hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mangua
Mangua is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Physoglenidae that first described by Raymond Robert Forster in 1990. Originally placed with the Synotaxidae, it was moved to the Stiphidiidae in 2017.

Physoglenidae
Physoglenidae is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Alexander Petrunkevitch in 1928 as a subfamily of Pholcidae. It was later moved to Synotaxidae until a study in 2016 showed that they formed a distinct clade.
1953 Southern Conference baseball tournament
The 1953 Southern Conference baseball tournament was held in Raleigh, North Carolina, from May 14 through 16. This was the league's final championship tournament to be held until 1984, as seven schools, including three participants in the tournament, departed the conference to form the Atlantic Coast Conference after the season. Modern Southern Conference baseball records begin with the 1954 baseball season. The South Division's second seed Duke won the tournament for the third time.

1953 Duke Blue Devils baseball team
The 1953 Duke Blue Devils baseball team represented Duke University in the 1953 NCAA baseball season. The Blue Devils played their home games at Jack Coombs Field. The team was coached by Ace Parker in his 1st year at Duke.

The Blue Devils won the District III playoff to advanced to the College World Series, where they were defeated by the Boston College Eagles.
Cosmetidae
Cosmetidae is a family of harvestmen in the suborder Laniatores. With over 700 species, it is one of the largest families in Opiliones. They are endemic of the New World with a Nearctic-Neotropical distribution where a large fraction of the diversity of Opiliones are represented by this single family. 
Cosmetidae have the northern extent of their range into the USA, where a small number species occur in the southern states. However, the family is especially diverse in Mexico, Central America and northern South America; especially the Andean realms. Their range also extends further south into Argentina and southern Brazil, but they are absent in Chile. Cosmetidae are prevalent in Amazonian region, but only relatively few also occur in Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Several species are also found in the Caribbean.

Laniatores
Laniatores is the largest suborder of the arachnid order Opiliones with over 4,200 described species worldwide. The majority of the species are highly dependent on humid environments and usually correlated with tropical and temperate forest habitats.

Laniatores are typically (relatively) short-legged, hard-plated, spiny Opiliones, common under logs and stones, in leaf litter and in caves. They often have spiny pedipalps and paired or branched claws on the third and fourth pairs of legs.
The largest family is Gonyleptidae Sundevall, 1833, endemic of the Neotropics, with over 800 valid species and showing many cases of maternal and paternal care.
Saadian Tombs
The Saadian Tombs are a historic royal necropolis in Marrakesh, Morocco, located on the south side of the Kasbah Mosque, inside the royal kasbah (citadel) district of the city. They date to the time of the Saadian dynasty and in particular to the reign of Ahmad al-Mansur (1578–1603), though members of Morocco's monarchy continued to be buried here for a time afterwards. The complex is regarded by many art historians as the high point of Moroccan architecture in the Saadian period due to its luxurious decoration and careful interior design. Today the site is a major tourist attraction in Marrakesh.

Loggia
In architecture, a loggia (/ˈloʊdʒ(i)ə/ LOH-j(ee-)ə, usually UK: /ˈlɒdʒ(i)ə/ LOJ-(ee-)ə, Italian: [ˈlɔddʒa]) is a covered exterior gallery or corridor, often on an upper level, sometimes on the ground level of a building. The corridor is open to the elements because its outer wall is only partial, with the upper part usually supported by a series of columns or arches.  An overhanging loggia may be supported by a baldresca.

From the early Middle Ages, nearly every Italian comune had an open arched loggia in its main square, which served as a "symbol of communal justice and government and as a stage for civic ceremony".

In Italian architecture, a loggia is also a small garden structure or house built on the roof of a residence, open on one or more sides, to enjoy cooling winds and the view. They were especially popular in the 17th century and are prominent in Rome and Bologna, Italy.
Japanese Federation of Synthetic Chemistry Workers' Unions
The Japanese Federation of Synthetic Chemistry Workers' Unions (Japanese: 合成化学産業労働組合連合, Gokaroren) was a trade union representing workers in the chemical industry in Japan.

The union was founded in 1950, with the merger of two unions representing ammonium sulfate and phosphate workers.  The same year, it was a founding affiliate of the General Council of Trade Unions of Japan (Sohyo).  From 1953 until 1957, it was chaired by Ōta Kaoru.  By 1967, it had 121,324 members.

The union was affiliated with the Japanese Trade Union Confederation from the late 1980s, and by 1996, it had 91,242 members.  The All Japan Chemistry Workers' Union split away in 1987, but merged with Goka Roren in 1998 to form the Japanese Federation of Chemistry Workers' Unions.

Sōhyō
The General Council of Trade Unions of Japan (日本労働組合総評議会, Nihon Rōdōkumiai Sōhyōgikai), often abbreviated to Sōhyō (総評), was a left-leaning union confederation. Founded in 1950, it was the largest labor federation in Japan for several decades.
Sophist (dialogue)
The Sophist (Greek: Σοφιστής; Latin: Sophista) is a Platonic dialogue from the philosopher's late period, most likely written in 360 BC. In it the interlocutors, led by Eleatic Stranger employ the method of division in order to classify and define the sophist and describe his essential attributes and differentia vis a vis the philosopher and statesman. 
Like its sequel, the Statesman, the dialogue is unusual in that Socrates is present but plays only a minor role. Instead, the Eleatic Stranger takes the lead in the discussion. Because Socrates is silent, it is difficult to attribute the views put forward by the Eleatic Stranger to Plato, beyond the difficulty inherent in taking any character to be an author's "mouthpiece".

Cratylus (dialogue)
Cratylus (/ˈkrætɪləs/ KRAT-il-əs; Ancient Greek: Κρατύλος, Kratylos) is the name of a dialogue by Plato. Most modern scholars agree that it was written mostly during Plato's so-called middle period. In the dialogue, Socrates is asked by two men, Cratylus and Hermogenes, whether names are "conventional" or "natural", that is, whether language is a system of arbitrary signs or whether words have an intrinsic relation to the things they signify.

Cratylus was Plato's first known intellectual influence. Aristotle states that Cratylus influenced Plato by introducing him to the teachings of Heraclitus.
A1 Macedonia
A1 Macedonia DOOEL Skopje is a telecommunications company in North Macedonia owned by A1 Telekom Austria Group. A1 offers broadband internet, cable and terrestrial television, mobile telephony and landline.

Pink (Serbia)
Pink is a private-owned national brand of radio stations and TV channels in Serbia. It is the flagship brand of the Belgrade-based Pink Media Group, which is owned by Miroslav Perišić and Željko Mitrović.
G. Mennen Williams
Gerhard Mennen "Soapy" Williams (February 23, 1911 – February 2, 1988) was an American politician who served as the 41st governor of Michigan, elected in 1948 and serving six two-year terms in office. He later served as Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs under presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson and as chief justice of the Michigan Supreme Court.

Williams advocated for civil rights, racial equality, and justice for the poor. As assistant secretary of state, his remark that "what we want for the Africans is what they want for themselves", reported in the press as "Africa for the Africans", sparked controversy at the time.

A staunch liberal, Williams was described by the Chicago Tribune as a political reformer who "helped forge the alliance between Democrats, blacks and union voters in the late 1940s that began a strong liberal tradition in Michigan."

Michigan Legislature
The Michigan Legislature is the legislature of the U.S. state of Michigan. It is organized as a bicameral body composed of the Senate (the upper chamber) and the House of Representatives (the lower chamber). Article IV of the Michigan Constitution, adopted in 1963, defines the role of the Legislature and how it is to be constituted. The chief purposes of the Legislature are to enact new laws and amend or repeal existing laws. The Legislature meets in the Capitol building in Lansing.

The 103rd Michigan Legislature was sworn in on January 11, 2025.
Hysterical realism
Hysterical realism is a literary genre typified by a strong contrast between elaborately absurd prose, plotting, or characterization, on the one hand, and careful, detailed investigations of real, specific social phenomena on the other. The term was coined in 2000 by English critic James Wood. It is also known as recherché postmodernism.

Dave Eggers
Dave Eggers (born March 12, 1970) is an American writer, editor, and publisher. His 2000 memoir, A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius, became a bestseller and was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction. Eggers is also the founder of several literary and philanthropic ventures, including the literary journal Timothy McSweeney's Quarterly Concern, the literacy project 826 Valencia, and the human rights non-profit organisation Voice of Witness. Additionally, he founded ScholarMatch, a program that connects donors with students needing funds for college tuition. His writing has appeared in publications including The New Yorker, Esquire, and The New York Times Magazine.
Patrick Fogarty
Patrick J. Fogarty (died 2 May 1947) was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician who served for ten years as a member of Dáil Éireann.

An insurance broker and bookmaker, Fogarty first stood for election to the Dáil at the 1937 general election for the Dublin County constituency, and was returned to the 9th Dáil. He was re-elected at the 1938, 1943 and 1944 general elections.

After his death, the Dublin County by-election for his Dáil seat was held on 29 October 1947, and won by the Clann na Poblachta candidate Seán MacBride.

9th Dáil
The 9th Dáil was elected at the 1937 general election on 1 July 1937 and met on 21 July 1937. The members of Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas (legislature) of the Irish Free State, are known as TDs. Seanad Éireann, a second chamber in the Irish Free State, had been abolished in May 1936.

On 29 December 1937, the Constitution of Ireland came into effect, with the state being renamed as Ireland. The Oireachtas established under this constitution was bicameral, and an indirect election to the new Seanad Éireann took place in April 1938, forming the 2nd Seanad.

The 9th Dáil was dissolved on 27 May 1938. The 9th Dáil lasted 310 days. There were no by-elections during the 9th Dáil.
Winberri
Winberri (c.1820 – 11 October 1840) was an Indigenous Australian resistance leader who, in 1840, led an armed group of Taungurung men in a campaign against British colonists in what is now called central Victoria. Also known as Winberry, Tinbury, or Windberry, he was shot dead in October 1840 by the New South Wales Mounted Police while they were arresting him during the Lettsom raid.

Cattle station
In Australia and New Zealand, a cattle station is a large farm (station is equivalent to the American ranch), the main activity of which is the rearing of cattle. The owner of a cattle station is called a grazier. The largest cattle station in the world is Anna Creek Station in South Australia, which covers an area of 23,677 square kilometres (9,142 sq mi; 5,851,000 acres).
IL (network protocol)
The Internet Link protocol or IL is a connection-based transport-layer protocol designed at Bell Labs originally as part of the Plan 9 operating system and is used to carry 9P. It is assigned the Internet Protocol number of 40. It is similar to TCP but much simpler.

Its main features are:

Reliable datagram service

In-sequence delivery

Internetworking using IP

Low complexity, high performance

Adaptive timeouts

As of the Fourth Edition of Plan 9, 2003, IL is deprecated in favor of TCP/IP because it doesn't handle long-distance connections well.

Plan 9 from Bell Labs
Plan 9 from Bell Labs is an operating system designed by the Computing Science Research Center (CSRC) at Bell Labs in the mid-1980s, built on the UNIX concepts first developed there in the late 1960s. Since 2000, Plan 9 has been free and open-source. The final official release was in early 2015.

Under Plan 9, UNIX's everything is a file metaphor is extended via a pervasive network-centric (distributed) filesystem, and the cursor-addressed, terminal-based I/O at the heart of UNIX is replaced by a windowing system and graphical user interface without cursor addressing (although rc, the Plan 9 shell, is text-based). Plan 9 also introduced capability-based security and a log-structured file system called Fossil that provides snapshotting and versioned file histories.

The name Plan 9 from Bell Labs is a reference to the Ed Wood 1957 cult science fiction Z-movie Plan 9 from Outer Space. The system continues to be used and developed by operating system researchers and hobbyists.
Sarmatosuchus
Sarmatosuchus is an extinct genus of archosauriform reptile found in sediments of  Middle Triassic age and known from the single species Sarmatosuchus otschevi. It is one of the earliest stem-archosaur species known. The holotype and only specimen was found in lithified river deposits of the Donguz Formation exposed near the Berdyanka River, Orenburg region, Russia. The genus was originally included in the extinct family Proterosuchidae. However, later analysis by David Gower and Andrei Sennikov, the describing author, has removed it from the Proterosuchidae and designated it a basal archosauriform.

Donguz Formation
The Donguz Formation, Donguz Svita, or Donguz Rocks (Russian: Донгузские скалы) is a Middle Triassic geological formation that crops out on the right bank of Donguz River in Orenburg Oblast, Russia, across the settlement of Pervomaisky. The formation is equivalent to a biostratigraphic unit, the Donguz Gorizont. It is famous for its rich collection of the fossils of Middle Triassic tetrapods.

It is a nature monument (особо охраняемых природных территорий (ООПТ)).
Griffin Roberts
Griffin Daniel Roberts (born June 13, 1996) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. Roberts was drafted by the St. Louis Cardinals in the 1st round of the 2018 Major League Baseball draft. Despite this, he never played in the major leagues after spending parts of four seasons in the Cardinals system.

Florida Complex League Cardinals
The Florida Complex League Cardinals or FCL Cardinals are a rookie league affiliate of the St. Louis Cardinals, competing in the Florida Complex League of Minor League Baseball. Prior to 2021, the team was known as the Gulf Coast League Cardinals. The team plays its home games in Jupiter, Florida, at Roger Dean Stadium, which is also the spring training home of the St. Louis Cardinals and the Miami Marlins. The team is mainly composed of players who are in their first year of professional baseball either as draftees or non-drafted free agents.
2012 Africa Cup of Nations Group C
Group C of the 2012 Africa Cup of Nations ran from 23 January until 31 January. It consisted of Gabon, Morocco, Niger and Tunisia. The matches were held in Gabon. Gabon and Tunisia progressed to the quarterfinals.

2012 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage
The knockout stage of the 2012 Africa Cup of Nations was the second and final stage of the competition, following the group stage. It began on 4 February with the quarter-finals and ended on 12 February 2012 with the final held at the Stade d'Angondjé in Libreville. A total of 8 teams (the top two teams from each group) advanced to the knockout stage to compete in a single-elimination style tournament.

All match times are local, WAT (UTC+1).
Belno, Gmina Bieliny
Belno [ˈbɛlnɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bieliny, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-east of Bieliny and 25 km (16 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

Bieliny, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Bieliny [bjɛˈlinɨ] is a village in Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Bieliny. It lies approximately 21 km (13 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.
Bieliny is near the highest peaks of the Świętokrzyskie Mountains - Łysica, Agata and Łysa Góra.
Balta Sound
Balta Sound is a sound (inlet) on the east coast of the island of Unst in the Shetland Islands, Scotland. The sound is sheltered from the North Sea to the east by the uninhabited island of Balta. The sound is subject to daily tides.

The settlement at the west of the sound is Baltasound taking its name from the sound. On the land to the south of the Sound is Unst Airport.

Unst Airport
Unst Airport also called Baltasound Airport is an unlicensed airfield near Baltasound, on the island of Unst, Shetland Islands, Scotland. The airfield has effectively been mothballed since 1996 and is now only used by the emergency services. Unst Airport is the most northerly airfield in the United Kingdom.
Sahar Dbouk
Sahar Dbouk (Arabic: سحر دبوق; born 5 October 1985) is a Lebanese football coach and former player who is the head coach of the Saudi Arabia women's national under-15 team.

A centre-back, Dbouk represented Lebanon internationally as a player. She is the chairman of Super Girls.

2007 WAFF Women's Championship
The 2007 WAFF Women's Championship was held in Amman, Jordan.  It was the second West Asian Football Federation Women's Championship held.  Four teams competed and Jordan, the hosts and defending champions, won the tournament.
Michael Davidson (cricketer, born 1970)
Michael Joseph Davidson (born 18 October 1970) is a former English cricketer.  Davidson was a right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper.  He was born in Penrith, Cumberland.

Davidson made his debut for Shropshire in the 1989 Minor Counties Championship against Wales Minor Counties.  Davidson played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 1989 to 1995, which included 28 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 3 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. He made his List A debut against Middlesex in the 1992 NatWest Trophy.  In this match, he scored 42 runs before being dismissed by John Emburey. He made a further List A appearance against Somerset in the 1993 NatWest Trophy. He was dismissed for a duck by Keith Parsons in this match. During the same period he played club cricket for Newport in that county.

Davidson was also a professional footballer who has played for Hereford United and Telford United.

John Emburey
John Ernest Emburey (born 20 August 1952) is a former English first-class cricketer who played for Middlesex, Northamptonshire, Western Province, Berkshire and England. He was a part of the English squad which finished as runners-up at the 1987 Cricket World Cup.

According to cricket writer Colin Bateman, Emburey's participation in two South African rebel tours "cost him six lost years as far as Test cricket was concerned ... and, more significantly, probably an extended run as England captain, a job for which he was better suited than some who held the position post-Mike Brearley".
Awutu Senya District
Awutu Senya District is a former district that was located in Central Region, Ghana. Originally it was part of the larger Awutu/Effutu/Senya District, which split in two on 29 February 2008. A few years later, on 28 June 2012, the Awutu Senya District itself split into two new districts: Awutu Senya West District (capital: Awutu Breku) and Awutu Senya East District (which was later elevated to municipal district assembly status on 15 March 2018; capital: Kasoa). The district assembly was located in the southeast part of Central Region and had Awutu Breku as its capital town.

Central Region (Ghana)
The Central Region is one of the sixteen administrative regions of Ghana. Ashanti and Eastern regions border it to the north, Western region to the west, Greater Accra region to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea to the south. The Central Region is renowned for its many elite high schools and an economy based on an abundance of industrial minerals and tourism. The Central region has tourist attractions including castles, forts and beaches along the region's coastline.
2014 Challenger La Manche
The 2014 Challenger La Manche was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 21st edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Cherbourg, France between February 24 and March 2, 2014.

Challenger La Manche
The Challenger Cherbourg La Manche is a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It has been held annually at the Complexe Sportif Chantereyne in Cherbourg, France, since 1994 and it is the oldest Challenger in the world in terms of consecutive editions.
AppDynamics
AppDynamics is a full-stack application performance management (APM) and IT operations analytics (ITOA) company based in San Francisco. The company focuses on managing the performance and availability of applications across cloud computing environments, IT infrastructure, network architecture, digital user experience design, application security threat detection, observability, and   data centers. In March 2017, AppDynamics was acquired by Cisco for $3.7 billion.
The software intelligence platform is used in enterprise and public sector SaaS applications such as the financial service sector, healthcare, telecom, manufacturing, and government for full-stack observability and IT infrastructure monitoring.

Application performance management
In the fields of information technology and systems management, application performance management (APM) is the monitoring and management of the performance and availability of software applications. APM strives to detect and diagnose complex application performance problems to maintain an expected level of service. APM is "the translation of IT metrics into business meaning ([i.e.] value)."

The term monitoring was replaced by many tool vendors by the term Observability. Often, monitoring is seen as the technical process of data collection, whereas observability is seen as the capability to understand a systems behavior.
History of the Iroquois
The history of the Iroquois goes back to the formation of the league around 1450. Since then the Iroquois and their history have played an important role in the histories of the United States and Canada.

Jesuit missions in North America
Jesuit missions in North America were attempted in the late 16th century, established early in the 17th century, faltered at the beginning of the 18th, disappeared during the suppression of the Society of Jesus around 1763, and returned around 1830 after the restoration of the Society. The missions were established as part of the colonial drive of France and Spain during the period, the "saving of souls" being an accompaniment of the constitution of Nouvelle-France and early colonial Mexico. The efforts of the Jesuits in North America were paralleled by their China missions on the other side of the world, and in South America.  They left written documentation of their efforts, in the form of The Jesuit Relations.