hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hatakeyama Shigetada
Hatakeyama Shigetada (畠山 重忠; 1164– 20 July 1205) was a samurai warlord of the late Heian and early Kamakura period Japan. He fought in the Genpei War, though originally for the Taira clan, he switched sides to the Minamoto clan for the Battle of Dan-no-ura, and ended the war on the winning side.

His Dharma name was Jissan Shūshin Daikoji (實山宗眞大居士).

The Tale of the Heike
The Tale of the Heike (平家物語, Heike Monogatari) is an epic account compiled prior to 1330 of the struggle between the Taira clan and Minamoto clan for control of Japan at the end of the 12th century in the Genpei War (1180–1185).

It has been translated into English at least five times. The first translation was by Arthur Lindsay Sadler, in 1918–1921. A complete translation in nearly 800 pages by Hiroshi Kitagawa & Bruce T. Tsuchida was published in 1975. It was also translated by Helen McCullough in 1988. An abridged translation by Burton Watson was published in 2006.  In 2012, Royall Tyler completed his translation, which, he says, seeks to be mindful of the performance style for which the work was originally intended.

Historical novelist Eiji Yoshikawa published a prose rendering in the Asahi Weekly in 1950, under the title New Tale of the Heike (Shin Heike Monogatari).
ISE Corporation
ISE Corporation ("International Space Enterprises", later "Innovative Solutions for Energy") was a manufacturer and integrator of heavy-duty hybrid electric powertrain systems for transit bus and truck use, based in San Diego and later Poway, California. ISE was founded in 1995 and filed for bankruptcy in 2010, shortly after raising $20 million in its initial public offering on the Toronto Stock Exchange.

Transit bus
A transit bus (also big bus, commuter bus, city bus, town bus, urban bus, stage bus, public bus,  public transit bus, or simply bus) is a type of bus used in public transport bus services.  Several configurations are used, including low-floor buses, high-floor buses, double-decker buses, articulated buses and midibuses.

These are distinct from all-seated coaches used for intercity travel and smaller minibuses, for more flexible services.
Minoo Merwan Engineer
Air Marshal Minoo Merwan Engineer, PVSM, MVC, DFC (1 December 1921 – 31 December 1997) was a former Air Officer in the Indian Air Force. He is one of the most decorated officers in the Indian Air Force, with the third-highest civil decoration - the Padma Bhushan, two gallantry awards - the Maha Vir Chakra and the Distinguished Flying Cross, and the highest peace-time distinguished service award - the Param Vishisht Seva Medal.

His elder brother, Air Marshal Aspy Engineer served as the 4th Chief of the Air Staff.

Air officer
An air officer is an air force officer of the rank of air commodore or higher. Such officers may be termed "officers of air rank". While the term originated in the Royal Air Force, air officers are also to be found in many Commonwealth nations who have a similar rank structure to the RAF.

Air officers holding command appointments receive the title Air Officer Commanding (AOC), whereas air officers holding commander-in-chief positions are titled as Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief (AOC-in-C).
Stuart Williamson
Stuart Williamson (born 1948, England) is a sculptor, teacher of sculpture and poet from North East England. He is a Fellow of the Royal British Society of Sculptors, a Member of the Society of Portrait Sculptors (UK), a Member of the National Sculpture Society (USA), and a Founding Member of the Portrait Sculptures Society of America. He is also a Member of the Salmagundi Club in Manhattan and was featured in their American Masters show in 2015.

Royal Society of Sculptors
The Royal Society of Sculptors (RSS) is a British charity established in 1905, which promotes excellence in the art and practice of sculpture. Its headquarters are a centre for contemporary sculpture on Old Brompton Road in South Kensington, London. It is the oldest and largest organisation dedicated to sculpture in the UK. Until 2017, it was known as the Royal British Society of Sculptors.

The Royal Society of Sculptors is a registered charity with a selective membership of around 700 professional sculptors. It aims to inspire, inform and engage people of all ages and backgrounds with sculpture, and to support sculptors' development of their practice to the highest professional standards.
Dimond District, Oakland, California
37°48′12″N 122°12′46″W﻿ / ﻿37.80333°N 122.21278°W﻿ / 37.80333; -122.21278

The Dimond District (/ˈdaɪmənd/) is a neighborhood centered on the intersection of MacArthur Boulevard and Fruitvale Avenue in East Oakland, California, in the United States. It is located about two miles east of Lake Merritt, north of the Fruitvale District, and west of the Laurel District. It lies at an elevation of 213 feet (65 m). Dimond's ZIP code is 94602. It is a multicultural neighborhood where the hills meet the flatlands and is a unique melting pot of cultures and social classes. Dimond Park is located in the district.

Lake Merritt
Lake Merritt is a lake located in a large tidal lagoon basin in the center of Oakland, California, just east of Downtown. It is named after Samuel Merritt, Oakland's mayor in 1867–1869, who had the lagoon dammed turning the varying tidal lagoon into a stable salt-water lake. It is surrounded by parkland and city neighborhoods.  Historically significant as the first official wildlife refuge in the United States, designated in 1870, the lake has been listed as a National Historic Landmark since 1963. The circumference of the lake is 3.4 miles (5.5 km), with an area of 155 acres (63 ha).

The lake features grassy shores, several artificial islands intended as bird refuges, and an interpretive center called the Rotary Nature Center at Lakeside Park. There is a small fairy-tale themed amusement park called Children's Fairyland and The Gardens at Lake Merritt is also in the park. A popular walking and jogging path runs along the lake's perimeter.
Rutherford backscattering spectrometry
Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) is an analytical technique used in materials science.  Sometimes referred to as high-energy ion scattering (HEIS) spectrometry, RBS is used to determine the structure and composition of materials by measuring the backscattering of a beam of high energy ions (typically protons or alpha particles) impinging on a sample.

Valence and conduction bands
In solid-state physics, the valence band and conduction band are the bands closest to the Fermi level, and thus determine the electrical conductivity of the solid. In nonmetals, the valence band is the highest range of electron energies in which electrons are normally present at absolute zero temperature, while the conduction band is the lowest range of vacant electronic states. On a graph of the electronic band structure of a semiconducting material, the valence band is located below the Fermi level, while the conduction band is located above it.

The distinction between the valence and conduction bands is meaningless in metals, because conduction occurs in one or more partially filled bands that take on the properties of both the valence and conduction bands.
Patrick Short (priest)
Patrick Short was a Roman Catholic priest who is best known for his role in the first Catholic mission in the Kingdom of Hawaii.  He was a member of the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary, a Catholic religious institute. Short was of Anglo-Irish descent.

Religious institute
In the Catholic Church, a religious institute is "a society in which members, according to proper law, pronounce public vows, either perpetual or temporary which are to be renewed, however, when the period of time has elapsed, and lead a life of brothers or sisters in common."

A religious institute is one of the two types of institutes of consecrated life; the other is the secular institute, where its members are "living in the world". Religious institutes come under the jurisdiction of the Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life.
Juan Pérez de Guzmán y Boza
Juan Francisco Pérez de Guzmán y Boza (7 April 1852 – 12 February 1934) was a Spanish bibliophile, politician, historian, and member of the Royal Academy of History.

He was the second Duke of T'Serclaes between 1879 and 1934. He had a twin brother, Manuel Pérez de Guzmán y Boza, Jerez de los Caballeros, and they owned very rich libraries and held gatherings that led to the consolidation of the Andalusian Bibliophile Society.

Royal Academy of History
The Royal Academy of History (Spanish: Real Academia de la Historia, RAH) is a Spanish institution in Madrid that studies history "ancient and modern, political, civil, ecclesiastical, military, scientific, of letters and arts, that is to say, the different branches of life, of civilisation, and of the culture of the Spanish people". Spanish people in this regard are understood to be citizens of the Kingdom of Spain or the indigenous people of its predecessors, or their descendants. The academy was established by royal decree of Philip V of Spain on 18 April 1738. Its official publication is the Boletín de la Real Academia de la Historia.
Loys Choquart
Loys Choquart (October 11, 1920 in Geneva – December 10, 1989 in Puplinge) was a Swiss jazz reedist, bandleader, and broadcaster.

Choquart was leading his own ensemble by age 17, and at 19 had a position at Radio Geneva, remaining a broadcaster with the station for decades. He first recorded with his ensemble the New Rhythm Kings in 1942, and with a new ensemble, the Dixie Dandies, in 1943 (which included Henri Chaix and Wallace Bishop as sidemen). According to jazz historian Rainer E. Lotz, by the end of World War II "he was considered the best Swiss saxophone and clarinet soloist", playing in both Dixieland and swing idioms. His Creole Jazz ensemble won the Prix Jazz Hot in 1955 on the basis of recordings made in 1952. He also led a larger ensemble with an orchestra, which included André Zumbach (fr). Later in his life he toured extensively throughout western Europe and owned a club in Geneva called La Tour.

Swing music
Swing music is a style of jazz that developed in the United States during the late 1920s and early 1930s. It became nationally popular from the mid-1930s. Swing represents the most famous era of jazz as a genre of entertainment, before the emergence of modern jazz. Swing bands usually featured soloists who would improvise on the melody over the arrangement. The danceable swing style of big bands and bandleaders such as Fletcher Henderson and Benny Goodman was the dominant form of American popular music from 1935 to 1946, known as the swing era, when people were dancing the Lindy Hop. The verb "to swing" is also used as a term of praise for playing that has a strong groove or drive. Big band leaders of the swing era include Benny Goodman, Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Jimmie Lunceford, Cab Calloway, Benny Carter, Jimmy Dorsey, Tommy Dorsey, Earl Hines, Bunny Berigan, Harry James, Lionel Hampton, Glenn Miller, and Artie Shaw.
Troy Sabres
The Troy Sabres were an American semi-professional ice hockey team in Troy, Ohio. They played in the Continental Hockey League from 1982 to 1986, and the All-American Hockey League in the 1986–1987 season. The team was coached by Moose Lallo and Maurice Benoit. In 1987, the Sabres merged with the Dayton Jets to form the Miami Valley Sabres.

Troy, Ohio
Troy is a city in and the county seat of Miami County, Ohio, United States. The population was 26,305 at the 2020 census, making it Miami County's largest city and Ohio's 55th-largest. Troy lies along the Great Miami River about 19 miles (31 km) north of Dayton and is part of the Dayton metropolitan area.
Valley Mountains
The Valley Mountains are a 28-mile-long (45 km) mountain range located on the southwest border of Sanpete County, Utah, United States, with the northeast border of Millard County. The north of the range is in Juab County; the south in Sevier County.

Juab County, Utah
Juab County (/ˈdʒuːæb/ JOO-ab) is a county in western Utah, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 11,786. Its county seat and largest city is Nephi. Juab County is part of the Provo–Orem, Utah Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Salt Lake City–Provo–Orem, Utah Combined Statistical Area.
Hungary–Romania football rivalry
The Hungary–Romania football rivalry is a competitive sports rivalry that exists between the national football teams of the two countries and their respective sets of fans.

The national teams of Hungary and Romania are longtime rivals, as the two countries are neighbours and had numerous conflicts through history.

The first official match between the two teams dates back to 1936.

Due to the general tension of the matches between the two teams and the numerous fan incidents resulting from the general feeling of antipathy between the two countries, it can be considered one of the most bitter rivalries of the football world.

Fan (person)
A fan or fanatic, sometimes also termed an aficionado or enthusiast, is a person who exhibits strong interest or admiration for something or somebody, such as a celebrity, a sport, a sports team, a genre, a politician, a book, a television show, a movie, a video game or an entertainer. Collectively, the fans of a particular object or person constitute its fanbase or fandom. They may show their enthusiasm in a variety of ways, such as by promoting the object of their interest, being members of a related fan club, holding or participating in fan conventions or writing fan mail. They may also engage in creative activities ("fan labor") such as creating fanzines, writing fan fiction, making memes, drawing fan art, or developing fan games. Some excessively avid fans are called "stans" (a portmanteau of stalker and fan).
Voyage 11.2
The Voyage 11.2, or Voyage 11.20, is a French sailboat. It was first built in 1988 and was designed by Guy Ribadeau Dumas as a cruiser.

The design's designation is its metric length overall of 11.20 metres (36.7 feet).

Cruising (maritime)
Cruising is a maritime activity that involves staying aboard a watercraft for extended periods of time when the vessel is traveling on water at a steady speed. Cruising generally refers to leisurely trips on yachts and luxury cruiseships, with durations varying from day-trips to months-long round-the-world voyages.
Jummai Bitrus
Jummai Bitrus (born September 4, 1996, in Yola) is a Nigerian volleyball player who plays as a Libero for Chief of Naval Staff (CNS) Spikers women's volleyball team and Nigeria women's national volleyball team.

Nigeria women's national volleyball team
The Nigeria women's national volleyball team represents Nigeria in international women's volleyball competitions and friendly matches.

Nigeria lastly qualified for the 2021 Women's African Nations Volleyball Championship where the team reached the semifinals.
Forrest School (Chapel Hill, Tennessee)
Forrest School is a public school in Chapel Hill, Tennessee. It was founded in the year 1924-1925 according to their yearbook, just recently celebrating their 100th anniversary of being established. It serves grades 7-12 and is part of the Marshall County School District. The school is also known as Forrest Middle School for grades 7-8 and Forrest High School for grades 9-12. It is named for Nathan Bedford Forrest, a Confederate general.

Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Association
The Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Association  (TSSAA), along with the affiliated Tennessee Middle School Athletic Association (TMSAA), is an organization which administers junior and senior high school sporting events in the U.S. state of Tennessee. The TSSAA (commonly pronounced "Tee double-S double-A") is the only high school athletic organization in the United States to have a five-sport, Olympic-style spring sport championship tournament, known as Spring Fling, for baseball, softball, track and field, team and individual tennis, and soccer. Spring Fling began in Chattanooga in 1993, later moving to Memphis, and then establishing itself in Murfreesboro. The TSSAA was one of the first high school athletic organizations to host a central site for football championships, beginning in 1982.
Flag of Florence
The flag of Florence, also known as the Giglio of Florence (Italian: Il Giglio Fiorentino), was the flag of the Republic of Florence between 1250 and 1532. The flag persisted as a symbol of the city following the dissolution of the Republic and enjoys continued usage throughout Florence today.

The flag consists of a white field charged with a stylized red iris, commonly referred to as the giglio.

Hugh, Margrave of Tuscany
Hugh (Latin: Ugo, Hugo; 953/4 – 21 December 1001), called the Great, was the Margrave of Tuscany from 969 until his death in 1001, and the Duke of Spoleto and Margrave of Camerino from 989 to 996 (as "Hugh II"). He was known for his restoration of the state apparatus in Tuscany after decades of neglect from various Margraves, whose main interests lay elsewhere. Hugh was also noted for his support of the new Ottonian dynasty (in Italy since 961), and has been praised for his justice by the contemporary theologian Peter Damian in his De principis officio (On the Office of a Prince). Hugh's rule has also been remembered for its close cooperation with the Papal States in the resolution of territorial disputes and his generosity in gifting marchesal (public) lands for the foundation of monasteries of the Catholic Church.
Date and time notation in Greece
In Greece the all-numeric form for dates is in the little endianness order of "day month year".  Years can be written with 2 or 4 digits. For example, either 30/5/2023 or 30/5/23.

The 12-hour notation is used in verbal communication, but the 24-hour format is also used along with the 12-hour notation in writing.  The minutes are usually written with two digits; the hour numbers are written with or without a leading zero.

24-hour clock
The modern 24-hour clock is the convention of timekeeping in which the day runs from midnight to midnight and is divided into 24 hours. This is indicated by the hours (and minutes) passed since midnight, from 00(:00) to 23(:59), with 24(:00) as an option to indicate the end of the day. This system, as opposed to the 12-hour clock, is the most commonly used time notation in the world today, and is used by the international standard ISO 8601.

A number of countries, particularly English speaking, use the 12-hour clock, or a mixture of the 24- and 12-hour time systems. In countries where the 12-hour clock is dominant, some professions prefer to use the 24-hour clock. For example, in the practice of medicine, the 24-hour clock is generally used in documentation of care as it prevents any ambiguity as to when events occurred in a patient's medical history.
A Doll Wife
A Doll Wife (Italian: Maman poupée) is a 1919 silent Italian drama film directed by Carmine Gallone. The film was shown as part of the Silent Divas of the Italian Cinema programme at the 38th New York Film Festival in 2000.

Carmine Gallone
Carmine Gallone (10 September 1885 – 11 March 1973) was an early Italian film director, screenwriter, and film producer, who was also controversial for his works of pro-Fascist propaganda and historical revisionism. Considered one of Italian cinema's leading early directors, he directed over 120 films in his fifty-year career between 1913 and 1963.
The Tree of Heaven
The Tree of Heaven is a collection of short stories by Robert W. Chambers. Mostly set in New York with a snowy nocturnal backdrop, the stories are light and humorous romantic tales, several of which feature the weird.

Published in America by D. Appleton & Company, New York, 1907, with pictorial cloth design, and by Grosset & Dunlap, New York, 1907, with dark green cloth and pictorial paste-down.  Published in Britain by Archibald Constable & Co. Ltd, London, in 1908. It contains illustrations by Henry Hutt, Howard Chandler Christy and A. B. Wenzell.

Henry Hutt
Henry Hutt (1875–1950) was an American painter and illustrator born in Chicago. He was educated at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago and was a member of the class of 1892. He was also a member of the Art Students League of the Chicago Art Institute. With several fellow students he formed the Palette and Chisel, an independent artists' association in Chicago.

Among the community of popular illustrators of his time, Hutt was particularly known for his illustrations of modern, elegant women, drawn from models. His work was printed widely in the popular American press, in periodicals such as Collier's, Harper's, and The Century. His illustrations and cover art appeared in dozens of novels and non-fiction books.  A monograph was published on his work in 1898.
Zufar ibn al-Hudhayl
Zufar ibn al-Hudhayl, known as Imam Zufar, was an 8th-century Islamic scholar born in Isfahan. He was one of the main students of Abu Hanifa and, after Hanifa's death, led his teaching circle and spread Hanafi jurisprudence, particularly in Basra. He is generally regarded as the fourth imam of the Hanafi school, after Abu Hanifa, Abu Yusuf, and Muhammad al-Shaybani, the latter being his student. He was known for his comparatively strict logical reasoning in legal matters within the school's doctrines.

Kufa
Kufa (Arabic: الْكُوفَة "al-Kūfah"), also spelled Kufah, is a city in Iraq, about 170 kilometres (110 mi) south of Baghdad, and 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) northeast of Najaf. It is located on the banks of the Euphrates River. The estimated population in 2003 was 110,000.

Along with Najaf, Karbala, Mashhad, Samarra, Kadhimiya and Qom, Kufa is one of the holiest cities in Shia Islam. The city was founded in 638 CE (17 Hijrah) during the reign of the second Rashidun Caliph, Umar ibn Al-Khattab, and it was the final capital of the last Rashidun Caliph, Ali ibn Abi Talib. Kufa was also the founding capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. During the Islamic Golden Age it was home to the grammarians of Kufa. Kufic script is named for the city.

The Palestinian keffiyeh, also known as kufiya and worn by Arab men, originated from Kufa, and is worn today to convey diverse political sentiments. Due to heightened global consumer demand, most keffiyehs are now manufactured in China.
Global Campaign for Peace Education
The Global Campaign for Peace Education (GCPE) is an international network which aims at encouraging both transnational co-operation and local initiatives in peace education. The Campaign originated with the 1999 Hague Agenda (Appeal) for Peace and was associated with the UN culture of peace initiatives, and specifically the International Year for the Culture of Peace. The peace educator Betty Reardon is credited with being instrumental in establishing the Campaign. The Campaign has a number of ongoing initiatives, such as the Peace Education Global Knowledge Clearinghouse, one of the world's largest and regularly updated collections of research on peace education, and the Mapping Peace Education Project, which aims to provide a visual map of where peace education is happening globally. The Campaign is currently a member of the Union of International Associations, organization ID XK1939, and in 2021 was a nominee for the Nobel Peace Prize.

Union of International Associations
The Union of International Associations (UIA) is a non-profit non-governmental research institute and documentation center based in Brussels, Belgium, and operating under United Nations mandate. It was founded in 1907 under the name Central Office of International Associations by Henri La Fontaine,  the 1913 Nobel Peace Prize laureate, and Paul Otlet, a founding father of what is now called information science.

The UIA is an independent research institute and a repository for current and historical information on the work of global civil society. It serves two main purposes: to document and promote public awareness of the work of international organizations (both INGOs and IGOs), international meetings, and world problems. The UIA also supports and facilitates the work of international associations through training and networking opportunities.

It has consultative status with ECOSOC and UNESCO.