hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
German Chileans
German Chileans (Spanish: germanochilenos; German: Deutsch-Chilenen) are Chileans descended from German immigrants, about 30,000 of whom arrived in Chile between 1846 and 1914. Most of these were from traditionally Catholic Bavaria, Baden and the Rhineland, and also from Bohemia in the present-day Czech Republic; even included were Alsatians and Poles through Partitions of Poland. A smaller number of Lutherans immigrated to Chile following the failed revolutions of 1848.

From the middle of the 19th century to the present, they have played a significant role in the economic, political and cultural development of the Chilean nation. The 19th-century immigrants settled chiefly in Chile's Araucanía, Los Ríos and Los Lagos regions in the so-called Zona Sur of Chile, including the Chilean lake district.

Zona Sur
Zona Sur (Southern Zone) is one of the five natural regions on which CORFO divided continental Chile in 1950. Its northern border is formed by the Bío-Bío River, which separates it from the Central Chile Zone. The Southern Zone borders the Pacific Ocean to the west, and to the east lies the Andean mountains and Argentina. Its southern border is the Chacao Channel, which forms the boundary with the Austral Zone. While the Chiloé Archipelago belongs geographically to the Austral Zone in terms of culture and history, it lies closer to the Southern Zone.
Saks Global
Saks Global Holdings LLC is an American holding company of department stores and commercial property. It was formed after the American assets of Canadian holding company Hudson's Bay Company were spun-off in November 2024, and expanded with the acquisition of the Neiman Marcus Group in December 2024.

Saks Global owns the full-line luxury stores Bergdorf Goodman, Neiman Marcus, and Saks Fifth Avenue; the off-price stores Neiman Marcus Last Call and Saks Off 5th; and home furnishings website Horchow. The company is divided into four business units: Saks Global Operating Group, Saks Global Properties & Investments, Bergdorf Goodman, and Authentic Luxury Group.

In January 2026, Saks Global filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy protection after accumulating a $4.7 billion  debt from its Neiman Marcus acquisition, amid a trend of American shoppers choosing experiential luxury and directly-operated monobrand luxury stores.

Corporate spin-off
A corporate spin-off, also known as a spin-out, starburst or hive-off, is a type of corporate action where a company "splits off" a section as a separate business or creates a second incarnation, even if the first is still active. It is distinct from a sell-off, where a company sells a section to another company or firm in exchange for cash or securities.
Estadio Gunther Vogel
25°20′34″S 57°30′03″W﻿ / ﻿25.34278°S 57.50083°W﻿ / -25.34278; -57.50083

The Estadio Gunther Vogel is a football stadium in  the city of San Lorenzo, Paraguay. It is the home venue of Club Sportivo San Lorenzo, it has a capacity of 5,000 spectators.

The stadium was known until 2011 as "Ciudad Universitaria".

San Lorenzo, Paraguay
San Lorenzo (Spanish pronunciation: [san loˈɾenso]) is a city in the Central Department in Paraguay. It is a suburb of Asunción, and the third most populous city in Paraguay, with a population of 252,561. The National University of Asunción campus is located in San Lorenzo, that's why it is sometimes known as "Ciudad Universitaria" (University City).  The city is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of San Lorenzo.
Kenny Kosek
Kenny Kosek (born 1949 in The Bronx, New York), is an American fiddler who plays bluegrass, country, klezmer, folk music and roots music. In addition to his solo career, he has performed with many other well-known performers and contributed to film and television soundtrack music. He is also a musical educator. He is a graduate of the Bronx High School of Science and City College of New York.

Tom Chapin
Tom Chapin (born March 13, 1945) is an American singer-songwriter, storyteller, actor and television host. Known for his ABC children's show Make-A-Wish and his children's albums, Chapin is also the younger brother of late folk singer/songwriter and humanitarian Harry Chapin. A fixture on the American folk music circuit, he has frequently performed with Pete Seeger, Holly Near, Peter Yarrow, Judy Collins, and David Amram.

Chapin also performs regularly with his brother Steve Chapin, niece Jen Chapin and daughters, Abigail and Lily aka The Chapin Sisters and The Harry Chapin band billed as The Chapin Family. He sits on the board of Why Hunger, his late brother Harry's food justice organization.
Jaffrabad, Delhi
Jaffrabad (Sometimes Pronounced as "Zaffrabad") is a census town in North East district in the Indian state of Delhi. The area is predominantly inhabited by the Muslims of Delhi. It is situated near the Yamuna River, sometimes being prone to flooding but mostly safe. Jaffrabad was one of the Key locations during the 2020 Delhi riots(Waged by the Hindutva BJP Candidate Kapil Mishra's Speeches) against the protestors of Citizenship Amendment Act affecting thousands in the nearby areas.

North East Delhi district
North East Delhi district is one of the eleven administrative district of Delhi, India. The district was established in 1997. North East Delhi borders the Yamuna River on the west, Ghaziabad District to the north and east, East Delhi to the south, and North Delhi to the west across the Yamuna. Gokalpur,Karawal Nagar, Seelampur and Yamuna Vihar are 3 sub-divisions of this district.
Caleb Swan
Caleb Swan, was born in Methuen, Province of Massachusetts Bay on July 2, 1758, but grew up in Fryeburg, Province of Massachusetts Bay; he died in Washington D.C. November 11, 1809. Swan was the fifth Paymaster-General of the United States Army, serving from May 8, 1792, to June 30, 1808. He began his military career as an officer in the Continental Army. Later he served in a civilian capacity as clerk in the War Department and Indian Agent. Swan was appointed paymaster to the Legion of the United States in 1792, and Paymaster of the Army later the same year.

Methuen, Massachusetts
Methuen (/məˈθuːən/) is a 23-square-mile (60 km2) city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 53,059 at the 2020 census. Methuen lies along the northwestern edge of Essex County, just east of Middlesex County and just south of Rockingham County, New Hampshire.  The city is bordered by Haverhill to the northeast, North Andover to the southeast, Lawrence and Andover to the south, Dracut (Middlesex County) to the west, Pelham, New Hampshire (Hillsborough County) to the northwest, and Salem, New Hampshire (Rockingham County) to the north.  Methuen is located 17 miles (27 km) southwest from Newburyport, 30 miles (48 km) north-northwest of Boston and 25 miles (40 km) south-southeast of Manchester, New Hampshire. The city is a part of the Merrimack Valley and its ZIP Code is 01844.
Patryk Aleksandrowicz
Patryk Aleksandrowicz (born 5 June 1983) is a Polish former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

He previously played in Greece, and for Polonia.

Aleksandrowicz was an important member of Kavala F.C.'s 2008–09 Beta Ethniki campaign, but after the club gained promotion, he was loaned to Thrasyvoulos F.C., a club that was relegated from the Super League. Aleksandrowicz would make a few Super League appearances for Kavala when he returned for the 2010–11 season, and then had brief spells in the Beta Ethniki with Doxa Drama F.C., Iraklis Psachna F.C., Ethnikos Gazoros F.C. and Athlitiki Enosi Larissa F.C.

Serres F.C.
Football Club "Serres" (Greek: Ποδοσφαιρικός Σύλλογος «Σέρρες») was a Greek association football club, based in Serres. They played their home matches at Serres Municipal Stadium.

The club was founded in 1951 as M.G.S. Ethnikos Gazorou (Greek: Μ.Γ.Σ. Εθνικός Γαζώρου), based in Gazoros. In the 2011–12 season, Ethnikos Gazoros won the Northern Group of the Greek Football League 2.
Banner (playing card)
The Banner is a playing card used in Swiss-suited cards and which historically formed part of the standard 36- or 48-card German-suited packs. It is equivalent to a 10, being ranked between a 9 and an Unter (or Under in Swiss German).

German-suited playing cards
German-suited playing cards are a very common style of traditional playing card used in many parts of Central Europe characterised by 32- or 36-card packs with the suits of Acorns (Eichel or Kreuz), Leaves (Grün, Blatt, Laub, Pik or Gras), Hearts (Herz or Rot) and Bells (Schelle, Schell or Bolle). The German suit system is one of the oldest, becoming standard around 1450 and, a few decades later, influencing the design of the now international French suit system of Clubs, Spades, Hearts and Diamonds. Today German-suited playing cards are common in south and east Germany, Austria, German-speaking Switzerland, Liechtenstein, north Italy, Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia, northern Serbia (Vojvodina province), southern Poland and central and western Romania and Siebenbürgen (Romania).
Clam cake
Clam cakes (also known as clam fritters) are a part of New England cuisine, most commonly found in Rhode Island although they can also be found in Connecticut, Maine, and Massachusetts. They are balls of battered clams which have been deep-fried. On the Maine coast, clam cakes are formed into large, flat patties and fried.

Clam cakes are often served at take-out food outlets or other informal settings as finger food, as part of a meal consisting of several clam cakes, french fries, and cole slaw. This is often served alongside clam chowder. The cakes tend to be eaten dry, dipped in clam chowder or tartar sauce.

Clam fritters are particularly popular during clamming season when clams are in abundance and it is legal during limited, specified periods for private citizens to dig their own. The surplus of clams must be used up quickly so they do not spoil.

Tartar sauce
Tartar sauce (French: sauce tartare), often spelled tartare sauce in the UK and other Commonwealth countries, is a  mayonnaise-based condiment typically mixed with chopped cornichons or gherkins and capers, along with soft herbs such as tarragon, dill, parsley and chives. It is commonly served with fried or breaded seafood dishes including fish and chips, fish sandwiches, fried oysters and calamari.

Tartar sauce developed from eighteenth-century dishes served à la tartare, breaded meats and fish paired with pungent cold dressings. Nineteenth-century cookbooks contained yolk-free and mayonnaise-based versions, and writers such as Alexis Soyer and Jules Gouffé positioned the sauce within the mayonnaise family. By the early twentieth century Auguste Escoffier presented tartar sauce with fried fish and tied it to steak tartare, while English usage of the term dates to the 1820s.
Lockheed Martin E-130J
The Lockheed Martin E-130J Phoenix II is a planned airborne command post and communication relay aircraft based on the C-130J-30.

The E-130J is intended to replace the Boeing E-6 Mercury in the TACAMO role for the US Navy, but not the associated "Looking Glass" role for the US Air Force. The replacement of the E-6B fleet is to begin in fiscal year 2028.

Operation Looking Glass
Looking Glass (or Operation Looking Glass) is the historic code name for an airborne command and control center operated by the United States. Since 2016 it has been referred to as the ABNCP (Airborne National Command Post). It provides command and control of U.S. nuclear forces in the event that ground-based command centers have been destroyed or otherwise rendered inoperable.

In such an event, the general officer aboard the Looking Glass serves as the Airborne Emergency Action Officer (AEAO), and by law assumes the authority of the National Command Authority and could command execution of nuclear attacks. The AEAO is supported by a battle staff of approximately 20 people, with another dozen responsible for the operation of the aircraft systems. The name Looking Glass, which is another name for a mirror, was chosen for the Airborne Command Post because the mission operates in parallel with the underground command post at Offutt Air Force Base.
Lardos
Lardos (Λάρδος) is a village on the Lardos stream, also called Fonias, located in the eastern part of the island of Rhodes, in the South Aegean region of Greece. As of the 2021 census, it had a permanent population of 1,888.

The village lies about 54 km south of the city of Rhodes and about 8 km west of Lindos.

South Aegean
The South Aegean (Greek: Περιφέρεια Νοτίου Αιγαίου, romanized: Periféreia Notíou Aigaíou [periˈferia noˈtiu eˈʝeu]) is one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece. It consists of the Cyclades and Dodecanese island groups in the central and southeastern Aegean Sea.
Enchodontidae
Enchodontidae is an extinct family of marine enchodontoid aulopiform ray-finned fish from the Cretaceous to potentially the Eocene, being found worldwide. The family itself was diverse within its body form though unlike other enchodontoids, most genera within the family possessed rows of scutes behind the head and sides of the body. Like a large amount of extinct groups, the origin of enchodontids have remained obscured though this is mostly due to a large diversification event that happened in the Late Aptian to Middle Cenomanian. Though the family is diverse in their range and anatomy, all known members were predatory with most living in more shallow, near-shore environments.

Scute
A scute (/skjuːt/ ⓘ) or scutum (Latin: scutum; plural: scuta "shield") is a bony external plate or scale overlaid with horn, as on the shell of a turtle, the skin of crocodilians, and the feet of birds. The term is also used to describe the anterior portion of the mesothorax in insects as well as some arachnids (e.g., the family Ixodidae, the scale ticks).
Robert Paton (politician)
Robert Paton (October 10, 1839 – June 17, 1917) was an Ontario farmer, merchant and political figure. He represented Simcoe Centre in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Liberal from 1890 to 1898.

He was born in Halton County, Upper Canada in 1839, the son of Peter Paton. The family later moved to New Lowell in Simcoe County, where his father became the first postmaster. Paton was involved in the lumber trade, farming and raising livestock in partnership with his uncle Robert Hay. In 1866, he married Amelia Anne Dewar. He served as reeve of Sunnidale Township from 1874 to 1888 and was warden for Simcoe County in 1885.

Simcoe Centre (provincial electoral district)
Simcoe Centre was an electoral riding in Ontario, Canada. It was created in 1886 from parts of Simcoe South and Simcoe North It was abolished in 1996 before the 1999 election and merged into the riding of Barrie—Simcoe—Bradford.
Uesslingen
Uesslingen is a village and former municipality in the canton of Thurgau, Switzerland. In 1995, the municipality was merged with the neighboring municipality Buch bei Frauenfeld to form a new and larger municipality Uesslingen-Buch.

Thurgau
Thurgau (/ˈtʊərɡaʊ/ TOOR-gow, Swiss Standard German: [ˈtuːrɡaʊ] ⓘ; French: Thurgovie; Italian: Turgovia; Romansh: Turgovia), anglicized as Thurgovia, and formally as the Canton of Thurgau, is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation. It is composed of five districts. Its capital is Frauenfeld.

Thurgau is part of Eastern Switzerland. It is named after the river Thur, and the name Thurgovia was historically used for a larger area, including part of this river's basin upstream of the modern canton. The area of what is now Thurgau was acquired as subject territories by the cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy from the mid 15th century. Thurgau was first declared a canton in its own right at the formation of the Helvetic Republic in 1798.

The population, as of December 2020, is 282,909. In 2007, there were a total of 47,390 resident foreigners, constituting 19.9% of the population.
1995 Asia Golf Circuit
The 1995 Asia Golf Circuit was the 34th season of the Asia Golf Circuit (formerly the Far East Circuit), one of the main professional golf tours in Asia (outside of Japan) alongside the newly formed Asian PGA Tour.

Asian Tour
The Asian Tour is the principal men's professional golf tour in Asia except for Japan (which has its own Japan Golf Tour). It is also a full member of the International Federation of PGA Tours. Official money events on the tour count for Official World Golf Ranking points.

The Asian Tour is administered from Singapore. It is controlled by a board with a majority of professional golfers, and a Tournament Players Committee of its player members, supported by an executive team. The chairman of the board is the Indonesian businessman Jimmy Masrin.
Rel homology domain
The Rel homology domain (RHD) is a protein domain found in a family of eukaryotic transcription factors, including both NF-κB and NFAT, among others. Some of these transcription factors appear to form multi-protein DNA-bound complexes. Phosphorylation of the RHD appears to play a role in the regulation of some of these transcription factors, acting to modulate the expression of their target genes.

The RHD is composed of two immunoglobulin-like beta barrel subdomains that grip the DNA in the major groove. The N-terminal specificity domain resembles the core domain of the p53 transcription factor, and contains a recognition loop that interacts with DNA bases. In the case of NF-κB, the C-terminal dimerization subdomain determines dimerization propensity with other proteins in the NF-κB/Rel protein family.  The dimerization subdomain is immediately followed by a nuclear localization sequence that also comprises the site for inhibitory interactions with IκB.

NFAT
Nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) is a family of transcription factors shown to be important in immune response. One or more members of the NFAT family is expressed in most cells of the immune system. NFAT is also involved in the development of immune, cardiac, skeletal muscle, and nervous systems. NFAT was first discovered as an activator for the transcription of IL-2 in T cells (as a regulator of T cell immune response) but has since been found to play an important role in regulating many more body systems. NFAT transcription factors are involved in many normal body processes as well as in development of several diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases and several types of cancer. NFAT is also being investigated as a drug target for several different disorders.
Pedro Pablo Prada Quintero
Pedro Pablo Prada Quintero is a Cuban diplomat.

He is the first Cuban ambassador since the 1960s to El Salvador.  Prior to that appointment he was the deputy director of the Bureau for Latin America and the Caribbean of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Cuba.

Prada Quintero has worked in Granma, Cuba's official newspaper. He served as advisor to the Cuban Foreign Ministry (1994–1999). He also worked at the Information Office of that ministry.

He has also served as charge d'affaires of Cuba in Denmark and has been a member of the Cuban delegations to the United Nations.

Granma (newspaper)
Granma (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈɡɾamma]) is the official newspaper of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba. It was formed in 1965 by the merger of two previous papers, Revolución (IPA: [reboluˈsjon]; lit. 'Revolution') and Hoy (IPA: [ˈoi]; lit. 'Today'). Publication of the newspaper began in February 1966. Its name comes from the yacht Granma that carried Fidel Castro and 81 other rebels to Cuba's shores in 1956, launching the Cuban Revolution. The newspaper has been a way for the Cuban Communist Party to communicate their ideology to the world, especially regarding the United States. Marta Rojas worked for the paper since its founding.
2021 AG2R Citroën Team season
The 2021 season for the AG2R Citroën Team was the 30th season in the team's existence and the 16th consecutive season that it was a UCI WorldTeam. French automobile manufacturer Citroën joined as a title sponsor, alongside longtime title sponsor AG2R La Mondiale, a French insurance firm.

Decathlon CMA CGM Team
Decathlon CMA CGM (UCI team code: DCT) is a French cycling team with UCI WorldTeam status. Its title sponsors are French sporting goods retailer Decathlon and French shipping and logistics company CMA CGM. The team is predominantly French.
Vilshana, Cherkasy Oblast
Vilshana (Ukrainian: Вільшана) is a rural settlement in Zvenyhorodka Raion, Cherkasy Oblast, central Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Vilshana settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.  Population: 2,919 (2022 estimate).

Cherkasy Oblast
Cherkasy Oblast (Ukrainian: Черкаська область, romanized: Cherkaska oblast, IPA: [tʃerˈkɑsʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Cherkashchyna (Ukrainian: Черкащина, IPA: [tʃerˈkɑʃtʃɪnɐ]) is an oblast (province) in central Ukraine located along the Dnieper River. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Cherkasy. The current population of the oblast is 1,160,744 (2022 estimate).
Röddinge Formation
The Röddinge Formation is a geologic formation in Skåne County, southern Sweden. It is Early Jurassic (Sinemurian-Toarcian) in age. It is a unit with a limited degree of exposure, being identified mostly by its deposits on the Fyledalen Fault Zone, specially on Kurremölla, where is present the main fossil deposit. It is a unit known mostly for large museum collections and estimated to have a thickness of several hundreds of meters. It is also known for its large iron deposits. It is correlated with the mostly marine Rya Formation of western Skåne County, the Volcanic deposits of the Djupadal Formation and specially the Sorthat Formation of Bornholm. Most likely, the coarse-grained nature of the Röddinge Formation is linked to rapid erosion of a tectonically active hinterland.

Early Jurassic
The Early Jurassic Epoch (in chronostratigraphy corresponding to the Lower Jurassic Series) is the earliest of three epochs of the Jurassic Period. The Early Jurassic starts immediately after the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event, 201.3 Ma (million years ago), and ends at the start of the Middle Jurassic 174.7 ±0.8 Ma.

Certain rocks of marine origin of this age in Europe are called "Lias" and that name was used for the period, as well, in 19th-century geology. In southern Germany rocks of this age are called Black Jurassic.
Abram Ozmun
Abraham "Abram" Ozmun (August 31, 1814 – November 29, 1887) was an American farmer and politician.

Born in Tompkins County, New York, Ozmun moved to Illinois and then settled in Minnesota Territory in 1856. He was a farmer and then was in the hardware business in Rochester, Minnesota. He served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1859 to 1860. He then served as mayor of Rochester, Minnesota from 1864 to 1865. His son, Edward Henry Ozmun, also served in the Minnesota Legislature.

Rochester, Minnesota
Rochester is a city in Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States. It is the county seat. It is located along rolling bluffs on the Zumbro River's south fork in Southeast Minnesota. The population was 121,395 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 123,624 in 2024, making it the third-most populous city in Minnesota. The Rochester metropolitan area has an estimated 230,000 residents. The city is the home and birthplace of Mayo Clinic.

Rochester first developed as a stagecoach stop between Dubuque, Iowa, and Saint Paul, Minnesota. With the creation of the Mayo Clinic in 1864, Rochester became a national center for healthcare, as well as a hub for regional agriculture.  For higher education needs the University of Minnesota Rochester, Rochester Community and Technical College, and Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine are located in the city.