hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Foreigners in the Homeland
Foreigners in the Homeland: The Spanish American New Novel in Spain, 1962-1974  is a 2000 book by Mario Santana. The book is about the reception of the Latin American Boom. The book was reviewed in several academic journals including the Latin American Literary Review Press, Hispania, Modern Language Review, and Iberoamericana.

Modern Language Review
Modern Language Review is the journal of the Modern Humanities Research Association (MHRA). It is one of the oldest journals in the field of modern languages. Founded in 1905, it has published more than 3,000 articles and 20,000 book reviews.

Modern Language Review is published four times a year (in January, April, July and October). All articles are in English and their range covers the following fields:

English (including United States and the Commonwealth)

French (including Francophone Africa and Canada)

Germanic (including Dutch and Scandinavian)

Hispanic (including Latin-American, Portuguese, Catalan, and Galician)

Italian

Slavonic and East European Studies

General Studies (including linguistics, comparative literature, and critical theory)
Galkin
Galkin (masculine, Russian: Галкин) or Galkina (feminine, Russian: Галкина) is a Russian surname. It is derived from Galka (Russian: галка, jackdaw) 
Alternatively, among Eastern European Jews, Galkin may be an altered transliteration of Halkin, consistent with the common Eastern Slavic shift of the /h/ sound to /g/.

Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksey Galkin, Russian GRU officer

Aleksandr Galkin (1948–2018), Russian football coach and former football player

Aleksandr Galkin (born 1979), Russian chess grandmaster

Evgeni Galkin (born 1975), Russian professional ice hockey winger

Maxim Galkin (born 1976), Russian-Israeli comedian, singer, and TV host

Pavel Galkin (born 1968), Russian sprinter

Pavel Andreyevich Galkin (1922–2021), Soviet military pilot, Hero of the Soviet Union

Vladislav Galkin (1971–2010), Russian actor

Maxim Galkin
Maxim Alexandrovich Galkin (Russian: Максим Александрович Галкин; born 18 June 1976) is a Russian and Israeli comedian, television presenter and singer.  Galkin left Russia in March 2022 following the Russian invasion of Ukraine and was subsequently listed as a foreign agent by the Russian government.
Binod Kumar Shah
Binod Kumar Shah is a Nepalese politician. In the 1994 election he was elected to the Pratinidhi Sabha as the candidate of the Nepal Workers Peasants Party from the Dailekh-2 constituency. Shah won with 13640 votes against 6725 votes for Ranga Bahadur Shahi of the Nepali Congress. Shah later joined the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) along with his entire team in the districts of Bheri and Karnali zones, which caused a rift between NWPP and CPN(UML). In July 2005, he was appointed Assistant Minister for Water Resource by King Gyanendra. Now, he has been engaging in politics of Nepal being as a Central Committee member of Nepal Communist Party.

1994 Nepalese general election
General elections were held in Nepal on 15 November 1994 to elect the House of Representatives. The election took place after the Nepali Congress government collapsed and King Birenda called new elections. The results showed that the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) won the most seats in the House of Representatives and Man Mohan Adhikari became Prime Minister at the head of a minority government.
Blockade (Stargate Universe)
"Blockade" is the nineteenth and penultimate episode of the second season of the military science fiction television series Stargate Universe. The episode originally aired on May 2, 2011 on Syfy in the United States. The episode was directed by longtime director and producer of the Stargate franchise Andy Mikita. It was written by Linda McGibney.

In this episode, the drones set up blockades at various stars at which the Destiny wishes to recharge. Unable to engage in another battle with the drones, Eli (David Blue) comes up with the idea to recharge in a blue supergiant. However, because of the intense heat that a blue supergiant puts out, it is extremely dangerous and requires both Eli and Dr. Rush (Robert Carlyle) to stay behind to pilot the ship. The rest of the crew are forced to gate to a planet where their descendants once lived and scavenge for supplies as they await the fate of the Destiny.

David Blue (actor)
David Blue  is an American actor. He is known for his portrayal of Cliff St. Paul on Ugly Betty, Eli Wallace on the Syfy series Stargate Universe, and Rick Twitler on both Nickelodeon's Henry Danger and Danger Force.
Leo, Alberta
Leo is a locality in central Alberta, Canada within the County of Stettler No. 6. It is located on Range Road 360, approximately 17 km (11 mi) west of Highway 855. It is approximately 45 km (28 mi) east of Big Valley, located between Gough Lake and Cutbank Lake.

The locality is in census division No. 7 and the federal riding of Crowfoot.

Range road
A range road in Canada is a road that runs north–south along a range grid line of the Dominion Land Survey.  Range roads (Rge. Rd. or RR) are perpendicular to township roads (Twp. Rd.) which run east–west along the township grid lines.
Willy Zingg
Willy Zingg (who died in 1968) was a Swiss footballer who played for FC Basel. Zingg played as midfielder.

Zingg joined Basel's first team during their 1944–45 season under team manager Max Barras. After playing only in test games in his first season, Zingg played his domestic league debut for the club in the home game at the Landhof on 23 September 1945 as Basel won 2–0 against Brühl St. Gallen.

Zingg played for Basel during six seasons. He played a total of 13 games for Basel without scoring a goal. Six of these games were in the Nationalliga, one in the Swiss Cup and six were friendly games.

Swiss Cup
The Swiss Cup (German: Schweizer Cup; French: Coupe de Suisse; Italian: Coppa Svizzera; Romansh: Cuppa Svizra)  is a football cup competition that has been organised annually since 1925–26 season by the Swiss Football Association.

The Swiss Cup final is usually the most important game of the year with a high attendance. The competition is also shaped by games in the first rounds when villages celebrate the tie of their club with a professional team leading to infrastructure improvements and often thousands of spectators at the local football pitch. Since 1999 the cup winners earns the chance to qualify for the UEFA Europa League or the UEFA Conference League in accordance with the rankings of Switzerland in the UEFA coefficient.
Budakeszi District
Budakeszi (Hungarian: Budakeszi járás) is a district in western part of Pest County. Budakeszi is also the name of the town where the district seat is found. The district is located in the Central Hungary Statistical Region.

Pest County
Pest (Hungarian: Pest vármegye, pronounced [ˈpɛʃt]; German: Komitat Pest) is a county (vármegye) in central Hungary. It covers an area of 6,393.14 square kilometres (2,468.41 sq mi), and has a population of 1,339,090 (2023). The suburbs of Budapest surrounds the national capital Budapest and is the county's largest administrative unit (13.8%/1.3 million in 2013). It shares borders with Slovakia and the Hungarian counties Nógrád, Heves, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok, Bács-Kiskun, Fejér, and Komárom-Esztergom. The River Danube flows through the county. The capital of Pest County is Budapest, although Budapest is not part of Pest County. Starting 2018, they also constitute different NUTS:HU level 2 regions, as previously Pest County has lost catch-up aids from the European Union because of the high development of Budapest.
Joun
Joun (Arabic: جون) is a Lebanese village sitting on seven hills in the Chouf (Arabic: قضاء الشوف) district of South Governorate at a distance of 13 kilometers from the city of Sidon in Lebanon. Joun means "the corner" in Aramaic, and it is located in between Mount Lebanon and South Lebanon, forming a corner shape.

Joun is a village of approximately 7,400 inhabitants, who are mainly Greek Catholic, Shiite, and Maronite.

Chouf District
Chouf (also spelled Shouf, Shuf or Chuf; Arabic: جبل الشوف, romanized: Jabal ash-Shouf) is a historic region of Lebanon, as well as an administrative district in the governorate (muhafazat) of Mount Lebanon.
Balabanov
Balabanov (Balaban, Balabanoff, Ballabon, etc.) and their derivatives (-ovs, -ich, etc.) are common last names in North Macedonia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Ukraine and Russia. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksei Balabanov (1959–2013), Russian filmmaker

Andrey Balabanov, Soviet-born Ukrainian sprint canoer

Angelica Balabanov (1878–1965), Russian-Italian Marxist revolutionary, Comintern secretary in 1919–1921

Hanna Balabanova (born 1969), Ukrainian sprint canoer

Kostantyn Balabanov (born 1982), Ukrainian football player

Vasile Balabanov (1873–1947), provincial administrator of Imperial Russia

Vassily Balabanov
Vasily Vasilyevich Balabanov (Russian: Василий Васильевич Балабанов; 30 January 1873 – 27 January 1947) was a former governor of Turkestan in Imperial Russia, a governor of Semirechye, an SR and a commissar of the Russian Provisional Government.
2021 Newfoundland and Labrador municipal elections
Municipal elections were held in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador on September 28, 2021. This article lists the results in selected municipalities. Results are for mayoral elections unless otherwise specified.

Elections in the communities of Cottlesville and Summerford will be held on October 5, as they were postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Newfoundland and Labrador. Furthermore, the council vote in Logy Bay-Middle Cove-Outer Cove will be delayed, as only one candidate came forward. And in Kippens, the election was held on November 30 due to complaints of harassment on city council.

Summerford, Newfoundland and Labrador
Summerford is a small town on the central coast of Newfoundland in Canada. It is located just off Route 340, along Route 344. The Town of Summerford (formerly the Farmer’s Arm circa 1906) lies mostly on New World Island in Notre Dame Bay just off the coast of the island of Newfoundland. Strong's Island, which is connected to New World Island by Island Drive, is also a part of the town. Summerford had a population of 805 in 2021, down from 906 in the Canada 2016 Census. It is close to the neighbouring communities of Virgin Arm-Carter's Cove and Cottlesville.
The Discovery of France
The Discovery of France: A Historical Geography, from the Revolution to the First World War is a book by Graham Robb. It was published in September 2007 in the United Kingdom by Picador and in October 2007 in the United States by W. W. Norton and Company. The book, a result of cycling 14,000 miles (23,000 km) around France coupled with four years of research, is an in-depth examination of French national identity as seen through the diverse cultures and languages contained within the country.

W. W. Norton & Company
W. W. Norton & Company is an American publishing company based in New York City. Established in 1923, it has been owned wholly by its employees since the early 1960s. The company is known for its Norton Anthologies (particularly The Norton Anthology of English Literature) and its texts in the Norton Critical Editions series, both of which are frequently assigned in university literature courses.
Thais in the United Kingdom
Thais in the United Kingdom (also known as Thai Britons) are British citizens who trace their Thai ancestry from migrants who have migrated from Thailand or Thais residing in the United Kingdom for work or educational purposes.

Wat Buddhapadipa
Wat Buddhapadipa or the Buddhapadipa Temple (Thai: วัดพุทธปทีป, pronounced [wát pʰút.tʰá.pà.tʰîːp]; RTGS: Wat Phutthapathip) is a Thai Buddhist temple in Wimbledon, London. The temple is under Thai royal patronage.: 28 : 140
Lake George (Michigan–Ontario)
Lake George is a lake in  Chippewa County, Michigan, United States, and Algoma District, Northwestern Ontario, Canada, that lies between Sugar Island in Michigan on the west and the Ontario mainland on the east.

The lake is in the Great Lakes Basin and is part of Lake Huron and the St. Marys River. The primary inflow is the river arriving from Little Lake George at the north, and the primary outflow is the East Neebish Channel to the St. Joseph Channel at the south.

Algoma District
Algoma District is a district and census division in Northeastern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario.

The name was created by an American  ethnologist, Henry Rowe Schoolcraft (1793–1864), who was appointed Indian agent to the Ojibwe in Sault Ste. Marie region in 1822.  "Al" is derived from Algonquin, while "goma" is a variant of gomee, meaning lake or water.

Algoma District has shoreline along Lake Superior and Lake Huron. It has an international border crossing to the American state of Michigan, at Sault Ste. Marie. Historically, it was known for its lumber and mining industries.

The rugged scenery of the region has inspired works by Canadian artists, particularly the Group of Seven. They rented a boxcar from the Algoma Central Railway to travel on excursions through this region.
Karnöffel
Karnöffel is a trick-taking card game which probably came from the upper-German language area in Europe in the first quarter of the 15th century. It first appeared listed in a municipal ordinance of Nördlingen, Bavaria, in 1426 among the games that could be lawfully played at the annual city fête. This makes the game the oldest identifiable European card game in the history of playing cards with a continuous tradition of play down to the present day.

Fête
In the United Kingdom and some of its former colonies, a fête or fete is a public festival organised to raise money for a charity, typically held outdoors. It generally includes entertainment and the sale of goods and refreshments. Fêtes are typically held annually, in the summer months.
Tommi Pulli
Tommi Pulli (born 18 July 1992) is a Finnish speed skater.

Pulli competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for Finland. In the 1000 metres he finished 37th overall.

As of September 2014, Pulli's best performance at the World Single Distance Speed Skating Championships is 23rd, in the 2013 1000 metres. His best finish at the World Sprint Speed Skating Championships is 24th, in 2014. He won three medals at the World Junior Speed Skating Championships, including two silvers at 1000m.

Pulli made his World Cup debut in November 2010. As of September 2014, Pulli's top World Cup finish is 2nd in a 1000m B race at Harbin in 2012–13. His best overall finish in the World Cup is 36th, in the 1000 metres in 2012–13.

2014 World Sprint Speed Skating Championships
The 2014 World Sprint Speed Skating Championships, officially the Essent ISU World Sprint Speed Skating Championships 2014, were held in Nagano, Japan, from 18 to 19 January 2014.

The defending champions were Michel Mulder of the Netherlands for men and Heather Richardson of the United States for women. In the men's championships, Mulder was able to retain his title. Shani Davis of the United States won the silver, and Daniel Greig of Australia won the bronze, thereby clinching his nation's first-ever medal at an international long-track speed skating competition. In the women's championships, Yu Jing of China re-claimed her title from 2012, while her compatriot Zhang Hong won the silver, and Richardson had to settle for the bronze medal.
Dana Carey
Henry Dana Carey (February 3, 1903 – March 22, 1976) was an American football player.  A native of California, Carey attended the University of California, Berkeley.  He played college football for the California Golden Bears football team and was selected by Liberty as a first-team player on the 1925 College Football All-America Team.  He also received All-American honors in 1925 from the Associated Press (3rd team), the All-America Board (2nd team), and Collier's Weekly (2nd team).  While in college he was initiated into Sigma Pi fraternity.  In 1926, he played professional football for the Los Angeles Wildcats in the first American Football League.

After leaving football he became a dentist in Berkeley, California.  He died in 1976.

American Football League (1926)
The first American Football League (AFL), sometimes called AFL I, AFLG, or the Grange League, was a professional American football league that operated in 1926.  It was the first major competitor to the National Football League (NFL). Founded by Charles "C.C." Pyle, with General Charles X. Zimmerman as vice president and starring Hall of Fame halfback Harold Edward "Red" Grange, the short-lived nine-team league struggled to attract fans and players from the more established – then six-year-old – NFL. While Pyle's and Grange's New York Yankees team and the already established Philadelphia Quakers became reliable draws, the lack of star power and the uncertain financial conditions of the other seven teams led to the league's dissolution after one season.
Núi Cốc Reservoir
Núi Cốc Reservoir (Vietnamese: Hồ Núi Cốc) is an artificial lake, approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of the city of Thái Nguyên in Thái Nguyên Province, Vietnam, in Tam Đảo National Park. It is a popular visitor attraction on account of the legend associated with the 89 islands within the lake.

Thái Nguyên
Thái Nguyên (listenⓘ) is a city in Vietnam. It is the capital and largest city of Thái Nguyên Province. The city is listed as a first class city and is the ninth largest city in Vietnam. It has long been famous throughout Vietnam for its Tân Cương tea, among the most recognized Vietnamese tea regions. In 1959, it became the site of Vietnam's first steel mill, and is now home to a large and growing major regional university complex.
Maitland Manuscripts
The Maitland Manuscripts are an important source for the Scots literature of the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries. They contain texts of the work of the makars of the period and much material which is not attributed to any author.

There are two manuscripts, one in quarto form and another in folio form.

The folio manuscript largely consists of works by the leading authors of the era. The quarto manuscript is dominated by Mailtand's own writing.

Both volumes were compiled by the judge, statesman and author Richard Maitland of Lethington during the Sixteenth Century. Many of the pieces in the manuscripts are his own work.

The manuscripts are held in the Pepys Library of Magdalene College, Cambridge

Quarto
Quarto (abbreviated Qto, 4to or 4º) is the format of a book or pamphlet produced from full sheets printed with eight pages of text, four to a side, then folded twice to produce four leaves. The leaves are then trimmed along the folds to produce eight book pages. Each printed page presents as one-fourth size of the full sheet.

The earliest known European printed book is a quarto, the Sibyllenbuch, believed to have been printed by Johannes Gutenberg in 1452–53, before the Gutenberg Bible, surviving only as a fragment. Quarto is also used as a general description of size of books that are about 12 inches (30 cm) tall, and as such does not necessarily indicate the actual printing format of the books, which may even be unknown, as is the case for many modern books. These terms are discussed in greater detail in book sizes.
Justia
Justia is an American website specializing in legal information retrieval. It was founded in 2003 by Tim Stanley, formerly of FindLaw, and is one of the largest online databases of legal cases. The company is headquartered in Mountain View, California. The website offers free case law, codes, opinion summaries, and other basic legal texts, with paid services for its attorney directory and webhosting.

In 2007, The New York Times reported that Justia was spending around "$10,000 a month" in order "to copy documents" from the United States Supreme Court and publish them online, to be made available without the public paying fees. Law library research guides often refer to Justia. Duke Law School's law library's research guide notes how it is helpful for PACER.

Duke University School of Law
The Duke University School of Law is the law school of Duke University, a private university in Durham, North Carolina.

The school is a constituent academic unit that began in 1868 as the Trinity College School of Law. In 1924, following the renaming of Trinity College to Duke University, the school was renamed Duke University School of Law.
1978 Australia Day Honours
The 1978 Australia Day Honours were announced on 26 January 1978 by the Governor General of Australia, Sir Zelman Cowen.

The Australia Day Honours are the first of the two major annual honours lists, announced on Australia Day (26 January), with the other being the Queen's Birthday Honours which are announced on the second Monday in June.

Birthday Honours
The Birthday Honours, in some Commonwealth realms, mark the reigning monarch's official birthday in each realm by granting various individuals appointment into national or dynastic orders or the award of decorations and medals. The honours are presented by the monarch or a viceregal representative. The Birthday Honours are one of two annual honours lists, along with the New Year Honours. All royal honours are published in the relevant gazette.
Doxazosin
Doxazosin, the brand name Cardura among others, is a medication used to treat symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged prostate), hypertension (high blood pressure), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). For high blood pressure, it is a less preferred option. It is taken by mouth.

Common side effects include dizziness, sleepiness, swelling, nausea, shortness of breath, and abdominal pain. Severe side effects may include low blood pressure with standing, an irregular heart beat, and priapism. It is a selective α1-adrenergic blocker in the quinazoline class of compounds.

Doxazosin was patented in 1977 and came into medical use in 1988. It is available as a generic medication. In 2023, it was the 180th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions.

Oral administration
Oral administration is a route of administration whereby a substance is taken through the mouth, swallowed, and then processed via the digestive system. This is a common route of administration for many medications.

Oral administration can be easier and less painful than other routes of administration, such as injection.  However, the onset of action is relatively low, and the effectiveness is reduced if it is not absorbed properly in the digestive system, or if it is broken down by digestive enzymes before it can reach the bloodstream. Some medications may cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea or vomiting, when taken orally. Oral administration can also only be applied to conscious patients, and patients able to swallow.
Le Bougainville
Le Bougainville is the third ship of the Ponant Explorers-class of cruise ships operated by Ponant.  Each member of the class has been allocated the name of a famous French explorer, and Le Bougainville is named after Louis Antoine de Bougainville, a French admiral and explorer.

Built by VARD, Le Bougainville had her hull constructed in VARD's Tulcea yard in Romania.  By October 2018, she was ready to be transferred to the builder's Søviknes facility in Ålesund, Norway, for final outfitting.  She was delivered to Ponant in Norway in early April 2019.

On 8 April 2019, Le Bougainville departed from Søvik, Norway, for Malaga, Spain, where she began her maiden voyage on 15 April 2019.  She was christened on 4 June 2019 in Marseille.

Louis Antoine de Bougainville
Louis-Antoine, Comte de Bougainville (French: [buɡɛ̃vil]; 12 November 1729 – 31 August 1811) was a French military officer and explorer. After having served in the Seven Years' War and the American Revolutionary War, Bougainville later gained fame for his expeditions, including a circumnavigation of the globe in a scientific expedition in 1763, the first recorded settlement on the Falkland Islands, and voyages into the Pacific Ocean. Bougainville Island of Papua New Guinea as well as the flowering plant Bougainvillea are named in his honour.