hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Villa di Marignolle
The Villa di Marignolle is a Medici villa in the hills between Galluzzo and Soffiano, in the south-western suburbs of the comune of Florence, Tuscany, central Italy. It passed into the hands of the Medici family after the Pucci Conspiracy, when it was confiscated from Lorenzo di Piero Ridolfi by Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany.: 103  Francesco passed it to his illegitimate son Antonio.: 13

It is one of the many villas of the Medici family of which Giusto Utens painted lunettes in the Villa di Artimino between 1599 and 1602.: 116  It is not one of the fourteen sites which, since 2013, together make up the UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Medici Villas and Gardens in Tuscany.

As of 2025, it remains a private residence.

Galluzzo
Galluzzo is part of quartiere 3 of the Italian city of Florence, Italy, located in the southern extremity of the Florentine commune. It is known for the celebrated Carthusian monastery, the Galluzzo or Florence Charterhouse (Certosa di Firenze or Certosa del Galluzzo), which was founded in 1342 by Niccolò Acciaioli.
Ash pug
The ash pug (Eupithecia innotata f. fraxinata, originally known by the binomial name Eupithecia fraxinata, but now believed to be a form of Eupithecia innotata) is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is widely distributed in the UK.

The forewings are generally dark brown or grey with few distinguishing marks apart from a small white tornal spot which may not be present on the frequent melanic forms. The wingspan is 18–24 mm. Two broods are produced each year with the adults flying in May and June and again in August. Moths of the spring brood are usually darker in colour than the later specimens.

The caterpillars feed on ash. The species overwinters as a pupa.

^  The flight season refers to the British Isles. This may vary in other parts of the range.

Fraxinus
Fraxinus (/ˈfræksɪnəs/), commonly called ash, is a genus of plants in the olive and lilac family, Oleaceae, and comprises 45–65 species of usually medium-to-large trees, most of which are deciduous (dropping their leaves in autumn), although some subtropical species are evergreen. The genus is widespread throughout much of Europe, Asia, and North America.

The leaves are usually opposite, and mostly pinnately compound (divided into leaflets in a feather-like arrangement). The seeds, known as "keys", are botanically fruits of the type called samara. Some species are dioecious, having male and female flowers on separate plants.

Ash wood is strong and elastic, and used for the handles of tools. Musical instrument makers use it for electric guitars and for drum shells. The Morgan Motor Company makes the frames of sports cars from ash wood. In Greek mythology, the Meliae were the nymphs of ash trees.
Horsehair
Horsehair is the long hair growing on the manes and tails of horses. It is used for various purposes, including: upholstery, brushes, the bows of musical instruments, a hard-wearing fabric called haircloth, and for horsehair plaster- a wallcovering material formerly used in the construction industry and now found only in older buildings.

The texture of horse hair varies from across the horse's body; mane hair is generally softer and shorter than rougher and longer tail hair. The texture of horsehair can be influenced by the breed and management of the horse, including natural conditions such as diet or climate. Processing may also affect quality and feel.

Horsehair is a protein fiber that absorbs water slowly, but can be dyed or colored effectively using traditional dyes suitable for protein fibers.  It can be felted, but not easily.

Hair
Hair is a protein filament that grows from follicles found in the dermis. Hair is one of the defining characteristics of mammals.
The human body, apart from areas of glabrous skin, is covered in follicles which produce thick terminal and fine vellus hair. Most common interest in hair is focused on hair growth, hair types, and hair care, but hair is also an important biomaterial primarily composed of protein, notably alpha-keratin.

Attitudes towards different forms of hair, such as hairstyles and hair removal, vary widely across different cultures and historical periods, but it is often used to indicate a person's personal beliefs or social position, such as their age, gender, or religion.
Družmirje
Družmirje (pronounced [dɾuˈʒmiːɾjɛ], German: Schmersdorf) is a settlement in the Municipality of Šoštanj in northern Slovenia. It lies just east of Šoštanj with much of its territory flooded after the collapse of abandoned shafts in the Šoštanj lignite mine. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Lignite
Lignite (from Latin  lignum 'wood'), often called brown coal, is a soft, brown, combustible sedimentary rock formed from naturally compressed peat. It has a carbon content around 25–35% and is considered the lowest rank of coal due to its relatively low heat content. When removed from the ground, it contains a very high amount of moisture, which partially explains its low carbon content. Lignite is mined all around the world and is used almost exclusively as a fuel for steam-electric power generation.

Lignite combustion produces less heat for the amount of carbon dioxide and sulfur released than other ranks of coal. As a result, lignite is the most harmful coal to human health. Depending on the source, various toxic heavy metals, including naturally occurring radioactive materials, may be present in lignite and left over in the coal fly ash produced from its combustion, further increasing health risks.
Kungerbil, New South Wales
Kungerbil Parish (Oxley County), New South Wales is a rural locality of Bogan Shire and a civil parish of Oxley County, New South Wales, a Cadastral divisions of New South Wales.

The parish is on the Main Western railway line just east of Nyngan. 
The economy of the parish is based on broad acre agriculture of sheep, cattle and wheat.
The topography is flat with a Köppen climate classification of BsK (Hot semi arid).

The traditional owners of the area are the Wiradjuri people.

Wiradjuri
The Wiradjuri people (Wiradjuri northern dialect pronunciation [wiraːjd̪uːraj]; Wiradjuri southern dialect pronunciation [wiraːjɟuːraj]) are a group of Aboriginal Australian people from central New South Wales, united by common descent through kinship and shared traditions. They survived as skilled hunter-fisher-gatherers, in family groups or clans, and many still use knowledge of hunting and gathering techniques as part of their customary life.

In the 21st century, major Wiradjuri groups live in Condobolin, Peak Hill, Narrandera and Griffith. There are significant populations at Wagga Wagga and Leeton and smaller groups at West Wyalong, Parkes, Dubbo, Forbes, Cootamundra, Darlington Point, Cowra and Young.
Patent office in Indonesia
In Indonesia, the Patent Office (Direktorat Jenderal Kekayaan Intelektual, "Directorate General of Intellectual Property") is a governmental agency overseeing intellectual property rights (HKI). A public body carrying out this function has existed since Dutch colonial times. Its name and organizational structure have changed several times since independence.

Proclamation of Indonesian Independence
The Proclamation of Indonesian Independence (Indonesian: Proklamasi Kemerdekaan Indonesia, or simply Proklamasi) was read at 10:00 Tokyo Standard Time on Friday, 17 August 1945 in Jakarta. The declaration marked the start of the diplomatic and armed resistance of the Indonesian National Revolution, fighting against the forces of the Netherlands and pro-Dutch civilians, until the latter officially acknowledged Indonesia's independence in 1949. The document was signed by Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta, who were appointed president and vice-president respectively the following day.

The date of the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence was made a public holiday by a government decree issued on 18 June 1946.
I Hate Hollywood
I Hate Hollywood is a Canadian television series, which premiered on CHCH and in syndication in May 2012. Hosted by Ed the Sock and Liana Kerzner and featuring co-writer Ron Sparks, the series is a satire of entertainment news shows such as Entertainment Tonight. The series was originally slated to premiere in 2010, but was delayed by financial difficulties.

Ron Sparks (comedian)
Ron Sparks (born May 20, 1977) is a Canadian comedian, actor, writer, and producer. He is known as an alternative comedian and frequent guest on CBC Radio's The Debaters, and on TV as a regular and favourite juror on MuchMusic's highest-rated show, Video on Trial, also starring as The Judge in the Stars on Trial Christmas special and various other VOT spin-offs.
Little River (Kentucky)
Little River is a 57.8-mile-long (93.0 km) river in Trigg County, Kentucky, in the United States. It rises in Christian County southwest of Hopkinsville where the two branches: North Fork and South Fork merge. From the confluence, it meanders northwesterly past Cadiz before emptying into Lake Barkley. It is a tributary of the Cumberland River and therefore, via the Ohio River, part of the Mississippi River watershed.

The surrounding region is low rolling hills and farmland. Bedrock consists of limestone, and there are numerous springs, caves and bluffs along the river's edge. The stream bed is composed mostly of clay and mud with some bedrock, gravel and limestone boulders.

The mean rate of flow is 765 cu ft/s (21.7 m3/s).

Trigg County, Kentucky
Trigg County is a county located on the far southwest border of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,061.  Its county seat is Cadiz. Formed in 1820, the county was named for Stephen Trigg, an officer in the American Revolutionary War who was killed at the Battle of Blue Licks, now in Robertson County, Kentucky. It was a victory for British and allied troops.

Following the Prohibition era, Trigg continued as a prohibition or dry county until 2009. That year the county's voters narrowly approved a referendum to repeal the prohibition on alcohol sales for off-premises consumption.

Trigg County is part of the Clarksville metropolitan area.
Philippe De Brouwer
Philippe J.S. De Brouwer (born 21 February 1969) is a European investment and banking professional as well as academician in finance and investing. As a scientist he is mostly known for his solution to the Fallacy of Large Numbers (formulated by Paul A Samuelson in 1963) and his formulation of the Maslowian Portfolio Theory in the field of investment advice (and annex theory Target Oriented Investment Advice).

He worked mainly in Belgium, Ireland and Poland, where he currently lives. He is associated to the University of Warsaw and has a collaboration with the Vlerick Business School, while working in risk management for a large banking corporation.

Coherent risk measure
In the fields of actuarial science and financial economics there are a number of ways that risk can be defined; to clarify the concept theoreticians have described a number of properties that a risk measure might or might not have. A coherent risk measure is a function that satisfies properties of monotonicity, sub-additivity, homogeneity, and translational invariance.
Mizo literature
Mizo literature is the literature written in Mizo ṭawng, the principal language of the Mizo peoples, which has both written and oral traditions. It has undergone a considerable change in the 20th century. The language developed mainly from the Lushai language, with significant influence from Pawi language, Paite language and Hmar language, especially at the literary level.

Paite language
Paite is a Sino-Tibetan language belonging to the northeastern sub-branch of Kuki-Chin branch. It is spoken by the Paite people in India and Tedim Chins in Myanmar. There are different Paite dialects; some notable Paite dialects are Bukpi, Lousau, Valpau, Dapzal, Tuichiap, Sukte, Dim, Lamzang and Sihzang. The language exhibits mutual intelligibility with the other languages of the region including Thadou, Hmar, Vaiphei, Simte, Kom, Gangte and other languages.
Kwan Queenie Li
Kwan Queenie Li is a Hong Kong artist, researcher, and spatial theorist. Her interdisciplinary practice combines visual arts, architecture, and global studies to examine eco-techno theories, such as the intersection of spontaneous vegetation and the "porosity" of modern urban environments.

Li is best known for her research into "Weed Theory," which posits that ruderal plants act as biological registers for socio-political shifts in high-density cities. Her work on non-human agency in urban planning has been exhibited at the Hong Kong Pavilion in the 17th Venice Architecture Biennale, and awarded the Harold and Arlene Schnitzer Prize in the Visual Arts. In 2025, her monograph Weeds: A Germinating Theory was published by the London-based independent art publisher MACK.

Global studies
Global Studies (GS) or global affairs (GA) is the interdisciplinary study of global macro-processes. Predominant subjects are political science in the form of global politics, as well as economics, law, the sociology of law, ecology, environmental studies, geography, sociology, culture, anthropology and ethnography. It distinguishes itself from the related discipline of international relations by its comparatively lesser focus on the nation state as a fundamental analytical unit, instead focusing on the broader issues relating to cultural and economic globalisation, global power structures, as well of the effect of humans on the global environment.
Remembering the Kanji
Remembering the Kanji is a series of three volumes by James Heisig, intended to teach the 3,000 most frequent Kanji to students of the Japanese language. The series is available in English, French, German, Dutch, Spanish, Polish, Portuguese, Hungarian, Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew. There is a supplementary book, Remembering the Kana, which teaches the Japanese syllabaries (hiragana and katakana). Remembering the Hanzi, by the same author, is intended to teach the 3,000 most frequent Hanzi to students of the Chinese language. This book has two variants: Remembering Simplified Hanzi and Remembering Traditional Hanzi, each in two volumes.

Chinese character radicals
A radical (Chinese: 部首; pinyin: bùshǒu; lit. 'section header'), or indexing component, is a visually prominent component of a Chinese character under which the character is traditionally listed in a Chinese dictionary. The radical for a character is typically a semantic component, but it can also be another structural component or an artificially extracted portion of the character. In some cases, the original semantic or phonological connection has become obscure, owing to changes in the meaning or pronunciation of the character over time.

The use of the English term radical is based on an analogy between the structure of Chinese characters and the inflection of words in European languages. Radicals are also sometimes called classifiers, but this name is more commonly applied to the grammatical measure words in Chinese.
2019 Liuzhou Open – Men's doubles
Gong Maoxin and Zhang Ze were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Mikhail Elgin and Denis Istomin won the title after defeating Nam Ji-sung and Song Min-kyu 3–6, 6–4, [10–6] in the final.

Denis Istomin
Denis Olegovich Istomin (born 7 September 1986) is a former Uzbekistani professional tennis player. He reached a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 33, achieved on 13 August 2012 and a best doubles ranking of No. 59, reached on 8 October 2012. His most notable result is defeating second seed and defending champion Novak Djokovic at the 2017 Australian Open.

Istomin won two ATP Tour singles titles, at the 2015 Nottingham Open and 2017 Chengdu Open.
St Peter's Church, Wolfhampcote
St Peter's Church is a redundant Anglican church standing in an isolated position in the civil parish of Wolfhampcote, Warwickshire, England (grid reference SP529653). Since 1960 the church and its attached mausoleum have been recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building, and are now under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.  The church stands in a field which contains a number of mounds.  These are partly the remains of the medieval village initially served by the church, which has been deserted village for centuries, partly from disused canal workings, and partly from the remains of a redundant railway line.

Abandoned village
An abandoned village is a village that has, for some reason, been deserted. In many countries, and throughout history, thousands of villages have been deserted for a variety of causes. Abandonment of villages is often related to epidemic, famine, war, climate change, economic depressions, environmental destruction, or deliberate clearances.
Kumon
Kumon Institute of Education Co. Ltd. (株式会社公文教育研究会, Kabushiki gaisha Kumon Kyōiku Kenkyūkai) is an educational network based in Japan and created by Toru Kumon. It uses his "Kumon Method" to teach mathematics and reading, primarily to young students.

Reading
Reading is the process of taking in the sense or meaning of symbols, often specifically those of a written language, by means of sight or touch.

For educators and researchers, reading is a multifaceted process involving such areas as word recognition, orthography (spelling), punctuation, alphabetics, phonics, phonemic awareness, vocabulary, comprehension, fluency, and motivation.

Other types of reading and writing, such as pictograms (e.g., a hazard symbol or an emoji), are not based on speech-based writing systems. The common link is the interpretation of symbols to extract the meaning from the visual notations or tactile signals (e.g., braille).

There is a growing body of evidence which illustrates the importance of reading for pleasure for both educational purposes as well as personal development.
Japanese destroyer Akatsuki
Three destroyers of the Imperial Japanese Navy have been named Akatsuki (暁, ”dawn” or "daybreak"):

Japanese destroyer Akatsuki (1901), lead ship of the Akatsuki-class destroyers of the Imperial Japanese Navy commissioned in 1903 and sunk in May 1904 during the Russo-Japanese War

Russian destroyer Reshitel‘nyi, an Imperial Russian Navy Sokol-class destroyer captured by the Japanese in August 1904 during the Russo-Japanese War which subsequently served in the Imperial Japanese Navy as Akatsuki from 1904 to 1905 and as Yamabiko (also transliterated as Yamahiko) from 1905 to 1917

Japanese destroyer Akatsuki (1932), a Fubuki-class destroyer or lead ship of the Akatsuki-class destroyers of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II

Akatsuki-class destroyer (1931)
The Akatsuki-class destroyer (暁型駆逐艦, Akatsuki-gata kuchikukan) was a class of four destroyers of the Imperial Japanese Navy.  According to most sources, they are regarded as a sub-class of the Fubuki class, partly because the Imperial Japanese Navy itself kept the improvements made a secret, and did not officially designate these four destroyers as a separate class.
G.S. Lavrio B.C.
G.S. Lavrio B.C. (Greek: Γ.Σ. Λαυρίου K.A.E.), commonly known as simply Lavrio B.C., and also known for sponsorship reasons as Lavrio Megabolt and Lavrio Aegean Cargo, is a Greek professional basketball club that is based in Lavrio, Attica, Greece. The club's full name is Gymnastikos Syllogos Lavrio Basketball Club. The club's current logo is an owl, which symbolizes the ancient Athenian coins, which were made of metals from Lavrio's mines. The team currently plays in the Greek Elite League, the second-tier level basketball league in Greece, and also recently competed in the secondary level European-wide league, the FIBA Champions League.

Owl of Athena
In Greek mythology, a little owl (Athene noctua) traditionally represents or accompanies Athena, the virgin goddess of wisdom, or Minerva, her syncretic incarnation in Roman mythology. Because of such association, the bird—often referred to as the "owl of Athena" or the "owl of Minerva"—has been used as a symbol of knowledge, wisdom, perspicacity and erudition throughout the  Western world.
Patrick J. Scott
Patrick J. Scott (December 25, 1848 – October 22, 1899) was a lawyer and political figure in Newfoundland. He represented St. John's West in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly from 1872 to 1882, from 1885 to 1889 and from 1894 to 1897.

He was born in St. John's and educated at Saint Bonaventure's College. He studied law with George James Hogsett and John Little and was admitted to the Newfoundland bar in 1874. Scott married Eleanor Margaret Little, the sister of Joseph Ignatius Little, in 1882. He was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1889 and in 1893 and in an 1890 by-election in St. John's East. He was elected again in an 1894 by-election held after several Liberals elected in 1893 were forced to resign. Scott was named to the Executive Council as receiver general in 1894. He was defeated when he chose to run in Placentia and St. Mary's in the 1897 general election. He died in St. John's of heart failure at the age of 50.

1897 Newfoundland general election
The 1897 Newfoundland general election was held on October 28, 1897 to elect members of the 18th General Assembly of Newfoundland. The Conservative Party led by James Spearman Winter formed the government. On February 15, 1900, the government was defeated following a vote on a motion of no confidence which was supported by the Liberals and several Tories.
Les Huguenots
Les Huguenots (French pronunciation: [le ˈyg(ə)no]) is an opera by Giacomo Meyerbeer and is one of the most popular and spectacular examples of grand opera. In five acts, to a libretto by Eugène Scribe and Émile Deschamps, it premiered in Paris on 29 February 1836.

Touraine
Touraine (US: /tuˈreɪn, tuˈrɛn/; French: [tuʁɛn] ⓘ) is one of the traditional provinces of France. Its capital was Tours. During the political reorganization of French territory in 1790, Touraine formed the bulk of the Indre-et-Loire department as well as parts of the new departments of Loir-et-Cher, Indre and Vienne.
Conference of Addis Ababa
The Conference of Addis Ababa was a meeting of the Oriental Orthodox Churches in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from 15–21 January 1965. Hosted nominally by Abuna Basilios (head of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church), but effectively by Abuna Theophilos, this meeting was momentous as there had been no such collective meeting of the various non-Chalcedonian churches since the 5th century at Ephesus. The meeting was attended by Pope Cyril VI (head of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria), Mor Ignatius Yaq'ub III (head of the Syriac Orthodox Church), Vazgen I (head of the Armenian Apostolic Church), Khoren I (head of the Armenian Catholicosate of Cilicia), and Mar Baselios Augen I (head of the then Orthodox Syrian Church in India which now consists of Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church and Jacobite Syrian Christian Church).

Holy See of Cilicia
The Armenian Catholicosate of the Great House of Cilicia (Armenian: Կաթողիկոսութիւն Հայոց Մեծի Տանն Կիլիկիոյ) is an autocephalous Oriental Orthodox church. Since 1930, the Catholicosate of the Great House of Cilicia has been headquartered in Antelias, Lebanon. Aram I is the Catholicos of Cilicia since 1995.
Pir Shah Jurio
Pir Shah Jurio is an Indus Valley civilization archaeological site located in Sindh, Pakistan. It was discovered by Abdur Rauf Khan. The site is situated at the mouth of Hub river in Karachi district and probably served as an important port.

Karachi South District
Karachi District (formerly Karachi South District) (Urdu: ضلع کراچی) is an administrative district of Karachi Division in Sindh, Pakistan, created in 1972. Karachi District had a population of 2,329,764 (2.3 million) as of the 2023 Pakistani census.

In 2023, the Government of Sindh renamed Karachi South District simply to Karachi District because all divisional administration is located there.