hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sernursky District
Sernursky District (Russian: Се́рнурский райо́н; Meadow Mari: Шернур кундем, Šernur kundem) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fourteen in the Mari El Republic, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the republic. The area of the district is 1,032 square kilometers (398 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Sernur. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 25,672, with the population of Sernur accounting for 33.8% of that number.

Mari El
Mari El, officially the Mari El Republic, is a republic of Russia. It is in the European region of the country, along the northern bank of the Volga River, and administratively part of the Volga Federal District. The republic has a population of 696,459 (2010 Census). Yoshkar-Ola is the capital and largest city.

Mari El, one of Russia's ethnic republics, was established for the indigenous Mari people, a Finno-Ugric nation who have traditionally lived along the Volga and Kama Rivers. The majority of the republic's population are ethnic Russians (52.5%), with a significant Mari minority (40.1%), and smaller minority populations of Tatars and Chuvash. The official languages are Russian and Mari. Mari El is bordered by Nizhny Novgorod Oblast to the west, Kirov Oblast to the north, Tatarstan to the east, and Chuvashia to the south.
Semenyuk
Semenyuk or Semeniuk (Ukrainian: Семенюк) is a Ukrainian surname. The surname is also used by Poles and Belarusians. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrey Semenyuk (born 1971), Belarusian diver

Kamil Semeniuk (born 1996), Polish volleyball player

Karolina Semeniuk-Olchawa (born 1983), Polish handball player

Oleksandr Semenyuk (born 1987), Ukrainian footballer

Serhiy Semenyuk (born 1991), Ukrainian footballer

Valentyna Semenyuk-Samsonenko (1957–2014), Ukrainian politician

Vasyl Semeniuk (born 1949), Ukrainian bishop

Yurii Semeniuk (born 1994), Ukrainian volleyball player

Alexander Semenyuk (born 1986), Ukrainian fiction author

Yurii Semeniuk
Yurii Hennadiiovych Semeniuk (Ukrainian: Юрій Геннадійович Семенюк; born 12 May 1994) is a Ukrainian professional volleyball player who plays as a middle blocker for Projekt Warsaw and the Ukraine national team.
Law & Order season 15
The fifteenth season of Law & Order premiered on NBC with a two-hour premiere on September 22, 2004, and concluded on May 18, 2005. This is the last season to feature Elisabeth Röhm before she was replaced by Annie Parisse.

Jesse L. Martin
Jesse Lamont Martin (né Watkins; January 18, 1969) is an American actor and singer. He is best known for his role of Tom Collins on Broadway in the musical Rent and performed on television as NYPD Detective Ed Green on Law & Order, Captain Joe West on The Flash, and professor Alec Mercer on The Irrational.
Manichaean Compendium
The Manichean Compendium is a Manichaean manuscript found in the Mogao Caves. It is a manuscript expounding the doctrine of Manicheaism. It was written in the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang by the Persian missionary Fuduo in 731. It briefly summarizes the basic teachings and rituals of the religion, and is an introductory document for understanding Manichaeism.

Emperor Xuanzong of Tang
Emperor Xuanzong of Tang ([ɕwǎn.tsʊ́ŋ]; 8 September 685 – 3 May 762), personal name Li Longji, was an emperor of the Tang dynasty of China, reigning from 712 to 756. His reign of 44 years was the longest during the Tang dynasty. Through two palace coups, he seized the throne and inherited an empire still in its golden age. He was initially assisted by capable chancellors like Yao Chong, Song Jing and Zhang Yue who were already serving as government officials before Xuanzong ascended the throne. However, under Emperor Xuanzong, the empire reached its turning point and went into sharp decline and near collapse, due to numerous political missteps throughout his long reign, such as over-trusting chancellors Li Linfu, Yang Guozhong and general An Lushan, with Tang's golden age ending in the An Lushan rebellion.
1935 Australian Championships – Women's doubles
The first seeds Evelyn Dearman and Nancy Lyle defeated Louie Bickerton and Nell Hopman 6–3, 6–4 in the wholly replayed final, to win the women's doubles tennis title at the 1935 Australian Championships.

The original final encounter had to be ceased because of falling light. The score stood at set all: 6–3, 2–6.

Nell Hall Hopman
Eleanor "Nell" Mary Hall Hopman, CBE (née Hall; 9 March 1909 – 10 January 1968) was one of the female tennis players that dominated Australian tennis from 1930 through the early 1960s. She was the first wife of Harry Hopman, the coach and captain of 22 Australian Davis Cup teams.
Lanier Technical College
Lanier Technical College (LTC or Lanier Tech) is a public technical college with multiple locations in the U.S. state of Georgia.  It is part of the Technical College System of Georgia and provides education services for a seven-county service area in north Georgia. The school's service area includes Banks, Barrow, Dawson, Forsyth, Hall, Jackson, and Lumpkin counties. Lanier Tech is accredited by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools and many of the school's individual technical programs are also accredited by their respective accreditation organizations.

Banks County, Georgia
Banks County is a county in the Northeast region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 18,035, down from 18,395 in 2010. The county seat is Homer. The Old Banks County Courthouse is located in Homer and listed on the National Register of Historic Places. A new county courthouse was constructed adjacent to the old one in 1983.
Farès Bousdira
Farès Bousdira (born 20 September 1953) is a French former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

While at Lens, he played his only match for the France national team, a 2–0 friendly win over Poland on 24 April 1976 at his club ground, the Stade Félix-Bollaert.

RC Lens
Racing Club de Lens (French pronunciation: [ʁasiŋ klœb də lɑ̃s]), commonly referred to as RC Lens or simply as Lens, is a French professional football club based in the northern city of Lens in the department of Pas-de-Calais. The club's nickname, Les Sang et Or (transl. The Blood and Gold), comes from its traditional colours of red and gold. As of the 2024–25 season, Lens competes in Ligue 1, the highest tier of French football.

Lens won the Division 1 (now Ligue 1) title in the 1997–98 season, and has finished as runner-up on five occasions, most recently in the 2022–23 season. The club has a strong rivalry with neighbors Lille OSC, with whom they contest the Derby du Nord.
Taiwan Historica
23°56′13.2″N 120°42′02.5″E﻿ / ﻿23.937000°N 120.700694°E﻿ / 23.937000; 120.700694

The Taiwan Historica (TH; traditional Chinese: 國史館臺灣文獻館; simplified Chinese: 国史馆台湾文献馆; pinyin: Guóshǐguǎn Táiwān Wénxiànguǎn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kok-sú-koán Tâi-oân Bûn-hiàn-koán) is an institution located in Zhongxing New Village, Nantou City, Nantou County, Taiwan established to compile the common history of Taiwan Province.

Zhongxing New Village
Zhongxing New Village, sometimes rendered as Chunghsing New Village is an urban village located in Nantou City, Nantou County, Taiwan (ROC) and was the seat of government of Taiwan Province until the abolition of the Taiwan Provincial Government in 2018. The term zhōngxīng is from a Chinese legend Shao Kang Resurgence (少康中興; Shàokāng Zhōngxīng), referring to the restoration of the Xia dynasty by king Shao Kang, an allusion to the ROC government taking back mainland China.

It is a planned town with a population of 25,549 as of February 2010. With all the buildings owned by the government, development is strictly controlled and carefully planned.
Lateral retinaculum
The lateral retinaculum is the fibrous tissue on the lateral (outer) side of the kneecap (patella). The kneecap has both a medial (on the inner aspect) and a lateral (on the outer side) retinaculum, and these help to support the kneecap in its position in relation to the femur bone underneath it.

The lateral retinaculum is an extension of the fibrous 'aponeurosis' of the vastus lateralis muscle (itself a part of the quadriceps muscles making up the 'lap').

Connective tissue
Connective tissue is biological tissue that is found in between other tissues in the body. Most types of connective tissue consists of three main components: elastic and collagen fibers, ground substance, and cells.

It is one of the four primary types of animal tissue along with epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. It develops mostly from the mesenchyme, derived from the mesoderm, the middle embryonic germ layer.

The three meninges, membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord, are composed of connective tissue. Blood and lymph are classed as specialized fluid connective tissues that do not contain fiber. All are immersed in the body water. The cells of connective tissue include fibroblasts, adipocytes, macrophages, mast cells and leukocytes.

The term "connective tissue" (in German, Bindegewebe) was introduced in 1830 by Johannes Peter Müller. The tissue was already recognized as a distinct class in the 18th century.
Alternatives to car use
Established alternatives to car use are usually used to refer to transportation options that can improve health through increased physical activity, reduced pollution, less resource use and emissions, reduced congestion, less wasted time and money, as well as creating more livable and equitable communities by fostering social inclusion and reallocating space from parking and roads to other uses. Common alternatives include cycling, walking, kick scooters, rollerblading, skateboarding, twikes and (electric or internal combustion) motorcycles. Other alternatives are public transport vehicles (buses, guided buses, trolleybuses, trains, subways, monorails, tramways).

Guided bus
Guided buses are buses capable of being steered by external means, usually on a dedicated track or roll way that excludes other traffic, permitting the maintenance of schedules even during rush hours. Unlike railbuses, trolleybuses or rubber-tyred trams, for part of their routes guided buses are able to share road space with general traffic along conventional roads, or with conventional buses on standard bus lanes. Guidance systems can be physical, such as kerbs or guide bars, or remote, such as optical or radio guidance.

A guided bus line can be categorised as bus rapid transit and may be articulated bus and bi-articulated bus, allowing more passengers, but not as many as light rail or trams, which are not constrained to a regulated maximum size in order to freely navigate public roads.
Upwelling
Upwelling is an oceanographic phenomenon that involves wind-driven motion of dense, cooler, and usually nutrient-rich water from deep water towards the ocean surface. It replaces the warmer and usually nutrient-depleted surface water. The nutrient-rich upwelled water stimulates the growth and reproduction of primary producers such as phytoplankton. The biomass of phytoplankton and the presence of cool water in those regions allow upwelling zones to be identified by cool sea surface temperatures (SST) and high concentrations of chlorophyll a.

The increased availability of nutrients in upwelling regions results in high levels of primary production and thus fishery production.  Approximately 25% of the total global marine fish catches come from five upwellings, which occupy only 5% of the total ocean area. Upwellings that are driven by coastal currents or diverging open ocean have the greatest impact on nutrient-enriched waters and global fishery yields.

Biomass
Biomass is material produced by the growth of microorganisms, plants or animals. Beyond this general definition, there are differences in how the term is used and applied depending on industry or subject-matter norms. For example, it may be more narrowly defined as just plant matter, or as a combination of plant and animal matter.
Just Call Me Lonesome (Radney Foster song)
"Just Call Me Lonesome" is a song recorded by American country music artist Radney Foster. It was released in July 1992 as the lead single from his debut album Del Rio, TX 1959 and was co-written by Foster and George Ducas. It peaked at No. 10 on the Billboard country music chart in 1992 and was Foster's first release independently of the duo Foster & Lloyd.

Del Rio, TX 1959
Del Rio, TX 1959 is the debut solo studio album by American country music artist Radney Foster. It was released in 1992 (see 1992 in country music) on the Arista Nashville label, and it produced five singles for Foster on the Billboard country charts: "Just Call Me Lonesome", "Nobody Wins", "Easier Said Than Done", "Hammer and Nails", and "Closing Time". All of these except "Closing Time" were Top 40 hits on the country charts; "Nobody Wins" was the highest-charting, reaching #2.

The album's title refers to Foster's birth year and birthplace.
CYP109E1
Cytochrome P450 family 109 subfamily E member 1 (abbreviated CYP109E1) is a prokaryote monooxygenase of CYP109 family originally from Bacillus megaterium, could atc as a 24- and 25-Hydroxylase for Cholesterol.

Priestia megaterium
Priestia megaterium (Bacillus megaterium prior to 2020) is a rod-like, Gram-positive, mainly aerobic, spore forming bacterium found in widely diverse habitats. It has a cell length up to 100 μm and a diameter of 0.1 μm, which is quite large for bacteria. The cells often occur in pairs and chains, where the cells are joined by polysaccharides on the cell walls.

In the 1980s, prior to the use of Bacillus subtilis for this purpose, P. megaterium was the main model organism among Gram-positive bacteria for intensive studies on biochemistry, sporulation, and bacteriophages. Recently, its popularity has started increasing in the field of biotechnology for its recombinant protein-production capacity.
Lajos Für
Lajos Für (21 December 1930 – 22 October 2013) was a Hungarian politician and historian, who served as Minister of Defence between 1990 and 1994. From 1994 to 1996 he was also chairman of the Hungarian Democratic Forum (MDF), the ruling conservative party led by late prime minister József Antall to his death in 1993.

Für was born in Egyházasrádóc. He participated in the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. In later years, he was active in Magyar Gárda, a paramilitary organization which had connections to Jobbik and was described as neo-fascist. He died, aged 82, on 22 October 2013, in Budapest.

Neo-fascism
Neo-fascism is a post-World War II far-right ideology which includes significant elements of fascism. Neo-fascism usually includes ultranationalism, ultraconservatism, racial supremacy, right-wing populism, authoritarianism, nativism, xenophobia, and anti-immigration sentiment, as well as opposition to social democracy, parliamentarianism, Marxism, communism, socialism, liberalism, neoliberalism, and liberal democracy.
36 Camelopardalis
36 Camelopardalis is a single star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Camelopardalis. It is visible to the naked eye as a dim point of light with an apparent visual magnitude of +5.3. Parallax measurements provide a distance estimate of approximately 710 light years away from the Sun, and it is drifting away from the Earth with a radial velocity of −1.15 km/s.

36 Camelopardalis has a stellar classification of K1 III-IIIb, which indicates that it is a K-type giant star with a mild underabundance of CH molecules in its spectrum. At present it has 1.24 times the mass of the Sun but has expanded to an enlarged diameter of 42 R☉. It shines at 714 L☉ from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,589 K, giving it an orange glow. 36 Cam's metallicity is around solar level and spins slowly with a projected rotational velocity of 3 km/s.

Diameter
In geometry, a diameter of a circle is any straight line segment that passes through the centre of the circle and whose endpoints lie on the circle. It can also be defined as the longest chord of the circle. Both definitions are also valid for the diameter of a sphere.

In more modern usage, the length  of a diameter is also called the diameter. In this sense one speaks of the diameter rather than a diameter (which refers to the line segment itself), because all diameters of a circle or sphere have the same length, this being twice the radius

The word "diameter" is derived from Ancient Greek: διάμετρος (diametros), "diameter of a circle", from διά (dia), "across, through" and μέτρον (metron), "measure". It is often abbreviated  or
Robert Eramouspé
Robert Eramouspé, (Saint-Jean-de-Luz, 8 September 1935 -  Marignane, 29 May 2020), was a French rugby league player in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s.

He played for several clubs, starting with Côte Basque before its folding, later Roanne with a French Championship title in 1960 and a Lord Derby Cup title in 1962, and Marseille with two new Lord Derby Cup titles in 1965 and 1971.

Thanks to his club performances, he was called up several times to represent France between 1959 and 1964 and took part at the 1960 Rugby League World Cup.

1960 Rugby League World Cup
The 1960 Rugby League World Cup was the third World Cup for men’s national teams and was held between 24 September and 8 October and hosted in England. The same format used in 1957 was used, with Great Britain winning their second World Cup after finishing top of the group.

The 1960 World Cup raised problems which had not really affected the previous tournaments. Live television of complete games was held responsible for lower than anticipated attendances, the largest crowd being the 32,773 which gathered at Odsal for the deciding match between Australia and Great Britain.

For Australia the World Cup matches formed part of their Kangaroo Tour of Great Britain and France.
Kalyi Jag (group)
Kalyi Jag (Romani for "Black Fire") is a Hungarian Romani folk music group.

The group was founded in Budapest by Vlax Roma members who originated from the Szatmár county. It had roots in the Táncház movement. They were named Young Masters of Folk Art in 1979. The first album was released in 1987 and became a success.

The music is based on traditional Romani music, primarily Vlax Roma music, with some modernization in the interpretations, and the group has included such instruments as the guitar and the mandolin.

Their music style inspired other Romani groups in Hungary. The group is popular in the Roma population in Hungary and neighbouring countries and has held concerts in many European countries.

Early members were

Gusztáv Varga

Ágnes Künstler

József Balogh

József Nagy

Romani language
Romani (/ˈrɒməni, ˈroʊ-/ ROM-ə-nee, ROH-; also Romanes /ˈrɒmənɪs/ ROM-ən-iss, Romany, Roma; Romani: rromani ćhib) is an Indo-Aryan macrolanguage of the Romani people. The largest Romani dialects are Vlax Romani (about 500,000 speakers), Balkan Romani (600,000), and Sinte Romani (300,000). Some Romani communities speak mixed languages based on the surrounding language with retained Romani-derived vocabulary – these are known by linguists as Para-Romani varieties, rather than dialects of the Romani language itself.

The differences between the various varieties can be as large as, for example, the differences between the Slavic languages.
Ashrafiyah, Hama
Ashrafiyah (Arabic: الأشرفية)  is a Syrian village located in Qalaat al-Madiq Subdistrict in Al-Suqaylabiyah District, Hama.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ashrafiyah had a population of 492 in the 2004 census.

Hama Governorate
Hama Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة حماة Muḥāfaẓat Ḥamā) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is situated in western-central Syria, bordering Idlib and Aleppo Governorates to the north, Raqqa Governorate to the east, Homs Governorate to the south, and Tartus and Latakia Governorate to the west. It is the only Governorate (excluding Damascus) that does not border a foreign country. Measures of its area vary from 8,844 km2 to 8,883 km2, with its capital being the city of Hama, also notably being the only Governorate with no land borders with any foreign countries.
Puffed rice
Puffed rice and popped rice (or pop rice) are types of puffed grain made from rice commonly eaten in the traditional cuisines of Southeast Asia, East Asia, and South Asia. It has also been produced commercially in the West since 1904 and is popular in breakfast cereals and other snack foods.

Traditional methods to puff or pop rice include frying in oil or salt. Commercial puffed rice is usually made by heating rice kernels under high pressure in the presence of steam, though the method of manufacture varies widely. They are either eaten as loose grains or made into puffed rice cakes.

Commercial popped rice was developed by American inventor Alexander P. Anderson while he was ascertaining the water content of starch granules.

High pressure
In science and engineering, the study of high pressure examines its effects on materials and the design and construction of devices, such as a diamond anvil cell, which can create high pressure. High pressure usually means pressures of thousands (kilobars) or millions (megabars) of times atmospheric pressure (about 1 bar or 100 kilopascals).
Ramón Mestre
Ramón Bautista Mestre (August 21, 1937 – March 6, 2003), an Argentine politician, was Governor of Córdoba from July 12, 1995, to July 12, 1999. He also served as Federal Interventor of Corrientes Province (December 16, 1999, to March 20, 2001), Minister of the Interior (from March 20, 2001, to December 21, 2001), and Mayor of the City of Córdoba (from December 1983 to December 1991).

Ministry of the Interior (Argentina)
The Ministry of the Interior of Argentina is a ministry of the national executive power that manages issues pertaining to domestic politics such as immigration and co-ordination between the federal government and the governments of the provinces of Argentina.

The agency is one of the oldest ministries in the Argentine government, having existed continuously since the formation of the first Argentine executive in 1854, in the presidency of Justo José de Urquiza. The office is currently held by Diego Santilli.
Pallas (Titan)
In  Greek mythology, Pallas (/ˈpæləs/; Ancient Greek: Πάλλας) was, according to Hesiod, the son of the Titans Crius and Eurybia, the brother of Astraeus and Perses, the husband of Styx, and the father of Zelus ("Zeal" or "Emulation"), Nike ("Victory"), Kratos ("Strength" or "Power"), and Bia ("Might" or "Force"). Hyginus says that Pallas, whom he calls "the giant", also fathered with Styx: Scylla, Fontus ("Fountains") and Lacus ("Lakes"). Pallas was sometimes regarded as the Titan god of warcraft and of the springtime campaign season.

Gaius Julius Hyginus
Gaius Julius Hyginus (/hɪˈdʒaɪnəs/; c. 64 BC – AD 17) was a Latin author, a pupil of the scholar Alexander Polyhistor, and a freedman of Augustus, and reputed author of the Fabulae and the De astronomia, although this is disputed.
Become Desert
Become Desert is a composition for choir and orchestra written in 2017 by the American composer John Luther Adams. The work was commissioned by the New York Philharmonic and the Seattle Symphony with co-commissions from the San Diego Symphony and the Rotterdam Philharmonic Orchestra. Its world premiere was given by the Seattle Symphony conducted by Ludovic Morlot on March 29, 2018. Become Desert is the third part of a musical trilogy, following Adams's Become River (2010) and the Pulitzer Prize for Music-winning Become Ocean (2014).

San Diego Symphony
The San Diego Symphony is an American symphony orchestra based in San Diego, California. The orchestra performs at Jacobs Music Center and the Rady Shell at Jacobs Park. It serves as the orchestra for the San Diego Opera.