hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Azila Talit Reisenberger
Dr. Azila Talit Reisenberger is Le Professeur Distinqué; and a distinguished author, the Head of the Hebrew Department at the University of Cape Town, South Africa, a champion of Women's Rights and Gender Equality, and an acting Rabba.

Journal for the Study of Religion
The Journal for the Study of Religion is a semi-annual journal published by the Association for the Study of Religion in Southern Africa. It was established in 1980 with the title Religion in Southern Africa, and adopted its current name in 1987.
Vine and Olive Colony
The Vine and Olive Colony was an effort by a group of French Bonapartists who, fearing for their lives after the fall of Napoleon and the Bourbon Restoration, attempted to establish an agricultural settlement growing wine grapes and olive trees in the Alabama wilderness.  The area that they settled later became the counties of Marengo and Hale.

Bonapartism
Bonapartism (French: Bonapartisme [bɔnapaʁtism]) is the political ideology supervening from Napoleon Bonaparte and his followers and successors. The term, originated by Karl Marx, is used in the narrow sense to refer to people who hoped to restore the House of Bonaparte and its style of government. In this sense, a Bonapartiste was a person who either actively participated in or advocated for imperial political factions in 19th-century France. Although Bonapartism emerged in 1814 with the first fall of Napoleon, it only developed doctrinal clarity and cohesion by the 1840s.

The term developed a broad definition used to mean political movements that advocate for an authoritarian centralised state, with a military strongman and charismatic leader with relatively traditionalist ideology.
Sophia College for Women
Sophia College (Autonomous) is an undergraduate women's college established in 1941 by Society of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. It is affiliated to the University of Mumbai. The governing body of The Society for the Higher Education of Women in India runs the college. The Religious Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus and lay staff form the staff of the college. Sophia, as the name suggests, stands for Wisdom in Greek Σοφία.

University of Mumbai
University of Mumbai is a public state university in Mumbai. It is one of the largest university systems in the world with over 549,000 students on its campuses and affiliated colleges. As of 2013, the university had 711 affiliated colleges.

It was established in 1857 as the University of Bombay following a dispatch from Sir Charles Wood, President of the Board of Control, to Governor-General Lord Dalhousie. There are courses available covering science, commerce and the arts.
Luigi Villoresi
Luigi "Gigi" Villoresi (16 May 1909 – 24 August 1997) was an Italian racing driver, who competed in Formula One from 1950 to 1956.

Villoresi contested 34 Formula One Grands Prix across seven seasons for Italian teams Ferrari, Maserati, Lancia, and Centro Sud. He achieved eight podiums and one fastest lap, finishing fifth in the 1951 and 1953 World Drivers' Championships with Ferrari.

Mille Miglia
The Mille Miglia (Italian pronunciation: [ˈmille ˈmiʎʎa], Thousand Miles) was an open-road, motorsport endurance race established in 1927 by the young Counts Francesco Mazzotti and Aymo Maggi. It took place in Italy 24 times from 1927 to 1957 (13 times before World War II, and 11 times from 1947).

Like the older Targa Florio and later the Carrera Panamericana in Mexico, the MM made grand tourers like Alfa Romeo, BMW, Ferrari, Maserati, Mercedes-Benz, and Porsche famous. The race brought out an estimated 5 million spectators.

From 1953 until 1957, the Mille Miglia was also a round of the World Sports Car Championship.

Since 1977, the "Mille Miglia" has been reborn as a regularity race for classic and vintage cars. Participation is limited to cars, produced no later than 1957, which had attended (or were registered to) the original race. The route (Brescia–Rome round trip) is similar to that of the original race, maintaining the point of departure/arrival in Viale Venezia in Brescia.
1941 Michigan State Spartans football team
The 1941 Michigan State Spartans football team represented Michigan State College as an independent during the 1941 college football season. In their ninth season under head coach Charlie Bachman, the Spartans compiled a 5–3–1 record and lost their annual rivalry game with Michigan by a 19 to 7 score. In inter-sectional play, the team lost to Santa Clara (7–0) and defeated Temple (46–0) and West Virginia (14–12).

Michigan State was ranked at No. 43 (out of 681 teams) in the final rankings under the Litkenhous Difference by Score System for 1941.

1941 Temple Owls football team
The 1941 Temple Owls football team was an American football team that represented Temple University as an independent during the 1941 college football season. In its second season under head coach Ray Morrison, the team compiled a 7–2 record and was outscored by a total of 176 to 146. The team was ranked No. 13 in the AP Poll before losing to Boston College on November 1, 1941.

Back Andy Tomasic was selected by the Associated Press as a first-team player on the 1941 All-Eastern football team. Tackle Hank Zajkowski was named to the second team.

Temple was ranked at No. 68 (out of 681 teams) in the final rankings under the Litkenhous Difference by Score System for 1941.

The team played its home games at Temple Stadium in Philadelphia.
Bandile Shandu
Bandile Shandu (born 19 January 1995) is a South African professional soccer player who plays as a midfielder for the South African Premier Division club Orlando Pirates. He was born in Pietermaritzburg South Africa, and made his professional debut playing for Maritzburg United at the age of seventeen, while attending the high school Maritzburg College.

South African Premiership
The South African Premiership, also known as the Betway Premiership for sponsorship reasons, and commonly referred to as the PSL after its governing body, is a professional soccer league in South Africa and the highest level of the South African soccer league system. It has been organised since 1996.

The 2024–25 season started on 14 September 2024, Mamelodi Sundowns successfully defended the title in 2025 which they've held continuously since the 2017–18 season.
Snyder–Robinson syndrome
Snyder–Robinson syndrome (SRS) is an extremely rare inherited genetic disorder characterized by muscular and skeletal abnormalities, varying degrees of intellectual disability, seizures, and slow development.

SRS is caused by a mutated SMS gene at chromosome Xp21.3-p22.12, which carries instructions for producing the enzyme spermine synthase. Spermine synthase in turn helps the body produce spermine, a polyamine critical to cell processes such as cell division, tissue repair, and apoptosis. The resulting shortage of spermine in cells causes problems with development and brain function, though the exact mechanism is not understood.

The syndrome has also been referred to as Snyder–Robinson X-linked mental retardation syndrome (MRXSSR) and spermine synthase deficiency. SRS exclusively affects males. Only about ten families currently have a child with SRS, and 50 people have been diagnosed worldwide since 1969.

Spermine
Spermine is a polyamine involved in cellular metabolism that is found in all eukaryotic cells.  The precursor for synthesis of spermine is the amino acid ornithine. It is an essential growth factor in some bacteria as well. It is found as a polycation at physiological pH. Spermine is associated with nucleic acids and is thought to stabilize helical structure, particularly in viruses. It functions as an intracellular free radical scavenger to protect DNA from free radical attack. Spermine is the chemical primarily responsible for the characteristic odor of semen.

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek first described crystals of spermine phosphate in human semen in 1678. The name spermin was first used by the German chemists Ladenburg and Abel in 1888, and the correct structure of spermine was established in the 1920s, independently by Dudley, Rosenheim, and Starling in England and by Wrede et al. in Germany.
Flor Almón
María Flor Almón Fernández (Motril, January 15, 1971) is a Spanish politician from the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) who served as the mayor of Motril from 2015 to 2019. She was also a member of the Andalusian Parliament during the 8th and 9th legislatures.

Parliament of Andalusia
The Parliament of Andalusia (Spanish: Parlamento de Andalucía) is the legislature of the Spanish autonomous community of Andalusia instituted by the Andalusian Charter of Autonomy of 1981. It is elected by the residents of Andalusia every four years.
Latin Grammy Award for Best Norteño Album
The Latin Grammy Award for Best Norteño Album is an honor presented annually at the Latin Grammy Awards, a ceremony that recognizes excellence and creates a wider awareness of cultural diversity and contributions of Latin recording artists in the United States and internationally.

The award goes to solo artists, duos, or groups for releasing vocal or instrumental albums containing at least 51% of new recordings in the norteño genre.

Los Tigres del Norte are the most awarded performers with eight accolades in this category and they were also the first recipient of this award in 2000 for the album Herencia de Familia.

42nd Annual Grammy Awards
The 42nd Annual Grammy Awards were held on February 23, 2000, at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, California. They recognized accomplishments by musicians from the year 1999. Nominations were announced on January 4, 2000. Santana was the main recipient with eight Grammys, tying Michael Jackson's record for most awards won in a single night. Santana's album Supernatural was awarded a total of nine awards. Former Mouseketeers and American teen singers (at the time), Britney Spears and Christina Aguilera, were both nominated for Best New Artist, ultimately won by Aguilera.
Twangin...
Twangin... is a 1981 album by Dave Edmunds, and his final recording for Swan Song Records before moving to Columbia Records. The album would also be the last Edmunds solo effort to feature Rockpile.

Twangin... consists mostly of outtakes from previous recording sessions, including one track dating to 1968, a version of "Baby Let's Play House", a rockabilly number made famous by Elvis Presley. The album also features a collaboration with the Stray Cats, whose debut album Edmunds produced.

The album is almost entirely made up of cover songs, including the Wilson Pickett B-side "Three Time Loser" and the George Jones classic "The Race Is On" (with the Stray Cats).

The album art, featuring a portrait of Edmunds, is by Barney Bubbles.

Wilson Pickett
Wilson Pickett (March 18, 1941 – January 19, 2006) was an American singer and songwriter.

A major figure in the development of soul music, Pickett recorded more than 50 songs that made the US R&B charts, many of which crossed over to the Billboard Hot 100. Among his best-known hits are "In the Midnight Hour" (which he co-wrote), "Land of 1000 Dances", "634-5789 (Soulsville, U.S.A.)", "Mustang Sally", "Funky Broadway", "Engine No. 9", and "Don't Knock My Love".

Pickett was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1991, in recognition of his impact on songwriting and recording.
Burning Bush Triptych
The Burning Bush Triptych is a 1475-1476 oil on panel triptych by Nicolas Froment in Aix Cathedral.

Weighing half a ton, René of Anjou commissioned it in 1476 for the tomb designed for his entrails. It originally stood on the altarpiece in the Grands-Carmes convent, destroyed in 1792 during the French Revolution, when it was moved to Aix Cathedral in 1808. After a restoration it was reinstalled in the cathedral's Saint-Lazare chapel late in January 2011.

Nicolas Froment
Nicolas Froment (c. 1435 – c. 1486) was a French painter of the Early Renaissance. Froment is one of the most notable representatives of the Second School of Avignon (École d'Avignon), a group of artists  at the court of the Popes in Avignon, who were located there from 1309 to 1411.

He was influenced by the Flemish style that characterizes the last phase of the Gothic.

He undertook to paint an altarpiece 12 February 1470 in Aix for a rich widow called Catherine Spifami; in the center of the panel is a depicting the Death of Mary, and on the side panels, the Saints Mary Magdalene and Catherine are shown. He was attributed a number of works from this timetime, but none of these attributions can be considered reliable.

One of the most interesting work of this group is the Retable des Pérussis or The Pérussis Altarpiece, depicts the adoration of the empty cross on Golgatha, and is located at the Metropolitan Museum in New York.
Sacramentary of Henry II
The Sacramentary of Henry II (German: Sakramentar Heinrichs II.), also called the Regensburg Sacramentary (Regensburger Sakramentar), is a manuscript of liturgical texts, which was created in Regensburg at the order of Emperor Henry II (r. 995-1024). It is among the most significant works of Ottonian illumination. The manuscript was gifted to Bamberg Cathedral by Henry II, was part of the Cathedral treasury until 1803 when it became part of the Bavarian State Library as a result of Secularisation. It remains there today, stored under the inventory number clm 4456. It is modelled on the Codex Aureus of St. Emmeram donated by Charles the Bald in 870.

Charles the Bald
Charles the Bald (French: Charles le Chauve; 13 June 823 – 6 October 877) was a king of West Francia (843–77), king of Italy (875–77) and emperor of the Carolingian Empire (875–77). After a series of civil wars during the reign of his father, Louis the Pious, Charles succeeded, by the Treaty of Verdun (843), in acquiring the western third of the empire. He was a grandson of Charlemagne and the youngest son of Louis the Pious by his second wife, Judith.
Egerton Phillimore
Egerton Grenville Bagot Phillimore (20 December 1856 – 5 June 1937) was a British antiquarian of Welsh literature, language and history. He published little but was widely regarded as the greatest living expert on Welsh placenames.

Welsh literature
Welsh literature is any literature originating from Wales or by Welsh writers:

Welsh-language literature for literature in the Welsh language

Welsh literature in English for literature in the English language
Alan Bloor
Alan Bloor (born 16 March 1943) is an English former professional footballer and manager. He made 394 league appearances in the Football League for both Potteries teams.

He spent 18 years as a centre-half at Stoke City between 1960 and 1978, helping them to lift the League Cup in 1972, before spending a brief association with Port Vale as a player and manager between 1978 and 1979. He also briefly played for American club Cleveland Stokers in 1967. He is fifth in Stoke's all-time appearances list and was nicknamed "Bluto" by the club's supporters.

Stoke-on-Trent built-up area
The Stoke-on-Trent Built-up Area or The Potteries Urban Area or colloquially, simply "The Potteries" is a conurbation in north Staffordshire in the West Midlands region of England.

It includes the City of Stoke-on-Trent, and parts of the boroughs of Newcastle-under-Lyme and Staffordshire Moorlands.

The area had a population of 384,000 in 2019, a small increase from the 2001 census figure of 362,403 with Stoke-on-Trent making up over 70% of this population. It is sometimes called The Potteries Urban Area due to the area's fame and economic importance for the manufacture of Staffordshire pottery, an important element in the Industrial Revolution, which remained a large industry until the 20th century.
Sagano Scenic Railway
The Sagano Scenic Railway (嵯峨野観光鉄道, Sagano Kankō Tetsudō) or Sagano Sightseeing Railway is a wholly owned subsidiary of West Japan Railway Company (JR West) that operates the Sagano Scenic Line (嵯峨野観光線, Sagano Kankō-sen), Sagano Sight-seeing Line, or Sagano Romantic Train (嵯峨野トロッコ列車, Sagano Torokko Ressha, Lit."'Sagano Minecart Train"') in Kyoto.

The line uses superseded tracks of the Sagano Line (officially a portion of the San'in Main Line) of JR West, from Torokko Saga in Arashiyama, and passes a gorge offering a scenic view along the Hozu River, then enters and terminates in the basin of Kameoka. It is closed on Wednesdays and in the winter.

The line is locally known as "Torokko in Hozu gorge". Torokko is a Japanese word derived from the English "truck" once used for mining cars hauling ore, but presently means rail carriages basic accommodation and open sides.

Minecart
A minecart, mine cart, or mine car (or more rarely mine trolley or mine hutch), is a type of rolling stock found on a mine railway, used for transporting ore and materials procured in the process of traditional mining. Minecarts are seldom used in modern operations, having largely been superseded in underground operations (especially coal mines) by more efficient belt conveyor systems that allow machines such as longwall shearers and continuous miners to operate at their full capacity, and above ground by large dumpers.
Ampelopsin
Ampelopsin, also known as dihydromyricetin and DHM, when used as an herbal medicine, is a flavanonol, a type of flavonoid. It is extracted from the Japanese raisin tree and found in Ampelopsis species japonica, megalophylla, and grossedentata; Cercidiphyllum japonicum;  Hovenia dulcis; Rhododendron cinnabarinum; some Pinus species; and some Cedrus species, as well as in Salix sachalinensis.

Hovenia dulcis has been used in traditional Japanese, Chinese, and Korean medicines to treat fever, parasitic infection, as a laxative, and a treatment of liver diseases, and as a hangover treatment. Methods have been developed to extract ampelopsin on a larger scale, and laboratory research has been conducted with the compound to see if it might be useful as a drug in any of the conditions for which the parent plant has been traditionally used.

Kampo
Kampo or Kanpō medicine (漢方医学, Kanpō igaku), often known simply as Kanpō (漢方; Chinese medicine), is the study of traditional medicine in Japan following its introduction, beginning in the 7th century. It was adapted and modified to suit Japanese culture and traditions. Traditional Japanese medicine uses most of the Chinese methods, including acupuncture, moxibustion, traditional Chinese herbology, and traditional food therapy.
1860 Vermont elections
The Vermont Election in 1860 consisted of elections for federal, state, and local elections. All state offices were for two years. All terms expired in 1862. Elections included the gubernatorial, all state offices, including all state senators and representatives, the federal Congress and the presidential.

Seats were distributed two state senate seats per county; 1 state lower house seat per town or city.

Voters elected 29 Republicans to the state senate and 1 Democrat. They elected 211 Republicans to the lower house; 25 Democrats.

Vermont Senate
The Vermont Senate is the upper house of the Vermont General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Vermont. The senate consists of 30 members elected from multi-member districts. Each senator represents at least 20,300 citizens. Senators are elected to two-year terms and there is no limit to the number of terms a senator may serve.

As in other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the U.S. Senate, the Vermont Senate has special functions, such as confirming or rejecting gubernatorial appointments to executive departments, the state cabinet, commissions, boards, and (for the first six-year term) the state's judiciary.

The Vermont Senate meets at the Vermont State House in the state capital of Montpelier.
Nezura 1964
Nezura 1964 (ネズラ1964, Nezura Ichikyūrokuyon) is a 2020 Japanese crowdfunded kaiju biopic film directed by Hiroto Yokokawa. The film was based on Daiei Film's unfinished 1964 Gamera precursor Giant Horde Beast Nezura (jp) and stars Yukijirō Hotaru as a character based on the president of Daiei, Mai Saitō, Mach Fumiake, and Shirō Sano. Yokokawa later reused its props for a 2021 short film Yatsuashi (Japanese: ヤツアシ), which was based on Giant Sea Demon Dagora (Japanese: 大海魔ダゴラ, Hepburn: Daikaima Dagora), a scrapped Daiei film before Giant Horde Beast Nezura.

Prop
A prop, formally known as a (theatrical) property, is an object  actors use on stage or screen during a performance or screen production. In practical terms, a prop is considered to be anything movable or portable on a stage or a set, distinct from the actors, scenery, costumes, and electrical equipment. This includes handheld items such as books, cups, weapons, and tools that actors interact with during a performance. Props help to create a realistic setting, convey information, or add to the storytelling by showing details about the characters or the environment.
Kaladhungi Assembly constituency
Kaladhungi is one of the 70 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Uttarakhand state in India.

It includes the Kaladhungi and Kotabagh area as well as wards 34 to 55 in the Haldwani Municipal Corporation.

It is part of Nainital district.

Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly
The Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly, also known as the Uttarakhand Vidhan Sabha (formerly the Uttaranchal Legislative Assembly), is a unicameral governing and law making body of Uttarakhand, one of the 28 states of India. It is seated at Dehradun, the winter capital, and Gairsain, the summer capital of Uttarakhand. The total strength of the assembly is 71 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLA).

As of March 2022, Pushkar Singh Dhami is the current Chief Minister of Uttarakhand and Leader of the House in the 5th Vidhan Sabha. The Speaker of the Assembly is Ritu Khanduri Bhushan. Gurmit Singh is the current Governor of Uttarakhand.
Mueang Chiang Mai district
Mueang Chiang Mai (Thai: เมืองเชียงใหม่, pronounced [mɯ̄aŋ tɕʰīaŋ màj]; Northern Thai: ᨾᩮᩬᩥᨦᨩ᩠ᨿᨦᩉᩲ᩠ᨾ᩵, pronounced [mɯ̄aŋ tɕīaŋ màj]) is the capital district (amphoe mueang) of Chiang Mai province in northern Thailand. The district contains the city municipality of Chiang Mai and is part of the Chiang Mai urban area (population: 1.2 million).

Chiang Mai province
Chiang Mai is the largest province (changwat) of Thailand by area. It lies in upper northern Thailand and has a population of 1.78 million people. It is bordered by Chiang Rai to the northeast, Lampang and Lamphun to the south, Tak to the southwest, Mae Hong Son to the west, and Shan State of Burma to the north. The capital, Chiang Mai, is 685 kilometres (426 mi) north of Bangkok.
Martinsburg Mining, Manufacturing & Improvement Co. Historic District
Martinsburg Mining, Manufacturing & Improvement Co. Historic District is a national historic district located at Martinsburg, Berkeley County, West Virginia. It encompasses 289 contributing buildings located within 19 city blocks and built between 1891 and 1952.  It includes a residential area developed by the Martinsburg Mining, Manufacturing & Improvement Co. as worker housing.  They are one to 2+1⁄2-story, single family, detached, semi-detached, and multi-unit housing built in wood frame, brick or brick veneer, and concrete block. Also located in the district is the Gothic Revival-style St. Luke's United Methodist Church. It includes examples of vernacular interpretations of popular architectural styles including Queen Anne, American Four Square, and Bungalow styles.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

Berkeley County, West Virginia
Berkeley County is located in the Shenandoah Valley in the eastern panhandle region of West Virginia in the United States. The county is part of the Hagerstown–Martinsburg metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the county population was 122,076, making it the second-most populous of West Virginia's 55 counties, behind Kanawha County. The City of Martinsburg is the county seat.