hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2017 in reptile paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2017.

Histology
Histology, also known as microscopic anatomy, microanatomy or histoanatomy, is the branch of biology that studies the microscopic anatomy of biological tissues. Histology is the microscopic counterpart to gross anatomy, which looks at larger structures visible without a microscope.

Historically, microscopic anatomy was divided into organology, the study of organs, histology, the study of tissues, and cytology, the study of cells, although modern usage places all of these topics under the field of histology. In medicine, histopathology is the branch of histology that includes the microscopic identification and study of diseased tissue. In the field of paleontology, the term paleohistology refers to the histology of fossil organisms.
Hercules (emulator)
Hercules is a computer emulator allowing software written for IBM mainframe computers (System/370, System/390, and zSeries/System z) and for plug compatible mainframes (such as Amdahl machines) to run on other types of computer hardware, notably on low-cost personal computers. Development started in 1999 by Roger Bowler, a mainframe systems programmer.

Hercules runs under multiple parent operating systems including Linux, Microsoft Windows, FreeBSD, NetBSD, Solaris, and macOS and is released under the open source software license QPL. It is analogous to Bochs and QEMU in that it emulates CPU instructions and select peripheral devices only. A vendor (or distributor) must still provide an operating system, and the user must install it. Hercules was the first mainframe emulator to incorporate 64-bit z/Architecture support.

IBM System/390
The IBM System/390 is a discontinued mainframe product family implementing ESA/390, the fifth generation of the System/360 instruction set architecture. The first computers to use the ESA/390 were the Enterprise System/9000 (ES/9000) family, which were introduced in 1990. These were followed by the 9672, Multiprise, and Integrated Server families of System/390 in 1994–1999, using CMOS microprocessors. The ESA/390 succeeded ESA/370, used in the Enhanced 3090 and 4381 "E" models, and the System/370 architecture last used in the IBM 9370 low-end mainframe. ESA/390 was succeeded by the 64-bit z/Architecture in 2000.
Saville Township, Pennsylvania
Saville Township is a second-class township in a mountainous part of Perry County, Pennsylvania,  United States.  As of the 2020 census, the township had a total population of 2,598.  It was founded in 1817, dividing from Tyrone Township while the area was still part of Cumberland County. It is served by two major roads, PA 74, locally called Veterans Way, and PA 17, called the Tuscorara Path.  The county office is at 3954 Veterans Way, in Elliottsburg, in the far southern part of the township. The area is overwhelmingly agricultural, with small population centers in Ickesburg  and the hamlet of Saville.

Cumberland County, Pennsylvania
Cumberland County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 259,469. Its county seat is Carlisle. Cumberland County is included in the Harrisburg–Carlisle metropolitan statistical area. The county is part of the South Central region of the commonwealth.
2025–26 national figure skating championships
National figure skating championships for the 2025–26 season began on July 1, 2025, and will ended on June 30, 2026. Most competitions will take place from December 2025 to January 2026. They will be held to crown national champions and to serve as part of the selection process for international events, such as the 2025 ISU Championships and 2026 Winter Olympics. Medals will be awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, women's singles, pairs, and ice dance. Several countries choose to organize their national championships together with their neighbors; the results will be subsequently divided into national podiums.

Figure skating at the 2026 Winter Olympics
The figure skating events at the 2026 Winter Olympics were held from 6 to 19 February at the Milano Ice Skating Arena in Milan, Italy. Medals were awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, ice dance, and the team event. Mikhail Shaidorov of Kazakhstan won the men's event, Alysa Liu of the United States won the women's event, Riku Miura and Ryuichi Kihara of Japan won the pairs event, Laurence Fournier Beaudry and Guillaume Cizeron of France won the ice dance event, and the team from the United States won the team event.
Ulugh Beg Madrasa
The Ulugh Beg Madrasa (Uzbek: Ulugʻbek madrasasi) is a madrasa (Islamic school) in the historic center of Samarkand, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Uzbekistan. Together with other monuments, it forms the monumental ensemble of Registan, the old heart of the city. It was built between 1417 and 1421 by the then-Timurid governor of Samarkand, Ulugh Beg, Timur's grandson and prominent astronomer, who was later emperor between 1447 and 1449.

The madrasa was an important teaching center of the Timurid Empire, where they taught some of the most outstanding scholars of their time, both religious and secular. It is the oldest building in Registan, the only one from the 15th century and the only survivor of a wider architectural ensemble, which included several mosques, caravanserais, a bazaar, and a khanaqah (inn of Sufis). At the site of the latter is currently the Sher-Dor Madrasa, located in front of Ulugh Beg Madrasa.

Iwan
An iwan (Persian: ایوان, eyvān, also romanized as ivan or ivān/īvān, Arabic: إيوان, ’īwān) is a rectangular hall or space, usually vaulted, walled on three sides, with one end entirely open. The formal gateway to the iwan is called pishtaq, a Persian term for a portal projecting from the facade of a building, usually decorated with calligraphy bands, glazed tilework, and geometric designs. Since the definition allows for some interpretation, the overall forms and characteristics can vary greatly in terms of scale, material, or decoration.

Iwans are most commonly associated with Islamic architecture; however, the form is pre-Islamic Iranian in origin and was invented much earlier and fully developed in Mesopotamia around the third century CE, during the Parthian period.
Casal do Abade
Casal do Abade is a small village located near the border between Tábua and Oliveira do Hospital, Portugal. Casal do Abade has around 100 inhabitants. The main place of interest  is Fonte Velha (Old Fountain), built by Romans.

Oliveira do Hospital
Oliveira do Hospital (European Portuguese pronunciation: [ɔliˈvɐjɾɐ ðu ɔʃpiˈtal] ⓘ) is a municipality in the district of Coimbra, in the central part of continental Portugal. The population in 2011 was 20,855, in an area of 234.52 km².
Lindsay Collegiate and Vocational Institute
Lindsay Collegiate and Vocational Institute, commonly referred to as LCVI or LC is a secondary school in Lindsay, Ontario.

It is a part of the Trillium Lakelands District School Board. It was previously in the Victoria County Board of Education.

Trillium Lakelands District School Board
The Trillium Lakelands District School Board (TLDSB, known as English-language Public District School Board No. 15 prior to 1999) administers public school education for students in a large area of central Ontario, Canada, including the municipalities of the City of Kawartha Lakes, Haliburton County, and the District Municipality of Muskoka. It manages 41 elementary schools, 7 secondary schools and 7 Adult Education and Training Centres.
Belgian Comic Strip Center
The Belgian Comic Strip Center (French: Centre belge de la bande dessinée; Dutch: Belgisch Stripcentrum) is a museum in central Brussels, Belgium, dedicated to Belgian comics. It is located at 20, rue des Sables/Zandstraat, in an Art Nouveau building designed by Victor Horta, and can be accessed from Brussels-Congress railway station and Brussels-Central railway station.

Bob de Moor
Robert Frans Marie De Moor (20 December 1925 – 26 August 1992), better known under his pen name Bob de Moor, was  a Belgian comics creator. Chiefly noted as an artist, he is considered an early master of the Ligne claire style. He wrote and drew several comics series on his own, but also collaborated with Hergé on several volumes of The Adventures of Tintin. He completed the unfinished story Professor Sató's Three Formulae, Volume 2: Mortimer vs. Mortimer of the Blake and Mortimer series, after the death of the author Edgar P. Jacobs.
1987 Philippine Senate election
The 23rd election to the Senate of the Philippines was held on Monday, May 11, 1987. The Senate was re-instituted following the approval of a new constitution in 1987 restoring the bicameral Congress of the Philippines; earlier, a constitution was approved in 1973 that created a unicameral Batasang Pambansa (parliament) that replaced the bicameral Congress. The last Senate election prior to this was the 1971 election.

The Lakas ng Bayan (LABAN) got 64.9% of the vote but won 22 out of 24 seats in the Senate; only two candidates from the opposition Grand Alliance for Democracy won: former Secretary of National Defense Juan Ponce Enrile and San Juan Mayor Joseph Estrada, despite getting 26.6% of the vote.

Along with the 1916, 1941 and the 1992 elections, this is the third senatorial election where all seats were up.

1987 Philippine constitutional plebiscite
A constitutional plebiscite was held in the Philippines on February 2, 1987. The plebiscite is pursuant to Presidential Proclamation No. 3, which was issued on March 25, 1986, by President Corazon Aquino. It abolished the Office of the Prime Minister and the Regular Batasang Pambansa (English: National Assembly). Multi-party elections were held accordingly in 1987.

As of 2026, this remains the only constitutional plebiscite held in the present Fifth Republic.
J. David Arnold
J. David Arnold is an American academic who is president and professor of psychology at Eureka College in Eureka, Illinois.

Arnold has been vice president for academic and student affairs at Missouri Western State College, St. Joseph, Missouri. He also served as vice president for academic affairs and provost at Salve Regina University. In addition he has served as provost at St. John Fisher College and as a dean and grants officer at Clarion University. He started his academic career teaching psychology and writing at St. Lawrence University, a residential liberal arts college where he was tenured and promoted before becoming an associate dean.

St. John Fisher University
St. John Fisher University is a private university in Rochester, New York. It is named after John Fisher, an English Catholic cardinal and saint. It was named St. John Fisher College until July 1, 2022.
MTR Corporation
MTR Corporation Limited is a majority government-owned public transport operator and property developer in Hong Kong which operates the Mass Transit Railway, the most popular public transport network in Hong Kong. It is listed on the Hong Kong Exchange and is a component of the Hang Seng Index. The MTR additionally invests in railways across different parts of the world, including franchised contracts to operate rapid transit systems in Beijing, Hangzhou, Macao, Shenzhen, Sydney, and a suburban rail system in Melbourne.

UGL Rail
UGL Rail (formerly A Goninan & Co (/ɡəˈnɪnən/)) is an Australian rail company specialising in building,  maintaining and refurbishing diesel locomotives, diesel and electric multiple units and freight wagons. It is a subsidiary of UGL and is based in Melbourne, with a staff of 1,200 across Australia and Asia. It operates factories in Broadmeadow (Newcastle), Spotswood and Bassendean. While it used to operate a factory in Taree, the plant was shut down and the equipment sold off.
Fairfield Bulls FC
Fairfield Bulls Football Club is an Australian amateur (formerly semi-professional until 2012) football club based in Fairfield, New South Wales. The club is currently playing in the Southern Districts Football Association. Fairfield Bulls have previously been known as the Bonnyrigg Eagles and Nineveh Eagles Soccer Team.

The club is a regular participant in the Assyrian Cup held in both Sydney and Melbourne.

National Premier Leagues NSW
The National Premier Leagues NSW is a semi-professional soccer competition in New South Wales, Australia. The competition is conducted by Football NSW, one of the two organising bodies in New South Wales (the other being the National Premier Leagues Northern NSW organised by Northern NSW Football). The league is a subdivision of the second tier National Premier Leagues (NPL), which sits below the national A-League. Prior to becoming a subdivision of the NPL in 2013, the league was previously known as the NSW Premier League.
Seongsu Bridge
The Seongsu Bridge (Korean: 성수대교; Hanja: 聖水大橋), sometimes spelled Sŏngsu Bridge, is a cantilever bridge over the Han River, connecting the Seongdong and Gangnam districts of Seoul, South Korea. The bridge began construction under Hyundai Engineering & Construction on April 26, 1995 and was opened to the public on July 3, 1997 by Seoul Mayor Cho Soon (조순; 趙淳). The original Seongsu Bridge was built in 1979, and was demolished and rebuilt following the Seongsu Bridge disaster on October 21, 1994.

Cantilever bridge
A cantilever bridge is a bridge built using structures that project horizontally into space, supported on only one end (called cantilevers). For small footbridges, the cantilevers may be simple beams; however, large cantilever bridges designed to handle road or rail traffic use trusses built from structural steel, or box girders built from prestressed concrete.

The steel truss cantilever bridge was a major engineering breakthrough when first put into practice, as it can span distances of over 1,500 feet (450 m), and can be more easily constructed at difficult crossings by virtue of using little or no falsework.
General Pueyrredón Partido
General Pueyrredón Partido is a partido located on the Atlantic coast of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.

The partido covers 1,453 km2 and has a population of 564,056 (2001 census [INDEC]), most of whom live in the large coastal resort of Mar del Plata.

The partido was created in 1879. The first mayor was Fortunato de la Plaza.

Partidos of Buenos Aires
A partido is the second-level administrative subdivision used only in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. They are formally considered to be a single administrative unit, usually contain one or more population centers (i.e., towns and cities), and are divided into localidades. The subdivision in partidos in Buenos Aires Province is distinct from all other provinces of Argentina, which call their second-level subdivisions departamento and are further subdivided into distinct municipalities.
Colesberg (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Colesberg was a constituency in the Cape Province of South Africa, which existed from 1910 to 1938 and again from 1966 to 1974. It covered a rural area near the Orange River, centred on the town of Colesberg. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Cape Provincial Council.

Cape Province
The Province of the Cape of Good Hope (Afrikaans: Provinsie Kaap die Goeie Hoop), commonly referred to as "the Cape Province" (Afrikaans: Kaapprovinsie) and colloquially as "The Cape" (Afrikaans: Die Kaap), was a province in the Union of South Africa and subsequently the Republic of South Africa. It encompassed the old Cape Colony, as well as Walvis Bay, and had Cape Town as its capital. In 1994, the Cape Province was divided into the new Eastern Cape, Northern Cape and Western Cape provinces, along with part of the North West.
FC Stary Oskol
FC Stary Oskol (Russian: ФК «Старый Оскол») was a Russian football team from Stary Oskol. It played professionally on two occasions, in 1990 and 1993. Their best result was 13th place in Zone 3 of the Russian Second Division in 1993.

Stary Oskol
Stary Oskol (Russian: Ста́рый Оско́л, IPA: [ˈstarɨj ɐˈskol]) is a city in Belgorod Oblast, Russia, located 618 kilometers (384 mi) south of Moscow. Population: 221,678 (2021 census); 221,085 (2010 census); 215,898 (2002 census); 173,917 (1989 Soviet census). It is called Stary Oskol (lit. 'Old Oskol') to distinguish it from Novy Oskol (lit. 'New Oskol') located 60 kilometres (37 mi) south. Both are on the Oskol River.
Edmund de Lacy, Baron of Pontefract
Edmund de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln (c. 1230–1258) was an important landholder in Northern England, with a strategic manor at Stanbury which was important for east–west communication, and as Lord of the Honour of Pontefract he possessed Pontefract Castle.

Pontefract Castle
53°41′44″N 1°18′14″W﻿ / ﻿53.69556°N 1.30389°W﻿ / 53.69556; -1.30389
Pontefract (or Pomfret) Castle is a castle ruin in the town of Pontefract, in West Yorkshire, England. King Richard II is thought to have died there. It was the site of a series of famous sieges during the 17th-century English Civil War.

Pontefract Castle is owned by the Duchy of Lancaster and managed by Wakefield Council.
Comethazine
Frank Jahmier Childress (born July 6, 1998), known professionally as Frank Kole and formerly as Comethazine, is an American rapper, singer, and songwriter. He is best known for his platinum-selling single "Walk", which peaked at number 20 on the Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart and "Bands". Both songs were included on his debut mixtape, Bawskee (2018).

Bawskee was followed up by four sequels; Bawskee 2, Bawskee 3.5, Bawskee 4, and Bawskee 5. His debut rap album, Pandemic, was released in early 2020 to mainly positive critical reception. In 2019, he was an XXL Freshman and performed his cypher alongside rappers Roddy Ricch and Tierra Whack. His latest album, Bawskee 5, was released in November 2022.

Tierra Whack
Tierra Helena Whack (born August 11, 1995) is an American rapper and singer. She originally performed under the stage name "Dizzle Dizz" as a teenager but reverted to her birth name in 2017. Her debut mixtape, Whack World, was released in May 2018 and received widespread critical acclaim. Her song "Mumbo Jumbo" was nominated for Best Music Video at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards. Whack has since collaborated with artists including Beyoncé, Alicia Keys, Tyler, the Creator, Chief Keef, and Melanie Martinez.
Symphony No. 1 (Brahms)
The Symphony No. 1 in C minor, Op. 68, is a symphony written by Johannes Brahms. Brahms spent at least fourteen years completing this work, whose sketches date from 1854. Brahms himself declared that the symphony, from sketches to finishing touches, took 21 years, from 1855 to 1876. The premiere of this symphony, conducted by the composer's friend Felix Otto Dessoff, occurred on 4 November 1876, in Karlsruhe, then in the Grand Duchy of Baden. A typical performance lasts between 45 and 50 minutes.

Motif (music)
In music, a motif (/moʊˈtiːf/ ⓘ) or motive is a short musical idea, salient recurring figure, musical fragment, or succession of notes that has some special importance in or is characteristic of a composition. The motif is the smallest structural unit possessing thematic identity.
Silversword
Silversword is a fantasy role-playing game created by Mario J. Gaida. It was released for the iOS operating system on 13 January 2012 and is available for the Apple iPad and iPhone.

Gaida modeled Silversword after the 1980s The Bard's Tale series of games, but provided a new storyline and plot. It retains the dungeon crawl character of the Bard's Tale series (first person party based play). It also integrates some of the mechanics of the original Dungeons & Dragons game, specifically, armor classes and the use of dice rolls (e.g., d20) to determine random factors within the game and is instantly playable by anyone familiar with Ultima or Wizardry.

Frequently updated, the game now offers an expansion, German and French translations, and an online discussion forum with announcements, tips and cheats, feature requests, etc.

Wizardry (video game series)
Wizardry is a series of role-playing video games originally created by American publisher Sir-Tech. The series was influential in the evolution of modern role-playing video games alongside Ultima and Might and Magic. The original Wizardry was a significant influence on early console role-playing games such as Shin Megami Tensei, Dragon Slayer, the Shining series, Fire Emblem, Final Fantasy and Dragon Quest. Originally made for the Apple II, the games were later ported to other platforms. The last game in the original series by Sir-Tech was Wizardry 8, released in 2001. There have since been various spin-off titles developed for the Japanese market.
Boris Fedorovich Borzin
Boris Fedorovich Borzin (other spellings: Borsin, Borzine) was born in Ukraine on 29 December 1923 and died in Saint Petersburg, Russia in 1991. He was a Soviet realism painter, graphic artist, conservator, art historian, author, and a tenured professor of fine art for 30 years at the Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia (formerly Leningrad State Pedagogical Institute). Borzin was also a veteran of the Great Patriotic War.

Summer Palace of Peter the Great
59°56′50″N 30°20′10″E﻿ / ﻿59.94722°N 30.33611°E﻿ / 59.94722; 30.33611

The Summer Palace of Peter the Great (Russian: Летний дворец Петра I) was built in Saint Petersburg between 1710 and 1714 in the northeast corner of the Summer Garden, located on an island formed by the Fontanka River, Moyka River, and the Swan Canal. Its northern perimeter runs along the left bank of the Neva River across from the Cabin of Peter the Great and Peter and Paul Fortress and was the first palace built in Saint Petersburg, the second largest city in Russia.

The building is currently a museum. It is open to visitors and has been recreated to bring out in essence its features as it existed at the time of Peter the Great.
Islam and violence
The use of politically and religiously-motivated violence in Islam dates back to its early history. Islam has its origins in the behavior, sayings, and rulings of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, his companions, and the first caliphs in the 7th, 8th, and 9th centuries CE. Mainstream Islamic law stipulates detailed regulations for the use of violence, including corporal and capital punishment, as well as regulations on how, when, and against whom to wage war.

LGBTQ rights in Palestine
Homosexuality in Palestine is considered a taboo subject, with LGBTQ people often experiencing persecution and violence. There is a significant legal divide between the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, with the former having more progressive laws and the latter having more conservative laws. Shortly after the Jordanian annexation of the West Bank in 1950, same-sex acts were decriminalized across the territory with the adoption of the Jordanian Penal Code of 1951. In the Egyptian-occupied Gaza Strip and under Hamas' rule, however, no such initiative was implemented. The only two Palestinian LGBTQ organizations, Al Qaws and Aswat, operate from Israel.