hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fürstenberg Castle (Höingen)
Fürstenberg Castle (German: Burg Fürstenberg), also called the Electoral Cologne State Castle (kurkölnische Landesburg), is a ruined castle near the former site of the village Höingen, in the municipality of Ense, Soest in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. Built on a high point above the Ruhr as a castle for the Archbishop of Cologne, who was among the prince electors of the Holy Roman Empire, the site was called the Prince's Hill (Fürstenberg), lending its name to the House of Fürstenberg (Westphalia) that started with the Imperial Knight Hermann, the Lehnsmann who held the castle for the prince when it was first built, c. 1295.

Soest (district)
Soest (German: [ˈzoːst] ⓘ) is a Kreis (district) in the middle of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighbouring districts are Warendorf, Gütersloh, Paderborn, Hochsauerland, Märkischer Kreis, Unna and the independent town of Hamm.
2022–23 California Golden Bears men's basketball team
The 2022–23 California Golden Bears men's basketball team represented the University of California, Berkeley, in the 2022–23 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. This was Mark Fox's fourth year as head coach at California. The Golden Bears played their home games at Haas Pavilion as members of the Pac-12 Conference. The team began the season with a record of 0–12, the worst in history for any Power Five team. They finished the season 3–29, 2–18 in Pac-12 play to finish in last place. They lost to Washington State in the first round of the Pac-12 tournament.

Head coach Mark Fox was fired on March 9, 2023. He finished with a 38–87 record at Cal. On April 3, the school named Utah Valley head coach and former Stanford player Mark Madsen the team's new head coach.

2023 Pac-12 Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2023 Pac-12 Conference men's basketball tournament was a postseason men's basketball tournament for the Pac-12 Conference held March 8–11, 2023, at T-Mobile Arena on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada.  The tournament winner of the conference tournament, Arizona, received the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament.
Provincial Archives
Provincial Archives can be:

Archives of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Archives of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec, multiple sites

National and Provincial State Archives (Belgium)

Nova Scotia Archives and Records Management, formerly the Public Archives of Nova Scotia, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

Provincial Archives of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada

Provincial Archives of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Provincial Archives of Funen, in Odense, Denmark

Provincial Archives of New Brunswick, New Brunswick, Canada

Public Archives and Records Office (Prince Edward Island), Prince Edward Island, Canada

Royal British Columbia Museum, which absorbed the former British Columbia Provincial Archives, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

Saskatchewan Archives Board, Saskatoon and Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada

The Provincial Archives of Östergötland, Sweden, housed in Vadstena Castle

Provincial Archives of New Brunswick
Provincial Archives of New Brunswick (PANB) is the archives agency for the Canadian province of New Brunswick. It is located on the campus of the University of New Brunswick in Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada.
The Long Valley
The Long Valley is a collection of short fiction by John Steinbeck. Most of the stories appeared originally in literary periodicals, and were first collected by Viking Press in 1938.

Ranked among Steinbeck's "finest and best-known" fiction, these are among the most frequently anthologized of Steinbeck's stories, widely read by university undergraduates and high school students.
Author and social critic Andre Gide declared that several stories in The Long Valley "equaled or surpassed" those of Russian author Anton Chekhov.

"The Murder" and "The Promise" were selected for the O. Henry Prize anthology for short fiction in 1934 and 1938, respectively.

O. Henry Award
The O. Henry Award is an annual American award given to short stories of exceptional merit. The award is named after the American short-story writer O. Henry.

The PEN/O. Henry Prize Stories is an annual collection of the year's twenty best stories published in U.S. and Canadian magazines. Along with The Best American Short Stories, the O. Henry Prize Stories is one of the two "best-known annual anthologies of short fiction."

Until 2002 there were first, second, and third prize winners and from 2003 to 2019 there were three jurors who each selected a short story of special interest or merit; the collection is called The PEN/O. Henry Prize Stories, and the original collection was called Prize Stories 1919: The O. Henry Memorial Awards.
Hemanta Bahadur B.C.
Hemanta Bahadur B.C. is a Nepalese politician and the chairman of the Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist). He was a leading member of the Communist Party of Nepal (United), prior to the merger of that party into the Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist). When the United Left Front was constituted in 2002, he became its treasurer.

Communist Party of Nepal (United) (1991–2005)
Communist Party of Nepal (United) was a political party in Nepal. In 1991, after the first general election, through the merger of Communist Party of Nepal (Democratic), Communist Party of Nepal (Burma) and Communist Party of Nepal (Amatya). Both the Burma and Amatya-led factions did however break away from the party soon after the merger. The youth wing of the party was called Nepal National Youth Federation. Its trade union wing was called Nepal Trade Union Federation.
Awards of the Montenegrin Olympic Committee
Awards of the Montenegrin Olympic Committee (Montenegrin: Nagrade Crnogorskog olimpijskog komiteta) are proclaimed since 1999, at the end of each calendar year, to the most successful athletes. Initially declared Young Male Athlete, Young Female Athlete, Men's Team and Woman's Team, awards for the Sportsman of the Year were introduced in 2011. The competition includes results from current Olympic sports.

Montenegrin language
Montenegrin (crnogorski / црногорски [tsr̩nǒɡorskiː]) is the standard variety of the Serbo-Croatian language mainly used by Montenegrins. It is the official language of Montenegro. Montenegrin is based on the most widespread dialect of Serbo-Croatian, Shtokavian, more specifically on Eastern Herzegovinian, which is also the basis of Standard Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian.

The language used in Montenegro has historically and traditionally been called simply as Serbian. The idea of a Montenegrin standard language distinct from Serbian is a relatively recent political development that emerged in the late 1990s and early 2000s amid the breakup of Yugoslavia. It was closely associated with movements advocating Montenegrin independence from Serbia and Montenegro. Following independence, Montenegrin was designated the official language of Montenegro in 2007 with the adoption of a new constitution.
Cumbre Tunnel
Cumbre Tunnel served Bosques de Chihuahua, a logging railroad in Copper Canyon, Chihuahua, Mexico. In 1914 the tunnel was obstructed by a hijacked train which was set afire. A replacement tunnel had to be constructed east of the former tunnel.

Copper Canyon
Copper Canyon (Spanish: Barrancas del Cobre) is a group of six distinct canyons in the Sierra Madre Occidental in the southwestern part of the state of Chihuahua in northwestern Mexico that is 65,000 square kilometres (25,000 sq mi) in size. The canyons were formed by six rivers that drain the western side of the Sierra Tarahumara (a part of the Sierra Madre Occidental).  All six rivers merge into the Rio Fuerte and empty into the Gulf of California.  The walls of the canyon are a copper/green color, which is the origin of the name.
The Shamrock and the Rose
The Shamrock and the Rose is a 1927 American silent comedy film directed by Jack Nelson and starring Mack Swain, Olive Hasbrouck, and Edmund Burns.

It was one of a series of film presenting inter-community romance between Irish Americans and Jewish Americans.

Jack Nelson (actor)
Jack Claude Nelson (October 15, 1888 – March 18, 1969) was an American actor and film director of the silent era. He appeared in more than 80 films between 1910 and 1935. He also directed 58 films between 1920 and 1935.
United June Movement
The United June Movement (Turkish: Birleşik Haziran Hareketi, BHH) was a political coalition bringing together left-wing, communist and socialist parties, Marxist–Leninist political organizations, independent individuals and various left-wing non-governmental organizations in Turkey.

BHH was defined as anti-capitalist, anti-imperialist, anti-fascist and anti-reactionary political alliance by the founders of the movement. The June Movement comprised a broad array of groups and political parties including the Freedom and Solidarity Party, the Communist Party, the People's Communist Party of Turkey, the Labourist Movement Party, the Socialist Liberation Party (formerly known as the Communist Party of Turkey 1920) and the Revolutionary Movement.

In February 2015, HDP honorary president and HDK co-spokesperson Ertuğrul Kürkçü approached the United June Movement with a proposal to contest the June 2015 general election as a joint list.

Political organisation
A political organisation is any organisation whose primary purpose is involving itself in the political process, including political parties, non-governmental organisations, and special interest advocacy groups. Political organisations are those engaged in political activities (e.g., lobbying, community organizing, campaign advertising, etc.) aimed at achieving clearly defined political goals, which typically benefit the interests of their members.

While parties are one type of political organisation that may engage in some or all of those activities, they are distinct in that they typically focus on supporting candidates for public office, winning elections and controlling government.
500 Series Shinkansen
The 500 series (500系, Go-hyaku-kei) is a Shinkansen high-speed train type operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR-West) in Japan on the Tōkaidō Shinkansen line from 1997 until 2010, and the San'yō Shinkansen line since 1997. They were designed to be capable of 320 km/h (199 mph) but operated at 300 km/h (186 mph), until they were retired from the primary Nozomi service in 2010. The trainsets were then refurbished and downgraded to the all-stations Kodama service between Shin-Ōsaka and Hakata.

Shin-Ōsaka Station
Shin-Ōsaka Station (Japanese: 新大阪駅, Hepburn: Shin-Ōsaka-eki; lit. 'New Osaka Station') is a major interchange railway station in Yodogawa-ku, Osaka, Japan. It is the western terminus of the high-speed Tōkaidō Shinkansen from Tokyo, the eastern terminus of the San'yō Shinkansen from Fukuoka, and one of the primary rail hubs in Osaka. The two Shinkansen lines are physically connected, allowing many services to operate through between them.

The station opened in 1964 and was built about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from the older Ōsaka Station to avoid the engineering challenges of extending the Shinkansen line into the city center. The JR Kyoto Line and the Midōsuji Line subway offer convenient connections to other major destinations throughout central Osaka.
Goffi
Goffi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cesare Goffi (1920–1995), Italian footballer

Danilo Goffi (born 1972), Italian long-distance runner

Emmanuel Goffi (born 1971), French Air Force officer and writer

Maxima Goffi (born 2008), French footballer

Nancy Augustyniak Goffi (born 1979), American soccer player

Sara Goffi (born 1981), Italian swimmer

Emmanuel Goffi
Emmanuel Roberto Goffi (born December 10, 1971) is a French-Canadian philosopher of technology and ethicist specializing in artificial intelligence (AI) and multicultural ethics. He is currently a professor of ethics at Isep – École d’ingénieurs du numérique in Paris and serves as an ethics advisor and consultant to various international organizations. 
Goffi is recognized for his critical work on cosm-ethics (cosm-éthique), a concept emphasizing the gap between ethics as rhetorical branding and ethics as substantive, pluralistic moral practice in the governance of AI.
Wigan Rural District
Wigan Rural District was an administrative district in Lancashire, England from 1894 to 1974.  The rural district comprised an area to the north, but did not include the town of Wigan.

The district was created by the Local Government Act 1894 as the successor to the Wigan Rural Sanitary District.
It consisted of six civil parishes: Dalton, Haigh, Parbold, Shevington, Worthington and Wrightington. The contiguous parishes of Haigh and Worthington were separated from the rest of the district by Standish with Langtree Urban District.

The rural district was abolished by the Local Government Act 1972 in 1974.  Its territory was split between the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan in Greater Manchester, and the district of West Lancashire, with the parishes of Haigh, Shevington, and Worthington going to Wigan, and the remainder going to West Lancashire district.

Dalton, Lancashire
Dalton is a village and civil parish in West Lancashire, England, near Skelmersdale and south of the River Douglas. Dalton was listed in the Domesday Book, and soon after the Norman conquest became part of the Barony of Manchester. It remained part of the Manchester fee as late as 1733. Dalton had a population of 348 (2001 Census), increasing to 383 at the 2011 Census.

The local landscape is dominated by Ashurst Hill, which rises 570 feet (170 m) above sea level and is crowned by Ashurst's Beacon. The beacon once formed part of a relay league stretching from Everton Brow above Liverpool to Lancaster Castle, which was in place (though unused) during the Anglo–Spanish War of 1585. The current structure dates from around 1800, when local landowner Sir William Ashurst decided that a more permanent beacon was needed for the oncoming Napoleonic Wars.
Villa Cigolotti
Villa Cigolotti is an historical facility located in the Municipality of Vivaro, Province of Pordenone, in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region on the north eastern part of Italy.

The Villa takes its name from the first owner and commissioner: the Counts Cigolotti family.

From the year 1740 of its foundation for the following 250 years, the Villa has been used as private housing facility by the different owners that alternated across the decades.

Nowadays, Villa Cigolotti serves as hotel and hospitality facility for events.

Province of Pordenone
The province of Pordenone (Italian: provincia di Pordenone; Friulian: provincie di Pordenon; Venetian: provincia de Pordenon) was a province in the autonomous region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy, subdivided from the province of Udine in 1968. Its capital was the city of Pordenone. The province was abolished on 30 September 2017; it was reestablished in 2019 as the regional decentralization entity of Pordenone (Italian: ente di decentramento regionale di Pordenone; Friulian: ent di decentrament regjonâl di Pordenon), and was reactivated on 1 July 2020. It has a total population of 312,794 inhabitants.
Jiayang Sun
Jiayang Sun is an American statistician whose research has included work on simultaneous confidence bands for multiple comparisons, selection bias, mixture models, Gaussian random fields, machine learning, big data, statistical computing, graphics, and applications in biostatistics, biomedical research, software bug tracking, astronomy, and intellectual property law. She is a statistics professor, Bernard J. Dunn Eminent Scholar, and chair of the statistics department at George Mason University, and a former president of the Caucus for Women in Statistics.

Multiple comparisons problem
Multiple comparisons, multiplicity or multiple testing problem occurs when many statistical tests are performed on the same dataset. Each test has its own chance of a Type I error (false positive), so the overall probability of making at least one false positive increases as the number of tests grows. In statistics, this occurs when one simultaneously considers a set of statistical inferences or estimates a subset of selected parameters based on observed values.

The probability of false positives is measured through the family-wise error rate (FWER). The larger the number of inferences made in a series of tests, the more likely erroneous inferences become.  Several statistical techniques have been developed to compensate for the number of inferences being made—for example, by requiring a stricter significance threshold for individual comparisons.
Ichthyophis bernisi
Ichthyophis bernisi, the Indonesia caecilian or Indonesian caecilian, is a species of amphibian in the family Ichthyophiidae. It is endemic to Java (Indonesia). It is only known from the holotype collected from an unspecified location on Java before 1975. The specific name bernisi honors Francisco Bernis Madrazo, a Spanish ornithologist.

Francisco Bernis
Francisco Bernis Madrazo (16 August 1916 – 10 November 2003) was a Spanish ornithologist who has been called the father of modern ornithology in Spain. He was a professor at the University of Madrid, a founding member of the Spanish Ornithological Society and the founding editor of the journal Ardeola.
1994 Hawaii Open
The 1994 Oahu Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the only edition of the Oahu Open, and was part of the World Series of the 1994 ATP Tour. It took place at the Turtle Bay Hilton in Oahu, Hawaii in United States, from January 3 through January 9, 1994.

The singles featured Queen's Club runner-up, Sydney Indoor semifinalist and Antwerp doubles finalist Wayne Ferreira, Indianapolis and Vienna quarterfinalist Richey Reneberg, and Kuala Lumpur runner-up Jonas Svensson. Also competing in the draw were Beijing semifinalist Brad Gilbert, Bolzano champion Jonathan Stark, Fabrice Santoro, Renzo Furlan and Patrick McEnroe.

1993 Stella Artois Championships
The 1993 Stella Artois Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts at the Queen's Club in London in the United Kingdom that was part of the World Series of the 1993 ATP Tour. It was the 91st edition of the tournament ran from 7 June until 14 June 1993. Sixth-seeded Michael Stich won the singles title and Todd Woodbridge / Mark Woodforde won the doubles title.
Andechs Abbey
Andechs Abbey is a Benedictine monastery, now a priory but formerly an abbey, in the municipality of Andechs, in the Landkreis of Starnberg, Upper Bavaria, Germany. A place of pilgrimage on a hill east of the Ammersee, the Abbey is famed for its flamboyant Baroque church and its brewery, Klosterbrauerei Andechs, the proceeds from which help fund the monks' mission of help. Composer Carl Orff is buried in the church.

Starnberg (district)
Starnberg (German pronunciation: [ˈʃtaʁnbɛʁk] ⓘ) is a Landkreis (district) in the southern part of Bavaria, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) Fürstenfeldbruck, Munich, Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen, Weilheim-Schongau and Landsberg.

Starnberg district and the Hochtaunuskreis regularly compete for the title of Germany's wealthiest district.
Nové Mesto nad Váhom District
Nové Mesto nad Váhom District (Slovak: okres Nové Mesto nad Váhom, Hungarian: Vágújhelyi járás) is a district in the Trenčín Region of western Slovakia. Before 1920, the territory of the district was mostly part of the county of Kingdom of Hungary of Nyitra, with an area in the north forming part of the county of Trencsén.

Nyitra County
Nyitra County (Hungarian: Nyitra vármegye; German: Neutraer Gespanschaft/Komitat Neutra; Latin: Comitatus Nitriensis; Slovak: Nitriansky komitát / Nitrianska stolica / Nitrianska župa) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory lay in what is now western Slovakia.
National Hotel (Washington, D.C.)
The National Hotel was a hotel in Washington, D.C. It was located on the northeastern corner of the intersection of Pennsylvania Avenue and 6th Street NW. John Gadsby had it built in 1826. The hotel was sold to the city in 1929, and it was demolished in 1942.

In 1857, there was an outbreak of a mysterious illness at the hotel.

During the Civil War, Confederate sympathizers met there.

There were many notable people who resided at the National during their years in Washington. Two prominent politicians who lived here were Thomas W. Ferry and Henry Clay (who died at the National).

John Wilkes Booth had been staying at the National Hotel, in Room 228, the night that he assassinated Abraham Lincoln.

Thomas W. Ferry
Thomas White Ferry (June 10, 1827 – October 13, 1896), or T. W. Ferry, represented Michigan in the United States House of Representatives and then in the United States Senate. Ferry served as president pro tempore of the Senate during the 44th and 45th Congresses, notably being ranked during the vice presidential vacancy between November 22, 1875 and March 4, 1877 as "Acting Vice President".
Agrotis trifurca
Agrotis trifurca is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in Turkestan, Siberia, south-eastern Ukraine, the Altai Mountains, Tibet, China, Mongolia, the Amur region and the Korean Peninsula. It is also found in the eastern Carpathian Mountains in Romania.

Turkestan
Turkestan, also spelled Turkistan, is a historical name for the region of Asia lying between the Caspian Sea to the west, Siberia to the north, the Gobi Desert to the east, and Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Tibet to the south. Turkestan is primarily inhabited by Turkic peoples, as well as Russian and Tajik-Persian minorities. It is subdivided into West Turkestan, which historically belonged to the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union, and East Turkestan (identified either with the Tarim Basin/Southern Xinjiang or with Xinjiang as a whole), which forms part of China.

Throughout history, the region has been exposed to the invasion of several different groups and kingdoms, including the Huns, Hepthalites, Bactrians, Imperial China, Arab Caliphate,  Hellenistic Macedonian Empire, Achaemenid Empire,  as well as various Turkic states and the Mongol Empire. The Qara Khitai also briefly controlled a significant bulk of Turkestan.
James V. Grimaldi
James V. Grimaldi is an American journalist who serves as executive editor of the National Catholic Reporter. He was previously an investigative reporter and senior writer with the Wall Street Journal. He has been awarded the Pulitzer Prize three times, for investigative reporting in 1996 with the staff of the Orange County Register, in 2006 for his work on the Jack Abramoff lobbying scandal while working for The Washington Post, and in 2023 with the staff of the Wall Street Journal for its capital assets series.

Jack Abramoff Indian lobbying scandal
The Jack Abramoff Indian lobbying scandal was a United States political scandal exposed in 2005; it related to fraud perpetrated by political lobbyists Jack Abramoff, Ralph E. Reed Jr., Grover Norquist, and Michael Scanlon on Native American tribes who were seeking to develop casino gambling on their reservations. The lobbyists charged the tribes an estimated $85 million in fees. Abramoff and Scanlon grossly overbilled their clients, secretly splitting the multi-million dollar profits. In one case, they secretly orchestrated lobbying against their own clients in order to force them to pay for lobbying services.

In the course of the scheme, the lobbyists were accused of illegally giving gifts and making campaign donations to legislators in return for votes or support of legislation. Representative Bob Ney (R-OH) and two aides to Tom DeLay (R-TX) were directly implicated; other politicians had various ties.