hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Khirbat Al-Lawz
Khirbat Al-Lawz was a Palestinian Arab village in the Jerusalem Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War on July 13, 1948, by the Har'el Brigade of Operation Dani. It was located 11 km west of Jerusalem, situated north of Wadi al-Sarar.

Operation Dani
Operation Dani, also spelled Danny, was an Israeli military offensive launched on July 9–19, 1948 at the end of the first truce of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. The objectives were to capture territory east of Tel Aviv and then to push inland and relieve the Jewish population and forces in Jerusalem. The main forces fighting against the IDF were the Arab Legion and Palestinian irregulars

On 10 July, Glubb Pasha ordered the defending Arab Legion troops to "make arrangements ... for a phony war".

The operation commander was Yigal Allon and his deputy was Yitzhak Rabin. The total force numbered around 6,000 soldiers.
Theophilus Keene
Theophilus Keene (1680–1718) was an Anglo-Irish stage actor and theatre manager.

Keene was from a Presbyterian background. He originally began acting at the Smock Alley Theatre in Dublin. Having arrived in London from Ireland in 1704, he appeared as part of the company at the Drury Lane Theatre until 1714. Along with Christopher Bullock he took over the management of the Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre in 1717, at the time one of two patent theatres in London. The co-managers worked together for one season after replacing the "broke" John Rich before Keene's death after a fall from a horse while riding in the county.

Following his death in 1718 a biography of him Memoirs of the Life of Mr. Theophilus Keene was produced by Richard Savage.

Richard Savage (poet)
Richard Savage (c. 1697 – 1 August 1743) was an English poet. He is best known as the subject of Samuel Johnson's Life of Savage, originally published anonymously in 1744, which is one of the most elaborate of Johnson's Lives of the English Poets.
HD 2942
HD 2942 is a triple star system in the constellation Andromeda located approximately 170 parsecs (550 ly) away.

The primary component, a red giant of spectral type K0III, has an apparent magnitude of 6.33, meaning that it is barely visible with the naked eye under good conditions.

The secondary component is much fainter, with an apparent magnitude 11.26, and is located 8.6 arcseconds away. It is a double-lined spectroscopic binary, where two very similar G-type main sequence stars of spectral types G6V and G8V orbit around their common center of mass in 7.489 days. The pair complete an orbit around the primary star every 24,762 years.

Catalogues of stellar multiplicity, like the Washington Double Star Catalog, usually list another component; this star, however, is located much more far away than the other two.

G-type main-sequence star
A G-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence star of spectral type G. The spectral luminosity class is V.  Such a star has about 0.9 to 1.1 solar masses and an effective temperature between about 5,300 and 6,000 K (5,000 and 5,700 °C; 9,100 and 10,000 °F).  Like other main-sequence stars, a G-type main-sequence star converts the element hydrogen to helium in its core by means of nuclear fusion.

The Sun is an example of a G-type main-sequence star (more specifically a G2V star). Each second, the Sun fuses approximately 600 million tons of hydrogen into helium in a process known as the proton–proton chain (4 hydrogens form 1 helium), converting about 4 million tons of matter to energy. Besides the Sun, other well-known examples of G-type main-sequence stars include Alpha Centauri, Tau Ceti, and 51 Pegasi.
Dave Hullfish Bailey
Dave Hullfish Bailey (born 1963) is an American sculptor.

Bailey holds a BA from Carleton College, an MTS from Harvard Divinity School, and an MFA from the Art Center College of Design. He also studied at the Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture. He has taught in art, architecture and public practice programs at several universities.

His work was included in the Brisbane Art Design 2019 exhibition. In 2020, his work was included in the Busan Biennale.
In 2018 he received the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation for Creative Arts, US & Canada. In 2018-19 he was named the Freund Teaching Fellow at Saint Louis Art Museum and Sam Fox School at Washington University in St. Louis.

Carleton College
Carleton College (/ˈkɑːrltɪn/ KARL-tin) is a private liberal arts college in Northfield, Minnesota, United States. Founded in 1866, the 200-acre (81 ha) main campus is between Northfield and the approximately 800-acre (320 ha) Cowling Arboretum, which became part of the campus in the 1920s.

The college offers courses from 33 major programs and 39 minor programs, and has the option for students to design their own majors. Carleton's varsity sports compete at the NCAA Division III level in the Minnesota Intercollegiate Athletic Conference.
Hôtel de Klinglin
The Hôtel de Klinglin, currently known as the Hôtel du Préfet, is a historic building located near the Place Broglie on the Grande Île in the city center of Strasbourg, in the French department of the Bas-Rhin. It has been classified as a monument historique since 1970.

The Hôtel de Klinglin currently serves as the residence of the prefect of the department of Bas-Rhin. It should not be confused with the Préfecture administrative on the Place de la République, which houses the administrative functions of the prefect.

Bas-Rhin
Bas-Rhin (French pronunciation: [bɑ ʁɛ̃] ⓘ) is a department in Alsace which is a part of the Grand Est region of France. The name means 'Lower Rhine', referring to its lower altitude among the two French Rhine departments: it is downstream of the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine) department. Both belong to the European Upper Rhine region. It is, with the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine), one of the two departments of the traditional Alsace region which until 1871, also included the area now known as the Territoire de Belfort. The more populous and densely populated of the pair, it had 1,152,662 inhabitants in 2021. The prefecture is based in Strasbourg. The INSEE and Post Code is 67.

On 1 January 2021, the departemental councils of Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin merged into the European Collectivity of Alsace.

The inhabitants of the department are known as Bas-Rhinois or Bas-Rhinoises.
Dengizich
Dengizich (died in 469), was a Hunnic ruler and son of Attila. After Attila's death in 453 AD, his empire crumbled and its remains were ruled by his three sons, Ellac, Dengizich and Ernak. Dengizich succeeded his older brother Ellac in AD 454, and probably ruled simultaneously over the Huns in dual kingship with his brother Ernak, but separate divisions in separate lands.

Peter Heather
Peter John Heather (born 8 June 1960) is a British historian of late antiquity and the Early Middle Ages. Heather holds the statutory Chair of Medieval History in the Department of History at King's College London. He specialises in the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the Goths, on which he for decades has been considered the world's leading authority.
Abamectin
Abamectin (also called avermectin B1) is a widely used insecticide and anthelmintic. Abamectin, is a member of the avermectin family and is a natural fermentation product of soil dwelling actinomycete Streptomyces avermitilis. Abamectin differs from ivermectin, the popular member of the avermectin family, by a double bond between carbons 22 and 23. Fermentation of Streptomyces avermitilis yields eight closely related avermectin homologs, with the B1a and B1b forms comprising the majority of the fermentation. The non-proprietary name, abamectin, refers to a mixture of B1a (~80%) and B1b (~20%). Out of all the avermectins, abamectin is the only one that is used both in agriculture and pharmaceuticals.

Actinomycetales
The Actinomycetales is an order of Actinomycetota. A member of the order is often called an actinomycete. Actinomycetales are generally gram-positive and anaerobic and have mycelia in a filamentous and branching growth pattern. Some actinomycetes can form rod- or coccoid-shaped forms, while others can form spores on aerial hyphae. Actinomycetales bacteria can be infected by bacteriophages, which are called actinophages. Actinomycetales can range from harmless bacteria to pathogens with resistance to antibiotics.
Konsmo Church
Konsmo Church (Norwegian: Konsmo kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Lyngdal Municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the village of Konsmo. It is the church for the Konsmo parish which is part of the Lister og Mandal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. The white, wooden church was built in a cruciform design in 1802 using plans drawn up by the architect Arne Bjørnson Listad. The church seats about 400 people.

Diocese of Agder og Telemark
The Diocese of Agder og Telemark (Norwegian: Agder og Telemark bispedømme) is a diocese of the Church of Norway, covering all of Agder county and Telemark county in Norway. The cathedral city is Kristiansand, Norway's fifth largest city. Kristiansand Cathedral serves as the seat of the presiding Bishop. The bishop since 2013 has been Stein Reinertsen. As of 1 January 2003, there were 347,324 members of the Church of Norway in the diocese.
Politics of Zimbabwe
The politics of Zimbabwe occurs in a society deeply divided along lines of race, ethnicity, gender and geography. The ZANU–PF party has historically been dominant in Zimbabwe politics. The party, which was led by Robert Mugabe from 1980 to 2017, has used the powers of the state to intimidate, imprison and otherwise hobble political opposition in Zimbabwe, as well as use state funds and state media to advance the interests of the party.

Per the 2013 Constitution, Zimbabwe is a full presidential republic, whereby the President is the head of state and government. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament. The status of Zimbabwean politics has been thrown into question by a 2017 coup.

Zimbabwe has been undergoing an economic crisis since the late 1990s.

Shona people
The Shona people (/ˈʃoʊnə/), also/formerly known as the Karanga, are a Bantu ethnic group native to Southern Africa, primarily living in Zimbabwe where they form the majority of the population, as well as Mozambique, South Africa, and worldwide diaspora. There are six major Shona language/dialect clusters:  Manyika, Karanga, Zezuru, Korekore, Kalanga, and Ndau. The Shona make up at least 70% of the population in Zimbabwe with the Ndebele forming a minority(20%). They speak the Shona language, called chiShona. They migrated from the Congo River basin towards the end of the first millenium and settled in the present day Zimbabwe, where they established a great civilization.
Obor metro station
Obor is a metro station in Bucharest, Romania, near one of the city's largest open-air markets, also named Obor. The station, part of the M1 line, originally opened on August 17, 1989, as part of the metro extension from  Gara de Nord to Dristor.

The station underwent significant refurbishment and was closed for over 10 months, reopening on May 25, 2008. This renovation was part of a broader project to facilitate the construction of a new overground passage for trams. The station's interior features a blue color scheme, with pillars separating the two sides of the platform. It is currently serving by the M1 line.

The Obor metro station is well-connected to the city's surface transportation network, providing connections to several STB services, including tram lines 1, 10 and 21, as well as bus routes 330 and 335. The station's strategic location and connectivity make it a vital hub for both metro and surface transportation in Bucharest.

Societatea de Transport București
Societatea de Transport București (stylized as STB; English: Bucharest Transport Company) is the main public transit operator in Bucharest, Romania, owned by the Municipality of Bucharest. From 1990 to 2018, the company had a different legal status and was known as the Regia Autonomă de Transport București (RATB).

STB operates under TPBI a complex network of buses, trolleybuses, light rail and trams.

In 2019, STB had an average of approximately 1,180,000 daily individual rides of which 540,000 with buses, 520,000 with light rail and trams, and 120,000 with trolleybuses.
Cyrille Sauvage
Cyrille Sauvage (born 16 January 1973 in Cannes) is a French racing driver. He has competed in such series as International Formula 3000 and Porsche Supercup. He won both the Championnat de France Formule Renault and the Eurocup Formula Renault in 1995.

Porsche Supercup
The Porsche Supercup (officially known as Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup, known as Porsche Michelin Supercup prior to 2007 and often abbreviated as PSC) is an international one-make production stock car racing series supporting the FIA Formula One World Championship organized by Porsche Motorsport GmbH.

Porsche Supercup drivers compete in identical Porsche 911 GT3 Cup cars. On average, 24 race cars take part in each race. Most circuits visited by the series are European, although circuits in Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, the United States and Mexico have been included in the calendar as well.
Hotspot Ecosystem Research and Man's Impact On European Seas
Hotspot Ecosystem Research and Man's Impact On European Seas (HERMIONE) is an international multidisciplinary project, started in April 2009, that studies deep-sea ecosystems.  HERMIONE scientists study the distribution of hotspot ecosystems, how they function and how they interconnect, partially in the context of how these ecosystems are being affected by climate change and impacted by humans through overfishing, resource extraction, seabed installations (oil platforms, etc.) and pollution.  Major aims of the project are to understand how humans are affecting the deep-sea environment and to provide policy makers with accurate scientific information, enabling effective management strategies to protect deep sea ecosystems. The HERMIONE project is funded by the European Commission's Seventh Framework Programme, and is the successor to the HERMES project, which concluded in March 2009.

Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development
The Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development, also called Framework Programmes or abbreviated FP1 to FP9, are funding programmes created by the European Union/European Commission to support and foster research in the European Research Area (ERA). Starting in 2014, the funding programmes were named Horizon.

The funding programmes began in 1984 and continue to the present day. The most recent programme, Horizon Europe, has a budget of 95.5 billion Euros to be distributed over 7 years.

The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods. In FP6 and FP7, focus was on technological research. In Horizon 2020, the focus was on innovation, delivering economic growth faster, and delivering solutions to end users that are often governmental agencies.
Fokserød
Fokserød is a village in Sandefjord Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. The village is located along the European route E18 highway, just west of the Sandefjord Airport, Torp. The village lies about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the north of the city of Sandefjord. Fokserød is located between the Haukerød borough to the south and the village of Fevang to the north. Due to its proximity to the city of Sandefjord, Fokserød is considered a part of the city of statistical purposes by Statistics Norway. The statistical area Fokserød, which also can include the peripheral parts of the village as well as the surrounding countryside, had a population of 822 in 2007.

European route E18
European route E18 runs between Craigavon in Northern Ireland and Saint Petersburg in Russia, passing through Scotland, England, Norway, Sweden and Finland. It is about 1,890 kilometres (1,170 miles) in length.

Although the designation implies the possibility of a through journey, this is no longer practical as there are no direct car ferry crossings between the United Kingdom and Norway.
Andrea Reichstein
Andrea Reichstein or Andrea Bienias (born 11 November 1959) is a German athlete. She competed in the women's high jump at the 1980 Summer Olympics. She cleared 1m 91 cm and was placed sixth. She married the decathlete Gert Bienias in 1981. She was placed first in the European Athletics Indoor Championships in 1986.

She became East German champion in 1981, 1982, 1984 and 1986 and also won two silver and three bronze medals between 1977 and 1985. She also became East German indoor champion in 1986 and took four silvers and one bronze, 1969, 1970 and 1972. She competed for the sports club SC DHfK Leipzig.

European Athletics Indoor Championships
The European Athletics Indoor Championships is a biennial indoor track and field competition for European athletes that is organised by the European Athletic Association. It was held for the first time in 1970, replacing the European Indoor Games, its predecessor event first held in 1966.

The championships was an annual event until 1990, when it was changed to its current biennial format. A gap of three years occurred after the 2002 edition to synchronize the event with the other major championships of international athletics. The event is hosted by a different European city each year.
Balanit
Balanit (Hebrew: בלנית: Ancient Greek: βαλανεῖον) is a Jewish woman who assists and supervises those immersing in the mikveh, a bath used for ritual immersion in Judaism, ensuring they fulfill the requirements of immersion in accordance with the Halakha (Jewish law).

Ritual washing in Judaism
In Judaism, ritual washing, or ablution, takes two main forms. Tevilah (Hebrew: טְבִילָה, romanized: ṭəb̲îlā) is a full body immersion in a mikveh, and netilat yadayim is the washing of the hands with a cup (see Handwashing in Judaism).

References to ritual washing are found in the Hebrew Bible, and are elaborated in the Mishnah and Talmud. They have been codified in various codes of Jewish law and tradition, such as Maimonides' Mishneh Torah (12th century) and Joseph Karo's Shulchan Aruch (16th century). These practices are most commonly observed within Orthodox Judaism. In Conservative Judaism, the practices are normative, with certain leniencies and exceptions. Ritual washing is not generally performed in Reform Judaism.
Wilcox Solar Observatory
The Wilcox Solar Observatory (WSO) is a solar observatory in Stanford, California that is used to produce daily observations of the magnetic and velocity field at the Sun's surface. It began daily observations of the Sun's mean magnetic field in May 1975. Formerly known as the Stanford Solar Observatory, it is operated by Stanford University and is located 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) south of the Stanford University campus. It would later be named after solar physicist John M. Wilcox. WSO has historically been funded by NASA Heliophysics, the National Science Foundation, and the Office of Naval Research.

WSO uses a Littrow spectrograph together with a Babcock magnetograph on the
5250 Å iron-1 spectral line, which it compares to the close by and magnetically insensitive iron-1 line at 5124 Å, to estimate the line-of-sight photospheric magnetic field to within 0.04 gauss.

Spectral line
A spectral line is a weaker or stronger region in an otherwise uniform and continuous spectrum. It may result from emission or absorption of light in a narrow frequency range, compared with the nearby frequencies. Spectral lines are often used to identify atoms and molecules. These "fingerprints" can be compared to the previously collected ones of atoms and molecules, and are thus used to identify the atomic and molecular components of stars and planets, which would otherwise be impossible.
Mount Globus
Mount Globus (54°19′S 37°0′W﻿ / ﻿54.317°S 37.000°W﻿ / -54.317; -37.000) is a mountain, 1,270 metres (4,170 ft) high, between Fanning Ridge and Mount Corneliussen at the west end of the Allardyce Range of South Georgia. It was surveyed by the South Georgia Survey in the period 1951–57, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Hvalfangerselskapet Globus A/S, a Norwegian whaling company founded in 1924, which first used the plan patented by Petter Sorlle for processing whales in a factory ship fitted with a slipway.

Factory ship
A factory ship, also known as a fish processing vessel, is a large ocean-going vessel with extensive on-board facilities for processing and freezing caught fish or whales. Modern factory ships are automated and enlarged versions of the earlier whalers, and their use for fishing has grown dramatically. Some factory ships are equipped to serve as a mother ship.
Yan'an Nanniwan Airport
Yan'an Nanniwan Airport (IATA: ENY, ICAO: ZLYA) is a dual-use military and public airport serving the city of Yan'an in northern Shaanxi Province. It is located in Liulin Town (柳林), Baota District, 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) southwest of the city center.

Yan'an was formerly served by Yan'an Ershilipu Airport. In 2002, the Yan'an city government proposed the construction of a new airport to replace Ershilipu and it was approved by the Chinese national government in 2009. Nanniwan Airport was opened on 8 November 2018 with an inaugural China Eastern Airlines flight from Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport, and all civil flights were transferred to Nanniwan from Ershilipu Airport.

China Eastern Airlines
China Eastern Airlines (branded as China Eastern) is a major airline in China, headquartered in Changning, Shanghai. It is one of the three major airlines in the country, along with Air China and China Southern Airlines.

China Eastern's main hubs are Shanghai Pudong International Airport and Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport, both located in Shanghai. In terms of passenger traffic, it is the country's second largest airline after China Southern Airlines. In 2021, its operational revenue was 67,127 million RMB with assets totaling 286,548 million RMB. China Eastern (along with its subsidiary Shanghai Airlines) became the 14th member of SkyTeam on June 21, 2011.
Ashburn (surname)
Ashburn is a surname.  In England, men living near an important, named waterway might be named after it, as in the case of Ashburn originating from "ash tree brook".  An alternative English origin states that Ashburn is a variant of Ashborn, which itself descended from several surnames in use during the 14th and 15th centuries.

Notable people who share this surname include:

Cliff Ashburn (1905–1989), American football player

George W. Ashburn (1814–1868), assassinated American politician

Ida Nancy Ashburn (1909–1980), Australian headmistress and nurse

Justin Ashburn (born 1981), American race car driver

Kristen Ashburn (born 1973), American photojournalist

Percy Moreau Ashburn (1872–1940), United States Army medical officer

Richie Ashburn (1927–1997), American baseball player

Roy Ashburn (born 1954), American politician

Thomas Q. Ashburn (judge) (1820–1890), American judge

Thomas Q. Ashburn (general) (1874–1941), United States Army officer

Kristen Ashburn
Kristen Ashburn is an American photojournalist. She is best known for her work photographing the impact of AIDS in southern Africa.

Ashburn is based in New York City and Miami, where she resides with her husband and daughter.
Gulnafis Aitmukhambetova
Gulnafis Aytmukhambetova (born 2 February 1988 in Atyrau) is a Kazakhstani taekwondo practitioner. She competed in the 67 kg event at the 2012 Summer Olympics and was eliminated by Franka Anić in the preliminary round.

Atyrau
Atyrau (UK: /ˌætɪˈraʊ, -ˈrɔː/, US: /ˌɑːtɪˈraʊ, -ˈrɔː/; Kazakh: Атырау, pronounced [ɑtəˈrɑw] ⓘ; Russian: Атырау), known until 1991 as Guryev (Russian: Гурьев), is a city in Kazakhstan and the capital of Atyrau Region. Atyrau is a transcontinental city, at the mouth of the Ural River on the Caspian Sea, between Europe and Asia, 2,700 kilometres (1,700 miles) west of Almaty and 351 kilometres (218 miles) east of the Russian city of Astrakhan.

Atyrau is famous for its oil and gas industries. It has a population of 355,117 as of 2020. It is predominantly made up of Kazakhs, the minorities being Russians, Koreans, Tatars and Uzbeks.