hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nairnshire (Parliament of Scotland constituency)
Nairnshire was a constituency of the Parliament of Scotland before the Union with England in 1707. The barons of the shire or sheriffdom of Nairn elected two commissioners to represent them in the Parliament and in the Convention of Estates.

At the time of the Union Hugh Rose, commissioner for Nairnshire was chosen as one of the Scottish representatives to the first Parliament of Great Britain. From 1708 Nairnshire elected one Member of Parliament to the British House of Commons.

Convention of the Estates of Scotland
The Convention of Estates of Scotland was a sister institution to the Scottish Parliament which sat from the early sixteenth century. Initially, it was only attended by the clergy and nobles, but the burgh commissioners were later added. The Convention of Estates differed from Parliament in that it could be summoned by the King for the limited purpose of raising taxation, but could not pass other legislation.

Like its predecessor General Council it played an important role in political and legislative affairs in Scotland in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

During the Glorious Revolution in Scotland, the Scottish Privy Council asked the King of England, William of Orange, to summon the Convention of Estates of 1689 to determine the throne of Scotland.  It offered it to William and Mary, adopting the Articles of Grievances and Claim of Right Act 1689, and transformed itself into a full parliament.
Eye Bet
Eye Bet was a Canadian television game show hosted by Jim Perry, which aired on CTV from 1972 to 1974. Perry's announcer, as with most Jim Perry game shows in Canada, was smooth-voiced CFTO-TV weatherman Dave Devall. The object of Eye Bet was for contestants to view old Hollywood movie clips, then answer questions about each clip, testing their skills of observation.

This game show is similar to that of an ABC game show, The Reel Game, hosted and produced by Jack Barry which was a weekly nighttime series that lasted for a little more than three months.

The series was cancelled by CTV in 1974.

According to TV North, a book about the history of Canadian television by Peter Kenter, production of Eye Bet was cancelled when the costs of licensing the movie clips became prohibitive.

Jack Barry (game show host)
Jack Barry (born Jack Barasch; March 20, 1918 – May 2, 1984) was an American game show host, television personality and executive who made a name for himself in the game show field. Barry served as host of several game shows in his career, many of which he developed along with Dan Enright as part of their joint operation Barry & Enright Productions.

Barry's reputation became tarnished due to his involvement in the 1950s quiz show scandals and the ensuing fallout affected his career for over a decade.
CX-516
CX-516 is an ampakine and nootropic that acts as an AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator and had been undergoing development by a collaboration between Cortex, Shire, and Servier. It was studied as a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease under the brand name Ampalex, and was also being examined as a treatment for ADHD.

CX-516 was the first ampakine compound developed by Cortex and while it showed good in vitro activity and positive results in animal tests, the human trials proved disappointing due mainly to low potency and short half-life. However, CX-516 is still widely used in animal research into the ampakine drugs and is the standard reference compound that newer, more potent drugs of this class such as farampator and CX-717 are compared to.

Nootropic
Nootropics (/noʊ.əˈtroʊpɪks/ noh-ə-TROHP-iks or /noʊ.əˈtrɒpɪks/ noh-ə-TROP-iks; colloquially brain supplements, smart drugs, cognitive enhancers, memory enhancers, or brain boosters) are chemical substances which purportedly improve cognitive functions, such as attention, memory, wakefulness, and self-control.

In the United States, nootropics can be over-the-counter drugs and commonly advertised with unproven claims of effectiveness for improving cognition. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have warned manufacturers and consumers about possible advertising fraud and marketing scams concerning nootropic supplements. Nootropics include both prescription drugs and dietary supplements marketed to enhance brain function, but while FDA-approved drugs have proven benefits and oversight, many dietary supplements lack evidence, may contain unapproved or hidden drugs, and pose safety and regulatory risks.
Exodus (2020 film)
Exodus (Persian: خروج, romanized: Ḵorouj) is a 2020 Iranian drama film written and directed by Ebrahim Hatamikia. Exodus narrates the story of Rahmat Bakhshi, an Iran–Iraq War veteran and his fellow hard-working cotton farmers that lose all their crops after their farms are inadvertently inundated with salt water from a local dam. In response, they drive their tractors to the Presidential Administration in protest.

Exodus screened for the first time at the 38th Fajr Film Festival, and has created controversy. The film opened on 12 April 2020.

Tractor
A tractor is an engineering vehicle specifically designed to deliver a high tractive effort (or torque) at slow speeds, for the purposes of hauling a trailer or machinery such as that used in agriculture, mining or construction.  Most commonly, the term is used to describe a farm vehicle that provides the power and traction to mechanize agricultural tasks, especially (and originally) tillage, and now many more. Agricultural implements may be towed behind or mounted on the tractor, and the tractor may also provide a source of power if the implement is mechanised.
Euroflag
Euroflag was a collaboration of European aerospace companies formed for the development of the Future Large Aircraft project which was eventually to result in the Airbus A400M Atlas. Development eventually moved under the stewardship of Airbus Defence and Space.

Alenia Aeronautica
Alenia Aeronautica was an Italian aerospace company. Its subsidiaries included Alenia Aermacchi and Alenia Aeronavali.

Alenia Aeronautica was also the part-owner of ATR, a joint venture with European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS).

During January 2012, the company was reorganized as Alenia Aermacchi. Three years later, it was fully merged into Finmeccanica, which has since reorganised itself as a more integrated business, adopting the Leonardo name for the group
Maulian Bryant
Maulian Bryant (formerly Maulian Dana; born May 17, 1984) is a Penobscot activist and political figure. A former member of the Penobscot Nation Tribal Council, she was appointed the Penobscot Nation's first tribal ambassador in 2017 and continued in that role until 2024. In September of that year, she accepted a position as executive director of the Wabanaki Alliance, representing the four Indigenous Nations in Maine.

Skowhegan, Maine
Skowhegan (/skaʊˈhiːɡən/) is the county seat of Somerset County, Maine, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the town population was 8,620. It contains the census-designated place of the same name. Every August, Skowhegan hosts the annual Skowhegan State Fair, the oldest continuously held state fair in the United States. Skowhegan was originally inhabited by the indigenous Abenaki people who named the area Skowhegan, meaning "watching place [for fish]," and were mostly dispersed by the end of the 4th Anglo-Abenaki War.
Katakura Shigenaga
Katakura Shigenaga (片倉 重長, 1585 – May 16, 1659) was a Japanese samurai of the Azuchi-Momoyama period through early Edo period. The son of Katakura Kagetsuna, Shigenaga was the second man to bear the common name Kojūrō. His name was originally Shigetsuna; however, to avoid conflict with the fourth shōgun Ietsuna's name, he changed it to Shigenaga.

In 1614, he took part in the Osaka Campaign, fighting Gotō Matabei at Dōmyōji Temple.

Following the Osaka Campaign, Shigenaga married a daughter of Sanada Yukimura and his wife, Chikurin-in (Ōtani Yoshitsugu's daughter and adopted daughter of Toyotomi Hideyoshi), and adopted their second son, Sanada Daihachi, later known as "Katakura Heinosuke Morinobu". He also assisted many of the masterless former Sanada retainers.

He was succeeded by his maternal grandson also adopted son, Kagenaga.

Tokugawa Ietsuna
Tokugawa Ietsuna (徳川 家綱; 7 September 1641 – 4 June 1680) was the fourth shōgun of the Tokugawa dynasty of Japan who was in office from 1651 to 1680. He is considered the eldest son of Tokugawa Iemitsu, which makes him the grandson of Tokugawa Hidetada and the great-grandson of Tokugawa Ieyasu.
Daojiao railway station
Daojiao railway station (Chinese: 道滘站; pinyin: Dàojiào Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Douhgaau Jaahm) is a railway station in Daojiao, Dongguan, Guangdong, China. It opened on 28 December 2017, and was the western terminus of the Guangzhou–Huizhou intercity railway before Dongguan West opened on 15 December 2019.

Daojiao, Guangdong
Daojiao (Chinese: 道滘; pinyin: Dàojiào) is a town under the jurisdiction of Dongguan prefecture-level city in the Pearl River Delta region of Guangdong province, China. As of the year 2020, it had a population of 159,502.
SE Park Ave station
Southeast Park Avenue is a light rail station on the MAX Orange Line located at Southeast McLoughlin Boulevard and Park Avenue in Oak Grove, an unincorporated area neighboring Milwaukie in Clackamas County, Oregon, in the United States. It is the terminus and southernmost stop on the Orange Line and has a 401-space park and ride facility.

Older plans for the station included a parking garage south of Southeast Park Avenue that were later scrapped.

Originally, it was planned that this station would be one of two MAX stations, the other being Southeast Bybee Boulevard (also on the Orange Line), that would have fare turnstiles installed as part of a TriMet pilot project during the testing of the Hop Fastpass electronic fare system in 2017, but those plans have not proceeded.

On August 5, 2022, a MAX train collided into a stopblock and damaged parts of the platform.

In March 2024, TriMet began construction of two additional stories at the Park & Ride.

Buffer stop
A buffer stop, bumper, bumping post, bumper block or stopblock (US), is a device to prevent railway vehicles from going past the end of a physical section of track.

The design of the buffer stop is dependent, in part, on the kind of couplings that the railway uses, since the coupling gear is the first part of the vehicle that the buffer stop touches. The term "buffer stop" is of Italian origin, since railways in Italy principally use buffer-and-screw couplings between vehicles.
William Cary (instrument maker)
William Cary (1759–16 November 1825) was an English scientific-instrument maker. Trained under Jesse Ramsden, he produced numerous scientific instruments including mechanical calculators, measuring instruments, telescopes, microscopes, navigation and survey equipment.

William Cary was born to George and Mary Cary. He had three brothers, the eldest George (ca. 1753-1830) was a haberdasher while the second brother John, was a mapmaker who also worked with William and the last, Francis (ca. 1756-1836) was an engraver. Cary learnt the skills for producing instruments as an apprentice of Jesse Ramsden (1735-1800).

The instruments made by William Cary were used around the world including Russia and India. He also made instruments for the English chemist William Hyde Wollaston. After his death in 1825, the firm was taken over by Charles Gould who may have trained briefly under William Cary.

Haberdasher
In British English, a haberdasher is a business or person who sells small articles for sewing, dressmaking and knitting, such as buttons, ribbons and zips; in the United States, the term refers instead to  a men's clothing store that sells  suits, shirts, neckties, men's dress shoes and other items.
Box of Tricks (The Avengers)
"Box of Tricks" is the seventeenth episode of the second series of the 1960s cult British spy-fi television series The Avengers, starring Patrick Macnee and Julie Stevens. It was first broadcast in the Teledu Cymru region of the ITV network on Friday 18 January 1963. ABC Weekend TV, who produced the show for ITV, broadcast it the next day in its own regions. The episode was directed by Kim Mills and written by Peter Ling and Edward Rhodes.

Spy-fi (subgenre)
Spy-fi is a subgenre of spy fiction that includes elements of science fiction, and is often associated with the Cold War. Features of spy-fi include the effects of technology on the espionage trade and the technological gadgets used by the characters, even though the technologies and gadgets portrayed are well beyond contemporary scientific reality.
Solaris (novel)
Solaris (/səˈlɑːrɪs/) is a 1961 science fiction novel by Polish writer Stanisław Lem. It follows a crew of scientists on a space station research facility as they attempt to understand an extraterrestrial intelligence, which takes the form of a vast ocean on the titular alien planet. The novel is one of Lem's best-known works.

The book has been adapted many times for film, radio, and theater. Prominent film adaptations include Andrei Tarkovsky's 1972 version and Steven Soderbergh's 2002 version, although Lem said that the films shifted away from the book's thematic emphasis on the limitations of human rationality.

Polskie Radio
The Polish Radio (PR; Polish: Polskie Radio, PR) is a national public-service radio broadcasting organization of Poland, founded in 1925. It is owned by the State Treasury of Poland. On 27 December 2023, the Minister of Culture and National Heritage, due to the President's veto on the financing of the company, placed it in liquidation.
Archibald Bulloch Roosevelt Jr.
Archibald Bulloch Roosevelt Jr. (February 18, 1918 – May 31, 1990), a grandson of U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt, was a soldier, scholar, polyglot, authority on the Middle East, and career CIA officer. He served as chief of the Central Intelligence Agency's stations in Istanbul, Madrid and London. Roosevelt had a speaking or reading knowledge of at least twenty languages.

Scholarly method
The scholarly method or scholarship is the body of principles and practices used by scholars and academics to make their claims about their subjects of expertise. These principles and practices aim to ensure the validity and trustworthiness of the claims, and to disseminate them to the scholarly community. It comprises the methods that systemically advance the teaching, research, and practice of a scholarly or academic field of study through rigorous inquiry. Scholarship is creative, can be documented, can be replicated, or elaborated, and that can be and is peer reviewed through various methods. The scholarly method includes the subcategories of the scientific method, with which scientists use to bolster their claims, and the historical method, with which historians use to verify their claims.
Val-d'Étangson
Val-d'Étangson (French pronunciation: [val detɑ̃sɔ̃]) is a commune in the Sarthe department in the Pays de la Loire region in north-western France. It was established on 1 January 2019 by merger of the former communes of Évaillé (the seat) and Sainte-Osmane.

Pays de la Loire
Pays de la Loire (French pronunciation: [pe.i d(ə) la lwaʁ]) is one of the eighteen administrative regions of France, located on the country's Atlantic coast. It was created in the 1950s to serve as a zone of influence for its capital and most populated city, Nantes, one of a handful of French "balancing metropolises" (métropoles d'équilibre). In 2020, Pays de la Loire had a population of 3,832,120.
Chullpani (Cochabamba)
Chullpani (Aymara chullpa an ancient funerary building, -ni a suffix to indicate ownership, "the one with chullpa constructions") is a 2,788-metre-high (9,147 ft) mountain in the Andes of Bolivia. It is located in the Cochabamba Department, Mizque Province, Mizque Municipality.

Mizque Province
Mizque (from Quechua: misk'i, meaning "sweet") is a province in the Cochabamba Department, Bolivia. Its capital is Mizque.

The province, in 1992, had a population of  27,959 inhabitants, mostly indigenous citizens of Quechuan descent. In 2001, the population increased to 36,181 inhabitants and it was estimated at 41,062 in 2005.
Mahim Bora
Mahim Bora (6 July 1924 – 5 August 2016) was a prominent Indian writer and educationist from Assam. His notable works include "Kathonibari Ghat," a collection of short stories, and "Edhani Mahir Hanhi," a novel. He was elected as a president of the Assam Sahitya Sabha held in 1989 at Doomdooma. He was awarded most notably the Padma Shri in 2011, the Sahitya Akademi Award in 2001 and the Assam Valley Literary Award in 1998. Assam Sahitya Sabha conferred its highest honorary title Sahityacharyya on him in 2007.
He also participated in the Quit India Movement of 1942 held in Kaliabor town in the Nagaon district of Assam.

Kaliabor
Kaliabor, a sub-division town in Nagaon district of Assam situated at a distance of 48 km east of Nagaon town. It was the headquarters of Borphukans during the Ahom era. Kaliabor lies in the middle of assam and surrounded in the north by the Brahmaputra, in the south by the hills of Karbi Anglong district, in the east by Kaziranga National Park under Golaghat district and in the west by New Gatanga & Samaguri under Nagaon Sadar Sub-Division.

Kaliabor – the rice bowl of Assam – Kaliabor occupies an important place in the annals of Assam history. The name "Kaliabor" owes its origin to the word "Tun-Rung-Dam", which means 'A Place of Black Big Trees' in the Tai language (Tun = Tree, Rung = Big, Dam = Black).

Kaliabor is famous for its several tourist spots both religious and natural. Distinct religious site includes Bharali Namghar, Silghat Kamakhya Mandir, Trishuldhari Shiva Mandir, Hatimura Durga Mandir, Gatanga Temple Located in New Gatanga.
Adrian Garcea
Adrian Garcea (born 1 June 1999) is a Romanian long-distance runner.

In 2018, he finished in 14th place in the men's 5000 metres event at the 2018 IAAF World U20 Championships held in Tampere, Finland. He also competed in the men's 1500 metres event where he was disqualified after infringement of the inside border.

In 2019, he competed in the senior men's race at the 2019 IAAF World Cross Country Championships held in Aarhus, Denmark. He finished in 118th place. In the same year, he also competed in the men's 1500 metres event at the 2019 European Athletics U23 Championships held in Gävle, Sweden. He did not qualify to compete in the final.

2019 European Athletics U23 Championships
The 2019 European Athletics U23 Championships were the 12th edition of the biennial athletics competition between European athletes under the age of twenty-three. It was held in Gävle, Sweden from 11 to 14 July.
Georgetown (mixtape)
Georgetown is a mixtape by American rapper Fat Trel. It was released on June 9, 2015, through Maybach Music Group and Slutty Boyz, and also released for digital download on LiveMixtapes for free. The mixtape features guest appearances from Wale, Rick Ross, Troy Ave, Boosa Da Shoota, Fetty Wap, and J Beale, while production on the mixtape was handled by Beat Billionaire, Cool & Dre, Young Chop, David D.A. Doman, K.E. on the Track, and Yung Lan, among others.

Georgetown serves as a follow-up to his previous 2014 mixtape Gleesh (2014). As of 2023, the mixtape was later re-released as a commercial mixtape exclusively on the streaming platforms (such as Apple Music, Spotify, Tidal, and Amazon Music) in its entirety.

Troy Ave
Roland Collins (born November 23, 1985), better known by his stage name Troy Ave, is an American rapper. Hailing from New York City's Crown Heights neighborhood, his moniker is adapted from a street near his childhood home. His two studio albums, New York City: The Album (2013) and Major Without a Deal (2015), were both self-released and entered the Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart; the latter entered the Billboard 200. He was named in XXL magazine's 2014 Freshmen Class.
7th/21st Light Horse Regiment (Australia)
The 7th/21st Light Horse Regiment was a mounted infantry regiment of the Australian Army. Initially formed in 1936 through the amalgamation of two previously existing light horse regiments, the 7th/21st was formed as a part time unit in the state of New South Wales. It was split again in 1937. During the Second World War, the two constituent regiments undertook defensive duties in Australia before being disbanded in late 1943. The 7th/21st was re-raised in the post war period, in 1948, as a reconnaissance regiment with the 2nd Division. It remained on the order of battle until late 1957 when its personnel were used to re-raise an infantry unit, which eventually formed part of the Royal New South Wales Regiment.

Mounted infantry
Mounted infantry were infantry who rode horses instead of marching. Unlike cavalry, mounted infantry dismounted to fight on foot.  The original dragoons were essentially mounted infantry. According to the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911), "Mounted rifles are half cavalry, mounted infantry merely specially mobile infantry." Today, with motor vehicles having replaced horses for military transport, the motorized infantry are in some respects successors to mounted infantry.
Spherical category
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a spherical category is a pivotal category (a monoidal category with traces) in which left and right traces coincide.
Spherical fusion categories give rise to a family of three-dimensional topological state sum models (a particular formulation of a topological quantum field theory), the Turaev-Viro model, or rather Turaev-Viro-Barrett-Westbury model.

Topological quantum field theory
In gauge theory and mathematical physics, a topological quantum field theory (or topological field theory or TQFT) is a quantum field theory that computes topological invariants.

While TQFTs were invented by physicists, they are also of mathematical interest, being related to, among other things, knot theory and the theory of four-manifolds in algebraic topology, and to the theory of moduli spaces in algebraic geometry. Donaldson, Jones, Witten, and Kontsevich have all won Fields Medals for mathematical work related to topological field theory.

In condensed matter physics, topological quantum field theories are the low-energy effective theories of topologically ordered states, such as fractional quantum Hall states, string-net condensed states, and other strongly correlated quantum liquid states.
172nd Attack Squadron
The 172nd Attack Squadron (172 ATKS) is a unit of the Michigan Air National Guard 110th Wing located at Battle Creek Air National Guard Base, Battle Creek, Michigan. The 172nd is equipped with the MQ-9 Reaper drone.

The squadron was first organized during World War II as the 375th Fighter Squadron.  It saw combat in the European Theater of Operations as an element of VII Fighter Command before returning to the United States, where it was inactivated.

In May 1946, the squadron was allotted to the National Guard as the 172nd Fighter Squadron.  During the Korean War, the squadron was called into federal service and acted in an air defense role until being returned to the Michigan Air National Guard in 1952. It had various flying missions, including fighter, reconnaissance and airlift until 2013, when it was converted to a support unit.

VII Fighter Command
The VII Fighter Command was a command and control organization of the United States Army Air Forces. Its last assignment was with Far East Air Forces. The Headquarters were based at several locations with forward command moving with the campaigns. It was redesignated the 20th Fighter Wing and later, the 46th Fighter Wing before inactivating on 24 August 1948.