hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mughal conquest of Bengal
The Mughal conquest of Bengal was a series of campaigns against the Sultanate of Bengal, then ruled by the Afghan Karrani dynasty, by the Mughal Empire from 1574 to 1612. The Mughals initially defeated the Sultanate of Bengal in the Battle of Raj Mahal in 1576, but the annexation of the region into their empire as the province of Bengal took in the subsequent periods.

Bikrampur
Bikrampur (lit. City of Courage) was a historic region and a sub-division of Dhaka within the Bengal Presidency during the period of British India. Located along the banks of the Padma River (a major distributary of the Ganges), it was a significant cultural and political centre in both ancient and medieval Bengal. Today, the region is part of the Munshiganj District in Bangladesh.
George Joseph Smith
George Joseph Smith (11 January 1872 – 13 August 1915) was an English serial killer and bigamist who was convicted and subsequently hanged for the murders of three women in 1915. The case became known as the Brides in the Bath Murders. As well as being widely reported in the media, it was significant in the history of forensic pathology and detection. It was also one of the first cases in which striking similarities between connected crimes were used to prove guilt, a technique used in subsequent prosecutions.

Tom Tullett
Eric Vivian Tullett, known as Tom Tullett (1915 – December 1991) was a renowned British Crime Journalist. He adopted the name Tom when he joined a busy National News Desk as a Crime Reporter.  He was a big man in every sense of the word, and was a much loved and respected figure in Fleet Street.  One of the last investigative journalists of his day, he died in 1991.
Microhyla darreli
Microhyla darreli is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae, the narrow-mouthed frogs. It is endemic to the Western Ghats south of the Palghat Gap in southern India. It is named for Darrel Frost, an American herpetologist, in recognition of the online database Amphibian Species of the World that he maintains. Accordingly, common name Darrel's chorus frog has been coined for this species.

Palakkad Gap
Palakkad Gap or Palghat Gap  is a low mountain pass in the Western Ghats between Coimbatore and Palakkad located in the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala respectively. It is located between the Nilgiri Hills to the north and Anaimalai Hills to the south.
2022 Oklahoma Sooners football team
The 2022 Oklahoma Sooners football team  represented the University of Oklahoma during the 2022 NCAA Division I FBS football season, the 128th season for the  Oklahoma Sooners. They played their home games at Gaylord Family Oklahoma Memorial Stadium in Norman, Oklahoma. They are a charter member of the Big 12 Conference. 2022 marked the first time the Sooners finished with a losing record since 1998. Despite this, the Sooners continued the streak of participating in a bowl game every season since 1999. They were led by first-year head coach Brent Venables.

1999 Oklahoma Sooners football team
The 1999 Oklahoma Sooners football team represented the University of Oklahoma in the 1999 NCAA Division I-A football season, the 105th season of Sooner football. The team was led by first-year head coach Bob Stoops. They played their home games at Oklahoma Memorial Stadium in Norman, Oklahoma. They were a charter member of the Big 12 conference.

Conference play began with a win over the Baylor Bears at home on September 18, and ended at home with a win over the Oklahoma State Cowboys in the annual Bedlam Series on November 27. The Sooners finished the regular season 7–4 (5–3 in Big 12), tied with Texas A&M for second in the Big 12 South. They were invited to the Independence Bowl, where they lost to the Ole Miss Rebels, 27–25.

Following the season, Stockar McDougle was selected 20th overall in the 2000 NFL draft, along with William Bartee in the second round.
Parascaris equorum
Parascaris equorum is a species of ascarid that is the equine roundworm. Amongst horse owners, the parasites are colloquially called "Ascarids".  This is a host-specific helminth intestinal parasite that can infect horses, donkeys, and zebras. Horses up to six months of age are the most susceptible to infection. After this time, infection rates begin to decline and is extremely uncommon in horses over twelve months of age. It cannot infect humans or other animals. It is yellow-white in color, and females can become as large as 15 inches (38 cm) in length. Found worldwide, P. equorum is one of the most difficult equine parasites to kill, requiring larger doses of more powerful anthelmintic medications than are needed for other equine parasites.

Anthelmintic
Anthelmintics, anthelminthics, antihelmintics or antihelminthics are a group of antiparasitic drugs that expel parasitic worms (helminths) and other internal parasites from the body by either stunning or killing them without causing significant damage to the host. They may also be called vermifuges (those that stun) or vermicides (those that kill). Anthelmintics are used to treat people who are infected by helminths, a condition called helminthiasis. These drugs are also used to treat infected animals, particularly small ruminants such as goats and sheep.

Anthelmintic medication is also used in mass deworming campaigns of school-aged children in many developing countries. Anthelmintics are also used for mass deworming of livestock. The drugs of choice for soil-transmitted helminths are mebendazole and albendazole; for schistosomiasis and tapeworms it is praziquantel.
Antal Nagy de Buda
Antal Nagy de Buda or Antal Budai Nagy (died near Kolozsvár, Kingdom of Hungary (today Cluj-Napoca, Romania), December 10–14, 1437) was a petty nobleman from Kolozs County, Transylvania, who led the first major peasant revolt in medieval Hungary in 1437. He died in the decisive battle during the revolt, which subsequently failed.

Because of his name, his family might have originated from Nagybuda, Transylvania. He lived in the neighbouring village of Diós.

Kolozs County
Kolozs County was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary, of the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom and of the Principality of Transylvania. Its territory is now in north-western Romania (north-western Transylvania). The capital of the county was Kolozsvár (present-day Cluj-Napoca).
Lotsij
Lotsij is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dirk Lotsij (1882–1965), Dutch footballer and Olympian

Geert Lotsij (1878–1959), Dutch rower and Olympian

Paul Lotsij (1880–1910), Dutch rower and Olympian

Paul Lotsij
Paulus Jan Lotsij (4 February 1880 in Dordrecht – 19 September 1910 in Amsterdam) was a Dutch rower who competed in the 1900 Summer Olympics.

He was part of the Dutch boat Minerva Amsterdam, which won the silver medal in the coxed fours final B.

He is the younger brother of Geert Lotsij.
John Holm
John Edgar Holm (born April 19, 1947) is a Canadian politician from Lower Sackville, Nova Scotia in the Halifax Regional Municipality. He represented the electoral districts of Sackville, and Sackville-Cobequid in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1984 to 2003 as a member of the New Democratic Party.

Holm entered provincial politics in the 1984 election, defeating Liberal Bill MacDonald and Progressive Conservative incumbent Malcolm A. MacKay in the Sackville riding. He was re-elected in the 1988 election. In the 1993 election, Holm ran in the new riding of Sackville-Cobequid, and was re-elected by almost 1,900 votes. Holm took over as interim leader of the NDP when Alexa McDonough resigned as leader in November 1994, and held the position until the election of Robert Chisholm as leader in March 1996. Holm was re-elected in the 1998 and 1999 elections. On January 15, 2003, Holm announced that he was not re-offering in the next election.

1988 Nova Scotia general election
The 1988 Nova Scotia general election was held on September 6, 1988, to elect members of the 55th House of Assembly of the province of Nova Scotia, Canada. It was won by the Progressive Conservative party.

John Dunsworth, who would later gain fame for playing alcoholic trailer park supervisor Jim Lahey on the TV series Trailer Park Boys, stood as the NDP candidate in Halifax Bedford Basin. He finished in third place with a little over 19% of the vote. His underdog campaign was later the subject of a short documentary.
2024 Estlink 2 incident
On 25 December 2024 at 12:26 EET, the Estlink 2 submarine power cable had an unplanned failure, reducing the Estonia–Finland cross-border capacity from  1,016 to 358 MW. Concerns about potential sabotage immediately arose due to other recent outages in the Baltic Sea region.

On the evening of the same day authorities were informed of disruptions to four telecommunications cables. Two cables belonging to the Finnish telecommunications company Elisa had been completely severed until Elisa finished their repairs on 6 January 2025. Repairs to the power cable itself are expected to take months and cost tens of millions of euros.

Finnish authorities are investigating the incident and suspect that the oil tanker Eagle S, believed to be part of the Russian shadow fleet, had intentionally caused the cable ruptures by dragging its anchor. The ship is being suspected of aggravated vandalism, an aggravated regulatory offense and aggravated communication interference.

Baltic region
The Baltic Sea Region, alternatively the Baltic Rim countries (or simply the Baltic Rim), and the Baltic Sea countries/states, refers to the general area surrounding the Baltic Sea, including parts of Northern, Central and Eastern Europe. Unlike the "Baltic states", the Baltic region includes all countries that border the sea.
Caulophacus discohexactinus
Caulophacus discohexactinus is a species of glass sponges belonging to the subfamily Lanuginellinae. It is known from a type specimen found in the Weddell Sea. The specific epithet was given to refer to the discohexactine shape of the species' microscleres.

Sponge spicule
Spicules are structural elements found in most sponges. The meshing of many spicules serves as the sponge's skeleton and thus it provides structural support and potentially defense against predators.

Sponge spicules are made of calcium carbonate or silica. Large spicules visible to the naked eye are referred to as megascleres or macroscleres, while smaller, microscopic ones are termed microscleres. The composition, size, and shape of spicules are major characters in sponge systematics and taxonomy.
Stefania Yakovleva
Stefania Yakovleva (Russian: Стефания Яковлева; Greek: Στεφανία Γιακόβλεβα; born 29 October 2007) is a Russian-born Cypriot figure skater. Competing in women's singles, she is the 2025 Gordion Cup champion and the 2025 Robin Cousins Cup silver medalist. She is the first Cypriot skater to qualify for the Winter Youth Olympic Games.

Cyprus Olympic Committee
The Cyprus Olympic Committee (COC; Greek: Κυπριακή Ολυμπιακή Επιτροπή; IOC Code: CYP) is National Olympic Committee representing the Republic of Cyprus. It is responsible for promoting the Olympic ideals on the island and for ensuring that Cyprus is represented with athletes at the Olympic Games and other multi-sport events.

Members of the committee are 31 sports federations, which elect the Executive Council composed of the president and twelve members.

The COC organized twice the Games of the Small States of Europe, in 1989 and in 2009.
A. Veerappan
A. Veerappan (21 June 1933 – 30 August 2005) was an Indian comedian, screenwriter, and film director. While having worked in more than 100 films. He is notable for his comedian roles along with fellow actor Nagesh in the 1960s.

He wrote comedy tracks for Suruli Rajan in most of the films in the 1970s. He debuted as a comedian in the film Tenali Raman (1956). He wrote comedy tracks for Goundamani and Senthil most of films in the 1980s and 1990s. His notable works such films as Vaidehi Kathirunthal, Udaya Geetham, Idaya Kovil, Karakattakaran, Chinna Thambi. The banana comedy in Karakattakkaran brought him to the peak of his fame and fetched him high accolades among movie buffs. The comedy brought Goundamani and Senthil to the peak of their fame.

Chinna Thambi
Chinna Thambi (transl. Little Brother) is a 1991 Indian Tamil-language romantic musical drama film written and directed by P. Vasu. The film stars Prabhu as the titular character, an uneducated village simpleton and Khushbu as Nandini, a homeschooled wealthy girl. Manorama, Radha Ravi, Uday Prakash, Rajeshkumar, and Goundamani play supporting roles. The music was composed by Ilaiyaraaja, and the film released on 12 April 1991.

The film was remade in Kannada as Ramachaari (1991), Telugu as Chanti (1992) and Hindi as Anari (1993). The film was one of Prabhu's biggest blockbusters and completed a 356-day run in 9 screens and 100-day run in 47 screens.
Cham Jangal, Ilam
Cham Jangal (Persian: چم جنگل) is a village in Rudbar Rural District, Central District, Sirvan County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 241, in 49 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Ilam province
Ilam Province (Persian: استان ایلام) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Ilam.

The province is in the western part of the country in Region 4 and covers 20,164.11 km2 (7,785.41 mi2). It shares 425 km (264 mi) of the border with Iraq, and also borders on the provinces of Kermanshah, Lorestan, and Khuzestan.
Journal of Health Economics
The Journal of Health Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes articles about health economics and related fields concerning human health care and medicine. The journal is published six times annually by Elsevier.

The editors-in-chief are M. Alsan (Harvard Kennedy School), Anderson (University of California, Berkeley), A. Balsa (University of Montevideo), M.K. Bundorf (Stanford University), C. Carpenter (Vanderbilt University), J. Cawley (Cornell University), J.P. Clemens (University of California, San Diego), M. Kifmann (Universität Hamburg), M. Lindeboom (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam), O.A. O'Donnell (Erasmus Universiteit), M. Shah
(University of California at Los Angeles), L. Siciliani (University of York), and K. Simon (Indiana University). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 3.883.

Erasmus University Rotterdam
Erasmus University Rotterdam (Dutch: Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam [eːˈrɑsmʏs ynivɛrsiˈtɛit rɔtərˈdɑm]; abbreviated as EUR) is a public research university located in Rotterdam, Netherlands. The university is named after Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus, a 15th-century Christian humanist and theologian.

Erasmus MC, the teaching hospital and medical school of Erasmus University, is one of the largest medical institutions in Western Europe and the foremost medical and trauma centers in the Netherlands.
Richard P. Huger House
The Richard P. Huger House, at 1901 Wilmer Ave. in Anniston, Alabama, United States, was built in 1888. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

It has also been known as the Brazelton House or the Huger-Brazelton House.  It was deemed "significant for its association with Dr. Richard P. Huger who was the first physician to practice in Anniston and who served two terms as mayor of the city from 1887-1891."

It is one of few surviving houses "of quality" from Anniston's construction boom of the 1880s.  It is basically Classical Revival in style, but with Shingle Style influence.

It is locally attributed to architect William H. Wood.

Anniston, Alabama
Anniston is a city and the county seat of Calhoun County in Alabama, United States, and is one of two urban centers/principal cities of and included in the Anniston–Oxford Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, Anniston had a population of 21,564. Named "The Model City" by Atlanta newspaperman Henry W. Grady for its careful planning in the late 19th century, the city is situated on the slope of Blue Mountain.
Courtney Hicks
Courtney Hicks (born December 15, 1995) is an American figure skater. She has won two medals on the Grand Prix series—silver at the 2015 NHK Trophy and bronze at the 2016 Rostelecom Cup—and two medals on the ISU Challenger Series. She took gold at two other senior internationals, the 2013 Ice Challenge and U.S. Classic.

John Nicks
John Allen Wisden Nicks (born 22 April 1929) is a British figure skating coach and former pair skater. With his sister, Jennifer Nicks, he is the 1953 World champion. As a coach, his skating pupils have included Peggy Fleming, pairs team Tai Babilonia and Randy Gardner, Kristi Yamaguchi, Paul Wylie, Sasha Cohen, Rory Flack and Ashley Wagner.
Industry classification
Industry classification or industry taxonomy is a type of economic taxonomy that classifies companies, organizations and traders into industrial groupings based on similar production processes, similar products, or similar behavior in financial markets.

National and international statistical agencies use various industry-classification schemes to summarize economic conditions. Securities analysts use such groupings to track common forces acting on groups of companies, to compare companies' performance to that of their peers, and to construct either specialized or diversified portfolios.

Financial analyst
A financial analyst is a professional undertaking financial analysis for external or internal clients as a core feature of the job. The role may specifically be titled securities analyst, research analyst, equity analyst, investment analyst, or ratings analyst. The job title is a broad one:
In banking, and industry more generally, various other analyst-roles cover financial management and (credit) risk management, as opposed to focusing on investments and valuation.
Ozerki, Ilovlinsky District, Volgograd Oblast
Ozerki (Russian: Озерки) is a rural locality (a khutor) and the administrative center of Ozerskoye Rural Settlement, Ilovlinsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 691 in 2010. There are 10 streets.

Ilovlinsky District
Ilovlinsky District (Russian: Иловли́нский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-three in Volgograd Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Ilovlinsky Municipal District. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is 4,155 square kilometers (1,604 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Ilovlya. Population: 33,168 (2010 Census); 34,358 (2002 Census); 31,678 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Ilovlya accounts for 33.9% of the district's total population.
Collegium of Accounting
The Collegium of Accounting (Revizion-kollegia, or of Revision or of Auditing; also College) was a Russian executive body (collegium), created in the government reform of 1717. It was de-established during the decentralising reforms of Catherine II of Russia. Its first President was Vasily Dolgorukov.

Vasily Lukich Dolgorukov
Prince Vasiliy Lukich Dolgorukov (Russian: Василий Лукич Долгоруков; 1672  8 November 1739) was a Russian diplomat and political minister. He served Peter the Great's government and was the most powerful man in the country in the later years of Peter II's reign.
Refuge du Carro
Refuge du Carro is a refuge in the department of Savoie in the region Rhône-Alpes, France. At an altitude of 2,760 m, this is the highest refuge of Savoy.

45°25′11″N 7°07′02″E﻿ / ﻿45.41972°N 7.11722°E﻿ / 45.41972; 7.11722

Savoie
Savoie (French pronunciation: [savwa]; Arpitan: Savouè or Savouè-d'Avâl, lit. 'Lower Savoy'; Italian: Savoia; Occitan: Savòia; English: Savoy, /səˈvɔɪ/) is a department in the region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Southeastern France. Located in the French Alps, its prefecture is Chambéry. In 2019, Savoie had a population of 436,434.

Together with Haute-Savoie, it is one of the two departments of the historical region of Savoy; the Duchy of Savoy was annexed by France in 1860, following the signing of the Treaty of Turin. The area is known for its numerous ski resorts and contribution to French cuisine, with culinary specialities such as fondue savoyarde, tartiflette, génépi, as well as various sorts of saucisson.
Wichita Falls Nighthawks
The Wichita Falls Nighthawks were a professional indoor American football team. They were based in Wichita Falls, Texas. The team was headquartered in Wichita Falls and played its home games at Kay Yeager Coliseum. The Nighthawks first joined the Indoor Football League as an expansion team in 2015. The Nighthawks were announced as a member of Champions Indoor Football (CIF) for 2018, however, due to litigation, the team ceased operations for the season.

The franchise started as an outdoor American football team that played in different minor leagues before joining the IFL. Their outdoor home was Memorial Stadium in Wichita Falls.

Expansion team
An expansion team is a new team in a sports league, usually from a city that has not hosted a team in that league before, formed with the intention of satisfying the demand for a local team from a population in a new area. Sporting leagues also hope that the expansion of their competition will grow the popularity of the sport generally. The term is most commonly used in reference to the North American major professional sports leagues but is applied to sports leagues in other countries with a closed franchise system of league membership. The term refers to the expansion of the sport into new areas. The addition of an expansion team sometimes results in the payment of an expansion fee to the league by the new team and an expansion draft to populate the new roster.
Walter G. Alexander
Walter Gilbert Alexander I (December 3, 1880 – February 5, 1953) was an American physician and Republican politician from New Jersey. He was president of the National Medical Association and the first African American to serve in the New Jersey Legislature.

New Jersey Legislature
The New Jersey Legislature is the legislative branch of the government of the U.S. state of New Jersey. In its current form, as defined by the New Jersey Constitution of 1947, the Legislature consists of two houses: the General Assembly and the Senate. The Legislature meets in the New Jersey State House, in the state capital of Trenton.
Ed Connor
Charles Edward "Ed" Connor Jr. (born August 13, 1955) is an American neuroscientist who has made important contributions to the neuroscience of object synthesis in higher-level visual cortex.
From 2009 he has been a professor of neuroscience at Johns Hopkins University. In 2007 Connor was appointed Director of the Zanvyl Krieger Mind Brain Institute at Johns Hopkins. Connor has interests in neuroaesthetics, the relation between neuroscience and beauty.

Neuroesthetics
Neuroesthetics (or neuroaesthetics) is a sub-discipline of applied aesthetics. Empirical aesthetics takes a scientific approach to the study of aesthetic experience of art, music, or any object that can give rise to aesthetic judgments. Neuroesthetics is a term coined by Semir Zeki in 1999 and received its formal definition in 2002 as the scientific study of the neural bases for the contemplation and creation of a work of art. Anthropologists and evolutionary biologists alike have accumulated evidence suggesting that human interest in, and creation of, art evolved as an evolutionarily necessary mechanism for survival across cultures and throughout history. Neuroesthetics uses neuroscience to explain and understand the aesthetic experiences at the neurological level. The topic attracts scholars from many disciplines including neuroscientists, art historians, artists, art therapists and psychologists.