hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rage (trick-taking card game)
Rage is a 1983 trick-taking card game marketed by Fundex Games that is based on the game oh hell. Players bid to take a particular number of tricks, and are awarded bonus points for doing so. The commercial game differs significantly from the traditional version in the use of a proprietary deck with 6 colored suits and the addition of 6 types of special cards that change gameplay.

Oh hell
Oh hell or contract whist is a trick-taking card game of British origin in which the object is to take exactly the number of tricks bid. It was first described by B. C. Westall around 1930 and originally called oh! well. It was said to have been introduced into America via the New York clubs in 1931. Phillips and Westall describe it as "one of the best round games".
Curb chain
A curb chain, or curb strap, is a piece of horse tack required for proper use on any type of curb bit. It is a flat linked chain or flat strap that runs under the chin groove of the horse, between the bit shank's purchase arms.  It has a buckle or hook attachment and English designs have a "fly link" in the middle to hold a lip strap.  On English bridles the horse is bridled with the curb chain undone on one side, then connected once on the horse. On western bridles, the curb chain is kept buckled to both sides of the bit.

Western riding
Western riding is considered a style of horse riding which has evolved from the ranching and welfare traditions which were brought to the Americas by the Spanish conquistadors, as well as both equipment and riding style which evolved to meet the working needs of the cowboy in the American West. At the time, American cowboys had to work long hours in the saddle and often over rough terrain, sometimes having to rope a cattle using a lariat, also known as a lasso. Because of the necessity to control the horse with one hand and use a lariat with the other, western horses were trained to neck rein, that is, to change direction with light pressure of a rein against the horse's neck. Horses were also trained to exercise a certain degree of independence in using their natural instincts to follow the movements of a cow, thus a riding style developed that emphasized a deep, secure seat, and training methods encouraged a horse to be responsive on very light rein contact.
Miriam MacMillan
Miriam Norton Look MacMillan (née Look; June 13, 1905 – August 18, 1987) was an American sailor, writer, lecturer, photographer, and explorer.

From 1937 onward she was a chief photographer in nine Arctic expeditions on the Bowdoin schooner to Labrador, Baffin Island, and West Greenland within 660 miles of the North Pole.

In 1948 she detailed her 1937–1939 expeditions in her adventure memoirs, Green Seas and White Ice.

Throughout her expeditions, MacMillan created thousands of photographs, audio recordings of Inuktitut songs, and films of Umiak sailors. She later organized these and Inuit art to curate the Peary-MacMillan Arctic Museum.

Umiak
The umiak, umialak, umiaq, umiac, oomiac, oomiak, ongiuk, or anyak is a type of open skin boat, used by the Yupik and Inuit, and was originally found in all coastal areas from Siberia to Greenland. First used in Thule times, it has traditionally been used in summer, for moving people and possessions to seasonal hunting grounds, and for hunting whales and walrus. Although the umiak was usually propelled by oars (women) or paddles (men), sails—sometimes made from seal intestines—were also used, and, in the 20th century, outboard motors.  Because the umiak has no keel, the sails cannot be used for tacking.
Stateless Things
Stateless Things (Korean: 줄탁동시) is a 2011 South Korean drama film written and directed by Kim Kyung-mook.

The film premiered at the 68th edition of the Venice Film Festival, in the Horizons competition. It was later screened in other festivals, including the  Vancouver Film Festival, the BFI London Film Festival and the Hong Kong International Film Festival.

BFI London Film Festival
The BFI London Film Festival is an annual film festival held in London, England, in collaboration with the British Film Institute. Founded in 1957, the festival runs for two weeks every October.

In 2016, the BFI estimated that around 240 feature films and 150 short films from more than 70 countries are screened at the festival each year.
SDA Bocconi School of Management
SDA Bocconi School of Management (Italian: Scuola di Direzione Aziendale, lit. 'Business School') was founded in 1971 and is the graduate business school of Bocconi University in Milan and Rome, Italy. SDA Bocconi is triple accredited by the AACSB, EQUIS, and the AMBA. SDA Bocconi offers various MBA programs, specialized master's degrees, as well as executive education, professional development, and professional certification programs. The business school also regularly engages in commissioned research projects. SDA Bocconi School of Management, in addition to its main campus in Milan, Italy, maintains a presence in Mumbai, India, the SDA Bocconi Asia Center.

Professional certification
Professional certification, trade certification, or professional designation, often called simply certification or qualification, is a designation earned by a person to assure qualification to perform a job or task. Not all certifications that use post-nominal letters are an acknowledgement of educational achievement, or an agency appointed to safeguard the public interest.
Chionodes figurella
Chionodes figurella is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Washington to California and Nevada.

The wingspan is 15–21 mm. The forewings are ochreous, thickly suffused with stone-grey and dark ochreous scales, which totally obscure the ground-color except on the veins, which are visible as thin whitish ochreous lines. The hindwings are silvery white.

The larvae feed on Elymus species, including Elymus glaucus.

Elymus (plant)
Elymus is a genus of perennial plants with approximately 150 species in the grass family,  related to rye, wheat, and other widely grown cereal grains.

Elymus is a cosmopolitan genus, represented by species across all continents of the world.
Common names include couch grass, wild rye and wheatgrass.

The genus name Elymus comes from the Greek ἔλυμος (élumos) "foxtail millet, Setaria italica".
Gobernador, New Mexico
Gobernador is a small, unincorporated community located in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico. Although not on a Native American reservation, Gobernador is about 50 miles east of the Navajo Nation and 15 miles west of the Jicarilla Apache Indian Reservation. Carson National Forest also lies about five miles to the east. The community is situated near the junction of U.S. Route 64 and New Mexico State Road 527. The nearest towns are Aztec, New Mexico, Dulce, New Mexico, and Arboles, Colorado. Gobernador lies in between the dry, arid land of northwest New Mexico and the forested, mountainous land of north central New Mexico, with sandy soil, smaller trees and other plants, and shorter mountains and mesas.

New Mexico State Road 527
State Road 527 (NM 527) is a 16.922-mile-long (27.233 km) state highway in the US state of New Mexico. NM 527's western terminus is at the end of Route at Simms Mesa Campground, and the eastern terminus is at U.S. Route 64 (US 64) east of Blanco.
Knockdavie Castle
Knockdavie Castle is a now-ruined 17th-century house in Burntisland parish, Fife, Scotland. The name probably derives from the Gaelic cnoc dubh -in "(place of the) black hill(ock)", with cnoc dabhoch “the hill farm” another theory. It is recorded under the alternative name of Stenhouse (stone house) in 1561, which survives in the name of the modern day adjacent farmhouse. It is said to have belonged, in the seventeenth century, to a Douglas, recorded in an appendix to The Scots Worthies as an opponent of the Covenanters.

John Howie (biographer)
John Howie (14 November 1735 – 5 January 1793) was a Scottish biographer. His best known work was  Biographia Scoticana, first published in 1775, which is often called The Scots Worthies. It deals with Christians and particularly Presbyterians especially in their strivings with church and civil authorities.
Lenderman
Lenderman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandr Lenderman (born 1989), American chess grandmaster

Homer Lenderman (born 1956), American politician

Laura Lenderman (fl. 1993–present), American air force general

Michael H. Lenderman (1945–2022), American politician

Aleksandr Lenderman
Aleksandr "Alex" Lenderman (born September 23, 1989) is an American chess grandmaster. He won the 2005 World Under-16 Championship in Belfort with a score of 9/10 (+8 −0 =2), becoming the first American to win a gold medal at the World Youth Chess Championship since Tal Shaked won the World Junior Championship in 1997.
Tesino
The Tesino (Latin: Tessuinum) is a 37-kilometre (23 mi) Italian river which flows through the region of Marche. It is born on the slopes of Monte La Torre, near Force in the Province of Ascoli Piceno, and enters the Adriatic near Grottammare

Grottammare
Grottammare (Teramano Neapolitan: Le Grottë) is a town and comune on Italy's Adriatic coast, in the province of Ascoli Piceno, Marche region. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

The town is crossed by the 43rd parallel north. Economy is mostly based on summer tourism; other sectors include food and vegetables production, mechanics, and commerce.
Khaz-e Bahari
Khaz-e Bahari (Persian: خازبهاري, also Romanized as Khāz-e Bahārī) is a village in Eskelabad Rural District, Nukabad District, Khash County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 10, in 7 families.

Eskelabad Rural District
Eskelabad Rural District (Persian: دهستان اسكل آباد) is in the Central District of Taftan County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Eskelabad. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Deh-e Pabid.
Coleophora confluella
Coleophora confluella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found in on the Canary Islands.

The larvae feed on Cistus monspeliensis, Cistus vaginatus, Helianthemum guttatum and Tuberaria species. Larvae can be found from March to April.

Tuberaria guttata
Tuberaria guttata, the spotted rock-rose or annual rock-rose, is an annual plant of the Mediterranean region which also occurs very locally in Wales and Ireland. The flowers are very variable with the characteristic spot at the base of the petal very variable in size and intensity of colour.
Sophia Leung
Sophia Ming Ren Leung, CM (Chinese: 梁陳明任 born July 25, 1933) is a Canadian politician.

Born in Wuxi, China, she was a social worker before being elected to the House of Commons of Canada in 1997 for the riding of Vancouver Kingsway in British Columbia. A Liberal, she was re-elected in 2000. From 2000 to 2003, she was Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of National Revenue.  Both before and after her political career, she has been involved in a great deal of volunteer activities.

In 1994, she was made a Member of the Order of Canada.

Leung was considered for a Senate seat in 2004 and supported Sam Sullivan's bid of mayor of Vancouver.

Parliamentary secretary
A parliamentary secretary is a member of parliament in the Westminster system who assists a more senior minister with their duties. In several countries, the position has been re-designated as assistant minister, junior minister or associate minister.

In the parliamentary systems of several Commonwealth countries, such as the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, India and Singapore, it is customary for the prime minister to appoint parliamentary secretaries from their political party in parliament to assist cabinet ministers with their work. The role of parliamentary secretaries varies under different prime ministers. The post has often served as a training ground for future ministers.
Louise (opera)
Louise is a "musical novel", or "roman musical", in four acts and five scenes by Gustave Charpentier. It can be considered an opera. The composer himself penned the French libretto with contributions from Saint-Pol-Roux, a symbolist poet and the inspiration of the surrealists. It is an atmospheric story of working-class life in Paris, with the city itself invoked along the way: young Louise, a seamstress living with her parents, loves Julien, an artist; she desires freedom, associated in her mind with him and the city. (Charpentier would later write a sequel, the opera Julien, describing the artist's aspirations.) Musically the work is considered an example of verismo, and marks the beginning of naturalism in French opera.

Georges Thill
Georges Thill (14 December 1897 – 17 October 1984) was a French opera singer, often considered to be his country's greatest lyric-dramatic tenor. Born in Paris, his career lasted from 1924 to 1953, peaking during the 1930s.
(+)-Pulegone reductase
(+)-pulegone reductase (EC 1.3.1.81) is an enzyme with systematic name (−)-menthone:NADP+ oxidoreductase. This enzyme catalises the following chemical reaction

This enzyme, from peppermint converts (+)-pulegone to a mixture of (–)-menthone and (+)-isomenthone using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) as its cofactor. It does not act in the opposite direction

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, abbreviated NADP or, in older notation, TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleotide), is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions, such as the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses, which require it as a reducing agent ('hydrogen source'). NADPH is the reduced form, whereas NADP+ is the oxidized form. NADP+ is used by all forms of cellular life. NADP+ is essential for life because it is needed for cellular respiration.

NADP+ differs from NAD+ by the presence of an additional phosphate group on the 2' position of the ribose ring that carries the adenine moiety. This extra phosphate is added by NAD+ kinase and removed by NADP+ phosphatase.
Dead Media
Dead Media is the fourth, and currently final, album by British indie rock band Hefner.  It was originally released in 2001 on Too Pure.

A reissue was released on 4 July 2011, which included all the tracks from The Hefner Brain EP, the "Alan Bean" single releases, and the "Trouble Kid" 7" single, among other bonus tracks.

Too Pure
Too Pure Records  was a London-based independent record label formed in 1990 by Richard Roberts and Paul Cox. The label gained prominence after the release of PJ Harvey's debut studio album Dry in 1992, and subsequently found further success in the late 1990s and early 2000s with albums by indie rock artists such as Mclusky and Electrelane. The label closed in 2008.
Alan Thompson (footballer, born 1973)
Alan Thompson (born 22 December 1973) is an English football coach and former professional footballer.

As a player he was a midfielder who notably played in the Premier League for Bolton Wanderers and Aston Villa and in the Scottish Premiership with Celtic. He also played in the Football League with Newcastle United, Leeds United and Hartlepool United He made 550 appearances during his career and was capped by England once against Sweden in 2004.

Following retirement, Thompson has worked as a coach for Newcastle United, Celtic, Birmingham City and Blackpool. He also had a brief spell as assistant manager of Bury but was dismissed with Lee Clark in October 2017.

1995–96 Bolton Wanderers F.C. season
The 1995–1996 season was the 117th season in Bolton Wanderers F.C.'s existence, and their first ever season in the FA Premier League following promotion from the Football League First Division.

This article covers the period from 1 July 1995 to 30 June 1996.
Central Square, Chennai
The Central Square is a city square and major intersection in Chennai. Areas surrounding the Ripon Building, Victoria Public Hall, Moore Market Complex, Chennai Central Railway Station, the Southern Railway Headquarters and the Government General Hospital are being developed as part of the Central Square. The total site area is estimated to be about 37,800 square meters (9.3 acres), and the development is estimated to cost about ₹4 billion (US$47 million) and will be funded by the CMDA.

Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital
Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital is a major state-owned hospital situated in Chennai, India. The hospital is funded and managed by the state government of Tamil Nadu. Founded in 1664 by the British East India Company, it is the first modern hospital in India. In the 19th century, the Madras Medical College joined it. As of 2018, the hospital receives an average of 12,000 outpatients every day.
Complete 'B' Sides
Complete 'B' Sides is a compilation album of songs by American alternative rock band Pixies. It features the B-sides for seven out of eight of their UK singles, as well as for one USA single, from the 1980s and 1990s. The eighth, "Letter to Memphis", had no B-sides. These singles are:

"Gigantic" (1988)

"Monkey Gone to Heaven" (1989)

"Here Comes Your Man" (1989)

"Velouria" (1990)

"Dig for Fire" (1990)

"Planet of Sound" (1991)

"Alec Eiffel" (USA) (1991)

The album's booklet also features commentaries for each song by Pixies frontman Black Francis. Of "Velvety Instrumental Version", he writes, "The title implies that there was a version with lyrics, but there wasn't." A non-instrumental version, titled simply "Velvety", would later appear on Frank Black and the Catholics' 2002 album, Devil's Workshop.

Velouria
"Velouria" is a song by the American alternative rock band Pixies, written and sung by the band's frontman Black Francis. The song was written as a love song rooted in Francis's experience with a girl associated with the Rosicrucians of Northern California. The lyrics also touched on Francis's interest in UFOs. Musically, the song features surf rock elements as well as a theremin part.

"Velouria" was released as the lead single from Bossanova in July 1990 and became the band's first Top 40 hit in the United Kingdom. The release was accompanied by a music video, featuring a short clip of the band in a quarry slowed down to fit the song's length. "Velouria" has since seen critical acclaim and has appeared on several compilations.
Herre Church
Herre Church (Norwegian: Herre kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Bamble Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It is located in the village of Herre. It is one of the churches for the Bamble og Herre parish which is part of the Bamble prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1905 using plans drawn up by the architect Haldor Larsen Børve. The church seats about 275 people.

Diocese of Agder og Telemark
The Diocese of Agder og Telemark (Norwegian: Agder og Telemark bispedømme) is a diocese of the Church of Norway, covering all of Agder county and Telemark county in Norway. The cathedral city is Kristiansand, Norway's fifth largest city. Kristiansand Cathedral serves as the seat of the presiding Bishop. The bishop since 2013 has been Stein Reinertsen. As of 1 January 2003, there were 347,324 members of the Church of Norway in the diocese.
Jac Jagaciak
Monika Jagaciak Jankic (Polish: [mɔˈɲika jaˈɡat͡ɕak]; born 15 January 1994), known professionally as Jac Jagaciak, is a Polish model. After signing with IMG Models in 2007, Jagaciak was given the nickname "Jac" by the agency.

Marc Jacobs
Marc Jacobs (born April 9, 1963) is an American fashion designer. He is the head designer for his own fashion label, Marc Jacobs, and formerly Marc by Marc Jacobs, a diffusion line, which was produced for approximately 15 years, before it was discontinued after the 2015 fall/winter collection. At its peak, it had over 200 retail stores in 80 countries. He was the creative director of the French design house Louis Vuitton from 1997 to 2014. Jacobs was on Time magazine's "2010 Time 100" list of the 100 most influential people in the world, and was #14 on Out magazine's 2012 list of "50 Most Powerful Gay Men and Women in America". He married his longtime partner Charly Defrancesco on April 6, 2019.
Tanzania women's national under-17 football team
The Tanzania women's national under-17 football team represents Tanzania in international women's under-17 football. The team is controlled by the governing body for football in Tanzania, the Tanzania Football Federation (TFF). The team and federation is currently a member of the Confederation of African Football (CAF) and the regional Council for East and Central Africa Football Associations (CECAFA).

The team finished as runners-up in the 2021 edition of CECAFA Women's U-17 Championship and also qualified for the 2022 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup becoming the first Tanzanian team to qualify for a FIFA World Cup event.

Tanzania Football Federation
The Tanzania Football Federation (TFF; Swahili: Shirikisho la Mpira wa Miguu Tanzania) previously the Football Association of Tanzania, is the governing body of football in the United Republic of Tanzania. It oversees operations of the Tanzania national football team, Tanzania women's national team and the Tanzanian football league system which comprises the Tanzanian Premier League, Tanzanian First Division League (Championship), First League and Regional Champions League. It was founded in 1945 and has been affiliated with FIFA since 1964. Wallace Karia is the current president of the Tanzania Football Federation as of 2017.
Villum Foundation
The Villum Foundation (Danish: Villum Fonden); formerly Villum Kann Rasmussen Foundation (Villum Kann Rasmussen Fonden) was set up in 1971 by civil engineer Villum Kann Rasmussen (1909–1993). 10 years later, he set up  the Velux Foundation (Velux Fonden). Rasmussen was the founder of VELUX and Velfac, Danish window companies. Both foundations are part of VKR Holding A/S, owned by the Rasmussen family and the Villum Foundation, which is the main shareholder.

The foundations fund scientific, cultural, artistic and social projects, and award honorary prizes. In 2018, they together granted EUR 118 million divided among 1,015 donations. The money comes from the revenues of the VKR Group and income generated by the foundations’ other assets.

Velfac
Velfac A/S is a Danish company who produces windows for the building industry.
The company is part of VKR Holding A/S, which also owns, among other things, Velux and Rationel. Velfac exports to several countries and has sales offices in Great Britain, Ireland, Sweden and Denmark. Velfac A/S is based in Ringkøbing and has over 1,000 employees and an annual turnover of just over £ 1.5 billion (2007)
Young Feminists
The Young Feminists (Swedish: Unga Feminister) is the youth wing of the Swedish Feminist Initiative (Swedish: Feministiskt Initiativ). Founded in 2011, it is one of the fastest growing youth organisations in Sweden, having over 2,000 members after three years of operation. The organisation is based upon the same political platform as its parent party, focusing on human rights and gender equality and aligning itself with feminism rather than traditional left–right politics.

Youth wing
A youth wing is a subsidiary, autonomous, or independently allied front of a larger organization (usually a political party but occasionally another type of organization) that is formed in order to rally support for that organization from members and potential members of a younger age, as well as to focus on subjects and issues more widely relevant among that organization's youth. Youth wings may also be discussion forums for younger members and supporters of the organization to debate policy and ideology.