hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Urban seismic risk
Urban seismic risk is the risk of earthquakes damaging or destroying people and things in towns and cities. Even if a big earthquake is likely urban seismic risk can be minimized with good earthquake construction, and seismic analysis. One of the best ways to deal with the issue is through an earthquake scenario analysis. Earthquake engineering can reduce the risk.

Seismic hazard
A seismic hazard is the probability that an earthquake will occur in a given geographic area, within a given window of time, and with ground motion intensity exceeding a given threshold. With a hazard thus estimated, seismic risk can be assessed and included in such areas as building codes for standard buildings, designing larger buildings and infrastructure projects, land use planning and determining insurance rates.

The seismic hazard studies also may generate two standard measures of anticipated ground motion, both confusingly abbreviated MCE; the simpler probabilistic maximum considered earthquake (or event), used in standard building codes, and the more detailed and deterministic maximum credible earthquake incorporated in the design of larger buildings and civil infrastructure like dams or bridges. It is important to be clear which MCE is being discussed.
Königssee bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton track
The Königssee bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton track is a venue in Germany for bobsleigh, luge and skeleton, located in Schönau am Königssee,  Bavaria, near Königssee (German for "King's Lake") and the border with Austria. Completed 57 years ago in 1968, it is the first permanent, artificially refrigerated bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton track in the world. In July 2021, the track was severely damaged by the floods that affected the European continent, and is currently under reconstruction.

FIL World Luge Championships 1979
The FIL World Luge Championships 1979 took place in Königssee, West Germany for a record fourth time. Königssee had hosted the event previously in 1969, 1970, and 1974. The track also hosted the bobsleigh world championships that same year, the first time that had ever happened in both bobsleigh and luge in a non-Winter Olympic year (Igls hosted both bobsleigh and luge events at the 1976 games held in neighboring Innsbruck.).
2026 Cypriot legislative election
Parliamentary elections are expected to be held on 24 May 2026, to elect 56 of the 80 members of the House of Representatives. The elections could be held earlier if parliament is dissolved before it reaches the end of its five-year term.

Second Anastasiades government
The second Anastasiades government was the government of Cyprus, forming the Council of Ministers. Sworn in on 1 March 2018, it consisted of members from President Nicos Anastasiades' Democratic Rally party (DISY) and independent technocrats. Many of its members carried over from the first Anastasiades government.
Mycena leaiana
Mycena leaiana, commonly known as the orange mycena or Lea's mycena, is a species of saprobic fungi in the genus Mycena, family Mycenaceae. They have bright orange caps and stalks and reddish-orange gill edges. Typically found in North America, a variety, M. leaiana var. australis, can be found in Australasia.

The mushrooms usually grow in dense clusters on deciduous logs. The pigment responsible for the orange color in this species has antibiotic properties.

Cystidium
A cystidium (pl.: cystidia) is a relatively large cell found on the sporocarp of a basidiomycete (for example, on the surface of a mushroom gill), often between clusters of basidia. Since cystidia have highly varied and distinct shapes that are often unique to a particular species or genus, they are a useful micromorphological characteristic in the identification of basidiomycetes. In general, the adaptive significance of cystidia is not well understood.
Folly Farm, Barnet
Folly Farm, originally Folly House, on the southern edge of Monken Hadley Common, was a farm that dated from 1686 and became a popular recreation site in the early 20th century. The site is now occupied by the Jewish Community Secondary School.

Monken Hadley Common
Monken Hadley Common lies within the Monken Hadley Conservation Area, and is listed as a “Site of Borough Importance for Nature Conservation, Grade I,” by the London Borough of Barnet. It is registered common land, and it is owned by the Trustees of Monken Hadley Common.
Minnesota Intercollegiate Athletic Conference men's basketball tournament
The MIAC men's basketball tournament is the annual conference basketball championship tournament for the NCAA Division III Minnesota Intercollegiate Athletic Conference. It is a single-elimination tournament and seeding is based on regular season records.

The winner receives the MIAC's automatic bid to the NCAA Men's Division III Basketball Championship.

Minnesota Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
The Minnesota Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (MIAC /ˈmaɪæk/ MY-ak) is an intercollegiate athletic conference that competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III. All 13 of the member schools are located in Minnesota and are private institutions, with only two being non-sectarian.
Fredkin gate
The Fredkin gate (also controlled-SWAP gate and conservative logic gate) is a computational circuit suitable for reversible computing, invented by Edward Fredkin. It is universal, which means that any logical or arithmetic operation can be constructed entirely of Fredkin gates. The Fredkin gate is a circuit or device with three inputs and three outputs with one control bit and two target bits that transmits the first bit unchanged and swaps the last two bits if, and only if, the first bit is 1.

Tommaso Toffoli
Tommaso Toffoli (Italian pronunciation: [tomˈmaːso ˈtɔffoli]; born June 1943) is an Italian-American professor of electrical and computer engineering at Boston University where he joined the faculty in 1995. He has worked on cellular automata and the theory of artificial life (with Edward Fredkin and others), and is known for the invention of the Toffoli gate.
Unextendible product basis
In quantum mechanics, an unextendible product basis is a set of orthogonal, non-entangled state vectors for a multipartite system, with the property that local operations and classical communication are insufficient to distinguish one member of the set from the others. Because these states are product states and yet local measurements cannot tell them apart, they are sometimes said to exhibit "nonlocality without entanglement". They provide examples of non-entangled states that pass the Peres–Horodecki criterion for entanglement.

Peres–Horodecki criterion
The Peres–Horodecki criterion is a necessary condition, for the joint density matrix  of two quantum mechanical systems  and , to be separable. It is also called the PPT criterion, for positive partial transpose. In the 2×2 and 2×3 dimensional cases the condition is also sufficient. It is used to decide the separability of mixed states, where the Schmidt decomposition does not apply. The theorem was discovered in 1996 by Asher Peres and the Horodecki family (Michał, Paweł, and Ryszard)

In higher dimensions, the test is inconclusive, and one should supplement it with more advanced tests, such as those based on entanglement witnesses.
Diederik Wissels
Diederik Wissels (born December 1960, in Rotterdam, Netherlands) is a Dutch jazz pianist.

In 1968, he moved to Brussels, Belgium and later attended Boston's Berklee College of Music. In his early career, he played with Chet Baker, Joe Henderson and Toots Thielemans. Wissels' solo and duo recordings include "The Hillock Songstress" (1994), "From This Day Forward" (1997), "Streams" with Bart Defoort (2001), "Song of You" (2004) and "Pasarela" (2017).  "Secrecy" (2020), "Yearn" (2023) and "Sleepless" (2024) were recorded with Portuguese jazz singer Ana Rocha.

He appears regularly in concert and has also recorded with David Linx, for example on Viktor Lazlo's album Amour(s).

Viktor Lazlo
Sonia Dronnier (born 7 October 1960), known by her stage name Viktor Lazlo, is a French writer, singer, and comedian.

Born in France, she studied in Belgium, where she is primarily known. Her biggest hit was  "Breathless" in 1987. That year she also hosted the Eurovision Song Contest 1987 held in Brussels as well as several TV shows and literary events.

She has published six novels between 2010 and 2024, and has also written short stories.

Dronnier took her stage name from Paul Henreid's character Victor Laszlo in the 1942 film Casablanca, an escaped concentration camp prisoner trying to procure a visa so he can travel to America with his wife. She sings and acts in French, English, Spanish and German.

In October 2016, Lazlo announced the release of her new single "Promised Land". In February 2017, she released her new single "Lola & Jim" followed by new studio album Woman in October 2017.
Hard Boiled Haggerty
Don Stansauk (April 2, 1925 – January 27, 2004) was an American professional wrestler and actor, known by his ring name, Hard Boiled Haggerty. He was previously a professional American football player, and he became a successful character actor after his wrestling career.

NWA Pacific International Championship
The NWA Pacific International Heavyweight Championship was the primary singles championship of 50th State Big Time Wrestling, the NWA territory based in Hawaii. The title was originally the Hawaiian version of the NWA United States Heavyweight Championship that was defended in Hawaii. It existed from 1962 until 1968. It was renamed the NWA North American Heavyweight Championship (Hawaii version) in 1968 and renamed again as the NWA Pacific International Heavyweight Championship in 1978, which was the name it used until it was retired in 1980.
Dracula (2006 film)
Dracula is a television adaptation of Bram Stoker's 1897 novel, Dracula, produced by Granada Television for WGBH Boston and BBC Wales in 2006. It was directed by Bill Eagles and written by Stewart Harcourt.

Count Dracula
Count Dracula (/ˈdrækjʊlə, -jə-/) is the title character and main antagonist of Bram Stoker's gothic horror novel Dracula (1897). He is considered the prototypical and archetypal vampire in subsequent works of fiction. Aspects of the character are believed by some to have been inspired by the 15th-century Wallachian prince Vlad the Impaler, who was also known as Vlad Dracula, and by Sir Henry Irving and Jacques Damala, actors with aristocratic backgrounds that Stoker had met during his life. Count Dracula is one of the best-known fictional figures of the Victorian era.

One of Dracula's most famous powers is his ability to turn others into vampires by biting them and infecting them with the vampiric disease. Other characteristics have been added or altered in subsequent popular fictional works, including books, films, cartoons, and video games.
Shoshma
The Shoshma (Russian: Шошма; Tatar: Шушма; Mari: Шошма, Šošma) is a river in Mari El, Tatarstan and Kirov Oblast, Russian Federation, a right-bank tributary of the Vyatka. Its length is 105 kilometres (65 mi), of which 90 kilometres (56 mi) are in Tatarstan, and its drainage basin covers 1,885 square kilometres (728 sq mi). It originates near Maly Kiner, Mari El and flows to the Vyatka near Malmyzh, Kirov Oblast.

Major tributaries are the Sarda, Kushket, Arborka, and Kuguborka rivers. The maximal mineralization 500–800 mg/L. The maximal water discharge is 149 cubic metres per second (5,300 cu ft/s) (1980). Drainage is regulated. There are peat deposits in the river valley. Since 1978 it has been protected as a "natural monument of Tatarstan'". The localities of Baltasi and Malmyzh are located on the river.

Kirov Oblast
Kirov Oblast (Russian: Кировская область, romanized: Kirovskaya oblast', IPA: [ˈkʲirəfskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is the city of Kirov. As of the 2010 census, the population is 1,341,312.
Outline of nanotechnology
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to nanotechnology:

Nanotechnology is science, engineering, and technology conducted at the nanoscale, which is about 1 to 100 nanometers.

Molecular assembler
A molecular assembler, as defined by K. Eric Drexler,  is a "proposed device able to guide chemical reactions by positioning reactive molecules with atomic precision". A molecular assembler is a molecular machine.  Some biological molecules such as ribosomes fit this definition as biological machines. This is because they receive instructions from messenger RNA and then assemble specific sequences of amino acids to construct protein molecules.
EPHB6
Ephrin type-B receptor 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EPHB6 gene.

Ephrin receptors and their ligands, the ephrins, mediate numerous developmental processes, particularly in the nervous system. Based on their structures and sequence relationships, ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which are transmembrane proteins. The Eph family of receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands. Ephrin receptors make up the largest subgroup of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. The ephrin receptor encoded by this gene lacks the kinase activity of most receptor tyrosine kinases and binds to ephrin-B ligands.

Receptor tyrosine kinase
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are the high-affinity cell surface receptors for many polypeptide growth factors, cytokines, and hormones. Of the 90 unique tyrosine kinase genes identified in the human genome, 58 encode receptor tyrosine kinase proteins.
Receptor tyrosine kinases have been shown not only to be key regulators of normal cellular processes but also to have a critical role in the development and progression of many types of cancer. Mutations in receptor tyrosine kinases lead to activation of a series of signalling cascades which have numerous effects on protein expression. The receptors are generally activated by dimerization and substrate presentation. Receptor tyrosine kinases are part of the larger family of protein tyrosine kinases, encompassing the receptor tyrosine kinase proteins which contain a transmembrane domain, as well as the non-receptor tyrosine kinases which do not possess transmembrane domains.
Heim Church
Heim Church (Norwegian: Heim kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Heim Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the village of Heim, on the shore of the Hemnfjorden. It is the church for the Heim parish which is part of the Orkdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1884 using plans drawn up by the architect A.H. Thoresen from Kristiansund. The church seats about 150 people.

Hemnfjorden
Hemnfjorden is a fjord in Trøndelag county in Norway. The 25-kilometre (16 mi) long fjord forms the boundary between Heim Municipality, Hitra Municipality, and Orkland Municipality. The fjord begins at the village of Kyrksæterøra at the mouths of the rivers Søo and Haugaelva. The fjord flows northwards until it joins the Trondheimsleia. The Åstfjorden and Snillfjorden are smaller fjords which branch off the main Hemnfjorden to the east into Orkland Municipality. The deepest point in the fjord reaches 410 metres (1,350 ft) below sea level.

The village of Heim lies along the western shore of the fjord, and the municipal center of Hemne, Kyrksæterøra lies at the southern end of the fjord, and the village of Ytre Snillfjord lies on the southeast side of the fjord. The island of Hemnskjela lies at the mouth of the Hemnfjorden where it joins the Trondheimsleia.
Nikopol Municipality
Nikopol Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Никопол) is a municipality (obshtina) in the northern part of Pleven Province, in northern Bulgaria. It is named after its administrative centre - the town of Nikopol. The municipality embraces a territory of 415.9 km2 (160.6 sq mi) with a population, as of December 2009, of 10,602 inhabitants.

Its northern border is by the Danube River, bordering with Turnu Măgurele municipality of Romania. The municipality also borders with Belene Municipality on the East, Livski and Pordim municipalities on the South, Pleven municipality on the Southwest and Gulyantsi Municipality on the West.

Besides the Danube, which defines the hydrography of the area, the Osam river and some minor rivers flow within the municipality.

There are plans to develop common cultural tourism program that encompass the Nikopol and Turnu Măgurele municipalities. Unlike Turnu Măgurele, Nikopol municipality has poorly developed tourism infrastructure.

Pordim Municipality
Pordim Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Пордим) is a municipality (obshtina) in Pleven Province, Northern Bulgaria. It is named after its administrative centre - the town of Pordim.

The municipality embraces a territory of 255 km2 (98 sq mi) with a population, as of December 2009, of 7,114 inhabitants.
Lasioglossum punctatum
Lasioglossum punctatum is a species of halictid bee found in Indonesia. It was first described in 1858 as Nomia punctata.

The same name was later applied to an Australian bee described in 1879. As a junior homonym, that species required renaming and is now considered Lasioglossum exlautum.

Lasioglossum exlautum
Lasioglossum exlautum is a species of halictid bee found in Australia.

The name Lasioglossum punctatum was used for this species until it was recognized as in use for a different species from Indonesia, at which point the next oldest name, exlautum, was used as a replacement.
Liberalism in Colombia
This article gives an overview of liberalism in Colombia. It is limited to liberal parties with substantial support, mainly demonstrated by having had representation in parliament. The sign ⇒ means a reference to another party in the scheme. For inclusion in this scheme, it is not necessary for the parties to have identified themselves as liberals.

New Liberalism (Colombia)
New Liberalism (Spanish: Nuevo Liberalismo) is a political party in Colombia. Originally founded by Luis Carlos Galán in 1979 as a dissident force of the Colombian Liberal Party and dissolved in the 1990s, the party was refounded in 2021 by two of his sons, Juan Manuel Galán Pachón and Carlos Fernando Galán.
Human Rights Tribunal of Quebec
The Human Rights Tribunal of Quebec (French: Tribunal des droits de la personne) is a specialized first-instance tribunal of the province of Quebec, Canada, that has the jurisdiction to hear and judge litigations concerning discrimination and harassment based on the prohibited grounds stipulated in the Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms, as well as concerning the exploitation of elderly or handicapped persons and affirmative action programs.

Superior Court of Quebec
The Superior Court of Quebec (French: Cour supérieure du Québec) is a superior trial court in the province of Quebec, in Canada. It consists of 157 judges who are appointed by the federal government. Appeals from this court are taken to the Quebec Court of Appeal.
Shigeru Chiba (baseball)
Shigeru Chiba (千葉 茂, Chiba Shigeru; 10 May 1919 – 9 December 2002) was a Japanese baseball second baseman who played with the Tokyo Kyojin/Yomiuri Giants from 1938 to 1941, and again from 1946 to 1956. He later managed the Kintetsu Buffalo from 1959 to 1961, and was elected to the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame in 1980.

Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame
The Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum (野球体育博物館, Yakyū Taiiku Hakubutsukan), commonly known outside of Japan as the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame, is a hall of fame and museum in Tokyo dedicated to professional baseball, with a prominent focus on professional baseball in Japan. The Hall is intended to honor and commemorate inducted players, executives, umpires, and other individuals who developed and/or made a significant impact towards the sport of baseball in Japan.
2012 Torneo di Viareggio
The 2012 winners of the Torneo di Viareggio (in English, the Viareggio Tournament, officially the Viareggio Cup World Football Tournament Coppa Carnevale), the annual youth football tournament held in Viareggio, Tuscany, are listed below.

Torneo di Viareggio
The Torneo di Viareggio (English: Viareggio Tournament), officially named the Viareggio Cup World Football Tournament Coppa Carnevale, is a youth association football tournament held annually in the commune of Viareggio, Italy and its surrounding areas. Established in 1949, the Torneo di Viareggio is considered one of the most important youth football tournaments in the world.

It coincides with the Carnival of Viareggio, starting on the third Monday of Carneval. The tournament runs for a fortnight, and finishes on the last Monday of Carnival. For this reason, it is also known as Coppa Carnevale (English: Carnival Cup).
Ian Graham
Ian James Alastair Graham OBE (12 November 1923 – 1 August 2017) was a British Mayanist whose explorations of Maya ruins in the jungles of Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize helped establish the Corpus of Maya Hieroglyphic Inscriptions published by the Peabody Museum of Harvard University. Among his related works is a biography of an early predecessor, the 19th-century British Maya explorer Alfred Maudslay.

Mayanist
A Mayanist (Spanish: mayista) is a scholar specialising in research and study of the Mesoamerican pre-Columbian Maya civilisation. This discipline should not be confused with Mayanism, a collection of New Age beliefs about the ancient Maya.

Mayanists draw upon many inter-related disciplines including archaeology, linguistics, epigraphy, ethnology, history, photography/art, architecture, astronomy and ceramics.

The term Mayanist was coined by parallel with specialised fields studying other historical civilisations; see for example, Egyptologist (Ancient Egypt) and Assyriologist (Ancient Mesopotamia).  It has been in widespread use from the late 19th century onwards, particularly by those who have studied and contributed to the decipherment of Maya hieroglyphics, the complex and elaborate writing system which was developed by the ancient Maya.
Isoinertial
Isoinertial denotes a type of resistance used in exercise training which maintains a constant inertia throughout the range of motion, facilitating a constant resistance and maximal muscle force in every angle.

The term isoinertial derives from the words iso (same) and inertial (resistance), which in one terminology describes the primary concept of the isoinertial system, or expressing the same inertia in both the concentric and the eccentric phases of muscle contraction.

Exercise
Exercise or working out is physical activity that enhances or maintains fitness and overall health. It is performed for various reasons, including weight loss or maintenance, to aid growth and improve strength, develop muscles and the cardiovascular system, hone athletic skills, improve health, or simply for enjoyment. Many people choose to exercise outdoors where they can congregate in groups, socialize, and improve well-being as well as mental health.

In terms of health benefits, usually, 150 minutes (2 hours and 30 minutes) of moderate-intensity exercise per week is recommended for reducing the risk of health problems. At the same time, even doing a small amount of exercise is healthier than doing none. For people who currently get the smallest amount of physical activity, adding just two or three minutes per day of moderate physical activity could reduce the risk of premature death by 10%.