hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Biofacticity
Biofacticity is a philosophical concept that allows to identify a living object as a so-called biofact, i.e. a semi-natural living entity which has been biotechnically interfered during its life-span such as transgenic plants or cloned organisms. In philosophy, sociology and the arts, a biofact stands in close relation to the anthropological concept of the human being a composite of nature and technology. Biofact was introduced to philosophy as a neologism in 2001 by the German philosopher Nicole C. Karafyllis and fuses the words artifact and the prefix "bio". One of Karafyllis' thesis is that a technical change in living objects, i.e. an increase in biofacticity, will shift the anthropological concept of hybridity towards a technological self-definition of the human.

Nicole C. Karafyllis
Nicole C. Karafyllis (born 22 April 1970 in Lüdinghausen, West Germany) is a German philosopher and biologist. As of 2010, she has been a Professor of Philosophy at the TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig/Brunswick Institute of Technology (Germany).
Walter L. Fleming
Walter Lynwood Fleming (1874–1932) was an American historian of the South and Reconstruction.  He was a leader of the Dunning School of scholars in the early 20th century, who addressed Reconstruction era history using historiographical technique. He was a professor at Vanderbilt University from 1917 through his career, also serving as Dean of the School of Arts and Sciences, and Director of the Graduate School. A prolific writer, he published ten books and 166 articles and reviews. The son of a plantation owner who had slaves, Fleming was sympathetic to White supremacist arguments and Democratic Party positions of his era while critical of Republicans and Reconstruction.

University of North Carolina Press
The University of North Carolina Press (UNC Press), founded in 1922, is a nonprofit university press associated with the University of North Carolina. It was the first university press founded in the Southern United States. UNC Press is a member of the Association of University Presses, with its office located in Chapel Hill.
The Real Housewives of Atlanta season 13
The thirteenth season of The Real Housewives of Atlanta, an American reality television show, was broadcast by Bravo, it premiered on December 6, 2020, and is primarily filmed in Atlanta, Georgia. Its executive producers are Steven Weinstock, Glenda Hersh, Lauren Eskelin, Lorraine Haughton-Lawson, Luke Neslage, Glenda Cox, Joye Chin, and Andy Cohen.

The Real Housewives of Atlanta focuses on the lives of Kandi Burruss, Cynthia Bailey, Kenya Moore, Porsha Williams and Drew Sidora.

This season marked the final regular appearance of Cynthia Bailey.

This season marked the second departure of Porsha Williams. She eventually returned for the show’s 16th season.

Cynthia Bailey
Cynthia Denise Bailey (born February 19, 1967) is an American model, reality television personality, podcaster and actress. Born and raised in Alabama, she moved to New York City at the age of 18 to pursue a modeling career. There, she signed a five-year contract with Wilhelmina Models, and subsequently appeared as a model in various magazines and advertising campaigns. She worked as a runway model in Paris and Milan.

Bailey has acted in films, including Without You I'm Nothing (1990) and For Love or Money (1993), and on television programs, such as The Cosby Show. She joined the Bravo reality television show The Real Housewives of Atlanta in 2010. She married Peter Thomas in 2010, and their divorce was finalized in 2017. Her relationship with sportscaster Mike Hill was showcased on The Real Housewives of Atlanta from 2018 until she left the series in 2021.
Jharkhand State Election Commission
Jharkhand State Election Commission is an autonomous and statutory body constituted in Indian state of Jharkhand for ensuring that elections in are conducted in free, fair and unbiased way. Constitution of India with provisions as per Article 243K and 243 ZA and Article 324 ensures creation and safeguarding of the powers of State Election Commissions. Jharkhand State Election Commission is responsible for conducting elections for Urban Local Bodies like Municipalities, Municipal Corporations, Panchayats and any other specified by Election Commission of India. Jharkhand State Election Commissioner is appointed by Governor of Jharkhand.

State election commission (India)
States Election Commission is an autonomous and constitutional body empowered to conduct free and fair elections to local self government institutions in the states and union territories of India. Established as per the provisions of Article 243 of the Constitution of India, the states Election Commissions are responsible for conducting elections for the local bodies at the state level. It is supervised by a state election commissioner appointed by the Governor of the corresponding state.
Desahogo (Pilar Montenegro album)
Desahogo (English: Relief) is the second studio album recorded by Mexican singer/actress Pilar Montenegro. The album was released by Fonovisa on September 25, 2001 (see 2001 in music). This album was produced by Rudy Pérez.

The album yielded two singles, "Quítame Ese Hombre", a cover from an old single by Yolandita Monge that became wildly successful in the Latin Market with Pilar's version; and "Alguien Que Una Vez Amé".

2001 in music
This is a list of notable events in music that took place in the year 2001.

3.2 billion units were sold with a value of US$33.7 billion. DVD-Audio and Super Audio CD first rose to prominence in 2001, with approximately 600 titles available in these formats. Portable music grew in popularity after Apple Inc. released the iTunes media library on January 9 and the first iPod music player device on October 23. Worldwide, the best-selling albums were Hybrid Theory (2000) by Linkin Park, No Angel (1999) by Dido, and Survivor (2001) by Destiny's Child. The best-selling non-English album was Cieli di Toscana (transl. Tuscan Skies; 2001) by Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli, which topped the charts in the Netherlands and Sweden and was the 23rd best-selling album globally.
Togou
Togou is a village and rural commune in the Cercle of Ségou in the Ségou Region of southern-central Mali. The commune contains 10 villages in an area of approximate 147 square kilometers. In the 2009 census it had a population of 8,987. The village of Togou, the chef-lieu of the commune, is 35 km northeast of Ségou.

Ségou
Ségou (French pronunciation: [seɡu]; Bambara: ߛߋߜ߭ߎ߫, Segu) is a town and an urban commune in south-central Mali that lies 235 kilometres (146 mi) northeast of Bamako on the right bank of the River Niger. The town is the capital of the Ségou Cercle and the Ségou Region. With 130,690 inhabitants in 2009, it is the fifth-largest town in Mali.

In the middle of the 19th century there were four villages with the name of Ségou spread out over a distance of around 12 km (7.5 mi) along the right bank of the river. They were, starting from the most upstream, Ségou-Koro (Old Ségou), Ségou-Bougou, Ségou-Koura (New Ségou) and Ségou-Sikoro. The present town is on the site of Ségou-Sikoro.
Love Bomb (Lynsey de Paul album)
Love Bomb is the fourth album released in 1975 by the British singer-songwriter Lynsey de Paul, and her second album released on Jet Records in the UK and Polydor in Germany, Australia and Japan. In the US and Canada, it was released in January 1976 on Mercury Records. The album was recorded at the Marquee Studios, London, England, produced by de Paul and arranged by Tony Hymas, with Terry Cox playing drums, John Dean percussion, Chris Rea guitar and Frank McDonald bass. The striking sleeve cover photo of de Paul in U.S. military style clothing was taken by Brian Aris.

Marquee Club
The Marquee Club was a music venue in London, England, that opened in 1958 with a range of jazz and skiffle acts. It was a small and relatively cheap club, in the heart of London's West End.

It was the location of the first live performance by the Rolling Stones on 12 July 1962.
French tariff of 1885
The French tariff of 1885 was a protectionist law passed by the National Assembly of the French Third Republic that imposed tariffs. It became law on 28 March 1885.

Under the 1881 tariff, wheat was subject to a duty of 0.60 francs per 100kg. A combination of foreign competition and bad harvests had caused a growth in grain imports since 1879. Grain prices declined from 22 francs per hectoliter in 1881 to 16 francs in 1885. The Société des agriculteurs de France and the Association de l'industrie française combined to pressure the government into increasing tariffs. The agriculturists held a series of national agricultural conventions to rally farmers to protection, beginning in November 1884. The farmers requested a duty of 5 francs. The Minister of Agriculture, Jules Méline, was supportive but the Chamber of Deputies voted for a duty of 3 francs.

Chamber of Deputies (France)
The Chamber of Deputies (French: Chambre des députés, [ʃɑ̃bʁ de depyte]) was the lower house of parliament in France at various times in the 19th and 20th centuries:

1814–1848 during the Bourbon Restoration and the July Monarchy, the Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament, elected by census suffrage.

1875–1940 during the French Third Republic, the Chamber of Deputies was the legislative assembly of the French Parliament, elected by two-round system with universal male suffrage. When reunited with the Senate in Versailles, the French Parliament was called the National Assembly (Assemblée nationale) and carried out the election of the president of the French Republic.
Thomas Jones (American football)
Thomas Quinn Jones (born August 19, 1978) is an American actor and former professional football player. He played as a running back for 12 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). Jones played college football for the Virginia Cavaliers, earning consensus All-American honors in 1999. He was selected by the Arizona Cardinals seventh overall in the 2000 NFL draft, and played for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in addition to the New York Jets, Chicago Bears, and Kansas City Chiefs. He retired among the top 25 leading rushers in NFL history (currently 27th), and a member of the 10,000 rushing yards club. In September 2019 he was nominated for the Pro Football Hall of Fame Class of 2020.

In 2013, performing under the name Thomas Q. Jones due to the SAG-AFTRA's unique stage name requirements, he began an acting career. Among his credits are 2015's Straight Outta Compton and a recurring role in the Luke Cage series.

SAG-AFTRA
The Screen Actors Guild–American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (SAG-AFTRA, /sæɡˈæftrə/) is an American labor union formed in 2012 by the merger of the Screen Actors Guild and the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists. It represents approximately 170,000 media professionals worldwide. SAG-AFTRA is a member of the AFL-CIO, the largest federation of unions in the United States. SAG-AFTRA is also a member of the International Federation of Actors.
Telecommando Americano
Telecommando Americano is an album by the American band Material Issue, released in 1997, one year after frontman Jim Ellison's suicide. It was the band's fourth album. The band's debut six-song EP, released on vinyl in 1987, was included with the album.

Jim Ellison
James Walter Ellison (April 18, 1964 – June 20, 1996) was the frontman for the band Material Issue.  He tirelessly promoted his band, booked tours, and secured a major-label deal in 1990.  Ellison — along with bassist Ted Ansani and drummer Mike Zelenko  — would lead the renaissance of power pop in the early 1990s.
Bohannon
Bohannon is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Camille Bohannon, American radio announcer and journalist

David D. Bohannon (1898–1995) American real estate developer, primarily in the San Francisco Bay Area

Etdrick Bohannon (born 1973), American basketball player

Fred Bohannon (1958–1999), American football player

Hamilton Bohannon (1942–2020), American musician and producer, often credited simply as Bohannon

Jason Bohannon (born 1987), American basketball player

Jim Bohannon (1944–2022), American radio show host

John Bohannon, science journalist

Jordan Bohannon (born 1997), American basketball player, brother of Jason

Naz Bohannon (born 1999), American basketball and former American Football player

Jordan Bohannon
Jordan Lee Bohannon (born June 19, 1997) is an American professional basketball player who last played for the Iowa Wolves of the NBA G League. He played college basketball for the Iowa Hawkeyes. Bohannon is currently the all-time leader in career games played in NCAA Division I men's basketball with 179.
2010 Campeonato Ecuatoriano de Fútbol Serie A
The 2010 Campeonato Ecuatoriano de Fútbol de la Serie A (known as the 2010 Copa Credife Serie A for sponsorship reasons) was the 52nd season of the Serie A, Ecuador's premier football league. It ran from February 7 to December 12.

Emelec and LDU Quito each won the First and Second Stage, respectively, and played each other in the championship finals. LDU Quito won the first leg at home by a score of 2–0. Emelec could not overturn the deficit with a 1–0 win at home in the second leg. LDU Quito won their tenth national title, tying them for third overall with Emelec.

Atahualpa Olympic Stadium
Atahualpa Olympic Stadium (Spanish: Estadio Olímpico Atahualpa, [es'taðio o'limpiko ataˈwalpa]) is a multi-purpose stadium in Quito, Ecuador.  It is currently used primarily for football matches and has a capacity of 35,258.
Dioryctria pygmaeella
Dioryctria pygmaeella, the baldcypress coneworm moth, is a species of snout moth. It was described by Émile Louis Ragonot in 1887 and is restricted to the coastal plains of the eastern United States and eastern Texas.

There are up to three generations per year.

The larvae feed within the cones of Taxodium distichum and Taxodium ascendens.

Émile Louis Ragonot
Émile Louis Ragonot (12 October 1843 – 13 October 1895) was a French entomologist.  In 1885, he became president of the Société entomologique de France.

He named 301 new genera of butterflies and moths, mostly pyralid moths.

He is also the author of several books:

Diagnoses of North American Phycitidae and Galleriidae (1887) published in Paris

(in French) Nouveaux genres et espèces de Phycitidae & Galleriidae (1888)

(in French) Essai sur une classification des Pyralites (1891-1892)

(in French) Monographie des Phycitinae et des Galleriinae. pp. 1–602 In N.M. Romanoff. Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères. Tome VIII. N.M. Romanoff, Saint-Petersbourg. xli + 602 pp. (1901)

Ragonot's collection can be found in the National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France.
The Ultimate Fighter: Brazil 2
The Ultimate Fighter: Brazil 2 is an installment of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC)-produced reality television series The Ultimate Fighter.

This season consisted of 12 episodes and a live finale in Brazil.  The season tournament finale, along with the coaches fight, took place on June 8, 2013. The show started filming in November 2012 and was in Portuguese.  The season was again produced by Floresta, a Brazilian production company, and aired in Brazil on Globo.  Each episode was offered over the Internet with English subtitles at TUF.tv.

The UFC held open tryouts for the show in October 2011.  The casting call was for Welterweight fighters who are at least 21 years old and have a minimum of two wins in three professional fights.  More than 300 contestants showed up, hoping to be one of the 28 fighters selected. On October 30, 2012, it was announced that the coaches for the season would be Antônio Rodrigo Nogueira and Fabrício Werdum.

Welterweight (MMA)
The welterweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes:

The UFC's welterweight division, which groups competitors within 156 to 170 lb (71 to 77 kg)

The ONE Championship's welterweight division, with upper limit at 83.9 kg (185.0 lb)
Oscar Jonsson (bandy)
Oscar Jonsson (born 21 April 1977) is a Swedish bandy player who currently plays for Ljusdals BK as a half back or midfielder.  Oscar represented the Swedish national bandy team during the 2004/05 season.

Oscar has played for two clubs.
His list of clubs are as follows-

Ljusdals BK (1995-2001)

Hammarby IF Bandy (2001-2009)

Ljusdals BK (2009-)

Hammarby IF Bandy
Hammarby IF Bandyförening is a Swedish bandy club from Södermalm, Stockholm, a section of the sports club Hammarby IF.

Hammarby IF was founded under its present name in 1897 and has been playing bandy since 1905. The club currently play in Elitserien, which is the highest division in Sweden, and has won it twice.
F-segment
The F-segment is the 6th category and largest of the European segments for passenger cars, and always belongs to "luxury cars".

The equivalent categories are full-size luxury sedan (or "large luxury sedan") in the United States, luxury saloon (or "luxury limousine") in the United Kingdom, and Oberklasse in Germany. Extended-wheelbase limousines and armored sedans are also considered as F-segment.

F-segment is a niche of the European market (approximately 0.2–0.3% in the 2010s) and the range is limited to only a few models.

Armored car (VIP)
A VIP armored car is a civilian vehicle with a reinforced structure that is designed to protect its occupants from assaults, bullets and blasts. Armored cars are typically manufactured with bulletproof glass and layers of armor plating, often with a variety of other defensive mechanisms and features to aid the individuals inside. Unlike military armored vehicles, a civilian armored car is designed to be inconspicuous and visually similar to its factory version.

Armored cars are used internationally and often used to protect high-profile individuals such as heads of state, political figures,  businesspersons, VIPs, and sometimes celebrities. They may also be used by governmental law enforcement agencies as well as private military contractors. Chicago mobster Al Capone reportedly owned an armored 1928 Cadillac 341A.
Lamplighters Music Theatre
Lamplighters Music Theatre is a semi-professional musical theatre company based in San Francisco, California. Founded in 1952 by Orva Hoskinson and Ann Pool MacNab, the Lamplighters specialize in light opera, particularly the works of Gilbert and Sullivan, as well as such works as The Merry Widow, Die Fledermaus, Of Thee I Sing, My Fair Lady, Candide, and A Little Night Music.

The Merry Widow
The Merry Widow (German: Die lustige Witwe [diː ˈlʊstɪɡə ˈvɪtvə]) is an operetta by the Austro-Hungarian composer Franz Lehár. The librettists, Viktor Léon and Leo Stein, based the story – concerning a rich widow, and her countrymen's attempt to keep her money in the principality by finding her the right husband – on an 1861 comedy play, L'attaché d'ambassade (The Embassy Attaché) by Henri Meilhac.

The operetta has enjoyed extraordinary international success since its 1905 premiere in Vienna and continues to be frequently revived and recorded. Film and other adaptations have also been made. Well-known music from the score includes the "Vilja Song", "Da geh' ich zu Maxim" ("You'll Find Me at Maxim's"), and the "Merry Widow Waltz".
Sudbury railway station (Staffordshire)
Sudbury railway station was a railway station serving Sudbury, Derbyshire although the station was located in Staffordshire, near to Draycott in the Clay.

The station was opened by the North Staffordshire Railway in 1848 and in 1862 it was also served by Great Northern Railway on the route between Stafford and Grantham.

The platforms today have been removed but the railway cottages and signal box are still in use, Trains on the Crewe to Derby Line still pass through the former station.

Crewe–Derby line
The Crewe–Derby line is a railway line in central England, running from Crewe in a south-easterly direction to Derby, via Stoke-on-Trent and Uttoxeter. Passenger services on the line are provided by East Midlands Railway, with Avanti West Coast, London Northwestern Railway, Northern Trains and CrossCountry providing additional services north of Stoke-on-Trent to both Crewe and Manchester.
Galeazzi fracture
The Galeazzi fracture is a fracture of the distal third of the radius with dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint. It classically involves an isolated fracture of the junction of the distal third and middle third of the radius with associated subluxation or dislocation of the distal radio-ulnar joint; the injury disrupts the forearm axis joint.

Joint dislocation
A joint dislocation, also called luxation, occurs when there is an abnormal separation in the joint, where two or more bones meet. A partial dislocation is referred to as a subluxation. Dislocations are commonly caused by sudden trauma to the joint like during a car accident or fall. A joint dislocation can damage the surrounding ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves. Dislocations can occur in any major joint (shoulder, knees, hips) or minor joint (toes, fingers). The most common joint dislocation is a shoulder dislocation.

The treatment for joint dislocation is usually by closed reduction, that is, skilled manipulation to return the bones to their normal position. Only trained medical professionals should perform reductions since the manipulation can cause injury to the surrounding soft tissue, nerves, or vascular structures.
HMCS Kootenay
Several Canadian naval units have been named HMCS Kootenay.

HMCS Kootenay (H75) (I) was formerly HMS Decoy (H75) an ex-Royal Navy escort destroyer, which served in the Royal Canadian Navy from 1943 to 1945, and was broken up in 1946

HMCS Kootenay (DDE 258) (II) was a Restigouche-class destroyer which served from 1959 to 1995

Restigouche-class destroyer
The Restigouche-class destroyer was a class of seven destroyer escorts that served the Royal Canadian Navy and later the Canadian Forces from the late-1950s to the late-1990s. All seven vessels in the class were named after rivers in Canada.

The Royal Canadian Navy began planning the St. Laurent-class destroyer in the late 1940s and originally intended to procure fourteen vessels. Delays in design and construction saw the number of vessels for the St. Laurent class halved to seven. The seven remaining vessels were redesigned as the Restigouche class, taking into account design improvements found during construction of the St. Laurents. The seven ships of the class were commissioned between 1958 and 1959.
Johanne Modder
Johanne Modder (born 12 July 1960) is a German politician for the SPD and since 2013 parliamentary leader 'Fraktionsvorsitzende' for its party in the Landtag of Lower Saxony; federal state diet of Lower Saxony.

Landtag of Lower Saxony
The Lower Saxon Landtag (Niedersächsischer Landtag) or the Parliament of Lower Saxony is the state diet of the German state of Lower Saxony. It convenes in Hanover and currently consists of 146 members, consisting of four parties. Since 2022 the majority is a coalition of the Social Democratic Party and the Greens, supporting the cabinet of Minister-President Olaf Lies (SPD).