hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Children of Troubled Times
Children of Troubled Times, also known as Fēngyún Érnǚ, Scenes of City Life, Sons and Daughters of the Storm, Storm Sons and Daughters, Children of the Storm, and several other translations, is a patriotic 1935 Chinese film most famous as the origin of "The March of the Volunteers", the national anthem of the People's Republic of China. The movie was directed by Xu Xingzhi and written by Tian Han and Xia Yan. Yuan Muzhi plays an intellectual who flees the trouble in Shanghai to pursue the glamorous Wang Renmei only to join the Chinese resistance after the death of his friend.

Xia Yan (playwright)
Xia Yan (Chinese: 夏衍; pinyin: Xià Yǎn; Wade–Giles: Hsia Yen; 30 October 1900 – 6 February 1995) was a left-lean Chinese playwright and screenwriter, and the People's Republic of China's Deputy Minister of Culture between 1954 and 1965.

Among the dozens of plays and screenplays penned by Xia Yan, the most renowned include Under the Eaves of Shanghai (1937) and The Fascist Bacillus (1944). Today the Xia Yan Film Literature Award is named in his honor.
Len Bowe
Henry Leonard Bowe (27 October 1885 – 22 May 1954) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Bowe was a specialist defender and played in back to back Essendon premiership teams in 1911 and 1912.

In 1912 he also represented Victoria in two interstate matches against the South Australians.

He retired in 1920 after he began suffering from athlete's heart.

Athletic heart syndrome
Athletic heart syndrome (AHS; also called athlete's heart, athletic bradycardia, or exercise-induced cardiomegaly) is a non-pathological condition commonly seen in sports medicine in which the human heart is enlarged, and the resting heart rate is lower than normal.

Athlete's heart is associated with physiological cardiac remodeling as a consequence of repetitive cardiac loading. Athlete's heart is common in athletes who routinely exercise more than an hour a day, and occurs primarily in endurance athletes, though it can occasionally arise in heavy weight trainers. The condition is generally considered benign, but may occasionally hide a serious medical condition, or may even be mistaken for one.
Jack Ridley (engineer)
John Wallace Ridley QSO ED (29 April 1919 – 23 August 2006) was a New Zealand Member of Parliament for Taupo in the North Island, a Rhodes Scholar and a civil engineer. He was notable for his contributions to hydro engineering.

Efficiency Decoration
The Efficiency Decoration, post-nominal letters TD for recipients serving in the Territorial Army of the United Kingdom or ED for those serving in the Auxiliary Military Forces, was instituted in 1930 for award to part-time officers after twenty years of service as an efficient and thoroughly capable officer. The decoration superseded the Volunteer Officers' Decoration, the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration and the Territorial Decoration.

In the British Commonwealth, the decoration was gradually superseded by national decorations in some member countries, in Canada by the  Canadian Forces' Decoration in 1951, in the Union of South Africa by the John Chard Decoration in 1952 and in Australia by the Reserve Force Decoration in 1982. In the United Kingdom, the decoration was superseded by the Volunteer Reserves Service Medal in 1999. New Zealand continues to award the Efficiency Decoration (New Zealand) and is one of a few countries still to do so.
Penninic thrustfront
The Penninic thrustfront is a major tectonic thrustfront in the French Alps. The thrustfront moves over a developing decollement horizon, and separates the (internal) high grade metamorphic rocks of the Penninic nappes from the (external) sedimentary rocks and crystalline basement of the Helvetic nappes. The last are in France often called zone Dauphiné or Dauphinois.

Thrusting over the decollement horizon continues today, as the Apulian tectonic plate moves westward, converging with the Eurasian Plate.

Décollement
Décollement (from French  décoller 'to detach from') is a gliding plane between two rock masses, also known as a basal detachment fault.  Décollements are a deformational structure, resulting in independent styles of deformation in the rocks above and below the fault. They are associated with both compressional settings (involving folding and overthrusting) and extensional settings.
2018 St. Petersburg Open
The 2018 St. Petersburg Open was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 23rd edition of the St. Petersburg Open, and part of the ATP World Tour 250 Series of the 2018 ATP World Tour. It took place at the Sibur Arena in Saint Petersburg, Russia, from September 17 through 23, 2018.

Denis Istomin
Denis Olegovich Istomin (born 7 September 1986) is a former Uzbekistani professional tennis player. He reached a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 33, achieved on 13 August 2012 and a best doubles ranking of No. 59, reached on 8 October 2012. His most notable result is defeating second seed and defending champion Novak Djokovic at the 2017 Australian Open.

Istomin won two ATP Tour singles titles, at the 2015 Nottingham Open and 2017 Chengdu Open.
Pine Point Park
Pine Point Park is a park in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, located on the east end junction of Allenby Avenue and Hadrian Drive, near the intersection of Highway 401 and Islington Avenue. The park itself is bordered by Albion Road to the west, Highway 401 to the south, and Humber River to the east.

Pine Point Park was home to the Rexdale Streethawks ball hockey team.  The team practiced regularly in the park in an old lacrosse practice facility known locally as "The Box".  The team formed in 1989 and disbanded in 1991. Other features in the park include an outdoor swimming pool, four tennis courts, an indoor ice arena that is home to the Etobicoke Hockey League, and a banquet hall that serves the community.

Islington Avenue
Islington Avenue is a north–south route travelling through the City of Toronto and York Region. It runs from Lake Shore Boulevard West at 7th Street in the former Town of New Toronto to Highway 27 at the former town of Kleinburg, in the City of Vaughan north of Toronto. Islington Avenue is approximately 30.2 kilometres (18.7 mi) long. It runs through the former city of Etobicoke, serving as one of its main north–south arterials.
Mandelonitrile lyase
The enzyme (R)-mandelonitrile lyase (EC 4.1.2.10, (R)-HNL, (R)-oxynitrilase, (R)-hydroxynitrile lyase) catalyzes the chemical reaction

mandelonitrile  hydrogen cyanide + benzaldehyde

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the aldehyde-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is mandelonitrile benzaldehyde-lyase (hydrogen cyanide-forming). Other names in common use include hydroxynitrile lyase, (R)-oxynitrilase, oxynitrilase, D-oxynitrilase, D-alpha-hydroxynitrile lyase, and mandelonitrile benzaldehyde-lyase.  This enzyme participates in cyanoamino acid metabolism.  It has 2 cofactors: flavin,  and flavoprotein.

Cysteine
Cysteine (/ˈsɪstɪiːn/; symbol Cys or C) is a semiessential proteinogenic amino acid with the formula HS−CH2−CH(NH2)−COOH. The thiol side chain in cysteine enables the formation of disulfide bonds, and often participates in enzymatic reactions as a nucleophile. Cysteine is chiral, but both D and L-cysteine are found in nature. L‑Cysteine is a protein monomer in all biota, and D-cysteine acts as a signaling molecule in mammalian nervous systems. Cysteine is named after its discovery in urine, which comes from the urinary bladder or cyst, from Greek κύστις kýstis, "bladder".

The thiol is susceptible to oxidation to give the disulfide derivative cystine, which serves an important structural role in many proteins. In this case, the symbol Cyx is sometimes used. The deprotonated form can generally be described by the symbol Cym as well.

When used as a food additive, cysteine has the E number E920.

Cysteine is encoded by the codons UGU and UGC.
Summerly (horse)
Summerly (March 31, 2002 – March 30, 2021) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse best known for winning the Grade 1 Kentucky Oaks in 2005. She was sired by 1990 Preakness Stakes winner, Summer Squall and out of the Mr. Prospector mare, Here I Go.

Summerly raced from age two through age four and was then retired. She was sold at the November 2006 Fasig-Tipton broodmare sale for $3.3 million to WinStar Farm of Versailles, Kentucky. In 2008 and again in 2009, Summerly produced a colt by Distorted Humor. She produced a colt by Tiznow named State Line. She also had a filly by Kentucky Derby winner Super Saver. In 2018, she produced a filly by Carpe Diem.

Summerly died of colic on March 30, 2021, at the age of 19.

WinStar Farm
WinStar Farm is an American Thoroughbred horse breeding and racing farm near Versailles, Kentucky, owned by Kenny Troutt. It won the 2010 Eclipse Award for Outstanding Owner and 2016 Outstanding Breeder. WinStar Farm owned 2018 Triple Crown winner Justify, 2010 Kentucky Derby winner Super Saver, 2010 Belmont Stakes winner Drosselmeyer, and 2016 Belmont Stakes winner Creator. Notable stallions that have stood at stud at Winstar Farm include two-time Breeders' Cup Classic winner Tiznow, leading sire and broodmare sire Distorted Humor, and Triple Crown and Breeders' Cup Classic winner American Pharoah's sire Pioneerof the Nile.
ICSID Review
The ICSID Review—Foreign Investment Law Journal is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal covering foreign investment law and international investment dispute settlement. Until 2011 it was published by the Johns Hopkins University Press on behalf of the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID), an independent organ within the World Bank Group. From 2012, it is published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ICSID. The journal includes articles, case comments, documents, and book reviews on the law and practice relating to foreign investments as well as the procedural and substantive law governing investment dispute resolution. Its editorial board consists of Meg Kinnear and Campbell McLachlan QC (Co-Editors-in-Chief) and six Associate Editors:  Kabir Duggal and Esmé Shirlow (Associate Editors for Case Comments), Gloria Alvarez and Kiran Nasir Gore (Associate Editors for Book Reviews), and Chester Brown and Jeremy Sharpe (Associate Editors for Notes).

Johns Hopkins University Press
Johns Hopkins University Press (also referred to as JHU Press or JHUP) is the publishing division of Johns Hopkins University. It was founded in 1878 and is the oldest continuously running university press in the United States. The press publishes books and journals, and operates other divisions including fulfillment and electronic databases. Its headquarters are in Charles Village section of Baltimore, Maryland.

In 2017, after the retirement of Kathleen Keane, who is credited with modernizing JHU Press for the digital age, the university appointed new director Barbara Pope.
2018 CONCACAF League
The 2018 CONCACAF League (officially the 2018 Scotiabank CONCACAF League for sponsorship purposes) was the second edition of the CONCACAF League, a football club competition organized by CONCACAF, the regional governing body of North America, Central America, and the Caribbean.

Herediano defeated Motagua in the final to win their first CONCACAF League, and qualified for the 2019 CONCACAF Champions League to join the 15 direct entrants. Olimpia were the title holders, but did not qualify for this tournament and were unable to defend their title, and consequently their streak of participating in all ten editions of the CONCACAF Champions League since 2008 ended.

C.D. Olimpia
Club Deportivo Olimpia is a professional Honduran football club based in Tegucigalpa, Francisco Morazán. The club is the nation's most successful team both in the domestic league and in international club competitions.
Seme (semantics)
Seme, the smallest unit of meaning recognized in semantics, refers to a single characteristic of a sememe. These characteristics are defined according to the differences between sememes. The term was introduced by Eric Buyssens in the 1930s and developed by Bernard Pottier in the 1960s. It is the result produced when determining the minimal elements of meaning, which enables one to describe words multilingually. Such elements provide a bridge to componential analysis and the initial work of ontologies.

Componential analysis
Componential analysis (feature analysis or contrast analysis) is the analysis of words through structured sets of semantic features, which are given as "present", "absent" or "indifferent with reference to feature". The method thus departs from the principle of compositionality. Componential analysis is a method typical of structural semantics which analyzes the components of a word's meaning. Thus, it reveals the culturally important features by which speakers of the language distinguish different words in a semantic field or domain (Ottenheimer, 2006, p. 20).
Union of the Socialist Left
The Union of the Socialist Left (French: Union de la gauche socialiste, UGS) was a French movement of left-wing activists, founded on 7–8 December 1957 by dissidents from the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO); former members of the French Resistance, until then close to the Communist Party; social Christian trade-unionists (Ligue de la jeune République and the minority of the Confédération Française des Travailleurs Chrétiens (CFTC)). It was the first alliance between social Christians and Marxists. The UGS merged with the Autonomous Socialist Party in 1960 to form the Unified Socialist Party (PSU).

French Confederation of Christian Workers
The French Confederation of Christian Workers (French: Confédération française des travailleurs chrétiens; CFTC) is one of the five major French confederation of trade unions, belonging to the social Christian tradition.

It was founded in 1919 as the Trade Union of Employees of Industry and Commerce under the inspiration of Exupérien Mas with the goal of safeguarding the material as well as the spiritual interests of its members. In 1964, the union split, a majority founding the French Democratic Confederation of Labour (CFDT), a non-confessional trade-union.

The CFTC is a member of the International Trade Union Confederation and the European Trade Union Confederation. Its leader is Jacques Voisin.
1993 World Table Tennis Championships – Women's doubles
The 1993 World Table Tennis Championships women's doubles was the 41st edition of the women's doubles championship.
Liu Wei and Qiao Yunping defeated Deng Yaping and Qiao Hong in the final by three sets to one.

Deng Yaping
Deng Yaping (Chinese: 邓亚萍; pinyin: Dèng Yàpíng; born February 5, 1973) is a Chinese table tennis player, who won eighteen world championships including four Olympic championships between 1989 and 1997. She is regarded as one of the greatest players in the history of the sport.
Darius Adams
Darius Anthony Adams (born April 17, 1989) is an American-born naturalized Bulgarian professional basketball player who last played for the Shenzhen Leopards of the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA). Standing at 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m), he plays at the point guard position.

Shenzhen Leopards
Shenzhen Leopards Basketball Club, previously known as Shenzhen Aviators, are a Chinese professional basketball team which plays in the Southern Division of the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA) and The Asian Tournament. New Century is the club's corporate sponsor. The team is based in Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, and plays its home games at Shenzhen Arena.
Bohórquez
Bohórquez or Bohorquez is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abigael Bohórquez (1936–1995), Mexican playwright

Argemiro Bohórquez (born 1960), Colombian cyclist

Edith, Merylin and Mercedes Bohorquez, founders of the French women's football team now known as GPSO 92 Issy

Hernando Bohórquez (born 1992), Colombian cyclist

José Álvarez de Bohórquez (1897–1993), Spanish horse rider

Juan Bartolomé de Bohorquez e Hinojosa (1542–1633), Roman Catholic prelate

Juan Lozano Bohórquez (born 1955), Spanish footballer

Luis Fernando Bohórquez, Colombian actor

Pedro Bohórquez (1602–1667), Spanish adventurer

María de Bohórquez (1539–1559), Spanish Protestant martyr

José Álvarez de Bohórquez
José Álvarez de las Asturias Bohórquez y Goyeneche, 10th Marquess of Trujillos (23 March 1895 – 27 February 1993) was a Spanish horse rider. Álvarez de Bohórquez competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics and won the team jumping gold medal in the 1928 Summer Olympics. His name is also shortened to José Álvarez de Bohórquez, José Á. de Bohórquez, or José Álvarez.
Officinal
Officinal drugs, plants and herbs are those which are sold in a chemist or druggist shop. Officinal medical preparations of such drugs are made in accordance with the prescriptions authorized by a pharmacopoeia. Officinal is not to be mixed with the word official. The classical Latin officina meant a workshop, manufactory, laboratory, and in medieval Latin was applied to a general storeroom. It thus became applied to a shop where goods were sold rather than a place where things were made. Whereas official descends from officium, meaning office, as in duty or position.

In botanical nomenclature, the specific epithet officinalis derives from a plant's historical use in pharmacology.

Workshop
Beginning with the Industrial Revolution era, a workshop may be a room, rooms or building which provides both the area and tools (or machinery) that may be required for the manufacture or repair of manufactured goods. Workshops were the only places of production until the advent of industrialization and the development of larger factories. In the 20th and 21st century, many Western homes contained a workshop in either the garage, basement, or an external shed. Home workshops typically contain a workbench, hand tools, power tools, and other hardware. Along with the practical application of repairing goods, workshops are often used to tinker and make prototypes.

Some workshops focus exclusively on automotive repair or restoration although there are a variety of workshops in existence today.  Woodworking, metalworking, electronics, and other types of electronic prototyping workshops are among the most common.
WPGA International Challenge
The WPGA International Challenge was a women's professional golf tournament on the LET Access Series, held between 2013 and 2019 in Suffolk, England.

The event succeed the Challenge Tour's English Challenge, held at Stoke by Nayland Hotel, Golf & Spa in Stoke-by-Nayland 2010–2012. The 54-hole tournament, which was the only event on the LETAS schedule to be played in the United Kingdom during its run, featured an international field of 120 players.

Alice Hewson made her first appearance as a professional at the 2019 event, but lost by one stroke to Manon De Roey, who became the only player to defend her title after Lydia Hall narrowly lost out in 2018.

Alice Hewson
Alice Hewson (born 19 August 1997) is an English professional golfer and Ladies European Tour player. She won the 2020 Investec South African Women's Open and the VP Bank Swiss Ladies Open in 2024 and 2025. In 2019, she won the European Ladies Amateur.
Golden West (clipper)
Golden West was an 1852 extreme clipper built by Paul Curtis. The ship had a very active career in the California trade, the guano trade, the coolie trade, the Far East, and Australia. She made a record passage between Japan and San Francisco in 1856.

Extreme clipper
An extreme clipper was a clipper designed to sacrifice cargo capacity for speed. They had a bow lengthened above the water, a drawing out and sharpening of the forward body, and the greatest breadth further aft. In the United States, extreme clippers were built in the period 1845 to 1855. British-built extreme clippers include vessels built over the period 1854 to 1870 (Annandale to e.g. Norman Court).: 173–4, 253
Sauchie
Sauchie is a town in the Central Lowlands of Scotland. It lies north of the River Forth and south of the Ochil Hills, within the council area of Clackmannanshire. Sauchie has a population of around 6000 and is located one mile (1.5 kilometres) northeast of Alloa and two miles (three kilometres) east-southeast of Tullibody.

River Forth
The River Forth is a major river in central Scotland, 47 km (29 mi) long, which drains into the North Sea on the east coast of the country. Its drainage basin covers much of Stirlingshire in Scotland's Central Belt. The Gaelic name for the upper reach of the river, above Stirling, is Abhainn Dubh, meaning "black river". The name for the river below the tidal reach (just past where it is crossed by the M9 motorway) is Uisge For.
Ț
T-comma (majuscule: Ț, minuscule: ț) is a letter which consists of a t with a diacritical comma underneath it, and is distinct from t-cedilla. It is part of the Romanian alphabet, used to represent the Romanian language sound /t͡s/, the voiceless alveolar affricate (like the letter ⟨c⟩ in Slavic languages that use the Latin alphabet). The letter is also a part of the Finno-Ugric Livonian language alphabet, representing the /c/ sound.

It is written as the letter T with a small comma below and it has both the lower-case (U+021B) and the upper-case variants (U+021A).

The letter was proposed in the Buda Lexicon, a book published in 1825, which included two texts by Petru Maior, Orthographia romana sive Latino-valachica una cum clavi and Dialogu pentru inceputul limbei române, introducing ș for /ʃ/ and ț for /t͡s/.

Voiceless alveolar affricate
A voiceless alveolar affricate is a type of affricate consonant pronounced with the tip or blade of the tongue against the alveolar ridge (gum line) just behind the teeth. There are several types of median affricates with significant perceptual differences:

A voiceless alveolar sibilant affricate [t͡s] is the most common type, similar to the ts in English cats.

A voiceless alveolar non-sibilant affricate [t͡θ̠] – or [t͡θ͇], using the alveolar diacritic from the extIPA – is somewhat similar to the th in some pronunciations of English eighth. It is found as a regional realization of the sequence /tr/ in some Sicilian dialects of Standard Italian.

A voiceless alveolar retracted sibilant affricate [t͡s̺], also called apico-alveolar or grave, has a weak hushing sound reminiscent of retroflex affricates. One language in which it is found is Basque, where it contrasts with a more conventional non-retracted laminal alveolar affricate.

This article discusses the first two.
Nicholas of Tolentino
Nicholas of Tolentino, OSA (Latin: S. Nicolaus de Tolentino, c. 1246 – September 10, 1305) known as the "Patron of Holy Souls", was an Italian Catholic mystic who is invoked as an advocate for the souls in Purgatory, especially during Lent and the month of November. He was a member of the Augustinians, whose churches today, together with those of the Discalced Augustinians, hold weekly devotions to St. Nicholas on behalf of the suffering souls. November 2, All Souls' Day, holds special significance for the devotees of St. Nicholas. He was canonized in 1446.

Macerata
Macerata (Italian pronunciation: [matʃeˈraːta] ⓘ) is a city and comune in central Italy, the county seat of the province of Macerata in the Marche region. It has a population of about 41,564.

It is home to the University of Macerata (founded in 1290), making it one of Europe's oldest universities, specializing in humanities and social sciences, and located in a historic center with medieval walls.

One of the city's best-known landmarks is the Sferisterio, a large neoclassical open-air arena built in the 19th century, which later became a major venue for summer performances, including opera.