hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ait Irane
Aït Irane (Taqbaylit: French pronunciation: [ath yir'en]), ath yirane (in Kabyle) ⴰⵉⵜ ⵉⵔⴰⵏⴻ in Tifinagh, means izmawen, is one of the villages of the Aït Bouadou commune, also called Ath Vouvaddou or Beni Bouaddou. Aït Bouadou is a commune of the Ouadhia District (daïra) which is a Tizi Ouzou Province (wilaya) in the Kabylie region of Algeria.

Wilayah
A wilayah (Arabic: وَلاية, romanized: walāya or wilāya, plural wilāyat, wilayat; Urdu, Pashto and Persian: ولایت, romanized: velâyat, welāyat; Turkish: vilayet) is an administrative division, usually translated as "state", "province" or occasionally as "governorate". The word comes from the Arabic root "w-l-y", "to govern": a wāli—"governor"—governs a wālāya (or wilāya), "that which is governed". Under the Caliphate, the term referred to any constituent near-sovereign state.
Ontario Medal for Good Citizenship
The Queen Elizabeth II Ontario Medal for Good Citizenship is a provincial decoration awarded in the Canadian province of Ontario. The province's second-highest honour (ranking immediately beneath the Order of Ontario), it recognizes individuals whose extraordinary volunteer efforts have fostered positive change and left a lasting impact upon their communities and the province.

Recipients of the decoration are entitled to use the post-nominal letters OMC.

Post-nominal letters
Post-nominal letters, also called post-nominal initials, post-nominal titles, designatory letters, or simply post-nominals, are letters placed after a person's name to indicate that the individual holds a position, an academic degree, accreditation, an office, a military decoration, or honour, or is a member of a religious institute or fraternity. An individual may use several different sets of post-nominal letters, but in some contexts it may be customary to limit the number of sets to one or just a few. The order in which post-nominals are listed after a name is based on rules of precedence and what is appropriate for a given situation. Post-nominal letters are one of the main types of name suffix. In contrast, pre-nominal letters precede the name rather than follow it, such as addressing a physician or professor as "Dr. Smith".
Acanfora
Acanfora is a surname of Italian origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Giovanni Acanfora (1884–1976), Italian banker

Joe Acanfora (born 1950), American educator and activist

Renato Acanfora (born 1957), Italian football player

Giovanni Acanfora
Giovanni Acanfora (Castellammare di Stabia, 7 April 1884 – 8 March 1976) was an Italian banker and civil servant, who served as Minister of Exchanges and Currencies of the Kingdom of Italy of the Badoglio I Cabinet, the first after the fall of the Fascist regime, and as Director-General of the Bank of Italy.
Ardler railway station
Ardler railway station served the village of Ardler in the Scottish county of Perth and Kinross. Its proximity to Alyth Junction made it part of the divergence of the Dundee and Newtyle Railway from the Scottish Midland Junction Railway running between Perth and Arbroath.

Perth and Kinross
Perth and Kinross (Scots: Pairth an Kinross; Scottish Gaelic: Peairt agus Ceann Rois) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area. It is bordered by Highland and Aberdeenshire to the north, Angus, Dundee, and Fife to the east, Clackmannanshire to the south, and Stirling and Argyll and Bute to the west.

Geographically the area is split by the Highland Boundary Fault into a more mountainous northern part and a flatter southern part. The northern area is a popular tourist spot, while agriculture makes an important contribution to the southern part of the area.

The area is run by Perth and Kinross Council, which is based in Perth.
John Avalos
John Avalos (born March 11, 1964) is an American politician. He served two terms as a member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors from 2008 to 2016. Avalos represented District 11 in San Francisco, consisting of the Crocker-Amazon, Excelsior, Ingleside, Oceanview, and Outer Mission districts. Avalos was elected on November 4, 2008, in the 2008 San Francisco election and took office on January 8, 2009. He was re-elected in the 2012 San Francisco election with 94 percent of the vote, and termed out of office in January 2017.

Crocker-Amazon, San Francisco
Crocker-Amazon is a neighborhood in San Francisco that borders the Excelsior District.  Crocker-Amazon covers the area south of Mission Street and Geneva Avenue, extending toward suburban Daly City. The neighborhood is adjacent to Crocker-Amazon Park, named after the Charles Crocker land holdings that once made up the area, and Amazon Avenue in the Excelsior. The winding streets of the neighborhood straddle the border between San Francisco and Daly City and largely blend in with the adjacent Daly City neighborhoods of Crocker and Southern Hills.
Jazairi
Jazairi (and its variant Al Jazairi) is an Arabic origin surname referring to people from Algeria. Notable people with the surname include:

Abd El Razzaq Al-Jazaïri, Algerian scientist

Abu Bakr al-Jazaeri (1921–2018), Algerian scholar

Mufid Mohammad Jawad al-Jazairi (born 1939), Iraqi politician

Sabah Jazairi, Syrian actress

Abu Sulayman Al-Jazairi (died 2008), Algerian Al Qaeda militant

Tahir al-Jazairi (1852–1920), Syrian scholar and educator

Sabah Jazairi
Sabah Jazairi (Arabic: صباح جزائري) is a veteran Syrian actress who has appeared in numerous drama and television series, comedy shorts, and theatrical plays, including "Al Ababid", "Aa'id ila Haifa" (Returning to Haifa) and Bab Al-Hara (The Alley's Gate). Nicknamed "The Cinderella of the Syrian Screen", Jazairi's long career has spanned over five decades and she has performed in over 80 television series. Throughout her long and illustrious career she has been the recipient of many awards.
History of Snow Hill
History of Snow Hill is a mural in Birmingham, England about Birmingham Snow Hill station.

The original mural was set up in St Chad's Queensway, Birmingham by Kenneth Budd and associates to celebrate the history of Snow Hill station, which was closed in 1972. The mural was destroyed in 2007. In 2013, Kenneth Budd's son Oliver Budd remade the mural in miniature, in Colmore Circus, near the top of Colmore Row. Snow Hill station was revived in the mid-1980s, with a new rebuilt station opening in 1987. The mural contains two plaques which give the history of the Great Western Railway between London Paddington and Snow Hill station, as well as the history of the murals themselves.

Colmore Row
Colmore Row is a street in Birmingham City Centre in the centre of Birmingham, England, running from Victoria Square to just beyond Snow Hill station. It is traditionally the city's most prestigious business address.

Colmore Row and its environs were designated a conservation area in 1971, which was extended twice in 1985. Colmore Row itself has 23 listed buildings, two listed at Grade I and two at Grade II*.
Mário Juliato
Mário Juliato (born May 21, 1944) is a Brazilian former football player and coach.

He started his professional career at Ponte Preta as a center back, but prematurely ended his career because of a seriously injured knee when he was 22. Then he started his managerial career working in youth teams of Ponte Preta. Later, Juliato managed São Paulo, Coritiba, Náutico, Portuguesa, Vitória, Fortaleza, Santa Cruz, Goiás, Ceará, Internacional, Maringá and CSA.

Associação Atlética Ponte Preta
Associação Atlética Ponte Preta (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [asosjaˈsɐ̃w aˈtlɛtʃikɐ ˈpõtʃi ˈpɾetɐ]), commonly referred to as Ponte Preta or just Ponte, is a Brazilian association football club based in Campinas, São Paulo state. Ponte currently plays in the Série C, the third tier of Brazilian football, as well as in the Campeonato Paulista Série A1, the top tier of the São Paulo state football league.

Founded on August 11, 1900, Ponte Preta is the second-oldest football club established in Brazil still in activity, with the oldest being Sport Club Rio Grande in Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul. They are also one of the first to use black players, leading to their nickname Macaca (lit. [female] monkey).

Ponte's biggest rival is Guarani. Matches involving the two clubs, falling under the name Derby Campineiro and first played on March 24, 1912, are usually preceded by days of provocations and sometimes fights in Campinas.
Pregeometry (model theory)
Pregeometry, and in full combinatorial pregeometry, are essentially synonyms for "matroid". They were introduced by Gian-Carlo Rota with the intention of providing a less "ineffably cacophonous" alternative term.  Also, the term combinatorial geometry, sometimes abbreviated to geometry, was intended to replace "simple matroid".  These terms are now infrequently used in the study of matroids.

It turns out that many fundamental concepts of linear algebra – closure, independence, subspace, basis, dimension – are available in the general framework of pregeometries.

In the branch of mathematical logic called model theory, infinite finitary matroids, there called "pregeometries" (and "geometries" if they are simple matroids), are used in the discussion of independence phenomena. The study of how pregeometries, geometries, and abstract closure operators influence the structure of first-order models is called geometric stability theory.

Closure operator
In mathematics, a closure operator on a set S is a function  from the power set of S to itself that satisfies the following conditions for all sets

Closure operators are determined by their closed sets, i.e., by the sets of the form cl(X), since the closure cl(X) of a set X is the smallest closed set containing X. Such families of "closed sets" are sometimes called closure systems or "Moore families". A set together with a closure operator on it is sometimes called a closure space. Closure operators are also called "hull operators", which prevents confusion with the "closure operators" studied in topology.
Chungju Hummel FC
Chungju Hummel Football Club (Korean: 충주 험멜 FC) was a South Korean professional football club based in the city of Chungju in the Chungcheongbuk-do province. The club was based in Icheon from 2006 to 2007, and prior to that in Uijeongbu. Chungju Hummel played in the K League between 2013 and 2016, but was dissolved after the 2016 season.

K League
K League (Korean: K리그) is South Korea's professional football league. It includes the first division K League 1 and the second division K League 2. Clubs competing in the K League have won a record total of twelve AFC Champions League titles, the top continental competition for Asian clubs.
Pałki, Łódź Voivodeship
Pałki [ˈpau̯ki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zadzim, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) north-west of Zadzim, 15 km (9 mi) south-west of Poddębice, and 44 km (27 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Poddębice
Poddębice [pɔdːɛmˈbʲit͡sɛ] is a town in central Poland, in Łódź Voivodeship. It is the capital of Poddębice County. It lies approximately 40 km (25 mi) northwest of Łódź. Population is 7,245 (2020). It is located within the historic Łęczyca Land.
Oromia Supreme Court
9°02′40″N 8°45′50″E﻿ / ﻿9.04436319072524°N 8.763870707935645°E﻿ / 9.04436319072524; 8.763870707935645
The Oromia Supreme Court is the Ethiopian Federal Supreme Court department based in Oromia Region. Under Proclamation No 46/2001, Article 65(1–2), the Supreme Court alongside other regional counterparts should obligated to the Federal and regional government of Ethiopia, and judges can be appointed by the Regional Judicial Commission and the nominees submitted to Regional Council for appointment by the President of the Supreme Court.

The most problematic issues during judges nomination in this Supreme Court has been identified with the judge interrelation with legislative and executive organs that has been political affiliated, while the judiciary completely must remain independent to government subjects. Its office is located in Addis Ababa.

Federal Supreme Court of Ethiopia
The Federal Supreme Court of Ethiopia (Amharic:  የኢትዮጵያ ፌድራል ጠቅላይ ፍርድ ቤት) is the highest court in Ethiopia. It was established by the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia constitution in 1994 and is currently located in Addis Ababa. Article 78 of the Constitution establishes the judiciary and at the top is the FSC. By the Constitution, the Federal Supreme Court has "the power of cassation over any final court decision containing a basic error of law". In 2018, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed appointed Meaza Ashenafi to be the first female president of the Federal Supreme Court. Solomon Areda Waktolla was appointed as Vice President of the Federal Supreme Court. Both were resigned by the Parliament on 17 January 2023, and replaced by Tewodros Mihret and Abeba Embiale as Chief Justice and Deputy Chief Justice of the Supreme Court respectively.
Buckland County
Buckland County is one of the 141 cadastral divisions of New South Wales. It is situated between a small part of the Namoi River in the north to the Liverpool Range in the south. The Mooki River is the boundary to the west. It includes Quirindi.

Buckland County was proclaimed as a county on December 30, 1848 as one of 15 counties then proclaimed Description:-'County of Buckland, containing about 1,484 square miles (3,840 km2). Whilst no official record of naming of the county has been found and there can be no certainty as to the person after whom it was named it is considered possible that the county was named in honour of the Reverend Dr. Buckland.

Namoi River
The Namoi River, a major perennial river that is part of the Barwon catchment of the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the Northern Tablelands and North West Slopes districts of New South Wales, Australia.

The Namoi River rises on the western slopes of the Moonbi Range and Great Dividing Range, near Niangala, at the convergence of the Macdonald River and Boundary Creek, and flows generally west, joined by twenty-seven tributaries, including the Peel, Manilla and Mooki rivers, before reaching its confluence with the Barwon River, near Walgett.

The Namoi River descends 578 metres (1,896 ft) over its 708 kilometres (440 mi) course; passing near the towns of Gunnedah, Boggabri, Narrabri, Wee Waa and Walgett. The flow of the river is impounded by Lake Keepit and Baraneal Lagoon.
Gualdi
Gualdi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abbe Gualdi, pseudonym of Gregorio Leti (1630–1701), Italian historian and satirist

Domenico Gualdi (born 1974), Italian former professional racing cyclist

Giovanni Gualdi (born 1979), former Italian male long-distance runner

Mirco Gualdi (born 1968), Italian former professional racing cyclist

Nana Gualdi (1932–2007), German singer and actress

Pietro Gualdi, aka Pedro Gualdi (1808–1857), Italian-born artist, panorama painter, architect and lithographer active in Mexico City

Pietro Gualdi Lodrini (1716–circa 1784), Italian painter

Giovanni Gualdi
Giovanni Gualdi (born 25 November 1979) is a former Italian male long-distance runner who competed at three editions of the IAAF World Cross Country Championships at senior level (2000, 2005, 2006). He won one national championships at senior level (marathon: 2011).
Pettigrew School
The former Pettigrew School, now the Pettigrew Community Building is a historic school building in the small community of Pettigrew, Arkansas.  It is located off County Road 3205, just across the White River from Arkansas Highway 16.  It is a single-story wood-frame structure, with a metal hip roof and weatherboard siding.  An entry section projects from the center of front facade, topped by a gable roof and small belfry.  The building is thought to have been built between 1908 and 1915, and was used as a school until 1963, when the area was consolidated into a larger school district.  It has served as a community hall since then.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

Pettigrew, Arkansas
Pettigrew is an unincorporated community in Madison County, Arkansas, United States. Pettigrew is located on Arkansas Highway 16, 6.5 miles (10.5 km) east of St. Paul and three miles southwest of Boston. The community is in the Boston Mountains along the banks of the headwaters of the White River. Pettigrew has a post office with ZIP code 72752.
CD-ROM Today
CD-ROM Today was an American magazine targeted at computer users. Published from 1993 to 1996 by Imagine Publishing (now Future US), the magazine was initially issued once every other month, before becoming a monthly. Each issue included software and hardware reviews, as well as a CD containing fonts, video and text files, system updaters, freeware and shareware and demo versions of commercial software. Products were included for both Macintosh and Windows PC.

CD-ROM Today was the highest-selling review magazine for both Macintosh and PC users in 1996. In 1996, after four seasonal and 25 numbered issues, the magazine was discontinued, with two newer publications replacing it: MacAddict for Macintosh users, and boot for Windows users. Both magazines were first issued in August 1996 and have since been renamed MacLife and Maximum PC, respectively.

Freeware
Freeware is software, often proprietary, that is distributed at no monetary cost to the end user. There is no agreed-upon set of rights, license, or EULA that defines freeware unambiguously; every publisher defines its own rules for the freeware it offers. For instance, modification, redistribution by third parties, and reverse engineering are permitted by some publishers but prohibited by others. Unlike with free and open-source software, which are also often distributed free of charge, the source code for freeware is typically not made available. Freeware may be intended to benefit its producer by, for example, encouraging sales of a more capable version, as in the freemium and shareware business models; or by collecting and selling user's personal data.
Gregers Joensen
Gregers Joensen (December 14, 1835 – June 12, 1897), also known as Grækaris Joensen, was a Faroese teacher and politician.

Joensen was born in Eiði. He received a teaching degree in 1871 and was the first person to graduate from the Faroese Teachers School. He worked as a teacher in Eiði until his death in 1897. Joensen represented Eysturoy in the Faroese Parliament from 1875 to 1887, and again from 1895 until his death. At the same time, he served as the first mayor of the Municipality of Eiði from 1894 to 1897.

1887 Faroese general election
Partial general elections were held in the Faroe Islands in 1887 to elect nine of the eighteen elected members of the Løgting. The Danish administrator (Amtmaður) and the local dean (Próstur) were also members, with the administrator serving as the speaker.
Ahmad Hakimipour
Ahmad Hakimipour (Persian: ‌‌احمد حکیمی‌پور; born 1963) is an Iranian reformist politician and former militant.

Hakimipour was born in Zanjan. He was a member of the 4th Islamic Consultative Assembly from the electorate of electoral district of Zanjan and Tarom and member of Islamic City Council of Tehran for first and fourth terms.

Islamic Consultative Assembly
The Islamic Consultative Assembly of Iran (Persian: مجلس شورای اسلامی ایران, romanized: Majles-e Shurâ-ye Eslâmi Iran), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majles (Arabicised spelling Majlis) or ICA, is the unicameral national legislative body of Iran. The parliament currently consists of 290 representatives, an increase from the previous 270 seats since the 18 February 2000 election.
Vera Galushka-Duyunova
Vera Galushka-Duyunova (April 11, 1945 – March 2, 2012) was a Soviet volleyball player in 1966–74. She was a major player to help Soviet Union women's national volleyball team to dominate the World in late 1960s to early 1970s by winning 1968 Mexico City Olympic Games, 1970 FIVB Women's World Championship, 1972 Munich Olympic Games and 1973 FIVB Women's World Cup in row. She played for Spartak Tashkent.

1973 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Cup
The 1973 FIVB Women's World Cup was held on 19–28 October 1973 in Uruguay. It was the first edition of the tournament and is the only edition of the tournament to have been hosted by a country other than Japan.
Kameshkovo, Vladimir Oblast
Kameshkovo (Russian: Ка́мешково) is a town and the administrative center of Kameshkovsky District in Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located 41 kilometers (25 mi) northeast of Vladimir, the administrative center of the oblast. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 12,028.

Vladimir Oblast
Vladimir Oblast (Russian: Влади́мирская о́бласть, romanized: Vladimirskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Vladimir, which is located 190 kilometers (120 mi) east of Moscow. As of the 2010 Census, the oblast's population was 1,443,693.

The UNESCO World Heritage List includes the 12th-century cathedrals of Vladimir, Suzdal, Bogolyubovo, and Kideksha.
No. 91 Group RAF
No. 91 Group RAF is a former Royal Air Force group.

The group was formed on 11 May 1942, at Abingdon as No. 91 (Operational Training) Group RAF in RAF Bomber Command, it was previously No. 6 Group RAF. Within a matter of weeks it was called upon to provide over 200 aircraft and crews for Operation Millenium, the first 1,000 bomber raid, launched against Cologne on the night of 30/31 May 1942.

On 14 April 1947, the Group moved to Morton Hall, Swinderby and was amalgamated with and renamed No. 21 Group RAF on 1 May 1947.

Wellesbourne Mountford Airfield
Wellesbourne Mountford Airfield (ICAO: EGBW) is located in Wellesbourne, Warwickshire, England, 3.9 miles (6.3 km) east of Stratford-upon-Avon. The airfield was formerly the Royal Air Force station RAF Wellesbourne Mountford.

Wellesbourne Mountford is best known for its role in the Second World War, when it was under control by RAF Bomber Command as an Operational Training Unit training crews from within the commonwealth and other countries.

Today the airfield has a CAA Ordinary Licence (Number P681) that allows flights for the public transport of passengers or for flying instruction as authorised by the licensee (Radarmoor Limited). It is primarily a general aviation (GA) airfield. Wellesbourne Mountford is also home to Avro Vulcan XM655, which is kept in taxiable condition.