hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Caraun Reid
Caraun Reid (born November 23, 1991) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Princeton Tigers and was selected by the Detroit Lions in the fifth round of the 2014 NFL draft.  He was also a member of 8 other NFL teams, and the DC Defenders.

Princeton Tigers football
The Princeton Tigers football program represents Princeton University and competes at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) level as a member of the Ivy League. Princeton's football program—along with the football program at nearby Rutgers University—began in 1869 with a contest that is often regarded as the beginnings of American football.
Escape to the Sun
Escape to the Sun is a 1972 drama film written, produced, and directed by Menahem Golan and starring Laurence Harvey, Josephine Chaplin, John Ireland, Lila Kedrova and Jack Hawkins. The film was a co-production of Israel, France and West Germany.

The screenplay was written by Menahem Golan and Yosef Gross, based on a short story by Uri Dan. The plot centers around a group of Jews attempting to hijack a plane to escape from a police state. The country's name is not mentioned in the film, but it is clear that it refers to the Soviet Union.

The storyline is inspired by Operation Wedding, a documentary about the Dymshits–Kuznetsov hijacking affair, when a group of Jews, including refusal-to-emigrate individuals and human rights activists in the Soviet Union hijack an empty civilian plane on June 15, 1970. However, the resemblance between the two is minimal.

The film was shot in West Berlin and Norway.

Operation Wedding
Operation Wedding is a documentary film about the Dymshits–Kuznetsov hijacking affair, an unsuccessful escape attempt from the Soviet Union by a group of young Soviet, mostly Jewish, who were denied exit visas. The documentary is told from a personal point of view of the filmmaker, Anat Zalmanson-Kuznetsov, daughter of group members: Eduard Kuznetsov and Sylva Zalmanson.
1971 British Speedway Championship
The 1971 British Speedway Championship was the 11th edition of the British Speedway Championship. The final took place on 16 June at Brandon Stadium in Coventry, England. The Championship was won by Ivan Mauger.

The British Under 21 Championship was won by Ian Turner.

British Speedway Under 21 Championship
The British Speedway Under-21 Championship (also known as the British Junior Speedway Championship) is an annual speedway competition open to riders of British nationality aged at least fifteen on the date of the first meeting, and under twenty-one on 1 January in the year of the competition. The winner of the final is declared British Under-21 Champion. Previous winners include former World Champions Mark Loram and Gary Havelock.
Loyalist Golf and Country Club
Loyalist Golf and Country Club is a Ted Baker-designed semi-private golf course, located in Bath, Ontario, Canada, just west of Kingston, Ontario. It plays as a par 72, with 5 sets of tee blocks, and yardages ranging from 5,038 to 6,625 yards.

Loyalist, Ontario
Loyalist is a lower-tier township in central eastern Ontario, Canada on Lake Ontario. It is in Lennox and Addington County and consists of two parts: the mainland and Amherst Island. It was named for the United Empire Loyalists, who settled in the area after the American Revolution.

Loyalist Township was formed on January 1, 1998, through the amalgamation of Amherst Island Township, Ernestown Township, and Bath Village.
James Adams (cricketer, born 1811)
James Adams (15 January 1811 – 7 November 1851) was an English first-class cricketer. Adams' batting style is unknown, while it is known he occasionally played as a wicket-keeper. He was born at Saffron Walden, Essex.

Adams made his first-class cricket debut for Cambridge Town Club against Cambridge University in May 1830 at the University Ground, Barnwell, where he made 62 runs in Cambridge Town Club's first-innings. He played for the Players in June of that year in the Gentlemen v Players fixture at Lord's Cricket Ground, before making two further first-class appearances for Suffolk, both against the Marylebone Cricket Club in June and August. In his four first-class matches, Adams scored 96 runs at an average of 19.20.

He died at the town of his birth on 7 November 1851.

University Ground, Barnwell
The University Ground was a cricket ground in Barnwell, a suburb in northeast Cambridge, England.  The ground was located off Mill Road and served as the University of Cambridge's main ground from 1821 to 1830.  It was surrounded on three sides by open countryside and on one side by the New Barnwell Church.  Today the ground no longer exists, with the vast majority of it becoming the Mill Road Cemetery in 1847.
Dean King
Dean King (born 1962) is an American author of narrative non-fiction on adventure, historical and maritime subjects. His books include Skeletons on the Zahara (2004) and Unbound (2010), both published by Little, Brown. He is the author of companion books to Patrick O'Brian's Aubrey-Maturin series of novels and is the first biographer of O'Brian. In his biography, Patrick O'Brian: A Life (2000), which was excerpted in four full pages in The Daily Telegraph in London, King revealed that O'Brian was not really of Irish origin, as O'Brian claimed, and that he had changed his name by deed poll in London in 1945. King has also published articles in The New York Times, National Geographic Adventure, New York Magazine, Outside and other magazines and newspapers.

Nat Geo People
Nat Geo People (short for National Geographic People) is an international pay television channel owned by National Geographic Partners, a joint venture between the Walt Disney Company (73%) and the National Geographic Society (27%). Targeted at female audiences, with programming focusing on people and cultures, the channel is available in 50 countries in both linear and non-linear formats.
Raorchestes sushili
Sushil's bushfrog (Raorchestes sushili) is a critically endangered frog found only in the Andiparai Shola in the municipality of Valparai in Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu, India.

This frog has been observed in evergreen forests between 1000 and 1600 meters above sea level. The frog sits on leaves and stems 1–3 m above the ground. This frog has not bene found in disturbed habitats, per a 2023 IUCN report.

Like other frogs in Raorchestes, this frog breeds through direct development.

The IUCN classifies this frog as endangered because of its small, fragmented range, which is subject to ongoing degradation.

Direct development
Direct development is a concept in biology.  It refers to forms of growth to adulthood that do not involve metamorphosis.  An animal undergoes direct development if the immature organism resembles a small adult rather than having a distinct larval form.  A frog that hatches out of its egg as a small frog undergoes direct development.  A frog that hatches out of its egg as a tadpole does not.

Direct development is the opposite of complete metamorphosis.  An animal undergoes complete metamorphosis if it becomes a non-moving thing, for example a pupa in a cocoon, between its larval and adult stages.
Phellibaumin
Phellibaumins are hispidin derivatives isolated from the fungus Phellinus. Five such derivatives have been identified, designated as phellibaumins A through E. Phellibaumins A and B are classified as pyranones, while phellibaumins C, D, and E are classified as styrylpyranones.

Phellibaumin A was also identified as being produced by the fungus Inonotus hispidus, and phellibaumins B and C were identified in Sanghuangporus vaninii. Phellibaumin E is of interest to medical researchers due to potential anti-dementia effects.

Pyrone
Pyrones or pyranones are a class of heterocyclic chemical compounds. They contain an unsaturated six-membered ring, which has one oxygen atom and a carbonyl functional group. There are two isomers, denoted as 2-pyrone and 4-pyrone. The 2-pyrone (or α-pyrone) structure is a lactone and is found in nature as part of the coumarin ring system. The 4-pyrone (or γ-pyrone) structure is an ether–ketone found in some natural chemical compounds such as chromone, maltol and kojic acid.
Haoud El Hamra
Haoud El Hamra is a village situated in the commune of Hassi Messaoud, within Hassi Messaoud District, Ouargla Province, Algeria. It is located approximately 24 kilometres (15 mi) north of Hassi Messaoud and 61 kilometres (38 mi) east of the provincial capital, Ouargla.

Ouargla
Ouargla (Berber languages: Wargrən, Kabyle: Wergla, Arabic: ورقلة, romanized: Warqalah) is the capital city of Ouargla Province in the Sahara Desert in southern Algeria. It has a flourishing petroleum industry and hosts one of Algeria's universities, the University of Ouargla. The commune of Ouargla had a population of 133,024 in the 2008 census, up from 112,339 in 1998, and an annual population growth rate of 1.7%. However, including the commune of Rouissat, found in Ouargla's urban area, gives a total population of 191,136.
Kentucky's 30th Senate district
Kentucky's 30th Senatorial district is one of 38 districts in the Kentucky Senate. Located in the eastern part of the state, it comprises the counties of Breathitt, Estill, Lee, Leslie, Magoffin, Morgan, Perry, Powell, and Wolfe. It has been represented by Brandon Smith (R–Hazard) since 2008. As of 2023, the district had a population of 117,974.

Breathitt County, Kentucky
Breathitt County (/ˈbrɛˌθɪt/ BREH-thit) is a county located in the eastern portion of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,718.  Its county seat is Jackson. The county was formed in 1839 and was named for John Breathitt, who was Governor of Kentucky from 1832 to 1834. Breathitt County was formerly a dry county, until a public vote in July 2016 passed, allowing alcohol sales.
Lawrence Black (cricketer)
Lawrence Garfield Black (15 September 1881 – 14 August 1959) was an English cricketer. Black was a left-handed batsman who bowled left-arm medium pace.

Black made his first-class debut for Hampshire against the Gentlemen of Philadelphia in 1903. On debut, Black took his only first-class wicket, that of Philadelphia batsman John Lester.

After the First World War and sixteen years after making his debut for Hampshire, Black made his second first-class appearance for Hampshire in 1919. Black played three matches in the 1919 County Championship against Middlesex, Surrey and Yorkshire.

Black died at Dewsbury, Yorkshire on 14 August 1959.

Seam bowling
Seam bowling is a bowling technique in cricket, in which the ball is deliberately bowled to hit the ground on its seam, to cause a random deviation when it bounces. A bowler who uses this technique is called a seam bowler or seamer.

Seam bowling is a form of fast bowling, although seam can also be a factor in medium-pace bowling. Although there are specialist seamers that make deliberate use of off cutter and leg cutter at the expense of bowling slower than regular fast bowlers, most bowlers employ the seam to some effect and so the terms "seamer" and "fast bowler" are largely synonymous. This was far less the case in the past, even the recent past. Bowlers such as Tom Cartwright and Derek Shackleton bowled seamers at a pace in the low 70mphs and were very successful due to their mastery of control and variation.
4th Gorkha Rifles
The 4th Gorkha Rifles or the Fourth Gorkha Rifles, abbreviated as 4 GR, is an infantry regiment of the Indian Army comprising Gurkha soldiers of Indian Gorkha or Nepalese nationality, especially Magars and Gurungs hill tribes of Nepal. The Fourth Gorkha Rifles has five infantry battalions. The regiment was raised in 1857 as part of the British Indian Army. In 1947, after India's independence, the Fourth Gurkha Rifles became part of the Indian Army as the Fourth Gorkha Rifles.

The regiment has seen action in wars in Africa, Europe and Asia, including the Second Afghan War, the Boxer Rebellion (China), World War I, and World War II. Since Independence, in 1947, the regiment has seen action in the India-Pakistan Wars of 1947–48, 1965, 1971, 1987, and 1999, and the Chinese aggression in 1962. The regiment has also participated in UN peace-keeping missions.

Chindits
The Chindits, officially known as Long Range Penetration Groups, were special operations units of the British and Indian armies which saw action in 1943–1944 during the Burma Campaign of World War II. Brigadier Orde Wingate formed them for long-range penetration operations against the Imperial Japanese Army, especially attacking lines of communication deep behind Japanese lines.

The name Chindits is a corrupted form of Chinthe (Burmese: ခြင်္သေ့), Burmese word for "lion".

Their operations featured long marches through extremely difficult terrain, undertaken by underfed troops often weakened by diseases such as malaria and dysentery. Controversy persists over the extremely high casualty rate and the debatable military value of the achievements of the Chindits.
Eddie Lyons
Eddie Lyons (November 25, 1886 – August 30, 1926) was an American film actor, director, writer, and producer of the silent era. He appeared in 388, directed 153, wrote for 93, and produced 40 films between 1911 and 1926. He was born in Beardstown, Illinois, and died in Pasadena, California. Lyons was often paired with actor Lee Moran and the two made several comedic films together.

Lyons performed in vaudeville and acted in stock theater companies in Chicago before he began acting in films. He worked for the Nestor Film Company, first as an actor and then as director of one of the company's units. His brother, Harry Lyons, also was an actor.

Lyons married actress Virginia Kirtley in 1916, and they had a daughter, Frances Lyons, who was an actress.

On August 30, 1926, Lyons died in the Bishop Sanitarium in Pasadena, California, aged 39.

Nestor Film Company
34°05′54″N 118°19′21″W﻿ / ﻿34.098280°N 118.322558°W﻿ / 34.098280; -118.322558

The Nestor Film Company, originally known as the Nestor Motion Picture Company, was an American motion picture production company. It was founded in 1909 as the West Coast production unit of the Centaur Film Company located in Bayonne, New Jersey. While not the first movie studio in Los Angeles, Nestor made great strides on October 27, 1911, by establishing the first permanent motion picture studio in Hollywood, California, and producing the first Hollywood films. The company later merged with its distributor, the Universal Film Manufacturing Company, on May 20, 1912. Nestor remained a recognizable brand name for Universal until at least the middle of 1917.
Sölk Pass
Sölk Pass (el. 1788 m.) is a high mountain pass in the Austrian Alps in the Bundesland of Styria.

It crosses the Niedere Tauern and connects the Mur River valley with the Enns River valley.

The pass road is a secondary highway and is not cleared in winter. Nearby passes include Radstädter Tauern Pass and the Tauern Tunnel to the west and Triebener Tauern Pass to the east.

Enns (river)
The Enns (German pronunciation: [ɛns] ⓘ) is a southern tributary of the river Danube in Austria, joining northward at the city of Enns. It forms parts 
of the border between the states of Lower Austria and Upper Austria. The Enns spans 253 kilometres (157 mi), in a flat-J-shape. It flows from its source near the village Flachau, generally eastward through Radstadt, Schladming, and Liezen, then turns north near Hieflau, to flow past Weyer and Ternberg through Steyr, and further north to the Danube at Enns (see map in References).
Great dodecahemidodecacron
In geometry, the great dodecahemidodecacron is the dual of the great dodecahemidodecahedron, and is one of nine dual hemipolyhedra. It appears indistinct from the great icosihemidodecacron.

Since the hemipolyhedra have faces passing through the center, the dual figures have corresponding vertices at infinity; properly, on the real projective plane at infinity. In Magnus Wenninger's Dual Models, they are represented with intersecting prisms, each extending in both directions to the same vertex at infinity, in order to maintain symmetry. In practice the model prisms are cut off at a certain point that is convenient for the maker. Wenninger suggested these figures are members of a new class of stellation figures, called stellation to infinity. However, he also suggested that strictly speaking they are not polyhedra because their construction does not conform to the usual definitions.

The great dodecahemidodecacron can be seen as having six vertices at infinity.

Face (geometry)
In solid geometry, a face is a flat surface (a planar region) that forms part of the boundary of a solid object. For example, a cube has six faces in this sense.

In more modern treatments of the geometry of polyhedra and higher-dimensional polytopes, a "face" is defined in such a way that it may have any dimension. The vertices, edges, and (2-dimensional) faces of a polyhedron are all faces in this more general sense.
Natal Field Force
The Natal Field Force (NFF) was a multi-battalion field force originally formed by Major-General Sir George Pomeroy Colley in Natal for the First Boer War. It was later re-established for the Second Boer War (1899–1902) and commanded by Major-General Sir Redvers Buller VC GCB GCMG (although after the failed attack at Colenso he was replaced as overall commander in South Africa by Lord Roberts).

George Pomeroy Colley
Major General Sir George Pomeroy Colley, KCSI, CB, CMG (1 November 1835 – 27 February 1881) was a British Army officer who became Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Natal and High Commissioner for South Eastern Africa. Colley was killed in action, at the Battle of Majuba Hill.
Hong Kong Localism Power (2015)
Hong Kong Localism Power (Chinese: 香港本土力量) is a conservative localist political organisation founded in 2015. It is currently headed by Jonathan Ho Chi-kwong.

In the 2016 Hong Kong Legislative Council election, Ho formed a joint ticket with Democratic Progressive Party of Hong Kong chairman Yeung Ke-cheong. Yeung's candidacy was disqualified by the Electoral Affairs Commission as he did not sign both the original and additional confirmation forms to pledge to uphold the Hong Kong Basic Law. Ho led a ticket on his own and ran a negative propaganda against Wong Yuk-man which led to the downfall of Wong, who failed to retain his seat by a margin of 424 votes. Ho himself received 399 votes.

In November 2018 Kowloon West by-election, Ho supported pro-Beijing Chan Hoi-yan.

Electoral Affairs Commission
The Electoral Affairs Commission (EAC) is the body that oversees electoral matters in Hong Kong. Established under the Electoral Affairs Commission Ordinance, its main functions include considering or reviewing the boundaries of Legislative Council geographical constituencies and constituencies of the 18 District Councils for the purpose of making recommendations, and overseeing the conduct and supervision of elections and regulating the procedures at an election. It is also responsible for supervision of the registration of electors and the promotional activities relating to registration.
Qurfays
Qurfays (Arabic: قرفيص, also spelled Qurfeis or Korfeis) is a village in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Jableh District in the Latakia Governorate, located south of Latakia. Nearby localities include Arab al-Mulk to the west, Jableh to the northwest, al-Aqibah and al-Qutailibiyah to the northeast, Sarabion and  Dweir Baabda to the southeast. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Qurfays had a population of 5,566 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites and is one of the centers of the large Douba family. Ali Douba, the former longtime Chief of Military Intelligence.

The municipality of Qurfays was established in 1979 to administer the local affairs of the village as well as nearby al-Barazin, al-Zahra, Bishnana and Mahwarta. There are about 7,000 people living in the municipality whose mayor in 2008 was Abdullah Ehsan.

Latakia Governorate
Latakia Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة اللاذقية Muḥāfaẓat al-Lādhiqīyah), officially known as Lattakia Governorate, and also transliterated as Ladhakia, is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is situated in northwestern Syria, bordering Turkey's Hatay Province to the north, Idlib and Hama Governorate to the east, Tartus Governorate to the south, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Its reported area varies in different sources from 2,297 km2 (887 sq mi) to 2,437 km2 (941 sq mi). The governorate has a population of 1,008,000 (2011 estimate).
Brad Meltzer
Brad Meltzer (born April 1, 1970) is an American novelist, non-fiction writer, TV show creator, and comic book author. His novels touch on the political thriller, legal thriller and conspiracy fiction genres, while he has also written superhero comics for DC Comics, and periodically Marvel Comics, and a series of short biographies of prominent people for young readers.

Superhero comics
Superhero comics is one of the most common genres of American comic books. The genre rose to prominence in the 1930s and became extremely popular in the 1940s and has remained the dominant form of comic book in North America since the 1960s.  Superhero comics feature stories about superheroes and the universes these characters inhabit.

Beginning with the introduction of Superman in 1938 in Action Comics #1 (an anthology of adventure features) comic books devoted to superheroes (heroic people with extraordinary or superhuman abilities and skills, or god-like powers and attributes) ballooned into a widespread genre, coincident with the beginnings of World War II and the end of the Great Depression.
Ubayd bin Sharia
'Ubayd bin Shari'a al-Jurhami (Arabic: عبيد بن شرية الجرهمي, died 686) also known as 'Ubayd bin Suriyah was an early Arab historian who lived during the rule of the Umayyad Caliphate in the 7th century CE. He specialized in Yemeni history. Some narrations from him are present in The Book of Crowns on the Kings of Himyar, a semi-legendary book about the rulers of the Himyarite Kingdom.

The Book of Crowns on the Kings of Himyar
Kitāb al-Tījāni (Arabic: كتاب التيجان) also known more commonly as The Book of Crowns on the Kings of Himyar, is a historical and biographical work by the Yemeni historian Wahb ibn Munabbih, an 8th AD century Israʼiliyyat author. The book is also known as Kitāb al-Tījān li ma'rifati muluk al-zamān fi akhbar Qahtān (The Book of Crowns, on the kings of yesteryear in the accounts of the Qahtānites).

The book later transmitted by Ibn Hisham who also worked on the As-Sīrah an-Nabawiyyah. Ibn Hisham reported that he acquired the book's narratives from 'Abd al-Mun'im ibn Idris.
Chalukyas of Saurashtra
The Chalukyas of Saurashtra ruled the southern Kathiawar peninsula in western India as Gurjara vassals, from the city of Una (in modern-day Junagadh). They ruled from the eighth century until the middle of the tenth century when their territory was conquered by the Abhiras.

They used the title Mahipati.

Abhira people
The Abhira people (Devanagari: आभीर) were a legendary people mentioned in ancient Indian epics and scriptures. A historical people of the same name are mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea. The Mahabharata describes them as living near the seashore and on the bank of the Sarasvati River, near Somnath in Gujarat and in the Matsya region also.
Trams in Alexandria
The Alexandria tramway network serves the city of Alexandria, Egypt. It began operating in 1863 and consists of 20 lines operating on 32 kilometers (20 mi) of the track, serving 140 stops. It is one of only a few tram systems in the world that uses double-deck cars; other examples are Blackpool in the UK and Hong Kong. The system is a 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge.

Gianaclis
Gianaclis (Arabic: جناكليس) is a neighbourhood in Alexandria, Egypt. It is named after the Greek-Egyptian businessman Nestor Gianaclis who established the Gianaclis Vineyards in Alexandria and, along with the Kyriazi Freres, founded the Egyptian cigarette industry.