hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dragomir R. Radev
Dragomir R. Radev (August 7, 1968 – March 29, 2023) was an American computer scientist who was a professor at Yale University, working on natural language processing and information retrieval. He also served as a University of Michigan computer science professor and Columbia University computer science adjunct professor, as well as a Member of the Advisory Board of Lawyaw.

Radev worked in the fields of open domain question answering,  multi-document summarization, large language models and the application of NLP in Bioinformatics, Social Network Analysis and Political Science.

Radev received his PhD in Computer Science from Columbia University in 1999. He had served on the executive committee of the Association for Computational Linguistics, and as survey editor and associate editor of the Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research.

Radev died on March 29, 2023, at the age of 54.

Natural language processing
Natural language processing (NLP) is the processing of natural language information by a computer. NLP is a subfield of computer science and is closely associated with artificial intelligence. NLP is also related to information retrieval, knowledge representation, computational linguistics, and linguistics more broadly.

Major processing tasks in an NLP system include: speech recognition, text classification, natural language understanding, and natural language generation.
Belbus
Belbus (from Late Latin: belbus, 'hyena') is an extinct genus of hyaenids that lived in Europe and Africa during the Turolian of the Late Miocene. Belbus had durophagous adaptations in its dentition, but was less well-adapted to durophagy than modern durophagous hyaenids such as the spotted hyena or the brown hyena.

Turolian
The Turolian age is a period of geologic time (9.0–5.3 Ma) within the Miocene used more specifically with European Land Mammal Ages. It precedes the Ruscinian age and follows the Vallesian age. The Turolian overlaps the Tortonian and Messinian ages.

References
Ecomechanics
Ecomechanics is a biomechanic scientific discipline studying the mechanisms underlying organisms' interactions with their environment. It incorporates elements of ecology and comparative physiology, as an outgrowth of biomechanics. The term was originally coined by Dr. M. A. R. Koehl. The field gained its own recognition as the result of a working group at Friday Harbor Laboratories in September 2009.

Comparative physiology
Comparative physiology is a subdiscipline of physiology that studies and exploits the diversity of functional characteristics of various kinds of organisms.  It is closely related to evolutionary physiology and environmental physiology.  Many universities offer undergraduate courses that cover comparative aspects of animal physiology. According to Clifford Ladd Prosser, "Comparative Physiology
is not so much a defined discipline as a viewpoint, a philosophy."
Urbain de Florit de La Tour de Clamouze
Urbain de Florit de La Tour de Clamouze, SS.CC., (born Alphonse de Florit de La Tour de Clamouze; 7 October 1794 – 2 August 1868) was a French nobleman and later lay brother of the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary, a religious institute of the Roman Catholic Church. He was part of the Roman Catholic mission in the Gambier Islands from 1835 until his death in 1863. He founded and headed the Re'e Seminary College on Aukena, one of the earliest institution of higher learning in the South Pacific, where native Mangarevan boys were taught Latin and French as future clergymen. The young King Joseph Gregorio II was also educated at the College.

Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary
The Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary (Latin: Congregatio Sacrorum Cordium Iesu et Mariae) abbreviated SS.CC., is a Catholic clerical religious congregation of Pontifical Right for priests and brothers. The congregation is also known as the Picpus because their first house was on the Rue de Picpus in Paris, France.
The Still Alarm (1918 film)
The Still Alarm is a 1918 American silent drama film directed by Colin Campbell and starring Tom Santschi, Bessie Eyton, and Eugenie Besserer. It is an adaptation of the 1887 play The Still Alarm by Joseph Arthur.

Colin Campbell (director)
James Colin Campbell (11 October 1859 – 26 August 1928) was a film director, actor and screenwriter. He directed more than 170 American films between 1911 and 1924; and wrote scripts for 60 films between 1911 and 1922. He was born in Scotland, and died in Hollywood, California.

Campbell married actress Blanche Crozier on March 2, 1912.
Surasak BTS station
Surasak station (Thai: สถานีสุรศักดิ์) is a BTS skytrain station, on the Silom Line in Bang Rak and Sathon districts, Bangkok, Thailand. The station is located on Sathon Road to the east of Sathon-Surasak intersection. The surrounding area along Sathon Road is primarily a business zone with many office towers and embassies. Holiday Inn Bangkok Silom is a 5-mins walk, Bangkok Christian College and Saint Louis Churchpatrick are within walking distance to the east of the station.

Sathon district
Sathon or Sathorn (Thai: สาทร, pronounced [sǎː.tʰɔ̄ːn]), is a district (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand, one of fifty into which the city is divided. Situated along the Chao Phraya River in central Bangkok, Sathorn is home to numerous intergovernmental organizations, foreign embassies, and Southeast Asian offices of multinational corporations. Its neighboring districts are (clockwise from north): Bang Rak, Pathum Wan, Khlong Toei, Yan Nawa, Bang Kho Laem, and Khlong San (across the Chao Phraya River).
Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski
Prince Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski (20 January 1616 – 31 December 1667) was a Polish noble (szlachcic), magnate,  politician and military commander, and Prince of the Holy Roman Empire. He was the initiator of the Lubomirski Rebellion of 1665–1666 against royal authority.

Lubomirski was the son of voivode and starost Stanisław Lubomirski and Princess Zofia Ostrogska. He was married to Konstancja Ligęza since 1641 and Barbara Tarło since 1654. He was starost of Kraków since 1647, Crown Court Marshal in the same year, Crown Grand Marshal since 1650, Crown Field Hetman since 1658, starosta of Nowy Sącz and Spisz.

He became Sejm Marshal of the ordinary Sejm between 1 February and 29 March 1643 in Warsaw.

Starosta
Starosta /ˈstɑːrɒstə/ or starost (Cyrillic: старост/а, Latin: capitaneus, German: Starost, Hauptmann) is a community elder in some Slavic lands.

The Slavic root of "starost" translates as "senior". Since the Middle Ages, it has designated an official in a leadership position in a range of civic and social contexts throughout Central and Eastern Europe. In reference to a municipality, a starosta was historically a senior royal administrative official, equivalent to a county sheriff or seneschal, and analogous to a gubernator. In Poland, a starosta administered a crown land district called starostwo.

In the early Middle Ages, a starosta could head a settled urban or rural community or other community, as in the case of a church starosta or an artel starosta. A starosta also functioned as a master of ceremonies.
Hualipayoc
Hualipayoc (possibly from Quechua wamanripa, a species of Senecio, -yuq a suffix) is a mountain in the Vilcanota mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,600 metres (18,373 ft) high. It is situated in the Cusco Region, Quispicanchi Province, Ocongate District. Hualipayoc lies northwest of mount Alcamarinayoc and southeast of Lake Singrenacocha.

Senecio
Senecio is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family (Asteraceae) that includes groundsels and some ragworts. Variously circumscribed taxonomically, the genus Senecio is one of the largest genera of flowering plants. Plants of the World Online currently accepts 1482 species.
Karina Velázquez Ramírez
Diana Karina Velázquez Ramírez (born 13 June 1970) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). 
In the 2012 general election she was elected to the Chamber of Deputies 
to represent the ninth district of Chihuahua during the 
62nd Congress.

LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXII Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 62nd session of the Congress of Mexico, met from September 1, 2012, to August 31, 2015. It consisted of Senators and Deputies in their respective chambers. All members of both the lower and upper houses of the Congress were elected in the elections of July 2012.

Senators were elected for a six-year term during the 2012 elections, allowing them to serve in both the LXII and subsequent legislatures. Deputies, also elected in the 2012 elections, served exclusively during the LXII Legislature.

The composition of the LXII Legislature was as follows:
Michael Sperberg-McQueen
C. Michael Sperberg-McQueen (May 18, 1954 – August 16, 2024) was an American medieval German philologist and markup language specialist. He was founder and co-chair of Extreme Markup Languages (later known as Balisage: The Markup Conference), founder and principal of Black Mesa Technologies, co-editor of the Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 spec (1998), and chair of both the W3C XML Coordination Group and the XML Schema Working Group.

Medieval German literature
Medieval German literature refers to the literature of Medieval Germany.

It can be subdivided into two main periods:

Old High German literature (750–1050) is the product of the monasteries and is almost exclusively religious in nature

Middle High German literature (1050–1350) is the product of the noble courts and focuses on knightly exploits and courtly love
Mixel Pixel
Mixel Pixel was a music/video project based in Brooklyn, New York, active from 1995-2009.

Formed in December 1995 in rural Minnesota, Mixel Pixel soon released their first home recorded 4 track cassettes, Lez Puff, Pastelogram, and Basement Mom.  Later, they relocated to Delaware where they spent the next 4 years recording their first LP called Mappyland.   Upon moving to New York in 1999, they made a string of homemade cut-and-paste rock LPs; Rainbow Panda, Contact Kid, Music For Plants, Let's Be Friends, and Highschool is not Hell.

In 2007 Mixel Pixel toured with Of Montreal.  Through the years they've also shared the stage with Man Man, Chromatics, Extreme Animals, Chairlift, Grand Buffet, Ra Ra Riot, Grizzly Bear, We Are Wolves, They Might Be Giants, HEALTH, and Pit er Pat.

Mixel Pixel have collaborated on music videos with paperrad, Noah Lyon, Ricardo Rivera, Radical Friend, and Devin Clark.

Mixel Pixel have remixed bands including Professor Murder and Of Montreal.

Noah Lyon
Noah Lyon (born September 11, 1979) is a multidisciplinary artist based in New York City.

A graduate of the Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, Noah Lyon works in drawing, painting, artist's books, sound art, and installation. He is the founder of Retard Riot, a network of radical individuals devoted to art, music, and philosophy.  
Under several different monikers (most commonly Doctor Ninja) he practices the art of cultural criticism, turntablism and plunderphonics. Beside his fine art career he maintains a prolific output of underground ephemera including Retard Riot zines, radio broadcasts, CD-R's, cassettes, stickers, flyers, collaborative tape music and buttons. His work is in the permanent collections of the Tate Britain and the Museum of Modern Art, The Menil Collection and The Whitney Museum of American Art.
Lilly the Witch: The Dragon and the Magic Book
Lilly the Witch: The Dragon and the Magic Book (German: Hexe Lilli: Der Drache und das magische Buch) is a 2009 German-language children's film directed by Stefan Ruzowitzky. It is a partly animated comic fantasy based on the books by Knister, who co-wrote the screenplay.

The film was released on 19 February 2009 by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures Germany though the Walt Disney Pictures banner. A sequel, Lilly the Witch: The Journey to Mandolan, was released in 2011.

It was nominated for the Deutscher Filmpreis (German Film Award) in the category "Best Children's Film".

Children's film
A children's film, or family film, is a film genre that generally relates to children in the context of home and family. Children's films are made specifically for children and not necessarily for a general audience, while family films are made for a wider appeal with a general audience in mind. Children's films come in several major genres like realism, fantasy, adventure, war, musicals, comedy, and literary adaptations.
Legislative districts of Maguindanao
The legislative districts of Maguindanao were the representations of the province of Maguindanao and the independent component city of Cotabato in the various national legislatures of the Philippines. The province and the city were represented in the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines through their first and second congressional districts from 1987–2022.

Cotabato
Cotabato, formerly and still commonly referred to as North Cotabato and officially the Province of Cotabato, is a landlocked province in the Philippines located in the Soccsksargen region in Mindanao. Its capital is the city of Kidapawan, the most populous in the province. Some of its municipalities are under the jurisdiction of the nearby Bangsamoro Autonomous Region.
Baldone Parish
Baldone Parish (Latvian: Baldones pagasts) is an administrative unit of Ķekava Municipality, Latvia. From 2009 until 2021, it was part of the former Baldone Municipality. The administrative center is the town of Baldone, which is not a part of the parish.

It was created in 2010 from the countryside territory of Baldone town. At the beginning of 2015, the population of the parish was 3322. Baldone Parish is defined by Latvian law as belonging partly to the historical lands of Vidzeme and partly to Semigallia.

The Baldone Observatory of the University of Latvia is located in the parish near the village of Riekstukalns.

University of Latvia
University of Latvia (Latvian: Latvijas Universitāte, shortened LU) is a public research university located in Riga, Latvia. The university was established in 1919. It is one of the largest and most prestigious higher education institutions in the Baltic States.
Badini (surname)
Badini is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abdul Majeed Badini, Pakistani politician

Alidou Badini, Burkinabé filmmaker

Angelo Badini, (1894–1921), Italian Argentine footballer

Boureima Badini (born 1956), Burkinabé politician

Carlo Maria Badini (1925–2007), Italian arts administrator

Emilio Badini (1897–1956), Italian Argentine footballer

Ernesto Badini (1876–1937), Italian opera singer

Gérard Badini (1931–2025), French jazz bandleader, composer, reedist, and pianist

Jérôme Badini, French saxophonist, composer

Mir Muhammad Yousaf Badini, Pakistani politician

Muneer Ahmed Badini (born 1953), Pakistani novelist and writer

Usman Badini, Pakistani politician

Alidou Badini
Alidou Badini is a filmmaker from Burkina Faso who has worked on many films and TV productions. He co-directed the widely discussed Le Beurre et l'argent du beurre, which documents the realities of free trade.
Albification
"Albification" is the second season premiere of the FX television series Sons of Anarchy. It was written by Kurt Sutter, the original series creator, directed by Guy Ferland, and staff-written by Misha Green. It originally aired in the United States on September 9, 2009.

This episode marks the first appearance of Adam Arkin (Ethan Zobelle), Henry Rollins (A.J. Weston), and Sarah Jones (Polly Zobelle).

Sarah Jones (screen actress)
Sarah Jones is an American film and television actress. She began her screen career in 2004 with guest appearances on series such as Medical Investigation, Cold Case, and Judging Amy. She gained wider recognition for recurring roles on Huff, Ugly Betty, Big Love, and Sons of Anarchy, before starring as Detective Rebecca Madsen in the Fox series Alcatraz (2012). Since 2019, she has played NASA astronaut Tracy Stevens in the Apple TV+ science fiction drama For All Mankind. Jones has also appeared in films including Still Green, for which she won a Spirit of the Independent Award for Best Ensemble, and Chemical Hearts (2020).
David F. Evans
David Frewin Evans (born August 11, 1951) has been a general authority of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) since 2005.

Evans was born in Salt Lake City, Utah. He grew up in Los Angeles, California, where his father David C. Evans worked for Bendix Corporation. His mother, Joy F. Evans, served as a counselor to Barbara W. Winder in the Relief Society General Presidency from 1984 to 1990. His father went on to co-found Evans and Sutherland, an early computer graphics company.

Evans served as a missionary in the church's Japan Mission from 1970 to 1972. After his mission, he received a bachelor's degree in community health education from the University of Utah and a Juris Doctor from Brigham Young University. He then worked as a member of the Salt Lake City law firm of Durham, Jones and Pinegar. He later worked as an executive with SEI USA in Newport Beach, California, and was a partner in the law firm of Snell and Willmer.

Bendix Corporation
Bendix Corporation is an American manufacturing and engineering company founded in 1924 and subsidiary of Knorr-Bremse since 2002.

During various times in its existence, Bendix made automotive brake shoes and systems, vacuum tubes, aircraft brakes, aeronautical hydraulics and electric power systems, avionics, aircraft and automobile fuel control systems, radios, televisions and computers. A line of home clothes washing machines in the mid-20th century were marketed as Bendix, though those were produced by a partner company that licensed its name. As of 2025, the company focuses on the trucking and automotive industries.
Made in Heaven (2019 film)
Made in Heaven is a 2019 Nigerian romantic drama film directed by Toka McBaror and produced by Darlington Abuda. It features Richard Mofe-Damijo, Jide Kosoko, Nancy Isime, Ayo Makun, Toyin Abraham, Blossom Chukwujekwu, Lasisi Elenu, former Big Brother Naija housemate Kemen, among others. The film follows its central characters as they seek spiritual help in their daily lives.

Richard Mofe-Damijo
Chief Richard Evans Mofe-Damijo (born 6 July 1961), popularly known as RMD, is a Nigerian actor, writer, producer, lawyer, and former journalist. He served as Commissioner for Culture and Tourism in Delta State from 2009 to 2015. Mofe-Damijo won the Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role in 2005. He received a Lifetime Achievement Award at the 12th Africa Movie Academy Awards in 2016. In 2024, he was honoured with the Industry Merit Awards, alongside Iya Rainbow at the Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards.
Guangning County
Guangning County, alternately romanized as Kwongning County, is a county in western Guangdong, China, under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Zhaoqing. Guangning County has an area of 2,380 square kilometers (920 sq mi), with a population of 408,112 (2020 census).

County (China)
Counties (县) are found in the third level of the administrative hierarchy in provinces and autonomous regions and the second level in municipalities and Hainan, a level that is known as "county level" and also contains autonomous counties, county-level cities, banners, autonomous banners and city districts. There are 1,355 counties in mainland China out of a total of 2,851 county-level divisions.

The term xian is sometimes translated as "district" or "prefecture" when put in the context of Chinese history.
Los Angeles County flood of 2005
The Los Angeles County flood of 2005 was the first large flood in Los Angeles County since 1938. It affected communities near the Los Angeles River and areas ranging from Santa Barbara County in the north to Orange and San Diego Counties in the south, as well as Riverside and San Bernardino Counties to the east. Large amounts of rain in January caused the Los Angeles River basin to overflow. The Ventura, Santa Ynez, and Santa Clara Rivers also flooded.

Santa Barbara County, California
Santa Barbara County, officially the County of Santa Barbara (Spanish: Condado de Santa Bárbara), is a county located in Southern California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 448,229. The county seat is Santa Barbara, and the largest city is Santa Maria.

Santa Barbara County comprises the Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area. Most of the county is part of the California Central Coast. Mainstays of the county's economy include engineering, resource extraction (particularly petroleum extraction and diatomaceous earth mining), winemaking, agriculture, and education. The software development and tourism industries are important employers in the southern part of the county.
Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank
The Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank (DSHB) is a National Resource established by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 1986 to bank and distribute at cost hybridomas and the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) they produce to the basic science community worldwide. It is housed in the Department of Biology at the University of Iowa.

J. Michael Bishop
John Michael Bishop (born February 22, 1936) is an American immunologist and microbiologist who shared the 1989 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Harold E. Varmus. He serves as an active faculty member at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), where he also served as chancellor from 1998 to 2009.
Polyptychia fasciculosa
Polyptychia fasciculosa is a moth of the family Notodontidae first described by Cajetan and Rudolf Felder in 1874. It is found in the Guiana Shield and in Amazonia in South America, including Colombia.

Larvae feed on Passiflora species.

Rudolf Felder
Rudolf Felder (2 May 1842 in Vienna – 29 March 1871 in Vienna) was an Austrian jurist and entomologist. He was mainly interested in Lepidoptera, amassing, with his father, Cajetan Felder, a huge collection.
Caritas Africa
Caritas Africa is a confederation of Catholic social service, international development and humanitarian relief organisations operating across Africa. It is one of the seven regions of Caritas Internationalis.

Caritas Africa refers to both the African network with its 46 member organizations, and its secretariat based in Lomé in Togo. The official languages of the organisation are English, French, and Portuguese.

Lomé
Lomé (UK: /ˈloʊmeɪ/ LOH-may, US: /loʊˈmeɪ/ loh-MAY) is the capital and largest city of Togo. It has an urban population of 837,437 while there were 2,188,376 permanent residents in its metropolitan area as of the 2022 census. Located on the Gulf of Guinea at the southwest corner of the country, with its entire western border along the easternmost edge of Ghana's Volta Region, Lomé is the country's administrative and industrial center, which includes an oil refinery. It is also the country's chief port, from where it exports coffee, cocoa, copra, and oil palm kernels.

Its city limits extends to the border with Ghana, located a few hundred meters west of the city center, to the Ghanaian city of Aflao and the South Ketu district where the city is situated, had 160,756 inhabitants in 2010. The cross-border agglomeration of which Lomé is the centre has about 2 million inhabitants as of 2020.