hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chablais Alps
The Chablais Alps or Chablais Massive (French: Massif du Chablais, pronounced [masif dy ʃablɛ], [ʃable]) are a mountain range in the Western Alps. They are situated between Lake Geneva and the Mont Blanc Massif. The Col des Montets separates them from the Mont Blanc Massif in the south, and the Rhône valley separates them from the Bernese Alps in the east.

The Chablais Alps are composed of two distinct parts separated by the Val d'Illiez: the Dents du Midi massif on the south which contains the highest peaks, and the alpine foothills on the north.

Col des Montets
Col des Montets (elevation 1,461 m or 4,793 ft) is a mountain pass in the French Alps in the Haute-Savoie department of France. It is on the road between Chamonix, the Swiss Col de la Forclaz and Martigny in the canton of Valais, Switzerland.

The pass is generally open in winter, but it can be closed in extreme weather and frequently requires snow chains and/or winter tires. Conditions can be checked with Chamonix tourist office. The railway tunnel of the Saint-Gervais–Vallorcine railway
has been modified to also carry road traffic on a convoy basis between trains when the pass is closed.

Elizabeth Robins Pennell bicycled through the pass in the 1890s.

The pass appeared in the Tour de France five times from 1959 to 1977: Charly Gaul was the first rider to cross the pass in 1959.
E5 (European Group of Five)
The European Group of Five (E5) is a meeting of the Defence Ministers of Europe's five biggest defence spenders and largest military powers.

It was inaugerated in November 2024 in response to increased calls for European rearmament and increased leadership by Europe in providing support to Ukraine. Since its inauguration the E5 has met seven times (five times in 2025), and pledged to deepen cooperation across a number of areas. Representatives from NATO and the EU are usually also present at meetings of the format.

It is similar in provenance and purpose to the Weimar+ format which it pre-dates, but without including Spain, due to their low defence spending. Commentators have discussed the format "increasingly becoming the relevant forum to strengthen political and military cooperation on the continent."

Boris Pistorius
Boris Ludwig Pistorius (German: [ˈbɔʁɪs pɪsˈtoːʁiʊs]; born 14 March 1960) is a German lawyer and politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) who has been serving as Federal Minister of Defence in the governments of successive Chancellors Olaf Scholz and Friedrich Merz since 2023, making him the only minister of the Scholz cabinet to retain his position. He is considered to be amongst the most popular politicians in Germany, receiving significant popular approval ever since his appointment to the Defence Ministry.

Since the 2025 federal election, he is a member of the 21st Bundestag. Earlier in his career, Pistorius was a member of the State Parliament of Lower Saxony, and served as State Minister for Interior and Sports in the state government of Lower Saxony (Cabinet Weil II) from 2013 to 2017. From 2006 to 2013, Pistorius was Lord Mayor of Osnabrück.
Kerala Literature Festival
Kerala Literature Festival (KLF), founded in 2016, is an annual literary festival held on the beaches of Kozhikode, Kerala, India. 
The 9th and the latest edition of KLF was held from January 22–25, 2026. Kerala Literature Festival is organized by the DC Kizhakemuri Foundation, a philanthropic organization founded in 2001 as a tribute to late D.C. Kizhakemuri , a freedom fighter, social activist, writer, and publisher. He was instrumental in the abolishment of sales tax on books. Kerala Literature Festival (KLF) is endorsed and supported by the Government of Kerala, Kerala Tourism , and Culture Department. 
Renowned poet – critic Prof. K. Satchidanandan is the Festival Director along with Publisher Ravi Deecee of DC Books is the Chief Facilitator. The editorial team of DC Books works closely with KLF on the content.

Manu S. Pillai
Manu S. Pillai (born 28th February 1990) is an Indian writer and popular historian. He is known for his works covering the history of India from late medieval through colonial times, with his debut book, The Ivory Throne, winning the Sahitya Akademi Yuva Puraskar.
Denzil Onslow of Stoughton
Denzil Onslow of Stoughton (c. 1698 – 15 November 1765) of Mickleham, Surrey was a British politician. A member of the influential Onslow family of Surrey, he held a number of lucrative Government posts, and died owing a relatively large sum to the Treasury through mismanagement of his accounts.

Mickleham, Surrey
Mickleham is a village in south east England, between the towns of Dorking and Leatherhead in Surrey. The civil parish covers 7.31 square kilometres (1,810 acres) and includes the hamlet of Fredley. The larger ecclesiastical parish includes the majority of the neighbouring village of Westhumble, from which Mickleham is separated by the River Mole.
Klavs
Klavs is a predominantly Danish masculine given name; which is a variant of Klaus. People bearing the name Klavs include:

Klāvs Čavars (born 1996), Latvian basketball player

Klavs Jørn Christensen (born 1961), Danish sport shooter

Klavs F. Jensen (born 1952), Danish chemical engineer

Klavs Bruun Jørgensen (born 1974), Danish handball player and coach

Klavs Neerbek (born 1944), Danish author, entrepreneur. chemist and interlingua promoter

Klavs Randsborg (1913–2016), Danish archaeologist

Klavs Rasmussen (born 1966), Danish football manager

Klavs Jørn Christensen
Klavs Jørn Christensen (born 24 September 1961 in Aarhus) is a Danish sport shooter. He competed in rifle shooting events at the Summer Olympics in 1988 and 1992. He is currently coaching in Singapore as the Rifle Team coach.
Mladen Srbinović
Mladen Srbinović (Sušica near Gostivar, 29 November 1925 — Belgrade, 12 May 2009) was a Serbian painter, member of the Arts and Sciences academies of Serbia and Macedonia and professor of Belgrade University.

University of Belgrade
The University of Belgrade (Serbian: Универзитет у Београду / Univerzitet u Beogradu) is a public research university in Belgrade, Serbia. It is the oldest and largest modern university in Serbia.

Founded in 1808 as the Belgrade Higher School in revolutionary Serbia, it merged with the Kragujevac-based departments by 1838 to form a single university. The university has around 59,600 enrolled students and over 4,600 academic staff members. Since its founding, the university has educated more than 378,000 bachelors, approximately 25,100 master's, 29,000 specialists, and 14,670 doctors. The university comprises 31 faculties, 12 research institutes, the university library, and 9 university centres. The faculties are organized into four groups: social sciences and humanities; medical sciences; natural sciences and mathematics; and technological sciences.
Thomasia gardneri
Thomasia gardneri, commonly known as Mount Holland thomasia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae and was endemic to a restricted area of Western Australia, but is now considered to be extinct. It was a low, erect shrub with scaly, narrowly egg-shaped leaves and racemes of pink flowers.

Malvaceae
Malvaceae (/mælˈveɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include cacao, cola, cotton, okra, roselle and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ornamentals, such as Alcea (hollyhock), Malva (mallow), and Tilia (lime or linden tree). The genera with the largest numbers of species include Hibiscus (434 species), Pavonia (291 species), Sida (275 species), Ayenia (216 species), Dombeya (197 species), and Sterculia (181 species).
Donguz explosion
The Donguz explosion was an incident at the Donguz test site, in 2012, when more than 4000 tonnes of ammunition delivered for disposal blew up.

Some sources reported three separate blasts. Bombs, artillery shells, and Uragan missiles were involved. The ammunition was on a train, or had just been unloaded, in the arms depot.

Initially, emergency services said that the explosions were caused by somebody smoking, and that one person was injured, and many nearby homes damaged. Defence officials said that the ammunition blew up spontaneously and that no homes were damaged. The Emergencies Ministry said the explosion was caused by burning packaging.

Emergency services attempted to evacuate local people, but most refused: "The residents were more afraid of looters than the explosions."

The incident happened only two weeks after the head of a local munitions-disposal team was killed.

BM-27 Uragan
The BM-27 Uragan (Russian: БМ-27 Ураган, lit. 'Hurricane'; GRAU index 9P140) is a self-propelled 220 mm multiple rocket launcher designed in the Soviet Union to deliver cluster munitions. The system began its service with the Soviet Army in the late 1970s, and was its first spin and fin stabilized heavy multiple rocket launcher.

An updated version known as Uragan-1M was commissioned in 2008. The truck vehicle has no similarities.
Porklips Now
Porklips Now is a short, low budget parody film, made in 1980 by the American director Ernie Fosselius, based on the 1979 motion picture Apocalypse Now.

It chronicles the journey of Dullard (played by William "Billy" Gray, most famous as "Bud" in the Father Knows Best TV series), a gardener and handyman, sent to Chinatown by two butchers to meet a business rival, Fred "Madman" Mertz, and "take care of business". The film cleverly and humorously incorporates references to signature elements of the film on which it is based, albeit in a somewhat conspicuously low-budget manner.

Echoing a widely held if erroneous belief about Apocalypse Now, the film features several alternate endings.

The film was included on the compilation VHS release Hardware Wars, and Other Film Farces from Warner Home Video and is currently available on VHS and DVD from Pyramid Direct Films.

Father Knows Best
Father Knows Best is an American sitcom starring Robert Young, Jane Wyatt, Elinor Donahue, Billy Gray and Lauren Chapin. The series, which began on radio in 1949, aired as a television show for six seasons and 203 episodes. Created by Ed James, Father Knows Best follows the lives of the Andersons, a middle-class family living in the town of Springfield. The state in which Springfield is located is never specified, but it is generally accepted to be located in the Midwestern United States.

The television series debuted on CBS in October 1954. It ran for one season and was canceled by CBS but picked up by NBC, where it remained for three seasons. After cancellation by NBC in 1958, the series returned to CBS, where it aired until May 1960.
Gambian Cup
The Gambian Cup is the top knockout tournament of the Gambian football. The current champion is Real Banjul who won their four title in 2019. The winner competes in the Gambian Super Cup and also qualifies into the CAF Confederation Cup each season, if the national league champion also wins the FA cup then the second placed cup club competes.

Wallidan FC has won the most titles, 24.

Hawks FC
Hawks Football Club is a Gambian-based first division club with its clubhouse in Kanifing. They play in the Gambia Football Federation's premier division league, called the first division. Hawks is currently the only Gambian football club that has teams playing in all three divisions of the Gambian leagues. The senior team, being Hawks FC, plays in the first division; the second team, Red Hawks FC, which serves as a feeder to the first team, plays in the second division; while the third team, Young Hawks, plays in the third division.
2019 Suncorp Super Netball season
The 2019 Suncorp Super Netball season was the third season of the premier netball league in Australia. The season began on 27 April and concluded on 15 September 2019, however it was suspended for most of the month of July due to the Netball World Cup, which was played in Liverpool.

The New South Wales Swifts won the premiership, defeating two-time defending premiers Sunshine Coast Lightning by 17 goals in the Grand Final at the Brisbane Entertainment Centre.

Super Netball Grand Final Most Valuable Player
The Super Netball Grand Final Most Valuable Player (MVP) is an annual Super Netball award in Australia. It is awarded to the best player of the SSN Grand Final.

Karla Mostert (now Karla Pretorius) won the inaugural award in 2017.
Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection
The secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI) is the head of the aforementioned body. The office is a leading political position, and the officeholder has been a member of the Politburo Standing Committee, the highest decision-making body of the Chinese Communist Party, since 19 September 1997. The current secretary is Li Xi, who was elected by the 1st Plenary Session of the 20th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection on 23 October 2022 and approved by the 20th Central Committee on the same day. The role is roughly analogous to that of the chairman of the Central Control Commission in other communist countries.

An ad-hoc Central Control Committee was established by the 7th National Congress in 1945, but the 7th Central Committee never elected it.

7th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party
The 7th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was convened from April 23 to June 11, 1945, in Yan'an, Shaanxi. It took place near the end of the Second Sino-Japanese War during a period of uneasy truce between the Kuomintang and Communist parties, with each maintaining their headquarters in different regions of China. It was preceded by the 6th National Congress and followed by the 8th National Congress.
WRRJ
WRRJ (89.7 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve the community of Cocoa Beach, Florida. The station is owned by Black Media Works, Inc., and airs a reggae/island music format.

The station was assigned the WRRJ call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on June 4, 2015.

2015 in radio
The following is a list of events that affected radio broadcasting in 2015. Events listed include radio program debuts, finales, cancellations, station launches, closures and format changes, as well as information about controversies.
HMS Afridi
Two ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Afridi, after the Afridi ethnic group in present-day Pakistan:

HMS Afridi (1907) was a Tribal-class destroyer launched in 1907 and sold in 1919. She was wrecked in 1920.

HMS Afridi (F07) was a Tribal-class destroyer launched in 1937. She was sunk by German air attack in 1940.

Tribal-class destroyer (1905)
The Tribal or F class was a class of destroyers built for the Royal Navy. Twelve ships were built between 1905 and 1908 and all saw service during World War I, where they saw action in the North Sea and English Channel as part of the 6th Flotilla and Dover Patrols.
Adria oil pipeline
Adria oil pipeline (Croatian: Jadranski naftovod, Hungarian: Adria-kőolajvezeték, Serbian: Јадрански нафтовод / Jadranski naftovod; also known as Yugoslav pipeline and JANAF pipeline) is a crude oil pipeline in Croatia, Serbia, and Hungary with branch lines to Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Lendava
Lendava (pronounced [ˈléːndaʋa] ⓘ; formerly Dolnja Lendava, in older sources also Dolenja Lendava; Hungarian: Lendva, formerly Alsólendva; German: Lindau, formerly Unter-Limbach) is a town in Slovenia in the region of Prekmurje. It is the seat of the Municipality of Lendava. It forms part of the border crossing with Hungary at Dolga Vas–Rédics and it is near the border with Croatia at Mursko Središće. Alongside Slovene, Hungarian serves as an official language of the municipality.

The town is the centre of the Hungarian minority in Slovenia. It is also known for the monumental theater and Hungarian Community Centre designed by the architect Imre Makovecz.
Francisco Javier Carrillo
Francisco Javier Carrillo Gamboa is an international researcher and practitioner in knowledge management, capital systems, knowledge cities and knowledge for the Anthropocene. He is the creator of the triadic KM Model, the concept of capital systems, and a taxonomy of knowledge markets as well as the founder of the international think tank World Capital Institute.

Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education
Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education (ITESM; Spanish: Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey), also known as the Technological Institute of Monterrey (Spanish: Tecnológico de Monterrey) or simply Tec, is a private research university based in Monterrey, Mexico. It has expanded to include 35 campuses across 25 cities in the country and 22 liaison offices in 15 other countries.

The university was founded in 1943 by Eugenio Garza Sada, who was educated at MIT in the United States. Eugenio Garza Sada was an industrialist and philanthropist from Monterrey.

ITESM was the first university outside the U.S. to establish an internet connection in the Western Hemisphere, linking the University of Texas at San Antonio directly.
Jan Matouš
Jan Matouš (born 30 May 1961) is a Czech former biathlete who competed for Czechoslovakia. At the 1987 World Championships in Lake Placid, New York. Matouš won a bronze medal in the 20 km individual. He also won a silver medal in the team competition at the 1990 World Championships in Minsk. Matouš's best Olympic placing was a 9th place in the sprint event at the 1984 Olympics in Sarajevo.

Lake Placid, New York
Lake Placid is a village in Essex County, New York, United States, within the Adirondack Mountains. Its population was 2,205 at the 2020 census. Lake Placid became known internationally for hosting the 1932 and the 1980 Winter Olympics. Lake Placid has also hosted the 1972 and 2023 Winter World University Games, as well as the 2000 Goodwill Winter Games. The village is near the center of the town of North Elba, 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Plattsburgh.
Penta-graphene
Penta-graphene is a hypothetical carbon allotrope composed entirely of carbon pentagons and resembling the Cairo pentagonal tiling. Penta-graphene was proposed in 2014 on the basis of analyses and simulations. Further calculations predicted that it is unstable in its pure form, but can be stabilized by hydrogenation. Due to its atomic configuration, penta-graphene has an unusually negative Poisson’s ratio and very high ideal strength believed to exceed that of a similar material, graphene.

Penta-graphene contains both sp2 and sp3 hybridized carbon atoms. Contrary to graphene, which is a good conductor of electricity, penta-graphene is predicted to be an insulator with an indirect band gap of 4.1–4.3 eV. Its hydrogenated form is called penta-graphane. It has a diamond-like structure with sp3 and no sp2 bonds, and therefore a wider band gap (ca. 5.8 eV) than penta-graphene. Chiral penta-graphene nanotubes have also been studied as metastable allotropes of carbon.

Direct and indirect band gaps
In semiconductors, the band gap of a semiconductor can be of two basic types, a direct band gap or an indirect band gap.   The minimal-energy state in the conduction band and the maximal-energy state in the valence band are each characterized by a certain crystal momentum (k-vector) in the Brillouin zone. If the k-vectors are different, the material has an "indirect gap". The band gap is called "direct" if the crystal momentum of electrons and holes is the same in both the conduction band and the valence band; an electron can directly emit a photon. In an "indirect" gap, a photon cannot be emitted because the electron must pass through an intermediate state and transfer momentum to the crystal lattice.

Examples of direct bandgap materials include hydrogenated amorphous silicon and some III–V materials such as InAs and GaAs. Indirect bandgap materials include crystalline silicon and Ge. Some III–V materials are indirect bandgap as well, for example AlSb.
Justin Kimball (photographer)
Justin Kimball (born 1961) is an American photographer, educator, and artist. He currently teaches at Amherst College as the Conway Professor in New Media.

Museums which have collected Kimball's work include: The National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C., the J. Paul Getty Museum in Los Angeles, California, and the Cleveland Museum of Art in Cleveland, Ohio.

Sandra S. Phillips
Sandra S. "Sandy" Phillips (born 1945) is an American writer, and curator working in the field of photography. She is the Curator Emeritus of Photography at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. She joined the museum as curator of photography in 1987 and was promoted to senior curator of photography in 1999 in acknowledgement of her considerable contributions to SFMOMA.  A photographic historian and former curator at the Vassar College Art Gallery in Poughkeepsie, N.Y., Phillips succeeded Van Deren Coke as head of one of the country’s most active departments of photography. Phillips stepped down from her full time position in 2016.

Peter Galassi, chief curator of photography at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, said "I think she is one of the best photography curators that anybody has ever known."
Bpm:tv
bpm:tv (beats per minute television) was a Canadian English language specialty channel owned by Stornoway Communications. bpm:tv's programming was devoted to dance music, club lifestyle, and the EDM genre - electronica, house, techno, eurodance, trance.

Eurodance
Eurodance (sometimes referred to as Euro-NRG) is a genre of electronic dance music that originated in the late 1980s in Europe. It combines many elements of rap, techno and Eurodisco. This genre of music is heavily influenced by the use of rich vocals, sometimes with rapped verses. This, combined with cutting-edge synthesizers, strong bass rhythm and melodic hooks, establishes the core foundation of Eurodance music.
Martin Ruter
Martin Ruter (April 3, 1785 - May 16, 1838) was a Methodist minister, missionary and educator.

The son of a blacksmith, Ruter was born in Massachusetts but moved with his family to Vermont at an early age. Largely self-educated, he read English literature and taught himself Hebrew, Greek, Latin, and French. After being called into the ministry, he joined the New York Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1801 and received his elder's orders from Bishop Francis Asbury in 1805.

Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas
Washington-on-the-Brazos, also known simply as Washington, is an unincorporated community along the Brazos River in Washington County, Texas, United States. The town is best known for being the site of the Convention of 1836 and the signing of the Texas Declaration of Independence.

The town is named for Washington, Georgia, itself named for George Washington. It is officially known as just "Washington," but after the Civil War came to be known as "Washington-on-the-Brazos" to distinguish the settlement from "Washington-on-the-Potomac," Washington, D.C.