hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stephen Bowen
Stephen Bowen is the name of:

Stephen Bowen (American football) (born 1984), African-american professional football player

Stephen Bowen (astronaut) (born 1964), American astronaut

Stephen Bowen (biologist), American fish biologist, Dean and CEO of Oxford College of Emory University

Stephen Bowen (politician) (born 1969), American politician from Maine

Stephen Bowen (biologist)
Stephen Bowen is an American biologist, educator, and educational administrator. From August 2005 until his retirement in May 2016, he served as the Dean and CEO of Oxford College of Emory University, located in Oxford, Georgia.
Aushak
Aushak or ashak (Pashto/Persian: اَشَک) is an Afghan dish made of pasta dumplings filled with chives, with a (frequently meaty) tomato sauce, topped with yogurt and dried mint. A time-consuming meal to prepare, it is usually served on holidays or at special gatherings. It is similar to mantu, which is also popular in Afghanistan. In contrast to aushak, mantu have a meat filling.

Mentha
Mentha, also known as mint (from Greek μίνθα míntha, Linear B mi-ta), is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae. It is estimated that 18 to 24 species exist, but the exact distinction between species is unclear. Hybridization occurs naturally where some species' ranges overlap. Many hybrids and cultivars are known.

The genus has a subcosmopolitan distribution, growing best in wet environments and moist soils.
Julius Gustaaf Arnout Koenders
Julius Gustaaf Arnout Koenders (1 March 1886 – 17 November 1957) was a Surinamese teacher and fervent activist for Sranan Tongo. As a teacher, he was forced to use the Dutch language thus denying the children their own language. He was an early advocate of Sranan and Creole culture.

Surinamese people
Surinamese people are people who identify with the country of Suriname. This connection may be residential, legal, historical or cultural. For most Surinamese, several (or all) of these connections exist and are collectively the source of their being Surinamese.

Suriname is a multiethnic and multilingual society, home to people of various ethnic, racial, religious, and national origins, with the majority of the population made up of Old World immigrants and their descendants. As a result, the Surinamese do not equate their nationality with ethnicity, but with citizenship and allegiance to Suriname. Aside from the indigenous population, nearly all Surinamese or their ancestors arrived since the Age of Discovery and establishment of the colony of Surinam, primarily from Africa, Europe and Asia.
2015 Canad Inns Women's Classic
The 2015 Canad Inns Women's Classic was held from October 22 to 25 at the Portage Curling Club in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba as part of the World Curling Tour. The event was held in a triple-knockout format with a purse of $60,000.

In the final, 2018 Olympic silver medallist Kim Eun-jung of South Korea defeated 2014 Olympic gold medallist Jennifer Jones team from Manitoba to win the event. Kim took home the $15,400 winners purse while Jones settled for $10,400.

Portage la Prairie
Portage la Prairie (/ˈpɔːrtɪdʒ lə ˈprɛəri/) is a small city in the Central Plains Region of Manitoba, Canada. In 2016, the population was 13,304 and the land area was 24.68 square kilometres (9.53 sq mi).

Portage la Prairie is approximately 75 kilometres (47 mi) west of Winnipeg, alongside the Trans-Canada Highway (exactly halfway between the provincial boundaries of Saskatchewan and Ontario). It sits on the Assiniboine River, which flooded the town persistently until a diversion channel north to Lake Manitoba (the Portage Diversion) was built to divert the flood waters. The city is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Portage la Prairie.

According to Environment Canada, Portage la Prairie has the most sunny days during the warm months in Canada. It is the administrative headquarters of the Dakota Tipi First Nations reserve.
Antiwear additive
AW additives, or antiwear additives, are additives for lubricants to prevent metal-to-metal contact between parts of gears.

EP additives are used in applications such as gearboxes, while AW additives are used with lighter loads such as bushings.

Transmission (mechanical device)
A transmission (also called a gearbox) is a mechanical device invented by Louis Renault (who founded Renault) which uses a gear set—two or more gears working together—to change the speed, direction of rotation, or torque multiplication or reduction, in a machine.

A transmission can have a single, or fixed, gear ratio or it can have variable ratios; a variable-ratio transmission can have multiple discrete gear ratios or be continuously variable. Variable-ratio transmissions are used in many kinds of machinery, especially vehicles.
Calle Mayor (film)
Main Street (Spanish: Calle Mayor) is a 1956 Spanish drama film directed by Juan Antonio Bardem starring Betsy Blair and José Suárez. It is based on a Carlos Arniches play titled La señorita de Trevélez. The shooting locations were Palencia, Cuenca and Logroño. The film won the FIPRESCI Award at the Venice Film Festival. It was also selected as the Spanish entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 30th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.

International Federation of Film Critics
The International Federation of Film Critics (FIPRESCI, short for Fédération Internationale de la Presse Cinématographique) is an association of national organizations of professional film critics and film journalists from around the world for "the promotion and development of film culture and for the safeguarding of professional interests." It was founded in June 1930 in Brussels, Belgium. It has members in more than 50 countries worldwide.
Sergiy Yurshev
Sergiy Yurshev (Russian: Сергий Юршев, secular name Simon Petrovich Yurshev, Симон Петрович Юршев) (1745 — circa 1799) was a Russian religious figure of the 18th century.

He was the founder of the Old Believer Irgiz monasteries and contributed significantly to their all-Russian fame, but later joined the Edinoverie movement and was expelled from the Irgiz, despite the patronage of the authorities. Subsequently, he became the abbot of an Edinoverie monastery, leaving behind a number of religious writings directed against the Schism of the Russian Church and in support of Edinoverie. In the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary, he is described as an outstanding figure for the benefit of Edinoverie.

Volsk
Volsk (Russian: Вольск) is a town in Saratov Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Volga River, opposite the mouth of the Bolshoy Irgiz (a tributary of the Volga), 147 kilometers (91 mi) northeast from Saratov, the administrative center of the oblast. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 55,035.
Aberwheeler
Aberwheeler (Welsh: Aberchwiler) is a village and community in the Welsh county of Denbighshire, located on the south bank of the River Wheeler (Welsh: Afon Chwiler), 4.2 miles (6.8 km) north east of Denbigh, 12.6 miles (20.3 km) north west of Mold and 11.0 miles (17.7 km) north of Ruthin.  At the 2001 census the community had a population of 327, reducing to 298 at the 2011 census.
The name has been Anglicised from the Welsh.

Denbigh
Denbigh (/ˈdɛnbi/ DEN-bee; Welsh: Dinbych [ˈdɪnbɨχ]) is a market town and a community in Denbighshire, Wales. It was the original county town of the historic county of Denbighshire created in 1536. Denbigh's Welsh name (Dinbych) translates to "Little Fortress"; a reference to its historic castle. Denbigh lies near the Clwydian Hills.

The town developed around Denbigh Castle, built in 1282, and the walled settlement that followed under Edward I. Over the centuries, it became known as a stronghold, a busy market town, and an administrative hub. Although Denbigh has seen times of conflict and decline, its medieval walls, castle ruins, and historic centre still shape its character today. According to the 2021 census, the town has a population of about 8,669.
Sigma Columbae
Sigma Columbae, Latinized from σ Columbae, is a solitary, yellow-white hued star in the southern constellation of Columba. It is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.51. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 1.96 mas as seen from Earth, this star is located roughly 1,700 light years from the Sun.

At an age of about 400 million years, the spectrum of this star suggests this is an evolved F-type giant with a stellar classification of F2 III. It is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of about 74 km/s, which is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is 10% larger than the polar radius. It has 3.79 times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 1,312 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 6,820 K.

Equatorial bulge
An equatorial bulge is a difference between the equatorial and polar diameters of a planet, due to the centrifugal force exerted by the rotation about the body's axis. A rotating body tends to form an oblate spheroid rather than a sphere.
Congregation Beth Yeshurun (Houston)
Congregation Beth Yeshurun is a Conservative synagogue at 4525 Beechnut Street, Houston. It is the largest Conservative synagogue in the United States.

Founded in 1891 as Adath Yeshurun, it merged in Congregation Beth El in 1946, taking its current name.  In 2002 Beth Yeshurun absorbed the membership of Shearith Israel of nearby Wharton, Texas.

It includes the Beth Yeshurun Day School (BYDS).

Wharton, Texas
Wharton is a city in and the county seat of Wharton County, Texas, United States.  This city is 60 mi (97 km) southwest of Houston. Its population was 8,832 at the 2010 census and 8,627 at the 2020 census. Wharton is located on the Colorado River of Texas. U.S. Highway 59 passes west of it.
Angela McHale
Angela Jane McHale (born 26 February 1969) is an English actress and comedian, particularly well known for her variety of British television roles including roles in Not Going Out, The Catherine Tate Show and Grange Hill. She is married with two sons.

Grange Hill
Grange Hill is a British children's television drama series, originally produced by the BBC and portraying life in a typical comprehensive school. The show began its run on 8 February 1978 on BBC1, and was one of the longest-running programmes on British television when it ended on 15 September 2008 after 31 series. It was created by Phil Redmond, who is also responsible for the Channel 4 dramas Brookside and Hollyoaks; other notable production team members down the years have included producer Colin Cant and script editor Anthony Minghella.

The show was cancelled in 2008, having run every year for 30 years. It was felt by the BBC that the series had run its course.
Łazów, Radomsko County
Łazów [ˈwazuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żytno, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) east of Żytno, 26 km (16 mi) south-east of Radomsko, and 96 km (60 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Radomsko
Radomsko (pronounced [raˈdɔmskɔ] ⓘ) is a city in south-central Poland with 44,700 inhabitants (2021). It is situated on the Radomka river in the Łódź Voivodeship. It is the county seat of Radomsko County.

Founded in the 11th century, Radomsko is a former royal city located within the Sieradz Land, which prospered as a trade center due to its location at the intersection of important trade routes. In the 14th century, it was the site of congresses at which Princess Jadwiga of Poland was chosen as Queen of Poland as the country's first female monarch. Due to particularly strong partisan resistance against German occupiers during World War II, it was dubbed Banditenstadt ("City of Bandits") by the Germans.

It is located on the main railway line connecting Warsaw and Katowice, the country's two largest metropolitan areas, and on the main highway connecting Gdańsk and Łódź with Katowice, part of the European route E75.
Indian ethos in management
Indian Ethos in Management refers to the values and practices that the culture of India (Bharatheeya Sanskriti) can contribute to service, leadership and management. These values and practices are rooted in Sanathana Dharma (the eternal essence), and have been influenced by various strands of Indian philosophy.

Banasthali Vidyapith
Banasthali Vidyapith, also known as Banasthali University, is a private women's university located in Tonk district, Rajasthan, India. The university offers programs at the secondary, senior secondary, undergraduate, and postgraduate degree levels.
Kharkiv Border Detachment
The Kharkiv Border Detachment (MUN 9951) is a brigade level detachment of the Eastern Department of the State Border Service of Ukraine. The detachment guards the Russia-Ukraine border in four raions (Bohodukhiv Raion, Kharkiv Raion, Chuhuiv Raion and Kupiansk Raion) of Kharkiv Oblast as well as the Kharkiv International Airport and the Dnipro International Airport. The detachment guards border length of 315.5 km, including 7.5 km by water.

Bohodukhiv Raion
Bohodukhiv Raion (Ukrainian: Богодухівський район) is a raion (district) in Kharkiv Oblast of Ukraine. Its administrative center is the town of Bohodukhiv. Population: 122,287 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Kharkiv Oblast was reduced to seven, and the area of Bohodukhiv Raion was significantly expanded. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 37,563 (2020 est.).
Felix Ekpo
Felix Ekpo (born 10 May 1981) is a Nigerian weightlifter competing in the 77 kg category. His personal best is 335 kg.

He won overall gold at the 2007 All-Africa Games, with a total of 333 kg.

At the 2007 World Weightlifting Championships he ranked 23rd with a total of 327 kg.

He won gold in the snatch, silver in the clean and jerk, and overall silver at the 2008 African Championships, with a total of 335 kg.

He competed in Weightlifting at the 2008 Summer Olympics in the 77 kg division finishing fifteenth with 325 kg.  In 2012 he competed in the same weight division and finished 8th with a total of 331 kg.

He is 5 ft 3 inches tall and weighs 170 lb.

Snatch (weightlifting)
The snatch is the first of two lifts contested in the sport of weightlifting (also known as Olympic weightlifting) followed by the clean and jerk. The objective of the snatch is to lift the barbell from the ground to overhead in one continuous motion. There are four main styles of snatch used: snatch (full snatch or squat snatch), split snatch, power snatch, and muscle snatch.  The full lift is the most common style used in competition, while power snatches and muscle snatches are mostly used for training purposes, and split snatches are now rarely used. Any of these lifts can be performed from the floor, from the hang position, or from blocks. In competition, only lifts from the floor are allowed.
Copyright registration
The purpose of copyright registration is to place on record a verifiable account of the date and content of the work in question, so that in the event of a legal claim, or case of infringement or plagiarism, the copyright owner can produce a copy of the work from an official government source.

Before 1978, in the United States, federal copyright was generally secured by the act of publication with notice of copyright or by registration of an unpublished work. This has now been largely superseded by international conventions, principally the Berne Convention, which provide rights harmonized at an international level without a requirement for national registration. However, the U.S. still provides legal advantages for registering works of U.S. origin. For example, a registration, or a refusal of registration, is required before an infringement suit may be filed in a US court and registration is required for claiming statutory damages in most cases.

Publication
To publish is to make content available to the general public. While specific use of the term may vary among countries, it is usually applied to text, images, or other audio-visual content, including paper (newspapers, magazines, catalogs, etc.). Publication means the act of publishing, and also any copies issued for public distribution.
Michał Lorenc
Michał Lorenc (Polish: [ˈmixaw ˈlɔrɛnt͡s];  born 5 October 1955) is a Polish film score composer, who composed music of films such as 300 Miles to Heaven (1989), Psy (1992), Bastard (1997), Blood and Wine (1997) and Little Rose (2010).

Pigs (1992 film)
Psy (Polish pronunciation: [ˈpsɨ], Dogs), known in English as Pigs, is a 1992 Polish crime thriller directed by Władysław Pasikowski. The film was released on 20 November 1992. Two sequels have followed, 1994's Pigs 2: The Last Blood and 2020's Pigs 3.
Northland, Wellington
Northland is a suburb in west-central Wellington, New Zealand. It borders the suburbs of Highbury, Kelburn, Thorndon, Wilton, Wadestown and Karori. Northland is populated by a mix of university students, young professionals and families. Part of the area was known as Creswick until the late 19th century when new roads and building sites were developed by the landowner, C J Pharazyn, who marketed the whole area as Northland. At that time it was described in The Evening Post (subsequently subsumed into The Dominion Post which was later renamed The Post) as Wellington's "best suburb".

Charles Johnson Pharazyn
Charles Johnson Pharazyn (11 October 1802 – 16 August 1903) was a runholder, merchant, and member of the New Zealand Legislative Council who lived beyond 100 years of age. His obituary in the Wellington newspaper described him as a man of much wealth.
Senago
Senago (Lombard: Senagh [seˈnaːk]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 13 kilometres (8 mi) north of Milan. As of 30 November 2017, it had a population of 21.519 and an area of 8.6 square kilometres (3.3 sq mi).

Senago borders the following municipalities: Limbiate, Cesate, Paderno Dugnano, Garbagnate Milanese, Bollate.

The Villa San Carlo Borromeo is located in Senago. A historical residence, which was built in the XIV century, is immersed in a secular park of eleven hectares, 12 kilometres from Milan.

It is the home town of Don Ambrogio Gianotti, a partigiano and the first priest of the church of St. Edward, Busto Arsizio

Church of St. Edward, Busto Arsizio
The Church of Saint Edward (Italian: Chiesa di Sant'Edoardo) is a Roman Catholic church in Busto Arsizio, Italy. The church has served as parish church of the neighbourhood of Sant'Edoardo since 1947, and from 1951 to 1991, along with the Church of Santa Croce. Construction of the church began on 24 June 1938 and was consecrated by Cardinal Ildefonso Schuster on 12 October 1939.

From the Church in 1945, the news that the North of Italy was now free from Fascist forces was sent by the Partigiani, including the priest of the church, Ambrogio Gianotti. A plaque was erected near the location where the news was announced.
Isaac Semitoje
Isaac Semitoje (born 28 April 1968) is a Nigerian footballer. He played in 21 matches for the Nigeria national football team from 1990 to 1999. He was also named in Nigeria's squad for the 1990 African Cup of Nations tournament.

Nigeria national football team
The Nigeria national football team represents Nigeria in international men's football. Governed by the Nigeria Football Federation (NFF), they are three-time Africa Cup of Nations (AFCON) winners, with their most recent title in 2013. In February 2024, the Nigerian national football team was ranked 28th in the FIFA rankings. The team has qualified for six of the last nine FIFA World Cups, missing only the 2006, 2022 and 2026 tournaments. They have reached the round of 16 on three occasions. Their first World Cup appearance was in the 1994 edition. The team is a member of FIFA and Confederation of African Football (CAF).
Our Lady of the Rosary College
Our Lady of the Rosary College (OLR, Chinese: 聖母玫瑰書院) is a Catholic female secondary school in Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong. It was founded in 1971. The motto of the school is "Purity and Charity". Most of the subjects are taught in English. Students are divided into four houses including white, yellow, red and green.

Female
An organism's sex is female (symbol: ♀) if it produces the ovum (egg cell), the type of gamete (sex cell) that fuses with the male gamete (sperm cell) during sexual reproduction.

A female has larger gametes than a male. Females and males are results of the anisogamous reproduction system, wherein gametes are of different sizes (unlike isogamy where they are the same size).

In species that have males and females, sex-determination may be based on either sex chromosomes, or environmental conditions. Most female mammals, including female humans, have two X chromosomes. Characteristics of organisms with a female sex vary between different species, having different female reproductive systems, with some species showing characteristics secondary to the reproductive system, as with mammary glands in mammals.

In humans, the word female can also be used to refer to gender in the social sense of gender role or gender identity.
Arpunk
Arpunk (Armenian: Արփունք; Azerbaijani: Kəsəmən) is a village in the Vardenis Municipality of the Gegharkunik Province of Armenia. Three kilometers southeast of the village is a 15th-century church. The village was populated by Azerbaijanis before the exodus of Azerbaijanis from Armenia after the outbreak of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. In 1988-1989 Armenian refugees from Azerbaijan settled in the village.

Azerbaijanis in Armenia
Azerbaijanis in Armenia (Azerbaijani: Ermənistan azərbaycanlıları or Qərbi azərbaycanlılar, lit. 'Western Azerbaijanis') numbered 29 people according to the 2001 census of Armenia. Although they have previously been the biggest minority in the country according to 1831–1989 censuses, they are virtually non-existent since 1988–1991 when most fled or were forced out of the country as a result of the tensions of the First Nagorno-Karabakh War to neighboring Azerbaijan. The UNHCR estimates that the current population of Azerbaijanis in Armenia to be somewhere between 30 and a few hundred people, with most of them living in rural areas as members of mixed couples (mostly mixed marriages), as well as elderly or sick. Most of them are reported to have changed their names to maintain a low profile to avoid discrimination.
Live and Learn (Joe Public song)
"Live and Learn" is a song by American new jack swing group Joe Public, released in March 1992 by Columbia Records as the second single from their self-titled debut album (1992). The song, produced by the group with Lionel Job, was a success, peaking at numbers four and five on the US Billboard Hot 100 and Cash Box Top 100, number three in the Netherlands and New Zealand, and number 10 in Belgium. In 2012, it was ranked number 16 on Complex magazine's list of the "25 Best New Jack Swing Songs of All Time".

Lionel Job
Lionel E. Job (born January 23, 1942) is an American music producer, publisher, lyricist, and songwriter based in White Plains, New York.  His music career dates back fifty-six years.  Job is widely known for writing and producing for Keith Sweat, Joe Public, Starpoint, Walter Beasley, Sharon Bryant, Atlantic Starr, The Detroit Spinners, and Third World.