hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Deaths in January 2022
The following is a list of notable deaths in January 2022.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Minnesota Senate
The Minnesota Senate is the upper house of the legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota. At 67 members, half as many as the Minnesota House of Representatives, it is the largest upper house of any U.S. state legislature. Floor sessions are held in the west wing of the State Capitol in Saint Paul. Committee hearings, as well as offices for senators and staff, are located north of the State Capitol in the Minnesota Senate Building. Each member of the Minnesota Senate represents approximately 85,000 constituents.
San Pedro Department, Misiones
San Pedro Department is the largest and most sparsely populated department in the Misiones Province, Argentina. It covers an area of 3407 square kilometres and has a population of 24,000 people. San Pedro includes part of the Paraná River watershed, part of the Uruguay River watershed, and the Sierra Central that divides these two systems.

Araucaria angustifolia
Araucaria angustifolia, the Paraná pine, Brazilian pine or candelabra tree (pinheiro-do-paraná, araucária or pinheiro brasileiro), is a critically endangered species in the conifer genus Araucaria. Although the common names in various languages refer to the species as a "pine", it does not belong in the genus Pinus.
2012 North Carolina Senate election
The 2012 North Carolina State Senate elections selected members to serve in the North Carolina Senate for a two-year term commencing in January 2013. Going into the election, the Senate had 31 Republican and 19 Democratic members, which constituted a two-thirds super-majority for the Republican Party. Following the election, the Senate had 33 Republican and 17 Democratic members.

Wayne County, North Carolina
Wayne County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 117,333. Its county seat is Goldsboro, and it is home to Seymour Johnson Air Force Base.

Wayne County comprises the Goldsboro, North Carolina Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Robert Laing (badminton)
Robert Laing (born 17 September 1999) is a Scottish para badminton player who competes in international level events. He has won two medals in the mixed doubles alongside Rebecca Bedford and he has represented Great Britain at the World Dwarf Games.

Rebecca Bedford
Rebecca Bedford (born 26 May 1998) is an English para-badminton player who competes in international level events and powerlifter who competes in national level events. She participates in women's doubles badminton events with Rachel Choong.
1986 Miller High Life 500
The 1986 Miller High Life 500 was the 13th stock car race of the 1986 NASCAR Winston Cup Series and the fifth iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, June 8, 1986, before an audience of 50,000 in Long Pond, Pennsylvania, at Pocono International Raceway, a 2.5 miles (4.0 km) triangular permanent course. The race took the scheduled 200 laps to complete.

In the final laps of the race, Hendrick Motorsports' Tim Richmond gambled on fuel strategy, opting to run the final 36 laps under one tank of fuel. With four laps left, a crash involving several drivers, incliudng Buddy Arrington, Geoff Bodine, and Morgan Shepherd occurred. Due to a lengthy cleanup, the race finished under caution, securing Richmond's sixth career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his first victory of the season. To fill out the top three, Richard Childress Racing's Dale Earnhardt and Ranier-Lundy Racing's Cale Yarborough finished second and third, respectively.

1986 NASCAR Winston Cup Series
The 1986 NASCAR Winston Cup Series was the 38th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 15th modern-era Cup series season. The season began on February 16 and ended November 16. Dale Earnhardt of RCR Enterprises won his second championship this year.
Danny Williams (footballer, born 1988)
Danny Williams (born 25 January 1988) is an English football coach and former player who played as a left winger.

Williams spent his early career in the English non-league, playing for Daisy Hill, FC United of Manchester, Clitheroe, Kendal Town and Chester. He turned professional in 2013 with Scottish club Inverness Caledonian Thistle, and also spent time at Dundee, before returning to England in 2018 with Accrington Stanley. He later spent time back in the English non-league with AFC Fylde and FC Halifax Town.

2015 Scottish Cup final
The 2015 Scottish Cup Final was the 130th final of the Scottish Cup, the most prestigious knockout football competition in Scotland. The match took place at Hampden Park on 30 May 2015 and was contested by Falkirk and Inverness Caledonian Thistle.  Ten-man Inverness won the final 2–1 thanks to a late James Vincent goal.

Inverness subsequently entered the 2015–16 UEFA Europa League in the Second qualifying round.  As Inverness also finished 3rd in the 2014–15 Scottish Premiership, this enabled St Johnstone to claim the final 2015–16 UEFA Europa League slot (in previous years this place would have gone to Falkirk as runners-up, as it had in 2009, but the rules were changed from 2015 onwards).
Cardston Alberta Temple
The Cardston Alberta Temple (formerly the Alberta Temple) is a temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Cardston, Alberta. It was the eighth temple, the sixth still in operation, and is the church's oldest outside the United States. The intent to build the temple was announced on October 12, 1912, by church president Joseph F. Smith, during general conference. It was both the first temple built in Canada and outside the United States. As of 2026, the church has four temples in Alberta and ten Canada. It is one of two temples that uses the shape of a cross in its design (the other being the Laie Hawaii Temple).

Hugh B. Brown
Hugh Brown Brown (October 24, 1883 – December 2, 1975) was an American attorney, educator, author and leader in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. He was a member of the church's Quorum of the Twelve Apostles and First Presidency. Born in Utah, Brown held both American and Canadian citizenship.

Brown was a talented speaker, and was well known for conveying religious principles and exhortations through accounts of events in his life. His grandson, Edwin B. Firmage, noted: "Possessed at once with a sense of humor that refused him permission to take himself too seriously, and a profound spirituality based on true humility before God, he moved thousands with a style of classic oratory that will be sorely missed."
Kalbographa lueckingii
Kalbographa lueckingii is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in southeastern Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by Klaus Kalb. The type specimen was collected between Taubaté and Ubatuba (in the Serra do Mar) at an elevation of 800 m (2,600 ft); there, in a more or less virgin tropical rainforest, it was found growing on the smooth bark of an old deciduous tree in the shade. It is only known from the type collection. The species epithet honours lichenologist Robert Lücking, "for his outstanding contributions to tropical lichenology".

The lichen has a smooth, pale olive-green thallus. It contains stictic acid as a major lichen product, and minor amounts of constictic acid.

Graphidaceae
The Graphidaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Graphidales. The family contains nearly a hundred genera and more than 2000 species. Although the family has a cosmopolitan distribution, most Graphidaceae species occur in tropical regions, and typically grow on bark. These lichens are characterized by their crust-like growth form and typically partner with orange-pigmented Trentepohlia algae. Many species produce distinctive elongated, slit-like fruiting bodies, and some have unusually large ascospores that can begin germinating almost immediately upon release. The family originated approximately 176 million years ago and has diversified steadily since, with major bursts of new species arising alongside the spread of flowering plants and tropical rainforests.
Chew Mei Fun
Chew Mei Fun (Chinese: 周美芬; pinyin: Zhōu Měifēn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chiu Bí-hun; born 17 October 1964) is a Malaysian politician who was the Secretary-General of the Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA). She is a former two-term Member of Parliament (MP) of Malaysia for Petaling Jaya Utara from 1999 to 2008. She is also a former Deputy Minister of Women, Family and Community Development.

Selangor State Legislative Assembly
The Selangor State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Negeri Selangor) is the unicameral state legislature of the Malaysian state of Selangor. The State Assembly is composed of 56 members representing single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart, and by Malaysian political convention, are conducted simultaneously with elections to the federal parliament and other state assemblies (except Sabah and Sarawak).

It convenes at the Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Building in the capital Shah Alam. Since 2008, Assembly proceedings have been broadcast live on the internet.
Bank of the United States v. Deveaux
Bank of the United States v. Deveaux, 9 US 61 (1809) is an early US corporate law case decided by the US Supreme Court. It held that corporations have the capacity to sue in federal court on grounds of diversity under article three, section two of the United States Constitution. It was the first Supreme Court case to examine corporate rights and, while it is rarely featured prominently in US legal history, it set an important precedent for the legal rights of corporations, particularly with regard to corporate personhood.

The court ruled that corporations composed of citizens from one state may sue on behalf of those citizens in circuit court citizens from another state. The court specifies that while corporations may sue on behalf of citizens, corporations cannot be citizens. In other words, the court ruled that while only citizens may sue in court, they may do so under a corporate name.

Corporate personhood
Corporate personhood or juridical personality is the legal notion that a juridical person such as a corporation, separately from its associated human beings (like owners, managers, or employees), has at least some of the legal rights and responsibilities enjoyed by natural persons.  In most countries, a corporation has the same rights as a natural person to hold property, enter into contracts, and to sue or be sued.
Shawal Anuar
Muhammad Shawal bin Anuar  (born 29 April 1991) is a Singaporean professional footballer who plays either as a winger or a forward for Malaysia Super League club Kuching City and the Singapore national team.

Shawal also holds the record for scoring the fastest goal in the history of the AFC Champions League Two in 18 seconds.

2019 Singapore Premier League
The 2019 Singapore Premier League (also known as the AIA Singapore Premier League due to sponsorship reasons) was the second season of the Singapore Premier League, the top-flight Singaporean professional league for association football clubs, since its rebranding in 2018. A major overhaul from the new FAS management was made from this season onwards to improve the standard of Singapore football.
Sir Samuel Synge-Hutchinson, 3rd Baronet
Sir Samuel Synge-Hutchinson, 3rd Baronet  (22 April 1756 – 1 March 1846) was a 19th-century  Anglican priest in Ireland.

He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin; and was Archdeacon of Killaloe from 1785 when he succeeded his father until his own resignation in 1809.

Sir Samuel (who lived on Hardcourt St.) gave land off Hatch Street, on which St. Matthias' Church was built.

Archdeacon of Killaloe
The Archdeacon of Killaloe was a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Diocese of Killaloe until 1752; and then within the Diocese of Killaloe and Kilfenora until 1832 when it became the Diocese of Killaloe and Clonfert. As such he was responsible for the disciplinary supervision of the clergy within the diocese.

The archdeaconry can trace its history from Donat O'Kennedy, the first known incumbent, who became Bishop of Killaloe in 1231 to the last discrete holder William Augustine Blood Smyth who retired in 1938.
Eucalyptus socialis subsp. socialis
Eucalyptus socialis subsp. socialis, commonly known as the summer red mallee, is a subspecies of mallee that is endemic to inland south-eastern Australia. It usually has rough bark on the base of the trunk, smooth bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, pale creamy white flowers and barrel-shaped to urn-shaped or spherical fruit.

Mallee (habit)
Mallee are trees or shrubs, mainly certain species of eucalypts, which grow with multiple stems springing from an underground lignotuber or xylopodium, usually to a height of no more than 10 m (33 ft). The term is widely used for trees with this  growth habit across southern Australia, in the states of Western Australia, South Australia, New South Wales and Victoria, and has given rise to other uses of the term, including the ecosystems where such trees predominate, specific geographic areas within some of the states and as part of various species' names.
GNewSense
gNewSense was a Linux distribution, active from 2006 to 2016. It was based on Debian, and developed with sponsorship from the Free Software Foundation. Its goal was user-friendliness, but with all proprietary (e.g. binary blobs) and non-free software removed. The Free Software Foundation considered gNewSense to be composed entirely of free software.

gNewSense took a relatively strict stance against proprietary software. For example, any documentation that gave instructions on installing proprietary software was excluded.

gNewSense's last release was made in 2016 and it has not had a supported version since 2018. DistroWatch classifies gNewSense as "discontinued".

GNOME Web
GNOME Web, called Epiphany until 2012 and still known by that code name, is a free and open-source web browser based on the GTK port of Apple's WebKit rendering engine, called WebKitGTK. It is developed by the GNOME project for Unix-like systems. It is the default and official web browser of GNOME, and part of the GNOME Core Applications.

GNOME Web is the default web browser on elementary OS, Bodhi Linux version 5 and PureOS GNOME Edition.
1984 WCT World Doubles
The 1984 WCT World Doubles, also known by its sponsored name Barratt World Doubles Championship, was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at Royal Albert Hall in London, United Kingdom that was part of the 1984 World Championship Tennis circuit. It was the tour finals for the doubles season of the WCT Tour section. The tournament was held from January 3 through January 8, 1984.

1984 World Championship Tennis circuit
The 1984 World Championship Tennis circuit was one of the two rival professional male tennis circuits of 1984. It was organized by World Championship Tennis (WCT). 
The WCT circuit withdrew from the Grand Prix circuit in 1982 and established its own full calendar season consisting of 20 tournaments. For the 1983 season the WCT circuit was downsized to eight tournaments and ran from January to May. The circuit was again downsized for the 1984 season to five tournaments and the best twelve competitors played at the WCT Finals in Dallas. This was the final year of the WCT as a separate tennis circuit.
Gladiolus
Gladiolus (from Latin, the diminutive of gladius, a sword) is a genus of perennial cormous flowering plants in the iris family (Iridaceae).

It is sometimes called the 'sword lily', but is usually called by its generic name (plural gladioli).

The genus occurs in Asia, Mediterranean Europe, South Africa, and tropical Africa. The center of diversity is in the Cape Floristic Region. The genera Acidanthera, Anomalesia, Homoglossum, and Oenostachys, formerly considered distinct, are now included in Gladiolus.

Gladiolus carneus
Gladiolus carneus is a plant species in the family Iridaceae.

Common name for this plant is Painted Lady Gladiolus. A tunicated corm, it is summer dormant. Native to South Africa in a dry summer - wet winter climate. Grows about 50 cm high. Very ornamental and a good cut flower.
Kentaro Toyama
Kentaro Toyama is a computer scientist and international development researcher, who works on the relationship of technology and global development. He is the W. K. Kellogg Professor at the University of Michigan School of Information and author of  Geek Heresy: Rescuing Social Change from the Cult of Technology. He is also a fellow of the Dalai Lama Center for Ethics and Transformative Values at MIT.

Toyama was founding assistant director of Microsoft Research India, a Bangalore-based computer science laboratory, where he established the Technology for Emerging Markets group which conducts interdisciplinary research in the field of "information and communication technologies for development" (ICT4D). Together with AnnaLee Saxenian and Raj Reddy, he co-founded the International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development, a global platform for rigorous, academic, interdisciplinary research in ICT4D.

Raj Reddy
Dabbala Rajagopal "Raj" Reddy (born 13 June 1937) is an Indian-American computer scientist. He is one of the early pioneers of artificial intelligence and has served on the faculty of Stanford and Carnegie Mellon for over 50 years. He was the founding director of the Robotics Institute at Carnegie Mellon University. He was instrumental in helping to create Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge Technologies in India, to cater to the educational needs of the low-income, gifted, rural youth. He was the founding chairman of International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad. He and Edward Feigenbaum won the 1994 ACM Turing Award, sometimes known as the Nobel Prize of computer science, for their work in the field of artificial intelligence. Reddy was the first person of Asian origin to receive the Turing Award.
Ulmus parvifolia 'BSNUPF'
Ulmus parvifolia 'BSNUPF' (selling name Everclear) is a Chinese Elm cultivar, cloned from a chance seedling at Bold Spring Nursery, Bold Spring, Georgia. Patented in 2007, it was raised by John Barbour of Athena Trees, Monroe, Georgia.

Ulmus parvifolia
Ulmus parvifolia, commonly known as the Chinese elm or lacebark elm, is a species native to eastern Asia, including China, India, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, Siberia, and Kazakhstan. It has been described as "one of the most splendid elms, having the poise of a graceful Nothofagus".
Commercial credit reporting
Commercial credit reporting is the maintenance and reporting of credit histories and risks for commercial companies. These reports are typically created by credit rating agencies that also create credit ratings to help assess companies.

Commercial credit reporting is similar to consumer credit reports but specifically for businesses to assess risk in extending loans, insuring businesses, underwriting insurance risk, purchasing businesses, investing in businesses and most of all in shipping goods to business on credit terms. Government departments are also large users of commercial credit for regulating businesses and in collecting taxes.

Commercial credit is more volatile than consumer credit. Few businesses survive five years in the same form that they were first founded. All businesses are in constant competition with other businesses for clients and markets. The granting of credit by businesses is very much a market driven and few regulations exist.

Credit rating
A credit rating is an evaluation of the credit risk of a prospective debtor (an individual, a business, company or a government). It is the practice of predicting or forecasting the ability of a supposed debtor to pay back the debt or default. The credit rating represents an evaluation from a credit rating agency of the qualitative and quantitative information for the prospective debtor, including information provided by the prospective debtor and other non-public information obtained by the credit rating agency's analysts.

Credit reporting (or credit score) is a subset of credit rating. It is a numeric evaluation of an individual's credit worthiness, which is done by a credit bureau or consumer credit reporting agency.
Saint-Sulpice-de-Cognac
Saint-Sulpice-de-Cognac (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ sylpis də kɔɲak], lit. 'Saint-Sulpice of Cognac') is a former commune in the Charente department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France. On 1 January 2024, it was merged into the new commune of Val-de-Cognac.

Cognac, France
Cognac (French pronunciation: [kɔɲak] ⓘ; Saintongese: Cougnat; Occitan: Conhac [kuˈɲak] ⓘ) is a commune in the Charente department, southwestern France. Administratively, the commune of Cognac is a subprefecture of the Charente department.
The Bushido Blade
The Bushido Blade is a 1981 film directed by Tom Kotani. Sonny Chiba, Toshiro Mifune, Mako, Laura Gemser, James Earl Jones and Richard Boone in his last film appearance appear in this film. It was filmed in 1978, but not released until 1981.

Matthew C. Perry
Matthew Calbraith Perry (April 10, 1794 – March 4, 1858) was a United States Navy officer who commanded ships in several wars, including the War of 1812 and the Mexican–American War. He led the Perry Expedition that ended Japan's isolationism and signed the Convention of Kanagawa between Japan and the United States in 1854.

Perry was interested in the education of naval officers and assisted in the development of an apprentice system that helped establish the curriculum at the United States Naval Academy. With the advent of the steam engine, he became a leading advocate of modernizing the U.S. Navy and came to be considered "The Father of the Steam Navy" in the United States.
San Marco Evangelista
San Marco Evangelista is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Naples and about 4 kilometres (2 mi) south of Caserta.

San Marco Evangelista borders the following municipalities: Capodrise, Caserta, Maddaloni, Marcianise, San Nicola la Strada.

San Nicola la Strada
San Nicola la Strada is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Naples and about 2 kilometres (1 mi) south of Caserta.
Manuel de Cendoya
Manuel de Cendoya (? – 1673) was a Spanish soldier who served as governor of Spanish Florida (La Florida) from mid-1671 to mid-1673. His administration is remembered primarily for initiating construction of the Castillo de San Marcos, a masonry fortress whose building had first been ordered by Cendoya's predecessor, Governor Francisco de la Guerra y de la Vega, after the destructive raid of the English privateer Robert Searle in 1668. Work proceeded in 1671, although the first stone was not laid until 1672.

Santa Catalina de Guale
Santa Catalina de Guale (1602-1702) was a Spanish Franciscan mission and town in Spanish Florida. Part of Spain's effort to convert the Native Americans to Catholicism, Santa Catalina served as the provincial headquarters of the Guale mission province. It also served various non-religious functions, such as providing food and labor for the colonial capital of St. Augustine. The mission was located on St. Catherines Island from 1602 to 1680, then on Sapelo Island from 1680 to 1684, and finally on Amelia Island from 1684 to 1702.