hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dongling Lake
Dongling Lake is a lake in the Qarhan Playa north of Golmud in the Haixi Prefecture of Qinghai Province in northwestern China. Like the other lakes of the surrounding Qaidam Basin, it is extremely saline.

Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (Chinese: 海西蒙古族藏族自治州; Mongolian: ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠧᠦ; Tibetan: མཚོ་ནུབ་སོག་རིགས་ཆ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ།), locally also known as Qaidam Prefecture (Mongolian: ᠴᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠮ; Tibetan: ཚྭ་འདམ།; Chinese: 柴达木), is an autonomous prefecture occupying much of the northern half of (as well as part of the southwest of) Qinghai Province, China. It has an area of 325,785 square kilometres (125,786 sq mi) and its seat is Delingha. The name of the prefecture literally means "west of (Qinghai) Lake."

Geladandong Mountain, the source of the Yangtze River, is located here.
Podkonice Duże
Podkonice Duże [pɔtkɔˈnit͡sɛ ˈduʐɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czerniewice, within Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north-east of Czerniewice, 27 km (17 mi) north-east of Tomaszów Mazowiecki, and 53 km (33 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Czerniewice
Czerniewice [t͡ʂɛrɲɛˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Czerniewice. It lies on the Krzemionka River, approximately 19 kilometres (12 mi) north-east of Tomaszów Mazowiecki and 50 km (31 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź. It was probably founded in the 14th century.

In 2004 the village had a population of 730.
Stamford Center for the Arts
The Palace Theatre in downtown Stamford, Connecticut, United States, comprises two facilities on Atlantic Street: the restored Palace Theatre, and the Rich Forum, both within four blocks of each other:

The Trisha Goddard Show
The Trisha Goddard Show (also stylized as Trisha) is an American syndicated tabloid talk show hosted by Trisha Goddard. It was a spin-off of Maury and was based on Goddard's British show. The show premiered on September 17, 2012. It also aired in the United Kingdom on Channel 5 between October 2012 and July 2014.

On January 25, 2013, Barry Wallach — president of NBCUniversal Television Distribution — announced that the series had been renewed for a second season.

On April 1, 2014, it was announced that The Trisha Goddard Show had been canceled.
Bridge No. 2305
Bridge No. 2305, also known locally as the Burton Brook Bridge, is a historic bridge carrying U.S. Route 44 (US 44; Main Street) over Burton Brook in the Lakeville village of Salisbury, Connecticut. Built in 1873, this masonry arch bridge is a rare surviving example in the state of a typical late-19th century road bridge. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

U.S. Route 44
U.S. Route 44 (US 44) is an east–west United States Numbered Highway that runs for 237 miles (381 km) through four states in the Northeastern United States. The western terminus is at US 209 and New York State Route 55 (NY 55) in Kerhonkson, New York, a hamlet in the Hudson Valley region. The eastern terminus is at Route 3A in Plymouth, Massachusetts.
Frederick Campbell, 3rd Earl Cawdor
Frederick Archibald Vaughan Campbell, 3rd Earl Cawdor, PC, JP, DL (13 February 1847 – 8 February 1911), styled Viscount Emlyn from 1860 to 1898, was a British Conservative politician. He served briefly as First Lord of the Admiralty between March and December 1905.

First Lord of the Admiralty
First Lord of the Admiralty, or formally the Office of the First Lord of the Admiralty, was the title of the political head of the English and later British Royal Navy. He was the government's senior adviser on all naval affairs, responsible for the direction and control of the Admiralty, and also of general administration of the Naval Service of the Kingdom of England, Great Britain in the 18th century, and then the United Kingdom, including the Royal Navy, the Royal Marines, and other services. It was one of the earliest known permanent government posts. Apart from being the political head of the Naval Service the post holder was simultaneously the pre-eminent member of the Board of Admiralty. The office of First Lord of the Admiralty existed from 1628 until it was abolished when the Admiralty, Air Ministry, Ministry of Defence and War Office were all merged to form the new Ministry of Defence in 1964. Its modern-day equivalent is the Secretary of State for Defence.
Greenbush, Michigan
Greenbush is an unincorporated community in Alcona County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The community is located within Greenbush Township along U.S. Highway 23 (US 23) on the shores of Lake Huron.

As an unincorporated community, Greenbush has no legally defined boundaries or population statistics of its own but does have its own post office using the 48738 ZIP Code.

Harrisville, Michigan
Harrisville is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan and the county seat of Alcona County. The population was 437 at the 2020 census, making Harrisville the sixth-smallest city by population in the state of Michigan. The city is surrounded by Harrisville Township but is administratively autonomous. Located on Lake Huron, it is an official Michigan Department of Natural Resources Harbor of Refuge.
Consiglio Universitario Nazionale
The Consiglio Universitario Nazionale (CUN; Italian for National University Council) is an elected body representing the various sectors of the Italian university system. It was established by law n. 18 of 26 January 2006. The current president is Paolo Vincenzo Pedone, Full Professor in Biochemistry at the University of Campania Vanvitelli.

The council is composed of a president and fifty-seven members. Forty-two are elected by the professors and researchers, eight by the National Council of University Students, three by the Conferenza dei Rettori delle Università Italiane (Conference of Rectors of the Italian Universities), three from the technical and administrative staff of the universities, one from among the deans of faculties and one from among the university administrative directors.

Conferenza dei Rettori delle Università Italiane
The Conferenza dei Rettori delle Università Italiane (CRUI; English: Conference of Italian University Rectors) is an association of public and private universities in Italy. It began in 1963 as a private organization, later becoming an official advisor to the government. The supporting Fondazione CRUI (foundation) formed in 2001. CRUI operates from headquarters at the Piazza Rondanini in the Sant'Eustachio rione of Rome.
Recogimiento
Recogimiento, or recollection prayer, was a school of Christian mystical prayer popular in the Spanish Golden Age. The practice involved private, mental prayer, working to consciously cultivate a habitual attention to God.

The practice of recogimiento first sprang up around the turn of the 16th century, was popularized in the 1520s, and flourished through the middle of the seventeenth century. It likely first originated in Franciscan monasteries, possibly La Salceda or San Pedro de Arlanza. The practice spread rapidly through Europe and the Americas, influencing figures including Ignatius of Loyola, Teresa of Avila, and John of the Cross.

Foundational texts of the movement included Bernardino de Laredo's Subida del Monte Sión and Francisco de Osuna's Third Alphabet.

John of the Cross
St. John of the Cross OCD (Spanish: Juan de la Cruz; Latin: Ioannes a Cruce; né Juan de Yepes y Álvarez; 24 June 1542 – 14 December 1591) was a Spanish Catholic priest, mystic, and Carmelite friar. He is a major figure of the Counter-Reformation in Spain, and he is one of the 38 Doctors of the Church.

John of the Cross is known for his writings. He was mentored by and corresponded with the older Carmelite nun Teresa of Ávila. Both his poetry and his studies on the development of the soul, particularly his Noche Obscura, are considered the summit of mystical Christian literature and among the greatest works of all Spanish literature. He was canonized by Pope Benedict XIII in 1726. In 1926, he was declared a Doctor of the Church by Pope Pius XI, and is also known as the "mystical doctor".
Jac Morgan
Jac Morgan (born 21 January 2000) is a Welsh rugby union player, who plays in the backrow for the Ospreys, Wales, and the British and Irish Lions. He was the captain of the Wales national rugby union team. He is a fluent Welsh speaker.

Welsh Rugby Union
The Welsh Rugby Union (WRU; Welsh: Undeb Rygbi Cymru) is the governing body of rugby union in the country of Wales, recognised by the sport's international governing body, World Rugby.

The WRU is responsible for the running of rugby in Wales, overseeing 320 member clubs, the Welsh national team and National Leagues and Cups. The WRU is headed by the President (Terry Cobner), chairman (Richard Collier-Keywood) and CEO (Abi Tierney).
Foreign exchange regulation
Foreign exchange regulation is a form of financial regulation specifically aimed at the Forex market that is decentralized and operates with no central exchange or clearing house. Due to its decentralized and global nature, the foreign exchange market has been more prone to foreign exchange fraud and has been less regulated than other financial markets.

However, some countries do regulate forex brokers through governmental and independent supervisory bodies, for example, the National Futures Association and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission in the US, the Australian Securities & Investments Commission in Australia, and the Financial Conduct Authority in the UK. These bodies act as watchdogs for their respective markets and provide financial licenses to organizations that comply with local regulations.

Forex broker
A forex broker (also known as a retail foreign exchange broker or currency trading broker) is a financial services firm that provides traders with access to a transaction platform for buying and selling foreign currencies. Individual participants often lack the capital to trade directly on the interbank market; forex brokers act as intermediaries between these retail traders and the Interbank foreign exchange market.
Übergossene Alm
The Übergossene Alm is the summit region of the Hochkönig (2,941 m) in the Berchtesgaden Alps. It contains the remains of a glacier that used to cover almost the entire summit plateau; in 1888 around 5.5 km2 of the plateau was covered by an ice sheet. Since then the glacial surface has melted until it now covers just 1.5 km2 and the glacier has split into three, small crevasse-free areas. The name of the glacier goes back to a local legend.

Berchtesgaden Alps
The Berchtesgaden Alps (German: Berchtesgadener Alpen, pronounced [bɛʁçtəsˈɡaːdənɐ ˈʔalpn̩]) are a mountain range of the Northern Limestone Alps, named after the market town of Berchtesgaden located in the centre. It is crossed by the Austria–Germany border: the central part belongs to the Berchtesgadener Land district of southeastern Bavaria, Germany, while the adjacent area in the north, east and south is part of the Austrian state of Salzburg (Salzburger Land).
Novia gens
The gens Novia was a minor plebeian family at ancient Rome.  Members of this gens first appear during the final century of the Republic, but the first of the Novii to obtain the consulship was Decimus Junius Novius Priscus in AD 78.

Praenomen
The praenomen (Classical Latin: [prae̯ˈnoːmɛn]; plural: praenomina) was a first name chosen by the parents of a Roman child. It was first bestowed on the dies lustricus (day of lustration), the eighth day after the birth of a girl, or the ninth day after the birth of a boy. The praenomen would then be formally conferred a second time when girls married, or when boys assumed the toga virilis upon reaching manhood. Although it was the oldest of the tria nomina commonly used in Roman naming conventions, by the late republic, most praenomina were so common that most people were called by their praenomina only by family or close friends. For this reason, although they continued to be used, praenomina gradually disappeared from public records during imperial times. Although both men and women received praenomina, women's praenomina were frequently ignored, and they were gradually abandoned by many Roman families, though they continued to be used in some families and in the countryside.
Hong Kong Arts Festival
The Hong Kong Arts Festival (HKAF), launched in 1973, is an international arts festival held in Hong Kong. It covers all genres of the performing arts as well as a diverse range of educational events in February and March each year.

Globe Theatre
The Globe Theatre was a theatre in London associated with William Shakespeare. It was built in 1599 at Southwark, close to the south bank of the Thames, by Shakespeare's playing company, the Lord Chamberlain's Men. It was destroyed by fire on 29 June 1613. A second Globe Theatre was built on the same site by June 1614 and stayed open until the  London theatre closures of 1642. As well as plays by Shakespeare, early works by Ben Jonson, Thomas Dekker and John Fletcher were first performed here.

A modern reconstruction of the Globe, named "Shakespeare's Globe", opened in 1997 approximately 750 feet (230 m) from the site of the original theatre.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Parmer County, Texas
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Parmer County, Texas.

This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Parmer County, Texas. There is one individual property listed on the National Register in the county.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 21, 2025.

Parmer County, Texas
Parmer County is a county located in the southwestern Texas Panhandle on the High Plains of the Llano Estacado in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 9,869. The county seat is Farwell. The county was created in 1876 and later organized in 1907. It is named in honor of Martin Parmer, a signer of the Texas Declaration of Independence and early judge. Parmer County was one of 10 prohibition, or entirely dry, counties in the state of Texas, but is now a wet county.
Tazehabad, Sahneh
Tazehabad (Persian: تازه اباد, also Romanized as Tāzehābād) is a village in Kanduleh Rural District, Dinavar District, Sahneh County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 109, in 28 families.

Dinavar District
Dinavar District (Persian: بخش دینور) is in Sahneh County, Kermanshah province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Miyan Rahan. The district's name reflects the ancient city of Dinavar, the ruins of which are in the district.
1460s in poetry
[O]u sont les neiges d'antan
("Where are the snows of yesteryear?")

— François Villon, the "Ballade des Dams du Temps Jadis" in Le Grand Testament, 1461

Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).

Italian poetry
Italian poetry is a category of Italian literature. Italian poetry has its origins in the thirteenth century and has heavily influenced the poetic traditions of many European languages, including that of English.
2018 Sparkassen ATP Challenger
The 2018 Sparkassen ATP Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts in Ortisei, Italy between 8 and 14 October 2018. It was the ninth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2018 ATP Challenger Tour.

2018 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2018, was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2018 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 159 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $50,000 up to $150,000. It was the 41st edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 10th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Lakes on Mars
In summer 1965, the first close-up images from Mars showed a cratered desert with no signs of water. However, over the decades, as more parts of the planet were imaged with better cameras on more sophisticated satellites, Mars showed evidence of past river valleys, lakes and present ice in glaciers and in the ground. It was discovered that the climate of Mars displays huge changes over geologic time because its axis is not stabilized by a large moon, as Earth's is. Also, some researchers maintain that surface liquid water could have existed for periods of time due to geothermal effects, chemical composition, or asteroid impacts.  This article describes some of the places that could have held large lakes.

Arabia Terra
Arabia Terra is a large upland region in the north of Mars that lies mostly in the Arabia quadrangle, but a small part is in the Mare Acidalium quadrangle. It is densely cratered and heavily eroded. This battered topography indicates great age, and Arabia Terra is presumed to be one of the oldest terrains on the planet. It covers as much as 4,500 km (2,800 mi) at its longest extent, centered roughly at 21°N 6°E﻿ / ﻿21°N 6°E﻿ / 21; 6 with its eastern and southern regions rising 4 km (13,000 ft) above the north-west. Alongside its many craters, canyons wind through the Arabia Terra, many emptying into the large northern lowlands of the planet, which borders Arabia Terra to the north.
Ishan Abeysekara
Ishan Abeysekara (born 11 August 1993) is a Sri Lankan cricketer. He made his List A debut for Matale District in the 2016–17 Districts One Day Tournament on 18 March 2017. He made his Twenty20 debut for Sri Lanka Navy Sports Club in the 2017–18 SLC Twenty20 Tournament on 24 February 2018.

Sri Lanka Navy Sports Club (cricket)
Sri Lanka Navy Sports Club is a first-class cricket team in Sri Lanka. They played their debut first-class match against Nondescripts Cricket Club in January 2001.

The team is under the patronage of the Sri Lanka Navy.
Qassam rocket
The Qassam rocket (Arabic: صاروخ القسام Ṣārūkh al-Qassām; also Kassam) is a simple, steel artillery rocket developed and deployed by the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, the military arm of Hamas.

Since the rocket was first manufactured in 2001 by Tito Masoud and Nidal Farhat, three models of the Qassam rocket have been produced and used. More generally, all types of Palestinian rockets fired into southern Israel, for example the Palestinian Islamic Jihad Al Quds rockets, are called Qassams by the Israeli media, and often by foreign media.

Leading international human rights organizations have called Palestinian armed groups' use of Qassam rockets against civilians and civilian targets a war crime and a violation of international law.

Many of the rocket's components are made of common materials such as sugar, fertilizer, firearms cartridges, springs, nails, and steel cylinders.

Rocket artillery
Rocket artillery is artillery that uses rockets as the projectile. The use of rocket artillery dates back to medieval China where devices such as fire arrows were used (albeit mostly as a psychological weapon). Fire arrows were also used in multiple launch systems and transported via carts. In the late nineteenth century, due to improvements in the power and range of conventional artillery, the use of early military rockets declined; they were finally used on a small scale by both sides during the American Civil War. Modern rocket artillery was first employed during World War II, in the form of the German Nebelwerfer family of rocket ordnance designs, Soviet Katyusha-series and numerous other systems employed on a smaller scale by the Western allies and Japan. In modern use, the rockets are often guided by an internal guiding system or GPS in order to maintain accuracy.
Hassan II of Alamut
Ḥasan ʿAlā Zikrihi's-Salām (Persianحسن على ذكره السلام) or Hassan II was the hereditary Imam of the Nizari Isma'ilis of the Alamut Period from 1162 until 1166. From his capital of Alamut he ruled parts of Persia and Syria. His chief subordinate in Syria was Rashid ad-Din Sinan, the Old Man of the Mountain.

Ata-Malik Juvayni
Ata-Malik Juvayni (Persian: عطاملک جوینی, romanized: Ata-Malik Juvayni; 1226 – 5 March 1283) was a bureaucrat and historian from the Juvayni family who served under the Mongol Empire. He is known for composing the Tarikh-i Jahangushay ("History of the World Conqueror"), an important account on the history of Central Asia and the 13th-century Mongol invasion of Muslim world.
Gmina Bliżyn
Gmina Bliżyn is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Skarżysko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bliżyn, which lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) west of Skarżysko-Kamienna and 27 km (17 mi) north of the regional capital Kielce.

The gmina covers an area of 141.08 square kilometres (54.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 8,617.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Suchedniów-Oblęgorek Landscape Park.

Skarżysko County
Skarżysko County (Polish: powiat skarżyski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Skarżysko-Kamienna, which lies 34 kilometres (21 mi) north-east of the regional capital Kielce. The only other town in the county is Suchedniów, lying 10 km (6 mi) south-west of Skarżysko-Kamienna.

The county covers an area of 395.30 square kilometres (152.6 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 74,343, out of which the population of Skarżysko-Kamienna is 45,068, that of Suchedniów is 8,347, and the rural population is 20,928.
Somali bunting
The Somali bunting or Somali golden-breasted bunting (Emberiza poliopleura) is a species of bird in the family Emberizidae.

It is found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda. Its natural habitats are dry savannah and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, typically observed in pairs..

Emberiza
The buntings are a group of Old World passerine birds forming the genus Emberiza, the only genus in the family Emberizidae. The family contains 44 species. They are seed-eating birds with stubby, conical bills.
Philotes
In Greek mythology, Philotes (/ˈfɪlətiːz/; Ancient Greek: Φιλότης) was a minor goddess or spirit (daimones) personifying affection, friendship, and sexual intercourse.

This minor goddess also gave her name to a genus of butterflies native to North America, which contains a single species, Philotes sonorensis.

Affection
Affection or fondness is a "disposition or state of mind or body" commonly linked to a feeling or type of love. It has led to multiple branches in philosophy and psychology that discuss emotion, disease, influence, and state of being. Often, "affection" denotes more than mere goodwill or friendship. Writers on ethics generally use the word to refer to distinct states of feeling, both lasting and temporary. Some contrast it with passion as being free from the distinctively sensual element.

Affection can elicit diverse emotional reactions such as embarrassment, disgust, pleasure, and annoyance. The emotional and physical effect of affection also varies between the giver and the receiver.