hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bahçeşehir College
Bahçeşehir College (Turkish: Bahçeşehir Koleji) is a private school located in Turkey with 143 campuses. It was founded in 1994 by Enver Yücel. The school was founded with the mission of providing of the highest and most contemporary education, while always holding dear the principle of equality of opportunity began providing education at its site in the Istanbul suburb of Bahçeşehir in Başakşehir. Bahçeşehir College and Uğur Schools are part of the BAU Global Education Network, an international education network with institutions across three continents and 11 countries.

In 2012, Bahçeşehir Uğur Educational Institutions entered into an investment partnership with the American private equity firm Carlyle Group. From the 40 campuses of Bahçeşehir College in various cities across Turkey, Bahçeşehir Uğur alumni received acceptances from Harvard, Oxford, Stanford, and Berkeley.

The Carlyle Group
The Carlyle Group Inc. is an American multinational company with operations in private equity, alternative asset management and financial services. As of 2023, the company had $426 billion of assets under management.

Carlyle specializes in private equity, real assets, and private credit. One of the world's largest investment firms, it ranked first among private equity firms by capital raised from 2010-2015, according to the PEI 300 index. In June 2024, it ranked sixth in Private Equity International's PEI 300 ranking among the world's largest private equity firms.

Founded in 1987 in Washington, D.C., the company has nearly 2,200 employees in 28 offices on four continents as of December 2023. On May 3, 2012, Carlyle completed a US$700 million initial public offering and began trading on the NASDAQ stock exchange.
Parkia
Parkia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the mimosoid clade of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. Several species are known as African locust bean.

In 1995, about 31 species were known. Four more species were outlined in 2009.

Parkia species are found throughout the tropics, with four species in Africa, about ten in Asia, and about 20 in the neotropics. The neotropical species were revised in 1986.

Caesalpinioideae
Caesalpinioideae is a botanical name at the rank of subfamily, placed in the large family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. Its name is formed from the generic name Caesalpinia. It is known also as the peacock flower subfamily. The Caesalpinioideae are mainly trees distributed in the moist tropics, but include such temperate species as the honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos) and Kentucky coffeetree (Gymnocladus dioicus). It has the following clade-based definition:

The most inclusive crown clade containing Arcoa gonavensis Urb. and Mimosa pudica L., but not Bobgunnia fistuloides (Harms) J. H. Kirkbr. & Wiersema, Duparquetia orchidacea Baill., or Poeppigia procera C.Presl

In some classifications, for example the Cronquist system, the group is recognized at the rank of family, Caesalpiniaceae.
Rineloricaria lanceolata
Rineloricaria lanceolata, commonly known as the chocolate-colored catfish or the chocolate whiptail catfish, is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the upper Amazon River basin in Brazil and Peru. It is reportedly typically found in sandy environments with leaf litter. It is omnivorous, feeding on periphyton and small invertebrates. The species reaches 12.3 cm (4.8 inches) in total length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.

Rineloricaria lanceolata frequently appears in the aquarium trade, where it is considered a peaceful species that will accept a variety of food items, feeding on vegetable matter, dried foods, and small live or frozen invertebrates such as Daphnia or insect larvae. It will reportedly breed readily in captivity if the correct conditions are present.

Daphnia
Daphnia is a genus of small planktonic crustaceans,  0.2–6.0 mm (0.01–0.24 in) in length. Daphnia are members of the order Anomopoda, and are one of the several small aquatic crustaceans commonly called water fleas because their saltatory swimming style resembles the movements of fleas. Daphnia spp. live in various aquatic environments ranging from acidic swamps to freshwater lakes and ponds.

The two most commonly found species of Daphnia are D. pulex (small and most common) and D. magna (large). They are often associated with a related genus in the order Cladocera: Moina, which is in the Moinidae group instead of the Daphniidae, and is much smaller than D. pulex (roughly half the maximum length).
Covenant House
Covenant House is a large, 501(c)(3) nonprofit charitable organization in the Americas, whose goal is to provide safe housing and holistic care to youth ages 16–21 experiencing homelessness and survivors of human trafficking. Covenant House was officially incorporated in 1972, and offers services including healthcare, educational support/GED preparation/college scholarships, job readiness and workforce development programs, substance use treatment and prevention programs, legal services, mental health services, services for young families, and transitional living programs.

Transitional living
Transitional living refers to any type of living situation that is transitional. The primary purpose or mission of transitional living environments is temporary. Transitional living facilities often offer low-cost housing. Transitional living residents that cater to those recovering from economic hardship often graduate from a shelter to a lesser crowded living situation. Transitional living may or may not have other common threads among residents. Transitional living provides professional support, education, and a stable living environment. Common types of transitional living include transitioning from jail or prison, an addiction treatment center or a mental health facility. They may also target homelessness, especially among youth. Transitional living is provided by many well known private and non-profit organizations, by government, churches and other charitable organizations.
28th National Hockey League All-Star Game
The 28th National Hockey League All-Star Game was held in the Montreal Forum in Montreal, home to the Montreal Canadiens, on January 21, 1975. The NHL expansion changed the format of the NHL All-Star game into a battle of conferences. The Wales Conference All-Star team easily won the initial contest, trouncing the Campbell Conference 7–1. Syl Apps Jr. was voted the game's most valuable player after scoring two goals. The game was also notable for the first female reporters allowed in a men's professional sports locker room, Robin Herman (The New York Times) and Marcelle St. Cyr (CKLM radio in Montreal).

Syl Apps Jr.
Sylvanus Marshall Apps (born August 1, 1947) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre who played 10 seasons in the National Hockey League for the New York Rangers, Los Angeles Kings and Pittsburgh Penguins. Apps was born in Toronto, Ontario. He is the son of Hockey Hall of Fame member Syl Apps.
Neides tipularius
Neides tipularius is a Palearctic stilt bug. It occurs from the Northern Mediterranean to Scandinavia and the British Isles. Further east it is found in Asia minor and the Caucasus  to Central Asia. In Germany and the Alps it is widespread and not uncommon. In Britain it is locally common in large parts of the South. In Ireland it is rare.

Adults are 9.5 to 11.5 mm long. They are drab grey-brown or straw coloured and easily recognizable by their slender elongate bodies and very long legs. The similar representatives of the genus Berytinus are smaller and have a much shorter second antennal segment. The hemielytra are always fully developed. Nymphs are colored green.

Neides tipularius feeds on various herbaceous plants such as Cerastium, Arenaria,  Silene,  various Caryophyllaceae, Erodium, Geraniaceae and others. The imagines also feed on grasses (Poaceae such as Corynephorus and Agrostis. They are associated with dry, sandy soils and coastal dunes.

Erodium
Erodium is a genus of flowering plants in the botanical family Geraniaceae. The genus includes about 120 species with a subcosmopolitan distribution, native to Europe, North Africa, Asia, Australia, and more locally in North and South America. They are perennials, annuals, or subshrubs, with five-petalled flowers in shades of white, pink, and purple, that strongly resemble the better-known Geranium (crane's-bills). In English-speaking areas of Europe, the species are known as stork's-bills. In North America they are known as filarees or heron's bill.
2025 Piala Sumbangsih
The 2025 Piala Sumbangsih (also known as Malaysian Charity Shield) is the scheduled 40th edition of the Malaysian Charity Shield, an annual football match played between the winners of the previous season's Malaysia Super League and Malaysia FA Cup. It will be played at Sultan Ibrahim Stadium in Johor in 8 August 2025, and will feature the domestic treble winners Johor Darul Ta'zim and the 2024–25 Malaysia Super League runners-up Selangor.

Malaysia FA Cup
The Malaysia FA Cup (Malay: Piala FA) is an annual football competition in Malaysia, established in 1990. It was previously managed by the Football Association of Malaysia, before being transferred to the Malaysian Football League in the 2016 season.

The winners of the competition are awarded a slot in the AFC Champions League Two. The current title holders are Johor Darul Ta'zim, which won their fifth title in 2025.
Ömer Halis Bıyıktay
Ömer Halis Bıyıktay (1883; Erzincan - December 25, 1939; Istanbul) was an officer of the Ottoman Army and a general of the Turkish Army. During the Turkish War of Independence, he played a major role in the Turkish–Armenian War where he led his forces and captured huge territories from the Armenians.

Erzincan
Erzincan (pronounced [æɾˈzindʒan]; Kurdish: Erzîngan), historically Yerznka (Armenian: Երզնկա), is the capital of Erzincan Province in eastern Turkey. Nearby cities include Erzurum, Sivas, Tunceli, Bingöl, Elazığ, Malatya, Gümüşhane, Bayburt, and Giresun. The city is majority Turkish Sunni with significant Kurdish and Alevi minorities.

The city had a population of 150,714 in 2022, an increase from 86,779 in 2007.
Zhao Qinan
Zhao Qinan (Chinese: 赵启男; born 29 August 1997) is a Chinese ice hockey player and member of the Chinese national ice hockey team, currently playing in the Chinese Women's Ice Hockey League with Shenzhen KRS. She previously played with the KRS Vanke Rays in the 2021–22 season of the Zhenskaya Hockey League (ZhHL) and previously played in the Canadian Women's Hockey League (CWHL) with the Vanke Rays in the 2017–18 season and the Shenzhen KRS Vanke Rays in the 2018–19 season.

Zhao represented China in the women's ice hockey tournament at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing.

Zhenskaya Hockey League
The Zhenskaya Hockey League or ZhHL (Russian: Женская хоккейная лига, romanized: Zhenskaya khokkeynaya liga, lit. 'Women's Hockey League'), officially called the Women's Hockey League (WHL), is a professional ice hockey league in Russia, currently comprising eight teams. The league is also known as the PariMatch Women's Hockey League for sponsorship reasons.

The league was founded via a joint partnership of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) and the Ice Hockey Federation of Russia (FHR) on 19 June 2015. It replaced the Russian Women's Hockey League (RWHL), which had been founded in 1995 and was operated by the FHR alone.
Toni Bortoluzzi
Anton Bortoluzzi colloquially Toni Bortoluzzi (German pronunciation: [ˈtoːni bɔʁtoˈluːtsi]; born 16 February 1947) is a Swiss carpenter and former politician who served on the National Council (Switzerland) for the Swiss People's Party from 1991 to 2015 and previously on the Cantonal Council of Zürich from 1984 to 1991.

A prominent figure in Swiss right-wing politics, was often known as the stalking horse for the right. Bortoluzzi made headlines for his conservative views on homosexuals, lesbians and polyamory calling them misguided and contrary to nature. He was one of the close associates of Christoph Blocher. His son, Flavio Bortoluzzi (born 1977), is a member of the Grand Council of Fribourg since 2021, and candidate for National Council (Switzerland) during the 2023 Swiss federal election.

Stalking horse
A stalking horse is a figure used to test a concept or mount a challenge on behalf of a third party. If the idea proves viable or popular, the third party can then declare its interest and advance the concept with little risk of failure. If the concept fails, the third party will not be tainted by association with the failed concept and can either drop the idea completely or bide its time and wait until a better moment to launch an attack. The relationship between the stalking horse and third party is usually, but not always, hidden from the public. In many cases, the scheme is one-sided, with only one party aware of the arrangement.

In hunting, it refers to a horse, or a model of a horse, behind which a hunter hides when stalking game.
DynaComware
DynaComware Corp. (Chinese: 威鋒數位開發股份有限公司) is a type foundry company based in Taiwan, which was founded in 1987 as DynaLab Inc. (華康科技開發股份有限公司). It is a supplier of CJK fonts to businesses in Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong, China, and the US.

DynaComware fonts can be found in Chinese software, embedded, and mobile devices. Major clients for DynaComware products include Microsoft, Apple Daily News, Panasonic, PC HOME, the Taiwanese government, and Longhua Technical University. DynaLab fonts (DF) for Chinese, Japanese and Korean were also bundled with some versions of CorelDRAW such as X5 and X6.

The company was the only supplier for Traditional Chinese fonts for Microsoft Windows from the first edition of Traditional Chinese Windows (3.1), until the release of Windows Vista, which contained Microsoft Jhenghei, which is supplied by Monotype Corporation.

Panasonic
Panasonic Holdings Corporation is a Japanese multinational electronics manufacturer, headquartered in Kadoma, Osaka, Japan. It was founded in 1918 as Matsushita Electric Housewares Manufacturing Works in the Fukushima ward of Osaka by Kōnosuke Matsushita. The company was incorporated in 1935 and renamed Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., and changed its name to Panasonic Corporation in 2008. In 2022, it reorganized as a holding company and adopted its current name.

In addition to consumer electronics, for which it was the world's largest manufacturer in the late 20th century, Panasonic produces a wide range of products and services, including rechargeable batteries, automotive and avionic systems, industrial equipment, as well as home renovation and construction. The company is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 and TOPIX 100 indices, with a secondary listing on the Nagoya Stock Exchange.
Tu mi hai capito
"Tu mi hai capito" (lit. 'You understood me') is a song by Italian rapper and singer-songwriter Madame, with featured vocals by Italian rapper Sfera Ebbasta. The song was released as a single on 3 September 2021 and was included in the digital re-issue of the debut album Madame.

A French version featuring Hatik, entitled "Tu m'as compris", was released on 28 January 2022.

Hatik
Clément Daniel Maxime Penhoat (French: [klemɑ̃ danjɛl maksim pɛnɔa], [pɛnwa]; born November 26, 1992, in Chevreuse), better known by his stage name Hatik, is a French rapper and actor from Guyancourt, Yvelines.

He was known for his musical project Chaise pliante starting 2018. His biggest hit to date is "Angela". In 2020 he obtained a leading role of Apash in the French TV series Validé broadcast on Canal+.
TWANG
TWANG, the Toolkit for Weighting and Analysis of Nonequivalent Groups, developed by the statistics group of the RAND Corporation, contains a set of functions to support Rubin causal modeling of observational data through the estimation and evaluation of propensity score weights by applying gradient boosting. It has been applied in several studies.

Observational study
In fields such as epidemiology, social sciences, psychology  and statistics, an observational study draws inferences from a sample to a population where the independent variable is not under the control of the researcher because of ethical concerns or logistical constraints. One common observational study is about the possible effect of a treatment on subjects, where the assignment of subjects into a treated group versus a control group is outside the control of the investigator. This is in contrast with experiments, such as randomized controlled trials, where each subject is randomly assigned to a treated group or a control group. Observational studies, for lacking an assignment mechanism, naturally present difficulties for inferential analysis.
West Styria (National Council electoral district)
West Styria (German: Weststeiermark), also known as Electoral District 6C (German: Wahlkreis 6C), is one of the 39 multi-member regional electoral districts of the National Council, the lower house of the Austrian Parliament, the national legislature of Austria. The electoral district was established in 2012 following the re-organisation of the regional electoral districts in Styria to reflect the new administrative district structure and came into being at the following legislative election in 2013. It consists of the districts of Deutschlandsberg, Leibnitz and Voitsberg in the state of Styria. The electoral district currently elects five of the 183 members of the National Council using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2019 legislative election the constituency had 159,101 registered electors.

Austrian Parliament
The Austrian Parliament (German: Parlament Österreich) is the bicameral federal legislature of Austria. It consists of two chambers – the National Council and the Federal Council. In specific cases, both houses convene as the Federal Assembly. The legislature meets in the Austrian Parliament Building in Vienna.
Trinity, North Carolina
Trinity is a city in Randolph County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 7,006 at the 2020 census. Trinity is part of the Greensboro-High Point Metropolitan Statistical Area of the Piedmont Triad metro region.

Kyle Petty
Kyle Eugene Petty (born June 2, 1960) is an American former stock car racing driver and current racing commentator. He is the son of racer Richard Petty, grandson of racer Lee Petty, and father of racer Adam Petty, who was killed in a crash during practice in May 2000. Petty last drove the No. 45 Dodge Charger for Petty Enterprises, where he was CEO; his last race was in 2008.
Payam International Airport
Payam Airport (Persian: فرودگاه پیام) (IATA: PYK, ICAO: OIIP) is a public, international airport located in Karaj, 40 kilometres (25 mi) from Tehran, in Alborz Province of Iran. The airport was established in 1990, but was not opened officially until 1997. Payam Aviation Services Co. operates the airport as part of Payam Special Economic Zone. Payam Air previously operated an air mail hub at the airport.

The airport has served primarily as cargo field. Commercial passenger services started on 14 September 2018 (23 Sharivar 1397 AP). The first flight was a Taban Air service from Mashhad International Airport.

Alborz province
Alborz province (Persian: استان البرز) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Karaj, which lies 40 km west of Tehran, at the foothills of the Alborz mountains. Alborz is Iran's smallest province in area.
Badminton at the 2022 Pacific Mini Games
For the first time in the history of the Pacific Mini Games, the sport of badminton made its debut at the 2022 Pacific Mini Games in Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands. It was held at the Gilbert C. Ada Gymnasium from the 20-25 June 2022.

Ada Gym
Gilbert C. Ada Gymnasium is a multi-purpose sports indoor facility. It is one of the facilities that the Oleai Sports Complex contains. A major renovation project was completed in 2017. It is mostly used for Marianas Soccer League matches.
Ratnasiri Rajapakse
Ratnasiri Rajapakse (c.1946 – 12 September 2003) was a Sri Lanka politician, and the former Mayor of Colombo, between 1991 and 1996.

He was a member of the Western Provincial Council, a member of the United National Party Executive Committee and the General Secretary of the Sri Sucharitha movement, founded by President Ranasinghe Premadasa.

In May 1994 he was removed from the office of mayor on corruption charges and was replaced by the deputy mayor, Kanagasabai Ganeshalingam. His subsequent petition to the Court of Appeal was rejected and he followed this with an appeal to the Supreme Court, which ruled in 1997 that his removal was invalid, the order however came a month after the Colombo Municipal Council was dissolved.

He died on 12 September 2003, at the age of 57, following a heart attack.

United National Party
The United National Party (UNP; Sinhala: එක්සත් ජාතික පක්ෂය, romanized: Eksath Jāthika Pakshaya, Tamil: ஐக்கிய தேசியக் கட்சி, romanized: Aikkiya Tēciyak Kaṭci) is a centre-right political party in Sri Lanka. Founded in 1946, the party was one of Sri Lanka's two main parties for several decades, serving as either the country's ruling party or as part of its governing coalition for several periods of the country's independent history. After suffering a major split in the lead-up to the 2020 parliamentary elections, the UNP saw a collapse in parliament, with the party only winning one national list seat and losing all its votes to the new Samagi Jana Balawegaya alliance. Currently, the UNP is a notable third party in Sri Lankan politics.

The UNP has been led by former president Ranil Wickremesinghe since 1994. The party is a member of the International Democracy Union.
Nanekawâsis
nanekawâsis is a Canadian documentary film, directed by Conor McNally and released in 2024. The film is a portrait of George Littlechild, a Cree artist from Canada who was separated from his family in childhood as part of the Sixties Scoop before reconnecting with his heritage as an adult, with Cree culture becoming both the basis of his career as a visual artist and the lens through which he came to terms with his identity as a two-spirit man. The film blends contemporary footage shot digitally and on 16 mm film with archival footage collected by Gil Cardinal and Tom Radford. It also features interludes of Cree poetry by Maria Buffalo, recited by Jessie Loyer.

The film premiered at the 2024 DOXA Documentary Film Festival, and was subsequently screened at the 2024 Inside Out Film and Video Festival.

DOXA Documentary Film Festival
The DOXA Documentary Film Festival is a documentary film festival based in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It is held annually held for 10 days in May, and is presented by The Documentary Media Society, a non-profit organization.

The festival was staged for the first time in 2000. Originally intended as a once-only event, by the time of its launch the organizers had decided to organize a permanent biennial festival; following the second festival in 2002, it became an annual event thereafter.
1970 Tour de France
The 1970 Tour de France was the 57th edition of the Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. It took place between 27 June and 19 July, with 23 stages covering a distance of 4,254 km (2,643 mi). It was the second victory for Belgian Eddy Merckx, who also won the mountains classification, and nearly won every major jersey for a 2nd year in a row but finished second in the points classification behind Walter Godefroot by five points. The previous year only one rider was able to keep him within 20:00 and in 1970 a mere four other riders were within 20:00, with only debutant Joop Zoetemelk finishing inside 15:00 of Merckx.

Cyrille Guimard
Cyrille Guimard (born 20 January 1947) is a French former professional road racing cyclist who became a directeur sportif and television commentator. Three of his riders, Bernard Hinault, Laurent Fignon, and Lucien Van Impe, won the Tour de France. Another of his protégés, Greg LeMond, described him as "the best (coach) in the world" and "the best coach I ever had". He has been described by cycling journalist William Fotheringham as the greatest directeur sportif in the history of the Tour.