hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pleuranthodium floccosum
Pleuranthodium floccosum is a monocotyledonous plant species first described by Theodoric Valeton, and given its current name by Rosemary Margaret Smith. Pleuranthodium floccosum is part of the genus Pleuranthodium and the family Zingiberaceae. No subspecies are listed in the Catalog of Life.

Theodoric Valeton
Theodoric Valeton (1855 in Groningen – 1929 in The Hague) was a Dutch botanist.

He studied at the University of Groningen and received his doctorate in 1886. In 1893, he began working at the botanical garden in Bogor, Indonesia and managed its herbarium between 1903 and 1913. Valeton studied Zingiberaceae in Bogor between 1916 and 1919.

He was honoured in the naming of 2 plant taxa;
Valetonia T.Durand (in the Icacinaceae family), which was published in 1888, the name is now a synonym of Pleurisanthes Baill.
In 1909, Franz Xaver Rudolf von Höhnel published Valetoniella Höhn., which is a genus of fungi (in the family Niessliaceae).
Polyglycolide
Polyglycolide or poly(glycolic acid) (PGA), also spelled as polyglycolic acid, is a biodegradable, thermoplastic polymer and the simplest linear, aliphatic polyester. It can be prepared starting from glycolic acid by means of polycondensation or ring-opening polymerization. PGA has been known since 1954 as a tough fiber-forming polymer.  Owing to its hydrolytic instability, however, its use was slow to develop. Polyglycolide and its copolymers (poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) with lactic acid, poly(glycolide-co-caprolactone) with ε-caprolactone and poly (glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate) with trimethylene carbonate) are widely used as a material for the synthesis of absorbable sutures and are being evaluated in the biomedical field.

Fiber
Fiber (spelled fibre in British English; from Latin: fibra) is a natural or artificial substance that is significantly longer than it is wide. Fibers are often used in the manufacture of other materials. The strongest engineering materials often incorporate fibers, for example carbon fiber and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene.

Synthetic fibers can often be produced very cheaply and in large amounts compared to natural fibers, but for clothing natural fibers have some benefits, such as comfort, over their synthetic counterparts.
Hector L. Torres
Hector L. Torres is a former Baltimore City Fire Department Battalion Chief and a Maryland Senate candidate in the 2010 Maryland General Assembly elections. Torres is running in the 43rd legislative district which is located in northwestern Baltimore and includes the neighborhoods of Abell, Cedarcroft, Coldstream-Homestead-Montebello, Ednor Gardens-Lakeside, Guilford, Hillen, Homeland, Lauraville, Mid-Govans, Northwood, Pen Lucy, Radnor-Winston, Ramblewood, Stonewood-Pentwood-Winston, Tuscany-Canterbury, Waverly and Woodbourne Heights. Torres has a long history of public service and Forbes.com called him "one of the area's most visible minority leaders."

Tuscany-Canterbury, Baltimore
Tuscany-Canterbury is a historic neighborhood in northern Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
Its history, development, and flavor are outlined in Eileen Higham's book Tuscany-Canterbury: A Baltimore Neighborhood History.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.
Gokiso Station
Gokiso Station (御器所駅, Gokiso-eki) is an underground metro station located in Shōwa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan operated by the Nagoya Municipal Subway's Tsurumai Line. The station is an interchange station between the Tsurumai Line and the Sakura-dōri Line and is located 11.9 km (7.4 mi) from the terminus of the Tsurumai Line at Kami-Otai Station and 8.4 km (5.2 mi) from the terminus of the Sakura-dōri Line at Taiko-dori Station.

Interchange station
An interchange station or a transfer station is a train station for more than one railway route in a public transport system that allows passengers to change from one route to another, often without having to leave a station or pay an additional fare.

Transfer may occur within the same mode, or between rail modes, or to buses (for stations with bus termini attached). Such stations usually have more platforms than single route stations. These stations can exist in either commercial centers or on the city outskirts in residential areas. Cities typically plan for land use around interchange stations for development. Passengers may be required to pay extra fare for the interchange if they leave a paid area.
Stations of the Exodus
The Stations of the Exodus are the locations visited by the Israelites following their exodus from Egypt, according to the Hebrew Bible. In the itinerary given in Numbers 33, forty-two stations are listed, although this list differs slightly from the narrative account of the journey found in Exodus and Deuteronomy.

Biblical commentators like St Jerome in his Epistle to Fabiola, Bede (Letter to Acca: "De Mansionibus Filiorum Israhel") and St Peter Damian discussed the Stations according to the Hebrew meanings of their names. Dante modeled the 42 chapters of his Vita Nuova on them.

Peter Damian
Peter Damian OSB (Latin: Petrus Damianus; Italian: Pietro or Pier Damiani; c. 1007 – 21 or 22 February 1072 or 1073) was an Italian reforming Benedictine monk and cardinal in the circle of Pope Leo IX. Dante placed him in one of the highest circles of Paradiso as a great predecessor of Francis of Assisi and he was declared a Doctor of the Church on 27 September 1828. His feast day is 21 February.
Salem bin Suweid and Yasser Freihat
Salem bin Suweid (alias Abu Suheib Habib, Salem bin Suriya) and Yasser Freihat (alias Yasser Fathi Ibraheem) (both died 11 March 2006) were Islamist militants who were executed in 2006 for the 2002 assassination of American diplomat Laurence Foley in Amman, Jordan.

Bin Suweid, a Libyan, and Freihat, a Jordanian, were arrested in Jordan on 14 December 2002 and charged with the shooting death of Foley. Jordan claimed that the two men were paid to kill Foley by Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, an Islamist militant leader, later the commander of al-Qaeda in Iraq. Both Bin Suweid and Freihat confessed and in 2004 were sentenced to death by hanging by the State Security Court. Al-Zarqawi was also sentenced to death in absentia.

Prior to their executions, Bin Suweid and Freihat alleged that Jordanian officials had forced them to confess to the assassination. Both men were hanged at Swaka Prison near Amman on 11 March 2006.

Al-Qaeda in Iraq
Al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI) was a Salafi jihadist organization affiliated with al-Qaeda. It was founded on 17 October 2004, and was led by Abu Musab al-Zarqawi until its disbandment on 15 October 2006 after he was killed in a targeted bombing on 7 June 2006 in Hibhib, Iraq by the United States Air Force.

The group was started as Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad in 1999. In 2004 it pledged allegiance to Osama bin Laden's al-Qaeda. Under the leadership of al-Zarqawi, AQI was engaged in various militant activities during the early stages of the Iraqi insurgency, with the objective of expelling the U.S.-led coalition and establishing an Islamic state in Iraq. In January 2006, AQI and seven other Sunni guerrilla groups formed the Mujahideen Shura Council (MSC), which on 15 October 2006 disbanded to form the "Islamic State of Iraq."
Manitoba Provincial Road 287
Provincial Road 287 (PR 287) is a 57.8-kilometre-long (35.9 mi) east–west highway in the NorMan Region of Manitoba, providing the only road access to Clearwater Lake Provincial Park, The Pas Airport, Cormorant, and via its spur PR 384, Moose Lake.

Moose Lake (Manitoba)
Moose Lake is a lake located near the Saskatchewan River Delta in Manitoba, Canada. It is separated into two irregularly shaped lobes, North Moose Lake and South Moose Lake, by the Moose Lake Narrows Control Structure, which was built in 1964. South Moose Lake drains south into Cedar Lake via Moose Creek; these two lakes form the reservoir of the Grand Rapids Generating Station, and the sluice gates at Moose Lake Narrows helps regulate their water levels. The lake as a whole lies at an elevation of 255 metres (837 ft) and covers 1,367 square kilometres (528 sq mi). The community of Moose Lake is on the south shore of the lake.
Ulmus americana 'American Liberty'
The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'American Liberty' is a group of six genetically distinct cultivars under a single name, although they are superficially similar. The Liberty elm is reportedly suitable for street planting, being tolerant of de-icing salts and air pollution. However, examples included in 10-year trials at Atherton, California to evaluate replacements for Californian elms lost to disease did not perform well. The late Professor Eugene Smalley summarized 'American Liberty' as "not as resistant as the Asian hybrids, but it still has the look of a classic American Elm".

Eugene Byron Smalley
Professor Eugene Byron Smalley (1926–2002) was an American plant pathologist. Smalley joined the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1957 with the specific aim of finding a way to control Dutch elm disease  Assembling seeds from around the northern hemisphere, Smalley developed resistant strains of elms which were patented and released to commerce, notably 'Sapporo Autumn Gold', and 'New Horizon'.
E. O. Smith High School
E. O. Smith High School, (or E.O. Smith) named after a member of Connecticut's legislature and former University of Connecticut president Edwin O. Smith, is a secondary school located in Storrs, Connecticut, United States. E.O. Smith was established by the University of Connecticut in 1958 as the first high school in the area.

Coventry, Connecticut
Coventry (/ˈkɑːvəntri/ KAH-vən-tree) is a town in Tolland County and in the Capitol Planning Region, Connecticut, United States. The population was 12,235 at the 2020 census. The birthplace of Captain Nathan Hale, Coventry is home to the Nathan Hale Homestead, which is now a museum open to the public.
Bjerringbro-Silkeborg Håndbold
Bjerringbro-Silkeborg Håndbold  is a handball club, based in the two Danish cities of Bjerringbro and Silkeborg. Currently, Bjerringbro-Silkeborg competes in the men's Danish Handball League. The home arena of the team is JYSK Arena.

The official fan club is called BSH Support. The fan club has previously been known as BSV Support and as Black Eagles.

Danish Super Cup (handball)
The Danish Super Cup is a tournament, in the format of a Supercup, played in both women's and men's handball. The tournament is arranged by Divisionsforeningen which also organises the Danish handball leagues. It was held the first time in 2011.

In the tournament, the winner of last season's Danish Men's Handball Cup or Danish Women's Handball Cup meets the winner of the Danish Men's Handball League or Danish Women's Handball League. If a team has won both the cup and the league, the runner-up of the league final plays in the Super Cup.
Mason County, Washington
Mason County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, the population was 65,726. The county seat and only incorporated city is Shelton. The county was formed out of Thurston County on March 13, 1854. Originally named Sawamish County, it took its present name in 1864 in honor of Charles H. Mason, the first Secretary of Washington Territory.

Mason County comprises the Shelton micropolitan statistical area and is included in the Seattle-Tacoma combined statistical area.

Washington Territory
The Washington Territory was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 2, 1853, until November 11, 1889, when the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Washington. It was created from the portion of the Oregon Territory north of the lower Columbia River and north of the 46th parallel east of the Columbia. At its largest extent, it also included the entirety of modern Idaho and parts of Montana and Wyoming, before attaining its final boundaries in 1863.

The territory was named after George Washington, a Founding Father and first president of the United States.
Battle of Siegburg
The Battle of Siegburg was the first engagement of the French offensive across the River Rhine - that offensive was to become the main campaign of 1796 during the War of the First Coalition. On 30 May 1796 général de division Jean-Baptiste Kléber crossed the river at Düsseldorf with the two divisions commanded by général de division Lefebvre and général de division Colaud. He then moved on Siegburg, where he won the battle on 1 June, thus enabling general Jean-Baptiste Jourdan to bring the bulk of his force across the Rhine at Neuwied.

François Joseph Lefebvre
François Joseph Lefebvre, Duke of Danzig (/ləˈfɛvrə/ lə-FEV-rə, French: [fʁɑ̃swa ʒozɛf ləfɛvʁ]; 25 October 1755 – 14 September 1820) was a French military commander of the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars, and one of the original eighteen Marshals of the Empire created by Napoleon.
Ain't No Fun (If the Homies Can't Have None)
"Ain't No Fun (If the Homies Can't Have None)" is a song by American rapper Snoop Doggy Dogg from his debut studio album Doggystyle (1993). It features Nate Dogg, Warren G and Kurupt. The song was produced by Dr. Dre.

Kurupt
Ricardo Emmanuel Brown (born November 23, 1972), better known by his stage name Kurupt, is an American rapper and record producer. Born in Philadelphia and raised in Los Angeles, he formed Tha Dogg Pound in 1992 along with Daz Dillinger; the rap duo has released eight albums. He also formed the hip-hop group The Hrsmn in 1996, with whom he has released two albums. His debut solo album, Kuruption! (1998) was released by A&M Records and peaked at number eight on the Billboard 200.
Geo von Lengerke
Geo von Lengerke (born August 31, 1827 Georg Ernst Heinrich von Lengerke, Dohnsen (Weser) in the then Duchy of Brunswick in northern Germany; died July 1882 in Zapatoca, Santander, Colombia) was a German engineer, merchant and landowner.

Dohnsen
Dohnsen (German pronunciation: [ˈdoːnzn̩]) is a village administered by the Lower Saxon town of Bergen in northern Celle district on the Lüneburg Heath in North Germany. It lies 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) east of Bergen and has 762 inhabitants (as of 2019).
Alan West, Baron West of Spithead
Alan William John West, Baron West of Spithead, GCB, DSC, PC (born 21 April 1948) is a retired admiral of the Royal Navy and formerly, from June 2007 to May 2010, a Labour Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State at the British Home Office with responsibility for security and a security advisor to Prime Minister Gordon Brown. Prior to his ministerial appointment, he was First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff from 2002 to 2006.

Admiral (Royal Navy)
Admiral (Adm) is a senior rank of the Royal Navy, which equates to the NATO rank code OF-9, outranked only by the rank of admiral of the fleet. Royal Navy officers holding the ranks of rear admiral, vice admiral and admiral of the fleet are sometimes considered generically to be admirals. The rank of admiral is currently the highest rank to which a serving officer in the Royal Navy can be promoted, admiral of the fleet being in abeyance except for honorary promotions of retired officers and members of the royal family.

The equivalent rank in the British Army and Royal Marines is general; and in the Royal Air Force, it is air chief marshal.
Jabdah
"Jabdah" is a song recorded by Italian synthpop group Koto. Released in 1986, it was their first single that charted. It was written by Anfrando Maiola and Stefano Cundari and produced by Stefano Cundari and Alessandro Zanni. The song reached No. 11 in Switzerland, No. 23 in Germany and No. 28 in the Netherlands. Like Koto's previous single "Visitors", it is considered part of the "spacesynth" canon. It is their most remixed song, with twelve official remixes.

The song was used by Australian telecommunications company Optus in a 2018 ad campaign called "Both Is Better", in which a customer at a fish and chip shop asks for both "regular" and chicken salt on his order of chips. The customer then clicks his fingers, and the song promptly plays as he and two other people in the shop dance until the owner wraps up his order.

French fries
French fries, or simply fries, also known as chips, and finger chips (Indian English), are batonnet or julienne-cut deep-fried potatoes of disputed origin. They are prepared by cutting potatoes into even strips, drying them, and frying them, usually in a deep fryer. Pre-cut, blanched, and frozen russet potatoes are widely used, and sometimes baked in a regular or convection oven, such as an air fryer.

French fries are served hot, either soft or crispy, and are generally eaten as part of lunch or dinner or by themselves as a snack, and they commonly appear on the menus of diners, fast food restaurants, pubs, and bars. They are typically salted and may be served with ketchup, vinegar, mayonnaise, tomato sauce, or other sauces. Fries can be topped more heavily, as in the dishes of poutine, loaded fries or chili cheese fries, and are occasionally made from sweet potatoes instead of potatoes.
The Sports Play Dylan (and Donovan)
The Sports Play Dylan (and Donovan) is an extended play (EP) by Australian rock band The Sports. The EP is five covers of Bob Dylan and Donovan tracks. It was released in November 1981 and peaked at number 70 on the Kent Music Report.

Kent Music Report
The Kent Music Report was a weekly record chart of Australian music singles and albums which was compiled by music historian David Kent from May 1974 through to January 1999. The chart was re-branded the Australian Music Report (AMR) in July 1987. From June 1988, the Australian Recording Industry Association, which had been using the top 50 portion of the report under licence since mid-1983, chose to produce their own listing as the ARIA Charts.

Before the Kent Report, Go-Set magazine published weekly Top 40 Singles from 1966, and albums chart from 1970 until the magazine's demise in August 1974.

David Kent later published Australian charts from 1940 to 1973 in a retrospective fashion, using state by state chart data obtained from various Australian radio stations.
Joseph A. Woodward
Joseph Addison Woodward (April 11, 1806 – August 3, 1885) was an American politician who served as a U.S. Representative from South Carolina.

He was son of William Woodward. Born in Winnsboro, South Carolina, Woodward received an academic training and was graduated from the University of South Carolina at Columbia. He was admitted to the bar and practiced law.

Woodward served as member of the State house of representatives from 1834 to 1835 from 1840 to 1841.

Woodward was elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and to the four succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1853).  He declined to be a candidate for reelection in 1852 to the Thirty-third Congress.

He relocated to Alabama and resumed his legal career after leaving Congress.

Woodward was a slave owner.

He died in Talladega, Alabama, on August 3, 1885.  He was interred in Oak Hill Cemetery.

Talladega, Alabama
Talladega (/ˌtæləˈdɪɡə/, also /ˌtæləˈdeɪɡə/) is a city in and the county seat of Talladega County, Alabama, United States. It was incorporated in 1835. At the 2020 census, the population was 15,861. Talladega is approximately 50 miles (80 km) east of one of the state's largest cities, Birmingham.

The city is home to the Alabama Institute for the Deaf and Blind, Talladega Municipal Airport, and Talladega College, a historically black college. The Talladega Superspeedway,  and the International Motorsports Hall of Fame are located nearby. The First National Bank of Talladega (now First Bank of Alabama) is the oldest bank in the State of Alabama, being founded in 1848.
Halla Bantu Halla
Halla Bantu Halla is a novel written by Shrinivas B. Vaidya. Vaidya won the 2008 Sahitya Akademi Award for this novel. The novel tells a story of a village in north Karnataka, gives insight of the social and political upheavals in the village in a span of a century from 1853 to 1947, as observed from an elder person of the village.

Sahitya Akademi Award
The Sahitya Akademi Award  is a literary  honour in India,  which the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, annually confers on writers of the most outstanding books of literary merit published in any of the 24 languages of the 8th Schedule to the Indian constitution as well as in English and Rajasthani language.

Established in 1954, the award comprises a plaque and a cash prize of ₹ 100,000. The award's purpose is to recognise and promote excellence in Indian writing and acknowledge new trends. The annual process of selecting awardees runs for the preceding 12 months. The plaque awarded by the Sahitya Akademi was designed by the Indian filmmaker Satyajit Ray. Prior to this, the plaque occasionally was made of marble, but this practice was discontinued because of its excessive weight. During the Indo-Pakistan War of 1965, the plaque was substituted with national savings bonds.
Warrington Colescott
Warrington Wickham Colescott Jr. (March 7, 1921 – September 10, 2018) was an American artist, he is best known for his satirical etchings. He was a master printmaker and operated Mantegna Press in Hollandale, Wisconsin, with his wife and fellow artist Frances Myers. Colescott died on 10 September 2018, at the age of 97.

Chazen Museum of Art
The Chazen Museum of Art is an art museum located on the campus of the University of Wisconsin–Madison in Madison, Wisconsin.

Founded as the Elvehjem Art Center (later Elvehjem Museum of Art) in 1970, the museum moved into a brutalist building designed by Illinois architect Harry Weese to house the university's collection of 1,600 artworks. The museum was named after then-president of UW-Madison, biochemist Conrad Elvehjem.

In 2005, the institution was renamed Chazen Museum of Art following an important gift by businessman Jerome A. Chazen and his wife Simona, both university alums. The gift provided part of the construction funds for an additional museum building. The structure was designed by the Boston-based architectural firm Machado-Silvetti and inaugurated in 2011.

With 176,000 sq. ft. of gross floor area and a collection of over 24,000 objects as of 2024, the Chazen Museum of Art is the second-largest art museum in Wisconsin, after the Milwaukee Art Museum.
Acetylenedicarboxylate decarboxylase
The enzyme acetylenedicarboxylate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.78) catalyzes the chemical reaction

acetylenedicarboxylate + H2O  pyruvate + CO2

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the carboxy-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetylenedicarboxylate carboxy-lyase (pyruvate-forming). Other names in common use include acetylenedicarboxylate hydratase, acetylenedicarboxylate hydrase, and acetylenedicarboxylate carboxy-lyase. This enzyme participates in pyruvate metabolism.

Lyase
In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking (an elimination reaction) of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis (a substitution reaction) and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structure. The reverse reaction is also possible (called a Michael reaction). For example, an enzyme that catalyzed this reaction would be a lyase:

ATP → cAMP + PPi

Lyases differ from other enzymes in that they require only one substrate for the reaction in one direction, but two substrates for the reverse reaction.
William Edward Atkinson
William Edward Atkinson, O.S.A. (January 4, 1946 – September 15, 2006) was an American Augustinian priest and educator. He was the first quadriplegic priest ordained in the Catholic Church.

Then-Philadelphia Archbishop Charles J. Chaput opened Atkinson's cause for canonization on April 24, 2017, designating him as a servant of God. On October 19, 2021, Archbishop Nelson J. Pérez closed the cause at the diocesan level and sent documentation to be presented to the Dicastery for the Causes of Saints at the Vatican.

Nelson J. Pérez
Nelson Jesus Pérez (born June 16, 1961) is an American Catholic prelate who has served as Archbishop of Philadelphia since 2020. He was previously Bishop of Cleveland from 2017 to 2020 and an auxiliary bishop of the Diocese of Rockville Centre from 2012 to 2017.