hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mayilvahanan Natarajan
Dr. Mayilvahanan Natarajan (born 24 December 1954) is an Indian surgeon who has made substantial contributions to the specialties of Orthopedic oncology, Medical training, Health administration, Medical ethics and invention of Custom Mega Prostheses to avoid amputation for Bone tumor patients. For his efforts, he was awarded the Padma Shri by the government of India in 2007.

Mayilvahanan Natarajan, an elected fellow of the National Academy of Medical Sciences, was the 7th Vice Chancellor of  Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University.

Natarajan received the prestigious recognition of "Pharma Leaders Indian of the Year – Orthopedics” at Pharma Leaders  Power Brand Awards 2018 founded by Satya Brahma.

Health administration
Health administration, healthcare administration, healthcare management, health services management or hospital management is the field relating to leadership, management, and administration of public health systems, health care systems, hospitals, and hospital networks in all the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors.
Chunichi Building
The Chunichi Building is located in Sakae, Nagoya, in central Japan. It is located facing Hisaya Ōdori Park. Officially it is called the Chūbu Nippon Building, but is commonly known as the Chunichi Building.

The building was the home of the former Chunichi Theatre.

Sakae, Nagoya
Sakae (栄) is an area in Naka-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. It refers to the areas around Sakae intersection, Sakae Station on the Nagoya Municipal Subway and Sakae Station on the Meitetsu Seto Line. Sakae is in the heart of Nagoya and is, along with Nagoya Station, one of Nagoya's main commercial districts.
18 Andromedae
18 Andromedae, abbreviated 18 And, is a single star in the northern constellation of Andromeda. 18 Andromedae is the Flamsteed designation. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.350. The annual parallax shift of 7.8 mas can be used to estimate a distance of 419 light years. It is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +10 km/s.

This is a B-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of B9 Ve, where the 'e' notation indicates this is a Be star. The stellar spectrum of 18 And displays an emission line in the hydrogen Brackett series due to a dense gaseous circumstellar envelope. The star is spinning rapidly with a projected rotational velocity of 183 km/s and has about three times the mass of the Sun. It is radiating 147 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 10,351 K. The star has about 3.61 times the radius of the Sun.

Stellar rotation
Stellar rotation is the angular motion of a star about its axis. The rate of rotation can be measured from the spectrum of the star, or by timing the movements of active features on the surface.

The rotation of a star produces an equatorial bulge due to centrifugal force. As stars are not solid bodies, they can also undergo differential rotation. Thus the equator of the star can rotate at a different angular velocity than the higher latitudes. These differences in the rate of rotation within a star may have a significant role in the generation of a stellar magnetic field.

In its turn, the magnetic field of a star interacts with the stellar wind. As the wind moves away from the star its angular speed decreases. The magnetic field of the star interacts with the wind, which applies a drag to the stellar rotation. As a result, angular momentum is transferred from the star to the wind, and over time this gradually slows the star's rate of rotation.
Ernest Renan
Joseph Ernest Renan (/rəˈnɑːn/; French: [ʒozɛf ɛʁnɛst ʁənɑ̃]; 27 February 1823 – 2 October 1892) was a French Orientalist and Semitic scholar, writing on Semitic languages and civilizations, historian of religion, philologist, philosopher, biblical scholar, and critic. He wrote works on the origins of early Christianity, and espoused popular political theories especially concerning nationalism, national identity, and the superiority of white people over other human races.  Renan is among the first scholars to advance the debunked Khazar theory, which held that Ashkenazi Jews were descendants of the Khazars, Turkic peoples who had adopted the Jewish religion and allegedly migrated to central and eastern Europe following the collapse of their khanate. On this basis he alleged that the Jews were "an incomplete race."

Khanate
A khanate (/ˈxɑːneɪt, -ət/ KHAHN-ayt, -⁠ət) or khaganate was a polity ruled by a khan, khagan, khatun, or khanum. Khanates were typically nomadic Mongolic and Turkic societies located on the Eurasian Steppe, and politically equivalent in status to kinship-based chiefdoms and feudal monarchies. Khanates and khaganates were organised tribally, where leaders gained power on the support and loyalty of their warrior subjects, gaining tribute from subordinates as realm funding. In comparison to a khanate, a khaganate, the realm of a khagan, was a large nomadic state maintaining subjugation over numerous smaller khanates. The title of khagan, translating as "Khan of the Khans", roughly corresponds in status to that of an emperor.
Local Government Act 1958
The Local Government Act 1958 (6 & 7 Eliz. 2. c. 55) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom affecting local government in England and Wales outside London. Among its provisions it included the establishment of Local Government Commissions to review the areas and functions of local authorities, and introduced new procedures for carrying these into action.

Formby
Formby is a town and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, Merseyside, England.

Historically in Merseyside, three manors are recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 under "Fornebei", Halsall, Walton and Poynton. Cockle raking and shrimp fishing lasted into the 19th century. By 1872, the township and sub-district was made up of two chapelries (St Peter's and St Luke's), Birkdale township, the hamlets of Ainsdale and Raven-Meols and Altcar parish. Formby was built on the plain adjoining the Irish Sea coast a few miles north of the Crosby channel.

A commuter town for Liverpool, Formby is also a tourist destination with day trippers attracted to its beaches, sand dunes and wildlife, particularly the endangered red squirrel and natterjack toad. The area is conserved by the National Trust, and designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest.
Etoile (film)
Etoile (transl. Star) is a 1989 Italian film directed by Peter Del Monte and starring Jennifer Connelly, Laurent Terzieff, Charles Durning, Olimpia Carlisi, Mario Marozzi, Donald Hodson and Gary McCleery.

The title refers to the French term for the highest ranking principal dancer in a ballet company, similar to a prima ballerina.
What follows is a loose retelling of Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake, in which a young American ballerina travels to Hungary in the hopes of joining a prestigious ballet academy, only to fall under the ghostly and sinister influence of its choreographer and director. The film was distributed by Aristi Associati and premiered on March 17 1989, with a limited release outside of Italy. It was awarded The Critic's Award at the 1990 Fantasporto Film Festival in Portugal and was poorly received by Italian critics.

Dario Argento
Dario Argento (Italian: [ˈdaːrjo arˈdʒɛnto]; born 7 September 1940) is an Italian film director, screenwriter and producer. His influential work in the horror and giallo genres during the 1970s and 1980s has led him to being referred to as the "Master of the Thrill" and the "Master of Horror".

His films as director include his "Animal Trilogy", consisting of The Bird with the Crystal Plumage (1970), The Cat o' Nine Tails (1971) and Four Flies on Grey Velvet (1971); his "Three Mothers" trilogy, consisting of Suspiria (1977), Inferno (1980) and The Mother of Tears (2007); and his stand-alone films Deep Red (1975), Tenebrae (1982), Phenomena (1985) and Opera (1987). He co-wrote the screenplay for Sergio Leone's Once Upon a Time in the West (1968) and served as George A. Romero's script consultant on Dawn of the Dead (1978), for which he also composed the soundtrack with his long-time collaborators Goblin.
Torsion field (pseudoscience)
A torsion field (also called axion field, spin field, spinor field, and microlepton field) is a reoccurring feature of many pseudoscientific proposals. It posits that the quantum spin of particles can be used to cause emanations to carry information through vacuum orders of magnitude faster than the speed of light.

Einstein–Cartan theory
In theoretical physics, the Einstein–Cartan theory, also known as the Einstein–Cartan–Sciama–Kibble theory, is a classical theory of gravitation, one of several alternatives to general relativity. The theory was first proposed by Élie Cartan in 1922.
Derek Bond (theatre director)
Derek Bond is an Olivier-award winning British theatre director and writer who has directed in the West End theatre, at the Royal Exchange Theatre, Southwark Playhouse, Soho Theatre and Watford Palace Theatre.

Watford Palace Theatre
Watford Palace Theatre, opened in 1908, is an Edwardian Grade II listed building in Watford, Hertfordshire. The 600-seat theatre on Clarendon Road was refurbished in 2004. It houses its own rehearsal room, wardrobe, cafe and bar.
Thunder Ridge Wilderness
The Thunder Ridge Wilderness is a 2,344 acres (949 ha) area located near Natural Bridge, Virginia, which is protected by the Eastern Wilderness Act of Congress to maintain its present, natural condition. As part of the National Wilderness Preservation System, it helps to preserve a variety of natural life forms and contributes to a diversity of plant and animal gene pools. Over half of the ecosystems in the United States exist within designated wilderness.

Dominated by Thunder Ridge with steep slopes towering above Arnold Valley, the interior is incredibly rugged, remote and rarely visited. The top of the ridge contains flowers blooming late into summer, long past blooms in the hot valley below. Trillium, may apple, pink lady slipper, Indian cucumber root and columbine flourish in the shade of black cherry trees, northern red oak and hickories.

The area is part of the Glenwood Cluster.

Eastern Wilderness Areas Act
The Eastern Wilderness Areas Act (Pub. L. 93–622, 88 Stat. 2096) was signed into law by President Gerald Ford on January 3, 1975. The Act designated 16 new wilderness areas in the Eastern United States, including 207,000 acres (84,000 ha) of wilderness on national lands in 13 states. Although it was originally untitled, the bill signed by Ford has come to be known as the Eastern Wilderness Areas Act.

The Act built upon the Wilderness Act, which was written by Howard Zahniser of The Wilderness Society and signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964. While the Wilderness Act created the legal definition of wilderness in the United States, the Eastern Wilderness Areas Act applied only to land east of the 100th meridian west.
2022 FIVB Men's Volleyball Nations League
The 2022 FIVB Men's Volleyball Nations League was the fourth edition of the FIVB Men's Volleyball Nations League, an annual men's international volleyball tournament. The competition was held from 7 June to 24 July 2022, and the final round took place in Unipol Arena, Bologna, Italy.

Australia were the last placed challenger team after the preliminary round and would therefore be replaced by the 2022 Challenger Cup winners Cuba in the 2023 edition.

France won their first VNL title after defeating the United States in a five-set final. It was the United States' second silver medal in the tournament. Poland won their second bronze medal by defeating the host Italy in straight sets in the third-place match. Earvin N'Gapeth from France was named the MVP of the tournament.

Cuba men's national volleyball team
The Cuba men's national volleyball team (Spanish: Selección masculina de voleibol de Cuba) represents Cuba in international volleyball competitions and friendly matches, governed by Federación Cubana De Voleibol. Cuba in the 1976 Summer Olympics won their first bronze medal. In FIVB competitions, the national team won one gold each at World Cup, World Grand Champions Cup, World League and Challenger Cup. Cuba also attained two silver and two bronze World Championship medals and have won the NORCECA Championship 15 times with a 6-peat record.
Chardafon
Chardafon (Bulgarian: Чардафон), born Prodan Tishkov (Продан Тишков; 1860 in Gabrovo – 22 November 1906), was a Bulgarian revolutionary.  Chardafon took part in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78 as a volunteer. After the liberation, he became sergeant-major of East Rumelia's militia in Golyamo Konare, now known as Saedinenie.

Until 1884, his nickname was Charda, which stands for "flock of cattle". Since a mockery in his militia work, general Von Drigalsky added "fon" (a German preposition denoting aristocratic origin) so his famous nickname appeared — Chardafon.
He took part in the preparation and proclamation of the Unification of Bulgaria. He was a member of the Bulgarian Secret Central Revolutionary Committee in Golyamo Konare and led a detachment, which entered Plovdiv on 6 November 1885 and took part in the city governor's arrest.

After the Unification of Bulgaria, he became a major at the cavalry. Zahari Stoyanov wrote a humorous outline for him, entitled Chardafon the Great.

Liberation of Bulgaria
The Liberation of Bulgaria is the historical process as a result of the Bulgarian Revival. In Bulgarian historiography, the liberation of Bulgaria refers to those events of the Tenth Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) that led to the re-establishment of the Bulgarian state under the Treaty of San Stefano of 3 March 1878. Today Bulgaria observes its National Liberation Day on 3 March.
Quinlan Mountains
The Quinlan Mountains is a mountain range in the U.S. state of Arizona. Its highest point is Kitt Peak at 6,883 feet (2,098 m), which is also the second-highest peak on the Tohono O'odham Indian Reservation, after Baboquivari Peak. The range lies on the eastern end of the reservation about 55 miles (89 km) southwest of Tucson.

The Quinlan Mountains are north of the Baboquivari Mountains, the two ranges separated by the pass at the head of the Pavo Kug Wash. The Quinlan range also sits southwest of the Coyote Mountains, separated from them by the Pan Tak Pass. When George J. Roskruge created the official map of Pima County in 1893, he named the range after James Quinlin, who had opened a stagecoach station in the nearby town of Quinlin in 1884. Although the range had also been known as the Quinlin or Quinuin mountains at different points in history, Quinlan became the official name as a result of a decision by the Board on Geographic Names on April 16, 1941.

United States Board on Geographic Names
The United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN) is a federal body operating under the United States secretary of the interior. The purpose of the board is to establish and maintain uniform usage of geographic names throughout the federal government of the United States.
Conflict Management and Peace Science
Conflict Management and Peace Science is a peer-reviewed academic journal appearing five times a year that publishes scholarly articles and book reviews in the field of international relations (specifically peace and conflict studies) on topics such as international conflict, arms races, international trade, foreign policy, international mediation, and conflict resolution. The journal is published under the auspices of the Peace Science Society. The journal includes original and review articles.

Arms race
An arms race occurs when two or more groups compete in military superiority. It consists of a competition between two or more states to have superior armed forces, concerning production of weapons, the growth of a military, and the aim of superior military technology. Unlike a sporting race, which constitutes a specific event with winning interpretable as the outcome of a singular project, arms races constitute spiralling systems of on-going and potentially open-ended behavior.

The existing scholarly literature is divided as to whether arms races correlate with war. International-relations scholars explain arms races in terms of the security dilemma, engineering spiral models, states with revisionist aims, and deterrence models.
Fête Galante (Smyth)
Fête Galante is an opera in one act composed by Ethel Smyth to an English-language libretto by Smyth and Edward Shanks based on Maurice Baring's 1909 short story of the same name. It is a tale of late night fête galante involving aristocrats and a commedia dell'arte troupe where jealousy, desire, and multiple masquerades end in the death of one of the characters. Described by the composer as a "Dance-dream", the opera premiered on 4 June 1923 at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre.

Birmingham Repertory Theatre
Birmingham Repertory Theatre, commonly called Birmingham Rep or just The Rep, is a producing theatre based on Centenary Square in Birmingham, England. Founded by Barry Jackson, it is the longest-established of Britain's building-based theatre companies and one of its most consistently innovative.

Today The Rep produces a wide range of drama in its three auditoria (825 seats, 300 seats, and 140 seats), much of which goes on to tour nationally and internationally. The company retains its commitment to new writing and in the five years to 2013 commissioned and produced 130 new plays.

The company's former home, now known as "The Old Rep", is still in use as a theatre.
Juan XXIII station
Juan XXIII is a metrocable station on line J of the Medellín Metro. The station is located in the Juan XXIII neighborhood of the San Javier commune. This station covers communes 13 (San Javier) and 7 (Robledo).

Medellín Metro
The Medellín Metro (Spanish: Metro de Medellín) is a rapid transit system that crosses the Metropolitan Area of Medellín from North to South and from Centre to West. It first opened for service on 30 November 1995. As one of the first implementations of modern mass transportation in Colombia and the only metro system in the country, the Medellín Metro is a product of the urban planning of the Antioquia department of Colombia. It is part of the Aburrá Valley Integrated Transport System (Sistema Integrado de Transporte del Valle de Aburrá, SITVA).

The city of Medellín and its urban complex (ten cities in the Aburrá Valley) had a period of relatively recent industrial development that started in the 1930s. The streetcar (tranvía) at the beginning of the 20th century can be considered a predecessor of the current Medellín Metro. The company known in Spanish as Empresa de Transporte Masivo del Valle de Aburrá - Metro de Medellín Ltda was created on 31 May 1979.
Ishar: Legend of the Fortress
Ishar: Legend of the Fortress is a 1992 role-playing video game developed and published by Silmarils for the Amiga, Atari ST, Macintosh, MS-DOS, and Atari Falcon home computers. It is the first entry in the Ishar trilogy.

Atari Falcon
The Atari Falcon030 (usually shortened to Atari Falcon), released in 1992, is the final personal computer from Atari Corporation. A high-end model of the Atari ST line, the machine is based on a Motorola 68030 CPU and a Motorola 56001 digital signal processor, which distinguishes it from most other microcomputers of the era. It includes a new VIDEL programmable graphics system which greatly improves graphics capabilities.

Shortly after release, Atari bundled the MultiTOS operating system in addition to TOS. TOS remained in ROM, and MultiTOS was supplied on floppy disk and could be installed to boot from hard disk.

The Falcon was discontinued in late 1993–a year after its introduction–as Atari restructured itself to focus completely on the release and support of the Jaguar video game console. The Falcon sold in relatively small numbers, mainly to hobbyists.
Arthur Ireland
Arthur Ernest Ireland MBE (2 September 1896 – 24 July 1989) was an Australian politician.

He was born in East Doncaster to orchardist Elijah Ireland and Keziah Bowers. He attended the local state school and served during World War I as a lieutenant in the Australian Field Artillery. On his return he became an orchardist, and 21 February 1920 married Mabel Blanche Peter-Budge. He served on Doncaster & Templestowe City Council from 1922 to 1926 and from 1932 to 1962, serving four terms as president. In 1947 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly as the Liberal member for Mernda. He served until his defeat in 1952. Ireland was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire in 1968. He died in 1989.

Doncaster, Victoria
Doncaster (/ˈdɒŋkɑːstər/ DONK-ah-stər) is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 15 km (9.3 mi) east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Manningham local government area. Doncaster recorded a population of 25,020 at the 2021 census.

The suburb is situated on 8.9 km2 (3.4 sq mi) of land, around the top of the 120 m (390 ft) high Doncaster Hill. The suburb consists of a central area along the top of Doncaster Hill, which includes several historical buildings along Doncaster Road, the Westfield Doncaster Shopping Centre and surrounding high-rise apartments, while the rest of the suburb is typical of many of Melbourne's eastern suburbs, with extensive low-density housing.
Elena Mestergazi
Elena Georgievna Mestergazi (Russian: Елена Георгиевна Местергази; born in 1967, Kaluga) is a Russian literary scholar who specializes in literary theory and 19th, 20th and 21st century Russian literature. She has also worked extensively on the life and oeuvre Vladimir Pecherin. As a doctor of philology (2008), she has authored monographs and journal articles and is an editor and member of editorial boards for several collections of domestic scientists' articles.

19th century in literature
Literature of the 19th century refers to world literature produced during the 19th century. The range of years is, for the purpose of this article, literature written from (roughly) 1799 to 1900. Many of the developments in literature in this period parallel changes in the visual arts and other aspects of 19th-century culture.
Brookmans Park transmitting station
The Brookmans Park transmitting station is a facility for medium wave (MW) broadcasting at Brookmans Park, Hertfordshire, north of London (grid reference TL259050). The station was built in the 1920s by the BBC as the first of a network of regional dual ("twin wave" was the term then used) transmitter stations, replacing the city-based ones used previously, and this was to cover the Home Counties, London and South East. The station is now owned by Arqiva and transmits BBC Radio 5 Live, talkSPORT, Absolute Radio and Lyca Radio. Other medium wave broadcasts for London come from the Saffron Green transmitting station, built by the Independent Broadcasting Authority and also in Hertfordshire.

Independent Broadcasting Authority
The Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) was the regulatory body in the United Kingdom for commercial television (ITV and Channel 4 and limited satellite television regulation – cable television was the responsibility of the Cable Authority) – and commercial and independent radio broadcasts. The IBA came into being when the Sound Broadcasting Act 1972 gave the Independent Television Authority responsibility for organising the new Independent Local Radio (ILR) stations. The Independent Television Commission formally replaced the IBA on 1 January 1991 in regulatory terms; however, the authority itself was not officially dissolved until 2003.

The IBA appointed and regulated a number of regional programme TV contractors and local radio contractors, and built and operated the network of transmitters distributing these programmes through its Engineering Division. It established and part-funded a National Broadcasting School to train on-air and engineering staff.