hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Garenne Lemot estate
The La Garenne Lemot estate (French: Domaine de la Garenne Lemot) is a park located in the communes of Gétigné and Clisson in Loire-Atlantique, as well as Cugand in Vendée. It was created by the sculptor François-Frédéric Lemot at the beginning of the 19th century. The ensemble is intended as a tribute to the landscapes and architecture of Italy. The estate consists of a neo-Palladian villa overlooking the valley of the Sèvre Nantaise, as well as woods and gardens where fabriques and statues in the Antique style, along with the gardener's and gatekeeper's houses in an Italianate style, are erected.

The Departmental Council of Loire-Atlantique purchased the estate from the Lemot family in 1968. It was listed as a historic monument the following year and has been classified in stages since 1988. Currently, it is a place for strolls and a cultural center where contemporary art exhibitions and performances are regularly organized.

Departmental Council of Loire-Atlantique
The Departmental Council of Loire-Atlantique (French: Conseil départemental de la Loire-Atlantique, Breton: Kuzul-departamant Liger-Atlantel), called the 'General Council of Loire-Inférieure' between 1800 and 1957, then 'General Council of Loire-Atlantique' until 2015, is the deliberative assembly of the French department of Loire-Atlantique. Its headquarters are in Nantes.
History of the European Union (2004–present)
The history of the European Union from 2004 to the present is the current timeline of the European Union. It is a period of significant upheaval and reform following the 2004 enlargement of the European Union. The EU has taken on ten new members, eight of which were initially much poorer than the EU average, and took in a further two in 2007 with many more on the way. It created the euro a few years before and had to expand this, and the Schengen Area to its new members. However this was overshadowed by the late-2000s recession and damaging disputes over the European Constitution and its successor, the Treaty of Lisbon. Throughout this period, the European People's Party has been the largest group in the European Parliament and provides every President of the European Commission.

Greens–European Free Alliance
The Greens/European Free Alliance (Greens/EFA) is a political group of the European Parliament composed primarily of green political parties.

The group consists of European Green Party (EGP), part of the European Free Alliance (EFA), and members of Volt Europa and European Pirate Party political alliances.
Queen's Own Worcestershire Hussars
The Queen's Own Worcestershire Hussars was a Yeomanry regiment of the British Army. First raised in 1794, it participated in the Second Boer War and World War I as horsed cavalry before being converted to an anti-tank regiment of the Royal Artillery for service in World War II. In 1956, it was amalgamated with the Warwickshire Yeomanry to form the Queen's Own Warwickshire and Worcestershire Yeomanry. The lineage is maintained by B (Staffordshire, Warwickshire and Worcestershire Yeomanry) Squadron, part of The Royal Yeomanry.

Imperial Yeomanry
The Imperial Yeomanry was a mounted infantry formation of the British Army which served in the Second Boer War. Raised on 2 January 1900, the formation was initially recruited from the British middle class, but subsequent contingents were significantly more working class in their composition. The British Army's existing yeomanry regiments contributed only a small proportion of the total Imperial Yeomanry establishment. The formation was officially disbanded in 1908, with individual Yeomanry regiments incorporated into the new Territorial Force.
HD 102272
HD 102272 is a star in the equatorial constellation of Leo. With an apparent visual magnitude of 8.69, it is too faint to be visible to the naked eye. The star is located at a distance of approximately 1,140 light years based on parallax measurements, but is drifting closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of −12 km/s. As of 2008, two extrasolar planets are known to orbit the star.

This is an evolved giant star with a stellar classification of K0. It is an estimated eight billion years old and has expanded to eight times the Sun's radius. The star has about the same mass as the Sun and is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 2 km/s. It is radiating 25 times the luminosity of the Sun from its swollen photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,750 K.

Leo (constellation)
Leo /ˈliːoʊ/ is one of the constellations of the zodiac, between Cancer, the Crab, to the west and Virgo, the Maiden, to the east. It is located in the Northern celestial hemisphere. Its name is Latin for lion, and to the ancient Greeks represented the Nemean Lion killed by the mythical Greek hero Heracles as one of his twelve labors. Its old astronomical symbol is  (♌︎). One of the 48 constellations described by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, Leo remains one of the 88 modern constellations today, and one of the most easily recognizable due to its many bright stars and a distinctive shape that is reminiscent of the crouching lion it depicts.
Wielki Staw
Wielki Staw (1,225 metres (4,019 ft), Polish for The Big Pond, Grosser Teich in German) - post glacial natural lake in the Krkonoše mountains, in western Poland. It is situated in the Karkonosze National Park at the bottom of the cirque, on the southern slope of the Smogornia mountain.

With its area of 8.3 hectares, it is the biggest glacial lake in the whole range. Its depth reaches 25 m, the shores are covered in subalpine species. Waters of the lake host rare species, some of them even extinct like Isoetes lacustris. Due to the regulations of a nature reserve, the object is closed and can be watched only from the top of the cirque. The place is accessible from the Polish–Czech Friendship Trail (red marks).

Giant Mountains National Park
Giant Mountains National Park (Polish: Karkonoski Park Narodowy) is a National Park in the Giant Mountains in the Sudetes in southwestern Poland, along the border with the Czech Republic.

The national park is located in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in the highest part of the Sudetes. It was created in 1959, covering an area of 55.10 km2. Today it is slightly larger at 55.76 km2 (21.53 sq mi), of which 17.18 km2 is strictly protected. The majority of the park area, around 33.80 km2, consists of forests. In 1992 Karkonosze National Park, together with the neighbouring Czech Krkonoše National Park, became part of the Krkonoše/Karkonosze Transboundary Biosphere Reserve under UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere Programme. Also, 40 hectares of peat bogs were designated a Ramsar international wetland site.
Dact-el-Mayun
The Dact-el-Mayun (Arabic: داكت الميون), also known as the Western strait, the large strait, the large pass or the wide pass, is the western section of the Bab-el-Mandeb straits, which separates Ras Menheli, Yemen, on the Arabian Peninsula from Ras Siyyan, Djibouti, on the Horn of Africa. The strait has a width of about 16 miles (26 km) and a depth of 170 fathoms (310 m). The Yemeni island of Perim divides the strait into two channels, Bab Iskender and Dact-el-Mayun respectively.

Near the African coast lies a group of smaller islands known as the Seven Brothers.

Perim
Perim (Arabic: بريم, romanized: Barīm), also called Mayyun (Arabic: جزيرة ميون) in Arabic, is a Yemeni volcanic island in the Strait of Mandeb at the south entrance into the Red Sea, off the south-west coast of Yemen. It administratively belongs to Dhubab District or Bab al-Mandab District, Taiz Governorate. The island of Perim divides the strait of Mandeb into two channels.

The island, as a dependency of Aden colony, was a part of the British Empire between 1857 and 1967.
2013 Tunis Open
The 2013 Tunis Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the eighth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2013 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Tunis, Tunisia between 29 April and 5 May 2013.

2013 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour is the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). The 2013 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 149 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $220,000.
Junction and nexus
Junction and nexus are two kinds of syntactic relationship, according to the Danish linguist Otto Jespersen, who was keen to demonstrate the parallels as well as the contrast between them. An example of either junction or nexus is described in terms of the rank of each word, or "word group", that makes it up.

Rodney Huddleston
Rodney D. Huddleston (born 4 April 1937) is a British linguist and grammarian specializing in the study and description of English.

Huddleston is the primary author of The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language (ISBN 0-521-43146-8), which presents a comprehensive descriptive grammar of English.
1914 Philadelphia Athletics season
The 1914 Philadelphia Athletics season was a season in American baseball. It involved the A's finishing first in the American League with a record of 99 wins and 53 losses.

The team went on to face the Boston Braves in the 1914 World Series, which they lost in four straight games.

After the season, Connie Mack sold the contracts of his best players to other teams due to his frustration with the Federal League. The A's subsequently posted seven consecutive last-place finishes in the American League and did not win another pennant until 1929.

1929 Philadelphia Athletics season
The 1929 Philadelphia Athletics season involved the A's finishing first in the American League with a record of 104 wins and 46 losses. After finishing in second place to the New York Yankees in 1927 and 1928, the club won the 1929 pennant by a large 18-game margin. The club won the World Series over the National League champion Chicago Cubs, four games to one.
2018 in paleomammalogy
This paleomammalogy list records new fossil mammal taxa that were described during the year 2018, as well as notes other significant paleomammalogy discoveries and events which occurred during that year.

Equidae
Equidae (commonly known as the horse family) is the taxonomic family of horses and related animals, including asses, zebras, and many extinct species known only from fossils. The family evolved more than 50 million years ago, in the Eocene epoch, from a small, multi-toed ungulate into larger, single-toed animals. All extant species are in the genus Equus, which originated in North America. Equidae belongs to the order Perissodactyla, which includes the extant tapirs and rhinoceros, and several extinct families. It is more specifically grouped within the superfamily Equoidea, the only other family being the extinct Palaeotheriidae.

The term equid refers to any member of this family, including any equine.
Amerdingen
Amerdingen is a municipality in the district of Donau-Ries in Bavaria in Germany.

There is an 18th-century castle: Amerdingen Castle (classicist style). It was built by the known noble family of the Stauffenbergs. All living Stauffenbergs belong to the Amerdingen line of this clan. Today Count Alfred Schenk von Stauffenberg (*1923) and his wife live there. Count Alfred is a nephew of Count Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg who was the leading figure of the failed 20 July Plot of 1944 to kill German dictator Adolf Hitler.

Donau-Ries
Donau-Ries (Danube-Ries) is a Landkreis (district) in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Ansbach, Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen, Eichstätt, Neuburg-Schrobenhausen, Aichach-Friedberg, Augsburg and Dillingen, and by the state of Baden-Württemberg (districts of Heidenheim and Ostalbkreis).
Battle of Interamna Nahars
The Battle of Interamna Nahars is a conflict that took place in 253 AD. The Roman Emperor Trebonianus Gallus and his son Volusianus were defeated by Marcus Aemilius Aemilianus in a battle near the town of Interamna Nahars on the Flaminian Way. They fled and were murdered by their own guards at Forum Flaminii.

Volusianus
Gaius Vibius Volusianus (Latin: Gaius Vibius Afinius Gallus Veldumnianus Volusianus; died August 253), commonly called Volusian, was a Roman emperor from 251 to 253, ruling with his father Trebonianus Gallus.

After Emperor Decius and his son and co-ruler Herennius Etruscus died in battle in June 251, Trebonianus Gallus was elected emperor in the field by the legion. Gallus raised Hostilian, the younger son of Decius, to augustus (co-emperor) and elevated Volusianus to caesar. After the death of Hostilian in July or August 251, Volusianus was raised to augustus. The short reign of Gallus and Volusianus was notable for the outbreak of a plague, which is said by some to be the reason for Hostilian's death, and for hostilities with the Sasanian Empire and the Goths. Volusianus and his father were killed in August 253 by their own soldiers, who were terrified of the forces of the usurper Aemilian which were marching towards Rome.
Hidetoshi Kubota
Hidetoshi Kubota (Japanese: 久保田秀敏; born January 12, 1987) is a Japanese stage and film actor. Born in Fukuoka, he debuted in 2009, and has appeared in multiple projects including Musical: The Prince of Tennis season 2, Moriarty the Patriot, Blood Blockade Battlefront, and Hakuoki. He is under Avex Management.

Zepp
The Zepp music halls are a group of Japanese music venues covering every area of the country. They play host to many international tours and are a popular stop among Japanese musicians. Each venue takes the Zepp name, along with the city in which it is located. The Zepp company is a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment Japan. Starting from 2017, Zepp locations also opened in other countries like Singapore (formerly), Taiwan, and Malaysia.  In 2022, it opened its first location in Malaysia at Bukit Bintang City Centre (BBCC), Kuala Lumpur.

The Zepp venues in Japan are sponsored by the Asahi Breweries.
Veer Singh Dhillon
Veer Singh Dhillon (c. 1792–1842) was a Sikh who was born in Gurdaspore, Punjab. He was a general in the Sikh Khalsa Army, army of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, and was the founder of one of the most highly honoured Sikh warrior families.

Veer Singh was awarded the title Jallaha (Duke) of Gurdaspore after his army single-handedly won the eastern areas of Punjab for the Maharaja. Later when the Sikh Empire fell to the British forces, the armies of the Jallaha of Gurdaspore (then under the son of Veer Singh) were not defeated due to their strong defenses. But later the British signed a treaty with the ruler in which his areas would come under the British Empire but the Jallaha would still remain the supreme commander of the military forces and also the chief administrator of the area.

Gurdaspur
Gurdaspur is a city in the Majha region of the Indian state of Punjab, between the rivers Beas and Ravi. It houses the administrative headquarters of Gurdaspur District and is in the geographical centre of the district, which shares a border with Pakistan.

Gurdaspur city was named after Mahant Guriya das ji.
2010 Speedway Grand Prix of Poland II
The 2010 FIM Bydgoszcz Speedway Grand Prix of Poland was the eleventh and final race of the 2010 Speedway Grand Prix season. It took place on October 9 at the Polonia Stadium in Bydgoszcz, Poland.

The Bydgoszcz Grand Prix was won by Polonia' rider Andreas Jonsson who beat Chris Harris, wild card Janusz Kołodziej and Rune Holta in the Final.

There was a second time, when two Grand Prix event in Poland was named of Poland after 1999' Wrocław and Bydgoszcz meetings.

2010 Speedway Grand Prix
The 2010 Speedway Grand Prix was the 65th edition of the official World Championship and the 16th season of the Speedway Grand Prix era, deciding the FIM Speedway World Championship. It was the tenth series under the promotion of Benfield Sports International, an IMG company. The series began on 24 April in Leszno and finished on 9 October in Bydgoszcz.

The only rider to win more than one round, Tomasz Gollob claimed his first Speedway Grand Prix title after over a decade in the sport. Jarosław Hampel completed a Polish 1–2, claiming his first SGP win in Denmark ahead of Gollob. Reigning champion Jason Crump finished third in the standings; the tenth successive season in which Crump finished in the top three places.
1987 CAA men's basketball tournament
The 1987 Colonial Athletic Association men's basketball tournament was held February 28–March 2, 1987 at the Hampton Coliseum in Hampton, Virginia.

Navy defeated UNC Wilmington in the championship game, 53–50, to win their third consecutive CAA/ECAC South men's basketball tournament. The Midshipmen, therefore, earned an automatic bid to the 1987 NCAA tournament.

Coastal Athletic Association men's basketball tournament
The Coastal Athletic Association men's basketball tournament is the conference championship tournament in basketball for the Coastal Athletic Association (formerly known as the Colonial Athletic Association). The tournament has been held every year since at least 1980; for the 1979-80 to 1984-85 seasons the conference was known as the ECAC South. It is a single-elimination tournament and seeding is based on regular season records. The winner, declared conference champion, receives the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA basketball tournament.
Aerodium Sigulda
Aerodium Sigulda is a company based in Latvia, which owns and runs the first vertical wind tunnel in Eastern Europe. The wind tunnel is located near Sigulda, the most visited tourist area in Latvia. It is affiliated with Aerodium Technologies, a designer and producer of vertical wind tunnels. While being open to the public, it also serves as a testing base for new technologies and a training place for instructors.

Vertical wind tunnel
A vertical wind tunnel (VWT) is a wind tunnel that moves air up in a vertical column. Unlike standard wind tunnels, which have test sections that are oriented horizontally, as experienced in level flight, a vertical orientation enables gravity to be countered by drag instead of lift, as experienced in an aircraft spin or by a skydiver at terminal velocity.

Although vertical wind tunnels have been built for aerodynamic research, the most high-profile are those used as recreational wind tunnels, frequently advertised as indoor skydiving or bodyflight,  which have also become a popular training tool for skydivers.
Electoral district of Barossa
Barossa was an electoral district of the House of Assembly in the colony (Australian state from 1901) of South Australia from 1857 to 1938 and again from 1956 to 1970. Barossa was also the name of an electoral district of the unicameral South Australian Legislative Council from 1851 until its abolition in 1857, George Fife Angas being the member.

Despite Labor not even contesting the seat at the 1962 election, Barossa was one of two 1965 election gains that put Labor in government after decades of the Playmander in opposition. Labor's Molly Byrne retained Barossa at the 1968 election however the seat was abolished prior to the 1970 election. Byrne successfully moved to the new seat of Tea Tree Gully.

The Barossa Valley region is currently a safe Liberal area and is located in the safe Liberal seat of Schubert.

Electoral district of Tea Tree Gully
Tea Tree Gully was an electoral district of the House of Assembly in the Australian state of South Australia from 1970 to 1977. The suburb of Tea Tree Gully has since been represented by the seat of Newland.
Big 5 Classic
The Big 5 Classic, officially known as the Toyota Big 5 Classic for sponsorship reasons, is an annual early-season college basketball tournament and showcase featuring the six member schools of the Philadelphia Big 5—Drexel, La Salle, Penn, Saint Joseph's, Temple, and Villanova. The tournament begins in November with pod play and concludes on the first weekend in December with triple-headers for the men's and women's competitions.

Saint Joseph's Hawks
The Saint Joseph's Hawks are the athletic teams that represent Saint Joseph's University of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Hawks compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association as a member of the Atlantic 10 Conference and of the Philadelphia Big 5. The school also has intramurals and extramurals, the latter of which compete within the City 6 (the six major universities in Philadelphia). The school is mostly known for its men's basketball team. The Hawk became the school's mascot in 1929. It first flapped its wings at a basketball game in 1956 in a win over La Salle University. The Saint Joseph's school colors are crimson and gray.
Joining technology
The joining technology is used in any type of mechanical joint which is the arrangement formed by two or more elements: typically, two physical parts and a joining element. The mechanical joining systems make possible to form a set of several pieces using the individual parts and the corresponding joining elements. There are fixed sets and removable sets.

Most common utensils (tools, furniture, weapons, clothing, footwear, vehicles, et cetera) are made up of sets of parts. The study of mechanical joints is essential to ensure the proper functioning of the mentioned assemblies.”.

Chain-link fencing
A chain-link fence (also referred to as wire netting, wire-mesh fence, chain-wire fence, cyclone fence, hurricane fence, or diamond-mesh fence) is a type of woven fence usually made from galvanized or linear low-density polyethylene-coated steel wire.  The wires run vertically and are bent into a zigzag pattern so that each "zig" hooks with the wire immediately on one side and each "zag" with the wire immediately on the other.  This forms the characteristic diamond pattern seen in this type of fence.
Ckochas
Ckochas is a town and municipality in Bolivia, located in the Linares Province in the eastern part of the Potosí Department. The municipality has an area of 2,040.2 km2 and a population of 15,812 inhabitants (according to the 2012 INE Census).

Ckochas is one of the youngest municipalities in Bolivia, having separated from the municipality of Puna. It was created by Decree Law 3462 on August 15, 2006.

Within its territory, on the border with the Chuquisaca Department, lies the Fortress of Oronckota (Fortaleza de Oronckota), which is one of the most important archaeological sites in the Potosí Department.

Municipalities of Bolivia
Municipalities in Bolivia (Spanish: municipios) are administrative divisions of the entire national territory governed by local elections. Municipalities are the third level of administrative divisions, below departments and provinces. Some of the provinces consist of only one municipality. In these cases the municipalities are identical to the provinces they belong to. There are 340 municipalities.