hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anthony Coughlan
Anthony Coughlan is an Irish academic, secretary of the National Platform, and retired Senior Lecturer Emeritus in Social Policy at Trinity College, Dublin.

He has contributed to various debates in the media such as on RTÉ's Questions and Answers, both in his capacity as a lecturer and as a spokesperson for lobby groups such as the National Platform. He opposed EU enlargement and EU treaties such as the Single European Act, Maastricht Treaty, Amsterdam Treaty, Nice Treaty, Nice Treaty re-run and the Lisbon Treaty.

He made contributions to the post-Lisbon Treaty debate and made submissions to the Oireachtas Committee on Europe on behalf of the National Platform.

Questions and Answers (TV programme)
Questions and Answers is a topical debate television programme broadcast in Ireland for 23 years between 1986 and 2009.

Similar in format to the BBC television programme Question Time, it originally aired on Sunday nights but later moved to Monday nights when it was usually shown at 10.30 pm. The first two series were presented by Olivia O'Leary; however, John Bowman took over as chairperson for all subsequent series.

Broadcast on RTÉ One, the show typically featured politicians from large political parties as well as public figures who answered questions put to them by the audience.  The final edition aired on 29 June 2009. Director-General of RTÉ Cathal Goan described the programme as an "integral part of the national conversation for over 20 years". It was replaced by The Frontline, a series hosted by Pat Kenny.
Park Road Allotments
51°28′19″N 0°19′16″W﻿ / ﻿51.472°N 0.321°W﻿ / 51.472; -0.321

Park Road Allotments are allotments in Old Isleworth.  They were managed by the local council who rented the land from the estate of the Duke of Northumberland.   The allotments are recognised as an asset of community value but, in 2015 when the 100-year lease expired, they were threatened by redevelopment by the Duke, who proposed to build flats and houses upon the site while providing allotment space in nearby Syon Park.  These plans were opposed by local parties such as the Isleworth Society and, on 20 June 2017, the planning committee of Hounslow council rejected them.  The matter was then appealed and a public inquiry started on 9 October 2018.

Ralph Percy, 12th Duke of Northumberland
Ralph George Algernon Percy, 12th Duke of Northumberland, DL (born 16 November 1956), styled Lord Ralph Percy until 1995, is a British hereditary peer and rural landowner and head of the House of Percy.
Muntjac
Muntjacs (/mʌntdʒæk/ ⓘ MUNT-jak), also known as the barking deer or rib-faced deer, are small deer of the genus Muntiacus native to South Asia and Southeast Asia. Muntjacs are thought to have begun appearing 15–35 million years ago, with remains found in Miocene deposits in France, Germany and Poland. Most are listed as least-concern species or Data Deficient by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), although others such as the black muntjac, Bornean yellow muntjac, and giant muntjac are vulnerable, near threatened, and critically endangered, respectively.

Near-threatened species
A near-threatened species is a species which has been categorized as "Near Threatened" (NT) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as that may be vulnerable to endangerment in the near future, but it does not currently qualify for the threatened status.

The IUCN notes the importance of reevaluating near-threatened taxa at appropriate intervals.

The rationale used for near-threatened taxa usually includes the criteria of vulnerable which are plausible or nearly met, such as reduction in numbers or range. Those designated since 2001 that depend on conservation efforts to not become threatened are no longer separately considered conservation-dependent species.
Chimney Sweepers Regulation Act 1864
The Chimney Sweepers Regulation Act 1864 (27 & 28 Vict. c. 37) was a British Act of Parliament that amended the Chimney Sweepers and Chimneys Regulation Act 1840 passed to try to stop child labour. Commissioners appointed in 1862 reported that several thousand children aged between five and fourteen years, including many girls, were working for sweeps. The bill was proposed by Lord Shaftesbury.

The 1840 Act prohibited any person under the age of 21 being compelled or knowingly allowed to ascend or descend a chimney or flue for sweeping, cleaning, or coring. This was widely ignored by the master sweeps and the homeowners. This Act proposed stiff fines and imprisonment for non-compliant master sweeps. It gave the police power to arrest sweeps thought to be breaking the law, and gave Board of Health inspectors the authority to examine new or remodelled chimneys.

Flue
A flue is a pipe, or opening in a chimney for conveying exhaust gases from a fireplace, furnace, water heater, boiler, or generator to the outdoors. Historically the term flue meant the chimney itself.  In the United States, they are also known as vents for boilers and as breeching for water heaters and modern furnaces. They usually operate by buoyancy, also known as the stack effect, or the combustion products may be "induced" via a blower. As combustion products contain carbon monoxide and other dangerous compounds, proper "draft", and admission of replacement air is imperative. Building codes, and other standards, regulate their materials, design, and installation.
Gedunk bar
A Gedunk bar or geedunk bar (/ˈɡiːdʌŋk/ GHEE-dunk) is the canteen or snack bar of a large vessel of the United States Navy or the United States Coast Guard. The term in this sense was first recorded in Leatherneck Magazine in 1931. A service member who works in the geedunk is traditionally referred to only as that "geedunk guy" or "geedunk girl", or more informally as a "geedunkaroo". The term was popular during World War II.

Cafeteria
A cafeteria, called canteen outside the U.S., is a type of food service location in which there is no waiting staff table service. Cafeterias are different from coffeehouses, although the English term came from the Spanish term cafetería, which carries the same meaning.

Instead of table service, there are food-serving counters/stalls or booths, either in a line or allowing arbitrary walking paths. Customers take the food that they desire as they walk along, placing it on a tray. In addition, there are often stations where customers order food, particularly items such as hamburgers or tacos.

Customers are either charged a flat rate for admission (as in a buffet) or pay at check-out for each item. Some self-service cafeterias charge by the weight of items on a customer's plate. In universities and colleges some students pay by making a single large payment for the entire academic term.
Take It All (song)
"Take It All" is a song written by Maury Yeston for the 2009 musical film Nine, a film adaptation of the musical Nine. The song is performed by Luisa Contini (Marion Cotillard). It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song at the 82nd Academy Awards. The official music video for the song has over 2 million views on YouTube.

Academy Award for Best Original Song
The Academy Award for Best Original Song is one of the awards given annually to people working in the motion picture industry by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is presented to the songwriters who have composed the best original song written specifically for a film. The performers of a song are not credited with the Academy Award unless they contributed either to music, lyrics, or both in their own right. The songs that are nominated for this award are typically performed during the ceremony and before this award is presented.

The award category was introduced at the 7th Academy Awards, the ceremony honoring the best in film for 1934. Nominations are made by Academy members who are songwriters and composers, and the winners are chosen by the Academy membership as a whole. Fifteen songs are shortlisted before nominations are announced.
Sándor Hatvany-Deutsch
Baron Sándor Hatvany-Deutsch (12 November 1852 – 18 February 1913) was a leading Hungarian Jewish industrialist, business magnate, philanthropist, investor and art patron. He led the family's sugar company with its factories Nagy-Surányi Cukorgyár és Finomító Rt. (est. 1854, Nagysurány), Hatvani Cukorgyár Rt. (est. 1889, Hatvan), Oroszkai Cukorgyár Rt. (est. 1893, Oroszka), Vas megyei Cukorgyár Rt. (est. 1895, Sárvár) and the Alföldi Cukorgyár Rt. (est. 1910, Sarkad) which made him one of the wealthiest persons in Austria-Hungary. He founded in 1902 with Ferenc Chorin the National Alliance of Industrialists (Gyáriparosok Országos Szövetsége (GYOSZ)) and was the first vice president of the association. According to Forbes he was the 4th richest person in Hungary on the turn of the 19th century with a net worth of 25–30 million Hungarian pengő.

Sárvár
47°15′N 16°56′E﻿ / ﻿47.250°N 16.933°E﻿ / 47.250; 16.933

Sárvár (German: Kotenburg or Rotenturm an der Raab; Latin: Bassiana; Slovene: Mala Sela) is a town in Vas County, Hungary.

Sárvár lies on the banks of the River Rába at Kemeneshát. The population is nearly 16,000. The town has become a tourist centre of international renown.
Siege of San Sebastián
The siege of San Sebastián took place between 7 July and 8 September 1813, during the Peninsular War. Allied British and Portuguese forces under the command of Thomas Graham captured the city by assault after a lengthy siege, which followed a failed earlier siege and attack under the lead of Arthur Wellesley, Marquess of Wellington. The successful assault carried out by Graham forced the surrender of the defending French garrison under Louis Emmanuel Rey. Having broken into the town during the final assault, the allied soldiers rampaged out of control through San Sebastián, abusing and murdering many of its civilian inhabitants and setting fire to many of the city's buildings.

Urumea
The Urumea (Basque: [uˈɾumea] or [uɾuˈmea], stemming from Basque "ur" 'water' + "me(he)a" 'thin') is a river in the Basque Country at the north of the Iberian Peninsula. It is one of a series of Basque rivers flowing into the Bay of Biscay (Atlantic basin) and is best known for being the river flowing towards the sea by the city of San Sebastián.
George Young (surgeon and botanist)
George Young (died 1803) was a British military surgeon and botanist who served as the first superintendent of the botanic gardens in Kingstown, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. The naturalist John Ellis, in his book Some Additional Observations on the Method of Preserving Seeds from Foreign Parts (London, 1773) described Young as "principal surgeon to the [St. Vincent military] hospital, whose indefatigable zeal in collecting and propagating a variety of the most valuable plants, is known to all the curious botanists about London." Young's noteworthy efforts in cultivating a variety of tropical plants important for the economy of the British colonies was recognized by the Royal Society of Arts in 1774, which awarded him a gold medal for his work. Named as one of the pupils of the botanist John Hope in the later's entry in the ODNB.

Kingstown
Kingstown /ˈkɪŋsˌtaʊn/ is the capital and largest city of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. The city, located on the main island of Saint Vincent, has the main port and the biggest commercial center of the islands. With a population of 12,909 (2012), Kingstown is the most populous settlement in the country. It is the island's agricultural industry centre and a port of entry for tourists. The city lies within the parish of Saint George in the south-west corner of Saint Vincent.
2025 Queensland International III – Men's doubles
Joshua Charlton and Patrick Harper were the defending champions but only Charlton chose to defend his title, partnering Colin Sinclair. They lost in the semifinals to Anirudh Chandrasekar and Reese Stalder.

Matt Hulme and Kody Pearson won the title after defeating Chandrasekar and Stalder 7–6(7–5), 3–6, [10–6] in the final.

Kody Pearson
Kody Pearson (born 26 July 1999) is an Australian tennis player.

Pearson has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 790 achieved on 11 December 2023 and a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 187 achieved on 17 November 2025.

Pearson has won one ATP Challenger doubles title at the 2025 Queensland International III.

Pearson played college tennis at Tulsa.
Patricia O'Brien
Patricia O'Brien (born 8 February 1957)is Ambassador of Ireland to Italy. She served as Ambassador to France and to Monaco from 2017 to 2021. She had served from 2013 as the Permanent Representative (Ambassador) of Ireland to the United Nations and other international organization at Geneva.

From 2008 to 2013, she served as Legal Counsel and Under-Secretary-General for Legal Affairs at the United Nations, the first ever woman to hold that position. In this role, she led the United Nations Office of Legal Affairs. She was appointed by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon in August 2008.

Prior to joining the UN, O'Brien served as Legal Adviser to the Department of Foreign Affairs in Ireland since 2003. Previously, she was a Senior Legal Adviser in the Office of the Attorney General of Ireland and Legal Counsellor at the Irish Permanent Representation to the European Union in Brussels.

O’Brien has three children.

Attorney General of Ireland
The attorney general of Ireland (Irish: An tArd-Aighne) is a constitutional officer who is the legal adviser to the Government and is therefore the chief law officer of the State. The attorney general is not a member of the Government but does participate in cabinet meetings when invited and attends government meetings. The current attorney general is Rossa Fanning, SC.
Gymnasium Jur Hronec
Gymnázium Jura Hronca (GJH) is a gymnasium (grammar school) in Bratislava, Slovakia.

The school focuses on the study of natural sciences, mathematics, and computer sciences. However, its affiliation with the International Baccalaureate, an active bi-lingual (English – Slovak) programme and the option to study several foreign languages such as French and German, the school has a strong reputation for the study of foreign languages.

In the school year 2005/2006, GJH launched lower programs of IB Primary Years Programme and IB Middle Years Programme.

The school has been recently known as the "Spojená škola Gymnázium Jura Hronca a ZŠ Košická" (United school of the Gymnázium Jura Hronca and the Košická Primary School) after a merge with the primary school Základná škola a osemročné gymnázium Košická sharing the same building.

IB Primary Years Programme
The International Baccalaureate Primary Years Programme (PYP) is an educational programme managed by the International Baccalaureate (IB) for students aged 3 to 12. While the programme prepares students for the IB Middle Years Programme, it is not a prerequisite for it. The subject areas of the PYP are language, social studies, mathematics, science, technology, arts; personal, social and physical education. Students are required to learn a second language during the programme. Assessment is carried out by teachers according to strategies provided by the IB and concerning guidelines to what the students should learn specified in the curriculum model.
Evans–Cooper House
The Evans–Cooper House, also known as the David Evans House, is located along North Elmwood Road in the Pine Grove section of Evesham Township in Burlington County, New Jersey, United States. The oldest part of the house was built around 1800 and features Federal architecture. The historic brick house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 26, 1993, for its significance in architecture. It was listed as part of the Historic Resources of Evesham Township, New Jersey, Multiple Property Submission (MPS).

The house was expanded in 1810 and in 1856, adding Second Empire features. The property also includes a wood frame barn. According to the nomination form, the house was likely built by John Evans. His son, David Evans, lived here. His daughter, Lydia Evans, married Benjamin Cooper in 1859. She later inherited the property. In 1975, the township purchased it.

Second Empire architecture in the United States and Canada
Second Empire architecture in the United States and Canada is an architectural style that was popular in both nations in the late 19th century between 1865 and 1900. Second Empire architecture was influenced by the redevelopment in the mid-19th century of ancient Paris, the capital city of France, under former President of the French Republic (1848–1852), and later Emperor Napoleon III's Second French Empire (1852–1870), and was influenced partly by the architectural styles of the earlier French Renaissance (15th to 17th centuries).

Second Empire architecture is typically characterized by a mansard roof, elaborate ornament, and a strong massing. It was common in public buildings, commercial buildings, and some residential structures.
Libantè
Libantè  is a town and arrondissement in the Alibori Department of northeastern Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Ségbana. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 10,365.

Alibori Department
Alibori [a.li.bɔ.ʁi] is the largest and northernmost department (French: département) of Benin. Externally the department borders the countries of Burkina Faso, Niger, and Nigeria, and internally the departments of Atakora and Borgou. The department of Alibori was created in 1999 when it was split off from Borgou Department and is named after the Alibori River.

As of 2013, the total population of the department was 867,463, with 431,357 males and 436,106 females. The proportion of women was 50.30%. The total rural population was 75.70%, while the urban population was 24.30%. The total labour force in the department was 201,622, of which 25.40% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 83.70%.
Aguerd
Aguerd is a small town and rural commune in Essaouira Province of the Marrakesh-Safi region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 4,917 people living in 990 households.

Temperatures range from around 20 °C to 47 °C, however will often halve or more during the night; rain is extremely rare, however occasionally occurs throughout October to February.

Essaouira Province
Essaouira (Arabic: إقليم الصويرة) is a province in the Moroccan region of Marrakesh-Safi. Its population in 2024 was 425,449

The major cities and towns are:

Ait Daoud

El Hanchane

Essaouira

Ounagha

Smimou

Tafetachte

Talmest

Tamanar
Blackfin darter
The blackfin darter (Etheostoma nigripinne) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the eastern United States where it occurs in the Tennessee River drainage, being found from the Paint Rock River to the Duck River system.  It is an inhabitant of small rivers and creeks, living in small pools and nearby riffles.  This species can reach a length of 8.8 centimetres (3.5 in) TL.

Tennessee River
The Tennessee River is a 652 mi (1,049 km) long river located in the southeastern United States. Flowing through the Tennessee Valley in the states of Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, and Kentucky, it begins at the confluence of French Broad and Holston rivers at Knoxville, and drains into the Ohio River near Paducah, Kentucky. It is the largest tributary of the Ohio, and drains a basin of 40,876 sq mi (105,870 km2).

Its tributary, the Little Tennessee River, flows into it from Western North Carolina and northeastern Georgia.
Stanisław Sołdek
Stanisław Sołdek (12 May 1916 – 15 June 1970) was a Polish shock worker, labor leader, a Gdańsk Shipyard marker, and a graduate of the Gdańsk University of Technology.

Stanisław Sołdek was born in 1916 in the village of Oleksów near Radom, from where, at the age of two, he moved with his family to Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki. Before World War II, he worked at the Modlin Shipyard of Państwowe Zakłady Inżynierii. He was also an employee of the Płock River Shipyard in Radziwi. After the war, he moved to Gdańsk. In the years 1952–1956 he was a member of the Sejm of the first term on behalf of the Polish United Workers' Party. After completing his secondary education, in 1950 he began studies at the Shipbuilding Department of the Gdańsk University of Technology, and in 1956 he became a master of ship engineer. In May 1963, he was appointed managing director of the Wisła Shipyard.

Gdańsk University of Technology
The Gdańsk University of Technology (Gdańsk Tech, formerly GUT; Polish: Politechnika Gdańska) is a public research university in Gdańsk, Poland. Founded in 1904 and re-established in 1945, it is the oldest university of technology in modern-day Poland. It is consistently ranked among the leading universities in the country.

The university comprises eight academic faculties that provide higher education in 40 fields of study across 14 scientific disciplines. Its campus, located in the Wrzeszcz borough of Gdańsk, covers an area of 80 hectares (200 acres). As of 2023, the university had 15,622 students, including 11,490 undergraduates, 3,644 postgraduates and 488 doctoral students.

The Gdańsk University of Technology has an international institutional accreditation, EUA-IEP (European University Association-Institutional Evaluation Programme).
1st Banino
1st Banino or Pervoye Banino (Russian: 1-е Банино, Первое Банино) is a rural locality (Russian: село, lit. 'village') in Baninsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Fatezhsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  164 (2010 Census); 184 (2002 Census);

Fatezh
Fatezh (Russian: Фате́ж) is a town and the administrative center of Fatezhsky District in Kursk Oblast, Russia, located on the Usozha River 45 kilometers (28 mi) north of Kursk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 4,691 (2021 census); 5,404 (2010 census); 5,710 (2002 census); 5,712 (1989 Soviet census). 4,959 (1897).
Stingray use in United States law enforcement
The use of stingrays by United States law enforcement is an investigative technique used by both federal and local law enforcement in the United States to obtain information from cell phones by mimicking a cell phone tower. The devices which accomplish this are generically known as IMSI-catchers, but are commonly called stingrays, a brand sold by the Harris Corporation.

Baltimore Police Department
The Baltimore Police Department (BPD) is the municipal police department of the city of Baltimore, Maryland. Dating back to 1784, the BPD, consisting of 2,935 employees in 2020, is organized into nine districts covering 80.9 square miles (210 km2) of land and 11.1 square miles (29 km2) of waterways. The department is sometimes referred to as the Baltimore City Police Department to distinguish it from the Baltimore County Police Department.
Urosthenes
Urosthenes is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Lopingian (late Permian) to Middle Triassic epochs in what is now New South Wales, Australia.

The type species is U. australis, described from Middle Triassic deposits. The second species, U. latus, was found in Permian (Wuchiapingian?) aged rock layers and was first described in 1931 by Arthur Smith Woodward, based on a specimen found in Lithgow, New South Wales.

Wuchiapingian
In the geologic timescale, the Wuchiapingian or Wujiapingian (from Chinese: 吴家坪; pinyin: Wújiāpíng; lit. 'Wu Family Flatland' in the Liangshan area of Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province 33°03′59″N 107°01′24″E﻿ / ﻿33.0664°N 107.0232°E﻿ / 33.0664; 107.0232) is an age or stage of the Permian. It is also the lower or earlier of two subdivisions of the Lopingian Epoch or Series. The Wuchiapingian spans the time between 259.51 and 254.14 million years ago (Ma). It was preceded by the Capitanian and followed by the Changhsingian.

Regional stages with which the Wuchiapingian is coeval or overlaps include the Djulfian or Dzhulfian, Longtanian, Rustlerian, Saladoan, and Castilian.