hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
International Council for Open and Distance Education
The International Council for Open and Distance Education (ICDE) is a membership-led global organization in the field of online, open and technology enhanced education. It consists of more than 200 higher education institutions and organizations in some 84 countries.

Founded in 1938, the ICDE has its permanent secretariat in Oslo, Norway. It is currently partly funded by a grant from the Government of Norway and has been hosted in Oslo since 1988, where is a registered not-for-profit organization in Norway and operates under Norwegian law.

Since 1960, ICDE has a partnership with UNESCO.

Not-for-profit organization
A not-for-profit organisation (NFPO) is a legal entity that does not distribute surplus funds to its members and is formed to fulfill specific objectives.

While not-for-profit organizations and nonprofit organizations (NPO) are distinct legal entities, the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. An NFPO must be differentiated from a NPO as they are not formed explicitly for the public good as an NPO must be, and NFPOs are considered "recreational organizations", meaning that they do not operate with the goal of generating revenue as opposed to NPOs.
Pordim Islands
Pordim Islands (Bulgarian: острови Пордим, ‘Ostrovi Pordim’ 'os-tro-vi 'por-dim) are two adjacent islands situated 870 m (950 yd) east-northeast of Heywood Island and 2.1 km (1.3 mi) northwest of Catharina Point on Robert Island, South Shetland Islands.  Extending 960 m (1,050 yd) in east-southeast to west-northwest direction.  The larger islet has a surface area of 10 hectares (25 acres).  Bulgarian early mapping in 2009.  Named after the town of Pordim in northern Bulgaria.

62°18′41″S 59°39′33″W﻿ / ﻿62.31139°S 59.65917°W﻿ / -62.31139; -59.65917

Catharina Point
Catharina Point, also Varoli Point, is a rocky point projecting 1.5 km northwards into Drake Passage to form the north extremity of Robert Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica and the northeast side of the entrance to Nevestino Cove.  The area was visited by early 19th century sealers operating from nearby Clothier Harbour.

The feature is named after the American sealing vessel Catharina under Captain Joseph Henfield that visited the South Shetlands in 1820–21.
OLIN
OLIN, which is legally known as Olin Partnership Limited, is an international landscape architecture, comprehensive planning, and urban design firm founded in Philadelphia in 1976 by Laurie Olin and Robert Hanna. Olin’s staff is composed of landscape architects, architects, project managers, and urban planners. The firm is led by fourteen partners: Laurie Olin, Lucinda Sanders, Dennis McGlade, Susan Weiler, Hallie Boyce, Richard Newton, Skip Graffam, Chris Hanley, Tiffany Beamer, Richard Roark, Jessica Henson, Trevor Lee, Marni Burns and Michael Miller. The current logo typically is represented in all caps. Olin is most recognized for designs such as Bryant Park in New York City, the Washington Monument Grounds in Washington, D.C., the J. Paul Getty Center in Los Angeles, 16th Street Mall in Denver, Colorado, and Columbus Circle in Manhattan.

Urban design
Urban design is an approach to the design of buildings and the spaces between them that focuses on specific design processes and outcomes based on geographical location. In addition to designing and shaping the physical features of towns, cities, and regional spaces, urban design considers 'bigger picture' issues of economic, social and environmental value and social design. The scope of a project can range from a local street or public space to an entire city and surrounding areas. Urban designers connect the fields of architecture, landscape architecture and urban planning to better organize local and community environments' dependent upon geographical location.

Some important focuses of urban design on this page include its historical impact, paradigm shifts, its interdisciplinary nature, and issues related to urban design.
Broken Ones (EP)
Broken Ones is the debut extended play recorded by American singer and runner-up of the fifth season of The Voice Jacquie Lee. It was released through Atlantic Records and 300 Entertainment on October 21, 2014. A cover of Cyndi Lauper's 1983 hit, "Girls Just Want to Have Fun" is included along with four original songs co-written by popular songwriters such as Sia and Andreas Carlsson. The EP failed to reach the Billboard 200, but did peak at 193 on the Top Current Albums component chart.

Jacquie Lee
Jacqueline Ann "Jacquie" Lee (born June 25, 1997) is an American singer and songwriter from Colts Neck, New Jersey. She is best known for being the runner-up of season five of NBC's singing competition The Voice in 2013 as part of Christina Aguilera's team and as a solo artist signed to Atlantic Records. As of 2017, Lee started releasing music mononymously under her given name, Jacquie.
Almadasuchus
Almadasuchus is an extinct genus of crocodylomorph known from the early Late Jurassic (early Oxfordian stage) Puesto Almada Member of the Cañadón Calcáreo Formation of Patagonia, Argentina. It contains a single species, Almadasuchus figarii. It is known from the holotype MPEF-PV 3838, a well-preserved posterior region of the skull as well as other skull and postcranial remains. Almadasuchus was recovered from Puesto Almada , 30 m above the fish beds, dated as Oxfordian in age.

Postcranium
The postcranium ("behind the cranium"; plural: postcrania) or postcranial skeleton in zoology and vertebrate paleontology is the skeleton apart from the skull. The postcranium encompasses the axial skeleton, which includes the entirety of the vertebrae and ribs, and the appendicular skeleton, which includes girdles and limbs.

In paleontology, there may be disagreement over whether the skull and skeleton belong to the same or different animals. One example is the case of the dinosaur Nemegtosaurus, which is known only from a skull that was found in the same geological formation as the related Opisthocoelicaudia, which is only known from postcranial material.
Newcastle Agri Terminal
The Newcastle Agri Terminal (NAT) is an intermodal dry bulk cargo port operator located in Carrington, New South Wales. It is located within the Carrington Precinct of the Port of Newcastle utilising the Dyke 2 berth.

Carrington, New South Wales
Carrington is a suburb of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia, and is named after Lord Carrington, governor of New South Wales in 1887 when the area was proclaimed a municipality.

Carrington had a population of almost 2,000 in 2016.
After the Show (film)
After the Show is a lost 1921 American silent drama film directed by William C. deMille and written by Vianna Knowlton and Hazel Christie MacDonald based on a story by Rita Weiman. The film stars Jack Holt, Lila Lee, Charles Stanton Ogle, Eve Southern, Shannon Day, and Carlton S. King. The film was released on October 9, 1921, by Paramount Pictures.

William C. deMille
William Churchill deMille (July 25, 1878 – March 5, 1955), also spelled de Mille or De Mille, was an American screenwriter and film director from the silent film era through the early 1930s. He was also a noted playwright prior to moving into film. Once he was established in film he specialized in adapting Broadway plays into silent films.
Wallace 1910 Fire Memorial
The Wallace 1910 Fire Memorial, near Wallace, Idaho, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

It consists of two cobblestone monuments in the Nine Mile Cemetery, erected in 1921 by the United States Forest Service, with associated graves of firefighters who died in the Great Fire of 1910.

One commemorates five men who died at the West Fork of Placer Creek, fighting forest fires on August 20, 1910. The other commemorates six men who died at the Bullion Mine.

Cobblestone
Cobblestone is a natural building material based on cobble-sized stones, and is used for pavement roads, streets, and buildings. Setts, also called Belgian blocks, are often referred to as "cobbles", although a sett is distinct from a cobblestone by being quarried and shaped into a regular form, while cobblestones are naturally occurring rounded forms less uniform in size.

It has been used across various cultures for millennia, particularly in Europe, and became especially prominent during the medieval and early modern periods. Today, cobblestone streets are often associated with historic preservation and are used in many cities to maintain the historical character of certain neighborhoods.
Longfin darter
The longfin darter (Etheostoma longimanum) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the eastern United States, where it occurs in the upper James River drainage in Virginia and West Virginia. It inhabits rocky riffles of creeks and small rivers.  This species can reach a length of 8.9 cm (3.5 in).

Percidae
The Percidae are a family of ray-finned fish, part of the order Perciformes, which are found in fresh and brackish waters of the Northern Hemisphere. The majority are Nearctic, but there are also Palearctic species. The family contains nearly 250 species in 12 genera. The perches and their relatives are in this family; well-known species include the walleye, sauger, ruffe, and three species of perch. However, small fish known as darters are also a part of this family.

Despite the widespread and speciose nature of this family, the vast majority of its species diversity is within the darters, which are restricted to eastern North America, and the majority of which have small ranges. Excluding the darters, this family contains only 20 species. In Europe, percids were likely a more ecologically dominant group in the past than now, with the immigration of cyprinids to Europe during the Miocene causing a decline in their importance.
War crimes in Manchukuo
War crimes in Manchukuo were committed during the rule of the Empire of Japan in northeast China, either directly, or through its puppet state of Manchukuo, from 1931 to 1945. Various war crimes took place, but have received comparatively little historical attention.

Puppet state
A puppet state, puppet régime, puppet government or dummy government is a state that is de jure independent but de facto completely dependent upon an outside power and subject to its orders. Puppet states have nominal sovereignty, except that a foreign power effectively exercises control through economic or military support. By leaving a local government in existence the outside power evades all responsibility, while at the same time successfully paralysing the local government they tolerate.

Puppet states differ from allies, who choose their actions of their own initiative or in accordance with treaties they have voluntarily entered. Puppet states are forced into legally endorsing actions already taken by a foreign power.
Modern Ruin (Covenant album)
Modern Ruin is the seventh studio album of Swedish futurepop band Covenant. It was released on 17 January 2011 by Synthetic Symphony. This was the first album by the band that featured Daniel Myer as a core member.

The second disc features various versions of "Wir Sind Die Nacht", a song the band recorded for the film of the same name.

Futurepop
Futurepop is an electronic music genre that has been characterized as a blend of synth-pop, EBM and dance beats, based on trance and techno.

It developed in Western Europe as an outgrowth of both the EBM and electro-industrial music cultures and it began to emerge in the late 1990s with artists like VNV Nation, Covenant, and Apoptygma Berzerk. Other leading genre artists were Assemblage 23, Icon of Coil, Neuroticfish, and Rotersand.

Futurepop is associated with the cybergoth subculture.  It has become popular in alternative dance clubs, particularly in Germany. Music festivals that feature futurepop bands include Infest, Amphi festival, Wave Gotik Treffen and M'era Luna.
Chuck Berry's Golden Hits
Chuck Berry's Golden Hits is the tenth studio album by Chuck Berry, released in 1967 by Mercury Records, his first for that label. It consists of new recordings of songs he had recorded for Chess Records and one new song, "Club Nitty Gritty". The re-recordings were performed with faster tempos and recorded in stereo. While the rest of Berry's albums for Mercury rest in obscurity, Golden Hits is still available. In 1989 the CD issue of the collection was augmented with several tracks that were left off the original album.

Memphis, Tennessee (song)
"Memphis, Tennessee", sometimes shortened to "Memphis", is a song by Chuck Berry, first released in 1959. In the UK, the song charted at number 6 in 1963; at the same time Decca Records issued a cover version in the UK by Dave Berry and the Cruisers, which also became a UK Top 20 hit single. Johnny Rivers's version of the song was a number two US hit in 1964.
Copper Bank
Copper Bank is a fishing village in the Corozal District of Belize. It is situated on the west bank of Laguna Seca, a shallow lagoon that empties into Chetumal Bay just north-east of the village. The closest settlement is Chunox, located approximately 1.25 miles away on the east bank of the Laguna Seca.

Access to the village is possible by road from Orange Walk, via the villages of San Estevan and Progresso. It is also possible to reach the village by road from Corozal, crossing the New River via the Pueblo Nuevo ferry, and from the populated community of Sarteneja, via a ferry across the mouth of Laguna Seca.

The village has been suggested as the site of a lost Mayan town, Uatibal, and several artifacts have been found in the vicinity.

New River (Belize)
The New River, also Río Nuevo, is a river in northern Belize. As the longest river that is entirely confined to Belize, it drains primarily the eastern part of the Orange Walk District during its north-northeasterly course and empties into the Chetumal Bay. The river also forms the New River Lagoon, the largest body of fresh water in Belize, just east of the Maya temples of Lamanai. The New River is a habitat for numerous types of fish and birds, as well as Morelet's crocodiles.
Dead Block
Dead Block is a third-person action-strategy video game by German developer Candygun Games and publisher Digital Reality, in which three survivors of a zombie outbreak attempt to keep zombies out of a safehouse. It was released on the Xbox 360 on July 6, 2011 via Xbox Live Arcade, and on the PlayStation 3 via the PlayStation Network on July 20, 2011 in North America and July 27, 2011 in the PAL region. A Microsoft Windows release followed on January 26, 2012.

In the game, three characters use a combination of blockades, traps and weapons to fight off attacking zombies. It was developed with the Unreal 3 Engine. While critics gave the game high marks for its music and comedic premise, they expressed disappointment in the lack of online multiplayer.

Digital Reality
Digital Reality Software Kft. (formerly Amnesty Design) was a Hungarian video game developer based in Budapest, Hungary. It was founded in 1991 as Amnesty Design, and started to work on their upcoming title, Reunion, which would be released in 1994 by Grandslam Video, for Amiga and MS-DOS. In 1997, leading up to the release of Imperium Galactica, the company changed its name to Digital Reality. In the following decade, games like Haegemonia: Legions of Iron, Platoon, SkyDrift and Desert Rats vs. Afrika Korps were produced, all to positive reception.

In 2006, Digital Reality opened a subsidiary studio, Whiz Software, in cooperation with CDV Software, and in 2011, they spun off a digital distribution subsidiary, Digital Reality Publishing. Digital Reality silently shut down in 2013. In February 2016, Austrian publisher Nordic Games acquired a range of intellectual properties formerly under the Digital Reality banner, including Black Knight Sword, Imperium Galactica and Sine Mora.
Solanum nigrum
Solanum nigrum, the European black nightshade or simply black nightshade or blackberry nightshade, is a species of flowering plant in the family Solanaceae, native to Eurasia and introduced in the Americas, Australasia, and South Africa. Ripe berries and cooked leaves of edible strains are used as food in some locales, and plant parts are used as a traditional medicine. Some other species may also be referred to as "black nightshade".

Solanum nigrum has been recorded from deposits of the Paleolithic and Mesolithic era of ancient Britain and it is suggested by the botanist and ecologist Edward Salisbury that it was part of the native flora there before Neolithic agriculture emerged. The plant was known and mentioned by ancient herbalists, including Dioscorides. In 1753, Carl Linnaeus described six varieties of Solanum nigrum in Species Plantarum.

Dioscorides
Pedanius Dioscorides (Ancient Greek: Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης, Pedánios Dioskourídēs; c. 40–90 AD),  "the father of pharmacognosy", was a Greek physician, pharmacologist, botanist, and author of De materia medica (in the original Ancient Greek: Περὶ ὕλης ἰατρικῆς, Peri hulēs iatrikēs, both meaning "On Medical Material"), a 5-volume Greek encyclopedic pharmacopeia on herbal medicine and related medicinal substances, that was widely read for more than 1,500 years. For almost two millennia Dioscorides was regarded as the most prominent writer on plants and plant drugs.
FarEast 28R
The Fareast 28R is a modern sailboat designed by Simonis-Voogd and built by Far East Boats in Jiangsu, China. It features a lifting keel with a lead bulb, a roller furling jib, a bowsprit for an asymmetrical spinnaker, and an open deck. It can be raced with a crew of up to 8.

The Fareast 28R has been recognized with the "2015 Boat of the Year Award" by Sailing World magazine.

Spinnaker
A spinnaker is a  sail designed specifically for sailing off the wind on courses between a reach (wind at 90° to the course) to downwind (course in the same direction as the wind). Spinnakers are constructed of lightweight fabric, usually nylon, and are often brightly colored. They may be designed to perform best as either a reaching or a running spinnaker, by the shaping of the panels and seams. They are attached at only three points and said to be flown.
Philippine government response to the COVID-19 pandemic
Both the national government and local governments responded to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines with various declarations of emergency, closure of schools and public meeting places, lockdowns, and other restrictions intended to slow the spread of the virus.

Department of Labor and Employment (Philippines)
The Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE; Filipino: Kagawaran ng Paggawa at Empleo) is the executive department of the Philippine government responsible for formulating policies, implementing programs and services, and serving as the policy-coordinating arm of the executive branch in the field of labor and employment. It is tasked with the enforcement of the provisions of the Labor Code.
Upper Montclair, New Jersey
Upper Montclair is a census-designated place (CDP), unincorporated community and neighborhood within Montclair in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2010 United States census, the population for the CDP was 11,565. The area is served as United States Postal Service ZIP Code 07043. It is often misperceived, even by Montclair residents, to be a separate municipality from Montclair, perhaps aided by this postal designation.

Cushman & Wakefield
Cushman & Wakefield Inc. is an American global commercial real estate and property management services firm. The company's corporate headquarters is located in Chicago, Illinois. It is named after co-founders J. Clydesdale Cushman and Bernard Wakefield.

Cushman & Wakefield is among the world's largest commercial real estate services firms, with revenues of US$9.5 billion in 2023. The company operates from approximately 400 offices in 60 countries, has around 52,000 employees and manages about 5,100 million sq ft (470 million m2) of commercial space.
Sisdol landfill
Sisdol landfill is a location to dump solid waste from Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, Kakani, and Banepa. It is the biggest dumping site of Nepal. 100 tons of solid waste is dumped at the site daily. The landfill is located at Kakani Rural Municipality (previously Okharpauwa Village Development Committee) of Nuwakot district.

The landfill site has an area of 15 hectares. Two hectares of land is used for the actual filling while 12 ha are used as a buffer and the remaining 1 hectare is used for other facilities.  The landfill site has two valleys, with a capacity of 166,085 and 108,910 cubic meters respectively.

The waste from various cities is first collected in Teku transfer station. From the station, the waste is dispatched to Sisdol. 
Around 60 % of wastes in the Sisdol are organic but the waste remains mostly unsegregated. The recyclable waste is brought back and sold to recycling industries.  The dump is filled in a semi-aerobic condition.

Banepa
Banepa (Nepali: बनेपा) is a municipality and historical town in a valley situated at about 1,500 m (4,900 ft) above sea level in central Nepal which is at about 25 kilometres (16 mi) east from Kathmandu. At the time of the 2021 Nepal census, it has a population of 67,690. The main attraction of Banepa is the temple of 
Chandeshwori, located approximately 1 km (0.62 mi) northeast of the town along the Rudramati River. The Dhaneshwor Temple is 1 kilometre south of the town. Banepa is also known for its eight different temples of Ganesh, Narayanthan (the temple of Narayan), Bhimshenthan (the temple of Bhimshen), and eight different ponds.
Bovisio-Masciago
Bovisio-Masciago (Brianzoeu: Bovis-Masciagh [buˈʋiːz maˈʃaːk]), is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Monza and Brianza in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of Milan.

Brianzöö dialect
Brianzöö (modern orthography) or Brianzoeu (historical orthography) is a group of variants (Prealpine and Western Lombard – macromilanese) of the Western variety of the Lombard language, spoken in the region of Brianza.
Sierpiński set
In mathematics, a Sierpiński set is an uncountable subset of a real vector space whose intersection with every measure-zero set is countable. The existence of Sierpiński sets is independent of the axioms of ZFC. Sierpiński (1924) showed that they exist if the continuum hypothesis is true.  On the other hand, they do not exist if Martin's axiom for ℵ1 is true. Sierpiński sets are weakly Luzin sets but are not Luzin sets (Kunen 2011, p. 376).

Wacław Sierpiński
Wacław Franciszek Sierpiński (Polish: [ˈvat͡swaf fraɲˈt͡ɕiʂɛk ɕɛrˈpij̃skʲi] ⓘ; 14 March 1882 – 21 October 1969) was a Polish mathematician. He was known for contributions to set theory (research on the axiom of choice and the continuum hypothesis), number theory, theory of functions, and topology. He published over 700 papers and 50 books.

Three well-known fractals are named after him (the Sierpiński triangle, the Sierpiński carpet, and the Sierpiński curve), as are Sierpiński numbers and the associated Sierpiński problem.
Web content development
Web content development is the process of researching, writing, gathering, organizing, and editing information for publication on websites. Website content may consist of prose, graphics, pictures, recordings, movies, or other digital assets that could be distributed by a hypertext transfer protocol server, and viewed by a web browser.

Means of communication
Means of communication or media are ways used by people to communicate and exchange information with each other as an information sender and a receiver. Diverse arrays of media that reach a large audience via mass communication are called mass media.