hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Husayn Kashifi
Kamāl al-Dīn Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī Kāshifī, Persian: کمال‌الدین حسین بن علی سبزواری best simply known as Husayn Kashifi, Persian: مولانا حسین واعظ کاشفی was a prolific Persian prose-stylist, a poet, a Quran exegete, a Sufi scholar, and an astronomer of the Timurid era. Kashifi was his pen name, whereas his surname al-Wāʿiẓ ("the preacher") denoted his professional occupation.

He spent most of his career in Herat, where his academic activities were supported by Ali-Shir Nava'i, a senior vizier in the Timurid court during Sultan Husayn Bayqara's rule, hence the reason for Kashifi to dedicate most of his works to Nava'i. He was also very close to the famous Persian poet and Sufi, Nur al-Din 'Abd al-Rahman Jami.

His famous works include Akhlaq-e Mohseni and Anwar-e Sohaili in Persian prose, and Jawaher al-Tafsir and Mawaheb-e 'Aliyya which are Persian tafsirs of the Quran.

Sultan Husayn Bayqara
Sultan Husayn Bayqara Mirza (Persian: سلطان حسین بایقرا Husayn Bāyqarā; June/July 1438 – 4 May 1506) was the Timurid ruler of Herat from 1469 until May 4, 1506, with a brief interruption in 1470.

A skilled statesman, Sultan Husayn Bayqara was best known for his interest in the arts and was renowned as a benefactor and patron of learning in his kingdom, with his reign being heralded as the second Timurid Renaissance. He has been described as "the quintessential Timurid ruler of the later period in Transoxiana" and his sophisticated court and generous artistic patronage was a source of admiration, particularly from his cousin, the Mughal emperor Babur. Sultan Husayn Bayqara was the last Timurid ruler of consequence in Khorasan.
1977 LPGA Championship
The 1977 LPGA Championship was the 23rd LPGA Championship, played June 9–12, 1977 at the Gold Course of Bay Tree Golf Plantation in North Myrtle Beach, South Carolina.

Chako Higuchi won her only major title, three strokes ahead of runners-up Pat Bradley, Sandra Post, and Judy Rankin.

The purse was nearly tripled this year to $150,000, up from $55,000 in 1976.

It was the first golf major to be held in South Carolina. The Bay Tree Golf Plantation courses were closed and abandoned in 2006. Since then, the Senior PGA Championship (2007), PGA Championship (2012, 2021, 2031) (all at Kiawah Island Golf Resort's The Ocean Course), and the U.S. Women's Open (2019, Country Club of Charleston) have been held or are scheduled to be conducted in the state, with all four in the Charleston market.

Kiawah Island Golf Resort
Kiawah Island Golf Resort is a resort on Kiawah Island, South Carolina, located along a ten-mile (16 km) mix of island and beachfront property approximately thirty miles (48 km) southwest of Charleston.

Opened in May 1974, the resort is home to The Sanctuary at Kiawah Island Golf Resort, a Forbes Five-Star/AAA Five-Diamond 255-room hotel and spa. The resort also manages nearly 500 private villas and homes and has more than a dozen restaurants.

Best known for its golf courses, the resort also features the Roy Barth Tennis Center, which has 22 tennis courts and is home to the Barth-Hawtin Tennis Academy.
Cutler and Gross
Cutler and Gross is a British luxury eyewear brand, founded in London by opticians Graham Cutler and Tony Gross in 1969. The frames are handmade in the brand's atelier in Italy, and have been worn by the likes of Madonna, Javier Bardem, Bill Nighy, Rihanna, Lady Gaga, Kate Moss and Manolo Blahnik.

Luxury goods
In economics, a luxury good (or upmarket good) is a product or item or service  for which demand increases more than what is proportional as income rises, so that expenditures on the good become a more significant proportion of overall spending. Luxury goods are in contrast to necessity goods, where demand increases proportionally less than income. Whereas people consume necessity goods to meet basic survival needs, luxury goods are consumed both for their "intrinsic quality and to signal their wealth and confirm social status." In economics, luxury goods is often used synonymously with superior goods.
Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development
The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development (Norwegian: Kommunal- og distriktsdepartementet, KDD) is a Norwegian ministry established in 1948. It is responsible for housing and building, regional and rural policy, municipal and county administration and finances, and the conduct of elections. It is headed by the Minister of Local Government and Regional Development.

During the Solberg government, the ministry was called the Ministry of Local Government and Modernisation. This was created by merging the ongoing ministry with the Ministry of Government Administration, Reform and Church Affairs and the planning department in the Ministry of the Environment. The ministry adopted its current name on 1 January 2022.

Sigbjørn Gjelsvik
Sigbjørn Gjelsvik  (born 30 March 1974) is a Norwegian politician for the Centre Party. He was elected to the Storting in 2017, won re-election in 2021 but lost his seat in 2025. He also served as minister of local government from 2022 to 2023.
Mavhuthu Davhana
Mavhuthu Kingi David Davhana (7 August 1928 – 19 April 1999) was a South African politician and Venda traditional leader. He was elected to represent the African National Congress in the National Assembly in the 1994 general election, but he died shortly before the end of the legislative term.

One of his children is Mashudu Davhana-Maselesele, an academic who was the first woman to be appointed as rector of North West University's Mahikeng campus.

Mafikeng
Mahikeng (Tswana for "Place of Rocks"), formerly known as Mafikeng and alternatively known as Mafeking (/ˈmæfəkɪŋ/, US also /ˈmɑːf-/), is the capital city of the North West province of South Africa.

Close to South Africa's border with Botswana, Mafikeng is 1,400 km (870 mi) northeast of Cape Town and 260 km (160 mi) west of Johannesburg. In 2001 it had a population of 49,300. In 2007 Mafikeng was reported to have a population of 250,000, of which the CBD constituted between 69,000 and 75,000. It is built on the open veld at an elevation of 1,500 m (4,921 ft), by the banks of the Upper Molopo River. The Madibi goldfields are some 15 kilometres (9+1⁄2 miles) south of the town.
Maram (horse)
Maram (February 10, 2006 – September 6, 2012 in Kentucky) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse best known for winning the 2008 Breeders' Cup Juvenile Fillies Turf.

In 2009, Maram won the John Hettinger Stakes at Saratoga Race Course.

Maram was euthanized on September 6, 2012, after an acute illness. She left behind her first foal, a 2012 colt by Giant's Causeway. She was in foal to Elusive Quality at the time of her death.

Breeders' Cup Juvenile Fillies Turf
The Breeders' Cup Juvenile Fillies Turf is a one-mile turf stakes race for thoroughbred fillies two years old. As its name implies, it is part of the Breeders' Cup World Championships, the de facto year-end championship for North American thoroughbred racing.

The race was run for the first time in 2008 during the first day of Breeders' Cup racing at that year's host track, Santa Anita Park. Because of technical requirements, it was not eligible for classification as a graded stakes race in its first two runnings. The American Graded Stakes Committee made it a Grade II race in 2010. Effective with the 2012 edition, it became a Grade I race.
Ritual Coffee Roasters
Ritual Coffee Roasters is a coffee roaster based in San Francisco, California, with six cafes in San Francisco and Napa. Founded in 2005, Ritual Roasters is considered part of the "third wave of coffee" independent companies which both roast their own beans, wholesale, and operate cafes. Their peers include Blue Bottle Coffee Company and Four Barrel Coffee, among others. In March 2017, Somatik partnered with Ritual Coffee to make $12 marijuana-infused cold brew.

In 2021, the Haight Street location of Ritual Coffee Roasters was damaged during a shooting in the area, when the café was struck by gunfire. The incident was cited in later reporting as one of several challenges affecting the operation of the location. In March 2025, the company announced the closure of its Haight Street café, ending a nine-year presence in the neighbourhood, with the location scheduled to close on April 11.

Third-wave coffee
Third-wave coffee is a term primarily in the United States  coffee industry emphasizing higher quality,  single-origin farms and light roast to bring out distinctive flavors. Though the term was coined in 1999, the approach originated in the 1970s, with roasters such as the Coffee Connection.
WTCQ
WTCQ (97.7 FM, "98Q") is a radio station broadcasting a classic hits format. It is licensed to Vidalia, Georgia, United States. The station is currently owned by Dennis Jones, through licensee RadioJones, LLC, and features programming from Westwood One and Jones Radio Network.

Vidalia, Georgia
Vidalia (/vaɪˈdeɪliə/ vye-DAYL-yə, locally /-ˈdeɪjə/ -⁠DAY-yə) is a city located primarily in Toombs County, Georgia, United States. The city also extends very slightly into Montgomery County. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 10,785.

Vidalia is the principal city of the Vidalia Micropolitan Statistical Area, a micropolitan area that covers Montgomery and Toombs counties, and had a combined population of 35,640 at the 2020 census.
Chairman responsibility system
The chairman responsibility system (Chinese: 军委主席负责制; pinyin: Jūnwěi Zhǔxí Fùzézhì) is a military system in the People's Republic of China to ensure the absolute leadership of the chairman over the Central Military Commission. The system ensures the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)'s absolute control over the military and that the chairman is the commander-in-chief of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), the People's Armed Police (PAP) and the Militia.

Militia (China)
The Militia (Chinese: 民兵; pinyin: Mínbīng) or Militia of China (Chinese: 中国民兵; pinyin: Zhōngguó Mínbīng) is the militia part of the armed forces of China, the other two parts being the People's Liberation Army (PLA) and the People's Armed Police (PAP). The Militia is commanded by the Central Military Commission of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and serves as an auxiliary and reserve force for the PLA. It is one of the largest militias in the world.
Alabama Stage and Screen Hall of Fame
The Alabama Stage and Screen Hall of Fame was founded in 1998 for the purpose of honoring Alabamians who have made significant contributions to film, television or theatre.  The organization is sponsored jointly by Theatre Tuscaloosa and Shelton State Community College in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.

Nell Carter
Nell Carter (born Nell Ruth Hardy; September 13, 1948 – January 23, 2003) was an American actress and singer.

Carter began her career in 1970, singing in the theater, and later began work on television. She was best known for her role as Nell Harper on the sitcom Gimme a Break!, which aired from 1981 to 1987. Carter received two Emmy and two Golden Globe award nominations for her work on the series. Prior to Gimme a Break!, Carter won a Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Musical in 1978 for her performance in the Broadway musical Ain't Misbehavin' as well as a Primetime Emmy Award for her reprisal of the role on television in 1982.
Turtleheart
Turtleheart (Turtle's Heart or Tortle's Heart, his unami name was Tahkoxitèh) was a Delaware (Lenape) principal warrior and chief who lived during the French and Indian Wars, and Pontiac's War. He and Lenape Chief Killbuck represented the Delaware Nation at the Treaty of Fort Stanwix in 1768.

Delaware Nation
The Delaware Nation (Delaware: Èhëliwsikakw Lënapeyok), based in Anadarko, Oklahoma is one of three federally recognized tribes of Lenape or Delaware Indians in the United States, along with the Delaware Indians based in Bartlesville, Oklahoma and the Stockbridge–Munsee Community of Wisconsin. Two Lenape First Nations are in Ontario, Canada.

The Delaware Nation was also known as the Delaware Tribe of Western Oklahoma and was sometimes called the Absentee or Western Delaware.
Dick Tucker (American football)
Hal Richard Tucker (July 4, 1926 – July 26, 2018) was an American junior college football coach and athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at Orange Coast College in Costa Mesa, California from 1962 to 1985, compiling a record of 129–102–5 in 24 seasons. He led the Orange Coast Pirates to two junior college national titles, in 1963 and 1975. Tucker was also the head golf coach and athletic director at Orange Coast.

Tucker played college football at Whittier College from 1946 to 1950 as a quarterback under head coach Wallace Newman. He was the head football coach at Brea Olinda High School in Brea, California from 1951 to 1961, tallying a mark of 98–18–1 in 11 seasons.

Tucker died on September 14, 2009, at the age of 92.

Costa Mesa, California
Costa Mesa (/ˌkoʊstə ˈmeɪsə/ KOH-stə MAY-sə; Spanish for 'Mesa Coast') is a city in Orange County, California, United States. Since its incorporation in 1953, the city has grown from a semi-rural farming community of 16,840 to an urban area including part of the South Coast Plaza–John Wayne Airport edge city, one of the region's largest commercial clusters, with an economy based on retail, commerce, and light manufacturing. The population was 111,918 at the 2020 census.
Evangelical Fellowship of Canada
The Evangelical Fellowship of Canada  (EFC; French: Alliance évangélique du Canada) is a national evangelical alliance in Canada, member of the World Evangelical Alliance. Its affiliates comprise 43 evangelical Christian denominations, 66 Christian organizations, 38 seminaries and universities, and 600 congregations. It claims to represent nearly 2 million Christians. The head office is in Ottawa, Ontario.  Its president is David Guretzki.

World Evangelical Alliance
The World Evangelical Alliance (WEA) is an interdenominational organization of evangelical Christian churches with 600 million adherents that was founded in 1846 in London, England, to unite evangelicals worldwide. WEA is the largest international organization of evangelical churches. It has offices at the United Nations in New York City, Geneva, and Bonn. It brings together nine regional and 143 national evangelical alliances of churches, and over one hundred member organizations. Moreover, a number of international evangelical denominations are members of the WEA. Its General Secretary is Israeli Baptist elder Botrus Mansour.
Hiltunen
Hiltunen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eila Hiltunen (1922–2003), Finnish sculptor

Onni Hiltunen (1895–1971), Finnish politician

Päivi Hiltunen-Toivio (born 1952), Finnish lawyer and diplomat

Petri Hiltunen (born 1967), Finnish cartoonist and illustrator

Pia Hiltunen (born 1991), Finnish politician

Pia Hiltunen
Pia Hiltunen (born 1991) is a Finnish politician. Hiltunen was elected as a Member of Parliament for the Social Democratic Party (SDP) from the Oulu constituency in the 2023 Finnish parliamentary election. She is a member of the Education and Legal Affairs Committee and a deputy member of the Environment Committee in the Parliament. Hiltunen also serves as a city councillor for Oulu.
Suzuki Victoris
The Suzuki Victoris or Across is a subcompact crossover SUV (B-segment) produced by Suzuki in India since 2025. It was released on 3 September 2025 in India to complement the similarly sized Suzuki Grand Vitara. The vehicle was developed by Suzuki using the Global C platform.

In India, the model is exclusively available at the Maruti Suzuki Arena dealership chain, whilst the Grand Vitara is exclusively available at the Nexa dealership chain. It will be produced in India with export plans to more than 100 countries.

B-segment
The B-segment is the second smallest of the European segments for passenger cars between the A-segment and C-segment, and commonly described as "small cars". The B-segment is the third largest segment in Europe by sales volume, accounting for 15.5% percent of total car sales in 2024 according to JATO Dynamics. B-segment cars include hatchback, saloon, estate, coupe/convertible, MPV, and crossover/SUV body styles.

The B-segment is considered as the European equivalent to the subcompact category widely known in North America, the A0-class in China, and the supermini category for B-segment hatchbacks in Great Britain.
AC Palmanova
Associazione Calcio Palmanova, or simply Palmanova, was an Italian association football club located in Palmanova, Friuli-Venezia Giulia. In 2010 it was dissolved and since then it has been carrying out only youth activities.

Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italian: [friˈuːli veˈnɛttsja ˈdʒuːlja]) is one of the 20 regions of Italy and one of five autonomous regions with special statute. The regional capital is Trieste on the Gulf of Trieste, a bay of the Adriatic Sea.

Friuli-Venezia Giulia has a population of 1,194,095 in an area of 7,924.36 square kilometres (3,059.61 sq mi) as of 2025. A natural opening to the sea for many central European countries, the region is traversed by the major transport routes between the east and west of Southern Europe. It encompasses the historical-geographical region of Friuli and a small portion of the historical region of Venezia Giulia—also known in English as the Julian March—each with its own distinct history, traditions and identity.
Market reforms of Alauddin Khalji
In the early 14th century, the Delhi Sultanate ruler Alauddin Khalji (reigned 1296–1316) instituted price controls and related reforms in his empire. He fixed the prices for a wide range of goods, including grains, cloth, slaves and animals. He banned hoarding and regrating, appointed supervisors and spies to ensure compliance with the regulations, and severely punished the violators. The reforms were implemented in the capital Delhi, and possibly, other areas of the Sultanate.

Alauddin's courtier Amir Khusrau states that Alauddin's objective was the welfare of the general public. However, Ziauddin Barani (c. 1357), the main source of information about the reforms, states that the Sultan's objective was to subjugate the Hindus and to maintain an unprecedentedly large army (the low prices would make low salaries acceptable for the soldiers). The reforms were revoked shortly after Alauddin's death, by his son Qutbuddin Mubarak Shah.

Firishta
Firishta or Ferešte (Persian: فرشته), full name Muhammad Qasim Hindu Shah Astarabadi (Persian: محمدقاسم هندوشاہ استرابادی), was a Persian historian, who later settled in India and served the Deccan Sultans as their court historian. He was born in 1570 and died between 1611 and 1623.
André Castaigne
Jean Alexandre Michel André Castaigne (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ alɛksɑ̃dʁ miʃɛl ɑ̃dʁe kastɛɲ]; 7 January 1861, in Angoulême, Charente – 1929, in Angoulême) was a French artist and engraver, a student of Jean-Léon Gérôme and Alexandre Cabanel. Subsequently he became a leading illustrator in the United States. He is often recalled as the original illustrator of the first edition of The Phantom of the Opera.

Castaigne also created more than 36 art pieces about Alexander the Great for an 1898–99 series. As an illustrator, he captured images of the first modern olympics; he drew pictures of the 1896 Olympic Games for Scribner's Magazine.

Charente
Charente (French: [ʃaʁɑ̃t] ⓘ; Saintongese: Chérente; Occitan: Charanta [tʃaˈɾantɔ]) is a department in the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southwestern France. It is named after the river Charente, the most important and longest river in the department, and also the river beside which the department's two largest towns, Angoulême and Cognac, are sited. In 2019, it had a population of 352,015.
2020 Prague Open
The 2020 Prague Open (branded as the 2020 J&T Banka Prague Open for sponsorship reasons) was a professional women's tennis tournament that was played on outdoor clay courts at the TK Sparta Prague in Prague, Czech Republic. It was a WTA International-class tournament on the 2020 WTA Tour.

The tournament was played from 10 to 16 August 2020, delayed from its usual late-April scheduling due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The tournament was held simultaneously with a second, U.S.-based event, the Top Seed Open in Kentucky, in order to provide additional options for players leading into the 2020 Western & Southern Open in New York City.

Patricia Maria Țig
Patricia Maria Țig (born 27 July 1994) is a Romanian tennis player.
Țig has a career-high WTA singles ranking of world No. 56, achieved on 26 October 2020. Her best doubles ranking of No. 155 was achieved on 14 November 2016. Țig has won one singles title on the WTA Tour and one WTA 125 title, as well as twenty one singles titles and eleven doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.
Nina Sundbye
Nina Sundbye (born 4 August 1944) is a Norwegian sculptor, born in Oslo. Her debut was a bust of illustrator Finn Graff from 1967. Among her other works is a bronze statue of Aasta Hansteen placed at Aker Brygge, and busts of resistance fighter Gregers Gram and comedians Leif Juster and Per Aabel, all located in Oslo. Sundbye is represented at the Norwegian Museum of Contemporary Art with the sculptures Operapar from 1971 and Klovn from 1978.

She was decorated Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 2007.

Gregers Gram
Gregers Winther Wulfsberg Gram MC MM (15 December 1917 – 13 November 1944) was a Norwegian resistance fighter and saboteur. A corporal and later second lieutenant in the Norwegian Independent Company 1 (Norwegian: Kompani Linge) during the Second World War, he was killed in 1944.
The Kingdom and the Beauty
The Kingdom and the Beauty (Chinese: 江山美人; pinyin: Jiang shan mei ren) is a 1959 Hong Kong musical-drama film directed by Li Han-hsiang. The film was set in Imperial China, directed by a Hong Kong based–Mainland Chinese director and produced by the famed Hong Kong Shaw Brothers film studio. Although there was minimal Singaporean input in the film-making, the film was selected as the Singaporean entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 32nd Academy Awards, but was not nominated.

Li Han-hsiang
Richard Li Han-hsiang (Chinese: 李翰祥; pinyin: Lǐ Hànxiáng; 7 March 1926 in Jinxi, Liaoning – 17 December 1996 in Beijing) was a Chinese film director. Li directed more than 70 films in his career beginning in the 1950s and lasting till the 1990s. His The Enchanting Shadow, The Magnificent Concubine, and Empress Wu Tse-Tien were entered into the Cannes Film Festival in 1960, 1962, and 1963 respectively.

Li also won the Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards for his work on the movie Xi Shi in 1965. Most of his movies in the 1970s and 1980s were Chinese historical dramas. He died in Beijing due to a heart attack. He was seventy.
Palazzo Foscari
Palazzo Foscari can refer to:

Ca' Foscari University of Venice, a university in Venice, Italy

Ca' Foscari, a Gothic-style palace in the sestiere of Dorsoduro

Palazzo Foscari (Giudecca 795), a Gothic-style palace on the Giudecca island, Venice, Italy

Palazzo Foscari Contarini, a Renaissance-style palace in the sestiere of Santa Croce, Venice, Italy

Palazzo Foscari del Prà, a Gothic-style palace in the sestiere of Cannaregio, Venice, Italy

Palazzo Foscari (Giudecca 795)
Palazzo Foscari (also called Palazzetto Foscari) is a Gothic style palace in Venice, built in the 14th century; it is located at the civic number 795 in the island of Giudecca, near the Molino Stucky.

Originally one of the palaces built for the 65th doge of Venice Francesco Foscari and his family, in the late 19th century Palazzo Foscari in Giudecca was also inhabited by Giovanni Stucky, the Swiss engineer who completely renovated and enlarged the flour mills of Venice, applying modern manufacturing concepts and techniques (source: mosaic in the staircase, datation 1898). From 1992 to 2006, the palace hosted the Archivio musicale Luigi Nono, the musical archive of the Venetian composer. Since 2006, the palazzo has hosted a modern and contemporary art gallery, named after the address Giudecca 795.