hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jogbudha Valley
The Jogbuda Valley (जोगबुढा उपत्यका) is a small valley in the south of the Dadeldhura district, Mahakali zone in Nepal's far western region. Streams empty into the Mahakali or Sarda River which rises in the high Himalaya and defines most of Nepal's western border with Uttarakhand, India.
Imagery of Jogbuda valley (J):
terrain
satellite
Located in the Outer Terai south of this valley is the Suklaphanta Wildlife Reserve, home of the largest herd of swamp deer in the world. In 1984 UNESCO listed it as a World Heritage Site.

Jogbuda
Jogbuda    is a village development committee in Dadeldhura District in the Mahakali Zone of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 13,521 people living in 2191 individual households.
St Michael's Church, Buslingthorpe
St Michael's Church is a redundant Anglican church in the hamlet of Buslingthorpe, Lincolnshire, England.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building, and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.  It stands in an isolated position adjacent to a partly moated farm to the east of the A46 road.  The church is notable for two mediaeval monuments to members of the Buslingthorpe family.

Churches Conservation Trust
The Churches Conservation Trust is a registered charity whose purpose is to protect historic churches at risk in England. The charity cares for over 350 churches of architectural, cultural and historic significance, which have been transferred into its care by the Church of England.

The Trust works to prevent any deterioration in the condition of the buildings in its care, and to ensure they are in use as community assets. Local communities are encouraged to use them for activities and events, and the buildings provide an educational resource, allowing children and young people to study history, architecture and other subjects.

Most of the churches saved from closure are Grade I or Grade II* listed. Many are open to visitors as heritage sites, and nearly 2 million people visit the Trust's churches each year. The majority of the churches remain consecrated, though they are not used for regular worship.
Burmese–Meitei relations
The early political relations between Burmese Kingdom of historical Myanmar (Burma) and Meitei Kingdom of erstwhile Manipur (Kangleipak) were marked by both diplomatic interactions and periods of conflict.

Meitei people in Myanmar are known as "Kathe" or "Cassay" or "Cassey" or "Ponna". Burmese people (of Bamar ethnicity or Burman ethnic group) are known as "Awa" or "Ava", named after one of their historical places, by the Meitei people.

Around 500 Meitei horsemen helped the Burmese King Alaungpaya in his invasion of Siam (Thailand).

Manipur (princely state)
The Manipur Kingdom, also known as Meckley,
was an ancient kingdom at the India–Burma frontier. Historically, Manipur was an independent kingdom ruled by a Meitei dynasty. But it was also invaded and ruled over by Burmese kingdom at various point of time. It became a protectorate of the British East India Company from 1824, and a princely state of the British Raj in 1891. The princely state bordered the Assam Province in the west and British Burma in the east, and in the 20th century covered an area of 22,327 square kilometres (8,621 sq mi) and contained 467 villages. The capital of the state was Imphal.
Robert Pakenham
Robert Pakenham (c. 1744 – 7 July 1775), styled The Honourable from 1756, was an Anglo-Irish politician.

Pakenham was the son of Thomas Pakenham, 1st Baron Longford and Elizabeth Pakenham, 1st Countess of Longford. He gained the rank of captain in the 33rd Regiment of Foot. Pakenham was the Member of Parliament for County Longford in the Irish House of Commons between 1768 and his death in 1775.

County Longford (Parliament of Ireland constituency)
County Longford was a constituency represented in the Irish House of Commons from 1585 to 1800 representing County Longford. Between 1725 and 1793, under the Penal Laws, Catholics and those married to Catholics could not vote.
Karin Schallreuter
Karin Uta Schallreuter is a German-born medical scientist, and emerita professor for Clinical and Experimental Dermatology at the University of Bradford, England. She has researched the fields of vitiligo and eczema.

She has a medical degree from the University of Hamburg and did post-doctoral research at the University of Minnesota, before being appointed Professor for Clinical and Experimental Dermatology at the University of Bradford in 1995.

Her research led to the development of pseudocatalase cream for the treatment of vitiligo. She led the Institute for Pigmentary Disorders in Greifswald, Germany, associated with the University of Greifswald, which offered treatments for vitiligo including trips to Jordan for a three-week treatment combining use of this cream with climatotherapy in the UVB-rich climate of Jordan. The institute closed on 1 January 2021 for economic reasons.

University of Bradford
The University of Bradford is a public research university located in the city of Bradford, West Yorkshire, England. A plate glass university, it received its royal charter in 1966, making it the 40th university to be created in Britain, but can trace its origins back to the establishment of the industrial West Yorkshire town's Mechanics Institute in 1832.

The student population includes 7,923 undergraduate and 3,742 postgraduate students. Mature students make up around a third of the undergraduate community. A total of 22% of students are foreign and come from over 110 countries. There were 14,406 applications to the university through UCAS in 2010, of which 3,421 were accepted.

It was the first British university to establish a Department of Peace Studies in 1973, which is currently the world's largest university centre for the study of peace and conflict.
Elderslie High School
Elderslie High School is a government-funded co-educational comprehensive secondary day school, located in Narellan, a town in the Macarthur region, southwest of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Established in 1977, the school provides education for approximately 950 students from Year 7 to Year 12. The school is operated by the New South Wales Department of Education; the principal is Jennifer Lawrence.

Narellan, New South Wales
Narellan is a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales. Narellan is located 60 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of Camden Council and is part of the Macarthur region.

Narellan is known for its modern shopping centre, Narellan Town Centre, historic St Thomas Chapel, Studley Park House and golf course.
Paavo Nurmi statue
The Paavo nurmi statue (also known as the Paavo Nurmi runner statue) is a whole-body sculpture of runner Paavo Nurmi, the most successful Olympic athlete in Finland, made by sculptor Wäinö Aaltonen. The bronze sculpture was made in 1925 and there have been four additional casts of it. The statue has become a symbol for Finnish sport and the independent Finnish nation as well as an envoy of the image of Finland.

The order represented the start of the career as a trusted national artist for Aaltonen. He had earlier made a significant local impact in the Turku area. The sculpture order was given to Aaltonen as an "improvement prize" as he was considered the most talented among young sculptors. The sculpture was also the first sculpture representing an athlete to be ordered by the state of Finland.

Ateneum
Ateneum is an art museum in Helsinki, Finland and one of the three museums forming the Finnish National Gallery. It is located in the centre of Helsinki on the south side of Rautatientori square close to Helsinki Central railway station. It has the biggest collections of classical art in Finland. Before 1991 the Ateneum building also housed the Finnish Academy of Fine Arts and University of Art and Design Helsinki.
Dermer
Dermer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brandon Dermer (born 1986), American film director

Bob Dermer (born 1946), Canadian actor

David Dermer (born 1963), American politician

Ed Dermer (born 1957), Australian politician

Lawrence Dermer (born 1962), American songwriter

Richard Dermer (1939–2014), American restaurateur

Ron Dermer (born 1971), American-born Israeli political consultant and diplomat

Thomas Dermer (c. 1590–1620), Americannavigator and explorer

Richard Dermer
Richard Dermer (June 19, 1939 – March 14, 2014) was an American restaurateur and founder of Hideaway Pizza.

Dermer was born in Stillwater, Oklahoma in 1939. He attended and graduated at Oklahoma State University. While attending university, in 1957 Dermer opened the original Hideaway Pizza outlet, in Stillwater; it was the second pizzeria in the city. Subsequently, Dermer opened a second Hideaway Pizza outlet in Tulsa, Oklahoma, and the business expanded from there.

He was an enthusiast for kite flying. He was nicknamed "The Big Kahuna". He died in hospital as the result of complications from previous health issues, aged 74.
Sid Wharton
Sidney Emmanuel Wharton (19 December 1875 – 5 January 1951) was an English professional footballer who played for Small Heath as a winger. He was a pacy winger with good ball-control who created chances and was always involved in the game. He made 167 appearances in all competitions for Small Heath. In 1900–01 he played for the Football League XI against the Irish League and was a member of  an England XI in an unofficial international against a German XI, alongside clubmate Alex Leake.

In the 1901 Census, Wharton was listed as a professional footballer living in Dawson Street, Smethwick, Staffordshire. He later became a bookmaker, and is listed in that occupation on the 1939 Register. He died in Birmingham in January 1951 at the age of 75.

He was the uncle of racing car driver Ken Wharton.

Smethwick
Smethwick (/ˈsmɛðɪk/) is an industrial town in the Sandwell district, in the county of the West Midlands, England. It lies 4 miles (6 km) west of Birmingham city centre. Historically it was in Staffordshire and then Worcestershire before being placed into West Midlands county.

In 2019, the ward of Smethwick had an estimated population of 15,246, while the wider built-up area subdivision has a population of 53,653.
Fawbush-Miller Award
The Fawbush-Miller Award is a US Air Force award given for the most Outstanding Operational Weather Squadron for the entire Air Force. It is named after Robert C. Miller and E J. Fawbush, who pioneered forecasting tornadoes.

Robert C. Miller
Col. Robert C. Miller, USAF (1920–1998), was an American meteorologist, who pioneered severe convective storms forecasting and applied research, developing an empirical forecasting method, identifying many features associated with severe thunderstorms, a forecast checklist and manuals, and is known for the first official tornado forecast (1948 Tinker Air Force Base tornadoes), and it verified, in 1948.
Millimetrik
Millimetrik is the stage name of Pascal Asselin, a Canadian electronic musician from Quebec City, Quebec. He is most noted as a two-time Félix Award winner for Electronic Album of the Year, winning at the 41st Félix Awards in 2019 for Make It Last Forever and at the 44th Félix Awards in 2022 for Sun-Drenched.

44th Félix Awards
The 43rd Félix Awards were held on November 6, 2022 to honour achievements in Quebec music. The gala was hosted by Louis-José Houde, and televised by Ici Radio-Canada Télé.

The advance ceremony announcing the winners in categories not selected for the main gala was hosted by Pierre Lapointe and broadcast by Télé-Québec on November 2.
Otto Larsen (footballer)
Jens Otto Larsen (5 April 1893 – 23 July 1969) was a Danish amateur football player with Frem, Fremad Amager and the Danish national team. Larsen was known as a very talented but somewhat inconsistent player. He was part of the Frem team that won the first ever Danish Championship to the club in 1923.

Boldklubben Frem
Boldklubben Frem (also known as Frem, BK Frem or BK Frem Copenhagen) is a Danish sports club based in the Valby-Sydhavnen area of Copenhagen. It is best known for its semi-professional football team and its youth academy. Since its foundation in 1886, Frem has won the Danish Championships six times and the Danish Cup twice. Until the disastrous bankruptcy in 1993, Frem had played in the top division all but six seasons. After the bankruptcy the club fought its way back to the top of Danish football, but in 2010 it went bankrupt again and was demoted to the Copenhagen Series—the fifth tier in the Danish league system. After two back to back promotions, the club now participates in the Danish 2nd Division, the third tier.

The club also has a youth and amateur football branch, as well as a cricket team. It is also involved in the running of the KIES sports boarding school.
Calapooya Creek
Calapooya Creek is a tributary, about 37 miles (60 km) long, of the Umpqua River in Douglas County in the U.S. state of Oregon. Formed by its north and south forks, the creek drains a mountainous region south of the Calapooya Divide and east of Oakland and Sutherlin.

From its source, the creek flows generally southwest through or near Nonpareil and Oakland. Near Oakland it passes under Oregon Route 99 and Interstate 5 and further downstream Oregon Route 138 before entering the river at the rural community of Umpqua.

Douglas County, Oregon
Douglas County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 111,201. The county seat is Roseburg. The county is named after Stephen A. Douglas, an American politician who supported Oregon statehood. Douglas County comprises the Roseburg, Oregon micropolitan statistical area. In area, Douglas County is the largest county west of the Oregon Cascades.
Concert for George (album)
Concert for George is a live tribute soundtrack album in honour of George Harrison, recorded on the first anniversary of his death, and issued in 2003 in conjunction with the simultaneous DVD release of the same name. Featuring performances of many of Harrison's best-known songs, played by his closest musician friends, Concert for George is considered a fitting and heartfelt celebration of Harrison's considerable career.

Jim Keltner
James Lee Keltner (born April 27, 1942) is an American drummer and percussionist known primarily for his session work. He was characterized by Bob Dylan biographer Howard Sounes as "the leading session drummer in America".
Dean Young (poet)
Dean Young (1955 – August 23, 2022) was an American poet in the lineage of John Ashbery, Frank O'Hara, and Kenneth Koch. Often cited as a second-generation New York School poet, Young also derived influence and inspiration from the work of André Breton, Paul Éluard, and the other French Surrealist poets.

Copper Canyon Press
Copper Canyon Press is an independent, non-profit small press, founded in 1972 in Denver, Colorado, by Sam Hamill, Tree Swenson, Bill O'Daly, and Jim Gautney, specializing exclusively in the publication of poetry. Since 1974, it is located in Port Townsend, Washington, in what "looks like a small storage building".

With Hamill, the press's editor for over 30 years, departing in 2004, their team is currently led by Michael Wiegers and Ryo Yamaguchi, who joined in 1993 and 2024, and has previously included the likes of Tonaya Thompson as managing editor, George Knotek, Joseph Bednarik as marketing and sales director, and others. Bednarik also served as the poet Jim Harrison's editor at Copper Canyon Press. They publish new collections of poetry by both popular and emerging American poets, translations of classical and contemporary work from many of the world's cultures, re-issues of out-of-print poetry classics, prose books about poetry, and anthologies.
Prozbul
The Prozbul (Hebrew: פרוזבול, borrowed from Koinē Greek: προσβολή) is a halachic mechanism allowing for the collection of debts against loans that have come due, and preventing their cancellation by the monetary Shmita process (The Lord's Release).

The Prozbul was established in the waning years of the Second Temple of Jerusalem by Hillel the Elder. The writ, issued historically by rabbis, changed the status of individual private loans into the public administration, which made them ineligible for cancellation on the year of Shmita. This allowed the poor to receive interest-free loans before the Sabbatical year while protecting the investments of the lenders.

Debt relief
Debt relief or debt cancellation is the partial or total forgiveness of debt, or the slowing or stopping of debt growth, owed by individuals, corporations, or nations.

From antiquity through the 19th century, it refers to domestic debts, in particular agricultural debts and freeing of debt slaves. In World War I the United States Treasury made large loans to the Allies that were postponed, reduced and finally paid off in 1953. In the late 20th century, it came to refer primarily to Third World debt, which started exploding with the Latin American debt crisis (Mexico 1983, etc.). In the early 21st century, it is of increased applicability to individuals in developed countries, due to credit bubbles and housing bubbles.
Secured transaction
A secured transaction is a loan or a credit transaction in which the lender acquires a security interest in collateral owned by the borrower and is entitled to foreclose on or repossess the collateral in the event of the borrower's default. The terms of the relationship are governed by a contract, or security agreement.  In the United States, secured transactions in personal property (that is, anything other than real property) are governed by Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code (U.C.C.).

Credit
Credit (from Latin creditum, "loan") is the trust which allows one party to provide money or resources to another party wherein the second party does not reimburse the first party immediately (thereby generating a debt), but promises either to repay or return those resources (or other materials of equal value) at a later date. The resources provided by the first party can be either property, fulfillment of promises, or performances. In other words, credit is a method of making reciprocity formal, legally enforceable, and extensible to a large group of unrelated people.

The resources provided may be financial (e.g. granting a loan), or they may consist of goods or services (e.g. consumer credit). Credit encompasses any form of deferred payment. Credit is extended by a creditor, also known as a lender, to a debtor, also known as a borrower.
Pianottoli-Caldarello
Pianottoli-Caldarello (Italian pronunciation: [pjaˈnɔttoli kaldaˈrɛllo]; French: [pjanɔtɔli kaldaʁɛlo]; Corsican: Pianottuli è Caldareddu) is a commune in the Corse-du-Sud department of France on the island of Corsica.

It is part of the canton of Grand Sud.

Canton of Grand Sud
The canton of Grand Sud is an administrative division of the Corse-du-Sud department, southeastern France. It was created by the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Porto-Vecchio.

It consists of the following communes:
Macmillan's Magazine
Macmillan's Magazine was a monthly British magazine published 1859 to 1907 by Alexander Macmillan.

The magazine was a literary periodical that published fiction and non-fiction works primarily by British authors. Thomas Hughes convinced Macmillan to found the magazine, and its first editor was David Masson.

In 1868, David Masson resigned as editor of the magazine and left London to become Professor of English Literature at the University of Edinburgh. Alexander Macmillan appointed George Grove, who remained in this post for 15 years, becoming also a general literary adviser to the publisher.

In the magazine's first decade of publication, Frederick Denison Maurice was a prolific contributor.

F. D. Maurice
John Frederick Denison Maurice (29 August 1805 – 1 April 1872), commonly known as F. D. Maurice, was an English Anglican priest and theologian. He was a prolific author and one of the founders of Christian socialism. Since the Second World War, interest in Maurice has expanded.
Karkinitska and Dzharylgatska Bays
Karkinitska and Dzharylgatska Bays (also Karkinit and Dzharylgach Bays) is a RAMSAR site in Ukraine. The two bays (Karkinit Bay and (Dzharylhach Bay) in the Northern reaches of the Black Sea between the Ukrainian mainland and Crimea include several island spits and the Dzharylhach island, one of the largest uninhabited islands in Europe. Human activities (fishing, hunting grazing, etc.) are allowed.

Administratively, it is shared by the Kherson Region and the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.

There are the Dzharylhach National Nature Park based on the Dzharylhach island and the surrounding waters and the Lebedyni Islands ("Swan Islands") ornithological game reserve.

Ramsar site
A Ramsar site is a wetland site designated to be of international importance under the Ramsar Convention, also known as "The Convention on Wetlands",  an international environmental treaty signed on 2 February 1971 in Ramsar, Iran, under the auspices of UNESCO. It came into force on 21 December 1975, when it was ratified by a sufficient number of nations. It provides for national action and international cooperation regarding the conservation of wetlands, and wise sustainable use of their resources. Ramsar treaty participants meet regularly to identify and agree to protect "Wetlands of International Importance", especially those providing waterfowl habitat.

As of January 2026, there are 2,520 Ramsar sites around the world, which protect 253,075,668 hectares (625,363,590 acres), and 172 national governments participate in the convention.
Halpenny
Halpenny is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Baron Barrymore Halpenny, English commercial artist, book editor, writer and historian of traditions and culture

Bruce Barrymore Halpenny, English military historian and author

Colum Halpenny (born 1979), Australian-Irish rugby league footballer

Ellen Halpenny (born 1990), New Zealand netball player in the ANZ Championship

Francess Halpenny, CC, FRSC (born 1919), Canadian editor and professor

Ernest Halpenny, PC (1903–1974), Canadian politician

Marion Rose Halpenny, English equestrian writer and horsewoman

William Halpenny (1882–1960), Canadian track and field athlete

Ernest Halpenny
George Ernest Halpenny, PC (June 14, 1903 – May 10, 1974) was a Canadian politician.

A chemist by training, Halpenny was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1957 federal election that brought John Diefenbaker to power. Elected as the Progressive Conservative Member of Parliament for London, Halpenny was appointed by Diefenbaker as parliamentary assistant to the Minister of National Health and Welfare in 1957. In 1960, he was promoted to Cabinet as minister without portfolio and in 1962 he was promoted to Secretary of State for Canada.

After winning three successive elections, Halpenny did not run in the 1963 federal election. Halpenny later started a chain of pharmacies called Canada Apothecary with partner William Muchan