hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lôn Las Menai
52°58′37″N 4°15′54″W﻿ / ﻿52.977°N 4.265°W﻿ / 52.977; -4.265
Lôn Las Menai is part of Lôn Las Cymru, the Welsh National Cycle Route, which is about 400 km (250 mi) long.

Lôn Las Menai is the section which runs for 6.5 km (4.0 mi) along a section of the former Caernarfon to Bangor railway trackbed.  From the north of Caernarfon it just runs to the north side of Y Felinheli.

Y Felinheli
Y Felinheli (Welsh pronunciationⓘ), formerly known in English as Port Dinorwic, is a village and community beside the Menai Strait (Welsh: Y Fenai or Afon Menai) between Bangor and Caernarfon in Gwynedd, northwest Wales.
Los Chocoyos eruption
The Los Chocoyos eruption was a supervolcanic eruption that occurred sometime between 98,000 and 75,000 years ago, with the younger estimate placing the age close to the Youngest Toba eruption. The eruption consisted of approximately 1,220 cubic kilometres (290 cu mi) of rhyolitic ash, with a dense-rock equivalent (DRE) of about 730 cubic kilometres (180 cu mi). The eruption is the largest known eruption in Central America and the third, and most recent, caldera forming eruption at Atitlan, with two others known at around 11 mya and 8 mya.

The eruption resulted in voluminous pyroclastic density currents, leaving deposits 6–10 metres (20–33 ft) thick in Chiapas, over 130 kilometres (81 mi) from the source. Ash deposits were found over an area of 6,000,000 km2 (2,300,000 sq mi). It has been previously postulated that the eruption caused a millenial-scale volcanic winter, although new evidence suggests that is not the case.

Supervolcano
A supervolcano is a volcano that has had an eruption with a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of 8, the largest recorded value on the index. This means the volume of deposits for such an eruption is greater than 1,000 cubic kilometers (240 cubic miles).

Supervolcanoes occur when magma in the mantle rises into the crust but is unable to break through it. Pressure builds in a large and growing magma pool until the crust is unable to contain the pressure and ruptures. This can occur at hotspots (for example, Yellowstone Caldera) or at subduction zones (for example, Toba).

Large-volume supervolcanic eruptions are also often associated with large igneous provinces, which can cover huge areas with lava and volcanic ash. These can cause long-lasting climate change (such as the triggering of a small ice age) and threaten species with extinction. The Oruanui eruption of New Zealand's Taupō Volcano (about 25,600 years ago) was the world's most recent VEI-8 eruption.
Chile at the 2023 Parapan American Games
Chile competed at the 2023 Parapan American Games in Santiago, Chile from 17 November to 26 November 2023. Chile was the host nation of the games, marking the first time the country hosts the games. This was Chile's seventh appearance at the Parapan American Games, having competed at every edition of the games since the inaugural edition in 1999.

Paralympic swimmer Vicente Almonacid and para table tennis athlete Tamara Leonelli were the country's flagbearers during the opening ceremony. Meanwhile, para table tennis athlete Ignacio Torres was the country's flagbearer during the closing ceremony.

Tamara Leonelli
Tamara Isabel Leonelli Leonelli (born 5 June 1997) is a Chilean para table tennis player who competes in international level events. She was the first Chilean table tennis player to win gold at the Parapan American Games and is the first Chilean female table tennis player to qualify to compete at the 2020 Summer Paralympics after winning the gold medal in the women's singles at the 2019 Parapan American Games.
MexScript
MexScript is a multi-paradigm computer scripting language used in a number of game resource archive file handlers. It was originally created for the 16-bit command-line tool multiex, and later 32-bit versions of MultiEx Commander. It is a script that enables the end user to have the interpreting program perform a number of tasks needed to access file contents, as well as to replace file contents. The MexScript has since become one of the standards to process game archives, as is indicated by the implementation of the script (also referred to as multiex, MexCom3, BMS) in similar programs, such as Dragon UNpack, Game Extractor, FusePAK, and the more recent dialect QuickBMS.

Console application
A console application or command-line program is a computer program (applications or utilities) designed to be used via a text-only user interface.

A console application can be used with a computer terminal, a system console, or a terminal emulator included with a graphical user interface (GUI) operating system, such as the Windows Console in Microsoft Windows, the Terminal in macOS, and xterm in the X Window System on Unix-like systems.
Pinacoteca Comunale, Città di Castello
The Pinacoteca Comunale of Città di Castello is the main museum of paintings and arts of Umbria Italian Region, alongside the Perugia's National gallery, and it's housed in a renaissance palace, generally preserved in its original form.

Renato Guttuso
Aldo Renato Guttuso (26 December 1911 – 18 January 1987) was an Italian painter and politician. He is considered to be among the most important Italian artists of the 20th century and is among the key figures of Italian expressionism. His art is characterized by social and political commentary, and as a member of the Italian Communist Party (PCI) he became its senator for two legislatures, from 1976 to 1983, during Enrico Berlinguer's secretariat.

His best-known works include Flight from Etna (1938–39), Crucifixion (1941), and La Vucciria (1974). Guttuso also designed for the theatre (including sets and costumes for Histoire du Soldat, Rome, 1940) and did illustrations for books. Those for Elizabeth David’s Italian Food (1954), introduced him to many in the English-speaking world. A fierce anti-Fascist, "he developed out of expressionism and the harsh light of his native land to paint landscapes and social commentary".
Old Third District Courthouse
The Old Third District Courthouse in New Bedford, Massachusetts, United States, is located at the corner of Second and William streets. It was built in 1853 by Russell Warren in the Greek Revival architectural style, as the home of the New Bedford Institute for Savings, a local bank. After the bank moved, the Bristol County courts came in. They, too, eventually outgrew it and moved elsewhere in the city. Since the creation of New Bedford Whaling National Historic Park in 1996, it has been used by the National Park Service (NPS) as the park's visitor center.

Bristol County, Massachusetts
Bristol County is a county in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 579,200. The shire town is Taunton. Some governmental functions are performed by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, others by the county, and others by local towns and cities. The county is the sixth most populous county in Massachusetts. Bristol County is part of the Providence metropolitan area, which is also included in Greater Boston. The county is adjacent to the state of Rhode Island. It is geographically adjacent to the Massachusetts counties of Plymouth, Norfolk, and Dukes (via water), and the Rhode Island counties of Bristol, Newport, and Providence.
Interregional Academy of Personnel Management
Interregional Academy of Personnel Management (Ukrainian: Міжрегіональна Академія управління персоналом, romanized: Mizhrehionalna Akademiia upravlinnia personalom; shortened as МАУП in Ukrainian and IAPM in English) is the first private higher education institution in Ukraine. Founded in 1989 as a non-state establishment, IAPM consists of a preparatory department, a lyceum, a college, institutes, and a postgraduate school and has over 50,000 students in many branches throughout the country. Since 1991, IAPM has published the Personnel magazine and  the Personnel Plus newspaper.

Hero of Ukraine
A Hero of Ukraine (abbr.  HOU; Ukrainian: Герой України, romanized: Heroi Ukrainy) is the highest national decoration that can be conferred upon an individual citizen by the president of Ukraine.

The decoration was created in 1998 by President Leonid Kuchma. As of January 26, 2026, the total number of recipients was no less than 1,255 (of which decrees awarding 1,216 individuals were published, and for at least 39 individuals, the decrees were not made public).

The decoration is granted to two classes of recipients: to civilians, the Order of the State (abbr.  OS, Ukrainian: Орден Держави, romanized: Orden Derzhavy); and to military recipients, the Order of the Gold Star (abbr.  OGS, Орден «Золота Зірка», Orden "Zolota Zirka").

The first foreigner awarded the decoration was Belarusian Mykhailo Zhyznevskyi in June 2017.
Lavelle (surname)
Lavelle is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Caroline Lavelle (b. 1969), British singer-songwriter and cellist

Gary Lavelle (b. 1949), American baseball player

George Lavelle (b. 2000), English cricketer

Helen Laird (1874–1957), Irish actress also known as ‘Honor Lavelle’

James Lavelle (b. 1974), British DJ

John W. Lavelle (1949–2007), American politician

John D. Lavelle (1916–1979), American general

Louis Lavelle (1883–1951), French philosopher

Matt Lavelle, (b. 1970), American musician

Michael Lavelle, Irish soldier, settler in India

Patrick Lavelle, Irish priest and nationalist

Peter Lavelle (born 1961), American TV host

Rebecca Lavelle (born 1980), Australian singer

Rita Lavelle (born 1947), American politician

Rosanna Lavelle (b. 1979), British actress

Rose Lavelle (b. 1995), American football player

Samuel Lavelle (b. 1996), British footballer

Sheila Lavelle (1939-2001), English children's writer

Samuel Lavelle
Samuel Mark Lavelle (born 3 October 1996) is a professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for EFL League Two club Grimsby Town. Born in England, he represented Scotland at youth international level.
Icacos Cay
Icacos Cay (Spanish: Cayo Icacos) is the largest uninhabited cay forming part of a small chain of cays, reefs, and skerries located off the coast of the barrio of Cabezas in the municipality of Fajardo in the northeast of the main island of Puerto Rico. Along with Palominos island, it is part of the La Cordillera Reef Nature Reserve, which is under the jurisdiction of the Department of Natural Resources and Environment. Icacos is a fifteen-minute water taxi ride from Fajardo. The cay is a popular snorkeling and beach tourism destination.

For some time, there was a limestone quarry on the southern part of the island, with a short railroad system to shuttle limestone from the quarry to the pier.

Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources
The Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources (PRDNER) (Spanish: Departamento de Recursos Naturales y Ambientales de Puerto Rico) is the executive department of the government of Puerto Rico tasked with protecting, conserving, developing, and managing the natural and environmental resources in Puerto Rico. As of April 2022 the current interim Secretary is Anaí Rodríguez after the resignation of Rafael A. Machargo. As of November 2020 the department has 1,096 employees.
1981 World Championship Tennis Finals
The 1981 World Championship Tennis Finals was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 11th edition of the WCT Finals and was part of the 1981 Volvo Grand Prix. The tournament was played at the Reunion Arena in Dallas, Texas in the United States and was held from April 27 through May 3, 1981. The winners of the eight WCT tournaments that were part of the 1981 Grand Prix circuit qualified for the tournament augmented by the next best performers in the WCT points standings. Guillermo Vilas qualified by winning the last tournament held just before the WCT Finals, the River Oaks Tournament in Houston, but was unavailable to play. Jimmy Connors withdrew before the tournament due to gastroenteritis and Yannick Noah could not participate due to a shoulder injury. They were replaced by Sandy Mayer and Sam Giammalva respectively. First-seeded John McEnroe won the title and $100,000 prize money.

Sammy Giammalva Jr.
Sammy Giammalva Jr. (born March 24, 1963) is a former professional tennis player from the United States. During his career he won 2 singles titles and 4 doubles titles.  He achieved a career-high singles ranking of World No. 28 in 1985 and a career-high doubles ranking of World No. 22 in 1984.

Giammalva's father Sam played top-level amateur tennis and participated on two Davis Cup winning teams for the U.S.  His older brother Tony was also a touring pro.

Giammalva left the Grand Prix tour in 1989 and enrolled in Rice University.
Sasha Issenberg
Sasha Issenberg is an American journalist. His articles have been published in Philadelphia, Slate, the Washington Monthly, The New York Times Magazine, The Atlantic, Boston, The Boston Globe, Monocle, Politico, The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post and George, where he was a contributing editor.

Philadelphia (magazine)
Philadelphia (also called "Philadelphia magazine" or referred to by the nickname "Phillymag", once called Greater Philadelphia) is a regional monthly magazine published in Philadelphia by the Lipson family of Philadelphia and its company, Metrocorp Publishing.
2022–23 Vijay Hazare Trophy Group B
The 2022–23 Vijay Hazare Trophy is the twenty first season of the Vijay Hazare Trophy, a List A cricket tournament that is being played in India. It was contested by 38 teams, divided into five groups, with eight teams in Group B. The tournament was announced by the BCCI on 8 August 2022.

Vijay Hazare Trophy
The Vijay Hazare Trophy is a cricket tournament played in India. It is administered by the Board of Control for Cricket in India and is contested by state and city teams in a league and playoff format. Along with the inter-zonal Deodhar Trophy, it forms the top level of List A cricket in the country, and is an important feeder tournament for selection in the Indian National Cricket Team. Matches consist of 50 overs per side, similar to One Day International matches. It was initially a zonal tournament, and became a national tournament in 2002. Vidarbha are the defending champions, after having won the 2025-26 edition.
Robert Denham
Robert Edwin Denham (August 27, 1945 – March 15, 2025) was an American lawyer known for crisis management at struggling companies. Denham worked with Warren Buffet to reform Salomon Brothers and prevent its insolvency after a bids-rigging scandal. He continued as chairman and CEO of the firm until a $9 billion sale to Travelers Group.

The Travelers Companies
The Travelers Companies, Inc., commonly known as Travelers, is an American multinational insurance company. It is the second-largest writer of U.S. commercial property casualty insurance, and the sixth-largest writer of U.S. personal insurance through independent agents. Travelers is incorporated in Minnesota, with headquarters in New York City, and its largest office in Hartford, Connecticut. It has been a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average since June 8, 2009.

The company has field offices in every U.S. state, plus operations in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Singapore, China, Canada, and Brazil. Travelers ranked No. 98 in the 2021 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations with total revenue of $32 billion.
Građanski Zemun
HŠK Građanski (Croatian: Hrvatski športski klub "Građanski") was a football club from Zemun, near Belgrade in what is now Serbia. Local Croats from Zemun and other parts of Syrmia gathered around this club.

Football club (association football)
In association football, a football club (or association football club, alternatively soccer club) is a sports club that acts as an entity through which association football teams organise their sporting activities. The club can exist either as an independent unit or as part of a larger sports organization as a subsidiary of the parent club or organization.

The sport of association football allows teams that partake in some sort of club activity to participate in tournaments such as leagues and other competitions. Teams must register their players as well as staff and other personnel to be eligible to represent the club in any activity as it regards to association football competitions.
Thao Hiranyaphanasura
Thao Hiranyaphanasura (ท้าวหิรัญพนาสูร) or Thao Hiranyhu is an asura who was worshipped by King Vajiravudh (Rama VI) of Siam, Queen Suvadhana, and Princess Phet Ratanaratana Sirisopawannawadi as their personal guardian deity.

Suvadhana
Princess Suvadhana (Thai: สุวัทนา; RTGS: Suwatthana, 15 April 1905 – 10 October 1985) was the royal consort of King Vajiravudh (or Rama VI) of Siam. Her original name was Khrueakaeo Abhayavongsa (Thai: เครือแก้ว อภัยวงศ์; RTGS: Khruea-kaeo Aphaiwong). She was born a commoner; her father was Lord Abhayabhupesa (Lueam Abhayavongsa) and her mother was Ms. Lek Bunnag.
Mount Bridgman
Mount Bridgman (66°50′S 67°23′W﻿ / ﻿66.833°S 67.383°W﻿ / -66.833; -67.383) is a prominent mountain which surmounts the central part of Liard Island in Hanusse Bay, which is a broad V-Shaped bay off the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. It was mapped from photos obtained by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (1947–48) and the Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (1956–57). It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Percy W. Bridgman, an American physicist who discovered the high-pressure forms of ice.

Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition
The Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (FIDASE) was an aerial survey of the Falkland Islands Dependencies and the Antarctic Peninsula which took place in the 1955–56 and 1956–57 southern summers.

Funded by the Colonial Office and organized by Peter Mott, the survey was carried out by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd.  The expedition was based at Deception Island and utilized the Oluf Sven, two Canso flying-boats, and several helicopters.

The photographic collection, held by the British Antarctic Survey as the United Kingdom Antarctic Mapping Centre, comprises about 12,800 frames taken on 26,700 kilometers of ground track.
Promise, Oregon
Promise is an unincorporated community in northern Wallowa County, Oregon, United States. It is located about 25 road miles south of Troy and 8 miles north of Maxville on a remote ridge south of the Grande Ronde River.

The area was first homesteaded by John C. Phillips and Daniel W. Mann in about 1891. Mann called the area "Promised Land" and "Land of Promise", so when a post office was established in 1896, it was called "Promise". Thomas C. Miller was the first postmaster, and the office ran until 1944. At one time Promise had a school.

An annual Promise reunion is held for residents, descendants and friends at the Promise Grange Hall.

National Grange
The National Grange, also known as The Grange and officially named The National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry, is a social organization in the United States that encourages families to band together to promote the economic and political well-being of the community and agriculture. The Grange, founded after the Civil War in 1867, is the oldest American agricultural advocacy group with a national scope. The Grange actively lobbied state legislatures and Congress for political goals, such as the Granger Laws to lower rates charged by railroads, and rural free mail delivery by the Post Office.

In 2025, the Grange had a membership of 140,000, with organizations in 1,400 communities. It is headquartered in Washington, D.C., in a building built by the organization in 1960. Many rural communities in the United States still have a Grange Hall and local Granges continue to serve as a center of rural life for many farming communities.
Parkway (ward)
Parkway was an electoral ward in the London Borough of Islington from 1965 to 1978. The ward was first used in the 1964 elections and last used for the 1974 elections. It returned three councillors to Islington London Borough Council. For elections to the Greater London Council, the ward was part of the Islington electoral division from 1965 and then the Islington North division from 1973.

1964 London local elections
The 1964 London local elections were held on 7 May 1964 alongside nationwide elections. They were the inaugural elections for the thirty-two London boroughs, which were created on 1 April 1965 by the London Government Act 1963. All seats were up for election, with polling stations open between 08:00 and 21:00.

The result was a landslide for the Labour Party, who won twenty of the boroughs. The Conservatives won nine, and three were under no overall control. Only sixteen Liberal councillors were elected in London, along with forty-nine residents and ratepayers candidates, three independents and three Communists. The result followed the convincing Labour gain of the new Greater London Council in the first GLC elections which had been held on 9 April.
Anna Bruns
Anna Bruns (née von Bonin; 27 August 1937 – 19 January 2025) was a German politician. A member of the Green-Alternative List, she served in the Hamburg Parliament from 1991 to 1998.

Bruns died on 19 January 2025, at the age of 87.

Hamburg Parliament
The Hamburg Parliament (German: Hamburgische Bürgerschaft; literally “Hamburgish Citizenry” or, more poetically, “Hamburgish Burgessry”) is the unicameral legislature of the German state of Hamburg according to the constitution of Hamburg. As of 2025 there are 121 sitting members, representing 17 electoral districts. The parliament is situated in the city hall Hamburg Rathaus and is part of the Government of Hamburg.

The parliament is among other things responsible for the law, the election of the Erster Bürgermeister (First Mayor) for the election period and the control of the Senate (cabinet).

The President of the Hamburg Parliament is the highest official person of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg.

Its members are elected in universal, direct, free, equal and secret elections every five years.
Deaths in December 2025
The following is a list of notable deaths in December 2025.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Seanad Éireann
53°20′26″N 6°15′14″W﻿ / ﻿53.34055°N 6.254021°W﻿ / 53.34055; -6.254021
Seanad Éireann (/ˈʃænəd ˈɛərən, ˈʃænəð/ ⓘ SHAN-əd(h) AIR-ən; Irish: [ˈʃan̪ˠəd̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ]; "Senate of Ireland") is the upper house of the Oireachtas (the Irish legislature), which also comprises the President of Ireland and Dáil Éireann (the lower house).

It is commonly called the Seanad or Senate and its members are known as senators (Irish: seanadóirí, singular: seanadóir). Unlike Dáil Éireann, it is not directly elected but consists of a mixture of members chosen by various methods. Its powers are much weaker than those of the Dáil and it can only delay laws with which it disagrees, rather than veto them outright. It can introduce new legislation. Since its establishment, it has been located in Leinster House.
Sexual diversity
Sexual diversity or gender and sexual diversity (GSD), refers to all the diversities of sex characteristics, sexual orientations and gender identities, without the need to specify each of the identities, behaviors, or characteristics that form this plurality.

Heteroflexibility
Heteroflexibility is a form of a sexual orientation or situational sexual behavior characterized by minimal homosexual activity in an otherwise primarily heterosexual orientation, which may or may not distinguish it from bisexuality. It has been characterized as "mostly straight". Although sometimes equated with bi-curiosity to describe a broad continuum of sexual orientation between heterosexuality and bisexuality, other authors distinguish heteroflexibility as lacking the "wish to experiment with ... sexuality" implied by the bi-curious label.

The corresponding situation in which homosexual activity predominates has also been described, termed homoflexibility.