hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cristina Bicchieri
Cristina Bicchieri (born 1950) is an Italian–American philosopher. She is the S.J.P. Harvie Professor of Social Thought and Comparative Ethics in the Philosophy and Psychology Departments at the University of Pennsylvania, professor of Legal Studies in the Wharton School, and director of the Master in Behavioral Decision Sciences program (https://www.lps.upenn.edu/degree-programs/mbds) and the Philosophy, Politics and Economics program. She has worked on problems in the philosophy of social science, rational choice and game theory. More recently, her work has focused on the nature and evolution of social norms, and the design of behavioral experiments to test under which conditions norms will be followed. She is a leader in the field of behavioral ethics and is the director of the Center for Social Norms and Behavioral Dynamics  at the University of Pennsylvania.

Philosophy of social science
Philosophy of social science examines how social science integrates with other related scientific disciplines, which implies a rigorous, systematic endeavor to build and organize knowledge relevant to the interaction between individual people and their wider social involvement.

Scientific rationalism tried to dissociate logical transactions from the emotional motivation to so engage, which strategic and tactical objectives work together as heuristic strategies, some of which are explored below.
Ei (song)
"Ei" (English: No) is a song by Finnish pop rock singer-songwriter Maija Vilkkumaa. Released by Warner Music Finland in 2003, it was the B-side to her lead single "Häviän" (I Vanish) from her third studio album Ei, along with the other B-side "Ilosanoma" (Gospel). Written by Vilkkumaa, the song peaked at number three on its debut week on the Finnish Singles Chart and charted for five weeks.

Official Finnish Charts
The Official Finnish Charts (Finnish: Suomen virallinen lista; Swedish: Finlands officiella lista) are national record charts in Finland compiled and published by Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland. The name Suomen virallinen lista/Finlands officiella lista (lit. "the Official Finnish Chart"), which is singular in both Finnish and Swedish, is used generically to refer to both the albums and the singles chart, and the context (albums or songs) reveals which chart is meant.
David Philippaerts
David Philippaerts (born 7 December 1983 in Pietrasanta) is an Italian former professional motocross racer of Italian and Belgian descent. He competed in the Motocross World Championships from 2000 to 2014 before returning as a wild card in 2022. His most notable achievement is winning the 2008 MX1 World Championship.

Philippaerts was the 2008 F.I.M. world champion in the MX-1GP class riding for a Yamaha team run by former motocross world champion Michele Rinaldi.

Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme
The International Motorcycling Federation (Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme) or (FIM) is the global governing/sanctioning body of motorcycle racing. It represents 123 national motorcycle federations that are divided into six continental unions.

There are ten motorcycle-racing disciplines that FIM covers, encompassing 62 international championships as well as 188 secondary championships of circuit racing, enduro, Speedway Racing, Trials, Off-Roading, Motorcross, Supercross, Sno-Cross, Sidecars, and E-Bikes. FIM is also involved in many non-racing activities that promote the sport, its safety, and support relevant public policy. The FIM is also the first international sporting federation to publish an Environmental Code, in 1994. In 2007, a Commission for Women in Motorcycling was created by the FIM in order to promote the use of powered two-wheelers and the motorcycle sport among women.
W. Dean Harman
Walter (W.) Dean Harman is an American chemist, academic, author and researcher. He is the William R. Kenan, Jr. Professor of Chemistry at the University of Virginia.

Harman's research primarily focuses on organic, inorganic, and organometallic chemistry. He has also worked extensively in the area of dearomatization, and has developed new chemical tools based on tungsten, osmium, rhenium, and molybdenum that are designed to manipulate organic molecules in new ways. He is also the co-author of a textbook for general chemistry with Professor Gordon Yee, entitled Thinkwell Chemistry.

Osmium
Osmium (from Ancient Greek  ὀσμή (osmḗ) 'smell') is a chemical element; it has symbol Os and atomic number 76. It is a hard, brittle, bluish-white transition metal in the platinum group. Osmium has the highest density of any stable element and one of the lowest abundances in the Earth's crust. Manufacturers use alloys of osmium with platinum, iridium, and other platinum-group metals for fountain pen nib tipping, electrical contacts, and other applications that require extreme durability and hardness.
Jeremy Fall
Jeremy Fall (born August 3, 1990) is an American chef, restaurateur, and entrepreneur. He is the co-founder and former CEO of J. Fall Group. Fall is also the founder of the media and food company, JFALL. Fall founded and operated restaurants and bars in Los Angeles, California and Chicago, Illinois. He is the first chef and restaurateur to sign with Jay-Z's entertainment company, Roc Nation.

In July 2025, Fall launched Drugstore, a modern kitchen concept focused on made-from-scratch menu items using organic, regenerative, and seed-oil-free ingredients.

Roc Nation
Roc Nation is an American entertainment company founded by Jay-Z in 2008. Headquartered in New York City, the company is a successor to his previous Roc-A-Fella Records label, with additional offices in Los Angeles and London. It serves as a record label, talent agency, media production firm and clothing line along with educational and philanthropic programs.

It is co-owned by Jay-Z & Live Nation Entertainment.
James Leonard House
The James Leonard House is a historic house at 3 Warren Street in Taunton, Massachusetts.  It is a 2+1⁄2-story wood-frame house, five bays wide, with a side-gable roof, large central chimney, and wood shingle siding.  The doors and windows have simple trim, those on the second floor abutting the eave.  The house was built circa 1752 for James Leonard, muster master for Bristol County. during the American Revolutionary War, and descendant of the James Leonard who established the Taunton Iron Works in 1652. The house is characteristic of large farmhouses built in the region during the 18th century, and is one of the oldest on Warren Street.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Bristol County, Massachusetts
Bristol County is a county in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 579,200. The shire town is Taunton. Some governmental functions are performed by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, others by the county, and others by local towns and cities. The county is the sixth most populous county in Massachusetts. Bristol County is part of the Providence metropolitan area, which is also included in Greater Boston. The county is adjacent to the state of Rhode Island. It is geographically adjacent to the Massachusetts counties of Plymouth, Norfolk, and Dukes (via water), and the Rhode Island counties of Bristol, Newport, and Providence.
Up'n Away
"Up'N Away" is a song by German Eurodance group Mr. President, released in April 1994 by Warner Bros. as the second single from their debut album, Up'n Away - The Album (1995). It was co-written by Kai Matthiesen and produced by him with Rainer Gaffrey, and was the first song ever that received a golden record without charting in the German top ten. This was also the last single to receive participation from rapper George "Sir Prophet" Jones, as Delroy "Layzee Dee" Rennalls replaced him soon after the release. To avoid confusion after Jones left the group, the song was rerecorded for their debut album, with Rennalls providing the lead vocals as he did for the rest of the album's songs.

In 2000, the song was again remixed and released under the title "Up'N Away 2K" featuring the vocals of Delroy Rennalls, but the remix failed to chart. In 2014, the song was sampled by German dance act ItaloBrothers on the song "Up 'N Away".

Eurodance
Eurodance (sometimes referred to as Euro-NRG) is a genre of electronic dance music that originated in the late 1980s in Europe. It combines many elements of rap, techno and Eurodisco. This genre of music is heavily influenced by the use of rich vocals, sometimes with rapped verses. This, combined with cutting-edge synthesizers, strong bass rhythm and melodic hooks, establishes the core foundation of Eurodance music.
Millennium Clock, Dublin
The Millennium Clock was a six-ton installation designed by Grainne Hassett and Vincent Ducatez to celebrate the passing of the millennium, sponsored by the National Lottery. It took the form of a digital seven-segment display counting down the number of seconds to the year 2000 submerged under the surface of the River Liffey on the west side of O'Connell Bridge in Dublin city centre. It was turned on in March 1996 but suffered from technical problems, including becoming obscured by mud and algae. It was ultimately removed in December of the same year. These issues resulted in the clock being referred to as the "Time in the Slime" or the "Chime in the Slime".

Seven-segment display
A seven-segment display is a display device for digits and some letters. It is often used in a device to display numbers – for example in a digital clock or calculator. To a lesser extent, but still common, it is used to display alphanumeric information. Since a seven-segment display tends to be less expensive than a display that can better represent any character and even a graphic image such as a dot matrix display, the design choice to use a seven-segment display is a tradeoff to minimize cost over providing richer functionality.
Suchoolithus
Suchoolithus is an oogenus (fossil egg genus) of crocodylomorph eggs from the late Jurassic of Portugal. They are notable for their small size, and for being among the oldest known crocodylomorph eggs.

Clutch (eggs)
A clutch of eggs is the group of eggs produced by birds, amphibians, or reptiles, often at a single time, particularly those laid in a nest.

In birds, destruction of a clutch by predators (or removal by humans, for example the California condor breeding program) results in double-clutching. The technique is used to double the production of a species' eggs, in the California condor case, specifically to increase population size.
Peter Amollo Odhiambo
Peter Amollo Odhiambo is a Kenyan consultant thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon. He is Kenya's first cardiothoracic surgeon and a professor of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery at the University of Nairobi. He is a founder and former chairman of the Kenya Cardiac Society, and a former president of the Pan African Society of Cardiology (PASCAR). Odhiambo is the chairman of the Kenya Tobacco Control Board. He is also the founder and editor of Medicom, the African Journal of Hospital Medicine.

Thorax
The thorax (pl.: thoraces or thoraxes) or chest is a part of the anatomy of mammals and other tetrapod animals located between the neck and the abdomen.

In insects, crustaceans, and the extinct trilobites, the thorax is one of the three main divisions of the body, each in turn composed of multiple segments.

The human thorax includes the thoracic cavity and the thoracic wall. It contains organs including the heart, lungs, and thymus gland, as well as muscles and various other internal structures. The chest may be affected by many diseases, of which the most common symptom is chest pain.
Acacia chalkeri
Acacia chalkeri, also known as Chalker's wattle, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to New South Wales, Australia. It is an erect or spreading, bushy shrub with lance-shaped to narrowly lance-shaped phyllodes with the narrower end towards the base, spherical heads of bright yellow flowers and linear, firmly papery pods.

Phyllode
Phyllodes are modified petioles or leaf stalks, which are leaf-like in both appearance and function. In some plants, these  become flattened and widened, while the leaf itself becomes reduced or vanishes altogether. Thus the phyllode comes to serve the purpose of the leaf. Some important examples are Euphorbia royleana which are cylindrical and Opuntia which are flattened.

They are common in the genus Acacia, especially the Australian species, at one time put in Acacia subg. Phyllodineae. Sometimes, especially on younger plants, partially formed phyllodes bearing reduced leaves can be seen. The illustration (to the right) of Acacia suaveolens from Novae Hollandiae plantarum specimen shows the juvenile true leaves, together with the developing phyllodes, and the phyllodes of the mature plant.

The genus, Daviesia, in the family Fabaceae, is characterised in part by the plants having phyllodes.
Association for Library Collections and Technical Services
The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services (ALCTS) was a division of the American Library Association (ALA) dedicated to the areas of technical services (acquisitions, cataloging and classification, and continuing resources), collection management and development, and preservation and reformatting. ALCTS membership represented over forty countries and included librarians, library support staff, students of library and information science, and commercial vendors whose professional interests lay in these areas of practice. ALCTS met the needs of its members through educational programming, publications, professional development opportunities and information exchange. ALCTS also promoted and had significant input into the development of standards and best practices, including NISO standards and cataloging standards such as RDA.

ALCTS was dissolved in 2020 and merged into a new ALA division, Core.

Resource Description and Access
Resource Description and Access (RDA) is a standard for descriptive cataloging initially released in June 2010, providing instructions and guidelines on formulating bibliographic data.  Intended for use by libraries and other cultural organizations such as museums and archives, RDA is the successor to Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, Second Edition (AACR2).
Wolfpack Tümmler
Tümmler (English: Dolphin) was a wolf pack of German U-boats that operated from October 1–11, 1942 in World War II. This pack was sent into the Mediterranean Sea from their French bases and all of them succeeded in getting through the Strait of Gibraltar safely.

Strait of Gibraltar
The Strait of Gibraltar, also known as the Straits of Gibraltar, is a narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates Europe from Africa.
The two continents are separated by 7.7 nautical miles (14.2 kilometers, 8.9 miles) at its narrowest point. Ferries cross between the two continents every day in as little as 35 minutes. The Strait's depth ranges between 300 and 900 metres (980 and 2,950 feet; 160 and 490 fathoms).

The strait lies in the territorial waters of Morocco, Spain, and the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, foreign vessels and aircraft have the freedom of navigation and overflight to cross the strait of Gibraltar in case of continuous transit.
Garforth Arts Festival
The Garforth Arts Festival was an annual arts festival that took place in Garforth, Leeds, England. The events took place over a two-week period in June and July, ending with a full-day ‘Playground Party’ on the final Saturday. The festival featured a variety of art forms, including music, theatre, comedy, circus, literature, art and dance. Most events were commissioned educational projects involving children and professional artists.

Chapel FM
Chapel FM is an arts centre that runs East Leeds FM, a community radio station based in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. It initially started in 2003 as East Leeds FM when Heads Together Productions, a Huddersfield-based community arts organisation, worked with local East Leeds high school John Smeaton Academy to form the project. In 2014, they acquired the Seacroft Chapel, an old church, to establish the Chapel FM arts centre, the only one in East Leeds.

The station allows young people from all around East Leeds and interested adults to air broadcasts.
Robert Montgomery (sport shooter)
Robert James Montgomery (born 20 September 1891 – 10 January 1964) was a Canadian sports shooter. He was born in Lincoln, Ontario. Competing for Canada, he won a silver medal in team clay pigeons at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris.

He died in Boston on 10 January 1964.

Shooting at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Men's team trap
The men's team clay pigeons was a shooting sports event held as part of the Shooting at the 1924 Summer Olympics programme. It was the fourth appearance of the event. The competition was held on 6 and 7 July 1924 at the shooting ranges at Issy-les-Moulineaux. 69 shooters from 12 nations competed.

Note: The International Olympic Committee medal database shows all six team members as medalists. The shooters in italics were the weakest of their teams and their scores did not count for the team score.
Fun in Acapulco (soundtrack)
Fun in Acapulco is the seventh soundtrack album by American singer and musician Elvis Presley, released on RCA Victor Records in mono and stereo, LPM/LSP 2756, in November 1963. It is the soundtrack to the 1963 film of the same name starring Presley. Recording sessions took place at Radio Recorders in Hollywood on January 22 and 23 and February 27, 1963; and at RCA Studio B in Nashville, Tennessee, on May 26 and 28, 1963. It peaked at number three on the Billboard Top Pop Albums chart.

RCA Studio B
RCA Studio B was a music recording studio in Nashville, Tennessee, established in 1957 by Steve Sholes and Chet Atkins for RCA Victor. Originally known simply as the RCA Victor Studio, in 1965 the studio was designated as Studio B after RCA Victor built the newer, larger Studio A in an adjacent building.

Located centrally in what would become Nashville's Music Row, the RCA Victor Studios were an essential factor to the development of the musical production style and sound engineering technique known as the Nashville Sound. In the two decades the studio was in operation, RCA Studio B produced 60 percent of the Billboard magazine's Country chart hits.

The studio closed in 1977. Since 1992 the studio has been under the ownership of the Country Music Hall of Fame, which offers scheduled tours of the facilities.
Erchempert
Erchempert (Latin: Erchempertus; fl.  888–889) was a Benedictine monk of the Abbey of Monte Cassino in Italy in the final quarter of the ninth century. He chronicled a history of the Lombard Principality of Benevento, in the Langobardia Minor, giving an especially vivid account of the violence in southern Langobardia. Beginning with Duke Arechis II (758–787) and the Carolingian conquest of Benevento, his history, titled the Historia Langobardorum Beneventanorum degentium (The History of the Lombards living in Benevento), stops abruptly in the winter of 888–889. Just one medieval manuscript of this text survives, from the early fourteenth century.

Principality of Benevento
The Principality of Benevento was the sole Lombard territory (former Duchy of Benevento) which continued to exist as a rump state, maintaining its de facto independence after the fall of the Kingdom of the Lombards at the hands of the Franks. Benevento dwindled in size in the early 11th century, and was completely captured by the Norman Robert Guiscard in 1053.
Pulai Springs Malaysian Masters
The Pulai Springs Malaysian Masters was a golf tournament on the Asian Tour that was held at the Pulai Springs Resort in Johor, Malaysia. It was played only once, in 2006, and was won by South African Anton Haig. The tournament was scheduled to return in 2007, but it was later removed from the tour schedule.

Asian Tour
The Asian Tour is the principal men's professional golf tour in Asia except for Japan (which has its own Japan Golf Tour). It is also a full member of the International Federation of PGA Tours. Official money events on the tour count for Official World Golf Ranking points.

The Asian Tour is administered from Singapore. It is controlled by a board with a majority of professional golfers, and a Tournament Players Committee of its player members, supported by an executive team. The chairman of the board is the Indonesian businessman Jimmy Masrin.
Estero Llano Grande State Park
Estero Llano Grande State Park is a 230 acres (93 ha) state park in Hidalgo County, Texas, United States. The park opened in 2006 and is managed the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Estero Llano Grande is a prime spot for birdwatching with more than 350 species documented.

Texas Parks and Wildlife Department
The Texas Parks & Wildlife Department (TPWD) is a Texas state agency that oversees and protects wildlife and their habitats.  In addition, the agency is responsible for managing the state's parks and historical areas.  Its mission is to manage and conserve the natural and cultural resources of Texas and to provide hunting, fishing, and outdoor recreation opportunities for the use and enjoyment of present and future generations.

The agency maintains its headquarters at 4200 Smith School Road in Austin, Texas.
Requena-Utiel
Requena-Utiel (Spanish: [reˈkena uˈtjel]; Valencian: Plana d'Utiel [ˈplana ðutiˈɛl]) is a comarca currently in the province of Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain. The area was transferred to this province in 1851, as a result of a reform of the 1833 territorial division of Spain; before that it was a part of the Crown of Castile and of the former province of Cuenca. The inhabitants of the comarca have traditionally been monolingual in Spanish, i.e. they are not Valencian speakers.

Chera, now officially included in Requena-Utiel according to the current administrative division pattern of the Valencian Community, was geographically and historically part of Los Serranos comarca.

1833 territorial division of Spain
The 1833 territorial division of Spain divided the country into provinces, in turn classified into "historic regions" (Spanish: regiones históricas). This division was followed (helped by the enforcing of the 1834 Royal Statute) by the ensuing creation of provincial deputations, the government institutions for most of the provinces, remaining up to this date. Nearly all of the provinces retain roughly or precisely the 1833 borders. Conversely, many of the historic regions correspond to present-day autonomous communities.