hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rafał Jaworski
Rafał Jaworski (born 1973) is a Polish historian and archivist, affiliated with Jan Kochanowski University's branch in Piotrków Trybunalski. He is the author and one of the editors of many articles in the popular Polish historical magazine, Mówią Wieki. He studied in the Warsaw University and specializes in the medieval history of Poland.

Jan Kochanowski University
Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce (Polish: Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach), formerly Holy Cross Academy (Polish: Akademia Świętokrzyska) and Jan Kochanowski University of Humanities and Sciences (Polish: Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach), is a public university in Kielce, Holy Cross Province. It is named after Jan Kochanowski and was established in 1945, dating its tradition to an educational institution specialising in pedagogy.
Paedohexacinia
Paedohexacinia is a genus of tephritid  or fruit flies in the family Tephritidae.There two species known to be recognizes:

Paedohexacinia clusiosomopsis Hardy, 1986

Paedohexacinia flavithorax Hardy, 1986

Tephritidae
The Tephritidae are one of two fly families referred to as fruit flies, the other family being the Drosophilidae. The family Tephritidae does not include the biological model organisms of the genus Drosophila (in the family Drosophilidae), which is often called the "common fruit fly". Nearly 5,000 described species of tephritid fruit fly are categorized in almost 500 genera of the Tephritidae. Description, recategorization, and genetic analyses are constantly changing the taxonomy of this family. To distinguish them from the Drosophilidae, the Tephritidae are sometimes called peacock flies, in reference to their elaborate and colorful markings. The name comes from the Greek τεφρος, tephros, meaning "ash grey". They are found in all the biogeographic realms.
2003 Dakar Rally
The 2003 Dakar Rally, also known as the 2003 Telefónica-Dakar Rally, was the 25th running of the Dakar Rally event.  The rally began on 1 January 2003 at Marseille in France and finished at Sharm el-Sheikh in Egypt on 19 January, with the course crossing North Africa.

Kenjiro Shinozuka, who won the event in 1997, suffered serious injury in an accident between Ghat and Sabha in Libya. Former world rally champion and four times winner of the Dakar Rally, Ari Vatanen, returned to take part in the rally, and won the ninth, thirteen and fifteen stages French co-driver, Bruno Cauvy died in an accident on the tenth stage when his car went out of control and overturned in sand dunes. Stephane Peterhansel took an early lead in the rally, but was forced out in the penultimate stage by mechanical problems. The rally was won for the second time in succession by Japanese driver, Hiroshi Masuoka. The motorcycle category was won for the third time by Richard Sainct.

Telefónica
Telefónica, S.A. (Spanish pronunciation: [teleˈfonika]) is a Spanish multinational telecommunications company. It has headquarters as well as a registered office in Madrid, Spain. It is one of the largest telephone operators and mobile network providers in the world. It provides fixed and mobile telephony, broadband, and subscription television, operating in Europe and the Americas.

Along with its Telefónica brand, it also trades as Movistar, O2, and Vivo. The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index. On 15 April 2012, Telefónica shut down TVA and Ajacto, which unified the brand into Vivo.
Congress/Wabash station
Congress/Wabash was a station on the Chicago Transit Authority's South Side Main Line, which is now part of the Green Line. The station was located at Congress Avenue and Wabash Avenue in the Loop neighborhood of Chicago. Congress/Wabash was situated south of Adams/Wabash and north of Roosevelt/Wabash. Congress/Wabash opened on October 18, 1897, to replace the Congress Terminal and closed on August 1, 1949.

Chicago Transit Authority
The Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) is a public transit agency in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It operates the Chicago "L" rail system and CTA bus services.

The CTA was established as an independent governmental agency by the Metropolitan Transportation Act passed by the Illinois General Assembly on April 12, 1945. It started operations on October 1, 1947, upon the purchase and combination of the transportation assets of the Chicago Rapid Transit Company and the Chicago Surface Lines streetcar system. In 1952, CTA purchased the assets of the Chicago Motor Coach Company, resulting in a fully unified system. Today, the CTA is one of the three service boards financially supported by the Regional Transportation Authority, and CTA service connects with Metra commuter rail and Pace Suburban Bus.

In 2025, the system had a ridership of 319,160,900, or about 971,400 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.
Over the James
Over the James is the fourth studio album by punk rock band Avail. It was released in 1998 on Lookout! Records. The album was re-released in 2006 by Jade Tree Records.  The re-release contains the songs from Avail's split record with the (Young) Pioneers, as well as two tracks recorded for compilations.

Lookout Records
Lookout Records (stylized as Lookout! Records) was an independent record label, initially based in Laytonville, California, and later in Berkeley, focusing on punk rock. Established in 1987, the label is best known for having released Operation Ivy’s only album, Energy, and Green Day's first two albums, 39/Smooth and Kerplunk.

Following the departure of co-founder Larry Livermore in 1997, the label departed from its "East Bay sound" and proved unable to match early success. In 2005 the label ran into financial difficulties after several high-profile artists rescinded the rights to their Lookout Records material. After a period of rapid contraction the label slowly expired, terminating operations and removing its music from online distribution channels early in 2012.
Non-Fossil Fuel Obligation
The Non-Fossil Fuel Obligation (NFFO) refers to a collection of orders requiring the electricity distribution network operators in England and Wales to purchase electricity from the nuclear power and renewable energy sectors. Similar mechanisms operated in Scotland (the Scottish Renewable Orders under the Scottish Renewables Obligation) and Northern Ireland (the Northern Ireland Non-Fossil Fuel Obligation).

Five orders were made under the NFFO before the UK government replaced it with the Renewables Obligation. The first order or 'tranche' was on 1 October 1990 with an average price of 7.51 pence per kWh being paid to energy generators, and the fifth and last was in September 1998 at an average of 2.71 pence per kWh.

Contracts for Difference have since replaced the NFFO and Renewables Obligation as the main form of revenue support for low carbon electricity in the UK.

Distribution network operator
A distribution network operator (DNO), also known as a distribution system operator (DSO), is the operator of the electric power distribution system which delivers electricity to most end users. Each country may have many local distribution network operators, which are separate from the transmission system operator (responsible for transporting power in bulk around the country).
Death of an Author (Rhode novel)
Death of an Author is a 1947 detective novel by John Rhode, the pen name of the British writer Cecil Street. It is the forty fifth in his long-running series of novels featuring Lancelot Priestley, a Golden Age armchair detective. The New Yorker described it as "Rather pleasant, in a ponderous fashion" while Will Cuppy, writing in the New York Herald Tribune, felt "Mr. Rhode provides one of those satisfying British stories in the old tradition, full of mystery meat and brain-work."

Golden Age of Detective Fiction
The Golden Age of Detective Fiction was an era of classic murder mystery novels of similar patterns and styles, predominantly in the 1920s and 1930s. While the Golden Age proper is usually taken to refer to works from that period, this type of fiction has been written since at least 1911 and is still being written.

In his history of the detective story, Bloody Murder: From the Detective Story to the Crime Novel, the author Julian Symons heads two chapters devoted to the Golden Age as "the Twenties" and "the Thirties". Symons notes that Philip Van Doren Stern's article, "The Case of the Corpse in the Blind Alley" (1941), "could serve ... as an obituary for the Golden Age." Authors Agatha Christie, Dorothy L. Sayers, Margery Allingham, and Ngaio Marsh have been collectively called the Queens of Crime.
Altstadtring
The Altstadtring is the innermost ring road of Munich, Bavaria, Germany. With the exception of the northwestern part, it runs roughly along the path of the former second wall of Munich and surrounds Munich's Altstadt. With the exception of the part between Isartor and Sendlinger Tor, it is mostly built with four or five lanes.

Because of the loop solution, it is impossible to drive through the Altstadt by motor vehicle, and all motor traffic must use the Altstadtring.

Isartor
The Isartor at the Isartorplatz in Munich is one of four main gates of the medieval city wall. It served as a fortification for the defence and is the most easterly of Munich's three remaining gothic town gates (Isartor, Sendlinger Tor and Karlstor). The gate (German: Tor) is located close to the Isar and was named after the river.
Suite provençale
Suite provençale, Op. 152, is a symphonic work written by Darius Milhaud in 1936. A version for orchestra alone, Op. 152c, was premiered by Milhaud himself in Venice on 12 September 1937; the ballet version, Op. 152d, premiered at the Opéra-Comique in Paris on 1 February 1938 under the direction of Roger Désormière.

Milhaud employed themes from 18th century Provençal, including themes by the composer André Campra.

Darius Milhaud
Darius Milhaud (French: [daʁjys mijo], Provençal: [miˈjawt]; 4 September 1892 – 22 June 1974) was a French composer, conductor, and teacher. He was a member of Les Six—The Group of Six—and one of the most prolific composers of the 20th century. His compositions are influenced by jazz and Brazilian music and make extensive use of polytonality. Milhaud is considered one of the key modernist composers. He taught many future jazz and classical composers, including Burt Bacharach, Dave Brubeck, Philip Glass, Steve Reich, György Kurtág, Karlheinz Stockhausen and Iannis Xenakis among others.
Bauhaus Project (computing)
The Bauhaus project is a software research project collaboration among the University of Stuttgart, the University of Bremen, and a commercial spin-off company Axivion, also known as Bauhaus Software Technologies.

The Bauhaus project serves the fields of software maintenance and software reengineering.

Created in response to the problem of software rot, the project aims to analyze and recover the means and methods developed for legacy software by understanding the software's architecture. As part of its research, the project develops software tools (such as the Bauhaus Toolkit) for software architecture, software maintenance and reengineering and program understanding.

The project derives its name from the former Bauhaus art school.

University of Stuttgart
The University of Stuttgart (German: Universität Stuttgart) is a public research university located in Stuttgart, Germany. It was founded in 1829 and is organized into 10 faculties. It is one of the oldest technical universities in Germany with programs in civil, mechanical, industrial and electrical engineering, among others. It is a member of TU9, an incorporated society of the nine oldest German institutes of technology.
Zherdevka
Zherdevka (Russian: Жердевка) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Zherdevka, Tambov Oblast, a town in Zherdevsky District of Tambov Oblast

Rural localities

Zherdevka, Belgorod Oblast, a khutor in Valuysky District of Belgorod Oblast

Valuysky District
Valuysky District (Russian: Валу́йский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Belgorod Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Valuysky Municipal District. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,709.6 square kilometers (660.1 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Valuyki (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 33,845 (2010 Census); 36,601 (2002 Census); 38,293 (1989 Soviet census).
Melbourne Central Tower
The Melbourne Central Tower is an office skyscraper on top of Melbourne Central Shopping Centre in Melbourne, Australia. Standing at 210 metres (690 ft) with 57 storeys with 51 of which are for office use.

Currently it is occupied by ME Bank replacing space previously tenanted by BP and Telstra. Several Australian and Victorian Government departments and agencies maintain spaces in the tower including Creative Australia, the Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development, Communications and the Arts and the Victorian Energy & Water Ombudsman. Other tenants include Wilson Parking, Nordex and Pacific Basin Shipping Limited The tower is owned by GPT Wholesale Office Fund and the tower structure is approximately 210 metres (690 ft) tall. Including the two 54-metre (177 ft) communications masts that extend a further 35 metres (115 ft) above the apex, the tower is 246 metres (807 ft) tall.

ME Bank
ME Bank, also known as ME, is an Australian direct bank based in Melbourne. It became a subsidiary of Bank of Queensland in July 2021.

Founded in 1994 as Super Member Home Loans (SMHL) by Australia's industry superannuation funds, SMHL became Members Equity Bank in 1999, and received a banking licence from the Australian Prudential Regulatory Authority (APRA) in July 2001 and was approved by APRA to act as an authorised deposit-taking institution, authorised to accept deposits from the public.

Initially founded to offer access to home loan products, ME Bank today offers a range of low-cost banking products including home loans, savings accounts, credit cards, term deposits, and transaction accounts.
Kanni Theevu
Kanni Theevu (transl. Virgo Island) is a 1981 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film, directed by T. R. Ramanna and produced by Sri Ayvar Arts films. The film stars Jaishankar, Radhika, C. L. Anandan, and Seema. It was released on 10 April 1981.

Jaishankar (actor)
Jaishankar (born Shankar Subramaniyan Iyer on 12 July 1938, died 3 June 2000) was an Indian actor known for his work in Tamil cinema. He was a notable lead actor in the 1960s and 70s, who was credited onscreen with title of Makkal Kalaingnar (people's artiste) or Makkal Thamizhan (people's Tamil) in most of the films starring him. He was also referred to as Thennakathu James Bond (South Indian James Bond) because of his roles in films such as Vallavan Oruvan and CID Shankar.
Andronov
Andronov (Russian: Андро́нов), feminine: Andronova is a Russian and Bulgarian patronymic surname derived from the given name Andron. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandr Andronov (1901–1952), Soviet physicist

Iona Andronov (1934–2024), Russian journalist and politician

M. Andronov, pen name of Mikhail Mikhalkov (1922–2006), Soviet intelligence officer and writer

Peter Andronov (born 1969), Bulgarian financier and banker

Sergei Andronov (born 1989), Russian ice hockey player

Yuriy Andronov (born 1971), Russian race walker

Aleksandr Andronov
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Andronov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Андро́нов; April 11 [O.S. March 29] 1901, Moscow – October 31, 1952, Gorky) was a Soviet physicist and member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (1946). He worked extensively on the theory of stability of dynamical systems, introducing (together with Lev Pontryagin) the notion of structural stability. In that context, he also contributed to the mathematical theory of self-oscillation (a term that he coined) by establishing a link between the generation of oscillations and the theory of Lyapunov stability. He developed the comprehensive theory of self-oscillations by linking it with the qualitative theory of differential equations, topology, and with the general theory of stability of motion. The crater Andronov on the Moon is named after him.
You're Not Elected, Charlie Brown (soundtrack)
You're Not Elected, Charlie Brown: Original Soundtrack Recording is a soundtrack album by American jazz pianist Vince Guaraldi, released on September 6, 2024, in the United States by Lee Mendelson Film Productions. The album is the soundtrack album to the politically themed Peanuts television special of the same name originally broadcast on CBS on October 29, 1972, nine days before the 1972 United States presidential election between incumbent Richard Nixon and Senator George McGovern.

Tom Harrell
Tom Harrell (born June 16, 1946) is an American jazz trumpeter, flugelhornist, composer, and arranger. Voted Trumpeter of the Year of 2018 by Jazz Journalists Association, Harrell has won awards and grants throughout his career, including multiple Trumpeter of the Year awards from DownBeat magazine, SESAC Jazz Award, BMI (Broadcast Music Incorporated) Composers Award, and Prix Oscar du Jazz.  He received a Grammy Award nomination for his big band album, Time's Mirror.
Castle Mountains (California)
The Castle Mountains are located in the Eastern Mojave Desert, in northeastern San Bernardino County, California, and Clark County, Nevada. The range lies south and east of the New York Mountains, southwest of Searchlight and west of Cal-Nev-Ari, Nevada.

The range lies at the northeastern end of the Lanfair Valley, and reaches an elevation of 5,543 feet above sea level at the summit of Hart Peak. The mountains lie in a southwest-northeasterly direction in both states, although most of the range is in California. The Piute Range lies to the southeast.

Canadian NewCastle Gold Ltd. currently holds the rights to the Castle Mountain Mine Area, an open pit gold mine in the southern Castle Mountains. The company has the right to excavate nearly 10 million tons of ore through 2025. Due to low gold prices, however, mining has been suspended since 2001.

Open-pit mining
Open-pit mining, also known as open-cast or open-cut mining and in larger contexts mega-mining, is a surface mining technique that extracts rock or minerals from the earth.

Open-pit mines are used when deposits of commercially useful ore or rocks are found near the surface where the overburden is relatively thin. In contrast, deeper mineral deposits can be reached using underground mining.

This form of mining carries several risks to the health and safety of miners, and can have a significant negative impact on the environment.
Zappa (2020 film)
Zappa is an American documentary film about the musician Frank Zappa.  Directed by Alex Winter, it was released on November 27, 2020.

Frank Zappa (1940–1993) was an American composer, bandleader, and guitarist. Best known for writing and performing a large body of unconventional rock music and releasing many albums, his work combined multiple music genres. He held iconoclastic views about music, the music industry, and American culture and politics.

The Zappa documentary tells the story of his life and career. Director Alex Winter had free access to Zappa's extensive archives. The film includes footage of performances by Zappa and his various bands, as well as many interviews of people who knew or worked with him. In addition to Zappa himself, the interview subjects include Bruce Bickford, Pamela Des Barres, Bunk Gardner, Mike Keneally, Scott Thunes, Ian Underwood, Ruth Underwood, Steve Vai, Ray White, and Gail Zappa.

Bunk Gardner
Bunk Gardner (born John Leon Guarnera; May 2, 1933 in Cleveland, Ohio) is an American musician who most notably played for the original version of Frank Zappa's Mothers of Invention until the group disbanded in 1969. He plays woodwinds and tenor sax. His older brother, Buzz, was also in the Mothers of Invention.
Harran, Idlib
Harran, Idlib (Arabic: حران)  is a Syrian village located in Maarrat al-Nu'man Nahiyah in Maarrat al-Nu'man District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Harran, Idlib had a population of 456 in the 2004 census.

Maarat al-Numan District
Maarat al-Numan District (Arabic: مِنْطَقَة مَعَرَّةُ نُعْمَانِ, romanized: Manṭiqat Maʿarrat Nuʿmān) is a district of the Idlib Governorate in northwestern Syria. The administrative centre is the city of Maarat al-Numan. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 371,829.
Chō Tsugutsura
Chō Tsugutsura (長 続連; ? – 1577) was a Japanese samurai and commander of the Sengoku period who served the Noto Hatakeyama clan as a senior vassal. He was one of the Noto Hatakeyama clan's seven great senior vassals called Hatakeyama Hichininshu.

On the occasion of the Siege of Nanao castle, he was on the side of the Oda clan and killed by Usa Tsugumitsu who was on the side of the Uesugi clan.

His son Chō Tsunatatsu visited Oda Nobunaga and asked for reinforcements. When Nobunaga's force led by Shibata Katsuie arrived near the castle, Nanao castle had already taken by the Uesugi clan and Tsugutsura was killed.

Noto Province
Noto Province (能登国, Noto no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [noꜜ.to (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was a province of Japan in the area that is today the northern part of Ishikawa Prefecture in Japan, including the Noto Peninsula (Noto-hantō) which is surrounded by the Sea of Japan.   Noto bordered on Etchū and Kaga provinces to the south, and was surrounded by the Sea of Japan to the east, north and west. Its abbreviated form name was Nōshū (能州).
Cysteine-rich secretory protein
Cysteine-rich secretory proteins, often abbreviated as CRISPs, are a group of glycoproteins. They are a subgroup of the CRISP, antigen 5 and Pr-1 (CAP) protein superfamily and also contain a domain related to the ShK toxins. They are substantially implicated in the functioning of the mammalian reproductive system. CRISPs are also found in a variety of snake venoms where they inhibit both smooth muscle contraction and cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels.

Mamushi
Gloydius blomhoffii, commonly known as the mamushi, Japanese moccasin, Japanese pit viper, Qichun snake, Salmusa or Japanese mamushi, is a pit viper species found in Japan. It was once considered to have 4 subspecies, but it is now considered monotypic.

This species, along with the yamakagashi (Rhabdophis tigrinus) and the Okinawan habu (Protobothrops flavoviridis), are the most venomous snakes in Japan.  Every year, 2000–3000 people in Japan are bitten by a mamushi. Bitten victims typically require one week of treatment in a hospital. Severe bites require intensive care, and approximately 10 victims die annually.
Old Marlboro Road
Old Marlboro Road, also spelt Old Marlborough Road, is a historic road in Massachusetts, United States. Today it runs through Concord, Sudbury, and Maynard, Massachusetts.

"The Old Marlborough Road" is a poem about the road by Henry David Thoreau, published in his work, Walking.

Walking (essay)
"Walking" is a lecture by Henry David Thoreau first delivered at the Concord Lyceum on April 23, 1851. It was written between 1851 and 1860, but parts were extracted from his earlier journals. Thoreau read the piece a total of ten times, more than any other of his lectures. "Walking" was first published as an essay in the Atlantic Monthly after his death in 1862.