hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fred Treacey
Frederick S. Treacey (c. 1847, Brooklyn – After 1876) was an American professional baseball player who played outfield in the National Association and National League from 1871 to 1876. Treacey played for the Chicago White Stockings, Athletic of Philadelphia, Philadelphia White Stockings, Philadelphia Centennials, and the New York Mutuals. His brother, Pete Treacey, was his teammate on the Mutuals in 1876.

Philadelphia Centennials
The Centennial baseball club, or Philadelphia Centennials in modern nomenclature, were a short-lived baseball team in the National Association in 1875.  They were named the Centennial club during a time when the city of Philadelphia was busy making preparations for the national centennial in 1876. The ball club, however, did not live to see the actual centennial. They won 2 games, lost 12, and with two other Philadelphia professional clubs in the league the Centennials did not finish out the season.

Their home games were played at Centennial Grounds, whose lot was later the footprint for Recreation Park which would be the first home of the Philadelphia Phillies.

The Centennials were managed by infielder Bill Craver, who was also one of their best  hitters (.277).  Pitcher George Bechtel (2-12, 3.93) led the team in batting average (.279), RBI (7), runs (12), and doubles (5).
Lined chub
The lined chub (Hybopsis lineapunctata) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the  family Leuciscidae, the shiners, daces and minnows. It is endemic to the United States of America where it occurs in the Coosa and Tallapoosa River systems in the states of Alabama, Georgia and Tennessee. It can be found in small to medium-sized streams which have pools and riffles over sand, gravel, or rubble beds; especially in gently flowing to quiet, clear water close to riffles and vegetation. It feeds on chironomid larvae and pupae, and larger aquatic insects  It is threatened by canalisation of its native rivers and by siltation caused by logging.

Coosa River
The Coosa River is a tributary of the Alabama River in the U.S. states of Alabama and Georgia. The river is about 280 miles (450 km) long.

The Coosa River begins at the confluence of the Oostanaula and Etowah rivers in Rome, Georgia, and ends just northeast of the Alabama state capital, Montgomery, where it joins the Tallapoosa River to form the Alabama River just south of Wetumpka. Around 90% of the Coosa River's length is located in Alabama.  Coosa County, Alabama and Etowah County, Alabama are located on the Coosa River.

The Coosa is one of Alabama's most developed rivers. Most of the river has been impounded, with Alabama Power, a unit of the Southern Company, owning seven dams and powerhouses on the Coosa River. The dams produce hydroelectric power, but they are costly to some species endemic to the Coosa River.
Syrian National Symphony Orchestra
The Syrian National Symphony Orchestra (Arabic: الفرقة السيمفونية الوطنية السورية, al-firqah as-sīmfūniyyah al-waṭaniyyah as-sūriyyah) is the national symphony orchestra of Syria. Its home venue is the Damascus Opera House, and many of its members have been educated at the Higher Institute for Music in the same cultural complex on Umayyad Square in a central location of Damascus.

Umayyad Square
Umayyad Square (Arabic: ساحة الأمويين / ALA-LC: sāḥat al-Umawiyīn) is a large and important square in Damascus, Syria. It connects the city center with several important highways and areas, and contains important buildings, including the Ministry of Defense, Syria's national Opera House and the headquarters of the Syrian Armed Forces.

The Damascene Sword monument, widely considered as the symbol of the city, stands in the square, and is considered a symbol and reminder "of the victories, strength and achievements of the Syrian people". The name of the square is a reference to the Umayyads who took Damascus as the capital of their caliphate in the 7th century.

Prior to the opening of the new 1.2 million sqm fairground to house the Damascus International Fair, the fair which was held annually since 1954 (before being cancelled in 2012 and reopening in 2017) was held in the square.
Constructivism (philosophy of science)
Constructivism is a view in the philosophy of science that maintains that scientific knowledge is constructed by the scientific community, which seeks to measure and construct models of the natural world. According to constructivists, natural science consists of mental constructs that aim to explain sensory experiences and measurements, and that there is no single valid methodology in science but rather a diversity of useful methods. They also hold that the world is independent of human minds, but knowledge of the world is always a human and social construction. Constructivism opposes the philosophy of objectivism, embracing the belief that human beings can come to know the truth about the natural world not mediated by scientific approximations with different degrees of validity and accuracy.

Science & Education
Science & Education: Contributions from History, Philosophy, and Sociology of Science and Mathematics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Springer Science+Business Media. It covers the roles and uses of history and philosophy of science and sociology of science in the teaching of science and mathematics. As of 2020, the editor-in-chief is Sibel Erduran, who succeeded Kostas Kampourakis (University of Geneva), who in turn succeeded founding editor Michael R. Matthews (University of New South Wales). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2017 impact factor of 1.265.
Cycling at the 2020 Summer Paralympics – Men's individual pursuit C2
The men's individual pursuit class C2 track cycling event at the 2020 Summer Paralympics took place on 26 August 2021 at the Izu Velodrome, Japan. This class is for cyclists who have impairments that affect their legs, arms, and/or trunk but are still capable to use a standard bicycle. 11 cyclists all coming from different nations, will be competing in this event.

Para-cycling classification
Para-cycling classification is the process of classifying participants in para-cycling covering four functional disability types.  The classification system includes classes for handcycles for people who have lower limb mobility issues. The sport is governed by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI).
Emo subculture
Emo, whose participants are called emo kids or emos, is a subculture which began in the United States in the 1990s. Based around emo music, the subculture formed in the genre's mid-1990s San Diego scene, where participants were derisively called Spock rock due to their distinctive straight, black haircuts. The subculture entered the mainstream consciousness in the 2000s, being associated with social networks including Myspace, Buzznet and hi5. During this time of popularity, it faced backlash, including violent attacks on emo teens in Mexico and Iraq, and proposed Russian laws targeting the subculture, due to views that it was dangerous and promoted anti-social behavior, depression and suicide. By 2009, this mainstream attention had largely declined as the subculture continued underground on websites including Tumblr and through emo revival groups.

Subculture
In the sociology of culture, a subculture is a group of people within a cultural society that differentiates itself from the values of the mainstream or dominant culture (or superculture) to which it belongs, often maintaining some of its founding principles. Subcultures develop their own norms and values regarding cultural, political, and sexual matters. Subcultures coexist within mainstream society while keeping their specific characteristics intact.

Since its inception in the English-speaking world (primarily North America and the United Kingdom) during the 1940s–1950s, the concept and study of subcultures was developed in the academic fields of sociology, communication studies, and cultural studies. Examples of subcultures include punks, skinheads, Teddy Boys, mods, rockers, bikers, hip-hoppers, and more. Subcultures differ from countercultures.
Marc Basnight
Marc Basnight (May 13, 1947 – December 28, 2020) was an American politician who served as a Democratic member of the North Carolina State Senate, representing the 1st district, from 1984 through his resignation just before the start of what would have been his 14th term in 2011. His district included constituents in Beaufort, Camden, Currituck, Dare, Hyde, Pasquotank, Tyrrell, and Washington counties.

Pasquotank County, North Carolina
Pasquotank County (PAS-kwoh-tayngk /ˈpæs.kwoʊ.teɪŋk/ ⓘ) is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,568. Its county seat is Elizabeth City. Pasquotank County is part of the Elizabeth City, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Virginia Beach-Chesapeake, VA-NC Combined Statistical Area.
Lesly Shica
Lesly Nadir Shica Seguil (born 1 September 1993) is a Peruvian politician serving as minister of development and social inclusion since 2025. From March to October 2025, she served as general manager of PromPerú.

Ministry of Development and Social Inclusion (Peru)
The Ministry of Development and Social Inclusion (Spanish: Ministerio de Desarrollo e Inclusión Social) is a government ministry of Peru. It is responsible for the implementation of social aid national programmes. It was created in 2011, during the presidency of Ollanta Humala. The inaugural minister was economist Carolina Trivelli.

As of 31 January 2025, the minister is Leslie Urteaga.
Maria Noichl
Maria Noichl (born 9 January 1967) is a German politician and member of the European Parliament representing Germany since July 2014. She is a member of the Social Democratic Party, part of the Party of European Socialists.

Prior to entering politics Noichl was a teacher of nutrition and design.

Germany (European Parliament constituency)
Germany is a European Parliament constituency for elections in the European Union covering the member state of Germany. It is currently represented by ninety-six Members of the European Parliament, the most of any European Parliament constituency.
Agapanthia suturalis
Agapanthia suturalis is a species of beetle in the subfamily Lamiinae, found in Sicily, Spain, the Near East, North Africa and Turkey. The species is black coloured with a yellow stripe. Males are larger than females. They fly from May to June. They are known to bore into Knautia arvensis stems.

Lamiinae
Lamiinae, commonly called flat-faced longhorns, are a subfamily of the longhorn beetle family (Cerambycidae). The subfamily includes over 750 genera, rivaled in diversity within the family only by the subfamily Cerambycinae.
Digby Owen
William Digby Owen (1857 – 2 June 1901) was a Welsh amateur footballer who played as a forward in the first international match between Wales and England in January 1879. He played his club football for Oswestry, for whom he also played cricket. He later became a private tutor and died of pneumonia in his early forties.

Amateur sports
Amateur sports are sports in which participants engage largely or entirely without remuneration. The distinction is made between amateur sporting participants and professional sporting participants, who are paid for the time they spend competing and training. In the majority of sports which feature professional players, the professionals will participate at a higher standard of play than amateur competitors, as they can train full-time without the stress of having another job. The majority of worldwide sporting participants are amateurs.

Sporting amateurism was a zealously guarded ideal in the 19th century, especially among the upper classes, but faced steady erosion throughout the 20th century with the continuing growth of pro sports and monetisation of amateur and collegiate sports, and is now strictly held as an ideal by fewer and fewer organisations governing sports, even as they maintain the word "amateur" in their titles.
NBC News Daily
NBC News Daily is an American daytime news program that premiered on NBC on September 12, 2022. The hour-long block is carried live in each time zone and is anchored by a rotation of various anchors, with Kate Snow, Zinhle Essamuah, Vicky Nguyen and Morgan Radford as the main team most days.

News broadcasting
News broadcasting is the medium of broadcasting various news events and other information via television, radio, or the internet in the field of broadcast journalism. The content is usually either produced locally in a radio studio or television studio newsroom, or by a broadcast network. A news broadcast may include material such as sports coverage, weather forecasts, traffic reports, political commentary, expert opinions, editorial content, and other material that the broadcaster feels is relevant to their audience. An individual news program is typically reported in a series of individual stories that are presented by one or more anchors. A frequent inclusion is live or recorded interviews by field reporters.
Jos Seckel
Joseph Abraham Seckel (23 December 1881 – 3 March 1945) was a Dutch artist. His work was exhibited in the art competitions at the 1928 and 1932 Summer Olympics. His work was included in the 1939 exhibition and sale Onze Kunst van Heden (Our Art of Today) at the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. Seckel and his family died during the Bezuidenhout bombardment on 3 March 1945.

Bombing of the Bezuidenhout
The bombing of the Bezuidenhout (Dutch: bombardement op het Bezuidenhout) took place on 3 March 1945, when the Royal Air Force mistakenly bombed the Bezuidenhout neighbourhood in the Dutch city of The Hague, resulting in the death of 532 people.
Friedrich Wurzer
Friedrich Wurzer was an Italian luger who competed in the early 1970s. A natural track luger, he won a bronze medal in the men's doubles event at the 1973 FIL European Luge Natural Track Championships in Taisten, Italy.

Welsberg-Taisten
Welsberg-Taisten (Austrian German: [ˈvɛlsbɛrɡ ˈtaɪstn̩]; Italian: Monguelfo-Tesido [moŋˈɡwɛlfo ˈteːzido]) is a comune (municipality) in the province of South Tyrol in northern Italy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of the city of Bolzano.
Porsche Type 360 Cisitalia Grand Prix engine
The Type 360 Cisitalia Grand Prix engine is a 1.5-liter, supercharged, flat-12 racing,
engine designed by Porsche and Cisitalia; between 1946 and 1947, and introduced in 1949, but never raced. It was intended to compete and race in Grand Prix racing, but when the FIA's new engine regulations banned forced induction for the 1952 Formula One season, the engine never got a chance to race.

Grand Prix motor racing
Grand Prix motor racing, a form of motorsport competition, has its roots in organised automobile racing that began in France as early as 1894. It quickly evolved from simple road races from one town to the next, to endurance tests for car and driver. Innovation and the drive of competition soon saw speeds exceeding 100 miles per hour (160 km/h), but because early races took place on open roads, accidents occurred frequently, resulting in deaths both of drivers and of spectators. A common abbreviation used for Grand Prix racing is "GP" or "GP racing".

The Association Internationale des Automobile Clubs Reconnus, founded in Paris, on 20 June 1904, reorganised as Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), in 1947, headquartered in Paris. Each event of the Formula One World Championships is still called a Grand Prix; Formula One is also referred to as "Grand Prix racing". Some IndyCar championship races are also called "Grands Prix".
Maryland Route 655
Maryland Route 655 (MD 655) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland. The unsigned highway runs 1.86 miles (2.99 km) from MD 28 east and south to Carrolton Road in the Norbeck area of eastern Montgomery County. MD 655 is an L-shaped route with east–west and north–south segments that parallel MD 28 and MD 97, respectively. The highway and its auxiliary routes form parts of service roads along MD 28 and MD 97. The route follows what were two of the original state roads constructed in the early 1910s. MD 655 was assigned to the north–south segment when MD 97 was relocated in the late 1960s. The highway was extended west when MD 28 was relocated in the early 1980s.

Frontage road
A frontage road (also known as an access road, outer road, service road, feeder road, or parallel road) is a local road running parallel to a higher-speed, limited-access road. Where parallel high-speed roads are provided as part of a major highway, these are also known as local lanes. Sometimes a similar arrangement is used for city roads; for example, the collector portion of Commonwealth Avenue in Boston, U.S., is known as a carriage road.

A frontage road is often used to provide access to private driveways, shops, houses, industries or farms that would otherwise be cut off by a limited-access road. This can prevent the commercial disruption of an urban area that the freeway traverses or allow commercial development of bordering property.
Carlton Bedminster
Carlton Bedminster (born 8 November 1982) is an Antiguan tennis player.

Bedminster hasn't won an ITF title.

Bedminster has represented Antigua and Barbuda at Davis Cup. In Davis Cup he has a win-loss record of 10–24.

He won the Eastern Caribbean Tennis Championship in 2006 at the final, he defeated his fellow countryman Carl Johnson 6-3, 6-4. In 2015 he won doubles with Kevin Gardner. In singles he lost the final against the Saint Lucian Vernon Lewis 6-7, 0-6.

In 2007 Bedminster competed at the Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. At singles he lost in the first round against Yohny Romero. In doubles with Kevin Gardner lost against the number one seeded Chilean Jorge Aguilar, Adrián García duo on the second round.

He competed at the 2018 Central American and Caribbean Games, in doubles with Jody Maginley.

2018 Central American and Caribbean Games
The 2018 Central American and Caribbean Games (Spanish: Juegos Deportivos Centroamericanos y del Caribe Barranquilla 2018), also known as the 23rd Central American and Caribbean Games and commonly known as Barranquilla 2018, was the 23rd edition of the Central American and Caribbean Games, a quadrennial sports multi-sport event which was held from 19 July 2018 to 3 August 2018 in Barranquilla, Colombia.
Query evaluation
In database theory, the query evaluation problem is the problem of determining the answers to a query on a database. Research in database theory aims at determining the computational complexity of answering different kinds of queries over databases, in particular over relational databases.

Boolean conjunctive query
In the theory of relational databases, a Boolean conjunctive query  is a conjunctive query without distinguished predicates, i.e., a query in the form , where each  is a relation symbol and each  is a tuple of variables and constants; the number of elements in  is equal to the arity of . Such a query evaluates to either true or false depending on whether the relations in the database contain the appropriate tuples of values, i.e. the conjunction is valid according to the facts in the database.

As an example, if a database schema contains the relation symbols Father (binary, who's the father of whom) and Employed (unary, who is employed), a conjunctive query could be . This query evaluates to true if there exists an individual x who is a child of Mark and employed. In other words, this query expresses the question: "does Mark have an employed child?"
Rough Day
"Rough Day" is a song by Australian recording artist Paulini, taken from her second studio album, Superwoman (2006). It was written by Bridget Benenate, Matthew Gerrard and Franne Golde, while the production was handled by Audius Mtawarira. "Rough Day" was released physically on 22 January 2006, as the lead single from the album. The song peaked at number 26 on the ARIA Singles Chart and number three on the ARIA Dance Chart. The retro style-themed music video was directed by Jonathan and Josh Baker.

Retro style
Retro style is imitative or consciously derivative of lifestyles, trends, or art forms from the past, including in music, modes, fashions, or attitudes. It has been argued that there is a nostalgia cycle in popular culture.
Decauville Railway of the Bancalari Mill
The Decauville Railway of the Bancalari Mill (Spanish Ferrocarril Decauville del Molino Bancalari) was a 5.4 km (3.4 mi) long narrow-gauge railway with a gauge of 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in), which was laid around 1889 in Manzanares, a town belonging to Pilar Partido in the Buenos Aires Province of Argentina.

The mill was founded in 1874 by Italian immigrant to Argentina, Miguel Bancalari, being also the first industry in Pilar Partido.

Pilar Partido
Pilar Partido is a partido in the northern part of Greater Buenos Aires in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.

The provincial subdivision has a population of about 232,000 inhabitants in an area of 352 km2 (136 sq mi), and its capital city is Pilar, which is around 45 km (28 mi) from Buenos Aires.

It has universities and schools.
Nicholas Ciotti
Nicholas J. "Buddy" Ciotti  was a Chicago Outfit associate and poker machine kingpin. Ciotti was the owner of All Games Amusement Inc., which supplied illegal video gambling machines to several Chicago suburbs, including Stone Park, Northlake, Melrose Park, Franklin Park and River Grove. In 2000 he pleaded guilty in federal court to gambling conspiracy and money laundering charges. He was released from prison on August 2, 2002 and died several months later at the age of 58.

Melrose Park, Illinois
Melrose Park is a village in Leyden and Proviso Townships, Cook County, Illinois, United States. It is a suburb of Chicago. As of the 2020 census it had a population of 24,796.

The suburb was the home of Kiddieland Amusement Park from 1929 until 2010 (it closed in September 2009 before it was demolished in 2010 and the sign of Kiddieland was relocated to the Melrose Park Public Library; a Costco warehouse store now stands in its place), the Shrine of Our Lady of Mt. Carmel, Stern Pinball, Inc., the Melrose Park Taste, and the now-defunct Maywood Park horse racing track.

There is a Metra railroad station in Melrose Park with daily service to Chicago. Melrose Park is home to Gottlieb Memorial Hospital.
2nd federal electoral district of Chiapas
The 2nd  federal electoral district of Chiapas (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 02 de Chiapas) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 13 such districts in the state of Chiapas.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative period by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the third region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Karina Margarita del Río Zenteno of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).

Simojovel
Simojovel is a municipality in the Mexican state of Chiapas in southern Mexico.

As of 2010, the municipality had a total population of 40,297, up from 31,615 as of 2005. It covers an area of 446.99 km2.

The municipality had 145 localities, the largest of which (with 2010 populations in parentheses) were: Simojovel de Allende (10,762), the municipal seat classified as urban, and Pueblo Nuevo Sitala (2,437), La Pimienta (1,755), El Jardín (1,626), La Ceiba (1,275), Las Maravillas (1,204), and Constitución (1,103), classified as rural.