hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
40th Group Army
The 40th Group Army was a military formation of the People's Liberation Army, active in various forms from 1949 to 2017. It was last located in the Shenyang Military Region and the Northern Theater Command.

Northern Theater Command
The Northern Theater Command (Chinese: 北部战区; pinyin: Běibù Zhànqū) is one of the five theater commands of the People's Liberation Army, founded on 1 February 2016. Its predecessor is the Shenyang Military Region, Jinan Military Region and Beijing Military Region. Its headquarters is in the Heping District of Shenyang, Liaoning Province. The Northern Theater Command shares borders with North Korea, Russia and Mongolia.
Andreas Haavoll
Andreas Haavoll (25 September 1869 – 6 March 1958) was a Norwegian schoolteacher, banker, publisher, newspaper editor and magazine editor.

Haavoll was born in Ørsta. He was a teacher by education, and worked as schoolteacher and banker for about twenty years. He was assigned with various newspapers, and founded the newspaper Nordmør in 1903. He was a co-founder of Det Norske Teatret in 1912, and edited the newspaper Den 17de Mai from 1913 to 1917. He published the children's magazine Norsk Barneblad from 1912, and edited the magazine from 1916 to 1954. Haavoll was honorary member of the organizations Norsk Bladmannalag, Det Norske Samlaget and Noregs Mållag. He was awarded the Melsom Prize in 1939.
Haavoll also scripted the comic strip Smørbukk by Jens R. Nilssen.

Noregs Mållag
Noregs Mållag (literally "Language Organisation of Norway") is the main organisation for Norwegian Nynorsk (New Norwegian), one of the two official written standards of the Norwegian language. In the Norwegian language conflict, it advocates the use of Nynorsk. In 2025 it had 16,426 individual members. It consists of approximately 200 local groups, including the youth organisation, Norsk Målungdom.
Richard Noyes Viets
Richard Noyes Viets (born November 10, 1930) represented the United States as Ambassador to Tanzania in 1979, Jordan in 1981, and nominated to be Ambassador to Portugal in 1987 but the Senate did not act upon his nomination.

While his nomination was being considered by the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Senator Jesse Helms and Claiborne Pell locked horns. Helms had several issues with Viets including “grievances filed against Mr. Viets by three junior diplomats and allegations that he may not have paid taxes owed in the United States.”

Viets entered the Foreign Service in 1955 and retired in 1987.

Claiborne Pell
Claiborne de Borda Pell GCC GCM (November 22, 1918 – January 1, 2009) was an American politician and writer who served as a U.S. senator from Rhode Island for six terms from 1961 to 1997. He was the sponsor of the 1972 bill that reformed the Basic Educational Opportunity Grant, which provides financial aid funding to American college students; the grant was given Pell's name in 1980 in honor of his work in education legislation.

A member of the Democratic Party, Pell remains the longest serving U.S. senator from Rhode Island.
Mapenduzi Ojara
Ojara Martin Mapenduzi is a Ugandan journalist, politician and member of the Parliament representing Gulu West (Bardege-Layibi Division). He previously served as the Chairman of the Gulu District Local Government.

Gulu District
Gulu is a district in the Northern Region of Uganda. The regional headquarters are located in the city of Gulu, which is also the administrative capital of Northern Uganda. the district consists of two main divisions, Gulu West and Gulu East.
Sino Monthly New Jersey
Sino Monthly New Jersey (Chinese: 漢新月刊) is a Chinese American monthly magazine published in New Jersey, United States. Founded by Ivy Lee in 1991, its editorial office is in Edison, New Jersey. The magazine is editorially independent and, because it focuses primarily on issues local to the Overseas Chinese of Central Jersey, it has become a newspaper of record for the community. The magazine is published in Traditional Chinese. In 2011, on the occasion of its 20th anniversary, Sino Monthly was presented with an Outstanding Community Media Award from the New Jersey chapter of the Organization of Chinese Americans.

OCA-Asian Pacific American Advocates
OCA-Asian Pacific American Advocates (previously known as the Organization of Chinese Americans) is a non-profit organization founded in 1973, whose stated mission is to advance the social, political, and economic well-being of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) in the United States.
Rosanne Fitzgibbon
Rosanne (Rosie) Fitzgibbon (1947–2012) was a literary editor in Australia. She worked for forty years in the publishing of fiction and non-fiction, including as fiction editor at the University of Queensland Press from 1989 to 2005. She worked in collaboration with many of Australia's best-known authors including Thea Astley, Peter Carey, Kate Grenville, and Janette Turner Hospital. Her papers are held in the Fryer Library at the University of Queensland.

In 2017 Editors Queensland and the Institute of Professional Editors established the Rosanne Fitzgibbon Award (also known as "the Rosie") in her honour to recognise the editor of a specific book.

Kate Grenville
Catherine Elizabeth Grenville AO (born 1950) is an Australian author. She has published fifteen books, including fiction, non-fiction, biography, and books about the writing process. In 2001, she won the Orange Prize for The Idea of Perfection, and in 2006 she won the Commonwealth Writers' Prize for The Secret River. The Secret River was also shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize.

Her novels have been published worldwide and have been translated into many languages. Three have been adapted into feature films. The Secret River was adapted for the stage by Andrew Bovell and toured by the Sydney Theatre Company in 2019.
Eschscholzia lobbii
Eschscholzia lobbii is a species of poppy known by the common name frying pans. It is endemic to California, where it grows in the Central Valley and adjacent Sierra Nevada foothills. The frying pans is a small annual herb growing from a patch of segmented leaves with pointed leaflets. It produces erect stalks up to 15 centimeters in height each bearing a single poppy flower. The petals are about a centimeter long and bright yellow to somewhat orange. The fruit is a capsule 3 to 7 centimeters long containing tiny brown seeds.

They are common near vernal pools.

The plant is named after William Lobb (1809–1864), the English plant collector.

Poppy
A poppy is a flowering plant in the subfamily Papaveroideae of the family Papaveraceae. Poppies are herbaceous plants, often grown for their colourful flowers. One species of poppy, Papaver somniferum, is the source of the narcotic drug mixture opium, which contains powerful medicinal alkaloids such as morphine and has been used since ancient times as an analgesic and narcotic medicinal and recreational drug. It also produces edible seeds. Following the trench warfare in the poppy fields of Flanders, Belgium, during World War I, poppies, specifically the red poppy, have become a symbol of remembrance of soldiers who have died during wartime, especially in the UK, Canada, Australia, Africa and other Commonwealth realms.
Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas
Washington-on-the-Brazos, also known simply as Washington, is an unincorporated community along the Brazos River in Washington County, Texas, United States. The town is best known for being the site of the Convention of 1836 and the signing of the Texas Declaration of Independence.

The town is named for Washington, Georgia, itself named for George Washington. It is officially known as just "Washington," but after the Civil War came to be known as "Washington-on-the-Brazos" to distinguish the settlement from "Washington-on-the-Potomac," Washington, D.C.

Brenham, Texas
Brenham (/ˈbrɛnəm/ BREH-nəm) is a city in east-central Texas, United States, and the county seat of Washington County, with a population of 17,369 according to the 2020 U.S. census.

Brenham is also known for its annual German heritage festival that takes place each May called Maifest, similar to Volksfest. Numerous German immigrants settled here in the mid-19th century, following the revolutions in German states in 1848.
Siege of Lleida (1644)
Siege of Lleida took place between May – 30 July 1644 during the Reapers' War when a Spanish force under Felipe da Silva besieged and attacked the Franco-Catalan garrison of Lleida—after intense fighting the city finally surrendered on 30 July. Located between Aragon and Catalonia, once captured, the city's citadel served to support the Spanish troops' offensive eastwards towards Barcelona.

Philippe de La Mothe-Houdancourt, who failed to lift the Spanish siege was replaced by Henri de Lorraine, count of Harcourt. The Spanish took Balaguer in September and Agramunt in October. After the conquest of Roses, the frontline stabilized for a few years, until the Spanish Siege of Barcelona (1651).

Once the terms of surrender had been signed, King Philip IV, who had been on the scene since the early days of the siege, having the reviewed the troops stationed there on May 2, marched through the city on August 8.

Henri, Count of Harcourt
Henri de Lorraine (20 March 1601 – 25 July 1666, Royaumont Abbey), known as Cadet la Perle, was a French nobleman. He was count of Harcourt, count of Armagnac, count of Brionne and viscount of Marsan. Henri served in the royal army against the Huguenot revolt. He fought and defeated a Spanish army at Chieri, relieved the fortress of Casale, and took the city of Turin. He rescued the royal family during the first Fronde and failed in an attempt to create an independent principality for himself during the second Fronde. He died 25 July 1666.
Alberto Lleras Camargo
Alberto Lleras Camargo (3 July 1906 – 4 January 1990) was President of Colombia twice (1945–1946, 1958–1962), and the 1st Secretary General of the Organization of American States (1948–1954). A journalist and liberal party politician, he also served as Minister of Government, Minister of Foreign Affairs, and as Minister of National Education in the administrations of President Alfonso López Pumarejo. He briefly attended the National University of Colombia in Bogotá to study politics, but dropped out later to pursue journalism.

Lleras Camargo served as congressman of Colombia. He was also a cousin of later president Carlos Lleras Restrepo. He died in 1990 after suffering a long illness.

Ministry of National Education (Colombia)
The Ministry of National Education (Spanish: Ministerio de Educación Nacional) is the national executive ministry of the Government of Colombia responsible for overseeing the instruction and education of the Colombian people, similar to education ministries in other countries.
Pasig River Expressway
The Pasig River Expressway (PAREX) is a proposed elevated expressway in Metro Manila, Philippines skirting the banks of the Pasig River and connecting the cities of Manila, Mandaluyong, Makati, Pasig, Taguig and the municipality of Taytay. The expressway is proposed to alleviate east-west traffic congestion in Metro Manila. It is envisioned as a joint venture between the Philippine National Construction Corporation and the San Miguel Corporation. The project broke ground on September 24, 2021, while construction of the expressway was yet to start, pending the approval of its Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC). The project was deemed cancelled in 2024 due to public uproar against the project. However, Ramon Ang announced renewed interest in the project, albeit citing the need to adjust it toward public sentiment.

Ramon Ang
Ramon See Ang (born January 14, 1954), also known by his initials RSA, is a Filipino businessman. He is the president and chief executive officer (CEO) of Top Frontier Investment Holdings, Inc., the largest shareholder of San Miguel Corporation (SMC). He is also the chairman and CEO of SMC,  chairman of Cyber Bay Corporation and Eagle Cement Corporation and a member of the board of directors of Metro Pacific Investments.
Norman Wooland
Norman Wooland (16 March 1910 – 3 April 1989) was an English character actor who appeared in many major films, including several Shakespearean adaptations.

Wooland was born in Düsseldorf, Germany, to British parents. During the Second World War, he was a junior radio announcer, reporting the news for the BBC. His acting break came when he played Horatio in Laurence Olivier's Hamlet (1948), and in which his "fine work" was noted by The New York Times. Then came Catesby in Olivier's film of Richard III, and Paris in Romeo and Juliet (1954). He also had supporting roles in Quo Vadis (1951), Ivanhoe (1952), Background (1953), The Guns of Navarone (1961), Life for Ruth (1962) and International Velvet (1978).

Cyril Norman Wooland married Evelyn T.P.M. Charpentier in 1932 and they had two daughters. He married Kathleen M. Smith in 1947.

Wooland kept a herd of cows, each of which was named after a Shakespearean character. He died in 1989, at the age of 79.

Romeo and Juliet (1954 film)
Romeo and Juliet (Italian: Giulietta e Romeo) is a 1954 tragedy film adaptation of the Shakespearean tragedy of the same name. It is directed and written for the screen by Renato Castellani, and stars Laurence Harvey as Romeo and newcomer Susan Shentall as Juliet, with Flora Robson, Mervyn Johns, Bill Travers, Sebastian Cabot, Enzo Fiermonte and John Gielgud. A British and Italian co-production, it was released in the United Kingdom by General Film Distributors on September 1, 1954.

The film won the Golden Lion at 15th Venice International Film Festival, and was nominated for three BAFTA Awards, including Best Film and Outstanding British Film. The American National Board of Review named it Best Foreign Film and Castellani the Best Director of 1954. Despite the critical acclaim, the film was a commercial disappointment.
Matilda Ernkrans
Matilda Elisabeth Ernkrans (born 12 March 1973) is a Swedish politician of the Social Democratic Party. She served as Minister for International Development Cooperation from 2021 to 2022 and previously served as Minister for Higher Education and Research January 2019 to November 2021. She has been a member of the Riksdag since 2006 and a replacement member of the Riksdag from 2002 to 2006.

Ministry of Education and Research (Sweden)
The Ministry of Education and Research (Swedish: Utbildningsdepartementet) is a government ministry in Sweden responsible for matters relating to schools, universities, colleges, and research.

Before 1968, the ministry was called the Ministry of Education and Ecclesiastical Affairs.

The ministry offices are located at Drottninggatan 16 in central Stockholm.
Travers Jones
Travers Jones (2 March 1832 – 9 June 1908) was an Irish-born Australian politician.

He was born in County Westmeath, the son of Gustavus Jones of Belville. He arrived in Port Phillip in 1852 and was a miner and mine manager. He married Emily Crowe on 17 November 1875, with whom he had six children. In 1878 he lost the use of his hands following a mine accident at Rutherglen. He owned mines at Muttama and Adelong. In 1885 Jones was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the member for Tumut. A Protectionist, he was re-elected in 1887 and 1889 but defeated in 1891, before returning to the Assembly in 1894. He was defeated again in 1898. Jones died at Camperdown in 1908.

County Westmeath
County Westmeath (/wɛstˈmiːð/; Irish: Contae na hIarmhí or simply An Iarmhí) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and is part of the Eastern and Midland Region. It formed part of the historic Kingdom of Meath, which was named Mide because the kingdom was located in the geographical centre of Ireland (the word Mide meaning 'middle'). Westmeath County Council is the administrative body for the county, and the county town is Mullingar. At the 2022 census, the population of the county was 95,840.
Biorheology (journal)
Biorheology is a scientific journal in the field of biorheology, the study of the deformation and flow properties (rheology) of biological fluids, published by IOS Press. It is published quarterly since 2018. It was established in 1962 by founding editors A.L. Copley and G.W. Scott Blair.

It is currently edited by Herbert H. Lipowsky (Penn State University) and Brian M. Cooke (Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine).

Alfred L. Copley
Alfred Lewin Copley (1910 – 1992) was a German-American medical scientist and an artist at the New York School in the 1950s. As an artist he worked under the name L. Alcopley. He is best known as an artist for his abstract expressionist paintings, and as a scientist for his work in the field of hemorheology. He was married to the Icelandic artist Nína Tryggvadóttir.
San Juan Bautista lo de Soto
San Juan Bautista lo de Soto  is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 63.8 km2. 
It is located in the Jamiltepec District in the west of the Costa Region.

As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 2,140.

Costa Region
The Costa Region or Costa Chica lies on the Pacific coast of the state of Oaxaca, Mexico, south of the more mountainous Sierra Sur inland from the coast. It includes the districts of Jamiltepec, Juquila and Pochutla.
Loomis Family Farm
Loomis Family Farm, also known as the Loomis-Sharpe Farm, is a historic home and farm located at Oxford, Chenango County, New York. The farmhouse was built in 1832 and is a two-story, five-bay sandstone residence with a center entrance.  Also on the property are the contributing dairy barn and silo (c. 1879), a carriage barn (c. 1870s), a corn crib / granary (c. 1871), a small barn (c. 1870s), a smokehouse, a spring-fed water trough, a well with a stone lid, a milk cooler, a stone horse barn foundation, and the ruins of a sugar house.: 3

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.

Chenango County, New York
Chenango County is a county located in the south-central section of the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 47,220. Its county seat is Norwich. The county's name originates from an Oneida word meaning 'large bull-thistle'. The county is part of the Southern Tier region of the state.
Pic Verdaguer
Pic Verdaguer or Pic de Verdaguer is a mountain of the Montcalm Massif. Located in the Pyrenees, at the border between France and Spain, it has an altitude of 3,129 metres (10,266 ft) above sea level.

This mountain is included in the Alt Pirineu Natural Park together with Pica d'Estats and Punta Gabarró.

Alt Pirineu Natural Park
Alt Pirineu Natural Park (Catalan: Parc Natural de l'Alt Pirineu) is the largest natural park in Catalonia, Spain. The park was established in 2003 by the Generalitat de Catalunya and covers an area of 69,850 hectares (172,600 acres), including the highest peaks of the Pyrenees in Catalonia. It stretches over the comarques of Pallars Sobirà and Alt Urgell.
Michael R. Taylor
Michael R. Taylor is an American lawyer who has played leadership roles in the US Food and Drug Administration, agrochemical company Monsanto, and law firm King & Spalding. He currently co-chairs the board of STOP Foodborne Illness, a non-profit that
supports victims of serious illness and their families in efforts to strengthen food safety
culture and practices in government and industry.

Agrochemical
An agrochemical or agrichemical, a contraction of agricultural chemical, is a chemical product used in conventional or industrial agriculture. Agrochemical typically refers to pesticides and synthetic fertilizers. The term agrochemical is sometimes used informally synonymously with pesticides, sometimes also informally to mean pesticides and fertilizers, and sometimes more correctly to include all chemicals used in agriculture. Other chemicals used in agriculture are plant hormones and plant growth regulators (PGRs), insect attractants, insect repellents, plant defense inducers, herbicide safeners, adjuvents and co-formulants, soil conditioners and soil amendments, liming and acidifying agents. For livestock feed additives, animal growth regulators, anthelmintics and other antiparasitics are used.
2014 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship Division B
The 2014 FIBA U16 European Championship Division B was the 11th edition of the Division B of the European basketball championship for men's national under-16 teams. It was played from 20 to 30 August 2014 in Strumica, Republic of Macedonia. Montenegro men's national under-16 basketball team won the tournament.

FIBA U16 EuroBasket
The FIBA U16 EuroBasket, formerly the FIBA U16 European Championship, and originally the FIBA European Championship for Cadets is an annual men's youth basketball competition contested by the under-16 national teams from FIBA Europe.

The inaugural tournament was in 1971, and was held biennially until 2003. Since 2004, the competition has been played every year. The tournament serves as qualification for the FIBA Under-17 World Cup in odd numbered years. The current champions are Serbia.
Mallie's Sports Grill & Bar
Mallie's Sports Grill & Bar was a restaurant, sports grill, and bar located in Southgate, Michigan. It was established in 2005. It is best known for setting the world record for the biggest hamburger commercially available.

Bar (establishment)
A bar, also known as a saloon, a tavern or tippling house, or sometimes as a pub or club, is a retail business that serves alcoholic beverages, such as beer, wine, liquor, cocktails, and other beverages such as mineral water and soft drinks. Bars often also sell snack foods, such as chips (crisps) or peanuts, for consumption on their premises. Some types of bars, such as pubs, may also serve food from a restaurant menu. The term "bar" refers both to the countertop where drinks are prepared and served and also by extension to the entirety of the establishment in which the bar is located.

The term derives from the metal or wooden bar (barrier) that is often located along the length of the "bar". Over many years, heights of bars were lowered, and high stools added, and the brass bar remains today.
Ramon de la Sota
Sir Ramon de la Sota y Llano KBE (January 20, 1857 in Castro Urdiales – August 17, 1936 in Getxo) was a Basque lawyer, industrialist and prominent Basque nationalist activist. He was also the father of both Ramon de la Sota Aburto, as well as Manuel de la Sota "Txanka". King George V bestowed on him a knighthood of the Order of the British Empire, which entitled him and liked to be addressed as Sir.

At the turn of the 20th century, he became a major sponsor of the Basque Nationalist Party.

Getxo
Getxo (Basque: [getʃo]) (Spanish: Guecho) is a town located in the province of Biscay, in the autonomous community of the Basque Country, in Spain.
It is part of Greater Bilbao, and has 75,430 inhabitants (2023). Getxo is mostly an affluent residential area, as well as being the third largest municipality of Biscay.
The Space Within US
The Space Within US is a live DVD by Paul McCartney, released in November 2006. It is composed of footage taken during his fall 2005 'US' Tour in the United States in conjunction with his Chaos and Creation in the Backyard album release, though some of his Beatles songs and songs from his previous albums are also performed. A Blu-ray version was released on 18 November 2008. It reached number 3 in the US video charts.

Chaos and Creation in the Backyard
Chaos and Creation in the Backyard is the thirteenth solo studio album by Paul McCartney, released on 12 and 13 September 2005. Some 18 months in the making, the album was produced by Radiohead and Beck collaborator Nigel Godrich at George Martin's suggestion.

McCartney plays almost all of the instruments, similar to his 1970 album McCartney, the 1980 McCartney II album and the 2020 McCartney III album. In addition, Chaos and Creation in the Backyard marks the first time since 1984's Give My Regards to Broad Street that McCartney was not credited as producer or co-producer of one of his studio albums.

Chaos and Creation in the Backyard was McCartney's last rock album release for longtime label EMI. He signed a deal with Hear Music, owned by Starbucks, in March 2007. He later returned to his old label Capitol Records in 2016.