hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Atwood machine
The Atwood machine (or Atwood's machine) was invented in 1784 by the English mathematician George Atwood as a laboratory experiment to verify the mechanical laws of motion with constant acceleration. Atwood's machine is a common classroom demonstration used to illustrate principles of classical mechanics.

The ideal Atwood machine consists of two objects of mass m1 and m2, connected by an inextensible massless string over an ideal massless pulley.

Both masses experience uniform acceleration. When m1 = m2, the machine is in neutral equilibrium regardless of the position of the weights.

Pulley
A pulley is a wheel on an axle or shaft enabling a taut cable or belt passing over the wheel to move and change direction, or transfer power between itself and a shaft.

A pulley may have a groove or grooves between flanges around its circumference to locate the cable or belt. The drive element of a pulley system can be a rope, cable, belt, or chain.
Ministry of Defence (Slovenia)
The Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: Ministrstvo za Obrambo Republike Slovenije; Slovene abbreviation MORS) is a ministry of the Republic of Slovenia, in charge of Slovenia's defence against external enemies and natural disasters.

The Ministry is led by the Minister of Defence of the Republic of Slovenia, who is appointed by the Slovenian Prime Minister and approved by the National Assembly of the Republic of Slovenia. The Minister is also part of the government.

The Ministry is located on Vojkova 55 in Ljubljana (Kardeljeva platform).

Social Democrats (Slovenia)
The Social Democrats (Slovene: Socialni demokrati, SD) is a centre-left social democratic political party in Slovenia. Led by Matjaž Han, the party was known as the United List of Social Democrats (Slovene: Združena lista socialnih demokratov [zələsəˈdə́]) from 1993 until 2005. It is the successor of the League of Communists of Slovenia. As of 2022, the party is a member of a three-party coalition government with Robert Golob's Freedom Movement alongside The Left, as well as a full member of the Party of European Socialists and Progressive Alliance.
1956 Illinois elections
Elections were held in Illinois on Tuesday, November 6, 1956.

Primaries were held on April 10, 1956.

The results strongly favored the Republican Party, which retained control both chambers of the Illinois General Assembly as well as all statewide elected executive offices. They also won the state in the presidential election, retained the U.S. Senate seat up for election, and flipped a single U.S. House seat.

Legislative referral
A legislative referral (or legislative referendum) is a referendum in which a legislature puts proposed legislation up for popular vote. This may either be voluntarily or, as is the case in many countries for a constitutional amendment, as a mandatory part of the procedure for passing a law. These referrals, depending on the location, can either amend a constitution or enact a change in statute. It is a form of direct democracy. In some places it is known as an authorities referendum, authorities plebiscite, government initiated referendum, or top-down referendum It may originate from the legislative branch, executive branch, or a combination of the two.

An instrument of direct democracy, it is in contrast to citizens (or "bottom-up") initiative that is initiated from the public. With initiated statutes and amendments, voters both initiate and decide on the change of law. In a legislative referral, they only approve or reject laws which their legislature votes to place before them.
Trioxoglutaric acid
Trioxoglutaric acid or trioxopentanedioic acid is a hypothetical chemical compound with formula C5H2O7 or HO−(C=O)5−OH.  It can be seen as a derivative of glutaric acid, hence its common name.  It would be the next member of the series of fully oxidized straight-chain dicarboxylic acids, that starts with the oxalic, oxomalonic, and dioxosuccinic acids.

Removal of two protons from the molecule would yield the trioxoglutarate anion, C5O2−7 or −O−(C=O)5−O−. This would be one of the oxocarbon anions, which consist solely of carbon and oxygen.  The name would also be used for salts containing that anion, and for esters with the [−O−(C=O)5−O−] moiety.

Removal of a single proton would result in the monovalent anion hydrogentrioxoglutarate, C5HO−7 or HO−(C=O)5−O−.

Dicarboxylic acid
In organic chemistry, a dicarboxylic acid is an organic compound containing two carboxyl groups (−COOH). The general molecular formula for dicarboxylic acids can be written as HO2C−R−CO2H, where R can be aliphatic or aromatic. In general, dicarboxylic acids show similar chemical behavior and reactivity to monocarboxylic acids. Dicarboxylic acids are usually colorless solids.  A wide variety of dicarboxylic acids are used in industry. Adipic acid, for example, is a precursor to certain kinds of nylon. A wide variety of dicarboxylic acids are found in nature. Aspartic acid and glutamic acid are two amino acids found in all life.  Succinic and fumaric acids are essential for metabolism. A large inventory of derivatives are known including many mono- and diesters, amides, etc.
Young Kashgar Party
The Young Kashgar Party (Chinese: 青年喀什噶爾黨) was a Turkic nationalist Uighur political party which existed from 1933 to 1934. It helped found the First East Turkestan Republic, a separatist entity of the Republic of China. It was anti-Han and anti-Hui. The Uighur military leader Timur Beg and the Khotan Emirs Muhammad Amin Bughra, Abdullah Bughra and Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra formed an alliance with the Young Kashgar Party. It convened a parliament of 40 members and sent two delegates to Khoja Niyaz.

Abdullah Bughra
Abdullah Bughra (Uyghur: (Kona Yëziq) ئابدۇللا بۇغرا, عبد الله بغرا; Chinese: 阿不都拉·布格拉; pinyin: Ābùdūlā·Bùgélā; after 1901 - April 16, 1934) was a Uyghur emir of the First East Turkestan Republic. He was the younger brother of Muhammad Amin Bughra and older brother of Emir Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra. He commanded Uyghur and Kirghiz forces during the Battle of Kashgar (1934) against the Chinese Muslim 36th Division (National Revolutionary Army). The Chinese Muslims were loyal to the Chinese government and wanted to crush the Turkic Muslim Uyghurs and Kirghiz in revenge for the Kizil massacre. He also had Afghan bodyguards protecting him. He was killed in 1934 at Yarkand by Chinese Muslim troops under general Ma Zhancang. All of Abdullah's fighters were killed, but his body was never found, which later gave rise to speculations about his fate.

Several sources state that Abdullah's head was cut off after he was killed and sent to Id Kah Mosque to be put on display.
The Last Dance (Spice 1 album)
The Last Dance is the seventh studio album by American rapper Spice 1. It was released on May 16, 2000, by Mobb Status Entertainment and Thug World Entertainment. The album was produced by G-Man Stan, DJ Squeeky, Al Eaton, Beezie, Blackjack, Clint "Payback" Sands, DJ Daryl, Pimp C, and Sean T. It features guest appearances from UGK, 2-Ton, Bad Azz, Black C, C-Bo, Crime Boss, MJG, Outlawz, Reefa, Sean T, and the Game Bangers. The album peaked at number 54 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and number 28 on the Independent Albums charts in the United States.

The album marks Spice 1's first independent album since leaving Jive Records. It was well received by fans, praising Spice for returning to his raw lyricism and murderous tales, reminiscent of previous albums such as 187 He Wrote and AmeriKKKa's Nightmare.

187 He Wrote
187 He Wrote is the second studio album by American rapper Spice 1. It was released on September 28, 1993, via Jive Records.

The album was produced by E-A-Ski & CMT, Mentally Blunted, Prodeje, Too $hort, Ant Banks, Jonny Z, MC Eiht, and D.J. Xtra Large, with Chaz Hayes and 187 Fac serving as executive producers. It features guest appearances from Bo$$ and MC Eiht and contributions from G-Nut, Ant Banks, E-40, Havikk, Havoc & Prodeje, and Nuttin' Nyce.

The album peaked at number 10 on the Billboard 200 and topped the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts in the United States. It was certified gold on November 30, 1993, by the Recording Industry Association of America for selling 500,000 units in the US alone. Its lead single, "Dumpin' Em in Ditches", made it to No. 34 on the Hot Dance Singles Sales and No. 79 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs charts in the United States. The second single off of the album, "The Murda Show", reached No. 50 on the Hot Rap Songs chart.
Espoonlahti
Espoonlahti (Finnish) or Esboviken (Swedish) (literally The Bay of Espoo or Espoo Bay) is one of the five major urban areas  of Espoo, a city in Finland. It lies along the south-western coast of Espoo, bounded to the west by the bay of the same name, to the south by the shores of the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Finnoo (Finnå) valley, to the east of the municipal border of Kirkkonummi, and to the north by the forests of Espoo central forest  area. This total area of about 4,800 hectares is further divided into areas called Soukka, Suvisaaristo, Kaitaa, Nöykkiö, Latokaski and Saunalahti, with one greater center called Espoonlahden keskus ( Espoonlahti center). Areas known as Laurinlahti, Ylä-Kivenlahti, Ala-Kivenlahti and Iivisniemi are also part of the Espoonlahti district. Yet another name pertinent to this area is Kanta-Espoonlahti (Espoonlahti Proper), which includes Espoonlahden keskus, Soukanmäki (Soukka Hill), Kivenlahti, Laurinlahti and Soukanniemi (Soukka Peninsula).

Suvisaaristo
Suvisaaristo (Finnish) or Sommaröarna (Swedish) is a maritime district in Espoo, Finland, districts number 451 and 452, and an archipelago in the Gulf of Finland, directly in front of a peninsula in Soukka, in the southwestern corner of Espoo.

The Uusimaa region council chose Suvisaaristo as the Uusimaa Village of the Year in 2007.
Igbara-oke
Igbara-OkeListenⓘ, popularly referred to as Nodal Town, is an Ekiti town in Ondo State, Nigeria. It is the headquarters of Ifedore Local Government Council. The total population for the local government area was 176,372 as at 2006 (National Population Commission, 2009). Igbara-Oke is a Yoruba town and the inhabitants are largely engaged in agriculture. Igbara-Oke is a town that shares border with three states in Nigeria, Ondo, Osun and Ekiti states. Igbara-Oke is a tripatite town. An entry point into Ondo State when coming from either Osun or Ekiti State. A land of peace, unity, love and harmony. A land that is viable for industrial and infrastructural development. Igbara-Oke has Thirteen (13) Satellites towns and villages.

Oba Oba Dr. Francis Adefarakanmi Agbede, a Yoruba monarch, is the 13th Olowa of Igbara-Oke kingdom, Ondo State since 2017.

Kingdom of Benin
The Kingdom of Benin or Empire of Benin, also known as Great Benin, is a traditional kingdom in southern Nigeria. It has no historical relation to the modern republic of Benin, which was known as Dahomey from the 17th century until 1975. The Kingdom of Benin's capital was Edo, now known as Benin City in Edo State, Nigeria. The Benin Kingdom was one of the oldest and most developed states in the coastal hinterland of West Africa. It grew out of the previous Edo Kingdom of Igodomigodo around the 11th century AD; it was annexed by the British Empire in 1897, but endured as a non-sovereign monarchy.

In the 15th and 16th centuries, the empire reached the height of its prosperity, expanding its territory, trading with European powers, and creating a remarkable artistic legacy in cast bronze, iron, brass, carved ivory, and other materials.
Plesiotrochus souverbianus
Plesiotrochus souverbianus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Plesiotrochidae.

According to Strong & Bouchet (2008) is Plesiotrochus souverbianus a synonym of Plesiotrochus unicinctus.

Plesiotrochidae
Plesiotrochidae is a family of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Sorbeoconcha. According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) the family Plesiotrochidae has no subfamilies.
AS Illzach Modenheim
Association Sportive Illzach Modenheim Foot, commonly known as ASIM or just Illzach, is a French association football team founded in 1932. They are based in Illzach, Alsace, France and are currently playing in the Regional 1 Alsace, effectively the sixth tier in the French football league system. They play at the Stade Joseph Biechlin in Illzach.

ASIM reached the 7th round of the 2010–11 and 2012–13 Coupe de France, losing on penalties to US Forbach and 3–2 to SAS Épinal.

Illzach
Illzach (French pronunciation: [ilzak] ⓘ), in Alsatian Ìllzig (Alemannic German pronunciation: [ˈɪltsik]) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Alsace in north-eastern France.

It is located in the north side of the Mulhouse metropolitan area, and forms part of the Mulhouse Alsace Agglomération, the inter-communal local government body for that area.
Oxley, Wolverhampton
Oxley is a suburb of Wolverhampton, West Midlands, and a ward of the City of Wolverhampton Council. Its area code is WV10. It is situated in the north of the city, bordering South Staffordshire and the Bushbury North, Bushbury South and Low Hill, St Peter's and Tettenhall Regis wards. It forms part of the Wolverhampton West constituency.

BCN Main Line
The BCN Main Line, or Birmingham Canal Navigations Main Line is the evolving route of the Birmingham Canal between Birmingham and Wolverhampton in England.

The name Main Line was used to distinguish the main Birmingham to Wolverhampton route from the many other canals and branches built or acquired by the Birmingham Canal Navigations company.
Rat a Tat Tat
Rat a Tat Tat is the fifth solo album by Jason Collett of Broken Social Scene. The album was released on March 9, 2010 from record label Arts & Crafts.

The album was produced by Carlin Nicholson and Michael O'Brien of Toronto-based band Zeus, the album features guest musicians Andrew Whiteman, Tony Scherr and Liam O'Neil of The Stills.

In promotion of the album, the label released songs, "Love Is a Dirty Word", in MP3 format.

The album was a longlisted nominee for the 2010 Polaris Music Prize, but it lost to Les Chemins de verre.

"Rat a Tat Tat" placed third in Exclaim! Magazine's annual musical rankings for top Folk & Country albums of 2010. Collett was praised for his irreverence in music making, "this time around, his raspy drawl is a little twangier and his retro detailing a little glossier. Although he pays homage to myriad bygone musical styles, Collett adds a tart twist that turns familiar echoes into fresh sounds."

Les Chemins de verre
Les Chemins de verre is the fourth studio album by Québec indie rock group Karkwa. The album's title literally translates as "The Glass Pathways" or "The Glass Roads", although it is also a pun on the French language phrase chemins de fer, or "railroads".

The entire album was written and recorded over the span of 21 days.

The album won the 2010 Polaris Music Prize, making Karkwa the first francophone band to win the award. The album subsequently also won the Juno Award for Francophone Album of the Year at the 2011 Juno Awards.

The album has received a gold certification by Music Canada, selling 40,000 copies as of December 8, 2011.
Yamada Green Dome Maebashi
Yamada Green Dome Maebashi (ヤマダグリーンドーム前橋, Yamada Gurīn Dōmu Maebashi) is an arena in Maebashi, Japan. With a capacity of 8,000, it is primarily used for indoor sports. One of its primary functions is as a velodrome - when it is known as Maebashi Velodrome (前橋競輪場, Maebashi Keirinjyō) - holding parimutuel Keirin races throughout the year.

Some of the international sports meets held in the past include the 1990 UCI Track Cycling World Championships and the 1999 IAAF World Indoor Championships. It is the former home arena of the Gunma Crane Thunders of the B.League, Japan's professional basketball league.

Maebashi
Maebashi (前橋市, Maebashi-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [ma.eꜜ.ba.ɕi, maꜜ.e-, ma.e.ba.ɕiꜜ.ɕi], locally [ma.e.ba.ɕi]) is the capital city of Gunma Prefecture, in the northern Kantō region of Japan. As of 31 August 2020, the city had an estimated population of 335,352 in 151,171 households, and a population density of 1100 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 311.59 km2 (120.31 sq mi).  It was the most populous city within Gunma Prefecture until Takasaki merged with nearby towns between 2006 and 2009. Maebashi is known to be the "City of Water, Greenery and Poets" because of its pure waters, its rich nature and because it gave birth to several Japanese contemporary poets, such as Sakutarō Hagiwara.
2018 World Series of Darts
The 2018 World Series of Darts was a series of televised darts tournaments organised by the Professional Darts Corporation. In 2018, there were 6 World Series events and one finals event, which has this year been moved from Glasgow, Scotland, to Vienna, Austria.

World Series of Darts
The World Series of Darts is a series of darts tournaments organised by the Professional Darts Corporation.

Beginning in 2013, the World Series has comprised between two and seven tournaments across the world, where a mixture of the top-ranked PDC players take on local qualifiers in a knockout format. Since 2015, there has been a World Series of Darts Finals tournament held annually, which has taken place in September at the AFAS Live in Amsterdam every year since 2022.
1955 SCCA National Sports Car Championship
The 1955 SCCA National Sports Car Championship season was the fifth season of the Sports Car Club of America's National Sports Car Championship. It began February 27, 1955, and ended November 13, 1955, after fourteen races.

SCCA National Sports Car Championship
The SCCA National Sports Car Championship was a sports car racing series organized by the Sports Car Club of America from 1951 until 1964.  It was the first post-World War II sports car series organized in the United States.  An amateur championship, it was eventually replaced by the professional United States Road Racing Championship and the amateur American Road Race of Champions, which continues to this day as the SCCA National Championship Runoffs.
Alexander Frei
Alexander Frei or Alex Frei (born 15 July 1979) is a Swiss professional football coach and a former player who played as a striker. He was most recently head coach of FC Aarau in the Swiss Challenge League, the second tier of Swiss football.

Frei began his career at Basel, going on to various other clubs in Switzerland, France and Germany before returning to his home club, where he won the Swiss Super League title in all four of his seasons, including doubles with the Swiss Cup in 2010 and 2012.

Frei is the all-time leading scorer of the Switzerland national team with 42 goals in 84 games. He represented the country at two UEFA European Championships and as many World Cups.

2010–11 Swiss Super League
The 2010–11 Swiss Super League was the 114th season of top-tier football in Switzerland. It began on 17 July 2010 and ended on 25 May 2011. The league comprised ten teams.

FC Basel successfully defended their league title, maintaining a one-point edge over runners-up FC Zürich at the end of the season. It was the 14th league title overall for the club.
Li Jihong
Li Jihong (李继宏, born 1980) is a Chinese poet, literary translator and critic.  He is known for his literary translations, which includes the Chinese editions of The Kite Runner, Conversations with God, A Thousand Splendid Suns, The Fall of Public Man and many others.

He is the director of a new animation movie of The Little Prince, which is in development by El Pajaro Pictures in Shanghai.

Richard Sennett
Richard Sennett (born 1 January 1943) is an American sociologist who is the Centennial Professor of Sociology at the London School of Economics and former University Professor of the Humanities at New York University. He is currently a Senior Fellow of the Center on Capitalism and Society at Columbia University. Sennett has studied social ties in cities, and the effects of urban living on individuals in the modern world.

He has been a Fellow of The Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and of the Royal Society of Literature. He is the founding director of the New York Institute for the Humanities.
Isaquias Queiroz
Isaquias Queiroz dos Santos (born 3 January 1994), also known as Isaquias Guimarães Queiroz, is a Brazilian sprint canoeist who has competed since 2005. He is the first Brazilian athlete to ever win three medals in a single edition of the Olympic Games, and the second most decorated Brazilian athlete with five medals overall, including a gold medal.

Brazilian Olympic Committee
The Brazilian Olympic Committee (Portuguese: Comitê Olímpico do Brasil; COB) is the highest authority in Brazilian sport and the governing body of Brazilian Olympic sport. It was officially founded on 8 June 1914, but World War I caused its official activities to begin only in 1935.  It was founded at the headquarters of the Brazilian Federation of Rowing Societies (Federação Brasileira das Sociedades de Remo) as an initiative from the Metropolitan League of Athletic Sports (Liga Metropolitana de Esportes Atléticos).

The BOC has multiple sources of income, but its principal means of funding is its 2% share of all the profits from the Brazilian National Lottery and other games of chance. The BOC is presided by Paulo Wanderley Teixeira, and its principal project is the 2016 Summer Olympics held in Rio de Janeiro.
Uterine venous plexus
The uterine plexuses lie along the sides and superior angles of the uterus between the two layers of the broad ligament, and communicate with the ovarian and vaginal plexuses.

They are drained by a pair of uterine veins on either side: these arise from the lower part of the plexuses, opposite the external orifice of the uterus, and open into the corresponding hypogastric vein.

Vasopressors, vasoconstrictor medications may be prescribed to alleviate the associated discomfort by shrinking the affected vein.

Internal iliac vein
The internal iliac vein (hypogastric vein) begins near the upper part of the greater sciatic foramen, passes upward behind and slightly medial to the internal iliac artery and, at the brim of the pelvis, joins with the external iliac vein to form the common iliac vein.
Lough Derg Yacht Club
Lough Derg Yacht Club is a boat club based in the lakeside village of Dromineer in County Tipperary, Ireland. Founded in 1835, it is one of the world's oldest yacht clubs. The club is based in a modern clubhouse on the east shore of Lough Derg.

Lough Derg Yacht Club (LDYC) is one of a limited number of yacht clubs in Ireland with a fleet of Shannon-One-Design sailing dinghies. Other classes of boats sailed at LDYC include: Shannon one-design dinghy (founded 1922), National Squib one-design keelboat, International Laser Class, and International Mirror Class.

LDYC provides covered floating accommodation for fishing boats belonging to its members. The RNLI Lough Derg Lifeboat Station, the first inland lifeboat station to open in Ireland, is also located in the yacht club premises.

Lough Derg (Shannon)
Lough Derg, historically Lough Dergart (Irish: Loch Deirgeirt), is a freshwater lake in the Shannon River Basin, Ireland. It is the third-biggest on the island of Ireland (after Lough Neagh and Lough Corrib) and the second largest lake in the Republic of Ireland.

It is a long, narrow lake, with shores in counties Clare (south-west), Galway (north-west), and Tipperary (to the east). It is the southernmost of three large lakes on the River Shannon; the others being Lough Ree and Lough Allen. Towns and villages on Lough Derg include Portumna, Killaloe & Ballina, Dromineer, Terryglass, Mountshannon and Garrykennedy.

The lake's name evolved from the Irish Loch Deirgdheirc. This was one of the names of The Dagda, the father of gods and men in Irish mythology, and literally means "red eye".

Lough Derg has many islands including Inis Cealtra or Holy Island.