, political, and cultural centre of the state's northern pioneer zone. Its universities include the Universidade Estadual de Londrina (Londrina State University) and the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (Federal University of Technology – Paraná).
Robert Hailey
Robert John Hailey (born 25 July 1951) is a former English cricketer. Hailey was a right-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born in Gosforth, Northumberland.

Hailey made his debut for Hertfordshire in the 1978 Minor Counties Championship against Norfolk. Hailey played Minor counties cricket for Hertfordshire from 1978 to 1988, which included 67 Minor Counties Championship matches and 12 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. He made his List A debut for the Minor Counties cricket team against Derbyshire in the 1982 Benson & Hedges Cup, in what was his only appearance for the team. His debut in List A cricket for Hertfordshire came against Hampshire in the 1983 NatWest Trophy. He made 5 further List A appearances for the county, the last coming against Middlesex in the 1988 NatWest Trophy. In his 6 List A matches for the county, he took 6 wickets at an average of 35.33, with best figures of 4/32.

1983 NatWest Trophy
The 1983 NatWest Trophy was an English limited overs county cricket tournament which was held between 29 June and 3 September 1983. The 
third NatWest Trophy competition, it was won by Somerset who defeated Kent by 24 runs in the final at Lord's.
Oglodak Island
Oglodak Island (Russian: Оглодак остров) is an island in the U.S. State of Alaska. It is located in the Aleutians West Census Area, which encompasses most of the Aleutian Island chain. The island is currently uninhabited and has an area of roughly 1.5 square miles (3.9 km2). The island is 1.19 miles (1.92 km) long and 2.3 miles (3.7 km) wide. It is approximately 4.5 miles (7.2 km) southwest of Cape Kigun.

Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska
Aleutians West Census Area (Russian: Западные Алеутские острова) is a census area located in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,232, down from 5,561 in 2010.

It is part of the Unorganized Borough and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest city is Unalaska, home to about 80% of the population. It contains most of the Aleutian Islands, from Attu Island in the west to Unalaska Island in the east, as well as the Pribilof Islands, which lie north of the Aleutians in the Bering Sea.
Foss River
The Foss  River is a stream in the U.S. state of Washington. It has two main forks, the East Fork Foss River and the West Fork Foss River. The main stem is formed by the confluence of the two forks. The river and its forks rise near in the Alpine Lakes Wilderness area of Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest in the Cascade Mountains and flows generally north, joining the Tye River to form the South Fork Skykomish River. The Foss River's waters eventually empty into Puget Sound near Everett via the Skykomish River and Snohomish River.

Alpine Lakes Wilderness
The Alpine Lakes Wilderness is a large wilderness area spanning the Central Cascades of Washington state in the United States. The wilderness is located in parts of Wenatchee National Forest and Snoqualmie National Forest, and is approximately bounded by Interstate 90 and Snoqualmie Pass to the south and U.S. Route 2 and Stevens Pass to the north. The Alpine Lakes is the largest wilderness area near the population centers of Puget Sound, counted at 414,161 acres (167,605 ha) following the 2014 expansion.
Robert Reid (American painter)
Robert Lewis Reid (July 29, 1862 – December 2, 1929) was an American Impressionist painter and muralist. His work tended to be very decorative, much of it centered on depiction of young women set among flowers. He later became known for his murals and designs in stained glass.

American Impressionism
American Impressionism was a style of painting related to European Impressionism and practiced by American artists in the United States from the mid-nineteenth century through the beginning of the twentieth. The style is characterized by loose brushwork and vivid colors with a wide array of subject matters but focusing on landscapes and upper-class domestic life.
Calumet Creek
Calumet Creek is a stream in Pike County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of the Mississippi River. The stream headwaters arise at 39°16′40″N 91°03′01″W﻿ / ﻿39.27778°N 91.05028°W﻿ / 39.27778; -91.05028 at an elevation of about 830 feet. The source area is about one mile east of the community of Edgewood and U.S. Route 61 and the stream flows to the northeast passing south of the community of Calumet. The stream continues to the northeast and enters the Mississippi about one mile northwest of Clarksville. The confluence is at 39°22′44″N 90°55′15″W﻿ / ﻿39.37889°N 90.92083°W﻿ / 39.37889; -90.92083 and an elevation of 449 feet.

Calumet Creek derives its name from a colonial-era term for a certain type of Native American ceremonial pipe.

Edgewood, Missouri
Edgewood is an unincorporated community in southeast Pike County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The community lies on Missouri Route WW one half mile esat of US Route 61. Eolia is approximately 4.5 miles to the southeast along Route 61.
José Miguel Boissard
José Miguel Boissard Ramírez (born December 4, 1978, in San Cristóbal) is a judoka from the Dominican Republic, who competed in the men's half-middleweight category. He picked up a total of twelve medals in his career, including two bronzes from the Pan American Judo Championships, attained a fifth-place finish in the 81-kg division at the 2003 Pan American Games in Santo Domingo, and represented his nation Dominican Republic at the 2004 Summer Olympics.

Boissard qualified for the Dominican Republic squad in the men's half-middleweight category at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, by placing seventh and receiving a berth from the Pan American Championships in Margarita Island, Venezuela. He lost his opening match to Germany's Florian Wanner, who placed him into an upper four-quarter hold (kami shiho gatame) to score an ippon victory at one minute and twenty-three seconds.

2003 Pan American Games
The 2003 Pan American Games, officially the XIV Pan American Games (Spanish: XIV Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Santo Domingo 2003, were held in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, from August 1 to 17, 2003.  The successful bid for the Games was made in the mid-1990s, when Dominican Republic had one of the highest growth rates in Latin America.

All 42 PASO countries and over 5,223 athletes pre-registered for participation in the XIV Pan American Games. An additional 2,425 trainers and delegates attended. The United States pre-registered the most athletes (713) and Saint Lucia entered the least (6).  The host country entered 562 athletes.
Least mean squares filter
Least mean squares (LMS) algorithms are a class of adaptive filter used to mimic a desired filter by finding the filter coefficients that relate to producing the least mean square of the error signal (difference between the desired and the actual signal). It is a stochastic gradient descent method in that the filter is only adapted based on the error at the current time.  It was invented in 1960 by Stanford University professor Bernard Widrow and his first Ph.D. student, Ted Hoff, based on their research into single-layer neural networks. Specifically, they used gradient descent to train an ADALINE to recognize patterns, and called the algorithm "delta rule". They applied the rule to filters, resulting in the LMS algorithm.

Conjugate transpose
In mathematics, the conjugate transpose, also known as the Hermitian transpose, of an  complex matrix  is an  matrix obtained by transposing  and applying complex conjugation to each entry (the complex conjugate of  being , for real numbers  and ). There are several notations, such as  or , , or (often in physics) .

For real matrices, the conjugate transpose is just the transpose, .
CFS Dana
Canadian Forces Station Dana (CFS Dana) was a military radar station 35 miles east of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, in the Rural Municipality of Bayne No. 371.

RCAF Station Dana (also known as Sagehill) was opened in 1962 as part of the Pinetree Line of NORAD radar stations.   The station was later renamed CFS Dana when the military branches were merged.  The station was part of 45 Radar Squadron. The station was disbanded in 1987.

The station consisted of three pulsed radars, and support facilities, including barracks, married quarters (trailers), a school, chapel, bowling alley and gym. The site was powered by a natural gas-fired power plant, that also generated steam for heating some of the buildings.

Gas-fired power plant
A gas-fired power plant, sometimes referred to as gas-fired power station, natural gas power plant, or methane gas power plant, is a thermal power station that burns natural gas to generate electricity. Gas-fired power plants generate almost a quarter of world electricity and are significant sources of greenhouse gas emissions. However, they can provide seasonal, dispatchable energy generation to compensate for variable renewable energy deficits, where hydropower or interconnectors are not available. In the early 2020s batteries became competitive with gas peaker plants.
Lamesa Lobos
The Lamesa Lobos (a.k.a. Lamesa Dodgers and Lamesa Indians)  were a minor league baseball team based in Lamesa, Texas. They played in the West Texas–New Mexico League from 1939 to 1942, shut down for World War II, and then resumed from 1946–1952. They moved to the Longhorn League in 1953 and moved on June 3 to become the Winters-Ballinger Eagles (representing both Winters, Texas and Ballinger, Texas). In 1957 the Midland Indians of the Southwestern League moved to town and became the Lamesa Indians for the rest of the season.

Ballinger, Texas
Ballinger (/ˈbælɪndʒər/ BAL-in-jər) is a city in Runnels County, Texas, United States. Its population was 3,619 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Runnels County. Downtown Ballinger features historic 1800s buildings with shops and restaurants.
Andrés Martínez (gymnast)
Andrés Martínez (born 2002) is a Spanish athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics.

He won three medals at the Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships between 2021 and 2023, and four medals at the European Trampoline Championships, in 2022 and 2024.

European Trampoline Championships
The European Trampoline Championships, sometimes referred to more formally as the European Championships in Trampoline, Double-Mini-Tramoline and Tumbling is the main trampoline gymnastics championships in Europe, including the disciplines of Double mini trampoline and tumbling, organised by European Gymnastics.
Duinen van Texel National Park
Duinen van Texel National Park (duinen = dunes) is a national park located on the North Holland island of Texel in the Netherlands. All dune systems on the western side of the island and the large coastal plains on both the northern and southern points of the island are part of the park. The park covers approximately 43 km2 (17 sq mi) and attained national park status in 2002. The visitor center is located in the natural history museum Ecomare.

In 1927 botanist Jac. P. Thijsse made an illustrated book about the flora and fauna on the island, and pointed out the major environmental values of the island. This book was one of a series, the book was cheap, and the pictures for the book came free with each Verkade chocolate bar.

There are many walking trails which follow either red, yellow, blue or green signs, the green routes are not accessible during the bird breeding season. Many bicycle trails cross the park as well.

Natural history museum
A natural history museum or museum of natural history is a scientific institution with natural history collections that include current and historical records of animals, plants, fungi, ecosystems, geology, paleontology, climatology, and more.
Hippolyta
In Greek mythology, Hippolyta, or Hippolyte (/hɪˈpɒlɪtə/; Ancient Greek: Ἱππολύτη Hippolytē), was a daughter of Ares and Otrera, queen of the Amazons, and a sister of Antiope and Melanippe. She wore her father Ares' zoster, the Greek word found in the Iliad and elsewhere meaning "war belt". Some English translations prefer "girdle". Hippolyta figures prominently in the myths of both Heracles and Theseus. The myths about her are so varied it is thought that they may be about different women. The name Hippolyta translates as "she who unleashes the horses", deriving from two Greek roots meaning "horse" and "let loose".

Zoster (costume)
A zoster (Greek: ζωστήρ, zōstēr) was a form of girdle or belt worn by men and perhaps later by women in ancient Greece, from the Archaic period (c. 750 – c. 500 BC) to the Hellenistic period (323–30 BC).

The word occurs in Homer, where it appears to refer to a warrior's belt of leather, possibly covered in bronze plates.  Later references in the late Archaic and early Classical periods show it used as a belt or cloth girdle with men's clothes, especially the shorter chiton.

There are also zostra in Nausika's wardrobe, when she goes out to do her laundry, so as to encounter Odysseus (6:38). It's not clear whether her zoster is a form of underwear of just a linen belt over her peplos.

By the Hellenistic period, it had become synonymous with "zone" and was used for women's clothes as well as men's.

The zoster was also worn and is still worn by Greeks when wearing traditional costumes (regional clothing).
Guðlaugsson
Guðlaugsson or Gudlaugsson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Birgir Guðlaugsson (1941–2007), Icelandic cross-country skier

Janus Guðlaugsson (born 1955), Icelandic former footballer

Páll Guðlaugsson (born 1958), Icelandic football coach and former footballer

Sturla Gudlaugsson (1913–1971), Danish-born Dutch art historian

Páll Guðlaugsson
Páll Guðlaugsson (born 9 September 1958) is an Icelandic football coach and former footballer. He was the coach of the Faroe Islands in his 1–0 victory against Austria, in his first official match. He is currently the coach of B68 Toftir after spending two and a half year as coach of TB Tvøroyri, the oldest football club of the Faroese football.
2017 Bohol clashes
The 2017 Bohol clashes were armed conflicts that took place in April and May 2017 between Philippine security forces and Moro ISIL-affiliated militants led by members of the Abu Sayyaf in Inabanga, Bohol, Philippines. Three Philippine Army soldiers, a policeman, four terrorists and two civilians were killed during the initial firefight. Subsequent firefights between the remaining militants and security forces resulted in the deaths of all the Abu Sayyaf insurgents. A ranking officer of the Philippine National Police linked to Abu Sayyaf attempted to rescue some of the insurgents but was arrested.

The clashes marked the first recorded operation of the Abu Sayyaf group in the Visayas region of the Philippines, far from their strongholds in the Sulu Archipelago.

Philippine National Police
The Philippine National Police (PNP; Filipino: Pambansang Pulisya ng Pilipinas) is the national police force of the Philippines. Its national headquarters is located at Camp Crame in Bagong Lipunan ng Crame, Quezon City. Currently, it has approximately 228,000 personnel to police a population in excess of 100 million.

The agency is administered and controlled by the National Police Commission and is part of the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Local police officers are operationally controlled by city or municipal mayors. DILG, on the other hand, organizes, trains and equips the PNP for the performance of police functions as a police force that is national in scope and civilian in character.

The PNP was formed on January 29, 1991, when the Philippine Constabulary and the Integrated National Police were merged pursuant to Republic Act 6975 of 1990.
Dick Tomanek
Richard Carl Tomanek (January 6, 1931 – August 11, 2023) was an American professional baseball player, a pitcher who played for five seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB). He played for the Cleveland Indians from 1953 to 1954 and 1957 to 1958 and the Kansas City Athletics from 1958 to 1959.  Nicknamed "Bones", he stood 6 feet 1 inch (1.85 m) tall and weighed 175 pounds (79 kg). In the early 1950s, he served in the United States Marine Corps.

Kansas City Athletics
The Kansas City Athletics were a Major League Baseball team that played in Kansas City, Missouri, from 1955 to 1967, having previously played in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania as the Philadelphia Athletics. After moving to Oakland, California in 1967, the team became the Oakland Athletics. In 2025, the team moved to West Sacramento, California as the Athletics, and plans ultimately to move to the Las Vegas metropolitan area.

The Kansas City franchise played at Municipal Stadium from 1955 to 1967.

The Kansas City Athletics had an overall win–loss record of 829–1,224–7 (.404) during their 13 years in Kansas City. Four Kansas City Athletics players were elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame: Satchel Paige, Reggie Jackson, Enos Slaughter, and Catfish Hunter.
Frank Butler (jockey)
Frank Butler (c. 1817–1856) was an English jockey who became one of the country's top riders.  In a period of about 11 years he won The Derby twice, The Oaks on six occasions, the Two Thousand Guineas twice, the One Thousand Guineas twice, the St Leger, the Goodwood Cup on three occasions and the Triple Crown on West Australian.  In his final years of racing he won 143 races from 384 starts.  Illness forced him to stop riding in 1854 and he died two years later at the age of 39.

St Leger Stakes
The St Leger Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Doncaster over a distance of 1 mile, 6 furlongs and 115 yards (2,921 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.

Established in 1776, the St Leger is the oldest of Britain's five Classic races. It is the last of the five to be run each year, and its distance is longer than any of the other four.

The St Leger is the final leg of the English Triple Crown, which begins with the 2000 Guineas and continues with the Derby. It also completes the Fillies Triple Crown, following on from the 1000 Guineas and The Oaks. The St Leger has rarely featured Triple Crown contenders in recent decades, with the only one in recent years being the 2012 2,000 Guineas and Derby winner Camelot, who finished second in the St Leger.
Museum of hunting and fishing (Moscow)
Museum of hunting and fishing (Russian: Музей охоты и рыболовства) is a museum in the north of Moscow near the Vodny Stadion metro station. Opened in 1988 in the building of the Central Hunter and Fisherman's House (Golovinskoye Shosse, 1a), the museum is the country's first museum of its kind. Its exhibition is devoted to the history of hunting and fishing in Russia. The museum is represented by the Russian association of public associations of hunters and fishermen.

Vodny Stadion (Moscow Metro)
Vodny Stadion (Russian: Во́дный стадио́нpronunciationⓘ, Water Stadium) is a Moscow Metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line. It was built in 1964 according to the standard pillar-trispan design. The pillars are clad in bluish marble and the walls are tiled in white with two stripes of blue at the base. The two entrances to the station are located near the intersection of Kronshtadtsky Boulevard and the Golovinskoye highway. The architects for this station were N. Demchinsky, Yu. Kolesnikova, and M. Markovsky.

The stadium is currently mostly abandoned.
Neoaves
Neoaves is a clade that consists of all modern birds (Neornithes or Aves) with the exception of Palaeognathae (ratites and kin) and Galloanserae (ducks, chickens and kin). This group is defined in the PhyloCode by George Sangster and colleagues in 2022 as "the most inclusive crown clade containing Passer domesticus, but not Gallus gallus". Almost 95% of the roughly 10,000 known species of extant birds belong to the Neoaves.

The early diversification of the various neoavian groups occurred very rapidly around the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, and attempts to resolve their relationships with each other have resulted initially in much controversy.

Fowl
Fowl are birds belonging to one of two biological orders, namely the gamefowl or landfowl (Galliformes) and the waterfowl (Anseriformes). Anatomical and molecular similarities suggest these two groups are close evolutionary relatives; together, they form the fowl clade which is scientifically known as Galloanserae or Galloanseres (initially termed Galloanseri) (Latin gallus ("rooster") + ānser ("goose")). This clade is also supported by morphological and DNA sequence data as well as retrotransposon presence/absence data.
Gerolamo Ragazzoni
Gerolamo Ragazzoni or Gerolamo Regazzoni (1537 – 5 March 1592) was an Italian Renaissance humanist and Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Bergamo (1577–1592), Apostolic Nuncio to France (1583–1586), Bishop of Novara (1576–1577), Apostolic Administrator of Kisamos (1572–1576), Coadjutor Bishop of Famagusta (1561), and Titular Bishop of Nazianzus (1561).

Catholic-Hierarchy.org
Catholic-Hierarchy.org is an online database of bishops and dioceses of the Latin Church and the 23 Eastern Catholic Churches that are in full communion with Rome. The website, not officially sanctioned by the Church, is run as a private project by David M. Cheney in Kansas City.
HMS Cotswold
Two ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Cotswold:

HMS Cotswold (1916) was a Hunt-class minesweeper launched in 1916 and sold in 1923 for scrapping.

HMS Cotswold (L54) was a Hunt-class destroyer launched in 1940 and sold in 1957 for scrapping.

Hunt-class minesweeper (1916)
The Hunt-class minesweeper was a class of minesweeping sloop built between 1916 and 1919 for the Royal Navy. They were built in two discrete groups, the earlier Belvoir group designed by the Ailsa Shipbuilding Company and the subsequent (and slightly larger) Aberdare group designed by the Admiralty. They were classed as Fleet Minesweeping Sloops, that is ships intended to clear open water. The Belvoir group were named after British fox hunts. Those of the Aberdare group were originally named after coastal towns, watering places and fishing ports, some of which happened to be hunts by coincidence. However, all were soon renamed after inland locations to prevent confusion caused by the misunderstanding of signals and orders.