hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2014 European Athletics Team Championships Super League
These are the complete results of the 2014 European Team Championships Super League on 21 and 22 June 2014 in Braunschweig, Germany. As with the previous championships there were a couple of rules applying specifically to this competition, such as the limit of three attempts in the throwing events, long jump and triple jump (only the top four were allowed the fourth attempt) and the limit of four misses total in the high jump and pole vault.

Two athletes, Quentin Bigot of France and Rutger Koppelaar of the Netherlands, were later found guilty of doping use. Their results were subsequently annulled and the points readjusted which cost France the third place and the bronze medal. Later more athletes from Russia and Turkey were found out to be doping and subsequently disqualified. The results of these athletes were also annulled but the reallocation of points did not change the position of any team.

Rutger Koppelaar
Rutger Koppelaar (Dutch: [ˈrʏtxər ˈkɔpəlaːr]; born 1 May 1993) is a Dutch athlete specialising in the pole vault. He represented his country at the 2019 World Championships in Doha without qualifying for the final. He qualified for the finals at the Europeans (Münich) in 2022 and got a 4th place with a height of 5.75m.

His personal bests in the event are 5.81m (outdoors, 2022) and 5.82m (indoors, 2023).

Koppelaar served a two year competition ban ending in July 2016 in relation to an anti-doping rule violation after testing positive for excessive testosterone at an event in Germany in May 2014. Koppelaar appealed the ruling, but was unsuccessful.
2015 American Ethanol E15 225
The 2015 American Ethanol E15 225 was the 16th stock car race of the 2015 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, and the 7th iteration of the event. The race was originally going to be held on Friday, September 18, 2015, but due to persistent rain showers, it was postponed until Saturday, September 19. It was held in Joliet, Illinois at Chicagoland Speedway, a 1.5 mi (2.4 km) permanent tri-oval shaped racetrack. The race took the scheduled 150 laps to complete. John Hunter Nemechek, driving for family-owned SWM-NEMCO Motorsports, would pull off the upset win, after the leader of Kyle Larson ran out of fuel with two laps to go. This was Nemechek's first career NASCAR Camping World Truck Series win. Larson, Johnny Sauter, and Timothy Peters dominated the entire race, leading 49, 52, and 41 laps. To fill out the podium, Tyler Reddick, driving for his team, Brad Keselowski Racing, and Peters, driving for Red Horse Racing, would finish 2nd and 3rd, respectively.

John Hunter Nemechek
John Hunter Nemechek (born June 11, 1997) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 42 Toyota Camry XSE for Legacy Motor Club and part-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, driving the No. 62 Toyota Tundra TRD Pro for Halmar Friesen Racing. He is the son of NASCAR driver Joe Nemechek and was the 2012 champion in the Allison Legacy Series.
Nihal Mansoor
Nihal Mansoor (born 14 November 1993) is a Pakistani cricketer, who plays mainly as a right-handed batsman. He made his first-class debut for Pakistan Television in the 2017–18 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy on 26 September 2017. He made his Twenty20 debut for Rawalpindi in the 2018–19 National T20 Cup on 23 December 2018. In March 2019, he was named in Federal Areas' squad for the 2019 Pakistan Cup.

Federal Areas cricket team
Federal Areas was a first-class cricket team in Pakistan based in the capital, Islamabad. Between 2008 and 2012 they played 16 first-class matches in four seasons of the Pentangular Cup. Their home ground was the Diamond Club Ground in Islamabad.
Zhutian railway station
Zhutian railway station (Chinese: 竹田車站; pinyin: Zhútián Chēzhàn) is a railway station located in Zhutian Township, Pingtung County, Taiwan. It is on the Pingtung line and is operated by Taiwan Railway. Zhutian station is the only station on the Pingtung line where the wooden station building built during Japan's rule over Taiwan remains; it is not in use.

Pingtung line
The Pingtung Line (Chinese: 屏東線; pinyin: Píngdōng Xiàn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pîn-tong Soàⁿ) is part of the West Coast line of Taiwan Railway.

It is 61.3 km (38.1 mi) long, of which 36.1 km (22.4 mi) is double track.

The section between Nanzhou and Linbian railway stations will be upgraded from a single-track railway to a double-track railway in December 2019 while the section between Chaozhou and Nanzhou, and the section between Linbian and Fangliao is expected to remain in single-track.

Taiwanese government stated in 2007 that it reserved the possibility to upgrade the entire section to dual-track railway when the number of travelers through Pingtung Line reaches a certain level
Norm Peterson (politician)
Norman Thomas "Norm" Peterson (born 1939) is an independent Australian politician who held the seat of Semaphore in the South Australian House of Assembly from the 1979 to the 1993 elections.

He was officially "Independent Labor", and helped the Bannon Labor government secure government after the 1989 elections, serving as Speaker of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1990 to 1993.

After his seat was abolished in a redistribution, he ran unsuccessfully for the Legislative Council in 1993. He received 1.14% of the vote, well short of the 8.3% required (after preferences) to be elected.

Peterson in his youth competed at boxing, rugby union, and rowing. He also worked as a waterside worker in Port Adelaide.

South Australian Legislative Council
The Legislative Council is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of South Australia, the lower house being the House of Assembly.

Its central purpose is to act as a house of review for legislation passed through the House of Assembly. It sits in Parliament House in the state capital, Adelaide. The upper house has 22 members elected for staggered eight-year terms by proportional representation, with half of the members facing re-election every four years. It is elected in a similar manner to its federal counterpart, the Senate. Casual vacancies—where a member resigns or dies—are filled by a joint sitting of both houses, who then elect a replacement.
Elmira, Corning and Waverly Railway
The Elmira, Corning and Waverly Railway was an electric interurban line connecting the cities of Elmira, Waverly, and Corning along the Southern Tier region of New York State. The railroad was briefly controlled by the Erie Railroad. Completed in 1911, traffic dwindled through the 1920s in the face of stiff competition from better roads and increased automobile ownership. The effects of the Great Depression hastened the abandonment of all service in 1930. Replacement bus service was provided by Carpenter's Rapid Transit of Corning. The last surviving car from this line, complete with its trucks, motors and control equipment is in the permanent collection of the New York Museum of Transportation, Rush, New York.

Corning, New York
Corning is a city in Steuben County, New York, United States, on the Chemung River. The population was 10,551 at the 2020 census. It is named for Erastus Corning, an Albany financier and railroad executive who was an investor in the company that developed the community. The city is best known as the headquarters of Fortune 500 company Corning Incorporated, formerly Corning Glass Works, a manufacturer of glass and ceramic products for industrial, scientific and technical uses. Corning is roughly equidistant from New York City and Toronto, being about 220 miles (350 km) from both.
Our Lady's Catholic College
Our Lady's Catholic College (OLCC) is a mixed sex secondary school for pupils aged 11–18. It is located in Skerton,  just off the A6 road, north of the River Lune, Lancaster in the North West of England. Formerly Our Lady's Catholic High School, it changed its name after being awarded Specialist Sports College status in September 2003. The college teaches Key Stage 3,  Key Stage 4, and Sixth Form.

Helen Seddon, a former pupil, has been head teacher since September 2015. She took over from Brendan Conroy, who retired in July 2015. Conboy had been at Our Lady's since September 2007.

Key Stage 4
Key Stage 4 (KS4) is the legal term for the two years of school education which incorporate GCSEs, and other examinations, in maintained schools in England normally known as Year 10 and Year 11, when pupils are aged between 14 and 16 by August 31. (In some schools, KS4 work is started in Year 9.)
Equal consideration of interests
The principle of equal consideration of interests is a moral principle that states that one should both include all affected interests when calculating the rightness of an action and weigh those interests equally. The term "equal consideration of interests" first appeared in Australian moral philosopher Peter Singer's 1975 book Animal Liberation. Singer asserts that if all beings, not just humans, are included as having interests that must be considered, then the principle of equal consideration of interests opposes not only racism and sexism, but also speciesism. Jeremy Bentham argued that a being's capacity to suffer is what is morally relevant when considering their interests, not their capacity for reason.

The principle is related to broader philosophical concepts of impartiality, though impartiality can refer to many other senses of equality, particularly in justice.

Justice
In its broadest sense, justice is the treatment of individuals fairly. According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, the most plausible candidate for a core definition comes from the Institutes of Justinian, a 6th-century codification of Roman law, where justice is defined as "the constant and perpetual will to render to each his due".

A society where justice has been achieved would be one in which individuals receive what they "deserve". The interpretation of what "deserve" means draws on a variety of fields and philosophical branches including ethics, rationality, law, religion, and fairness. The state may pursue justice by operating courts and enforcing their rulings.
Barbara Everest
Barbara Everest (19 June 1890 – 9 February 1968) was a British stage and film actress. She was born in Southfields, Surrey, and made her screen debut in the 1916 film The Man Without a Soul. On stage she played Queen Anne in the 1935 historical play Viceroy Sarah by Norman Ginsbury. Her most famous rôle was Elizabeth, the rather deaf servant in Gaslight (1944).

Southfields
Southfields is a district of inner London located within the London Borough of Wandsworth, England, 5.6 miles (9 km) south-west of Charing Cross, with a small portion of the area extending into the neighbouring London Borough of Merton. Southfields is mainly residential, historically a part of Wandsworth itself, and is divided between the SW18 and SW19 postcode areas.
Lewysohn
Lewysohn is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abraham Lewysohn (1805–1860) Hebraist and rabbi

Ludwig Lewysohn (1819–1901), German rabbi

Rudolf Lewysohn, birth name of Rudolf Nelson (1878–1960), German composer

Ludwig Lewysohn
Ludwig Lewysohn (15 April 1819, in Schwersenz, Posen – 26 May 1901, in Stockholm), was a German rabbi. Graduating from the Realgymnasium, Berlin, in 1843, he studied Orientalia in that city, and received his doctorate from the University of Halle in 1847, his dissertation being "De Sacrificiis Veteris Testamenti." In 1848 he became preacher at Frankfort-on-the-Oder. Three years later he was called as rabbi to Worms, where he officiated until 1858. He then accepted a call to Stockholm, where he labored from 1859 to 1893, in which year he resigned. Besides numerous contributions to Jewish periodicals (especially "Ha-Maggid"), he published "Nafshot Ẓaddiḳim" (Frankfort-on-the-Main, 1855), on the epitaphs at Worms, and "Die Zoologie des Talmuds" (ib. 1858).
Chaghajikchay
Chaghajikchay, Chagajugchay (Azerbaijani: Cağacıqqçay, Caqacuqçay)  is a mountain river in the north of Azerbaijan, originating on the northeastern slopes of the Main Caucasian Range and flowing into the Caspian Sea. The length of the river is 70 km. The area of the drainage basin is 288 km².  Water consumption - 1.8 m³/s. It is used for irrigation.

Gürdəh
41°10′42″N 48°30′46″E﻿ / ﻿41.17833°N 48.51278°E﻿ / 41.17833; 48.51278

Gürdəh (also, Girdaz, Gurdag, and Kyurdakh) is a village in the Quba Rayon of Azerbaijan.  The village forms part of the municipality of Zıxır.
Ferdinand Mülhens
Ferdinand Mülhens (December 23, 1844 – January 15, 1928) was a land owner and entrepreneur in Königswinter, Germany. Mülhens was born in Cologne.

In the 19th century he managed the perfume factory founded by his grandfather Wilhelm Mülhens at Cologne's Glockengasse 4711, producing the original Eau de Cologne. As owner of the 4711 brand, he received an imperial warrant as purveyor to the imperial and royal court in Vienna.

During the years 1912 to 1914, he set up Hotel Petersberg near Bonn, which later become the Guest House of the Federal Government of Germany. Since 1913, he was the owner of the Drachenfelsbahn, a mountain railway line in the North Rhine-Westphalia region of Germany.

From 1922 until his death, Ferdinand Mülhens was an honorary citizen of Königswinter.

Königswinter
Königswinter (German pronunciation: [ˈkøːnɪçsˌvɪntɐ] ⓘ; Kölsch: Köningkswinte; Low Franconian: Keuningswintjer) is a town and summer resort in the Rhein-Sieg district, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
Travis Smyth
Travis Smyth (born 29 December 1994) is an Australian professional golfer who plays on the Asian Tour. He won the 2017 Northern Territory PGA Championship and the 2022 Yeangder TPC, as well as recording a runner-up finish at the 2022 International Series England. He played in the first three LIV Golf events in 2022, having gained access through the Asian Tour qualification process.

Yeangder Tournament Players Championship
The Yeangder Tournament Players Championship is a golf tournament on the Asian Tour. It was played for the first time in September 2010 at the Linkou International Golf and Country Club in Taipei, Taiwan.
Petronius (horse)
Petronius (1805–1823) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire best known for winning the classic St Leger Stakes in 1808. After winning the St Leger as a 20/1 outsider, Petronius remained in training for two more years, winning two races at York in 1809 and the Union Cup at Preston in 1810. He retired from racing after winning five races from eleven starts. He had little success as a breeding stallion and died in 1823 at the age of eighteen.

St Leger Stakes
The St Leger Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Doncaster over a distance of 1 mile, 6 furlongs and 115 yards (2,921 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.

Established in 1776, the St Leger is the oldest of Britain's five Classic races. It is the last of the five to be run each year, and its distance is longer than any of the other four.

The St Leger is the final leg of the English Triple Crown, which begins with the 2000 Guineas and continues with the Derby. It also completes the Fillies Triple Crown, following on from the 1000 Guineas and The Oaks. The St Leger has rarely featured Triple Crown contenders in recent decades, with the only one in recent years being the 2012 2,000 Guineas and Derby winner Camelot, who finished second in the St Leger.
Ulrike Tillmann
Ulrike Luise Tillmann FRS is a mathematician specializing in algebraic topology, who has made important contributions to the study of the moduli space of algebraic curves. She was the president of the London Mathematical Society in the period 2021–2022.

She is titular Professor of Mathematics at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of Merton College, Oxford. In 2021 she was appointed Director of the Isaac Newton Institute at the University of Cambridge, and N.M. Rothschild & Sons Professor of Mathematical Sciences at Cambridge, but continued to hold a part-time position at Oxford.

Moduli space
In mathematics, in particular algebraic geometry, a moduli space  is a geometric space (usually a scheme or an algebraic stack) whose points represent algebro-geometric objects of some fixed kind, or isomorphism classes of such objects.  Such spaces frequently arise as solutions to classification problems:  If one can show that a collection of interesting objects (e.g., the smooth algebraic curves of a fixed genus) can be given the structure of a geometric space, then one can parametrize such objects by introducing coordinates on the resulting space.  In this context, the term "modulus" is used synonymously with "parameter"; moduli spaces were first understood as spaces of parameters rather than as spaces of objects. A variant of moduli spaces is formal moduli. Bernhard Riemann first used the term "moduli" in 1857.
Raj Tilak (1958 film)
Raj Tilak (transl. Coronation) is a 1958 Indian Hindi-language Ruritanian romance epic film written by the Gemini Studios story department, consisting of K. J. Mahadevan, C. Srinivasan and Kothamangalam Subbu, along with Ramanand Sagar, while the film was directed and produced by S. S. Vasan. The film features Vyjayanthimala, Gemini Ganeshan and Padmini in the lead roles, along with Pran, Gajanan Jagirdar, Bipin Gupta, Manmohan Krishna, Lalita Pawar, Durga Khote, Agha, Shammi forming an ensemble cast. The music was composed by C. Ramchandra.

The screenplay was written by Ramanand Sagar. The film was a remake of 1958 Tamil film Vanjikottai Valiban.

Kothamangalam Subbu
Kothamangalam Subbu (born S. M. Subramanian, 10 November 1910 – 15 February 1974) was an Indian poet, lyricist, author, actor and film director based in Tamil Nadu. He wrote the cult classic Tamil novel Thillana Mohanambal and was awarded the Padma Shri. According to novelist Ashokamitran's memoirs, Subbu functioned as the No. 2 of the giant Gemini Studios of Chennai (formerly Madras), South India for over three decades and was a close associate of movie mogul S. S. Vasan, who established those studios and published the popular Tamil weekly Ananda Vikatan.
Sosnovo, Perm Krai
Sosnovo (Russian: Сосново) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Sosnovskoye Rural Settlement, Chaykovsky, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 924 as of 2010. There are 38 streets.

Perm Krai
Perm Krai (Russian: Пе́рмский край, romanized: Permskiy kray, IPA: [ˈpʲɛrmskʲɪj ˈkraj]; Komi-Permyak: Перем ладор, romanized: Perem lador) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is Perm. The population of the krai was 2,532,405 (2021 Census).

The krai was formed on 1 December 2005 as a result of the 2004 referendum on the merger of Perm Oblast and Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug. Komi-Permyak Okrug retained its autonomous status within Perm Krai during the transitional period of 2006–2008. It also retained a budget separate from that of the krai, keeping all federal transfers. Starting in 2009, Komi-Permyak Okrug's budget became subject to the budgeting law of Perm Krai. The transitional period was implemented in part because Komi-Permyak Okrug relied heavily on federal subsidies, and an abrupt cut would have been detrimental to its economy.

The final period of the Paleozoic era, the Permian, is named after the Perm region.
Foreign policy of France under the July Monarchy
The foreign policy of France under the July Monarchy from 1830 to 1840 was characterized by two primary elements: a new system of alliances, notably the rapprochement with the United Kingdom within the "Entente Cordiale," and the French conquest of Algeria. This policy aimed to maintain peace with European neighbors, as summarized by Casimir Perier's statement: "peace without compromising honor."

Holy Alliance
The Holy Alliance (German: Heilige Allianz; Russian: Священный союз, romanized: Svyashchennyy soyuz), also called the Grand Alliance, was a coalition linking the absolute monarchist great powers of Austria, Prussia, and Russia, which was created after the final defeat of Napoleon at the behest of Emperor Alexander I of Russia and signed in Paris on 26 September 1815.

The conservative alliance aimed to restrain secular liberalism in Europe in the wake of the devastating French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars; it nominally succeeded in this until the Crimean War. Chancellor Otto von Bismarck managed to reunite the Holy Alliance, as League of the Three Emperors, following the unification of Germany in 1871. However the alliance faltered by the 1880s due to Austrian and Russian conflicts of interest over the decline of the Ottoman Empire.
Todd Kashdan
Todd Barrett Kashdan is an American psychologist. He is a professor of psychology and director of the Well-Being Laboratory at George Mason University. His research explores why people suffer, with an emphasis on the transition from normal to pathological anxiety. Other research explores the nature of well-being, with an emphasis on the critical functions of curiosity, meaning and purpose in life, and psychological flexibility to human performance.

Flexibility (personality)
Flexibility is a personality trait that describes the extent to which a person can cope with changes in circumstances and think about problems and tasks in novel, creative ways. This trait comes into play when stressors or unexpected events occur, requiring that a person change their stance, outlook, or commitment.

Flexibility, or psychological flexibility, as it is sometimes called, is the ability to adapt to situational demands, balance life demands, and commit to behaviors.

Flexible personality should not be confused with cognitive flexibility, which is the ability to switch between two concepts, and to simultaneously think about multiple concepts. Researchers of cognitive flexibility describe it as the ability to switch one's thinking and attention between tasks.
Stilt tower
The stilt tower (Danish: styltetårn) is a special type of Medieval church tower, concentrated in Djursland peninsula and neighbouring regions of Danish Jutland.

In this type, only the upper storey with the bells has four walls. The lower parts of such a tower are formed by one or three high arches. With one arch, the lower part of the tower, which is connected to the western gable of the nave, is only open to the west. With three arches, the lower part is a high open hall.

Very few stilt towers were built after the Gothic age, if 20th century constructions with a box for the bells on high pillars are kept out of regard. Very few stilt towers were built in the Middle Ages in distant regions, where the term is unknown.

Similar construction in Ovezande, Zuid-Beveland, Zeeland, Netherlands

Stilt tower with three arches of Voer Kirke, Northern Djursland, Denmark

Stilt tower with one open arch of Torrild Kirke, Odder, Denmark

Odder
Odder is a town in Jutland, Denmark. The town is the seat of Odder municipality, and is the biggest town in the municipality. It is located 20 km south of Aarhus and 16 km south-east of Skanderborg.

Odder is part of Business Region Aarhus, and the East Jutland metropolitan area, and is served by the Odder Line since 1884 before the line was rebuilt to be part of the Aarhus Letbane in 2016-2018.
Electoral history of Thomas Wilford
This is a summary of the electoral history of Sir Thomas Wilford, Mayor of Wellington (1910–11), Leader of the Liberal Party (1920–25) and Member of Parliament for Wellington Suburbs (1896–97, 1899-1902), then Hutt (1902–29).

Mayor of Wellington
The mayor of Wellington is the head of the municipal government of the city of Wellington, one of 67 mayors in New Zealand; they preside over the Wellington City Council. The mayor is directly elected using the single transferable vote method of proportional representation.

The current mayor is Andrew Little, elected in October 2025 for a three-year-term.