hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Avian bornavirus
Avian bornaviruses are a group of RNA viruses that may cause disease, particularly proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), in infected birds that develop autoimmunity and inflammation of neural ganglia. A number of species have been sequenced from infected parrots, passerines, waterfowl, and shorebirds. The viruses fall under the genus Orthobornavirus in the family Bornaviridae, which also contains non-avian bornaviruses.

Ganglion
A ganglion (pl.: ganglia) is a group of neuron cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system. In the somatic nervous system, this includes dorsal root ganglia and trigeminal ganglia among a few others. In the autonomic nervous system, there are both sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia which contain the cell bodies of postganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons respectively.

A pseudoganglion looks like a ganglion, but only has nerve fibers and has few nerve cell bodies.
M. H. M. Naina Marikar
Al-Haj Mohamed Haniffa Mohamed Naina Marikkar (born 9 May 1917) was a Sri Lankan lawyer and politician. He served as the Minister of Finance (1988–1989) and Deputy Minister of Finance (1978–1988) in the Jayewardene cabinet.

He qualified as an Advocate, he worked as a Crown Counsel in the Attorney-General's Department. He was first elected to the Parliament of Sri Lanka as member for Puttalam, representing the United National Party in the March 1960 parliamentary election, he was re-elected in the July 1960 parliamentary election, 1965 parliamentary election and was appointed Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Justice. He lost his seat in the 1970 parliamentary election and was re-elected in the 1977 parliamentary election.

Jayewardene cabinet
The Jayewardene cabinet was the central government of Sri Lanka led by Prime Minister (later President) J. R. Jayewardene between 1977 and 1989. It was formed in July 1977 after the parliamentary election and it ended in January 1989 when Jayewardene's second limited term ended. The Jayewardene cabinet saw Sri Lanka move from being a parliamentary republic to the current executive presidency in February 1978.
Jan Kinder
Jan Runar Kinder (26 May 1944 – 25 May 2013) was a Norwegian ice hockey player. He was born in Oslo, Norway and represented the club Hasle/Løren IL. He played for the Norwegian national ice hockey team, and  participated at the Winter Olympics in Sapporo in 1972, where the Norwegian team placed 8th.

Norway men's national ice hockey team
The Norway men's national ice hockey team is the national ice hockey team from Norway that participates at the IIHF World Championships. The team is governed by the Norwegian Ice Hockey Association and is coached by Petter Thoresen.
Grove Hinman Loomis
Grove Hinman Loomis or G.H. Loomis (1823–1898) was a photographer in Boston, Massachusetts, in the mid-19th century. He also worked as a real estate broker, teacher and government employee. He died in Newton, Massachusetts in 1898.

Newton, Massachusetts
Newton is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is located roughly 8 miles (13 km) west of Downtown Boston, and comprises a patchwork of thirteen villages. The city borders Boston to the northeast and southeast (via the neighborhoods of Brighton and West Roxbury), Brookline to the east, Watertown and Waltham to the north, and Weston, Wellesley, and Needham to the west. At the 2020 U.S. census, the population of Newton was 88,923.

Newton is home to the Charles River, Crystal Lake, and Heartbreak Hill, among other landmarks. It is served by several streets and highways (including Route 9, Hammond Pond Parkway, and the Mass Pike), as well as the Green Line D branch run by the MBTA.

Historically, the area that is now Newton was settled in 1639, and was originally first part of Cambridge (then called "the newe towne"). It split from Cambridge in 1681, and became known by its present name of Newton in 1766. It then became a city in 1874.
Gütersloh Hauptbahnhof
Gütersloh Hauptbahnhof is the main railway station in Gütersloh in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is on the electrified, four-track main line from the Ruhr to Hanover, opened in 1847 as part of the trunk line of the former Cologne-Minden Railway Company. Services of the Warendorf Railway also run from Münster via Rheda-Wiedenbrück and the Hamm–Minden line to Gütersloh.

Gütersloh Hauptbahnhof (Hbf) is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 4 station. In the station building there is a tourist bureau, where tickets can be purchased. There is also has a restaurant/bistro, a bakery, a mini-supermarket and a station bookshop.

Warendorf Railway
The Warendorf Railway (German: Warendorfer Bahn) is a single-track branch line from Münster via Warendorf to Rheda-Wiedenbrück in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is now served by a train that continues from Rheda-Wiedenbrück to Bielefeld. The line is a section of the former Münster–Rheda–Lippstadt railway and is now operated as part of Deutsche Bahn’s Münster-Ostwestfalen regional network, based in Münster. According to Deutsche Bahn it was the most accident-prone railway line in Germany before 2013.
Dognecea mine
The Dognecea mine is a large open pit mine in the western of Romania in Caraș-Severin County, 23 km west of Reșița and 509 km north-west of the capital, Bucharest. Dognecea represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Romania having estimated reserves of 9 million tonnes of ore. The mine produces around 10,000 tonnes of iron ore/year.

Caraș-Severin County
Caraș-Severin (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈkaraʃ seveˈrin] ⓘ) is a county (județ) of Romania on the border with Serbia. The majority of its territory lies within the historical region of Banat, with a few northeastern villages considered part of Transylvania. The county seat is Reșița. The Caraș-Severin county is part of the Danube–Criș–Mureș–Tisa Euroregion.
William W. Twist
William W. Twist (182?-1861) was possibly a Canadian native, a volunteer soldier in the Mexican American War in California, Sheriff of Santa Barbara County and captain of California Militia in Los Angeles. He was killed in action as a captain of artillery in the Mexican Army.

Mexican Army
The Mexican Army (Spanish: Ejército Mexicano), also known as the National Defense Army, is the combined land and air branch of the Mexican Armed Forces. It includes the Mexican Air Force, the Special Forces Body, and the National Guard.

With an active-duty force of 261,773 servicemembers (as of 2024), the Army is the largest component of the Mexican Armed Forces and among the largest armies in the world. It is under the authority of the Secretariat of National Defense (Spanish: Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, SEDENA) and is headed by the Secretary of National Defence, who is directly answerable to the President.

The Mexican Army was the first to adopt (1908) and use (1910) a self-loading rifle, the Mondragón rifle.
Pleasant Unity, Pennsylvania
Pleasant Unity is an unincorporated community in a rural section of Unity Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located at the junction of state routes 130 and 981, 6.3 miles (10.1 km) southeast of Greensburg.

Pleasant Unity has a post office, with ZIP code 15676, which opened on November 2, 1825. The area covered by this zip code has a population of 437.

The Jamison Coal and Coke Company operated an underground bituminous coal mine near Pleasant Unity during the period from 1918 through the early 1960s. Known as Jamison No. 20, the mining complex was off Route 981, three miles north of the town. The company store was located on Route 981 at Phillips Street. The mine was served by the Unity Branch of the Pennsylvania Railroad. By 1940, it employed approximately 300 miners.

Pennsylvania Route 981
Pennsylvania Route 981 (PA 981) is a state highway which runs 50.4 miles (81.1 km) across Westmoreland County, in southwestern Pennsylvania, United States. The highway begins at PA 51 in Rostraver Township, Pennsylvania, and runs northward across Westmoreland County, passing through the towns of Mount Pleasant, Latrobe, and New Alexandria before ending at PA 819 in Salina.
Pillsbury Lake
Pillsbury Lake is located northwest of Sled Harbor, New York. Fish species present in the lake are brook trout, black bullhead, and white sucker. There is carry down access on the south shore. No motors are allowed on this lake.

Lake Pleasant, New York
Lake Pleasant is a town in Hamilton County, New York, United States. The population was 897 at the 2020 census. It contains the hamlet of Lake Pleasant, the county seat of Hamilton County.

The town of Lake Pleasant is within the Adirondack Park and is centrally located in the county. The town is a tourist hub, with seasonal homes comprising about three-quarters of the housing units in the area. Between Memorial Day and Labor Day, the unofficial summer season, the small town is a busy community, with many activities including a parade, fireworks, summer musical, camping, hiking, water activities, historical activities, art show, geocaching, and mountain biking.
Better Start Talking
"Better Start Talking" is a song by American singer Donell Jones. It was written by Jones along with Ryan Leslie and Sean Garrett for his fourth studio album Journey of a Gemini (2006), while production was helmed by Leslie and Garrett. The song served as the first single from the album and reached number 72 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.

Journey of a Gemini
Journey of a Gemini is the fourth studio album by American singer Donell Jones. It was released by LaFace Records and Jive Records on June 20, 2006 in the United States. Pushed back numerous times due to record label complications of the Sony–BMG merger, the album was released to critical acclaim and became Jones' highest charting album on the Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart where it topped at number one, while entering the top 20 on the Billboard 200 chart. The album was originally scheduled to be released December 20, 2005 under the title Where I Wanna Be: The Last Chapter, the sequel to his studio album Where I Wanna Be (1999), but was finally released in the summer of the following year.
Out of the Ordinary Festival
The Out of the Ordinary Festival was an annual family- and eco-friendly music festival near Hailsham in the Sussex countryside. From 2007 to 2013 it celebrated the autumn equinox in England with a variety of live music, talks and workshops, performances, activities for children with green and ethical businesses, many powered by solar panels and wind generators. It started as a development of The Antiquarian Society in Brighton. The festival took place for three days in the autumn and had a capacity of 5,000 people. The festival was held at Knockhatch Park, a setting which comprises an ex-landfill site).

September equinox
The September equinox (or southward equinox) is the moment when the Sun appears to cross the celestial equator, heading southward. Because of differences between the calendar year and the tropical year, the September equinox may occur from September 21 to 24.

At the equinox, the Sun as viewed from the equator rises due east and sets due west. Before the Southward equinox, the Sun rises and sets more northerly, and afterwards, it rises and sets more southerly.

The equinox may be taken to mark the end of astronomical summer and the beginning of astronomical autumn (autumnal equinox) in the Northern Hemisphere, while marking the end of astronomical winter and the start of astronomical spring (vernal equinox) in the Southern Hemisphere.
Phillip Gardiner
Phillip Gardiner (born 1952) is an Australian former representative lightweight rower. He was an eight-time Australian national champion and won two bronze medals at World Rowing Championships. He made ten appearances for Australia at World Rowing Championships over the seventeen-year period from 1977 to 1994.

1978 World Rowing Championships
The 1978 World Rowing Championships were World Rowing Championships that were held from 30 October to 5 November at Lake Karapiro near Cambridge, New Zealand. Twenty-eight countries were represented at the regatta. In the history of the World Rowing Championships, 1978 was the only year when the lightweight rowing championships were not held in conjunction with the open men and women event; the lightweight events had already been held in Copenhagen, Denmark, in August.
19th Reserve Division (German Empire)
The 19th Reserve Division (19. Reserve-Division) was a unit of the Imperial German Army in World War I.  The division was formed on mobilization of the German Army in August 1914 as part of X Reserve Corps.  The division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I.  The division was raised in the Prussian Province of Hanover, the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg, and the Duchy of Brunswick.

Duchy of Brunswick
The Duchy of Brunswick (German: Herzogtum Braunschweig) was a historical German state that ceased to exist in 1918. Its capital was the city of Brunswick (Braunschweig). It was established as the successor state of the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel by the Congress of Vienna in 1815. In the course of the 19th-century history of Germany, the duchy was part of the German Confederation, the North German Confederation and from 1871 the German Empire. It was disestablished after the end of World War I, its territory incorporated into the Weimar Republic as the Free State of Brunswick.
2008–09 All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship
The 2008–09 All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship was the 39th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1970–71. The competition began on 19 October 2008 and concluded on 17 March 2009.

The defending champion was St Vincent's; however, the club lost to Kilmacud Crokes in the 2008 Dublin SFC semi-final replay. No representative clubs from Waterford or Wexford participated because of delays in the SFCs of those counties being completed.

Kilmacud Crokes defeated Crossmaglen Rangers by 1–9 to 0–7 in the final at Croke Park on 17 March 2009 to win the competition. It was the club's second title, and a first since 1995.

Mark Vaughan of Kilmacud was the competition's top scorer, finishing with 2–32.

St Vincents GAA
St Vincents is a Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) club based in Marino, on the northside of Dublin, Ireland. The club was founded in 1931. Although the club's grounds were in Raheny for a number of years, it moved to its home back into Marino in 1987. St Vincents merged with Marino Camogie Club in 1997 to form the St. Vincents Hurling, Football and Camogie Club. St Vincents have won the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship on three occasions, most recently in 2014. They are the most successful side in the Dublin Senior Football championship having won the title 29 times. The club has also won 17 Dublin Senior 1 camogie titles (6 as Marino).
Largs Academy
Largs Academy is a Scottish secondary school, opened in August 1970, serving the towns of Largs, Fairlie, Skelmorlie and the island of Cumbrae, as well as taking placement requests from across Scotland, from places such as West Kilbride, Beith and Renfrewshire. As of March 2017, Largs Academy was in the top 30 schools for Higher Results in Scotland, sitting at number 27.

Great Cumbrae
Great Cumbrae (Scottish Gaelic: Cumaradh Mòr) is the larger of the two islands known as The Cumbraes in the lower Firth of Clyde in western Scotland. The island is sometimes called Millport, after its main town.

Home to the Cathedral of The Isles and the FSC Millport field study centre, the island has a resident population of circa 1,300 residents.
Ahmed Ali Ahmed
Ahmed Ali Ahmed is a former leader of al-Qaeda in Iraq. It was reported on May 18, 2008, he was sentenced to death by an Iraqi court for killing Archbishop Paulos Faraj Rahho, an Assyrian Christian archbishop in the Chaldean Catholic Church. 
Rahho was kidnapped in February 2008 and held for several demands, including that Assyrian Christians pay jizya and attack U.S. forces militarily. 
Ahmed was sentenced to death at Iraqi Central Criminal Court on May 18, 2008.

Ahmed is also known as Abu Omar.

Central Criminal Court of Iraq
The Central Criminal Court of Iraq, or CCCI, is a criminal court of Iraq. The CCCI is based on an inquisitorial system and consists of two chambers: an investigative court and a criminal court. The court was created by the Coalition Provisional Authority in 2003 to handle cases involving serious crimes such as governmental corruption, terrorism and organized crime that were previously handled by governorate level judges in the ordinary criminal courts. Candidates for the judiciary had to be an Iraqi national of high moral character and reputation, a non-member of the Ba'ath Party, demonstrate a "high level of legal competence", and sign an oath of office.
Male captus bene detentus
Male captus, bene detentus (wrongly captured, properly detained) is a legal doctrine, according to which the fact that a person may have been wrongly or unfairly arrested, will not prejudice a rightful detention or trial under due process.

There is state practice in support of the doctrine, as well as contrary state practice. In one of its cases the U.S. Supreme Court held that where a person from another country is apprehended by irregular means, the right to set up as defense the unlawful manner by which he was brought to a court belongs "to the Government from whose territory he was wrongfully taken".

Court
A court is an institution, often a government entity, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties  and administer justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law.

Courts generally consist of judges or other judicial officers, and are usually established and dissolved through legislation enacted by a legislature. Courts may also be established by constitution or an equivalent constituting instrument.

The practical authority given to the court is known as its jurisdiction, which describes the court's power to decide certain kinds of questions, or petitions put to it. There are various kinds of courts, including trial courts, appellate courts, administrative courts, international courts, and tribunals.
2017 Gent–Wevelgem
The 2017 Gent–Wevelgem – In Flanders Fields was a road cycling one-day race that took place on 26 March. It was the 79th edition of Gent–Wevelgem and the twelfth event of the 2017 UCI World Tour.

After winning E3 Harelbeke two days prior to Gent–Wevelgem, Greg Van Avermaet continued his run of good form with victory for the BMC Racing Team in a two-up sprint finish against his fellow Belgian Jens Keukeleire, riding for the Orica–Scott team. The pairing had broken away from a select group of riders in the run-in towards Wevelgem. The podium was completed by world champion Peter Sagan (Bora–Hansgrohe), as the peloton caught the select group in the closing metres.

Peter Sagan
Peter Sagan (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈpeter ˈsaɡan]; born 26 January 1990) is a Slovak former professional cyclist who competed in road bicycle racing and mountain bicycle racing. Sagan had a successful junior cyclo-cross and mountain bike racing career, winning the junior cross-country race at the 2008 UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships, before moving to road racing. He ended his cycling career in 2024.

Sagan is considered a generational talent, having earned many prestigious victories out of a total of 121 professional wins. His most notable achievements were an unprecedented three consecutive men's road race World Championships from 2015-2017 inclusive, and his record seven points classifications in the Tour de France. He also won two of cycling's monuments, the Tour of Flanders (2016) and Paris–Roubaix (2018), and was awarded the prestigious Vélo d'Or in 2016, the season when he also topped the UCI World Ranking.
Mark Hochstrasser
Mark Hochstrasser is an American biologist, currently the Eugene Higgins Professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry and Professor of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology at Yale University. Hochstrasser's research group has made many important contributions to our understanding of eukaryotic cell biology, particularly discoveries on the ubiquitin-proteasome system and the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) protein. He was elected a Member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2025.

Hochstrasser is an Elected Fellow of both the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and is on the editorial board of the journals Cell, Genes and Development, and EMBO Journal.

Genes & Development
Genes & Development is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering molecular biology, molecular genetics, cell biology, and development. It was established in 1987 and is published twice monthly by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press in association with The Genetics Society.

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2012 impact factor of 12.44, ranking it 14th out of 181 journals in the category "Cell Biology", third out of 40 journals in the category "Developmental Biology", and 7th out of 158 journals in the category "Genetics & Heredity". Over 1999–2004, the journal was ranked fifth in the "Molecular Biology and Genetics" category according to ScienceWatch, with an average of 47 citations per paper. All issues are available online via the journal website as PDFs, with a text version additionally available from August 1997. Content over 6 months old is freely available.

Since 1989, the editor-in-chief has been Terri Grodzicker (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory).
Kurt Helmudt
Kurt Helmudt (7 December 1943 – 7 September 2018) was a Danish rower. Together with Bjørn Hasløv, Erik Petersen and John Hansen he won a gold medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics and a silver medal at the 1964 European Championships in the coxless fours event. He also won a bronze medal at the 1970 World Rowing Championships with another team.

1970 World Rowing Championships
The 1970 World Rowing Championships was the 3rd World Rowing Championships. It was held in 1970 at the Royal Canadian Henley Rowing Course in St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada. The competition involved seven events. Prior to the 4th World Rowing Championships in 1974, only men competed.
Kyeburn
Kyeburn is a small settlement in Otago, in the South Island of New Zealand. It lies on the Maniototo, a wide, high plain stretching from the end of the Strath-Taieri valley.

Kyeburn stands at the junction of State Highways 85 ("The Pigroot") and 87, some 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) east of Ranfurly, on the Kyeburn Stream, a minor tributary of the Taieri River. The stream's name, from which the settlement gets its name, is one of those within "Thomson's Barnyard", an area dotted with northern English farmyard animal names, all given by early Otago surveyor John Turnbull Thomson. The area was, in its early years of settlement, called Cows Creek. ("kye" is a Northumbrian term for cows).

The area around Kyeburn was a busy mining location during the latter part of the Otago gold rush, with the mining settlement of Kyeburn Diggings (sometimes called Upper Kyeburn) located some 10 kilometres to the north of Kyeburn itself.

Otago gold rush
The Otago gold rush (often called the Central Otago gold rush) was a gold rush that occurred during the 1860s in Central Otago, New Zealand. This was the country's biggest gold strike, and led to a rapid influx of foreign miners to the area – many of them veterans of other hunts for the precious metal in California and Victoria, Australia. The number of miners reached its maximum of 18,000 in February 1864.

The rush started at Gabriel's Gully but spread throughout much of Central Otago, leading to the rapid expansion and commercialisation of the new colonial settlement of Dunedin, which quickly grew to be New Zealand's largest city. Only a few years later, most of the smaller new settlements were deserted, and gold extraction became more long-term, industrialised-mechanical process.