hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Somdiha
Somdiha  is a village development committee in Kapilvastu District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4069 people living in 665 individual households. Somdiha is near to Khunuwa border india .

Lumbini Zone
Lumbini (Nepali: लुम्बिनी अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructure of zones to provinces. Within the zone is the city of Lumbini, widely believed to be the birthplace of Siddhartha Gautama, the founder of Buddhism and renowned as a major Buddhist pilgrimage site. The zone's headquarters was Butwal.
Obfuscation
Obfuscation is the obscuring of the intended meaning of communication by making the message difficult to understand, usually with confusing and ambiguous language. The obfuscation might be either unintentional or intentional (although intent usually is connoted), and is accomplished with circumlocution (talking around the subject), the use of jargon (technical language of a profession), and the use of an argot (ingroup language) of limited communicative value to outsiders.

In expository writing, unintentional obfuscation usually occurs in draft documents, at the beginning of composition; such obfuscation is illuminated with critical thinking and editorial revision, either by the writer or by an editor. Etymologically, the word obfuscation derives from the Latin obfuscatio, from obfuscāre (to darken); synonyms include the words beclouding and abstrusity.

Modes of discourse
The modes of discourse, sometimes known as rhetorical modes, are a broad classification of the major kinds of formal and academic writing (including speech-writing) by their purpose. Traditionally, this refers to these four modes—exposition, narration, description, and argumentation—as first classified by Samuel P. Newman in A Practical System of Rhetoric in 1827. Newman's modes of discourse have long influenced US writing instruction and particularly the design of mass-market writing assessments, despite critiques of the explanatory power of these classifications for non-school writing. Other scholars have devised alternative ways for categorizing writings by purpose.
English Text Construction
English Text Construction  is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal covering English studies, including applied linguistics, English language teaching, cultural studies, linguistics, and literary studies. It is  published by John Benjamins Publishing Company and was established in 2008. The journal publishes articles and book reviews, as well as review articles. The editors-in-chief are Gaëtanelle Gilquin (Université catholique de Louvain) and Lieven Vandelanotte (Facultés universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix and Katholieke Universiteit Leuven).

Université de Namur
The University of Namur or Université de Namur (UNamur) is a Jesuit university in Namur, in the French Community of Belgium. Both teaching and research in the university are carried out by six faculties.
Linear topology
In algebra, a linear topology on a left -module  is a topology on  that is invariant under translations and admits a fundamental system of neighborhoods of  that consist of submodules of  If there is such a topology,  is said to be linearly topologized. If  is given a discrete topology, then  becomes a topological -module with respect to a linear topology.

The notion is used more commonly in algebra than in analysis. Indeed, "[t]opological vector spaces with linear topology form a natural class of topological vector spaces over discrete fields, analogous to the class of locally convex topological vector spaces over the normed fields of real or complex numbers in functional analysis."

The term "linear topology" goes back to Lefschetz' work.

Neighbourhood system
In topology and related areas of mathematics, the neighbourhood system, complete system of neighbourhoods, or neighbourhood filter  for a point  in a topological space is the collection of all neighbourhoods of
Luqman Hakim Shamsudin
Luqman Hakim bin Shamsuddin (Jawi: لقمان الحكيم بن الشمس الدين, IPA: [luqman hakɪm bɪn ʃamsudɪn]; born 5 March 2002) is a Malaysian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Malaysia Super League club Negeri Sembilan and the Malaysia national team.

Njarðvík (men's football)
Njarðvík FC (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈnjarðˌviːk]), commonly known as Njarðvík or UMFN, is the men's football department of Ungmennafélag Njarðvíkur multi-sport club, based in the town of Reykjanesbær in Iceland. It currently plays in the Icelandic football league system second-tier 1. deild karla.
2001 Gatineau municipal election
The 2001 Gatineau municipal election was held on Sunday, November 4, 2001, to elect a mayor and city councillors in Gatineau, Quebec, Canada. The election was held on the same day as the 2001 Quebec municipal elections.

Gatineau City Council
The Gatineau City Council (French: Conseil municipal de Gatineau) is the governing body for the mayor–council government in the city of Gatineau, Quebec, Canada. It is composed of 19 city councillors and the mayor. The mayor is elected at large, while each councillor represents wards throughout the city. Council members are elected to four-year terms, with the last election being on November 7, 2021. The council meets at the Maison du Citoyen in the Hull sector. Much of the council's work is done in the standing committees made up of sub-groups of councillors. The decisions made in these committees are presented to the full council and voted upon.

The head of the city council is called the speaker. The current speaker is Steven Boivin, the Independent city councillor for Aylmer District.
1992 United States presidential election in Missouri
The 1992 United States presidential election in Missouri was held on November 3, 1992, as part of the broader 1992 United States presidential election in all fifty states and the District of Columbia. Voters chose 11 electors, or representatives to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice-president.

From 1904 to 2004, Missouri voted for the eventual winner of every presidential election except 1956. The state was won in 1992 by Governor of Arkansas Bill Clinton (D) with 44.07 percent of the popular vote, over incumbent President George Herbert Walker Bush (R) with 33.92 percent of the popular vote — the smallest vote share for a Republican since 1860 when the party was not seriously contesting slave states outside of the Missouri Rhineland. Independent Ross Perot performed extremely well for a third-party candidate with 21.69 percent of the popular vote — the best third-party performance in Missouri since Constitutional Unionist John Bell in that same 1860 election.

Maries County, Missouri
Maries County is a county located in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, its population was 8,432. Its county seat is Vienna.  The county was organized March 2, 1855, and named for the Maries River and Little Maries River. The word "Maries" is derived from the French word marais, which means "marsh, lake, or pond".
Pelkosenniemi
Pelkosenniemi (Inari Sami: Pelkosnjargâ) is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the province of Lapland. The municipality has a population of 922
(30 June 2025), which make it the smallest municipality in Lapland in terms of population. It covers an area of 1,881.58 square kilometres (726.48 sq mi) of
which 45.4 km2 (17.5 sq mi)
is water. The population density is
0.5 inhabitants per square kilometre (1.3/sq mi). Neighbour municipalities are Kemijärvi, Rovaniemi, Salla, Savukoski and Sodankylä.

The municipality is unilingually Finnish and in 2000 was the last remaining municipality in Finland to have its entire population consist of native speakers of Finnish. As of 2010 there were two native speakers of other languages in Pelkosenniemi.

Pelkosenniemi hosts a popular mosquito swatting competition.

Inari Sámi language
Inari Sámi (Inari Sami: anarâškielâ, lit. 'the Inarian language' or aanaarsämikielâ, 'the Inari (Aanaar) Sámi language') is a Sámi language spoken by the Inari Sámi of Finland. As of 2018, Inari Sámi has approximately 400 speakers, the majority of whom are middle-aged or older and live in the municipality of Inari. According to the Sámi Parliament of Finland, 269 persons used Inari Sámi as their first language. It is the only Sámi language that is spoken exclusively in Finland. The language is classified as being seriously endangered, as few children learn it; however, more and more children are learning it in language nests.
1938–39 Rugby Union County Championship
The 1938–39 Rugby Union County Championship was the 46th edition of England's premier rugby union club competition at the time.

Warwickshire won the competition for the first time after defeating Somerset in the final.

Warwickshire Rugby Football Union
The Warwickshire Rugby Football Union is a governing body for rugby union in part of The Midlands, England. The union is the constituent body of the Rugby Football Union for the city of Coventry and the county of Warwickshire. The current president is Yorkie Kinmond of the Earlsdon Rugby Club.
1996 ITC Magny-Cours round
The 1996 ITC Magny-Cours round was the ninth round of the 1996 International Touring Car Championship season. It took place on 15 September at the Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours.

Alessandro Nannini won both races, driving an Alfa Romeo 155 V6 TI.

Alfa Romeo 155
The Alfa Romeo 155 (Type 167) is a compact executive car produced by Italian automobile manufacturer Alfa Romeo between 1992 and 1998. It was unveiled in January 1992 at Barcelona, with the first public launch in March 1992, at the Geneva Motor Show. A total of 195,526 units were made before it was replaced by the 156.
Nina Searl
Mary Nina Searl (13 October 1883 – 26 February 1955) was an English psychologist and one of the earliest British child psychoanalysts, who came by way of the Brunswick Square Clinic to become a member of the British Psychoanalytical Society. She was analysed by Hanns Sachs.

Among her supervisees was John Bowlby while she also helped train D. W. Winnicott and Susan Isaacs.

British Psychoanalytical Society
The British Psychoanalytical Society was founded by Ernest Jones as the London Psychoanalytical Society on 30 October 1913. It is one of several organisations in Britain training psychoanalysts.

The society has been home to a number of psychoanalysts, including Wilfred Bion, Donald Winnicott, Anna Freud and Melanie Klein. Today it has over 400 members and is a member organisation of the International Psychoanalytical Association.
Miss USA 2023
Miss USA 2023 was the 72nd Miss USA pageant, held at the Grand Sierra Resort in Reno, Nevada, on September 29, 2023. All times in this article are Pacific Time Zone (UTC-7)

Morgan Romano of North Carolina crowned Noelia Voigt of Utah as her successor at the end of the event. This is Utah's third Miss USA title and first win in sixty-three years. Voigt resigned from the title on May 6, 2024, due to mental health. Savannah Gankiewicz of Hawaii was later announced as her successor on May 9, 2024.

The competition was hosted by Keltie Knight and Adrienne Bailon-Houghton, with Jordan Kimball and Miss USA 2022 Morgan Romano as correspondents. This was the first  pageant to be held under the directorship of fashion designer Laylah Rose, and aired on The CW. It was also the last edition with an upper age limit of twenty-eight years.

Grand Sierra Resort
Grand Sierra Resort (formerly MGM Grand Reno, Bally's Reno and Reno Hilton) is a hotel and casino located approximately three miles east of Downtown Reno, Nevada, United States. The hotel has 1,990 guest rooms and suites, 27 floors, 12 restaurants, including Charlie Palmer Steak by celebrity chef Charlie Palmer, and a casino with 80,000 sq ft (7,400 m2) of space. GSR has a movie theater, a Race & Sports Book, nightclubs including LEX Nightclub, a 25,000 sq ft (2,300 m2) venue with a swimming pool, lake golf driving range, an RV park and an ice rink. It is owned and operated by Downey, California based company headed by Meruelo Enterprises.
Yaw Appau
Yaw Appau is a Ghanaian judge who has served as a justice of the Supreme Court of Ghana from July 2015 to August 2021.

Justice Appau hails from Badu in the Tain District of Bono Region of Ghana. He was called to the Bar in 1982. Prior to his appointment at the Supreme Court of Ghana, he had served in various capacities in the Judiciary of Ghana. He was sworn into office on 29 June 2015.

Judiciary of Ghana
The Judiciary of Ghana comprises the Superior Courts of Judicature, established under the 1992 Constitution, and the Inferior Courts, established by Parliament. The hierarchy of courts derives largely from British juridical forms. The courts have jurisdiction over all civil and criminal matters.
Ian Potts
Ian Potts (1936–2014) was a painter and educator, who was head of the painting department at the Brighton College of Art and exhibited largely as a watercolour landscape artist.

Potts’ work has been added to several public and private collections; including the Victoria and Albert Museum, London; Arts Council collection; Towner Gallery, Eastbourne; Hove Museum, East Sussex Council; as well as the University of Brighton's Aldrich Collection.

Arts Council Collection
The Arts Council Collection is a national loan collection of modern and contemporary British art. It was founded in 1946. The collection continues to acquire works each year. The Arts Council Collection reaches its audience through loans to public institutions, touring exhibitions, digital and outreach projects. The collection supports artists based in the UK through the purchase and display of their work, safeguarding it.

The collection is managed by the Southbank Centre on behalf of Arts Council England, from which it is supported with public funds.
Charlie Aust
Lieutenant Colonel John Charles Wyatt Aust MLM, commonly known as Charlie Aust (1942 – 15 November 2017) was a Rhodesian military commander. He was born in Enkeldoorn, Southern Rhodesia and was the last commanding officer of the Rhodesian Light Infantry (RLI).

Chivhu
Chivhu, originally known as Enkeldoorn, is a small town in Zimbabwe, with an estimated population of 10,000 in 2007. It is located 146 km (91 mi) south of Harare on the main road south to Masvingo and South Africa.
Jesse Sarajärvi
Jesse Otto Sarajärvi (born 20 May 1995) is a Finnish footballer, who most recently played for Seinäjoen Jalkapallokerho.

Sarajärvi was a part of the Veikkausliiga title winning SJK in 2015, but only played in one game. It was the first title in club history. He made his SJK debut in 2012.

In January 2020 it was told that Sarajärvi would take a break from football because of a tumour in his pituitary gland.

Sarajärvi's father is entrepreneur and SJK chairman Raimo Sarajärvi.

Seinäjoen Jalkapallokerho
Seinäjoen Jalkapallokerho, commonly referred to as SJK, also internationally SJK Seinäjoki, is a Finnish professional football club from the city of Seinäjoki. The club plays in the Veikkausliiga, the highest tier of the Finnish league system. Their home ground is OmaSP Stadion, which is located near the city center and next to SJK's training facility Wallsport. SJK was formed in 2007 after the merger of TP-Seinäjoki and Sepsi-78. After starting in the third-tier, the club won the promotion to Veikkausliiga in 2014, and the next year won its first Finnish championship title.
San Tirso
San Tirso (Asturian: San Tisu) is one of eleven parishes (administrative divisions) in Candamo, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

It is 7.59 km2 (2.93 sq mi) in size with a population of 123 as of January 1, 2024.

Asturian language
Asturian (/æˈstʊəriən/; asturianu [astuˈɾjanʊ]) is a West Iberian Romance language spoken in the Principality of Asturias, Spain. Asturian is part of a wider linguistic group, the Asturleonese languages. The number of speakers is estimated at 100,000 (native) and 450,000 (second language). The dialects of the Astur-Leonese language family are traditionally classified in three groups: Western, Central, and Eastern. For historical and demographic reasons, the standard is based on Central Asturian. Asturian has a distinct grammar, dictionary, and orthography. It is regulated by the Academy of the Asturian Language. Although it is not an official language of Spain, it is protected under the Statute of Autonomy of Asturias and is an elective language in schools. For much of its history, the language has been ignored or "subjected to repeated challenges to its status as a language variety" due to its lack of official status.
Inverse Galois problem
In Galois theory, the inverse Galois problem concerns whether or not every finite group appears as the Galois group of some Galois extension of the rational numbers . This problem, first posed in the early 19th century, is unsolved.

There are some permutation groups for which generic polynomials are known, which define all algebraic extensions of  having a particular group as Galois group. These groups include all of degree no greater than 5. There also are groups known not to have generic polynomials, such as the cyclic group of order 8.

More generally, let G be a given finite group, and K a field. If there is a Galois extension field L/K whose Galois group is isomorphic to G, one says that G is realizable over K.

Algebraic extension
In mathematics, an algebraic extension is a field extension L/K such that every element of the larger field L is algebraic over the smaller field K; that is, every element of L is a root of a non-zero polynomial with coefficients in K. A field extension that is not algebraic, is said to be transcendental, and must contain transcendental elements, that is, elements that are not algebraic.

The algebraic extensions of the field  of the rational numbers are called algebraic number fields and are the main objects of study of algebraic number theory. Another example of a common algebraic extension is the extension  of the real numbers by the complex numbers.
Nokia 7390
The Nokia 7390 is a mobile phone featuring the Series 40 interface from the L'Amour Collection. It was announced in September 2006 and released in December 2006. It is the first 3G-capable fashion phone from Nokia. One of the useful features of the phone is the ability to play music or take pictures without opening it. The camera's maximum resolution is at 3 megapixels. The on-board music player can play MP3, AAC, eAAC+, and WMA formats and more. It is available in Bronze Black and Powder Pink.

High-Efficiency Advanced Audio Coding
High-Efficiency Advanced Audio Coding (HE-AAC) is an audio coding format for lossy data compression of digital audio as part of the MPEG-4 standards. It is an extension of Low Complexity AAC (AAC-LC) optimized for low-bitrate applications such as streaming audio.

The usage profile HE-AAC v1 uses spectral band replication (SBR) to enhance the modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT) compression efficiency in the frequency domain. The usage profile HE-AAC v2 couples SBR with Parametric Stereo (PS) to further enhance the compression efficiency of stereo signals.

HE-AAC is defined as an MPEG-4 Audio profile in ISO/IEC 14496–3. HE-AAC is used in digital radio standards like HD Radio, DAB+ and Digital Radio Mondiale.
Michelle Reddy
Michelle Reddy is a women's rights advocate in Fiji. Reddy attended the University of the South Pacific, where she earned her Bachelor of Education degree in Literature and Language, going on to earn two postgraduate diplomas, one in literature, and one in development studies. She has held several roles including being an Acting Executive Director of the Fiji Women's Rights Movement (FWRM) and served as the manager of the Fiji Women's Fund from 2017 to 2022. She joined the newly-formed Pacific Feminist Fund in 2022. In 2008 she represented Fiji at the Association for Women's Rights in Development conference in Cape Town, South Africa.

Development studies
Development studies is an interdisciplinary branch of social science. Development studies is offered as a specialized master's degree in a number of reputed universities around the world. It has grown in popularity as a subject of study since the early 1990s, and has been most widely taught and researched in developing countries and countries with a colonial history, such as the UK, where the discipline originated. Students of development studies often choose careers in international organisations such as the United Nations, World Bank, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), media and journalism houses, private sector development consultancy firms, corporate social responsibility (CSR) bodies and research centers.
Logsdail
Logsdail is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Leonard Logsdail (born 1950), British  tailor

Nicholas Logsdail (born 1945), British art dealer

William Logsdail (1859–1944), English artist

Leonard Logsdail
Leonard Logsdail (born September 11, 1950, in London, England) is a bespoke tailor specializing in men's suits based in Manhattan, New York. Renowned for his high-end suits and unique  Hermès silk scarf linings, he has designed for numerous films and worked with directors like Steven Spielberg, Robert De Niro, Oliver Stone, Ridley Scott and Martin Scorsese. He had cameo appearances as a tailor in The Wolf of Wall Street, Wall Street 2: Money Never Sleeps, and The Good Shepherd.
Windsor Castle, Kensington
The Windsor Castle is a Grade II listed public house at 114 Campden Hill Road near Holland Park, London.

Located on the corner of Campden Hill Road and Peel Street, the pub was built in about 1826 for the Chiswick brewers Douglas and Henry Thompson, on land rented on a 99-year lease from landowner John Ward. The architect is unknown. Remodelled in 1933, the pub is on the Campaign for Real Ale's National Inventory of Historic Pub Interiors.

Holland Park
Holland Park is an area of Kensington, on the western edge of Central London, that lies within the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea and largely surrounds its namesake park, Holland Park.

Holland Park contains some of the most expensive residential streets in London and the United Kingdom, including Addison Road, Holland Villas Road and Ilchester Place. Past and present residents include Sir David and Victoria Beckham, Sir Elton John, David Cameron, Ed Sheeran, Sir Richard Branson, and Robbie Williams, among others. The small neighbourhood is further home to the embassies of several countries, including Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Greece, Jordan, Russia and Lebanon.

The area is principally composed of tree-lined streets with large Victorian mansions and cultural tourist attractions such as the Design Museum and Leighton House, luxury spas, hotels, and restaurants along Holland Park Avenue and Kensington High Street.
(55638) 2002 VE95
(55638) 2002 VE95 (provisional designation 2002 VE95) is a trans-Neptunian object from the outermost region of the Solar System. It was discovered on 14 November 2002, by astronomers with the Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking program at the Palomar Observatory in California, United States. This resonant trans-Neptunian object is a member of the plutino population, locked in a 2:3 resonance with Neptune. The object is likely of primordial origin with a heterogeneous surface and a notably reddish color (RR) attributed to the presence of methanol and tholins. It has a poorly defined rotation period of 6.8 hours and measures approximately 250 kilometers (160 miles) in diameter.

Provisional designation in astronomy
Provisional designation is the naming convention applied to astronomical objects immediately following their discovery. The provisional designation is usually superseded by a permanent designation once a reliable orbit has been calculated. As of 2019, approximately 47% of the more than 1,100,000 known minor planets remain provisionally designated, as hundreds of thousands have been discovered in the last two decades. The modern system is overseen by the Minor Planet Center of the International Astronomical Union.