hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Harry Austryn Wolfson
Harry Austryn Wolfson (November 2, 1887 – September 19, 1974), born Zvi Hershel ben Mendel Wolfson, was an American philosopher and historian at Harvard University, where he became the first chair of a Jewish Studies Center in the United States. Best known for his seminal work on the Jewish philosopher Philo, Wolfson also produced major studies on Crescas and Spinoza, examined Averroes and Maimonides in the context of medieval and early modern thought, and wrote on the Kalam, the Church Fathers, and the foundations of Western religion. He aimed to bridge Jewish philosophy with Christian philosophy and Islamic philosophy. As the first Judaica scholar to spend his entire career at a top university, Wolfson embodied the ambitions of the 19th-century Wissenschaft des Judentums (science of Judaism, or Jewish studies) movement.

Jewish ceremonial art
Jewish ceremonial art, also referred to as Jewish ritual art, Jewish sacred art, and Jewish liturgical art, refers to objects used by Jews for ritual purposes. Because enhancing a mitzvah by performing it with an especially beautiful object is considered a mitzvah – a praiseworthy way of honoring God's commandments – this concept is known as hiddur mitzvah. Judaism has a long tradition of commissioning ritual objects from craftsmen and artists, just as Jewish culture has a long tradition of producing ritual objects, both for Jewish ceremonial use and sale to all.

Jewish ceremonial art forms a large part of Judaica (/dʒuːˈdeɪ.ɪkə/), a general academic and art trade term for Jewish-related objects, of which other types are manuscripts, books and other printed materials, artworks in various media, and clothing.
Birdsong (play)
Birdsong was a 2010 adaptation of the novel of the same title by Sebastian Faulks. The text was written by Rachel Wagstaff, and the premiere production was directed by Trevor Nunn. That production began previews at the Comedy Theatre in London on September 18, 2010, and opened on September 28, 2010. The West End stage production's cast included Ben Barnes as Stephen Wraysford, Genevieve O'Reilly as Isabelle, Nicholas Farrell as René Azaire, Iain Mitchell as Bérard, Lee Ross as Jack Firebrace and Zoe Waites as Jeanne. Other cast members included Owain Arthur, Billy Carter, Florence Hall, Paul Hawkyard, Gregg Lowe, Joe Coen, Jack Hawkins, James Staddon and Annabel Topham. The play closed on January 15, 2011. The play reopened January 31, 2018 with its last show being performed July 21, 2018.

Genevieve O'Reilly
Genevieve O'Reilly (born 6 January 1977) is an Irish actress. She is known for portraying Mon Mothma in the Star Wars franchise beginning with Revenge of the Sith (2005), a role which earned her a Saturn Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in season 1 of Andor. She has also amassed significant other acting credits on stage and in film and television.
Social citizenship
Social citizenship was a term first coined by T. H. Marshall, who argued that the ideal citizenship experience entails access to political, civil and social rights in a state. According to Marshall, social citizenship includes “the whole range from the right to a modicum of economic welfare and security to the right to share to the full in the social heritage and to live the life of a civilized being according to the standards prevailing in society”. Marshall’s concept of social policy has been critiqued by some scholars for being idealistic and only applicable to the participation of able-bodied white males.

Disability Discrimination Act 1995
The Disability Discrimination Act 1995 (c. 50) (informally, and hereafter, the DDA) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which has now been repealed and replaced by the Equality Act 2010, except in Northern Ireland where the Act still applies. Formerly, it made it unlawful to discriminate against people in respect of their disabilities in relation to employment, the provision of goods and services, education and transport.

The DDA is a civil rights law. Other countries use constitutional, social rights or criminal law to make similar provisions.  The Equality and Human Rights Commission combats discrimination. Equivalent legislation exists in Northern Ireland, which is enforced by the Northern Ireland Equality Commission.
András Ádám-Stolpa
András Ádám-Stolpa (15 September 1921 – 8 November 2010) was a Hungarian champion tennis, basketball and ice hockey player.

Ádám-Stolpa was on the Hungarian Davis Cup team in 1948 (the same year he won the Hungarian National Tennis Championships), 1949, 1952, 1954, 1955, and 1957–1960.

Ádám-Stolpa advanced to the quarterfinals of the 1947 French Championships after defeating the second seeded American, Budge Patty.
(In 1950, Mr. Patty won the men's singles championship at both Wimbledon and the French Open.)
Mr. Stolpa played men's singles in the French Open again in 1948, 1954–1960, and 1965.

Adam-Stolpa played in seniors tournaments in Budapest 13–16 November 2008. and 5–8 February 2009. On 27 July 2009, he was ranked 876th senior male by the International Tennis Federation.

1957 Davis Cup
The 1957 Davis Cup was the 46th edition of the Davis Cup, the most important tournament between national teams in men's tennis. 24 teams entered the Europe Zone, 7 teams entered the America Zone, and 5 teams entered the Eastern Zone. Malaya, Lebanon and Venezuela made their first appearances in the competition.

The United States defeated Brazil in the America Zone final, the Philippines defeated Japan in the Eastern Zone final, and Belgium defeated Italy in the Europe Zone final. In the Inter-Zonal Zone, the United States defeated the Philippines in the semifinal and then defeated Belgium in the final. In the Challenge Round the United States were defeated by defending champions Australia. The final was played at the Kooyong Stadium in Melbourne, Australia on 26–28 December.
Gittis
Gittis is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrew Gittis (born 1998), Canadian curler

Howard Gittis (1934–2007), American attorney

Vladimir Gittis (1881–1938), Soviet military commander and komkor

Andrew Gittis
Andrew Gittis (born November 2, 1998) is a Canadian curler from Edmonton, Alberta. He is currently the second of the Alberta Golden Bears men's curling team in university curling and on the World Curling Tour. Gittis is a dual citizen of the United States and Canada, and is now living in Canada full-time.
2005 Italy rugby union tour
The 2005 Italy rugby union tour of Argentina and South Africa was a series of matches played in June_ 2005 in Argentina and Australia by Italy national rugby union team.

Italy obtain his first victory in test-match played in Argentina against the Pumas. It was the only victory of a Northern hemisphere team in a test match during the 2005 mid-year rugby union tests

Antonio Mannato
Antonio Mannato (born 6 June 1981) is an Italian former international rugby union player.

Born in Varese, Mannato was trained at Unione Rugby Sannio, where he served as under-21 captain.

Mannato was a versatile player who could play both in the back-row and on the wing. He earned three Italy caps during his career, debuting against the United States in 2004. The following year, Mannato featured in Italy's win over Argentina in Cordoba and scored a try in a loss to Australia in Melbourne. He appeared at club level with Roma, Gran Parma, Rugby Parma and Reggio Emilia, playing at the latter for eight seasons.
Christian Science practitioner
A Christian Science practitioner is an individual who prays for others according to the teachings of Christian Science. Treatment is non-medical, rather it is based on the Bible and the Christian Science textbook, Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures (1875) by Mary Baker Eddy (1821–1910), who said she discovered Christian Science in 1866 and founded the Christian Science church in 1879. According to the church, Christian Science practitioners address physical conditions, as well as relationship or financial difficulties and any other problem or crisis.

Practitioners are either "listed" or "unlisted," a designation that refers to a form of international accreditation maintained by The Mother Church, in Boston, Massachusetts. "Listed" practitioners are included in the directory of Christian Science practitioners on the church website, and printed in the Christian Science Journal.

The First Church of Christ, Scientist
The First Church of Christ, Scientist is the administrative headquarters and mother church of the Church of Christ, Scientist, also known as the Christian Science church. Christian Science was founded in the 19th century in Lynn, Massachusetts, by Mary Baker Eddy with the publication of her book Science and Health (1875).

The First Church of Christ, Scientist, is located in the 13.5-acre (55,000 m2) Christian Science Plaza in Boston, Massachusetts. The center is owned by the church and contains the Original Mother Church (1894); Mother Church Extension (1906); Christian Science Publishing House (1934), which houses the Mary Baker Eddy Library; Reflection Hall (1971); Administration Building (1972); and Colonnade Building (1972). There is also a reflecting pool and fountain.
Lincity
Lincity is a free and open-source construction and management simulation game, which puts the player in control of managing a city's socio-economy, similar in concept to SimCity. The player can develop a city by buying appropriate buildings, services and infrastructure. Its name is both a Linux reference and a play on the title of the original city-building game, SimCity, and it was released under the GNU General Public License v2.

Wordplay
Wordplay (also: play-on-words) is a literary technique and a form of wit in which words used become the main subject of the work, primarily for the purpose of intended effect or amusement. Examples of wordplay include puns, phonetic mix-ups such as spoonerisms, obscure words and meanings, clever rhetorical excursions, oddly formed sentences, double entendres, and telling character names (such as in the play The Importance of Being Earnest, Ernest being a given name that sounds exactly like the adjective earnest).

Wordplay is quite common in oral cultures as a method of reinforcing meaning. Examples of text-based (orthographic) wordplay are found in languages with or without alphabet-based scripts, such as homophonic puns in Mandarin Chinese.
2015 Asian Men's U23 Volleyball Championship
The 2015 Asian Men's U23 Volleyball Championship was held in Naypyidaw, Myanmar from 12 to 20 May 2015. It was the inaugural edition of the tournament and served as the Asian qualifier for the 2015 Men's U23 World Championship to be held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates which the top two teams qualified for the world championship. Iran won the tournament and Purya Fayazi was the most valuable player.

UTC+06:30
UTC+06:30 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of +06:30. In ISO 8601 the associated time would be written as 2025-11-07T10:40:55+06:30. It is 6.5 hours ahead of UTC, meaning that when the time in UTC areas is midnight (00:00), the time in UTC+6:30 areas would be 6:30 in the morning.
1918 Vancouver general strike
The 1918 Vancouver general strike was a general strike that took place in response to the death of Albert "Ginger" Goodwin on 2 August 1918. It was the first general strike in the history of British Columbia and a pivotal event in the Canadian Labour Revolt, which would unfold over the following years.

General strike
A general strike (or mass strike) is a strike action in which a substantial proportion of the total labour force in a city, region, or country participates. General strikes are characterised by the participation of workers from a multitude of workplaces across different industries, and tend to involve entire communities. They are often used to strengthen the bargaining position of a trade union or achieve a common social or political goal. General strikes first occurred in the mid-19th century and have characterised many historically important strikes.
Oldenzaal
Oldenzaal (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɔldə(n)ˌzaːl] ⓘ; Tweants: Oldnzel) is a municipality and a city in the eastern province of Overijssel in the Netherlands. It is part of the region of Twente and is close to the German border.

It received city rights in 1249. Historically, the city was part of the Hanseatic League as a subsidiary city of the fellow Hanseatic city of Deventer.

Located on the A1 motorway from Amsterdam to Germany, Oldenzaal also has a rail connection to Hengelo and Bad Bentheim.

As of December 2022 Oldenzaal has a population of 31,958 people.

In the Netherlands, Oldenzaal is well known for its carnival festivities. During the carnival season Oldenzaal is known as "Boeskool-stad" which is a local dialect of the word Cabbage-town. During the main carnival weekend over 100,000 people come for the big parade showing high and mighty carnival trucks.

Overijssel
Overijssel (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌoːvərˈɛisəl] ⓘ; Dutch Low Saxon: Oaveriessel [ˌɒːvərˈiːsl̩]; German: Oberyssel; lit. 'Outer IJssel') is a province of the Netherlands located in the eastern part of the country. The province borders Drenthe to the north, Friesland to the north-west, Flevoland (and a small part of the IJsselmeer) to the west, Gelderland to the south and west, and Germany's states of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia to the east. Overijssel had a population of about 1,184,000 as of January 2023.

The province's name comes from the perspective of the Episcopal principality of Utrecht, which held the territory until 1528. The capital city of Overijssel is Zwolle (pop. 132,441) and the largest city is Enschede (pop. 161,235). The land mostly consists of grasslands and some forests (including Sallandse Heuvelrug National Park).
Remix Dystemper
Remix Dystemper is a 1998 remix album of Skinny Puppy tracks, by various artists. An early pressing of the Remix DysTemper album shipped with all the proper artwork, but the disc contained Christian gospel music instead of the Skinny Puppy remixes. A promo version of the album contained only eight tracks, omitting tracks 3, 4, 10, 11, 12.

Both the "Rodent" remix by Hiwatt and the "Spasmolytic" remix by Deftones appeared on different soundtracks of the famous Saw franchise. "Rodent" appeared on the soundtrack for Saw II while "Spasmolytic" appeared on the soundtrack for Saw IV. The Hiwatt remix of "Rodent" appeared in the video game LittleBigPlanet 3.

LittleBigPlanet 3
LittleBigPlanet 3 is a 2014 puzzle-platform video game developed by Sumo Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation 4. It is the third main installment in the LittleBigPlanet series and sixth entry overall. It was announced at Sony's E3 2014 media briefing on 9 June 2014. It was developed primarily by Sumo Digital, with XDev and series creator Media Molecule assisting in an undisclosed capacity.

LittleBigPlanet 3 received generally positive reviews upon release. Critics praised the visuals, the create mode, and new gameplay elements such as the addition of the new characters. The game did however draw criticism for its technical issues and the short length of its campaign mode.
The Awakening (1956 film)
The Awakening (Italian: Suor Letizia, also known as When Angels Don't Fly) is a 1956 Italian comedy drama film directed by Mario Camerini. For this film Anna Magnani was awarded with her fourth Silver Ribbon for best actress.

Nastro d'Argento
The Nastro d'Argento (plural: Nastri d'Argento; English: Silver Ribbon) is an Italian film award, held since 1946 by the Sindacato Nazionale Giornalisti Cinematografici Italiani (Italian National Union of Film Journalists). Awards are given annually in a wide range of categories, covering not only feature films but also short films (Corti d'argento) and television series (Nastri d'Argento Grandi Serie). The main awards are given at Taormina Film Fest, Sicily, while the short film awards ceremony is held in Naples.
Rustem Nureev
Rustem M. Nureev (Russian: Рустем Махмутович Нуреев; 13 May 1950 – 12 April 2023) was a Soviet and Russian scientist and economist. Doctor of Sciences in Economics (1990), professor at the Higher School of Economics and Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation. He was the first vice chancellor of the Higher School of Economics.
He was also Principal Researcher at the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

In 1967 he entered and in 1972 he graduated from the Moscow State University, Faculty of Economics.

From 1972 to 1975, he was a graduate student at the MSU Faculty of Economics.

Then he worked at the MSU.
Docent (1983). 
In 1991, he received the title of professor.

He was one of the organizers of the Higher School of Economics, and became its first vice chancellor.
He taught at the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics.

He was a member of the Editorial Board of the Voprosy Ekonomiki.

Doctor of Sciences
A Doctor of Sciences is a higher doctoral degree that was awarded in the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and many Commonwealth of Independent States countries. It is currently awarded in some post-soviet nations, particularly Russia and Belarus. One of the prerequisites for receiving a Doctor of Sciences degree is obtaining a PhD-equivalent Candidate of Sciences degree. In addition, the Doctor of Sciences conferral also requires applicants to demonstrate significant and outstanding contributions to their research field. This degree is generally regarded as recognition for a lifetime of academic achievements rather than an ordinary academic degree achieved through courses and theses.
Beaufort, Isère
Beaufort (French pronunciation: [bofɔʁ] ⓘ) is a commune in the Isère department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of south-eastern France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Beaufortois or Beaufortoises.

Isère
Isère (US: /iːˈzɛər/ ee-ZAIR; French: [izɛʁ] ⓘ; Arpitan: Isera; Occitan: Isèra, Occitan pronunciation: [iˈsɛɾa]) is a landlocked department in the southeastern French region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Named after the river Isère, it had a population of 1,271,166 in 2019. Its prefecture is Grenoble. It borders Rhône to the northwest, Ain to the north, Savoie to the east, Hautes-Alpes to the south, Drôme and Ardèche to the southwest and Loire to the west.
Jiquipilco
Jiquipilco Municipality is one of the municipalities of the State of Mexico in Mexico. It is north of the Toluca Valley, part of the region consisting of the southern and western slopes of Cerro La Catedral, which has a concentration of speakers of the Otomi language. It is about 40 km from Toluca, the state capital. The name is a corruption of Nahuatl “Xiquipilco”, meaning “in the saddlebags”. Jiquipilco is situated on the transversal volcanic axis that crosses Mexico in an area surrounded by lakes and volcanoes. This portion is called "Anahuac”.

Toluca Valley
The Toluca Valley is a valley in central Mexico, just west of the Valley of Mexico (Mexico City), the old name was Matlatzinco. The valley runs north–south for about 35 km (22 mi), surrounded by mountains, the most imposing of which is the Nevado de Toluca Volcano. It is one of the highest valleys in Mexico and for this reason has a relatively cold climate. Since the 1940s, there has been significant environmental degradation in the valley, with the loss of forests, soil erosion, falling water tables and water pollution due to growth in industry and population.  In the pre-Hispanic period, it was a buffer region between the Aztec Empire and Purépecha Empire. From the Aztec period until the 19th century, it was part of the region controlled by Mexico City, but today it is the center of the State of Mexico, which has its capital in Toluca, the main city of the valley.
Ramin Guliyev
Ramin Guliyev (born 22 June 1981) is an Azerbaijani football manager and former player who played as a defender. He is currently the manager of the Azerbaijan U17, and a former player of Azerbaijan. He  was a former player of Dinamo Baku, which was eliminated in expect.

Azerbaijan Cup
The Azerbaijan Cup (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Milli Futbol Kuboku)
is a major association football competition in Azerbaijan. In its original form, it started in 1936, when Azerbaijan was a republic of the Soviet Union and it was not contested by Azerbaijani teams in the Soviet league pyramid.

Compared to major football competitions in many other countries, the tournament in Azerbaijan attracts considerably less public interest and even the cup final is rarely sold out. Consequently, the Association of Football Federations of Azerbaijan has experimented with the format in order to raise the profile of the competition.
Alexander Island (Texas)
Alexander Island is an island in the Houston Ship Channel in Harris County, Texas. It is located near Baytown and La Porte and is viewable on the Fred Hartman Bridge.

In September 2013, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Galveston District awarded a contract in the amount $1,369,515.74 to Integris Projects for dewatering of the Alexander Island Placement Area relating to the Houston Ship Channel in Harris County.

Dewatering allows for the outflow of excess water and increases the placement area's capacity to hold more dredge material. This process is part of the district's Dredged Area Management Program (DAMP) which ensures placement areas are prepared for future dredging activities.

Houston Ship Channel
The Houston Ship Channel, in Houston, Texas, is part of the Port of Houston, one of the busiest seaports in the world. The channel is the conduit for ocean-going vessels between Houston-area terminals and the Gulf of Mexico, and it serves an increasing volume of inland barge traffic.
Stuart Mills (footballer)
Stuart Mills (born 7 April 1990) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays, as a right winger, for Blantyre Victoria in the Scottish Junior Football Association, West Region. He has previously played in the Scottish Premier League for Hamilton Academical.

Scottish Junior Football Association, West Region
The Scottish Junior Football Association, West Region was one of three regions of the SJFA which organised its own distinct league and cup competitions.

The SJFA used to be split into six regions, but in 2002 they decided to reform into three (East, North and West) to try to ensure more games between the top clubs and hence increase their revenues. The region covered an area from Girvan in South Ayrshire to Denny in Central Scotland.

In 2020, the region was abolished, as all 63 clubs in the region decided to depart and join the newly-founded West of Scotland Football League.
Wierzchowiny, Parczew County
Wierzchowiny [vjɛʂxɔˈvinɨ] was a village in the administrative district of Gmina Siemień, within Parczew County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.

In 2016 it was delisted and split into two villages: Wierzchowiny Nowe and Wierzchowiny Stare.

Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship (Polish: województwo lubelskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ luˈbɛlskʲɛ] ⓘ) is a voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in the southeastern part of the country, with its capital being the city of Lublin.

The region is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin, and its territory is made of four historical lands: the western and central part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland, the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Cherven Cities/Red Ruthenia, and the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie.
Lublin Voivodeship borders Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west, Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north, Podlaskie Voivodeship along a short boundary to the north, Belarus (Brest Region) and Ukraine (Lviv and Volyn Regions) to the east. The region's population as of 2024 was 1,996,440. It covers an area of 25,155 square kilometres (9,712 sq mi).