hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Douglas, 5th Lord Mordington
Charles Douglas, 5th Lord Mordington (d. after 1746), son of George Douglas, 4th Lord Mordington by his wife Catherine née Lauder, was a Jacobite.

He went to sea when he was young and did not return to Britain until after his father's death.

Engaging in the 1745 Jacobite rebellion, he was captured at Carlisle, and tried on 11 September 1746 under the designation of Charles Douglas, Esquire. He then pleaded his peerage, which was objected to by the counsel for the Crown, but upon proof being provided his trial was postponed and he was imprisoned on remand in Carlisle Castle, from which he was soon released.

Upon the abolition of heritable jurisdictions the following year, he claimed for the privilege of Regality over the lands of Nether Mordington the sum of £300 which was refused.

His estates were forfeited. He was unmarried and upon his death the title became dormant, although his sister Mary styled herself 'Baroness Mordington' after his death. She died without issue.

Burgh of regality
A burgh of regality is a type of Scottish town.

They were distinct from royal burghs as they were granted to "lords of regality", leading noblemen. (In distinction, burghs of barony were granted to a tenant-in-chief, a landowner who held his estates directly from the crown, and had fewer civil and criminal law powers). They were created between 1450 and 1707, and conferred upon the landowner varying trading rights, such as the right to hold weekly markets or to trade overseas.

Burghs of regality possessed higher jurisdictional rights in liberam regalitatem, amounting to complete criminal jurisdiction except for treason. These rights were abolished by the Heritable Jurisdictions (Scotland) Act 1746, after which the burghs enjoyed only the jurisdictional rights of burghs of barony.
Big Choice
Big Choice is a full-length album by the California punk band Face to Face, released in 1995. It was released on Victory Music in 1995, and then re-released on A&M Records. "Disconnected" was released to alternative radio on January 20, 1995. "Debt" was released as a single on August 15, 1995.

Modern rock
Modern rock is an umbrella term used to describe rock music that is found on college and commercial rock radio stations. Some radio stations use this term to distinguish themselves from classic rock, which is based in 1960s–1980s rock music.
Spectral Force 3
Spectral Force 3: Innocent Rage is a tactical role-playing game developed by Idea Factory for the Xbox 360.

Innocent Rage, like the previous PlayStation 2 Spectral Force titles, takes place in the fantasy world of Neverland, and details the First Neverland War.  It is the first entry in the series to be released in the Western Hemisphere, with Atlus securing publishing rights in North America, where the game is simply titled Spectral Force 3.

Idea Factory
Idea Factory Holdings Co., Ltd. (アイディアファクトリー株式会社, Aidia Fakutorī Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese video game developer and publisher founded by former Data East employees in October 1994. The company is known for its role-playing games and visual novels, including titles released under its Otomate brand.

A division of the company produces otome games under the name of Otomate (see list below). An international publishing subsidiary, Idea Factory International, was opened in California in 2013 to localize and distribute titles outside Japan.

In 2022, the company announced Altergear, a division focused on visual novel titles aimed at a male audience.
War Chamber
MLW War Chamber is a professional wrestling supercard event produced by Major League Wrestling (MLW) that was first held on September 7, 2019. The event serves as a successor and replacement for MLW WarGames, after WWE acquired the rights to the trademarks of the namesake WarGames match in 2019.

The first event served as a television taping for MLW Fusion, while the second event was taped for the MLW Fusion: Alpha miniseries, and the third event was taped for MLW Underground Wrestling.

Spiritual successor
A spiritual successor (sometimes called a spiritual sequel) is a product or fictional work that is similar to, or directly inspired by, another previous product or work, but (unlike a traditional prequel or sequel) does not explicitly continue the product line or media franchise of its predecessor, and is thus only a successor "in spirit". Spiritual successors often have similar themes and styles to their preceding material, but are generally a distinct intellectual property.

In fiction, the term generally refers to a work by a creator that shares similarities to one of their earlier works, but is set in a different continuity, and features distinct characters and settings. Such works may arise when licensing issues prevent a creator from releasing a direct sequel using the same copyrighted characters and names as the original.
Mohammad Jafar Jafari Langarudi
Mohammad Jafar Jafari Langeroudi (Persian: محمّدجعفر جعفری لنگرودی‎; 14 April 1923 – 27 February 2023) was an Iranian Faqīh, mujtahid, philosopher, writer, poet, and jurist, and the author of writings on law and literature. In 2006, Jafari Langeroudi completed the general encyclopedia of law known as Al-Faregh. Al-Faregh is the first and largest legal encyclopedia in the Persian language, which examines all the six schools of Isma'ilism, Twelver Shi'a, Maliki, Hanafi, Hanbali and Shafi'i, as well as Roman law, i.e. the French legal system, in the jurisprudence of transactions and important legal issues.

Jafari Langeroudi was for a time the dean of the Faculty of Law at the University of Tehran and also the head of the Department of Private Law there. Jafari Langeroudi was one of the members of the six-member committee that drafted the constitution after the 1979 Iranian Revolution.

Maliki school
The Maliki school or Malikism is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam. It was founded by Malik ibn Anas (c. 711–795 CE) in the 8th century. In contrast to the Ahl al-Hadith and Ahl al-Ra'y schools of thought, the Maliki school takes a unique position known as Ahl al-A'mal, in which they consider the Sunnah to be primarily sourced from the practice of the people of Medina and living Islamic traditions for their rulings on Islamic law.

The Maliki school is the second largest Sunni school, larger than the Shafi’i school but smaller than the Hanafi school. It is predominant in North Africa, West Africa and the Gulf states of Bahrain, Kuwait and United Arab Emirates. The current Maliki population is said to be around 500 million, comprising about 25% of the total Muslim population.
SVS/Triumph Home Video
SVS/Triumph Home Video was a home video distributor that was originally founded in 1981 by Sony Corporation of America as Sony Video Software Operations by John O'Donnell as a unit of Sony Consumer Products. It evolved from products for Betamax to a full-fledged home video company before becoming a label of Columbia TriStar Home Video in 1991 and later folded.

Virgin Group
Virgin Group Limited is a British multinational venture capital conglomerate founded by Richard Branson and Nik Powell in February 1970.

Virgin Group's date of incorporation is listed as 1989 by Companies House, who class it as a holding company; however, Virgin's business and trading activities date back to the 1970s. The net worth of Virgin Group was estimated at £3 billion as of early 2023.
The Evidence of Things Not Seen
The Evidence of Things Not Seen is a book-length essay by James Baldwin, published in 1985 by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. The book covers the Atlanta murders of 1979–1981, often called the Atlanta child murders, and examines race relations and other social and cultural issues in Atlanta. Baldwin had ventured to Atlanta as a literary reporter on assignment for Playboy magazine, which had previously published many prominent black writers, such as Alex Haley and James Farmer. Walter Lowe, the magazine's first black editor, had proposed this assignment to Baldwin. The book's title draws from Hebrews 11:1.

Hebrews 11
Hebrews 11 is the eleventh chapter of the Epistle to the Hebrews in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. The author is anonymous, although the internal reference to "our brother Timothy" (Hebrews 13:23) causes a traditional attribution to Paul, but this attribution has been disputed since the second century and there is no decisive evidence for the authorship. This chapter contains the exposition about the examples of faith's effective expression.
If I Die Tomorrow
"If I Die Tomorrow" is a song by the American heavy metal band Mötley Crüe released on their 2005 compilation album Red, White & Crüe. The song was one of the new songs recorded by Mötley Crüe for the album and the single charted at number 4 on the Mainstream rock charts. It is the first single since "Beauty" to feature drummer Tommy Lee.

Vince Neil
Vincent Neil Wharton (born February 8, 1961) is an American musician. He is the lead vocalist of heavy metal band Mötley Crüe, which he fronted from their 1981 formation until his departure in 1992. Neil reunited with the band in 1996 and continued with them until the band's 2015 retirement, and again from the band's 2018 reunion onwards. Outside of Mötley Crüe, Neil has also released three studio albums as a solo artist – the most recent of which, Tattoos & Tequila, was released in 2010. Neil's visual aesthetic and distinctive singing voice are considered synonymous with the American glam metal movement of the 1980s.
Fernando Tatís Jr.
Fernando Gabriel Tatís Medina Jr. (tah-TEES; born January 2, 1999), nicknamed "El Niño" and "Bebo", is a Dominican professional baseball right fielder and shortstop for the San Diego Padres of Major League Baseball (MLB). He is the son of former MLB player Fernando Tatís Sr.

Tatís made his MLB debut in 2019 as a shortstop. He won the Silver Slugger Award in 2020 and signed a 14-year, $340 million contract extension before the 2021 season. He was named an All-Star in 2021 and won a second Silver Slugger Award, before missing the 2022 season due to injury and a suspension for using a performance-enhancing substance. Tatís won a Platinum Glove Award in 2023, when he was moved to right field. Tatís made All-Star appearances again in 2024 and 2025.

Right fielder
A right fielder, abbreviated RF, is the outfielder in baseball or softball who plays defense in right field. Right field is the area of the outfield to the right of a person standing at home plate and facing towards the pitcher's mound. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the right fielder is assigned the number 9.
Kamila Karpiel
Kamila Karpiel (born 25 November 2001) is a Polish female ski jumper. She is a member of the national team, two-time Polish Champion (2017, 2018) and competed at the 2019 World Championships.

Her best place in the World Cup competition is 26th in Ljubno ob Savinji during the 2018–2019 season.

On 2 March 2019 she took part in the mixed team, alongside Kamil Stoch, Dawid Kubacki and Kinga Rajda, at the 2019 World Championships, it was Poland's debut in the mixed team at World Championships. Polish mixed team was surprisingly in third after the first round and took 6th place at the end.

Ljubno ob Savinji
Ljubno ob Savinji (pronounced [ˈljuːbnɔ ɔp saˈʋiːnji]; German: Laufen) is the largest settlement and the centre of the Municipality of Ljubno on the upper course of the Savinja River in Slovenia. The town is referred to as Ljubno ob Savinji in order to distinguish it from other settlements named Ljubno. Traditionally it belonged to the region of Styria and is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region. The settlement was first mentioned in written documents dating to 1247, and by 1442 it was classified as a market town.
John W. Wydler
John Waldemar Wydler (June 9, 1924 – August 4, 1987) was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from New York.

Wydler was born in Brooklyn. He served in the United States Army Air Corps from 1942 until 1945. He graduated from Brown University in 1947 and Harvard Law School in 1950. He served in the United States attorney's office for the Eastern District of New York from 1953 until 1959. He was elected to Congress in 1962 and served from January 3, 1963, until January 3, 1981. He was a delegate to the 1968 Republican National Convention.

On December 24, 1987, the U.S. Post Office at Garden City, New York was named in his honor.  In addition, the John W. Wydler Government Documents Depository, Axinn Library, at Hofstra University, was also dedicated to him. Wydler is buried in the Cemetery of the Holy Rood in Westbury, New York.

1968 Republican National Convention
The 1968 Republican National Convention was held at the Miami Beach Convention Center in Miami Beach, Florida, USA, from August 5 to August 8, 1968, to select the party's nominee in the general election. It nominated former Vice President of the United States Richard Nixon for President of the United States and then Governor of Maryland Spiro Agnew for vice president. It was the fourth time Nixon had been nominated on the Republican ticket as either its vice presidential (1952 United States presidential election and 1956 United States presidential election) or presidential candidate (1960 United States presidential election). Symbolic of the South's changing political affiliation, this was the first Republican National Convention held in a prior Confederate State.
The Rock n Roll Rats
The Rock n Roll Rats are a Canadian punk rock group formed in 2009 in Calgary, Alberta.  The Rock n Roll Rats are influenced by punk rock bands including The Ramones, The Forgotten Rebels, Teenage Head, and The Misfits. This pop-punk quad plays three and four chord songs in a medium tempo and often puts the "hook" to their songs out front and centre. The Rock n Roll Rats do not align themselves with any specific ideologies or political views, instead writing songs about their love for punk rock.

Richie Ramone
Richard Reinhardt (born August 11, 1957) is an American drummer best known by his stage name Richie Ramone, and for being the drummer for the punk band the Ramones from February 1983 until August 1987. As of 2025, he is one of three surviving members of the band, the others being Marky Ramone and C.J. Ramone. Richie appeared on three studio albums with the Ramones and played on Joey Ramone's second solo album ...Ya Know? He has later released three solo albums and currently fronts his own solo band.
Henning Mühlleitner
Henning Mühlleitner (born 15 July 1997) is a German swimmer. He competed in the men's 400 metre freestyle event at the 2018 European Aquatics Championships, winning the bronze medal and a gold medal in the 4 × 200 m mixed freestyle relay. The 2020 Tokyo Olympian placed 4th in the men's 400 metre freestyle. At the 2022 European Aquatics Championships, Henning went on to achieve a bronze medal in the men's 400 metre freestyle. He trains with his club coach, Matt Magee, at ONEflow Aquatics in Neckarsulm, Germany.

2018 European Aquatics Championships
The 2018 European Aquatics Championships took place in Glasgow, Edinburgh and Luss in the central belt of Scotland, from 3 to 12 August 2018.

The championships were part of the first European Championships with other events happening in Scotland and Berlin.
Grey rock method
The grey rock method, colloquially called gray rocking, is a communication pattern to deliberately act unresponsive and uninterested to encourage disengagement with difficult people. By adopting the dull qualities of a gray rock, the technique of gray rocking negates the emotional reaction people try to elicit.

The term was coined in 2012 by an American mental-health blogger named Skylar.

No clinical studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of the Grey rock method, but anecdotal evidence has suggested that it is effective on individuals with Narcissistic Personality Disorder and in situations of emotional abuse.

Psychological abuse
Psychological abuse, often known as emotional abuse or mental abuse, is a form of abuse characterized by a person knowingly or intentionally exposing another person to a behavior that results in psychological trauma, including anxiety, chronic depression, clinical depression or post-traumatic stress disorder amongst other psychological reactions.

It is often associated with situations of controlling behavior in abusive relationships, and may include bullying, gaslighting, abuse in the workplace, amongst other behaviors that may cause an individual to feel unsafe.
Eremophila chamaephila
Eremophila chamaephila, commonly known as earth-loving poverty bush, is a flowering plant in the figwort family, Scrophulariaceae, and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a low, dense, spreading shrub with small, fleshy leaves and mauve to purple flowers.

Scrophulariaceae
The Scrophulariaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the figwort family.  The plants are annual and perennial herbs, as well as shrubs.  Flowers have bilateral (zygomorphic) or rarely radial  (actinomorphic) symmetry.  The Scrophulariaceae have a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including tropical mountains.  The family name is based on the name of the included genus Scrophularia L.
Anatoly Kononenko
Anatoly Ilyich Kononenko (Russian: Анатолий Ильич Кононенко; February 21, 1935 – April 29, 2010) was a Soviet sprint canoer who competed in the early 1960s. At the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, he finished fifth in the K-1 4 × 500 m event. He was born in Rostov-on-Don.

Canoeing at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's K-1 4 × 500 metres
The men's K-1 4 × 500 metres event was a relay kayaking event conducted over 500 meters as part of the Canoeing at the 1960 Summer Olympics program on Lake Albano. This would be the only time this event was held in the Summer Olympics though it was part of the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships from 1948 to 1975.
Magnolia Grange
The Magnolia Grange is a historic mansion located across from the Chesterfield County Courthouse in Chesterfield, Chesterfield County, Virginia. This brick plantation house was built in 1823,  and is a two-story, five-bay, brick dwelling in the Federal style. It is known for its elaborate woodwork and ornamental ceiling medallions.

The house was restored in the 1970s with Zuber scenic wallpaper of a hunting landscape that was installed in the front hallway. Magnolia Grange was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

The plantation house is operated as a historic house museum by the Chesterfield Historical Society.

Chesterfield County, Virginia
Chesterfield County is a county located just south of Richmond in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The county's borders are primarily defined by the James River to the north and the Appomattox River to the south. Its county seat is Chesterfield Court House.

Chesterfield County was formed in 1749 from parts of Henrico County. It was named for Philip Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield, a prominent English statesman who had been the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.

As of the 2020 census, the population was 364,548, making it the fourth-most populous county in Virginia (behind Fairfax, Prince William, and Loudoun, respectively). Chesterfield County is part of the Greater Richmond Region, and the county refers to much of the northern portion as "North Chesterfield".
Persoz pendulum
A Persoz pendulum is a device used for measuring hardness of materials. The instrument consists of a pendulum which is free to swing on two balls resting on a coated test panel. The pendulum hardness test is based on the principle that the amplitude of the pendulum's oscillation will decrease more quickly when supported on a softer surface. The hardness of any given coating is given by the number of oscillations made by the pendulum within the specified limits of amplitude determined by accurately positioned photo sensors. An electronic counter records the number of swings made by the pendulum

Amplitude
The amplitude of a periodic variable is a measure of its change in a single period (such as time or spatial period). The amplitude of a non-periodic signal is its magnitude compared with a reference value. There are various definitions of amplitude (see below), which are all functions of the magnitude of the differences between the variable's extreme values. In older texts, the phase of a periodic function is sometimes called the amplitude.
Battle of Zlatitsa
The Battle of Zlatitsa was fought on 12 December 1443 between the Ottoman Empire and Serbian and Hungarian troops in the Balkans as part of the larger Crusade of Varna. The battle was fought at Zlatitsa Pass (Bulgarian: Златишки проход) (Turkish: İzladi Derbendi) near the town of Zlatitsa in the Balkan Mountains, Ottoman Empire (modern-day Bulgaria). The impatience of the King of Poland and the severity of the winter then compelled John Hunyadi to return home in February 1444, but not before he had utterly broken the Sultan's power in Bosnia, Herzegovina, Serbia, Bulgaria, and Albania.

Beylerbey
Beylerbey (Ottoman Turkish: بكلربكی, romanized: beylerbeyi, lit. 'bey of beys', meaning the 'commander of commanders' or 'lord of lords’, sometimes rendered governor-general) was a high rank in the western Islamic world in the late Middle Ages and early modern period, from the Anatolian Seljuks and the Ilkhanids to Safavid Iran and the Ottoman Empire. Initially designating a commander-in-chief, it eventually came to be held by senior provincial governors. In Ottoman usage, where the rank survived the longest, it designated the governors-general of some of the largest and most important provinces, although in later centuries it became devalued into a mere honorific title. The title is originally Turkic and its equivalents in Arabic were amir al-umara, and in Persian, mir-i miran.
Peace & Prosperity
Peace & Prosperity (Chinese: 富贵平安) ran for 170 episodes series produced by Mediacorp Channel 8. It stars Xiang Yun, Desmond Tan, Belinda Lee, Tong Bingyu,  Dawn Yeoh, Tracy Lee, Julie Tan, Michelle Wong and Zhang Wei as the casts in this series.

The show replaced the second half of the 7.00 pm drama timeslot, airing weekdays from April 4, 2016, 7.30 pm to 8.00 pm on weekdays making it the 3rd long form half hour drama airing together with news-current affairs programme Hello Singapore at 6.30pm.

Channel 8 (Singaporean TV channel)
Channel 8 (Chinese: 8頻道) is a Singaporean Mandarin-language free-to-air terrestrial television channel in Singapore, owned by state media conglomerate Mediacorp. The channel broadcasts general entertainment and news programming in the Mandarin language, including original and imported programming.

The channel began a series of experimental broadcasts on 31 August 1963, and officially launched on 22 November 1963. As with its sister Channel 5, the channel initially aired programming in all four of Singapore's official languages, with Channel 8 initially having a particular focus on the Chinese and Tamil communities. In 1973, this scope was formalised, with Channel 8 primarily broadcasting Chinese and Tamil-language programmes. In compliance with the government's Speak Mandarin Campaign, Chinese programming on the channel later broadcast solely in Mandarin Chinese. In 1995, Tamil programmes moved to Prime 12, with Channel 8 focusing exclusively on Mandarin programming.