hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wang Chen (figure skater)
Wang Chen (Chinese: 王晨; pinyin: Wáng Chén; born June 19, 1986, in Harbin, Heilongjiang) is a Chinese former competitive ice dancer. He competed with Yu Xiaoyang. They are four-time Chinese national champions (2006, 2008, 2010, and 2013), as well as two-time bronze medalists at the Asian Winter Games. Their best score at the Four Continents Figure Skating Competition is 7th place, and at the World Championships is 18th.

Asian Winter Games
The Asian Winter Games (AWG) is an international multi-sport event held every four years for members of the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) featuring winter events. The Japanese Olympic Committee first suggested creating a winter version of the Asian Games in 1982. Their efforts were rewarded when they received hosting rights for the first edition, held in Sapporo in 1986, as the city had the infrastructure and expertise gained from hosting of the 1972 Winter Olympics.

From having only seven OCA member nations participate in the first edition, the number of competing nations in the Winter Asiad has grown consistently. In the 2007 Asian Winter Games in Changchun, 27 out of the 45 members fielded a record number of competitors, while all 45 National Olympic Committees sent delegations for the first time in AWG history.

Although games were considered for Lebanon in 2009, they were ultimately cancelled. The next edition is scheduled to be held in Almaty, Kazakhstan.
1837 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1837.

Animal track
An animal track is an imprint left behind in soil, snow, or mud, or on some other ground surface, by an animal walking across it. Animal tracks are used by hunters in tracking their prey and by naturalists to identify animals living in a given area.
79th Guards Rocket Artillery Brigade
The 79th Guards Rocket Artillery Brigade (abbreviated in Russian as 79 gv. reabr), Military Unit Number (Войсковая часть) 53956, is an artillery (Multiple rocket launcher) formation of the Russian Ground Forces. It is stationed in Tver. As of 2014 the unit held approximately 300 men (most likely contract servicemen) mostly from Tver Oblast and other neighboring oblasts. This unit holds the Russian MRL "Smerch", and in 2014 the unit was meant to get the successor to the "Smerch" the "Tornado" which is more precise then it's predecessor thanks to satellite technology as well as having a range of 1000km (~600 miles). In September 2014 evidence showed that the brigade may have moved closer to the Ukrainian border at Millerovo Airfield in Rostov Oblast.

Tornado (multiple rocket launcher)
The Tornado is a family of multiple rocket launchers of 122 to 300mm calibre developed by NPO Splav for the Russian Ground Forces with the aim to replace previous multiple rocket launchers. Variants of the system, which include the Tornado-G and Tornado-S models, have different capabilities and roles in the battlefield. The Tornado is designed primarily to fire cluster munitions but also can be used to fire thermobaric warheads.
Eduard Rhein
Eduard Rudolph Rhein (23 August 1900, Königswinter – 15 April 1993, Cannes) was an inventor, publisher, and writer. He was the founder of the German magazine Hörzu, which he directed as its editor-in-chief until 1964. He also founded the largest European foundation for information technology, the Eduard Rhein Foundation (1976).

He published under the pseudonyms Hans-Ulrich Horster, Klaus Hellmer, Klaus Hellborn, Adrian Hülsen and Claude Borell. In 1940 he published a book titled Du und die Elektrizität.

In 1990 he received the freedom of the city Königswinter.

Victor Tourjansky
Victor Tourjansky (Russian: Виктор Туржанский 4 March 1891 – 13 August 1976), born Vyacheslav Konstantinovich Turzhansky (Russian: Вячеслав Константинович Туржанский), was a Russian actor, screenwriter and film director who emigrated after the Russian Revolution of 1917. He worked in France, Germany, Italy, and the United States.
Battle of Theemuhta
The Battle of Theemuhta was an engagement that took place during the current Myanmar civil war in the Hpapun District, the Karen National Union raided the Theemuhta military base and wiped out the State Administration Council defenders.

Hpapun District
Hpapun District (Phlone ဖါပံင်ခြိုင့်; Burmese: ဖာပွန်ခရိုင်) or Mutraw District (S'gaw Karen: မူထြီကီၢ်ရ့ၣ်) is a district of the Karen State in Myanmar. Area 6.722,5 km2. The principal town is Hpapun. According to 2014 Myanmar Census, the total population in Hpapun District is 35,085.
Kaigara Terrace
Kaigara Terrace (貝殻テラス, Kaigara Terasu; Seashell Terrace) is the third studio album by Japanese singer Yōko Oginome. Released through Victor Entertainment on September 5, 1985, the album features the singles "Koishite Caribbean" and "Kokoro no Mama ni (I'm Just a Lady)". Yasushi Akimoto handled majority of the album's lyrics. It was reissued on March 24, 2010 with four bonus tracks as part of Oginome's 25th anniversary celebration.

The album peaked at No. 27 on Oricon's albums chart and sold over 20,000 copies.

Victor Entertainment
Victor Entertainment, Inc. (ビクターエンタテインメント株式会社, Bikutā Entateinmento kabushiki-gaisha) is a subsidiary of JVCKenwood that produces and distributes music, movies and other entertainment products such as anime and television shows in Japan. It is known as JVC Entertainment in countries where Sony Music Entertainment operates the RCA Victor label.
Stephen Hoadley
Stephen John Hoadley (born 7 July 1955) is a former English cricketer.  Hoadley was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break.  He was born at Pembury, Kent.

Hoadley made his first-class debut for Sussex against Warwickshire in the 1975 County Championship.  He made six further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Kent in the 1976 County Championship. In his seven first-class matches, he scored a total of 202 runs at an average of 18.36, with a high score of 58. This score was one of two fifties he made and came against Hampshire in 1975. Hoadley also made three List A appearances for Sussex in the 1975 John Player League against Warwickshire, Nottinghamshire and Kent. He scored just 13 runs at an average of 6.50, with a high score of 8 in these three matches.

His brother, Simon, also played first-class and List A cricket for Sussex.

Pembury
Pembury is a large village in Kent, in the south east of England, with a population of 6,128 at the 2011 census. It lies just to the north-east of Royal Tunbridge Wells.

The village centre, including the village green and High Street area is a conservation area.
Cheick Keita (footballer, born 1996)
Cheick Keita (born 16 April 1996) is a professional footballer who plays as a left back for Italian Serie D club Vibonese.

Keita began his senior career in Italy with Virtus Entella before joining English second-tier club Birmingham City in January 2017. He spent the 2017–18 Serie A season on loan to Bologna and the following season on loan to Belgian First Division A club Eupen, and was released by Birmingham at the end of the 2019–20 season. He joined Gorica in February 2021.

Born in France, Keita represented Mali at under-20 level and has been an unused substitute for the senior team.

2017–18 Serie A
The 2017–18 Serie A (known as the Serie A TIM for sponsorship reasons) was the 116th season of top-tier Italian football, the 86th in a round-robin tournament and the 8th since its organization under a league committee separate from Serie B. Juventus were the six-time defending champions. The season ran from 19 August 2017 to 20 May 2018.

On 13 May, Juventus won a record seventh consecutive title and 34th title overall with one game remaining following their 0–0 draw with Roma.

The season was marred by the death of Davide Astori, the captain of Fiorentina, due to heart problems.
Kees van der Staaij
Cornelis Gerrit "Kees" van der Staaij (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkeːs fɑn dər ˈstaːi]; born 12 September 1968) is a Dutch former politician who served as a member of the House of Representatives from 1998 to 2023 and Leader of the Reformed Political Party (Staatkundig Gereformeerde Partij, SGP) between 2010 and 2023. As a parliamentarian, he focused on matters of judiciary, home affairs, Kingdom relations, foreign policy, the European Union, development aid, the defense, public health, welfare, sports, immigration and political asylum. Van der Staaij was the longest-serving member of the House of Representatives from 2017 until 2023.

Interior ministry
An interior ministry or ministry of the interior (also called ministry of home affairs or ministry of internal affairs) is a government department that is responsible for domestic policy, public security and law enforcement.

In some states, the interior ministry is entrusted with the functions of ensuring national security, immigration issues and protecting places of detention.

Structurally, an interior ministry is part of the highest bodies of executive power and reports directly to the head of government. In states with a federal structure, the ministry often has branches at the level of states or federal subjects.
Hanif Ghazali
Hanif bin Ghazali (Jawi: حنيف غزالي‎; born 1 January 1973) is a Malaysian politician who been served as member of the Kedah State Legislative Assembly of Tanjung Dawai, Kedah contested on the PAS ticket. He is a member of the Malaysian Islamic Party.

Kedah State Legislative Assembly
The Kedah State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Undangan Negeri Kedah) is the state legislature of the Malaysian state of Kedah. It is a unicameral institution, consisting of a total of 36 lawmakers representing single-member constituencies throughout the state.

Members of the unicameral state legislature are called state assemblymen. The Legislative Assembly building is located at the Wisma Darul Aman in the state capital, Alor Setar.

Out of the 36 seats, 33 are held by the Perikatan Nasional (PN) ruling coalition after the 2023 state election. Thus, the PN coalition  commands a two-thirds supermajority in the assembly. Meanwhile, Pakatan Harapan (PH) that comprises People's Justice Party (PKR) holds just 2 seats, followed by Democratic Action Party (DAP) which retain only single seat.
Dutch letter
The Dutch letter (also referred to as banket letter, almond letter, butter letter, and in Dutch as banketstaaf, banketletter, boterletter, and letterbanket) is a type of pastry that is typically prepared using a mixture of flour, eggs and butter or puff pastry as its base and filled with almond paste (or persipan), dusted with sugar and shaped in an "S" or other letter shape. Marzipan, an almond paste prepared with almond meal and honey or sugar, is sometimes used as the filling. The Dutch letter has a porous or airy and flaky texture.

The pastry was originally shaped "into the initial of the family's surname." Nowadays, the most common shape of the food in the United States is as the letter "S". Dutch letters are served as a treat during December, and particularly on Sinterklaasavond on December 5 in the Netherlands, and during some festivals in the United States.

Almond paste
Almond paste is made from ground almonds or almond meal and sugar in equal quantities, with small amounts of cooking oil, eggs, heavy cream or corn syrup added as a binder. It is similar to marzipan, with a coarser texture. Almond paste is used as a filling in pastries, but it can also be found in chocolates. In a type of commercially manufactured almond paste called persipan, ground apricot or peach pits are added to save money.
Báhoň
Báhoň (Hungarian: Báhony) is a village and municipality in western Slovakia in Pezinok District in the Bratislava Region. The village of roughly 1,833 people is located next to Kaplná, east of Pezinok and south-west of Trnava.

Bratislava Region
The Bratislava Region is one of the administrative regions of Slovakia. Its capital is Bratislava. The region was first established in 1923 and its present borders exist from 1996. It is the smallest of the eight regions of Slovakia as well as the most urbanized, most developed and most productive by GDP per capita.
Wisconsin's 52nd Assembly district
The 52nd Assembly district of Wisconsin is one of 99 districts in the Wisconsin State Assembly. Located in eastern Wisconsin, the district comprises part of southern Outagamie County, including most of the city of Appleton and the villages of Eden and Oakfield.  The district also contains the Fox Cities Performing Arts Center, the Fox Cities Stadium, the Appleton campus of the Fox Valley Technical College, Lawrence University, the Fox River Paper Company Historic District, the Appleton Locks 1–3 Historic District and the Appleton Lock 4 Historic District. The district is represented by Democrat Lee Snodgrass, since January 2025; Snodgrass previously represented the 57th district from 2021 to 2025.

The 52nd Assembly district is located within Wisconsin's 18th Senate district, along with the 53rd and 54th Assembly districts.

Thrivent Financial Appleton headquarters

College Avenue Historic District in downtown Appleton

Main Hall of Lawrence University

Appleton Locks 1–3 Historic District
Appleton Locks 1–3 Historic District is a historic district partly in the city of Appleton, Wisconsin. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places for its significance in transport and engineering.

The district includes three locks on the Lower Fox River:

Appleton Lock 1 in the Lower Fox River Valley, west of Oneida Street in the City of Appleton, at the river's 31.7 mile marker,

Lock 2 at the 31.5 mile marker in Appleton,

Lock 3 at the 31.3 mile marker in Appleton.

The latter two are in "Appleton Flats", an industrial area where the Fox River Paper Corporation, the Appleton Machine Company and
the Riverside Paper Company are located.  Also included are a canal, a dam, three lockshacks, three sheds, two garages and two lockkeepers' houses.
Proceedings of SPIE
Proceedings of SPIE is book series containing the conference record of the Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). The first proceedings were published in 1963. As of 2025, the series publishes roughly 16,000 papers in roughly 350 volume per year, totalling over 590,000 papers published in over 13,000 volumes.

Conference proceedings
In academia and librarianship, conference proceedings are a collection of academic papers published in the context of an academic conference or workshop. Conference proceedings typically contain the contributions made by researchers at the conference. They are the written record of the work that is presented to fellow researchers. In many fields, they are published as supplements to academic journals; in some, they are considered the main dissemination route; in others they may be considered grey literature. They are usually distributed in printed or electronic volumes, either before the conference opens or after it has closed.
Berkey Photo
Berkey Photo was an American photographic equipment distributor and photo developer that operated from 1932, when it was founded by Benjamin Berkey, until 1988, when it declared bankruptcy. Brands distributed by Berkey include Gossen, Keystone, Konica, Omega, Rodenstock, and Slik.

Konica
Konica (コニカ, Konika) was a Japanese manufacturer of, among other products, film, film cameras, camera accessories, photographic and photo-processing equipment, photocopiers, fax machines and laser printers, founded in 1873. The company merged with Japanese peer Minolta in 2003, forming Konica Minolta.
Glems
The river Glems (German pronunciation: [ɡlɛms]) is a right tributary of the river Enz in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is around 47 km (29 mi) long. The spring is located in the south-west of Stuttgart. On the way to the confluence into the Enz next to Unterriexingen (a quarter of Markgröningen) it passes the districts of Böblingen and Ludwigsburg.

The river Glems gives its name to a wooded mountain range called Glemswald in the Böblingen district of Stuttgart Region.

Since 1575, water from the upper Glems is collected in the Pfaffensee reservoir and redirected towards Stuttgart through a tunnel. First it was discharged in the Nesenbach, since 1874 into municipal waterworks.

Ludwigsburg (district)
Landkreis Ludwigsburg is a Landkreis (district) in the middle of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Heilbronn, Rems-Murr-Kreis, the district-free city Stuttgart, and the districts Böblingen and Enz-Kreis.
Ankuri Mahadev
Ankuri Mahadev is a Hindu temple located in Mahadeva in the Saptari District of Nepal. The main temple contains a Shiva Linga, along with statues of Goddess Parvati and God Hanuman in other temples. The Shiva Linga has a fist-sized dent on the top. It is said that this place was a crematorium long ago and was isolated. Some cowherds from nearby villages used to go there. They attempted to bring the Shiva Linga to their homes several times, but it would mysteriously return to its original place. It is also said that whoever tried to take the Shiva Linga home would suffer misfortune, with a family member becoming ill or even dying. Later, the master of the cowherds heard about this and built a temple for the Shiva Linga on the same spot.

It is a well-known pilgrimage  site for Lord Shiva devotees, and every year, large fairs are held during festivals like Shivaratri and Anant Chaturdashi. It is also a holy place to perform sacred yajnas.

Mahadeva Rural Municipality
Mahadeva is a rural municipality formerly, village development committee in Saptari District in the Sagarmatha Zone of south-eastern Nepal. It is located on the eastern side of the district headquarter Rajbiraj. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 5,187 people living in 1,135 individual households.
34th Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 34th Armoured Brigade was an armoured brigade of the British Army that fought in the Second World War. It was formed in 1941 as the 34th Army Tank Brigade and renamed as the 34th Tank Brigade in February 1945, becoming part of the 79th Armoured Division. It was equipped with Churchill tanks and provided close support for assaults by the infantry. During the fighting in North-west Europe from July 1944 to May 1945 the brigade served with the First Canadian Army and the British Second Army. The brigade was disbanded in early 1946.

Armoured warfare
Armoured warfare is the use of armoured fighting vehicles in modern warfare. It is a major component of modern methods of war. The premise of armoured warfare rests on the ability of troops to penetrate conventional defensive lines through use of manoeuvre by armoured units.

Much of the application of armoured warfare depends on the use of tanks and related vehicles used by other supporting arms such as infantry fighting vehicles, self-propelled artillery, and other combat vehicles, as well as mounted combat engineers and other support units. The doctrine of armoured warfare was developed to break the static nature of World War I trench warfare on the Western Front, and return to the 19th century school of thought that advocated manoeuvre and decisive battle outcomes in military strategy.
Abu Hafs Umar bin Yahya
Abu Hafs Umar bin Yahya (Arabic: أبو حفص عمر) (also known as Al-Mustansir II) was the Hafsid caliph of Ifriqiya (1284–1295).

After restoring Hafsid rule interrupted by the usurper Ibn Abi Umara (1283–1284), Abu Hafs Umar sought to rebuild the state in the face of invasions and challenges to his authority. He was however unable to prevent the division of Hafsid territories. During the period when the Hafsids had been driven out of Tunis by Ibn Abi Umara, Zakariyya, a nephew of Abu Hafs Umar I, conquered Bejaïa with the support of local tribes and later also gained control of Constantine. In 1285 Zakariyya also attacked Tunis and Tripoli. Although this attack was neutralized by an alliance between Abu Hafs Umar I and the Zayyanids of Tlemcen, Constantine and Bejaïa became independent of the rule of from Tunis. Abu Hafs Umar I died in 1295.

Zayyanid dynasty
The Zayyanid dynasty or Ziyanids (Arabic: زيانيون, Ziyāniyyūn) or Abd al-Wadids (Arabic: بنو عبد الواد, Bānu ʿAbd āl-Wād) was a Berber Zenata dynasty that ruled the Kingdom of Tlemcen, mainly in modern Algeria centered on the town of Tlemcen in northwest Algeria. The Zayyanid dynasty's rule lasted from 1235 to 1557.
Heraclea (Elis)
37°41′15″N 21°34′25″E﻿ / ﻿37.687483°N 21.573479°E﻿ / 37.687483; 21.573479
Heraclea, Heracleia, or Herakleia (Ancient Greek: Ἡράκλεια) was a town of Pisatis in ancient Elis, distant 40 or 50 stadia from Olympia. It was but a village in the time of Pausanias. It contained medicinal waters issuing from a fountain sacred to the Ionic nymphs, and flowing into the neighbouring stream called Cytherus or Cytherius, which is the brook near the modern village of Irakleia (formerly called Brouma or Bruma).

The location of Heracleia is near the village of Irakleia.

Stadion (unit)
The stadion (plural stadia, Ancient Greek: στάδιον; latinized as stadium; also anglicized as stade), was an ancient Greek unit of length, consisting of 600 ancient Greek feet (podes). There are a range of varieties or understandings of what a stadion was and is; these have been calculated by various historians, and those calculations have varied dramatically (as did perhaps the use and meaning of the term stadion over time in ancient Greece). Thus, the exact length of one stadion is not universally agreed upon today: historians estimate it at between 150 and 210 m (490 and 690 ft), with perhaps something of a convergence around the 185 metres (607 ft) length of an Attic stade.
Gifford baronets
There have been two baronetcies created for persons with the surname Gifford, one in the Baronetage of England and one in the Baronetage of Ireland. Both creations are extinct.

The Gifford Baronetcy, of Burstall in the County of Leicester, was created in the Baronetage of England on 21 November 1660 for Henry Gifford. The title became extinct on the death of the second Baronet in 1736.

The Gifford Baronetcy, of Castle Jordan in County Meath, was created in the Baronetage of Ireland on 4 March 1661 for Thomas Gifford. The title became extinct on his death in 1662. However, he had male heirs and Castle Jordan remained in the Gifford family until the nineteenth century.

Castlejordan, County Meath
Castlejordan (Irish: Caisleán Shiurdáin) is a village and townland in County Meath, Ireland. It is located in the south of the county, close to the border with County Offaly, to the south of Kinnegad. The townland of Castlejordan has an area of approximately 2.2 square kilometres (0.85 sq mi), and had a population of 85 people as of the 2011 census.
Malle Maltis
Malle Maltis (born 11 March 1977 in Tallinn) is an Estonian composer. She currently teaches composition and electronic music at the Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre and has been a music director at the Estonian Drama Theatre since 2013. She is also a member of the Estonian Composers' Union.

Estonian Composers' Union
Estonian Composers' Union (abbreviation ECU; Estonian: Eesti Heliloojate Liit) is an Estonian creative union which encompasses professional composers and musicologists in Estonia. The chairman of ECU is Märt-Matis Lill.

Since 2005, ECU is a member of the International Society of Contemporary Music (ISCM).

As of 2021, ECU has 120 members.