hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vocal warm-up
A vocal warm-up is a series of exercises meant to prepare the voice for singing, acting, or other use.

Vocal warm-ups are essential exercises for singers to enhance vocal performance and reduce the sense of effort required for singing. Research demonstrates that engaging in vocal warm-ups can temporarily elevate vocal effort, which normalizes after a short rest, enhancing vocal readiness for performance.

Acting
Acting is an activity in which a story is told by means of its enactment by an actor who adopts a character—in theatre, television, film, radio, or any other medium that makes use of the mimetic mode.

Acting involves a broad range of skills, including a well-developed imagination, emotional facility, physical expressivity, vocal projection, clarity of speech, and the ability to interpret drama. Acting also demands an ability to employ dialects, accents, improvisation, observation and emulation, mime, and stage combat. Many actors train at length in specialist programs or colleges to develop these skills. The vast majority of professional actors have gone through extensive training. Actors and actresses will often have many instructors and teachers for a full range of training involving singing, scene-work, audition techniques, and acting for camera.

Most early sources in the West that examine the art of acting (Ancient Greek: ὑπόκρισις, hypokrisis) discuss it as part of rhetoric.
Melbourne Glaciarium
The Melbourne Glaciarium (also known as the Glaci) opened in 1906, the second indoor ice skating facility built in Australia after the Adelaide Glaciarium. The Glaci hosted the first game of ice hockey played in Australia and was the home of the first ice hockey association in Australia. At the time the Melbourne Glaciarium was opened, it was the 3rd largest indoor ice rink in the world.  The rink closed in 1957 and was destroyed by fire in 1963.

Hockey puck
A hockey puck is either an open or closed disk used in a variety of sports and games. There are designs made for use on an ice surface, such as in ice hockey, and others for the different variants of floor hockey which includes the wheeled skate variant of inline hockey (a.k.a. roller hockey). They are all designed to serve the same function a ball does in ball games.

A closed disk hockey puck having the shape of a short cylinder made of vulcanized rubber is used in the sport of ice hockey. Hockey pucks are designed for use on either an ice surface, dry floor, or underwater, though open disk designs have only been used on floors.

Open disk hockey pucks have a hole, forming the shape of a toroid, for use in a particular style of floor hockey. They should not be confused with ringette rings, which are toruses, for use in the sport of ringette.
4-Nitrobenzaldehyde
4-Nitrobenzaldehyde is an organic compound with the formula O2NC6H4CHO.  It is one of three isomers of nitrobenzaldehyde. It contains a nitro group para-substituted to an aldehyde.

4-Nitrobenzaldehyde is obtained by oxidation of 4-nitrotoluene or hydrolysis of 4-nitrobenzalbromide:

O2NC6H4CHBr2 +  H2O   →   O2NC6H4CHO +  2 HBr

In the laboratory, the oxidation is achieved with chromium(VI) oxide in acetic anhydride, which affords nitrobenzyldiacetate.

Aldehyde
In organic chemistry, an aldehyde (/ˈældɪhaɪd/) (lat. alcohol dehydrogenatum, dehydrogenated alcohol) is an organic compound containing a functional group with the structure R−CH=O. The functional group itself (without the "R" side chain) can be referred to as an aldehyde but can also be classified as a formyl group. Aldehydes are a common motif in many chemicals important in technology and biology.
His Bones are Coral
His Bones are Coral is a 1955 thriller novel by the British writer Victor Canning. It was published in the United States with the alternative title of Twist of the Knife. The title is a reference to William Shakespeare's Full fathom five from The Tempest.

Ariel's Song
"Ariel's song" is a verse passage in Scene ii of Act I of William Shakespeare's The Tempest. It consists of two stanzas to be delivered by the spirit Ariel, in the hearing of Ferdinand. In performance it is sometimes sung and sometimes spoken. There is an extant musical setting of the second stanza by Shakespeare's contemporary Robert Johnson, which may have been used in the original production around 1611.

It is the origin of the phrase "full fathom five", after which there are many cultural references, and is an early written record of the phrase sea change.

Through its use of rhyme, rhythm, assonance, and alliteration, the poem sounds like a spell.
Philadelphia Journal
The Philadelphia Journal was a tabloid newspaper published in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from December 5, 1977, until December 15, 1981.  The paper, described by the Associated Press, as "a tabloid that focused on sports, entertainment and crime", was the first venture into the United States market for the parent corporation, Quebecor, a Canadian publishing house.

Tabloid (newspaper format)
A tabloid is a newspaper format characterized by its compact size, smaller than a broadsheet. The term originates from the 19th century, when the London-based pharmaceutical company Burroughs Wellcome & Co. used the term to describe compressed pills, later adopted by newspapers to denote condensed content. There are two main types of tabloid newspaper: red tops and compact, distinguished by editorial style.

Red top tabloids are distinct from broadsheet newspapers, which traditionally cater to more affluent, educated audiences with in-depth reporting and analysis. However, the line between tabloids and broadsheets has blurred in recent decades, as many broadsheet newspapers have adopted tabloid or compact formats to reduce costs and attract readers.

Globally, the tabloid format has been adapted to suit regional preferences and media landscapes. In countries like Germany and Australia, tabloids such as Bild and The Daily Telegraph have significant readerships and political clout.
Big Hollow (Wisconsin)
Big Hollow (elevation: 758 feet (231 m)) is a valley in Sauk County, in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It runs approximately three miles long and three miles wide, and is located in the town of Spring Green. Big Hollow is recognized for a large-scale wetland restoration project that provides significant ecological benefits to the region, particularly flood attenuation, water quality protection, and improved habitats.

Big Hollow was named from its relatively large size.

Sauk County, Wisconsin
Sauk County is a county in Wisconsin. It is named after a large village of the Sauk people. As of the 2020 census, the population was 65,763. Its county seat and largest city is Baraboo. The county was created in 1840 from Wisconsin Territory and organized in 1844. Sauk County comprises the Baraboo, WI Micropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Greater Madison area.
Georgia Generals
Georgia Generals were a professional soccer team in the United States. They played for one season (1982) in the ASL. They were formed when the Cleveland Cobras franchise moved to Atlanta, Georgia. Their owner was Walt Russell. They played their games at DeKalb Memorial Stadium in Clarkston.

Walter B. Russell Jr.
Walter Brown Russell Jr. (July 24, 1929 – May 17, 2016) was an American soldier, state legislator, county commissioner, and lawyer. He served in Korea and Vietnam. After being retired from the U.S. Army because of a wound to his head, Russell graduated from law school, was elected to the Georgia House of Representatives and later to the chair of the Dekalb County commissioners. He practiced law after leaving public office.
Azerbaijan Cycling Federation
The Azerbaijan Cycling Federation (in Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Velosiped İdmani Federasiyasi) is the national governing body of cycle racing in Azerbaijan. It was founded in 1997 and is a member of the UCI and the UEC.

The federation organizes the Azerbaijani National Road Race Championships and the Tour d'Azerbaïdjan, and hosted the 2018 UCI BMX World Championships. Riders from Azerbaijan have repeatedly competed at the UCI Road World Championships between 2012 and 2020.

2018 UCI BMX World Championships
The 2018 UCI BMX World Championships was the 23rd edition of the UCI BMX World Championships and took place at the BMX VeloPark in Baku, Azerbaijan from 5 to 9 June 2018.

Just as at the 2017 edition, four medal events were held.
Manas District
Manas (Kyrgyz: Манас району) is a district of Talas Region in north-western Kyrgyzstan. Its area is 1,198 square kilometres (463 sq mi), and its resident population was 37,505 in 2021. The administrative seat lies at Pokrovka.

The district is named after the mythical Kyrgyz national hero, Manas, who is said to have been born in the Alatau mountains in the raion. A few kilometers outside Talas lies a mausoleum, supposedly that of Manas, called the Kümböz Manas. However, the inscription on its richly decorated facade dedicates it to "...the most glorious of women Kenizek-Khatun, the daughter of the Emir Abuka".

The building, known as "Manastin Khumbuzu" or "The Ghumbez of Manas", is thought to have been built in 1334. It now contains a museum dedicated to the epic. A ceremonial mound also lies nearby.

Manas Ordo
Manas Ordo (Kyrgyz and Russian: Манас Ордо, [mɑnɑs ordó]) is a modern historical park (with a museum) built around Manas's Kümböz (Kyrgyz: Манастын күмбөзү, [mɑnɑstɯn kymbœzy]; Russian: Кумбез Манаса), a Karakhanid-era mausoleum most likely built around 1334 thought to be the final resting place of the Kyrgyz epic hero Manas.  Among the Kyrgyz, the site has status as a mazar.

The mausoleum looks similar to other monuments from the 14th century, with kufic script around the outside edge of the monument.
Marconi Pass
The Marconi Pass is a mountain pass and a border crossing between the Republic of Argentina and the Republic of Chile. It is located in the northeast of the Southern Patagonian Ice Field. The pass connects the commune of O'Higgins in the Aysén Region with the Lago Argentino Department in the Province of Santa Cruz.

It serves as one of the entry points to the Bernardo O'Higgins National Park, monitored by CONAF.

The pass lies near Cerro Gorra Blanca and the Eduardo García Soto Chilean shelter, established in 2004 by the Chilean Institute of Ice Fields.

The nearest settlements are El Chaltén in Argentina and Candelario Mancilla in Chile.

Lago Argentino Department
Lago Argentino Department is one of the seven departments in Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. It has an area of 37,292 km2 and had a population of 25,586 at the 2022 Census. The seat of the department is in El Calafate.

Lago Argentino is a major lake in the department, in the foothills of the Andes.
159th Fighter Squadron
The 159th Fighter Squadron (159 FS) is a unit of the Florida Air National Guard's 125th Fighter Wing (125 FW) located at Jacksonville Air National Guard Base at Jacksonville International Airport, Florida. The 159th is currently equipped with the F-35A Lightning II as of 2025.

United States Northern Command
The United States Northern Command (USNORTHCOM) is one of the eleven unified combatant commands of the United States Department of Defense. The command is tasked with providing military support for non-military authorities in the U.S., and protecting the territory and national interests of the United States within the continental United States, Puerto Rico, Canada, Mexico, The Bahamas, Greenland (Denmark) and the air, land and sea approaches to these areas. It is the U.S. military command which, if applicable, would be the primary defender against an invasion of the U.S.

USNORTHCOM was created on 25 April 2002 when President George W. Bush approved a new Unified Command Plan, following the September 11 attacks. USNORTHCOM went operational on 1 October 2002.
Yeni Mosque
Yeni Mosque (from Turkish: Yeni Cami) or New Mosque can refer to:

New Mosque, Istanbul, Turkey

New Mosque, Bitola, North Macedonia

New Mosque, Malatya, Turkey

Djamaa el Djedid ('New Mosque') in Algiers, Algeria

Yeni Mosque, Edessa, Greece

Yeni Mosque, Komotini, Greece

Yeni Mosque, Larissa, Greece

Yeni Mosque, Mytilene, Greece

Yeni Mosque, Thessaloniki, Greece

Yeni Jami, Nicosia, Cyprus

Yeni Mosque, Mytilene
The Yeni Mosque (Greek: Γενί Τζαμί, from Turkish: Yeni Cami, lit. 'New Mosque') is a former mosque in partial ruins, located in Mytilene on the island of Lesbos, in the North Aegean region of Greece. It was built in 1825 by local governor Mustafa Agha Koulaxiz, the largest and newest of the Ottoman era mosques on the island. The greater complex eventually included a madrasa, mufti's rooms, and a cemetery. In 1923, following the Balkan Wars, the Muslim population left Lesbos, and the mosque was abandoned. Over the decades it accumulated significant wear resulting in its roof collapsing. Some restoration works were completed in the early 2000s.
Tom Mullady
Thomas Francis Mullady (born January 30, 1957) is an American former professional football player who was a tight end and wide receiver for the New York Giants of the National Football League (NFL) from 1979 to 1984. He played college football for the Rhodes Lynx and was selected by the Buffalo Bills in the seventh round of the 1979 NFL draft.

Mullady graduated from The McCallie School in Chattanooga, Tennessee. in 1975 where he was a member of the varsity football team.  His teammate at McCallie, Ed Smith (linebacker), also went on to a successful pro football career.

1979 NFL draft
The 1979 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players. It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting. The draft was held May 3–4, 1979, at the Waldorf Astoria Hotel in New York City, New York. The league also held a supplemental draft after the regular draft and before the regular season.

The Buffalo Bills held the first overall pick in the draft, acquired from the San Francisco 49ers in the trade which sent O. J. Simpson to his hometown team. The Bills' selection at No. 1, Ohio State linebacker Tom Cousineau, refused to sign with the Bills and instead signed a lucrative deal with the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League.
Punjab FC
Punjab Football Club (formerly known as RoundGlass Punjab FC) is an Indian professional football club founded in Mohali, Punjab. The club competes in the Indian Super League, the top flight of the Indian football league system. It was the first club to win promotion into the Indian Super League, doing so after winning the 2022–23 I-League title.

Indian football league system
The Indian football league system is the league structure of football club competitions in India. The highest level of men's club football competition is the Indian Super League. Indian Women's League, founded in 2016, is the highest level of women's football club competition in India.
Breheny
Breheny is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jack Breheny (1910–2009), Australian politician

Martin Breheny, Irish journalist and sportswriter

Michael Breheny (1948–2003), English professor of planning

Steve Breheny (born 1954), Australian basketball player

Tommy Breheny (born 1967/1968), Gaelic football manager

Michael Breheny
Michael Breheny (30 October 1948 – 11 February 2003) was professor of planning at Reading University. He specialised in the planning and management of new economic growth sectors during the post-industrial growth phase in Europe in the 1980s and 1990s.
Sabulina stolonifera
Sabulina stolonifera is a rare species of flowering plant in the pink family known by the common names Scott Mountain sandwort and stolon sandwort.

It is endemic to Siskiyou County, California, where it is known from only two occurrences in the Scott Mountains of the Klamath Range.

It is a member of the serpentine soils flora in the area, growing amidst Jeffrey Pines with other rare local plants such as the Mt. Eddy lupine (Lupinus lapidicola).

Pinus jeffreyi
Pinus jeffreyi, also known as Jeffrey pine, Jeffrey's pine, yellow pine and black pine, is a North American pine tree. It is mainly found in California, but also in the westernmost part of Nevada, southwestern Oregon, and northern Baja California.: 4  It is named in honor of its botanist documenter John Jeffrey.
Languages of Spain
The majority of languages of Spain belong to the Romance language family, of which Spanish is the only one with official status in the whole country. Others, including Catalan/Valencian (in Catalonia, Valencia and the Balearic Islands) and Galician (in Galicia), enjoy official status in their respective autonomous regions, similar to Basque in the northeast of the country (a non-Romance language isolate). A number of other languages and dialects belonging to the Romance continuum exist in Spain, such as Aragonese, Asturian, Fala and Aranese Occitan.

Bien de Interés Cultural
Bien de Interés Cultural (Basque: Kultura Intereseko Ondasun, Catalan: Bé d'Interès Cultural, Valencian: Bé d'Interés Cultural, Galician: Ben de Interese Cultural) is a category of the heritage register in Spain. The term is also used in Colombia and other Spanish-speaking countries.

The term literally means a "good of cultural interest" ("goods" in the economic sense). It includes not only material heritage (cultural property), like monuments or movable works of art, but also intangible cultural heritage, such as the Silbo Gomero language.

Some bienes enjoy international protection as World Heritage Sites or Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
Parament
Paraments or parements (from Late Latin paramentum, "adornment", parare, "to prepare", "equip") are both the hangings or ornaments of a room of state, and the ecclesiastical vestments. Paraments include the liturgical hangings on and around the altar, such as altar cloths, as well as the cloths hanging from the pulpit and lectern, and in the ecclesiastical vestments category they include humeral veils and mitres.

In most Christian churches using paraments (including Roman Catholic and a wide variety of Protestant denominations), the liturgical paraments change in color depending on the season of the church year.

Advent - purple (or in some traditions, blue)

Christmas - white

Lent - purple

Easter - white

Pentecost, Good Friday and the feasts of martyrs - red

Ordinary time - green

All Souls' Day, Requiem Masses - black (optionally purple)

Altar cloth
An altar cloth is used in the Christian liturgy to cover the altar. It serves as a sign of reverence as well as a decoration and a protection of the altar and the sacred vessels. In Orthodox churches it is covered by the antimension, which also contains the relics of saints.

Since the 2nd century the altar cloth has been seen as a symbol for the shroud of Jesus Christ; therefore it should be made of white linen. Another interpretation used two cloths and compared them with the body and soul of Christ.
Espen Bergh
Espen Bergh (born 1961) is a Norwegian judge.

He was born in Oslo, and graduated with the cand.jur. degree in 1987. In 1989 he was hired in the Ministry of Justice, and after a tenure as deputy judge in Ytre Follo from 1992 to 1994 he continued in the Ministry until 1999. He moved to the law firm Wiersholm before serving as a judge in Borgarting Court of Appeal from 2005. He was appointed as a Supreme Court Justice in 2016.

Follo District Court
Follo District Court (Norwegian: Follo tingrett) was a district court in Akershus county, Norway. The court was based in the town of Ski in Nordre Follo Municipality. The court had jurisdiction over the district of Follo and it existed until 2021. It had jurisdiction over the municipalities of Enebakk, Frogn, Nesodden, Nordre Follo Municipality, Vestby, and Ås. Cases from this court could be appealed to Borgarting Court of Appeal.

The court was a court of first instance. Its judicial duties were mainly to settle criminal cases and to resolve civil litigation as well as bankruptcy. The administration and registration tasks of the court included death registration, issuing certain certificates, performing duties of a notary public, and officiating civil wedding ceremonies. Cases from this court were heard by a combination of professional judges and lay judges.
Plasma Science Society of India
Plasma Science Society of India was founded in 1978 at Institute for Plasma Research, Ahmedabad in India for the benefit of the fusion community working on plasma. This serves the thrive for knowledge towards the fusion research in the field of theoretical and experimental research, it associated with India Science, Technology and Innovation, . The devices are SST-1, SINP-Tokamak, AdityaTokamak, SST-2 (DEMO) to generate the electricity.There are over 950 life-member of this society along with number of annual members.

SST-1 (tokamak)
SST-1 (or Steady State Superconducting Tokamak) is a plasma confinement experimental device in the Institute for Plasma Research (IPR), an autonomous research institute under Department of Atomic Energy, India. It belongs to a new generation of tokamaks with the major objective being steady state operation of an advanced configuration ('D' Shaped) plasma. It has been designed as a medium-sized tokamak with superconducting magnets.

The SST-1 project helped India become capable of conceptualizing and making a fully functional fusion based reactor device.  The SST-1 System is housed in Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar. 
The SST-1 mission has been led by Indian plasma physicists Prof. Y.C. Saxena, Dr. Chenna Reddy, Dr. Subrata Pradhan and Dr. Daniel Raju (presently).

SST-1 will be followed by a larger machine SST-2 before building the Indian DEMO fusion power plant.
Athra Alliance
The Athra Alliance (Syriac: ܒܪܩܝܡܐ ܕܐܬܼܪܐ, Arabic: تحالف اثرا) is a political alliance of five political parties in Iraq that represent the Chaldean-Syriac-Assyrian people. The alliance comprises these five parties:

Assyrian Democratic Movement

Assyrian Patriotic Party

Beth Nahrin Patriotic Union

Chaldean Syriac Assyrian Popular Council

Bet-Nahrain Democratic Party

The alliance was initially hailed as a major breakthrough for Chaldean-Syriac-Assyrian people in Iraq, believing that a uniting political force was needed to regain political representation. Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East, Awa III, noted the necessity of unity amongst Assyrian political parties, citing the Athra Alliance as a step in the right direction.

2023 Iraqi governorate elections
Governorate or provincial elections were scheduled to be held in Iraq on 20 April 2020, to replace the provincial councils in the governorates of Iraq that were elected in the 2013 Iraqi governorate elections and, in Kurdistan Region, in the 2014 elections. The elections were delayed indefinitely in November 2019, amidst demonstrations demanding the end of the existing political system.

In the summer of 2020, after protests around the country specifically demanded the dissolution of provincial administrations, the ruling parties decided to postpone any decision on when to hold new provincial elections until after the early parliamentary election planned for October 2021.

In March 2023, Iraq's parliament passed a resolution setting the provincial elections on 18 December 2023. Campaigning started on 1 November.
Siege of Pemaquid (1689)
The siege of Pemaquid (August 2–3, 1689) was a successful attack by a large band of Abenaki Indians on the English fort at Pemaquid, Fort Charles, then the easternmost outpost of colonial Massachusetts (present-day Bristol, Maine).  The French-Abenaki attack was led by Jean-Vincent d'Abbadie de Saint-Castin and Father Louis-Pierre Thury and Chief Moxus. The fall of Pemaquid was a significant setback to the English. It pushed the frontier back to Casco (Falmouth), Maine.

Falmouth, Maine
Falmouth (/ˈfælməθ/ FAL-məth) is a town in Cumberland County, Maine, United States. The population was 12,444 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan area.

A northern suburb of Portland, Falmouth borders Casco Bay and offers one of the largest anchorages in Maine. The town is home to three private golf clubs and the Portland Yacht Club.