hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Bessang Pass
The Battle of Bessang Pass (Filipino: Labanan sa Pasong Bessang; Ilocano: Gubat ti Paso Bessang) was a major battle during the Philippines Campaign of World War II. It was fought from 9 January through 15 June 1945, Cervantes, a municipality in the province of Ilocos Sur, located 382 kilometres (237 mi) north of Manila. The area serves as a gateway to the Cordillera mountains and the city of Baguio. Bessang Pass was a stronghold of the Japanese imperial forces under Gen. Tomoyuki Yamashita, known as the “Tiger of Malaya” and conqueror of Singapore.  It was part of the triangular defense of General Yamashita in the north, namely the Balete Pass, Villaverde Trail and Bessang Pass, guarding the Ifugao-Benguet-Vizcaya borders.  Its fall at the hands of the United States Army Forces in the Philippines - Northern Luzon (USAFIP-NL) on June 14, 1945 paved the way for the entrapment of Yamashita’s forces in the Cordillera until the general’s surrender in September 1945.

Benguet
Benguet (/bɛŋˈɡɛt/), officially the Province of Benguet (Ibaloi: Probinsya ne Benguet; Kankanaey: Probinsyan di Benguet; Pangasinan: Luyag/Probinsia na Benguet; Ilocano: Probinsia ti Benguet; Filipino: Lalawigan ng Benguet), is a landlocked province of the Philippines located in the southern tip of the Cordillera Administrative Region in the island of Luzon. Its capital is La Trinidad.

The highland province is known as the Salad Bowl of the Philippines due to its huge production of upland vegetables.

Situated within the interior of Benguet is the highly urbanized city of Baguio, which is administered independent from the province and also its largest city and regional center of Cordillera Administrative Region.
WMNE (FM)
WMNE was a pioneer commercial FM radio station, which was the second of two mountain-top broadcasting stations established by the Yankee Network. It began regular programming, as experimental station W1XER, in December 1940. In 1941 it was licensed for commercial operation from studios in Boston, initially with the call sign W39B, which was changed to WMTW in 1943. In late 1946 the station's designated community of license was changed to Portland, Maine, and its call letters became WMNE.

WMNE was deleted in October 1948. During the station's entire existence its transmitter site was located at the summit of Mount Washington in Sargent's Purchase, New Hampshire.

Sargent's Purchase, New Hampshire
Sargent's Purchase is a township in Coös County, New Hampshire, United States. It lies within the White Mountain National Forest, and the summit of Mount Washington is located within the township. As of the 2020 census, the population was zero.

In New Hampshire, locations, grants, townships (which are different from towns), and purchases are unincorporated portions of a county which are not part of any town or city and have limited self-government (if any, as many are uninhabited).
Charles de Berlaymont
Charles de Berlaymont (c. 1510 in Berlaimont? – 1578 in Namur?) was a leading nobleman in the Low Countries in the 16th century. He was an important counselor of Margaret of Parma, Grand Huntsman of Brabant and generally sided with Spanish politics in the early years of the Eighty Years War.

County of Namur
The County of Namur (Dutch: Namen) was a county of the Holy Roman Empire with its military and administrative capital at the town of Namur, at the merging of the Sambre and Meuse rivers in what is now French-speaking Belgium. Under this name it existed from about 990 until about 1790.

Like most of what is now Belgium, during the 15th century the County of Namur became part of the Burgundian Netherlands, which subsequently became a possession of the kings of Spain, and later of Austria. Like its neighbours, the county ceased to exist during the French Revolution, when the entire region was conquered by the revolutionary French Republic.

The modern Belgian province of Namur is larger than the old county. The boundaries of the province are based upon those of the French départment of Sambre-et-Meuse, and stretch further eastwards and southwards.
Yu Di (Tang dynasty)
Yu Di (于頔; died 818), courtesy name Yunyuan (允元), formally initially Duke Li of Yan (燕厲公) and later Duke Si of Yan (燕思公), was a Chinese diplomat, military general, politician, and warlord during the Tang dynasty.  He was a powerful warlord at the end of the reign of Emperor Dezong but submitted to imperial authority during the reign of Emperor Dezong's grandson Emperor Xianzong.

Old Book of Tang
The Old Book of Tang, or simply the Book of Tang, is the first classic historical work about the Tang dynasty, comprising 200 chapters, and is one of the Twenty-Four Histories. Originally compiled during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period (10th century AD), it was superseded by the New Book of Tang, which was compiled in the Song dynasty, but later regained acceptance.

The credited editor was chief minister Liu Xu, but the bulk (if not all) of the editing work was actually completed by his predecessor Zhao Ying. The authors include Zhang Zhao, Jia Wei (賈緯), and Zhao Xi (趙熙).
Lucídio Vimaranes
Lucídio Vimaranes (died c. 922) was the second count of Portugal within the Kingdom of Asturias, which was divided internally into several provinces called "counties". Portus Cale was one of these counties which was incorporated in the Kingdom as a new land conquered from the moors. Although Lucídio's parentage is not confirmed in any source, all historians agree that based on his uncommon patronymic, he was most probably the son of Vímara Peres.

Upon the death of his father, King Alfonso III of Asturias entrusted him with the government of the County of Portugal jointly with Count Hermenegildo Gutiérrez.

He governed as tenant-in-chief part of the territory of Lugo in 910, and in the following year appears as a previsor in Dume. Lucídio was a member of the Curia Regis and as such, confirmed several royal charters between 887 and 917.

Lugo
Lugo (Galician: [ˈluɣo], Spanish: [ˈluɣo] ⓘ) is a city in northwestern Spain in the autonomous community of Galicia. It is the capital of the province of Lugo. The municipality had a population of 100,060 in 2024, making it the fourth most populous city in Galicia.

Lugo is the only city in the world to be surrounded by completely intact Roman walls, which reach a height of 10 to 15 metres (33 to 49 feet) along a 2,117-metre (6,946 ft) circuit ringed with 71 towers. The walk along the top is continuous around the circuit and features ten gates. The 3rd century Roman walls, the only one of its kind in the world, are protected by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. The city's historic bridge over the Miño is also essentially of Roman date. The city of Lugo is along the Camino Primitivo path of the Camino de Santiago.
Musée d'Art Juif
The Musée d'Art Juif was a private museum of Jewish art located at 42, rue des Saules, in the 18th arrondissement of Paris, France. The nearest Paris Métro station is Lamarck – Caulaincourt on Line 12.

The museum was established in 1948 in the Montmartre district of Paris as an homage to the Jewish culture destroyed by the Holocaust. Its first collections were religious objects donated in 1951 by the Jewish Restitution Successor Organization, and subsequently a document collection focusing on European synagogue architecture. Marie Chabchay, the museum's first curator, embarked on building up a collection of graphic works by Russian, German, and Parisian artists. The museum contained twelve rooms with collections including a reconstructed synagogue and synagogue models, ethnological objects, paintings, sculptures, and tomb stones from Prague.

In 1998, major portions of its collection were moved to the new Musée d'Art et d'Histoire du Judaïsme in the 3rd arrondissement of Paris.

3rd arrondissement of Paris
The 3rd arrondissement of Paris (IIIe arrondissement, French pronunciation: [tʁwɑzjɛm aʁɔ̃dismɑ̃]) is one of the 20 arrondissements (districts) of the capital city of France. In spoken French, this arrondissement is colloquially referred to as "le troisième" (French pronunciation: [lə tʁwɑzjɛm]) meaning "the third". Its postal code is 75003. It is governed locally together with the 1st, 2nd and 4th arrondissements, with which it forms the 1st sector of Paris, Paris Centre.

The arrondissement, sometimes known as Temple and situated on the right bank of the River Seine, is the smallest in area after the 2nd. It contains the quieter northern part of the medieval district of Le Marais, while the more lively southern part, notably including the gay district of Paris, is located within the 4th arrondissement.
National Development and Research Institutes
National Development and Research Institutes, Inc. (NDRI) was an independent New York City based 501(c)(3) non-profit think tank founded in 1967 (then, called Narcotic and Drug Research Institutes, Inc.) that ceased operations June 30, 2019.

NDRI specialized in Federally-funded research in the areas of drug and alcohol abuse, treatment and recovery; HIV, AIDS and Hepatitis C; therapeutic communities; youth at risk; and related areas of public health, mental health, criminal justice, urban problems, prevention and epidemiology.

NDRI received the 2009 BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in the category of Development Cooperation for its contribution to the analysis of foreign aid provision, and its challenge to the conventional wisdom in development assistance.

Hepatitis C virus
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a small (55–65 nm in size), enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae. The hepatitis C virus is the cause of hepatitis C and some cancers such as liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma, abbreviated HCC) and lymphomas in humans.
The Ferals
The Ferals is an Australian children's comedy television series which aired on ABC from 1994 to 1995. It was created by Wendy Gray and Claire Henderson and featured a mixture of people and animal puppets known as the "Ferals". It was lauded for its irreverent humour and distinctive characters, some of which featured on other ABC programming. Garth Frost was responsible for the puppet design. The opening theme was written by Peter Dasent and Arthur Baysting and performed by Dave Dobbyn. In the UK, the show aired on satellite television via Nickelodeon UK.

Television comedy
Television comedy is a category of broadcasting that has been present since the early days of entertainment media. While there are several genres of comedy, some of the first ones aired were variety shows. One of the first United States television programs was the comedy-variety show Texaco Star Theater, which was most prominent in the years that it featured Milton Berle (from 1948 to 1956). The range of television comedy has become broader, with the addition of sitcoms, improvisational comedy, and stand-up comedy, while also adding comedic aspects into other television genres, including drama and news. Television comedy provides opportunities for viewers to relate the content in these shows to society. Some audience members may have similar views about certain comedic aspects of shows, while others will take different perspectives. This also relates to developing new social norms, sometimes acting as the medium that introduces these transitions.
Palace Hotel (Jerusalem)
The Palace Hotel  (Hebrew: מלון פאלאס)  was a historic hotel built across from the Mamilla Pool in Jerusalem by the Supreme Muslim Council. The hotel opened in 1929 and is now the Waldorf-Astoria Jerusalem.

Mamilla Pool
Mamilla Pool (also known as Birket Mamilla) is one of several ancient reservoirs that supplied water to the inhabitants of Jerusalem. It is located outside the walls of the Old City about 650 metres (710 yd) northwest of Jaffa Gate in the centre of the Mamilla Cemetery. With a capacity of 30,000 cubic metres, it is connected by an underground channel to Hezekiah's Pool in the Christian Quarter of the Old City. It was thought as possible that it has received water via the so-called Upper or High-Level Aqueduct from Solomon's Pools, but 2010 excavations have discovered the aqueduct's final segment at a much lower elevation near the Jaffa Gate, making it impossible to function as a feeding source for the Mamilla Pool.
Short-track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's 500 metres
The men's 500 metres in short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics took place on 20 and 22 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. Wu Dajing of China set an Olympic record (heat) and 2 world records (quarterfinal and final) while leading wire-to-wire in all 3 contests en route to capturing the gold.

Gangneung
Gangneung (Korean: 강릉; Korean pronunciation: [kaŋ.nɯŋ]) is a municipal city in the South Korean state of Gangwon, located on the east coast of South Korea. It has a population of 213,658 (as of 2017). Gangneung is the economic centre of the Yeongdong region of Gangwon State. It has many tourist attractions, such as Jeongdongjin, a very popular area for watching the sunrise, and Gyeongpo Beach. The city hosted all the ice events for the 2018 Winter Olympics and the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics.
Grace King High School
Grace King High School was a public high school located in Metairie, unincorporated Jefferson Parish, Louisiana, United States. It was a part of the Jefferson Parish Public Schools and served portions of Metairie and Kenner.

Jefferson Parish, Louisiana
Jefferson Parish (French: Paroisse de Jefferson) is a parish in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 440,781. Its parish seat is Gretna, its largest community is Metairie, and its largest incorporated city is Kenner. Jefferson Parish is included in the Greater New Orleans area.
Russian language in Latvia
The Russian language is spoken by a significant minority in Latvia. According to the External Migration Survey in 2017, it was the native language of 36% of the population, whereas 25.4% of the population were ethnic Russians.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Russia)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (MFA Russia; Russian: Министерство иностранных дел Российской Федерации, МИД России, romanized: Ministerstvo inostrannykh del Rossiiskoi Federatsii. MID Rossii) is the central government institution charged with leading the foreign policy and foreign relations of Russia.

It is a continuation of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, which was under the supervision of the Soviet Ministry of External Relations. Sergei Lavrov is the current foreign minister.
Il-Kullana to tal-Ġifen Cliffs Important Bird Area
The Il-Kullana to tal-Ġifen Cliffs Important Bird Area comprises a 47 ha linear strip of cliffed coastline on the southern coast of Malta, in the Mediterranean Sea. The cliffs lie within the limits of Rabat, Dingli and Siġġiewi, and include the Dingli Cliffs. The steep and rugged cliffs rise from sea level to a height of over 100 m. It was identified as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports 500–1000 breeding pairs of Cory's shearwaters and 100–200 pairs of yelkouan shearwaters.

Yelkouan shearwater
The yelkouan shearwater, Levantine shearwater or Mediterranean shearwater (Puffinus yelkouan) is a medium-sized shearwater in the seabird family Procellariidae. It was formerly treated as a subspecies of the Manx shearwater (Puffinus puffinus).
Antigua and Barbuda at the 2002 Commonwealth Games
Antigua and Barbuda was represented at the 2002 Commonwealth Games by Anguilla Amateur Athletic Association (AAAA) and abbreviated xx.

Antigua and Barbuda was first represented the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur. This was Antigua and Barbuda's second Games.

1998 Commonwealth Games
The 1998 Commonwealth Games (Malay: Sukan Komanwel 1998), officially known as the XVI Commonwealth Games (Malay: Sukan Komanwel ke-16), were a multi-sport event held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The 1998 Games were the first to be held in Asia, and the last Commonwealth Games of the 20th century. For the first time ever, the Games included team sports. Around 3,638 athletes from 70 Commonwealth member nations participated at the Games, which featured 214 events in 15 sports with 34 of them collected medals.
Hurme
Hurme is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Harri Hurme (1945–2019), Finnish chess master

Juha Hurme (born 1959), Finnish playwright and writer

Jani Hurme (born 1975), Finnish ice hockey player

Jarkko Hurme (born 1986), Finnish footballer

Risto Hurme (born 1950), Finnish modern pentathlete and fencer

Jani Hurme
Jani Petteri Hurme (born 7 January 1975) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played 76 games in the National Hockey League with the Ottawa Senators and Florida Panthers between 2000 and 2003. He also played several seasons in the Finnish SM-liiga during his career, which lasted from 1993 to 2011. He was drafted by the Ottawa Senators in the third round of the 1997 NHL Entry Draft with the 58th overall pick. Internationally Hurme played for the Finnish national team at the 2002 Winter Olympics and the 2003 World Championship.
Prostitution in Germany
Prostitution in Germany is legal, as are other aspects of the sex industry, including brothels, advertisement, and job offers through HR companies. Full-service sex work is widespread and regulated by the German government, which levies taxes on it. In 2016, the government adopted a new law, the Prostitutes Protection Act, in an effort to improve the legal situation of sex workers, while also now enacting a legal requirement for registration of prostitution activity and banning prostitution which involves no use of condoms. The social stigmatization of sex work persists and many workers continue to lead a double life. Human rights organizations consider the resulting common exploitation of women from Eastern and Southeastern Europe to be the main problem associated with the profession.

Sex industry
The sex industry, also called the sex trade, consists of businesses that either directly or indirectly provide sex-related products and services or adult entertainment. The industry includes activities involving direct provision of sex-related services, such as prostitution, strip clubs, host and hostess clubs, and sex-related pastimes, such as pornography, adult magazines, sex movies, sex toys, and fetish or BDSM paraphernalia. Sex channels for television and pre-paid sex movies for video on demand, are part of the sex industry, as are adult movie theaters, sex shops, peep shows, and strip clubs. The sex industry employs millions of people worldwide, mainly women. These range from the sex worker, also called adult service provider (ASP), who provides sexual services, to a multitude of support personnel.
Nicolas Rigault
Nicolas Rigault (Rigaltius; 1577-1654) was a French classical scholar.

Born in Paris, he was educated by the Jesuits. He was successively councillor of the parlement of Metz, procurator general at Nancy, and intendant of the province of Toul.

He prepared annotated editions of Phaedrus, Martial, Juvenal, Tertullian, Minucius Felix, Saint Cyprian, and also some mixed collections: Rei accipitrariæ scriptores, 1612; Rei agrariae scriptores, 1613.

He acted as librarian to Louis XIII. He used a pseudonym J. B. Aeduus.

Intendant
An intendant (French: [ɛ̃tɑ̃dɑ̃] ⓘ; Portuguese: intendente [ĩtẽˈdẽtɨ]; Spanish: intendente [intenˈdente]) was, and sometimes still is, a public official, especially in France, Spain, Portugal, and Latin America. The intendancy system was a centralizing administrative system developed in France. In the War of the Spanish Succession of 1701 to 1714 the French royal House of Bourbon secured its hold on the throne of Spain; it extended a French-style intendancy system to Spain and Portugal - and subsequently worldwide through the Spanish Empire and Portuguese Empire. Regions were divided into districts, each administered by an intendant.
The title continues in use in Spain and in parts of Spanish America for particular government officials.
Quentin Walcker
Quentin Walcker (born 21 February 1996 in France) is a French rugby union player who plays for Castres in the Top 14. His playing position is prop. Walcker signed for Castres in 2021, following five seasons at Perpignan. He made his debut for France in the 2021 July rugby union tests against Australia.

USA Perpignan
Union Sportive Arlequins Perpignanais, also referred to as USA Perpignan or Perpignan, is a French professional rugby union club founded in 1933 and based in Perpignan, in the Pyrénées-Orientales department. They compete in the Top 14, France's elite division of rugby.

The club is a result of a merger between US Perpignan and Arlequins Perpignanais in 1933. US Perpignan was also born from a 1919 union of merging clubs AS Perpignan (founded in 1902) and Stade Olympien Perpignanais.

Its home ground is the 14,593-capacity Stade Aimé Giral but important fixtures may occasionally be taken to Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys, in Barcelona. The club's colours are sky blue, scarlet and golden yellow, which derived from the Catalan Senyera and give Perpignan its nickname Les Sang et Or (French for "The Blood and Golds").
Sanjay Kumar Jatav
Sanjay Kumar Jatav (born 18 January 1988) is an Indian politician currently serving as a Member of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from the Baseri Assembly constituency. He is a member of the Indian National Congress. He previously contested the 17th Lok Sabha election in 2019 from the Karauli-Dholpur Lok Sabha constituency but was defeated by the BJP candidate Manoj Rajoria.

Manoj Rajoria
Manoj Rajoria (born 19 December 1969) is an Indian politician and former member of parliament to the 16th Lok Sabha & 17th Lok Sabha from Karauli-Dholpur (Lok Sabha constituency), Rajasthan. He won the 2014 Indian general election as a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate.
Edo period police
In feudal Japan, individual military and citizens groups were primarily responsible for self-defense until the unification of Japan by Tokugawa Ieyasu in 1603. During the Edo period (1603–1868), the Tokugawa shogunate formed a centralized feudal government. Samurai warriors who once protected Japan from foreign enemies and fought each other for supremacy became the new police and internal security force. Their new job would be to ensure civil peace, which they accomplished for over 250 years.

Metsubushi
Metsubushi (Japanese: 目潰し, lit. "eye closers") or gantsubushi are a variety of implements and techniques that were used in feudal Japan by samurai police and other individuals to temporarily or permanently blind or disorient an opponent.
Sir William Dawes, 3rd Baronet
Sir William Dawes, 3rd Baronet (12 September 1671 – 30 April 1724) was an English Anglican prelate who served as Bishop of Chester from 1708 to 1714 and then as Archbishop of York from 1714 to 1724. Politically he was a Hanoverian Tory, who favoured the Hanoverian Succession.

St Catharine's College, Cambridge
St Catharine's College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, England. Founded in 1473 as Katharine Hall, it adopted its current name in 1860. The college is nicknamed "Catz". The college is located in the historic city-centre of Cambridge, and lies just south of King's College and across the street from Corpus Christi College. The college is notable for its open court (rather than closed quadrangle) that faces towards Trumpington Street.

The college community consists of approximately 1000 Fellows, graduate and undergraduate students, and staff. The college is led by a Master, and the college is run by a governing body comprising the official and professorial Fellows of the college, chaired by the Master. The current Master, Sir John Benger took up office on 1 October 2023.