hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Walter James Lenoir House
Walter James Lenoir House is a historic home located near Yadkin Valley, Caldwell County, North Carolina.  It was built in 1893, and is a two-story, T-shaped, frame I-house with late Victorian decorative detailing.  It has a two-story rear ell and two-tier, gabled porch.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

Caldwell County, North Carolina
Caldwell County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. It is located in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains. As of the 2020 census, the population was 80,652. Its county seat is Lenoir. Caldwell County is part of the Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Cadabra (computer program)
Cadabra is a computer algebra system designed specifically for the solution of problems encountered in classical field theory, quantum field theory and string theory.

The first version of Cadabra was developed around 2001 for computing higher-derivative string theory correction to supergravity.

Released under the GNU General Public License, Cadabra is free software.

Cadabra has extensive functionality for tensor polynomial simplification including multi-term symmetries, fermions and anti-commuting variables, Clifford algebras and Fierz transformations, implicit coordinate dependence, multiple index types and many more. The input format is a subset of TeX. Both a command-line and a graphical interface are available.

A Java program inspired by Cadabra called Redberry was developed between 2013 and 2016. It achieved faster speeds for most index contractions with an approach based on the graph isomorphism problem rather than canonicalisation.

Canonicalization
In computer science, canonicalization (sometimes standardization or normalization) is a process for converting data that has more than one possible representation into a "standard", "normal", or canonical form. This can be done to compare different representations for equivalence, to count the number of distinct data structures, to improve the efficiency of various algorithms by eliminating repeated calculations, or to make it possible to impose a meaningful sorting order.
Eduard Heinrich von Flottwell
Eduard Heinrich Flottwell (23 July 1786 – 28 May 1865; after 1861 von Flottwell) was a Prussian Staatsminister. He served as Oberpräsident (governor) of the Grand Duchy of Posen (from 1830) and of the Saxony (from 1841), Westphalia (from 1846), Prussia (1849–1850) and Brandenburg (from 1850) provinces. He was also Prussian minister of finance (1844-1846) and interior minister (1858-1859).

Province of Prussia
The Province of Prussia (German: Provinz Preußen; Lithuanian: Prūsijos provincija; Polish: Prowincja Prusy; Kashubian: Prowincjô Prësë) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1824 to 1878. The province was established in 1824 from the provinces of West Prussia and East Prussia, and was dissolved in 1878 when the merger was reversed.

Königsberg (present-day Kaliningrad, Russia) was the provincial capital.
Harry Cox (politician)
Harry Howard Cox (June 1874 – 1950) was a farmer, merchant and political figure on Prince Edward Island. He represented 2nd Kings in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1928 to 1950 as a Liberal.

He was the son of Julian Cox and Jane Ellen Jeffs. Cox was married three times: to Margaret Florence MacLaine in 1905, then to Lottie A. MacLaine and finally to Katherine M. Pratt. He worked for his uncle Robert Cox before opening his own business in Morell. Cox also owned a lobster factory and operated a farm near Morell. He ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the provincial assembly in 1923. He served in the province's Executive Council as a minister without portfolio from 1948 to 1950. Cox died in office in 1950.

2nd Kings
2nd Kings was a provincial electoral district of Prince Edward Island, Canada, which elected two members to the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1873 to 1993.

The district comprised the northwestern portion of Kings County. It was abolished in 1996.
Mayumi Ouchi
Mayumi Ōuchi (大内麻由美, Ōuchi Mayumi; born 16 May 1979) is a Japanese professional darts player who plays in World Darts Federation (WDF) and other national events. She is a six-time Japan Open champion and she represented her country ten times at the World Masters, where she advanced to the semi-finals in 2022. One of the most successful darts players from Japan and the first WDF World Cup women medalist from this country.

World Darts Federation
The World Darts Federation (WDF) is a sport governing body and (along with the PDC) a tournament organiser for the game of darts. It was formed in 1974 by representatives of the original fourteen founding members. Membership is open to the national organising body for darts in all nations. The WDF encourages the promotion of the sport of darts among and between those bodies, in an effort to gain international recognition for darts as a major sport. The WDF was a full member of Global Association of International Sports Federations, which was the governing body for international sports federations, until dissolution in 2023.
Battle of Smoliani
At the Battle of Smoliani (N.S. November 13–14, 1812), the Russians under General Peter Wittgenstein defeated the French forces of Marshal Claude Victor and Marshal Nicholas Oudinot. This battle was the last effort of the French to reestablish their northern flank in Russia, known as the "Dwina Line". Previously, the French had been defeated in this sector at the Second battle of Polotsk (October 18–20, 1812) and at the Battle of Czasniki (October 31, 1812)

Nicolas Oudinot
Nicolas Charles Oudinot, duc de Reggio (French pronunciation: [nikɔlɑ udino]; 25 April 1767 – 13 September 1847), was a French general of the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. He is known to have been wounded 34 times in battle, being hit by artillery shells, sabres, and at least twelve bullets over the course of his military career. A Marshal of the Empire, he is best known for his contributions to the Napoleonic Wars with his famous grenadier division. Oudinot is one of the Names inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe, Eastern pillar Columns 13, 14.
Mentor Worldwide
Mentor Worldwide LLC is an American company that supplies surgical aesthetics products to plastic surgeons. The company is based in Santa Barbara, California and is part of Johnson & Johnson MedTech business segment. It produces one of two silicone gel breast implants. Titled MemoryGel, the product was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on November 17, 2006. The other FDA-approved products are developed by competitors Allergan and Sientra. Mentor also produces a range of lipoplasty equipment for liposuction procedures as well as a Niacin-based skincare product line called NIA 24.

Silicone
A silicone or polysiloxane is a polymer composed of repeating units of siloxane (−O−SiR2−O−SiR2−, where "R" stands for an organic group).  They are typically colorless oils or rubber-like substances.  Silicones are used in sealants, adhesives, lubricants, medicine, cooking utensils, thermal insulation, and electrical insulation. Some common forms include silicone oil, grease, rubber, resin, and caulk.  From the chemical perspective, silicones are unusual because they feature inorganic backbones, composed only of Si and O, but they have properties of organic polymers. They represent one of the main applications of organosilicon chemistry.

Silicone is often confused with one of its constituent elements, silicon.  Silicon, a hard gray solid, is  used to make integrated circuits ("electronic chips") and solar cells. In contrast, silicones, which tend to be electrical insulators, are often colorless oils or rubbery resin.
MPEG-3
MPEG-3 was the designation for an abandoned plan to create a group of audio and video coding standards agreed upon by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) designed to handle HDTV signals at 1080p in the range of 20 to 40 megabits per second. MPEG-3 was launched as an effort to address the need of an HDTV standard while work on MPEG-2 was underway, but it was soon discovered that MPEG-2, at high data rates, would accommodate HDTV. Thus, in 1992 HDTV was included as a separate profile in the MPEG-2 standard and MPEG-3 was rolled into MPEG-2.

Bit rate
In telecommunications and computing, bit rate (bitrate or as a variable R) is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time.

The bit rate is expressed in the unit bit per second (symbol: bit/s), often in conjunction with an SI prefix such as kilo (1 kbit/s = 1,000 bit/s), mega (1 Mbit/s = 1,000 kbit/s), giga (1 Gbit/s = 1,000 Mbit/s) or tera (1 Tbit/s = 1,000 Gbit/s). The non-standard abbreviation bps is often used to replace the standard symbol bit/s, so that, for example, 1 Mbps is used to mean one million bits per second.

In most computing and digital communication environments, one byte per second (symbol: B/s) corresponds to 8 bit/s (1 byte = 8 bits).  However if stop bits, start bits, and parity bits need to be factored in, a higher number of bits per second will be required to achieve a throughput of the same number of bytes.
Nayakan (soundtrack)
Nayakan is the soundtrack to the 1987 Tamil-language epic crime drama film of the same name directed by Mani Ratnam, starring Kamal Haasan. The film's musical score is composed by Ilaiyaraaja, whose soundtrack features five songs under the lyrics of Pulamaipithan and Ilaiyaraaja himself. The soundtrack, which was released under the Echo label, became popular after the film's release.

Epic film
Epic films have large scale, sweeping scope, and spectacle. The term is slightly ambiguous, sometimes designating a film genre and at other times simply big-budget films. Like epics in the classical literary sense, it is often focused on a heroic character. An epic's ambitious nature helps to set it apart from other genres such as the period piece or adventure film.

Epic historical films would usually take a historical or a mythical event and add an extravagant setting, lavish costumes, an expansive musical score, and an ensemble cast, which would make them extremely expensive to produce. The most common subjects of epic films are royalty and important figures from various periods in world history.
Hub Northen
Hubbard Edwin Northen (August 16, 1886 – October 1, 1947) was an American outfielder in Major League Baseball who played from 1910 through 1912 for the St. Louis Browns, Cincinnati Reds and Brooklyn Dodgers.

Besides, Northen played at Minor League level in all or parts of 16 seasons spanning 1907–1924.

Northeen was the Dodgers regular center fielder  in the 1912 season before being replaced with Casey Stengel when Northen became ill.

In 164 major league games over three seasons, Northern posted a .272 batting average (159-for-584) with 76 runs, 3 home runs and 63 RBIs. He finished his career with a .939 fielding percentage playing at all three outfield positions.

After his retirement as an active player, Northen worked as a scout for various baseball teams, including the Chicago White Sox and the Shreveport Sports of the Texas League.

Shreveport Sports
The Shreveport Sports were a professional Minor League Baseball team based in Shreveport, Louisiana, in the United States. The Sports fielded a team from 1925 to 1935, 1938 to 1942, 1946 to 1957, and 1959 to 1961. From 1938, as a member of the Texas League, then the Southern Association, they played at the second-highest level of the minors: Class A1 (through 1942) and Double-A (after 1945). The team (and the Texas League itself) suspended operations from 1943 to 1945 during World War II.

When the farm system concept became widespread in the 1930s, the Sports were affiliated with the Detroit Tigers (1933–1934), Boston Red Sox (1935), Chicago White Sox (1939, 1942, 1946), and Kansas City Athletics (1959–1961). They were frequently operated independently of any Major League Baseball "parent club", including for 11 straight seasons between 1947 and 1957.
Ya'uq
According to the Qur'an, Yaʿūq (Arabic: يعوق) or Jawc/Jawk/Jawkk, if translated to English, was an idol worshipped in the days of Noah. A synagogue dedicated to Rahmanan named Ya'uq is mentioned in a South Arabian inscription as "mkrbn yʿwq".

And they say: Forsake not your gods, nor forsake Wadd, nor Suwa', nor Yaghuth and Ya'uq and Nasr. (Qur'an 71:23)

Maulana Muhammad Ali adds the following commentary on the passage:

The names of the idols given here are those which existed in Arabia in the Prophet's time, and hence some critics call it an anachronism. [...] According to IʿAb, the idols of Noah's people were worshipped by the Arabs, Wadd being worshipped by Kalb, Suwāʿ by Hudhail, Yaghūth by Murād, Yaʿūq by Hamadān and Nasr by Ḥimyar (B. 65:lxxi, 1). The commentators say that Wadd was worshipped in the form of a man, Suwāʿ in that of a woman, Yaghūth in that of a lion, Yaʿūq in that of a horse and Nasr is that of an eagle (Rz).

Ibn Abbas
ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbbās (Arabic: عَبْد ٱللَّٰه ٱبْن عَبَّاس; c. 619 – 687 CE), also known as Ibn ʿAbbās, was one of the cousins of the prophet Muhammad.  He is considered to be the greatest mufassir of the Qur'an.

He was the son of Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, an uncle of Muhammad, and a nephew of Maymunah bint al-Harith, who later became Muhammad's wife. During the early struggles for the caliphate, he supported Ali, and was made governor of Basra. He withdrew to Mecca shortly afterwards. During the reign of Mu'awiya I he lived in Hejaz and often travelled to Damascus. After Mu'awiya I died in 680 CE he migrated to At-Ta'if, where he is resting from around 687 CE.

'Abd Allah ibn Abbas was highly regarded for his knowledge of traditions and his critical interpretation of the Qur'an. From early on, he gathered information from other companions of Muhammad and gave classes and wrote commentaries.
Gloria (1999 American film)
Gloria is a 1999 American neo-noir crime thriller film directed by Sidney Lumet from a screenplay by Steve Antin. It is a remake of John Cassavetes' 1980 film. It stars Sharon Stone in the title role, with Jeremy Northam, Cathy Moriarty, Jean-Luke Figueroa, Mike Starr, and George C. Scott in supporting roles; it was the last feature film appearance for Scott, who died eight months after the film was released. It follows a mobster's tough ex-mistress who befriends a boy left orphaned by a murderous gunman.

The film was theatrically released in the United States on January 22, 1999, by Sony Pictures Releasing. It received negative reviews from critics and was a box-office bomb, grossing only $4.9 million worldwide against a $30 million budget. For her performance, Stone was nominated for Worst Actress at the 20th Golden Raspberry Awards.

Sony Pictures Motion Picture Group
Sony Pictures Entertainment Motion Picture Group (formerly known as the Columbia TriStar Motion Picture Group until 2013, and abbreviated as SPMPG) is a division of Sony Pictures Entertainment to manage its motion picture operations. It was launched in 1998 by integrating the businesses of Columbia Pictures and TriStar Pictures.
Puissance spirituelle du verbe
The Puissance Spirituelle du Verbe (English: Spiritual Power of the Verb) in acronym PSV, is a so-called spiritual organization for Africa and the awakening of the black man in general, created on February 23, 1980, by Bavua Ntinu and present in 4 African countries.

It is an initiatory order which advocates the spiritual purification of all that exists by cleaning the bodies at the same time spiritual, astral and physical, by the use of sound and divine light, through techniques and codes that allow get in touch with any entity existing but, according to its initiator, the absence of spiritual masters and true prophets in the black race has been lacking for years, which explains the delay experienced by blacks and especially their ignorance of the greatness of the universe, according to him.

Spiritual but not religious
"Spiritual but not religious" (SBNR), also known as "spiritual but not affiliated" (SBNA), or sometimes "more spiritual than religious", is a popular phrase used to self-identify a life stance of spirituality that does not regard organized religion as the sole or most valuable means of furthering spiritual growth. Historically, the words religious and spiritual have been used synonymously to describe all the various aspects of the concept of religion, but in contemporary usage spirituality has often become associated with the interior life of the individual, placing an emphasis upon the well-being of the "mind-body-spirit", while religion refers to organizational or communal dimensions. Spirituality sometimes denotes non-institutionalized or individualized religiosity. The interactions are complex since even conservative Christians designate themselves as "spiritual but not religious" to indicate a form of non-ritualistic personal faith.
Mark Matsumoto
Mark Matsumoto is an American engineer specializing in water and wastewater treatment, especially land-based treatment systems and hazardous waste site remediation. He is currently the Dean of the University of California, Merced's School of Engineering and an Elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

University of California, Merced
The University of California, Merced (UC Merced or colloquially, UCM) is a public land-grant research university in Merced County, California, United States. Established in 2005, UC Merced is the tenth and newest campus in the University of California (UC) system. The primary campus is located around 5 miles (8.0 km) north of the city of Merced and sits adjacent to Lake Yosemite. The main campus is around 1,026 acres (415 hectares) in size and is adjacent to large swaths of protected natural grasslands and vernal pools, which have shaped its development, capital planning, and research.

UC Merced offers over 60 undergraduate degrees and 18 graduate and professional degrees and roughly 8,000 undergraduates and 700 graduate students were enrolled at UCM as of fall 2023. In 2025 the university was classified as an R1 Carnegie research institution.
Paul A. Flanagan
Paul A. Flanagan was the State Deputy of Massachusetts in the Knights of Columbus from 2018 to 2020. His father, Newman A. Flanagan, and grandfather James H. Flanagan, were also state deputies. They are the only grandfather-father-son combination of state deputies in the history of the Knights of Columbus.

On July 10, 2018, he was honored at Fenway Park during the pregame ceremony for a Boston Red Sox game. He is a member of San Salvador number 200 in Stoughton, Massachusetts.

Stoughton, Massachusetts
Stoughton /ˈstoʊtən/ (official name: Town of Stoughton) is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 29,281 at the 2020 census. The town is located approximately 17 miles (27 km) from Boston, 31 miles (50 km) from Providence, Rhode Island, and 35 miles (56 km) from Cape Cod.
Zsombor Jéger
Zsombor Jéger (Hungarian: [ˈʒombor ˈjeːɡɛr]; born 16 March 1991) is a Hungarian actor. He had his debut age four in A dzsungel könyve, a Hungarian musical based on The Jungle Book, at the Csokonai Theatre in Debrecen, where he later acted in several children and youth roles. Jéger is a graduate from the Academy of Drama and Film in Budapest, and has been acting in several plays at the Örkény Theatre in Erzsébetváros, Budapest.

University of Theatre and Film Arts in Budapest
The Academy of Drama and Film in Budapest (Hungarian: Színház- és Filmművészeti Egyetem, SZFE) is an educational institution founded in 1865 in Budapest, Hungary. It became a university in 2000 and the name was changed to University of Theatre and Film Arts.
Siege of São Filipe
The siege of the Fortress of São Filipe, was a battle fought from 27 March 1641 to 4 March 1642 as part of the Portuguese Restoration War, near Angra, Azores, between Spanish and Portuguese over the control of the fort of São Filipe.

After 11 months of intense fighting the Portuguese were victorious and the Spanish garrison was defeated with very heavy losses.

Angra do Heroísmo
Angra do Heroísmo, officially the Very Noble, Loyal and Ever Steadfast City of Angra do Heroísmo, or simply Angra, is a city and municipality on Terceira Island, Portugal, and one of the three capital cities of the Azores. Founded in 1478, Angra was historically the most important city in the Azores, as seat of the Bishop of the Azores, government entities, and having previously served as the capital city of Portugal during the Liberal Wars. The population in 2011 was 35,402, in an area of 239.00 km2. It was classified as a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1983.
Glycine—oxaloacetate transaminase
In enzymology, a glycine-oxaloacetate transaminase (EC 2.6.1.35) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

glycine + oxaloacetate  glyoxylate + L-aspartate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are glycine and oxaloacetate, whereas its two products are glyoxylate and L-aspartate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the transaminases, which transfer nitrogenous groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is glycine:oxaloacetate aminotransferase. This enzyme is also called glycine-oxaloacetate aminotransferase.  It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

Pyridoxal phosphate
Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, P5P), the active form of vitamin B6, is a coenzyme in a variety of enzymatic reactions. The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology has catalogued more than 140 PLP-dependent activities, corresponding to ~4% of all classified activities. The versatility of PLP arises from its ability to covalently bind the substrate, and then to act as an electrophilic catalyst, thereby stabilizing different types of carbanionic reaction intermediates.
698 Ernestina
698 Ernestina (prov. designation: A910 ED or 1910 JX) is a background asteroid, approximately 27 kilometers (17 miles) in diameter, located in the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 5 March 1910, by German astronomer Joseph Helffrich at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory. The presumed carbonaceous C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 5.0 hours. It was named after Ernst Wolf, son of German astronomer and prolific discoverer of minor planets, Max Wolf.

Joseph Helffrich
Joseph Helffrich (12 January 1890 in Mannheim, Baden – 1971) was a German astronomer.

He did his Ph.D. dissertation in 1913 at the Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl (Königstuhl Observatory, near Heidelberg) at the University of Heidelberg .

At the time, the observatory at Heidelberg was a center for asteroid discovery under the direction of Max Wolf, and during his time there Helffrich discovered a number of asteroids.
Z Paige L'Erario
Z Paige L'Erario (previously known as Mackenzie Paige Lerario) is an American neurologist and writer who researches neurological and mental health outcomes in the transgender and gender diverse community. Faer writing on neurology, mental health, and LGBTQ+ healthcare has appeared in Scientific American, Neurology Blogs, Psychiatric Times, and Social Work Today.

Neurology (journal)
Neurology is a weekly peer-reviewed medical journal covering research in neurology. It is published by Wolters Kluwer on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology, of which it is the official journal. It has been edited since April 2020 by José G. Merino (Georgetown University).
Vidaurre Point
Vidaurre Point is the ice-free south extremity of Nelson Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, also the west entrance point of Bononia Cove and east entrance point of Dorticum Cove on the south coast of the island. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers and the feature was named by Chile.

Nelson Island (South Shetland Islands)
Nelson Island (historical names Leipzig Island, O'Cain's Island and Strachans Island) is an island 22 kilometres (12 nmi) long and 13 kilometres (7 nmi) wide, lying southwest of King George Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The name Nelson Island dates back to at least 1821 and is now established in international usage.

The Eco-Nelson station is located on the island.