hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Swimming at the 1987 Pan American Games – Men's 400 metre freestyle
The men's 400 metre freestyle competition of the swimming events at the 1987 Pan American Games took place on 13 August at the Indiana University Natatorium. The last Pan American Games champion was Bruce Hayes of US.

This race consisted of eight lengths of the pool, with all eight being in the freestyle stroke.

Bruce Hayes (swimmer)
Lawrence Bruce Hayes (born March 8, 1963) is an American former competition swimmer best known for anchoring the U.S. men's 4×200-meter freestyle relay team that won the gold medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.

Born in Sarasota, Florida, and raised in San Antonio, Hayes was an outstanding Texas age-group swimmer, setting numerous TAGS records. He capped a successful high school career at Highland Park High School under Coach Mike Sorrells, winning a state championship in the 200-yard individual medley and 100-yard backstroke.  Hayes' success as a Texas age group and high school swimmer earned him a full scholarship to University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).  Swimming for coach Ron Ballatore's UCLA Bruins swimming and diving team, he was the highest scoring freshman at the 1982 NCAA Men's Swimming and Diving Championships, helping the Bruins win the national team championship.

On April 13, 2012, Hayes was inducted into the Texas Swimming and Diving Hall of Fame.
Ariyalur Block
11°8′14″N 79°4′40″E﻿ / ﻿11.13722°N 79.07778°E﻿ / 11.13722; 79.07778
Ariyalur block is a revenue block of Ariyalur district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. This revenue block consist of 37 panchayat villages.

They are,

Revenue block
Revenue blocks, revenue circles, firka, or patwar circles are the local revenue sub-divisions of the various districts of the states of India. The revenue blocks exist to simplify local administration, and each consists of a small number of revenue villages, governed by a revenue inspector. The revenue inspector is charged with a number of key administrative roles, most notably the identification and collection of tax revenue. Sometimes the land area in a revenue circle is identified as an inspector land revenue circle for administrative purposes. While revenue blocks may be as large as or larger than a tehsildar, revenue circles are generally smaller. In the state of Tamil Nadu alone, there are 1,349 revenue blocks.
Dave Cole (artist)
Dave Cole (born 1975 in Etna, New Hampshire) is an American contemporary visual artist specializing in sculpture.

Cole's work is characterized by an interest in politics, patriotism, nostalgia, and masculinity. He lives and works in Hudson, New York. Formerly represented by DODGEgallery in New York City and the Judi Rotenberg Gallery in Boston, he is currently self-represented.

The Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum
The Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum is located in Ridgefield, Connecticut. The Aldrich has no permanent collection and is the only museum in Connecticut that is dedicated solely to the exhibition of contemporary art. The museum presents the first solo museum exhibitions by emerging artists, significant exhibitions of established and mid-career artists whose work is under recognized, thematic group exhibitions exploring topics in contemporary art and society, and newly commissioned work.
Amok (video game)
Amok is a 1996 mech-themed action video game for Windows and Sega Saturn. Players guide a robot called "Slambird" through nine different scenarios to complete several objectives. The game was noted for its use of voxel-based graphics for its environments rather than the polygonal models which were standard at the time of its release. Developed by Lemon, Amok began as a technology demo for the Sega 32X, but was reworked for the Saturn after Sega discontinued support for the 32X.

Polygonal modeling
In 3D computer graphics, polygonal modeling is an approach for modeling objects by representing or approximating their surfaces using polygon meshes. Polygonal modeling is well suited to scanline rendering and is therefore the method of choice for real-time computer graphics.  Alternate methods of representing 3D objects include NURBS surfaces, subdivision surfaces, and equation-based (implicit surface) representations used in ray tracers.
Marcel Rewenig
Marcel Rewenig (16 January 1921 – 2 September 2004) was a Luxembourgish footballer who played as a forward. He made 24 appearances for the Luxembourg national team from 1946 to 1952. He was also part of Luxembourg's squad for the football tournament at the 1948 Summer Olympics, but he did not play in any matches. He was the father of author Guy Rewenig.

During a derby game in 1950 against Union Luxembourg, Rewenig was singled out in the match analysis by the Luxemburger Wort, who commended his "great play for forcing a fair draw", noting that every attack from Spora came from him despite difficult playing conditions with frozen snow on the pitch. He received plaudits for his "wonderful technique right up to the final whistle", where he helped secure his team a 2-2 draw.

Football at the 1948 Summer Olympics
The football tournament of the 1948 Summer Olympics was won by Sweden. This remains Sweden's only international title at a senior male football level and was the first international appearance of the trio that would later be known as Gre-No-Li dominating the Italian league at A.C. Milan in the 1950s.

It was the first international football tournament ever to be broadcast on television, with the semi-finals, bronze medal play-off and final all being broadcast live in full on the BBC Television Service.
State preemption
In United States law, state preemption is the invalidation of some action by, or the wresting of power from, a portion of the state government (more often than not a municipality or other part of the state government that only exercises power within a certain geographical area such as a county) usually by the state legislature. Preemption is often used when there is a political disagreement between the state legislature and municipal governments.

The largest division between the legislature and the local governments is typically partisan; most state legislatures have been since 2010, dominated by Republicans, and city governments are typically dominated by Democrats.

State governments of the United States
In the United States, state governments are institutional units exercising functions of government within the country’s federal system, alongside the federal government. Each U.S. state's government holds legislative, executive, and judicial authority over a defined geographic territory. The United States comprises 50 states: 9 of the Thirteen Colonies that were already part of the United States at the time the Constitution took effect in 1789, 4 that ratified the Constitution after its commencement, plus 37 that have been admitted since by Congress as authorized under Article IV, Section 3 of the Constitution.
Military ranks of Libya
The Military ranks of Libya are the military insignia used by the Libyan Armed Forces. The rank insignia was inspired by the armed forces of the United Kingdom, which trained the forces of the Kingdom of Libya during its Allied occupation up until independence. In 2016, the rank of Field marshal (Arabic: مشير, romanized: Mushir) was instituted and awarded to Khalifa Haftar.

Allied administration of Libya
The Allied administration of Libya was the control of the ex-colony of Italian Libya by the Allies from 13 May 1943 until Libyan independence was granted in 1951. It was divided into two parts:

British Military Administration of Libya (UN administration after 1949)

French Military Territory of Fezzan-Ghadames (UN administration after 1949)
Bertha Lane Scott
Bertha Lane Scott (born Bertha Francis Lane; October 1860 – July 17, 1938) was an American anti-suffragist, socialite, and civic volunteer. She is sometimes credited as Mrs. William Forse Scott and she is best known for heading the Publications Committee of the New York State Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage (NYSAOWS); she produced pamphlets, open letters, and newspaper essays that argued women’s political participation would undermine family life and was unnecessary because, she maintained, men already represented women’s interests. A sought-after speaker, Scott helped found anti-suffrage societies across the United States and regularly testified before the New York Legislature against removing the word “male” from the state’s suffrage clause. Outside her activism she was prominent in Yonkers society and, in 1918, became that city’s first (honorary) policewoman, charged with safeguarding children’s welfare.

Anti-suffragism
Anti-suffragism was a political movement composed of both men and women that began in the late 19th century in order to campaign against women's suffrage in countries such as Australia, Canada, Ireland, the United Kingdom and the United States. To some extent, Anti-suffragism was a classical conservative movement that sought to keep the status quo for women. More American women organized against their own right to vote than in favor of it, until 1916. Anti-suffragism was associated with "domestic feminism," the belief that women had the right to complete freedom within the home. In the United States, these activists were often referred to as "remonstrants" or "antis."
Ridgewood, Edmonton
Ridgewood is a community comprising three neighbourhoods within the east-central portion of Mill Woods in the City of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Neighbourhoods within the community include Bisset, Minchau and Weinlos.

The community is represented by the Ridgewood Community League, established in 1982, which maintains a community hall and a community garden located at Mill Woods Road East and 37 Avenue.

Community centre
A community centre, community center, or community hall is a public location where members of a community gather for group activities, social support, public information, and other purposes. They may be open for the whole community or for a specialized subgroup within the greater community. Community centres can be religious in nature, such as Christian churches, Islamic mosques, Jewish synagogues, Hindu temples, or Buddhist temples; though they can also be secular and in some cases government-run, such as youth clubs or Leisure centres.
Logan Ryan
Logan Daniel Ryan (born February 9, 1991) is an American former professional football defensive back who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 11 seasons. He played college football for the Rutgers Scarlet Knights as a cornerback and was selected by the New England Patriots in the third round of the 2013 NFL draft. Ryan also played for the Tennessee Titans, New York Giants, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, and San Francisco 49ers. He played cornerback for the first seven seasons of his career before switching to safety in 2020 and playing the position in his last four seasons. Since retiring from playing, Ryan has worked as an NFL color analyst for CBS television broadcasts.

2014–15 NFL playoffs
The National Football League playoffs for the 2014 season began on January 3, 2015. The postseason tournament concluded with the New England Patriots defeating the Seattle Seahawks in Super Bowl XLIX, 28–24, on February 1, at University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona.
Redshift (theory)
Redshift is a techno-economic theory suggesting hypersegmentation of information technology markets based on whether individual computing needs are over or under-served by Moore's law, which predicts the doubling of computing transistors (and therefore roughly computing power) every two years.  The theory,
proposed and named by New Enterprise Associates partner and former Sun Microsystems CTO Greg Papadopoulos, categorized a series of high growth markets (redshifting) while predicting slower GDP-driven growth in traditional computing markets (blueshifting). Papadopoulos predicted the result will be a fundamental redesign of components comprising computing systems.

New Enterprise Associates
New Enterprise Associates (NEA) is an American venture capital firm investing across growth stages, with a focus on technology and healthcare companies. With over $25 billion in committed capital, NEA is one of the world's largest venture capital firms.
Nena von Schlebrügge
Birgitte Caroline "Nena" von Schlebrügge (born January 8, 1941) is a Mexican-born Swedish-German fashion model who achieved prominence in the late 1950s and 1960s and later became a psychotherapist. She began her high-fashion modeling career in London in 1957 and was later signed by the Ford Modeling Agency in New York City in 1958, where she appeared in editorial and runway work for major fashion publications including Vogue and Harper's Bazaar.

She was briefly married to Timothy Leary from 1964 to 1965. After her marriage to Buddhist scholar Robert Thurman in 1967, she became known professionally and socially as Nena Thurman. The actress Uma Thurman is their daughter.

After her modeling career, von Schlebrügge trained in psychotherapy. She later served as Managing Director of Tibet House US. As of 2018, she is the Executive Chairwoman of the Menla Retreat and Health Spa in upstate New York.

Haute couture
Haute couture is the creation of exclusive custom-fitted high-end fashion design. The term haute couture generally refers to a specific type of upper garment common in Europe during the 16th to the 18th century, or to the upper portion of a modern dress to distinguish it from the skirt and sleeves. Beginning in the mid-nineteenth century, Paris became the centre of a growing industry that focused on making outfits from high-quality, expensive, often unusual fabric and sewn with extreme attention to detail and finished by the most experienced and capable of sewers—often using time-consuming, hand-executed techniques. Couture is also commonly used on its own as an abbreviation of haute couture, referring to the same concept in spirit.
HMS Prospero (1837)
HMS Prospero was a wood-hulled British paddle steamer built in 1829 on the River Clyde at Port Glasgow as Belfast for service between Glasgow and Belfast. In 1837 she was purchased by the Admiralty to run as HMS Prospero on the packet service between Pembroke and Ireland. She was broken up in 1866.

Paddle steamer
A paddle steamer is a steamship or steamboat powered by a steam engine driving paddle wheels to propel the craft through the water. Earlier ships that are driven by a paddle wheel under manual power are known as paddle wheelers.

In the early 19th century, paddle wheels were the predominant way of propulsion for steam-powered boats. In the late 19th century, paddle propulsion was largely superseded by the screw propeller and other marine propulsion systems that have a higher efficiency, especially in rough or open water.

Paddle wheels continue to be used by some ships that operate as excursion boats, floating restaurants, and casinos; these include replica vessels, and are often diesel powered.

Small pedal-powered paddle boats are also found, typically as novelty attractions.
Outline of Goa
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Goa:

Goa – a state in southwest India, bounded by Maharashtra to the north and Karnataka to the east and south, while the Arabian Sea forms its western coast. It is India's smallest state by area and the fourth smallest by population.  Goa is one of India's richest states, with a GDP per capita two and a half times that of the country. It was ranked the best-placed state by the Eleventh Finance Commission for its infrastructure, and ranked on top for the best quality of life in India by the National Commission on Population, based on the 12 Indicators.

Goan literature
Goan literature is the literature pertaining to the state of Goa, India.

Goa has a population of around 1.4 million and an area of 3,700 sq. kilometres (1,430 sq. miles). For a small region, it has a significant amount of publication activity, possibly in part because its people write in a number of languages—perhaps as many as 13—and also because of the large expatriate and diaspora population of Goans settled across the globe.

Among its most noted writers are Laxmanrao Sardessai (1904–1986) and R. V. Pandit (1917–1990), both of whom wrote poetry and prose in Marathi, Konkani, and Portuguese; Shenoi Goembab (1877–1946), whose Konkani writing helped to establish Konkani as a modern literary language; Ravindra Kelekar (1925–2010), who wrote some of the twentieth century's foremost Konkani literature; and Pundalik Naik (born 1952), whose 1977 novel Acchev was the first Konkani novel to be translated into English.
International Socialists of Germany
International Socialists of Germany (German: Internazionale Sozialisten Deutschlands; ISD) was the name of a political party, formed in September 1915, which split from the Social Democratic Party of Germany, following the latter's decision to support the German war effort in World War I. The ISD consisted of members who were on the left wing of the SPD. The party changed its name to the International Communists of Germany (IKD) in 1918 and most of members of the IKD joined the Communist Party of Germany in 1918, but later went on to form the council communist Communist Workers' Party of Germany.

Council communism
Council communism or councilism is a current of left-communist thought that emerged in the 1920s. Inspired by the November Revolution, council communism was opposed to state socialism and advocated workers' councils and council democracy. Councilism is also opposed to Leninism and Stalinism. It is regarded as being strongest in Germany and the Netherlands during the 1920s.
Epona Stakes
The Epona Stakes is an Australian Turf Club Group 3 Thoroughbred horse race, for fillies and mares aged three years old and upwards, over a distance of 1900 metres, with set weights and penalties, held annually at Rosehill Racecourse in Sydney, Australia in March. Total prize money for the race is A$250,000.

Australian Turf Club
Australian Turf Club (ATC) owns and operates thoroughbred racing, events and hospitality venues across Sydney, Australia. The ATC came into being on 7 February 2011 when the Australian Jockey Club (AJC) and the Sydney Turf Club (STC) merged. The ATC primarily operates out of their offices at Randwick Racecourse and employs approximately 270 full-time staff and over 1,000 casual staff across the five venues. The venues include Randwick, Rosehill Gardens, Canterbury Park, Warwick Farm and the Rosehill Bowling Club.
Area codes 847 and 224
Area codes 847 and 224 are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for the U.S. state of Illinois. The numbering plan area (NPA) comprises the northeastern part of Illinois and many northern suburbs of Chicago. This includes most of Lake County, the northern part of Cook County, the northern part of Kane County, and a small part of McHenry County.

Area code 847 was created on January 20, 1996, in a three-way split of area code 708. Area code 847 was involved in the first trial of telephone number pooling in the United States in June 1998, to avert central office code exhaustion in the numbering plan area.
Nevertheless, within only five years, 847 was already close to exhaustion from the rapid growth in telecommunication services in the Chicago suburbs and the proliferation of cell phones and pagers.  On January 5, 2002, area code 224 was assigned to overlay area code 847. This required ten-digit dialing in all affected communities.

Kane County, Illinois
Kane County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 516,522, making it the fifth-most populous county in Illinois. Its county seat is Geneva, and its largest city is Aurora. Kane County is one of the collar counties of the metropolitan statistical area designated "Chicago–Naperville–Elgin, IL–IN–WI" by the US census.
Carbon dioxide cleaning
Carbon dioxide cleaning (CO2 cleaning) comprises a family of methods for parts cleaning and sterilization, using carbon dioxide in its various phases. Due to being non-destructive, non-abrasive, and residue-free, it is often preferred for use on delicate surfaces.: 275  CO2 cleaning has found application in the aerospace, automotive, electronics, medical, and other industries. Carbon dioxide snow cleaning has been used to remove particles and organic residues from metals, polymers, ceramics, glasses, and other materials, and from surfaces including hard drives and optical surfaces.: 270

Phase (matter)
In the physical sciences, a phase is a region of material that is chemically uniform, physically distinct, and (often) mechanically separable. In a system consisting of ice and water in a glass jar, the ice cubes are one phase, the water is a second phase, and the humid air is a third phase over the ice and water. The glass of the jar is a different material, in its own separate phase. (See state of matter § Glass.)

More precisely, a phase is a region of space (a thermodynamic system), throughout which all physical properties of a material are essentially uniform.: 86 : 3  Examples of physical properties include density, index of refraction, magnetization and chemical composition.

The term phase is sometimes used as a synonym for state of matter, but there can be several immiscible phases of the same state of matter (as where oil and water separate into distinct phases, both in the liquid state).
Erik White
Erik White is an American music video director. In 2010, he made his feature film directorial debut with the comedy film Lottery Ticket, starring rappers Bow Wow and Ice Cube. He appeared on the reality show competition The Glee Project on the Oxygen network.

Twista
Carl Terrell Mitchell (born November 27, 1973), better known by his stage name Twista (also known as Tung Twista), is an American rapper. He is best known for his chopper style of rapping and for once holding the title of fastest English-speaking rapper in the world according to Guinness World Records in 1992, being able to pronounce 598 syllables in 55 seconds.

In 1997, after appearing on Do or Die's hit single "Po Pimp", produced by the Legendary Traxster, Twista signed with Big Beat and Atlantic Records, where he released his third album Adrenaline Rush and formed the group Speedknot Mobstaz, in 1998. His 2004 album Kamikaze topped the U.S. Billboard 200, after the success of the Billboard Hot 100 number-one single "Slow Jamz" (with Kanye West and Jamie Foxx).
Certeze
Certeze (German: Neudorf; Hungarian: Avasújfalu, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈɒvɒʃuːjfɒlu]) is a commune of 5,646 inhabitants situated in Satu Mare County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Certeze, Huta-Certeze (Lajosvölgy), and Moișeni (Mózesfalu).

The commune is located in the Țara Oașului ethnographic and historical region, in the northeastern part of Satu Mare County. It lies on the banks of the river Valea Rea and its tributary, the Valea Albă.

Certeze is situated 55 km (34 mi) northeast of the county seat, Satu Mare, on the border with Ukraine. It is crossed by national road DN19, which starts in Oradea, goes through Satu Mare, and ends in Sighetu Marmației, in the neighboring Maramureș County.

Valea Rea (Tur)
The Valea Rea is a right tributary of the Tur in Romania. It discharges into the Tur between Boinești and Remetea Oașului. Its length is 29 km (18 mi) and its basin size is 289 km2 (112 sq mi). Its lower course is also considered the lower course of the Lechincioara.