hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Centro Dom Vital
Centro Dom Vital (english: Dom Vital Center) is a historical lay Catholic cultural center based in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Founded by the lawyer and journalist Jackson de Figueiredo, it shaped 20th-century Brazilian culture by bringing together important writers, artists, and philosophers, and by advocating the Church's doctrine and social teaching.

The Center's main goals were to catechize and educate laypeople, as well as to form a conservative, anti-modernist intellectual elite. Its members were crucial in establishing the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro.

It publishes the centenary journal A Ordem (pt) annually.

Oath Against Modernism
The Oath Against Modernism was a formal oath instituted by Pope Pius X in his motu proprio Sacrorum antistitum on September 1, 1910. The oath was required of "all clergy, pastors, confessors, preachers, religious superiors, and professors in philosophical-theological seminaries" of the Catholic Church. It remained in force until the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, with the approval of Paul VI, replaced it (along with the Tridentine Profession of Faith) with a revised profession of faith in 1967.

The oath marked the culmination of Pius X's campaign against the theological movement of Modernism, which he analyzed and denounced as heretical in his 1907 encyclicals Pascendi Dominici gregis and Lamentabili sane exitu.

The Oath Against Modernism is still pronounced by the Society of Saint Pius X, and sedeprivationist and sedevacantist groups such as the Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen and the Istituto Mater Boni Consilii.
James Flynn (academic)
James Robert Flynn FRSNZ (28 April 1934 – 11 December 2020) was an American-born New Zealand moral philosopher and intelligence researcher. Originally from Washington, D.C., and educated at the University of Chicago, Flynn emigrated to Dunedin in 1963, where he taught political studies at the University of Otago. He was noted for his publications about the continued year-after-year increase of IQ scores throughout the world, which is now referred to as the Flynn effect. In addition to his academic work, he championed social democratic politics throughout his life.

Intelligence
Intelligence (/ˌɪntɛlɪˈdʒəns/) has been defined in many ways: the capacity for abstraction, logic, understanding, self-awareness, learning, emotional knowledge, reasoning, planning, creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving. It can be described as the ability to perceive or infer information and to retain it as knowledge to be applied to adaptive behaviors within an environment or context.

The term rose to prominence during the early 1900s. Most psychologists believe that intelligence can be divided into various domains or competencies.

Intelligence has been long-studied in humans, and across numerous disciplines. It has also been observed in the cognition of non-human animals. Some researchers have suggested that plants exhibit forms of intelligence, though this remains controversial.
Meg Baird
Meg Baird is an American musician based in San Francisco, California, United States, who, in addition to her solo career, is known as a founding member, lead vocalist, and drummer for Heron Oblivion, along with members from Assemble Head in Sunburst Sound and Comets on Fire. She was also a guitarist and the lead female vocalist in Philadelphia psychedelic folk rock band Espers, and played drums in Philadelphia punk band Watery Love. Baird frequently collaborates with the Los Angeles-based harpist Mary Lattimore.

Assemble Head in Sunburst Sound
Assemble Head in Sunburst Sound is a psychedelic rock band formed in San Francisco, California, in the early 2000s. Originally consisting of a trio – Michael Lardas, Jefferson Marshall, and Charlie Saufley – Assemble Head in Sunburst Sound grew to a five-piece by 2009 with the additions of multi-instrumentalists Anderson Landbridge and Camilla Saufley

Following the band's self-released 2005 debut, which was limited to 500 copies, they signed to Tee Pee Records and have since released three studio albums: Ekranoplan (2007), When Sweet Sleep Returned (2009), and Manzanita (2012).
Dick Wray
Richard Wray (December 5, 1933 - January 9, 2011) was an American abstract expressionist painter whose work had an influence on the art scene in Houston, Texas. After an art career spanning over 50 years, he died at age 77 of liver disease. His work continues to be showcased by art institutions and organizations across Houston, including the Deborah Colton Gallery, and is listed on the official website for the National Gallery of Art.

Museum of Fine Arts, Houston
The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston (MFAH), is an art museum located in the Houston Museum District of Houston, Texas. The permanent collection of the museum spans more than 5,000 years of history with nearly 80,000 works from six continents. By gallery space, it is the second-largest art museum in the Americas. Following an eight-year campus redevelopment project in the 21st century, the Nancy and Rich Kinder Building opened in 2020.  In 2023, the museum received over 900,000 visitors, making it the 20th most-visited museum in the United States.
Tyrnavos
Tyrnavos (Greek: Τύρναβος, romanized: Týrnavos) is a town and a municipality in the Larissa regional unit of the Thessaly region of Greece. According to the 2021 census, the municipality has a population of 22,280, of whom 11,210 live within the town of Tyrnavos, making it the second-largest town in the regional unit. The river Titarisios, a tributary of the Pineios, flows through the town.

Regions of Greece
The regions of Greece (Greek: περιφέρειες, romanized: periféreies) are the country's thirteen second-level administrative entities, counting decentralized administrations of Greece as first-level. Regions are divided into regional units, known as prefectures until 2011.
2016 Challenger Banque Nationale de Drummondville – Doubles
Philip Bester and Chris Guccione were the defending champions, but Guccione decided not to participate this year. Bester partnered with Peter Polansky, but lost in the quarterfinals to Daniel Evans and Lloyd Glasspool.

James Cerretani and Max Schnur won the title, defeating Evans and Glasspool 3–6, 6–3, [11–9] in the final.

Chris Guccione (tennis)
Christopher Luke Guccione (/ˌɡuːtʃiˈoʊni/ GOO-chee-OH-nee; born 30 July 1985) is an inactive Australian professional tennis player from Greenvale, Victoria. He has won five ATP Tour doubles titles, and reached career-high rankings of singles world No. 67 in April 2008 and doubles world No. 38 in November 2014.
Ćetković
Ćetković (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Ћетковић) is a Montenegrin surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Đorđije Ćetković (born 1983 in Podgorica, Montenegro), Montenegrin footballer

Petar Ćetković (born in Cetinje, Montenegro), Partisan Montenegrin War Hero and Commander during World War II

Sergej Ćetković (born 1976 in Podgorica, Montenegro), Montenegrin singer

Stela Ćetković, actress

Vlado Ćetković (born in Podgorica Montenegro), Partisan Montenegrin Commander during World War II

Vojin Ćetković (born 1971 in Krusevac, Serbia), Serbian actor of Montenegrin descent

Jelena Ćetković (1916 in Cetinje, Montenegro – 1943), Partisan Montenegrin World War II hero

Marko Ćetković (born 1986 in Podgorica, Montenegro), Montenegrin footballer

Romuald Ćetković (born 1973 in Paris, France), independent Businessman

Jelena Ćetković
Jelena Ćetković (Serbian: Јелена Ћетковић; 21 August 1916 – 14 May 1943) was a Yugoslavian communist revolutionary and activist for women’s rights. During the World Was II, she joined Yugoslav Partisans and participated in the People's Liberation War and was executed by the Nazis in 1943. After the war, she was proclaimed People's Hero of Yugoslavia. As other People's Heroes, she was held in high esteem during the communist rule in Yugoslavia, and many streets and schools were named after her.
Scouting in Mongolia
The Scout and Guide movement in Mongolia is served by:

Girl Scout Association of Mongolia, member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts

Mongolyn Skautyn Kholboo, member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement

In addition, there are USA Girl Scouts Overseas in Ulaanbaatar, serviced by way of USAGSO headquarters in New York City.

American Scouting overseas
There have been American Scouts overseas since almost the inception of the movement, often for similar reasons as the present day. Within the Scouting America formerly the Boy Scouts of America (BSA), these expatriate Scouts are now served by two overseas local Councils. Within the Girl Scouts of the USA, the USAGSO serves such a purpose.
Left atrial volume
The volume of the heart's left atrium (left atrial volume) is an important biomarker for cardiovascular physiology and clinical cardiology. It is usually calculated as left atrial volume index in terms of body surface area.

Biomarker
In biomedical contexts, a biomarker, or biological marker, is a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition. Biomarkers are often measured and evaluated using blood, urine, or soft tissues to examine normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention. Biomarkers are used in many scientific fields.
John Cooke (Royal Navy officer)
John Cooke (17 February 1762 – 21 October 1805) was an experienced and highly regarded officer of the Royal Navy during the American War of Independence, the French Revolutionary Wars and the first years of the Napoleonic Wars. Cooke is best known for his death in hand-to-hand combat with French forces during the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. During the action, his ship HMS Bellerophon was badly damaged and boarded by sailors and marines from the French ship of the line Aigle. Cooke was killed in the ensuing melee, but his crew successfully drove off their opponents and ultimately forced the surrender of Aigle.

Cooke, unlike many of his fellow officers, was never a notable society figure. He was however well respected in his profession and following his death was the subject of tributes from officers who had served alongside him. Memorials to him were placed in St Paul's Cathedral and his local church in Wiltshire.

National Maritime Museum
The National Maritime Museum (NMM) is a maritime museum in Greenwich, London. It is part of Royal Museums Greenwich, a network of museums in the Maritime Greenwich World Heritage Site. Like other publicly funded national museums in the United Kingdom, it has no general admission charge; there are admission charges for most side-gallery temporary exhibitions, usually supplemented by many loaned works from other museums.
Cane (novel)
Cane is a 1923 novel by noted Harlem Renaissance author Jean Toomer. The novel is structured as a series of vignettes revolving around the origins and experiences of African Americans in the United States. The vignettes alternate in structure between narrative prose, poetry, and play-like passages of dialogue. As a result, the novel has been classified as a composite novel or as a short story cycle. Though some characters and situations recur in different vignettes, the vignettes are mostly freestanding, tied to the other vignettes thematically and contextually more than through specific plot details.

The novel's ambitious and unconventional structure is frequently discussed in the context of modernism. Some of the vignettes from the novel have been excerpted and included in literary collections, while the poetic passage "Harvest Song" has been featured in multiple Norton poetry anthologies. The poem begins with the line: "I am a reaper whose muscles set at sundown."

Dialogue
Dialogue (sometimes spelled dialog in American English) is an interactive communication between two or more people, and a literary and theatrical form that depicts such an exchange. As a philosophical or didactic device, it is chiefly associated in the West with the Socratic dialogue as developed by Plato, but antecedents are also found in other traditions including Indian literature.
Voyageurs (camp)
Voyageurs is a French language and culture program at the Concordia Language Villages based in northern Minnesota, United States. Recreating the life of the voyageurs, French fur traders of the 18th-century, campers cook over an open fire, bathe in the lake, and complete a grand voyage by canoe during the two- or four-week stay.  All Concordia Language Villages programs are accredited by the American Camp Association.

Coureur des bois
A coureur des bois (French: [kuʁœʁ de bwɑ]; lit. 'runner of the woods') or coureur de bois (French: [kuʁœʁ də bwɑ]; pl. coureurs de(s) bois) were independent entrepreneurial French Canadian traders who travelled in New France and the interior of North America, usually to trade with First Nations peoples by exchanging various European items for furs. Sometimes they operated in competition with the larger and licensed voyageurs. Some coureurs des bois learned the trades and practices of the indigenous peoples, and even went into business with them.

These expeditions were part of the beginning of the fur trade in the North American interior. Initially they traded for beaver coats and furs.  However, as the market grew, coureurs de bois were trapping and trading prime beavers whose skins were to be felted in Europe.
Sofia Jakobsson
Eva Sofia Jakobsson (Swedish: [eːva sʊfiːa ˈjɑ̌ːkɔbˌsɔn]; born 23 April 1990) is a Swedish professional footballer who plays for Toluca and the Sweden women's national football team.

She made her debut for the Sweden women's national football team in 2011 and won her 100th cap in 2019. Jakobsson represented her country in the 2013 edition of the UEFA Women's Championship, as well as at the 2011, 2015, and 2019 FIFA Women's World Cups. She also played at the 2012, 2016, and 2020 Olympic football tournaments.

Deportivo Toluca F.C. (women)
Deportivo Toluca F.C. Femenil is a Mexican professional women's Association football club based in Toluca, State of Mexico. The club has been the female section of Deportivo Toluca F.C. since 2017 and currently playing in Liga MX Femenil. Its headquarters are located in the city of Toluca, State of Mexico, playing its home games at the Estadio Nemesio Díez.
Bukod Kang Pinagpala
Bukod Kang Pinagpala (transl. you are way blessed / international title: Mother's Love) is a 2013 Philippine television drama series broadcast by GMA Network. Directed by Don Michael Perez, it stars Camille Prats and Mona Louise Rey. It premiered on February 11, 2013 on the network's Afternoon Prime line up. The series concluded on June 7, 2013 with a total of 82 episodes.

The series is streaming online on YouTube.

Philippine television drama
Philippine television drama, also known as teleserye is a form of melodramatic, serialized, televised fiction in the Philippines. Teleserye is derived from two Filipino words: "tele", short for "telebisyón" (television), and "serye" (series).

Teleseryes share characteristics with and have roots similar to soap operas and telenovelas. They have evolved into a genre with unique characteristics, however, and often reflect Filipino social reality. Teleseryes are aired in the afternoon and prime time, five days a week. Their audience crosses age and gender lines, and they have the highest advertising rates in the Philippine television industry. Series last from three months to a year or longer, depending on ratings.

Philippine TV dramas also include serials and anthologies, usually shown weekly. These dramas have a finite number of episodes and usually last one season, again depending on ratings.
Oak Brook College of Law and Government Policy
Oak Brook College of Law and Government Policy is a correspondence law school in Fresno, California. It is not accredited but is registered with the State Bar of California and authorized to grant the degree of Juris Doctor. Graduates are therefore able to take the bar exam in California but may not be able to do so in other states. It was started in 1994 to "train individuals who desire to advance the gospel of Jesus Christ through service as advocates of truth, counselors of reconciliation, and ministers of justice in the fields of law and government policy."

Law school in the United States
A law school in the United States is an educational institution where students obtain a professional education in law after first obtaining an undergraduate degree.

Law schools in the U.S. confer the degree of Juris Doctor (J.D.), which is a professional doctorate. It is the degree usually required to practice law in the United States, and the final degree obtained by most practitioners in the field. Juris Doctor programs at law schools are usually three-year programs if done full-time, or four-year programs if done via evening classes. Some U.S. law schools include an Accelerated JD program.

Other degrees that are awarded include the Master of Laws (LL.M.) and the Doctor of Juridical Science (J.S.D. or S.J.D.) degrees, which can be more international in scope. Most law schools are colleges, schools or other units within a larger post-secondary institution, such as a university. Legal education is very different in the United States than in many other parts of the world.
Azerbaijan–Turkey relations
Relations have been strong between Azerbaijan and Turkey, the only two predominantly Turkic countries located west of the Caspian Sea and east of the Mediterranean Sea. Former Azerbaijani president Heydar Aliyev often described the two as being "one nation, two states."

Turkey was one of the first countries to recognize Azerbaijan's independence on 4 June 1918 (Treaty of Batum) and the first to recognize Azerbaijan's restoration of independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Since then, Turkey has been a staunch supporter of Azerbaijan in its efforts to consolidate its independence, preserve its territorial integrity over the Nagorno-Karabakh region, and realize its economic potential arising from the rich natural resources of the Caspian Sea. The two countries share a 17 kilometres (11 mi) long international borderline, with the Aras River separating Turkey from the Nakhchivan exclave of Azerbaijan.

Treaty of Batum
The Treaty of Batum was signed in Batumi on 4 June 1918, between the Ottoman Empire and the three Transcaucasian states: the First Republic of Armenia, the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and the Democratic Republic of Georgia. It was the first treaty of the First Republic of Armenia and the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and had 14 articles.
UDP-glucose—hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
In enzymology, an UDP-glucose—hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.12) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

UDP-glucose + alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate  alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-galactose

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-glucose and alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate, whereas its two products are alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate and UDP-galactose.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring phosphorus-containing nucleotide groups (nucleotidyltransferases).  The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase. Other names in common use include uridyl transferase, hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, uridyltransferase, and hexose 1-phosphate uridyltransferase.  This enzyme participates in galactose metabolism and nucleotide sugars metabolism.

Galactose
Galactose (/ɡəˈlæktoʊs/, galacto- + -ose,  sometimes abbreviated Gal), is a common monosaccharide, i.e. a simple sugar.  It is classified as a reducing hexose, more specifically an aldohexose.  In terms of structure, it is a C-4 epimer of glucose. A white, water-soluble solid, it is about 80‍–‍90% as sweet as glucose and about 65% as sweet as sucrose.
Isaac Mercer
Isaac Mercer (September 3, 1912 – August 5, 2002) was a lawyer and politician in Newfoundland. He represented Port de Grave from 1951 to 1956 and Fogo from 1956 to 1961 in the Newfoundland House of Assembly.

The son of William and Maria Mercer, he was born in Sunnyside, Trinity Bay in 1912 and was educated in local schools, at Bishop Feild College, at Memorial University and at Dalhousie University. He was admitted to the bars of Newfoundland and Nova Scotia in 1938 and began the practice of law in St. John's. In 1942, Mercer married Ruby Tucker. He formed a law firm in partnership with Arthur S. Mifflin and Fabian O'Dea. In 1948, Mercer was named King's Counsel.

He was first elected to the Newfoundland assembly in 1951. After leaving politics in 1961, Mercer continued to practice law until 1977. In 1989, he was named an honorary life member of the Canadian Bar Association. He died in 2002.

Port de Grave (electoral district)
Port de Grave is a defunct provincial electoral district for the House of Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.

Fishing was a prime industry in the district and many people commute to work in the St. John's area. Bay Roberts was an important service centre for the region and there is some light industrial activity. In 2011, there were 8,914 eligible voters living within the district.

The district included the communities of Bay Roberts, Bareneed, Bishop's Cove, Blow Me Down, Bryant's Cove, Hibb's Cove, Port de Grave, Ship Cove, Spaniard's Bay, The Dock, Tilton and Upper Island Cove.

The district was one of the strongest Liberal regions of the province, and was one of only three districts to return a Liberal MHA in the 2007 election.

The district was abolished in 2015, and was succeeded by the new district of Harbour Grace-Port de Grave.
Mark Drela
Mark Drela (July 1, 1959) is an American aeronautical engineer, currently the Professor of Fluid Dynamics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and an Elected Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. He is primarily concerned with computational engineering, design, and optimization. Drela is famed for his work on aerodynamics software:

XFOIL for airfoil analysis using a panel method

Athena Vortex Lattice (AVL) for flight dynamic analysis using a vortex lattice method

MISES for design and analysis of turbo machinery blading

In 2009, Drela was elected as a member into the National Academy of Engineering for creation of breakthrough aircraft designs and design software that enabled operation in new flight regimes.

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.