hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Greig (politician)
William Greig (August 12, 1840 – January 10, 1918) was a farmer, lumber merchant and political figure in Quebec. He represented Châteauguay in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1892 to 1897 as a Conservative.

He was born in Howick, Lower Canada, the son of William Greig and Janet Brodie, and was educated there. Greig also operated a sawmill. In 1879, he married Janet Templeton. He was defeated by Joseph-Émery Robidoux when he ran for a seat in the Quebec assembly in 1890. He defeated Robidoux to win the seat in 1892 but lost again to Robidoux in 1897 when he ran for reelection. Greig also ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the House of Commons in 1900. He died in Ormstown at the age of 77.

Ormstown
Ormstown is a municipality in Quebec, Canada, which is situated on the Châteauguay River in the heart of the Châteauguay Valley. It is approximately one hour southwest of Montreal and 20 minutes north of New York State in the United States. The population as of the 2021 Canadian census was 3,917.

Ormstown has two elementary schools, one high school (Chateauguay Valley Regional), and two adult education facilities, several restaurants and churches. Ormstown is also well known for its numerous antique dealers and unique gift shops. There is a park north of the centre of town which is home to Ormstown Beach, an urban legend created and memorialized in the 1970s with "I've been to Ormstown Beach" bumper stickers. It is a popular summer activity to cycle along the Châteauguay River. The town has traces of an old dam, which was once the source of power for the mill. People living outside the town only gained access to electricity following World War II.
Virtual manipulatives for mathematics
Virtual manipulatives for mathematics are digital representations of physical mathematics manipulatives used in classrooms. The goal of this technology is to allow learners to investigate, explore and derive mathematical concepts using concrete models.

Common manipulatives include base ten blocks, coins, 3D blocks, tangrams, rulers, fraction bars, algebra tiles, geoboards, geometric planes, and solid figures.

Classroom
A classroom, schoolroom or lecture room is a learning space in which both children and adults learn. Classrooms are found in educational institutions of all kinds, ranging from preschools to universities, and may also be found in other places where education or training is provided, such as corporations and religious and humanitarian organizations. The classroom provides a space where learning can take place uninterrupted by outside distractions.
International Studies Review
The International Studies Review is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Studies Association. Current editors-in-chief are Sumit Ganguly and Hussein Banai (Indiana University). The journal covers research in international studies. It was established in 1957 as Mershon International Studies Review and obtained its current title in 1999, with volume numbering restarting at 1.

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2018 impact factor of 2.076, ranking it 47th out of 176 journals in the category "Political Science" and 19th out of 91 journals in the category "International Relations".

Sumit Ganguly
Sumit Ganguly is an American political scientist. He is a senior fellow at the Hoover Institution and a professor of political science at Indiana University and currently holds that University's Rabindranath Tagore Chair in Indian Cultures and Civilizations, focusing on comparative politics in South Asia.

Ganguly completed his undergraduate degree at Berea College in 1977, his master's degree from Miami University in 1978, and his Ph.D. in political science at the University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign in 1984. Prior to being appointed at Indiana University, he taught at Michigan State University, Hunter College, Columbia University, and the University of Texas at Austin.

Ganguly was a founding editor of the journals India Review and Asian Security.
Bukowiec, Sieradz County
Bukowiec [buˈkɔvjɛt͡s] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brąszewice, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north-east of Brąszewice, 19 km (12 mi) south-west of Sieradz, and 73 km (45 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Sieradz
Sieradz [ˈɕɛrat͡s] ⓘ (Latin: Siradia) is a city on the Warta river in central Poland with 40,891 inhabitants (2021). It is the seat of the Sieradz County, situated in the Łódź Voivodeship. Sieradz is a capital of the historical Sieradz Land.

Sieradz is one of the oldest cities in Poland. It was an important city of medieval Poland, thrice being a location for the election of the Polish monarchs. Polish Kings chaired six assemblies from here. Historically, it was the capital of the Duchy of Sieradz (1263-1339), Sieradz Voivodeship (1339–1793), and Sieradz Voivodeship (1975–1998). It is located on the Route of the Heroes of the Battle of Warsaw 1920, the main highway connecting Wrocław with Łódź, Warsaw and Białystok.
Kazakh–Oirat Wars
The Kazakh–Oirat Wars were a series of wars between the Oirat Confederation and the Kazakh Khanate spanning from the mid 16th to the early 17th century. This was the prelude of the Kazakh–Dzungar Wars and the Kazakh–Kalmyk Wars, as the Kazakhs and the Oirats fought for struggle for independence or to subjugate one another during the existence of the Oirat Confederation.

Chu (river)
The Chu is a river in northern Kyrgyzstan and southern Kazakhstan. Of its total length of 1,067 kilometres (663 mi), the first 115 kilometres are in Kyrgyzstan, then for 221 kilometres the river serves as the border between Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan and the last 731 kilometres are in Kazakhstan. It is one of the longest rivers in Kyrgyzstan and in Kazakhstan. It has a drainage basin of 62,500 square kilometres (24,100 sq mi).

The Chüy Region, the northernmost and most populous administrative region of Kyrgyzstan, is named after the river; so are Chüy Avenue, the main street of the Kyrgyz capital of Bishkek and the city of Shu in Kazakhstan's Jambyl Region.
Crowds and Power
Crowds and Power (German: Masse und Macht) is a 1960 book by Elias Canetti, dealing with the dynamics of crowds and "packs" and the question of how and why crowds obey power of rulers. Canetti draws a parallel between ruling and paranoia. The book analyzes the memoirs of Daniel Paul Schreber and Sigmund Freud's book on them, and Gustave Le Bon.

The book was translated from German into English by Carol Stewart in 1962 and published by Gollancz.

Power (social and political)
In political science, power is the ability to influence or direct the actions, beliefs, or conduct of actors. Power does not exclusively refer to the threat or use of force (coercion) by one actor against another, but may also be exerted through diffuse means (such as institutions).

Power may also take structural forms, as it orders actors in relation to one another (such as distinguishing between a master and an enslaved person, a householder and their relatives, an employer and their employees, a parent and a child, a political representative and their voters, etc.), and discursive forms, as categories and language may lend legitimacy to some behaviors and groups over others. The term authority is often used for power that is perceived as legitimate or socially approved by the social structure. Scholars have distinguished between soft power and hard power.
Huansu H3
The Huansu H3 is a 7-seat MPV produced by Huansu, a brand of the Chongqing Bisu Automotive Corporation, which is closely related to Beiqi-Yinxiang, a joint venture between Beijing Auto (Beiqi) and the Yinxiang Group.

BAIC Group
Beijing Automotive Group Co., Ltd. (BAIC, formerly as Beijing Automotive Industry Corporation) is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Shunyi, Beijing. Founded in 1958, it is the sixth largest automobile manufacturer in China, with 1.723 million sales in 2021.

The company produces and sells vehicles under its own branding, such as Arcfox, Beijing, Foton Motor, Ruili Doda,  as well as under foreign-branded joint ventures such as Beijing-Benz and Beijing-Hyundai. It also produces electric vehicles under some of the previously listed brandings, including dedicated EV brands such as Arcfox. Its principal subsidiaries include the passenger car maker BAIC Motor (44.98% share); and truck, van, bus, and agricultural equipment automaker, Foton Motor. A large proportion of sales BAIC's sales is in agricultural, commercial, and military vehicles.
Pierre Thomas
Pierre Thomas could refer to:

Pierre Thomas (American football) (born 1984), American football player

Pierre Thomas (journalist), American journalist

Pierre Thomas (scholar) (1634–1698), French scholar and author

Pierre “P” Thomas (Co-founder of Quality Control Music)

Pierre Thomas (journalist)
Pierre Thomas is an American journalist. He serves as senior justice correspondent at ABC News. He has twice won an Emmy, as well as winning a Peabody Award and Dupont Award and been named “Journalist of the Year” by the National Association of Black Journalists.
Walkden (surname)
Walkden is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Walkden, 1st Baron Walkden (1873–1951), British trade union leader and Labour politician

Bianca Walkden (born 1991), British taekwondo practitioner

Christine Walkden (born 1955), British television presenter and gardener

Christopher Walkden (1938-2011), British Olympic swimmer

Evelyn Walkden (1893-1970), British politician and trade unionist

George Walkden (1883-1923), English cricketer who played first class cricket for Derbyshire

Pat Walkden (born 1946), South African female tennis player

Peter Walkden (1684–1769), English Presbyterian minister and diarist

George Walkden
George Godfrey Walkden (10 March 1883 – 16 May 1923) was an English cricketer who played first-class cricket for Derbyshire in 1905 and 1906.

Walkden was born at Derby. He made his debut for Derbyshire in the 1905 season in July against Nottinghamshire, when he made 27 runs in his first innings. He played five more matches for Derbyshire during the 1905 season making his top score of 33 against Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). His regular double figure run totals tailed off after his first three matches and he played just one match for the county in the 1906 season.

Walkden played 13 innings in seven first-class matches with an average of 8.76 and a top score of 33.

In 1908 Walkden joined the 1st Derbyshire Howitzer Battery of the Territorial Force as a Second lieutenant. In May 1923, Walkden had a motor cycle accident near Risley, Derbyshire and died at Derby Infirmary at the age of 40.
Trams in Bern
The Bern tramway network (German: Berner Strassenbahn-Netz) is a network of tramways forming part of the public transport system in Bern, the capital city of Switzerland.  In operation since 1890, it presently has five lines, one of which incorporates the Bern–Worb Dorf railway.

The trams on the network run on 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge track.  Initially, they were powered by compressed air, but from 1894, the air trams were supplemented by steam trams.  Since 1901, the trams have been powered by electricity, at 600 V DC.

The network is operated by a public transport corporation, the Städtische Verkehrsbetriebe Bern (SVB), which, since 2000, has marketed itself mainly under the trading name Bernmobil.  The SVB also operates most of Bern's motor buses, and the Bern trolleybus system.  Like the other public transport services in the region, the tramway network is part of the Libero-Tarifverbund, which is equivalent to a passenger transport executive or transit district.

Volt
The volt (symbol: V), named after Alessandro Volta, is the unit of measurement of electric potential, electric potential difference (voltage), and electromotive force in the International System of Units (SI).
Forge welding
Forge welding (FOW), also called fire welding, is a solid-state welding process that joins two pieces of metal by heating them to a high temperature and then hammering them together. It may also consist of heating and forcing the metals together with presses or other means, creating enough pressure to cause plastic deformation at the weld surfaces. The process, although challenging, has been a method of joining metals used since ancient times and is a staple of traditional blacksmithing. Forge welding is versatile, being able to join a host of similar and dissimilar metals. With the invention of electrical welding and gas welding methods during the Industrial Revolution, manual forge-welding has been largely replaced, although automated forge-welding is a common manufacturing process.

Strength of materials
The strength of materials is determined using various methods of calculating the stresses and strains in structural members, such as beams, columns, and shafts. The methods employed to predict the response of a structure under loading and its susceptibility to various failure modes takes into account the properties of the materials, such as yield strength, ultimate strength, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio. In addition, the mechanical element's macroscopic (geometric) properties, such as its length, width, thickness, boundary constraints, and abrupt changes in geometry, such as holes, are considered.

The theory began with the consideration of the behavior of one and two dimensional members of structures, whose states of stress can be approximated as two dimensional, and was then generalized to three dimensions to develop a more complete theory of the elastic and plastic behavior of materials. An important founding pioneer in mechanics of materials was Stephen Timoshenko.
Barkevious Mingo
Barkevious Leon Mingo (/bɑːrˈkiːviəs/; born October 4, 1990) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the LSU Tigers (LSU) and was selected by the Cleveland Browns sixth overall in the 2013 NFL draft. He won Super Bowl LI with the New England Patriots.

Ray Horton
Raymond Anthony Horton (born April 12, 1960) is an American football coach and former player. He played college football at Washington and was drafted in the second round of the 1983 NFL draft by the Cincinnati Bengals.
Sabina Abdullayeva
Sabina Abdullayeva (Azerbaijani: Səbinə Xanlar qızı Abdullayeva, born May 30, 1996) – Azerbaijani paralympic judoka in the under-57 kilograms weight category and B2 classification for blindness, is the vice World Champion 2014 and silver medalist of the European championships 2015 and the 2015 European Games in Baku. For great achievements in the first European Games and services in the development of sports in Azerbaijan Sabina Abdullaeva was awarded the medal of "Progress". Representing Azerbaijan at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro.

2015 European Games
The 1st European Games (Azerbaijani: 1-ci Avropa Oyunları), also known as the 2015 European Games or Baku 2015 (Azerbaijani: Bakı 2015), were the inaugural edition of the European Games, an international multi-sport event for athletes representing the National Olympic Committees (NOCs) of the European Olympic Committees. It took place in Baku, Azerbaijan, from 12 to 28 June 2015, and featured almost 6,000 athletes from 50 countries competing in 30 sports, including 15 summer Olympic and 2 non-Olympic sports.
The Witcher (soundtrack)
The music to the American fantasy drama television series The Witcher created by Lauren Schmidt Hissrich for Netflix, based on the book series of the same name written by Polish author Andrzej Sapkowski, featured original score composed by Sonya Belousova and Giona Ostinelli for the first season, while Joseph Trapanese composed the score for the second and third seasons. Both their compositions were released in conjunction with the series' premiere in each season. The first season's score was released on December 20, 2019, followed by the second season's score on December 17, 2021, and the third season's score in two volumes on June 29, and July 27, 2023, respectively.

Andrzej Sapkowski
Andrzej Sapkowski (Polish: [ˈandʐɛj sapˈkɔfski]; born 21 June 1948) is a Polish fantasy writer. He is best known for his series of books The Witcher, which revolves around the eponymous monster-hunter, Geralt of Rivia. The saga has been popularized through video games, television, stage, comic books and translated into 37 languages making him the second most-translated Polish science fiction and fantasy writer after Stanisław Lem.

Described as the "Polish Tolkien", he has written multiple novels and short story collections, selling over 30 million copies worldwide. The influence of Slavic mythology is seen as a characteristic feature of many of his works. He is a five-time recipient of the Zajdel Award, Poland's most popular science fiction and fantasy prize, as well as many other awards and honors including David Gemmell Award, World Fantasy Life Achievement Award and the Gloria Artis Medal for Merit to Culture.
Karizak-e Yaqubkhani
Karizak-e Yaqubkhani (Persian: كاريزك يعقوبخاني, also Romanized as Kārīzak-e Yaʿqūbkhānī; also known as Kārīzak and Kārīzak-e Yaʿqūbī) is a village in Bagh-e Keshmir Rural District, Salehabad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 288, in 63 families.

Salehabad County
Salehabad County (Persian: شهرستان صالح‌آباد) is in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Salehabad, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 8,625 in 2,198 households.
Dragiša Krstović
Dragiša Krstović (Serbian Cyrillic: Драгиша Крстовић; born 11 February 1947) is a Kosovo Serb politician. He was a prominent figure in the Kosovo Serb community in the early years of the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) mandate and was at one time the leader of the Serbian "Return" alliance in the Assembly of Kosovo.

Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo
The Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo (Albanian: Kuvendi i Republikës së Kosovës; Serbian: Скупштина Републике Косово, Skupština Republike Kosovo), also known as the Kuvendi, is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of Kosovo. It is directly elected by the people every four years. It was originally established by the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo in 2001 to provide 'provisional, democratic self-government'. On 17 February 2008, representatives of the people of Kosovo unilaterally declared Kosovo's independence and subsequently adopted the Constitution of Kosovo, which came into effect on 15 June 2008.
Nabeshima Naohiro (Saga)
Nabeshima Naohiro or Nabeshima Chokudai (鍋島 直大; October 17, 1846 – June 19, 1921) was the 11th and final daimyō of Saga Domain in Hizen Province, Kyūshū, Japan. Before the Meiji Restoration, his name was Nabeshima Mochizane (鍋島 茂実) and his honorary title was Hizen-no-Kami.

Hizen Province
Hizen Province (肥前国, Hizen no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [çiꜜ.(d)zeɴ, -(d)zen no kɯ.ɲi]) was an old province of Japan in the area of the Saga and Nagasaki prefectures. It was sometimes called Hishū (肥州), with Higo Province. Hizen bordered on the provinces of Chikuzen and Chikugo. The province was included in Saikaidō.  It did not include the island provinces (now municipalities) of Tsushima and Iki that are now part of modern Nagasaki Prefecture.
Pınaryolu, Refahiye
Pınaryolu, formerly Divir, is a village in the Refahiye District of Erzincan Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Turks and had a population of 160 in 2022. The village is located 4km south of the town of Refahiye.

A large portion of the village has migrated to Refahiye, Erzincan and Istanbul.

Refahiye
Refahiye is a town in Erzincan Province in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. It is the seat of Refahiye District. Its population is 4,225 (2022). The elevation is 1,589 m. The mayor is Fatih Kök (BBP).

The town is divided into the neighborhoods of Binali Yıldırım, Camiişerif, Hakoğlu, Hökümet and Yenidoğan.
Ranger Lake
Ranger Lake is a 1.5 acres (0.61 ha) reservoir located in the Cleveland Metroparks Mill Stream Run Reservation in Strongsville, Cuyahoga County, Ohio.

The lake has been stocked to establish sport fishing populations of largemouth bass, bluegill, pumpkinseed sunfish, crappie, channel catfish, and rainbow trout. The lake is stocked with trout in the winter for ice fishing.

Prior to flooding the lake, the tree and brush cover along the west side of the lake was left standing to provide improved fish habitat. Fishermen will find this area productive for catching fish.

Special fishing regulations are posted at Ranger Lake for largemouth bass and rainbow trout. The minimum legal size for catching largemouth bass is 12 inches (300 mm) and the daily harvest is two bass per angler. The daily harvest for rainbow trout is three fish per angler.

Channel catfish
The channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus),meaning “fish cat with spots”. known informally as the "channel cat", is a species of catfish native to North America. They are North America's most abundant catfish species, and the official state fish of Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska and Tennessee. The channel catfish is the most fished species of catfish in the United States, with around 8 million anglers angling them per year. The popularity of channel catfish for food has contributed to the rapid expansion of this species' aquaculture in the United States. It has also been widely introduced to Europe, Asia and South America, and many countries consider it an invasive species.
Voodoo Woman
Voodoo Woman is a 1957 American horror film directed by Edward L. Cahn and starring  Marla English in her final film role, Tom Conway, and Mike Connors. It was released in February 1957 by American International Pictures as a double feature with The Undead.

In 1966, it was remade by Larry Buchanan into an AIP made for television film, Curse of the Swamp Creature.

Double feature
The double feature is a motion picture industry practice in which movie theaters would exhibit two films for the price of one, supplanting an earlier format in which the presentation of one feature film would be followed by various short subject reels.
Minidoka Project
The Minidoka Project is a series of public works by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation to control the flow of the Snake River in Wyoming and Idaho, supplying irrigation water to farmlands in Idaho. One of the oldest Bureau of Reclamation projects in the United States, the project involves a series of dams and canals intended to store, regulate and distribute the waters of the Snake, with electric power generation as a byproduct. The water irrigates more than a million acres (4,000 km²) of otherwise arid land, producing much of Idaho's potato crop. Other crops include alfalfa, fruit and sugar beets. The primary irrigation district lies between Ashton in eastern Idaho and Bliss in the southwestern corner of the state. Five main reservoirs collect water, distributing it through 1,600 miles (2,600 km) of canals and 4,000 miles (6,400 km) of lateral distribution ditches.

Teton River (Idaho)
The Teton River is a 64-mile-long (103 km) tributary of the Henrys Fork of the Snake River in southeastern Idaho in the United States. It drains through the Teton Valley along the west side of the Teton Range along the Idaho-Wyoming border at the eastern end of the Snake River Plain. Its location along the western flank of the Tetons provides the river with more rainfall than many other rivers of the region.