hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chitarwata Formation
The Chitarwata Formation is a geological formation in western Pakistan, made up of Oligocene and early Miocene terrestrial fluvial facies. The sediments were deposited in coastal depositional environments (estuarine, strandplain and tidal flats) when Pakistan was partly covered by the Tethys Ocean.

Paleomagnetic data indicates an age range of around 28 to 17 million years ago, with its base in the Oligocene, and its upper boundary, where it meets the overlying Vihowa Formation, of the Early Miocene.

Together with the Vihowa Formation, the Chitarwata Formation records the sedimentation of the Himalayan foreland basin during the collision of the Indian and Asian tectonic plates, the transition from marginal marine to fluvial environments, and the rise of the Himalayas.

Foreland basin
A foreland basin is a structural basin that develops adjacent and parallel to a mountain belt. Foreland basins form because the immense mass created by crustal thickening associated with the evolution of a mountain belt causes the lithosphere to bend, by a process known as lithospheric flexure. The width and depth of the foreland basin is determined by the flexural rigidity of the underlying lithosphere, and the characteristics of the mountain belt. The foreland basin receives sediment that is eroded off the adjacent mountain belt, filling with thick sedimentary successions that thin away from the mountain belt. Foreland basins represent an endmember basin type, the other being rift basins. Accommodation (the space available for sediments to be deposited) is provided by loading and downflexure to form foreland basins, in contrast to rift basins, where accommodation space is generated by lithospheric extension.
Middle Arm, Northern Territory
Middle Arm is a coastal peninsula of Darwin Harbour in the Northern Territory of Australia located about 13 kilometres south of Darwin City. It is the traditional land and waterways of the Larrakia people. Middle Arm includes Wickham Point, Bladin Point, Channel Island and the nearby locality of Wickham.

Larrakia people
The Larrakia people are a group of Aboriginal Australian people in and around Darwin in the Northern Territory.  The Larrakia, who refer to themselves as "Saltwater People", have a vibrant traditional society based on a close relationship with the sea and trade with neighbouring groups such as the Tiwi, Wadjiginy and Djerimanga. These groups share ceremonies and songlines, and intermarry.
St. Jude Melkite Catholic Church
St. Jude Melkite Catholic Church is a Melkite Greek Catholic Church which follows the Byzantine Rite. It is one of 45 Melkite Greek Catholic churches or missions reporting to the Melkite Greek Catholic Eparchy of Newton. The Church is located at 126 SE Fifteenth Road in Brickell, a neighborhood in Miami, Florida.

Melkite Greek Catholic Eparchy of Newton
Melkite Greek Catholic Eparchy of Newton (Latin: Eparchia Neotoniensis Graecorum Melkitarum) is a Melkite Greek Catholic Church ecclesiastical territory of the Catholic Church. The eparchy is named for Newton, Massachusetts, and encompasses the entire United States.  There are currently about fifty Melkite parishes, missions, and "outreaches" in about two dozen states.
Olallie Lake Guard Station
Olallie Lake Guard Station is a former guard station in the Clackamas ranger district of the Mt. Hood National Forest, in Jefferson County, Oregon. Built in 1939, the cabin is in the Olallie Scenic Area near Olallie Butte and Mount Jefferson in the Cascade Mountains.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.

Its NRHP nomination explains its significance:

Possessing very high qualities of design and execution, the Guard Station is a very good example of an architectural locution invested with special aesthetic and associative values by the agency that created it.

Jefferson County, Oregon
Jefferson County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. At the 2020 census, the population was 24,502. The county seat is Madras. The county is named after Mount Jefferson, the second tallest mountain in Oregon.
Heeney
Heeney is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arnold Heeney, PC CC (1902–1970), Canadian lawyer, diplomat and civil servant

Cornelius Heeney (1754–1848), Irish-American merchant and politician

Darcy Heeney (1916–1941), New Zealand boxer

Dennis Heeney, Manitoba politician

Gwen Heeney (1952–2016), British sculptor

Isaac Heeney (born 1996), Australian footballer

Michael P. Heeney, American country music songwriter

Patrick Heeney (1881–1911), Irish composer who wrote the music to the Irish national anthem

Tom Heeney (1898–1984), professional heavyweight boxer from New Zealand

Darcy Heeney
Arthur John "Darcy" Heeney (22 April 1916 – 19 December 1941) was a New Zealand boxer, who won a silver medal for his country at the 1938 British Empire Games. He died during World War II, when the ship in which he was serving, HMS Neptune, struck enemy mines off the coast of Libya.
Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Hispanus
Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Hispanus of the Scipiones branch of the gens Cornelia, was a Roman politician.

He was the son of Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Hispallus. He served as one of the decemviri stlitibus judicandis and as a military tribune before 150 BC, and became quaestor around that date. He then became aedile, probably in 141 BC. He was a praetor in 139 BC. As praetor, he expelled the astrologers (Chaldaeans and Jews) from the city of Rome.

Gens
In ancient Rome, a gens (/ɡɛns/ or /dʒɛnz/, Latin: [gẽːs]; pl.: gentes [ˈgɛnteːs]) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen gentilicium and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was called a stirps (pl.: stirpes). The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italia during the period of the Roman Republic. Much of individuals' social standing depended on the gens to which they belonged. Certain gentes were classified as patrician, others as plebeian; some had both patrician and plebeian branches. The importance of the gens as a social structure declined considerably in imperial times, although the gentilicium continued to define the origins and dynasties of the ancient Romans, including the emperors.
Vanthoor
Vanthoor, Van  Thoor is a Dutch surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dries Vanthoor (born 1998), Belgian racing driver, brother of Laurens

Laurens Vanthoor (born 1991), Belgian racing driver

Laurens Vanthoor
Laurens Vanthoor (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈlʌurəns fɑnˈtoːr]; born 8 May 1991) is a Belgian professional racing driver currently racing for Porsche Motorsport as a factory driver in the FIA World Endurance Championship. He currently resides in Waiblingen outside of Stuttgart.

Laurens is the older brother of BMW factory driver Dries Vanthoor.
Aldose 1-epimerase
In enzymology, an aldose 1-epimerase (EC 5.1.3.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

alpha-D-glucose  beta-D-glucose

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, alpha-D-glucose, and one product, beta-D-glucose.

This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically those racemases and epimerases acting on carbohydrates and derivatives.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is aldose 1-epimerase. Other names in common use include mutarotase, and aldose mutarotase.  This enzyme participates in glycolysis and  gluconeogenesis.

Isomerase
In biochemistry, isomerases are a general class of enzymes that convert a molecule from one isomer to another. Isomerases facilitate intramolecular rearrangements in which bonds are broken and formed. The general form of such a reaction is as follows:

There is only one substrate yielding one product. This product has the same molecular formula as the substrate but differs in bond connectivity or spatial arrangement. Isomerases catalyze reactions across many biological processes, such as in glycolysis and carbohydrate metabolism.
Ait Igas
Ait Igas is a small town and rural commune in Taroudant Province of the Souss-Massa-Drâa region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 9553 people living in 1308 households.

Taroudant Province
Taroudant (Arabic: تارودانت) is a province in the Moroccan region of Souss-Massa. Its population in 2024 is 857,673.

The major cities and towns are:

Ait Iaaza

Aoulouz

El Guerdane

Irherm

Oulad Berhil

Oulad Teima

Taliouine

Taroudant
Marcel Nguyen
Marcel Van Minh Phuc Long Nguyen (born 8 September 1987) is a retired German artistic gymnast and three-time Olympian, having represented Germany at the 2008, 2012, and 2016 Olympic Games.  He is the 2012 Olympic silver medalist in the all-around and on parallel bars as well as the 2011 and 2012 European Champion on the latter. He has been a soldier in the Bundeswehr (German military) since July 2007, beginning when he was training in the Bundeswehr Sports Development Group (Sportfördergruppe der Bundeswehr) in Munich.

Gymnastics at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Gymnastics at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro was held in three categories: artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics and trampolining. All gymnastics events were staged at the Arena Olímpica do Rio from 6 to 21 August 2016.
Five Thousand a Year
Five Thousand a Year is a 1799 comedy play by the British writer Thomas John Dibdin.

The original Covent Garden cast included William Thomas Lewis as George Fervid, Alexander Pope as Frederick Fervid, Joseph Shepherd Munden as Sir Matthew Maxim, Charles Farley as Paragraph, Charles Murray as Mr Goulding, Julia Betterton as Maria, Jane Pope as Lady Julia, Nannette Johnston as Aurelia and Isabella Mattocks as Lady Maxim. It was dedicated to Count Starhemberg, the Austrian ambassador to London.

William Thomas Lewis
William Thomas Lewis (c.1748–1811), known as "Gentleman" Lewis, due to his refined acting style, was an English actor. Raised in Ireland, he made his name on the Dublin stage before moving to the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden in London where he spent many years. He was said to be "the most complete fop on the stage". In later life he went into theatrical management.
Antonio Cárdenas Rodríguez
General de División Antonio Cárdenas Rodríguez (6 October 1903 – 4 July 1969) was a military aviator and head of the Mexican Air Force.  As a Colonel he made a goodwill flight of several countries in Latin America.  He traveled almost 35,000 km in 118 hours of flight time aboard a Lockheed 12, named "President Carranza" returning to Mexico City on September 13, 1940.  He commanded the Fuerza Aérea Expedicionaria Mexicana (FAEM), who participated in World War II at the Battle of Luzon in the Philippines.  The FAEM is notable as the only Mexican military unit ever to fight outside Mexico itself.  Ixtepec No. 2 Air Base in Ixtepec, Oaxaca is named in honour of General Cárdenas Rodríguez.

Rodríguez Cárdenas retired from the Mexican Air Force with the rank of Divisional General.

Mexican Air Force
The Mexican Air Force (FAM; Spanish: Fuerza Aérea Mexicana) is the air service branch under the Mexican Army of the Mexican Armed Forces. It is overseen by the Secretariat of National Defense. The objective of the FAM is to defend the integrity, independence, and sovereignty of Mexico. Its auxiliary tasks include internal security, assisting with public works, and natural disaster management. As of 2024, its commander is Óscar René Rubio Sánchez.
2023 Zhuhai Championships – Doubles
Jamie Murray and Michael Venus defeated Nathaniel Lammons and Jackson Withrow in the final, 6–4, 6–4 to win the doubles title at the 2023 Zhuhai Championships.

Sander Gillé and Joran Vliegen were the reigning champions from 2019, when the tournament was last held, but lost in the semifinals to Lammons and Withrow.

Jackson Withrow
Jackson Withrow (born July 7, 1993) is an American professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. Withrow has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 16 achieved on 19 February 2024. Withrow has won 10 ATP doubles titles.
Ormondroyd
Ormondroyd is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Edward Ormondroyd (1925–2025), American writer

Ian Ormondroyd (born 1964), English footballer

Jack Ormondroyd (born 1991), rugby league footballer

Danny Ormondroyd, lead character in the fictional film Brassed Off

Brassed Off
Brassed Off is a 1996 British comedy-drama film written and directed by Mark Herman and starring Pete Postlethwaite, Tara Fitzgerald and Ewan McGregor.

The film is about the troubles faced by a colliery brass band, following the closure of their pit. The soundtrack for the film was provided by the Grimethorpe Colliery Band, and the plot is based on Grimethorpe's own struggles against pit closures. It has been generally very positively received for its role in promoting brass bands and their music. Parts of the film make reference to the huge increase in suicides that resulted from the end of the coal industry in Britain, and the struggle to retain hope in the circumstances.

In the United States, the film was promoted simply as a romantic comedy involving McGregor and Fitzgerald's characters.
Younes Asadi
Younes Asadi (Persian: ‌‌یونس اسدی; born 1963) is an Iranian politician.

Asadi was born in Meshginshahr, Ardabil Province. He is a member of the 8th and 9th Islamic Consultative Assembly from the electorate of Meshginshahr. and member of Iran-Azerbaijan Friendship society. Asadi won with 26,109 (31.00%) votes.

Ardabil province
Ardabil province (Persian: استان اردبیل) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Ardabil. The province is in the northwest of the country, in Region 3, bordering the Republic of Azerbaijan, and the Iranian provinces of East Azerbaijan, Zanjan, and Gilan. Spanning an area of 18,011 km2, and established in 1993, Ardabil was carved out of the eastern part of East Azerbaijan province.
Whit Friday
Whit Friday, meaning "white Friday", is the name given to the first Friday after Pentecost or Whitsun (White Sunday).

The day has a cultural significance in North West England, as the date on which the annual Whit Walks are traditionally held. By convention, the Whit Walks coincide with brass band contests, held in Saddleworth, Oldham, Tameside and other outlying areas of Greater Manchester. Traditionally, children and their supporters from Anglican Sunday Schools 'walked' on Whit Monday, those from RC Sunday Schools on Whit Friday, and there was an element of competition in general display, dresses and banners. Outside Manchester city centre, other Sunday Schools walked on Whit Sunday and in surrounding towns on other days during (or in the weeks following) Whit Week. This period marked the height of their year's activities for many local brass bands.

North West England
North West England is one of nine official regions of England and consists of the ceremonial counties of Cheshire, Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Lancashire and Merseyside. The North West had a population of 7,417,397 in 2021. It is the third-most-populated region in the United Kingdom, after the South East and Greater London. The largest settlements are Manchester and Liverpool. It is one of the three regions, alongside North East England and Yorkshire and the Humber, that make up Northern England.
Kitahata, Saga
Kitahata (北波多村, Kitahata-mura) was a village located in Higashimatsuura District, Saga Prefecture, Japan.

Kitahata was established in 1889 (Meiji 22) as a union of small hamlets. As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 4,679 and a population density of 176.03 persons per km2. The total area was 26.58 km2.

On January 1, 2005, Kitahata, along with the towns of Chinzei, Hamatama, Hizen, Kyūragi, Ōchi and Yobuko (all from Higashimatsuura District), was merged into the expanded city of Karatsu.

The town hosts the Karatsu City Hospital Kitahata. Kitahata has a Junior High School. It also runs the Kitahata Furusato Summer Festival in July.

Saga Prefecture
Saga Prefecture (佐賀県, Saga-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜ.ɡa, -ŋa, sa.ɡaꜜ.keɴ, -ŋaꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Kyushu. Saga Prefecture has a population of roughly 780,000 and has a geographic area of 2,439 square kilometres (942 sq mi). Saga Prefecture borders Fukuoka Prefecture to the northeast and Nagasaki Prefecture to the southwest.

Saga is the capital and largest city of Saga Prefecture, with other major cities including Karatsu, Tosu, and Imari. Saga Prefecture is located in the northwest of Kyūshū covering an isthmus-like area extending between the Sea of Japan and the Ariake Sea. Saga Prefecture's western region is known for the production of ceramics and porcelain, particularly in the towns of Karatsu, Imari, and Arita.
Cogmagun, Nova Scotia
Cogmagun (/ˈkɒɡməɡən/) is an unincorporated community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in West Hants Regional Municipality in Hants County. Its name is derived from the Mi'kmaq word "Kogumegunuk" or "Kookemagun", which is thought to have meant "the crooked river". Another variation of the name was "Coquemegonde". The name of the community was changed to Hillford in 1895, however the original name remained in popular use.

The land in the area was granted to the settlers of Newport township in 1761, and is thought to have been settled before 1800. St. Mark's Anglican church was erected in Cogmagun in 1850, but was not consecrated until May 31st, 1863. A post office was established in the community on July 1st, 1866, with C. Thomas as the postmaster.

Land grant
A land grant is a gift of real estate—land or its use privileges—made by a government or other authority as an incentive, means of enabling works, or as a reward for services to an individual, especially in return for military service. Grants of land are also awarded to individuals and companies as incentives to develop unused land in relatively unpopulated countries; the process of awarding land grants are not limited to the countries named below. The United States historically gave out numerous land grants as homesteads to individuals desiring to make a farm. The American Industrial Revolution was guided by many supportive acts of legislatures (for example, the Main Line of Public Works legislation of 1863) promoting commerce or transportation infrastructure development by private companies, such as the Cumberland Road turnpike, the Lehigh Canal, the Schuylkill Canal and the many railroads that tied the young United States together.
Give or Take
Give or Take is the debut studio album by the American singer-songwriter Giveon, released June 24, 2022, via Epic Records and Not So Fast. The album includes production from Cardo Got Wings, Boi-1da, Sevn Thomas, Jahaan Sweet, Rogét Chahayed, Don Mills, and Giveon himself, among others.

Rogét Chahayed
Rogét Lutfi Chahayed (born May 31, 1988) is an American record producer and songwriter. Referred to as "one of hip-hop and pop's most dependable hit machines" by Billboard, Chahayed has received 11 Grammy Award nominations; in 2022, he was nominated for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical.

A conservatory-trained pianist, he began production work under the wing of mentor Dr. Dre. He was named one of XXL's hip-hop producers of the year in 2020, 2021, and 2022, named one of Variety's Hitmakers for 2021 and 2022, and Genius named him the top producer of the year in 2022.

Chahayed's credits include the singles "Broccoli" by DRAM, "Bad at Love" by Halsey, "Sicko Mode" by Travis Scott, "Laugh Now Cry Later" by Drake, "Kiss Me More" and "Vegas" by Doja Cat, "First Class" by Jack Harlow, and Bruno Mars and Rosé's "APT." He also co-wrote Miguel's single "Sky Walker."
Salipaludibacillus neizhouensis
Salipaludibacillus neizhouensis is a Gram-positive, facultatively alkaliphilic, slightly halophilic, endospore-forming, rod-shaped, aerobic and non-motil bacterium from the genus of Salipaludibacillus which has been isolated from a sea anemone from Neizhou Bay from the South China Sea.

Halophile
A halophile (from the Greek word for 'salt-loving') is an extremophile that thrives in high salt concentrations. In chemical terms, halophile refers to a Lewis acidic species that has some ability to extract halides from other chemical species.

While most halophiles are classified into the domain Archaea, there are also bacterial halophiles and some eukaryotic species, such as the alga Dunaliella salina and fungus Wallemia ichthyophaga. Some well-known species give off a red color from carotenoid compounds, notably bacteriorhodopsin.

Halophiles can be found in water bodies with salt concentration more than five times greater than that of the ocean, such as the Great Salt Lake in Utah, Owens Lake in California, the Lake Urmia in Iran, the Dead Sea, and in evaporation ponds. They are theorized to be a possible analogues for modeling extremophiles that might live in the salty subsurface water ocean of Jupiter's Europa and similar moons.
Cordylus niger
Cordylus niger, the black girdled lizard, is a medium-sized lizard restricted to Table Mountain on the Cape Peninsula and a second, isolated population near Langebaan.

Black girdled lizards inhabit rocky outcrops on Table Mountain, South Africa. Unlike many other lizard species in the area, these particular Cordylus lizards are not social and are usually seen alone. They are spiny, flat, and pitch black in colour.

Their colour helps these unique lizards to absorb sufficient heat from the sun, in what is one of the darkest, least sunny parts of South Africa.

Langebaan
Langebaan is a town in the Western Cape province of South Africa on the eastern shore of Langebaan Lagoon.

Langebaan is situated 120 km north of Cape Town, just off the R27, about 28 km from Vredenburg and 20 km from Saldanha Bay. The Lagoon stretches for 17 km from Saldanha Bay, past Langebaan to Geelbek in the South. In places it is up to 4 km wide.
Self Transcendence 24 Hour Track Race London
The Self Transcendence 24 Hour Track Race London (popularly known as the Tooting 24) is an Ultramarathon race in London, England. The run takes place annually in September, organised by the Sri Chinmoy Marathon Team. It is on the Tooting Bec Athletics Track, on a 400-metre track. 51°25′47″N 0°08′50″W﻿ / ﻿51.429798°N 0.147095°W﻿ / 51.429798; -0.147095﻿ ("Self Transcendence 24 Hour Track Race London")

The race first took place in 1989.

Sri Chinmoy
Chinmoy Kumar Ghose (27 August 1931 – 11 October 2007), better known as Sri Chinmoy, was an Indian spiritual leader who taught meditation in the United States after moving to New York City in 1964. Chinmoy established his first meditation center in Queens, New York, and eventually had seven thousand students in 60 countries. He was an author, artist, poet, and musician; he also held public events such as concerts and meditations on the theme of inner peace. Chinmoy advocated a spiritual path to God through prayer and meditation. He advocated athleticism including distance running, swimming, and weightlifting. He organized marathons and other races, and was an active runner and, following a knee injury, weightlifter. Some ex-members have accused Chinmoy of running a cult.
Eurasian Youth Union
The Eurasian Youth Union (ESM; Russian: Евразийский союз молодёжи; ЕСМ; Yevraziyskiy soyuz molodozhi, YeSM) is a Russian Eurasianist political organization, the youth wing of the Eurasia Party headed by Aleksandr Dugin. The organization has branches in several countries. In 2011, the Government of Ukraine has branded the ESM as an extremist anti-Ukrainian organization, convicted of a string of vandalism offenses and banned it in Ukraine.

Vandalism
Vandalism is the action involving deliberate destruction of or damage to public or private property.

The term includes property damage, such as graffiti and defacement directed towards any property without permission of the owner. The term finds its roots in an Enlightenment view that the Germanic Vandals were a uniquely destructive people, as they sacked Rome in 455 AD.