hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Who'd Have Known
"Who'd Have Known" is a song by English singer Lily Allen from her second studio album, It's Not Me, It's You (2009). Written by Allen and Greg Kurstin, while interpolating Take That's single "Shine", the song was released as the fifth and final single from the album on 30 November 2009 by Regal Recordings. Contemporary critics complimented the song and Allen's warm vocals, while the music video portrays her as a groupie of Elton John.

The song is prominently sampled in American rapper T-Pain's 2011 song "5 O'Clock", on which Allen is credited as a featured artist. "Who’d Have Known" was the last single Allen released as lead artist before her five-year hiatus.

Groupie
A groupie is a fan of a particular musical group who follows the band around while they are on tour or who attends as many of their public appearances as possible, with the hope of meeting them. The term is used mostly describing young women, and sometimes men, who follow these individuals aiming to gain fame of their own, or help with behind-the-scenes work, or to initiate a relationship of some kind, intimate or otherwise. The term is also used to describe similarly enthusiastic fans of athletes, writers, and other public figures.
2019 TruNorth Global 250
The 2019 TruNorth Global 250 was a NASCAR Gander Outdoors Truck Series race held on March 23, 2019, at Martinsville Speedway in Ridgeway, Virginia. Contested over 250 laps on the .526 mile (.847 km) paperclip-shaped short track, it was the fourth race of the 2019 NASCAR Gander Outdoors Truck Series season. This was also Travis Kvapil's last start of his NASCAR career.

Ridgeway, Virginia
Ridgeway is a town in Henry County, Virginia, United States. As of the 2020 census, Ridgeway had a population of 752. It is part of the Martinsville Micropolitan Statistical Area. Martinsville Speedway, a NASCAR racetrack, is located just within Ridgeway town limits.
Skoll Foundation
The Skoll Foundation is an American private foundation based in Palo Alto, California. The foundation makes grants and investments intended to reduce global poverty. It was founded by Jeffrey Skoll in 1999. The total assets of the foundation (including its affiliated funds) amount to $1.127 billion as of 2018. The combined entities made grants totaling about $71 million in 2018 (and disbursements of $56 million), based on unaudited numbers reported by the foundation. According to the most recent audited financial statements, the non-grant expenses for the foundation totaled around $17 million in 2018.

Grant (money)
A grant is a fund given by a person or organization, often a public body, charitable foundation, a specialised grant-making institution, or in some cases a business with a corporate social responsibility mission, to an individual or another entity, usually, a non-profit organisation, sometimes a business or a local government body, for a specific purpose linked to public benefit. A funding agreement is often used to reflect the funding and funded parties' understanding of the purpose for which the grant has been given. Unlike loans, grants are not intended to be paid back. Examples include student grants, research grants, the Sovereign Grant paid by the UK Treasury to the monarch, and some European Regional Development Fund payments in the European Union.
Duwaybiq
Duwaybiq (Arabic: دويبق, romanized: Dūvaybık or Arabic: دويبيق, romanized: Duwaybīq; Turkish: Toybuk),  also known as Duniq (Arabic: دونيق, romanized: Dūnīq), is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. Located some 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of the city of Aleppo, it administratively belongs to Nahiya Sawran in Azaz District. Nearby localities include Ihtaimlat 2 km (1.2 mi) to the west, Dabiq 3 km (1.9 mi) to the south, and Turkman Bareh 5 km (3.1 mi) to the southeast.

Sawran Subdistrict, Aleppo Governorate
Sawran Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية صوران, romanized: nāḥiyah Sawran) is a subdistrict of Azaz District in northwestern Aleppo Governorate of northern Syria, on the border with Turkey. The administrative centre is the town of Sawran. Neighbouring subdistricts are Azaz Subdistrict to the west, Akhtarin to the east and Mare' to the south. To the north is the Kilis Province of Turkey.

At the 2004 census, the subdistrict had a population of 30,032.
GREGOR Solar Telescope
GREGOR is a solar telescope, equipped with a 1.5-metre primary mirror, located at 2,390 m altitude at the Teide Observatory on Tenerife in the Canary Islands. It replaces the older Gregory Coudé Telescope and was inaugurated on May 21, 2012. First light, using a 1-metre test mirror, was on March 12, 2009 (2009-03-12).

GREGOR is the third-largest solar telescope in the world, after the Big Bear Observatory and the McMath-Pierce solar telescope. It is aimed at observing the solar photosphere and chromosphere at visible and infrared wavelengths. GREGOR sports a high-order adaptive optics (AO) system with a 256-actuator deformable mirror and a 156-subaperture Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor. Efforts are underway to implement multi-conjugate AO in 2014.

Adaptive optics
Adaptive optics (AO) is a technique of precisely deforming a mirror in order to compensate for light distortion. It is used in astronomical telescopes and laser communication systems to remove the effects of atmospheric distortion, in microscopy, optical fabrication and in retinal imaging systems (ophthalmoscopy) to reduce optical aberrations. Adaptive optics works by measuring the distortions in a wavefront and compensating for them with a device that corrects those errors such as a deformable mirror or a liquid crystal array.

Adaptive optics should not be confused with active optics, which work on a longer timescale to correct the primary mirror geometry.

Other methods can achieve resolving power exceeding the limit imposed by atmospheric distortion, such as speckle imaging, aperture synthesis, and lucky imaging, or by moving outside the atmosphere with space telescopes, such as the Hubble Space Telescope.
Fergus Dunlea
Fergus John Dunlea (born 25 February 1964) is an Irish former rugby union international.

Born in Dublin, Dunlea was educated at Belvedere College and is a dentist by profession.

Dunlea, a fullback, was capped three times for Ireland in the 1989 Five Nations Championship, debuting against Wales in Cardiff. He played for Dublin University, Lansdowne and Leinster during his career. His retirement from rugby was necessitated by a series of head knocks. One such instance occurred in a 1989 match for Leinster when he collided with All Blacks player Va'aiga Tuigamala and was left unconscious for 15 minutes.

Va'aiga Tuigamala
Va'aiga Lealuga Tuigamala Pulelua Fesola'i MNZM (4 September 1969 – 24 February 2022), often known as Inga Tuigamala, was a professional rugby union and rugby league footballer. Born in Western Samoa, he represented New Zealand in rugby union, winning 19 caps, and later Samoa in both rugby league (two caps) and rugby union (23 caps). He played in one rugby league and two rugby union World Cups.

Tuigamala began his career in rugby union, and played provincially for Auckland. He changed codes from rugby union to rugby league, and became an integral part of the successful Wigan team of the 1990s. He returned to rugby union, winning English  championships with London Wasps and Newcastle Falcons.

A centre or wing, he was known as a powerful runner, much larger than most rugby wingers of the time.
Uyghur literature
Uyghur or Uighur literature comprises oral compositions and written texts in the Uyghur language, a Turkic language used primarily by the Uyghur people in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China.

Uyghur writing system observed significant changes by its native writers who switched from Turkic script to Arabic that originally began in the 10th century until the 12th century. This development adopted language reforms from Arabic literature. Yūsuf Balasaguni, Mahmud al-Kashgari, Ahmad Yugnaki, and Ahmad Yasawi were among the leading writers of that time who flourished Uyghur literature by adopting language reforms. Also, Ahmad Yasawi one of the other writers who introduced new genre in Uyghur literature. Yesevi's poetry collection Divan-i hikmet (Book of Wisdom) is composed of various dialects, such as Arabic and Persian, which features Turkic metre.

Language reform
Language reform is a kind of language planning by widespread change to a language. The typical methods of language reform are simplification and linguistic purism. Simplification regularises vocabulary, grammar, or spelling. Purism aligns the language with a form which is deemed 'purer'.

Language reforms are intentional changes to language; this article does not cover natural language change, such as the Great Vowel Shift.
Point Skyhawks
The Point Skyhawks are the athletic teams that represent Point University, located in West Point, Georgia, in intercollegiate sports in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA). The Skyhawks primarily compete in the Southern States Athletic Conference (SSAC). They are affiliate members of the Appalachian Athletic Conference for football.

Its football team was a member of the Sun Conference for the 2014 and 2015 fall seasons, before moving to the Appalachian Division of the Mid-South Conference (MSC) where they competed from the 2017 to 2021 fall seasons. They were also a member of the National Christian College Athletic Association (NCCAA), primarily competing as an independent in the South Region of the Division II level.

On August 9, 2022, Point was invited and unanimously approved to join the Southern States Athletic Conference (SSAC), effective July 1, 2023.

Sun Conference
The Sun Conference (TSC) is a college athletic conference affiliated with the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA). Eight of the ten full member institutions are located in Florida, with two in Georgia. The Sun Conference competes in the NAIA in all sponsored sports.
Claudine Mendy
Claudine Mendy (born 8 January 1990) is a French handball player. She plays for Bourg-de-Péage Drôme Handball and the French national team. In the 2015-2016 season, she would go on to play as a left back for Handball Cercle Nimes.

She participated at the 2009 World Women's Handball Championship in China, winning a silver medal with the French team. Two years later she repeated the achievement, winning another silver medal at the 2011 World Championship. She was also part of the French team at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

She is of Senegalese origin, her parents were born in the African country.

Bourg-de-Péage Drôme Handball
Bourg-de-Péage Drôme Handball was a former French handball club from Bourg-de-Péage, France. The team competed in the French Women's Handball First League from 2017 and played their home matches in Complexe Vercors. The team dissolved in December 2022.
Bhavani Thuraisingham
Bhavani Thuraisingham is the Louis A. Beecherl, Jr. Distinguished Professor of computer science and the executive director of the Cyber Security Research and Education Institute at the University of Texas at Dallas. She is a visiting senior research fellow in the Department of Informatics at King's College London and a 2017–2018 Cyber Security Policy Fellow at New America.

New America (organization)
New America, formerly the New America Foundation, is an American liberal think tank founded in 1999. It focuses on a range of public policy issues, including national security, technology, health, gender, energy, education, and the economy. The organization is based in Washington, D.C., and Oakland, California. Anne-Marie Slaughter is the think tank's chief executive officer.
Graviscalar
In theoretical physics, the hypothetical particle called the graviscalar or radion emerges as an excitation of general relativity's metric tensor, i.e. gravitational field, but is indistinguishable from a scalar in four dimensions, as shown in Kaluza–Klein theory. The scalar field  comes from a component of the metric tensor  where the figure 5 labels an additional fifth dimension.  The only variations in the scalar field represent variations in the size of the extra dimension.  Also, in models with multiple extra dimensions, there exist several such particles.  Moreover, in theories with extended supersymmetry, a graviscalar is usually a superpartner of the graviton that behaves as a particle with spin 0.  This concept closely relates to the gauged Higgs models.

Superpartner
In particle physics, a superpartner (also sparticle) is a class of hypothetical elementary particles predicted by supersymmetry, which, among other applications, is one of the well-studied ways to extend the Standard Model of high-energy physics.

When considering extensions of the Standard Model, the s- prefix from sparticle is used to form names of superpartners of the Standard Model fermions (sfermions), e.g. the stop squark. The superpartners of Standard Model bosons have an -ino (bosinos) appended to their name, e.g. gluino, the set of all gauge superpartners are called the gauginos.
Landscape for a Good Woman
Landscape for a Good Woman: A Story of Two Lives is a non-fiction book by British historian Carolyn Steedman, published by Rutgers University Press in 1987. The book is an autobiographical class analysis which looks at the author's working-class upbringing in UK (1950s London and 1920s Burnley),

Carolyn Steedman
Carolyn Kay Steedman, FBA (born 20 March 1947) is a British historian, specialising in the social and cultural history of modern Britain and exploring labour, gender, class, language and childhood. Since 2013, she has been Emeritus Professor of History at University of Warwick, where she had previously been a Professor of History since 1999.

She's recognized for her work on the concept of archives--particularly the way she responds to Jacques Derrida's idea of the archive.
Ilan Ramon Youth Physics Center
The Ilan Ramon Youth Physics Center was established in honor of Ilan Ramon, Israel's first astronaut. The center was established in 2007 by the Rashi foundation in order to allow high school students that are interested in physics access to high grade laboratory and astronomy equipment. The center is located at the Ben Gurion University of the Negev and hosts students of all ages and of a wide cultural variety.

The objectives of the Center are to advance the study of physics and astronomy in high school; increase the number of pupils who take Physics at matriculation level and improve their matriculation results; establish and operate physics centers in school increase the number of physics and engineering students in academic institutions.

Laboratory
A laboratory (UK: /ləˈbɒrətəri/; US: /ˈlæbrətɔːri/; colloquially lab) is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed. Laboratories are found in a variety of settings such as schools, universities, privately owned research institutions, corporate research and testing facilities, government regulatory and forensic investigation centers,  physicians' offices, clinics, hospitals, regional and national referral centers, and even occasionally personal residences.
Quinton Immelman
Quinton Immelman (born 31 March 1981 in Pretoria, South Africa) is a rugby referee on the Premier Panel of the South African Rugby Union.

In 2016, Immelman was added to the referees' roster for the 2016 Super Rugby season for the first time. Immelman's Super Rugby debut match was between the Sunwolves and Cheetahs, in the Singapore National Stadium, which the Cheetahs narrowly won 32-31. It was also the first ever Super Rugby match to be played in Singapore.
In 2017, he was added to the Pro14 Elite Referees Panel for the 2017–18 Pro14 tournament, he and became the first ever South African referee to officiate in the tournament when he took charge of the Ospreys versus Zebre match in Round One of the competition.

Zebre Parma
Zebre Parma (Italian pronunciation: [ˈdzɛbre], meaning "Zebras") are an Italian professional rugby union team competing in the United Rugby Championship and EPCR competitions from the 2012–13 season. They are based in Parma (Emilia-Romagna), Italy. They are operated by the Italian Rugby Federation (FIR) and replaced Aironi in the Pro12.

Zebre Parma, often referred to as "the XV of the North-West" (Italian: il XV del Nord-Ovest), represents the four committees of Emilia-Romagna, Liguria, Lombardy and Piedmont, which includes tens of thousands of members and several clubs. Since 2018, it represents also teams from others committees like Abruzzo, Lazio, Marche, Tuscany and Sicily. The team was officially named Zebre Parma at the start of the 2021–22 United Rugby Championship season.
World Transplant Games Federation
The World Transplant Games Federation (abbreviated as WTGF) is a United Kingdom-based non-profit organisation that aims to promote amateur sport amongst organ transplant recipients, living donors and donor families. The WTGF promotes the study of transplantation and aims to educate the public and raise awareness of the world shortage of donor organs. It shares new knowledge from biological/clinical studies and promotes the mental and moral improvement for recipients, living donors and donor families; and fosters international friendship and relations.

Established in 1978, the WTGF was formally incorporated in 2017 and is responsible for the organisation of World Transplant Games events, including the Summer Transplant Games and the Winter Transplant Games, both held every two years, on alternate years.

The WTGF is affiliated with the International Olympic Committee (2013 and 2021) and its headquarters are located in Winchester.

Friendship
Friendship is a relationship of mutual affection between people. It is a stronger form of interpersonal bond than an "acquaintance" or an "association", such as a classmate, neighbor, coworker, or colleague.

Although there are many forms of friendship, certain features are common to many such bonds, such as choosing to be with one another, enjoying time spent together, and being able to engage in a positive and supportive role to one another.

Sometimes friends are distinguished from family, as in the saying "friends and family", and sometimes from lovers (e.g., "lovers and friends"), although the line is blurred with friends with benefits (see also unrequited love).

Friendship has been studied in academic fields, such as communication, sociology, social psychology, anthropology, and philosophy. Various academic theories of friendship have been proposed, including social exchange theory, equity theory, relational dialectics, and attachment styles.
Orthonevra bellula
Orthonevra bellula  (Williston, 1882), the Three-lined Mucksucker, is a rare species of syrphid fly found in the Southern California Hoverflies get their names from the ability to remain nearly motionless while in flight The  adults are also  known as flower flies for they are commonly found around and on flowers from which they get both energy-giving nectar and protein-rich pollen. Larvae for this genus are of the rat-tailed type. O. bellula larvae have not been described.

Samuel Wendell Williston
Samuel Wendell Williston (July 10, 1852 – August 30, 1918) was an American educator, entomologist, and paleontologist who was the first to propose that birds developed flight cursorially (by running), rather than arboreally (by leaping from tree to tree). He was a specialist on the flies, Diptera.

He is remembered for Williston's law, which states that parts in an organism, such as arthropod limbs, become reduced in number and specialized in function through evolutionary history.
Alina Wojtas
Alina Wojtas (born 21 March 1987) is a Polish former handball playerwho played for the Polish national team.

She represented Poland at the 2013 World Women's Handball Championship in Serbia.

She is married to Polish soccer player Jakub Świerczok

2013 World Women's Handball Championship
The 2013 World Women's Handball Championship, the 21st event hosted by the International Handball Federation (IHF), was held in Serbia from 6 to 22 December 2013.

Brazil defeated Serbia 22–20 in the final and became the first IHF world champions from the Americas.
Akhiyan Udeek Diyan (Qawwali)
"Akhiyan Udeek Diyan" (Urdu: اخیاں ادیک دیاں transl. "My eyes yearn to see you") is a Punjabi qawwali that was originally composed and performed by Ustad Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan. The lyrics were penned by Khawaja Pervaiz and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan. One of Nusrat's earliest documented live performances of Akhiyan Udeek Diyan took place as part of a medley on his 1979 tour to the UK, and was captured by Oriental Star Agencies Ltd, a British-based Asian music label. The enduring popularity of Akhiyan Udeek Diyan has inspired many artists to create their own cover versions, remakes, and reinterpretations across genres. Notable examples include Rahat Fateh Ali Khan who maintained the traditional qawwali style; an acoustic take by Asfar Hussain, Rizwan Butt, and Hamza Tanveer featured on Nescafe Basement Season 2 in 2016; and a film version by Master Saleem for the 2021 Bollywood movie Shiddat.

Khawaja Pervaiz
Khawaja Pervez (Urdu: خواجہ پرویز; 28 December 1930 – 20 June 2011) was a prominent Pakistani film composer- lyricist and film songwriter for both Urdu and Punjabi language films. His birth name was Khawaja Ghulam Mohiuddin. His professional career spanned over 40 years.
John Durel
John Durel (1625–1683), John Durell, or Jean Durel, was a cleric from Jersey, known for his apologetical writing on behalf of the Church of England. He became Dean of Windsor in 1677. His French translation of the 1662 Book of Common Prayer was used frequently on the Channel Islands through to the 20th century and his 1670 Latin translation had been authorized by Convocation.

Lewis Du Moulin
Lewis Du Moulin (Ludovicus Molinaeus; pseudonym: Ludiomaeus Colvinus; 1606–1680) was a French Huguenot physician and controversialist, who settled in England. He became Camden Professor of History at the University of Oxford.
Church of St. Lawrence, Vantaa
The Church of St. Lawrence (Finnish: Vantaan Pyhän Laurin kirkko; Swedish: Helsinge kyrka S:t Lars) is a church in Vantaa, Finland. 
Dating back to ca. 1450, it is the oldest building in Vantaa and all of Greater Helsinki. It is also the main church of the Tikkurila Parish. Along with its surrounding neighborhood, the church is a part of the Helsingin pitäjän kirkonkylä district, which is one of the best preserved historical parishes in all of Finland.

The Church of St. Lawrence was partially destroyed in a fire on 7 May 1893, after which it was reconstructed in a Gothic Revival style.

Vault (architecture)
In architecture, a vault (French voûte, from Italian volta) is a self-supporting arched form, usually of stone or brick, serving to cover a space with a ceiling or roof. As in building an arch, a temporary support is needed while rings of voussoirs are constructed and the rings placed in position. Until the topmost voussoir, the keystone, is positioned, the vault is not self-supporting. Where timber is easily obtained, this temporary support is provided by centering consisting of a framed truss with a semicircular or segmental head, which supports the voussoirs until the ring of the whole arch is completed.

The Mycenaeans (ca. 1800–1050 BC) were known for their tholos tombs, also called beehive tombs, which were underground structures with conical vaults. This type of vault is one of the earliest evidences of curved brick architecture without the use of stone arches, and its construction represented an innovative technique for covering circular spaces.