hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lee Townsend
Lee Townsend  is an American independent music producer, curator, artist manager and co-owner of Songtone (Songline/Tone Field Productions), specializing in recordings of singer-songwriters, contemporary composers, improvising musicians, and cross-cultural musical collaborations. He is also a psychotherapist in private practice in the San Francisco Bay Area.

Ani Choying Drolma
Ani Choying Drolma (born 4 June 1971), also known as Choying Dolma and Ani Choying (Ani, "nun", is an honorific), is a Nepalese Buddhist nun of Tibetan origin and musician from the Nagi Gompa nunnery in Nepal. She is known in Nepal and throughout the world for bringing many Tibetan Buddhist chants and feast songs to mainstream audiences. She is the UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador to Nepal since 2014. She published her autobiographical book Phoolko Aankhama in 2008.
Indigenous Philippine shrines and sacred grounds
Indigenous Philippine shrines and sacred grounds are places regarded as holy within the indigenous Philippine folk religions. These places usually serve as grounds for communication with the spirit world, especially to the deities and ancestral spirits. In some cases, they also function as safeguards for the caskets of ancestors, as well as statues or other objects depicting divine entities.

Lumad
The Lumad are a group of Austronesian indigenous peoples in the southern Philippines. It is a Cebuano term meaning 'native' or 'indigenous'. The term is short for Katawhang Lumad (lit. 'indigenous people'), the autonym officially adopted by the delegates of the Lumad Mindanao Peoples Federation (LMPF) founding assembly on 26 June 1986 at the Guadalupe Formation Center, Balindog, Kidapawan, Cotabato. Usage of the term was accepted in Philippine jurisprudence when President Corazon Aquino signed into law Republic Act 6734, where the word was used in Art. XIII sec. 8(2) to distinguish Lumad ethnic communities from the islands of Mindanao.

Mindanao is home to a substantial part of the country's indigenous population, comprising around 15% of the Philippine population.
Mẫu Thoải
Mẫu Thoải (Chữ Hán: 母水, or Thủy Cung Thánh Mẫu (Chữ Hán: 水宮聖母) is a goddess in Vietnamese non-Buddhist traditional religion. The goddess features in Chầu văn religious ceremonies and music.

She presides over the heavenly water palace Thoải Phủ, one of the Four Palaces (Tứ Phủ) where the "spirits of the Four Palaces" (thánh Tứ Phủ) correspond to the elements.

Chầu văn
Hát chầu văn (Vietnamese: [háːt cə̂w van], chữ Nôm: 喝朝文), or in secular form hát văn (喝文), is a traditional folk art of northern Vietnam which combines trance singing and dancing. Its music and poetry are combined with a variety of instruments, rhythms, pauses, and tempos. Hát chầu văn originated in the 16th century and spread quickly. The main musical instrument used in hat van performance is the đàn nguyệt or moon-shaped lute. The genre is famous for its use in rituals for deity mediumship. Chầu văn serves two purposes: to help hypnotize the medium for reception of the deities and to accompany the medium's actions with appropriate music.

The singing and dance in non-religious form is hát văn ("sung literature") without the word chầu ("to have an audience with someone of higher power", "to perform a service and pay homage to a deity").
Sheikhpura Kothi
Sehikhpura Kothi, currently leased and operated as WelcomHeritage Sheikhpura Kothi, is a heritage building. It was built in 1924 by American architect Dinkelberg for the family of Sir Chhaju Ram Lamba the Jat Zamindar and businessman from Alakhpura, and later leased it to WelcomHeritage Hotels for its current operation as a heritage hotel.

It was ranked as the 2nd best hotel in Hisar by TripAdvisor in 2012. It is 154 kilometres (96 mi) west of Delhi and 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) north-east of center of Hansi, on the Hansi-Ugalan road off NH9 Hansi bypass, a few hundred meters from the intersection of NH9 and NH12.

National Highway 9 (India)
National Highway 9 (NH 9) is a National Highway in India in east-west direction. It starts at Fazilka in Punjab and ends at Gori Ganga Bridge at Askot in Pithoragarh (Kumaun) District of Uttarakhand in Pithoragarh district in Uttarakhand. It passes through the states of Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. After renumbering of all national highways by National Highway Authority of India in 2010, the current NH 9 was formed by merging segments of five separate national highways in 2010; these were Old NH 10 (Fazilka-Delhi section), Old NH 24 (Delhi-Rampur section),  Old NH 87 (Rampur-Rudrapur section), Old NH 74 (Rudrapur-Sitarganj-Khatima section) and Old NH 125 (Tanakpur-Pithoragarh section).
New Jersey Titans
The New Jersey Titans were a team of the Women's Spring Football League (WSFL) 11-woman division.  Originally based in Wayne, New Jersey, the Titans played their home games on the campus of Passaic County Technical Institute through the 2010 season. Upon their return for the 2012 season, the Titans relocated their home games to Belleville Municipal Stadium in Belleville, New Jersey.

Before joining the WSFL, the Titans played a season each in the now-defunct Women's Professional Football League and the National Women's Football Association, as well as two seasons in the Women's Football Alliance before taking the 2011 season off.

The Titans were owned by former Fairleigh Dickinson basketball player Simone Edwards, who also played on the team as a tight end and linebacker. Under her direction, the Titans won the WSFL title in 2012.

Passaic County Technical Institute
Passaic County Technical Institute (also known as PCTI, Passaic County Tech, Wayne Tech or simply Tech), is a vocational public high school in Wayne, that serves students in ninth through twelfth grades from all of Passaic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is located near the city of Paterson. PCTI offers some vocational classes in addition to several college credit courses. It is the sister school of the Diana C. Lobosco STEM Academy, with which it shares a campus and extracurricular programs.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 3,660 students and 302.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.1:1. There were 1,483 students (40.5% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 328 (9.0% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch. Based on 2021-22 data from the New Jersey Department of Education, PCTI was the largest high school in the state, one of 29 schools with more than 2,000 students.
Bo Karlsson
Bo Jonas Hilding Karlsson (born 12 October 1949) is a former football referee from Sweden. He refereed one match at the 1992 European Championships and one match at the 1994 World Cup. He also refereed the 1991 European Cup Winners' Cup Final between Manchester United and Barcelona.

In 2010, Karlsson appeared in Mattias Löw's documentary The Referee about Martin Hansson shown on Sveriges Television ahead of the World Cup in South Africa.

Martin Hansson
Martin Hansson (born 6 April 1971) is a Swedish former football referee. He was a full international referee for FIFA between 2001 and 2013.

Hansson works as a firefighter outside refereeing and is fluent in Swedish, English and German. His hobbies include hunting and angling.
Chemical stability
In chemistry, chemical stability is the thermodynamic stability of a chemical system, in particular a chemical compound or a polymer. Colloquially, it may instead refer to kinetic persistence, the shelf-life of a metastable substance or system; that is, the timescale over which it begins to degrade.

Thermodynamic stability occurs when a system is in its lowest energy state, or in chemical equilibrium with its environment. This may be a dynamic equilibrium in which individual atoms or molecules change form, but their overall number in a particular form is conserved. This type of chemical thermodynamic equilibrium will persist indefinitely unless the system is changed. Chemical systems might undergo changes in the phase of matter or a set of chemical reactions.

State A is said to be more thermodynamically stable than state B if the Gibbs free energy of the change from A to B is positive.

Chemical equilibrium
In a chemical reaction, chemical equilibrium is the state in which both the reactants and products are present in concentrations which have no further tendency to change with time, so that there is no observable change in the properties of the system. This state results when the forward reaction proceeds at the same rate as the reverse reaction. The reaction rates of the forward and backward reactions are generally not zero, but they are equal. Thus, there are no net changes in the concentrations of the reactants and products. Such a state is known as dynamic equilibrium.
It is the subject of study of equilibrium chemistry.
Racial quota
Racial quotas in employment and education are numerical requirements or quotas for hiring, promoting, admitting and/or graduating members of a particular racial group. Racial quotas are often established as means of diminishing racial discrimination, addressing under-representation and evident racism against those racial groups or, the opposite, against the disadvantaged majority group (see numerus clausus or bhumiputra systems). Conversely, quotas have also been used historically to promote discrimination against minority groups by limiting access to influential institutions in employment and education.

These quotas may be determined by governmental authority and backed by governmental sanctions. When the total number of jobs or enrollment slots is fixed, this proportion may get translated to a specific number.

Reverse discrimination
Reverse discrimination is a term used to describe discrimination against members of a dominant or majority group, in favor of members of a minority or historically disadvantaged group. Reverse discrimination based on race or ethnicity is also called reverse racism.
Holden FE
The Holden FE is an automobile produced by Holden in Australia from 1956 until 1958. It was also the first Holden to be assembled in New Zealand, where General Motors New Zealand built their first example on 31 January 1957.

Holden Utility
The Holden Utility was a coupé utility produced by Holden from 1951 to 2000, being replaced by the Holden Ute. The 50-2106, based on the 48-215 was the first Holden Coupe Utility model.

Holden briefly stopped producing the Holden Utility in 1984 with the end of the Holden WB series, restarting production in 1990 with the Holden Commodore (VN)-based Holden Utility (VG).
2011 Samsung Securities Cup
The 2011 Samsung Securities Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 12th edition and the 1st edition of the tournament which was part of the 2011 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2011 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Seoul, South Korea between 17 and 23 October 2011.

2011 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2011 ITF Women's Circuit is the 2011 edition of the second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organised by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the WTA Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $10,000 up to $100,000.
Kloster Veßra
Kloster Veßra is a municipality in the district of Hildburghausen in Thuringia, Germany.

Vessra Abbey (now an open-air museum)  was founded and supported by the Henneberg family and abandoned after the Reformation.  The church was used as a parish church until 1939 when it caught fire.  It also had a close association with the von Bibra family in the 15th century.

Hildburghausen (district)
Hildburghausen is a district in Thuringia, Germany. It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the district of Schmalkalden-Meiningen, the city of Suhl, the districts of Ilm-Kreis, Saalfeld-Rudolstadt and Sonneberg, and the state of Bavaria (districts of Coburg, Haßberge and Rhön-Grabfeld). Located roughly halfway between the mountain chains of the Rhön and the Thuringian Forest, the district is densely forested and covered by hilly countryside. Its territory is similar to that of the former Ernestine duchy, Saxe-Hildburghausen.
Gary Deegan
Gary Richard Deegan (born 28 September 1987) is an Irish former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. Beginning his career in his native Ireland, he played in the Scottish Premiership for Hibernian and various clubs in all three divisions of the English Football League.

PFAI Team of the Year
The Professional Footballers' Association of Ireland Team of the Year (often called the PFAI Team of the Year, or simply the Team of the Year) is an annual award given to the group of eleven players voted by their fellow players as having performed the best over the season. There are two separate teams voted for; the League of Ireland Premier Division and a League of Ireland First Division.
Vanderlip, West Virginia
Vanderlip is an unincorporated community in Hampshire County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. Vanderlip is located west of Romney along the Northwestern Turnpike (U.S. Route 50) and the South Branch Valley Railroad. At times the community was referred to as West Romney Station, while its post office used the name Vanderlip, after a Baltimore and Ohio Railroad executive. The "heart" of Vanderlip is centered between Vanderlip Drive and Ozark Hill Road.

The community was named after Frank A. Vanderlip, a railroad banker.

U.S. Route 50 in West Virginia
U.S. Route 50 (US 50) in West Virginia runs from the border with Ohio to Virginia, passing briefly through Garrett County, Maryland, and following the Northwestern Turnpike.  Prior to the U.S. Highway System it was West Virginia Route 1 and in the 1930s, the road was not finished in Maryland. Today the section of US 50 from Clarksburg to Parkersburg on the Ohio River is part of Corridor D of the Appalachian Development Highway System.

Between Parkersburg and Wolf Summit, Route 50 roughly parallels the North Bend Rail Trail and crosses the trail at three places.
Symphony No. 4 (Nielsen)
Symphony No. 4, Op. 29, FS 76, also known as "The Inextinguishable" (Danish: Det Uudslukkelige), was completed by Danish composer Carl Nielsen in 1916. Composed against the backdrop of World War I, this symphony is among the most dramatic that Nielsen wrote, featuring a "battle" between two sets of timpani.

Robert Simpson (composer)
Robert Wilfred Levick Simpson (2 March 1921 – 21 November 1997) was an English composer, as well as a long-serving BBC producer and broadcaster.

He is best known for his orchestral and chamber music (particularly those in the key classical forms: 11 symphonies and 15 string quartets), and for his writings on the music of Beethoven, Bruckner, Nielsen and Sibelius. He studied composition under Herbert Howells. Remarkably for a living contemporary composer, a Robert Simpson Society was formed in 1980 by individuals concerned that Simpson's music had been unfairly neglected. The society aims to bring Simpson's music to a wider public by sponsoring recordings and live performances of his work, by issuing a journal and other publications, and by maintaining an archive of material relating to the composer. In 2021, he was featured as Composer of the Week on BBC Radio 3.
2014 Vuelta a Burgos
The 2014 Vuelta a Burgos (English: 2014 Tour of Burgos) was the 36th edition of the Vuelta a Burgos, an annual bicycle stage race which toured the province of Burgos; it was held as part of the 2014 UCI Europe Tour, as a 2.HC classification event.

2014 UCI Europe Tour
The 2014 UCI Europe Tour was the tenth season of the UCI Europe Tour. The 2014 season began on 2 February 2014 with the Grand Prix Cycliste la Marseillaise and ended on 19 October 2014 with the Chrono des Nations.

The points leader, based on the cumulative results of previous races, wears the UCI Europe Tour cycling jersey. Riccardo Zoidl of Austria was the defending champion of the 2013 UCI Europe Tour. The 2014 Europe Tour was won by Tom Van Asbroeck.

Throughout the season, points are awarded to the top finishers of stages within stage races and the final general classification standings of each of the stages races and one-day events. The quality and complexity of a race also determines how many points are awarded to the top finishers, the higher the UCI rating of a race, the more points are awarded.

The UCI ratings from highest to lowest are as follows:

Multi-day events: 2.HC, 2.1 and 2.2

One-day events: 1.HC, 1.1 and 1.2
Governor of Chernivtsi Oblast
The governor of Chernivtsi Oblast is the head of executive branch for the Chernivtsi Oblast.

The office of governor is an appointed position, with officeholders being appointed by the president of Ukraine, on recommendation from the prime minister of Ukraine, to serve a four-year term. The head of the Chernivtsi Regional State Administration is responsible to the President of Ukraine and the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine in the exercise of his/her powers, and is accountable to and controlled by higher-level executive authorities.

The official residence for the governor is located in Chernivtsi. Since 22 November 2019 the governor is Serhiy Osachuk.

Mykhailo Romaniv
Mykhailo Vasylovych Romaniv (Ukrainian: Михайло Васильович Романів; born on 30 July 1956), is a Ukrainian politician who served as the Governor of Chernivtsi Oblast twice, first from July 2003 to January 2005 and later in March 2014.

He holds advanced academic qualifications as a candidate of economic sciences and doctor of philosophy, is an associate professor, and has served on the editorial board of the journal "Finance of Ukraine".
2000–01 FA Cup
The 2000–01 FA Cup (known as The FA Cup sponsored by AXA for sponsorship reasons) was the 120th season of the world's oldest knockout football competition, the FA Cup. The competition was won by Liverpool, who came from 1–0 behind against Arsenal to eventually win 2–1 in the final. The final was played outside England for the first time, at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff, because Wembley Stadium was being knocked down to be replaced with a new stadium.

2000–01 Isthmian League
The 2000–01 season was the 86th season of the Isthmian League, which is an English football competition featuring semi-professional and amateur clubs from London, East and South East England. The league consisted of four divisions.
Galina Matvievskaya
Galina Pavlovna Matvievskaya (Russian: Галина Павловна Матвиевская; 13 July 1930 – 30 January 2025) was a Soviet historian. She specialized in the history of mathematics, writing several books related to the Islamic Golden Age.

Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan
The Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan (Uzbek: Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Fanlar akademiyasi, Ўзбекистон Республикаси Фанлар академияси) is the main scientific organization of the Republic of Uzbekistan. It coordinates research in all areas of science and technology.

The academy was established in 1943 as the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. The Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR was acclaimed for its high-quality research, playing an important role in Soviet science. After the collapse of the USSR, it became the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan.
Decisive victory
A decisive victory is a military victory in battle that definitively resolves the objective being fought over, ending one stage of the conflict and beginning another stage. Until a decisive victory is achieved, conflict over the competing objectives will continue.

The Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World
The Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World: from Marathon to Waterloo is a book written by Sir Edward Shepherd Creasy and published in 1851.  This book tells the story of the fifteen military engagements which, according to the author, had a significant impact on world history.
1976 VFA season
The 1976 Victorian Football Association season was the 95th season of the top division of the Australian rules football competition, and the 16th season of second division competition. The Division 1 premiership was won by the Port Melbourne Football Club, after it defeated Dandenong in the Grand Final on 19 September by 57 points; it was Port Melbourne's 11th Division 1 premiership, taking it past Williamstown to become the club with the most Division 1 premierships in VFA history, a title it still holds outright as of 2024; and, it was the second of six premierships won by the club in nine seasons between 1974 and 1982. The Division 2 premiership was won by Williamstown; it was its second Division 2 premiership, won in its first season in after relegation.

Dandenong Football Club
The Dandenong Football Club, nicknamed the Redlegs, was an Australian rules football club based in the Melbourne suburb of Dandenong. The club competed in the Victorian Football Association (VFA) from 1958 until 1994.
AutoGyro Calidus
The AutoGyro Calidus is a German autogyro, designed and produced by AutoGyro GmbH of Hildesheim.  The aircraft is supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

The Calidus was approved in the United Kingdom in 2010 in a modified form as the RotorSport UK Calidus.

Tandem
Tandem, or in tandem, is an arrangement in which two or more animals, machines, or people are lined up one behind another, all facing in the same direction. Tandem can also be used more generally to refer to any group of persons or objects working together, not necessarily in line.

The English word tandem derives from the Latin adverb tandem, meaning at length or finally. It is a word play, using the Latin phrase (referring to time, not position) for English "at length, lengthwise".
Grauże Nowe
Grauże Nowe [ˈɡrau̯ʐɛ ˈnɔvɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szypliszki, within Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Lithuania.

The towns nearest to it are Grauże Stare, Lipowo, Klonorejść, and Kaletnik. Its name probably comes from the Lithuanian word gražus, meaning 'beautiful'; 'nowe' means 'new' in Polish. The village is considered beautiful because of a scenic lake, Grauże; about 10 meters away from the lake is a resort.

Lipowo, Gmina Szypliszki
Lipowo [liˈpɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szypliszki, within Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Lithuania.

According to the 1921 census, the village had a population of 132, entirely Polish by nationality, 51.5% Lutheran and 48.5% Roman Catholic by confession.
Larsen Bay (American Samoa)
Larsen Bay is a bay in the Western District, American Samoa. Comparable to its neighboring Fagatele Bay, Larsen Bay serves as a vital habitat for marine biodiversity. Larsen Bay, covering approximately 0.46 square miles, is located east of Fagatele Bay, stretching from Steps Point to Sail Rock. The bay features a steep descent to depths exceeding 500 meters and is characterized by rich coral coverage and diverse marine species.

Western District, American Samoa
The Western District is one of the three primary divisions of American Samoa. It consists of the western portion of Tutuila Island. It has a land area of 74.781 km2 (28.873 sq mi) and contains 29 villages plus a part of Nuʻuuli village. Among these is the largest village of American Samoa, Tafuna, at its eastern end. The district's total population as of the 2010 census was 31,329.

In addition to the western half of Tutuila Island, the Western District also includes several smaller islets, such as Taputapu Island, Toatai Rock, Niuolepava Rock, Utumatuu Rock, Liuvaatoga Rock, Luania Rocks, Manuelo Rock, and Nuutavana Rock.

Dental and medical care to residents of the Western District are offered by Tafuna Community Health Center.
Bowshank
Bowshank is a village in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, close to the A7, beside the Gala Water.

Nearby are Bow Castle Broch, as well as Buckholm, Clovenfords, the Lugate Water, Torsonce and Stow.

Stow of Wedale
Stow of Wedale, or more often Stow, /ˈstaʊ/ is a village in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland (historically in Midlothian), 7 miles (11 kilometres) north of Galashiels. In the 2011 Census the population was 718. It is served by Stow railway station.