hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Trans-Ili Alatau
Ile Alatau (Kazakh: Ile Alatauy, Іле Алатауы), also spelt as Trans-Ili Alatau, is a part of the Northern Tian Shan mountain system (ancient Mount Imeon) in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. It is the northernmost mountain range of Tian Shan, stretching for about 350 km (220 mi) with a maximal elevation of 4,973 m (16,316 ft) (Talgar Peak). The term "Alatau" refers to a kind of mountain characterized by interleaving areas of vegetation, scattered rocks and snows. The range is bounded in the north by the Ili Depression of the Ili River, hence the name.

The former capital of Kazakhstan, Almaty, is located at the foot of the range. The Ile-Alatau National Park is a protected area in the Ile Alatau.

Ili River
The Ili River is a river in northwestern China and southeastern Kazakhstan. It flows from the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture of the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region to the Almaty Region in Kazakhstan.

It is 1,439 kilometres (894 mi) long (including its source river the Tekes), 815 kilometres (506 mi) of which is in Kazakhstan. The river originates from the Tekes and Künes rivers in Eastern Tian Shan. The Ili drains the basin between the Tian Shan and the Borohoro Mountains. Flowing into Lake Balkhash (in the endorheic Balkhash-Alakol Basin), the Ili forms a large delta with vast wetland regions of lakes, marshes and vegetation.
Joshua W. Hathaway
Joshua Warren Hathaway (November 10, 1797 – June 6, 1862), was a justice of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court from May 11, 1852, to May 10, 1859.

Born in the Colony of New Brunswick, Hathaway graduated from Bowdoin College in 1820 and read law to be admitted to the bar in 1824. He resided in Bangor, Maine, and represented Hancock County, Maine in the Maine Senate for a short time, before he was appointed judge of District Court in 1848. He served in that capacity until 1852, when he was appointed to the Maine Supreme Judicial Court by Governor John Hubbard.

Hathaway died at his home in Bangor, Maine, at the age of 64.

Maine Senate
44°18′26″N 69°46′54″W﻿ / ﻿44.307138°N 69.781586°W﻿ / 44.307138; -69.781586

The Maine Senate is the upper house of the Maine Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Maine. The Senate currently consists of 35 members representing an equal number of districts across the state, though the Maine Constitution allows for "an odd number of Senators, not less than 31 nor more than 35". Unlike the lower House, the Senate does not set aside nonvoting seats for Native tribes.  Because it is a part-time position, members of the Maine Senate usually have outside employment as well.

The Senate meets at the Maine State House in Augusta. Members are limited to four consecutive terms with each term being two years but may run again after a two-year wait.
Silver King (baseball)
Silver King (January 11, 1868 – May 21, 1938), born Charles Frederick Koenig, was an American Major League Baseball player from 1886 through 1897. During his ten-year career, spent primarily as a pitcher, King played for the Kansas City Cowboys (1886), St. Louis Browns (1887–1889), Chicago Pirates (1890), Pittsburgh Pirates (1891), New York Giants (1892–93), Cincinnati Reds (1893), and Washington Senators (1896–97).

Newspapers in St. Louis, Missouri, gave him the nickname Silver King, referring to his prematurely gray hair and shortening his German surname.

Kansas City Cowboys (National League)
The Kansas City Cowboys were a National League baseball team that played one season in 1886. They played at League Park and finished with a 30–91 record. They finished in seventh place, ahead of another new team, the Washington Nationals. They were not connected to the Union Association Cowboys.

The Cowboys were admitted to the National League on a trial basis for the 1886 season. The team went out of business in February, 1887, having been forced to sell its players back to the league for $6,000. They were replaced in the league by Pittsburgh, which moved to the league from the American Association.
Kōshō-ji
Kōshō-ji is the name of numerous Buddhist temples in Japan. 
Below is an incomplete list:

Kōshōhōrin-ji, also called Kōshō-ji for short, a Sōtō Zen temple established in 1243 by Eihei Dōgen in Fukakusa, Kyoto; it no longer exists

Kōshō-ji (Uji), a Sōtō Zen temple established in 1649 in honor of Dōgen's original temple in Uji

Kōshō-ji (Kyōto), the head temple of the Kōshō-ji branch of Rinzai

Kōshō-ji, Nagoya, a Shingon temple in Nagoya.

Kōshō-ji (Esahi), a Nichiren Shōshū temple in Esashi, Hokkaido

Kōshō-ji (Jōsō), a Sōtō Zen temple in Jōsō, Ibaraki prefecture by the Kinugawa River

Kōshō-ji (Chikuma), a Jōdo Shū temple in Chikuma, Nagano, famous for its ansu apricots

Kōshō-ji (Yokkaichi), a Shinshū Takada-ha temple in Yokkaichi, Mie prefecture

Kōshō-ji (Shimogyō-ku), a Shinshū Kōshō-ha temple in Shimogyō-ku, Kyoto.

Kinugawa River
Kinugawa River, Kinugawa, or Kinu River (鬼怒川, Kinu-gawa), is a river on the main island of Honshu in Japan. It flows from the north to the south on the Kantō plain, merging with Tone River (利根川, Tone-gawa). At 176.7 km in length, it is the longest tributary of Tone-gawa. From ancient times, it has been known to cause floods. The river starts in Kinu swamp in the city of Nikkō, Tochigi, within Nikkō National Park.
Port of Tornio
The Port of Tornio (Finnish: Tornion satama, Swedish: Torneå hamn), also known as the Port of Röyttä, is a cargo port located in the city of Tornio, Finland, at the end of the Bothnian Bay and close to Finland's border with Sweden. It is near the Port of Kemi, with which it shares part of the shipping lane.

The port is operated by Outokumpu Shipping, and its main user is the adjacent Outokumpu steelworks.

The annual international cargo throughput of the Port of Tornio was c. 3.0 million tons in 2018, fairly evenly split between exports and imports, making it the tenth biggest port in Finland by tonnage.

The port has a maximum depth of 9.0 metres (29.5 ft).

Steel mill
A steel mill or steelworks is an industrial plant for the manufacture of steel. It may be an integrated steel works carrying out all steps of steelmaking from smelting iron ore to rolled product, but may also be a plant where steel semi-finished casting products are made from molten pig iron or from scrap.
Water supply and sanitation in Colombia
Water supply and sanitation in Colombia have been improved in many ways over the past decades. Between 1990 and 2010, access to improved sanitation increased from 67% to 82%, but access to improved water sources increased only slightly from 89% to 94%. In particular, coverage in rural areas lags behind. Furthermore, despite improvements, the quality of water and sanitation services remains inadequate. For example, only 73% of those receiving public services receive water of potable quality and in 2006 only 25% of the wastewater generated in the country underwent any kind of treatment.

Cali
Santiago de Cali (Spanish pronunciation: [sanˈtjaɣo ðe ˈkali]), or Cali, is the capital of the Valle del Cauca department, and the most populous city in southwest Colombia, with an estimated 2,280,522 residents in 2023. The city spans 560.3 km2 (216.3 sq mi) with 120.9 km2 (46.7 sq mi) of urban area, making Cali the second-largest city in the country by area and the third most populous. Cali is the main urban and economic center in the south of the country, and has one of Colombia's fastest-growing economies. The city was founded on 25 July 1536 by the Spanish explorer Sebastián de Belalcázar.

As a sporting center for Colombia, it was the host city for the 1971 Pan American Games. Cali also hosted the 1992 World Wrestling Championships, the 2013 edition of the World Games, the UCI Track Cycling World Championships in 2014, the World Youth Championships in Athletics in 2015 as well as the inaugural Junior Pan American Games in 2021 and the 2022 World Athletics U20 Championships.
Daboll
Daboll is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brian Daboll (born 1975), Canadian-born American football coach

Celadon Leeds Daboll (1818–1866), American merchant and inventor

Nathan Daboll (1750–1818), American educator

Nathan Daboll (politician) (1780–1863), American politician, judge, and author

Celadon Leeds Daboll
Celadon Leeds Daboll (July 18, 1818 –  October 13, 1866) was a merchant in New London, Connecticut, where he was born and died. From 1854 to 1861 he was employed in the U.S. Department of the Interior in Washington, D.C.

He conceived the idea of applying the principle of the clarinet to a large trumpet, to serve as a fog signal for mariners, known as the Daboll trumpet.
Norodom Boulevard
Norodom Boulevard (Khmer: មហាវិថីព្រះនរោត្តម), also called Street 41 (Khmer: ផ្លូវលេខ៤១), is a major boulevard in Cambodia and one of Phnom Penh's oldest arterial roads. It was named after King Norodom. It connects with Monivong Bridge in the south-east of the city at the Bassac River and joins with the north of the city at Wat Phnom.

Arterial road
An arterial road or arterial thoroughfare is a high-capacity urban road that sits below highways on the road hierarchy in terms of traffic flow and speed. The primary function of an arterial road is to deliver traffic from collector roads to highways or expressways, and between urban hubs at a relatively high level of service. Therefore, many arteries are limited-access roads or feature restrictions on private access. Because of their relatively high accessibility, many major roads face large amounts of land use and urban development, making them significant urban places.

In traffic engineering hierarchy, an arterial road delivers traffic between collector roads and highways. For new arterial roads, intersections are often reduced to increase traffic flow. In California, arterial roads are usually spaced every half mile, and have intersecting collector(s) and streets.
Sooty grunter
The sooty grunter (Hephaestus fuliginosus), also known by the name black bream, blubberlips, Northern grunter or purple grunter, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a grunter from the family Terapontidae. It inhabits coastal and inland freshwater creeks and rivers of northern Australia.

Burdekin River
The Burdekin River is a river in North and Far North Queensland, Australia. The river rises on the northern slopes of Boulder Mountain at Valley of Lagoons, part of the western slope of the Seaview Range, and flows into the Coral Sea at Upstart Bay over 200 kilometres (124 mi) to the southeast of the source, with a catchment area of approximately 130,000 square kilometres (50,000 sq mi). The Burdekin River is Australia's largest river by (peak) discharge volume.: 5

The river was first encountered by Europeans during the expedition led by Ludwig Leichhardt in 1845 and named in honour of Thomas Burdekin, one of the sponsors of the expedition.
Marcus Urann
Marcus Libby Urann (October 1873 – April 4, 1963), known as "Mr. Cranberry", was the captain of the University of Maine's 1893 football team, one of the founders of Phi Kappa Phi honorary fraternity, a lawyer, a cranberry farmer, one of the founders of Ocean Spray cooperative, a cranberry entrepreneur and executive, and the first commercial producer or inventor of canned cranberry sauce.

University of Maine
The University of Maine (UMaine) is a public land-grant research university in Orono, Maine, United States. It was established in 1865 as the land-grant college of Maine and is the flagship university of the University of Maine System. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".

With an enrollment of approximately 11,500 students, UMaine is the state's largest college or university. The University of Maine's athletic teams, nicknamed the Black Bears, are Maine's only NCAA Division I athletics program. Maine's men's ice hockey team has won two national championships.
Asa Drury
Asa Drury (1801–1870) was an American Baptist minister and educator primarily teaching at Granville Literary and Theological Institution (today's Denison University) in Granville, Ohio, and the Western Baptist Theological Institute in Covington, Kentucky, and establishing the public schools in Covington.  He is best known for his antebellum abolitionist views and his role in establishing the Underground Railroad in Ohio.

Granville, Ohio
Granville is a village in Licking County, Ohio, United States. The population was 5,946 at the 2020 census.  The village is located in a rural area of hills, known locally as the Welsh Hills, in central Ohio.  It is 35 miles (56 km) east of Columbus, the state capital, and 7 miles (11 km) west of Newark, the county seat.

The village began as a settlement by European-Americans of Welsh descent. It has long served as a hub for education in the area. It also served as a hotbed for Temperance Movement and Abolitionist activity.

Granville is home to Denison University. The village has a number of historic buildings, including Greek Revival structures like the Avery Downer House, St. Luke's Episcopal Church (1837) and others. The Buxton Inn (1812), the Granville Inn (1924), Bancroft House (1834) and Bryn Du Mansion are local landmarks.
Jan Versluys
Jan Versluys (1 September 1873 in Groningen – 22 January 1939 in Vienna) was a Dutch zoologist.

He studied biology at the University of Amsterdam, and afterwards participated on a scientific voyage to the Caribbean aboard the vessel Chazalie. In 1898 he obtained his doctorate from the University of Giessen, then in 1899/1900 served as an assistant to Max Carl Wilhelm Weber on the Siboga Expedition to the Netherlands East Indies. As a result of the mission, he published a monograph on Gorgonians, titled "Die Gorgoniden der Siboga-Expedition". Later on in his career, he worked as a professor of zoology at the universities of Ghent (from 1916) and Vienna (from 1925). Versluys is known to have corresponded with, and had visited American paleontologist Barnum Brown in 1904.

Taxa with the epithet of versluysi commemorate his name, an example being the amphipod subspecies Niphargus longicaudatus versluysi.

Barnum Brown
Barnum Brown (February 12, 1873 – February 5, 1963), commonly referred to as Mr. Bones, was an American paleontologist. He discovered the first documented remains of Tyrannosaurus during a career that made him one of the most famous fossil hunters working from the late Victorian era into the early 20th century.
Main Building, U.S. Bureau of Mines
The Main Building of the U.S. Bureau of Mines is the former main building of the United States Bureau of Mines Central Experiment Station.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

United States Bureau of Mines
The United States Bureau of Mines (USBM) was the primary United States government agency in the 20th century that conducted scientific research and disseminated information on the extraction, processing, use, and conservation of mineral resources. The Bureau was abolished in 1996.
Gabrielle Hope
Gabrielle Valerie Hyacinthe Hope (formerly Yeats, née Allan; 4 February 1916 – 9 September 1962) was a New Zealand painter known for her watercolours and drawings. Her work consists of still lives, landscapes, portraits, and works featuring animals. She preferred to sign her works simply as "GABRIELLE."

Gouache
Gouache (/ɡuˈɑːʃ, ɡwɑːʃ/; French: [ɡwaʃ]), body color, or opaque watercolor is a water-medium paint consisting of natural pigment, water, a binding agent (usually gum arabic or dextrin), and sometimes additional inert material. Gouache is designed to be opaque. Gouache has a long history, having been used for at least twelve centuries. It is used most consistently by commercial artists for posters, illustrations, comics, and other design work.

Gouache is similar to watercolor in that it can be rewetted and dried to a matte finish, and the paint can become infused into its paper support. It is similar to acrylic or oil paints in that it is normally used in an opaque painting style and it can form a superficial layer. Many manufacturers of watercolor paints also produce gouache, and the two can easily be used together.
Nicholas de Moels
Nicholas de Moels or Nicholas Molis (c. 1195 – 1268 or 1269) was an Anglo‑Norman royal administrator and household knight of King Henry III of England. In this capacity he was assigned many and varied offices and duties, often of a temporary nature. He married a wealthy heiress from North Cadbury in Somerset which transformed him into a major landholder and feudal baron. In 1244 whilst serving as Seneschal of Gascony, he inflicted a defeat on the King of Navarre, whom he took prisoner in the field.

Thomas Scott-Ellis, 8th Baron Howard de Walden
Thomas Evelyn Scott-Ellis, 8th Baron Howard de Walden, 4th Baron Seaford (9 May 1880 – 5 November 1946) was an English peer, landowner, writer and patron of the arts.

Howard de Walden was also a powerboat racer who competed for Great Britain in the 1908 Summer Olympics.
MDC1
Mediator of DNA damage checkpoint protein 1 is a 2080 amino acid long protein that in humans is encoded by the MDC1 gene located on the short arm (p) of chromosome 6. MDC1 protein is a regulator of the Intra-S phase and the G2/M cell cycle checkpoints and recruits repair proteins to the site of DNA damage. It is involved in determining cell survival fate in association with tumor suppressor protein p53.
This protein also goes by the name Nuclear Factor with BRCT Domain 1 (NFBD1).

CHEK2
CHEK2 (Checkpoint kinase 2) is a tumor suppressor gene that encodes the protein CHK2, a serine-threonine kinase. CHK2 is involved in DNA repair, cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in response to DNA damage. Mutations to the CHEK2 gene have been linked to a wide range of cancers.
Eight O'Clock Walk
Eight O'Clock Walk is a 1954 British drama film directed by Lance Comfort and starring Richard Attenborough, Cathy O'Donnell, Derek Farr and Maurice Denham.

Based on a true story, Eight O'Clock Walk is an anti-capital punishment film (the title refers to the hour at which executions were traditionally carried out, though in London (where the film is set) executions were carried out at 9 am) that points out the danger of circumstantial evidence resulting in the death of a mistakenly accused prisoner.

Cathy O'Donnell
Cathy O'Donnell (born Ann Steely, July 6, 1923 – April 11, 1970) was an American actress who appeared in The Best Years of Our Lives, Ben-Hur, and films noir such as Detective Story and They Live by Night.
Černák
Černák (feminine: Černáková) is a Slovak surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Erik Černák (born 1997), Slovak ice hockey player

Ibolja Cernak, Serbian medical scientist

Isaka Cernak (born 1989), Australian footballer

Ľudovít Černák (born 1951), Slovak politician and businessman

Michal Černák (born 2003), Czech footballer

Peter Černák (born 1976), Slovak footballer

Roland Černák (born 1997), Slovak footballer

Slovak name
Slovak names consist of a given name and surname. Slovakia uses the Western name order with the given name being listed before surname. However, there is a historical tradition to reverse this order, especially in official contexts including administrative papers and legal documents, as well as on gravestones and memorials.

Most Slovaks do not have a middle name. The family name forms for males and females are distinct in Slovakia, making it possible to identify gender from the name alone. As of 2003 there were 185,288 different family names in use among 5.4 million Slovaks, or one family name for every 29 citizens. There is an estimated 90,000 lineages in Slovakia. With marriage, the bride typically adopts the bridegroom's surname. Slovak names are very similar to Czech names.
4-8-0+0-8-4
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, the 4-8-0+0-8-4 is a Garratt articulated locomotive. The wheel arrangement is effectively two 4-8-0 locomotives operating back to back, with the boiler and cab suspended between the two engine units. Each engine unit has two pairs of leading wheels in a leading bogie, followed by four coupled pairs of driving wheels and no trailing wheels. A similar wheel arrangement exists for the Union Pacific Big Boy, but is referred to as 4-8-8-4 since only the front engine unit swivels.

Wheel arrangement
In rail transport, a wheel arrangement or wheel configuration is a system of classifying the way in which wheels are distributed under a locomotive. Several notations exist to describe the wheel assemblies of a locomotive by type, position, and connections, with the adopted notations varying by country.  Within a given country, different notations may also be employed for different kinds of locomotives, such as steam, electric, and diesel powered.

Especially in steam days, wheel arrangement was an important attribute of a locomotive because there were many different types of layout adopted, each wheel being optimised for a different use (often with only some being actually "driven"). Modern diesel and electric locomotives are much more uniform, usually with all axles driven.
Death in the Clouds
Death in the Clouds is a work of detective fiction by British writer Agatha Christie, published in 1935. It features the Belgian detective Hercule Poirot and Chief Inspector Japp. It is a "closed circle" murder mystery: the victim is a passenger on a cross-Channel aircraft flight, and the perpetrator can only be one of eleven fellow-passengers and crew.

The book was first published in the US by Dodd, Mead and Company on 10 March 1935 under the title of Death in the Air and in the UK by the Collins Crime Club in July of the same year under Christie's original title. The US edition retailed at $2.00 and the UK edition at seven shillings and sixpence (7/6).

Philip Jackson (actor)
Philip Jackson (born 18 June 1948) is an English actor.  He appeared as Chief Inspector Japp in both the television series Agatha Christie's Poirot and in BBC Radio dramatisations of Poirot stories; as Melvin "Dylan" Bottomley in Porridge; and as Abbot Hugo, one of the recurring adversaries in the 1980s series Robin of Sherwood.
Umali Thilakarathne
Irudini Umali Thilakarathna (Sinhala: උමාලී තිලකරත්න) is a Sri Lankan cinema, teledrama and stage actress. She was awarded the best actress in 2017 for her role in "Bohimiyanuwa" in both Sumathi Tele Awards and Raigam Tele Awards. In addition to working in Sri Lanka, she is an established and recognised actress in Japan, frequently contributing to Japanese production in both theatre and film.

Sumathi Best Teledrama Actress Award
The Sumathi Best Teledrama Actress Award is presented annually in Sri Lanka by the Sumathi Group of Companies, in association with numerous commercial brands, to honor the best Sri Lankan actress in television of the year.

The award was first presented in 1995. Below is a list of winners of this prestigious title since then.
Surat Thani
Surat Thani (Thai: สุราษฎร์ธานี, pronounced [sù.râːt tʰāː.nīː]) is a city in Amphoe Mueang Surat Thani, Surat Thani Province, southern Thailand. It lies 651 km (405 mi) south of Bangkok. It is the capital of Surat Thani Province. The city has a population of 132,040 (2019), and an area of 68.97 km2 (26.63 sq mi). The city's population density is 1,914 inhabitants per km2.

Surat Thani is located near the mouth of the Tapi River on the Gulf of Thailand. The city offers no major tourist attractions in itself, and is mainly known to tourists as the jumping-off point to Ko Samui, Ko Tao, and Ko Pha Ngan. It is the regional commercial center, with a seaport dealing in the main products of the province, rubber and coconuts.

Ko Samui
Ko Samui or Koh Samui (Thai: เกาะสมุย, pronounced [kɔ̀ʔ sāmǔj]), often locally shortened to Samui, is an island off the east coast of Thailand. Geographically in the Chumphon Archipelago, it is part of Surat Thani Province, though as of 2012, Ko Samui was granted municipal status and thus is now locally self-governing. Ko Samui, with an area of 228.7 square kilometres (88.3 sq mi), is Thailand's second largest island after Phuket. In 2018, it was visited by 2.7 million tourists.