hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cheating Hitler: Surviving the Holocaust
Cheating Hitler: Surviving the Holocaust is a Canadian television documentary film directed by Rebecca Snow, which premiered in 2019 on History. The film focuses on Helen Yermus, Maxwell Smart and Rose Lipsyzc, three Jewish Canadians who survived the Holocaust as children, as they share their stories and explore unresolved questions from their histories in conjunction with historians, genealogists and forensic experts.

The film aired on History on November 11, 2019, and was rebroadcast on November 16 by the Global Television Network.

Global Television Network
The Global Television Network (more commonly called Global, or occasionally Global TV) is a Canadian English-language terrestrial television network. It is currently Canada's second most-watched private terrestrial television network after CTV, and has fifteen owned-and-operated stations throughout the country. Global is owned by Corus Entertainment — the media holdings of JR Shaw and other members of his family.

Global has its origins in a regional television station of the same name, serving Southern Ontario, which launched in 1974. The Ontario station was soon purchased by the now-defunct CanWest Global Communications, and that company gradually expanded its national reach in the subsequent decades through both acquisitions and new station launches, building up a quasi-network of independent stations, known as the CanWest Global System, until the stations were unified under the Ontario station's branding in 1997.
Giants of Science
Giants of Science is an Australian geek rock band formed in Brisbane, Queensland in 1999. They refer to their music as "nerd-core" and have been influenced by Split Enz Swervedriver, Sparklehorse, Superchunk, Brisbane underground rockers the KT26ers, and Sonic's Rendezvous Band. They have supported MC5, Rollins Band, A Perfect Circle, and Mudhoney and have toured in Canada. Their album Here Is The Punishment debuted at #4 on the national AIR independent albums chart.

Mudhoney
Mudhoney is an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, on January 1, 1988, following the demise of Green River. Its members are singer and rhythm guitarist Mark Arm, lead guitarist Steve Turner, bassist Guy Maddison and drummer Dan Peters. Original bassist Matt Lukin left the band in 1999, but rejoined the band in December 2000 for a tour that lasted through January 2001.

Mudhoney's early releases on the Sub Pop label, particularly their debut single "Touch Me I'm Sick" and the Superfuzz Bigmuff EP, were instrumental in the creation of the grunge genre. Although the band found little commercial success and remained somewhat 'underground' and non-mainstream, Mudhoney has released eleven studio albums and inspired countless grunge and alternative rock musicians during their long career.
Rosalind Chao
Rosalind Chao (born September 23, 1957) is an American actress. She appeared as Soon-Lee Klinger in the mid-1980s CBS show AfterMASH, Rose Hsu Jordan in the 1993 movie The Joy Luck Club, the recurring character Keiko O'Brien on Star Trek: The Next Generation and Star Trek: Deep Space Nine in the 1990s, and Dr. Kim on The O.C. in 2003. She also played Hua Li, Mulan's mother, in the live-action 2020 remake of Mulan. In 2024 she starred as Ye Wenjie in the Netflix production of 3 Body Problem. She played the role of Pei Pei in the 2003 film Freaky Friday and its 2025 sequel Freakier Friday. From 2023-24, Chao appeared in the Netflix fantasy series Sweet Tooth, earning a Children's and Family Emmy Award for her performance.

Children's and Family Emmy Awards
The Children's and Family Emmy Awards, or Children's and Family Emmys, are a part of the extensive range of Emmy Awards for artistic and technical merit for the American television industry. Bestowed by the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences (NATAS), the Children's and Family Emmys are presented in recognition of excellence in American children's and family-oriented television programming. The first ceremony took place on December 10 and 11, 2022, at Wilshire Ebell Theatre, Los Angeles. Awards for children's programming are offshoots of categories that were previously presented at both the Daytime Emmys and the Primetime Emmys.
Seabourne
Seabourne is a surname. People with the surname include:

Barry Seabourne (born 1947), English rugby league player

John Seabourne, British film editor (fl. 1930s–1950s)

Peter Seabourne (born 1960), English contemporary classical composer

John Seabourne
John Seabourne was a British film editor active between the 1930s and 1950s. During the early 1930s he edited British Gaumont's newsreels. He is sometimes known as John Seabourne Sr. to distinguish him from his son.
2023 Nigerian presidential election in Borno State
The 2023 Nigerian presidential election in Borno State will be held on 25 February 2023 as part of the nationwide 2023 Nigerian presidential election to elect the president and vice president of Nigeria. Other federal elections, including elections to the House of Representatives and the Senate, will also be held on the same date while state elections will be held two weeks afterward on 11 March.

2023 Nigerian House of Representatives election
The 2023 Nigerian House of Representatives elections were held on 25 February 2023 where voters  elected members of the House of Representatives using first-past-the-post voting in all 360 federal constituencies. The last regular House elections for all districts were in 2019.

Other federal elections, including the Senate elections and the presidential election, held on the same date while state elections were held two weeks afterwards on 18 March. The winners of these House elections will serve beginning in the 10th Nigerian National Assembly. The APC have held a majority in the House of Representatives since the 2015 elections and solidified that majority in 2019.
Ma Alalta
Ma Alalta is a stratovolcano in the Afar Region of Ethiopia, located well to the west of the Danakil Depression at the foot of the regional Ethiopian scarp. It has a summit elevation of 1,745 m (5,725 ft) and lies between two large horsts related to the East African Rift.

Ma Alalta is trachytic and rhyolitic in composition, containing nested oval-shaped calderas at its summit. Extending northeast and southeast of the stratovolcano are ignimbrite deposits that may be related to the formation of a larger caldera in which Ma Alalta is located.

The northwestern, southeastern and eastern flanks of Ma Alalta have produced youthful basaltic lava flows whereas the southern flank has produced recent pantelleritic obsidian domes and lava flows. One of the domes exhibit fumarolic activity.

East African Rift
The East African Rift (EAR) or East African Rift System (EARS) is an active continental rift zone in East Africa. The EAR began developing around the onset of the Miocene, 22–25 million years ago. It is considered to be part of a larger system, formerly known as the Great Rift Valley, that extends north to Asia Minor, also known as Anatolia.

A narrow zone, the rift is a developing divergent tectonic plate boundary where the African plate is in the process of splitting into two tectonic plates, called the Somali plate and the Nubian plate, at a rate of 8–9 mm (0.31–0.35 in) per year. The rift system consists of three microplates, the Victoria microplate to the north, and the Rovuma and Lwandle microplates to the south.  The Victoria microplate is rotating anti-clockwise with respect to the African plate. Its rotation is caused by the configuration of mechanically weaker and stronger lithospheric regions in the EARS.

Many of the African Great Lakes lie within the Rift Valley.
BGZ Bank
BGZ Bank (Polish: Bank BGŻ), for Bank Gospodarki Żywnościowej (lit. 'Bank of the agricultural economy'), was a significant bank in Poland based in Warsaw.

BGZ was created in 1975 by merger of two pre-existing financial institutions supporting Poland's agricultural and cooperative banking sector. In Poland's post-communist transition, BGZ Bank grew as a commercial bank while its role as a national entity serving local cooperative banks was gradually eroded to the benefit of competing entities, resulting in the formation of the BPS Group and SGB Group.

In 2015, BGZ Bank was acquired by BNP Paribas which renamed it Bank BGŻ BNP Paribas. The BGŻ brand was finally terminated in 2019 when the entity became BNP Paribas Bank Polska.

Post-communism
Post-communism is the period of political and economic transformation or transition in post-Soviet states and other formerly communist states located in Central-Eastern Europe and parts of Latin America, Africa, and Asia, in which new governments aimed to create free market-oriented capitalist economies. In 1989–1992, communist party governance collapsed in most communist party-governed states. After severe hardships communist parties retained control in China, Cuba, Laos, North Korea, and Vietnam. SFR Yugoslavia began to disintegrate, which plunged the country into a long complex series of wars between ethnic groups and nation-states. Soviet-oriented communist movements collapsed in countries where they were not in control.
Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland (2022)
The following is a timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland during 2022. There are significant differences in the legislation and the reporting between the countries of the UK: England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales.

Office for National Statistics
The Office for National Statistics (ONS; Welsh: Swyddfa Ystadegau Gwladol) is the executive office of the UK Statistics Authority, a non-ministerial department which reports directly to the UK Parliament.
Dodge-Bailey House
The Dodge-Bailey House, at 3775 Old Santa Fe Trail in Santa Fe, New Mexico, was built in 1940.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

It was a work of architect John Gaw Meem in Pueblo Revival style.

It is in the lower part of Sun Mountain.

Pueblo Revival architecture
The Pueblo Revival style or Santa Fe style is a regional architectural style of the Southwestern United States, which draws its inspiration from Santa Fe de Nuevo México's traditional Pueblo architecture, the Spanish missions, and Territorial Style. The style developed at the beginning of the 20th century and reached its greatest popularity in the 1920s and 1930s, though it is still commonly used for new buildings. Pueblo traditional architecture is most prevalent in the state of New Mexico; it is often blended with Territorial Revival architecture.
Mirabello Monferrato
Mirabello Monferrato is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region of Piedmont, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) east of Turin and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Alessandria.

Mirabello Monferrato borders the following municipalities: Giarole, Lu e Cuccaro Monferrato, Occimiano, San Salvatore Monferrato, and Valenza.

Valenza
Valenza (Piedmontese: Valensa or Valensá) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) east of Turin and about 11 kilometres (7 mi) north of Alessandria, in the extreme Montferrat’s offshoots, in the Lombardy’s border.

It is sometimes called “Valenza Po”.

It is also one of the principal zones in the Alessandria’s province, due to its schools poles and the hospital.
Beatrice Ensor
Beatrice Ensor (11 August 1885 – 1974), birth name Beatrice Nina Frederica de Normann, was an English theosophical educationist and pedagogue. She was co-founder of the New Education Fellowship (later World Education Fellowship) and editor of the journal Education for the New Era.

Maria Montessori
Maria Tecla Artemisia Montessori (/ˌmɒntɪˈsɔːri/ MON-tiss-OR-ee; Italian: [maˈriːa montesˈsɔːri]; 31 August 1870 – 6 May 1952) was an Italian physician and educator best known for her philosophy of education (the Montessori method) and her writing on scientific pedagogy. At an early age, Montessori enrolled in classes at an all-boys technical school, with hopes of becoming an engineer. She soon had a change of heart and began medical school at the Sapienza University of Rome, becoming one of the first women to attend medical school in Italy; she graduated with honors in 1896. Her educational method is in use globally in many public and private schools.
Canton of Florac Trois Rivières
The canton of Florac Trois Rivières (Previously: canton of Florac) is an administrative division of the Lozère department, southern France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Florac Trois Rivières.

It consists of the following communes:

Florac Trois Rivières
Florac Trois Rivières (French pronunciation: [flɔʁak tʁwɑ ʁivjɛʁ] ⓘ, literally 'Florac Three Rivers'; Occitan: Florac-Tres-Rius) is a commune in the department of Lozère, southern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2016 by merger of the former communes of Florac and La Salle-Prunet. It is the seat (sous-préfecture) of the arrondissement of Florac.
Lada (surname)
Lada (Cyrillic: Лада) is the surname of the following people:

Androniki Lada (born 1991), Cypriot discus thrower

Anton Lada (1890–1944), American ragtime, jazz and dance musician and recording artist

Elizabeth Lada, American astronomer

Éric Lada (born 1965), French football player

Jen Lada (born 1981), American sportscaster

Josef Lada (1887–1957), Czech illustrator

Oksana Lada (born 1976), Ukrainian actress

Otakar Lada (1883–1956), Bohemian fencer

Polly Lada-Mocarski (1902–1997), American bookbinder, inventor and rare book scholar

Josef Lada
Josef Lada (17 December 1887 – 14 December 1957) was a Czech painter, illustrator, cartoonist and writer. He was pioneer of the Czech comicbook tradition and founder of the "Czech modern fairytale" genre. He is considered one of the greatest Czech artists of all times – which is also what the artist Pablo Picasso had claimed him to be. He is best known for his children's books and as the illustrator of Jaroslav Hašek's World War I novel The Good Soldier Švejk. He's an author of over 15,000 illustrations (both colour and black and white) and more than 600 paintings. The main themes and motives of his work include the following: home village Hrusice, water goblins and sprites, night watchmen, pub fights and the traditional pig-slaughter.
KhAB-250
The KhAB-250 is the provisional name of an aerial bomb developed by the Soviet Air Force to deliver the chemical weapon sarin.

The KhAB-250 operational weight has been reported as 333 lb (151 kg) and 514 lb (233 kg). The Tupolev Tu-22 could carry 24.

The bomb uses a burst charge to detonate on impact with the ground. It contains a payload of 108 lb (49 kg) of sarin.

The KhAB-250 was displayed at the Shikani Test and Proving Grounds in 1986 as a component of the then-current Soviet chemical arsenal. Contemporary analysts noted that it appeared relatively unsophisticated compared to Soviet conventional munitions of the same time frame.

The bomb was removed from service as a result of the Chemical Weapons Convention in the early 1990s.

Soviet Air Forces
The Soviet Air Forces (Russian: Военно-Воздушные Силы Союза Советских Социалистических Республик, romanized: Voenno-Vozdushnye Sily Soyuza Sovetskih Sotsialisticheskih Respublik, lit. 'Military Air Forces of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics'; abbr. VVS SSSR; sometimes referred to as the "Red Air Force") was one of  two air forces belonging to the Soviet Union. The other was the Soviet Air Defence Forces. The Air Forces were formed from components of the Imperial Russian Air Service in 1917, and faced their greatest test during World War II. The groups were also involved in the Korean War, and dissolved along with the Soviet Union itself in 1991–92. Former Soviet Air Forces' assets were subsequently divided into several air forces of former Soviet republics, including the new Russian Air Force. The "March of the Pilots" was its marching song.
The Hood Dictionary
The Hood Dictionary is the fourth mixtape by American rapper NoCap. It was released on November 19, 2019, by Atlantic Records and Never Broke Again. The mixtape features guest appearances from Quando Rondo, Lil Durk, and Jagged Edge. Meanwhile, the mixtape was handled by a variety of prestigious producers including CashMoneyAP, SephGotTheWaves, Outtatown, Rude Dolph, Jambo, Otxhello, Young Cutta, and YoungKimJ, among others.

The mixtape was supported by three singles: "First Day In", "Ghetto Angels (Remix)" featuring Lil Durk and Jagged Edge, and "What You Know". The mixtape debuted at number 80 on the US Billboard 200.

Never Broke Again
Never Broke Again, LLC (NBA) is a record label based in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, founded by American rappers YoungBoy Never Broke Again and OG 3Three Never Broke Again in 2015. It was launched as an imprint of Atlantic Records, a division of Warner Music Group until 2022, after which it has operated as an imprint of Motown, a division of Universal Music Group. Never Broke Again has signed and released albums for artists such as Quando Rondo and NoCap, and several upcoming Southern hip hop artists.
Kujargé language
The Kujargé language is spoken in seven villages in eastern Chad near Jebel Mirra (11°45′N 22°15′E﻿ / ﻿11.750°N 22.250°E﻿ / 11.750; 22.250), and in villages scattered along the lower Wadi Salih and Wadi Azum in Darfur, Sudan. It is estimated to have about 1,000 speakers (as of 1983).

Fur people
The Fur (Fur: fòòrà, Arabic: فور Fūr) are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting Darfur in the western Sudan, where they are the largest ethnic group. They speak the Fur language, which belongs to the Nilo-Saharan family. Muslim cattle herders and farmers, they have been displaced and attacked in ethnic conflicts. Darfur means home of the Fur.
Chto Delat? (art collective)
Chto Delat?, now known as Chto Delat (without the question mark), is a collective of artists, critics, philosophers and writers. Its name refers to Nikolai Chernyshevsky's novel Chto Delat'? (Russian: Что делать?, lit. What to Do?, English: What Is to Be Done?, 1863) and Vladimir Lenin's pamphlet of the same title (1902).

The collective was founded in 2003 in Saint Petersburg, Russia, where it is still currently based. There are nine core members, coming from Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, and Saint Petersburg: Olga Egorova aka Tsaplya (artist), Nina Gasteva (choreographer), Artemy Magun (philosopher), Nikolay Oleynikov (artist), Alexei Penzin (philosopher), Natalia Pershina-Yakimanskaya aka Gluklya (artist), Aleksandr Skidan (poet and critic), Oxana Timofeeva (philosopher), and Dmitry Vilensky (artist).

Nikolay Chernyshevsky
Nikolay Gavrilovich Chernyshevsky (24 July [O.S. 12 July] 1828 – 29 October [O.S. 17 October] 1889) was a Russian literary and social critic, journalist, novelist, democrat, and socialist philosopher, often identified as a utopian socialist and leading theoretician of Russian nihilism and the Narodniks. He was the dominant intellectual figure of the 1860s revolutionary democratic movement in Russia, despite spending much of his later life in exile to Siberia, and was later highly praised by Karl Marx, Georgi Plekhanov, and Vladimir Lenin.
Tuala Tagaloa Sale Kerslake
Tuala Tagaloa Sale Kerslake (born 1954) is a Samoan judge, politician and former Cabinet Minister. From 2004 — 2016 he was President of the Land and Titles Court of Samoa. He is a member of the Human Rights Protection Party.

Human Rights Protection Party
The Human Rights Protection Party (HRPP, Samoan: Vaega Faʻaupufai e Puipuia Aia Tatau a Tagata) is a Samoan political party. It was founded in 1979 and dominated Samoan party politics for decades thereafter, leading every government until their defeat in 2021. Former Prime Minister Tuilaʻepa Saʻilele Malielegaoi has led the party since 1998.
Helsinki-Alliance
Helsinki-Alliance (Swedish: Helsingforsalliansen) was a football team from Helsinki that took part in the 1959–62 Nordic Cup and eventually won the tournament after having beaten Djurgården in the final. The team consisted of players otherwise representing other clubs in Helsinki.

In the final, the team fielded Anders Westerholm, Reijo Jalava, Karl Ström, Stig Holmqvist, Pertti Hartikainen, Sakari Pihlamo, Eero Rauniola, Hannu Kankkonen, Raimo Kauppinen, Paavo Lyytikäinen, and Ilka Hayla.

Hannu Kankkonen
Hannu Kankkonen (26 January 1934 – 23 September 2013) was a Finnish footballer who played as a centre forward. He made 23 appearances for the Finland national team from 1954 to 1964. He played for Barry Town in 1960
EasyGo
EasyGo is a joint venture between Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Austria, that enables use of a single electronic toll tag on toll roads, ferries and bridges in all the member countries. The purpose of EasyGo is to enable the use of one OBE for payment when driving through any toll facility one might encounter on the way through Northern Europe and Austria.

EasyGo is based on DSRC 5.8 GHz microwave technology and there are major differences between the operators. The toll stations have different design and there is no common EasyGo signage, although there are some common features.

Swedish Transport Agency
The Swedish Transport Agency (Swedish: Transportstyrelsen) is a Swedish government agency which is responsible for the regulation of rail, air, sea and road transport and its enforcement. It was formed on 1 January 2009, through a merger of several government agencies, including the Civil Aviation Administration, under the Ministry of Infrastructure.

It has its headquarters in Norrköping, Sweden.
Lisa Kemmerer
Lisa Kemmerer is an American academic who has written on animal ethics and environmental ethics. She is professor emeritus of philosophy and religion at Montana State University Billings, and is the author or editor of nine books.

Montana State University Billings
Montana State University Billings (MSUB), also known as MSU Billings, is a public university in Billings, Montana, United States. It is the state's third largest university. Its campus is located on 110 acres in downtown Billings.  Formerly Eastern Montana Normal School at its founding in 1927, the Normal School changed its name to Eastern Montana College of Education in 1949. It was again renamed in 1965 as Eastern Montana College (EMC). It merged into the Montana University System in 1994 under its present name. Currently, the university offers over 100 specialized programs for certificates, associate, bachelor's, and master's degrees through the university's five colleges. The five colleges of Montana State University Billings are Liberal Arts & Social Sciences, Business, Health Professions and Science, Education, and City College.
Wally Odell
Walter Reginald Odell (19 March 1912 – 27 July 1971) was an English footballer who played as a left half in the Football League for Wrexham. He was on the books of Tottenham Hotspur without playing League football for them, and his only appearances for Darlington were in the 1939–40 Football League season abandoned when war broke out. He played non-league football for Sandy Albion, Biggleswade Town, Hitchin Town and Northfleet United.

1939–40 Football League
The 1939–40 season would have been the 48th season of The Football League. The kick-off in all divisions took place on Saturday, 26 August 1939. The season was abandoned after only three matches due to the outbreak of the Second World War. The FA Cup would not resume until 1945-46, and the Football League only restarted in the 1946-47 season.

Blackpool were leading the First Division when the season was abandoned.

On 1 September 1939, Germany invaded Poland. On the next day, all divisions of the Football League played their third game of the season. These were the last fixtures before the leagues were abandoned following the British declaration of war on Germany on 3 September 1939.

Large gatherings of crowds were suspended with the implementation of the Emergency Powers (Defence) Act 1939.