hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bridgetowne
Bridgetowne is a real estate development spanning the border of Pasig and Quezon City in Metro Manila, Philippines. It is a mixed township and business park situated in a former industrial area on both banks of the Marikina River near the junction of Eulogio Rodriguez Jr. Avenue (C-5 Road) and Ortigas Avenue (R-5 Road). The 30.61-hectare (75.6-acre) masterplanned community is the first integrated township project by Robinsons Land Corporation, the real estate arm of JG Summit. It is currently anchored by four office towers in its information technology park dedicated to the business process outsourcing sector, its second in Metro Manila after Robinsons Cybergate in Mandaluyong. Once completed, the township will be a community consisting of seven office towers, a shopping mall, five-star hotel and residential condominiums, with a landmark bridge and a light art installation called The Victor as its centerpiece.

Business process outsourcing
Business process outsourcing (BPO) is a subset of outsourcing in which a company contracts the operations and responsibilities of a specific business process to a third-party service provider.

BPO offers organizations significant advantages, including increased flexibility, cost efficiency, and a sharper focus on core competencies. By transforming fixed costs into variable costs, companies can accelerate business processes and leverage specialized expertise from third-party providers. Challenges also arise from unclear contracts, changing requirements, unmet service levels, and over-dependence on providers.
Campaign of Sucre in Upper Peru
The Campaign of Sucre in Upper Peru was a set of military operations conducted by the Liberator United Army of Peru to dislodge the Spanish royalists in Upper Peru or Charcas. They were started after the Battle of Ayacucho (8 December 1824) and concluded with the surrender of the last Royalist groups after the Battle of Tumusla on 1 April 1825.

Upper Peru
Upper Peru (Spanish: Alto Perú; Portuguese: Alto Peru) is a name for the land that was governed by the Real Audiencia of Charcas. The name originated in Buenos Aires towards the end of the 18th century after the Audiencia of Charcas was transferred from the Viceroyalty of Peru to the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata in 1776. It comprised the governorships of Potosí, La Paz, Cochabamba, Chiquitos, Moxos and Charcas (since renamed Sucre).

Following the Bolivian War of Independence, the region became an independent country and was renamed Bolivia in honor of Simón Bolívar.
Martin Wilk
Martin Bradbury Wilk, OC (18 December 1922 – 19 February 2013) was a Canadian statistician, academic, and the former chief statistician of Canada. In 1965, together with Samuel Shapiro, he developed the Shapiro–Wilk test, which can indicate whether a sample of numbers would be unusual if it came from a Gaussian distribution. With Ramanathan Gnanadesikan he developed a number of important graphical techniques for data analysis, including the Q–Q plot and P–P plot.

Statistician
A statistician is a person who works with theoretical or applied statistics. The profession exists in both the private and public sectors.

It is common to combine statistical knowledge with expertise in other subjects, and statisticians may work as employees or as statistical consultants.
Wild Horse Island
Wild Horse Island (Montana Salish: Čt'išeʔém, Kutenai: kwiⱡq̓anqmi), approximately 2,164 acres (876 ha) in size, is the largest island on Flathead Lake, the largest freshwater lake in Montana. Protected as a state park since 1977, the island near Big Arm Bay is home to abundant wildlife including bighorn sheep, mule deer, waterfowl, and bald eagles. It is managed by Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks and lies within both the Flathead Indian Reservation and Lake County, Montana.

Kutenai language
Kutenai (/ˈkuːtniː/ KOOT-nee), also Kootenai, Kootenay, Ktunaxa, and Ksanka, is the native language of the Kutenai people of Montana and Idaho in the United States and British Columbia in Canada. It is typically considered a language isolate, unrelated to the Salishan family of languages spoken by neighboring tribes on the coast and in the interior Plateau. The Kutenai also use ʔa·qanⱡiⱡⱡitnam, Ktunaxa Sign Language.
Richard Schröder
Richard Schröder (born 14 April 1921) was an SS-Unterscharführer and member of staff at Auschwitz concentration camp. He was prosecuted at the Auschwitz Trial.

Born in Hamburg, Schröder completed trade school to work as a freight forwarder. He joined the Hitler Youth on 1 October 1933, the Nazi Party on 1 December 1939 and the SS on 30 May 1940. He was assigned to Auschwitz in December 1940, where he worked as an accounting officer until January 1945. Because he had only clerical duties, he had no contact with prisoners. Schröder was tried by the Supreme National Tribunal in Kraków and convicted of being part of a criminal organisation (the SS and Auschwitz staff). He received a 10-year prison sentence, but was released in the mid-1950s under an amnesty.

Unterscharführer
Unterscharführer ([ˈʊntɐʃaːɐ̯fyːʁɐ], lit. 'junior squad leader') was a paramilitary rank of the Nazi Party used by the Schutzstaffel (SS) between 1934 and 1945. The SS rank was created after the Night of the Long Knives. That event caused an SS reorganisation and the creation of new ranks to separate the SS from the Sturmabteilung (SA).

The insignia was a button pip centred on a collar patch opposite an SS unit insignia collar badge. The field grey SS uniform displayed the rank with silver collar piping and the shoulder boards of an Unteroffizier. Rank comparisons list the rank of Unterscharführer as equivalent to a corporal in other services, but the rank held responsibilities of a sergeant in some other armies.
Bacardi Feeling (Summer Dreamin')
"Bacardi Feeling (Summer Dreamin')" is a song by American recording artist Kate Yanai. Initially a Bacardi Rum jingle that she recorded for the European market in 1988, it became so popular that Yanai was asked to transform it into a song about "summer love" rather than rum. Arnold McCuller, David Lasley and Valerie Carter served as backing vocalists on the track, which subsequently reached number one in Austria and Germany.

Bacardi
Bacardi Limited (/bəˈkɑːrdi/ bə-KAR-dee, Spanish: [bakaɾˈði], Catalan: [bəkəɾˈði]) is the largest privately held, family-owned spirits company in the world. Originally known for its Bacardí brand of white rum, it now has a portfolio of more than 200 brands and labels. Founded in Cuba in 1862 by Facundo Bacardí i Massó, a Spanish businessman born in Sitges, Bacardi Limited has been family-owned for seven generations, and employs more than 8,000 people with sales in approximately 170 countries. Bacardi Limited is the group of companies as a whole and includes Bacardi International Limited.

Bacardi Limited is headquartered in Hamilton, Bermuda, and has a board of directors led by the original founder's great-great-grandson, Facundo L. Bacardí, the board's chairman. The company's Cathedral of Rum in Puerto Rico, the largest rum distillery in the world, produces 85% of Bacardi rum worldwide, while the remaining 15% originates from distilleries in Mexico and India.
Gregory Anthony Perdicaris
Gregory Anthony Perdicaris  (originally Gregores Antones Perdicaris, Greek: Γρηγόρης Αντώνης Περδικάρης; 1810 – April 18, 1883) was a Greek American statesman, lawyer, professor, author, and entrepreneur. Perdicaris raised awareness about Greece in the United States during the Greek War of Independence and was in Greece during the critical early years.  He was the first Consul of the United States for Greece. He is known for incorporating dozens of companies in the United States.  Perdicaris and partners built the municipal framework for gas and electric companies.  He was associated with Dewing v. Perdicaries, 96 U.S. 193 (1877), the Supreme Court case dealing with Confederate Sequestration.  He was a prominent resident of Trenton, New Jersey.

Trenton Academy
Trenton Academy was a private school in the city of Trenton, New Jersey, from 1781 to 1884 that served children ages 4–16.  It was located on Academy Street where the Trenton Public Library is presently located.
Oulad Sghir
Oulad Sghir is a small town and rural commune in Settat Province of the Chaouia-Ouardigha region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 6774 people living in 1145 households.

2004 Moroccan census
The 2004 Moroccan census, formally the General Population and Housing Census for the year 2004, was held in Morocco in 2004, conducted by the High Planning Commission. The previous census was taken in 1994.
Kleanza Creek Provincial Park
Kleanza Creek Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada.  Kleanza Creek is a tributary of the Skeena River. The park occupies over an area of 269 hectares (660 acres).

The Kleanza Creek Provincial Park is located in the Coast Mountains. The characteristic landscape of this area is dominated by forests and rock canyons. The park is an historically important area. The name 'Kleanza' is the Gitxsan word for gold. In the 1890s the creek saw its first mining for placer gold. Mining for gold on the river was abandoned because it was too deep and there was too much water in it. To this day, remains of old mines can be seen in the canyons.

Gitxsan language
Gitxsan /ˈɡɪtsæn/, or Gitxsanimaax (also rendered Gitksan, Giatikshan, Gityskyan, Giklsan and Sim Algyax), is an endangered Tsimshianic language of northwestern British Columbia, closely related to the neighboring Nisga’a language. The two groups are, however, politically separate and prefer to refer to Gitxsan and Nisga'a as distinct languages. According to the Report on the status of B.C First Nations Languages there are 255 fluent speakers, 339 that understand or somewhat speak and 648 learning speakers.

Gitxsan means "People of the river of mist", referring to the Skeena River.
Escúchame (Carlos Ponce song)
"Escúchame" (transl. "Listen to Me") is a song by Puerto Rican entertainer Carlos Ponce from his second studio album, Todo lo Que Soy (1999). The song was written and produced by Marco Flores. It was released as the album's lead single on August 16, 1999, by EMI Latin. A flamenco pop ballad, it features Ponce making a plea to a woman he loves. The song received positive reactions from music critics, who praised its melody and genre. Commercially, the song reached number one on the Billboard Hot Latin Songs and Latin Pop Airplay charts in the United States. The song's music video was filmed in Old San Juan in Puerto Rico and features the artist impressing a woman in a club. A Portuguese-language version of the song was released in Brazil, where it reached number one in several of its cities.

Todo lo Que Soy
Todo lo Que Soy (All I Am) is the second studio album released by Puerto Rican singer Carlos Ponce. At the 2000 Billboard Latin Music Awards, it was nominated for Pop Album of the Year by a Male Artist, but lost to Amarte Es un Placer by Luis Miguel.
Mele, Gornja Radgona
Mele (pronounced [mɛˈleː]; German: Kellerdorf) is a village immediately southeast of Gornja Radgona in northeastern Slovenia.

There is a small chapel-shrine in the settlement. It was built in the early 19th century. It has a pair of Tuscan columns on the front corners holding a pediment, painted at a later date when it was remodelled in a Neo-Gothic style with pointed windows and a small belfry on its steep roof.

Wayside shrine
A wayside shrine is a religious image, usually in some sort of small shelter, placed by a road or pathway, sometimes in a settlement or at a crossroads, but often in the middle of an empty stretch of country road, or at the top of a hill or mountain.  They have been a feature of many cultures, including Chinese folk religious communities, Catholic and Orthodox Europe and some Asian regions.
Indira Gandhi Paryavaran Puraskar
The Indira Gandhi Paryavaran Puraskar (Hindi: इंदिरा गांधी पर्यावरण पुरस्कार) is an environment award given for contributions in the field of environmental protection. The award was established in 1987 by the Ministry of Environment, Forests, and Climate Change, Government of India. A cash prize, silver lotus trophy, scroll, and a citation are included in the award. The selection of any organization or personality for the award is done by a committee headed by the Vice President of India. In 2008, the award was given to Isha Foundation of Tamil Nadu. This organization has a Guinness world record for planting more than eight lakh saplings in a single day.

Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) is an Indian government ministry. The ministry portfolio is currently held by Bhupender Yadav.

The ministry is responsible for planning, promoting, coordinating, and overseeing the implementation of environmental and forestry programmes in the country. The main activities undertaken by the ministry include conservation and survey of the flora of India and fauna of India, forests and other wilderness areas; prevention and control of pollution; Indian Himalayan Environment and its sustainable development; afforestation, and land degradation mitigation. It is responsible for the administration of the national parks of India.

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is the cadre controlling authority of the Indian Forest Service (IFS), one of the three All India Services.
DeRoI-class locomotive (Mitsubishi)
The Mitsubishi DeRoI-class (Japanese: デロイ) was a group of three boxcab-style electric locomotives with regenerative braking (type EL14AR) and the capability for multiple-unit control manufactured by Mitsubishi in 1946. They were very similar to the Toshiba-built DeRoI-class locomotives and the DeRoNi-class locomotives built by Hitachi. They were built for the Chosen Government Railway (Sentetsu), but the war ended before delivery took place. They were delivered to the Korean National Railroad after the partition of Korea, which designated them 데로3 ("Dero3"). During the Korean War all were captured by the Korean People's Army and taken to North Korea, where they were put into service by the Korean State Railway as the Chŏngisŏ (Korean: 전기서, "Electric 3") class.

Boxcab
A boxcab, in railroad terminology, is a term for a locomotive in which the machinery and crew areas were enclosed in a box-like superstructure. Deriving from "boxcar", the term mainly occurs in North America. The term has rarely been applied to diesel locomotives. It was also applied in Australia to Victorian Railways' "E" class second series electric locomotives.

The majority of boxcab locomotives were electric but they could also be diesel locomotives such as the case of the many AGEIR (Alco, General Electric, Ingersoll-Rand) boxcabs and British Rail Class 28, but as stated, the overwhelming majority of them were electric.

Most North American boxcabs were built a few years before and after 1930, the most prominent builders being Baldwin and Westinghouse, GE and Alco.
Alfortville Congress
The Alfortville Congress was the founding national congress of the French Socialist Party. It took place on 4 May 1969. The old French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) expanded to include Alain Savary's Union of Clubs for the Renewal of the Left (UCRG) and dissident from François Mitterrand's Convention of Republican Institutions (CIR).

Convention of Republican Institutions
The Convention of Republican Institutions (French: Convention des institutions républicaines, CIR) was a socialist, republican and anti-Gaullist party in France led by François Mitterrand. The CIR, founded in early June 1964, transformed from a loosely organized club to a formal political party by April 1965, a few months before the time of Mitterrand's candidacy in the 1965 election. Roughly at the same time, the CIR played an important role in the foundation of the Federation of the Democratic and Socialist Left (FGDS), which ended with the FGDS' landslide defeat to the Gaullists in the 1968 election. The CIR merged into the Socialist Party at the Epinay Congress in 1971.
Poly-clip System
Poly-clip System is a German family-owned company based in Hattersheim near Frankfurt am Main. Poly-clip System is the largest provider of clip closure systems worldwide and the world market leader and hidden champion in this sector of the food industry and packaging industry.

Packaging
Packaging is the science, art, and technology of enclosing or protecting products for distribution, storage, sale, and use. Packaging also refers to the process of designing, evaluating, and producing packages. Packaging can be described as a coordinated system of preparing goods for transport, warehousing, logistics, sale, and end use. Packaging contains, protects, preserves, transports, informs, and sells. In many countries it is fully integrated into government, business, institutional, industrial, and for personal use.

Package labeling (American English) or labelling (British English) is any written, electronic, or graphic communication on the package or on a separate but associated label. Many countries or regions have regulations governing the content of package labels. Merchandising, branding, and persuasive graphics are not covered in this article.
1864 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1864.

In these times of ours, though concerning the exact year there is no need to be precise...

—Opening of Our Mutual Friend

The Small House at Allington
The Small House at Allington is a novel by the English writer Anthony Trollope. It first appeared as a serial in the Cornhill Magazine, running from the July–December 1862 issue to the July–December issue of the following year. In 1864 it was published as an independent work in two volumes. It is the fifth book in the Chronicles of Barsetshire series, preceded by Framley Parsonage and followed by The Last Chronicle of Barset. It enjoyed a revival in popularity in the early 1990s when the British prime minister, John Major, declared it  his favourite book.
Trond Amundsen (biologist)
Trond Amundsen (born 7 February 1957) is a Norwegian biologist, and a professor of biology at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU). He specializes in ethology. He is a member of the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters. He has also been very active in disseminating knowledge about behavior, ecology and evolution to the general public, and in general public discourse on research, and in 2018 he was awarded NTNU's prize for research dissemination.

Ethology
Ethology is a branch of zoology that studies the behaviour of non-human animals. It has its scientific roots in the work of Charles Darwin and of American and German ornithologists of the late 19th and early 20th century, including Charles O. Whitman, Oskar Heinroth, and Wallace Craig. The modern discipline of ethology is generally considered to have begun during the 1930s with the work of the Dutch biologist Nikolaas Tinbergen and the Austrian biologists Konrad Lorenz and Karl von Frisch, the three winners of the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Ethology combines laboratory and field science, with a strong relation to neuroanatomy, ecology, and evolutionary biology.
Rayleigh's equation (fluid dynamics)
In fluid dynamics, Rayleigh's equation or Rayleigh stability equation is a linear ordinary differential equation to study the hydrodynamic stability of a parallel, incompressible and inviscid shear flow. The equation is:

with  the flow velocity of the steady base flow whose stability is to be studied and  is the cross-stream direction (i.e. perpendicular to the flow direction). Further  is the complex valued amplitude of the infinitesimal streamfunction perturbations applied to the base flow,  is the wavenumber of the perturbations and  is the phase speed with which the perturbations propagate in the flow direction. The prime denotes differentiation with respect to

Flow velocity
In continuum mechanics the flow velocity in fluid dynamics, also macroscopic velocity in statistical mechanics, or drift velocity in electromagnetism, is a vector field used to mathematically describe the motion of a continuum. The length of the flow velocity vector is scalar, the flow speed.
It is also called velocity field; when evaluated along a line, it is called a velocity profile (as in, e.g., law of the wall).
Jim Buckley
Jim Buckley (born 27 November 1959) is a former Australian rules footballer and coach who played in the Victorian Football League (VFL). Buckley is 175 cm tall and came from Kyneton.

Buckley debuted with the Carlton Football Club in 1976 and won the Robert Reynolds Trophy, Carlton's best and fairest award, in 1982. He was a premiership player in 1979, 1981 and 1982. In total, Buckley played 164 games for 146 goals between 1976 and 1990.

On 21 June 1983, when he was 23 years old, Buckley collided with a taxi, killing one of the occupants—passenger Peter Cunningham, a 42-year-old bookmaker's clerk—and injuring others. In April 1984, Buckley was acquitted of all charges despite recording a 0.18 blood alcohol content reading, more than double the legal limit at the time (and more than 3.5 times the current limit of 0.05).

Buckley's only son, Dylan, was recruited to Carlton under the father–son rule after the 2011 AFL season.

John Nicholls Medal
The John Nicholls Medal (formerly the Robert Reynolds Trophy from 1934 to 2003) is an Australian rules football award given to the player(s) adjudged best and fairest for the Carlton Football Club for the season. The voting system as of the 2017 AFL season, consists of four coaches giving each player a ranking from one to four after each match. Players can receive a maximum of 16 votes for a game.

John Nicholls was a champion ruckman who won the award five times from 1959 to 1967.
De-Luxe (album)
De-Luxe (デラックス, Derakkusu) is a studio album by Japanese singer/songwriter Yōko Oginome in collaboration with the Fuji TV children's variety show Ugo Ugo Lhuga (ウゴウゴ・ルーガ, Ugo Ugo Rūga). Released through Victor Entertainment on July 21, 1993, it was Oginome's first self-produced album and features the voices of Hidetō Tajima as Ugo Ugo-kun, Yuka Koide as Lhuga-chan, Ikuko Sakurai as Terebi-kun, and Oginome as Planet-chan. The album was reissued on May 26, 2010 with ten bonus tracks as part of Oginome's 25th anniversary celebration.

The album peaked at No. 35 on Oricon's albums chart and sold over 19,000 copies.

Victor Entertainment
Victor Entertainment, Inc. (ビクターエンタテインメント株式会社, Bikutā Entateinmento kabushiki-gaisha) is a subsidiary of JVCKenwood that produces and distributes music, movies and other entertainment products such as anime and television shows in Japan. It is known as JVC Entertainment in countries where Sony Music Entertainment operates the RCA Victor label.
Payukosap Lake
Payukosap Lake is a glacial lake above the confluence of Holt Lake and Mistik Creek, approximately 23 kilometres (14 mi) northeast of Bakers Narrows. As a segment of the Mistik Creek, it is part of the Nelson River watershed, in the Hudson Bay drainage basin in the Northern Region of Manitoba, Canada. The surrounding mixed deciduous and coniferous forest is part of the Churchill River Upland portion of the Midwestern Canadian Shield forests. The region around the lake consists of rocky parallel ridges with poorly drained areas of muskeg and irregular stony shorelines due to intense glaciation. The lake is situated on the well known "Mistik Creek Loop", a remote canoe route 80 kilometres (50 mi) in length which can be paddled in four days.

Payukosap means 'eleven' in Cree, as all of the fourteen lakes on Mistik Creek are named in numeric order in Cree.

Northern Manitoba
Northern Manitoba (also known as NorMan or Nor-Man) is a geographic and cultural region of the Canadian province of Manitoba. Manitoba originally encompassed only a small square around the Red River Colony, but it was extended north to the 60th parallel in 1912, thus acquiring a large northern region. The region's specific boundaries vary, as "northern" communities are considered to share certain social and geographic characteristics, regardless of latitude.