hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Peoples Independent Civic Organisation
The Peoples Independent Civic Organisation (TPICO) is a minor political party in the West Coast District Municipality in South Africa. It had one councillor on the council of the Matzikama Local Municipality and one on the council of the Swartland Local Municipality between 2011 and 2016. In Matzikama it formed part of the governing coalition with the African National Congress and the New Generation Party until the Democratic Alliance won control of the council in 2016.

Matzikama Local Municipality
Matzikama Municipality (Afrikaans: Matzikama Munisipaliteit) is a local municipality which governs the northernmost part of the Western Cape province of South Africa, including the towns of Vredendal, Vanrhynsdorp, Klawer and Lutzville, and the surrounding villages and rural areas. As of 2022, it had a population of 69,043. It forms part of the West Coast District Municipality, and its municipality code is WC011.

Matzikama is of Khoekhoe origin, the first people of South Africa. It contains the Khoekhoe language words ma which means "give", tsî which means "you", and ǁgamma which means "water", and loosely translates into "you that give water".
Sylke Otto
Sylke Otto (born 7 July 1969) is a German former luger who competed from 1991 to 2007. She was born in Karl-Marx-Stadt. Competing in three Winter Olympics, she won the gold medal in the women's singles event in 2002 and 2006.

Otto won twelve medals at the FIL World Luge Championships with six golds (Women's singles: 2000, 2001, 2003, 2005; Mixed team: 2003, 2005), three silvers (Mixed team: 1997, 2000, 2001), and three bronzes (Women's singles: 1999, 2004; Mixed team: 1999).

She also won eight medals at the FIL European Luge Championships with five golds (Women's singles: 2000, 2002; Mixed team: 1990, 1992, 2000), two silvers (Women's singles: 1992, Mixed team: 2002), and one bronze (Women's singles: 2004). Otto finished in the top three of the Luge World Cup standings every year from 1999 to 2006, winning the overall title four times (1994-5, 1999–2000, 2002–3, 2003–4). She won a record 37 World Cup races in total during her career.

FIL European Luge Championships 2000
The FIL European Luge Championships 2000 took place in Winterberg, Germany for the third time having hosted the event previously in 1982 and 1992. The team event format was reduced to one run each in men's doubles, men's singles, and women's singles for the total time.
Vyacheslav Bykov
Vyacheslav Arkadevich "Slava" Bykov (Russian: Вячеслав Аркадьевич Быков, born 24 July 1960) is a Russian former professional ice hockey player and a former head coach of the Russian national hockey team. A small, technically gifted center, he was a regular fixture on the Soviet national ice hockey team in the 1980s; after the fall of the Soviet Union, he played for the Russian team in the 1990s. He was drafted by the Quebec Nordiques in the 1989 NHL Entry Draft in the 9th round at number 169 overall. He opted, however, not to play in the National Hockey League, playing in Russia and Europe. He was inducted into the IIHF Hall of Fame in 2014.

2008 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships
The 2008 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships was the 72nd such event hosted by the International Ice Hockey Federation. Teams representing 48 countries participated in four levels of competition. The competition also served as qualification for division placements in the 2009 competition. Russia won the Top Division tournament and became the world champions. In the Division I Championship held in April, Austria and Hungary were promoted to the Championship division, while South Korea and Estonia were demoted to Division II. In the Division II competition, Romania and Australia were promoted, Ireland and New Zealand were relegated to Division III. Greece won the Division III qualification in February, and competed in the Division III competition from March to April. In that competition, North Korea and South Africa were promoted to Division II for 2009.
2000 in video games
The year 2000 saw the release of numerous video games as well as the launch of the PlayStation 2. Critically acclaimed games originally released in 2000 include sequels such as Madden NFL 2001, NBA Live 2001, NBA 2K1, WWF SmackDown! 2: Know Your Role, Baldur's Gate II, Diablo II, Dragon Quest VII, Final Fantasy IX, Metal Gear: Ghost Babel, NFL 2K1, Resident Evil – Code: Veronica, Spyro: Year of the Dragon, The Legend of Zelda: Majora's Mask, and Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 2, along with new intellectual properties such as Deus Ex, Hitman,  Jet Set Radio, Perfect Dark, Skies of Arcadia, The Sims, SSX, Vagrant Story, and Sin and Punishment. The year's best-selling home video games worldwide were Pokémon games for the third year in a row (since 1998), while the highest-grossing arcade game in Japan was Virtua Striker 2.

Skies of Arcadia
Skies of Arcadia is a 2000 role-playing video game developed by Overworks and published by Sega for the Dreamcast. Players control Vyse, a young air pirate, and his friends as they attempt to stop the Valuan Empire from reviving ancient weapons with the potential to destroy the world.

Skies of Arcadia uses traditional Japanese role-playing game systems such as turn-based battles and experience points, but puts greater focus on exploration, with the player flying an airship in 3D space. The development team included staff who had contributed to the Panzer Dragoon, Phantasy Star, Sonic the Hedgehog and Sakura Wars series.

Skies of Arcadia received critical acclaim upon release and is frequently regarded as one of the best games for the Dreamcast, although the game underperformed commercially. A port for the GameCube, Skies of Arcadia Legends, was released in 2002.
The Gardener (children's book)
The Gardener is an American children's picture book by American children's book author Sarah Stewart, illustrated by her husband, David Small and designed by art director Lilian Rosenstreich. The story, about a young girl and her rooftop garden in the city, is set in the Depression era and told through an epistolary style. It was published in 1997 by Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Farrar, Straus and Giroux (FSG) is an American book publishing company, founded in 1946 by Roger Williams Straus Jr. and John C. Farrar. FSG is known for publishing literary books, and its authors have won numerous awards, including Pulitzer Prizes, National Book Awards, and Nobel Prizes. Since 1993, the publisher has been a division of Macmillan, whose parent company is the German publishing conglomerate Holtzbrinck Publishing Group.
Cedar Forest
The Cedar Forest (𒄑𒂞𒄑𒌁giš eren giš tir) is the glorious realm of the gods of Mesopotamian mythology.  It is guarded by the demigod Humbaba and was once entered by the hero Gilgamesh who dared cut down cedar trees from its virgin stands during his quest for fame.  The Cedar Forest is described in Tablets 4–6 of the Epic of Gilgamesh. Earlier descriptions come from the Ur III poem Gilgamesh and Huwawa.

The Sumerian poems of his deeds say that Gilgamesh traveled east, presumably, to the Zagros Mountains of Iran (ancient Elam) to the cedar forest, yet the later more extensive Babylonian examples place the cedar forests west in Lebanon.

Determinative
A determinative, also known as a taxogram or semagram, is an ideogram used to mark semantic categories of words in logographic scripts which helps to disambiguate interpretation. They have no direct counterpart in spoken language, though they may derive historically from glyphs for real words, and functionally they resemble classifiers in East Asian and sign languages. For example, Egyptian hieroglyphic determinatives include symbols for divinities, people, parts of the body, animals, plants, and books/abstract ideas, which helped in reading but were not pronounced.
Alan Dowty
Alan Dowty (born January 15, 1940) is an American author, historian and professor of international relations and political science emeritus at the University of Notre Dame. He was formerly on the faculty of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (1964–1975), Kahanoff Chair Professor of Israel Studies at the University of Calgary (2003–2006), and President of the Association for Israel Studies (2005–2007). In 2017 he was awarded a lifetime achievement award in Israel Studies by the Association for Israel Studies and the Israel Institute.

His recent work specialises in and focuses on Israeli–American relations, Israel and the history of Zionism, Israeli politics and the Arab–Israeli conflict.

Israel Studies
Israel Studies is a triannual peer-reviewed academic journal covering the history, politics, society, and culture of the modern state of Israel. It was established in 1996 S. Ilan Troen as founding editor(Brandeis University). It is published by the Indiana University Press. The editors-in-chief are Arieh Saposnik, Natan Aridan, and S. Ilan Troen.
Vrba, Žirovnica
Vrba (pronounced [ˈʋə̀ɾba]; German: Velben) is one of ten villages in the Municipality of Žirovnica in the Upper Carniolan region of Slovenia. It was first mentioned in written sources from 1247 and is a typical example of a compact Alpine village. The Slovene national poet France Prešeren, who was born in the village, dedicated the sonnet "O Vrba" to the village, the first of his Sonnets of Misfortune.

Sonnet
A sonnet is a fixed poetic form with a structure traditionally consisting of fourteen lines adhering to a set rhyming scheme. The term derives from the Italian word sonetto (lit. 'little song', from the Latin word sonus, lit. 'sound'). Originating in 13th-century Sicily, the sonnet was in time taken up in many European-language areas, mainly to express romantic love at first, although eventually any subject was considered acceptable. Many formal variations were also introduced, including abandonment of the quatorzain limit – and even of rhyme altogether in modern times.
Rose (comics)
Rose is an American comics miniseries, the prequel to the comic book Bone. It was written by Bone creator Jeff Smith and illustrated by Charles Vess, who earned an Eisner nomination for his work on it. The story was originally published as a three-issue miniseries and was later included in both trade paperback and hardcover collections. It takes place when Rose Harvestar was a young woman, before her rise to the Atheian throne.

Prequel
A prequel is a literary, dramatic or cinematic work whose story precedes that of a previous work, by focusing on events that occur before the original narrative. A prequel is a work that forms part of a backstory to the preceding work.

The term "prequel" is a 20th-century neologism from the prefix "pre-" (from Latin prae, "before") and "sequel".

Like sequels, prequels may or may not concern the same plot as the work from which they are derived. More often they explain the background that led to the events in the original, but sometimes the connections are not completely explicit. Sometimes prequels play on the audience's knowledge of what will happen next, using deliberate references to create dramatic irony.
2025 Boys' U16 African Nations Volleyball Championship
The 2025 Boys' U16 African Nations Volleyball Championship will be the 2nd edition of the Boys' U16 African Nations Volleyball Championship, the biennial international youth volleyball tournament organised by the African Volleyball Confederation (CAVB) for the boys' under-16 national teams of Africa. It was held in Tunis, Tunisia from 24 to 29 August 2025.

Four national teams took part in the tournament, with players born on or after 1 January 2010 being eligible to participate.

Same as previous edition, the tournament acted as the CAVB qualifiers for the FIVB Volleyball Boys' U17 World Championship. The top three teams qualified for the 2026 FIVB Volleyball Boys' U17 World Championship in Qatar as the CAVB representatives.

Egypt won their first title by beating Tunisia 3–0 in the final. Algeria completed the podium after defeating Morocco 3–2 in the third-place match. Champions Egypt, runners-up Tunisia and third-place Algeria qualified for the 2026 Boys' U17 World Championship.

African Volleyball Confederation
The African Volleyball Confederation (French: Confédération Africaine de Volleyball, or CAVB) is the continental governing body for the sports of volleyball in Africa. Its headquarters are located in Rabat, Morocco.
Splendens Ceptigera
Splendens Ceptigera ("Splendid ruler") is a monodic song (fol. 21v-22) from the Llibre Vermell de Montserrat, one of the oldest extant medieval manuscripts containing music. In modern times it has been recorded by many artists:

Jordi Savall, Hespèrion XX (album Llibre Vermell de Montserrat - siglo XIV, 1978)

New London Consort directed by Philip Pickett (album Llibre vermell, pilgrim songs & dances, 1992)

Ensemble Anonymus (album Llibre vermell, 1993)

Gothart (album Stella splendens, 1997)

Studio der Frühen Musik directed by Thomas Binkley (album Secular music c1300, 1998)

Companyia Elèctrica Dharma (album Llibre Vermell, 2002)

Ensemble Micrologus (album Llibre Vermell de Montserrat, 2002)

Sarband & Osnabrücker Jugendchor (album Llibre Vermell, 2002)

Choeur de Chambre de Namur (album Llibre Vermell, 2007)

Ensemble Kantika (album Estel de mar, 2009)

Ensemble Micrologus
Ensemble Micrologus is an Italian group that performs vocal and instrumental medieval music, including both religious and secular pieces from the 12th to the 16th century in their repertoire.

Through research into manuscripts, organology, and iconography, and a familiarity with ethnographic research on the musical traditions of the Mediterranean, they revive the sound of the Middle Ages, playing reconstructions of ancient instruments as well as using period wardrobe and scenery. They perform more than forty concerts worldwide annually, introducing one or two new shows every year, as well as collaborating in movies and theater productions, such as the soundtrack of the Academy Award-winning Mediterreneo. In 2007 and 2008 they toured with Myth Archived 2008-12-20 at the Wayback Machine, a theater-dance show produced by Belgian choreographer Sidi Larbi Cherkaoui. They also teach medieval music courses at the Festival of Urbino,  the Royaumont Abbey, and the Cité de la Musique in Paris.
Ravi Amale
Ravi Amale is now working with Dainik Punya Nagari which is a second largest newspaper of Maharashtra, as an editor of Mumbai & Thane editions.

Ravi Amale was the Resident Editor of the Sakaal newspaper, the Marathi daily in Maharashtra.

Ravi Amale has authored a Marathi book on The [Research and Analysis Wing], R&AW or RAW which is the foreign intelligence agency of India namely, RAW - Bharatiya Guptacharsansthechi Gudhgatha () and on Indian Reservation Policy (राखीव जागा - वस्तुस्थिती आणि विपर्यास) and translated Manhunt by Peter Bergen in Marathi language.

Peter Bergen
Peter Lampert Bergen (born December 12, 1962) is an American journalist, documentary producer, historian, and author, best known for his work on national security and counterterrorism.  He has written or edited ten books—three of which were New York Times bestsellers, and four were named among the best non-fiction books of the year by the Washington Post. The books have been translated into 25 languages. He has served as a producer of multiple Emmy-nominated documentaries. Bergen is CNN's national security analyst, a vice president at the think tank New America, and a professor of practice at Arizona State University. Bergen produced the first televised interview with Osama bin Laden in 1997, in which bin Laden declared war against the United States to a Western audience.
Talat Khwan, Chiang Mai
Talat Khwan (Thai: ตลาดขวัญ, pronounced [tā.làːt kʰwǎn]) is a tambon (subdistrict) of Doi Saket district, in Chiang Mai province, Thailand. In 2005 it had a population of 3,418 people. The tambon contains six villages.

Doi Saket district
Doi Saket (Thai: ดอยสะเก็ด, pronounced [dɔ̄ːj sā.kèt]; Northern Thai:  ดอยสะเก๋ด, pronounced [dɔ̄ːj sā.kět]) is a district (amphoe) in the eastern part of Chiang Mai province in northern Thailand. The district is predominantly a rural farming area, containing a mixture of rice fields on the valley floor to orchard and other farming on the hillsides. The village is known for its Wat Phra That Doi Saket that has remarkable murals inside.
2002 Hong Kong Open – Singles
Juan Carlos Ferrero defeated Carlos Moyá in the final, 6–3, 1–6, 7–6(7–4) to win the singles tennis title at the 2002 Hong Kong Open.

Marcelo Ríos was the reigning champion, but did not compete that year.

Carlos Moyá
Carlos Moyá Llompart (Spanish: [ˈkaɾlos moˈʝa ʎomˈpaɾt]; born 27 August 1976) is a Spanish former professional tennis player and coach. He was ranked as the world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). Moyá won 20 ATP Tour-level singles titles, including the 1998 French Open, and was part of the victorious Spanish Davis Cup team in 2004. He was also the runner-up at the 1997 Australian Open. After his playing career, Moyá served as Rafael Nadal's primary coach from 2016 to 2024.
Nobunaga's Ambition
Nobunaga's Ambition (信長の野望, Nobunaga no Yabō) is a series of turn-based grand strategy role-playing simulation video games developed and published by Koei (now Koei Tecmo). The original game was one of the first in its genre, being released in March 1983 in Japan. Nobunaga's Ambition takes place during the Sengoku period of feudal Japan. The player is tasked with achieving the ultimate goal of warlord Oda Nobunaga: the conquest and unification of Japan. Selecting Oda Nobunaga is optional, however, as the player is also able to choose from a variety of other regional daimyōs of the time.

Games in the series have been released for Windows, MS-DOS, the Nintendo Entertainment System, Game Boy, Genesis, 3DO, Super NES, PlayStation, Saturn, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Wii, PlayStation Portable, PlayStation Vita, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Nintendo Switch, Switch 2, Mac, MSX, and Amiga. As of March 2018, the series has shipped more than 10 million copies  worldwide.

Simulation video game
Simulation video games are a diverse super-category of video games, generally designed to closely simulate real world activities. A simulation game attempts to copy various activities from real life in the form of a game for various purposes such as training, analysis, prediction, or entertainment. Usually there are no strictly defined goals in the game, and the player is allowed to control a character or environment freely. Well-known examples are war games, business games, and role play simulation. From three basic types of strategic, planning, and learning exercises: games, simulations, and case studies, a number of hybrids may be considered, including simulation games that are used as case studies. Comparisons of the merits of simulation games versus other teaching techniques have been carried out by many researchers and a number of comprehensive reviews have been published.
1975 Richmond WCT – Doubles
The 1975 Richmond WCT – Doubles was an event of the 1975 Richmond WCT men's tennis tournament that was played at the Richmond Coliseum in Richmond, Virginia in the United States from January 27 through February 2, 1975. The draw comprised 16 teams and 4 of them were seeded.  Nikola Pilić and Allan Stone were the defending doubles champions, but did not compete in this edition. Unseeded Hans Kary and Fred McNair won the doubles title, defeating third-seeded Paolo Bertolucci and Adriano Panatta in the final, 7–6(8–6), 5–7, 7–6(8–6).

Richmond Coliseum
Richmond Coliseum is a defunct arena located in downtown Richmond, Virginia, with a capacity of 13,500 that was most often used for various large concerts. The arena opened in 1971 and the region is looking to replace the aging facility with a larger one. The arena was quietly shuttered in February 2019 while new proposed replacements are in development.
Bundz
Bundz (Polish: bundz) or budz (Ukrainian: будз), also known as bunc in the Podhale dialect, is a cheese traditionally produced in the Carpathian region of Poland and Ukraine.

The first phase of bundz production follows the same process as that of oscypek. The milk poured into the "putara" is hagged, which means that the protein is truncated by enzymes contained in rennet, extracted from the stomachs of young calves. The resulting cheese curd is then brewed for a few minutes at a temperature of about 70 °C. The cheese is strained on the canvas in the form of large lumps. A mild cheese is obtained.

The drink żętyca is also made from the whey produced during bundz production.

Podhale
Podhale (Polish pronunciation: [pɔtˈxalɛ] ⓘ; lit. 'below the mountain pastures'), sometimes referred to as the Polish Highlands, is Poland's southernmost region. The Podhale is located in the foothills of the Tatra range of the Carpathian Mountains. It is the most famous region of the Goral Lands which are a network of historical regions inhabited by Gorals.
United States presidential inaugural balls
United States presidential inaugural balls are large social gatherings, both white tie and black tie, held to celebrate the commencement of a new term of the president of the United States. Planned and sanctioned by the Presidential Inaugural Committee, the official inaugural balls occur throughout the evening of Inauguration Day in the Washington D.C. area and are invitation-only, attended by guests who are issued pre-paid tickets. The president, first lady, vice president, and second lady or gentleman all make personal appearances at each of the inaugural balls held in their honor. Catered food, beverages, and live entertainment performed by national and globally acclaimed musicians are provided at the inaugural balls.

Other inaugural balls, unofficial and often less formal, also occur before and on Inauguration Day, being given by state societies, businesses, and private organizations.

Federal holidays in the United States
Federal holidays in the United States are 11 calendar dates designated by the U.S. federal government as holidays. On these days non-essential U.S. federal government offices are closed and federal employees are paid for the day off.

Federal holidays are designated by the United States Congress in Title V of the United States Code (5 U.S.C. § 6103). Congress only has authority to create holidays for federal institutions (including federally-owned properties), employees, and the District of Columbia. As a general rule of courtesy, custom, and sometimes regulation, other institutions, such as banks, businesses, schools, and the financial markets, may be closed on federal holidays. In various parts of the country, state and city holidays may be observed concurrently with federal holidays.
The Man Hater
The Man Hater is a 1917 American silent comedy drama film directed by Albert Parker and starring Winifred Allen,  Jack Meredith and Harry Neville. Future star Ann Dvorak appeared in the film as a child actress.

Child actor
A child actor or child actress is a child acting on stage, television or in movies. An adult who began their acting career as a child may also be called a child actor or a "former child actor". Closely associated terms include teenage actor or teen actor, which refer to an actor who gained popularity as a teenager.

Many child actors find themselves struggling to adapt as they become adults, mainly due to typecasting. Macaulay Culkin and Lindsay Lohan are two particularly famous child actors who eventually experienced much difficulty with the fame they acquired at an early age. Some child actors have successful acting careers as adults; for example Mickey Rooney, Elizabeth Taylor, Jodie Foster, Christian Bale, Drew Barrymore, Saoirse Ronan. Other child actors have gone on to successful careers in other fields, including director Ron Howard, politicians Lech and Jarosław Kaczyński, James Jebbia, and singer Jenny Lewis.