hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Trevor Leggett
Trevor Pryce Leggett (22 August 1914 – 2 August 2000)[a] was a British judo teacher, author, translator, and head of the BBC's Japanese Service for 24 years. He was one of the first Europeans to study martial arts in Japan. Leggett served in the Ministry of Information during World War II. After the war, he taught judo at the Budokwai and worked in Japanese language services at the BBC. He held the title of Shihan, and the rank of 6th dan in judo from the Kodokan. Leggett helped introduce Japanese culture to the United Kingdom, and was honoured for this by being inducted into Japan's Order of the Sacred Treasure in 1984. He also produced many works on Eastern philosophy.

Shihan
Shihan (師範) is a Japanese term that is used in many Japanese martial arts as an honorific title for expert or senior instructors. It can be translated as "master instructor".

The use of the term is specific to a school or organization, as is the process of becoming a shihan.  In aikido, the title shihan often is granted to teachers when they reach 6th dan.  It is sometimes associated with certain rights, such as the right to give out black belt (dan) ranks.  However, the title is distinct from the black belt ranking system (段位 dan'i).
Robert O. Ragland
Robert Oliver Ragland (July 3, 1931 – April 18, 2012) was an American film score composer, best known for his soundtracks to numerous genre films ranging from blaxploitation (Abby), to horror (Mansion of the Doomed, The Supernaturals), to monster movies (Q, Grizzly), to thrillers (10 to Midnight) and action films (Assassination, Messenger of Death). Throughout his career, he worked with cult filmmakers including William Girdler, Menahem Golan, Larry Cohen, and J. Lee Thompson.

William Girdler
'William Girdler' (October 22, 1947 –  January 21, 1978), also known as Billy Girdler, was an American filmmaker. In a span of six years, from 1972 to 1978, he directed nine feature films in such genres as horror and action. Girdler also wrote and produced three of his features, Abby, Sheba, Baby and The Manitou.
Single-particle tracking
Single-particle tracking (SPT) is the observation of the motion of individual particles within a medium. The coordinates time series, which can be either in two dimensions (x, y) or in three dimensions (x, y, z), is referred to as a trajectory. The trajectory is typically analyzed using statistical methods to extract information about the underlying dynamics of the particle. These dynamics can reveal information about the type of transport being observed (e.g., thermal or active), the medium where the particle is moving, and interactions with other particles. In the case of random motion, trajectory analysis can be used to measure the diffusion coefficient.

Microrheology
Microrheology is a technique used to measure the rheological properties of a medium, such as microviscosity, via the measurement of the trajectory of a flow tracer (a micrometre-sized particle). It is a new way of doing rheology, traditionally done using a rheometer. There are two types of microrheology: passive microrheology and active microrheology. Passive microrheology uses inherent thermal energy to move the tracers, whereas active microrheology uses externally applied forces, such as from a magnetic field or an optical tweezer, to do so.  Microrheology can be further differentiated into 1- and 2-particle methods.
1871 New England colonial by-election
A by-election for the seat of New England in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly was held on 6 January 1871 because of the resignation of Charles Weaver to accept appointment as a police magistrate at Gosford.

Charles Weaver (Australian politician)
Charles Thomas Weaver (1817 – 2 June 1874) was an English-born Australian politician.

He was born in Gloucester to pin manufacturer Charles Weaver and Maria Paten. He migrated to Australia around 1838. On 11 October 1854 he married Jacoba Henrietta Maria Johanna de Moulin, with whom he had eight children. He was a police magistrate at Armidale both before and after his political career. In 1869 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for New England, but he resigned in 1871. Weaver died at Armidale in 1874.
Ostiensis
Ostiensis (sometimes Hostiensis) is the Latin adjectival form of Ostia. It also refers to medieval Roman Catholic cardinals:

Leo of Ostia (died c. 1116), historian

Henry of Segusio (died 1271), canonist

Blessed Peter Damian (died 1072), Doctor of the Church, Cardinal Bishop of Ostia

Ostia Antica
Ostia Antica (lit. 'Ancient Ostia') is the modern name given to the ancient Roman city of Ostia. It became the port city of Rome located at the mouth of the Tiber and is near modern Ostia, 25 km (16 mi) southwest of Rome. Due to silting of the coastline from the river the site now lies 3 km (2 mi) from the sea. The name Ostia (the plural of ostium) derives from Latin os 'mouth'.

The city continued to be prosperous into late antiquity despite harbour deterioration. After its abandonment sand dunes covered the site and aided the city's preservation which is surpassed only by Pompeii and Herculaneum.

Ostia Antica is now a large archaeological site noted for the excellent preservation of its ancient buildings, magnificent frescoes and impressive mosaics. As in Pompeii, Ostia's remains provide details about Roman urbanism that are not accessible within the city of Rome itself.
Bill Brookes
William Brookes (c. 1882 – 18 February 1947), also known by the nickname of "Tubby", was a professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1900s. He played at representative level for England, and at club level for Outwood Church ARLFC, Kippax ARLFC, and Hunslet, as a forward.

Halifax Panthers
The Halifax Panthers are a professional rugby league club in Halifax, West Yorkshire, England. They play home games at The Shay and compete in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league.

Halifax Panthers won the League Championship four times and the Challenge Cup five times.

The club's parent company, Halifax Rugby League Football Club Limited, was placed into liquidation in February 2026 and the club's membership of the Rugby Football League terminated two days later.

They had rivalries with neighbours Bradford and Huddersfield of Super League, fellow Championship side Featherstone Rovers, and Pennines rivals Oldham and  Rochdale. The club's traditional home colours were blue and white hoops, white shorts, and blue and white socks.
Chagherbit-e Pain
Chagherbit-e Pain (Persian: چغربيت پائين, also Romanized as Chagherbīt-e Pā’īn; also known as Jowgharbīt and Joghrbīt) is a village in Bahu Kalat Rural District, Dashtiari District, Chabahar County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 138, in 30 families.

Bahu Kalat Rural District
Bahu Kalat Rural District (Persian: دهستان باهوكلات) is in Bahu Kalat District of Dashtiari County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Dempak Bazar. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Bahu Kalat.
Yotham Muleya
Yotam Siachobe Muleya (1940 – 23 November 1959) was a long-distance runner who represented Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia) and the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. Muleya broke racial barriers and opened a new era in Rhodesian sport when he beat the famous British four minute miler, Gordon Pirie, by 100 yards in a three-mile race at Salisbury, Southern Rhodesia in December 1958.

Salisbury
Salisbury (/ˈsɔːlzbəri/ SAWLZ-bər-ee, locally /ˈsɔːzbəri/ SAWZ-bər-ee) is a cathedral city and civil parish in Wiltshire, England with a population of 41,820, at the confluence of the rivers Avon, Nadder and Bourne. The city is approximately 20 miles (30 kilometres) from Southampton and 30 miles (50 kilometres) from Bath.

Salisbury is in the southeast of Wiltshire, near the edge of Salisbury Plain. An ancient cathedral was north of the present city at Old Sarum. A new cathedral was built near the meeting of the rivers and a settlement grew up around it, which received a city charter in 1227 as New Sarum. This continued to be its official name until 2009, when Salisbury City Council was established. Salisbury railway station is an interchange between the West of England Line and the Wessex Main Line.

Stonehenge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is 8 miles (13 kilometres) northwest of Salisbury.
Siwanoy
The Siwanoy (/ˈsaɪwənɔɪ/) were an Indigenous American band of Munsee-speaking people, who lived in Long Island Sound along the coasts of what are now The Bronx, Westchester County, New York, and Fairfield County, Connecticut. They were one of the western bands of the Wappinger Confederacy.  By 1640, their territory (Wykagyl) extended from Hell Gate to Norwalk, Connecticut, and as far inland as White Plains; it became hotly contested between Dutch and English colonial interests.: 28

Dutch colonization of the Americas
The Netherlands began its colonization of the Americas with the establishment of trading posts and plantations. The first forts and settlements along the Essequibo River in Guyana date from the 1590s. Actual colonization, with the Dutch settling in the new lands, was not as common as by other European nations.
This colonization preceded the much wider known colonization activities of the Dutch in Asia, as the first Dutch fort in Asia was built in 1600 in present-day Indonesia.

Many of the Dutch settlements were lost or abandoned by the end of the 17th century, but the Netherlands managed to retain possession of Suriname until it gained independence in 1975. Among its several colonies in the region, only the Dutch Caribbean still remains to be part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands today.
Shahid (Algeria)
A shahid (Arabic: شَهيد, romanized: Shahīd) is, in Algeria, the official title of any person (Algerian or foreign) who fought during the Algerian War in the ranks of the independence movement (mujahideen) and who fell on the field of honor or who died as a result of his commitment (shuhada). The shahids are designated in Algeria as "the symbol and pride of the Nation".

Mujahideen
Mujahideen or mujahidin (Arabic: مُجَاهِدِين, romanized: mujāhidīn), is the plural form of mujahid (Arabic: مُجَاهِد, romanized: mujāhid, lit. 'strugglers or strivers, doers of jihād'), an Arabic term that broadly refers to people who engage in jihad (lit. 'struggle or striving [for justice, right conduct, Godly rule, etc.]'), interpreted in a jurisprudence of Islam as the fight on behalf of God, religion or the community (ummah).

The widespread use of the word in English began with reference to the guerrilla-type militant groups led by the Islamist Afghan fighters in the Soviet–Afghan War (see Afghan mujahideen). The term now extends to other jihadist groups in various countries.
Rochambeau Worsted Company Mill
The Rochambeau Worsted Company Mill is a historic textile mill complex at 60 King Street in the Olneyville neighborhood of Providence, Rhode Island.  Set between King Street and the Woonasquatucket River, it is a three-story brick-clad steel frame structure, built about 1923.  It was the third mill in Rhode Island in which a French system of textile processing was implemented.  The business was established in 1922 by the Lepoutre Brothers, French immigrants who had first begun operations at the Lafayette Worsted Company in Woonsocket, and operated until 1956.  It was thereafter occupied by the Imperial Knife Company, which operated here until 1987, manufacturing tableware.

The complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.

Olneyville, Providence, Rhode Island
Olneyville is a neighborhood in Providence, Rhode Island bordered by Atwells Avenue to the north, U.S. Route 6 to the south and Rhode Island Route 10 to the east. The Woonasquatucket River runs through the southern portion of the neighborhood. The area is roughly triangular.

Olneyville Square is a major traffic intersection in Olneyville, defined by the intersection of Westminster Street, Broadway, Hartford Ave, Plainfield Street, and Manton Avenue.
Jinshan Temple (Hebi)
Jinshan Temple (Chinese: 金山寺; pinyin: Jīnshān Sì) is a Buddhist temple located in Qibin District of Hebi, Henan, China. It is approximately 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) southwest of the city of Hebi.  Jinshan Temple is the birthplace of the Chinese legend Legend of the White Snake (Madame White Snake).

Buddhist temple
A Buddhist temple or Buddhist monastery is the place of worship for adherents of Buddhism. They include the structures called vihara, chaitya, stupa, wat, khurul and pagoda in different regions and languages. Temples in Buddhism represent the pure land or pure environment of a Buddha. Traditional Buddhist temples are designed to inspire both inner and outer peace.

Buddhist temples follow a set of architectural guides adhering to Buddhist architecture principal, with stylistic derivatives seen throughout South Asia, Southeast Asia, and East Asia.
Djégbadji
Djégbadji is a town and arrondissement in the Atlantique Department of southern Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Ouidah. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 4170.

Ouidah
Ouidah (English: /ˈwiːdə/; French: [wi.da]) or Whydah (/ˈhwɪdə, -ɔː/; Ouidah, Juida, and Juda by the French; Ajudá by the Portuguese; and Fida by the Dutch), and known locally as Glexwe, formerly the chief port of the Kingdom of Whydah, is a city on the coast of the Republic of Benin. The commune covers an area of 364 km2 (141 sq mi) and as of 2002 had a population of 76,555 people.
Tre Voci
Tre Voci is a professional classical music trio made up of flutist Marina Piccinini, violist Kim Kashkashian, and harpist Sivan Magen. The ensemble was formed after Piccinini, Kashkashian, and Magen first performed together at the 2010 Marlboro Music Festival. Tre Voci has appeared at Carnegie Hall, London's Wigmore Hall, the Kimmel Center and Philadelphia Museum of Art through the Philadelphia Chamber Music Society, New England Conservatory's Jordan Hall, Eastman School of Music's Kilbourn Hall, University of Iowa Hancher Auditorium, Le Poisson Rouge, The Greene Space in New York City (hosted by NPR/Q2 Music), Italy's Accademia Chigiana, and more venues in the U.S., Canada, and Mexico.

Eastman School of Music
The Eastman School of Music is the music school of the University of Rochester, a private research university in Rochester, New York, United States. Established in 1921 by celebrated industrialist and philanthropist George Eastman, it was the first professional school of the university.

The school offers Bachelor of Music (BM) degrees, Master of Arts (MA) degrees, Master of Music (MM) degrees, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degrees, and Doctor of Musical Arts (DMA) degrees in various musical fields, along with a special dual degree with the College of Arts & Sciences for students with multiple interests. The school has three performing orchestras, the Eastman Philharmonia, the Eastman School Symphony Orchestra, and the Philharmonia Chamber Orchestra.

As of 2024, there were more than 950 students enrolled in the collegiate division of the Eastman School (approximately 500 undergraduate and 450 graduate students).
Kitty's Drift
Kitty's Drift is an early 3-mile (4.8 km) railway tunnel in the west of the English city of Newcastle upon Tyne. It was built around 1770 to transport coal underground from the East Kenton Colliery, at Kenton, to staithes on the Tyne at Scotswood. As built it was a single track waggonway with wooden rails and passing places for horsedrawn waggons.

The wagonway through the tunnel was abandoned in the first decade of the 19th century, with the colliery's output being transferred to the Kenton and Coxlodge Waggonway, which ran on the surface to the Tyne at Wallsend. However the tunnel continued in use as drainage for the colliery. In the 1930s the tunnel was again used to carry coal, in this case by the Montague Colliery from their Caroline Pit to the screens at their View Pit. In this case the wagons were cable-hauled, initially by steam power and latterly by electric power. The tunnel closed with the Montague Colliery in 1959, and its exact route is no longer known.

Wagonway
A wagonway (or waggonway; also known as a horse-drawn railway, or horse-drawn railroad) was a method of railway transportation that preceded the steam locomotive and used horses to haul wagons. The terms plateway and tramway were also used. The advantage of wagonways was that far bigger loads could be transported with the same power compared to horse haulage along roads.
HMS Kingsmill
Two ships of the British Royal Navy have been named HMS Kingsmill;

HMS Kingsmill (1912), an Acasta-class destroyer renamed HMS Sparrowhawk launched in 1912 and entered service in 1913. The ship was scuttled on 1 June 1916 and suffering damage in a collision during the Battle of Jutland.

HMS Kingsmill (K484), a Captain-class frigate, constructed as a US Evarts-class destroyer escort acquired through Lend-Lease in 1943 and took part in the invasion of Normandy. The ship was returned to the US in 1945 and sold for scrap in 1947.

HMS Kingsmill (K484)
HMS Kingsmill (K484) was a British Captain-class frigate of the Royal Navy in commission during World War II. Originally constructed as the United States Navy Evarts-class destroyer escort DE-280, she served in the Royal Navy from 1943 to 1945 and then in the U.S. Navy as USS Kingsmill (DE-280) from August to October 1945.
First Harman shadow cabinet
Harriet Harman led the Shadow Cabinet during her time as pro tempore Leader of the Labour Party in 2010—from the time Gordon Brown resigned as Labour Leader (and Prime Minister) until Ed Miliband was elected to the leadership.

With a few exceptions, Labour Cabinet ministers retained their roles in the Shadow Cabinet. Harman, who had been Leader of the House of Commons, gave the responsibility of shadowing that role to Rosie Winterton, who had attended Cabinet as Minister for Regional Economic Development and Coordination. The two peers who led Cabinet departments, Peter Mandelson at Business, Innovation and Skills and Andrew Adonis at Department for Transport, left the Shadow Cabinet in the first few days after Labour entered opposition. They were replaced by Pat McFadden and Sadiq Khan, previously junior ministers in each respective department.

Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet (United Kingdom)
The Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet, or His Majesty's Most Loyal Opposition Shadow Cabinet, usually simply the Shadow Cabinet, is the committee of senior members of the Official Opposition who scrutinise the work of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom. Each Shadow Cabinet member is typically given a position which corresponds to that of a government minister in Cabinet.
1981 Antrim Borough Council election
Elections to Antrim Borough Council were held on 20 May 1981 on the same day as the other Northern Irish local government elections. The election used three district electoral areas to elect a total of 15 councillors.

Local government in Northern Ireland
Local government in Northern Ireland is divided among 11 single-tier districts known as local government districts (abbreviated LGDs) and formerly known as district council areas (DCAs). Councils in Northern Ireland do not carry out the same range of functions as those in the rest of the United Kingdom; for example they have no responsibility for education, road-building or housing (although they do nominate members to the advisory Northern Ireland Housing Council). Their 
functions include planning, waste and recycling services, leisure and community services, building control and local economic and cultural development. The collection of rates is handled centrally by the Land and Property Services agency of the Northern Ireland Executive.
Peggy Ahwesh
Peggy Ahwesh (born 1954 in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania) is an American experimental filmmaker and video artist. She received her B.F.A. at Antioch College. A bricoleur who has created both narrative works and documentaries, some projects are scripted and others incorporate improvised performance. She makes use of sync sound, found footage, digital animation, and Pixelvision video. Her work is primarily an investigation of cultural identity and the role of the subject in various genres. Her interests include genre; women, sexuality and feminism; reenactment; and artists' books. Her works have been shown worldwide, including in San Francisco, New York, Barcelona, London, Toronto, Rotterdam, and Créteil, France. Starting in 1990, she has taught at Bard College as a Professor of Film and Electronic Arts. Her teaching interests include: experimental media, history of the non-fiction film, and women in film.

Bricolage
In the arts, bricolage (French for "DIY" or "do-it-yourself projects"; French pronunciation: [bʁikɔlaʒ]) is the construction or creation of a work from a diverse range of things that happen to be available, or a work constructed using mixed media.

The term bricolage has also been used in many other fields, including anthropology, philosophy, critical theory, education, computer software, public health, and business.
Buffer gas
A buffer gas is an inert or nonflammable gas.  In the Earth's atmosphere, nitrogen acts as a buffer gas.  A buffer gas adds pressure to a system and controls the speed of combustion with any oxygen present.  Any inert gas such as helium, neon, or argon will serve as a buffer gas.

A buffer gas usually consists of atomically inert gases such as helium, argon, or nitrogen. Krypton, neon, and xenon are also used, primarily for lighting. In most scenarios, buffer gases are used in conjunction with other molecules for the main purpose of causing collisions with the other co-existing molecules.

Buffer gases are commonly used in many applications from high pressure discharge lamps to reduce line width of microwave transitions in alkali atoms.

Pressure
Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.: 445  Gauge pressure (also spelled gage pressure) is the pressure relative to the ambient pressure.

Various units are used to express pressure. Some of these derive from a unit of force divided by a unit of area; the SI unit of pressure, the pascal (Pa), for example, is one newton per square metre (N/m2); similarly, the pound-force per square inch (psi, symbol lbf/in2) is the traditional unit of pressure in the imperial and US customary systems. Pressure may also be expressed in terms of standard atmospheric pressure; the unit atmosphere (atm) is equal to this pressure, and the torr is defined as 1⁄760 of this. Manometric units such as the centimetre of water, millimetre of mercury, and inch of mercury are used to express pressures in terms of the height of column of a particular fluid in a manometer.