hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Company They Keep
The Company They Keep: C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien as Writers in Community (2007) is a non-fiction book written by Diana Pavlac Glyer, an Inklings scholar and English professor at Azusa Pacific University. The Company They Keep challenges the commonly held belief that the Inklings did not influence each other through a detailed and engaging examination of both published and unpublished works, papers, and letters written by J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, Owen Barfield, Warren Lewis and the lesser-known writers who comprised the Inklings.

Dr. Glyer provides the historical context for C.S. Lewis' famous statement that one doesn't influence Tolkien, one "might as well try to influence a bandersnatch!" and examines the ways the Inklings both inspired and provoked each other into writing better, more distinctly individual works than they would have without the group.

Warren Lewis
Warren Hamilton Lewis (16 June 1895 – 9 April 1973) was an Irish historian and officer in the British Army, best known as the elder brother of writer and professor C. S. Lewis. Warren Lewis was a supply officer with the Royal Army Service Corps of the British Army during and after the First World War. After retiring in 1932 to live with his brother in Oxford, he was one of the founding members of the Inklings, an informal Oxford literary society. He wrote on French history, and served as his brother's secretary for the later years of C. S. Lewis's life.
2011 UCI Para-cycling Track World Championships – Mixed team sprint
The Men's team sprint at the 2011 UCI Para-cycling Track World Championships was held on March 13.

15 nations of 3 cyclists each participated in the contest. After the qualifying, the fastest 2 teams raced for gold, and 3rd and 4th teams raced for bronze.

2011 UCI Para-cycling Track World Championships
The 2011 UCI Para-cycling Track World Championships were the World Championships for track cycling where athletes with a physical disability competed in 2011. The Championships took place at the Montichiari Velodrome in Montichiari, Italy from 11 to 13 March 2011.
Kongshavn (surname)
Kongshavn is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Emilie Nicolas Kongshavn (born 1987), Norwegian singer-songwriter

Gudmund Taksdal Kongshavn (born 1991), Norwegian footballer

Harry Kongshavn (1899–1969), Norwegian chess player

Scandinavian family name etymology
Heritable family names were generally adopted rather late within Scandinavia. Nobility were the first to take names that would be passed on from one generation to the next. Later, clergy, artisans and merchants in cities took heritable names. Family names (surnames) were still used together with primary patronyms (father's name plus an affix denoting relationship), which were used by all social classes. This meant that most families until modern times did not have surnames. Scandinavian patronyms were generally derived from the father's given name with the addition of a suffix meaning 'son' or 'daughter' or by occupation like Møller - ( Miller ) naming tradition remained commonly used throughout the Scandinavian countries during the time of surname formation.
Forms of the patronymic suffixes include: -son, -sen, -fen, -søn, -ler, -zen, -zon/zoon, and -sson,'datter'.
Xia Gang
Xia Gang (Chinese: 夏钢; born 1953) is a Chinese film director. A graduate of the 1982 class of the Beijing Film Academy, Xia is a member of the so-called Fifth Generation, though unlike his classmates Tian Zhuangzhuang and Chen Kaige, he did not gain prominence until relatively later, in the late 1980s.

Like his contemporary Huang Jianxin, Xia's works have focused on modern urban relationships and particularly marriage and love. His film Yesterday's Wine (1995) is most indicative of his interest in modernity and relationships, as it details a young woman's maturation in a modern Chinese city.

Huang Jianxin
Huang Jianxin (born 14 June 1954) is a Chinese filmmaker. He also writes film scripts under the pen name Huang Xin. He is normally considered part of the fifth generation of Chinese filmmakers (a group that includes Chen Kaige, Zhang Yimou and Tian Zhuangzhuang), due to shared traits in his works, although he was not a strictly a member of the inaugural 1982 class of the Beijing Film Academy. Additionally, Huang's films are distinguished from his contemporaries in that they focused on urban contemporary life, as contrasted to historical dramas, as well as for their satirical observations of the Chinese bureaucracy.
Pugs (compiler)
Pugs is a compiler and interpreter for the Raku programming language, begun on 1 February 2005, by Audrey Tang. Raku was then called Perl 6.

As of 21 April 2010, Pugs development was placed on hiatus, with most Raku implementation efforts moving to Rakudo.

Rakudo
Rakudo is a Raku compiler targeting MoarVM, and the Java Virtual Machine, that implements the Raku specification. It is currently the only major Raku compiler in active development.

Originally developed within the Parrot project, the Rakudo source code repository was split from the project in February 2009 so that it could be developed independently, although there were still many dependencies at the time. Rakudo is written in C, Raku, and the lightweight Raku subset NQP (Not Quite Perl).

Rakudo Perl #14 was released in February 2009, codenamed Vienna after the Perl mongers group that had sponsored one of its developers since April 2008. Subsequent releases have used codenames based on Perl mongers groups.

The first major release of a distribution of both compiler and modules (named "Rakudo *" or "Rakudo Star") was on July 29, 2010.
Spartak-Junost
Spartak Junost (Russian: Спартак Юность) are a junior-level synchronized skating team from Yekaterinburg, Russia. They are 2017 and 2018 World Junior Synchronized Skating Championships gold medalist. They have also won bronze medal at the 2013 World Junior Synchronized Skating Championships, held in Helsinki, Finland.

ISU World Junior Synchronized Skating Championships
The ISU World Junior Synchronized Skating Championships (WJSSC) are the junior world championships for the sport of synchronized skating. Held first time in 2013 and originally planned to be held biennially, the WJSSC is now an annual event sanctioned by the International Skating Union.
Jubilee (solitaire)
Jubilee is the name given to two solitaire card games, both played with two decks of playing cards. Both games are so-called because they were created during the time of the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria in 1887. One of the games has an ornate layout, while the other is simpler and it belongs to the family of games which include Sir Tommy, Strategy, and Calculation.

Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria
The Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria was celebrated on 20 and 21 June 1887 to mark the 50th anniversary of Queen Victoria's accession on 20 June 1837. It was celebrated with a Thanksgiving Service at Westminster Abbey, and a banquet to which 50 European kings and princes were invited.
Areacandona yuleae
Areacandona yuleae is a species of freshwater ostracod crustacean in the family Candonidae. It was originally described in 2007  by Ivana Karanovic, from specimens collected from the Pilbara region in Western Australia.

Candonidae
Candonidae is a family of ostracods, containing around 25% of all known species of freshwater ostracods. Around 75% of genera in the family are endemic to a single zoogeographic region. It contains more than 500 species, of which more than 300 are endemic to the Palearctic realm.

Cyclocypridinae are generally good swimmers, but Candoninae is unable to swim.

Paracypridinae lives in marine and brackish waters, although a few can live in freshwater.
FC Aragvi Dusheti
FC Aragvi (Georgian: საფეხბურთო კლუბი არაგვი) is a Georgian association football club. Following the 2025 season, they were promoted to Erovnuli Liga 2, the 2nd tier of Georgian football.

Although registered in Dusheti, Aragvi have not played there since 2019, holding home matches in Mtskheta, Tbilisi and Sartichala instead.

FC Guria Lanchkhuti
FC Guria (Georgian: საფეხბურთო კლუბი გურია) is a Georgian association football club from Lanchkhuti. Following the 2025 season, they were promoted to Liga 3, the third tier of the national league.

Being one of the strongest Georgian teams in the late 1980s and early 1990s, Guria played in the Soviet Top league and also won the national cup. They later played fifteen seasons in the Umaglesi Liga, twice claiming silver medals.

The team plays their home matches at the Evgrapi Shevardnadze Stadium.
Consumer Futures
The New National Consumer Council, operating as Consumer Futures, was a non-departmental public body and statutory consumer organisation in England, Wales, Scotland, and, for postal services, Northern Ireland. It was established by the Consumers, Estate Agents and Redress Act 2007, and began operations in 2008 by the merging of Postwatch, Energywatch and the Welsh, Scottish and National Consumer Councils under the Consumer Focus brand.

Following the UK Government's 2010 Spending Review, funding from the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS) for Consumer Focus was redirected to the Citizens Advice Bureau service, and in May 2013 Consumer Focus was renamed Consumer Futures. It was abolished as a non-departmental public body on 1 April 2014, when it was merged into Citizens Advice.

Department for Business, Innovation and Skills
The Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS) was a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It was created by the Gordon Brown premiership on 5 June 2009 by the merger of the Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills and the Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform. It was disbanded by the Theresa May premiership on the creation of the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy on 14 July 2016.
Sultan bin Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan
Sheikh Sultan bin Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan (Arabic: سلطان بن زايد بن سلطان آل نهيان; 1955 – 18 November 2019) was an Emirati politician and member of the Al Nahyan family who previously served as the 3rd Deputy Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates.

House of Nahyan
The House of Nahyan (Arabic: آل نهيان, romanized: Āl Nuhayān) is the ruling royal family of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, and one of the six ruling families of the United Arab Emirates. The family is a branch of the House of Al Falahi (Āl Bū Falāḥ), a branch of the Bani Yas tribe. They are related to the House of Al Falasi from which the ruling family of Dubai, the Al Maktoum, descends.
Thomas Orde Lawder Wilkinson
Thomas Orde Lawder Wilkinson VC (29 June 1894 – 5 July 1916) was an English-born Canadian and British Army officer who was a recipient of the Victoria Cross (VC), the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces, making him Canada's nineteenth recipient. A soldier with the Loyal North Lancashire Regiment during the First World War, he was posthumously awarded the VC for his actions on 5 July 1916, during the Battle of the Somme.

VCs of the First World War
VCs of the First World War is a series of books that list the Victoria Cross recipients of the First World War. The series consists of 13 books written by four different authors, first published under the label Sutton Publishing Limited, part of The History Press. A new paperback edition of the series was commissioned in 2010 under The History Press imprint.
Architecture of Western Australia
The architecture of Western Australia has been influenced by the legacy of being an English colony in the late nineteenth century.

Colonial architecture remains scattered through the capital city Perth, and regional centres.

Despite the separation from the rest of Australia by distance, the influence of Australian styles was marked upon building and designing in Western Australia.

Notable architects include those who were Principal architect:

1884 - 1905 {James William WRIGHT]

1891 – 1897 George Temple-Poole

1897 – 1905 John Harry Grainger

1905 – 1917 Hillson Beasley

1917 – 1927 William Hardwick

William Hardwick
Architecture portal

William Burden Hardwick (1860 – 1941), often referred to professionally as W.B. Hardwick,  was an Australian architect who from 1917 until 1927 was Principal Architect of the Public Works Department in Western Australia. The Encyclopedia of Australian Architecture refers to Hardwick as being "well known for continuing the high standards of design in public buildings established during the gold boom, particularly in hospitals, schools and post offices throughout the state".
HN group
In mathematics, in the field of group theory, a HN group or hypernormalizing group is a group with the property that the hypernormalizer of any subnormal subgroup is the whole group.

For finite groups, this is equivalent to the condition that the normalizer of any subnormal subgroup be subnormal.

Some facts about HN groups:

Subgroups of solvable HN groups are solvable HN groups.

Metanilpotent A-groups are HN groups.

Finite group
In abstract algebra, a finite group is a group whose underlying set is finite.  Finite groups often arise when considering symmetry of mathematical or physical objects, when those objects admit just a finite number of structure-preserving transformations.  Important examples of finite groups include cyclic groups and permutation groups.

The study of finite groups has been an integral part of group theory since it arose in the 19th century.  One major area of study has been classification: the classification of finite simple groups (those with no nontrivial normal subgroup) was completed in 2004.
Anne Jaclard
Anne Jaclard, born Anna Vasilyevna Korvin-Krukovskaya (1843–1887), was a Russian socialist and feminist revolutionary. She participated in the Paris Commune and the First International and was a friend of Karl Marx. She was once courted by Fyodor Dostoyevsky, who published two of her stories in his journal. Her sister was the mathematician and socialist Sofia Kovalevskaya (1850–1891).

Narodniks
The Narodniks were members of a movement of the Russian Empire intelligentsia in the 1860s and 1870s, some of whom became involved in revolutionary agitation against tsarism. Their ideology, known as Narodism, Narodnism, or Narodnichestvo, was a form of agrarian socialism, though it is often misunderstood as populism.

The Going to the People campaigns were the central impetus of the Narodnik movement. The Narodniks were in many ways the intellectual and political forebears and, in notable cases, direct participants of the Russian Revolution—in particular of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party, which went on to greatly influence Russian history in the early 20th century.
Libertia edgariae
Libertia edgariae, also known as Edgar's iris or Edgar's mikoikoi, is a species of flowering plant in the family Iridaceae. The plant was first described by Dan Blanchon, Brian Grant Murray and John E. Braggins in 2002, and is endemic to New Zealand.

Libertia grandiflora
Libertia grandiflora, commonly known as mikoikoi and the New Zealand iris, is a species of flowering plant in the family Iridaceae. It is endemic to New Zealand; its range covers the North Island. Although specimens from the South Island were previously classified under L. grandiflora, they have since been reassigned to a newly established taxon. L. grandiflora is commonly found in lowland to montane areas with partial shade; it inhabits bluffs, cliffs, ridgelines, slopes, and the banks or terraces of streams. A perennial herb, it reaches 900 mm in height with leaves reaching 1400 mm in length. The species was first described by the botanist Robert Sweet in 1830. It gets its specific epithet, grandiflora, meaning 'large flowered'.
The NeuroGenderings Network
The NeuroGenderings Network is an international group of researchers in neuroscience and gender studies. Members of the network study how the complexities of social norms, varied life experiences, details of laboratory conditions and biology interact to affect the results of neuroscientific research. Working under the label of "neurofeminism", they aim to critically analyze how the field of neuroscience operates, and to build an understanding of brain and gender that goes beyond gender essentialism while still treating the brain as fundamentally material. Its founding was part of a period of increased interest and activity in interdisciplinary research connecting neuroscience and the social sciences.

Cordelia Fine
Cordelia Fine (born 1975) is a Canadian-born British philosopher of science, psychologist, writer, and science communicator, who lives in Australia. As of 2018 she is a full professor in the History and Philosophy of Science programme at the University of Melbourne, Australia. Fine has written several popular science books on the topics of social cognition, neuroscience, and the popular myths of sex differences. She is especially known for Testosterone Rex, which won the Royal Society Science Book Prize in 2017.
Top Álbuns Brasil
Top Álbuns Brasil (previously CD – TOP 20 Semanal ABPD or CD TOP 20) was a Brazilian official sales chart for musical releases. All rankings are researched and compiled by Nielsen and published by Pro-Música Brasil.

Pro-Música Brasil
Pro-Música Brasil (PMB), previously Associação Brasileira dos Produtores de Discos (ABPD) (English: Brazilian Association of Record Producers), is an official representative body of the record labels in the Brazilian phonographic market.
Antonina Seredina
Antonina Alexandrovna Seredina (Russian: Антонина Александровна Середина; 23 December 1929 – 2 September 2016) was a Russian sprint canoeist. She won the 500 m singles and doubles events at the 1960 Olympics, and placed third in the doubles in 1968 and fourth in 1964. She also won five medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with two golds (K-4 500 m: 1963, 1966) and three silvers (K-1 500 m: 1958, K-2 500 m: 1958, 1966).

1958 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1958 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Prague, Czechoslovakia. This event was held under the auspices of the International Canoe Federation.

The men's competition consisted of four Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Two events were held for the women, both in kayak. This was the fifth championships in canoe sprint.

The Soviet Union won their first medals at these championships.
Shelton Township, Buffalo County, Nebraska
Shelton Township is one of twenty-six townships in Buffalo County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 1,497 at the 2000 census. A 2006 estimate placed the township's population at 1,475.

The Village of Shelton lies within the Township.

Shelton, Nebraska
Shelton is a village in Buffalo and Hall counties, Nebraska, United States. It is part of the Kearney, Nebraska Micropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,059 at the 2010 census. It is located west of Grand Island along both the Union Pacific Railroad and U.S. Route 30. Nebraska Link 10-D connects Shelton with Interstate 80.
Waukegan River
The Waukegan River, a small river in Lake County, Illinois, is a member of the very small class of Illinois rivers that flow into Lake Michigan.  It drains part of the city of Waukegan, Illinois, including the city's historic downtown area.  The river's drainage area comprises 7,785.63 acres.  The drainage is managed by the city of Waukegan.

Geological features associated with the end of the Wisconsin glaciation ensured that most of that portion of Illinois that drains into the St. Lawrence River is covered in water.  Only a thin strip of land on the extreme northeastern coast of Illinois naturally drains into Lake Michigan and from thence to Canada.  The Waukegan River, a river of less than three miles in length, drains part of this ribbon-like strip.  Only a short distance away, the western neighborhoods of Waukegan drain into the Des Plaines River, which flows in a completely different direction.

The mouth of the river is marked by Waukegan Harbor Light.

Waukegan, Illinois
Waukegan (/wəˈkiːɡən/ wə-KEE-ghən) is a city in Lake County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. Located 36 miles (58 km) north of Chicago, Waukegan is a satellite city within the greater Chicago metropolitan area.

As of the 2020 census, its population was 89,321, making it the most populous city in Lake County, the seventh-most populous city within the Chicago metropolitan area and the 10th-most populous city in Illinois. However, unlike nearby wealthy North Shore suburbs, Waukegan has long been classified by the Illinois state government as overall "socioeconomically distressed" despite having some middle class inhabitants.
Charlestown, Black Isle
Charleston is a village on the north shore of the Beauly Firth, about 1 mile west of the Kessock Bridge, in east Ross-shire, Scottish Highlands, within the Scottish council area of Highland. An artificially created village, it was laid out in 1812 by Sir Charles Mackenzie of Kilcoy.

This is one of several villages and hamlets with the same name in Scotland. The others are Charlestown, Wester Ross; Charlestown, Fife; and Charlestown of Aboyne. The village lies almost directly opposite Inverness across the Beauly Firth. Almost adjacent to the east of Charlestown is North Kessock, which can be accessed along the A9 road or the coast road. The biggest town to the west, about 9 miles away, is Muir of Ord. The village of Tore, about 5 miles to the northeast of Charleston, is accessed by the A9. Directly north is the small village of Munlochy on Munlochy Bay.

Muir of Ord
Muir of Ord (Scottish Gaelic: Am Blàr Dubh) is a village in Easter Ross, in the Highland council area of Scotland. It is situated near the western end of the Black Isle, about 9 miles (14 km) west of the city of Inverness and 5+1⁄2 miles (9 km) south of Dingwall. The village had a population of 
2,840 in 2020 and sits 35 metres (115 ft) above sea level. The Scottish geologist Sir Roderick Murchison was born in the village in 1792.

In September 2022, the village came to media attention when a local fish and chip shop owner uploaded a Facebook video celebrating the death of Queen Elizabeth II with a bottle of champagne. The owner was then chased away from the village by angry locals who vandalized the chip shop with eggs and tomato ketchup.
Hōzuki-san Chi no Aneki
Hōzuki-san Chi no Aneki (Japanese: 鬼灯さん家のアネキ; "The Older Sister of Hōzuki's Household") is a yonkoma manga series written and illustrated by Ran Igarashi. A live action film adaptation was released on September 6, 2014.

Yonkoma
Yonkoma manga (4コマ漫画; "four cell manga" or 4-koma for short) is a comic strip format that generally consists of gag comic strips within four panels of equal size, following a structure known as kishōtenketsu.