hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Emamzadeh Panje Shah
The Emamzadeh Panje Shah is an imamzadeh in Kashan, Iran. The imamzadeh has been a sacred place since the early islamic centuries. It was also in the past one of the safest sanctuary places and if a criminal had taken sanctuary in the imamzadeh, nobody dared to take him out by force. The Emamzadeh Panje Shah belongs to the Seljuq era, but its internal decorations belong mostly to the Qajar era. this structure is apparently the buried place of one of the Musa al-Kadhim's son. It has a conical dome, a yard, an iwan, several porticoes and a big wooden sepulcher.

There is a minaret beside the northern portal of the yard. The entrance of the tomb has an marbly inscription. On the inscription, it has been written an ode for praising the buried Imamzadeh. There are also other old graves in the structure. Two of them are on the both sides of the portico. It is said that one of the graves belongs to the Malik al-Ashtar's daughter, Safieh Khatun.

Seljuk dynasty
The Seljuk dynasty, or Seljukids (/ˈsɛldʒʊk/ SEL-juuk; Turkish: Selçuklular, Persian: سلجوقیان Saljuqian,) alternatively spelled as Saljuqids or Seljuk Turks, was an Oghuz Turkic, Sunni Muslim dynasty that culturally became Persianate and contributed to Turco-Persian culture.

The founder of the Seljuk dynasty, Seljuk Beg, was a descendant of a royal Khazar chief Tuqaq who served as advisor to the King of the Khazars, in West Asia and Central Asia. The Seljuks established the Seljuk Empire (1037–1194), the Sultanate of Kermân (1041–1186) and the Sultanate of Rum (1074–1308), which stretched from Iran to Anatolia and were the prime targets of the First Crusade.
Pergamus (Crete)
Pergamus or Pergamos (Ancient Greek: Πέργαμος), or Pergamia or Pergamea, was a town of ancient Crete, to which a mythical origin was ascribed. According to Virgil, it was founded by Aeneas (see Pergamea), according to Velleius Paterculus by Agamemnon, and according to Servius by the Trojan prisoners belonging to the fleet of Agamemnon. Lycurgus, the Spartan legislator, was said to have died at this place, and his tomb was shown there in the time of Aristoxenus. It is said by Servius to have been near Cydonia, and is mentioned by Pliny the Elder in connection with Cydonia. The Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax says that the Dictynnaeum stood in the territory of Pergamus.

The site of Pergamus is tentatively located near modern Ag. Eirini, Grimbiliana.

Velleius Paterculus
Marcus Velleius Paterculus (/vɛˈliːəs, -ˈleɪəs/; c. 19 BC – c. AD 31) was a Roman historian, soldier and senator. His Roman history, written in a highly rhetorical style, covered the period from the end of the Trojan War to AD 30, but is most useful for the period from the death of Caesar in 44 BC to the death of Augustus in AD 14.
Kabha
Kabha (Arabic: كبها) is an Arabic surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Marwan Kabha (born 1991), Israeli footballer

Mustafa Kabha (born 1962), Palestinian historian, philologist, and professor

Wasfi Kabha (1959–2021), Palestinian politician

Mustafa Kabha
Mustafa Kabha (Arabic: مصطفى داود كبها, born in 1962) is a Palestinian historian, philologist, and professor of modern Middle Eastern history. He is widely recognized for his work on the history of Palestinian society, Arabic journalism in Palestine, and oral history as a source of historical knowledge. Kabha is considered one of the leading scholars of Palestinian historiography and memory studies.

Kabha is the President of Academy of the Arabic Language in Israel.
Emilio Lussu
Emilio Lussu (4 December 1890 – 5 March 1975) was a Sardinian and Italian writer, anti-fascist intellectual, military officer, partisan, and politician. He is also the author of the novel One Year on the High Plateau. Lussu was elected multiple times to Parliament, serving as a member of the Constituent Assembly of Italy for the constituency of Cagliari and twice as a minister. He founded the Sardinian Action Party and co-founded the Justice and Freedom movement. As an anti-fascist, he was assaulted, wounded, and sent to confinement to Lipari in the Aeolian Islands by the Italian fascist regime as a direct decision of Benito Mussolini. After escaping, with Carlo Rosselli and Fausto Nitti, he spent about fourteen years as a refugee abroad. He served as an officer in World War I, where he received multiple decorations, and participated in the Spanish Civil War as a political leader and in the Italian Resistance.

Melette
Melette is a mountain massif in the Veneto region in Northern Italy. Located in the central-eastern part of the Sette Comuni plateau, its highest peak is 1,824 metres.

The main summits of the massif are:

Monte Fior 1824 m

Monte Spil 1808 m

Monte Miela 1782 m

Monte Castelgomberto 1771 m

Monte Meletta Davanti 1704 m

Monte Meletta di Gallio 1676 m

Monte Tondarecar 1673 m
Christopher Aoun
Christopher Aoun (born 15 December 1989) is a Lebanese-German cinematographer, best known for his work in CAPERNAUM, a Cannes Grand Prix du Jury winner and Oscar nominee film, The Man Who Sold His Skin, and Copilot. Aoun is also a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Science.

The Man Who Sold His Skin
The Man Who Sold His Skin (Arabic: الرجل الذي باع ظهره, romanized: ar-rajul allaḏī bāʿa ẓahrahu, lit. 'The Man Who Sold His Back') is a 2020 internationally co-produced drama film directed by Kaouther Ben Hania. Its plot was inspired by Belgian contemporary artist Wim Delvoye's living work Tim (2006), which was in turn inspired by Roald Dahl's 1952 short story "Skin". It was selected as the Tunisian entry for the Best International Feature Film at the 93rd Academy Awards, making the shortlist of fifteen films. In March 2021, it was nominated for the Best International Feature Film.

It premiered in the Horizons section at the 77th Venice International Film Festival, where Yahya Mahayni won the Best Actor Award.
Stefania neblinae
Stefania neblinae is a species of frogs of the family Hemiphractidae. It is known from the slopes of Pico da Neblina, in the Pico da Neblina National Park, on the border of Brazil and Venezuela. It represents the first record of the genus Stefania from Brazil. It is currently known only from Brazil but its range could extend into adjacent Venezuela.

Pico da Neblina
Pico da Neblina (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpiku dɐ neˈblĩnɐ], Mist Peak) is the tallest peak in Brazil, 2,995.3 metres (9,827 ft) above sea level, in the Serra da Neblina, part of the Serra do Imeri, a section of the Guiana Highlands on the Brazil-Venezuela border. As determined by a border survey expedition in 1962, its summit lies just within Brazilian territory, at a horizontal distance of only 687 m (2,254 ft) from the Venezuelan border at Pico 31 de Março.

As the peak's name suggests, it is shrouded in dense clouds most of the time. It was first ascended in 1965 by members of a Brazilian Army expedition.
Dong Tao chicken
Dong Tao chicken (Vietnamese: gà Đông Tảo), also called Dragon Chicken, is a rare Vietnamese chicken breed with enlarged feet, that originates from the village Đông Tảo in Khoái Châu District near Hanoi.

Dong Tao chickens are valued as a delicacy in Vietnam, and they were once bred exclusively to be served to the royal family and mandarins. They are difficult to breed as their large legs make hatching difficult and they are also sensitive to changes in temperature. Hens often break the eggs with their bulky legs, so eggs are usually kept in an incubator. It takes eight months to one year until the chickens are ready for slaughtering at three to five kilograms of weight, although the males can reach six kilograms. Its meat may be priced at 350,000-400,000 VND per kilogram.

Incubator (egg)
An incubator is a device simulating avian incubation by keeping eggs warm at a particular temperature range and in the correct humidity with a turning mechanism to hatch them.

The common names of the incubator in other terms include breeding / hatching machines or hatchers, setters, and egg breeding / equipment.

There are several important factors to consider when using an incubator, the most critical being its ability to maintain steady and consistent temperature throughout the entire incubation period. Before use, the incubator should be checked thoroughly, carefully prepared and operated according to the instructions from the manufacturer.
Marissa Gibson
Marissa Gibson (born c. 1995) is an Australian actress. She played the central role of Delilah in the 2009 film Samson and Delilah. The film won the Caméra d'Or award at the 2009 Cannes Film Festival and Best Film at the 2009 AFI Awards.

Gibson attended high school in Alice Springs, where she lived with her uncle, aunt and grandmother, Mitjili Napanangka Gibson, who portrayed her grandmother in the film. She left school in Year 11. Gibson speaks three languages, Warlpiri, Luritja and English, and learned some Japanese.

Gibson lived previously in Kintore where she experienced first hand the desolation of life in isolated communities that is portrayed in the film.

In 2012 Gibson had a child with her partner.

Caméra d'Or
The Caméra d'Or ("Golden Camera") is an award of the Cannes Film Festival for the best first feature film presented in one of the Cannes selections (Official Selection, Directors' Fortnight or Critics' Week).

The prize was created in 1978 by Gilles Jacob, and is awarded during the festival's closing ceremony by an independent jury.
South Dakota's 4th legislative district
South Dakota's 4th legislative district is one of 35 districts in the South Dakota Legislature. Each district is represented by 1 senator and 2 representatives. In the Senate, it has been represented by Republican John Wiik since 2017. In the House, it has been represented by Republicans Kent Roe and Dylan C. Jordan since 2025. It was previously represented by Republicans Stephanie Sauder since 2023 and Fred Deutsch since 2019.

John Wiik
John Wiik (born March 28, 1972) is an American politician who has served in the South Dakota Senate from the 4th district since 2017. He previously served in the South Dakota House of Representatives from the 4th district from 2015 to 2017.
1992 Esiliiga
The 1992 season in the first division of Estonian football, named Esiliiga, was the first domestic competition since the Baltic nation gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Eight teams competed in this edition, played in the spring, with Kreenholm Narva winning the title.

Independence
Independence is a condition of a nation, country, or state, in which residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise self-government, and usually sovereignty, over its territory. The opposite of independence is the status of a dependent territory or colony. The commemoration of the independence day of a country or nation celebrates when a country is free from all forms of colonialism; free to build a country or nation without any interference from other nations.
2006 IIHF World Championship
The 2006 IIHF World Championship was held in between 5–21 May 2006 in Riga, Latvia. It was the 70th annual event, and was run by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF).

One of the requirements of the IIHF for Latvia to host the event was that a new arena would be constructed. Sweden was the stand-by organizer in case the arena was delayed, but the construction was completed on schedule, marking the first time a former Soviet state apart from Russia has hosted the event. The mascot of the championships was a beaver called RIX (after Riga International Airport's IATA code.)

Sweden shut out the Czech Republic 4-0 in the Gold Medal Game to win the IIHF World Championships. Sweden had won the 2006 Winter Olympic Men's Ice Hockey Gold 3-2 versus Finland in Turin, Italy two months earlier. They therefore became the first hockey team to win both the Winter Olympics and the IIHF World Championships in the same year.

Czechia men's national ice hockey team
The Czech Republic men's national ice hockey team is the national ice hockey team of the Czech Republic. Since 2021, the team has been officially known in English as Czechia. It is one of the most successful national ice hockey teams in history and a member of the so-called "Big Six", the unofficial group of the six strongest men's ice hockey nations, along with Canada, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. It is governed by the Czech Ice Hockey Association. The Czech Republic has 85,000 male players officially enrolled in organized hockey (0.8% of its population).
Gorenje Skopice
Gorenje Skopice (pronounced [ɡɔˈɾeːnjɛ skɔˈpiːtsɛ]; German: Oberskopiz) is a settlement on the right bank of the Sava River in the Municipality of Brežice in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

In the hamlet of Pečina in the settlement, remains of a small Roman Villa rustica on the Roman road from Emona to Siscia with a 1st-century burial ground have been found. Archaeological evidence shows that the site was also occupied in the 4th and 5th centuries.

Sisak
Sisak (pronounced [sǐːsak]; also known by other alternative names) is a city in central Croatia, spanning the confluence of the Kupa, Sava and Odra rivers, 57 km (35 mi) southeast of the Croatian capital Zagreb, and is usually considered to be where the Posavina (Sava basin) begins, with an elevation of 99 m. The city's total population in 2021 was 40,185 of which 27,886 live in the urban settlement (naselje).

Sisak is the administrative centre of the Sisak-Moslavina County, Croatia's biggest river port and a centre of river shipping industry (Dunavski Lloyd). It lies on the D36 state road and the Zagreb-Sisak-Novska railway. Sisak is a regional economic, cultural and historical center. The largest oil refinery in Croatia is located in Sisak.
Gas-operated reloading
Gas-operation is a system of operation used to provide energy to operate locked breech, autoloading firearms. In gas-operation, a portion of high-pressure gas from the cartridge being fired is used to power a mechanism to dispose of the spent case and insert a new cartridge into the chamber. Energy from the gas is harnessed through either a port in the barrel or a trap at the muzzle. This high-pressure gas impinges on a surface such as a piston head to provide motion for unlocking of the action, extraction of the spent case, ejection, cocking of the hammer or striker, chambering of a fresh cartridge, and locking of the action.

Hammer (firearms)
The hammer is a part of a firearm that is used to strike the percussion cap/primer, or a separate firing pin, to ignite the propellant and fire the projectile. It is so called because it resembles a hammer in both form and function. The hammer itself is a metal piece that forcefully rotates about a pivot point.

The term tumbler can refer to a part of the hammer or a part mechanically attached to the pivot-point of the hammer, depending on the particular firearm under discussion (see half-cock). According to one source the term tumbler is synonymous with hammer.
Östen Sjöstrand
Östen Sjöstrand (16 June 1925 in Gothenburg – 13 May 2006) was a Swedish poet, writer and translator. He became a member of the Swedish Academy in 1975 and was a member of the Academy's Nobel committee between 1979 and 1990.

Swedish Academy
The Swedish Academy (Swedish: Svenska Akademien), founded in 1786 by King Gustav III, is one of the Royal Academies of Sweden. Its 18 members, who are elected for life, comprise the highest Swedish language authority. Outside Scandinavia, it is best known as the body that chooses the laureates for the annual Nobel Prize in Literature, awarded in memory of the donor Alfred Nobel.
Judson Worthington Hastings
Judson Worthington Hastings, born on June 13, 1853, in Suffield, Connecticut, and died in 1923, was a physician and public official. He served various roles as a physician, trustee of a public library, town clerk, treasurer, tax collector, and a medical inspector of schools. Judson was a part of the Massachusetts Medical Society.

Tax collector
A tax collector (also called a taxman) is a person who collects unpaid taxes from other people or corporations on behalf of a government. The term could also be applied to those who audit tax returns or work for a revenue agency. Tax collectors are often portrayed negatively, and in the modern world share a similar stereotype to that of lawyers.
Transequatorial loop
In solar physics, a transequatorial loop is a structure present in the solar corona that connects two different regions of opposite magnetic polarity in opposite hemispheres of the Sun. These connected regions are not limited to active regions, but are most commonly found during the times of maximum solar activity, the solar maximum.

Transequatorial loops play an integral role in the Babcock Model of solar dynamics and are therefore important to the future study of the solar dynamo.

Solar dynamo
The solar dynamo is a physical process that generates the Sun's magnetic field. It is explained with a variant of the dynamo theory. A naturally occurring electric generator in the Sun's interior produces electric currents and a magnetic field, following the laws of Ampère, Faraday and Ohm, as well as the laws of fluid dynamics, which together form the laws of magnetohydrodynamics. The detailed mechanism of the solar dynamo is not known and is the subject of current research.
Erik Persson (swimmer)
Erik Persson (born 12 January 1994) is a Swedish swimmer. He competed in the men's 100 metre breaststroke event at the 2016 Summer Olympics. He qualified to represent Sweden at the 2020 Summer Olympics in the men's 200 metre breaststroke event.

Swimming at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre breaststroke
The men's 100 metre breaststroke event at the 2016 Summer Olympics took place between 6–7 August at the Olympic Aquatics Stadium.

The winning margin was 1.56 seconds which as of 2023 remains the only time this event for men was won by more than one second at the Olympics.
2012 Valencia Open 500
The 2012 Valencia Open 500 was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 18th edition of the Valencia Open, and part of the 500 Series of the 2012 ATP World Tour. It was held at the Ciutat de les Arts i les Ciències in Valencia, Spain, from 20 October through 28 October 2012. This was the last tournament before the retirement from tennis of Juan Carlos Ferrero. First-seeded David Ferrer won the singles title.

ATP 500 tournaments
The ATP 500 tournaments (previously known as the ATP World Tour 500 tournaments, ATP International Series Gold, and ATP Championship Series) are the fourth-highest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, and the ATP Masters 1000 events. The winners of each tournament are awarded 500 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2025, the series includes 16 tournaments, which have draws of 32 for singles (except for the Washington Open: 48) and 16 for doubles. Leading players must enter at least four 500 events, including at least one after the US Open; if they play fewer than four, or fail to play in one after the US Open they get a "zero" score towards their world ranking for each one short.

Roger Federer has won the most ATP 500 singles titles (24), while Daniel Nestor has won the most doubles titles (20).
General Service Medal
The General Service Medal can refer to any of the following medals:

General Service Medal (1918)

General Service Medal (1962)

General Service Medal (2008)

General Service Medal (Bophuthatswana)

General Service Medal (Canada)

General Service Medal (India)

General Service Medal (Malaysia)

General Services Medal (Oman)

General Service Medal (Rhodesia)

General Service Medal (South Africa)

General Service Medal (Venda)

Samanya Seva Medal

New Zealand General Service Medal 1992 (Non-Warlike)

New Zealand General Service Medal 1992 (Warlike)

General Service Medal (South Africa)
The General Service Medal is a military campaign medal which was instituted by the Republic of South Africa in 1987. It could be awarded to members of the South African Defence Force from 1 January 1983, for operational service inside South Africa in the prevention or suppression of terrorism or internal disorder, or the preservation of life, health or property, or the maintenance of essential services and law and order, or crime prevention.

In 2002, the Maluti Clasp was authorised for personnel who participated in Operations Boleas and Maluti.
2020 U.S. Open Cup qualification
The 2020 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup tournament proper featured teams from all five tiers of the men's American soccer pyramid.

Qualification for the 2020 tournament included local qualifying matches contested by 88 teams, with a majority being amateur, and took place in late 2019 from September to November. One team also qualified by winning the 2019 National Amateur Cup, and other clubs playing in national leagues that are not fully professional qualified based on their results in 2019 league play.

The Open Division Local Qualifying tournament was launched in 2016 as an alternative to holding state and regional qualifying tournaments. Now, all teams from any US Soccer-affiliated leagues just need to register. The competition begins in the fall and all entrants are divided up regionally to minimize travel, with the teams that advance the furthest qualifying for the Lamar Hunt US Open Cup which will begin in the spring.

National Amateur Cup
The National Amateur Cup, also known as the USASA Amateur Cup, is an American knockout soccer competition open to all amateur teams affiliated with the United States Soccer Federation through United States Adult Soccer Association (USASA). The National Amateur Cup began in 1923 in response to the number of teams applying to play in the National Challenge Cup. The winner of the men's National Amateur Cup tournament is awarded the Fritz Marth Cup and an entry into the U.S. Open Cup.
Roy Herbert Reinhart
Roy Herbert Reinhart (born September 11, 1919, died December 11, 2005 Oxford, Ohio) was a zoologist, geologist, and paleontologist.  He is especially remembered for his research on Sirenia and the discovery of the order Desmostylia.

Oxford, Ohio
Oxford is a city in Butler County, Ohio, United States. The population was 23,035 at the 2020 census. A college town, Oxford was founded in 1810 to serve as the home of Miami University. The city lies in southwestern Ohio roughly 4 miles (6.4 km) from the Indiana–Ohio border, approximately 30 miles (48 km) northwest of Cincinnati and 35 miles (56 km) southwest of Dayton.
John Sanborn (media artist)
John Sanborn (born 1954) is a key member of the second wave of American video artists that includes Bill Viola, Gary Hill, Dara Birnbaum and Tony Oursler. Sanborn's body of work spans the early days of experimental video art in the 1970s through the heyday of MTV music/videos and interactive art to digital media art of today.

Kyle Gann
Kyle Eugene Gann (born November 21, 1955, in Dallas, Texas) is an American composer, professor of music, critic, analyst, and musicologist who has worked primarily in the New York City area. As a music critic for The Village Voice (from 1986 to 2005) and other publications, he has supported progressive music, including such "downtown" movements as postminimalism and totalism.