hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Xiaoyan Formation
The Xiaoyan Formation is a geological formation in Anhui, China whose strata date back to the Late Cretaceous. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. It overlies the older Qiyunshan Formation which it forms the Huangshan Basin with, and was deposited between the Campanian and Maastrichtian stages.

Campanian
The Campanian is the fifth of six ages of the Late Cretaceous epoch on the geologic timescale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). In chronostratigraphy, it is the fifth of six stages in the Upper Cretaceous Series. Campanian spans the time from 83.6 (± 0.2) to 72.2 (± 0.2) million years ago. It is preceded by the Santonian and it is followed by the Maastrichtian.

The Campanian was an age when a worldwide sea level rise covered many coastal areas. The morphology of some of these areas has been preserved: it is an unconformity beneath a cover of marine sedimentary rocks.
DatalogZ
DatalogZ (stylized as Datalogℤ) is an extension of Datalog with integer arithmetic and comparisons. The decision problem of whether or not a given ground atom (fact) is entailed by a DatalogZ program is RE-complete (hence, undecidable), which can be shown by a reduction to diophantine equations.

RE (complexity)
In computability theory and computational complexity theory, RE (recursively enumerable) is the class of decision problems for which a 'yes' answer can be verified by a Turing machine in a finite amount of time. Informally, it means that if the answer to a problem instance is 'yes', then there is some procedure that takes finite time to determine this, and this procedure never falsely reports 'yes' when the true answer is 'no'. However, when the true answer is 'no', the procedure is not required to halt; it may go into an "infinite loop" for some 'no' cases. Such a procedure is sometimes called a semi-algorithm, to distinguish it from an algorithm, defined as a complete solution to a decision problem.

Similarly, co-RE is the set of all languages that are complements of a language in RE.  In a sense, co-RE contains languages of which membership can be disproved in a finite amount of time, but proving membership might take forever.
Dandakharka, Dolakha
Dandakharka  was a village development committee in Dolakha District in the Janakpur Zone of north-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,827 people living in 760 individual households. On 10 March 2017, the Nepalese government announced the dissolution of the village development committees and the formation of gaunpalika. The land previously administered by the Dandakharta village development committee was merged to form the Melung Rural Municipality.

Rural municipality (Nepal)
A gaunpalika (Nepali: गाउँपालिका, romanized: Gāum̐pālikā, lit. 'rural municipality' Nepali pronunciation: [ɡãũ̯palika]) is an administrative division in Nepal. The Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development dissolved the existing village development committees and announced the establishment of this new local body. It is a sub-unit of a district. There are currently 481 rural municipalities.
Mutteristock
The Mutteristock is a mountain in the Schwyzer Alps, which rises 2,294 metres (7,526 ft) above sea level. It is located between the cantons of Glarus and Schwyz, Switzerland, overlooking the Wägitalersee and the Klöntalersee on its northern and southern side respectively. Its summit is the highest point of the subrange lying north of Pragel Pass. The mountain's slopes display bare limestone.

Pragel Pass
Pragel Pass (el. 1548 m.) is a high mountain pass in the Swiss Alps between the cantons of Schwyz and Glarus between Muotathal and Netstal. The pass itself is located in the canton of Schwyz.

The pass road is parallel to the road over Klausen Pass and has a maximum grade of 18 percent. The east side of the pass road is closed to motorized vehicles on Saturdays and Sundays, which makes it ideal for bikers.
Gaby Larrivée
Gaby Larrivée (born 4 February 1933 in Quebec City, Quebec) was a member of the House of Commons of Canada from 1988 to 1993. His background was in business.

He was elected in the 1988 federal election at the Joliette electoral district for the Progressive Conservative party. He served in the 34th Canadian Parliament after which he was defeated by Bloc Québécois candidate René Laurin in the 1993 federal election.

34th Canadian Parliament
The 34th Canadian Parliament was in session from December 12, 1988, until September 8, 1993.  The membership was set by the 1988 federal election on November 21, 1988, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1993 election.

There were three sessions of the 34th Parliament:
Heinrich Wilhelm Grauert
Heinrich Wilhelm Grauert (25 March 1804, in Amsterdam – 10 January 1852, in Vienna) was a Dutch born, German historian and classical philologist.

From 1821 he studied history and philology at the University of Bonn, where he was a pupil of Karl Friedrich Heinrich and August Ferdinand Naeke. At Bonn, he came under the influence of historian Barthold Georg Niebuhr, of whom he worked as a tutor to his son Marcus. In 1825 he received his doctorate with a dissertation on the fabulist Aesop, titled De Aesopo et fabulis Aesopicis. In 1827 he was appointed associate professor of history and classical studies at the Academy of Münster, where in 1836 he attained a full professorship of history. In 1850 he became a professor of history and director of the newly revised historical seminary at the University of Vienna, but died soon afterwards on 10 January 1852, aged 47.

University of Münster
The University of Münster (German: Universität Münster, until 2023 German: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, WWU) is a public research university located in the city of Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany.

With more than 43,000 students and over 120 fields of study in 15 departments, it is Germany's fifth largest university and one of the foremost centers of German intellectual life. The university offers a wide range of subjects across the sciences, social sciences and the humanities. Several courses are also taught in English, including PhD programmes as well as postgraduate courses in geoinformatics, geospational technologies or information systems.

Professors and former students have won ten Leibniz Prizes, the most prestigious as well as the best-funded prize in Europe, one Fields Medal and two Nobel Prizes. The University of Münster has also been successful in the German government's Excellence Initiative.
Henry N. Butler
Henry Nolde Butler (born February 16, 1954) is an American professor of law, economics, and public policy and former executive director of the Law and Economics Center at the Antonin Scalia Law School in Arlington, Virginia.

Butler formerly served as the director of the Judicial Education Program at the American Enterprise Institute-Brookings Institution Joint Center for Regulatory Studies. A conservative, he supports free markets with little regulation. He has acted as an expert witness in a legal cases involving antitrust, restrictive covenants, damages, joint ventures, and other issues.

Butler ran unsuccessfully as a Republican for the U.S. House of Representatives for Virginia's 11th congressional district in  1992; he lost the general election to Democrat Leslie L. Byrne.

General election
A general election is an electoral process to choose most or all members of a governing body at the same time. They are distinct from by-elections, which fill individual seats that have become vacant between general elections. General elections typically occur at regular intervals as mandated by a country's constitution or electoral laws, and may include elections for a legislature and sometimes other positions such as a directly elected president. In many jurisdictions, general elections can coincide with other electoral events such as local, regional, or supranational elections. For example, on 25 May 2014, Belgian voters simultaneously elected their national parliament, 21 members of the European Parliament, and regional parliaments.

In the United States, "general election" has a slightly different, but related meaning: the ordinary electoral competition following the selection of candidates in the primary election.
Tymienice, Łódź Voivodeship
Tymienice [tɨmjɛˈnit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zduńska Wola, within Zduńska Wola County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north-west of Zduńska Wola and 43 km (27 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Zduńska Wola County
Zduńska Wola County (Polish: powiat zduńskowolski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Zduńska Wola, which lies 41 kilometres (25 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Szadek, lying 12 km (7 mi) north of Zduńska Wola.

The county covers an area of 369.19 square kilometres (142.5 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 67,704, out of which the population of Zduńska Wola is 44,370, that of Szadek is 2,007, and the rural population is 21,327.
Caroline Müller (footballer)
Caroline Müller is a Swiss football striker who most recently played for Grasshopper Zürich in the Swiss Women's Super League. She has also played for Levante UD in the Spanish Superleague.

Müller was called up to the Swiss national team, firstly in a friendly against Japan in October 2017 and later in a World Cup qualifier against Albania in November 2017. She was an unused substitute in all of her international games.

Switzerland women's national football team
The Switzerland women's national football team represents Switzerland in international women's football.

Playing their first match in 1972, Switzerland did not enter their first major tournament until 2015, playing the World Cup, and then managed to qualify for Euro 2017, Euro 2022 and the 2023 World Cup in Australia and New Zealand.
G. Bhuvaraghan
G. Bhuvaraghan (c. 1927 – 23 February 2014) was an Indian politician and Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly as an Indian National Congress candidate from the Vridhachalam constituency in 1962, 1967 elections and as a Janata Party candidate in the 1989 election.

Virudhachalam Assembly constituency
Vridhachalam is a legislative assembly constituency in Cuddalore district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Before the 2008 delimitation, it was part of Chidambaram Lok Sabha constituency. Since 2008, it has been a part of Cuddalore Lok Sabha constituency. This constituency was won by popular actor Vijaykanth, during the 2006 Assembly election, under his new party Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu.
Ott Reinumäe
Ott Reinumäe (born 20 April 1984) is an Estonian footballer.

He was born in Kohila. In 2003 he graduated from Audentes Sports Gymnasium.

He began his football career in 1995 in FC Flora's Kehtna Football School. He has played for FC Valga and FC Lelle. In 2003–2004 he was a member of Estonia men's national football team.

FC Valga
FC Valga was an Estonian football club based in Valga.

The club was founded in 1990 under the name of Valga Lokomotiiv.

The club ceased to exist at the end of 2005, when they joined with FC Warrior Valga, who inherited their place in Meistriliiga.
Scelba government
The Scelba government was the 10th cabinet of the Italian Republic, that held office from 10 February 1954 to 6 July 1955, for a total of 511 days (or 1 year, 4 months and 26 days).

After the election of Giovanni Gronchi as new president of Italy, Scelba resigned as prime minister.

Giovanni Gronchi
Giovanni Gronchi (Italian: [dʒoˈvanni ˈɡroŋki]; 10 September 1887 – 17 October 1978) was an Italian politician from Christian Democracy who served as the president of Italy from 1955 to 1962 and was marked by a controversial and failed attempt to bring about an "opening to the left" in Italian politics. He was reputed the real holder of the executive power in Italy from 1955 to 1962, behind the various Prime Ministers of this time. During his term he saw the fall of the Italian Empire in 1960, with the independence of the Somali Republic.
Clinic for Special Children
The Clinic for Special Children (CSC) is a primary pediatric and adult care and genetic research clinic located in Gordonville, Pennsylvania. The facility specializes in genetic problems of the plain sects, such as the Amish and Old Order Mennonites. It was founded in 1989.  The most common genetic disorders treated by the Clinic are glutaric acidemia type I (GA1), which is common in the Amish population and maple syrup urine disease (MSUD), which has a high prevalence in the Old Order Mennonites.

Maple syrup urine disease
Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a rare, inherited metabolic disorder that affects the body's ability to metabolize amino acids due to a deficiency in the activity of the branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKAD) complex. It particularly affects the metabolism of amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine. With MSUD, the body is not able to properly break down these amino acids, therefore leading to the amino acids to build up in urine and become toxic. The condition gets its name from the distinctive sweet odor of affected infants' urine and earwax due to the buildup of these amino acids.
Ya (kana)
Ya (hiragana: や, katakana: ヤ) is one of the Japanese kana, each of which represents one mora. The hiragana is written in three strokes, while the katakana is written in two. Both represent [ja]. Their shapes have origins in the character 也.

When small and preceded by an -i kana, this kana represents a palatalization of the preceding consonant sound with the [a] vowel (see yōon).

や can be used by itself as a grammatical particle to connect words in a nonexhaustive list (see Japanese particles#ya).

Mora (linguistics)
A mora (pl. morae or moras; often symbolized μ) is a smallest unit of timing, equal to or shorter than a syllable, that theoretically or perceptually exists in some spoken languages in which phonetic length (such as vowel length) matters significantly. For example, in the Japanese language, the name of the city Ōsaka (おおさか) consists of three syllables (O-sa-ka) but four morae (O-o-sa-ka), since the first syllable, Ō, is pronounced with a long vowel (the others being short). Thus, a short vowel contains one mora and is called monomoraic, while a long vowel contains two and is called bimoraic. Extra-long syllables with three morae (trimoraic) are relatively rare. Such metrics based on syllables are also referred to as syllable weight. In Japanese, certain consonants also stand on their own as individual morae and thus are monomoraic.

The term comes from the Latin word for 'linger, delay', which was also used to translate the Greek word χρόνος : chrónos ('time') in its metrical sense.
GIMAP4
GTPase IMAP family member 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GIMAP4 gene.

This gene encodes a protein belonging to the GTP-binding superfamily and to the immuno-associated nucleotide (IAN) subfamily of nucleotide-binding proteins. The encoded protein of this gene may be negatively regulated by T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia 1 (TAL1). In humans, the IAN subfamily genes are located in a cluster at 7q36.1.

TAL1
T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia protein 1 (i.e. TAL1 but also termed stem cell leukemia/T-cell acute leukemia 1 [i.e. SCL/TAL1]) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAL1 gene.

The protein encoded by TAL1 is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor.
Bob Robison
Bob Robison is an American former slalom canoeist who competed from the late 1970s to the early 1990s. He won two medals at the 1979 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships in Jonquière, Quebec, with a gold in the C-1 team event and a bronze in the C-1 event.

Robison co-founded travel management software company Outtask, Inc. which was subsequently acquired by Concur Technologies in January 2006. He remained with the merged company, leading Concur's global services until after the SAP- Concur acquisition in 2014. Robison currently resides in the Washington, D.C., area with his wife and three daughters.

Jonquière
Jonquière (/ʒɒŋˈkjɛər/; French pronunciation: [ʒɔ̃kjɛʁ]; 2021 population: 60,250) is a borough (arrondissement) of the city of Saguenay in the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region of Quebec, Canada. It is located on the Saguenay River, near the borough of Chicoutimi.
Raymond Joseph
Raymond Alcide Joseph (born August 31, 1931) is a Haitian diplomat, journalist, political activist and author. He was the Haitian ambassador to the United States from 2005 to 2010, and he resigned to be considered for candidacy in the 2010 Haitian presidential election. He is founder of the largest Haitian newspaper Haïti Observateur, based out of Brooklyn, New York, that circulates not only for the Haitian diaspora but in Haiti as well. He infamously ran an informant operation of sources surrounding, in, and out of the presidential palace in Haiti during the Duvalier authoritarian years, that leaked information for him to report, all while avoiding an attempt on his life.

Duvalier family
The Duvalier family (French: Dynastie des Duvalier; Haitian Creole: Dinasti Duvalier) was a totalitarian hereditary dictatorship in Haiti that lasted almost 29 years, from 1957 until 1986, spanning the rule of the father-and-son duo François Duvalier ("Papa Doc") and Jean-Claude Duvalier ("Baby Doc").
THP-1 cell line
THP-1 is a human monocytic cell line derived from an acute monocytic leukemia patient. It is used to test leukemia cell lines in immunocytochemical analysis of protein-protein interactions, and immunohistochemistry.

Immunocytochemistry
Immunocytochemistry (ICC) is a common laboratory technique that is used to anatomically visualize the localization of a specific protein or antigen in cells by use of a specific primary antibody that binds to it. The primary antibody allows visualization of the protein under a fluorescence microscope when it is bound by a secondary antibody that has a conjugated fluorophore. ICC allows researchers to evaluate whether or not cells in a particular sample express the antigen in question. In cases where an immunopositive signal is found, ICC also allows researchers to determine which sub-cellular compartments are expressing the antigen.
Wenat (sternwheeler)
Wenat was a stern-wheel steamboat that, under the name Swan, was built and operated, briefly, on the Tualatin River, in the state of Oregon.  In 1858, Swan was sold, moved to the lower Willamette River, renamed Cowlitz, and placed on a route between Portland, Oregon the Cowlitz River.

In 1868, Cowlitz was rebuilt, renamed Wenat, which was operated from 1868 to 1875 on the Willamette and Cowlitz rivers.  In 1875, was transferred to Puget Sound, where it operated on several rivers flowing into the sound, including the Duwamish, the Puyallup, and the Skagit, before being converted into an unpowered barge in 1878.

Skagit River
The Skagit River (/ˈskædʒɪt/ SKAJ-it) is a river in southwestern British Columbia in Canada and northwestern Washington in the United States, approximately 150 mi (240 km) long. The river and its tributaries drain an area of 1.7 million acres (690,000 hectares) of the Cascade Range along the northern end of Puget Sound and flows into the sound.

The Skagit watershed is characterized by a temperate, mid-latitude, maritime climate. Temperatures range widely throughout the watershed. Recorded temperatures at Newhalem range from a low of −6 °F (−21 °C) to a high of 109 °F (43 °C), with greater extremes likely in the mountains. The highest temperatures are commonly recorded in July; the lowest are in January.
Lightning in religion
The presence of lightning in religion is an historically existing and currently existing cultural aspect where-by the phenomenon of lightning has been or is viewed as part of a deity or a deity in and of itself, or as a component of a religious practice.

Perkūnas
Perkūnas (Lithuanian: Perkūnas, Latvian: Pērkons, Prussian: Perkūns, Perkunos, Sudovian: Parkuns, Latgalian: Pārkiuņs)  was the common Baltic god of thunder, and the second most important deity in the Baltic pantheon after Dievas. In both Lithuanian and Latvian mythology, he is documented as the god of sky, thunder, lightning, storms, rain, fire, war, law, order, fertility, mountains, and oak trees.
The Younger Brother, or, The Amorous Jilt
The Younger Brother, or, The Amorous Jilt is a comedy written by Aphra Behn. The play was first performed and published posthumously in 1696, but was probably written in the late 1680s.

The first published version of this play (February 1696) included the first biography of Behn, and this was probably written by Charles Gildon.

It was staged at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane in London, likely in early February 1696. The original cast included John Verbruggen as Prince Frederick, Benjamin Johnson as Sir Rowland Marteen, George Powell as George Marteen, Hildebrand Horden as Welborn, William Pinkethman as Sir Merlin Marteen, William Bullock as Sir Morgan Blunder, Thomas Kent as Brittone, Frances Maria Knight as Mirtilla, Susanna Verbruggen as Olivia, Elizabeth Willis as Mrs Menage and Mary Powell as Lady Blunder.

Charles Gildon
Charles Gildon (c. 1665 – 1 January 1724), was an English hack writer and translator. He produced biographies, essays, plays, poetry, fictional letters, fables, short stories, and criticism. He is remembered best as a target of Alexander Pope in Pope's Dunciad and his Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot and as an enemy of Jonathan Swift. Due to Pope's caricature of Gildon as well as the volume and rapidity of his writings, Gildon has become the epitome of the hired pen and literary opportunist.

He is a literary source for many biographies of Restoration figures, although he appears to have propagated or introduced errors. Gildon's biographies are often the only biographies available, but they have often been shown to have invention in them.
Starburster
"Starburster" is a song by Irish rock band Fontaines D.C. It was released on the 17 April 2024 as the lead single from the band's fourth studio album Romance.

The song was the band's first entry on the UK Singles Chart, peaking at No. 57. It received critical acclaim and placed on several publications' year-end lists. It was listed as a top 10 song of the year by Business Insider, Consequence, The Guardian, The Independent and NME. Spin proclaimed it the Song of the Year. At the 67th Grammy Awards, the song received a nomination for Best Alternative Music Performance.

"Starburster" is featured as part of the official soundtrack for EA Sports FC 25 and was used in the premiere trailer and end credits for Borderlands 4 as well as the Netflix series Outer Banks, Black Rabbit, and House of Guinness. The song is also the main theme for the Paramount+ TV series MobLand.

Black Rabbit
Black Rabbit is an American crime thriller television miniseries created by Zach Baylin and Kate Susman for Netflix starring Jude Law and Jason Bateman. It was released on Netflix on September 18, 2025.
McVille Airport
McVille Airport (FAA LID: 6P7) is a privately owned, public use airport located six nautical miles (11 km) northeast of the central business district of Freeport, a borough in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, United States.

Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
Armstrong County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 65,558. The county seat is Kittanning. The county was organized on March 12, 1800, from parts of Allegheny, Westmoreland and Lycoming Counties. It was named in honor of John Armstrong, who represented Pennsylvania in the Continental Congress and served as a major general during the Revolutionary War. The county is part of the Greater Pittsburgh region of the commonwealth.