hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2025 deaths in the United Kingdom
The following notable deaths of British people occurred in 2025. Names are reported under the date of death, in alphabetical order. A typical entry reports information in the following sequence:

Name, age, citizenship at birth, nationality (in addition to British), or/and home nation, what subject was noted for, birth year, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Widnes Vikings
The Widnes Vikings are an English rugby league club in Widnes, Cheshire, which competes in the Championship. The club plays home matches at DCBL Stadium. Founded as Widnes Football Club, they are one of the original twenty-two rugby clubs that formed the Northern Rugby Football Union in 1895. Their historic nickname is "The Chemics" after the main industry in Widnes, but now they use their modern nickname, "The Vikings".

The club enjoyed a period of success in the 1970s, 1980s, and early 1990s, and were frequently described as "Cup Kings" reaching the Challenge Cup Final 7 times in 10 years between 1975 and 1984. In 1989, after winning their third Rugby League Premiership, Widnes became the first official World Club Champions by beating the Australian champions Canberra Raiders 30–18 at Old Trafford. They have a strong local rivalry with Warrington Wolves.
Mount Tujuh
Mount Tujuh (Indonesian: Gunung Tujuh) is a caldera volcano in the Barisan Mountains of Sumatra. It has seven (tujuh) peaks, of which only three have been climbed. Mount Tujuh has a large caldera lake at its centre, Lake Gunung Tujuh. It is located within Kerinci Seblat National Park.

The mountain supports one of only three known wild populations of the tropical pitcher plant Nepenthes aristolochioides.

Kerinci Seblat National Park
Kerinci Seblat National Park is the largest national park on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia. It has a total area of 13,791 km2 and spans four provinces: West Sumatra, Jambi, Bengkulu, and South Sumatra.
Evely Kaasiku
Evely Kaasiku (born 13 September 1993) is an Estonian orienteering competitor who represents the clubs Helsingin Suunnistajat and JOKA.

At the European Orienteering Championships 2022 she won a silver medal in the middle distance.

She represented Estonia at the 2023 World Orienteering Championships in Flims and Laax, Switzerland. Qualifying for the final, she placed 10th in the middle distance.

European Orienteering Championships
The European Orienteering Championships were first held in 1962. They have been held biennially since 2000 and have been included in the Orienteering World Cup. From 2020, the European Orienteering Championships are held annually, with sprint events and forest events in alternate years.
Neil Mann (Australian footballer)
Neil Mann (26 August 1924 – 21 February 2013) was an Australian rules footballer, who played for Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He was a premiership player with them in 1953.

Mann was a key position player and won Collingwood's best and fairest in 1954. He also finished second in 1948 and again in 1953. Mann also polled well in the Brownlow Medal, finishing runner-up in 1954 after being third the previous season. He was Collingwood vice-captain from 1950 to 1955 and was a captain in 1956. He represented Victoria at interstate football from 1954 until 1956. In 1972, after 14 years as coach of the Collingwood reserves, he stepped up to coach the league side, spending three years as the senior coach.

Mann died on 21 February 2013 after battling ill health in recent years.

Brownlow Medal
The Charles Brownlow Trophy, better known as the Brownlow Medal (and informally as Charlie), is awarded to the best and fairest player in the Australian Football League (AFL) during the home-and-away season, as determined by votes cast by the four officiating field umpires after each game. It is the most prestigious award for individual players in the AFL.

The medal was first awarded by the Victorian Football League (VFL). It was created and named in honour of Charles Brownlow, a former Geelong Football Club footballer (1880–1891) and club secretary (1885–1923), and VFL president (1918–19), who had died in January 1924 after an extended illness.
Miyako Subprefecture
Miyako Subprefecture (宮古支庁, Miyako-shichō) was a subprefecture of Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. It was abolished in March 2009. Most of its functions were taken over by the Miyako Office of the prefecture.

It included the following cities and towns of Miyako Islands:

Miyakojima (city on Miyakojima, Ikemajima, Ōgamijima, Kurimajima, Irabujima, and Shimojishima)

Tarama (village on Taramajima and Minnajima), constituting Miyako District

Irabu Island
Irabu Island (伊良部島, Miyako: Irav-zuma), is an island in Miyakojima City, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. The island is connected to Miyako Island by a 3,540-metre-long (11,610 ft) bridge Irabu Ohashi (伊良部大橋‌), which was completed in January 2015. Irabu Island is also connected via six bridges to Shimoji-shima. There are multiple language variants spoken on the island: Nakachi-Irabu, Kuninaka, Sawada-Nagahama, and Sarahama (which is a variant of Ikema language spoken by descendants of emigrants from Ikema Island).
Pisagua case
The Pisagua Case is the name given to the legal actions taken surrounding the crimes that occurred in the torture center and prison camp installed in the town of Pisagua, during the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet in Chile.

Pisagua, Chile
Pisagua is a Chilean port on the Pacific Ocean, located in Huara comuna (municipality), in Tarapacá Region, northern Chile. In 2007, the new Tamarugal Province was established and the comuna of Huara, previously within the province of Iquique, was incorporated to the newly created province.
Aptynty
Aptynty [apˈtɨntɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Barciany, within Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.

Kętrzyn County
Kętrzyn County (Polish: powiat kętrzyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kętrzyn (former Rastembork), which lies 88 kilometres (55 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The county also contains the towns of Reszel, lying 16 km (10 mi) west of Kętrzyn, and Korsze, 19 km (12 mi) north-west of Kętrzyn.

The county covers an area of 1,212.97 square kilometres (468.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 66,165, out of which the population of Kętrzyn is 28,000, that of Reszel is 5,098, that of Korsze is 4,632, and the rural population is 28,435.
Danni Jensen
Danni Jensen (born 10 June 1989) is a Danish footballer who plays as a right-back for Boldklubben Frem. He has previously played for Danish Superliga club F.C. Copenhagen.

He was promoted to the first team at training start in the summer 2008, together with Jacob Albrechtsen. Although, both of them joined the first team at a training camp at La Manga Club in January 2008.

Jensen's first team debut came on 31 July 2008 in a UEFA Cup qualifier against Cliftonville from Northern Ireland. He played the whole second half on the right back after having substituted Zdeněk Pospěch in the half time.

Boldklubben Frem
Boldklubben Frem (also known as Frem, BK Frem or BK Frem Copenhagen) is a Danish sports club based in the Valby-Sydhavnen area of Copenhagen. It is best known for its semi-professional football team and its youth academy. Since its foundation in 1886, Frem has won the Danish Championships six times and the Danish Cup twice. Until the disastrous bankruptcy in 1993, Frem had played in the top division all but six seasons. After the bankruptcy the club fought its way back to the top of Danish football, but in 2010 it went bankrupt again and was demoted to the Copenhagen Series—the fifth tier in the Danish league system. After two back to back promotions, the club now participates in the Danish 2nd Division, the third tier.

The club also has a youth and amateur football branch, as well as a cricket team. It is also involved in the running of the KIES sports boarding school.
Richard Harvey (American football)
Richard Clemont Harvey (born September 11, 1966) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League. He played college football for the Tulane Green Wave and was selected in the 11th round of the 1989 NFL draft by the Buffalo Bills.

Tulane Green Wave football
The Tulane Green Wave football team represents Tulane University in the sport of American football. The Green Wave compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as a member of the American Athletic Conference (The American). The football team is currently coached by Will Hall, the team plays its home games in Yulman Stadium on its campus in Uptown New Orleans.
SunU-Monash BRT station
3°03′55″N 101°36′05″E﻿ / ﻿3.065329°N 101.601527°E﻿ / 3.065329; 101.601527

The SunU-Monash BRT station is located in Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor and is served by the BRT Sunway Line.

The station is located besides the Monash University Malaysia Campus and nearby Sunway University; both universities which this station is named after and serves. The station is also adjacent to SunMed BRT station which is on the same road.
The station is also located beside the BRT depot, and has a multi-storey parking lot.
Like other BRT stations on the line, this BRT station is elevated.

Subang Jaya
Subang Jaya is a city in Petaling District, Selangor, Malaysia. It comprises the southern third district of Petaling. It consists of the neighbourhoods from SS12 to SS19, UEP Subang Jaya (USJ), Putra Heights, Batu Tiga as well as PJS7, PJS9 and PJS11 of Bandar Sunway, the latter of which are partially jurisdictional within Petaling Jaya under the MBPJ. The city is governed by Subang Jaya City Council (MBSJ), which also governs other areas of the Petaling district, such as Puchong and Seri Kembangan. According to Subang Jaya City Council, Subang Jaya has a population of 968,930 in 2020, which makes it the sixth largest city in Malaysia by population.
CPAC (TV channel)
The Cable Public Affairs Channel (French: La Chaîne d'affaires publiques par câble), better known by its acronym CPAC (/ˈsiːpæk/ SEE-pak), is a Canadian specialty television channel owned by a consortium consisting of Rogers Communications, Vidéotron, Cogeco, Eastlink, and Access Communications. The channel is devoted to coverage of public and government affairs, including carrying a full, uninterrupted feed of proceedings of the House of Commons of Canada, with three audio channels, one untreated feed and, with the assistance of interpreters, one in each of the official languages.

Public affairs (broadcasting)
In broadcasting, public affairs radio or television programs focus on matters of politics and public policy. In the United States, among commercial broadcasters, such programs are often only to satisfy Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulatory expectations and are not scheduled in prime time.  Public affairs television programs are often broadcast at times when few listeners or viewers are tuned in (or even awake) in time slots known as graveyard slots; such programs can be frequently encountered at times such as 5-6 a.m. on a Sunday. Sunday morning talk shows are a notable exception to this obscure scheduling.

Harvard University claims that the public affairs genre has been losing popularity since the beginning of the digital era.
Lumumba (drink)
A Lumumba (Død tante, German: Tote Tante [dead aunt]) is a long drink. The origin of its name is unknown; critics state the beverage containing a shot of rum is named after slain Congolese politician Patrice Lumumba (who was shot on 17 January 1961). The term Død tante/Tote Tante is used on the western coast of Denmark, Northern Germany and the Netherlands, where the drink is the counterpart to the Pharisäer with coffee.

The drink consists of cocoa, sometimes accompanied by cream, and a shot of rum. Some alternatives replace the rum with amaretto or brandy: a popular version in Spain during La Movida Madrileña used the local chocolate milk drinks Cacaolat or Okey with a shot of Spanish brandy, such as Fundador or Soberano. In Spain, it was considered as a "cheap" version of a Brandy Alexander.

Depending on whether the hot or cold cocoa is used, the result is a Hot Lumumba or a Cold Lumumba.

Amaretto
Amaretto (Italian for 'a little bitter') is a sweet Italian liqueur originating from the comune (municipality) of Saronno. Depending on the brand, it may be made from apricot kernels, bitter almonds, peach stones, or almonds, all of which are natural sources of the benzaldehyde that provides the almond-like flavour of the liqueur. It generally contains 21 to 28 percent alcohol by volume.

When served as a beverage, amaretto can be drunk by itself, used as an ingredient to create several popular mixed drinks, or added to coffee. Amaretto is also commonly used in Italian and other cuisines, especially in recipes for confectionery and sweet baked goods.
Qrisp
Free and open-source software portal

Eclipse Qrisp (also referred to as Qrisp) is an open-source high-level quantum programming framework designed to simplify the implementation and development of quantum algorithms. Initially developed by Fraunhofer FOKUS  (Quality Engineering unit, Berlin), Qrisp enables programmers to write complex quantum circuits using familiar constructs (variables, loops, etc.) while automating low-level tasks like gate assembly and qubit management. Its design shifts the emphasis from hardware-specific gate manipulation to modern software paradigms, making quantum code more accessible to classical developers. The framework is written in Python and integrates with standard scientific libraries (e.g. NumPy, NetworkX, TensorFlow).

Qrisp is released as open-source software under an Eclipse Foundation project, and was publicly funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action for its initial development.

IQM Quantum Computers
IQM Quantum Computers is a Finnish quantum computing hardware and software company headquartered in Espoo, Finland. The company develops and commercializes quantum computers based on superconducting technology. Their goal is to become the leading European company in quantum computing hardware.
Andrew Steele (astrobiologist)
Andrew Steele is an astrobiologist at the Geophysical Laboratory at Carnegie Institution for Science. He uses traditional and biotechnological approaches for the detection of microbial life in the field of astrobiology and Solar System exploration. His research has led to discoveries of new forms of carbon in meteorites, new mechanisms of organic synthesis on Earth and Mars, and the presence of water in lunar and Martian rocks. Steele has developed several instrument and mission concepts for future Mars missions and was involved in NASA’s 2011 Mars Science Laboratory mission, as a member of the Sample Analysis at Mars team. He also tested instruments on board the Arctic Mars Analogue Svalbard Expedition in the Arctic.

Mars Science Laboratory
Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) is a robotic space probe mission to Mars launched by NASA on November 26, 2011, which successfully landed Curiosity, a Mars rover, in Gale Crater on August 6, 2012. The overall objectives include investigating Mars's habitability, studying its climate and geology, and collecting data for a human mission to Mars. The rover carries a variety of scientific instruments designed by an international team.
Khirbet Tibnah
Khirbet Tibnah (also Tibneh) is a tell (archaeological mound) located in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate of the West Bank, between the villages Deir Nidham and Nabi Salih. It was inhabited from the Early Bronze Age to the Ottoman period.

Khirbet Tibnah is identified with the ancient town of Thamna. The site was excavated in the 20th century by Yitzhak Magen but the work is unpublished. Further investigations were carried out in the 2010s and 2020s.

Toparches
Toparchēs (Greek: τοπάρχης, "place-ruler"), anglicized as toparch, is a Greek term for a governor or ruler of a district and was later applied to the territory where the toparch exercised his authority. In Byzantine times, the term came to be applied to independent or semi-independent rulers in the periphery of the Byzantine world.
Bilibil people
Prior to 1904, the Bilibil people lived on an island offshore from Madang, Papua New Guinea, trading clay pots along the coast from Karkar Island to western Morobe Province. The island was too small to produce enough food for the inhabitants, and the trade therefore was an essential element of their life. They moved to the mainland to their existing village site to improve their subsistence levels. They speak the Bilibil language, an Austronesian language.

Taro
Taro (/ˈtɑːroʊ, ˈtær-/; Colocasia esculenta) is a root vegetable. It is the most widely cultivated species of several plants in the family Araceae that are used as vegetables for their corms, leaves, stems and petioles. Taro corms are a food staple in African, Caribbean, Oceanian, East Asian, Southeast Asian and South Asian cultures (similar to yams).
The Roses of the Desert
The Roses of the Desert (Italian: Le rose del deserto) is a 2006 Italian film directed by Mario Monicelli, in his final film, and was loosely inspired by the romance Il deserto della Libia of Mario Tobino.

Mario Tobino
Mario Tobino (16 January 1910, Viareggio, Province of Lucca, Tuscany – 11 December 1991, Agrigento) was an Italian poet, writer and psychiatrist.

A prolific writer, he began as a poet but later wrote mostly novels. His works are characterized by a strong autobiographical inspiration and usually deal with social and psychological themes.
Alexei Sidorov
Alexei Sidorov, sometimes transliterated as Aleksei Sidorov, (December 29, 1971 – October 9, 2003), a Russian journalist and editor-in-chief for the Tolyatinskoye Obozreniye (Togliatti Review) in Tolyatti, Samara Oblast, Russia, was known for his investigations into the Russian mafia. Alexei was killed in what was suspected to be an organized crime contract killing.

Contract killing
Contract killing, sometimes known as murder-for-hire, is a form of murder or assassination in which one party employs another party to extrajudicially kill a targeted person or people via an illegal agreement that involves some form of compensation, monetary or otherwise. An act of contract killing is also known colloquially as a hit, and the person performing the killing (i.e. the contract killer or "contractor") is known as the hitman or (as borrowed from Spanish) sicario.

Organized crime gangs and syndicates sometimes employ dedicated members or associates as contractors (each known as an enforcer) to perform targeted assassination, lynching, maiming or other acts of violence, typically for purposes such as turf war, feud, extortion or as a form of political violence to terrorize dissidents or to demoralize other groups.
Pleisthenes (son of Atreus)
Pleisthenes (Ancient Greek: Πλεισθένης), in Greek mythology,  was the son of Atreus and Aerope. According to Hesiod, Pleisthenes married Cleolla, daughter of Dias, and  became the father of Agamemnon, Menelaus, and Anaxibia. Aeschylus also followed this tradition when he called the Atreidai "the race of Pleisthenes" (τὸ Πλεισθένους γένος).

Menelaus
In Greek mythology, Menelaus (/ˌmɛnəˈleɪ.əs/; Ancient Greek: Μενέλαος, Menélaos) was a Greek king of Mycenaean (pre-Dorian) Sparta. According to the Iliad, the Trojan War began as a result of Menelaus's wife, Helen, fleeing to Troy with the Trojan prince Paris. Menelaus was a central figure in the Trojan War, leading the Spartan contingent of the Greek army, under his elder brother Agamemnon, king of Mycenae. Prominent in both the Iliad and Odyssey, Menelaus was also popular in Greek vase painting and Greek tragedy, the latter more as a hero of the Trojan War than as a member of the doomed House of Atreus.
Roisin McGettigan
Roisin McGettigan (born 23 August 1980 in Wicklow, Ireland) is an Irish runner who specializes in the 3000 metres steeplechase. She graduated from Providence College in 2003. She competed in her first Olympic Games in 2008 in Beijing. After finishing second in her qualifying heat in the 3000 m steeplechase, she finished 14th in the final.

In 2014, McGettigan was retroactively awarded the bronze medal for the 2009 European Athletics Indoor Championships 1500 metres race. The winner of that race, Anna Alminova of Russia, had all her results since February 2009 cancelled due to irregularities in her biological passport.

McGettigan and runner Lauren Fleshman co-created "Believe I Am", a company which brings sports psychology techniques used by pro athletes to women through apparel and training journals.

Providence College
Providence College is a private Catholic university in Providence, Rhode Island. Founded in 1917 by the Dominican Order and the Diocese of Providence, it offers 47 undergraduate majors and 17 graduate programs.

The college requires all of its undergraduate students to complete 16 credits in the Development of Western Civilization, a major part of the college's core curriculum. In the spring of 2021, it enrolled 4,128 undergraduate students and 688 graduate students for a total enrollment of 4,816 students. In athletics, Providence College competes in NCAA Division I, and is a founding member of the original Big East Conference and Hockey East. It was part of the original six other basketball-centric Catholic colleges which broke off from the original Big East (today's American Athletic Conference) to form the current Big East at the start of the 2013–14 academic year.
Witness of Truth: The Railway Murders
Witness of Truth: The Railway Murders is a British television docudrama, first broadcast on 11 December 2001, that dramatises the crimes committed by John Duffy and David Mulcahy, commonly known as the Railway Rapists or Railway Killers. The film, produced and directed by Bren Simson, is narrated by Lindsay Duncan, who provides additional details of the crimes, some of which are not dramatised in the film. Huw Higginson and Nicholas Marchie were cast as Mulcahy and Duffy respectively, with Steve Chaplin and Tat Whalley portraying teenage versions of the pair.

Adelene Alani acted as executive producer. Other notable cast members include Mark Spalding, who co-starred alongside Higginson in The Bill in 1995, Caroline Woodruff, Joanna Monro and Robert Swann. The film broadcast at 22:35; subsequently no viewing figures for the programme were recorded by BARB. The film has never been repeated and remains unreleased on VHS and DVD.

Barb Audiences
Barb Audiences Ltd (formerly Broadcasters Audience Research Board) is a British organisation that compiles audience measurement and television ratings in the United Kingdom. It was created in 1981 to replace two previous systems whereby ITV ratings were compiled by JICTAR (Joint Industry Committee for Television Audience Research), whilst the BBC did its own audience research.

BARB is jointly owned by the BBC, ITV, Channel 4, Channel 5, Sky and the Institute of Practitioners in Advertising. It is a Joint Industry Currency.

In February 2023, Barb changed its company name to Barb Audiences Ltd (formerly Broadcasters' Audience Research Board).