hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Fogel
Robert William Fogel (/ˈfoʊɡəl/; July 1, 1926 – June 11, 2013) was an American economic historian and winner (with Douglass North) of the 1993 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. As of his death, he was the Charles R. Walgreen  Distinguished Service Professor of American Institutions and director of the Center for Population Economics (CPE) at the University of Chicago's Booth School of Business. He is best known as an advocate of new economic history (cliometrics) – the use of quantitative methods in history.

Liberty Fund
Liberty Fund, Inc. is an American nonprofit foundation headquartered in Carmel, Indiana, that promotes the libertarian views of its founder, Pierre F. Goodrich, through publishing, conferences, and educational resources. The operating mandate of the Liberty Fund was set forth in an unpublished memo written by Goodrich "to encourage the study of the ideal of a society of free and responsible individuals".
2018 Kansas City Chiefs season
The 2018 season was the Kansas City Chiefs' 49th in the National Football League (NFL), their 59th overall, their sixth under head coach Andy Reid, and their second under general manager Brett Veach. The Chiefs finished 12–4 and won their third consecutive AFC West title, made their fourth consecutive playoff appearance, but lost to the eventual Super Bowl champion New England Patriots 37–31 in overtime in the AFC Championship Game. Quarterback Patrick Mahomes won the AP NFL MVP award, becoming the first Chiefs player ever to be named MVP.

AFC Championship Game
The AFC Championship Game is the annual championship game of the American Football Conference (AFC) and one of the two semifinal playoff games of the National Football League (NFL), the largest professional American football league in the world. The game is played on the last Sunday in January by the two remaining playoff teams, following the AFC postseason's first two rounds. The AFC champion then advances to face the winner of the NFC Championship Game in the Super Bowl.

The game was established as part of the 1970 merger between the NFL and the American Football League (AFL), with the merged league realigning into two conferences. Since 1984, each winner of the AFC Championship Game has also received the Lamar Hunt Trophy, named after the founder of the AFL and founder and longtime owner of the Kansas City Chiefs, Lamar Hunt.
Journal of Historical Review
The Journal of Historical Review was a non-peer reviewed, pseudoacademic periodical focused on promoting Holocaust denial. It was published by the Institute for Historical Review (IHR), based in Torrance, California. It ran quarterly from 1980 until 1992, and then bimonthly from 1993 until publication ceased in 2002.

Stephen E. Atkins
Stephen Eugene Atkins (January 29, 1941 – March 26, 2010) was an American academic librarian and historian. After his graduation from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, he was a political science subject specialist and was later the head of collection development at Sterling C. Evans Library at Texas A&M University until 1997, successively their associate university librarian for collection management and associate dean for collection management. Atkins wrote 10 books, mostly reference works on topics related to extremism and terrorism.
Bomb Threat (SexBomb Girls album)
Bomb Threat (stylized as Bomb Thr3at on the album cover) is the third studio album by Filipino girl group the SexBomb Girls, released on May 18, 2004 through BMG Records (Pilipinas) under its Musiko Records imprint. The album followed the group’s earlier commercial successes with Unang Putok (2002) and Round 2 (2003). The album spawned the hit song "Halukay Ube" featuring Joey de Leon and received double platinum certification in the Philippines.

Unang Putok
Unang Putok is the debut studio album of Filipino dance-pop group the SexBomb Girls, released on July 26, 2002, through BMG Records (Pilipinas) Inc., under its Musiko Records imprint and produced by Lito Camo and Papa V. The album marked the group's transition from television dancers on the noontime show Eat Bulaga! to recording artists with widespread commercial success.

The album contains ten tracks, with "Bakit Papa?" as its carrier single. The album was a commercial success in the Philippine market, achieving quadruple platinum certification (4× Platinum) from the Philippine Association of the Record Industry (PARI).
Cormac mac Art Ó Melaghlain
Cormac mac Art Ó Melaghlain, was King of Mide from around 1209/10 to 1239. He managed to win several notable victories over the Anglo-Normans and as a result was one of the more prominent and successful later Kings of Mide. Whatever gains Cormac made were not to prove long lasting however, even in his own reign, and the successor lords of Clann Cholmain were largely insignificant to the politics of later medieval Ireland.

Uí Néill
The Uí Néill (pronounced [iː ˈnʲeːl̠ʲ]; meaning "descendants of Niall") are Irish dynasties that claim descent from Niall Noígíallach (Niall of the Nine Hostages), a historical King of Tara who is believed to have died around c. 405. They are generally divided into the Northern and Southern Uí Néill.
Vishal Sangh
Vishal Sangh was a cane farmers' union established in Fiji on 1 September 1946, by mainly Sikh farmers, who refused to re-join the Kisan Sangh after its reunification following its split into two factions in 1943. It was led by Mehar Singh, one of the founding members of the Kisan Sangh and its former vice-president.

The Vishal Sangh played an active role in negotiations for cane contracts in 1950 and 1960 but always aligned itself with A. D. Patel and the Maha Sangh. It was regarded by many as a tool of A.D. Patel in his political ambitions. The Sikhs supporting the Vishal Sangh remained loyal members of Federation Party for many years.

Because of its small support base, the Vishal Sangh had an insignificant impact on the Fiji sugar industry after 1960.

National Federation Party
The National Federation Party (Fiji Hindi: नेशनल फेडरेशन पार्टी; Fijian: Mataisoqosoqo ni National Federation) is a Fijian political party founded by A. D. Patel in November 1968, as a merger of the Federation Party and the National Democratic Party.  Though it claims to represent all Fiji Islanders, it is supported, in practice, almost exclusively by Indo-Fijians whose ancestors had come to Fiji between 1879 and 1916, mostly as indentured labourers. However, in the 2018 general election, the party recorded a considerable change in its support base due to the inclusion of more indigenous Fijian candidates.
Jirón Caylloma
Jirón Caylloma, also known as Jirón Cailloma, is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with Jirón Conde de Superunda and continues until it reaches Jirón Quilca.

The street has housed important characters of the republican history of Peru, such as Colonel Francisco Bolognesi and poet José Santos Chocano.

Jirón Conde de Superunda
Jirón Conde de Superunda, formerly Jirón Lima, is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión, next to the Palacio Municipal de Lima, and continues until it reaches the Jirón Cañete.
Bhimdatta Panta
Bhimdatta Pant (Nepali: भिमदत्त पन्त) was a farmer, revolutionary leader and a martyr from Dadeldhura District of Nepal. He is known for raising a protest in favour of peasants and oppressed farmers in the Far-Western Region of Nepal by the landlord's "elite Thakuris". He was martyred with the charges of treason by local elites in 1953 A.D, aged 27. The town Bhim Datta Municipality in Kanchanpur district is named after him (until 2008 the town was named Mahendranagar). A non-profit organization was named by two farmers leaders, Dr.  Dev Dhawal  and Bhimdatta Pant, as Dev Dhawal and Bhim Datta Foundation for  Farmers Right and Respect.

Vikram Samvat
Vikram Samvat (ISO: Vikrama Saṁvata; abbreviated VS), also known as the Vikrami or Bikrami calendar, is a Hindu calendar historically used in the Indian subcontinent and still also used in several Indian states and Nepal. It is a lunisolar calendar, using twelve lunar months each solar sidereal year. The year count of the Vikram Samvat calendar is usually 57 years ahead of the Gregorian calendar, except during January to March/April, when it is ahead by 56 years.

Vikram Samvat is an official calendar of Nepal where the first month is Baisakh and the last month is Chaitra. Unlike India where it is used only for religious dates (with first month starting with Chaitra), the solar version of Vikram Samvat is a civil calendar for general usage.
Prosthecochloris aestuarii
Prosthecochloris aestuarii is a green sulfur bacterium in the genus Prosthecochloris. This organism was originally isolated from brackish lagoons located in Sasyk-Sivash and Sivash.  They are characterized by the presence of "prosthecae" on their cell surface; the inner part of these appendages house the photosynthetic machinery within chlorosomes, which are characteristic structures of green sulfur bacteria. Additionally, like other green sulfur bacteria, they are Gram-negative, non-motile, and non-spore forming. Of the four major groups of green sulfur bacteria, P. aestuarii serves as the type species for Group 4.

Green sulfur bacteria
The green sulfur bacteria are a phylum, Chlorobiota, of obligately anaerobic photoautotrophic bacteria that metabolize sulfur.

Green sulfur bacteria are nonmotile (except Chloroherpeton thalassium, which may glide) and capable of anoxygenic photosynthesis. They live in anaerobic aquatic environments. In contrast to plants, green sulfur bacteria mainly use sulfide ions as electron donors. They are autotrophs that utilize the reverse tricarboxylic acid cycle to perform carbon fixation.  They are also mixotrophs and reduce nitrogen.
ORF3b
ORF3b is a gene found in coronaviruses of the subgenus Sarbecovirus, encoding a short non-structural protein. It is present in both SARS-CoV (which causes the disease SARS) and SARS-CoV-2 (which causes COVID-19), though the protein product has very different lengths in the two viruses. The encoded protein is significantly shorter in SARS-CoV-2, at only 22 amino acid residues compared to 153–155 in SARS-CoV. Both the longer SARS-CoV and shorter SARS-CoV-2 proteins have been reported as interferon antagonists. It is unclear whether the SARS-CoV-2 gene expresses a functional protein.

Viral nonstructural protein
In virology, a nonstructural protein is a protein encoded by a virus but that is not part of the viral particle. They typically include the various enzymes and transcription factors the virus uses to replicate itself, such as a viral protease (3CL/nsp5, etc.), an RNA replicase or other template-directed polymerases, and some means to control the host.
Thieves (album)
Thieves is the second studio album by Australian indie rock band British India, released on 19 July 2008, but also sold early by the band at album launch parties. The album was co-produced by Harry Vanda and Glenn Goldsmith. It peaked at No. 5 on the ARIA Albums Chart.

Thieves was selected as Triple J's Feature Album in that month, beating both The Vines' album Melodia and The Living End's album White Noise. At the ARIA Music Awards of 2008 it was nominated for Best Independent Release.

White Noise (The Living End album)
White Noise is the fifth studio album by Australian punk rock band The Living End, first released in Australia on 19 July 2008. It was the band's first album released on the record label Dew Process. A limited edition bonus DVD, recorded at ACDC Lane in Melbourne, was also released, featuring six live songs, four of which were songs from White Noise.

The album debuted at number two on the Australian Album Chart, achieving a Gold certification in its first week. It was nominated for Best Rock Album & Album of the Year at the 2008 ARIA Awards, winning the award for Best Rock Album 2008.
Mordovian Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
The First Secretary of the Mordovian regional branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the position of highest authority in the Mordovian AO (1930–1934) and the Mordovian ASSR (1934–1991) in the Russian SFSR of the Soviet Union. The position was created in September 1928, and abolished in August 1991. The First Secretary was a de facto appointed position usually by the Politburo or the General Secretary himself.

General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
The General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the leader of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU). From 1924 until the country's dissolution in 1991, the officeholder was the recognized leader of the Soviet Union. Prior to Joseph Stalin's accession, the position was not viewed as an important role in Vladimir Lenin's government and previous occupants had been responsible for technical rather than political decisions.

Officially, the General Secretary solely controlled the Communist Party directly. However, since the party had a monopoly on political power, the General Secretary de facto had executive control of the Soviet government. Because of the office's ability to direct both the foreign and domestic policies of the state and preeminence over the Soviet Communist Party, it was the de facto highest office of the Soviet Union.
Gmina Stoszowice
Gmina Stoszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Ząbkowice Śląskie County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Stoszowice, which lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) west of Ząbkowice Śląskie, and 63 kilometres (39 mi) south of the regional capital Wrocław.

The gmina covers an area of 109.82 square kilometres (42.4 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 5,383.

Ząbkowice Śląskie
Ząbkowice Śląskie (Zombkovitze [zɔmpkɔˈvit͡sɛ ˈɕlɔ̃skʲɛ]; German: Frankenstein in Schlesien) is a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of Ząbkowice Śląskie County and of a local municipality called Gmina Ząbkowice Śląskie. The town lies approximately 63 kilometres (39 miles) south of the regional capital Wrocław. As of 2019, it had a population of 15,004.
Trafalgar Day
Trafalgar Day is the celebration of the victory won by the Royal Navy, commanded by Vice-Admiral Horatio Nelson, over the combined French and Spanish fleets at the Battle of Trafalgar on 21 October 1805.

Sea Cadets (United Kingdom)
The Sea Cadet Corps is a national youth charity operating in England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, Malta and Bermuda. Cadets follow an ethos, training plan and rank structure similar to that of the Royal Navy, and are recognised by the UK Ministry of Defence.
Utrina
Utrina (colloquially Utrine) is a residential neighborhood located in the Novi Zagreb - istok (New Zagreb - east) district of Zagreb, Croatia. It is bordered by Avenija Dubrovnik (Dubrovnik Avenue) on the north side, Ulica Savezne Republike Njemačke (Federal Republic of Germany Street) on the west side, Ukrajinska ulica (Ukraine street) on the south side, and Sarajevska cesta (Sarajevo road) on the east side. It has a population of 7,749 (2011).

It is best known for its farmers' market. The neighborhood is also the site of the largest dog park in Zagreb, opened in 2012.

Utrina is served by ZET tram lines 6, 7, 8, 14 and 31, bus line 222, from the northern side; bus line 221 from the southern side; and bus lines 109, 219, 220, 229 and the Pleso Prijevoz Airport Shuttle bus from the west side.

Dubrovnik Avenue
Dubrovnik Avenue (Croatian: Avenija Dubrovnik) is an avenue located in the Novi Zagreb part of Zagreb, Croatia. It is mostly six or eight lanes wide. Built in the mid 1950s, it runs for 4 kilometers between the roundabout beneath the southward extension of the Youth Bridge (Most mladosti) in the east and the Remetinec Roundabout in the west of Novi Zagreb. Its most important intersections are those with Većeslav Holjevac Avenue and Federal Republic of Germany Street. Being the main east–west thoroughfare of Novi Zagreb, more than 40,000 commuters travel on it daily.
Pác Nặm district
Pác Nặm is a rural district of Bắc Kạn province in the Northeast region of Vietnam. As of 2019 the district had a population of 33,439. The district covers an area of 474 km2. The district capital lies at Bộc Bố.

Cao Minh, Thái Nguyên
Cao Minh is a rural commune (xã) of Thái Nguyên Province, in Vietnam.

In June 2025, Cao Minh Commune was established through the merger of the entire natural area and population of Công Bằng Commune (natural area: 54.08 km²; population: 3,379), Cổ Linh Commune (natural area: 39.68 km²; population: 4,827), and Cao Tân Commune (natural area: 41.13 km²; population: 4,601) of Pác Nặm District.
Gmina Dębowa Kłoda
Gmina Dębowa Kłoda is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Parczew County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Dębowa Kłoda, which lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) east of Parczew and 50 km (31 mi) north-east of the regional capital Lublin.

The gmina covers an area of 188.29 square kilometres (72.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,991 (3,968 in 2014).

Parczew
Parczew [ˈpart͡ʂɛf] is a town in eastern Poland, with a population of 10,281 (2006).  It is the capital of Parczew County in the Lublin Voivodeship.

Parczew historically belongs to Lesser Poland (Małopolska) region. The town lies 60 kilometers north of Lublin, and 70 kilometers south of Biala Podlaska. It has a rail station on the secondary-importance line from Lublin to Łuków, which was inaugurated in 1898.
Family of Meghan, Duchess of Sussex
Members of the Markle and Ragland families have been related by marriage to the British royal family since the wedding of Meghan Markle and Prince Harry in May 2018, when she became  the Duchess of Sussex. The couple has two children, Prince Archie  and Princess Lilibet. The Markle (formerly spelled Merckel) family is of Pennsylvania Dutch descent and originates in Alsace on the modern French–German border, and Meghan's paternal ancestors moved to the United States in the 17th century; among her father's other ancestors are American settlers of English, Dutch, and Irish descent. The Ragland family is of African American descent.

Prince Archie of Sussex
Prince Archie of Sussex (Archie Harrison Mountbatten-Windsor; born 6 May 2019) is a member of the British royal family. He is the son of Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex, and Meghan, Duchess of Sussex. A grandson of King Charles III, he is sixth in the line of succession to the British throne.
Dave Cockrum
David Emmett Cockrum (/ˈkɒkrəm/; November 11, 1943 – November 26, 2006) was an American comics artist known for his co-creation of the new X-Men characters Nightcrawler, Storm, Colossus, and Mystique, as well as the antiheroine Black Cat. Cockrum was a prolific and inventive costume designer who updated the uniforms of the Legion of Super-Heroes and the X-Men in the 1970s and early 1980s.

Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe
The Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe is an encyclopedic guide which details the fictional universe featured in Marvel Comics publications. The original 15-volume series was published in comic book format in 1982, followed by sporadic updates.
Symphony No. 40 (Michael Haydn)
Michael Haydn's Symphony No. 40 in F major, Perger 32, Sherman 40, MH 507, written in Salzburg in 1789, was the last symphony in F major that he wrote. The symphony is scored for two oboes, two bassoons, two horns, and strings. It is in three movements:

The London Mozart Players conducted by Matthias Bamert recorded this symphony on the Chandos label along with Symphonies No.s 11, 16, 25 and 34.

Symphony No. 16 (Michael Haydn)
Michael Haydn's Symphony No. 16 in A major, Perger 6, Sherman 16, Sherman-adjusted 17, MH 152, was written in Salzburg in 1771. This symphony was at one time attributed to Joseph Haydn, the ninth work in A major so attributed in Anthony van Hoboken's catalogue.

The symphony is scored for two oboes, two bassoons, two horns, and strings. It has four movements:

The placement of the minuet second, before the slow movement, is unusual in Haydn's symphonies, though there is one other specimen, Symphony No. 15, which scholars are fairly certain is a close contemporary to this one. Three symphonies by brother Joseph Haydn also have this placement, 32, 37, and 44.

The corresponding placement of the scherzo second in the Romantic era, despite Beethoven's Symphony No. 9, was rare until Bruckner's Eighth and Ninth Symphonies and Mahler's First, Fourth and Sixth Symphonies.
Bobby Molloy
Robert Molloy (9 July 1936 – 2 October 2016) was an Irish politician who served as Minister of State for Housing and Urban Renewal and Minister of State to the Government from 1997 to 2002, Minister for Energy from 1989 to 1992, Minister for Defence from 1977 to 1979, Minister for Local Government from 1970 to 1973, Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Education from 1969 to 1970 and Mayor of Galway from 1968 to 1969. He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Galway West constituency from 1965 to 2002.

Minister for Defence (Ireland)
The Minister for Defence (Irish: An tAire Cosanta) is a senior minister in the Government of Ireland and leads the Department of Defence. The current Minister for Defence is Helen McEntee, TD. She is also Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade.

The department is responsible for the Irish Defence Forces. The Ministers and Secretaries Acts 1924 assigned the minister the additional title of Commander-in-Chief as the Chairman of the Council of Defence. The Defence Act 1954 removed this title, as a result of the reconstitution of the Council of Defence. The President of Ireland, a largely ceremonial role, is considered the Supreme Commander of the Defence Forces. In practice, the Minister acts on the President's behalf and reports to the Irish Government. The Minister for Defence is advised by the Council of Defence on the business of the Department of Defence.

The Minister is assisted by a Minister of State at the Department of Defence, Thomas Byrne, TD.
2009 Washington Redskins season
The 2009 season was the Washington Redskins' 78th in the National Football League (NFL) and their second and final under head coach Jim Zorn. During the season, long-time general manager Vinny Cerrato resigned on December 17, 2009, and the team hired Bruce Allen before their week 15 game at home on Monday Night Football against the New York Giants.

They failed to improve upon their 8–8 record from 2008 and finished with a 4–12 record, their worst record since 2003, which resulted in Jim Zorn being fired after two seasons. He would be replaced by Mike Shanahan the following season.

As of 2024, the only remaining active member of the 2009 Washington Redskins is Graham Gano, who is a member of the New York Giants.

Vinny Cerrato
Vinny Cerrato is a former executive for the San Francisco 49ers and Washington Redskins of the National Football League (NFL). He led the Redskins' personnel department throughout the 2000s as their de facto general manager. Cerrato has also been an analyst and film actor.
Yumnam Kamala Devi
Kamala Devi Yumnam (Meitei: Yumnam Kamala Devi, born 4 March 1992) is an Indian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder and an occasional striker for the Indian Women's League club Sribhumi. She also played for Eastern Sporting Union in the Indian Women's League and represented the India women's national football team.

2016 South Asian Games
The 2016 South Asian Games, officially the XII South Asian Games, is a major multi-sport event which took place from 5 February to 16 February 2016 in Guwahati and Shillong, India. A total of 2,672 athletes competed in 226 events over 22 sports. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the 2016 South Asian Games in Guwahati on 5 February 2016. India continued its dominance in the game's medal tally with a staggering 308 medals including 188 gold medals.