hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Longhorn Dam
Longhorn Dam is a dam crossing the Colorado River in Austin, Texas, United States, where it creates Lady Bird Lake. Completed in 1960, the dam was built by the City of Austin as the last in a chain of Colorado River dams in central Texas begun during the Great Depression. The name refers to its location on a ford used for longhorn cattle drives as a part of the Chisholm Trail in the late 19th century. The dam is also a bridge for Pleasant Valley Road.

Chisholm Trail
The Chisholm Trail (/ˈtʃɪzəm/ CHIZ-əm) was a stock trail and wagon route used in the post-Civil War era to drive cattle overland from ranches in southern Texas, across the Red River into Indian Territory, and northward to rail stops in Kansas. The trail consisted of a pathway established by Black Beaver in 1861 and a wagon road established by Jesse Chisholm around 1864. "The Chisholm Wagon Road went from Chisholm's trading post on the south Canadian River (north of Fort Arbuckle) to the Cimarron River crossing, to the Arkansas River at the future site of Wichita where Chisholm had another trading post and on north to Abilene," according to the Kraisingers. By 1869, the entire trail from Texas to Kansas became known as the Chisholm Trail.
1974 Canadian federal election
The 1974 Canadian federal election was held on July 8, 1974, to elect members  of the House of Commons of Canada of the 30th Parliament of Canada.  The governing Liberal Party was reelected, going from a minority to a majority government, and gave Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau his third term. The Progressive Conservatives, led by Robert Stanfield, did well in the Atlantic provinces, and in the West, but Liberal support in Ontario and Quebec ensured a majority Liberal government.

Atlantic Canada
Atlantic Canada, also called the Atlantic provinces (French: provinces de l'Atlantique), is the region of Eastern Canada comprising four provinces: New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island. As of 2021, the landmass of the four Atlantic provinces was approximately 488,000 km2 (188,000 sq mi), and had a population of over 2.4 million people. The term Atlantic Canada was popularized following the admission of Newfoundland as a Canadian province in 1949. The province of Newfoundland and Labrador is not included in the Maritimes, another significant regional term, but is included in Atlantic Canada.
2022 Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards
The 48th Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards, given by the Los Angeles Film Critics Association (LAFCA), honored the best in film for 2022. Both Everything Everywhere All at Once and Tár received the award for Best Film, being the fourth time the association gave the award to two films in the same year. For the first time in three years, the association held an in-person awards event where all the winners were honored on January 14, 2023.

This year, LAFCA introduced gender-neutral acting categories, with two awards for Best Lead Performance and two awards for Best Supporting Performance, each with two winners and two runner-ups.

2022 in film
2022 in film is an overview of events, including the highest-grossing films, award ceremonies, critics' lists of the best films of 2022, festivals, a list of country-specific lists of films released, and notable deaths. Universal Pictures and Paramount Pictures celebrated their 110th anniversary, Motion Picture Association celebrated their 100th anniversary, Aardman celebrated its 50th anniversary and Illumination celebrated its 15th anniversary.
Murayghil
Murayghil (Arabic: مريغل; Turkish: Mırgıl) is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. Located halfway between Azaz and al-Rai, some 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of the city of Aleppo and 7 km (4.3 mi) south of the border with the Turkish province of Kilis, the village administratively belongs to Nahiya Sawran in Azaz District. Nearby localities include Rael 1 km (0.62 mi) to the southeast and al-Judaydah (Yani Yaban) 2 km (1.2 mi) to the south. In the 2004 census, Murayghil had a population of 157.

Sawran Subdistrict, Aleppo Governorate
Sawran Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية صوران, romanized: nāḥiyah Sawran) is a subdistrict of Azaz District in northwestern Aleppo Governorate of northern Syria, on the border with Turkey. The administrative centre is the town of Sawran. Neighbouring subdistricts are Azaz Subdistrict to the west, Akhtarin to the east and Mare' to the south. To the north is the Kilis Province of Turkey.

At the 2004 census, the subdistrict had a population of 30,032.
Hansa Shipping
Hansa Shipping AS is an Estonian shipping concern founded in 1999 in Tallinn, Estonia. The company provides chartering, crew management and ship management services. Hansa Shipping operates a fleet of 53 dry cargo ships ranging in size from 3481 to 11048 DWT and deployed in the Baltic Sea, North Sea and the Mediterranean. 46 vessels of Hansa Shipping have an ice class.

Chartering (shipping)
Chartering is an activity within the shipping industry whereby a shipowner hires out the use of their vessel to a charterer.  The contract between the parties is called a charterparty (from French charte partie 'parted document'). The three main types of charter are: demise charter, voyage charter, and time charter.
Henry Creasey
Henry Parker Creasey (1864 – 15 March 1923) was a British sport shooter. He was born in Hartley Wintney, Hampshire. Competing for Great Britain, he won a bronze medal in team trap shooting at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London.

Shooting at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's team trap
The men's team trap shooting competition was one of 15 shooting sports events on the Shooting at the 1908 Summer Olympics programme.  Teams consisted of six shooters.  Shooting was conducted in three rounds, with each shooter firing at 30 clay birds in the first, 25 in the second, and 50 in the third.

Each nation could enter up to 2 teams of 6 shooters. Great Britain entered two teams, with Canada and the Netherlands also entering a team each.  Belgium, France, and Sweden initially registered teams, but their teams did not compete.  The Dutch team was eliminated before the final round.
Stare Bielsko
Stare Bielsko (German: Alt Bielitz, both literally meaning "Old Bielsko/Bielitz" Silesian: Stary Biylsko) is an osiedle (district) of Bielsko-Biała, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It is located in the west-north part of the city, in Silesian Foothills. Osiedle has an area of 11.118 km2 and on December 31, 2006, had 5,817 inhabitants.

Osiedle
Osiedle [ɔˈɕɛdlɛ] (Polish plural: osiedla) is a term used in Poland to denote a designated subdivision or neighbourhood of a city or its dzielnica, or of a town, with its own council and executive. Like the dzielnica and sołectwo, an osiedle is an auxiliary unit (jednostka pomocnicza) of a gmina. These units are created by decision of the gmina council, and do not have legal personality in their own right. In the case of an urban-rural gmina, it is also possible for a whole town to be designated an auxiliary unit.

Not all Polish cities or towns have osiedla in the above sense. However the word osiedle is also frequently used to denote any housing estate or development.
Japanese cruiser Mogami (1908)
Mogami (最上) was the second ship in the Yodo class of high-speed protected cruisers in the Imperial Japanese Navy.  Officially rated as a tsūhōkan, meaning dispatch boat or aviso, she was named after the Mogami River in northern Honshū, Japan.  Her sister ship was Yodo.  Yodo had a clipper bow and two smokestacks, whereas Mogami had a straight raked bow with three smokestacks.

Aviso
An aviso was originally a kind of dispatch boat or "advice boat", carrying orders before the development of effective remote communication.

The term, derived from the Portuguese and Spanish word for "advice", "notice" or "warning", an aviso, was later adopted by the French and Portuguese navies to classify their medium-sized warships designed for colonial service. The term continued to be used in the French Navy to classify the D'Estienne d'Orves-class patrol frigates until 2012, when the remaining ships of the class were reclassified as offshore patrol ships. It is equivalent to the modern use of "sloop" in other countries.
Francisco Bilbao metro station
Francisco Bilbao is an underground metro station on the Line 4 of the Santiago Metro, in Santiago, Chile. It is located under the intersection of Tobalaba Avenue and Francisco Bilbao Avenue. The latter avenue, which is named after Francisco Bilbao, gives its name to the station. The station was opened on 30 November 2005 as part of the inaugural section of the line between Tobalaba and Grecia.

Francisco Bilbao
Francisco Bilbao Barquín (Spanish pronunciation: [fɾanˈsisko βilˈβao]; 19 January 1823 – 9 February 1865) was a Chilean writer, philosopher and liberal politician. He was one of the leaders of the unsuccessful revolt against the Chilean government in 1851.
Billboard Live Music Awards
The Billboard Live Music Awards (previously known as the Billboard Touring Conference and Awards until 2018) is an annual meeting sponsored by Billboard magazine that honors the top international live entertainment industry artists and professionals. Established in 2004, it has thus been described as "part industry conference, part awards show".

The last such annual event appears to have been in 2019; it is unclear if the conference and awards have, or will, continue past that year.

Many of the awards are based on Billboard's Boxscore chart tracking concert, comedy and other live entertainment attendance and gate receipts, and on real box office performance.  As a result, the awards often equate to commercial success. The "top tour" superlative award is also given on the basis of fan polls. The "Legend of Live" and Humanitarian awards are given to individuals for their ongoing contributions to the live entertainment touring industry.

House of Blues
House of Blues is an American chain of live music concert halls and restaurants. It was founded by Isaac Tigrett, the co-founder of Hard Rock Cafe, and Dan Aykroyd, co-star of the 1980 film The Blues Brothers. The first location opened at Harvard Square in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on November 26, 1992 (Thanksgiving Day). The chain has been a division of Live Nation Entertainment since July 2006, and there are 11 locations throughout the United States as of 2025.
Vroomshoop
Vroomshoop is a town located at the center of the municipality Twenterand in the Dutch province of Overijssel and was founded around 1859. The earliest inhabitants lived from the peat that was found in the nearby area.

Farmers from the Groningen area played an important role by excavating peat and turning it into farmland here. They settled mainly on the Tonnendijk Road. The Groninger-farms are still on the Tonnendijk.

Overijssel
Overijssel (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌoːvərˈɛisəl] ⓘ; Dutch Low Saxon: Oaveriessel [ˌɒːvərˈiːsl̩]; German: Oberyssel; lit. 'Outer IJssel') is a province of the Netherlands located in the eastern part of the country. The province borders Drenthe to the north, Friesland to the north-west, Flevoland (and a small part of the IJsselmeer) to the west, Gelderland to the south and west, and Germany's states of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia to the east. Overijssel had a population of about 1,184,000 as of January 2023.

The province's name comes from the perspective of the Episcopal principality of Utrecht, which held the territory until 1528. The capital city of Overijssel is Zwolle (pop. 132,441) and the largest city is Enschede (pop. 161,235). The land mostly consists of grasslands and some forests (including Sallandse Heuvelrug National Park).
Mukunda Kakati
Mukunda Kakati (1919-1942) was an Indian revolutionary who participated Mahatma Gandhi's Quit India Movement and was shot dead by officers of the Indian Imperial Police in Gohpur Police Station on 20 September 1942.

Indian Imperial Police
The Indian Imperial Police, (officially known as the Imperial Police or I.P.) was part of the uniform system of police administration in British Raj, as established by Government of India Act 1858 and Police Act of 1861. It was motivated by the danger experienced by the British during the 1857 Revolution.

In 1920, the Imperial Indian police had 310,000 police in their contingent. Its members policed more than 300 million people from the Raj (now India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal and Burma).

In 1948, a year after India's independence, the Imperial Police Service was replaced by the Indian Police Service, which had been constituted as part of the All-India Services by the Constitution.
Sanggye station
Sanggye Station is a station on Line 4 of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway network in Nowon-gu, Seoul. It is named after the upper valley of the Suraksan mountain nearby.

The station has 4 exits and is also connected with Daeho Department Store. The name of the subway station comes from its local name. The local name is the name of a nearby river.

Seoul Subway Line 4
Seoul Subway Line 4 of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway is a long line crossing from the southwest to the northeast across the Seoul Metropolitan Area. The central section in Seoul City is operated by Seoul Metro with some trains offering through service to Korail's Ansan and Gwacheon Lines. The southern terminus (Oido) is in Jeongwang 4-dong, Siheung City, and the northern terminus (Jinjeop) is in Jinjeop-eup, Namyangju-si, Gyeonggi-do; the newly built northern section (officially called the Jinjeop Line) is correspondingly owned by a company owned by Namyangju-si, with operations contracted to Seoul Metro. In 2022, the Seoul Metro operated section (excluding the Jinjeop Line) had an annual ridership of 219,587,000 or about 601,608 passengers per day.

Express train service stops at all stations between Danggogae and Sanbon, then at Sangnoksu, Jungang, Choji, Ansan, Jeongwang, and Oido. The express service only operates during rush hours on weekdays.
Potassium nitrite
Potassium nitrite (distinct from potassium nitrate) is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula KNO2. It is an ionic salt of potassium ions K+ and nitrite ions NO2−, which forms a white or slightly yellow, hygroscopic crystalline powder that is soluble in water.

It is a strong oxidizer and may accelerate the combustion of other materials. Like other nitrite salts such as sodium nitrite, potassium nitrite is toxic if swallowed, and laboratory tests suggest that it may be mutagenic or teratogenic. Gloves and safety glasses are usually used when handling potassium nitrite.

Mutagen
In genetics, a mutagen is a physical or chemical agent that permanently changes genetic material, usually DNA, in an organism and thus increases the frequency of mutations above the natural background level. As many mutations can cause cancer in animals, such mutagens can therefore be carcinogens, although not all necessarily are. All mutagens have characteristic mutational signatures with some chemicals becoming mutagenic through cellular processes.

The process of DNA becoming modified is called mutagenesis. Not all mutations are caused by mutagens: so-called "spontaneous mutations" occur due to spontaneous hydrolysis, errors in DNA replication, repair and recombination.
David White (officer of arms)
David Vines White (born 27 October 1961) is an officer of arms at the College of Arms in London. Since 2021, he has served as Garter Principal King of Arms.

The senior herald and genealogist at the College of Arms in London, as Garter King of Arms, White is responsible for the governance of the law of arms in England and Wales, the succession of peerage and baronet titles, introducing new peers to the House of Lords, and oversight of royal ceremonial duties.

As Garter, he assisted the Earl Marshal in arranging the Royal Procession at the Coronation of Charles III and Camilla.

Imperial, royal and noble ranks
Traditional rank amongst European imperiality, royalty, peers, and nobility is rooted in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. Although they vary over time and among geographic regions (for example, one region's prince might be equal to another's grand duke), the following is a reasonably comprehensive list that provides information on both general ranks and specific differences. Distinction should be made between reigning (or formerly reigning) families and the nobility – the latter being a social class subject to and created by the former.
Dave Hullfish Bailey
Dave Hullfish Bailey (born 1963) is an American sculptor.

Bailey holds a BA from Carleton College, an MTS from Harvard Divinity School, and an MFA from the Art Center College of Design. He also studied at the Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture. He has taught in art, architecture and public practice programs at several universities.

His work was included in the Brisbane Art Design 2019 exhibition. In 2020, his work was included in the Busan Biennale.
In 2018 he received the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation for Creative Arts, US & Canada. In 2018-19 he was named the Freund Teaching Fellow at Saint Louis Art Museum and Sam Fox School at Washington University in St. Louis.

Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture
The Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture is an artists residency located in Madison, Maine, United States. Every year, the program accepts online applications from emerging artists from November through January, and selects 65 to participate in the nine-week intensive summer program. Admissions decisions are announced in April. The school provides participants with housing, food, and studio space, and the campus offers a library, media lab, and sculpture shop, among other amenities. The tuition for the program is $6,000, however, aid is available.

While on campus, the participants interact with five or six resident faculty artists for the duration of the program, as well as five to seven visiting faculty artists, both of whom are selected by Skowhegan’s Board of Governors. Participants are not allowed to bring family or friends with them to Skowhegan, nor are visitors allowed on campus. Lectures by faculty artists, which are generally held on Fridays, are open to the public.
The Guv'nor (film)
The Guv'nor is a 1935 British comedy film starring George Arliss, Gene Gerrard and Viola Keats, and directed by Milton Rosmer. Arliss in the title role is a tramp who rides a series of misunderstandings and becomes the president of a bank. It was a remake of the 1934 French film Rothchild. The film was re-released in England in 1944 and 1949. It was released in the US as Mr. Hobo.

It was shot at the Lime Grove Studios in Shepherd's Bush. The film's sets were designed by the art director Alfred Junge.

Milton Rosmer
Milton Rosmer (4 November 1881 – 7 December 1971) was a British actor, film director and screenwriter. He made his screen debut in The Mystery of a Hansom Cab (1915) and continued to act in theatre, film and television until 1956. In 1926 he directed his first film The Woman Juror and went on to direct another 16 films between 1926 and 1938.

He began his acting career as a stage actor and appeared as Francis Tresham in "The Breed of the Treshams" (1903) opposite John Martin-Harvey.

Milton Rosmer died in Chesham, Buckinghamshire in 1971.
NEVS
NEVS AB (an abbreviated form of "National Electric Vehicle Sweden") is a Swedish electric car manufacturer which acquired the assets of Saab Automobile from a bankruptcy estate in 2012. After facing numerous financial difficulties, the company laid off most of its employees in March 2023, with both Polestar and EV Electra interested in buying the former Trollhättan factory.

Hengchi
Hengchi (Chinese: 恒驰), officially Shenzhen Hengchi Automobile Trading Co., Ltd, was a Chinese automobile manufacturer that specializes in developing electric vehicles owned by Evergrande Group. The subsidiary entered liquidation proceedings in September 2024.
Brownie Pūriri
Nau Pāraone Kawiti Pūriri (7 March 1924 – 1 September 1979) was a New Zealand land title officer and Māori welfare worker. Of Māori descent, he identified with the Ngāpuhi, Ngāti Hine and Ngāti Kahu o Torongare iwi. He was born in Ngararatunua, Northland, New Zealand in 1924.

At the 1962 local elections he stood for the Porirua Borough Council but was unsuccessful. He was a candidate to stand as the Labour Party nominee at the 1963 Northern Maori by-election after the death of Tāpihana Paraire Paikea.

Ngararatunua
Ngararatunua or Ngāraratunua is a semi-rural community on the outskirts of Whangārei, in the Northland Region of New Zealand's North Island.

The local Ngāraratunua Marae and Te Paea Soldiers' Memorial Hall is a meeting place of the Ngāpuhi hapū of Ngāti Hau, Ngāti Hine, Te Parawhau and Ngāti Kahu o Torongare.
Kragehul I
Kragehul I (DR 196 U) is a migration period lance-shaft found on Funen, Denmark. It is now in the collection of the National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark. The spear shaft was found in 1877 during the excavation of the classic war booty sacrificial site Kragehul on southern Funen. The site holds five deposits of military equipment from the period 200 to 475 AD. The spear shaft probably belongs to the latest deposit.

Scandinavian Runic-text Database
The Scandinavian Runic-text Database (Swedish: Samnordisk runtextdatabas) is a project involving the creation and maintenance of a database of transliterated runic inscriptions. The project's goal is to comprehensively catalog runestones in a machine-readable way for future research. The database is freely available via the Internet with a client program, called Rundata, for Microsoft Windows. For other operating systems, text files are provided or a web browser can be used to interact with the web application Runor.
Eliana Fu
Eliana Koon Yee Fu is a British materials scientist and innovator. She works as an aerospace and medical manager at Trumpf Laser Technology. In 2022, she was named the TCT Women in 3D Printing Innovator of the Year.

Trumpf
TRUMPF SE + Co. KG is a German family-owned company based in Ditzingen near Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg. It originates from Julius Geiger's mechanical workshop. The Trumpf and Leibinger families transformed the medium-sized company into a globally recognized industrial group. Today, the company is one of the world’s largest suppliers of machine tools and a leader in laser technology. Trumpf is one of the most well-known representatives of the German 'Mittelstand'.
Cordillera Occidental (Colombia)
The Cordillera Occidental (English: Western Ranges) is the lowest in elevation of the three branches of the Colombian Andes.  The average altitude is 2,000 m (6,600 ft) and the highest peak is Cerro Tatamá at 4,100 m (13,500 ft).  The range extends from south to north diverging from the Colombian Massif in Nariño Department, passes north through Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Risaralda, Chocó, and Caldas Departments to the Paramillo Massif in Antioquia and Córdoba Departments. The cordillera is paralleled on the east by the Cauca river. From this massif the range divides further to form the Serranías de Ayapel, San Jerónimo and Abibe, receding into the Caribbean plain and the Sinú River valley.

It is a direct continuation of the Cordillera Occidental of Ecuador.

Risaralda Department
Risaralda (Spanish pronunciation: [risaˈɾalda]) is a department of Colombia. It is located in the western central of the country, in the Andean region, It is part of the Coffee axis with Caldas and Quindío. Its capital is Pereira. Risaralda is very well known for the high quality of its coffee, and a booming industry: automotive, clothes, food, trading of goods and services.

It was divided from the department of Caldas in 1966. The territory is very mountainous and has many kinds of climates in a very small area. Its proximity to harbours such as Buenaventura on the Pacific Region and to the biggest cities in Colombia – Bogotá, Cali, Medellín – makes it a fast-growing economic centre.