hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Non-belligerent
A non-belligerent is a person, a state, or other organization that does not fight in a given conflict. The term is often used to describe a country that does not take part militarily in a war.

A non-belligerent state differs from a neutral one in that it may support certain belligerents in a war but is not directly involved in military operations.
The term may also be used to describe a person not involved in combat or aggression, especially if combat or aggression is likely. In a situation of civil unrest such as a riot, civilians may be divided into belligerents, those actually fighting or intending to fight, and non-belligerents who are merely bystanders.

Military operation
A military operation (op) is the coordinated military actions of a state, or a non-state actor, in response to a developing situation. These actions are designed as a military plan to resolve the situation in the state or actor's favor. Operations may be of a combat or non-combat nature and may be referred to by a code name for the purpose of national security. Military operations are often known for their more generally accepted common usage names than their actual operational objectives.
Mason Caton-Brown
Mason Caton-Brown (born 24 May 1993) is a former rugby league footballer who played as a winger or centre and represented Jamaica at international level.

He has previously played for the London Broncos in the Super League, and on loan from the Broncos at the Hemel Stags in League 1. Caton-Brown has also played in the top flight for the Salford Red Devils, and Wakefield Trinity in two separate spells, and spent time on loan from Wakefield at the Dewsbury Rams in the Championship. He also played for the Toronto Wolfpack in the Championship.

He has also represented Jamaica in rugby sevens.

Toronto Wolfpack
Toronto Wolfpack RLFC was a Canadian professional rugby league club based in Toronto, Ontario. The club was the first and only professional rugby league club in North America, and in 2023 competed in the self sponsored TWP Canada Cup, an invitational league for North American teams organised by Toronto Wolfpack.

The club originally competed in the British rugby league system but withdrew in the 2020 Super League season due to "overwhelming financial challenges" caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

The club is the first and only North American team to play in the Rugby Football League system, making it the first transatlantic rugby league team.

As of December 2025, the Wolfpack have not played any organized matches since playing in the TWP Canada Cup in 2023.
1849 California lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1849 California lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on November 13, 1849, in order to elect the first Lieutenant Governor of California upon California acquiring statehood on September 9, 1850. Candidate John McDougal defeated candidate Richard Roman, candidate John B. Frisbie, candidate Francis J. Lippitt, candidate A. M. Winn, candidate and former Supreme Judge of the Provisional Government of Oregon Peter Hardeman Burnett and candidate Pablo de la Guerra.

Francis J. Lippitt
Francis James Lippitt (July 19, 1812–September 27, 1902) was an American lawyer and veteran of the Mexican–American War, the Bald Hills War and the American Civil War. For the later he was made a brevet brigadier general.
LCRD
LCRD may stand for:

Lake City Roller Dolls, roller derby league based in Warsaw, Indiana

Laser Communication Relay Demonstration, NASA mission

Lava City Roller Dolls, roller derby league based in Bend, Oregon

Lake City Roller Dolls
The Lake City Roller Dolls (LCRD) is a roller derby league based in Warsaw, Indiana.  Founded in 2010, the league consists of a single team which competes against teams from other leagues, and is a member of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA).
Llantarnam Grange Arts Centre
Llantarnam Grange Arts Centre (Welsh: Canolfan Celfyddydau Llantarnam Grange) is located within a 19th-century Victorian manor house in Cwmbrân and is the regional centre for the applied arts in south-east Wales. It presents exhibitions promoting the applied arts, and extensive education and participation schemes of work to the local community.

The arts centre is a registered charity governed via a voluntary board of trustees and is a revenue-funded client of the Arts Council of Wales. It holds a service level agreement with the local Torfaen County Borough Council. Additional funding comes from Monmouthshire County Council, Cwmbrân Community Council, Croesyceiliog & Llanyrafon Community Council and independent trusts and foundations.

Llanyrafon
Llanyrafon is a suburb of Cwmbran and a community in the county borough of Torfaen in south east Wales. It lies within the boundaries of the historic county of  Monmouthshire and the preserved county of Gwent.
Doye Agama
Archbishop Doyé Teido Agama is a Christian leader within the Pentecostal Holiness and Convergence movements. He is the founder of Apostolic Pastoral Congress, a collegiate collective of Pentecostal bishops and pastors adhering to paleo-orthodoxy and was for many years the organisation’s President and its presiding prelate.  He leads the Christian Way of Life group of churches. He has been a prominent figure in the Churches Together in England movement and is involved extensively in the African diaspora and black and multicultural affairs.

Agama lives in the United Kingdom, but has close ties with Nigeria.

Paleo-orthodoxy
Paleo-orthodoxy (from Ancient Greek παλαιός "ancient" and Koine Greek ὀρθοδοξία "correct belief") is a Protestant Christian theological movement in the United States which emerged in the late 20th and early 21st centuries and which focuses on the consensual understanding of the faith among the ecumenical councils and Church Fathers. While it understands this consensus of the Church Fathers as orthodoxy proper, it calls itself paleo-orthodoxy to distinguish itself from neo-orthodoxy, a movement that was influential among Protestant churches in the mid-20th century.
Stubø
Stubø is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eirik Stubø (born 1965), Norwegian stage producer and theatre director

Håvard Stubø (born 1977), Norwegian guitarist and composer

Kjersti Stubø (born 1970), Norwegian vocalist

Mathias Stubø (born 1992), Norwegian musician and DJ

Thorgeir Stubø (1943–1986), Norwegian guitarist and composer

Kjersti Stubø
Kjersti Aasan Stubø (born 25 April 1970) is a Norwegian jazz musician vocalist, daughter and musical successor of Jazz guitarist Thorgeir Stubø (1943–1986), mother of elektronica musician Mathias Stubø (b. 1992), and sister of Jazz guitarist Håvard and theatre director Eirik Stubø.
Power Macintosh 7100
The Power Macintosh 7100 is a personal computer that was designed, manufactured and sold by Apple Computer from March 1994 to January 1996. It is the mid-range machine of the first generation of Power Macintosh line, between the Power Macintosh 6100 and the 8100. The 7100 re-used the Macintosh IIvx case with few changes. The initial version of the 7100 was powered by a 66 MHz PowerPC 601, and an 80 MHz version replaced it in January 1995. 
The 7100 was succeeded in August 1995 by two new models, the Power Macintosh 7200 and the Power Macintosh 7500, though sales of the 7100 continued into early 1996.

PowerPC 600
The PowerPC 600 family was the first family of PowerPC processors built. They were designed at the Somerset facility in Austin, Texas, jointly funded and staffed by engineers from IBM and Motorola as a part of the AIM alliance. Somerset was opened in 1992 and its goal was to make the first PowerPC processor and then keep designing general purpose PowerPC processors for personal computers. The first incarnation became the PowerPC 601 in 1993, and the second generation soon followed with the PowerPC 603, PowerPC 604 and the 64-bit PowerPC 620.
Durant Educators
The Durant Educators were a Texas–Oklahoma League baseball team based in Durant, Oklahoma, USA that played during the 1911 season. They were managed by Ben Brownlow, W. W. Washington, Hetty Green and Joe Connor in their only year of existence. The Educators placed 2nd in the league with a 65-46 overall record, hosting home games at the Durant Base Ball Park.

Durant, Oklahoma
Durant (/duːrænt/) is a city in and the county seat of Bryan County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 18,589 in the 2020 census. It is the home of the headquarters of the Choctaw Nation, and is the largest settlement on the reservation, ranking ahead of McAlester and Poteau. Durant is the principal city of the Durant Micropolitan Statistical Area, which had a population of 46,067 in 2020. Durant is also part of the Dallas–Fort Worth Combined Statistical Area, anchoring the northern edge.

The city was founded by Dixon Durant, a Choctaw who lived in the area, after the MK&T railroad came through the Indian Territory in the early 1870s. It became the county seat of Bryan County in 1907 after Oklahoma statehood.

Durant is home to Southeastern Oklahoma State University and the headquarters of the Choctaw Nation. The city is officially known as the Magnolia Capital of Oklahoma. The city and its micropolitan are a major part of the Texoma region.
Mihir Baran Banerjee
Mihir Baran Banerjee (M.B. Banerjee) (born 29 March 1943) is an Indian mathematician who specialised in hydrodynamics and hydromagnetic stability

He was awarded in 1988 the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, the highest science award in India, in the mathematical sciences category.

Magnetohydrodynamics
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD; also called magneto-fluid dynamics or hydro­magnetics) is a model of electrically conducting fluids that treats all types of charged particles together as one continuous fluid. It is primarily concerned with the low-frequency, large-scale, magnetic behavior in plasmas and liquid metals and has applications in multiple fields including space physics, geophysics, astrophysics, and engineering.
Jackie Torres
Jackie Torres is a Puerto Rican actress, writer, director and producer who gained notoriety while producing the top shows Marcano...El Show and Con lo que cuenta este pais in her native Puerto Rico and La Hora Lunatica in Los Angeles California, all for the Telemundo Television Network. Her move to Los Angeles introduced her to the cinema world. She directed the urban films The Price of the American Dream & East LA King for Laguna Productions and Crossing Frontiers for her own company Jakmar Entertainment. As an actress she has acted in over 20 films and TV series including Domino: Battle of the Bones, After Words, Black Monday, Bosch, ER, The District, Miss Cast Away and the Island Girls, Blood Relatives, and El Güero Estrada. She obtained a Bachelor’s Degree in Communications at the University of Maryland, College Park. After that, she got a Master’s Degree from the University of Puerto Rico.

The District
The District is an American crime drama and police procedural television series that aired on CBS from October 7, 2000, to May 1, 2004. The show followed the work and personal life of the chief of Washington, D.C.'s police department.
Ja'far ibn Ali
Jaʿfar ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib (Arabic: جَعْفَر ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱبْن أَبِي طَالِب) was a son of Ali and Umm al-Banin. He was named by Ali after the latter's brother, Ja'far ibn Abi Talib. The younger Ja'far was one of the companions of Husayn in the Battle of Karbala, where he was martyred on Ashura alongside his brothers Abbas, Abdullah and Uthman.

Ja'far ibn Abi Talib
Jaʿfar ibn Abī Ṭālib (Arabic: جَعْفَر ٱبْن أَبِي طَالِب c. 590 – September 629), also known as Jaʿfar aṭ-Ṭayyār (Arabic: جَعْفَر ٱلطَّيَّار, lit. 'Ja'far the Flyer'), was a companion and cousin of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and an elder brother of Ali.
Fuzzy Nation
Fuzzy Nation (ISBN 0765367033, published by Tor Books) is a 2011 novel by John Scalzi, described as a reboot of H. Beam Piper's 1962 novel Little Fuzzy.

In 2012, Scalzi's novel received the Audie Award for Science Fiction and it was narrated by Wil Wheaton.

Audie Award for Science Fiction
, The Audie Award for Science Fiction is one of the Audie Awards presented annually by the Audio Publishers Association (APA). It awards excellence in narration, production, and content for a science-fiction audiobook released in a given year. It has been awarded since 2003.
Manfred Melzer
Manfred Melzer (28 February 1944 – 9 August 2018) was a German bishop of the Roman Catholic Church. Appointed by Pope Benedict XVI, Melzer was serving as an Auxiliary Bishop of the Archdiocese of Cologne from 1995 to 2015.

Archdiocese of Cologne
The Archdiocese of Cologne (Latin: Archidioecesis Coloniensis; German: Erzbistum Köln) is a Latin Church archdiocese of the Catholic Church in western North Rhine-Westphalia and northern Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany.
Oman at the 2021 Islamic Solidarity Games
Oman participated in the 2021 Islamic Solidarity Games held in Konya, Turkey from 9 to 18 August 2022.

The games had been rescheduled several times. In May 2021, the ISSF postponed the event to August 2022 citing the COVID-19 pandemic situation in the participating countries.

Konya
Konya is a major city in central Turkey, on the southwestern edge of the Central Anatolian Plateau, and is the capital of Konya Province. During antiquity and into Seljuk times it was known as Iconium.  In 19th-century accounts of the city in English its name is usually spelt Konia or Koniah. In the late medieval period, Konya was the capital of the Seljuk Turks' Sultanate of Rum, from where the sultans ruled over Anatolia.

As of 2024, the population of the Metropolitan Province was 2,330,024. 1,433,861 live in the three urban districts (Karatay, Selcuklu, Meram), making it the sixth most populous city in Turkey, and second most populous of the Central Anatolia Region, after Ankara. City has Konya is served by TCDD high-speed train (YHT) services from Istanbul, Ankara and Karaman. The local airport (Konya Havalimanı, KYA) is served by frequent flights from Istanbul whereas flights to and from İzmir are offered few times a week.
Carr Inlet
Carr Inlet, in southern Puget Sound in the U.S. state of Washington, is an arm of water between Key Peninsula and Gig Harbor Peninsula. Its southern end is connected to the southern basin of Puget Sound. Northward, it separates McNeil Island and Fox Island. The northern end of Carr Inlet is named Henderson Bay, which feeds into Burley Lagoon.

Carr Inlet was named by Charles Wilkes during the Wilkes Expedition of 1838–1842, to honor Overton Carr, one of the expedition's officers.

Charles Wilkes
Charles Wilkes (April 3, 1798 – February 8, 1877) was an American naval officer, ship's captain, and explorer. He led the first United States Exploring Expedition (1838–1842). 
During the American Civil War (1861-1865), he commanded USS San Jacinto during the Trent Affair incident in which he stopped a British Royal Mail ship and forcibly removed two Confederate diplomats, almost leading to war between the United States and United Kingdom.
Deer Mountain (Alaska)
Deer Mountain is a 3,001.97 feet (915.00 m) mountain peak located in the Tongass National Forest in the Ketchikan Gateway Borough, Alaska, which dominates the skyline behind downtown Ketchikan. The Deer Mountain National Recreation Trail provides a strenuous hiking route to the summit, passing through temperate rainforests, muskeg and alpine meadows as it gains 2,600 feet (790 m) of elevation over 2.75 miles (4.43 km) from the trailhead in Ketchikan to the peak.

Alpine tundra
Alpine tundra is a type of natural region or biome that does not contain trees because it is at high elevation, with an associated harsh climate. As the latitude of a location approaches the poles, the threshold elevation for alpine tundra gets lower until it reaches sea level and merges with polar tundra.

The high elevation causes an adverse climate, which is too cold and windy to support tree growth. Alpine tundra transitions to sub-alpine forests below the tree line; stunted forests occurring at the forest-tundra ecotone are known as krummholz. With increasing elevation it ends at the snow line where snow and ice persist through summer.

Alpine tundra occurs in mountains worldwide. The flora of the alpine tundra is characterized by dwarf shrubs close to the ground. The cold climate of the alpine tundra is caused by adiabatic cooling of air, and is similar to polar climate.
John Palumbo
John Anthony Palumbo (born 1956 in Birmingham, Alabama) is an American author, businessman and professional speaker who writes and lectures internationally on consumer behavior, sales psychology, and personal development. He is based in Jacksonville, Florida.

Motivational speaker
A motivational speaker (or inspirational speaker) is a speaker who makes speeches intended to motivate or inspire an audience. Such speakers may attempt to  challenge or transform their audiences. The speech itself is popularly known as a pep talk.

Motivational speakers can deliver speeches at schools, colleges, places of worship, companies, corporations, government agencies, conferences, trade shows, summits, community organizations, and similar environments.
John Myers Myers
John Myers Myers (January 11, 1906 – October 30, 1988) was an American writer. He is known best for the fantasy novel Silverlock (1949), in which a man with a Master of Business Administration travels through a fantasy land, meeting dozens of characters from myth, legend, and romance for adventure and instruction.

Fantasy literature
Fantasy literature is literature set in an imaginary universe, often but not always without any locations, events, or people from the real world. Magic, the supernatural and magical creatures are common in many of these imaginary worlds. Fantasy literature may be directed at both children and adults.

Fantasy is considered a genre of speculative fiction and is distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror by the absence of scientific or macabre themes, respectively, though these may overlap. Historically, most works of fantasy were in written form, but since the 1960s, a growing segment of the genre has taken the form of fantasy films, fantasy television programs, graphic novels, video games, music and art.

Many fantasy novels originally written for children and adolescents also attract an adult audience. Examples include Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, the Harry Potter series, The Chronicles of Narnia, and The Hobbit.
Drummer Boy (EP)
For the Christmas Carol, see Little Drummer Boy.

Drummer Boy is an EP release by Christian folk group Jars of Clay featuring a new interpretation of the classic 1958 Christmas Carol "Little Drummer Boy".  The EP was originally released by Essential Records in the Christmas following the release of Jars Of Clay in 1995. The EP was re-released as a two-pack with Jars of Clay prior to their second album, Much Afraid.

Harry Simeone
Harry Simeone (May 9, 1911 – February 22, 2005) was an American music arranger, conductor, and composer. He spent much of his career working in film and television, but he is best remembered for directing the Harry Simeone Chorale, which popularized the Christmas song "The Little Drummer Boy" in 1958.
Twenty Mile Creek (Ontario)
The Twenty Mile Creek is a minor waterway, located in the Niagara Peninsula, Ontario, Canada.  The creek is named for the location of its mouth, twenty miles (32 km) west of the Niagara River along the Lake Ontario shoreline. The Indigenous name for the Twenty Mile Creek was the Kenachdaw, which translates to Lead River.

Niagara Peninsula
The Niagara Peninsula is an isthmus lying between the southwestern shore of Lake Ontario and the northeastern shore of Lake Erie, in Ontario, Canada. Technically an isthmus rather than a peninsula, it stretches from the Niagara River in the east to Hamilton, Ontario, in the west. The peninsula is located in the Golden Horseshoe region of Southern Ontario, and has a population of roughly 500 000  residents. The region directly across the Niagara River and Lake Erie in New York State is known as the Niagara Frontier.
Hoda Afshar
Hoda Afshar (born 1983) is an Iranian documentary photographer who is based in Melbourne. She is known for her 2018 prize-winning portrait of Kurdish-Iranian refugee Behrouz Boochani, who suffered a long imprisonment in the Manus Island detention centre run by the Australian government. Her work has been featured in many exhibitions and is held in many permanent collections across Australia.

Since 2019 and as of 2023 Afshar teaches at the Victorian College of the Arts and Photography Studies College in Melbourne.

Documentary photography
Documentary photography usually refers to a popular form of photography used to chronicle events or environments both significant and relevant to history and historical events as well as everyday life. It is typically undertaken as professional photojournalism, or real-life reportage, but it may also be an amateur, artistic, or academic pursuit. Social documentary photography aims to draw the public's attention to social issues or to the life of underprivileged people.
Black College Football: BCFX: The Xperience
Black College Football Experience (BCFx) is a sports video game centered on the culture of black college football.  BCFx was created by Nerjyzed Entertainment, Inc., of Baton Rouge, LA. It features Historically Black Colleges & University (HBCU) football teams from three HBCU conferences including the SWAC, SIAC, and several schools within the MEAC as well as independent HBCUs. The game features nearly 40 teams, bands, interactive halftime shows, stadiums, play-by-play commentary, and ten Classic games such as the Turkey Day Classic, Bayou Classic, Florida Classic, Atlanta Football Classic and the Southern Heritage Classic. BCFx was originally released on Windows-based PC systems in November 23, 2007. An Xbox 360 version titled "The Doug Williams Edition" was released September 29. On November 15, 2021, it was announced that BCFx would be joining the Xbox One and Xbox Series S/X backwards compatibility list.

BCFx uses the Unreal Engine 3 game engine.

Unreal Engine 3
Unreal Engine 3 (UE3) is the third version of Unreal Engine developed by Epic Games. Unreal Engine 3 was one of the first game engines to support multithreading. It used DirectX 9 as its baseline graphics API, simplifying its rendering code. The first games using UE3 were released at the end of 2006. It was succeeded by Unreal Engine 4.
Enneahedron
In geometry, an enneahedron (or nonahedron) is a polyhedron with nine faces. There are 2606 types of convex enneahedra, each having a different pattern of vertex, edge, and face connections. None of them are regular.

Regular polyhedron
A regular polyhedron is a polyhedron with regular and congruent polygons as faces. Its symmetry group acts transitively on its flags. A regular polyhedron is highly symmetrical, being all of edge-transitive, vertex-transitive and face-transitive. In classical contexts, many different equivalent definitions are used; a common one is that the faces are congruent regular polygons which are assembled in the same way around each vertex.

A regular polyhedron is identified by its Schläfli symbol of the form {n, m}, where n is the number of sides of each face and m the number of faces meeting at each vertex. There are 5 finite convex regular polyhedra (the Platonic solids), and four regular star polyhedra (the Kepler–Poinsot polyhedra), making nine regular polyhedra in all. In addition, there are five regular compounds of the regular polyhedra.