hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1910 South African general election
General elections were held in South Africa on 15 September 1910 to elect the 121 members of the House of Assembly. They were the first general election after the Union of South Africa was created on 31 May 1910.

The elections were held alongside the first election to the provincial councils of Cape Province and Transvaal. Those councils used the same electoral districts as those for the House of Assembly seats in the province. The first election for the provincial councils of Natal and Orange Free State, which did not use the same constituency boundaries as the House of Assembly, took place at a later date.

Although the Unionist Party received the most votes, the alliance of parties led by General Louis Botha won a slim majority. The Unionist Party became the official opposition. Botha's alliance would later unite as the South African Party.

Natal Provincial Council
The Natal Provincial Council was the provincial council of Natal Province in South Africa. It was created by the South Africa Act 1909, with effect from the formation of the Union of South Africa on 31 May 1910.

The Provincial Council continued to exist until 1986, at which point its functions were transferred to a strengthened executive authority appointed by the State President. The province itself was disbanded in 1994, when the provinces were reconstructed.
Agostino Bertani
Agostino Bertani (19 October 1812 – 30 April 1886) was an Italian revolutionary and physician during Italian unification. He played a significant role in the development of Italy's public healthcare system during the 19th century. He is best known for organising medical services for Garibaldi's army and for co-founding the radical party Estrema sinistra storica. He was a close collaborator of Mazzini and Garibaldi. His contribution to the unification of Italy resulted in participation in most of the important military campaigns of the era.

Revolutionary
A revolutionary is a person who either participates in, or advocates for, a revolution. The term revolutionary can also be used as an adjective to describe something producing a major and sudden impact on society.
Rawtenstall Cricket Club
Rawtenstall Cricket Club is a cricket club in the Lancashire League, which plays its home games at the Worswick Memorial Ground in Rawtenstall. For the 2016 season its captain is Keith Roscoe the club was unable to get a professional as Brett Pelser, opted to leave to become professional at Horwich. The club recruited overseas amateur Nick Malio from Australia for the second half of the season. After a period of using substitute pro's including former pro Pelsner. The club has won the league on seven occasions and won the cup three times.

It has employed professionals including Colin Miller, Matthew Mott, Sydney Barnes, Michael Bevan and Andrew Hall. The chairman of Rawtenstall Cricket Club is Brian Payne.

In 2014 Rawtenstall Cricket Club have reached the final of the Worsley Cup. Their last appearance in the final was in 2003, overcoming East Lancashire Cricket Club in the process.

Matthew Mott
Matthew Peter Mott (born 3 October 1973) is an Australian cricket coach and a former first-class cricketer. He is the former coach of the Australian Women's Cricket Team. Mott also previously coached the England men's white-ball cricket team, and steered the side to victory in the 2022 T20 World Cup.
Siervas de Nuestra Señora de la Paz
The Siervas de la Nuestra Senora de la Paz, known as the SNSP Sisters is a religious congregation of sisters of Diocesan Right founded in Cebu by a layman named Exequiel Barangan in 1935. Its foundation began in Anislagan, Guadalupe, Carcar, Cebu Inspired by the Holy Spirit, Brother Exequiel started to invite women to form a community of lay women to serve the Church and its people.

Holy Spirit
The Holy Spirit, otherwise known as the Holy Ghost, is a concept within the Abrahamic religions. In Judaism, the Holy Spirit is understood as the divine quality or force of God manifesting in the world, particularly in acts of prophecy, creation and guidance. In Nicene Christianity, this conception expanded in meaning to represent the third person of the Trinity, co-equal and co-eternal with God the Father and God the Son. In Islam, the Holy Spirit acts as an agent of divine action or communication. In the Baha’i Faith, the Holy Spirit is seen as the intermediary between God and man and "the outpouring grace of God and the effulgent rays that emanate from His Manifestation".
Under the Boardwalk (2023 film)
Under the Boardwalk is a 2023 American animated musical comedy film directed by David Soren, who co-wrote the screenplay with Lorene Scafaria. The film features the voices of Keke Palmer, Michael Cera, Bobby Cannavale, Russell Brand, John Magaro, Jon Rudnitsky, and Steven Van Zandt. The story follows two hermit crabs from conflicting families who, after a storm casts them far from home, journey back to their community.

The film had a limited theatrical release on October 27, 2023, followed by a video-on-demand release on November 7.

Jon Rudnitsky
Jon Rudnitsky (born November 22, 1989) is an American comedian and actor. First breaking through as a performer with the Los Angeles comedy troupe The Groundlings, Rudnitsky garnered widespread attention for his brief stint as a cast member on the NBC sketch comedy series Saturday Night Live during the show's 41st season between 2015 and 2016. Since his departure from SNL, he has also played McWatt in the 2019 miniseries Catch-22.
Aprus of Sens
Saint Aprus (Aper, Apre, Epvre, Evre, Avre) was a 7th-century French priest and hermit.  He is the namesake of Saint-Avre.  A native of Sens, he was a hermit near La Chambre and Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne.  He founded a refuge for pilgrims and the poor in the village named after him.

His feast day is December 5.

Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʒɑ̃ də mɔʁjɛn] ⓘ; Arpitan: Sent-Jian-de-Môrièna or Sant-Jian-de-Môrièna; Italian: San Giovanni di Moriana) is a subprefecture of the Savoie department, in the region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (formerly Rhône-Alpes), in southeastern France.

It lies in the Maurienne, the valley of the river Arc. It was also an Episcopal See of Savoy during the Ancien Régime and again from 1825 to 1966. Its original name was simply Maurienne, or Moriana in Italian and Latin.
Cora Sternberg
Cora N. Sternberg is an American medical oncologist and academic physician specializing in genitourinary cancers. She is Professor of Medicine in the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology at Weill Cornell Medicine and serves as Clinical Director of the Englander Institute for Precision Medicine at NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital. She has been included in Stanford–Elsevier’s list of the top 2% of most-cited scientists worldwide and is a recognized expert on Doximity.

NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital
The NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital (abbreviated as NYP) is a nonprofit academic medical center in New York City. It is the primary teaching hospital for Weill Cornell Medicine and Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. The hospital includes nine campuses located throughout the New York metropolitan area. The hospital's two flagship medical centers, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and Weill Cornell Medical Center, are located on opposite sides of Upper Manhattan.

As of 2022, the hospital is ranked the seventh-best hospital in the United States and second-best in the New York City metropolitan area by U.S. News & World Report. The hospital has more than 6,500 affiliated physicians, 20,000 employees and operates 4,000+ beds in total. It is one of the largest hospitals in the world. NYPH annually treats about 310,000 patients in its emergency department and delivers about 15,000 babies.
FIM-92 Stinger
The FIM-92 Stinger is an American man-portable air-defense system (MANPADS) that operates as an infrared homing surface-to-air missile (SAM). It can be adapted to fire from a wide variety of ground vehicles, and from helicopters and drones as the Air-to-Air Stinger (ATAS). It entered service in 1981 and is used by the militaries of the United States and 29 other countries. It is principally manufactured by Raytheon Missiles & Defense and is produced under license by Airbus Defence and Space in Germany and by Roketsan in Turkey.

Airbus Defence and Space
Airbus Defence and Space is the defence and space systems subsidiary of Airbus. Formed in 2014 during the restructuring of the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company, the predecessor of Airbus. The subsidiary consists of the company's the former Airbus Military, Astrium, and Cassidian divisions. Contributing 21% of Airbus revenues in 2016, it is the second largest space company in the world.

Plans have been announced to merge the Space Systems and Space Digital divisions of Airbus Defence and Space, Telespazio, and Thales Alenia Space into a new joint venture owned by Airbus (35%), Leonardo (32.5%), and Thales (32.5%). The combined entity would have had an estimated annual turnover of €6.5 billion. If approved by regulators, the new company is expected to be operational in 2027.
Montsoult
Montsoult (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃su] ⓘ) is a commune in the Val-d'Oise department in Île-de-France in northern France. Montsoult–Maffliers station has rail connections to Persan, Luzarches, Sarcelles and Paris.

Val-d'Oise
Val-d'Oise (French: [val dwaz] ⓘ; lit. 'Vale of Oise') is a department in the Île-de-France region, Northern France. It was created in 1968 following the split of the Seine-et-Oise department. In 2019, Val-d'Oise had a population of 1,249,674.

It is named after the river Oise, a major tributary of the Seine, which crosses the region after having started in Belgium and flowed through Northeastern France. Val-d'Oise is Île-de-France's northernmost department. Charles de Gaulle Airport, France's main international airport, is partially located in Roissy-en-France, a commune of Val-d'Oise.

Its INSEE and postcode number is 95.
Beyond Singularity
Beyond Singularity   is a science fiction anthology edited by American writers Jack Dann and Gardner Dozois. It was published in 2005, and includes stories on the theme of "beyond singularity" that were originally published from 1960 to 2004, though mostly from the last few years of that range.  It is the 33rd book in their anthology series for Ace Books.

The book itself, as well as each of the stories, has a short preface by the editors. The preface to the book discusses Vernor Vinge's role in popularizing the concept of the technological singularity, and credits Charles Stross with "[what] may be the most complete vision yet of life beyond the Singularity". Authors they credit with writing convincingly about the singularity who are not included in this book, are Brian Stableford, Stephen Baxter, Bruce Sterling, Greg Bear, Iain Banks, Nancy Kress, Alastair Reynolds, Peter F. Hamilton, Ian McDonald, and Vernor Vinge.

Ian McDonald (British author)
Ian McDonald (born 1960) is a British science fiction novelist, living in Belfast. His themes include nanotechnology, postcyberpunk settings, and the impact of rapid social and technological change on non-Western societies.
Premier League Snooker
The Premier League Snooker was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament. It was held from 1987 until 2012. The tournament was played in a round-robin format over a number of weeks, normally from mid-September to early December, around the other World Snooker events in various locations.

Glossary of cue sports terms
The following is a glossary of traditional English-language terms used in the three overarching cue sports disciplines: carom billiards referring to the various carom games played on a billiard table without pockets; pool, which denotes a host of games played on a table with six pockets; and snooker, played on a large pocket table, and which has a sport culture unto itself distinct from pool. There are also games such as English billiards that include aspects of multiple disciplines.
Kiviniemi cabinet
The cabinet of Mari Kiviniemi was Finland's 71st government. It was appointed by President Tarja Halonen on 22 June 2010. The cabinet's Prime Minister was Mari Kiviniemi.

The Kiviniemi Cabinet was a centrist coalition government composed of the Centre Party, the National Coalition, the Green League, and the Swedish People's Party. There were 12 women and 8 men in the cabinet, which made it the second cabinet in Finnish history with female majority. The Kiviniemi cabinet also had more ministers than any of its predecessors; it had 20 ministers, while the former cabinet had 18.

It was succeeded by the cabinet of Jyrki Katainen on 22 June 2011.

Prime Minister of Finland
The prime minister of Finland (Finnish: Suomen pääministeri, literally "head minister"; Swedish: Finlands statsminister, literally "state minister") is the leader of the  Finnish Government. The prime minister and their cabinet exercise executive authority in the state. The prime minister is formally ranked third in the protocol after the president of Finland and the speaker of the Parliament but is in practice the most powerful office-holder. Finland's first prime minister, Pehr Evind Svinhufvud (also later the 3rd president of Finland), was appointed on 27 November 1917, just a few days before the country declared its independence.

The incumbent prime minister is Petteri Orpo of the National Coalition Party. Orpo was sworn in on 20 June 2023.
2022 Caldas da Rainha Ladies Open – Doubles
Momoko Kobori and Hiroko Kuwata were the defending champions but Kobori chose not to participate. Kuwata partnered alongside Kateryna Volodko, but lost in the semifinals to Adriana Reami and Anna Rogers.

Reami and Rogers went on to win the title, defeating Elysia Bolton and Jamie Loeb in the final, 6–4, 7–5.

Adriana Reami
Adriana Reami (born November 13, 1997) is an American tennis player.

Reami has a career-high singles ranking by the WTA of 359, achieved November 2022. She also has a career-high WTA doubles ranking of 225, reached on 22 May 2023.

Reami won her first $60k title at the 2022 Caldas da Rainha Ladies Open in the doubles draw, partnering Anna Rogers.

Reami played college tennis at the NC State.
Compound of five icosahedra
The compound of five icosahedra is uniform polyhedron compound. It's composed of 5 icosahedra, rotated around a common axis. It has icosahedral symmetry Ih.

The triangles in this compound decompose into two orbits under action of the symmetry group: 40 of the triangles lie in coplanar pairs in icosahedral planes, while the other 60 lie in unique planes.

The compound of five icosahedra shares the same vertex arrangement of a nonuniform rhombicosidodecahedron.

Icosahedral symmetry
In mathematics, and especially in geometry, an object has icosahedral symmetry if it has the same symmetries as a regular icosahedron. Examples of other polyhedra with icosahedral symmetry include the regular dodecahedron (the dual of the icosahedron) and the rhombic triacontahedron.

Every polyhedron with icosahedral symmetry has 60 rotational (or orientation-preserving) symmetries and 60 orientation-reversing symmetries (that combine a rotation and a reflection), for a total symmetry order of 120.  The full symmetry group is the Coxeter group of type H3.  It may be represented by Coxeter notation [5,3] and Coxeter diagram . The set of rotational symmetries forms a subgroup that is isomorphic to the alternating group A5 on 5 letters.
Clackson
Clackson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Chris Clackson (born 1987), American ice hockey player

James Clackson (born 1966), British linguist

Colin Clackson (born 1958),

Canadian federal judge

Kim Clackson (born 1955), Canadian ice hockey player

Terry Clackson (born 1953),

Canadian federal judge

Matt Clackson (born 1985), Canadian-born American ice hockey player

Sarah Clackson (1965–2003), British Coptologist

William Clackson (c.1799–?), Scottish shoemaker and revolutionary

Matt Clackson
Matthew Clackson (born April 26, 1985) is a Canadian-born American former professional ice hockey right winger who played six seasons in the American Hockey League (AHL) for five different teams. His father, Kim Clackson, played in the National Hockey League (NHL) and World Hockey Association (WHA) for the Pittsburgh Penguins, Indianapolis Racers, and Quebec Nordiques.
Old North State Council
The Old North State Council (ONSC) is a local council of the Boy Scouts of America that serves the eastern and southern portions of the Piedmont Triad region of North Carolina. The council is headquartered at the Royce Reynolds Family Scout Office in Greensboro, North Carolina and operates four camps; one of which is outside the council boundaries. The ONSC represents Boy Scouting in Davie, Davidson, Randolph, Guilford, Alamance, Rockingham, Caswell, and Person counties of North Carolina. The council's name is derived from the state's official song, The Old North State.

Alamance County, North Carolina
Alamance County (/ˈæləmæns/ ⓘ) is a county in North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 171,415. Its county seat is Graham. Formed in 1849 from Orange County to the east, Alamance County has been the site of significant historical events, textile manufacturing, and agriculture.

Alamance County comprises the Burlington, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Greensboro–Winston-Salem–High Point, NC Combined Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 1,736,099 in 2023.
Pronase
Pronase is a commercially available mixture of proteases isolated from the extracellular fluid of Streptomyces griseus. Activity extends to both denatured and native proteins leading to complete or nearly complete digestion into individual amino acids.

One site that it cleaves at is the inactivation gate of Na+ voltage gated ion channels in neurons.

Pronase is under investigation as a way to improve image quality in gastroscopy by thinning the mucus in advance.

Protease
A protease (also called a peptidase, proteinase, or proteolytic enzyme) is an enzyme that catalyzes proteolysis, breaking down proteins into smaller polypeptides or single amino acids, and spurring the formation of new protein products. They do this by cleaving the peptide bonds within proteins by hydrolysis, a reaction where water breaks bonds. Proteases are involved in numerous biological pathways, including digestion of ingested proteins, protein catabolism (breakdown of old proteins), and cell signaling.

In the absence of functional accelerants, proteolysis would be very slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteases can be found in all forms of life and viruses. They have independently evolved multiple times, and different classes of protease can perform the same reaction by completely different catalytic mechanisms.
Hameldown Tor
Hameldown Tor is a granite tor on Dartmoor in the English county of Devon. It is at grid reference SX7031380571.
It is situated above the Bronze Age settlement of Grimspound and lies on the northern edge of a ridge extending towards Widecombe. This ridge forms part of the central route of the Two Moors Way. Hameldown Tor has fantastic far reaching views and is one of the tallest tors in this part of Dartmoor. It has a trig point on the highest point of the ridge at 1736ft (529m).

The tor is also the site of a memorial to four crew members of an RAF bomber who were killed in a crash in 1941. The pilot's mother had the memorial erected the year after the crash.

Tor (rock formation)
A tor, which is also known by geomorphologists as either a castle koppie or kopje, is a large, free-standing rock outcrop that rises abruptly from the surrounding smooth and gentle slopes of a rounded hill summit or ridge crest. In the South West of England, the term is commonly also used for the hills themselves – particularly the high points of Dartmoor in Devon and Bodmin Moor in Cornwall.
21 cm SK L/45
The 21 cm Schnelladekanone Länge 45, abbreviated as 21 cm SK L/45 was a German naval gun developed in the years before World War I that armed the armored cruiser SMS Blücher of the Imperial German Navy.  During World War I spare guns were converted to railway guns and later employed as coastal artillery during World War II.

Naval artillery
Naval artillery is artillery mounted on a warship, originally used only for naval warfare and then subsequently used for more specialized roles in surface warfare such as naval gunfire support (NGFS) and anti-aircraft warfare (AAW) engagements. The term generally refers to powder-launched projectile-firing weapons and excludes self-propelled projectiles such  as torpedoes, rockets, and missiles and those simply dropped overboard such  as depth charges and naval mines.
Staple knocker
A staple knocker is a tool resembling a screwdriver, used for removing staples and shredded material. It is called a knocker because a hammer can be used to hit the end of it and remove long lines of shorter staples.

Staple (fastener)
A staple is a type of two-pronged fastener, usually metal, used for joining, gathering, or binding materials together. Large staples might be used with a hammer or staple gun for masonry, roofing, corrugated boxes and other heavy-duty uses. Smaller staples are used with a stapler to attach pieces of paper together; such staples are a more permanent and durable fastener for paper documents than the paper clip.
Albert Eutropius
Albert Victor "Eutrope" Eutropius (10 January 1888 – 26 May 1915) was a rugby union player, the second black man to play for France. He was killed in World War I.

Born in Cayenne, French Guiana, on 10 January 1888, Eutropius moved to Paris in 1910. There, he played for Sporting Club Universitaire de France in the finals of the French championships in 1911 and 1913. He was picked for France in the match against Ireland on 24 March 1913. He died from a bullet striking his head.

University of France
The University of France (French: Université de France; originally the Imperial University of France) was a highly centralized educational state organization founded by Napoleon I in 1806 and given authority over both the individual (previously independent) universities and also primary and secondary education. The former individual universities were henceforth to be known as "academies" (such as the Académie de Paris), but each still retained a rector and local board of its own.  The University of France was disbanded in 1896.
Saint Vincent's Catholic Medical Centers
40°44′11″N 73°59′59″W﻿ / ﻿40.736416°N 73.999588°W﻿ / 40.736416; -73.999588

Saint Vincent's Catholic Medical Centers (also known as Saint Vincent's or SVCMC) was a healthcare system in New York City, anchored by its flagship hospital, St. Vincent's Hospital Manhattan.

St. Vincent's was founded in 1849 and was a major teaching hospital in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. It closed on April 30, 2010. Demolition began at the end of 2012 and was completed in early 2013. Other hospital buildings were converted into luxury condos and a new luxury building, Greenwich Lane, has replaced the St. Vincent's building.

Nuclear medicine
Nuclear medicine (nuclear radiology) is a medical specialty involving the application of radioactive substances in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. Nuclear imaging is, in a sense, radiology done inside out, because it records radiation emitted from within the body rather than radiation that is transmitted through the body from external sources like X-ray generators. In addition, nuclear medicine scans differ from radiology, as the emphasis is not on imaging anatomy, but on the function. For this reason, it is called a physiological imaging modality. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans are the two most common imaging modalities in nuclear medicine.