hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Menina
The Battle of Menina (Greek: Μάχη της Μενίνας) was conducted by the Greek resistance group EDES against the German garrison of the village Menina (now known as Neraida), Thesprotia, during the German occupation of Greece. They were successful and captured a large quantity of supplies.

EDES
The National Republican Greek League (Greek: Εθνικός Δημοκρατικός Ελληνικός Σύνδεσμος (ΕΔΕΣ), Ethnikós Dimokratikós Ellinikós Sýndesmos (EDES)) was an anti-Nazi resistance group formed during the Axis occupation of Greece during World War II.

The largest of the non-communist resistance groups, its military wing, the National Groups of Greek Guerrillas (Εθνικές Ομάδες Ελλήνων Ανταρτών, Ethnikés Omádes Ellínon Antartón (ΕΟΕΑ)) concentrated its military activities in Epirus. From 1943 onwards, EDES came into confrontation with the communist-led National Liberation Front, beginning a series of civil conflicts that would lead to the Greek Civil War.
Islamic views on sin
In Islam, sin (dhanb) is an action violating the laws of God (sharīʿah) and an important subject in Islamic ethics.

The Quran describes sins throughout the texts. Some sins are more grievious than others. Therefore, Muslim scholars (ʿulamāʾ) – theologians and jurists – distinguish between lesser sins (al-Sagha'ir) and greater sins (al-kabīrah). The latter refers to unequivocal actions against God's law, and for which punishment is ordained. Sources differ which sin belongs to which category.

Repentance in Islam
Tawba (Arabic: توبة) is the Islamic concept of repenting to God due to performing any sins and misdeeds. It is a direct matter between a person and God, so there is no intercession. There is no original sin in Islam. It is the act of leaving what God has prohibited and returning to what he has commanded. The word denotes the act of being repentant for one's misdeeds, atoning for those misdeeds, and having a strong determination to forsake those misdeeds (remorse, resolution, and repentance). If someone sins against another person, restitution is required.
Agora (organization)
Agora (in full, Inter-regional Association of Human Rights Organizations "Agora", Russian Межрегиональная Ассоциация правозащитных организаций "АГОРА") is a Russian human rights group based in Kazan, Tatarstan. It provides legal advocacy for victims of suspected human rights abuses by government officials such as police, military and prison officers, with a particular focus on journalists, political activists, bloggers and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). The organization was awarded the Rafto Prize for its work on 25 September 2014.

Golos (election monitor)
The Movement for Defence of Voters' Rights "Golos" (Russian: ГОЛОС, lit. 'vote; voice'), formerly GOLOS Association, was a Russian organisation established in 2000 to protect the electoral rights of citizens and to foster civil society. As of 2008, the organisation covers 40 Russian regions. It was the only election watchdog active in Russia that was independent of the Russian government, until it announced it would close on July 8, 2025.
N79 highway
National Route 79 (N79) is a 302-kilometer (188 mi), two-to-four lane national primary road connecting the provinces of Misamis Occidental, Zamboanga del Norte, and Zamboanga Sibugay. It traverses through many municipalities in Zamboanga del Norte and Misamis Occidental.

Zamboanga del Norte
Zamboanga del Norte (Cebuano: Amihanang Zamboanga; Subanon: Utara Sembwangan; Filipino: Hilagang Zamboanga), officially the Province of Zamboanga del Norte, is a province in the Philippines situated within the Zamboanga Peninsula region in Mindanao. Its capital and largest city is Dipolog and the province borders Zamboanga del Sur and Zamboanga Sibugay to the south, Misamis Occidental to the east, and the Sulu Sea to the west.

Zamboanga del Norte is the largest province of the Zamboanga Peninsula region by land area covering 7,301.00 square kilometres (2,818.93 sq mi). Zamboanga del Norte is the 26th populous province in the Philippines.
Jack Bobridge
Jack Bobridge (born 13 July 1989) is an Australian former professional racing cyclist, who rode professionally between 2010 and 2016.

In 2019 he was convicted of drug dealing and sentenced to a four-year prison term. He admitted to using banned recreational drugs during his racing career, noting that he used cocaine in training leading up to major cycling events, including the Olympics.

Cycling at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's team pursuit
The men's cycling team pursuit at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro took place at the Rio Olympic Velodrome on 11 and 12 August. Team GB established new Olympic and World Records in both their heat and in the final; their gold medal made Sir Bradley Wiggins Britain's most decorated Olympian.

The medals were presented by James Tomkins, IOC member, Australia and Brian Cookson, President of the UCI.
Cowbridge Road East
Cowbridge Road East (Welsh: Heol Ddwyreiniol y Bont-faen) is a major road in western-central Cardiff, the capital of Wales. It is the principal road which passes through the busy district of Riverside and Canton and connects Cowbridge Road West in the western districts to central Cardiff. The road is partly on the A4161. It is eventually crossed by Cathedral Road towards the city centre.  It is home to numerous shops, pubs and restaurants.

Cathedral Road, Cardiff
Cathedral Road (Welsh: Heol y Gadeirlan) is one of the major roads of western Cardiff, Wales, passing through the suburb of Pontcanna. It forms part of the A4119 road from Cardiff Bay to Tonypandy and houses which are not lived in have been converted to professional businesses specialising in dentistry, psychotherapy, medicine and solicitors. It connects the centre of the Welsh capital to the north-west of the city.

Cathedral Road was previously known as Pontcanna Lane, running between Plasturton Farm in the south and Pontcanna Farm to the north. Between 1885 and 1900 many large villas were constructed, occupied by the very wealthiest families of Cardiff.
Trix Terwindt
Beatrice Wilhelmina Marie Albertina (Trix) Terwindt (27 February 1911 – 7 April 1987) was a member of the Dutch resistance during World War II. After escaping from the German-occupied Netherlands, she became an agent of the British MI9 organization.  Parachuting back into the Netherlands in February 1943 she was captured by the Germans on her arrival. She was a victim of Englandspiel, the successful counter-intelligence operation of the Germans.  She spent the remainder of the war as a prisoner in Ravensbrück and Mauthausen concentration camps. Prior to the war she was one of the first flight attendants of KLM airline and after the war she again became a flight attendant for KLM.

Terwindt suffered from mental and physical problems as a result of her two years imprisonment in concentration camps and was a long-term advocate for treatment of former prisoners for survivor syndrome.

KLM
KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, or simply KLM (an abbreviation for their official name Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij N.V. [ˈkoːnɪŋkləkə ˈlʏxtfaːrt ˌmaːtsxɑˈpɛi ˌɛnˈveː], lit. 'Royal Aviation Company'), is the flag carrier of the Netherlands. KLM’s headquarters are located in Amstelveen, with its hub at nearby Amsterdam Airport Schiphol. It is a subsidiary of the Air France–KLM group and a member of the SkyTeam airline alliance. Founded in 1919, KLM is the oldest operating airline still using its original name, having gone through significant changes in its ownership and legal structure over its history, including a period of majority government ownership. The company had a fleet of 110 aircraft (excluding subsidiaries) and 35,488 employees as of 2021. KLM operates scheduled passenger and cargo services to 145 destinations.
Yunis–Varon syndrome
Yunis–Varon syndrome (YVS), also called cleidocranial dysplasia with micrognathia or absent thumbs and distal aphalangia, is an extremely rare autosomal recessive multisystem congenital disorder which affects the skeletal system, ectodermal tissue, heart and respiratory system. It was first described by Emilio Yunis and Humberto Váron from the National University of Colombia.

Vacuole
A vacuole (/ˈvækjuːoʊl/) is a membrane-bound organelle which is present in plant and fungal cells and some protist, animal, and bacterial cells. Vacuoles are essentially enclosed compartments which are filled with water containing inorganic and organic molecules including enzymes in solution, though in certain cases they may contain solids which have been engulfed. Vacuoles are formed by the fusion of multiple membrane vesicles and are effectively just larger forms of these. The organelle has no basic shape or size; its structure varies according to the requirements of the cell.
Rhymes & Reasons (John Denver album)
Rhymes & Reasons is the first commercial studio album by the American singer-songwriter John Denver, released in October 1969 by RCA Records. It was reissued on CD by Legacy Recordings in 2005.

"Leaving on a Jet Plane" was written and recorded by Denver in 1966 and included on his debut demo recording John Denver Sings as "Babe I Hate to Go". He made several copies and gave them out as presents for Christmas of that year. Denver's then producer Milt Okun convinced him to change the title and it was renamed "Leaving on a Jet Plane" in 1967. After the success of the Peter, Paul and Mary version in 1969, Denver recorded the song again for his debut album, Rhymes & Reasons, and it was released as a single in October 1969. Although it is one of Denver's best known songs, his single failed to enter the charts. It was  re-recorded for the third and final time in 1973 for John Denver's Greatest Hits and this version appears on most of his compilation albums.

John Denver's Greatest Hits
John Denver's Greatest Hits is the first greatest hits album by American singer-songwriter John Denver, released in November 1973 by RCA Records. A version known as The Best of John Denver with the same track listing was released in some countries.
Trompo
A trompo is a top which is spun by winding a length of string around the body, and launching it so that it lands spinning on its point. If the string is attached to a stick the rotation can be maintained by whipping the side of the body. The string may also be wound around the point while the trompo is spinning in order to control its position or even lift the spinning top to another surface.

Pambaram
Pambaram (Tamil: பம்பரம், Malayalam: പമ്പരം), also called the Lattu (Urdu: لٹو), Latim (Bengali: লাটিম), Lattoo (Bhojpuri: 𑂪𑂗𑂹𑂗𑂴) Bhawra (Marathi: भावरा), Buguri (Kannada: ಬುಗುರಿ), or Bongaram (Telugu: బొంగరం), is a traditional throwing top mainly played in India and Bangladesh.
Isotope hydrology
Isotope hydrology is a field of geochemistry and hydrology that uses naturally occurring stable and radioactive isotopic techniques to evaluate the age and origins of surface and groundwater and the processes within the atmospheric hydrologic cycle.  Isotope hydrology applications are highly diverse, and used for informing water-use policy, mapping aquifers, conserving water supplies, assessing sources of water pollution, investigating surface-groundwater interaction, refining groundwater flow models, and increasingly are used in eco-hydrology to study human impacts on all dimensions of the hydrological cycle and ecosystem services.

Baseflow
Baseflow (also called drought flow, groundwater recession flow, low flow, low-water flow, low-water discharge and sustained or fair-weather runoff) is the portion of the streamflow that is sustained between precipitation events, fed to streams by delayed pathways. It should not be confused with groundwater flow. Fair weather flow is also called base flow.
Sun Blade (workstation)
The Sun Blade series is a computer workstation line based on the UltraSPARC microprocessor family, developed and sold by Sun Microsystems from 2000 to 2006. The range replaced the earlier Sun Ultra workstation series.

The Sun Blade 1000, introduced in October 2000, was the first system to use Fireplane as the interconnect between its single or dual processors and the I/O subsystem, a few months ahead of its use in the new Sun Fire server product line.

The 1500/2500 series came in two variants, the earlier "red" series, and the later "silver" series. The "silver" series were enhanced versions of the "red" series - a faster CPU being the key differentiator.

The Sun Blade series was supplanted by the Sun Java Workstation line in 2004.

The product line's name was not a reference to "blade server" systems, a term not yet in common use in 2000.  In 2006, Sun did introduce an unrelated "Sun Blade" blade server product line.

Sun Blade
Sun Blade is a line of blade server computer systems sold by Sun Microsystems from 2006 onwards.

In June 2006, Sun announced the AMD Opteron-based Sun Blade 8000 modular blade server system. The Sun Blade 8000 chassis can hold up to 10 Sun Blade X8420 or X8440 modules.

In July 2007, Sun launched the Sun Blade 6000 Modular System.  This allowed up to 10 mixed UltraSPARC and x64 architecture blades.  The Sun Blade T6300 and T6320 modules run Solaris and use UltraSPARC T1 and UltraSPARC T2 processors respectively, while the Sun Blade X6220 and X6250 modules use AMD Opteron or Intel Xeon 5000-series processors respectively.

In November 2007, Sun announced the Sun Blade 6048 Modular System, supporting up to 48 UltraSPARC, AMD Opteron and/or Intel Xeon blades.

The X-series blades support Solaris, Oracle Linux, RHEL, SLES, Windows Server or VMware.
Zharen
Zharen, also Zaring or Zharencun (Chinese: 扎仁镇) is a small town and township-level division of Amdo County in the Nagqu Prefecture of the Tibet Autonomous Region, in China. It is located at the side of the G109 road, 41.9 kilometres (26.0 mi) south of Amdo Town on the road from Nagchu Town, and approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of the southern tip of Cona Lake. It has a population of 7875, living in 1479 households.

Amdo County
Amdo County (Tibetan: ཨ་མདོ་རྫོང་; Chinese: 安多县) is a county within Nagqu of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. The county covers an area of 43,410.85 square kilometres and is dominated by mainly by Tibetan grassland. In 2000 it had a population of 32,843 .

Its capital is Amdo Town, north of Lhasa. It contains the Amdo railway station on the new railway from Golmud to Lhasa.  There is a major rail depot 3 km (1.9 mi) west of the town. Cona Lake lies to the southwest of the town of Amdo.
Sielce Lewe
Sielce Lewe [ˈɕɛlt͡sɛ ˈlɛvɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Maków, within Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north of Maków, 9 km (6 mi) north-west of Skierniewice, and 45 km (28 mi) north-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Maków, Łódź Voivodeship
Maków [ˈmakuf] is a village in Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Maków. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) west of Skierniewice and 44 km (27 mi) north-east of the regional capital Łódź.
History of the Scottish National Party
In Scotland, the Scottish National Party (SNP) is a left social democratic political party which campaigns for Scottish independence. The SNP has controlled Scotland's devolved legislature since the 2007 election as a minority government, and were a majority government from the 2011 election and have been a minority government, since the 2016 election.

Na h-Eileanan an Iar (UK Parliament constituency)
Na h-Eileanan an Iar (/nə ˈhɪlənən ən jɪər/; Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [nəˈhelanən əˈɲiəɾ]), formerly Western Isles, is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, created in 1918.  It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. It has been represented since 2024 by Torcuil Crichton of Scottish Labour.

The constituency was formed by merging areas which were formerly within the Ross and Cromarty constituency and the Inverness-shire constituency.

Na h-Eileanan an Iar is Scottish Gaelic for the Western Isles, which was the constituency's name prior to the 2005 general election. An identical constituency with the same name is used by the Scottish Parliament.

With around 21,000 registered voters, it has the smallest electorate of any constituency in the United Kingdom. It is expressly protected from being combined with other constituencies by the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011.
Dalziel Barn
The Dalziel Barn  is an architecturally distinctive log barn built in 1809 and situated in Vaughan just north of Toronto's Black Creek Pioneer Village. Among its features, the barn had a large gable roof with a double slope on one side. Two gable roofed cupolas sat on the ridge. Although the windows and cupolas are often thought of as extraneous decorative features, they served to ventilate and provide natural lighting to the barn interior. The upper floor cantilevers out, creating an overshoot.

Wheat, hay, and feed were stored in the upper floor and transported down to the bottom where cattle were housed. The overshoot meant that grazing cattle could shelter beneath during inclement weather. This particular arrangement of "barn and stable" was the most economical mode of accommodating produce and livestock of a farm. Since mixed farming and large scale cattle raising began in the 1860s, the Dalziel farmers were ahead of their time.

Barn
A barn is an agricultural building usually  on farms and used for various purposes. In North America, a barn refers to structures that house livestock, including cattle and horses, as well as equipment and fodder, and often grain. As a result, the term barn is often qualified e.g. tobacco barn, dairy barn, cow house, sheep barn, potato barn. In the British Isles and in Europe, the term barn is restricted mainly to storage structures for unthreshed cereals and fodder, the terms byre or shippon being applied to cow shelters, whereas horses are kept in buildings known as stables. In mainland Europe, however, barns were often part of integrated structures known as byre-dwellings (or housebarns in US literature). In addition, barns may be used for equipment storage, as a covered workplace, and for activities such as threshing.
Lucius Fabius Cilo
Lucius Fabius Cilo, full name Lucius Fabius Cilo Septiminus Catinius Acilianus Lepidus Fulcinianus, was a Roman senator, who was a confidant of Septimius Severus. He held a number of appointments that have been dated to the reigns of Commodus and Severus. He was twice Roman consul: the first time in 193 as a suffect, and the second time as ordinary consul in 204 with Marcus Annius Flavius Libo as his colleague. Cilo is known from numerous inscriptions and appears in the Historia Augusta and the history of Dio Cassius. He married Cilonia Fabia.

Moesia
Moesia (/ˈmiːʃə, -siə, -ʒə/; Latin: Moesia; Greek: Μοισία, romanized: Moisía) was a Roman province situated in the Haemus  Peninsula, south of the Danube River. Created after the Danubian-Hæmus conquest during the reign of Augustus, Moesia included most of the territory of modern eastern Serbia, Kosovo, north-eastern Albania, northern parts of North Macedonia (Moesia Superior), Northern Bulgaria, Romanian Dobruja and small parts of Southern Ukraine (Moesia Inferior).
TT65
The Theban Tomb TT65 is located in Sheikh Abd el-Qurna. It forms part of the Theban Necropolis, situated on the west bank of the Nile opposite to Luxor.

The tomb belongs to an 18th Dynasty ancient Egyptian named Nebamun, who was a scribe of the royal accounts in the presence, likely during the reign of Hatshepsut. Later excavations have placed him in year 16 of the reign of Hatshepsut. This person is not to be confused with the official Nebamun, known from the tomb paintings discovered in 1820.

The tomb was usurped by an official named Imiseba who was the Head of the Altar, and the Head of the temple scribes of the Estate of Amun during the reign of Ramesses IX.

Sheikh Abd el-Qurna
The necropolis of Sheikh Abd el-Qurna (Arabic: شيخ عبدالقرنة) is located on the West Bank at Thebes in Upper Egypt. It is part of the archaeological area of Deir el-Bahari, and named after the domed tomb of the local saint. This is the most frequently visited cemetery on the Theban west bank, with the largest concentration of private tombs.
Vieuxpont
Vipont (alias Vieuxpont) is the name of a prominent family in the history of Westmorland. According to Thomas
 the name originated in France before 1066 as Vieuxpont  ("Old Bridge"), Latinized to de Vetere Ponte ("from the Old Bridge"), with alternative spellings Vezpont, Veepon, Vexpont, Vypont, Vispont, Vypunt, Vespont, Vipond, Vypond, Voypond, Veepond, Vippond, Vipon, Vipan, Vipen, etc. The Vipont family bore arms: Gules, six annulets or 3:2:1, later quartered by Baron Clifford.

Appleby Castle
Appleby Castle is in the town of Appleby-in-Westmorland overlooking the River Eden (grid reference NY685200).  It consists of a 12th-century castle keep which is known as Caesar's Tower, and a mansion house.   These, together with their associated buildings, are set in a courtyard surrounded by curtain walls.  Caesar's Tower and the mansion house are each recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building.  The uninhabited parts of the castle are a scheduled ancient monument.
Keith Doyle (footballer)
Keith Doyle (born 20 July 1979) is an Irish former footballer.

A full back Keith joined Shamrock Rovers from Bray Wanderers in May 2002 where he stayed until the end of the 2005 season when Rovers got relegated. He made a total of 93 appearances scoring once . These included 3 appearances in European competition during his time with the Hoops.

He started his career at Swords Celtic before moving to St Patrick's Athletic and was one of the players to win the European Under-18 Championship in 1998 under Brian Kerr.

Brian Kerr (Irish football manager)
Brian Kerr (born 3 March 1953) is an Irish football manager. Born in Dublin, Kerr grew up playing football and boxing. At the age of 13, he took his first coaching role with the Crumlin United under-11 side. Realising later that he didn't have the talent to become a top player, he decided to focus on coaching. In 1986, he was appointed manager of the League of Ireland side St Patrick's Athletic. In 1992, when the club was facing liquidation, Kerr was among the investors who raised IR£82,000 to help save the club. In December 1996, he left St Patrick's to become the technical director of the Football Association of Ireland.

Kerr worked with the Republic of Ireland youth squads and also with the senior side. He was appointed as the full-time manager of the senior Ireland team on 26 January 2003. In 2007, Kerr became the Director of Football of St. Patrick's Athletic. Then, in 2009, he was confirmed as the head coach of the Faroe Islands national team. He left that post in October 2011.