hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maan Al-Sanea
Maan Abdul Wahed Al-Sanea (born 1955, Khobar, Saudi Arabia) is a Saudi businessman of Kuwaiti origin. In 1980, he founded the Saad Group, a conglomerate with operations in construction & engineering, real estate development, financial services and investments. He has also founded a private hospital, several educational facilities and a support center for special-needs children and their families. It is alleged that he funded all this by defrauding his wife's family, the  Al Gosaibis.

Al-Sanea’s family investment company, Saad Investments Co. Ltd. collapsed in 2009 and remains involved in a lengthy liquidation process, including the case Singularis Holdings Limited (in liquidation) v Daiwa Capital Markets Europe Limited.

In October, 2017, he was arrested in his home in Saudi Arabia.

Al Gosaibi
Al-Gosaibi, Al Gosaibi or Algosaibi (Arabic: القصيبي) is a Peninsular Arabic surname.
Notable people with this family name include:

Ghazi Abdul Rahman Al Gosaibi (1940–2010), Saudi Arabian politician, diplomat and technocrat

Saud Abdul Aziz Al Gosaibi (1963–2003), Saudi Arabian businessman and managing director of Ahmad Hamad Al Gosaibi & Brothers

Sulaiman Hamad Al Gosaibi (died 2009), Saudi Arabian businessman
2001 FIFA Confederations Cup Group B
Group A of the 2001 FIFA Confederations Cup took place between 31 May and 4 June 2001. Japan won the group, and advanced to the knockout stage, along with group runners-up Brazil. Cameroon and Canada failed to advance.

Cameroon national football team
The Cameroon national football team (French: Équipe du Cameroun de football), also known as the Indomitable Lions (French: les lions indomptables), represents Cameroon in men's international football. It is controlled by the Fédération Camerounaise de Football, a member of FIFA and its African confederation CAF.

The team has qualified for the FIFA World Cup eight times, more than any other African team, and four times in a row between 1990 and 2002. However, the team has only made it out of the group stage once. They were the first African team to reach the quarter-final of the World Cup in 1990, losing to England in extra time. They have also won five Africa Cup of Nations.

Cameroon is the first and, as of 2022, only African country to win against Brazil in tournament play, defeating them in the 2003 Confederations Cup and 2022 FIFA World Cup by identical 1–0 scores.
4-Chloromercuribenzoic acid
4-Chloromercuribenzoic acid (p-chloromercuribenzoic acid, PCMB) is an organomercury compound that is used as a protease inhibitor, especially in molecular biology applications.

PCMB reacts with thiol groups in proteins and is therefore an inhibitor of enzymes that are dependent on thiol reactivity, including cysteine proteases such as papain and acetylcholinesterase.  Because of this reactivity with thiols, PCMB is also used in titrimetric quantification of thiol groups in proteins.

Cysteine protease
Cysteine proteases, also known as thiol proteases, are hydrolase enzymes that degrade proteins. These proteases share a common catalytic mechanism that involves a nucleophilic cysteine thiol in a catalytic triad or dyad.

Discovered by Gopal Chunder Roy in 1873, the first cysteine protease to be isolated and characterized was papain, obtained from Carica papaya. Cysteine proteases are commonly encountered in fruits including the papaya, pineapple, fig, and kiwifruit. The proportion of protease tends to be higher when the fruit is unripe. In fact, the latex of dozens of different plant families are known to contain cysteine proteases. Cysteine proteases are used as an ingredient in meat tenderizers.
Mericitabine
Mericitabine (RG-7128) is an antiviral drug, a deoxycytidine analog (a type of nucleoside analog). It was developed as a treatment for hepatitis C, acting as a NS5B RNA polymerase inhibitor, but while it showed a good safety profile in clinical trials, it was not sufficiently effective to be used as a stand-alone agent. However mericitabine has been shown to boost the efficacy of other antiviral drugs when used alongside them, and as most modern treatment regimens for hepatitis C use a combination therapy of several antiviral drugs, clinical trials have continued to see if it can form a part of a clinically useful drug treatment program.

Hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5B
Nonstructural protein 5B (NS5B) is a viral protein found in the hepatitis C virus (HCV). It is an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, having the key function of replicating HCV's viral RNA by using the viral positive RNA strand as a template to catalyze the polymerization of ribonucleoside triphosphates (rNTP) during RNA replication. Several crystal structures of NS5B polymerase in several crystalline forms have been determined based on the same consensus sequence BK (HCV-BK, genotype 1). The structure can be represented by a right hand shape with fingers, palm, and thumb. The encircled active site, unique to NS5B, is contained within the palm structure of the protein. Recent studies on NS5B protein genotype 1b strain J4's (HC-J4) structure indicate a presence of an active site where possible control of nucleotide binding occurs and initiation of de-novo RNA synthesis. De-novo adds necessary primers for initiation of RNA replication.
HMCS Margaree
Several Canadian naval units have been named HMCS Margaree.

HMCS Margaree (H49) (I) was an Interwar standard D-class destroyer serving first in the Royal Navy as HMS Diana (H49) and then for one month with the Royal Canadian Navy as a River-class destroyer  from September–October 1940 when she was lost in a collision with a freighter.

HMCS Margaree (DDH 230) (II) served from 1957–1992 as a Cold War era St. Laurent-class destroyer.

River-class destroyer (1931)
The River class was a series of fourteen destroyers of the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) that served before and during the Second World War. They were named after Canadian rivers.

The River class was a dissimilar collection of warships, consisting of twelve vessels purchased from the Royal Navy and two built specifically by British yards for the RCN. They included two A class, five C class, two D class, one E class, two F class, one G class and one H class.

HMCS Saguenay and HMCS Skeena were the first ships specifically built for the RCN and were adapted from the Royal Navy's A class.
Alexander Kokorinov
Alexander Filippovich Kokorinov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Фили́ппович Коко́ринов; 10 July 1726 – 21 March 1772) was a Russian architect and educator of Siberian origin, generally remembered for his role in establishing the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Peterburg, of which he was the official builder and then administrator from 1758 until his death. Kokorinov has been house architect of the Razumovsky family and Ivan Shuvalov, the founding president of the Academy. Kokorinov's surviving architectural legacy, once believed to be substantial, has been reduced by recent research to only two buildings, the Imperial Academy of Arts and Kirill Razumovsky palace in Saint Petersburg. The Academy was designed by Jean-Baptiste Vallin de la Mothe based on an earlier proposal by Jacques-François Blondel, while Kokorinov managed the construction in its early phases (1764–1772).

Razumovsky
The House of Razumovsky or Rozumovsky (Russian: Разумовский, Ukrainian: Розумовський, German: Razumofsky) is the name of an Imperial Russian noble family of Zaporozhian Cossack origin from Siveria. The main family line became extinct in the 19th century, while its Austrian branch exists to this day. The Austrian branch was started by Grigory Razumovsky, who was forced to relocate to the Austrian Empire in 1816, after he received the hereditary title of Prince in 1815 from Francis I, Emperor of Austria.
Taipei Joint Bus System
The Taipei Joint Bus System (Chinese: 台北聯營公車) is a bus system that serves the greater metropolitan area of Taipei, Taiwan. It is administered by the Taipei Joint Bus Service Management Center, the Taipei City Traffic Bureau, and the New Taipei City Traffic Bureau (formerly Taipei County Traffic Bureau), and is operated by 15 private agencies. It includes the bus systems of Taipei City and New Taipei City, and has a coordinated numbering and fare system.

Yangmingshan
Yangmingshan National Park is one of the nine national parks in Taiwan, located in both Taipei and New Taipei City. The districts that are partially in the park include Taipei's Beitou and Shilin Districts; and New Taipei's Wanli, Jinshan, Sanzhi and Tamsui Districts. The national park is known for its cherry blossoms, hot springs, sulfur deposits, fumaroles, venomous snakes, and hiking trails, including Taiwan's tallest dormant volcano, Qixing (Seven Star) Mountain rising to 1,120 m (3,675 ft). In June 2020, Yangmingshan National Park was certified as the world’s first Urban Quiet Park Quiet Parks International in recognition of World Environment Day.
Bandera State Airport
Bandera State Airport (FAA LID: 4W0) is a public airport located in Bandera, King County, Washington, United States. It is owned by the Washington State DOT Aviation Division.

This airport was built in 1948 as one of the first state airports. It is located in the upper Snoqualmie Valley, 14 miles (23 km) east of North Bend, Washington. The airport is a few feet away from Interstate 90 and is an excellent location for mountain flying practice. Though surrounded by mountains, the valley is wide enough for maneuvering most light aircraft. The airport is often used by instructors for training students in soft field work and in mountain flying. Glider clubs frequently base out of Bandera.

King County, Washington
King County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. The population was 2,269,675 in the 2020 census, making it the most populous county in Washington, and the 12th-most populous in the United States. The county seat is Seattle, also the state's most populous city.

Originally named after US representative, senator, and then vice president-elect William R. King in 1852, the county government amended its designation in 1986 to honor Martin Luther King Jr., a prominent activist and leader during the civil rights movement. The change was approved by the state government in 2005.

It is one of three Washington counties that are included in the Seattle metropolitan area along with Snohomish County to the north and Pierce County to the south. About two-thirds of King County's population lives in Seattle's suburbs, which largely developed in the late 20th century and early 21st century as bedroom communities before becoming job centers for the technology industry.
Caroline Gillmer
Caroline Gillmer (born 1955) is an Australian actress, best known for her roles in  various television series, such as Prisoner as Helen Smart and Neighbours as Cheryl Stark.

Caroline appeared as Neighbours regular character and fan favourite Cheryl Stark from 1993 to 1996 before being killed off.

Cheryl has subsequently appeared in a flashback scene as part of Helen Daniels's death episodes in 1997 and last featured in a 2014 episode to celebrate the Kennedy family's 20th anniversary on Ramsay Street. A cast photo from the mid 1990s featuring Cheryl was shown on screen as part of the "final ever" episode end credits of the series in 2022.

Gillmer has had many guest roles in television series, including a recurring guest role on MDA and supporting roles in TV shows such as Bed of Roses. She portrayed Judy Moran in the hit TV series Underbelly.

In 2021, Gillmer appeared in the drama series Lie with Me.

MDA (TV series)
MDA is an Australian television series that aired between 2002 and 2005 on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC). It concerned the day-to-day operation of legal firm MDA, which specialised in medical defence.
Heitmeyer
Heitmeyer is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Constance Heitmeyer, American electrical engineer

Jayne Heitmeyer (born 1960), Canadian actress

Wilhelm Heitmeyer (born 1945), German academic

Constance Heitmeyer
Constance Heitmeyer from the United States Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC was named Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2015 for "contributions to formal methods for modeling and analyzing software and systems".
1995 French Open
The 1995 French Open was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. The tournament was held from 29 May until 11 June. It was the 94th staging of the French Open, and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1995.

Stade Roland Garros
Stade Roland Garros (French pronunciation: [stad ʁɔlɑ̃ ɡaʁos]; 'Roland Garros Stadium') is a complex of tennis courts, including stadiums, located in Paris that hosts the French Open. That tournament, also known as Roland Garros, is a major tennis championship played annually in late May and early June. The complex is named after Roland Garros (1888–1918), a pioneering French aviator, and was constructed in 1928 to host France's first defence of the Davis Cup.

The 13.5-hectare (34-acre) complex contains twenty courts, including three large-capacity stadiums; Les Jardins de Roland Garros, a large restaurant and bar complex; Le Village, the press and VIP area; France's National Training Centre (CNE); and the Tenniseum, a bilingual, multimedia museum of the history of tennis.
7th World Scout Jamboree
The 7th World Scout Jamboree (German: 7. Weltpfadfindertreffen) was held from 3 to 12 August 1951, and was hosted by Austria at Bad Ischl in Upper Austria. The attendance was 12,884 from 61 different parts of the world, with 675 German Scouts given a warm welcome as official participants in a World Jamboree for the first time. The Austrian contingent was slightly outnumbered by the Commonwealth contingent and had reduced the minimum age for their attendees from 14, the normal Jamboree age, to 13, since the revived organization had only been in existence for five years. The 7th World Scout Jamboree was also the last Jamboree for which Austria were the host country.

Upper Austria
Upper Austria (German: Oberösterreich [ˈoːbɐˌ(ʔ)øːstɐraɪç] ⓘ; Bavarian: Obaöstareich; Czech: Horní Rakousy [ˈɦorɲiː ˈrakousɪ]) is one of the nine states of Austria. Its capital is Linz. Upper Austria borders Germany and the Czech Republic, as well as the other Austrian states of Lower Austria, Styria, and Salzburg. With an area of 11,982 km2 (4,626 sq mi) and 1.49 million inhabitants, Upper Austria is the fourth-largest Austrian state by land area and the third-largest by population.
2021 Gentofte municipal election
In 1888, the Conservatives won the mayor's position in the municipality for the first time. Since then, the Conservatives had held it. In 2017 they won their 33rd consecutive term, and Hans Toft his 7th term. However, he would not stand in this election.

Despite a new candidate from the Conservatives, they would still win a comfortable absolute majority. They lost 1 seat, but still won 12 of the 19 seats (63.2%). It would be the municipality where they won the highest % of votes, and also the third highest vote share for a party in the 2017 Danish local elections. With 12 seats, Michael Fenger, the new Conservative candidate, was set to become the mayor.

2017 Danish local elections
Local elections were held on 21 November 2017 for Denmark's 98 municipal councils and five regional councils. All 2,432 seats were contested for the 2018–21 term of office, together with 205 seats (a fixed number of 41 seats in each council) in five regional councils. In the previous election, there were 2,444 seats in the municipal councils.
Logarithmic mean temperature difference
In thermal engineering, the logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD) is used to determine the temperature driving force for heat transfer in flow systems, most notably in heat exchangers. The LMTD is a logarithmic average of the temperature difference between the hot and cold feeds at each end of the double pipe exchanger. For a given heat exchanger with constant area and heat transfer coefficient, the larger the LMTD, the more heat is transferred. The use of the LMTD arises straightforwardly from the analysis of a heat exchanger with constant flow rate and fluid thermal properties.

Control volume
In continuum mechanics and thermodynamics, a control volume (CV) is a mathematical abstraction employed in the process of creating mathematical models of physical processes. In an inertial frame of reference, it is a fictitious region of a given volume fixed in space or moving with constant flow velocity through which the continuuum (a continuous medium such as gas, liquid or solid) flows. The closed surface enclosing the region is referred to as the control surface.

At steady state, a control volume can be thought of as an arbitrary volume in which the mass of the continuum remains constant. As a continuum moves through the control volume, the mass entering the control volume is equal to the mass leaving the control volume. At steady state, and in the absence of work and heat transfer, the energy within the control volume remains constant. It is analogous to the classical mechanics concept of the free body diagram.
Stedall
Stedall is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jackie Stedall (1950–2014), British mathematics historian

Jonathan Stedall (1938–2022), English television producer and documentary filmmaker

Jonathan Stedall
Jonathan Hugh Pemberton Stedall (20 January 1938 – 21 October 2022) was an English television producer and documentary filmmaker known for his  collaborations with John Betjeman, Malcolm Muggeridge and Alan Bennett.
Optical Waves in Layered Media
Optical Waves in Layered Media is a textbook for optics courses in electrical engineering or applied physics. The book focuses on physics theory more than practical application. General topical coverage is divided into five parts beginning with electromagnetic theory. It then covers isotropic layered thin films, anisotropic and inhomogeneous media including crystals and birefringence, and guided waves using layered media. 
Currently, with more than 5,500 citations, this book is highly cited. The book was first published by John Wiley & Sons in 1988 and has been reprinted several times, with the last reprint in 2005.

The book is written by physicist Pochi Yeh, who received his PhD in 1971 from the California Institute of Technology. He then obtained a position at Rockwell International Science Center in Thousand Oaks, California. In 1989 he became a member of the faculty at UC Santa Barbara.

Anisotropy
Anisotropy (/ˌænaɪˈsɒtrəpi, ˌænɪ-/) is the structural property of non-uniformity in different directions, as opposed to isotropy. An anisotropic object or pattern has properties that differ according to direction of measurement. For example, many materials exhibit very different physical or mechanical properties when measured along different axes, e.g. absorbance, refractive index, conductivity, and tensile strength.

An example of anisotropy is light coming through a polarizer. Another is wood, which is easier to split along its grain than across it because of the directional non-uniformity of the grain (the grain is the same in one direction, not all directions).
Xiaogang station
Xiaogang station could refer to:

Xiao-gang station (Guangzhou Metro line 2) in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China

Xiaogang station (Guangzhou Metro line 8) in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China

Xiaogang station (Qingdao Metro), a station on Line 2 of Qingdao Metro, in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China

Xiao-gang station (Guangzhou Metro line 2)
Xiao-gang station (simplified Chinese: 萧岗站; traditional Chinese: 蕭崗站; Jyutping: siu1 gong1 zaam6; Cantonese Yale: Sīugōng Jaahm), known as Jiangxia station  during planning, is a metro station on Line 2 of the Guangzhou Metro. It is located underground to the south of Huangshi Road East (黄石东路), the east of Yuncheng Road West (云城西路) and the south of Xiaogang River (萧岗涌), in the Baiyun District of Guangzhou. It started operation on 25 September 2010.

Xiao-gang station is within walking distance of the Guangdong University of Foreign Studies north campus, as well as the west gate of Baiyun Mountain.

The English station name is hyphenated to avoid confusion with the similarly named Xiaogang station on Line 8, which, in Mandarin, shares the same pinyin spelling but has a different tonal pronunciation and different characters (萧岗/晓港; Xiāogǎng/Xiǎogǎng). In Cantonese however, the two stations do not share the same spelling when romanised (Sīugōng/Híugóng).
The Other Half (band)
The Other Half was an American psychedelic garage rock band, based in San Francisco, and active in the mid-to-late 1960s. The band gained interest after one of the Nuggets compilations in the 1980s included their single "Mr. Pharmacist".

Chet Helms
Chester Leo "Chet" Helms (August 2, 1942 – June 25, 2005), often called the father of San Francisco's 1967 "Summer of Love," was a music promoter and a counterculture figure in San Francisco during its hippie period in the mid- to-late 1960s.

Helms was the founder and manager of Big Brother and the Holding Company and recruited Janis Joplin as its lead singer. He was a producer and organizer, helping to stage free concerts and other cultural events at Golden Gate Park, the backdrop of San Francisco's Summer of Love in 1967, as well as at other venues, including the Avalon Ballroom.

He was the first producer of psychedelic light-show concerts at the Fillmore and the Avalon Ballroom and was instrumental in helping to develop bands that had the distinctive San Francisco Sound. Helms died June 25, 2005, of complications of a stroke. He was 62.
John Adolphus Beckwith
John Adolphus Beckwith (1 December 1800 – 23 November 1880) was a Canadian politician.

Born in Fredericton, New Brunswick, one of six children of Nehemiah Beckwith and Julie-Louise, Beckwith was a professional surveyor and engineer. He was mayor of Fredericton in 1863 and 1864. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick in 1866. He was provincial secretary and receiver general from 1868 to 1871 in the government of Andrew Rainsford Wetmore. In 1874, he was appointed to the Legislative Council of New Brunswick.

Legislative Council of New Brunswick
The Legislative Council of New Brunswick was the upper house of the government of the British colony and later Canadian province of New Brunswick between 1785 and 1891.

Members were appointed by the New Brunswick governor.
Juniper Dunes Wilderness
The Juniper Dunes Wilderness is a protected wilderness area comprising 7,140 acres (28.9 km²) in Franklin County, Washington.  Established in 1984, it is noteworthy for the northernmost growth of western juniper trees that live among the area's large sand dunes.

Juniperus occidentalis
Juniperus occidentalis, known as the western juniper, is a shrub or tree native to the Western United States, growing in mountains at altitudes of 800–3,000 meters (2,600–9,800 ft) and rarely down to 100 m (330 ft). It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List because it is a widespread species with an increasing population.
Paoro
Paoro is a mythical entity that appears in early Māori creation myths.

The name Paoro (meaning echo) appears in John White's English translation of a Māori story attributed by him to the Ngāti Hau tribe, as a personal name meaning 'Echo'. However, in the Māori language original which White also supplies, the name Paoro does not appear – instead the word used is 'pari-kārangaranga', "echoing cliff".

In the Māori story, Mārikoriko (Twilight) is the first woman, created by Ārohirohi (Shimmering heat) from the heat of the sun (Kau-ata-ata) and the echoing cliff (Paoro).  She married Tiki, the first man, and gave birth to Hine-kau-ataata (Woman floating in shadows).

Ngāti Hau
Ngāti Hau are the Māori iwi (tribes) of the Whanganui River area in New Zealand.

There are two stories of where the name Ngāti Hau comes from. One is that it comes from Haupipi, who arrived in New Zealand on the Aotea canoe, after his first canoe, Kurahaupō, was wrecked. The other is that it is derived from Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi, another name for the Whanganui Māori.