hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mary Cathryn Ricker
Mary Cathryn Ricker (born December 15, 1968) is a labor leader, politician and educator in the United States, who is the current Executive Director of the Albert Shanker Institute, a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization dedicated to three themes: excellence in public education, unions as advocates for quality, and freedom of association in the public life of democracies. Its mission is to generate ideas, foster candid exchanges, and promote constructive policy proposals related to these issues. Toward these ends, ASI conducts original research, sponsors research, and organizes conferences and conversations in its three theme areas. Ricker previously served as a classroom teacher, Commissioner of Education for the State of Minnesota, as Executive Vice President of the American Federation of Teachers, and as President of the Saint Paul Federation of Teachers.

American Federation of Teachers
The American Federation of Teachers (AFT) is the second-largest teacher's labor union in America (the largest being the National Education Association). The union was founded in Chicago. John Dewey and Margaret Haley were founders.

About 60 percent of AFT's membership works directly in education, with the remainder of the union's members composed of paraprofessionals and school-related personnel; local, state and federal employees; higher education faculty and staff, and nurses and other healthcare professionals. The AFT has, since its founding, affiliated with trade union federations: until 1955 the American Federation of Labor, and now the AFL–CIO.
Rex v. Chisser
Rex v. Chisser, Court of King's Bench (1678), T. Ryan 275, 83 Eng. Rep. 142, is a criminal case interpreting possession and criminal intent in larceny.: 947  A merchant handed merchandise to Chisser, who then haggled over the price then ran out of the shop with the merchandise without agreeing to a price.: 947  At the time, common law was that larceny required a trespass to acquire possession.: 947  Although the property was handed to Chisser, the court found that although the merchant gave physical possession to Chisser, the property was still in legal possession by the merchant because there was no completed contract for the transfer in that the price was still being negotiated, and the act of running proved the felonious intent (felleo animo).: 947

Animo
Animo is a Latin legal term meaning 'with intention' or 'with purpose'.

Animo can be neutral or negative, "a double edged sword," but is more often negative - and rarely positive. It was formerly used only in criminal law, but later in tort cases, which was used by juries to determine "ill will" of the defendant, as in 'animosity'.

A number of Latinisms developed: animo furandi (intent to steal), animo felonico (intent to commit a felony), and animo defamadi (intent to defame). These were all negative, but neutral forms arose in estate law: animo testandi (animus testandi or testamentary intent) and animo revocandi (intent to revoke a will). Additional Latinisms include animo manendi (intent to remain) and animo revertendi (intent to return), which are essential elements of domicile.

Animus nocendi, derived from the word, is still used to describe the intent to commit a crime, and animus donandi to show the intent to give a gift or bequest.
Krystyna Skarżyńska (psychologist)
Krystyna Skarżyńska is Polish psychologist, professor of humanities, holding the positions of full professor at the SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities and the Institute of Psychology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, expert in political psychology  and social psychology.

She graduated from the Faculty of Journalism and Political Sciences, University of Warsaw. In 1993 she received the scientific title of professor in humanities.

SWPS University
SWPS University (Polish: Uniwersytet SWPS) is a private non-profit university in Poland, established in 1996. It operates six campuses across major Polish cities, with its primary campus located in Warsaw.

As of 2025, the university has an enrollment of over 17,800 students in undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral programs. This includes a growing international community of approximately 1,200 students from over 80 countries, spread across 56 full-time and 41 part-time programs. Additionally, around 4,000 professionals have enrolled in the 200 post-diploma professional courses offered by the university in the 2025/2026 academic year.
SEAT 131
The SEAT 131 is a mid-size family car produced by the Spanish car manufacturer SEAT from 1975 to the middle of 1984. The SEAT 131 was presented in May 1975 in the Barcelona Motor Show.

With SEAT having formed a partnership with Fiat, the SEAT 131 was a rebadged version of the Fiat 131, which had been presented nine months earlier in Turin. It received a few locally produced engines and other concessions to the Spanish market and was only offered with a 4-door sedan and five-door station wagon configuration.

The SEAT 131 entered production in early 1975 in Barcelona and up to the end of its production life cycle 412,948 units were produced.

Family car
A family car is a car classification used in Europe to describe normally-sized cars. The name comes from the marketed use of these cars to carry a whole family, locally or on vacations. Most family cars are hatchbacks or sedans, although there are MPVs, estates and cabriolets with the same structure as with the other body style. The term covers two types of family cars.
Packed bed
In chemical processing, a packed bed is a hollow tube, pipe, or other vessel that is filled with a packing material.  The packed bed can be randomly filled with small objects like Raschig rings or else it can be a specifically designed structured packing.  Packed beds may also contain catalyst particles or adsorbents such as zeolite pellets, granular activated carbon, etc.

The purpose of a packed bed is typically to improve contact between two phases in a chemical or similar process.  Packed beds can be used in a chemical reactor, a distillation process, or a scrubber, but packed beds have also been used to store heat in chemical plants.  In this case, hot gases are allowed to escape through a vessel that is packed with a refractory material until the packing is hot.  Air or other cool gas is then fed back to the plant through the hot bed, thereby pre-heating the air or gas feed.

Phase (matter)
In the physical sciences, a phase is a region of material that is chemically uniform, physically distinct, and (often) mechanically separable. In a system consisting of ice and water in a glass jar, the ice cubes are one phase, the water is a second phase, and the humid air is a third phase over the ice and water. The glass of the jar is a different material, in its own separate phase. (See state of matter § Glass.)

More precisely, a phase is a region of space (a thermodynamic system), throughout which all physical properties of a material are essentially uniform.: 86 : 3  Examples of physical properties include density, index of refraction, magnetization and chemical composition.

The term phase is sometimes used as a synonym for state of matter, but there can be several immiscible phases of the same state of matter (as where oil and water separate into distinct phases, both in the liquid state).
Amil (Galicia)
Amil, also known as San Mamede de Amil (literally, Saint Mammes of Amil) is a parish located in the municipality of Moraña, in Galicia. According to the municipal register of 2004, it had 472 inhabitants (253 women and 219 men), distributed across 16 population entities, representing a decrease compared to 1999 when it had 522 inhabitants. According to the Galician Institute of Statistics (IGE), in 2014 its population had fallen to 414 inhabitants, with 197 men and 217 women.

Parish (administrative division)
A parish is an administrative division used by several countries. To distinguish it from an ecclesiastical parish, the term civil parish is used in some jurisdictions, as noted below.

The table below lists countries which use this administrative division:
Abraham Lincoln (1924 film short)
Abraham Lincoln (1924) is a short film made in the Phonofilm sound-on-film process. The film was directed by J. Searle Dawley, produced by Lee de Forest, is based on the 1918 play Abraham Lincoln by John Drinkwater, and stars Frank McGlynn Sr. as Lincoln. McGlynn also played Lincoln in the play on Broadway.

Although no copies of the film appear to have survived, some photographs have been preserved.

In 1923, de Forest and Dawley produced a short Phonofilm, Lincoln, Man of the People, with Edwin Markham reading his poem of that title. In 1925, de Forest produced a Phonofilm, Memories of Lincoln, with 91-year-old Chauncey Depew giving his recollections of meeting Lincoln in person.

Frank McGlynn Sr.
Frank McGlynn Sr. (October 26, 1866 – May 18, 1951) was an American stage and screen actor who, in a career that spanned more than half a century, is best known for his convincing impersonations and performances as Abraham Lincoln in both plays and films.
Pyrenula macrospora
Pyrenula macrospora is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling crustose lichen in the family Pyrenulaceae. The lichen has a smooth olive-brown to fawn thallus marked with small white spots, and produces curved ascospores within convex fruiting bodies. It grows on the smooth bark of deciduous trees in oceanic climates, where it is found mainly in western coastal regions of Europe, Asia, and Macaronesia.

Pyrenulaceae
The Pyrenulaceae are a family of mostly lichenized fungi in the order Pyrenulales. The family was circumscribed by the German botanist Gottlob Ludwig Rabenhorst in 1870. Species in the family have a widespread distribution, but are especially prevalent in the tropics, where they grow with green algae on bark.
Eldar Ćivić
Eldar Ćivić (pronounced [ěldar tɕîːʋitɕ]; born 28 May 1996) is a Bosnian professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Russian Premier League club Baltika.

Ćivić started his professional career at Slovácko, before joining Sparta Prague in 2017, who loaned him to Spartak Trnava a year later. The following year, he signed with Ferencváros. Six years later, he switched to Baltika.

A former youth international for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Ćivić made his senior international debut in 2018, earning over 20 caps until 2024.

Magyar Kupa
The Hungarian Cup (Hungarian: Magyar Kupa, pronounced [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈkupɒ]), officially known as MOL Magyar Kupa for sponsorship reasons, is the Hungarian cup competition for football clubs. It was started by the Hungarian Football Association, in 1909, eight years after the commencement of the Hungarian League.

Besides all of the professional clubs of Hungary numerous amateur sides take part every year. These have to qualify through local cup competitions.

The most successful participant in the Magyar Kupa has been Ferencváros with 24 wins, followed by local rivals MTK with 12 cups. The current holder is Paks, having won their 1st title in 2024.
Gazetny Lane
Gazetny Lane (Russian: Газетный переулок, tr. Gazetny Pereulok) is a lane directed from the south to the north in the center of Rostov-on-Don, Russia. It measures 2,1 km (1,3 miles) long, belongs to Oktyabrsky and Leninsky Districts and before the October Revolution was known as Kazansky Lane. During the NEP it became established as a red-light district.

Red-light district
A red-light district or pleasure district is a part of an urban area where a concentration of prostitution and sex-oriented businesses, such as sex shops, strip clubs, and adult theaters, are found. In most cases, red-light districts are particularly associated with female street prostitution, though in some cities, these areas may coincide with spaces of male prostitution and gay venues. Areas in many big cities around the world have acquired an international reputation as red-light districts.
Dillon, West Virginia
Dillon is an unincorporated community in Raleigh County, West Virginia, United States. It was also known as Irish Mountain and is the location of St. Colman's Roman Catholic Church and Cemetery, which is on the National Register of Historic Places.

The community was named after the local Dillon family.

Raleigh County, West Virginia
Raleigh County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 74,591. Its county seat is Beckley. The county was founded in 1850 and is named for Sir Walter Raleigh. Raleigh County is included in the Beckley, West Virginia, Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Sabal mauritiiformis
Sabal mauritiiformis, commonly known as the Savannah palm, is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It grows in Mexico (Oaxaca, Chiapas, Campeche, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Veracruz), Central America, Colombia, Venezuela and Trinidad.

Tabasco
Tabasco, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Tabasco, is one of the 32 federal entities of Mexico. It is divided into 17 municipalities and its capital city is Villahermosa.

It is located in southeast Mexico and is bordered by the states of Campeche to the northeast, Veracruz to the west, and Chiapas to the south and the Petén department of Guatemala to the southeast. It has a coastline to the north with the Gulf of Mexico. Most of the state is covered in rainforest as, unlike most other areas of Mexico, it has plentiful rainfall year-round. The state is also home to La Venta, the major site of the Olmec civilization, considered to be the origin of later Mesoamerican cultures. It produces significant quantities of petroleum and natural gas.
Manuel Beltrán
Manuel Beltrán Martinez (born 28 May 1971) is a former professional road bicycle racer from Spain.   His finishes in the Tour de France are somewhat misleading as he was a lieutenant for his team leader. He was the team leader for numerous Vuelta a España rides and performed well.

Beltrán tested positive for EPO after the first stage of the 2008 Tour de France, according to L'Équipe 11 July 2008. The same date as the news broke, a spokesman for his team Liquigas said he would be suspended from the team and thrown out of that year's tour.  It was later confirmed that his B-sample also tested positive.

Beltrán was suspended for two years. In 2010, he had to pay his former team 100.000 euros because of his positive doping test in the Tour de France.

His name was also on the list of doping tests published by the French Senate on 24 July 2013 that were collected during the 1998 Tour de France and found positive for EPO when retested in 2004.

Vuelta a Andalucía
The Vuelta a Andalucía (Tour of Andalusia) or Ruta del Sol (Route of the Sun) is a regional Spanish road bicycle race first held in 1925. Since 2005, it has been a 2.1 category race on the UCI Europe Tour. The race became a part of the new UCI ProSeries in 2020. The nickname, Ruta del Sol, is in reference to the region's popular tourist coastline the Costa del Sol.

A women's edition of the race was established in 2022, as a category 2.1 UCI event.
Paul Melville
Paul Melville (27 December 1956 – 21 November 1978) was an Australian cricketer.  Melville was a right-handed batsman who played for the Victoria state cricket team. He died of brain hemorrhage in 1978.

Melville made his first-class debut for Victoria against South Australia in the 1976/77 Sheffield Shield.  He made 10 further first-class appearances for Victoria, the last coming against the touring England XI in the 1978/79 summer.  A hard-hitting batsman, Melville scored 511 runs at an average of 26.89.  He made four half centuries, with a high score of 86, against Western Australia.

In 1978, Melville played for Rishton Cricket Club in the Lancashire League, scoring over 1000 runs, the second most runs in the league, only behind future Australian captain Allan Border. At the start of the 1978/79 season, he played twice for Victoria, before being dropped from the side.  On 20 November 1978 he complained of a headache, and died from a brain haemorrhage the next day.

Rishton Cricket Club
Rishton Cricket Club is a cricket club in the Lancashire League, which plays its home games at Blackburn Road in Rishton, Lancashire, England. For the 2025 season their captain is Matt Leathert.

The club was formed in 1865 and became a founder member of the Lancashire League in 1892. The club has won the League on eight occasions. The club has employed many well-known cricketers as professionals including Sydney Barnes, Allan Donald, Michael Holding and Viv Richards.

Former Accrington Stanley chairman and local businessman, Eric Whalley, was club captain of Rishton.
Petershain station
Petershain/Hóznica  (German: Haltepunkt Petershain; Upper Sorbian: Dwórnišćo Hóznica) is a railway station in the municipality of Quitzdorf am See, Saxony, Germany. The station lies on the Węgliniec–Roßlau railway. Train services are operated by Ostdeutsche Eisenbahn.

Ostdeutsche Eisenbahn
Ostdeutsche Eisenbahn GmbH (ODEG; literally 'East German Railway') is a joint venture, founded in June 2002, of the Prignitzer Eisenbahn (part of the Netinera Group) and BeNEX, with each company owning 50% of the joint venture. It operates passenger services on eleven railway lines in Berlin, Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt; the system is so named because all the States it services, apart from the western half of Berlin, were part of East Germany.
Dave Trumfio
David Trumfio (born August 16, 1968) is an American record producer, mixer, engineer and musician, best known for his production work with artists including Wilco and his recordings with his band The Pulsars.

Franklin Bruno
Franklin Bruno (born December 29, 1968) is an American singer-songwriter, academic and writer originally from Upland, California. He has been a member of Nothing Painted Blue since its inception in 1986.

Bruno has written music criticism for online and print publications such as The Village Voice. In 2004, he received a doctorate in philosophy from UCLA. As of 2020, he is a lecturer at SUNY Purchase. Previously he has been a faculty member at Pomona College, Northwestern University, and Bard College.

In addition to his own recordings, Bruno worked on The Mountain Goats albums Tallahassee and The Sunset Tree.  He also records with The Mountain Goats frontman John Darnielle as The Extra Lens. Jenny Toomey and Calexico released Tempting, a collection of Bruno's songs, on Misra Records in December 2002.

Civics, the first album by Bruno's new band, The Human Hearts, was released by Tight Ship Records in 2007.
Mahatma Gandhi Road (Thiruvananthapuram)
Mahatma Gandhi Road is the most important north–south road in Thiruvananthapuram City situated in the state of Kerala, India. The road starts from one of the most busiest centre in the state at East Fort and ends near to the LMS Church in the Museum Road. It is one of the main business streets in the city and the state and always carries heavy traffic. The road is of 6km in length and is maintained by the Thiruvananthapuram Corporation.

Palayam, Thiruvananthapuram
Palayam or Cantonment, as it is locally known, one of the busiest localities in Thiruvananthapuram, the capital of Kerala State in India. It is home to many of the administrative, cultural, and educational institutions in

The name "Cantonment" is not much in use for the area, though that name is still associated with the police station near the Secretariat, "Cantonment Police Station". At present, "Cantonment House" serves as the official residence of the Leader of the Opposition.
The Betrayal
"The Betrayal" is the 164th episode of the NBC sitcom Seinfeld. This was the eighth episode for the ninth and final season. It aired on November 20, 1997. In this episode, Jerry betrays George by having sex with George's girlfriend Nina, right before Elaine invites all three of them to come with her to India for the wedding of Sue Ellen Mischke, Elaine's longtime rival. The episode is colloquially referred to as the "backwards episode" due to its reverse chronology, starting with the final scene and playing in reverse order. Written collaboratively by Peter Mehlman (a major writer for Seinfeld seasons 2 through 8 who was no longer on staff) and David Mandel (one of the new wave of Seinfeld writers), the episode bridges Seinfeld's final season to its past with scenes from George's engagement to Susan Ross and Jerry's moving in to his apartment, and with a format which evoked the series' early gimmick-based episodes like "The Chinese Restaurant" and "The Limo".

Elaine Benes
Elaine Marie Benes (/ˈbɛnɪs/) is a fictional character on the American television sitcom Seinfeld, played by former SNL cast member Julia Louis-Dreyfus. Elaine's best friend in the sitcom is her ex-boyfriend Jerry Seinfeld, and she is also good friends with George Costanza and Cosmo Kramer. Louis-Dreyfus received critical acclaim for her performance as Elaine, winning an Emmy, a Golden Globe and five SAG Awards. She reprised the role during season 41 of Saturday Night Live in 2016.
LabWindows/CVI
LabWindows/CVI (CVI is short for C for Virtual Instrumentation) is an ANSI C programming environment for test and measurement developed by National Instruments. The program was originally released as LabWindows for DOS in 1987, but was soon revisioned (and renamed) for the Microsoft Windows platform. The current version of LabWindows/CVI (commonly referred to as CVI) is 2020.

LabWindows/CVI uses the same libraries and data-acquisition modules as the better known National Instrument product LabVIEW and is thus highly compatible with it.

LabVIEW is targeted more at domain experts and scientists, and CVI more towards software engineers that are more comfortable with text-based linear languages such as C.

DOS
DOS (/dɒs/, /dɔːs/) is a family of disk-based operating systems for IBM PC compatible computers. It primarily consists of IBM PC DOS and a rebranded version, Microsoft's MS-DOS, both of which were introduced in 1981. Later, compatible systems from other manufacturers are DR-DOS (1988), ROM-DOS (1989), PTS-DOS (1993), and FreeDOS (1994). MS-DOS dominated the IBM PC compatible market between 1981 and 1995.

Although the name has come to be identified specifically with MS-DOS and compatible operating systems, DOS is a platform-independent acronym for disk operating system, whose use predates the IBM PC. Dozens of other operating systems also use the acronym, beginning with the mainframe DOS/360 from 1966. Others include Apple DOS, Apple ProDOS, Atari DOS, Commodore DOS, TRSDOS, and AmigaDOS.
Richtis Gorge
Richtis Gorge (Greek: Φαράγγι του Ρίχτη, Faraggi tou Richti) is a gorge in Crete, Greece (Map of Richtis Gorge here). It is a state protected park near Exo Mouliana, Sitia, eastern Crete (Greece) that starts at the traditional village Exo Mouliana, which is located on the national road between Agios Nikolaos and Sitia and ends at the secluded Richtis beach, just east of the village Kalavros. The hiking trail is about 4 km in length of moderate (spring/summer/autumn) to hard (winter) difficulty. Elevation difference between the starting point and the beach is about 350 meters. Rich vegetation (mainly platanus trees, wild berries and local flowers and herbs) and animal life (mainly local species of butterflies, small reptiles, birds and small mammals) can be observed along the way, as well as old stone bridges and water mills before it culminates with the Richtis Waterfall and beach, making Richtis gorge trail one of the most diversified hiking experiences in Crete.

Agios Nikolaos, Crete
Agios Nikolaos (Greek: Άγιος Νικόλαος [ˈaʝ(i)os niˈkolaos]) is a coastal town on the Greek island of Crete, lying east of the island's capital Heraklion, north of the city of Ierapetra and west of the city of Sitia. It is the capital of the Lasithi regional unit.

In 2021, the Municipality of Agios Nikolaos, which encompasses several surrounding villages, had 27,785 inhabitants, of whom 13,605 lived in the town. The town sits partially upon the ruins of the ancient city of Lato pros Kamara.