hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Caucasian Kurds
Caucasian Kurds are ethnic Kurds who come from or live in the region of the Caucasus. The first Kurdish presence in the Caucasus region can be traced back to the middle of the 10th Century. Some groups of Caucasian Kurds were deported to Central Asia in 1937, 1938, and 1944 by the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin, with most of their descendants now residing in Kazakhstan. The total number of Caucasian Kurds inside and outside the Caucasus region is unknown.

Khoy Khanate
The Khoy Khanate (Persian: خانات خوی, romanized: Khānāt-e Khoy), also known as the Principality of Donboli (Persian: شاهزاده‌نشین دنبلی, romanized: Shāhzādeneshīn-e Donbolī), was a hereditary Kurdish khanate around Khoy and Salmas in Iran ruled by the Donboli tribe from 1210 until 1799. The khanate has been described as the most powerful khanate in the region during the second half of the 18th century. The official religion of this principality was originally Yezidism, until some rulers eventually converted to Islam. The principality has its origins under the Ayyubid dynasty and was ultimately dissolved in 1799 by Abbas Mirza. During this period, the status of principality oscillated between autonomous and independent.
Christchurch Botanic Gardens
The Christchurch Botanic Gardens, located in the central city of Christchurch, New Zealand, were founded in 1863 when an English oak was planted to commemorate the solemnisation of the marriage of Prince Albert and Princess Alexandra of Denmark.
The gardens sprawl over an area of 21 hectares and lie adjacent to the loop of the Avon River next to Hagley Park. The Christchurch Botanic Gardens have a variety of collections of exotic and local plants of New Zealand, several conservatories, a nursery, playground and Climatological Station.

Weather station
A weather station is a facility, either on land or sea, with instruments and equipment for measuring atmospheric conditions to provide information for weather forecasts and to study the weather and climate. The measurements taken include temperature, atmospheric pressure, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, and precipitation amounts. Wind measurements are taken with as few other obstructions as possible, while temperature and humidity measurements are kept free from direct solar radiation, or insolation. Manual observations are taken at least once daily, while automated measurements are taken at least once an hour. Weather conditions out at sea are taken by ships and buoys, which measure slightly different meteorological quantities such as sea surface temperature (SST), wave height, and wave period. Drifting weather buoys outnumber their moored versions by a significant amount.
Orange Grove, Bath
Orange Grove is a park in Bath, Somerset, England. Situated on a roundabout, the park occupies the former churchyard of Bath Priory. Orange Grove became a public space on 1572 and was landscaped around 200 years later. Today, it is home to Alkmaar Garden, which was established after World War II to honour the link between the cities of Bath and Alkmaar in the Netherlands.

In the centre of the park is an obelisk commemorating the Prince of Orange's visit to Bath in 1734. It was erected by Beau Nash.

Orange Grove is also the name of the street bounding the park immediately to the north, on which stands the Old Police Station and the Empire Hotel.

Obelisk
An obelisk (/ˈɒbəlɪsk/; from Ancient Greek  ὀβελίσκος (obelískos), diminutive of ὀβελός (obelós) ' spit, nail, pointed pillar'), less often spelled obelisque, is a tall, slender, tapered monument with four sides and a pyramidal or pyramidion top. Originally constructed by Ancient Egyptians and called tekhenu, the Greeks used the Greek term obeliskos to describe them, and this word passed into Latin and ultimately English. Though William Thomas used the term correctly in his Historie of Italie of 1549, by the late sixteenth century (after reduced contact with Italy following the excommunication of Queen Elizabeth), Shakespeare failed to distinguish between pyramids and obelisks in his plays and sonnets. Ancient obelisks are monolithic and consist of a single stone; most modern obelisks are made of several stones.
Abingdon Monks' Map
The Abingdon Monks' Map (commonly known as The Monks' Map) is a 16th-century map of the River Thames around the town of Abingdon, Oxfordshire (formerly in Berkshire), England. It is held in the collection of the Abingdon County Hall Museum.
The map covers the stretch of river between Abingdon and Radley. It is 265.5 centimetres (104.5 in) long and 41.5 centimetres (16.3 in) wide, consisting of four pieces of vellum that are glued together.

Radley
Radley is a village and civil parish about 2 miles (3 km) northeast of the centre of Abingdon, Oxfordshire. The parish includes the hamlet of Lower Radley on the River Thames. It was part of Berkshire until the 1974 boundary changes transferred it to Oxfordshire. The village is home to Radley College, a famous boarding independent school for boys from the age of thirteen to eighteen that consists of 690 pupils.
Saradindu Mukherjee
Saradindu Mukherjee pronunciationⓘ (born 5 October 1964) is a former Indian cricketer. He played domestic cricket for Bengal and played three One Day Internationals for India in 1990–91.

He is remembered for his heroics in the 1990-91 Asia Cup, which he won with his national side, where he was India's preferred spinner in the tournament, ahead of Venkatapathy Raju and Ravi Shastri. Mukherjee conceded 3.37 runs an over in the tournament from 29 overs. Despite being the most miserly of the Indian bowlers, he never played for India again. Of all Indian bowlers who have bowled 75 balls since 1990, Mukherjee has been the most economical. He was part of the IPL Bangla commentary team in the 11th edition of the tournament.

Saradindu Mukherjee is also credited for having taken a hat-trick on his Ranji Trophy debut.

Hat-trick (cricket)
In cricket, a hat-trick occurs when a bowler takes three wickets from three consecutive deliveries. The deliveries may be interrupted by an over bowled by another bowler from the other end of the pitch or the other team's innings, but must be three consecutive deliveries by the individual bowler in the same match. Only wickets attributed to the bowler count towards a hat-trick; run outs do not count, although they can contribute towards a so-called team hat-trick, which is ostensibly a normal hat-trick except that the three successive deliveries can be wickets from any bowler in the team and with any mode of dismissal.

Hat-tricks are rare, and as such are treasured by bowlers.

The term is also sometimes used to mean winning the same competition three times in a row. For example, Australia winning the Cricket World Cup in 1999, 2003 and 2007, and Lancashire winning the County Championship in 1926, 1927 and 1928.
Sarika Paswan
Sarika Paswan is the state spokesperson of the Rashtriya Janata Dal political party in India. She is Bahujan leader and comes from the Paswan community. She has been vocal about the rights of women and Dalits in the political landscape of Bihar. She is also the RJD's appointed election incharge of the Kaimur district. She plays an active role in Bihar politics. She is also known for her controversy with the bhumihar Brahman leader Ashutosh Kumar. She has filed a case against him. Ashutosh Kumar allegedly said that she had made an adverse remark against Brahmeshwar Mukhiya.

Rashtriya Janata Dal
The Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD, lit. 'National People's Party') is an Indian political party, mainly based in the state of Bihar. The party was founded in 1997 by Lalu Prasad Yadav.

The party's support base has traditionally been Other Backward Classes, Dalits and Muslims and it is considered a political champion of the lower castes. In 2008, RJD received the status of recognized national level party following its performance in north-eastern states. RJD was derecognised as a national party on 30 July 2010. Leading the Mahagathbandhan alliance with 35 MLAs, it is currently the official opposition in Bihar. RJD is part of Ruling Government in Jharkhand and Kerala with its allies in Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand) and LDF respectively.
Malespín's War
Malespín's War (Spanish: Guerra de Malespín) was a Salvadoran and Honduran invasion of Nicaragua caused by the election of liberal democrat Manuel Pérez at the time of Central American turmoil dictated by Rafael Carrera's conservative dictatorship in Guatemala.

The war mostly took place in León, which was besieged by the invading forces on 27 November 1844, a siege which would last until 24 January 1845.

Democratic Party (Nicaragua)
The Democratic Party (Spanish: Partido Democrático, PD), renamed in 1893 as the Liberal Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal, PL), was a Nicaraguan political party in the 19th century. The power base of the liberal Democratic Party was in the city of León; while their conservative counterparts were centered in Granada. The Democrats were opposed to the Legitimists who expelled the Democrats from the constitutional assembly in 1853, driving them underground or into exile, and promulgated a constitution of 1854.

The Democrats rejected the constitution and the Legitimist government and fought against it with the help of filibuster William Walker.

When José Santos Zelaya came to power in July 1893, the Democratic Party was renamed the Liberal Party.

The liberal parties in Nicaragua have their roots in the historical Democratic Party.
SCH Live
SCH Live is the tenth official album by SCH, released in Zagreb in 2007. The album is a recording of a concert performed on 24 June 1990 in the Student Center Gallery in Zagreb. The line up was Petar Erak (bass), Rida Attarashani (drums), Sveto Ignjatović (synth, noises), and Teno (guitar, vocals).

"In this phase, SCH was strictly oriented towards a raw alternative post-punk sound with an emphasis on noise and industrial fragments and a heavy and slowly, evilly rolling rhythm," notes Vladimir Horvat on TerapijaNet.

Senad Hadžimusić
Senad Hadžimusić-Teno is a Bosnian musician most known as the founder, songwriter, producer, singer, and guitarist of the Sarajevo-based alternative rock band SCH. Teno has authored, produced, and recorded 12 official albums and published the bilingual (English/Bosnian) lyrics book "SCH - Songs and Tales.". His music has also been featured in several films, radio programs, and theatre productions.
Subhashgram railway station
Subhashgram railway station is a Kolkata Suburban Railway Station on the Main line. It is under the jurisdiction of the Sealdah railway division in the Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. It serves the local area of Subhashgram in South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

South 24 Parganas
South 24 Parganas (Pron: pɔrɡɔnɔs; abbr. 24 PGS (S)), or sometimes South Twenty Four Parganas and Dakshin 24 Parganas, is a district in the Indian state of West Bengal, headquartered in Alipore , with its Zilla Parishad  in Baruipur. It is the largest district of West Bengal by area and second largest by population. It is the sixth most populous district in India (out of 640). On one side of the district there is the urban fringe of Kolkata, and on the other the remote riverine villages in the Sundarbans.
Samuel Cheetham (priest)
Samuel Cheetham , DD, FSA (3 March 1827 – 9 July 1908) was an eminent Anglican priest and author in the last quarter of the nineteenth century and the first decade of the twentieth.

Cheetham was born in Hambleton, Rutland and educated at Oakham School and Christ's College, Cambridge. He was an Assistant Tutor of his old college from 1853 until 1858; and then professor of Pastoral Theology at King's College London until 1882, during which time he was also Chaplain of Dulwich College. In 1879 he became Archdeacon of Southwark; and in 1882 of Rochester, a post he held until his death.

Dulwich College
Dulwich College is a 2–18 private, day and boarding school for boys in Dulwich, London, England. As a public school, it began as the College of God's Gift, founded in 1619 by Elizabethan actor Edward Alleyn, with the original purpose of educating 12 poor scholars. It began to grow into a large school from 1857 and took its current form in 1870, when it moved into its current premises.

The school is included in The Schools Index as one of the 150 best private schools in the world and among the top 30 senior schools in the UK. It is a member of both the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference and the Eton Group.

Admission by examination is mainly into years 3, 7, 9, and 12 (i.e. ages 7, 11, 13, and 16 years old) to the Junior, Lower, Middle and Upper Schools into which the college is divided. In the 2025 A-levels, the school saw 67.7% of its candidates score A*/A.
Koldiniella
Koldiniella is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived from 501 to 490 million years ago during the Dresbachian faunal stage of the late Cambrian Period.

Stage (stratigraphy)
In chronostratigraphy, a stage is a succession of rock strata laid down in a single age on the geologic timescale, which usually represents millions of years of deposition.  A given stage of rock and the corresponding age of time will by convention have the same name, and the same boundaries.

Rock series are divided into stages, just as geological epochs are divided into ages. Stages are divided into smaller stratigraphic units called chronozones or substages, and added together into superstages.

The term faunal stage is sometimes used, referring to the fact that the same fauna (animals) are found throughout the layer (by definition).
Sveistrup
Sveistrup is a Danish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Hans Sveistrup (1815–1893), Danish priest

Poul Sveistrup (1848–1911), Danish social statistician

Søren Sveistrup (born 1968), Danish screenwriter

Jody Sveistrup (born 1969), Canadian curler

Jakob Sveistrup (born 1972), Danish singer

Poul Sveistrup
Poul Sveistrup (2 June 1848–18 April 1911) was a Danish politician and social statistician. From 1903 to 1909 he was Member of Parliament for Viborg, representing the Left Reform Party. He published detailed investigations into the economic and social conditions of Copenhagen seamstresses, partly in the "National Economic Journal".

He was the nephew of Hans Sveistrup.
Mongabay
Mongabay (mongabay.com) is an American conservation news web portal that reports on environmental science, energy, and green design, and features extensive information on tropical rainforests, including pictures and deforestation statistics for countries of the world.

It was founded in 1999 by economist Rhett Ayers Butler in order to increase "interest in and appreciation of wildlands and wildlife, while examining the impact of emerging local and global trends in technology, economics, and finance on conservation and development". In recent years, to complement its US-based team, Mongabay has opened bureaus in Indonesia, Latin America, and India, reporting daily in Indonesian, Spanish and English respectively. Mongabay's reporting is available in nine languages.

Sustainable design
Environmentally sustainable design (also called environmentally conscious design, eco-design, etc.) is the philosophy of designing physical objects, the built environment, and services to comply with the principles of ecological sustainability and also aimed at improving the health and comfort of occupants in a building.
Sustainable design seeks to reduce negative impacts on the environment, the health and well-being of building occupants, thereby improving building performance. The basic objectives of sustainability are to reduce the consumption of non-renewable resources, minimize waste, and create healthy, productive environments.
Victoria's Secret Fashion Show 2008
The Victoria's Secret Fashion Show is an annual fashion show sponsored by Victoria's Secret, a brand of lingerie and sleepwear. Victoria's Secret uses the show to promote and market its goods in high-profile settings. The show features some of the world's leading fashion models, such as current Victoria's Secret Angels Heidi Klum, Adriana Lima, Alessandra Ambrosio, Karolina Kurkova, Selita Ebanks, Marisa Miller, Miranda Kerr, and Doutzen Kroes. This year, Behati Prinsloo replaced Miranda Kerr as the Pink spokesmodel.

The 13th fashion show featured some of the new Angels and also the returning Angels. There were special performances by Usher and Jorge Moreno, and the show was hosted by Heidi Klum.

Alessandra Ambrosio
Alessandra Corine Ambrósio (Brazilian Portuguese: [aleˈsɐ̃dɾɐ ɐ̃ˈbɾɔzju]; born 11 April 1981) is a Brazilian model. She is known for her work with Victoria's Secret and was chosen as the first spokesmodel for the company's PINK line. She was a Victoria's Secret Angel from 2004 to 2017 and has modeled for fashion houses such as Christian Dior, Armani, Ralph Lauren, and Next.

Ambrosio was ranked number five on Forbes' list of the highest-paid models, estimated to have earned $6.6 million every year. She is often cited by the popular media as one of the world's sexiest women. As an "Angel", she was chosen as one of People's annual "100 Most Beautiful People in the World" in May 2007. Ambrosio is considered one of the icons in the fashion industry.
Oberhof (château)
The Château d'Oberhof is a castle situated in the commune of Saverne in the département of Bas-Rhin. It was mentioned in 1417 as the residence of the bishop of Strasbourg. Since 1852, it houses the sous-préfecture of the arrondissement of Saverne. It is a listed historical monument since 1934.

Saverne
Saverne (French: Saverne, pronounced [savɛʁn] ⓘ; Alsatian: Zàwere [ˈd̥sɐːvəʁə]; German: Zabern [ˈtsaːbɐn] ⓘ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. It is situated on the Rhine-Marne canal at the foot of a pass over the Vosges Mountains, and 45 km (27 mi) northwest of Strasbourg.

As of 2023, the population of the commune was 11,460. Saverne is the centre of an urban area with about 19,000 inhabitants.
CLCA2
Chloride channel accessory 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLCA2 gene.

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the calcium sensitive chloride conductance protein family. To date, all members of this gene family map to the same site on chromosome 1p31-p22 and share high degrees of homology in size, sequence and predicted structure, but differ significantly in their tissue distributions. Since this protein is expressed predominantly in trachea and lung, it is suggested to play a role in the complex pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis. It may also serve as adhesion molecule for lung metastatic cancer cells, mediating vascular arrest and colonization, and furthermore, it has been implicated to act as a tumor suppressor gene for breast cancer. Protein structure prediction methods suggest the N-terminal region of CLCA2 protein is a zinc metalloprotease.

Metalloproteinase
A metalloproteinase, or metalloprotease, is any protease enzyme whose catalytic mechanism involves a metal.  An example is ADAM12 which plays a significant role in the fusion of muscle cells during embryo development, in a process known as myogenesis.

Most metalloproteases require zinc, but some use cobalt. The metal ion is coordinated to the protein via three ligands. The ligands coordinating the metal ion can vary with histidine, glutamate, aspartate, lysine, and arginine. The fourth coordination position is taken up by a labile water molecule.

Treatment with chelating agents such as EDTA leads to complete inactivation. EDTA is a metal chelator that removes zinc, which is essential for activity. They are also inhibited by the chelator orthophenanthroline.
Soviet Union at the 1976 Summer Olympics
The Soviet Union (USSR) competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 410 competitors, 285 men and 125 women, took part in 189 events in 22 sports. As the country hosted the next Olympics in Moscow, a live video feed from the city was shown at the closing ceremony.

Viktor Krovopuskov
Viktor Alekseyevich Krovopuskov (Russian: Ви́ктор Алексе́евич Кровопу́сков; born 29 September 1948 in Moscow) is a retired sabre fencer, who competed for the USSR.

Krovopuskov began fencing at age 13 at the Children and Youth Sport School in Moscow, his first trainer being Igor Chernyshev. In 1967, he joined the Armed Forces Sports Society in Moscow. He was a member of the USSR National Team between 1973 and 1986. At the 1976 Olympics he won gold medals in both the individual and team sabre events. He repeated his performance at the 1980 Summer Olympics, where he, again, won gold medals in both events.

Krovopuskov was world champion in individual sabre twice (1978 and 1982), and team sabre five times (1974, 1975, 1979, 1983, and 1985). He also won the World Cup in sabre twice (1976 and 1979). In 1979, he was named the Best Sabre Fencer of the World by the International Fencing Federation.

He was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour in 1976 and the Order of Lenin in 1980.
Upatoi Creek
Upatoi Creek is a 35.5-mile-long (57.1 km) river in western Georgia, just outside Columbus. It runs from Upatoi, through South Columbus, and to the Chattahoochee River.

The stream begins at the outflow of Juniper Lake at 32°31′58″N 84°36′12″W﻿ / ﻿32.53278°N 84.60333°W﻿ / 32.53278; -84.60333 at an elevation of 370 feet. The stream flows to the west and forms the boundary between Talbot and Marion counties and Talbot and Chattahoochee counties. The stream continues to the west and southwest through the northern margin of Fort Moore. The stream continues to the southwest forming the boundary between Muscogee and Chattahoochee counties. The confluence with the Chattahoochee River is at the Georgia-Alabama border and the western boundary of Fort Moore at 32°22′41″N 84°58′14″W﻿ / ﻿32.37806°N 84.97056°W﻿ / 32.37806; -84.97056 and an elevation of 177 feet.

Upatoi is a name derived from the Muskogean language meaning either "sheet-like covering" or "bullfrog".

South Columbus, Georgia
South Columbus, sometimes called the southside, is a residential district of Columbus, Georgia, situated just south of the financial district of Downtown Columbus and north of Fort Benning, one of the largest United States Army bases. In 2007, South Columbus had a population of 14,342.
Schinia acutilinea
Schinia acutilinea, the angled gem or acute-lined flower moth, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1878. It is found in the dry southern portions of Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia, south across the plains and Great Basin to southern Arizona and California.

The wingspan is 25–27 mm. Adults are on wing in August.

The larvae feed on Artemisia species, including Artemisia tridentata and Artemisia nova.

Schinia acutilinea was placed as a synonym of Schinia accessa by David F. Hardwick in 1996, but recent research by Michael G. Pogue indicates several species are included under this name.

Artemisia tridentata
Artemisia tridentata, commonly called big sagebrush, Great Basin sagebrush or simply sagebrush (one of several related species of this name), is an aromatic shrub from the family Asteraceae.

It grows in arid and semi-arid conditions, throughout a range of cold desert, steppe, and mountain habitats in the Intermountain West of North America. Big sagebrush and other Artemisia shrubs are the dominant plant species across large portions of the Great Basin.

Sagebrush provides food and habitat for a variety of species, such as sage grouse, pronghorn antelope, grey vireo, pygmy rabbit, and mule deer. Several major threats exist to sagebrush ecosystems, including human settlements, conversion to agricultural land, invasive plant species, and wildfires.

Native Americans have used the plant medicinally. It is also useful as firewood.