hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Elizabeth Rata
Elizabeth Mary Rata (née Frazer, born 16 March 1952) is a New Zealand academic who is a sociologist of education and a professor in the School of Critical Studies in Education at the University of Auckland. Her views and research on Māori education and the place of indigenous knowledge in the New Zealand education system have received criticism from other academics, as per the academic process. In 1986, she married Te Ika Jack Rata (7 December 1932 – 24 February 1987), the older brother of politician Matiu Rata. Elizabeth is Pākehā, noting that her "ancestors were all Pākehā."

British Educational Research Association
The British Educational Research Association (BERA) is a membership association and learned society committed to advancing research quality, building research capacity and fostering research engagement. BERA's aim is to inform the development of policy and practice by promoting the best quality evidence produced by educational research.
Nandalal Bose
Nandalal Bose (3 December 1882 – 16 April 1966) was one of the pioneers of modern Indian art and a key figure of Contextual Modernism.

A pupil of Abanindranath Tagore, Bose was known for his "Indian style" of painting. He became the principal of Kala Bhavan, Santiniketan in 1921. He was influenced by the Tagore family and the murals of Ajanta; his classic works include paintings of scenes from Indian mythologies, women, and village life.

Today, many critics consider his paintings among India's most important modern paintings. In 1976, the Archaeological Survey of India, Department of Culture, Govt. of India declared his works among the "nine artists" whose work, "not being antiquities", were to be henceforth considered "to be art treasures, having regard to their artistic and aesthetic value".

He was given the work of illustrating the Constitution of India.

Archaeological Survey of India
The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) is an Indian government agency that is responsible for archaeological research and the conservation and preservation of cultural historical monuments in the country. It was founded in 1861 by Alexander Cunningham during the British Raj who also became its first Director-General.
Synchlora aerata
Synchlora aerata, the wavy-lined emerald moth or camouflaged looper, is a species of moth of the family Geometridae. The species was described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1798. It is found in the United States and Canada.

The wingspan is about 17 mm.

The larvae are loopers (inchworms) like the rest in the family. They  feed on composite flowers, shrubs, and trees. Recorded food plants include Aster, Rudbeckia, Liatris, Solidago, Artemisia, Achillea and Rubus species. The species overwinters as a partially grown larva.

The caterpillars employ the unusual behavior of affixing bits of the plant tissue on which they are feeding to the several large spines on their back. This provides cover from gleaning birds that rely on keen eyesight. The camouflage can also block smaller animals from sensing them.

Johan Christian Fabricius
Johann Christian Fabricius (7 January 1745 – 3 March 1808) was a Danish zoologist, specialising in the "Insecta", which at that time included all arthropods: insects, arachnids, crustaceans and others. He was a student of Carl Linnaeus, and is considered one of the most important entomologists of the 18th century, having named nearly 10,000 species of animals, and established the basis for the modern insect classification.
Palm OS
Palm OS (later versions of which were also known as Garnet OS) is a discontinued mobile operating system initially developed by Palm, Inc., for personal digital assistants (PDAs) in 1996. Palm OS was designed for ease of use with a touchscreen-based graphical user interface. It was provided with a suite of basic applications for personal information management. Later versions of the OS were extended to support smartphones. The software appeared on the company's line of Palm devices while several other licensees have manufactured devices powered by Palm OS.

Following Palm's purchase of the Palm trademark, the operating system was renamed Garnet OS. In 2007, ACCESS introduced the successor to Garnet OS, called Access Linux Platform; additionally, in 2009, the main licensee of Palm OS, Palm, Inc., switched from Palm OS to webOS for their forthcoming devices.

Handwriting recognition
Handwriting recognition (HWR), also known as handwritten text recognition (HTR), is the ability of a computer to receive and interpret intelligible handwritten input from sources such as paper documents, photographs, touch-screens and other devices. The image of the written text may be sensed "off line" from a piece of paper by optical scanning (optical character recognition) or intelligent word recognition. Alternatively, the movements of the pen tip may be sensed "on line", for example by a pen-based computer screen surface, a generally easier task as there are more clues available. A handwriting recognition system handles formatting, performs correct segmentation into characters, and finds the most possible words.
St. Henry, Minnesota
St. Henry is an unincorporated community in Sharon Township, Le Sueur County, Minnesota, United States.

The community is located along State Highway 112 (MN 112) near its junction with 261st Avenue / Silver Lake Road (County 112).

Nearby places include Le Center, Le Sueur, Cleveland, Lexington, and Ottawa.

ZIP codes 56057 (Le Center) and 56058 (Le Sueur) meet near St. Henry.

The community is named for the Catholic church built by its first settlers.  Its post office operated from 1870 to 1877, and 1880 to 1902.

Le Center, Minnesota
Le Center is a city and the county seat of Le Sueur County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 2,517 at the 2020 census. The Le Sueur County Courthouse and Jail are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
East Ithaca, New York
East Ithaca is a suburban community (and census-designated place) in Tompkins County, New York, United States. The population was 2,231 at the 2010 census.

East Ithaca is a suburb of the City of Ithaca on its eastern city line and in the Town of Ithaca. East Ithaca is immediately south of the main campus of Cornell University.

Tompkins County, New York
Tompkins County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 105,740. The county seat is Ithaca. The name is in honor of Daniel D. Tompkins, who served as Governor of New York and Vice President of the United States. The county is part of the Southern Tier region of the state.

Tompkins County comprises the Ithaca Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is home to Cornell University, Ithaca College and Tompkins Cortland Community College.
Bracamoros
Bracamoros (Quechua: pukamuru, Aguaruna: pakamuru, "painted face"; also written Pacamuros) is a region of numerous extinct tribal groups (which include a tribe of the same name) from the Ecuadorian and Peruvian Amazon rainforest, located in the watershed of the Zamora River (although it has also been identified as the region of the Chinchipe and Marañón Rivers).

The area is now part of the former Ecuadorian province of Santiago Zamora Province (today Zamora-Chinchipe Province) and the Peruvian provinces of San Ignacio and Jaén, within the departments of Cajamarca and Amazonas.

Department of Cajamarca
Cajamarca (Spanish pronunciation: [kaxaˈmaɾka]; Quechua: Kashamarka; Aymara: Qajamarka) is a department of Peru. It is located to the north of the country and shares a border with Ecuador. It is administered by a regional government. The capital is the city of Cajamarca, which has an elevation of 2,700 metres (8,900 ft) above sea level in the Andes Mountain Range, the longest mountain range in the world. Part of its territory includes the Amazon rainforest, the largest in the world.
Chainline
The chainline is the angle of a bicycle chain relative to the centerline of the bicycle frame. A bicycle is said to have a perfect chainline if the chain is parallel to the centerline of the frame, which means that the rear sprocket is directly behind the front chainring. Chainline can also refer to the distance between a sprocket and the centerline of the frame.

Bicycles without a straight chainline are slightly less efficient due to frictional losses incurred by running the chain at an angle between the front chainring and rear sprocket. This is the main reason that a single-speed bicycle can be more efficient than a derailleur geared bicycle. Single-speed bicycles should have the straightest possible chainline.

Bicycle frame
A bicycle frame is the main component of a bicycle, onto which wheels and other components are fitted. The modern and most common frame design for an upright bicycle is based on the safety bicycle, and consists of two triangles: a main triangle and a paired rear triangle. This is known as the diamond frame. Frames are required to be strong, stiff and light, which they do by combining different materials and shapes.
Kemihaara Wilderness Area
The Kemihaara Wilderness Area (Finnish: Kemihaaran erämaa-alue) is a wilderness reserve in Finland. It was established in 1991 like all the other 11 wilderness areas in Lapland. Its area is 302 square kilometres (117 mi2). It is governed by the Metsähallitus.

The park is bordered by Urho Kekkonen National Park in the north and the river Kemijoki in the east.

Metsähallitus
Metsähallitus (Swedish: Forststyrelsen, Northern Sami: Meahciráđđehus, "the (Finnish) Forest Administration") is a state-owned enterprise in Finland.

Its two main tasks are Parks & Wildlife Finland to manage most of the protected areas of Finland and Forestry to supply wood to the country's forest industry. Metsähallitus employs approximately 1,200 people. The company administers some 120,000 square kilometres (46,000 sq mi) of state-owned land and water areas, which is about 35% of Finland's total surface area. Its tasks are divided into business activities and public administration duties. Separate business units have been established for different activities.
Mary Donaghy
Jessie Mary Hayward (née Donaghy, born 7 December 1939) is a former New Zealand high jumper and long jumper. She represented her country at the 1956 Summer Olympics and 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games, winning a silver medal in the high jump at the latter event.

New Zealand at the 1956 Summer Olympics
New Zealand at the 1956 Summer Olympics was represented by a team of 53 competitors and 12 officials. Selection of the team for the Games in Melbourne, Australia, was the responsibility of the New Zealand Olympic and British Empire Games Association. New Zealand's flagbearer at the opening ceremony was Ritchie Johnston.  The New Zealand team finished 16th on the medal table, winning a total of two medals, both of which were gold.
Tellingstedt (Amt Kirchspielslandgemeinde)
Kirchspielslandgemeinde Tellingstedt was an Amt ("collective municipality") in the district of Dithmarschen, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Its seat was in Tellingstedt. In January 2008, it was merged with the Ämter Kirchspielslandgemeinde Hennstedt and Kirchspielslandgemeinde Lunden to form the Amt Kirchspielslandgemeinden Eider.

The Amt Kirchspielslandgemeinde Tellingstedt consisted of the following municipalities (with population in 2005):

Dellstedt (801)

Dörpling (611)

Gaushorn (213)

Hövede (64)

Pahlen (1.168)

Schalkholz (595)

Süderdorf (396)

Tellingstedt (2.493)

Tielenhemme (178)

Wallen (37)

Welmbüttel (465)

Westerborstel (98)

Wrohm (732)

54°13′01″N 9°16′59″E﻿ / ﻿54.217°N 9.283°E﻿ / 54.217; 9.283

Tellingstedt
Tellingstedt (German pronunciation: [ˈtɛlɪŋʃtɛt]) is a municipality in the district of Dithmarschen, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated approximately 13 km east of Heide.

Tellingstedt is part of the Amt Kirchspielslandgemeinde ("collective municipality") Eider.
Haworthia variegata
Haworthia variegata is a perennial succulent belonging to the genus Haworthia and is part of the fynbos. The species is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs from Bredasdorp to Swellendam and Stilbaai.

Still Bay
Still Bay (Afrikaans: Stilbaai), is a coastal town in the Western Cape of South Africa. It lies about 320 km east of Cape Town and 26 km south of the N2 highway. The town sits at the mouth of the Goukou River where it meets the Indian Ocean. It grew from a seasonal fishing and farming stop into a popular holiday and retirement town. The town is often called the Bay of Sleeping Beauty because of the nearby mountain peak in the Langeberg range.
James Edward Ketelaar
James E. Ketelaar (born November 10, 1957) is an American scholar and historian specializing in the religious, philosophical, and intellectual history of Japan. He is professor emeritus in the Department of History, the Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations, and the Divinity School at the University of Chicago, where he has been teaching since 1996.

He is particularly known for his academic contributions to Buddhist martyrdom in Meiji-era Japan, having been described as bringing about the "coming of age" in the study of Japan's modern religious history.

Japanese Journal of Religious Studies
The Japanese Journal of Religious Studies is a biannual open access journal of research on religion in Japan. It was established in 1960 as Contemporary Religions in Japan by the International Institute for the Study of Religions in Tokyo and published until 1970. It was revived under its current name in 1974 and has since been published by the Nanzan Institute for Religion and Culture since 1981.
AS Centro del Mobile Calcio
Associazione Sportiva Centro del Mobile Calcio, or simply Centro del Mobile (sometimes Centromobile), was an Italian association football club located in Brugnera, Friuli-Venezia Giulia. In 2007 it was dissolved.

Promozione
The Promozione ([promotˈtsjoːne], "promotion") is the sixth level in the Italian football league system.  Each individual league winner within the Promozione level progresses to their closest regional league in the Eccellenza level.  Depending on each league's local rules, a number of teams each year are relegated from each league, to the 7th level of Italian football, the Prima Categoria. This level of Italian football is completely amateur and is run on a regional level.
Yuraku
Yuraku was the first philatelic magazine published in Japan. The first edition was issued in Tokyo on 16 July 1914 under the editorship of Meguro Kimura. It was the organ of The Yurakukai (Philatelic Society of Japan). It continued until at least Volume 9, 1922.

Philately
Philately (/fɪˈlætəli/; fih-LAT-ə-lee) is the study of postage stamps and postal history. It also refers to the collection and appreciation of stamps and other philatelic products. While closely associated with stamp collecting and the study of postage, it is possible to be a philatelist without owning any stamps. For instance, the stamps being studied may be very rare or reside only in museums.
Walter Max Zimmermann
Walter Max Zimmermann (May 9, 1892 – June 30, 1980) was a German botanist and systematist. Zimmermann’s notions of classifying life objectively based on phylogenetic methods and on evolutionarily important characters were foundational for modern phylogenetics. Though they were later implemented by Willi Hennig in his fundamental work on phylogenetic systematics, Zimmermann's contributions to this field have largely been overlooked. Zimmermann also made several significant developments in the field of plant systematics such as the discovery of the telome theory. The standard botanical author abbreviation W.Zimm. is applied to species he described.

History of plant systematics
The history of plant systematics—the biological classification of plants—stretches from the work of ancient Greek to modern evolutionary biologists. As a field of science, plant systematics came into being only slowly, early plant lore usually being treated as part of the study of medicine. Later, classification and description was driven by natural history and natural theology. Until the advent of the theory of evolution, nearly all classification was based on the scala naturae. The professionalization of botany in the 18th and 19th century marked a shift toward more holistic classification methods, eventually based on evolutionary relationships.
Collectors' Item: All Their Greatest Hits!
Collectors' Item: All Their Greatest Hits! is a compilation album released by Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes on the Philadelphia International record label in July 1976.  It includes all of their biggest hits with the label recorded between 1972 and 1975, such as "If You Don't Know Me by Now", "The Love I Lost", Bad Luck", and "Wake Up Everybody". Many of the songs were in extended versions. The album, produced by Gamble & Huff, sold over a million in the USA. The UK album release also included the track, "Satisfaction Guaranteed" which had been a big hit for the group there.

The Love I Lost
"The Love I Lost" is a song by American R&B group Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes. Group member Teddy Pendergrass sang lead vocals. Originally written as a ballad by Philly soul songwriters Kenny Gamble and Leon Huff, the song was transformed into a funk song and features drummer Earl Young. It was released from the Black & Blue album in late 1973 and sold more than a million copies. It peaked at number seven on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number one on the Billboard Hot R&B chart. In the 21st century, the track has been the subject of extended re-edits by notable remixers Tom Moulton, Theo Parrish, and Dimitri From Paris. In 2022, Rolling Stone magazine ranked "The Love I Lost" number 116 in their list of the "200 Greatest Dance Songs of All Time".
1968 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1968.

Burrow
A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to construct a space suitable for habitation or temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of locomotion. Burrows provide a form of shelter against predation and exposure to the elements, and can be found in nearly every biome and among various biological interaction types, including symbiosis and competition. Many animal species are known to form burrows. These species range from small amphipods, to very large vertebrate species such as the polar bear. Burrows can be constructed into a wide variety of substrates and can range in complexity from a simple tube a few centimeters long to a complex network of interconnecting tunnels and chambers hundreds or thousands of meters in total length; an example of the latter level of complexity, a well-developed burrow, would be a rabbit warren.
Penny Lane (filmmaker)
Penny Lane (born March 6, 1978) is an American independent filmmaker, known for her documentary films. Her humor and unconventional approach to the documentary form, including the use of archival Super 8 footage and YouTube videos, have earned her critical acclaim.

Lane is a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.

International Film Festival Rotterdam
International Film Festival Rotterdam (IFFR) is an annual film festival held at the end of January in various locations in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, focused on independent and experimental films. The inaugural festival took place in June 1972, led by founder Huub Bals. IFFR also hosts CineMart and BoostNL for film producers to seek funding.
2000 Railway Cup Hurling Championship
The 2000 Railway Cup Hurling Championship was the 73rd series of the inter-provincial hurling Railway Cup. Three matches were played between 11 November 2000 and 12 November 2000 to decide the title. It was contested by Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster.

Connacht entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were defeated by Munster at the semi-final stage.

On 12 November 2000, Munster won the Railway Cup after a 3-15 to 2-15 defeat of Leinster in the final at Nowlan Park, Kilkenny. It was their 42nd Railway Cup title overall and their first title since 1997.

Munster's Joe Deane was the Railway Cup top scorer with 1-11.

Leinster GAA
The Leinster Council is  a provincial council of the Gaelic Athletic Association sports of hurling, Gaelic football, camogie, rounders and handball in the province of Leinster.

As of 2008, there were 834 clubs affiliated to the county boards of the Leinster Council.
Brauerei Egg
The Brauerei Egg, Simma, Kohler GmbH & Co. KG is a brewery in Egg in Vorarlberg (Austria). It was established in 1894. The Egg Brauerei is the smallest private brewery in Vorarlberg.

The first beer was tapped in the brewery on March 24, 1894.

In addition to beer specialties, the company also produces lemonade.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, 20 out of 25 employees had to be put on Kurzarbeit. 15,000 litres of beer could not be sold and had to be destroyed.

Kurzarbeit
Kurzarbeit is the German name for a program of state wage subsidies in which private-sector employees agree to or are forced to accept a reduction in working hours and pay, with public subsidies making up for all or part of the lost wages.

Several Central European countries use such subsidies to limit the impact on the economy as a whole or a particular sector from short-term threats such as a recession, pandemic, or natural disaster. The idea is to temporarily subsidize companies to avoid layoffs or bankruptcies during a temporary external disruption. Most notably, such subsidy programs were used to offset the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and recession starting in 2020.
Bill Juzda
William Juzda (October 29, 1920 – February 17, 2008) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman from Winnipeg, Manitoba. He played with the Toronto Maple Leafs and New York Rangers of the National Hockey League (NHL) between 1940 and 1952 and won the Stanley Cup with the Leafs twice, in 1949 and 1951. Not a prolific goal scorer, Juzda built a reputation as one of hockey's hardest hitters. One of his hits ended Toe Blake's NHL career in the 1947–48 season.

Manitoba Sports Hall of Fame and Museum
The Manitoba Sports Hall of Fame and Museum is a Canadian museum in Winnipeg, Manitoba, dedicated to honoring the history and achievements of sports in Manitoba. The organization began in 1980, and then opened a museum in The Forks in 1993. After five years, the museum moved to The Bay store on Portage Avenue. Its present-day location is the Sport Manitoba building (145 Pacific Ave.), where it had its grand opening on October 27, 2012.

Exhibits of Manitoba's sports teams and honoured athletes are displayed in the museum.

The Hall of Fame inducts both individuals as well as teams.
Katažina Sosna
Katažina Sosna–Pinelė (born 30 November 1990) is a Lithuanian racing cyclist. She competed in the 2012 UCI Road World Championships in Valkenburg aan de Geul and in the 2013 UCI women's time trial in Florence.

Iseo, Lombardy
Iseo (Brescian: Izé) is a town and comune in the province of Brescia, in Lombardy, Italy. As of September 2025, it has a population of 8,964.

Situated on the southeastern shore of Lake Iseo, and surrounded by mountains, hills and wetlands, Iseo is an important tourist destination. It is also part of the renowned wine region of Franciacorta. Located about twenty kilometers northwest of the provincial capital Brescia, it is bounded by the communes of Provaglio d'Iseo, Sulzano, Polaveno and Paratico.

Iseo has the first monument ever built for Giuseppe Garibaldi, erected in 1883.