hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Visual flight
Visual flight or visual attitude flying is the control of an aircraft via outside references (such as the sky or the runway in takeoff). For aircraft, the primary visual reference used is usually the relationship between the aircraft's "nose" or cowling against the natural horizon. Regulations for visual flights are under a separate set of visual flight rules.

The pilot can maintain or change the airspeed, altitude, and direction of flight (heading) as well as the rate of climb or rate of descent and rate of turn (bank angle) through the use of the aircraft flight controls and aircraft engine controls to adjust the "sight picture". Some reference to flight instruments is usually necessary to determine exact airspeed, altitude, heading, bank angle and rate of climb/descent.

Visual flight rules
In aviation, visual flight rules (VFR) is a set of regulations under which a pilot operates an aircraft in weather conditions generally clear enough to allow the pilot to see where the aircraft is going. Specifically, the weather must be better than basic VFR weather minima, i.e., in visual meteorological conditions (VMC), as specified in the rules of the relevant aviation authority. The pilot must be able to operate the aircraft with visual reference to the ground, and by visually avoiding obstructions and other aircraft.

If the weather is less than VMC, pilots are required to use instrument flight rules, and operation of the aircraft will be primarily through referencing the instruments rather than visual reference. In a control zone, a VFR flight may obtain a clearance from air traffic control to operate as Special VFR.
Malayinkeezhu
Malayinkeezhu is a suburb of Trivandrum, the largest city and capital of the Indian state of Kerala. It is located at the south-eastern side of Thiruvananthapuram Metropolitan Area, and is at a distance of 13 km from the heart of the city. The town is famous for the religious festival named Malayinkeezhu Aarattu. Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary, one of the major tourist destinations in Thiruvananthapuram district, is situated 17 km away from the town. The nearest airport is Trivandrum International Airport (16 km) and Balaramapuram Railway Station (9.1 km) is the nearest railway station. The Pincode of Malayinkeezhu Post Office is 695571 which comes under the postal circle of Neyyattinkara region.

Neyyattinkara
Neyyattinkara is a municipal town in Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala, India. It also serves as the administrative headquarters of Neyyattinkara taluk. Nestled along the banks of the Neyyar River, one of the district's principal rivers, the town derives its name from its location, with 'Neyyatinkara' in Malayalam translating to 'the shore of the river Neyyar.' Neyyattinkara ranks as the second most densely populated municipality in the district, following Varkala. Notably, the Vizhinjam International Seaport Thiruvananthapuram is situated within Neyyattinkara Taluk."
Henry Jackson Yue
Henry Jackson Yue (Chinese: 余職慎; 15 July 1881 – 30 October 1955) was a New Zealand teacher, translator and consul. He was born in Roxburgh, New Zealand in 1881, and died at Paekakariki, New Zealand in 1955.

Roxburgh, New Zealand
Roxburgh (previously called Teviot and Teviot Junction) is a small New Zealand town of about 600 people in Central Otago. It is in Teviot Valley on the banks of the Clutha River, 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of Alexandra in the South Island. State Highway 8, which links Central Otago with Dunedin city, passes through the town. Roxburgh is well known for its Summer fruit and "Jimmy's Pies."

An important centre during the Otago gold rush of the 1860s, in more recent times Roxburgh has relied on a mixture of livestock and stone fruit production for its economic survival. It is one of the country's most important apple growing regions and other stone fruit such as cherries and apricots are also harvested locally.

Five kilometres to the north of the town is the Roxburgh Dam, the earliest of the major hydroelectric dams built on the Clutha. There is also an opencast lignite mine located just north of town at Coal Creek.
USNS John Lewis
USNS John Lewis (T-AO-205) is a United States Navy replenishment oiler and the lead ship of  her class. She is part of the Military Sealift Command fleet of support ships.

Ray Mabus, then Secretary of the Navy, announced on 6 January 2016 that the ship would be named in honor of John Lewis. a 1960s Civil Rights Movement leader and at the time a sitting United States representative (1987 until his death in 2020).

Replenishment oiler
A replenishment oiler or replenishment tanker is a naval auxiliary ship with fuel tanks and dry cargo holds which can supply both fuel and dry stores during underway replenishment (UNREP) at sea. Many countries have used replenishment oilers.

The United States Navy's hull classification symbol for this type of ship was 'AOR' (Auxiliary Oil Replenishment). Replenishment oilers are slower and carry fewer dry stores than the US Navy's modern fast combat support ships, which carry the classification 'AOE'. In 2020 the US Navy began to develop a new type of ship, the 'AOL' or light replenishment oiler; construction of the first is planned for 2026.
OMEGA process
The OMEGA process ("Only MEG Advantage") is a chemical process discovered by the Shell Global Solutions company that is used to produce ethylene glycol from ethylene. This process comprises two steps, the controlled oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide, and the net hydrolysis of ethylene oxide to monoethylene glycol (MEG). The first chemical plant using the OMEGA process was started in South Korea. Subsequent OMEGA plants have been started in Saudi Arabia and Singapore. Shell claims that this process, compared to conventional ones, does not produce higher glycols, uses less steam and water, and generates less waste.

Ethylene
Ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) is a hydrocarbon which has the formula C2H4 or H2C=CH2. It is a colourless, flammable gas with a faint "sweet and musky" odour when pure. It is the simplest alkene (a hydrocarbon with carbon–carbon double bonds).

Ethylene is widely used in the chemical industry, and its worldwide production (over 225 million tonnes in 2022) exceeds that of any other organic compound. Much of this production goes toward creating polyethylene, which is a widely used plastic containing polymer chains of ethylene units in various chain lengths. Production emits greenhouse gases, including methane from feedstock production and carbon dioxide from any non-sustainable energy used.

Ethylene is also an important natural plant hormone and is used in agriculture to induce ripening of fruits. The hydrate of ethylene is ethanol.
Springfield Golf Club
Pine Ridge Golf Club is a golf course in the U.S. state of Oregon, located in the Mohawk Valley about eight miles northeast of the Eugene-Springfield area. Part of the course is located along the Mohawk River. The 18-hole course is just over 6500 yards.

Springfield, Oregon
Springfield is a city in Lane County, Oregon, United States. Located in the Southern Willamette Valley, it is within the Eugene-Springfield metropolitan statistical area. Separated from Eugene to the west, mainly by Interstate 5, Springfield is the second-most populous city in the metropolitan area after Eugene. As of the 2020 census, the city has a total population of 61,851, making it the ninth-most populous city in Oregon.

The Briggs family first settled the Springfield area, arriving in 1848. The community was incorporated as a city in 1885. The city was named after a natural spring located in a field or prairie within the current city boundaries. For the majority of the 20th century, the economy of Springfield was largely dependent on the Oregon timber industry; since the 1990s, however, the economy has diversified, with PeaceHealth now the largest employer in the city. Public education in the city is provided by the Springfield School District.
Antisleep Vol. 01
Antisleep Vol. 01 is the debut studio album by American multi-genre project Blue Stahli, released in 2008. The majority of the tracks are instrumental. The album was produced by Klayton of Celldweller and it was mixed by Klayton and Bret. The cover artwork was made by Shawn Landis of Virocity.

Klayton
Klayton (born Scott David Albert; June 17, 1969) is an American multi-instrumentalist and singer based in Los Angeles, California. He has led several electronic/industrial bands and has performed under a variety of stage names since the early 1990s. His current projects are Celldweller, Scandroid, Circle of Dust and FreqGen.
Chinese bush warbler
The Chinese bush warbler (Locustella tacsanowskia) is an Old World warbler in the family Locustellidae. The species was first described by Robert Swinhoe in 1871. It breeds in the East Palearctic (East Siberia to Tibet and South China); it winters to Northeast India, Yunnan and Southeast Asia.
Its natural habitat is temperate forests.

Robert Swinhoe
Robert Swinhoe FRS (1 September 1836 – 28 October 1877) was an English diplomat and naturalist who worked as a Consul in Qing-era Taiwan (then known to Westerners as Formosa). He catalogued many Southeast Asian birds, and several, such as Swinhoe's pheasant, are named after him.
Metcard
Metcard was the brand name of an  integrated ticketing system used to access public transport in Melbourne, Australia. It was a universal ticket which allowed  users to ride on the city's Metlink and Metropolitan Transit Authority network, consisting of suburban trains, trams, and buses, including the NightRider network. The Metcard was a credit card-sized ticket made out of cardboard and used a magnetic strip to store fare  data. Metcard was operated by OneLink Transit Systems under a contract with the Government of Victoria which was managed by the Transport Ticketing Authority.

Digital card
The term digital card can refer to a physical item, such as a memory card on a camera, or, increasingly since 2017, to the digital content hosted 
as a virtual card or cloud card, as a digital virtual representation of a physical card. They share a common purpose: identity management, credit card, debit card or driver's license. A non-physical digital card, unlike a magnetic stripe card, can emulate (imitate) any kind of card.

A smartphone or smartwatch can store content from the card issuer; discount offers and news updates can be transmitted wirelessly, via Internet. These virtual cards are used in very high volumes by the mass transit sector, replacing paper-based tickets and the earlier magnetic strip cards.
Faith Wilding
Faith Wilding (born 1943) is a Paraguayan American multidisciplinary artist - which includes but is not limited to: watercolor, performance art, writing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, and digital art. She is also an author, educator, and activist widely known for her contribution to the progressive development of feminist art. She also fights for ecofeminism, genetics, cyberfeminism, and reproductive rights. Wilding is Professor Emerita of performance art at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago.

Digital art
Digital art, or the digital arts, is artistic work that uses digital technology as part of the creative or presentational process. It can also refer to computational art that uses and engages with digital media. Since the 1960s, various names have been used to describe digital art, including computer art, electronic art, multimedia art, and new media art. Digital art includes pieces stored on physical media, such as with digital painting, as well as digital galleries on websites. Digital art also extends to the field of visual computing.
Unikowo, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Unikowo [uniˈkɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bisztynek, within Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) east of Bisztynek, 26 km (16 mi) south-east of Bartoszyce, and 44 km (27 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Bartoszyce
Bartoszyce (pronounced Barto-shitse [bartɔˈʂɨt͡sɛ] ⓘ; German: Bartenstein, [ˈbaʁtn̩ʃtaɪn] ⓘ) is a town on the Łyna River in northern Poland, with 22,597 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is the capital of Bartoszyce County within the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship.
Jean B. Bingham
Jean Barrus Bingham (born June 10, 1952) was the 17th Relief Society General President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from April 2017 to August 2022.

Bingham was born in Provo, Utah to Robert R. Barrus and Edith Joy Clark. Bingham was raised in New Jersey, Minnesota, and Texas. In Minneapolis, Minnesota, her father served in the LDS Church's local congregation as its bishop, and she did minor aid in helping build a new chapel. She lived in New Jersey during her high school years. She has an associate degree from Elgin Community College and another from Brigham Young University (BYU), along with bachelor's and master's degrees in teaching from National Louis University. After graduating, she moved to Illinois and also lived in Wisconsin. Bingham taught English as a second language and also worked as a nurse's aid.

Elgin Community College
Elgin Community College (ECC) is a public community college in Elgin, Illinois. It was founded in 1949 as part of Elgin Area School District U46. Community College District 509 was formed 17 years later in 1966, a year after Illinois legislators created the Illinois Community College System. Most of the District is in Kane County with portions in DeKalb, Cook, McHenry, and DuPage. The 360-square-mile (930 km2) District serves 300,000 people, 11,000 businesses, four public school districts, and 15 high schools.
Jaya Group of Colleges
The Jaya Group of Colleges (Tamil: ஜெயா கல்லூரிகள்) consists of more than 20 education institutions including two higher secondary schools and seven professional course institutions in the suburbs of Thiruninravur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. The colleges are run by a trust named Jaya Education Trust. The trust was founded in 1977 and expanded into a chain of minority run establishments.  The school caters to the needs of students in and around Thiruninravur, a majority of whom are socially and economically disadvantaged.

Thiruninravur
Thirunindravur (also spelt Tiruninravur) is a locality in the western outskirts of Chennai city and falls under Tiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu. It lies within the Chennai Metropolitan Area (Greater Chennai), around 30 kilometers from the city center at Parry's Corner.  The neighbourhood is served by Thirunindravur railway station of Chennai suburban railway. Thiruninravur lake provides the neighbourhood with water. It serves as the connecting hub between Chennai and Tirupati. It is included in the region managed by the CMDA.
BTS Group
BTS Group AB (BTS) is a strategic consulting firm founded in 1986. The company serves banking, biotech and pharmaceutical, consumer products, insurance, manufacturing, oil and gas, professional services, retail, technology, and telecommunications sectors.

Headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden, the firm has over 600 employees across 34 global offices. The company's client base is spread across 53 countries and includes 60 of the U.S. Fortune 100 and over 30 of the Global Fortune 100.

BTS is a public company listed on the NASDAQ-OMX Stockholm trading under the symbol BTS B.

Nasdaq Nordic
Nasdaq Nordic is the common name for the subsidiaries of Nasdaq, Inc. that provide financial services and operate marketplaces for securities in the Nordic and Baltic regions of Europe.

Historically, the operations were known by the company name OMX AB (Aktiebolaget Optionsmäklarna/Helsinki Stock Exchange), created in 2003 with the merger between OM AB and HEX plc. In 2015, the legal entity OMX AB was renamed Nasdaq AB, but it also operates under the name Nasdaq OMX AB. The operations have been part of Nasdaq, Inc. (formerly known as Nasdaq OMX Group) since February 2008.

On 23 August 2023, the company formed EuroCTP as a joint venture with 13 other bourses, in an effort to provide a consolidated tape for the European Union, as part of the Capital Markets Union proposed by the European Commission.
2nd Time Around (album)
2nd Time Around is a studio album recorded by American R&B group the Spinners, released in October 1970 on Motown's V.I.P. label (their second overall). This is their only album with G. C. Cameron (who replaced Edgar Edwards from the previous album and was replaced by Philippé Wynne on their next album). This is also the group's last album made while they were under contract with Motown Records; by the time of their next album, they had signed at Atlantic Records.

Philippé Wynne
Philippé Wynne (aka Philippe Escalante Wynn; né Walker; April 3, 1941 – July 14, 1984) was an American singer, best known for his role as a lead vocalist of The Spinners (a role he shared with fellow group members Bobby Smith and Henry Fambrough). Wynne scored notable hits such as "How Could I Let You Get Away", "The Rubberband Man", and "One of a Kind (Love Affair)". After leaving The Spinners, Wynne never regained the same success, although he was featured in hits by other artists such as "(Not Just) Knee Deep" by Funkadelic. Wynne died of a heart attack while performing at a nightclub.
Chi Biqing
Chi Biqing (Chinese: 池必卿; 1917–2007) was a People's Republic of China politician. He was born in Pingding County, Shanxi Province. He was Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary and CPPCC Chairman of Guizhou. He was a member of the Central Advisory Commission, 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and 12th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

Central Advisory Commission
The Central Advisory Commission (CAC) was a body of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) that existed during the era of the paramount leadership of Deng Xiaoping. The body was supposed to provide "political assistance and consultation" to the CCP Central Committee; however, as the CAC was a select group of senior CCP leadership, it was often seen as having more authority unofficially than that body.
Splenosis
Splenosis is the result of spleen tissue breaking off the main organ and implanting at another site inside the body.  This is called heterotopic autotransplantation of the spleen.  It most commonly occurs as a result of traumatic splenic rupture or abdominal surgery. Depending on the location of the spleen, the new piece usually implants in another part of the abdominal cavity (including the pelvic cavity).  Single case reports also describe splenosis in the thoracic cavity, in subcutaneous tissue, in the liver or in the cranial cavity. Splenosis must be distinguished from the presence of additional spleens, which are innate and are the result of differences in embryological development. Additionally, splenosis must be differentiated from malignant tumors which may look similar when imaged.

Heterotopia (medicine)
In medicine, heterotopia is the presence of a particular tissue type at a non-physiological site, but usually co-existing with original tissue in its correct anatomical location. In other words, it implies ectopic tissue, in addition to retention of the original tissue type.
PL/Perl
PL/Perl (Procedural Language/Perl) is a procedural language supported by the PostgreSQL RDBMS.

PL/Perl, as an imperative programming language, allows more control than the relational algebra of SQL.
Programs created in the PL/Perl language are called functions and can use most of the features that the Perl programming language provides, including common flow control structures and syntax that has incorporated regular expressions directly.
These functions can be evaluated as part of a SQL statement, or in response to a trigger or rule.

The design goals of PL/Perl were to create a loadable procedural language that:

can be used to create functions and trigger procedures,

adds control structures to the SQL language,

can perform complex computations,

can be defined to be either trusted or untrusted by the server,

is easy to use.

PL/Perl is one of many "PL" languages available for PostgreSQL
PL/pgSQL
PL/Java, 
plPHP, 
PL/Python, 
PL/R, 
PL/Ruby, 
PL/sh, 
and PL/Tcl.

Database trigger
A database trigger is procedural code that is automatically executed in response to certain events on a particular table or view in a database. The trigger is mostly used for maintaining the integrity of the information on the database. For example, when a new record (representing a new worker) is added to the employees table, new records should also be created in the tables of the taxes, vacations and salaries. Triggers can also be used to log historical data, for example to keep track of employees' previous salaries.
Edwin San Juan
Edwin San Juan (born February 24, 1969) is a Filipino American actor and comedian known for sharing his multicultural life experiences, observational humor, and word play, as well as poking fun at ethnic stereotypes. He is the creator and executive producer of "SlantED Comedy," a showcase of Asian American standup comedians televised on Showtime.

Filipino Americans
Filipino Americans (Filipino: Mga Pilipinong Amerikano) are Americans of Filipino ancestry. Filipinos in North America were first documented in the 16th century and other small settlements beginning in the 18th century. Mass migration did not begin until after the end of the Spanish–American War at the end of the 19th century, when the Philippines was ceded from Spain to the United States in the Treaty of Paris.

As of 2022, there were almost 4.5 million Filipino Americans in the United States with large communities in California, Hawaii, Illinois, Texas, Florida, Nevada, and the New York metropolitan area. Around one third of Filipino Americans identify as multiracial or multiethnic, with 3 million reporting only Filipino ancestry and 1.5 million reporting Filipino in combination with another group.
Steve Combs
Steve Combs (born July 22, 1941) is an American wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle 78 kg at the 1968 Summer Olympics. Combs wrestled collegiately at Iowa, where he was a Big Ten champion and NCAA runner-up. He helped play a major role in growing USA Wrestling and was later a successful high school coach in Deerfield, Illinois. In 1985, he was inducted into the National Wrestling Hall of Fame as a Distinguished Member.

Iowa Hawkeyes wrestling
The University of Iowa men's wrestling program is one of the most successful NCAA Division I athletic programs. The Hawkeyes are 37 time Big Ten Conference champions and second in NCAA history with 24 National Championships.
Parade (revue)
Parade is a musical revue with book, music, and lyrics by Jerry Herman.

The original production was produced by Lawrence Kasha that opened originally at the Showplace in New York and moved off-Broadway to The Players Theatre on January 20, 1960.

Charles Nelson Reilly
Charles Nelson Reilly (January 13, 1931 – May 25, 2007) was an American actor, comedian, director and drama teacher. He performed in the original Broadway casts of Bye Bye Birdie; Hello, Dolly!; and How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying, for which he won the Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Musical. His television credits include The Ghost & Mrs. Muir and Match Game. A recording of his autobiographical one-man play Save It for the Stage: The Life of Reilly was adapted into a 2006 independent film.