hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Transfermium Wars
The names for the chemical elements 104 to 106 were the subject of a major controversy starting in the 1960s, described by some nuclear chemists as the Transfermium Wars because it concerned the elements following fermium (element 100) on the periodic table.

This controversy arose from disputes between American scientists and Soviet scientists as to which had first isolated these elements. The final resolution of this controversy in 1997 also decided the names of elements 107 to 109.

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL, Berkeley Lab) is a federally funded research and development center in the hills of Berkeley, California, United States. Established in 1931 by the University of California (UC), the laboratory is sponsored by the United States Department of Energy and administered by the UC system. Ernest Lawrence, who won the Nobel prize for inventing the cyclotron, founded the lab and served as its director until his death in 1958. Located in the Berkeley Hills, the lab overlooks the campus of the University of California, Berkeley.
The Cumberland Argus and Fruitgrowers' Advocate
The Cumberland Argus and Fruitgrowers' Advocate (also known as The Cumberland Argus or The Argus) was a newspaper published in Parramatta with coverage and circulation incorporating Greater Western Sydney and parts of North-West Sydney, Australia.  First published on 24 September 1887, the paper continued under this title until issue No. 3397, on 15 March 1950, when the newspaper was officially renamed the Cumberland Argus.  It remained under this banner for a further 12 years until it ceased publication on 24 October 1962.

National Library of Australia
The National Library of Australia (NLA), formerly the Commonwealth National Library and Commonwealth Parliament Library, is the largest reference library in Australia, responsible under the terms of the National Library Act 1960 for "maintaining and developing a national collection of library material, including a comprehensive collection of library material relating to Australia and the Australian people", thus functioning as a national library. It is located in Parkes, Canberra, ACT.

Created in 1960 by the National Library Act, by the end of June 2019 its collection contained 7,717,579 items, with its manuscript material occupying 17,950 metres (58,890 ft) of shelf space. The NLA also hosts and manages the Trove cultural heritage discovery service, which includes access to the Australian Web Archive and National edeposit (NED), a large collection of digitised newspapers, official documents, manuscripts and images, as well as born-digital material.
Cultural depictions of George Armstrong Custer
George Armstrong Custer (1839–1876) was a United States Army cavalry commander in the American Civil War and the Indian Wars. He was defeated and killed by the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes at the Battle of the Little Bighorn.  More than 30 movies and countless television shows have featured him as a character.  
He was portrayed by future U.S. president, Ronald Reagan in Santa Fe Trail (1940), as well as by Errol Flynn in They Died With Their Boots On (1941).

Son of the Morning Star (film)
Son of the Morning Star is a 1991 American two-part Western television miniseries released by Chrysalis based on Evan S. Connell's best-selling 1984 book of the same name. It starred Gary Cole (George Armstrong Custer) and featured Dean Stockwell (General Philip Sheridan), Rosanna Arquette (Elizabeth Custer), Rodney A. Grant (Crazy Horse), Nick Ramus (Red Cloud), Buffy Sainte-Marie (voice of Kate Bighead), and Floyd Red Crow Westerman (Sitting Bull).
Motiram Koli
Motiram Punamramji Koli is an Indian politician, social worker and current Member of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from Reodar Assembly constituency as a member of Indian National Congress party. Motiram Koli defeated the Jagasi Ram Koli of Bharatiya Janata Party by the margin of 3,564 votes in 2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election.

Jagasi Ram Koli
Jagasiram Jagmalram Koli is an Indian Politician, Social Worker and incumbent four-time Member of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly for Reodar constituency in Rajasthan, India. Jagasi Ram Koli belongs to the Bhartiya Janata Party. In 2018 general elections he beat Neeraj Dangi of Indian National Congress by a margin of 14604 votes.
Miss World Venezuela 2020
Miss World Venezuela 2020 was the eighth Miss World Venezuela pageant. It was held at the Venevisión Studios in Caracas, Venezuela on September 24, 2020.

At the end of the event, Isabella Rodríguez of Portuguesa crowned Alejandra Conde of Aragua as Miss World Venezuela 2020. She represented Venezuela at the Miss World 2021 pageant placing in the Top 40.

Miss Venezuela
Miss Venezuela (Spanish: Organización Miss Venezuela) is a Venezuelan beauty pageant operated by the Cisneros Group. Founded in 1952, it currently selects Venezuelan representatives to Miss Universe, Miss World, and Miss International. The current national director of Miss Venezuela is Miss Universe 2013 Gabriela Isler.

The current Miss Venezuela is Clara Vegas Goetz of Miranda who was crowned on 4 December 2025 at the Centro Comercial Líder in Caracas, Venezuela.
Duke Yi of Lu
Duke Yi of Lu, personal name Ji Xi, was a ruler of the Lu state, succeeding his father Duke Wu.

Despite being the younger son of Duke Wu, he was made heir apparent over his older brother Kuo by the intervention of King Xuan of Zhou. After nine years of rule, supporters of Kuo and of his son Boyu rose in revolt and murdered Duke Yi; Boyu was then proclaimed to be the Duke of Lu by the rebels.

King Xuan of Zhou
King Xuan of Zhou, personal name Ji Jing, was king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty; his reign has been reconstructed to be 827/25 – 782 BC. He worked to restore royal authority after the Gonghe Regency. He fought the "Western Barbarians" (probably Xianyun) and another group on the Huai River to the southeast. In the ninth year of his reign, he called a meeting of all the lords. Later he intervened militarily in succession struggles in the states of Lu, Wey and Qi. Sima Qian said "from this time on, the many lords mostly rebelled against royal commands." According to Zhang Shoujie's annotation Correct Meanings (史記正義) to Sima's Shiji, King Xuan is said to have killed the innocent Du Bo and according to tradition was himself killed by an arrow fired by Du Bo's ghost. His son King You would the last king of the Western Zhou.

The Stone Drums of Qin were long mistakenly ascribed to King Xuan.
Ofe Ujuju
Ofe Ujuju is a local dish from Ika people of the Niger Delta part of Nigeria. The soup is popular among the Ika and Agbor people of Delta State.

The soup is made with ujuju leaves (Myrianthus arboreus, commonly known as "monkey fruit"), meats, fish, black pepper and seasoning cubes.

It is served with eba, akpun, Semovita (a glutinous flour derived from semolina wheat), and pounded yam.

Pounded yam
Pounded yam (Yoruba: iyán, Hausa: sakwara, Igbo: utara-ji Listenⓘ) is a Nigerian swallow or okele food. It is commonly prepared by pounding boiled yam with a mortar and pestle. Pounded yam is similar to mashed potatoes but heavier in consistency. It is smooth and eaten with the hands.

It can be served with egusi soup, jute leaves soup (ewedu), stewed spinach (efo riro), okra soup, ofe akwu (palmnut soup), ofe nsala (white soup), and others.
Ferguson TE20
The Ferguson TE20 is an agricultural tractor designed by Harry Ferguson. By far his most successful design, it was manufactured from 1946 until 1956, and was commonly known as the Little Grey Fergie. It marked a major advance in tractor design, distinguished by light weight, small size, manoeuvrability and versatility. The TE20 popularised Harry Ferguson's invention of the hydraulic three-point hitch system around the world, and the system quickly became an international standard for tractors of all makes and sizes that has remained to this day. The tractor played a large part in introducing widespread mechanised agriculture. In many parts of the world the TE20 was the first tractor to be affordable to the average farmer and was small and light enough to replace the draft horse and manual labour. Many TE20s remain in regular use in farming and other work and the model is also a popular collector's item for enthusiasts today.

Tractor
A tractor is an engineering vehicle specifically designed to deliver a high tractive effort (or torque) at slow speeds, for the purposes of hauling a trailer or machinery such as that used in agriculture, mining or construction.  Most commonly, the term is used to describe a farm vehicle that provides the power and traction to mechanize agricultural tasks, especially (and originally) tillage, and now many more. Agricultural implements may be towed behind or mounted on the tractor, and the tractor may also provide a source of power if the implement is mechanised.
Göcek Island
Göcek Island is a Mediterranean island of Turkey.

Administratively the island is a part of Fethiye ilçe (district) of the Muğla Province at 36°43′36″N 28°56′21″E﻿ / ﻿36.72667°N 28.93917°E﻿ / 36.72667; 28.93917. The island faces Göcek a touristic town and a small port.  The island is a natural breakwater and it protects Göcek from most of the winds. The length of the island (from north to south) is 2 kilometres (1.2 mi). Its distance to nearest coast (Anatolia) is about 700 metres (2,300 ft).

The island is uninhabited. But there are beaches in both the east and the west shore and there is a quay in the east shore (so called İncirli) for boat services from Göcek.

Fethiye
Fethiye (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈfethije]) is a municipality and district of Muğla Province, Turkey. Its area is 875 km2, and its population is 177,702 (2022). It is one of the prominent tourist destinations in the Turkish Riviera. It was formerly known as Makri, and Meğri.
Robby (film)
Robby is a 1968 family film written and directed by Ralph C. Bluemke. It is a modern-day retelling of Daniel Defoe's 1719 novel Robinson Crusoe in which the main characters are portrayed as children. The film deals with many themes, including friendship, homesickness, racial blindness and naturism.

Lord of the Flies (1963 film)
Lord of the Flies is a 1963 British survival drama film written for the screen and directed by Peter Brook, based on the 1954 novel by William Golding. It follows 30 schoolboys who are marooned on an island where the behaviour of the majority degenerates into savagery.

The film was in production for much of 1961, though the film did not premiere until 1963, and was not released in the United Kingdom until 1964. Golding himself supported the film. When Kenneth Tynan was a script editor for Ealing Studios he commissioned a script of Lord of the Flies from Nigel Kneale, but Ealing Studios closed in 1959 before it could be produced.

The film premiered at the 1963 Cannes Film Festival, where it was nominated for the Palme d'Or. It was released in the UK by British Lion Films on July 23, 1964, and received positive reviews from critics. It was the first film adaptation of the novel, followed by a 1975 Filipino film and a 1990 American film.
Julio Ko
Julio Ko(고병국) (born in 1970, also known as 고병국, Byeong Guk Ko) is a South Korean sea kayaker and outdoor educator who has trained students and children in adaptive paddling and water sports safety since 2009. He is one of the Jehovah's Witnesses baptized in 22nd, Nov. 2015.

Namhaedo
Namhaedo (Korean: 남해도) or Namhae Island is the principal island of Namhae County, on the southern coast of South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. It is the fifth largest island in South Korea. Together with Changseon Island, it forms Namhae County. It is joined to land by Namhae Bridge.
2012 Copa Bimbo
The 2012 Campeonato Internacional de Verano, also known as 2012 Copa Bimbo for sponsoring purposes, is the fourth edition of the Campeonato Internacional de Verano, an exhibition international club football competition that featured two clubs from Uruguay (Nacional and Peñarol), one from Peru (Universidad San Martín) and one from Chile (Palestino). It is played in Montevideo, Uruguay at the Estadio Centenario from 13 to 15 January 2012.

Campeonato Internacional de Verano
The Campeonato Internacional de Verano, also known under its sponsored name Copa Bimbo, is an international exhibition football competition hosted in Montevideo, Uruguay, since 2009. It features four teams: Uruguay's two major teams Nacional and Peñarol, and guest teams from Argentina (in 2011), Brazil (in 2009) and Paraguay (in 2010 and 2011). All matches are played at the Estadio Centenario in Montevideo, the home stadium of the Uruguay national team and the host of the 1930 FIFA World Cup Final. The tournament is produced and televised by Uruguayan telecommunications company Tenfield, and is sponsored by the Mexican bakery and food corporation Grupo Bimbo.

The 2009 tournament was won by Brazilian club Cruzeiro, and the 2010 and 2011 edition was won by Uruguayan club Nacional.
Calipers
Calipers or callipers are an instrument used to measure the linear dimensions of an object or hole; namely, the length, width, thickness, diameter or depth of an object or hole. The word caliper comes from a corrupt form of caliber.

Many types of calipers permit reading out a measurement on a ruled scale, a dial, or an electronic digital display. A common association is to calipers using a sliding vernier scale.

Some calipers can be as simple as a compass with inward or outward-facing points, but with no scale (measurement indication). The tips of the caliper are adjusted to fit across the points to be measured, and then kept at that span while moved to separate measuring device, such as a ruler, or simply transferred directly to a workpiece.

Calipers are used in many fields such as mechanical engineering, metalworking, forestry, woodworking, science and medicine.

Inch
The inch (symbol: in or ″) is a unit of length in the British Imperial and the United States customary systems of measurement. It is equal to ⁠1/36⁠ yard or ⁠1/12⁠ of a foot. Derived from the Roman uncia ("twelfth"), the word inch is also sometimes used to translate similar units in other measurement systems, usually understood as deriving from the width of the human thumb.

Standards for the exact length of an inch have varied in the past, but since the adoption of the international yard during the 1950s and 1960s the inch has been based on the metric system and defined as exactly 25.4 mm.
Macrobius Cove
Macrobius Cove (Bulgarian: залив Макробий, ‘Zaliv Macrobius’ \'za-liv ma-'kro-biy\) is the 2.8 km wide cove indenting for 3.4 km the west coast of Barison Peninsula, Graham Coast on the Antarctic Peninsula northeast of Eijkman Point and east of Bablon Island.  It is part of Leroux Bay.  The head of the cove is fed by Chernomen Glacier.

The feature is named after the Roman writer and philosopher Ambrosius Macrobius (4th-5th century) who placed on the world map the southern polar land envisaged by Aristotle.

Graham Coast
Graham Coast is the portion of the west coast of Graham Land in Antarctic Peninsula, extending 172 km between Cape Bellue to the southwest and Cape Renard to the northeast.

The coast is named after Sir James Graham, First Lord of the Admiralty during the early exploration of the area by John Biscoe.
Ellerslie Member
The Ellerslie Member is a stratigraphic unit of Early Cretaceous age in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin.

It takes the name from Ellerslie, a community in southern Edmonton, and was first described in Imperial Oil's Whitemud No. 3 well by C. Warren Hunt in 1950.

Mannville Group
The Mannville Group is a stratigraphic unit of Cretaceous age in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin.

It takes the name from the town of Mannville, Alberta, and was first described in the Northwest Mannville 1 well by A.W. Nauss in 1945.
Celio Calcagnini
Celio Calcagnini (Ferrara, 17 September 1479 – Ferrara, 24 April 1541), also known as Caelius Calcagninus, was an Italian humanist and scientist from Ferrara. His learning as displayed in his collected works is very broad.

Ferrara
Ferrara (/fəˈrɑːrə/; Italian: [ferˈraːra] ⓘ; Emilian: Fràra [ˈfraːra]) is a city and comune (municipality) in Emilia-Romagna, Northern Italy, capital of the province of Ferrara. As of 2016, it had 132,009 inhabitants. It is situated 44 kilometres (27 miles) northeast of Bologna, on the Po di Volano, a branch channel of the main stream of the Po River, located 5 km (3 miles) north. The town has broad streets and numerous palaces dating from the Renaissance, when it hosted the court of the House of Este. For its beauty and cultural importance, it has been designated by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.
Tanyuromys
Tanyuromys is a genus of oryzomyine rodents distributed in mountainous areas from Central America to the western part of South America. The species in this genus have historically been placed in Sigmodontomys, but according to cladistic research, this genus is either sister to the clade containing Sigmodontomys and Melanomys or sister to the extinct Caribbean giant rice rat Megalomys. Along with members of Aegialomys and Melanomys, it occurs at some of the highest elevations known for oryzomines.

Two species are known from the genus: T. aphrastus (distributed from Costa Rica to Ecuador) and the recently described T. thomasleei (endemic to Ecuador).

Megalomys
Megalomys is a genus of rodent in the family Cricetidae, part of the tribe Oryzomyini. The genus contains five large rodents from various Caribbean islands, of which two are known to have survived into modern times, but all of which are now extinct. The last species to survive was M. desmarestii from Martinique, which became extinct after the Mount Pelée eruption in 1902. Ancient DNA analysis places Megalomys forming a clade with Pennatomys, sister to the clade containing Aegialomys, Nesoryzomys, Melanomys and Sigmodontomys, having diverged from the mainland clade around 7 million years ago.

It contains the following species:

Recently extinct species:

Megalomys desmarestii (Martinique giant rice rat)

Megalomys luciae (Saint Lucia giant rice rat)

Fossil species:

Megalomys audreyae (Barbuda giant rice rat)

Megalomys curazensis (Curaçao giant rice rat)

Megalomys georginae (Barbados giant rice rat)
Baumwerder
Baumwerder is an uninhabited island, approximately 2 hectares in area, in the Breitling facing a bay. It belongs to the municipality of Blowatz.

The flat bodden island is approximately 325 metres long and 135 metres wide. It is shaped like a triangle with a larger indentation on its north side. It is located 50 metres from the mainland.

Numerous species of bird breed on the island, including merganser (Mergus serrator), gadwall (Anas strepera) and shelduck (Tadorna tadorna).

Baumwerder is part of the Special Area of Conservation known as Wismar Bay and the bird reserve of "Wismar Bay and Salzhaff".

Breitling (Bay of Wismar)
The Breitling is a narrow strait in the Baltic Sea between the island of Poel and the mainland in the northeast of the district of Nordwestmecklenburg. It links the sheltered part of the Bay of Wismar, beginning south of Poeldamm, with the Salzhaff (into which estuaries of the Zaufe and Gollwitz empty).

The Breitling is a very shallow body of water, mostly under one metre in depth. Large parts can even become exposed at low water, whereas at high water it can cover the low-lying causeway known as the Poeldamm. In the south the road link runs along a causeway (the Poeldamm) over a low peninsula to Poel over the Breitling. The waterbody is about five kilometres long and no more than one kilometre wide.
International Arts and Entertainment Alliance
The International Arts and Entertainment Alliance (IAEA) is a global union federation (GUF) representing trade unions of performers and technicians in the music and audiovisual sectors.

The alliance has three sections: the International Federation of Actors (FIA), the International Federation of Musicians (FIM), and the Media, Entertainment and Arts section of the UNI Global Union (UNI-MEI).  Trade unions affiliate to the appropriate section; 90 unions hold membership of the International Federation of Actors, and 70 unions hold membership of the International Federation of Musicians.

In 2007, the alliance joined the Council of Global Unions.

Global union federation
A global union federation (GUF) is an international federation of national trade unions organizing in specific industry sectors or occupational groups.  Historically, such federations in the social democratic tradition described as international trade secretariats (ITS), while those in the Christian democratic tradition described themselves as international trade federations.  Equivalent sectoral bodies linked to the World Federation of Trade Unions described themselves as trade union internationals.

Many unions are members of one or more global union federations, relevant to the sectors where they have their members. Individual unions may also be affiliated to a national trade union centre, which in turn can be affiliated to the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) or the WFTU.
Carlemanniaceae
The Carlemanniaceae are a tropical East Asian and Southeast Asian family of subshrub to herbaceous perennial flowering plants with 2 genera.  Older systems of plant taxonomy place the two genera, Carlemannia, and Silvianthus within the Caprifoliaceae or the Rubiaceae.  The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification of 2003 places the group in the Lamiales, as a plant family more closely related to the Oleaceae than to the Caprifoliaceae.

Caprifoliaceae
The Caprifoliaceae or honeysuckle family is a clade of dicotyledonous flowering plants consisting of about 860 species in 33 to 42 genera, with a nearly cosmopolitan distribution. Centres of diversity are found in eastern North America and eastern Asia, while they are absent in tropical and southern Africa.
River Sorn
The River Sorn is a small river on the Scottish island of Islay in Argyll and Bute. Draining Loch Finlaggan and having gathered the waters of the Allt Ruadh and the Ballygrant Burn, it flows southwestwards to enter the sea at the village of Bridgend at the head of Loch Indaal.

Argyll and Bute
Argyll and Bute (Scots: Argyll an Buit; Scottish Gaelic: Earra-Ghàidheal agus Bòd, pronounced [ɛrˠəˈɣɛːəl̪ˠ akəs̪ ˈpɔːtʲ]) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland and a lieutenancy area. The current lord-lieutenant for Argyll and Bute is Jane Margaret MacLeod (14 July 2020). The administrative centre for the council area is in Lochgilphead at Kilmory Castle, a 19th-century Gothic Revival building and estate. The current council leader is Councillor Jim Lynch.

Argyll and Bute covers the second-largest administrative area of any Scottish council. The council area adjoins those of Highland, Perth and Kinross, Stirling and West Dunbartonshire.
Miss Grand Laos 2024
Miss Grand Laos 2024 (Lao: ມີສແກຣນລາວ 2024) was the 5th edition of the Miss Grand Laos pageant, held on August 25, 2024,  at the ITECC Shopping Mall in Xaysetha, Vientiane. Contestants from 17 provinces of Laos competed for the title.

At the end of the event, a 28-year-old model representing Champasak, Souksavanh Vongsomphou, was announced the winner. Vongsomphou will represent the country in the international parent stage, Miss Grand International 2024, to be held in Thailand on October 25, 2024.

The edition was the first Miss Grand Laos organized by SV Trading Sole Co., Ltd and 78 Creation Sole Co., Ltd, who are also the organizers of this year's Miss Universe Laos pageant.

Laos at beauty pageants
This is a list of Laos representatives at major international beauty pageants: Miss Universe, Miss World, Miss International, Miss Earth. And other international beauty pageants such as Miss Supranational, Miss Grand International and Miss Intercontinental