hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kissing the shuttle
"Kissing the shuttle" is the term for a process by which weavers used their mouths to pull thread through the eye of a shuttle when the pirn was replaced. The same shuttles were used by many weavers, and the practice was unpopular. It was outlawed in the U.S. state of Massachusetts in 1911 but continued even after it had been outlawed in Lancashire, England in 1952. The Lancashire cotton industry was loath to invest in hand-threaded shuttles, or in the more productive Northrop automatic looms with self-threading shuttles, which were introduced in 1902.

Shuttle (weaving)
A shuttle is a tool designed to neatly and compactly store a holder that carries the thread of the weft yarn while weaving with a loom. Shuttles are thrown or passed back and forth through the shed, between the yarn threads of the warp in order to weave in the weft.

The simplest shuttles, known as "stick shuttles", are made from a flat, narrow piece of wood with notches on the ends to hold the weft yarn. More complicated shuttles incorporate bobbins or pirns.

In the United States, shuttles are often made of wood from the flowering dogwood, because it is hard, resists splintering, and can be polished to a very smooth finish. In the United Kingdom shuttles were usually made of boxwood, cornel, or persimmon.
Francis Matthews (British Army officer)
Major-General Francis Raymond Gage Matthews, CB, DSO (26 January 1903 – 26 May 1976) was a British Army officer who served in the Second World War and later was Commander of British Forces in Hong Kong.

General officer commanding
General officer commanding (GOC) is the usual title given in the armies of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries (and some other nations, such as Ireland) to a general officer who holds a command appointment.

Thus, a general might be the GOC British II Corps (a three-star appointment) or GOC British 7th Armoured Division (a two-star appointment).
Chaar Sahibzaade
Chaar Sahibzaade (Punjabi: ਚਾਰ ਸਾਹਿਬਜ਼ਾਦੇ, Punjabi pronunciation: [t͡ʃaːɾə̆ sɑː˦.ɦəbᵊzaːde]; transl. Four Princes) is a 2014 Indian Punjabi animated historical drama film written and directed by Harry Baweja and produced by Pammi Baweja, under Baweja Movies. It is based on the sacrifices of the sons of the 10th Sikh guru Guru Gobind Singh Ji—Sahibzada Ajit Singh, Jujhar Singh, Zorawar Singh, and Fateh Singh. Om Puri provided the film's narration, and the voice artists for various characters were kept anonymous. It was also the highest grossing Punjabi film when it was released (only surpassed by Carry on Jatta 2 in July 2018).

It was released on 6 November 2014 to positive reviews from critics and audiences, and emerged as a major box office success, eventually becoming the highest-grossing animated film to be produced in India. In 2025, it was overtaken by the Hindi animated film Mahavatar Narsimha (2025) produced by Kleem Productions and presented by Hombale Films.

Harman Baweja
Harman Baweja  (born 13 November 1980) is an Indian actor, producer and screenwriter. The son of film director Harry Baweja and producer Pammi Baweja, he has starred in the Hindi films Love Story 2050 (2008), What's Your Raashee? (2009), Victory (2009), and Dishkiyaoon (2014). After a hiatus, he featured in the Netflix drama series Scoop (2023). He has also worked in Punjabi cinema.
Marie-Dominique Lelièvre
Marie-Dominique Lelièvre is a French writer and journalist.

She is the author of novels and biographies. As a journalist, she collaborates with Marianne — and previously with L’Événement du jeudi —, L'Express, and Libération where she writes portraits.

Marianne (magazine)
Marianne (French pronunciation: [maʁjan]) is a weekly Paris-based French news magazine founded in 1997 by Jean-François Kahn and Maurice Szafran.

Its original political slant was described as left-wing. However, in the 2010s, it shifted towards a more sovereigntist editorial line.

While the magazine had been majority-owned by Yves de Chaisemartin, 91% of the capital was sold to Czech billionaire Daniel Křetínský in 2018, with Natacha Polony taking over as managing editor.
Torrey DeVitto
Torrey Joël DeVitto (born June 8, 1984) is an American actress, singer-songwriter, and former fashion model. Her first starring role was as Karen Kerr on the ABC Family drama series Beautiful People (2005–2006). She followed this up with recurring roles as Carrie in The CW drama series One Tree Hill (2008–2009), as Melissa Hastings in the ABC Family/Freeform mystery drama series Pretty Little Liars (2010–2017), and as Dr. Meredith Fell in The CW fantasy drama series The Vampire Diaries (2012–2013). DeVitto went on to star as Maggie Hall in the final season of Lifetime's drama series Army Wives (2013) and as Dr. Natalie Manning in the NBC medical drama series Chicago Med (2015–2021).

Winter Park, Florida
Winter Park is a city in Orange County, Florida, United States. The population was 29,795 according to the 2020 census. It is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Winter Park was founded as a resort community by northern business magnates in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Its main street, called Park Avenue, is located in the middle of town. It includes civic buildings, retail, art galleries, a private liberal arts college (Rollins College), museums, a park, a train station, a golf course country club, a historic cemetery, and a beach and boat launch.
Battle pass
In the video game industry, a battle pass or rewards track is a type of monetization approach that provides additional content for a game usually through a tiered system, rewarding the player with in-game items for playing the game and completing specific challenges. Inspired by the season pass ticketing system and originating with Dota 2 in 2013, the battle pass model gained more use as an alternative to subscription fees and loot boxes beginning in the late 2010s. Battle passes tend to offer free passes, which are available to all users, and premium passes that require annual or seasonal charges in exchange for enhanced items and cosmetics.

Battle passes may be given different terms depending on the game. For example, Rocket League and PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds offer a "Rocket Pass" and "Survivor Pass" respectively.

Clash of Clans
Clash of Clans is a free-to-play mobile strategy video game developed and published by Supercell. It was released for iOS on 2 August 2012 and Android on 7 October 2013.

The game is set in a fantasy-themed persistent world where the player is the chief of a village. Clash of Clans tasks players to build and upgrade their own village using the resources gained from attacking other players' villages with troops, earning rewards, buying them with medals, or producing them at their own village. Players can create clans with others – up to fifty in a clan – who then can participate in Clan Wars together, donate and receive troops, and chat with each other. Players can also build up a Clan Village called a Clan Capital.

Clash of Clans received generally positive reviews from critics.; it is one of the highest-grossing mobile games of all time and a commercial success for Supercell, serving as a foundation of the company's live service mobile games.
London International Festival of Theatre
The London International Festival of Theatre (LIFT) is a biennial festival of theatre, performance and cultural events in London. The organisation also supports year-round activity. It was founded by Rose Fenton and Lucy Neal, with the first festival in 1981 hoping to 'challenge British theatre and open a window on the world'. LIFT's current artistic director is Kris Nelson.

Lyn Gardner of The Guardian wrote of LIFT in 2014, "Probably no theatre organisation in the UK has done more to break down the distinctions between artforms than LIFT, which over the last 30 years has not only offered us a first glimpse of work by world-class theatre makers, but also offered space for first-hand theatrical dispatches from artists living with conflict and under oppression who find space denied them in their own country."

Belarus Free Theatre
The Belarus Free Theatre (Belarusian: Свабодны тэатр, Svabodny teatr) is a Belarusian underground theatre group.

Following the 2020–2021 Belarusian protests, the BFT no longer has any presence in Belarus, with the remaining members leaving in October 2020 to join artistic directors Khalezin and Koliada (living in exile since 2011) in London. As of 2023, under the current political system in Belarus the Belarus Free Theatre has no official registration, no premises, nor any other facilities. When the theater was still in Belarus, rehearsals and performances (always free of charge for the public) were normally held secretly in small private apartments, which, due to security and the risk of persecution, had to be changed constantly. On several occasions, performances were given in street cafes and in the countryside, in the woods. Staff members have been repeatedly harassed by the authorities. The stage director and other people were sacked from their jobs at state-run theatres.
(613766) 2007 NC7
(613766) 2007 NC7 (provisional designation 2007 NC7) is a trans-Neptunian object and centaur from the outer Solar System, approximately 106 kilometers in diameter. It was first observed on 11 July 2007, by American astronomers Megan Schwamb, Michael Brown and David Rabinowitz at Palomar Observatory in California.

The object has a high eccentricity of 0.49. It comes within 17 AU of the Sun (inside the orbit of Uranus) and goes as far as 50 AU at aphelion (near the Kuiper cliff). It passed perihelion in September 1996.

For comparison, among the well-established, highly eccentric orbits formally classified as plutinos, the orbit of (15788) 1993 SB has an eccentricity of 0.318.

It has only been observed twenty-six times over four oppositions.

Provisional designation in astronomy
Provisional designation is the naming convention applied to astronomical objects immediately following their discovery. The provisional designation is usually superseded by a permanent designation once a reliable orbit has been calculated. As of 2019, approximately 47% of the more than 1,100,000 known minor planets remain provisionally designated, as hundreds of thousands have been discovered in the last two decades. The modern system is overseen by the Minor Planet Center of the International Astronomical Union.
King Mindaugas Cup MVP
The Karaliaus Mindaugo taurė MVP (transl. King Mindaugas MVP) is an award that is annually handed out to the most valuable player, in a given tournament, of the Karaliaus Mindaugo taurė professional basketball Lithuanian national domestic cup competition. The award was introduced when the competition was first held, in 2016. Antanas Kavaliauskas was the inaugural winner of the award. Since 2016, only two players have won the award more than once: Edgaras Ulanovas (4-time winner) and Joffrey Lauvergne (2-time winner). The current holder of the award is Moses Wright.

Antanas Kavaliauskas
Antanas Kavaliauskas (born September 19, 1984) is a Lithuanian basketball coach and former player. He serves as the director of player development for the Wake Forest Demon Deacons of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). He played college basketball at Texas A&M University.
Aaron Tippin discography
Aaron Tippin is an American country music artist. His discography comprises eleven studio albums. Of his studio albums, the highest-certified is 1992's Read Between the Lines, which is certified platinum by the RIAA and gold by the CRIA. Five more studio albums — You've Got to Stand for Something (1991), Call of the Wild (1993), Lookin' Back at Myself (1994), Tool Box (1995) and People Like Us (2000) — have been certified gold by the RIAA.

Tippin has released 38 singles, of which 34 have charted on Billboard Hot Country Songs. Three became Number One hits: "There Ain't Nothin' Wrong with the Radio" (1992), "That's as Close as I'll Get to Loving You" (1995), and "Kiss This" (2000). Four of his singles have also crossed over to the Billboard Hot 100, including the number 2 country hit "Where the Stars and Stripes and the Eagle Fly" from 2001, which peaked at number 20.

You've Got to Stand for Something
You've Got to Stand for Something is the debut studio album by American country music artist Aaron Tippin. The title track was Tippin's first chart entry, peaking at No. 6 on the Billboard country charts in 1991. Also released from this album were "I Wonder How Far It Is Over You" and "She Made a Memory Out of Me", which reached Nos. 40 and 54, respectively. The songs reached higher on the Radio and Records Country chart, reaching Nos. 5, 26, and 35, respectively. "In My Wildest Dreams" would be recorded by Kenny Chesney as the title track to his 1994 debut album In My Wildest Dreams.
Ahmadiago
Ahmadiago is a fungal genus in the family Ustilaginaceae. It was circumscribed in 2004 to contain the smut fungus formerly known as Ustilago euphorbiae, found in India. The generic name honours Pakistani botanist and mycologist Sultan Ahmad.

Mycology
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, genetics, biochemical properties, and use by humans. Fungi can be a source of tinder, food, traditional medicine, as well as entheogens, poison, and infection. Yeasts are among the most heavily utilized members of the fungus kingdom, particularly in food manufacturing.

Mycology branches into the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases. The two disciplines are closely related, because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist.
Charles Fynn
Charles Garnet Fynn (24 April 1897 — 26 August 1976) was an English first-class cricketer.

Fynn was born at Marylebone in April 1897. He began his club cricket as a young fast bowler, but was wounded during the First World War and as a result he never bowled fast again. After the war he reinvented himself as a leg break googly bowler, making his debut in first-class cricket for Hampshire against Lancashire at Bournemouth in the 1930 County Championship. He took the wickets of Jack Iddon and Malcolm Taylor with his first over in first-class cricket. He played first-class cricket for Hampshire until 1931, making nine appearances. Fynn took 11 wickets in his nine matches, at an average of 40.54, with best figures of 3 for 92. As a tailend batsman, he scored 45 runs with a highest score of 21. Following his playing career, Fynn was a founder the Bournemouth Amateurs Cricket Club and played in club cricket in Bournemouth. He died at Bournemouth in August 1976.

Over (cricket)
In cricket, an over consists of six legal deliveries bowled from one end of a cricket pitch to the player batting at the other end, almost always by a single bowler.

A maiden over is an over in which no runs are scored that count against the bowler (so leg byes and byes may be scored as they are not counted against the bowler). A wicket maiden is a maiden over in which a wicket is also taken. Similarly, double and triple wicket maidens are when two and three wickets are taken in a maiden over.

After six deliveries the umpire calls 'over'; the fielding team switches ends, and a different bowler is selected to bowl from the opposite end. The captain of the fielding team decides which bowler will bowl any given over, and no bowler may bowl two overs in succession.
Lester, Washington
Lester is a ghost town near Stampede Pass, just south of Snoqualmie Pass in King County, founded in 1892 by the Northern Pacific Railway (now the BNSF Railway). Lester is located along what is currently National Forest Development Road 54, on land now owned by Tacoma Water, a division of Tacoma Public Utilities.

Although most remaining freestanding buildings were demolished in 2017, numerous foundations from the settlement remain.

Tacoma Public Utilities
Tacoma Public Utilities is the public utility service for the city of Tacoma, Washington. It was formed in 1893 when the citizens of Tacoma voted to buy the privately owned Tacoma Light & Water Company. It is the largest department in Tacoma City government, with a 2015–2016 budget of $1.2 billion and 1,378 employees. Operations are funded entirely by revenue generated from sale of services, not from taxes.
Bewitching the Pomerania
Bewitching the Pomerania is the second EP by Polish extreme metal band Behemoth. It was released in 1997 by Solistitium Records. It was recorded at P.J. Studios in February 1997 and mastered at Vox Mortiis Studio. The EP is the first release of the band to feature Zbigniew Robert "Inferno" Promiński on drums. Bewitching the Pomerania also marks the band's passage from black metal music to a style more similar to death metal. All three tracks were included on the 2005 re-release of Behemoth's debut EP, And the Forests Dream Eternally.

On Behemoth's official webpage Nergal stated that the artwork for Bewitching the Pomerania is "by far the worst Behemoth artwork of all time". It is also the first release to showcase Behemoth's new logo from the Old English text to its present form.

Extreme metal
Extreme metal is a loosely defined umbrella term for a number of related heavy metal music subgenres that have developed since the early 1980s. It has been defined as a "cluster of metal subgenres characterized by sonic, verbal, and visual transgression", and refers to metal that is harsher, heavier, more aggressive and less commercialized than other subgenres. Extreme metal is generally underground music that values authenticity and strives to remain outside the mainstream. The term usually includes thrash metal, death metal, black metal and doom metal. Some definitions do not recognise doom metal, or consider that only some of its subgenres are extreme. Most extreme metal styles have very fast tempos and originally took inspiration from hardcore punk.
Leo Geoghegan
Leo Francis Geoghegan (16 May 1936 – 2 March 2015) was an Australian racing driver. He was the elder of two sons of former New South Wales car dealer Tom Geoghegan, both of whom become dominant names in Australian motor racing in the 1960s. While his younger brother Ian "Pete" Geoghegan had much of his success in touring car racing, winning five Australian Touring Car Championships, Leo spent most of his racing career in open wheel racing cars.

Formula Libre
Formula Libre, also known as Formule Libre, is a form of automobile racing allowing a wide variety of types, ages and makes of purpose-built racing cars to compete "head to head". This can make for some interesting matchups, and provides the opportunity for some compelling driving performances against superior machinery. The name translates to "Free Formula" – in Formula Libre races the only regulations typically govern basics such as safety equipment.
Perceptual MegaPixel
The Perceptual MegaPixel (P-MP) is a proprietary ranking of lens-camera combinations, created by DxO Labs. It is intended to express the resolution of which a combination of camera and lens is capable. Complete scientific or technical documentation of the process used to compute P-MP values has never been published, and P-MP measurements have never been made without the cooperation of DxO Labs. The name of the measurement is a trade mark.

The P-MP meant for photographers to consider when comparing the sharpness of a combination of camera and lens.
DxO Labs claims that P-MP is a more accurate and relevant value for photographers to consider when weighing-up camera sharpness.

As of March 2017, the "Canon EF 300mm f/2.8L IS II USM" lens mounted on a "Canon EOS 5Ds R" has the highest measured P-Mpix value in the DxO Labs lens database, a value of 44.7. On the lens' summary pages this figure is rounded to an integer value of 45 P-Mpix

Image resolution
Image resolution is the level of detail of an image. The term applies to digital images, film images, and other types of images. "Higher resolution" means more image detail.
Image resolution can be measured in various ways. Resolution quantifies how close lines can be to each other and still be visibly resolved. Resolution units can be tied to physical sizes (e.g. lines per mm, lines per inch), to the overall size of a picture (lines per picture height, also known simply as lines, TV lines, or TVL), or to angular subtense. Instead of single lines, line pairs are often used, composed of a dark line and an adjacent light line; for example, a resolution of 10 lines per millimeter means 5 dark lines alternating with 5 light lines, or 5 line pairs per millimeter (5 LP/mm). Photographic lens are most often quoted in line pairs per millimeter.
Nmon Ford
Nmon Ford is an opera singer. He earned his Bachelor's and Master's degrees from the University of Southern California Thornton School of Music. In June 2013, Ford sang the title role in Ernest Bloch's opera, Macbeth, at the Long Beach Opera. According to the Los Angeles Times, Ford "made an overwhelming impression as Macbeth in all his facets".

Long Beach Opera
Long Beach Opera is a Southern California opera company serving the greater Los Angeles and Orange County metroplex. Founded in 1979, it is the oldest continually running opera company in the L.A. area. In June 2019 LBO presented the world premiere of The Central Park Five, an opera by Anthony Davis with libretto by Richard Wesley, about the Central Park jogger case. The opera won the Pulitzer Prize for Music in May 2020.
Amanda Falck Weber
Amanda Falck Weber  (born 1996) is a Danish orienteering competitor. She was born in Frederiksværk-Hundested, and resides in Aarhus. She competed at the 2018 World Orienteering Championships in Latvia, where she won a bronze medal in the mixed sprint relay, together with Tue Lassen, Jakob Edsen and Maja Alm.

She competed in the Orienteering World Cup in 2017 and 2018, and represented Denmark in the 2018 European Orienteering Championships.

European Orienteering Championships
The European Orienteering Championships were first held in 1962. They have been held biennially since 2000 and have been included in the Orienteering World Cup. From 2020, the European Orienteering Championships are held annually, with sprint events and forest events in alternate years.
2021 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship
The 2021 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship was the 111th staging of the Wexford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Wexford County Board in 1889. The championship began on 6 August 2021 and ended on 19 September 2021.

Shelmaliers entered the championship as the defending champions; however, they were beaten by St Anne's Rathangan at the semi-final stage. Crossabeg–Ballymurn joined the championship after gaining promotion from the intermediate grade. Oulart–The Ballagh and Fethard St Mogue's were relegated from the championship.

The final was played on 19 September 2021 at Chadwick's Wexford Park, between Rapparees and St Anne's Rathangan, in what was their first ever meeting in a final. Rapparees won the match by 6–18 to 1–18 to claim their second championship title overall and a first title since 1978.

St Anne's Rathangan player Diarmuid O'Keeffe was the championship's top scorer with 2-53.

Diarmuid O'Keeffe
Diarmuid O'Keeffe (born 2 January 1992) is an Irish hurler. At club level he plays with St Anne's Rathangan and at inter-county level he is a former member of the Wexford senior hurling team. O'Keeffe usually lines out as a midfielder.