hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Great Bulgarian Forest
Great Bulgarian Forest (Latin: Silva Magna Bulgarica or Silvas Bulgarorum; Bulgarian: Българска гора, Великата българска гора, Български лес, romanized: Bŭlgarska gora, Velikata bŭlgarska gora, Bŭlgarski les; Serbian: Бугарска гора, romanized: Bulgarska gora) is the historical name for the territory between Niš and the Gate of Trajan, entering Via Militaris in Thrace, a stretch of about 400 km (250 mi).

Usually the name Bulgarian Forest referred to the mountain hills overgrown with dense forests along the Great Morava and Nisava, including the massifs of mountain ranges in today's central parts of Eastern Serbia and Western Bulgaria. In the narrower geographical sense, the territory covers the forested mountain ranges of the Timok Valley (according to the Romanian understanding of the area), located east of the Great Morava River.

Timok Valley
The Timočka Krajina (Serbian: Тимочка Крајина, lit. 'Timok Frontier') or Timok Valley (Romanian: Valea Timocului), is a geographical region in eastern Serbia around the Timok River. It roughly corresponds to two administrative districts, Bor and Zaječar, which have a combined population of 197,815.
Barnard 175
Barnard 175, also known as B175, is a cometary-shaped Bok globule located around 400 parsecs from Earth in the constellation of Cepheus. It is embedded within the Cepheus Flare shell, a giant complex of molecular clouds.

The southern edge of the object is illuminated by a B9.5V-type star known as BD+69 1231. This produces Ced 201, a prominent reflection nebula within Barnard 175.

B-type main-sequence star
A B-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence (core hydrogen-burning) star of spectral type B. The spectral luminosity class is given as V. These stars have from 2 to 18 times the mass of the Sun and surface temperatures between about 10,000 and 30,000 K.

B-type stars are luminous and blue-white. Their spectra have strong neutral helium absorption lines, which are most prominent at the B2 subclass, and moderately strong hydrogen lines. Examples include Regulus, Algol A and Acrux.
Bryan Lewis
Bryan Lewis (born September 10, 1942) is a Canadian municipal politician and a former referee and Director of Officiating for the National Hockey League.

Lewis was born in Alliston, Ontario. His first NHL experience was in the 1967-68 NHL season.  He worked more than 1000 games, 30 playoff games, and nine Stanley Cup Finals at the NHL level, and was named Director of Officiating in 1989, following the sudden death of his predecessor, John McCauley.  In this position, he oversaw a staff of 90, as well as the officiating of both the NHL and the AHL.  He retired from this position in 2000.  Lewis is still active in hockey, helping officials at the junior level.  Bryan is currently Referee In Chief for the Central Hockey League and Ontario University Athletics.

In November 2000, Lewis successfully ran for a position on the Halton Hills, Ontario town council.  He has held the Council position for 4 terms.

Halton Hills
Halton Hills is a town in the Regional Municipality of Halton, located in the northwestern end of the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario, Canada with a population of 62,951 (2021).

There are many natural features within these bounds; they include the Niagara Escarpment, and the Bruce Trail. Many of these local features are protected by the Conservation Halton, Credit Valley Conservation & Grand River Conservation Authority.
Magitl
Magitl (Russian: Магитль; Avar: МагъилӀ) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kosobsky Selsoviet, Tlyaratinsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population:  20 (2010 Census); 44 (2002 Census); 45 (1989 Soviet census).

Avar language
Avar (авар мацӏ, avar maⱬ [ʔaˈwar mat͡sʼː] or магӏарул мацӏ, maⱨarul maⱬ [maʕarul mat͡sʼː], 'language of the mountains'), also known as Avaric, is a Northeast Caucasian language of the Avar–Andic subgroup that is spoken by Avars, primarily in Dagestan. In 2010, there were approximately one million speakers in Dagestan and elsewhere in Russia.
Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg
Augustus of Saxe-Lauenburg (Ratzeburg, 17 February 1577 – 18 January 1656, Lauenburg upon Elbe) was Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg between 1619 and 1656. He was a son of Duke Francis II and his first wife Margaret of Pomerania-Wolgast, daughter of Philip I, Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast. Since Augustus survived all his sons he was succeeded by his half-brother Julius Henry.

On his ascension Augustus moved Saxe-Lauenburg's capital from Neuhaus, whereto Francis II had moved it after the residential castle in Lauenburg upon Elbe (started in 1180–1182 by Bernhard, Count of Anhalt) had burnt down in 1616, towards Ratzeburg, where it remained since.

During the Thirty Years' War Augustus always remained neutral, however, billeting and alimenting foreign troops marching through posed a heavy burden onto the ducal subjects.

Bernhard, Count of Anhalt
Bernhard (c. 1140– 2 February 1212), a member of the House of Ascania, was Count of Anhalt and Ballenstedt, and Lord of Bernburg through his paternal inheritance. From 1180 he was also Duke of Saxony (as Bernhard III or Bernhard I).
Plain greenbul
The plain greenbul (Eurillas curvirostris) is a species of the bulbul family of passerine birds. 
It is mainly native to the Guineo-Congolian region.

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest.

Guineo-Congolian region
The Guineo-Congolian region is a biogeographical region in Africa straddling the Equator and stretching from the Atlantic Ocean through the Congo Basin to the Congo / Nile divide in Rwanda and Burundi. Formerly, this region was largely covered in rain forest, on both well-drained sites and in swamp forests, but little undisturbed primary forest now remains, having been replaced in many areas by savanna and secondary-growth forest.
Yank Robinson
William H. "Yank" Robinson (September 19, 1859 – August 25, 1894) was an American professional baseball infielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1884 to 1892 for the Detroit Wolverines, Baltimore Monumentals, St. Louis Browns, Pittsburgh Burghers, Cincinnati Kelly's Killers, and Washington Senators.

Robinson was a starter for St. Louis Browns teams that won four consecutive American Association pennants and the 1886 World Series.  While playing for the Browns, he set the major league record with 116 walks in 1888 and broke his own record with 118 walks in 1889.  During his peak years from 1887 to 1890, Robinson drew 472 free passes (427 walks and 45 times hit by pitch) and 400 hits in 2,115 plate appearances, giving him a "free pass" percentage of .223 and an on-base percentage of .412.  His Offensive WAR ratings of 3.8, 3.7 and 3.6 ranked sixth in the American Association in 1886 and 1887 and eighth in 1888.

Strike zone
In baseball, the strike zone is the area of space through which a pitch must pass in order to be called a strike even if the batter does not swing. The strike zone is defined as the volume of space above home plate and between the batter's knees and the midpoint of his torso. Whether a pitch passes through the zone is decided by an umpire, who is generally positioned behind the catcher.

Strikes are desirable for the pitcher and the fielding team, as three strikes result in a strikeout of that batter. A pitch that misses the strike zone is called a ball if the batter does not swing at it. Balls are desirable for the batter and the batting team, as four balls allow the batter to take a "walk" to first base as a base on balls.
Hangang Bridge
The Hangang Bridge (Korean: 한강대교; lit. Han River Great Bridge) crosses the Han River in Seoul, South Korea. It connects the districts of Yongsan to the north and Dongjak to the south, and crosses over the artificial island of Nodeulseom. The bridge carries eight lanes of traffic.

The Korea Meteorological Administration considers the Han to be frozen over when the 100-meter section of water between the second and fourth posts of the southern span freezes.

Yongsan District
Yongsan District (Korean: 용산구; RR: Yongsan-gu, [jo̞ŋsʰa̠n ku]) is one of the 25 districts of Seoul, South Korea. It has a population of 231,685 (2020) and has a geographic area of 21.87 km2 (8.44 sq mi), and is divided into 19 dong (administrative neighborhoods). Yongsan is located near Downtown Seoul, on the northern bank of the Han River, bordering the city districts of Jung to the north, Mapo to the west, Yeongdeungpo and Dongjak to the southwest, Seocho and Gangnam District to the southeast, and Seongdong to the east.
Ixia micrandra
Ixia micranda is a perennial flowering plant and geophyte belonging to the genus Ixia and is part of the fynbos. The species is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs from Houwhoek to Kleinmond and De Hoop. The plant has an area of occurrence of 4 078 km2. The plant has lost its habitat to coastal development between Kleinmond and Hermanus, also to the planting of plantations in the Palmiet-Hoogland Mountains between Botrivier and Kleinmond. It is currently threatened by the planting of vineyards, the planting of proteas and invasive plants.

Kleinmond
Kleinmond is a small coastal town in the Overberg region of the Western Cape province, South Africa. It is situated inside a UNESCO-declared biosphere about 90 km east of Cape Town between Betty's Bay and Hermanus. The town's name, meaning "small mouth" in Afrikaans, refers to its location at the mouth of the Bot River lagoon. Stone axe heads found in the area indicate that people already lived in the vicinity of nearby Hangklip  20,000 years ago. Information about the area has existed in writing since the seventeenth century.
Cirsium repandum
Cirsium repandum is a North American species of plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Common names include sand-hill thistle and coastal-plain thistle. The species is native to the south-eastern United States, the coastal plain in Virginia, Georgia, and the Carolinas.

Cirsium repandum is a biennial or perennial herb up to 80 cm (32 inches) tall. Leaves have small, narrow spines along the edges. Flower heads are sometimes produced one at a time, sometimes in small groups, each head with light purple disc florets but no ray florets. The species grows in sandy soils on sand hills or in pine barrens.

Carolinas
The Carolinas (informally Carolina) are the U.S. states of North Carolina and South Carolina considered together as a historical or cultural entity. They are bordered by Virginia to the north, Tennessee to the west, and Georgia to the southwest. The Atlantic Ocean is to the east and south.

The Carolinas originally formed the British Province of Carolina during America's early colonial period, from 1663 until they were declared two separate royal colonies in 1729. The land had previously been a part of the Colony and Dominion of Virginia, from 1609 to 1663. The province was named Carolina to honor King Charles I of England. Carolina is a feminine form of the Latin word Carolus, meaning "Charles".

The Carolinas have a total of 15,557,813 residents. The largest city of the Carolinas (ranked by land area and population) is Charlotte, North Carolina.
AJ Alatimu
AJ Alatimu (born 25 March 1993) is a Samoan rugby union player who plays as a fly-half or centre for Counties Manukau in the National Provincial Championship in New Zealand. He holds the record as the all-time leading points scorer in Major League Rugby, with a total of 504 points, accumulated while playing for the Seattle Seawolves and the Houston Sabercats between 2021 and 2025.

Houston SaberCats
The Houston SaberCats were an American professional rugby union team based in Houston, Texas, that competes in Major League Rugby (MLR). The team was founded in 2017. The SaberCats organization was born from one of the founding amateur rugby clubs that pooled resources to emerge professionally, and were the first in MLR membership to build a rugby-specific stadium intended for MLR competition. The team announced on 11 September 2025 that it would not be fielding a team for the 2026 Major League Rugby season.
Lance Humphrey
Lance Humphrey (born 30 December 1994) is a South African cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Easterns in the 2016–17 Sunfoil 3-Day Cup on 16 February 2017. Prior to his first-class debut, he played Twenty20 cricket for Easterns in the CSA Provincial T20 Challenge in 2014. He made his List A debut for Easterns in the 2017–18 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge on 11 February 2018.

Easterns cricket team
The Easterns cricket team is a South African first-class cricket team. It plays in the top-level domestic competitions organised by Cricket South Africa. The team was formerly named the Eastern Transvaal cricket team.
Propeller speed reduction unit
A propeller speed reduction unit is a gearbox or a belt and pulley device used to reduce the output revolutions per minute (rpm) from the higher input rpm of the powerplant.  This allows the use of small displacement internal combustion engines to turn aircraft propellers within an efficient speed range.

Engine displacement
Engine displacement is the measure of the cylinder volume swept by all of the pistons of a piston engine, excluding the combustion chambers. It is commonly used as an expression of an engine's size, and by extension as an indicator of the power (through mean effective pressure and rotational speed) an engine might be capable of producing and the amount of fuel it should be expected to consume. For this reason displacement is one of the measures often used in advertising, as well as regulating, motor vehicles.

It is usually expressed using the metric units of cubic centimetres (cc or cm3, equivalent to millilitres) or litres (l or L), or – particularly in the United States  – cubic inches (CID, c.i.d., cu in, or in3).
Lee Min-ji (actress, born 1988)
Lee Min-ji (Korean: 이민지; born November 1, 1988) is a South Korean actress. She began her career acting in short films See You Tomorrow (2011) and Safe (2013) as well as independent feature film End of Animal (2011). In 2016, she had her first leading role in the drama film Jane (2016) for which she received several accolades including nominations at the 26th Buil Film Awards, 38th Blue Dragon Film Awards, and 23rd Chunsa Film Art Awards. On television, she is known for her roles in Schoolgirl Detectives (2014), Reply 1988 (2015–2016), The Red Sleeve (2021–2022), and Undercover High School (2025).

Chunsa Film Art Awards
The Chunsa Film Art Awards (Korean: 춘사영화제; also known as the Icheon Chunsa Film Festival) have been presented in South Korea since the founding of the prize by the Korea Film Directors' Society in 1990. The awards take their name from the pen name of the early Korean actor and filmmaker from the silent film era, Na Woon-gyu. Prizes are given for Best Film, Best Director, Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Supporting Actor, Best Supporting Actress, Best New Director, Best New Actor, Best New Actress, Best Screenplay, Best Cinematography, Best Music/Score, Best Lighting, Best Editing, Best Art Direction, and Technical Award.
Nursing in Pakistan
Nursing is a major component of Pakistan's health-care system.  The topic has been the subject of extensive historical studies, is as of 2021 a major issue in the country, and has been the subject of much scholarly discussion amongst academics and practitioners.  In 2009, Pakistan’s government stated its intent to improve the country's nursing care.

Nursing is a health-care profession which is mainly aimed on the care of families and individuals.  Nursing is important in every part of the world, especially in developing countries like Pakistan. In 2021, Pakistan faces a great shortage of trained nurses.

Dow University of Health Sciences
The Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS) is a public medical university located in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. It was established as Dow Medical College during the British Raj in 1945 and is named after the British governor of Sindh at the time Sir Hugh Dow.

It is known for its strong emphasis on economics biomedical, health, and medical research programmes. It is ranked among the top medical schools by HEC in 2014. It also ranked latest by QS World University Rankings as among 600 best universities globally in the field of medicine.
Oshchepkov
Oshchepkov (Russian: Още́пков), female form Oshchepkova (Russian: Още́пкова), is a Russian surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Pavel K. Oshchepkov (1908–1992), Russian physicist

Stepan Oshchepkov (1934–2012), Russian sprint canoer

Vasili Oshchepkov (1893–1938), Russian martial arts specialist

Vasili Oshchepkov
Vasili Sergeyevich Oshchepkov (Russian: Васи́лий Серге́евич Още́пков; January 7, 1893 - October 10, 1937) was a Russian and Soviet researcher of different types of national wrestling and martial arts. He was ranked as a Merited Master of Sports of the USSR and an Honored Coach of the USSR. He was one of the founders of Sambo, a martial art developed in the Soviet Union. During the Great Purge, Oshchepkov was arrested in 1937 and accused of being a Japanese spy; he was executed in prison as a result.
Skaters' Meadow
Skaters' Meadow (or Skater's Meadow) is a 2-hectare (4.9-acre) nature reserve in Newnham Croft, Cambridge, UK. It is owned by Cambridge Past, Present & Future and leased for management by the Wildlife Trust for Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Northamptonshire. It takes its name from times in the 19th century, when it would freeze and the public were charged to skate around the gas lamp that still stands in the middle.

The meadow is part of the floodplain of the river Cam, between the Paradise Local Nature Reserve owned by the city council, and Grantchester Meadows now managed by Cambridge Past, Present & Future. It is flower-rich wet grassland that includes common spotted orchids, cuckooflowers, meadowsweets, marsh-marigolds and ragged-robins. There are also grass snakes and birds such as blackcaps.

There is no access to the site, but it can be viewed from the road called Grantchester Meadows.

Caltha palustris
Caltha palustris, known as marsh-marigold and kingcup, is a small to medium sized perennial herbaceous plant of the buttercup family, native to marshes, fens, ditches and wet woodland in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. It flowers between April and August, dependent on altitude and latitude, but occasional flowers may occur at other times.
Al-Atnah
Al-Atnah (Arabic: العطنة) is a Syrian village in the Al-Qutayfah District of the Rif Dimashq Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Al-Atnah had a population of 1,897 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

Al-Qutayfah District
al-Qutayfah District (Arabic: منطقة القطيفة, romanized: manṭiqat al-Qutayfah) is a district of the Rif Dimashq Governorate in southern Syria. Administrative centre is the city of al-Qutayfah. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 119,283.
Free State Gold Rush
The Free State Gold Rush was a gold rush in Free State, South Africa. It began after the end of World War II, even though gold had been discovered in the area around the year 1934. It drove major development in the region until the mid–to–late 1980s as part of the mineral revolution in South Africa.

Matjhabeng Local Municipality
Matjhabeng Municipality (Sotho: Masepala wa Matjhabeng; Xhosa: uMasipala wase Matjhabeng; Afrikaans: Matjhabeng Munisipaliteit) is a local municipality within the Lejweleputswa District Municipality, in the Free State province of South Africa. The municipality includes Welkom, Virginia, Odendaalsrus and Allanridge. Matjhabeng is a Sesotho word meaning "where nations meet". It is derived from the migrant labour system where people from various countries like Lesotho, Mozambique, etc. met to work in the mines.
Heisey House
Heisey House was the first brick dwelling in Lock Haven, county seat of Clinton County, a city built along the West Branch Canal in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. Constructed about 1831, the building served as a tavern and inn in its early days, and the town's founder, Jeremiah Church, boarded there.

Heisey House was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

Room and board
Room and board describes an accommodation which, in exchange for money, labour or other recompense, a person is provided with a place to live in addition to meals. It commonly occurs as a fee at higher educational institutions, such as colleges and universities; it also occurs in hotel-style accommodation for short stays.
Lynn Tomlinson
Lynn Tomlinson is an animator and artist. She is a professor at Towson University. She lives in Baltimore, MD, with her husband, Craig J Saper, and her family.  She has taught at Cornell University, the University of the Arts in Philadelphia, Maryland Institute College of Art, and Delaware College of Art and Design, Richard Stockton College, and Tufts University. Her films have been screened at film festivals around the world over the past two decades. She has received awards and grants including several Mid-Atlantic Emmys, an ITVS production grant, and Individual Artist Fellowships from the State Arts Councils of Pennsylvania, Florida, and Maryland.

Maryland Institute College of Art
The Maryland Institute College of Art (MICA) is a private art and design college in Baltimore, Maryland. Founded in 1826 as the Maryland Institute for the Promotion of the Mechanic Arts, it is regarded as one of the oldest art colleges in the United States.

MICA is a member of the Association of Independent Colleges of Art and Design (AICAD), a consortium of US art schools. The college hosts pre-college, post-baccalaureate, continuing studies, Master of Fine Arts, and Bachelor of Fine Arts programs, as well as young peoples' studio art classes.
Weinkauf
Weinkauf is an occupational surname of German origin, referring to a wine merchant. Notable people with the surname include:

Danny Weinkauf (born 1963), American musician and composer

Leo Weinkauf (born 1996), German footballer

Danny Weinkauf
Daniel Stephen Weinkauf (born December 4, 1963) is an American musician and composer. He has been the bassist for They Might Be Giants (TMBG) since 1999. He has recorded and toured with the band since the late 1990s.

Weinkauf had previously performed in a band called Lincoln along with TMBG's now lead guitarist Dan Miller and drummer Gonzalo Martinez De La Cotera. He has written four songs for TMBG, all for their children's albums.
Orwashers Bakery
Orwashers Bakery is a famous breadmaking business in New York City that has been listed among the top ten bakeries in America. It was established in 1916 on 78th Street near the Yorkville area of the New York City borough of Manhattan. It is now one of the last vestiges of the thriving immigrant population that lived in that area around the start of the 20th century.

Bread
Bread is a baked food product made from water, flour, and often yeast. It is a staple food across the world, particularly in Europe and the Middle East. Throughout recorded history and around the world, it has been an important part of many cultures' diets. It is one of the oldest human-made foods, having been of significance since the dawn of agriculture, and plays an essential role in both religious rituals and secular culture.

Bread may be leavened by naturally occurring microbes (e.g. sourdough), chemicals (e.g. baking soda), industrially produced yeast, or high-pressure aeration, which creates the gas bubbles that fluff up bread. Bread may also be unleavened. In many countries, mass-produced bread often contains additives to improve flavor, texture, color, shelf life, nutrition, and ease of production.