hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Convoy PQ 9/10
Convoys PQ 9/10 (1–10 February 1942) was an Arctic convoy sent from Britain via Iceland by the Western Allies to aid the Soviet Union during the Second World War. The departure of Convoy PQ 9 on 17 January had been delayed after the Admiralty received reports of a sortie by the German battleship Tirpitz.

Delays and other problems affected the ships due to form Convoy PQ 10 and rather than wait for the convoy to assemble, the freighter Trevorian sailed with Convoy PQ 9, which was renamed Convoy PQ 9/10. The convoy comprised three British, four Soviet, one US, one Norwegian and one ship registered in Panama.

The convoy was escorted from Iceland by three trawlers, then the light cruiser HMS Nigeria and the destroyers HMS Faulknor and HMS Intrepid. Close escort was by the Norwegian armed whalers HNoMS Hav and HNoMS Shika. On 7 February two Royal Navy minesweepers joined the convoy, which arrived safely in Murmansk.

Office of Public Sector Information
The Office of Public Sector Information (OPSI) is the body responsible for the operation of His Majesty's Stationery Office (HMSO) and of other public information services of the United Kingdom. The OPSI is part of the National Archives of the United Kingdom and is responsible for Crown copyright.

The OPSI announced on 21 June 2006 that it was merging with the National Archives. The merger took place in October 2006. The OPSI continues to discharge its roles and responsibilities from within the structure of the National Archives.
Contemode
Contemode, stylized in all lowercase, was a Japanese record label founded by Yasutaka Nakata in 2003. The label was based in Shibuya, Tokyo and specialized in a variety of music styles including electropop, Shibuya-kei, lounge, dance, and hardcore house. Yamaha Music Communications, the music subsidiary of Yamaha, was its official parent company, while Pony Canyon (from 2003 to 2006) and Avex Trax (from 2006 to 2013) served as its distributors. In 2013, the label officially ceased operations.

Lounge music
Lounge music is a type of easy listening music popular in the 1950s and 1960s. This music is meant to evoke in the listeners an emotion, or the feeling of being in a place with a tranquil theme such as a jungle, an island paradise or outer space. It emerged from Dixieland jazz, Latin dance, the croon, experimental music, and the gimmick song. The range of lounge music encompasses beautiful music–influenced instrumentals, and modern electronica (with chillout and downtempo influences), while remaining thematically focused on its retro–space age cultural elements. The earliest type of lounge music appeared during the 1920s and 1930s, and was known as light music.
Eye Against Eye
Eye Against Eye is a book of poetry by the American poet Forrest Gander published in 2005. It includes ten photographs by Sally Mann, for which Gander has written accompaniment pieces. It is divided into sections, and includes the following:

Sally Mann
Sally Mann (born Sally Turner Munger; May 1, 1951) is an American photographer known for making large format black and white photographs of people and places in her immediate surroundings: her children, husband, and rural landscapes, as well as self-portraits.
Luquan, Shijiazhuang
Luquan (Chinese: 鹿泉; pinyin: Lùquán; lit. 'Deer Spring'), formerly Huailu County (simplified Chinese: 获鹿县; traditional Chinese: 獲鹿縣; pinyin: Huáilù Xiàn) until 1994, is one of the eight districts of the prefecture-level city of Shijiazhuang, the capital of Hebei Province, North China. Luquan lies in the foothills of the Taihang Mountains and is around 17 kilometres (11 mi) west of the provincial capital, Shijiazhuang, which administers Luquan. The town of Huolu, locally pronounced “Huailu”, is the urban center of Luquan District.

Taihang Mountains
The Taihang Mountains (Chinese: 太行山; pinyin: Tàiháng Shān) are a Chinese mountain range running down the eastern edge of the Loess Plateau in Shanxi, Henan and Hebei provinces. The range extends over 400 kilometers (250 mi) from north to south and has an average elevation of 1,500 to 2,000 m (4,900 to 6,600 ft); its principal peak is Mount Xiaowutai. The Taihang's eastern peak is Mount Cangyan in Hebei; Baishi Mountain forms its northern tip.
Kuva Kuva Vaathugal
Kuva Kuva Vaathugal (transl. The Ducks) is a 1984 Indian Tamil-language film directed by Manivannan and produced by Panchu Arunachalam. The film stars Sivakumar, Sulakshana, Pandiyan and Ilavarasi. It was released on 14 January 1984.

Manivannan
Manivannan  (31 July 1953 – 15 June 2013) was an Indian actor, film director, screenwriter, voice artist, playback singer and social activist who worked in Tamil cinema. In a career spanning three decades, he went from being a story and dialogue writer for director Bharathiraja from 1980–82 to a successful director who thrived in experimenting with different genres, before becoming an actor. With over 400 films to his name, Manivannan was one of the most experienced actors in the field and directed exactly 50 films. Manivannan was mainly a supporting actor in films and often played the comedian, supporting character and villainous roles.

He supported various political parties, including the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and the Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, both active in the state of Tamil Nadu. He later became affiliated with the Naam Tamilar Katchi. He had also long been a supporter of Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism.
Lü Jun
Lü Jun (Chinese: 吕军; born 1967) is a Chinese executive and politician, currently serving as chairman and party branch secretary of the COFCO Corporation.

He was a representative of the 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party and is a representative of the 20th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party.

He was an alternate of the 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and is an alternate of the 20th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was elected by the 19th National Congress in 2017, and sat until the next National Congress was convened in 2022. It formally succeeded the 18th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and preceded the 20th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

The first plenary session in 2017 was responsible for electing the bodies in which the authority of the Central Committee is invested when it is not in session: the Politburo and the Politburo Standing Committee. It was also responsible for approving the members of the Secretariat, 19th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and its Standing Committee. The third plenary session in 2018 nominated candidates for state positions. The fourth plenary session issued a decision on modernizing governance.
Joe Potts
Joe Potts was a British racing driver, turned racing car manufacturer, of the 1950s. He designed and constructed his 'JP' racing cars for the Formula 3 and Formule Libre racing classes. These are among the few single-seater racing cars to have been manufactured in Scotland, and predate the Fisher, Jasag, Raptor and Rotor models.

Formula Libre
Formula Libre, also known as Formule Libre, is a form of automobile racing allowing a wide variety of types, ages and makes of purpose-built racing cars to compete "head to head". This can make for some interesting matchups, and provides the opportunity for some compelling driving performances against superior machinery. The name translates to "Free Formula" – in Formula Libre races the only regulations typically govern basics such as safety equipment.
2009–2010 Vale Inco strike
2009–2010 Vale Inco strike was a labour dispute in Port Colborne and Sudbury, Ontario which lasted from July 13, 2009 to July 8, 2010. Striking workers were part of United Steel Workers Local 6500. It was the longest strike in Canadian history at the time, surpassing the 1978 Inco strike.

The strike ended after 75% of the workers voted to ratify a new contract that would earn them a $2.46 cumulative hourly wage increase over the following four years and up to $4000 in back-to-work bonuses. The strike included multiple lawsuits which parties agreed to drop after the strike concluded.

Labor dispute
A labor dispute is a disagreement between an employer and employees regarding the terms of employment. This could include disputes regarding conditions of employment, fringe benefits, hours of work, tenure, and wages to be negotiated during collective bargaining, imposed through interest arbitration, or the implementation of already agreed upon terms. It could further concern the association or representation of those who negotiate or seek to negotiate the terms or conditions of employment.
Collariella bostrychodes
Collariella bostrychodes is a fungal decomposer of lignin and carbohydrate in the family Chaetomiaceae commonly found in soil and dung. The fungus is distinguished by a darkened collar-like ostiole around the ostiolar pore, giving the fungus its name. The fungus is highly variable in shape and form, giving raise to the belief that there are two subclades in the species. The ascospores range from lemon-shaped to nearly spherical with slightly pointed ends. It can grow to be pale green and later turn pale bluish grey or olivaceous with age. The fungus produces the toxic secondary metabolite, chaetochromin.

Chaetochromin
Chaetochromin, also known as 4548-G05, is an orally active, small-molecule, selective agonist of the insulin receptor. It has potent and long-lasting antidiabetic activity in vivo in mice. The drug may represent a novel potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of diabetes which is more convenient and tolerable to administer than injected insulin. It was discovered in 1981 in Chaetomium gracile fungi, and its interaction with the insulin receptor was identified in 2014.
Saint-Thurien, Finistère
Saint-Thurien (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ tyʁjɛ̃]; Breton: Sant-Turian) is a commune in the Finistère department of Brittany in north-western France.

It takes its name from Saint Turiaf of Dol, bishop of the ancient Diocese of Dol.

Finistère
Finistère (/ˌfɪnɪˈstɛər/; French: [finistɛʁ] ⓘ; Breton: Penn-ar-Bed [ˌpɛnarˈbeːt]) is a department of France in the extreme west of Brittany. Its prefecture is Quimper and its largest city is Brest. In 2019, it had a population of 915,090.
Taylor Lewan
Taylor Curtis Lewan (born July 22, 1991) is an American former professional football player who was a tackle for nine seasons with the Tennessee Titans of the National Football League (NFL).

Lewan played college football for the Michigan Wolverines, twice earning first-team All-American honors, and was selected by the Titans in the first round of the 2014 NFL draft. During his NFL career, Lewan was named to three consecutive Pro Bowls from 2016 to 2018. He was released by the Titans in 2023 after sustaining season-ending injuries in two of his final three seasons. Since retiring, Lewan has co-hosted the podcast Bussin' With The Boys with former Titans teammate and longtime former NFL linebacker Will Compton.

Big Ten Conference football individual awards
Coaches and media of the Big Ten Conference award the following individual honors at the end of each football season. In addition, the Chicago Tribune awards the Chicago Tribune Silver Football to the most valuable football player of the conference.
Geetbets
Geetbets (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌɣeːdˈbɛts]) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant. The municipality comprises the towns of Geetbets proper, Grazen and Rummen. On January 1, 2006, Geetbets had a total population of 5,765. The total area is 35.17 km2 which gives a population density of 164 inhabitants per km2.

Municipalities of Belgium
Belgium comprises 565 municipalities (Dutch: gemeenten; French: communes; German: Gemeinden), 285 of them grouped into five provinces in Flanders and 261 others in five provinces in Wallonia, while the remaining 19 are in the Brussels Capital Region, which is not divided in provinces. In most cases, the municipalities are the smallest administrative subdivisions of Belgium, but in municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants, on the initiative of the local council, sub-municipal administrative entities with elected councils may be created. As such, only Antwerp, having over 500,000 inhabitants, became subdivided into ten districts (Dutch: districten).

The Belgian arrondissements (Dutch: arrondissementen; French: arrondissements; German: Bezirke), an administrative level between province (or the capital region) and municipality, or the lowest judicial level, are in English sometimes called districts as well.
Machairoceratops
Machairoceratops (meaning "bent sword horned face"), previously known as the "Wahweap centrosaurine B", is an extinct genus of centrosaurine ceratopsian dinosaur known from the Late Cretaceous Wahweap Formation (late Campanian stage) of Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument, southern Utah, United States.

Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument
The Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument (GSENM) is a United States national monument protecting the Grand Staircase, the Kaiparowits Plateau, and the Canyons of the Escalante (Escalante River) in southern Utah. It was established in 1996 by President Bill Clinton under the authority of the Antiquities Act with 1.7 million acres of land, later expanded to 1,880,461 acres (7,610 km2). In 2017, the monument's size was reduced by half in a succeeding presidential proclamation, and it was restored in 2021. The land is among the most remote in the country; it was the last to be mapped in the contiguous United States.

The monument is administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) as part of the National Conservation Lands system. Grand Staircase–Escalante is the first and largest national monument managed by the BLM. Visitor centers are located in Cannonville, Big Water, Escalante, and Kanab.
Burley Hydro
Burley Hydro Scheme, also known as Greenholme Mill Hydro  is a micro hydroelectric scheme installed on the River Wharfe at Burley-in-Wharfedale, West Yorkshire, England. The power output of the hydro scheme is 330 kW with an annual output of 1,400 MWh and is the fourth hydro scheme on the river after the opening of similar power plants at Linton near Grassington, and two further downstream from Burley at Pool-in-Wharfedale and Garnett Wharfe at Otley. All of these schemes have been located on sites previously used to generate power from the water flow.

Grassington
Grassington is a town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. The population of the parish at the 2011 Census was 1,126. It is situated in Wharfedale, about 8 miles (10 km) north-west from Bolton Abbey, and is surrounded by limestone scenery. Nearby villages include Linton, Threshfield, Hebden, Conistone and Kilnsey.

Until 1974 it was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Craven, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.
2025 Africa Cup of Nations qualification Group L
Group L of the 2025 Africa Cup of Nations qualification was one of twelve groups that decided the teams which qualified for the 2025 Africa Cup of Nations final tournament in Morocco. The group consisted of four teams: Senegal, Burkina Faso, Malawi and Burundi.

The teams played against each other in a home-and-away round-robin format between September and November 2024.

Senegal and Burkina Faso, the group winners and runners-up respectively, qualified for the 2025 Africa Cup of Nations.

Senegal national football team
The Senegal national football team (French: Équipe de football du Senegal), nicknamed Les Lions de la Teranga (meaning: The Lions of Teranga), represents Senegal in men's international association football and is operated by the Senegalese Football Federation.

One of Africa's most famous national football teams, Senegal reached the quarter-finals of the 2002 FIFA World Cup, the second team from Africa to do so (after Cameroon in 1990). They managed to upset defending world champions France, finish second in their group, and beat Sweden in extra time in the round of 16, before losing to Turkey in the quarter-finals.

Senegal won two Africa Cup of Nations titles, in 2021 and 2025. Their first appearance in the competition was in 1965, when they lost 1–0 to Ivory Coast for fourth place. They hosted the 1992 African Cup of Nations, where they made it to the quarter-finals, and finished as runners-up in both 2002 and 2019.
Royal Victoria Railway
50°52′2.19″N 1°20′25.74″W﻿ / ﻿50.8672750°N 1.3404833°W﻿ / 50.8672750; -1.3404833
The Royal Victoria Railway runs for around 0.6 miles (0.97 km) through Royal Victoria Country Park in Netley, Hampshire, England, with views of Southampton Water. It is run entirely by volunteers. The line is built to the popular gauge of 10+1⁄4 in (260 mm) and runs every weekend throughout the year and all school holidays.

Southampton Water
Southampton Water is a tidal estuary north of the Solent and the Isle of Wight in England. The city of Southampton lies at its most northerly point, where the estuaries of the River Test and River Itchen meet. Along its salt marsh-fringed western shores lie the New Forest villages of Dibden, Hythe and Fawley, and the Fawley Refinery. On the slightly steeper eastern shore are the Southampton suburb of Weston, the villages of Netley and Hamble-le-Rice, and the Royal Victoria Country Park. To the south, Southampton Water enters the Solent between Calshot Spit and Hill Head.

Southampton Water is an estuary with major potential for land use conflicts. An area of urban development (the Waterside) runs in the narrow band of land between Southampton Water and the New Forest National Park. Villages such as Marchwood, Hythe, Dibden Purlieu, Holbury and Fawley have all experienced significant growth.
Margot Bennett (actress)
Margot Bennett (born Muriel Eisenberg; February 19, 1935) is an American publicist and former actress who appeared in various stage, television and film roles between the years 1957 and 1973. She is best known for her appearances in the films O Lucky Man! and Who Killed Teddy Bear, and for being the first wife of both actor Keir Dullea and, later, actor Malcolm McDowell.

The Nurses (TV series)
The Nurses is a serialized primetime medical drama that was broadcast in the United States on CBS from September 27, 1962, to May 11, 1965. For the third and final season, the title was expanded to The Doctors and the Nurses, and it ran until 1965, when it was transformed into a half-hour daytime soap opera. The soap opera, also called The Nurses, ran on ABC from 1965 to 1967.
Lawrence Park Township, Pennsylvania
Lawrence Park Township is the only first class township in Erie County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 3,824 at the 2020 census, down from 4,048 at the 2000 census. The 2010 census counted a population of 3,982, for a decline of 1.6% during the decade. The entire township is also listed as a census-designated place.

The township was established in 1910 as a company town for General Electric. It was named after USS Lawrence, flagship of Oliver Hazard Perry, and her namesake, James Lawrence, commander of USS Chesapeake during the War of 1812.

Company town
A company town is a place where all or most of the stores and housing in the town are owned by the same company that is also the main employer. Company towns are often planned with a suite of amenities such as stores, houses of worship, schools, markets, and recreation facilities.

Some company towns were established to improve living conditions for workers, but many have been regarded as controlling and/or exploitative. Others were not planned, such as Summit Hill, Pennsylvania, United States, one of the oldest, which began as a Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company mining camp and mine site nine miles (14 km) from the nearest outside road.
Mor Chhainha Bhuinya
Mor Chhainha Bhuinya (transl. My Cherished Land) is a 2000 Chhattisgarhi-language comedy drama film directed by Satish Jain with Shekhar Soni, Anuj Sharma, Poonam Naqvi, Jagriti Rai, Ashish Shendre, and Manmohan Thakur in lead roles. It is the first film to be made in Chhattisgarhi language after Ghar Dwar (1971).

Mor Chhainha Bhuinya was released on Diwali day on October 27, 2000. The film was a major commercial and critical success. The film produced by Shivdayal Jain, is recognized as Anuj Sharma's debut film and is credited for giving a major impetus to Chhattisgarh's own film industry or Chhollywood. After 24 years the director came out with a sequel Mor Chhainha Bhuinya 2.

Film industry
The film industry or motion picture industry comprises the technological and commercial institutions of filmmaking, i.e., film production companies, film studios, cinematography, animation, film production, screenwriting, pre-production, post-production, film festivals, distribution, and actors. Though the expense involved in making film almost immediately led film production to concentrate under the auspices of standing production companies, advances in affordable filmmaking equipment, as well as an expansion of opportunities to acquire investment capital from outside the film industry itself, have allowed independent film production to evolve.

In 2019, the global box office was worth $42.2 billion. When including box office and home entertainment revenue, the global film industry was worth $136 billion in 2018. Hollywood is the world's oldest national film industry, and largest in terms of box-office gross revenue.
Dichapetalum madagascariense
Dichapetalum madagascariense is a plant species originally described from Madagascar but now reported from many parts of mainland tropical Africa as well. It is reported from a wide region from Mozambique north to Tanzania and west to Liberia.

Dichapetalum madagascariense is a liana climbing over other vegetation.

Liana
A liana (/liˈænə/ lee-ANN-ə, also /-ɑːnə/ -⁠AH-nə) is a long-stemmed woody vine that is rooted in the soil at ground level and uses trees, as well as other means of vertical support, to climb up to the canopy in search of direct sunlight. The word liana does not refer to a taxonomic grouping, but rather a habit of plant growth—much like tree or shrub. It comes from standard French liane, itself from an Antilles French dialect word meaning 'to sheave'.
Richard the Qaid
Richard the Qaid (fl. 1166–1187) was a senior official (qāʾid, commander) of the royal council (curia regis or diwan) in the court of the Norman Kingdom of Sicily at Palermo during the latter years of the reign of William I of Sicily and during the regency of his wife, Margaret of Navarre, for their son William II. He was already the Great Chamberlain, or magister camerarius, when William I died in 1166.

Margaret of Navarre
Margaret of Navarre (Basque: Margarita, French: Marguerite, Spanish: Margarita, Italian: Margherita) (c. 1135 – 12 August 1183) was Queen of Sicily as the wife of William I (r. 1154–1166) and the regent during the minority of her son, William II.
Chronic Offender
"Chronic Offender" is a science fiction short story by Spider Robinson.  It was written as an homage to Damon Runyon, to whom it is dedicated.  The style echoes Runyon's, especially in its use of present and future tenses only throughout.  It was first published in 1981 in Rod Serling's The Twilight Zone Magazine.

Spider Robinson
Spider Robinson (born November 24, 1948) is an American-Canadian science fiction author. He has won a number of awards for his hard science fiction and humorous stories, including the Hugo Award 1977 and 1983, and another Hugo with his co-author and wife Jeanne Robinson in 1978.
Danny Freymark
Danny Freymark (born 9 April 1983 in Berlin) is a German politician serving as a member of the Abgeordnetenhaus of Berlin since 2011. He has served as deputy group leader of the Christian Democratic Union since 2021. From 2016 to 2021, he served as chief whip of the Christian Democratic Union.

Chief Whip
The Chief Whip is a political leader whose task is to enforce the whipping system, which aims to ensure that legislators who are members of a political party attend and vote on legislation as the party leadership prescribes.