hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arlotto of Prato
Arlotto of Prato (died 1286) was an Italian Franciscan theologian. He became Minister General of the Order of Friars Minor at the end of his life.

Arlotto is known also for the Quaestio de Aeternitate Mundi, and as a Biblical scholar. He compiled a Bible concordance, of the Latin Vulgate. This is sometimes cited as the first such. It was in fact based on an earlier thirteenth century work of Hugh of St. Cher. The Jewish Encyclopedia states that Arlotto's work was then used as a model for a Hebrew Bible concordance, by Isaac Nathan ben Kalonymus.

Minister general (Franciscan)
Minister general is the term used for the head or superior general of the different branches of the Order of Friars Minor. It is a term exclusive to the order and comes directly from its founder, St. Francis of Assisi.
Bron (cant)
Bron is an argot (a cant) spoken by itinerant coppersmiths and tinkers in Miranda, Avilés, Asturias, Spain, as well as textile merchants in Fornela, León, Spain (where it is known as burón) and Cantal, Auvergne, France (where it is known as "broum" or "brount"). Despite being endemic to Asturias, both bron and xíriga (spoken by traveling craftsmen) are unrelated to the Asturian language (bable).

Coppersmith
A coppersmith, also known as a brazier, is a person who makes artifacts from copper and brass. Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. The term "redsmith" is used for a tinsmith that uses tinsmithing tools and techniques to make copper items.
Joachim Seelig
Joachim Heinrich Seelig (29 March 1942 – 15 August 2024) was a German and Swiss physical chemist and specialist in NMR Spectroscopy. He was one of the founding fathers of the Biozentrum of the University of Basel. He reached emeritus status in 2012.

Electron paramagnetic resonance
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) or electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy is a method for studying materials that have unpaired electrons. The basic concepts of EPR are analogous to those of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), but the spins excited are those of the electrons instead of the atomic nuclei. EPR spectroscopy is useful for analyzing metal ions and organic radicals (compounds with unpaired electrons). The technique reveals some structural information but often simply provides a characteristic "finger print".  The measurement requires a large magnet into which the sample is placed.  Signals are detected using microwaves.  In contrast to NMR and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, EPR spectroscopy is less common.  For a given sample, some of the parameters of interest are g-values (analogous to chemical shift), anisotropy (asymmetry), hyperfine coupling constants (analogous to coupling constant J), and relaxation times.
South African Light Horse
The South African Light Horse regiment of the British Army were raised in Cape Colony in 1899 and disbanded in 1907.

The commanding officer tasked with raising the regiment was Major (locally a Lieutenant Colonel) the Honourable Julian Byng (10th Hussars) who would go on to rise to the rank of Field Marshal).

The future Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Winston Churchill served as a lieutenant in the SALH from January to July 1900.

Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey)
The Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey) was a line infantry regiment of the English and later the British Army from 1661 to 1959. It was the senior English line infantry regiment of the British Army, behind only the Royal Scots in the British Army line infantry order of precedence.

In 1959, the regiment was amalgamated with the East Surrey Regiment, to form a single county regiment called the Queen's Royal Surrey Regiment which was, on 31 December 1966, amalgamated with the Queen's Own Buffs, The Royal Kent Regiment, the Royal Sussex Regiment and the Middlesex Regiment (Duke of Cambridge's Own) to form the Queen's Regiment. Following a further amalgamation in 1992 with the Royal Hampshire Regiment, the lineage of the regiment is continued today by the Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment (Queen's and Royal Hampshires).
Annabelle (soundtrack)
Annabelle (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack to the 2014 supernatural horror film Annabelle, a prequel to the 2013 film The Conjuring and the second installment in The Conjuring Universe franchise.

The Conjuring Universe
The Conjuring Universe is an American horror franchise and shared universe centered on a series of supernatural horror films. The franchise is produced by New Line Cinema, Atomic Monster, and the Safran Company, and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. The films present a dramatization of the supposedly real-life adventures of Ed and Lorraine Warren, paranormal investigators and authors associated with prominent yet controversial cases of haunting. The main series follows their attempts to help people harassed by spirits, while the spin-off films focus on the origins of some of the entities the Warrens have encountered.

The franchise has been commercially successful, grossing $2.7 billion against a combined budget of $263 million and becoming the highest-grossing horror franchise to date. The franchise has received mixed reviews.
Egyptian Museum (Milan)
The Museo Egizio (Italian pronunciation: [muˈzɛːo eˈdʒittsjo]) or Egyptian Museum is a museum sited in the Sforza Castle of Milan, Italy.  The Castle is one of the most famous monuments in Milan and is home to several museums including the Egyptian Section of the Milan Archaeological Museum, the Museum of Ancient Art, the Pinacoteca and the Museum of Musical Instruments.

Museo d'Arte Antica
The Museo d'Arte Antica ('Museum of Ancient Art') is an art museum in the Castello Sforzesco in Milan, in Lombardy in northern Italy. It has a large collection of sculpture from late antiquity and the medieval and Renaissance periods. The various frescoed rooms of the museum house an armoury, a tapestry room, some funerary monuments, Michelangelo's Rondanini Pietà and two medieval portals.

The Sala Verde ('green room') displays 15th- and 16th-century sculptures, the collection of arms of the Castello Sforzesco and the Portale del Banco Mediceo, a gate removed from Via Bossi. The collection of arms, in the second part of the room, displays sculptures, armour, swords and firearms in chronological sequence from the Middle Ages to the 18th century.

The Sala delle Asse, designed and frescoed by Leonardo da Vinci at the request of Lodovico il Moro, represents the Sforza period of Milan.
Tom Evans (Western Australian politician)
Thomas Daniel Evans (18 April 1929 – 27 February 1995) was an Australian politician who was a Labor Party member of the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia from 1956 to 1980, representing the seat of Kalgoorlie. He served as a minister in the government of John Tonkin, including as treasurer and attorney-general.

Treasurer of Western Australia
Treasurer of Western Australia is the title held by the Cabinet minister who is responsible for the management of Western Australia's public sector finances, and for preparing and delivering the annual state budget. With only rare exceptions, until 2001, the position of treasurer was usually held by the premier of Western Australia.

Up until the government of Philip Collier in 1924, the position was called Colonial Treasurer.
Zliten mosaic
The Zliten mosaic is a Roman floor mosaic from about the 2nd century AD, found in the town of Zliten in Libya, on the east coast of Leptis Magna. The mosaic was discovered by the Italian archaeologist Salvatore Aurigemma in 1913 and is now on display at The Archaeological Museum of Tripoli. It depicts gladiatorial contests, animal hunts, and scenes from everyday life.

Opus vermiculatum
Opus vermiculatum is a method of laying mosaic tesserae to emphasise an outline around a subject. This can be of one or more rows and may also provide background contrast, e.g. as a shadow, sometimes with opus tessellatum. The outline created is often light and offset by a dark background for greater contrast. The name opus vermiculatum literally means "worm-like work", and has been described as one of the most demanding and elaborate forms of mosaic work.  Usually opus vermiculatum is meant to put emphasis on the main design and foreground details of a work, using a smooth and flowing halo-effect. Sometimes it was used only around the head of a figure. The tesserae used were often square but can be variously shaped.
Automatic quartz
Automatic quartz is a collective term describing watch movements that combine a self-winding rotor mechanism (as used in automatic mechanical watches) to generate electricity with a piezoelectric quartz crystal as its timing element. Such movements aim to provide the advantages of quartz without the inconvenience and environmental impact of batteries. Several manufacturers employ this technique.

ETA SA
ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse (ETA SA Swiss Watch Manufacturer) designs and manufactures quartz watches and both hand-wound and automatic-winding mechanical ébauches and movements. Commonly referred to as ETA, the company is headquartered in Grenchen, Switzerland, and is a wholly owned subsidiary of The Swatch Group.

Though ETA was founded by Eterna in 1856 some part of its production line can be traced back to the 1793 founding of Fabriques d’Horlogerie de Fontainemelon (FHF) by David Benguerel, Isaac Benguerel, François Humbert-Droz and Julien Humbert-Droz.

Through a series of mergers, ETA has become the largest manufacturer of Swiss watch movements and controls a virtual monopoly over their production and supply. ETA has undergone several Swiss government investigations due to its market position. To resolve the concerns of Swiss government regulators, ETA has entered into an agreement that governs certain business practices.
Leesburg Transfer Company
The Leesburg Transfer Company was incorporated October 31, 1884, in Leesburg, Florida, by Joseph A. Earman, to build and operate two miles of horse railroad in Leesburg connecting the various railroad depots with the steamer landing on Lake Harris. Earman was President, and Charles L. Myers was Secretary and Manager. Earman was also the proprietor of the Grand Central Hotel and a livery and sale stable at the corner of Magnolia and 3rd streets. A picture in the Florida State Archives shows 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge tracks in Main Street in the 1880s.

Leesburg, Florida
Leesburg is a city in Lake County, Florida, United States. As of 2020, the population had exactly 27,000 residents.

Leesburg is in central Florida, between Lake Harris and Lake Griffin, at the head of the Ocklawaha River. It is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Lake–Sumter State College and Beacon College are located in Leesburg.
Rejhan Kurtović
Rejhan R. Kurtović (Serbian Cyrillic: Рејхан Р. Куртовић; born 12 October 1986) is a Serbian academic and politician from the country's Bosniak community. He has served in the Serbian national assembly and is currently a state secretary in the Serbian government. Kurtović is a member of the Justice and Reconciliation Party (SPP).

Justice and Reconciliation Party
The Justice and Reconciliation Party (Bosnian: Stranka pravde i pomirenja; Serbian: Странка правде и помирења; abbr. SPP), formerly known as the Bosniak Democratic Union of Sandžak (Bosnian: Bošnjačka demokratska zajednica Sandžaka; Serbian: Бошњачка демократска заједница Санџака; abbr. BDZS), is a political party in Serbia, representing the Bosniak ethnic minority concentrated in the Sandžak region of Serbia.
Valopicitabine
Valopicitabine (NM-283) is an antiviral drug which was developed as a treatment for hepatitis C, though only progressed as far as Phase III clinical trials. It acts as an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor. It is a prodrug which is converted inside the body to the active form, 2'-C-methylcytidine triphosphate.

Antiviral drug
Antiviral drugs are a class of medication used for treating viral infections. Most antivirals target specific viruses, while a broad-spectrum antiviral is effective against a wide range of viruses. Antiviral drugs are a class of antimicrobials, a larger group which also includes antibiotic (also termed antibacterial), antifungal and antiparasitic drugs, or antiviral drugs based on monoclonal antibodies. Most antivirals are considered relatively harmless to the host, and therefore can be used to treat infections. They should be distinguished from virucides, which are not medication but deactivate or destroy virus particles, either inside or outside the body. Natural virucides are produced by some plants such as eucalyptus and Australian tea trees.
2017 Atlantic Hockey men's ice hockey tournament
The 2017 Atlantic Hockey Tournament is the 13th Atlantic Hockey Tournament. It was played between March 3 and March 18, 2017 at home campus locations and at the Blue Cross Arena in Rochester, New York. The tournament champion Air Force was granted Atlantic Hockey's automatic bid to the 2017 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.

Blue Cross Arena
Blue Cross Arena, also known as the War Memorial, is a multi-purpose indoor arena located in Rochester, New York. For hockey and lacrosse, its seating capacity is 10,662. The arena opened on October 18, 1955, as the Rochester Community War Memorial. It was renovated in the mid-1990s and reopened as The Blue Cross Arena at the War Memorial, on September 18, 1998. It is home to the Rochester Americans of the American Hockey League and the Rochester Knighthawks of the National Lacrosse League.
Ostoja Danielewicz
The Danielewicz family of Clan Ostoja originates probably from Russian boyar Daniel Aleksandrowicz's son Vladimir Danielewicz, that settled down in Lithuania. Danielewicz is a patronymic surname, meaning descendants of Daniel or Danilo. The family is associated with the Clan of Ostoja and Ostoja Coat of Arms.

Order of the White Eagle (Poland)
The Order of the White Eagle (Polish: Order Orła Białego) is the highest honour of the Republic of Poland and formerly the Second Polish Republic and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and one of the oldest state decorations in the world still in use. It was officially instituted on 1 November 1705 by Augustus II the Strong, King of Poland and Elector of Saxony, and bestowed on eight of his closest diplomatic and political supporters. It has since been awarded to the most distinguished Poles for their merits and occasionally to the heads of state of foreign countries.

The Order of the White Eagle is attached to an azure sash slung over the left shoulder to the right side. The star of the Order, formerly embroidered, is worn on the left side of the chest. Unlike other Polish high decorations, the Order of the White Eagle does not have different classes or crosses.
Raudeggi
Raudeggi is a mountain in Skjåk Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,938-metre (6,358 ft) tall mountain is located in the Strynefjellet mountains and inside the Breheimen National Park, about 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) southwest of the village of Grotli and 23 kilometres (14 mi) northeast of the village of Oppstryn. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Langvasseggi to the northwest, Kvitlenova to the west, Mårådalsfjellet to the south, and Sandåtinden and Skridalaupen to the southwest. The glacier Raudeggbreen is located on the north side of the mountain.

Grotli
Grotli is a village in Skjåk Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located in the Billingsdalen valley at the east end of the lake Breiddalsvatnet, about 40 kilometres (25 mi) west of the village of Bismo. The area has a hotel and skiing centre as well as a few permanent residents and a number of holiday cottages. The Norwegian National Road 15 runs through the village.
Cairo (graphics)
Cairo (stylized as cairo) is an open-source graphics library that provides a vector graphics-based, device-independent API for software developers. It provides primitives for two-dimensional drawing across a number of different backends. Cairo uses hardware acceleration when available.

SVG
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is an XML-based vector graphics format for defining two-dimensional graphics, having support for interactivity and animation. The SVG specification is an open standard developed by the World Wide Web Consortium since 1999.

SVG images are defined in a vector graphics format and stored in XML text files. SVG images can thus be scaled in size without loss of quality, and SVG files can be searched, indexed, scripted, and compressed. The XML text files can be created and edited with text editors or vector graphics editors, and are rendered by most web browsers. SVG can include JavaScript, potentially leading to cross-site scripting.
Drug policy of Nazi Germany
The generally tolerant official drug policy in the Third Reich, the period of Nazi control of Germany from the 1933 Machtergreifung to Germany's 1945 defeat in World War II, was inherited from the Weimar government which was installed in 1919 following the dissolution of the German monarchy at the end of World War I.

D-IX
D-IX is a methamphetamine-based experimental performance enhancer developed by Nazi Germany in 1944 for military application. The researcher who rediscovered this project, Wolf Kemper, said, "the aim was to use D-IX to redefine the limits of human endurance." One dose contained 5 mg oxycodone (brand name Eukodal, an analgesic opioid), 5 mg cocaine, and 3 mg methamphetamine (brand name Pervitin).

German doctors were enthusiastic about the results, and planned to supply all German troops with the pills, but the war ended before D-IX could be put into mass production, though it did see limited use among a handful of Neger and Biber pilots.
Air sports at the 2025 World Games – Qualification
This article details the qualifying phase for air sports at the 2025 World Games. The qualification pathway will be determined primarily based on the rankings maintained by the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FIA).

Air sports at the 2025 World Games
The air sports competition at the 2025 World Games took place from 14 to 16 August 2025 at the Dong'an Lake Sports Park Athletics Field in Chengdu, China. The discipline only had a mixed drone racing event, dropping the parachuting event that also took place during the previous games.
Chu (Taoism)
Chu (廚, lit. 'kitchen') is a Daoist name used for various religious practices including communal chu (Kitchen) banquet rituals in Way of the Celestial Masters liturgy, the legendary xingchu (行廚, Mobile Kitchen) associated with Daoist xian ("transcendents; 'immortals'"), and wuchu (五廚, Five Kitchens) representing the wuzang (五臟, Five Viscera) in neidan meditation techniques.

Baopuzi
Baopuzi (simplified Chinese: 抱朴子; traditional Chinese: 抱樸子) is a literary work written by Ge Hong (AD 283–343), (Chinese: 葛洪; Wade–Giles: Ko Hung), a scholar during the turbulent Jin dynasty.

Baopuzi is divided into two main sections, the esoteric Neipian (Chinese: 內篇,; lit. 'Inner Chapters') and the section intended for the public to understand: Waipian (Chinese: 外篇; lit. ''Outer Chapters''). The Taoist Inner Chapters discuss topics such as techniques to achieve "hsien" (Chinese: 仙; lit. 'immortality', 'transcendence'), Chinese alchemy, elixirs, and demonology. The Confucian Outer Chapters discuss Chinese literature, Legalism, politics, and society.
Joseph Bailey (congressman)
Joseph Bailey (March 18, 1810 – August 26, 1885) was an American politician from Pennsylvania who served as a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives for Pennsylvania's 16th congressional district from 1861 to 1863 and for Pennsylvania's 15th congressional district from 1863 to 1865.

He served as a member of the Pennsylvania State Senate for the 1st district from 1843 to 1844 and the 4th district from 1851 to 1853.  He served as Pennsylvania State Treasurer from 1854 to 1855 and as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from 1840 to 1841.

Treasurer of Pennsylvania
The treasurer of Pennsylvania is the head of the Pennsylvania Treasury Department, an independent department of the commonwealth's government. The treasurer is elected every four years. The current treasurer is Republican Stacy Garrity.
Judicial police
The judicial police, judiciary police, or justice police are (depending on both country and legal system) either a branch, separate police agency or type of duty performed by law enforcement structures in a country. The term judiciary police is mostly a functional title, a role which is assumed by elements of the larger police force who act under direct guidance of the prosecutor. They exist primarily to provide evidence to the prosecutor. They can arrest and interrogate suspects, conduct lineups, question witnesses, and even interrogate non-suspects.

Interior ministry
An interior ministry or ministry of the interior (also called ministry of home affairs or ministry of internal affairs) is a government department that is responsible for domestic policy, public security and law enforcement.

In some states, the interior ministry is entrusted with the functions of ensuring national security, immigration issues and protecting places of detention.

Structurally, an interior ministry is part of the highest bodies of executive power and reports directly to the head of government. In states with a federal structure, the ministry often has branches at the level of states or federal subjects.
Hemiaminal
In organic chemistry, a hemiaminal (also carbinolamine) is a functional group or type of chemical compound that has a hydroxyl group and an amine attached to the same carbon atom: −C(OH)(NR2)−. R can be hydrogen or an alkyl group. Hemiaminals are intermediates in imine formation from an amine and a carbonyl by alkylimino-de-oxo-bisubstitution.  Hemiaminals can be viewed as a blend of aminals and geminal diol. They are a special case of amino alcohols.

Carbonyl group
In organic chemistry, a carbonyl group is a functional group with the formula C=O, composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom, and it is divalent at the C atom. It is common to several classes of organic compounds (such as aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acid), as part of many larger functional groups. A compound containing a carbonyl group is often referred to as a carbonyl compound.

The term carbonyl can also refer to carbon monoxide as a ligand in an inorganic or organometallic complex (a metal carbonyl, e.g. nickel carbonyl).

The remainder of this article concerns itself with the organic chemistry definition of carbonyl, such that carbon and oxygen share a double bond.
Tunable metamaterial
A tunable metamaterial is a metamaterial with a variable response to an incident electromagnetic wave. This includes remotely controlling how an incident electromagnetic wave (EM wave) interacts with a metamaterial.  This translates into the capability to determine whether the EM wave is  transmitted, reflected, or absorbed. In general, the lattice structure of the tunable metamaterial is adjustable in real time, making it possible to reconfigure a metamaterial device during operation. It encompasses  developments beyond the bandwidth limitations in left-handed materials by constructing various types of metamaterials. The ongoing research in this domain includes electromagnetic band gap metamaterials (EBG), also known as photonic band gap (PBG), and negative refractive index material (NIM).

Reflection coefficient
In physics and electrical engineering the reflection coefficient is a parameter that describes how much of a wave is reflected by an impedance discontinuity in the transmission medium.  It is equal to the ratio of the amplitude of the reflected wave to the incident wave, with each expressed as phasors.  For example, it is used in optics to calculate the amount of light that is reflected from a surface with a different index of refraction, such as a glass surface, or in an electrical transmission line to calculate how much of the electromagnetic wave is reflected by an impedance discontinuity. The reflection coefficient is closely related to the transmission coefficient. The reflectance of a system is also sometimes called a reflection coefficient.

Different disciplines have different applications for the term.