hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chatham Vase
The Chatham Vase is a stone sculpture by John Bacon commissioned as a memorial to William Pitt the Elder by his wife, Hester, Countess of Chatham. It was originally erected at their house in Burton Pynsent in 1781. It was subsequently moved to Stowe House but sold in 1848, then purchased in 1857 by a member of the family and installed at Revesby Abbey. It was moved to the grounds of Chevening House in 1934, where it currently resides. It is currently grade II listed.

Hester Pitt, Countess of Chatham
Hester Pitt, Countess of Chatham (née Grenville; 8 November 1720 – 9 April 1803) was the wife of William Pitt the Elder, 1st Earl of Chatham, who was prime minister of Great Britain from 1766 to 1768.

The sister of George Grenville, who was prime minister from 1763 to 1765, she was also the mother of Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger and a niece of the noted Whig politician Richard Temple, 1st Viscount Cobham, who had served as her husband's mentor.

Chatham and Elizabeth Grenville, her sister-in-law, are the only two women in British history to have been both the wife of a prime minister and the mother of another prime minister.
Geodynamics of terrestrial exoplanets
The discovery of extrasolar Earth-sized planets has encouraged research into their potential for habitability. One of the generally agreed requirements for a life-sustaining planet is a mobile, fractured lithosphere cyclically recycled into a vigorously convecting mantle, in a process commonly known as plate tectonics. Plate tectonics provide a means of geochemical regulation of atmospheric particulates, as well as removal of carbon from the atmosphere. This prevents a “runaway greenhouse” effect that can result in inhospitable surface temperatures and vaporization of liquid surface water. Planetary scientists have not reached a consensus on whether Earth-like exoplanets have plate tectonics, but it is widely thought that the likelihood of plate tectonics on an Earth-like exoplanet is a function of planetary radius, initial temperature upon coalescence, insolation, and presence or absence of liquid-phase surface water.

Planetary habitability
Planetary habitability is a measure used in astrobiology to characterize a planet's or a natural satellite's potential to develop and sustain an environment hospitable to life. The Planetary Habitability Laboratory maintains a catalog of potentially habitable exoplanets.
Ethan Lowe
Ethan Lowe (born 20 March 1991) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played as a goal kicking second-row for the North Queensland Cowboys and South Sydney Rabbitohs in the NRL.

Lowe was a member of the North Queensland Cowboys' 2015 NRL Grand Final and 2016 World Club Challenge winning sides and played for Queensland in the 2019 State of Origin series.

Northern Pride RLFC
Northern Pride Rugby League Football Club is a semi-professional Queensland rugby league club based in Cairns. Founded in 2007 they represent Far North Queensland, and compete in Queensland's top rugby league competition, QRL's Queensland Cup.

Since 2008, the club have been minor-premiers three times (2013, 2014 and 2024), and have appeared in ten finals series, reaching the Grand Final three times (runners-up in 2009 and winners in 2010 and 2014). In 2014 they won the NRL State Championship.

Along with the Mackay Cutters they are a feeder club to National Rugby League's North Queensland Cowboys.
Telecommunications in Belgium
Communications in Belgium are extensive and advanced. Belgium possesses the infrastructure for both mobile and land-based telecom, as well as having significant television, radio and internet infrastructure. The country code for Belgium is BE.

Numericable
Numericable was a major French cable operator and telecommunications services company. The company provides cable broadband services in France, Luxembourg and Portugal, offering digital and analog television, Internet, and mobile phone services. It is a cable television provider and high-speed internet access provider in metropolitan France.

Originally created in 2006 from the merger between Noos and NC Numericable networks, Numericable was listed on the NYSE Euronext in 2013.

In 2014, Numericable made an offer to buy Vivendi's SFR telecommunications affiliate, France's second largest provider, and merged with SFR to form Numericable-SFR. In April 2016, the merged company adopted the SFR name across all its businesses.
Pat Lindsay
Patrick J. Lindsay (born 1950) is an Irish former Gaelic footballer who played for club sides St Faithleach's, Glencar and Shannon Gaels and at inter-county level with the Roscommon senior football team.

Connacht Minor Football Championship
The Connacht Minor Football Championship is an annual Gaelic football competition organised by the Connacht Council of the Gaelic Athletic Association since 1928 for the youngest competitors (under-18 until 2017, now under-17) in the province of Connacht in Ireland. It is currently sponsored by Electric Ireland and therefore officially known as the Electric Ireland Connacht GAA Football Minor Championship.

The series of games are played during the summer months with the Connacht final currently being played in July. The minor final provides the curtain-raiser to the senior final.

The Connacht Championship is an integral part of the wider All-Ireland Minor Football Championship.  The winners of the Connacht final, like their counterparts in the other provincial championships, are rewarded by advancing to the quarter-final stage of the All-Ireland series of games. The losers of the Connacht final also enter the All-Ireland series at the quarter-final stage.
Gunpowder Plot in popular culture
The Gunpowder Plot was a failed assassination attempt against King James VI of Scotland and I of England by a group of provincial English Catholics led by Robert Catesby.  The conspirators' aim was to blow up the House of Lords at the State Opening of Parliament on 5 November 1605, while the king and many other important members of the aristocracy and nobility were inside.  The conspirator who became most closely associated with the plot in the popular imagination was Guy Fawkes, who had been assigned the task of lighting the fuse to the explosives.

David Lloyd (comics)
David Lloyd (born 1950) is an English comics artist best known as the illustrator of the story V for Vendetta, written by Alan Moore, and the designer of its anarchist protagonist V and the modern Guy Fawkes/V mask, the latter going on to become a symbol of protest.

Other series he has illustrated include Wasteland, Espers, Hellblazer, Global Frequency, The Territory, and licensed properties such as Aliens and James Bond. In 2012 Lloyd established Aces Weekly, an online comics anthology.
Roseomonas arctica
Roseomonas arctica is a species of Gram negative, strictly aerobic, coccobacilli-shaped, psychrotrophic, light red-colored bacteria. It was first isolated from soil in the glacier foreland of Ny-Ålesund in Svalbard, Norway. The species name refers to the Arctic region from which it was first isolated.

Roseomonas arcticisoli was also isolated from the same region, but R. arcticisoli is more closely related to R. wooponensis than to R. arctica.

The optimum growth temperature for R. arctica is 18-20 °C, but can grow in the 4-25 °C range. The optimum pH is 6.0-7.0, and can grow in pH 4.0-8.0.

Roseomonas wooponensis
Roseomonas wooponensis is a species of Gram negative, strictly aerobic, coccobacilli-shaped, light red-colored bacteria. It was first isolated from freshwater in the Woopo wetland in Changyeong, Gyeongnam Province, South Korea, and the species was proposed in 2015. The species name refers to the Woopo wetland where the species was first isolated.

The optimum growth temperature for R. wooponensis is 35-37 °C, but can grow in the 15-40 °C range. The optimum pH is 7.0, and can grow in pH 6.0-8.0.
Umunoha
UmunohaListenⓘ is a town in south-eastern Nigeria near the city of Owerri. It is an Igbo town. Umunoha is south of Eziama Obiato and Afara communities; and is North and Northeast of Ogbaku, Azara Obiato and Ejemekwuru communities; and is north and northwest of Ifakala and Afara communities. It is served by the great east–west road, the Port-Harcourt-Lagos Highway. Umunoha is about thirteen kilometers from Owerri, the Imo State capital. It is a small, compact but thickly populated community with a projected 1997 population of twenty-five thousand people.

Eziama Obiato
Eziama Obiato is a town in Mbaitoli Local Government Area of Imo State, southeastern Nigeria. It is about 18 kilometers to the city of Owerri. The town is strategically located as it shares common boundaries with four other Local Government Areas in Imo State. It is bordered by Awo-Omamma (Oru East), Umu-ofor/Akabo (Oguta LGA), Amazano/Umuaka (Njaba LGA), Afara and Umunoha (both in Mbaitoli LGA). Eziama Obiato is home to the popular "Ukwuorji" Bus Stop on the Owerri/Onitsha Road.

The town is home to the mysterious palm tree with three stems/branches. Many indigenes of the town share the belief that the Palm Tree is a symbol of unity and progress, and thus each branch represents the three villages  (Obi-ato) of the town.  The villages are in this order of seniority: Ezioha (formerly known as Otura) comprising Ezioha-Ukwu, Ezioha-Amaibo, Umuele and Ogwa. Umuagha consists of Umudim-Emeroha, Obo'kika and Umu-ekpu. Nkwokwu is made of Umuduruafor, Umufere and Obabor.
Platitude (band)
Platitude was a Swedish progressive power metal band formed in 1995, however a permanent line-up was not established until 1997. After three demos, they signed a deal with the Italian label Scarlet Records in the spring of 2002. They released three albums before disbanding in 2008.

In late October 2005, new deals were signed with the German Metal Heaven and Japanese King Records for distribution in Europe and Japan respectively.

In May 2003, Platitude joined the Danish heavy metal band Manticora on a European tour and later the same year supported the British progressive metal band Threshold. They have played gigs all over Europe including opening for Finnish power metal band Sonata Arctica in 2004 at a show in Copenhagen.

Since their dissolution in 2008, several band members have been involved in other projects.

Manticora (band)
Manticora is a Danish power metal/progressive metal band from Hvidovre, formed in 1996 by Lars and Kristian Larsen. Their current label is Nightmare Records. Their lyrical content typically consists of literature, fantasy, and science fiction. Although they are considered to be a progressive power metal band, they do have an essence of thrash metal influence. Their newest album, Mycelium, was released on 26 January 2024 via Mighty Music.
Gorenje Blato
Gorenje Blato (pronounced [ɡɔˈɾeːnjɛ ˈblaːtɔ]; German: Oberblato) is a settlement in the Municipality of Škofljica in central Slovenia. It lies on the edge of the marshlands south of the capital Ljubljana, east of Pijava Gorica. The municipality is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

Pijava Gorica
Pijava Gorica (pronounced [piˈjaːʋa ɡɔˈɾiːtsa]; German: Piautzbüchel) is a settlement in the Municipality of Škofljica in central Slovenia. It lies on the edge of the marshland south of the capital Ljubljana. The municipality is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.
Olof Johnson House
The Olof Johnson House is a historic house located at 408 NW 4th Street in Galva, Illinois. The house was built in 1863 for Olof Johnson, one of the trustees of the Bishop Hill Colony. In addition to his position within the colony, Johnson also played a significant role in Galva's founding and named the community after his birthplace of Gävle, Sweden. Johnson's house has an Italianate design, a popular style in the late 19th century. The house's wraparound front porch is supported by thin columns and features paired brackets along its roof; similar brackets can be found on the eaves of the house's cross gabled roof.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 11, 1982.

Bishop Hill Colony
Bishop Hill Colony is a historic district in Bishop Hill, Illinois.  Bishop Hill was the site of a utopian religious community which operated as  a commune.  It was founded in 1846 by Swedish pietist Eric Janson and his followers. The community was named Bishop Hill after the parish of Biskopskulla in Uppland, Sweden.
Bayán
In Bábism, Bayán (Arabic: بیان), or exposition, denotes the whole body of the works of the Báb. It also refers more specifically to a set of two books written by the Báb around 1848:

Persian Bayán, written in Persian

Arabic Bayán, written in Arabic

Some modern Bábís (followers of the Báb) call themselves 'Bayaní' after this title of the Báb's writings. Baháʼís also see the Bayán as holy, since they consider their founder, Baháʼu'lláh, to be the fulfillment of the Báb's main prophecy.

Arabic Bayán
The Arabic Bayán (Arabic: البيان العربي, romanized: al-Bayān al-ʿarabī) is an unfinished book in Arabic written by the Báb around 1848. It functions as a significant scripture in Bábism, asserting that it is a product of divine revelation and inspiration.
Argentine hemorrhagic fever
Argentine hemorrhagic fever (AHF) or O'Higgins disease, also known in Argentina as mal de los rastrojos (stubble disease) is a hemorrhagic fever and zoonotic infectious disease occurring in Argentina. It is caused by the Junín virus (an arenavirus, closely related to the Machupo virus, causative agent of Bolivian hemorrhagic fever). Its reservoir of infection is the drylands vesper mouse, a rodent found in Argentina and Paraguay.

Arenavirus
An arenavirus is a bi- or trisegmented ambisense RNA virus that is a member of the family Arenaviridae.  These viruses infect rodents and occasionally humans.  A class of novel, highly divergent arenaviruses, properly known as reptarenaviruses, have also been discovered which infect snakes to produce inclusion body disease, mostly in boa constrictors. At least eight arenaviruses are known to cause human disease. The diseases derived from arenaviruses range in severity. Aseptic meningitis, a severe human disease that causes inflammation covering the brain and spinal cord, can arise from the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Hemorrhagic fever syndromes, including Lassa fever, are derived from infections such as Guanarito virus, Junin virus, Lassa virus, Lujo virus, Machupo virus, Sabia virus, or Whitewater Arroyo virus. Because of the epidemiological association with rodents, some arenaviruses and bunyaviruses are designated as roboviruses.
Archdiocese of Vilnius
The Metropolitan Archdiocese of Vilnius (Latin: Archidioecesis Vilnensis; Lithuanian: Vilniaus arkivyskupija) is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Lithuania. Established as the Diocese of Vilnius in the 14th century, it was elevated to the rank of a metropolitan archdiocese by Pope Pius XI on 28 October 1925. It has two suffragan sees of Kaišiadorys and Panevėžys.

The archdiocese's motherchurch and thus seat of its archbishop is Cathedral-Basilica of St. Stanislaus and St. Ladislaus in Vilnius; it also houses a minor basilica in Trakai. The current archbishop of Vilnius is Gintaras Grušas. He is assisted by auxiliary bishops Arūnas Poniškaitis and Darius Trijonis.

Saint Anne
According to Christian tradition, Saint Anne (also known as Ann or Anna) was the mother of Mary, the wife of Joachim and the maternal grandmother of Jesus. Mary's mother is not named in the Bible's canonical gospels. In writing, Ann's name and that of her husband Joachim come from New Testament apocrypha, of which the Gospel of James (written perhaps around 150 AD) seems to be the earliest that mentions them. The mother of Mary is mentioned but not named in the Quran.
2012–13 Svenska Cupen qualifying rounds
The 2012–13 Svenska Cupen was the 57th season of Svenska Cupen and the first season since 2000–01 to be held according to the fall-spring season format. The season also reintroduced a group stage, the first since 1995–96.

A total of 96 clubs entered the competition. The first round commenced on 3 June 2012 and the final was contested on 26 May 2013 at Friends Arena in Solna. Helsingborgs IF were the defending champions, having beaten Kalmar FF 3–1 in last season's final.

IFK Göteborg won their sixth Svenska Cupen title on 26 May 2013 after defeating Djurgårdens IF 3–1 on penalties after the match had finished 1–1 after extra time.

The only one of the Swedish District Football Associations that had a qualifying round was Dalarnas FF, the other ones decided their teams in other ways. The first round commenced on 3 March 2012 and the final was contested on 22 May 2012.

1995–96 Svenska Cupen
The 1995–96 Svenska Cupen was the 41st season of the main Swedish football Cup. The competition was concluded on 23 May 1996 with the final held in Gamla Ullevi, Gothenburg. AIK won 1-0 (golden goal) against Malmö FF before an attendance of 2,745 spectators.  A different format was used for the competition with the number of teams entered reduced by almost half compared with the previous year and the third round was run on a group basis.
Mildred Scheel
Mildred Scheel (born Mildred Wirtz; 31 December 1931 in Cologne – 13 May 1985 in Cologne) was a German physician, the second wife of the President of the Federal Republic Walter Scheel and the founder of the German Cancer Aid.

Walter Scheel
Walter Scheel (German: [ˈvaltɐ ˈʃeːl] ⓘ; 8 July 1919 – 24 August 2016) was a German statesman. A member of the Nazi Party who joined the Free Democratic Party of Germany (FDP) in 1946, he first served in government as the Federal Minister of Economic Cooperation and Development from 1961 to 1966 and later as President of Germany from 1974 to 1979. He led the FDP from 1968 to 1974.

During the chancellorship of Willy Brandt, Scheel was Federal Minister of Foreign Affairs and the Vice Chancellor. Scheel became acting Chancellor of West Germany from 7–16 May 1974 following Brandt's resignation after the Guillaume Affair. He was elected shortly after as the president of West Germany, remaining in the role until 1979. Scheel was a member of the Protestant Church in Germany.
Hontai Yōshin-ryū
Hontai Yōshin-ryū (本體楊心流) is a traditional (koryū) school of Japanese martial arts founded from the original teachings of Hontai Yoshin Takagi Ryu, c. 1660, by Takagi Shigetoshi.  Some sources give Takagi's middle name as Setsuemon, while others give it as Oriemon.

This school was active during the Edo period, especially dominant in the Himeji-han and Ako-han. The present headmaster (sōke) is Inoue Kyoichi Munenori who succeeded his father Inoue Tsuyoshi Munetoshi. The handover occurred on 16 January 2005.

Japanese martial arts
Japanese martial arts refers to the variety of martial arts native to the country of Japan. At least three Japanese terms (budō, bujutsu, and bugei) are used interchangeably with the English phrase Japanese martial arts.

The usage of the term budō (武道) to mean martial arts is a modern one: historically the term meant a way of life encompassing physical, spiritual and moral dimensions with a focus on self-improvement, fulfillment or personal growth. The terms bujutsu (武術) and bugei (武芸) have different meanings from budō, at least historically speaking. Bujutsu refers specifically to the practical application of martial tactics and techniques in actual combat. Bugei refers to the adaptation or refinement of those tactics and techniques to facilitate systematic instruction and dissemination within a formal learning environment.
Aristea ecklonii
Aristea ecklonii (common names: blue flies, blue stars, blue-eyed iris, blue corn-lily) is a plant species  in the Iridaceae, first described in 1866. It is native to central and southern Africa from South Africa north to Cameroon and Tanzania. The plant is an evergreen perennial with small, blue flowers, growing in clumps with upright, grass-like leaves 15–18 in (38–46 cm) in height.

It is an invasive species in high mountain forests of Sri Lanka near Nuwara Eliya and Horton Plains, in New Zealand where it is listed as a pest species on the NPPA banned list, and also Australia.

Iridaceae
Iridaceae (/ɪrɪˈdeɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family of plants in order Asparagales, taking its name from the irises. It has a nearly global distribution, with 69 accepted genera with a total of about 2500 species. It includes a number of economically important cultivated plants, such as species of Freesia, Gladiolus, and Crocus, as well as the crop saffron.

Members of this family are perennial plants, with a bulb, corm or rhizome.  The plants grow erect, and have leaves that are generally grass-like, with a sharp central fold. Some examples of members of this family are the blue flag and yellow flag.
European hip-hop
European hip hop refers to hip hop music and culture originating from Europe. Emerging in the 1980s following the genre's popularity in the United States, European hip hop has evolved into a diverse and influential musical movement. It encompasses a wide range of styles and subgenres, reflecting the continent's varied cultural landscapes and the experiences of both ethnic nationals and immigrant communities. Notable regional scenes include British hip hop and grime, German hip hop featuring both ethnic German and Turkish artists, and French hip hop, which has undergone several distinct eras of development. Other countries such as the Netherlands, Italy, Poland, and Romania have also produced significant hip hop scenes, each with its own unique characteristics and prominent artists.

Petri Nygård
Petri Jukka Mikael Laurila (born February 1974), better known by his stage name Petri Nygård, is a Finnish rapper and singer. He is also known under alias Dream (in rap duo Nuera) and as Travis Bicle.

He has gained notoriety for his sexually explicit and misogynistic lyrics and his provocative stage shows (which often include nude women, pyrotechnics, drunk fans and giant inflatable vagina sculptures). His lyrical themes often focus on alcohol, parties, sex, women, pornography, hangover, masturbation, dissing Finnish celebrities and satirizing popculture and phenomena.
1993 European Baseball Championship
The 1993 European Baseball Championship was held in Stockholm, Sweden between 9–18 July 1993 and was won by the Netherlands. Two-time defending champion Italy finished second.

The host team, Sweden, finished third, defeating France in a best-of-five-game series. It was Sweden's first time hosting such an international baseball tournament since the 1912 Summer Olympics, and it increased baseball participation in the country. However, the Swedish baseball association lost kr 350,000 organizing the event, and Sweden has not won a medal in the competition since 1993.

Russia finished last in its first appearance in the tournament, after joining the Confederation of European Baseball in 1992 following the breakup of the Soviet Union.

Baseball at the 1912 Summer Olympics
Baseball had its first appearance at the 1912 Summer Olympics as a demonstration sport. It became an official sport 70 years later at the 1992 Summer Olympics. A game was played between the United States, the nation where the game was developed, and Sweden, the host nation. The game was held on Monday, 15 July 1912 and started at 10 a.m. on the Ostermalm Athletic Grounds in Stockholm; the U.S team won after six innings.

A second exhibition match was played between two American teams the next day, which notably included multi-sport Olympic athlete Jim Thorpe, a Major League Baseball player and future American football Hall of Famer.