hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
CD20-like family
In molecular biology, the CD20-like family of proteins includes the CD20 protein and the beta subunit of the high affinity receptor for IgE Fc, MS4A2. MS4A2 has a tetrameric structure consisting of a single IgE-binding alpha subunit, a single beta subunit, and two disulfide-linked gamma subunits. It has four putative transmembrane segments and a probable topology where both amino- and carboxy termini protrude into the cytoplasm. This family also includes LR8 like proteins from humans (TMEM176B), mice and rats. The function of the human LR8 protein is unknown although it is known to be strongly expressed in the lung fibroblasts. This family also includes sarcospan, a transmembrane component of dystrophin-associated glycoprotein. Loss of the sarcoglycan complex and sarcospan alone is sufficient to cause muscular dystrophy. The role of the sarcoglycan complex and sarcospan is thought to be to strengthen the dystrophin axis connecting the basement membrane with the cytoskeleton.

Tetrameric protein
A tetrameric protein is a protein with a quaternary structure of four subunits (tetrameric). Homotetramers have four identical subunits (such as glutathione S-transferase), and heterotetramers are complexes of different subunits. A tetramer can be assembled as dimer of dimers with two homodimer subunits (such as sorbitol dehydrogenase), or two heterodimer subunits (such as hemoglobin).
Naleya Downer
Naleya Downer (born 27 January 1980) is a retired female track and field sprinter from Jamaica, who competed in the 400 metres and the 400 metres hurdles during her career. Her personal best time in the women's 400 metres is 52.61, set on 4 May 2002 in Austin, Texas. She won a silver medal in the women's 4x400 metres relay at the 2003 Pan American Games, alongside Michelle Burgher, Novlene Williams, and Allison Beckford.

She ran track for the University of Texas at Austin.

2003 Pan American Games
The 2003 Pan American Games, officially the XIV Pan American Games (Spanish: XIV Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Santo Domingo 2003, were held in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, from August 1 to 17, 2003.  The successful bid for the Games was made in the mid-1990s, when Dominican Republic had one of the highest growth rates in Latin America.

All 42 PASO countries and over 5,223 athletes pre-registered for participation in the XIV Pan American Games. An additional 2,425 trainers and delegates attended. The United States pre-registered the most athletes (713) and Saint Lucia entered the least (6).  The host country entered 562 athletes.
Madhumati Bridge
The Madhumati Bridge (Bengali: মধুমতি সেতু), also called the Kalna Bridge (Bengali: কালনা সেতু), is a 690-metre-long, 6-lane bridge across the Madhumati River in Bangladesh. The bridge connects the districts of Narail, Khulna, Magura, Satkhira, Chuadanga, Jashore,  Jhenaidah, Gopalganj and a few others in the southwest and northwest. The bridge carries national highway N806, and is a part of the Asian Highway Project.

The bridge has four high-speed lanes and two service lanes. Madhumati Bridge was inaugurated by Sheikh Hasina from her official residence at Ganabhaban, Sher-E-Bangla Nagar on 10 October 2022, along with the third bridge across the Shitalakkhya River.

N806 (Bangladesh)
The N806 is a Bangladeshi National Highway which connects Jashore to Bhatiapara via Narail & Kalna toward Bhanga Interchange. The route starts from Bhatiapara near Kashiani and ends at Manihar in Jashore city.
Graziano Cesari
Graziano Cesari (born 23 December 1956 in Parma, Italy) is a former Italian professional football referee. He was a full international for FIFA from 1994 until 2002.

Cesari originally was named to the Italian Football Hall of Fame in 2016, however his award was later revoked due to a disciplinary action from 2003.

Italian Football Hall of Fame
The Italian Football Hall of Fame (Italian: Hall of Fame del calcio italiano) is the hall of fame for association football players that have had a significant impact on Italian football.

It is housed at the Museo del Calcio in Coverciano, Italy.
Emam school
The Emam school is a historical school in Kashan, Iran. The school belongs to the Fath Ali Shah's era.

The Emam school was built between 1806 and 1814 on the order of Hossein Khan Sadr-e Azam and under the supervision of Mirza Abolghassem Esfahani. The portal of the school has beautiful tiles. Its vast courtyard is rectangular and there are 52 chambers around it. On the northern and southern sides of the courtyard, there are two large halls for teaching and discussing of seminarians. Each hall has a separate corridor, which leads to backyard. Each backyard has three chambers with basement and high windcatchers. On the west side of the yard and opposite the portal, there is a vast splendid iwan. From the inscription on the ceiling of the iwan to its floor, it is decorated with Haft-rang tiles. The brick dome of the mosque is two-layered. The inside layer of the dome is 27 m high.

Haft-rang
Haft-rang (هفت رنگ "seven colours") is a Persian term for a decorative technique for underglazed ceramic tiles. This decorative technique is also sometimes described as "cloisonné", "cuerda seca" or "black line". The process begins with the application of multiple colours on square tiles coated with a white glaze. The colours are delineated with black painting so that they do not bleed into each other. Finally, the whole tile is fired in one step. This technique is decorative and relatively easy to deploy, especially compared to Mo'araq, but it does not permit an optimum firing process for each of the colours. Hence the colours are weaker, less intense, less clearly delineated, and the glazes not as strong.
Terry Baker (politician)
Terry Lee Baker (born November 24, 1955) is an American politician. He is a member of the Maryland House of Delegates for District 1C in Allegany and Washington counties. He was previously the vice president of the Washington County Board of Commissioners from 2006 to 2010 and from 2018 to 2022, and the board's president from 2010 to 2018.

Allegany County, Maryland
Allegany County is a county located in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 census, the population was 68,106. Its county seat is Cumberland. The name Allegany may come from a local Lenape word, welhik hane or oolikhanna, which means 'best flowing river of the hills' or 'beautiful stream'. A number of counties and a river in the Appalachian region of the U.S. are named Allegany, Allegheny, or Alleghany. Allegany County is part of the Western Maryland region of the state, and is part of the Cumberland metropolitan area.
2017 ASB Classic – Men's doubles
Mate Pavić and Michael Venus were the defending champions, but Pavić chose to compete in Sydney instead. Venus played alongside Robert Lindstedt, but lost in the first round to Nicholas Monroe and Artem Sitak.

Marcin Matkowski and Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi won the title, defeating Jonathan Erlich and Scott Lipsky in the final, 1–6, 6–2, [10–3].

Jonathan Erlich
Jonathan Dario "Yoni" Erlich (Hebrew: יונתן דאריו "יוני" ארליך; born 5 April 1977) is an Israeli former professional tennis player. During his career, he was mainly a doubles specialist, having won the men's doubles title at the 2008 Australian Open with Andy Ram. He attained his career-high doubles ranking of world No. 5 in July 2008. Erlich has reached 44 doubles finals and won 22 (half of them), mostly with partner Andy Ram; together, they are known in Israel as "Andyoni". His Davis Cup doubles record, as of 2018, was 22–12.
Florence Barker (swimmer)
Florence Barker (23 March 1908 – 1986) was a competitive swimmer who represented Great Britain at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris, where she won a silver medal as a member of the second-placed British women's team in the 4×100-metre freestyle relay event. In individual competition, she advanced to the semi-finals of the women's 100-metre freestyle event, finishing ninth overall.

Swimming at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metre freestyle
The women's 100 metre freestyle was a swimming event held as part of the swimming at the 1924 Summer Olympics programme. It was the third appearance of the event, which was established in 1912. The competition was held on Saturday 19 July 1924, and on Sunday 20 July 1924.
What's My Lion?
What's My Lion? is a 1961 Warner Bros. Looney Tunes theatrical cartoon directed by Robert McKimson and written by David Detiege. The short was released on October 21, 1961 and features Elmer Fudd. This is Elmer's final speaking appearance in the original theatrical Looney Tunes shorts; he appears in 1962's Crow's Feat but does not have any dialogue.

In the film, a mountain lion evades hunters by hiding in the house of Elmer. The premise for What's My Lion? is very similar to an earlier Oscar-nominated Disney cartoon called Rugged Bear (1953), also written by David Detiege. The title is a play on the game show What's My Line?

Robert McKimson
Robert Porter McKimson Sr. (October 13, 1910 – September 29, 1977) was an American animator and illustrator, best known for his work on the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of cartoons from Warner Bros. Cartoons and later DePatie–Freleng Enterprises. He wrote and directed many animated cartoon shorts starring Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Porky Pig, Foghorn Leghorn, Hippety Hopper, Speedy Gonzales, and the Tasmanian Devil, among other characters. He also developed Bugs Bunny's design in the 1943 short Tortoise Wins by a Hare.
2016–17 Saudi Pro League
The 2016–17 Saudi Professional League (also known as the Jameel League for sponsorship reasons) was the 41st season of Saudi Pro League, the top Saudi professional league for association football clubs, since its inception in 1976. The season started on 11 August 2016 and concluded on 4 May 2017.

Al-Hilal won their fourteenth league title, and first since the 2010–11 season, with two matches to spare following a 2–1 win over Al-Shabab on 20 April. The defending champions were Al-Ahli who finished as runners-up.

Al-Ettifaq and Al-Batin entered as the two promoted teams from the 2015–16 Saudi First Division.

Al Shabab Club
Al-Shabab Saudi Football Club also known as Al-Shabab (Arabic: نادي الشباب لكرة القدم, romanized: nādī al-shabaab li-kurat al-qadam, lit. 'The Youth Football Club') is a Saudi Arabian professional football club based in Riyadh that competes in the Saudi Pro League. Founded in 1947 as Shabab Al-Riyadh (شباب الرياض; lit. 'Riyadh Youth'), it was renamed Al-Shabab in 1967.

The club earned its name, "Shabab," meaning "youth" in Arabic, due to its emphasis on developing young players at its inception. Unlike its rivals, which primarily featured senior players, the club focused on nurturing youth talent. This distinction persisted for many years, becoming a defining characteristic of the club. As a result, the club became renowned for its commitment to youth development.
Districts of Jordan
A district (Arabic: لواء, romanized: liwāʾ; plural: ألوية, romanized: alwiya) is one of the administrative centres ("chief towns") in Jordan. The twelve governorates of Jordan contain fifty-two alwiya which are listed below by governorate. In many cases the name of the chief town is the same as the name of the district (liwāʾ) or sub-district (qaḍāʾ) administered.

Kaza
A kaza (Ottoman Turkish: قضا, "judgment" or "jurisdiction") was an administrative division of the Ottoman Empire. It is also discussed in English under the names district, subdistrict, and juridical district. Kazas continued to be used by some of the empire's successor states. At present, they are used by Iraq, Lebanon, Jordan, and in Arabic discussion of Israel. In these contexts, they are also known by the Arabic name qada, qadā, or qadaa (Arabic: قضاء, qaḍāʾ).
Vladimir Karpovich Dmitriev
Vladimir Karpovich Dmitriev (Russian: Влади́мир Ка́рпович Дми́триев; November 24, 1868, Ray, Smolensky Uyezd, Smolensk Governorate – September 30, 1913, Gatchina) was a Russian mathematical economist and statistician. Dmitriev was born in Smolensk and completed his studies in Moscow.

He was one of the early developers of Input-Output analysis, by proposing mathematical methods to determine of full labour costs. His ideas were revived by V. S. Nemchinov in 1959. He was an important influence on Alexander Chayanov who in 1926 adapted his methods for use in agricultural context.

Input–output model
In economics, an input–output model is a quantitative economic model that represents the interdependencies between different sectors of a national economy or different regional economies. Wassily Leontief (1906–1999) is credited with developing this type of analysis and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics for his development of this model.
Syfy (Asia)
Syfy Universal Asia (sometimes referred to as Syfy Asia) was an Asian cable television channel, launched on 1 July 2008, which mainly airs science fiction, fantasy and horror programs and movies. It also airs anime programming. It is owned by Universal Networks International.

The channel rebranded as Syfy Universal on 26 July 2010. On 7 February 2012, Syfy Universal's name was simplified to  Syfy as well as converting from 4:3 aspect ratio to 16:9 widescreen picture format since 1 April 2011. The channel delivers Same Day or Express from the U. S. telecast with selected programs.

After 9 years of broadcasting, Syfy along with Universal Channel officially ceased transmission at midnight, 1 July 2017, in the rest of the Asia and in Malaysia was discontinued a day earlier. The channel aired a final Syfy Original Movie, Ozark Sharks on that day, ending with production credits before the channel went off-the-air.

Ozark Sharks
Ozark Sharks is a 2016 American made-for-television horror thriller film that aired on Syfy on July 28, 2016. The TV film is written by Marcy Holland and Greg Mitchell, directed by Misty Talley, and starring Allisyn Ashley Arm, Dave Davis, Michael Papajohn, Ross Britz, Ashton Leigh, Thomas Francis Murphy, and Laura Cayouette.
Afonwen
Afonwen ([ˌavɔnˈwɛn]; Welsh: Afon-wen) is a village in Flintshire, Wales. It is situated about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from the A55 North Wales Expressway and on the A541 Mold-Denbigh road. At the 2001 Census, the population of Afonwen was included into the civil parish of Caerwys and was 1,319, with a total ward population of 2,496.

A541 road
The A541 is an A road in North Wales. The road starts on the A525 in Trefnant, between St Asaph and Denbigh, and ends in Wrexham. On the way, it passes the town of Mold. It also passes through many villages. In northern-central Wrexham it joins the B5101 road.

The section of the road between Mold and Denbigh, centred on Rhydymwyn, was described by North Wales Police as the most dangerous road in North Wales.
Sputum
Sputum is mucus that is coughed up from the lower airways (the trachea and bronchi). In medicine, sputum samples are usually used for a naked-eye examination, microbiological investigation of respiratory infections, and cytological investigations of respiratory system.

A naked eye exam of the sputum can be done at home by a patient in order to note the various colors (see below). Any hint of yellow or green color (pus) suggests an airway infection (but does not indicate the type of organism causing it). Such color hints are best detected when the sputum is viewed against a bright white background, such as white paper, a white pot, or a white sink surface.

Having green, yellow, or thickened phlegm (sputum) does not always indicate the presence of an infection. Also, if an infection is present, the color of the phlegm (sputum) does not determine whether a virus, a bacterium or another pathogen has caused it. Simple allergies can also cause changes in the color of mucus.

Embolism
An embolism is the lodging of an embolus, a blockage-causing piece of material, inside a blood vessel. The embolus may be a blood clot (thrombus), a fat globule (fat embolism), a bubble of air or other gas (gas embolism), amniotic fluid (amniotic fluid embolism), or foreign material.

An embolism can cause partial or total blockage of blood flow in the affected vessel. Such a blockage (vascular occlusion) may affect a part of the body distant from the origin of the embolus. An embolism in which the embolus is a piece of thrombus is called a thromboembolism.

An embolism is usually a pathological event, caused by illness or injury. Sometimes it is created intentionally for a therapeutic reason, such as to stop bleeding or to kill a cancerous tumor by stopping its blood supply. Such therapy is called embolization.
17th century in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science.  This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the 17th century.

Residue (chemistry)
In chemistry, residue is whatever remains or acts as a contaminant after a given class of events. Residue may be the material remaining after a process of preparation, separation, or purification, such as distillation, evaporation, or filtration. It may also denote the undesired by-products of a chemical reaction.

Residues as an undesired by-product are a concern in agricultural and food industries.
Bira Maciel
Ubiratan "Bira" Pereira Maciel, commonly known as Bira Maciel, or simply Bira (January 18, 1944 – July 17, 2002), was a professional basketball player from Brazil. He was born in São Paulo, Brazil. At a height of 1.99 m (6 ft 6+1⁄2 in) tall, he played at the center position. He is often regarded as the best Brazilian center of all time.  He was nicknamed "O Rei" (English: "The King").

1963 FIBA World Championship
The 1963 FIBA World Championship was the 4th FIBA World Championship, the international basketball world championship for men's national teams. The competition was hosted by Brazil from 12 to 25 May 1963.

The Philippines was originally awarded the right to host the tournament, but FIBA rescinded this after the Filipino immigration officials refused to grant visas to players from communist countries.

Brazil, the defending champion and a previous host, re-hosted the championship from 12 to 25 May 1963, and won the first back-to-back title with just six games, having been seeded and entering the well-rested team in the final round only.
Achin District
34°05′22″N 70°40′59″E﻿ / ﻿34.0894°N 70.683°E﻿ / 34.0894; 70.683

Achin (Pashto: اچين ولسوالۍ) is a district in southern Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan, on the border with Pakistan.

Its population is 100% Pashtun. Achin is home to the Shinwari tribe, one of the largest Pashtun tribes.

It was a stronghold of the Mujaheddin during the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan in the 1980s.

During the April 2017 Nangarhar airstrike, the United States Air Force dropped a MOAB in Achin district which targeted a tunnel complex of the ISIS-affiliate located in the area, and reportedly killed dozens of militants.

Mujahideen
Mujahideen or mujahidin (Arabic: مُجَاهِدِين, romanized: mujāhidīn), is the plural form of mujahid (Arabic: مُجَاهِد, romanized: mujāhid, lit. 'strugglers or strivers, doers of jihād'), an Arabic term that broadly refers to people who engage in jihad (lit. 'struggle or striving [for justice, right conduct, Godly rule, etc.]'), interpreted in a jurisprudence of Islam as the fight on behalf of God, religion or the community (ummah).

The widespread use of the word in English began with reference to the guerrilla-type militant groups led by the Islamist Afghan fighters in the Soviet–Afghan War (see Afghan mujahideen). The term now extends to other jihadist groups in various countries.
Omocestus rufipes
Omocestus rufipes, the woodland grasshopper, is a species of short-horned grasshopper belonging to subfamily Gomphocerinae. The Latin species name rufipes means red-footed, from rufus (red) + pes (foot), with reference to the color of the legs.

Gomphocerinae
Gomphocerinae, sometimes called "slant-faced grasshoppers", are a subfamily of grasshoppers found in every continent except Antarctica and Australia. There are at least 192 genera in this subfamily, further dividing into at least 1,274 species. Gomphocerinae species are most often found in swamp, desert, tundra and tropical rainforest environments. The defining characteristic of these insects is the uniformity and location of their femoral stridulatory mechanism.
Ernesto Ríos (boxer)
Ernesto Ríos Jiménez (born 5 May 1959) is a Mexican former professional boxer. As an amateur, he competed in the men's flyweight event at the 1976 Summer Olympics. He lost to Venezuela's Alfredo Pérez in his only bout in the Round of 64.

A native of Mexicali, Ríos was a state champion in the 45 kg category by the age of 12. He was soon called up to the Mexico national team, but was unable to compete at the 1975 Pan American Games due to his youth. After the 1976 Olympics, Ríos embarked on a short professional career which culminated in 1979 with a loss to Jaime Garza in Los Angeles. He subsequently retired from the sport in order to provide for his family as a farmworker.

Mexicali
Mexicali (English:  /ˌmɛksɪˈkæli/; Spanish: [mexiˈkali] ⓘ)  is the capital city of the Mexican state of Baja California. The city, which abuts the Mexico–United States border and the U.S. city of Calexico, California, is the seat of the Mexicali Municipality.  It has a population of 689,775, according to the 2010 census, while the Calexico–Mexicali metropolitan area is home to combined 1,000,000. Mexicali is a regional economic and cultural hub for the border region of The Californias.

Mexicali was founded at the turn of the 20th century, when the region's agricultural economy experienced a period of boom. The city rapidly expanded throughout the 20th century, owing to the proliferation of maquiladoras in the city, making the Mexicali economy more interconnected with businesses from across the border. Today, Mexicali is a major manufacturing center and an emerging tourist destination.
Financial mismanagement
Financial mismanagement is management that, deliberately or not, is handled in a way that can be characterized as "wrong, bad, careless, inefficient or incompetent" and that will reflect negatively upon the financial standing of a business or individual. There are many ways of how financial mismanagement is carried out. For example, the wrong distribution of responsibility, to be remiss with payments, bills and taxes and neglecting responsibility, financial problems and economical standing can cause great financial mismanagement and further on devastate your economy. By looking to various cases where the financial management has gone wrong we will be able to comprehend the effect financial mismanagement can have and how crucial it is for an economy's success to carry out well working financial management.

Individual
An individual is one that exists as a distinct entity. Individuality (or self-hood) is the state or quality of living as an individual; particularly (in the case of humans) as a person unique from other people and possessing one's own needs or goals, rights and responsibilities. The concept of an individual features in many    fields, including biology, law, and philosophy. Every individual contributes significantly to the growth of a civilization. Society is a multifaceted concept that is shaped and influenced by a wide range of different things, including human behaviors, attitudes, and ideas. The culture, morals, and beliefs of others as well as the general direction and trajectory of the society can all be influenced and shaped by an individual's activities.