hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chip Cravaack
Raymond John "Chip" Cravaack (born January 29, 1959) is an American former politician and aviator. He was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives for northeastern Minnesota's 8th congressional district from 2011 to 2013. In his first run for political office, he upset 18-term Democratic incumbent Jim Oberstar by a margin of 4,400 votes to become the first Republican since 1947 to represent the district. Previously, Cravaack was a pilot for Northwest Airlines, and before that, he was a Navy pilot and a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy. He was defeated by DFL nominee Rick Nolan on November 6, 2012.

Naval aviator (United States)
A naval aviator is a commissioned officer or warrant officer qualified as a crewed aircraft pilot in the United States Navy or United States Marine Corps. United States Coast Guard crewed aircraft pilots are officially designated as "Coast Guard aviators", although they complete the same undergraduate flight training as Navy and Marine Corps crewed aircraft pilots, and are awarded the same aviation breast insignia.
Marechal Hermes
Marechal Hermes is a planned middle class neighborhood located in the North Zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, founded on May 1, 1913. Surrounding neighborhoods include Bento Ribeiro, Campo dos Afonsos, Vila Valqueire,  Deodoro and  Guadalupe. It takes its name after Brazil's former president Marechal Hermes da Fonseca.

Marechal Hermes, it is a neighborhood with Portuguese architecture, as a large number of Portuguese people migrated to the neighborhood.

The neighborhood's train station was preserved as a national heritage site, as it is a beautiful Portuguese architectural work, which had bronze gates in the Lusitanian style.

As of 2000, its HDI is 0.814; the 36th position of the city out of 126.

It contains wide avenues, a theatre, a large hospital, a big church and several schools. Many of its original inhabitants were military men in view of the army and airforce headquarters nearby in Deodoro and Campo dos Afonsos respectively.

Vila Valqueire
Vila Valqueire is a neighborhood in the Southwest Zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is situated near the border of the North and Western zones, and has a good quality of life with many squares, green places and services.
Vasilyevichy
Vasilyevichy (Belarusian: Васілевічы, romanized: Vasilievičy, IPA: [vasʲiˈlʲevʲitʂɨ]; Russian: Василевичи, romanized: Vasilevichi; Polish: Wasilewicze) is a town in Rechytsa District, Gomel Region, in south-eastern Belarus. As of 2025, it has a population of 3,143. It is located in Polesia, on the railway line between the cities of Mazyr and Rechytsa.

Rechytsa district
Rechytsa district or Rečyca district (Belarusian: Рэчыцкі раён, romanized: Rečycki rajon; Russian: Речицкий район) is a district (raion) in the Gomel region of Belarus. It is situated in the southeastern part of the country on the banks of Dnieper River. The largest city and administrative center is Rechytsa. As of 2024, it had a population of 94,749 inhabitants, and was the second most populous raion in the district.
Rudolf Witzig
Rudolf Witzig (14 August 1916 in Röhlinghausen, Wanne-Eickel – 3 October 2001 in Oberschleißheim) was a German Fallschirmjäger during World War II and Oberst in the Bundeswehr. He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, and its variants were the highest awards in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II. Witzig fought in the German attack against the Belgian fortress Fort Eben-Emael.

Fallschirmjäger
The Fallschirmjäger (German: [ˈfalʃɪʁmˌjɛːɡɐ] ⓘ) were the airborne forces branch of the Luftwaffe before and during World War II. They were the first paratroopers to be committed in large-scale airborne operations. They were commanded by Kurt Student, the Luftwaffe's second-in-command.
Henry Sharpe (priest)
Henry Sharpe was an Anglican priest in Ireland in the first third of the 17th-century.

Sharpe was ordained in 1623; appointed Archdeacon of Dromore on 21 June 1625; Archdeacon of Achonry on 28 September 1625; and prebendary of Ballintubber in Elphin Cathedral in 1628.

Archdeacon of Dromore
The Archdeacon of Dromore is a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Anglican Diocese of Down and Dromore. The archdeacon is responsible for the disciplinary supervision of clergy within the diocese.
Yau Ma Tei Police Station
Yau Ma Tei Police Station is a former police station in Yau Ma Tei, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Its buildings at No. 627 Canton Road, at the junction of Public Square Street, were erected in 1922 after relocation from the junction of Public Square Street and Shanghai Street.

The station closed on 22 May 2016 (except for the reporting centre, which will remain open to the public). A new station of the same name opened on that date at No. 3 Yau Cheung Road.

Heritage conservation in Hong Kong
This article details the history and status of heritage conservation in Hong Kong, as well as the role of various stakeholders.

An indication of the size of the built heritage in Hong Kong is given by a territory-wide survey conducted by the Antiquities and Monuments Office (AMO) between 1996 and 2000, which recorded some 8,800 buildings. The preservation of Intangible Cultural Heritage is also an emerging theme.
Lungotevere Tor di Nona
Lungotevere Tor di Nona is the stretch of Lungotevere that connects Piazza  di Ponte Sant'Angelo to Piazza di Ponte Umberto I in Rome, in the rione Ponte. It was named so following the resolution of the city council of 20 July 1887.

Lungotevere
Lungotevere (Italian for Tiber Waterfront) is an alley or boulevard running along the river Tiber within the city of Rome.
The building of the Lungoteveres required the demolition of the former edifices along the river banks and the construction of retaining walls called muraglioni (massive walls).
MapServer
MapServer is an open-source development environment for building spatially enabled internet applications, built in the C language, and is widely known as one of the fastest Web mapping engines available. It can run as a CGI program or via MapScript which supports several programming languages (using SWIG).  MapServer can access hundreds of data formats, any raster or vector format supported by GDAL, and reprojections on-the-fly are handled by PROJ. MapServer was originally developed by Steve Lime, then working at the University of Minnesota — so, it was previously referred to as "UMN MapServer", to distinguish it from commercial "map servers"; today it is commonly referred to as just "MapServer", and is maintained by the MapServer Project Steering Committee (PSC).  MapServer was originally developed with support from NASA, which needed a way to make its satellite imagery available to the public.

MapGuide Open Source
MapGuide Open Source is a web-based map-making platform that enables users to quickly develop and deploy web mapping applications and geospatial web services. The application was introduced as open-source by Autodesk in November 2005, and the code was contributed to the Open Source Geospatial Foundation in March 2006 under the GNU LGPL.

MapGuide features an interactive viewer that includes support for feature selection, property inspection, map tips, and operations such as buffer, select within, and measure. MapGuide includes an XML database for storing and managing content, and supports most common geospatial file formats, databases, and standards. The MapGuide platform can be deployed on Linux or Microsoft Windows, supports Apache and IIS web servers, and offers extensive PHP, .NET, Java, and JavaScript APIs for application development.
Cotransporter
Cotransporters are a subcategory of membrane transport proteins (transporters) that couple the favorable movement of one molecule with its concentration gradient and unfavorable movement of another molecule against its concentration gradient. They enable coupled or cotransport (secondary active transport) and include antiporters and symporters. In general, cotransporters consist of two out of the three classes of integral membrane proteins known as transporters that move molecules and ions across biomembranes. Uniporters are also transporters but move only one type of molecule down its concentration gradient and are not classified as cotransporters.

Chloride
The term chloride refers to a compound or molecule that contains either a chlorine anion (Cl−), which is a negatively charged chlorine atom, or a non-charged chlorine atom covalently bonded to the rest of the molecule by a single bond (−Cl). The pronunciation of the word "chloride" is /ˈklɔːraɪd/.

Chloride salts such as sodium chloride are often soluble in water. It is an essential electrolyte located in all body fluids responsible for maintaining acid/base balance, transmitting nerve impulses and regulating liquid flow in and out of cells. Other examples of ionic chlorides include potassium chloride (KCl), calcium chloride (CaCl2), and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl). Examples of covalent chlorides include methyl chloride (CH3Cl), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), sulfuryl chloride (SO2Cl2), and monochloramine (NH2Cl).
Naming of weapons in Middle-earth
The naming of weapons in Middle-earth is the giving of names to swords and other powerful weapons in J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium. He derived the naming of weapons from his knowledge of Medieval times; the practice is found in Norse mythology and in the Old English poem Beowulf. 
Among the many weapons named by Tolkien are Orcrist and Glamdring in The Hobbit, and Narsil / Andúril in The Lord of the Rings. Such weapons carry powerful symbolism, embodying the identity and ancestry of their owners.

There are multiple parallels between Tolkien's usage of named weapons in his Middle-earth writings, and the Medieval epics. These include their inheritance as heirlooms, sometimes royal; their rediscovery in ancient treasure-hoards; their being broken and reforged; their adornment with runic inscriptions; and their interlinking with the lives of their owners.

Heirloom
In popular usage, an heirloom is something that has been passed down for generations through family members. Examples are a family bible, antiques, weapons or jewellery.

The term originated with the historical principle of an heirloom in English law, a chattel which by immemorial usage was regarded as annexed by inheritance to a family estate. Loom originally meant a tool. Such genuine heirlooms were almost unknown by the beginning of the twentieth century.
Cornsilk (Cross Plains, Tennessee)
Cornsilk is a historic house near Cross Plains, Tennessee, United States. It was built circa 1850 for Thomas Stringer. In the 1930s, it was acquired by author Andrew Nelson Lytle, who renamed it "for his ancestral home in Alabama."

The house was designed in the Tennessee Vernacular architectural style.  It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since January 11, 1974.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Robertson County, Tennessee
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Robertson County, Tennessee.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Robertson County, Tennessee, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.

There are 29 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted January 23, 2026.
Kanezawa Sanetoki
Kanezawa Sanetoki (金沢 実時), also called Hōjō Sanetoki (北条 実時, 1224 – November 30, 1276) was the founder of the Kanazawa Bunko (Kanazawa Library). He was a member of the Kanezawa branch of the Hōjō clan. He may have been married to Mugai Nyodai.

He was born to Hōjō Saneyasu in 1224. As his talent was discovered by his uncle Hōjō Yasutoki, Sanetoki was given important posts by four shikken: Yasutoki, Tsunetoki, Tokiyori and Tokimune. He began his career as the head of Kosamurai-dokoro in 1234 and then became Hikitsukeshu in 1252 and Hyojoshu in 1253. Due to illness, he resigned from all posts and took a rest at his residence at Kanezawa (modern-day Kanazawa), Yokohama.

While attending to government affairs, he was dedicated himself to study. He studied under Kiyohara no Noritaka, who came to Kamakura in Prince Munetaka's retinue. In 1258 he established a temple called Shōmyōji at Kanazawa and put a library within the temple to house his huge manuscript collection.

Hōjō Tsunetoki
Hōjō Tsunetoki (北条 経時; 1224 – May 17, 1246) was the fourth Shikken (1242–1246) of the Kamakura shogunate. He was son of warrior monk Hōjō Tokiuji and a daughter of Adachi Kagemori, elder brother of Hōjō Tokiyori, and grandson of Hōjō Yasutoki. He ruled from 1242 to 1246 and founded Kōmyō-ji in Zaimokuza. He is buried within the temple.
Eugene Russo
Eugene Russo is an Australian-American former professional tennis player. He received U.S. citizenship in 2005.

Originally from South Australia, Russo was a left-handed player who ranked as high as three amongst Australian 18-year olds in junior tennis. Instead of turning professional he went to university and completed a master's degree. He married his late wife tennis player Margaret Dunn in 1969 and in the same year the couple moved to Washington D.C., where Russo was employed as a computer programmer.

Russo made his way into professional tennis during the 1970s while he working as a tennis teacher. In 1973 he featured in the singles main draw of the Wimbledon Championships and was beaten by Jun Kuki in the first round, 7–9 in the fifth set. He reached the quarter-finals of the men's doubles event with Chris Kachel and the pair held match points in their loss to second-seeds John Cooper and Neale Fraser.

John Cooper (tennis)
John Richard Cooper (born 4 November 1946) is a former Australian male tennis player who played on the Grand Prix circuit in the 1970s. He reached the quarterfinals of Wimbledon in 1967 and the Australian Open in 1972 and 1973. Other career highlights include finishing runner-up in 1973 Wimbledon Championships Doubles tournament and a singles victory at Hilversum in 1972. Cooper was also on the winning Davis Cup team in 1973.

He is the younger brother of four-time Grand Slam tournament winner Ashley Cooper.
Thomas Ruff
Thomas Ruff (born 10 February 1958) is a German photographer who lives and works in Düsseldorf, Germany. He has been described as "a master of edited and reimagined images".

Ruff shares a studio on Düsseldorf's Hansaallee, with fellow German photographers Laurenz Berges, Andreas Gursky and Axel Hütte. The studio, a former municipal electricity station, includes a basement gallery.

Aperture Foundation
Aperture Foundation is a nonprofit arts institution, founded in 1952 by Ansel Adams, Minor White, Barbara Morgan, Dorothea Lange, Nancy Newhall, Beaumont Newhall, Ernest Louie, Melton Ferris, and Dody Warren. Their vision was to create a forum for fine art photography, a new concept at the time. The first issue of the magazine Aperture was published in spring 1952 in San Francisco.

In January 2011, Chris Boot joined the organization as its director. Boot has previously been an independent photobook publisher and worked with Magnum Photos and Phaidon Press. Sarah Meister, curator of photography at the Museum of Modern Art from 2009 to 2020, was named as Boot's replacement in the Executive Director position in January 2021, starting in May 2021.
Rairakhol Assembly constituency
Rairakhol is a Vidhan Sabha constituency of Sambalpur district, Odisha.

This constituency includes Rairakhol, Rairakhol block, Jujomura block, Naktideul block and 7GPs (Deogaon, Dakara, Dhama, Huma, Bargaon, Sahaspur and Baduapali) of Maneswar block.

Sambalpur district
Sambalpur district (Odia: [sɔmbɔlɔpuɾɔ] ⓘ) is a district in the western part of state of Odisha, India. The historic city of Sambalpur is the district headquarters.

The district is located in the Mahanadi River basin. It has a total area of 6,702 km2 (2,588 sq mi), of which almost 60% is covered in dense forest. The district is bounded by Deogarh District to the east, Bargarh and Jharsuguda districts to the west, Sundergarh District to the north, and Subarnapur and Angul districts in the south.

Sambalpur City is the connecting city between Chhattisgarh and Odisha. Whereas it used to be known for its importance as a diamond trading centre, nowadays it is mainly known for its textiles, especially the Sambalpuri Saree.
Solymár
Solymár (German: Schaumar) is a village in northwest of Budapest metropolitan area, bordering the 3rd and 2nd districts of the city, as well as Nagykovácsi, Pilisszentiván, Pilisvörösvár, Csobánka, Pilisborosjenő, and Üröm. Its picturesque surroundings (hills to the south and east, the highest point is Zsíroshegy at 424m) and good accessibility the 64, 64A, 64B, 164, 164B, 264, 157 and 964 city buses from Hűvösvölgy, 218 from Óbuda, 831 from Pilisszántó, a train from Budapest Nyugati and Esztergom, and coaches from Árpád-híd made it a desirable destination for affluent city-dwellers moving to suburban homes outside of Budapest from the mid-1990s. Its historical German-speaking majority was depopulated following the Second World War, some non-compulsively, and a great majority by force in a series of deportations, which is solemnly remembered in a commemorative monument erected in the village in 1990.

Csobánka
Csobánka is a village in Pest County, Budapest metropolitan area, Hungary. Csobánka is located in the Pilis Mountains which is a National Park in Hungary.

The name Csobánka comes from Ottoman Turkish چوبان (çoban) rooted in < Persian چوبان (čubân). which means shepherd. The word csobán originated from the settlement of the Magyars in Hungary. The earliest record of the official name was mentioned in a tax minute-book on January 3, 1698.
Maximin share
Maximin share (MMS) is a criterion of fair item allocation. Given a set of items with different values, the 1-out-of-n maximin-share is the maximum value that can be gained by partitioning the items into  parts and taking the part with the minimum value. An allocation of items among  agents with different valuations is called MMS-fair if each agent gets a bundle that is at least as good as his/her 1-out-of-n maximin-share. MMS fairness is a relaxation of the criterion of proportionality - each agent gets a bundle that is at least as good as the equal split ( of every resource). Proportionality can be guaranteed when the items are divisible, but not when they are indivisible, even if all agents have identical valuations. In contrast, MMS fairness can always be guaranteed to identical agents, so it is a natural alternative to proportionality even when the agents are different.

Divide and choose
Divide and choose (also cut and choose or I cut, you choose) is a procedure for fair division of a continuous resource between two parties. It involves a heterogeneous good or resource and two partners who have different preferences over parts of the cake (both want as much of it as possible). The procedure proceeds as follows: one person divides the resource into two pieces; the other person selects one of the pieces; the cutter receives the remaining piece.

Since ancient times some have used the procedure to divide land, food and other resources between two parties. Currently, there is an entire field of research, called fair cake-cutting, devoted to various extensions and generalizations of cut-and-choose. Divide and choose is envy-free in the following sense: each of the two partners can act in a way that guarantees that, according to their own subjective taste, their allocated share is at least as valuable as the other share, regardless of what the other partner does.
Levan II Dadiani
Levan II Dadiani (also Leon; Georgian: ლევან [ლეონ] II დადიანი; 1591 – 1657) was a member of the House of Dadiani and ruler of the Principality of Mingrelia in western Georgia. Levan is known for his extensive raiding of neighboring countries and taking hostages for ransom.

House of Sharvashidze
The House of Sharvashidze or Shervashidze (Georgian: შარვაშიძე-შერვაშიძე) was a Georgian-Abkhazian ruling family of the Principality of Abkhazia. The family was later recognized as one of the princely families of the Russian Empire at the request of King Heraclius II of Georgia in accordance with the list of Georgian noblemen presented in the Treaty of Georgievsk.
NGC 86
NGC 86 is a lenticular galaxy estimated to be between 275 and 300 million light-years away in the constellation of Andromeda. It was discovered by Guillaume Bigourdan in 1884 and its apparent magnitude is 14.9.

Lenticular galaxy
A lenticular galaxy (denoted S0) is a type of galaxy intermediate between an elliptical (denoted E) and a spiral galaxy in galaxy morphological classification schemes. It contains a large-scale disc but does not have large-scale spiral arms.  Lenticular galaxies are disc galaxies that have used up or lost most of their interstellar matter and therefore have very little ongoing star formation. They may, however, retain significant dust in their disks. As a result, they consist mainly of aging stars (like elliptical galaxies).  Despite the morphological differences, lenticular and elliptical galaxies share common properties like spectral features and scaling relations. Both can be considered early-type galaxies that are passively evolving, at least in the local part of the Universe.  Connecting the E galaxies with the S0 galaxies are the ES galaxies with intermediate-scale discs.
Myxotrichum chartarum
Myxotrichum chartarum is a psychrophilic and cellulolytic fungus first discovered in Germany by Gustav Kunze in 1823. Its classification has changed many times over its history to better reflect the information available at the time. Currently, M. chartarum is known to be an ascomycete surrounded by a gymnothecium composed of ornate spines and releases asexual ascospores. The presence of cellulolytic processes are common in fungi within the family Myxotrichaceae. M. chartarum is one of many Myxotrichum species known to degrade paper and paper products. Evidence of M. chartarum "red spot" mold formation, especially on old books, can be found globally. As a result, this fungal species and other cellulolytic molds are endangering old works of art and books. Currently, there is no evidence that suggests that species within the family Myxotrichaceae are pathogenic.

Drywall
Drywall (also called plasterboard, dry lining, wallboard, sheet rock, gib board, gypsum board, buster board, turtles board, slap board, custard board, gypsum panel and gyprock) is a panel made of calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum), with or without additives, typically extruded between thick sheets of facer and backer paper, used in the construction of interior walls and ceilings. The plaster is mixed with fiber (typically paper, glass wool, or a combination of these materials); plasticizer, foaming agent; and additives that can reduce mildew, flammability, and water absorption.

In the mid-20th century, drywall construction became prevalent in North America as a time- and labor-saving alternative to lath and plaster.