hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Louisiana Maneuvers
The Louisiana Maneuvers were a series of major U.S. Army exercises held from August to September 1941 in northern and west-central Louisiana, an area bounded by the Sabine River to the west, the Calcasieu River to the east, and by the city of Shreveport to the north. The area included Fort Polk (formerly Fort Johnson), Camp Claiborne and Camp Livingston. The exercises, which involved some 400,000 troops, were designed to evaluate U.S. training, logistics, doctrine, and commanders. Similar U.S. Army field exercises carried out in the fall of 1941 included the 2nd Cavalry Division Arkansas Maneuvers in August and the Carolina Maneuvers in November.

Many Army officers present at the maneuvers later rose to very senior roles in World War II, including Omar Bradley, Mark Clark, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Walter Krueger, Lesley J. McNair, Joseph Stilwell, and George Patton.

Military doctrine
Military doctrine is the expression of how military forces contribute to campaigns, major operations, battles, and engagements. A military doctrine outlines what military means should be used, how forces should be structured, where forces should be deployed, and the modes of cooperation between types of forces. "Joint doctrine" refers to the doctrines shared and aligned by multinational forces or joint service operations.

There are three broad categories of military doctrines: (1) Offensive doctrines aim to punish an adversary, (2) Defensive doctrines aim to deny an adversary, and (3) Deterrent doctrines aim to disarm an adversary. Different military doctrines have different implications for world politics. For example, offensive doctrines tend to lead to arms races and conflicts.
Syria men's national youth handball team
The Syrian national youth handball team is the national under–18 handball team of Syria. It is controlled by the Syrian Arab Handball Federation, and is an affiliate of the International Handball Federation as well as a member of the Asian Handball Federation. The team represents Syria in international matches.

Asian Handball Federation
The Asian Handball Federation (AHF) is the governing body of handball and beach handball in Asia. It has 44 member countries, mostly located on the Asian continent, but excludes the transcontinental countries with territory in both Europe and Asia – Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russian Federation and Turkey – which are instead members of European Handball Federation (EHF). Three other states located along the western fringe of Asia – Cyprus, Armenia and Israel – are also EHF members. Hong Kong and Macau, although not independent countries (both are special regions of China), are also members of the AHF.

One of IHF's six continental confederations, the AHF was formed officially on 26 August 1974 in Tehran (Imperial State of Iran), on the sidelines of the 7th Asian Games 1974. The AHF headquarters is located in Kuwait City (Kuwait). Its current president is Sheikh Ahmed Al-Fahad Al-Ahmed Al-Sabah from Kuwait, who is a member of House of Al Sabah, the ruling family of Kuwait.
K-179 (Kansas highway)
K-179 is an 11.588-mile-long (18.649 km) state highway in Harper County, Kansas. It runs from Oklahoma State Highway 132 (SH-132) the Oklahoma state line north to the city of Anthony, where it ends at K-44. The route was designated around 1956, and is not part of the National Highway System.

Harper County, Kansas
Harper County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas.  Its county seat and most populous city is Anthony.  As of the 2020 census, the county population was 5,485.  The county was named for Sergeant Marion Harper of the 2nd Kansas Cavalry, who died in battle during the Civil War.
Cherie Kagan
Cherie R. Kagan (b. 1969, Manhasset, New York) is the Stephen J. Angello Professor of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, and Professor of Chemistry at the University of Pennsylvania. Kagan is an Associate Editor of ACS Nano and serves on the editorial boards of Nano Letters and NanoToday.

Nano Letters
Nano Letters is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Chemical Society. It was established in January 2001. The editor-in-chief is Teri W. Odom (Northwestern University). The journal covers all aspects of nanoscience and nanotechnology and their subdisciplines.
On Hyndford Street
"On Hyndford Street" is a song written by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison, and was released on his 1991 double album Hymns to the Silence.

On 2020, for Morrison's 75th birthday celebration, County Down-born jazz drummer and composer David Lyttle covered the song featuring actor and fellow Northern Irishman Liam Neeson. Neeson was interviewed about his collaboration and said he "honoured".

People of Northern Ireland
People from Northern Ireland are those born in Northern Ireland who, at the time of their birth, have at least one parent who is a British citizen, an Irish citizen, or otherwise entitled to reside in Northern Ireland indefinitely under the Belfast Agreement.

Most Northern Irish people either identify as British, Northern Irish, Irish, or a combination thereof. The 20th century conflict known as The Troubles, which ended in effect in 1999, was primarily caused by tensions between people who had these different identites, and their connections to religion (Anglican protestants and Catholics).
2005 Singer Sri Lankan Airlines Rugby 7s
The 2005 Singer Sri Lankan Airlines Rugby 7s was the seventh year of the Singer Sri Lankan Airlines Rugby 7s tournament. The competition served as the qualifier for the 2006 Asian Games, with the highest placed eight teams being selected to play in Qatar. In the Cup final Japan defeated South Korea, 28–10, and in the Plate final Sri Lanka won, 17–0, against Kazakhstan.

Chinese Taipei national rugby sevens team
The Chinese Taipei national rugby sevens team is a minor national sevens side. They have competed in the Hong Kong Sevens since the 1980s. In 1989, veteran rugby commentator Bill McLaren mentions them in an article on the Hong Kong Sevens, saying that their team had two Chi-Mings, a Yen-Ching, and a Chijen-Shuen, and that he was grateful that he did not have to broadcast all the names, as he had trouble remembering them.
Syed Nasir Ismail
Tun Syed Nasir bin Syed Ismail (Arabic: سيد ناصر بن سيد إسماعيل Sayyid Nāṣir bin ʼIsmāʻīl;
7 March 1921– 16 March 1982) was a Speaker of the Dewan Rakyat, the lower house of the Parliament of Malaysia. During his lifetime, he was known as a nationalist who sought to fight for the primacy of the national language in Malaysia as a means to create a national identity through the closing down of public-funded Mandarin and Tamil vernacular schools. Tun Syed Nasir sees a common education system for all as a solution to this dilemma. A prominent politician from the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) – the leading party of the governing Barisan Nasional coalition – he served as the 5th Speaker of the Dewan Rakyat from 1978 till his death in 1982.

He was born in Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia, and is of Hadhrami Arab descent.

Batu Pahat (town)
Batu Pahat, also sometimes known as Bandar Penggaram or by its initials as BP, is a town and capital of Batu Pahat District, Johor, Malaysia. It lies south-east of Muar (a royal town), south-west of Kluang, north-west of Pontian and south of Segamat. The town is in Simpang Kanan parish.

As of 2009, Batu Pahat town is the 20th largest urban area in Malaysia in population. In 2006, Batu Pahat surpassed Muar to become the second largest urban area in Johor and by 2012 Batu Pahat was the 16th largest urban area in Malaysia in population. Chinese make up the majority of the population at 62% followed by Malays at 36% and Indians at 2%.
Eric Chien-Wei Liao
Eric Liao is an American pediatric surgeon-scientist. He specializes in plastic and reconstructive craniofacial surgery, especially in the surgical treatment of cleft lip and palate, rhinoplasty, otoplasty, and nasal reconstruction. Liao's research interests are focused on the genetics and developmental biology that govern facial formation and craniofacial anomalies. He is the founding director of the Center for Craniofacial Innovation at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, the Vice Chair of Academic Affairs in the Department of Surgery, and a Professor of Surgery at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine.

Reconstructive surgery
Reconstructive surgery is surgery performed to restore normal appearance and function to body parts malformed by a disease, medical condition, or injury. The field of reconstructive surgery includes a wide range of sub-specialties including plastic surgery, craniofacial surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, hand surgery, reconstructive microsurgery, and surgical treatment of burns and scars.
Czechoslovak Trade Union Association
Czechoslovak Trade Union Association (Czech: Odborové sdružení československé), abbreviated to OSČ, was a national trade union center, founded in 1897 in what was then the Austro-Hungarian Empire. With the break-up of the empire, the OSČ emerged as the major trade union force in Czechoslovakia up to the Second World War.

Trade union federation
Organizers within trade unions have sought to increase the bargaining power of workers in regards to collective bargaining by acting in collaboration with other trade unions. Multi-union organizing can take place on an informal basis, or on a more formal basis via an umbrella organization comprising multiple trade unions. Such umbrella organizations may be referred to as a trade union federation, trade union confederation, or trade union centre.
1938 Women's Western Open
The 1938 Women's Western Open was a golf competition held at Broadmoor Golf Club in Colorado Springs, Colorado. It was the 9th edition of the event. Bea Barrett won the championship in match play competition by defeating Helen Hofmann in the final match, 6 and 4.

Broadmoor Golf Club
The Broadmoor Golf Club is a pair of golf courses, located on the grounds of The Broadmoor, a historic hotel and resort in Colorado Springs, Colorado. Originally opened in 1918 and designed by Donald Ross, the course format was expanded in 1965 with 18 additional holes designed by Robert Trent Jones.

The club has hosted several USGA championships since 1959, including the 1995 and 2011 U.S. Women's Open, the 2008, 2018, and 2025 U.S. Senior Open, and the 1959 and 1967 U.S. Amateur.

The current layout consists of the East Course and the West Course, and the club previously had a third 18-hole course, the Mountain Course, which was closed after a 2015 rockslide.
Ute (given name)
Ute is a German feminine given name.

People with the name include:

Ute Berg (born 1953), German politician and member of the SPD

Ute Christensen (born 1955), German actress

Ute Enzenauer (born 1965), West German road racing cyclist

Ute Frevert (born 1954), professor of German history at Yale

Ute Geweniger (born 1964), East German breaststroke and medley swimmer

Ute Hommola (born 1952), German track and field athlete

Ute Lemper (born 1963), German chanteuse and actress

Ute Noack, East German cross country skier

Ute Oberhoffner (born 1961), East German luger

Ute Rührold (born 1954), East German luger

Ute Schell (born 1966), German rower

Ute Steppin (born 1965), German volleyball player

Ute Thimm née Finger (born 1958), German track and field athlete

Ute Vogt (born 1964), German politician

Ute Wartenberg (born 1963), scholar and numismatist

Ute Wetzig (born 1971), German diver

Ute Oberhoffner
Ute Oberhoffner (née Weiß, born 15 September 1961 in Ilmenau, Bezirk Suhl, sometimes shown as Ute Oberhoffner-Weiss) is an East German luger who competed during the 1980s. She won two medals in the women's singles event at the Winter Olympics with a silver in 1988 and a bronze in 1984.

Oberhoffner won four medals at the FIL World Luge Championships, earning one silver (Mixed team: 1989) and three bronzes (1983, 1987, 1989). She won a complete set of medals at the FIL European Luge Championships with a gold in the women's singles event (1988), and silver in the mixed team event (1988), and a bronze in the women's singles event (1986). Oberhoffner also won the overall Luge World Cup title in women's singles twice (1982-3, 1988–9).

After her career in luge, Oberhoffner became a teacher in her native Ilmenau for which she was honored in 2003.
Le sens de la vie
"Le sens de la vie" (English: "The meaning of life")  is a song by the French singer-songwriter Tal. The lyrics were written by Laetitia Vanhove and Serge Mounier and music composed by Laura Marciano and Simon Caby. The song was produced by Eau de Gammes.

It was initially recorded for Tal's debut album Le droit de rêver, which was released in March 2012. It was released in France as a single in January 2012, the third from the album after the singles "On avance" and "Waya Waya," the latter featuring Sean Paul. Contrary to the first two releases, "Le sens de la vie" became a top-ten hit for her reaching #4 in the SNEP French Singles Chart and #3 in the Belgian Ultratop Wallonia Francophone Singles Chart.

The album  Le droit de rêver also contains a second very popular version of the same song in collaboration with the French-Algerian artist L'Algérino with added rap lyrics performed by L'Algérino.

Ultratop
Ultratop is an organization which generates and publishes the official record charts in Belgium. Ultratop is a non-profit organization, created in 1995 on the initiative of the Belgian Entertainment Association (BEA), the Belgian member organization of the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry. Two parallel sets of charts are concurrently produced and published: one is on behalf of Belgium's mainly Dutch-speaking Flanders region, and the other caters to the nation's mainly French-speaking region of Wallonia.
GNR Class N2
The Great Northern Railway (GNR) Class N2 is an 0-6-2T side tank steam locomotive designed by Nigel Gresley and introduced in 1920. Further batches were built by the London and North Eastern Railway from 1925. They had superheaters and piston valves driven by Stephenson valve gear.

Some locomotives were fitted with condensing apparatus for working on the Metropolitan Railway Widened Lines between King's Cross and Moorgate.

Ken Hoole
Ken Hoole (1916–1988) was an English historian known for his works on the railways of the north east of England.

The Ken Hoole Study Centre at the Darlington Railway Centre and Museum, and the Ken Hoole Trust are named after him.
Sheezus
Sheezus is the third studio album by English singer Lily Allen, released on 2 May 2014 by Parlophone. The album was Allen's first work after a five year hiatus since the release of her second studio album, It's Not Me, It's You (2009). Sheezus features production from longtime collaborator Greg Kurstin, along with the likes of Shellback, DJ Dahi and Fraser T. Smith. Upon release, Sheezus received mixed reviews from music critics. The album debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart, becoming Allen's second consecutive number-one album.

The album was preceded by the release of two singles. The lead single "Hard Out Here" was released on 17 November 2013 and entered the UK Singles Chart at number nine, giving Allen two simultaneous top-10 singles. "Air Balloon" was released as the second single from the album, peaking at number seven on the UK Singles Chart.

The Graham Norton Show
The Graham Norton Show is a British comedy talk show presented by Graham Norton. It was initially broadcast on BBC Two, from 22 February 2007, before moving to BBC One in October 2009. It currently airs on Friday evenings, with Norton succeeding Friday Night with Jonathan Ross in BBC One's prestigious late-Friday-evening slot in 2010.

The show is characterised by Norton's opening monologue, adult humour, and innuendo-laden dialogue and flamboyant presentation, for which he has received a number of awards, including the British Academy Television Award for Best Entertainment Performance three times (2011, 2012 and 2018). The show also won British Academy Television Award for  Best Comedy Entertainment Programme in 2015.
Nina Owing
Nina Owing (born 1958) is a Norwegian news anchor.

She was hired by the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation and presented their main newscast, Dagsnytt. In 1992 she was hired as head journalist of the television newscast, Dagsrevyen. In 1994 she became presenter of the Saturday edition which includes feature journalism, Lørdagsrevyen, and in 1995 she became a regular news anchor of Dagsrevyen. She also presented political debate shows; from 2005 to 2007 Standpunkt—and the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation's election night coverage.

Dagsnytt
Dagsnytt (Norwegian: "daily news") is Norwegian public radio's main news programme. It is broadcast on most of NRK radio channels, with 3-minute bulletins every hour, including in the overnight hours. Additional bulletins are broadcast every half-hour on weekdays between 05:30 and 08:30. It has about 2.5 million daily listeners, around half of the Norwegian population.

First broadcast in 1934, Dagsnytt is the oldest and most recognized of all NRK programmes.

The programme is produced by NRK's news division, based at Television House at NRK headquarters at Marienlyst in Oslo.

As of 31 July 2025, the 05:00, 05:30, and 06:00 bulletins on weekdays, and the 06:00 bulletins on weekends, are televised on NRK1, showing the announcer and the radio news studio's tech setup.
2011 Esiliiga
The 2011 season of the Esiliiga, the second level in the Estonian football system, is the 21st season in the league's history. It starts in March and ends in November. The defending champions are Levadia II, who were ineligible for promotion as they are the reserve team for Meistriliiga side Levadia.

Esiliiga
The Esiliiga is the second division in the Estonian football league system. The Esiliiga is ranked below the Meistriliiga and above the Esiliiga B.

As in most countries with low temperatures in winter time, the season starts in March and ends in November. The league features several reserve teams of Meistriliiga clubs. According to the rules set by the Estonian Football Association, reserve teams are ineligible for promotion to the Meistriliiga, but can play in the Estonian Cup.
Saul Landau
Saul Landau (January 15, 1936 – September 9, 2013) was an American journalist, filmmaker and commentator. He was also a professor emeritus at California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, where he taught history and digital media.

Transnational Institute
The Transnational Institute (TNI), is an international non-profit research and advocacy think tank that was founded in 1974 in Amsterdam, Netherlands. According to their website, the organization promotes a "... just, democratic and sustainable world."
Assateague State Park
Assateague State Park is a public recreation area in Worcester County, Maryland, located at the north end of Assateague Island, a barrier island bordered by the Atlantic Ocean on the east and Sinepuxent Bay on the west. The state park is bordered on both its north and south sides by Assateague Island National Seashore and is reached via the Verrazano Bridge which carries Maryland Route 611 across Sinepuxent Bay. The park offers wildlife viewing, beach activities, and camping facilities. It is managed by the Maryland Park Service of the larger Maryland Department of Natural Resources with the support of volunteers working under the auspices of the non-profit Friends of Assateague State Park.

Maryland Department of Natural Resources
The Maryland Department of Natural Resources (DNR) is a government agency in the state of Maryland charged with maintaining natural resources including state parks, public lands, state forests, state waterways, wildlife, and recreation areas. Its headquarters are in Annapolis.
Hoeffken Lake
Hoeffken Lake is a lake in Carver County, Minnesota, in the United States.

Hoeffken Lake was named for Henry Hoeffken, an early settler. Hoeffken Lake is situated southwest of Bongards, east of County Ditch Number Four A.

Carver County, Minnesota
Carver County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 106,922. Its county seat is Chaska. Carver County is named for explorer Jonathan Carver, who in 1766–67, traveled from Boston to the Minnesota River and wintered among the Sioux near the site of New Ulm. Carver County is part of the Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Swimming at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metre backstroke
The women's 100 metre backstroke was a swimming event held as part of the swimming at the 1924 Summer Olympics programme. It was the first appearance of the event, as women only swam freestyle events before this Games. The competition was held on Saturday 19 July 1924, and on Sunday 20 July 1924.

Backstroke
Backstroke or back crawl is one of the four swimming styles used in competitive events regulated by FINA, and the only one of these styles swum on the back. This swimming style has the advantage of easy breathing, but the disadvantage of swimmers not being able to see where they are going. It also has a different start from the other three competition swimming styles. The swimming style is similar to an upside down front crawl or freestyle. Both backstroke and front crawl are long-axis strokes. In individual medley backstroke is the second style swum; in the medley relay it is the first style swum.
Myztro
Tshiamiso Sekowe is a South African DJ and record producer professionally known under the alias of Myztro. Born and bred in Soshanguve, he is the biological brother of DJ Maphorisa.

He came to prominence subsequent to the release of "Emcimbini", "Dipatje tsa Felo" and "66", the latter certified Multi-Platinum by the Recording Industry of South Africa (RiSA).

Soshanguve
Soshanguve is a township situated about 30 km north of Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa, just east of Mabopane. The name Soshanguve is an acronym for Sotho, Shangaan, Nguni and Venda, thus showing the multi-ethnic composition of the population. The major African languages of South Africa are heard in Soshanguve.
1940–41 Irish Cup
The 1940–41 Irish Cup was the 61st edition of the Irish Cup, the premier knock-out cup competition in Northern Irish football.

Belfast Celtic won the tournament for the 5th time, defeating Linfield 1–0 in the final at Windsor Park.

People of Northern Ireland
People from Northern Ireland are those born in Northern Ireland who, at the time of their birth, have at least one parent who is a British citizen, an Irish citizen, or otherwise entitled to reside in Northern Ireland indefinitely under the Belfast Agreement.

Most Northern Irish people either identify as British, Northern Irish, Irish, or a combination thereof. The 20th century conflict known as The Troubles, which ended in effect in 1999, was primarily caused by tensions between people who had these different identites, and their connections to religion (Anglican protestants and Catholics).
Santa Margarida de Montbui
Santa Maragarida de Montbui (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈsantə məɾɣəˈɾiðə ðə mumˈbuj]) is a municipality in the comarca of the Anoia in Catalonia,
Spain. It is situated in the Òdena Basin, immediately to the west of Igualada of which it effectively forms a
suburb. The ajuntament (town hall) is in Sant Maure. Other neighbourhoods in Montbui are the Old Town, el Saió-Coll del Guix and La Mallola.

Comarques of Catalonia
The comarques of Catalonia (singular comarca, Eastern Catalan: [kuˈmarkə], Western Catalan: [koˈmaɾka]), often referred to in English as counties, are an administrative division of Catalonia. Each comarca comprises a number of municipalities, roughly equivalent to a county in the United States. Currently, Catalonia is divided into 42 comarques and Aran, considered a "unique territorial entity" and not a comarca.

Each comarca has a representative county council (Catalan: consell comarcal), except for Barcelonès, which abolished it in 2019, and Aran, which instead has the Conselh Generau d'Aran.

Comarques form the second-level administrative division within Catalonia, being a subdivision of vegueries (or provinces at state level).