hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gaia philosophy
Gaia philosophy (named after Gaia, the Greek goddess of the Earth) is a broadly inclusive term for relating concepts about humanity as an effect of the life of this planet.

The Gaia hypothesis holds that all organisms on a life-giving planet regulate the biosphere in such a way as to promote its habitability. Gaia concepts draw a connection between the survivability of a species (hence its evolutionary course) and its usefulness to the survival of other species. While there were a number of precursors to the Gaia hypothesis, the first scientific form of this idea was proposed as the Gaia hypothesis by James Lovelock, a UK chemist, in 1970. The Gaia hypothesis deals with the concept of biological homeostasis, and claims the resident life forms of a host planet, coupled with their environment have acted and act like a single, self-regulating system. This system includes the near-surface rocks, the soil, and the atmosphere. These theories are, however, significant in green politics.

Dymaxion map
The Dymaxion map projection, also called the Fuller projection, is a kind of polyhedral map projection of the Earth's surface onto the unfolded net of an icosahedron. The resulting map is heavily interrupted in order to reduce shape and size distortion compared to other world maps, but the interruptions are chosen to lie in the ocean.

The projection was invented by Buckminster Fuller. In 1943, Fuller proposed a projection onto a cuboctahedron, which he called the Dymaxion World, using the name Dymaxion which he also applied to several of his other inventions. In 1954, Fuller and cartographer Shoji Sadao produced an updated Dymaxion map, the Airocean World Map, based on an icosahedron with a few of the triangular faces cut to avoid breaks in landmasses.

The Dymaxion projection is intended for representations of the entire Earth.
Pterodactyl Woman from Beverly Hills
Pterodactyl Woman from Beverly Hills, made by Ptereo Pictures Inc. and Troma Entertainment in 1995, is a live-action farcical horror film, written and directed by Philippe Mora. The film stars Beverly D'Angelo, Aron Eisenberg and Brion James. Australian entertainer Barry Humphries has a cameo, playing three parts in the same scene: a grocery store clerk, the store manager and a "lady shopper" who is clearly his stage character Dame Edna Everage. The film had a limited cinematic release in January 1996 and was released on video by Troma in 1997.

Aron Eisenberg
Aron Eisenberg (January 6, 1969 – September 21, 2019) was an American actor and podcaster known for his role on Star Trek: Deep Space Nine as Nog, a young alien who befriends the son of the space station's human commander, and becomes the first Ferengi to join Starfleet.
Tudway
Tudway is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Clement Tudway (1734–1815), British lawyer and politician

Hervey Tudway (1888–1914), English cricketer

Robert Tudway (1808–1855), British politician

Thomas Tudway (died 1726), English musician and composer

Hervey Tudway
Hervey Robert Charles Tudway (23 September 1888 – 18 November 1914) was a member of a long-established family from Wells, Somerset who played one first-class cricket match for Somerset in 1910. He was born at Westminster, London and died while serving as a lieutenant in the 2nd Battalion of the Grenadier Guards at Boulogne, France.
Anne C. Morel
Anne C. Morel (also published as Anne C. Davis, died July 22, 1984) was an American mathematician known for her work in logic, order theory, and algebra. She was the first female full professor of mathematics at the University of Washington.

Order theory
Order theory is a branch of mathematics that investigates the intuitive notion of order using binary relations. It provides a formal framework for describing statements such as "this is less than that" or "this precedes that".
Lancaster Regional Airport
Lancaster Regional Airport (ICAO: KLNC, FAA LID: LNC) is two miles south of Lancaster, in Dallas County, Texas. Formerly Lancaster Airport, the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015 categorized it as a general aviation reliever airport.

Most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, but this airport is LNC to the FAA and has no IATA code. (IATA assigned LNC to Lengbati Airport in Lengbati, Papua New Guinea).

Dallas County, Texas
Dallas County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,613,539, and was estimated to be 2,656,028 in 2024, making it the second-most populous county in Texas and the eighth-most populous county in the United States. Its county seat is Dallas, the third-most populous city in Texas and the ninth-most populous city in the United States. The county was founded on March 30, 1846 and was possibly named for George Mifflin Dallas, the 11th Vice President of the United States under U.S. President James K. Polk. Dallas County is included in the eleven-county Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington metropolitan statistical area, which is the fourth-most populous metropolitan area in the United States.

Municipal expansion within Dallas County has blurred the geographic lines between cities and between neighboring counties.
Kenneth Rothman (epidemiologist)
Kenneth J. Rothman (born November 2, 1945) is an American epidemiologist. He is a professor of epidemiology at the Boston University School of Public Health, as well as a Distinguished Fellow at RTI International, where he is Vice President for Epidemiologic Research at RTI Health Solutions.

RTI International
Research Triangle Institute, operating as RTI International, is a nonprofit organization headquartered in the Research Triangle Park in North Carolina, USA. RTI provides research and technical services. It was founded in 1958 with $500,000 in funding from local businesses and the three North Carolina universities that form the Research Triangle. RTI research has covered topics like HIV/AIDS, healthcare, education curriculum and the environment.
Proboscivirus
Proboscivirus is a genus of viruses in the order Herpesvirales, in the family Herpesviridae, in the subfamily Betaherpesvirinae. Elephants serve as natural hosts. EEHV1 causes asymptomatic infection in African elephants but causes fatal haemorrhagic disease in Asian elephants. The name "Proboscivirus" comes from the Greek word προβοσκίς or "proboscis" meaning "the elephant trunk," for which the virus accordingly uses as a means of contraction and transmission (secretions or openings of the trunk) to enter the elephant's body.

Proboscis
A proboscis (/proʊˈbɒsɪs, -kɪs/) is an elongated appendage from the head of an animal, either a vertebrate or an invertebrate. In invertebrates, the term usually refers to tubular mouthparts used for feeding and sucking. In vertebrates, a proboscis is an elongated nose or snout.
Politics of Campania
The politics of Campania, a region of Italy, takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democracy, whereby the President of Regional Government is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the Regional Government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Regional Council.

Regions of Italy
The regions of Italy (Italian: regioni d'Italia) are the first-level administrative divisions of the Italian Republic, constituting its second NUTS administrative level. There are twenty regions, five of which are autonomous regions with special status. Under the Constitution of Italy, each region is an autonomous entity with defined powers. With the exception of the Aosta Valley (since 1945) and Friuli-Venezia Giulia (since 2015), each region is divided into a number of provinces.
Synnefo
Synnefo is a complete open-source cloud stack written in Python that provides Compute, Network, Image, Volume and Storage services, similar to the ones offered by AWS. Synnefo manages multiple Google Ganeti clusters at the backend that handle low-level VM operations and uses Archipelago to unify cloud storage. To boost 3rd-party compatibility, Synnefo exposes the OpenStack APIs to users.

Synnefo is being developed by GRNET (Greek Research and Technology Network), and is powering two of its public cloud services, the ~okeanos service, which is aimed towards the Greek academic community, and the ~okeanos global service, which is open for all members of the GÉANT network.

Front end and back end
In software development, front end refers to the presentation layer that users interact with, while back end refers to the data management and processing behind the scenes. "Full stack" refers to both together. In the client–server model, the client is usually considered the front end, handling most user-facing tasks, and the server is the back end, mainly managing data and logic.
Locust tree
Locust tree can mean:

Any of a number of tree species in the genera Gleditsia or Robinia, including:
Honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos), a leguminous tree with pods having a sweet, edible pulp
Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), a leguminous tree with toxic pods
Water locust (Gleditsia aquatica), a leguminous tree with one seed per pod

Less commonly, "African locust bean tree" (Parkia biglobosa), which is also known as néré

Also not commonly, the carob tree, Ceratonia siliqua, whose pods are called locust beans

Gleditsia
Gleditsia /ɡlɪˈdɪtsiə/ (honey locust) is a genus of  trees in the family Fabaceae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae, native to the Americas and Asia. The Latin name commemorates Johann Gottlieb Gleditsch, director of the Berlin Botanical Garden, who died in 1786.
Craterellus excelsus
Craterellus excelsus is a species of fungus in the family Cantharellaceae. Reported as a new species in 2009, it was originally collected from the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana. The species is found in rainforests that are composed predominantly of Dicymbe species. C. excelsus has fruit bodies that may be up to 15 cm (6 in) in height and grow in dense clusters.

Basidiocarp
In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome, or basidioma (pl. basidiomata) is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not produce such structures. As with other sporocarps, epigeous (above-ground) basidiocarps that are visible to the naked eye (especially those with a more or less agaricoid morphology) are commonly referred to as mushrooms, while hypogeous (underground) basidiocarps are usually called false truffles.
Dale Bandy
Dale Bandy is a former American basketball player and coach. Playing for coach Jim Snyder at Ohio University, he was team captain of the 1960 team that made the Sweet Sixteen in the 1960 NCAA tournament. He was an assistant under Snyder, who led his teams to 7 NCAA tournament appearances (1960, 1961, 1964, 1965, 1970, 1972, and 1974) and one National Invitation Tournament appearance (1969). He succeeded Snyder as head coach of the Ohio Bobcats men's basketball team from the 1974–75 season to the 1979–80 season (six years). Coach Bandy's teams compiled a 69–89 record, good for a .436 winning percentage. His Mid-American Conference record was 36–58 (.382).

He was a graduate of Clay High School (Portsmouth, Ohio) where his father was a long-time administrator. While at Ohio he played baseball as well as basketball.

1960 NCAA University Division basketball tournament
The 1960 NCAA University Division basketball tournament involved 25 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men's  NCAA Division I college basketball in the United States. The 22nd annual edition of the tournament began on March 7, 1960, and ended with the championship game on March 19, at the Cow Palace in Daly City, California (immediately south of San Francisco). A total of 29 games were played, including a third-place game in each region and a national third-place game.

Ohio State, coached by Fred Taylor, won the national title with a 75–55 victory in the final game over California, coached by Pete Newell. Jerry Lucas of Ohio State was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player.
Nicholas Woodroffe
Sir Nicholas Woodroffe  (Woodruff, Woodrofe, etc.) (1530–1598) was a London merchant of the Worshipful Company of Haberdashers, who, through the English Reformation, rose in the Alderman class to become a Master Haberdasher, Lord Mayor of London and Member of Parliament for London. Through the complexities of his family's relationships, and the position and security which they afforded, he lived to establish his family among the armigerous houses of late Elizabethan Surrey.

Armiger
In heraldry, an armiger is a (natural or juridical) person entitled to use a heraldic achievement (e.g., bear arms, an "armour-bearer") either by hereditary right, grant, matriculation, or assumption of arms. Such a person is said to be armigerous; a family or a clan likewise.
Perkova, Kursk Oblast
Perkova (Russian: Перькова) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Starkovsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  24 (2010 Census); 38 (2002 Census);

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
Poundit
Poundit is a privately held online e-commerce website based in the Philippines. The website was founded by former BlackBerry Philippines manager Kristian Salvo in 2014. It headquartered in Makati, Philippines. The company set up an end-to-end service for the Philippine market including sales, electronics, gadgets, home appliances, and accessories.

Rental accessories and attachments
Rental accessories and attachments are additional equipment that supports a larger piece of equipment. When dealing with heavy and specialized equipment, they are typically referred to as attachments. Others tend to be referred to  as accessories.
Institute for Philanthropy
The Institute for Philanthropy is a not-for-profit organisation which provides information and educational programmes to philanthropists and charitable organizations. Originally established in 2000 by Hilary Browne-Wilkinson, a former solicitor at University College London, the Institute currently operates from offices in London and New York.

The Institute carries out research about charitable organizations and charitable tax law, and provides advice to potential donors on the efficient utilisation of funding.

The Institute works to increase effective philanthropy in the United Kingdom and internationally, by raising awareness and understanding of philanthropy, providing donor education and building donor networks.

Tax law
Tax law or revenue law is an area of legal study in which public or sanctioned authorities, such as federal, state and municipal governments (as in the case of the US) use a body of rules and procedures (laws) to assess and collect taxes in a legal context. The rates and merits of the various taxes, imposed by the authorities, are attained via the political process inherent in these bodies of power, and not directly attributable to the actual domain of tax law itself.

Tax law is part of public law. It covers the application of existing tax laws on individuals, entities and corporations, in areas where tax revenue is derived or levied, e.g. income tax, estate tax, business tax, employment/payroll tax, property tax, gift tax and exports/imports tax. There have been some arguments that consumer law is a better way to engage in large-scale redistribution than tax law because it does not necessitate legislation and can be more efficient, given the complexities of tax law.: 213
Mr. Billion
Mr. Billion is a 1977 action comedy/action-adventure film directed by Jonathan Kaplan. It is the Hollywood debut of Terence Hill, and the last film of actor William Redfield, who died before its release.

In the film, a mechanic becomes the sole heir of his recently deceased uncle. But he has to sign a document within a deadline in order to receive his inheritance. His uncle's assistant and a private detective conspire to prevent him from claiming his inheritance.

Private investigator
A private investigator (often abbreviated to PI; also known as a private detective, an inquiry agent or informally a private eye) is a person who can be hired by individuals or groups to undertake investigatory law services. Private investigators often work for attorneys to problem solve in civil and criminal cases.
Geopotential
Geopotential (symbol W) is the potential of the Earth's gravity field. It has SI units of square metre per square seconds (m2/s2). For convenience it is often defined as the negative of the potential energy per unit mass, so that the gravity vector is obtained as the gradient of the geopotential, without the negation. In addition to the actual potential (the geopotential), a theoretical normal potential (symbol U) and their difference, the disturbing potential (T = W − U), can also be defined.

Square metre
The square metre (international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures) or square meter (American spelling) is the unit of area in the International System of Units (SI) with symbol m2. It is the area of a square with sides one metre in length.

Adding and subtracting SI prefixes creates multiples and submultiples; however, as the unit is exponentiated, the quantities grow exponentially by the corresponding power of 10. For example, 1 kilometre is 103 (one thousand) times the length of 1 metre, but 1 square kilometre is (103)2 (106, one million) times the area of 1 square metre, and 1 cubic kilometre is (103)3 (109, one billion) cubic metres.

Its inverse is the reciprocal square metre (m−2), often called "per square metre".
Irving Berlin's 100th Birthday Celebration
Irving Berlin's 100th Birthday Celebration was a concert special held in his honor at Carnegie Hall on May 11, 1988. It was aired on CBS television two weeks later, on May 27. At the 40th annual Emmy Awards later that summer, on August 28, it won two Emmys for outstanding variety, music or comedy program. Berlin himself did not attend, as he had retired from public life.

The gala concert was sponsored by Carnegie Hall and the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP), of which Berlin was a founding member. A number of countries also observed Berlin's birthday, including Great Britain, and Viking Press subsequently published an unauthorized biography of Berlin by Laurence Bergreen. The show was produced by Don Mischer, who produces the Tony Award telecasts.

Jerome Robbins
Jerome Robbins (born Jerome Wilson Rabinowitz; October 11, 1918 – July 29, 1998) was an American dancer, choreographer, film director, theatre director and producer who worked in classical ballet, on stage, film, and television.

Among his numerous stage productions were On the Town, Peter Pan, High Button Shoes, The King and I, The Pajama Game, Bells Are Ringing, West Side Story, Gypsy, and Fiddler on the Roof. Robbins was a five-time Tony Award-winner and a recipient of the Kennedy Center Honors. He received two Academy Awards, including the 1961 Academy Award for Best Director with Robert Wise for West Side Story and a special Academy Honorary Award for his choreographic achievements on film.

A documentary about Robbins's life and work, Something to Dance About, featuring excerpts from his journals, archival performance and rehearsal footage, and interviews with Robbins and his colleagues, premiered on PBS in 2009 and won both an Emmy and a Peabody Award the same year.
Usmanabad
Usmanabad or Osmanabad (Urdu: عثمان آباد) is a neighborhood in Karachi, Pakistan, that is within Malir District.

There are several ethnic groups in Usmanabad including Muhajirs, Sindhis, Punjabis, Kashmiris, Seraikis, Pakhtuns, Balochis, Memons, Bohras, Ismailis and Christians.

Malir District
Malir District (Urdu: ضلع ملير) is an administrative district of Karachi Division in Sindh, Pakistan created in 1996 by bifurcation of District Karachi East. According to the 2023 Pakistani census, District Malir had a population of 2,419,736 (2.4 million).
1990 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1990 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 102nd staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening fixtures took place on 17 December 1989. The championship began on 29 April 1990 and ended on 21 October 1990.

Glen Rovers entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Carbery in the quarter-finals.

The final replay was played on 21 October 1990 at Páirc Uí Chaoimh in Cork between Na Piarsaigh and St. Finbarr's, in what was their first ever meeting in a final. Na Piarsaigh won the match by 2–07 to 1–08 to claim their first ever championship title.

Brian Cunningham was the championship's top scorer with 2-28.

St Finbarr's National Hurling & Football Club
St Finbarr's National Hurling & Football Club or St Finbarr's Hurling and Football Club is a Gaelic games club based in the Togher area of Cork city, County Cork, Ireland. Playing in royal blue and gold jerseys, St Finbarr's fields teams in the sports of Gaelic football and hurling.
Hundred of Grace
The Hundred of Grace is a cadastral unit of hundred located on the northern Adelaide Plains of South Australia spanning the township of Mallala and the Grace Plains. The hundred was proclaimed in 1856 in the County of Gawler and named by Governor Richard Graves MacDonnell after Grace Montgomery Farrell, wife of James Farrell, Dean of Adelaide. The hundred spans a significant portion of the lower Light River, which flows from north east to south west through the area.

Apart from Mallala, the hundred includes the localities of Redbanks, Fischer, Barabba, Pinkerton Plains (most part) and Grace Plains (most part). The localities of Reeves Plains, Korunye and Lower Light cross over the southern border of the hundred.

Barabba, South Australia
Barabba is a locality in the Mid North region of South Australia, between Mallala and Hamley Bridge on the north bank of the Light River.

Barabba includes the former government town of Aliceburgh which was proclaimed in 1879 and named for Governor William Jervois' daughter Alice.

The name Barabba is derived from an Aboriginal word for an indigenous bulrush plant. The town of Aliceburgh ceased to exist in 1897 and was resurveyed into larger workingmen's blocks. A Primitive Methodist Church opened in 1877. The Barabba post office operated from 1877 until 1971. It operated from the school building until 1926. The school itself closed in 1960 and the building was destroyed by the 2015 Pinery bushfire. The final service in the church was held in 1967 and it has since been demolished.
Śmiały (armoured train)
The armoured train Śmiały (Polish for Bold), sometimes PP 53 and officially Armoured Train number 53 was an armoured train of the Polish Army that saw significant action during the German Invasion of Poland in September 1939. The train in the end served under four flags—Austrian, Polish, Soviet, German—and fought in several wars from 1914 to 1945. Śmiały distinguished itself in the Battle of Mokra, after which it withdrew eastwards, taking part in the Battle of Brześć Litewski. After the Soviet invasion of Poland on September 17, the train left the western front via Kowel to Lwów, where it fought in the Battle of Lwów. On September 22, 1939, abandoned by its crew, it was seized by the Red Army.

Polish Land Forces
The Land Forces (Polish: Wojska Lądowe) are the ground forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 110,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stretches back a millennium – since the 10th century (see List of Polish wars and History of the Polish Army). Poland's modern army was formed after Poland regained independence following World War I in 1918.