hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chris Cummins (politician)
Christopher Paul Cummins (born 12 December 1962) is an Australian politician. He was a Labor member of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland from 2001 to 2006.

Cummins first was first elected to parliament at the 2001 state election as the Labor candidate for Kawana. He was re-elected in the same capacity 2004 state election. Cummins won promotion to cabinet of Peter Beattie during his second term. He served as the Minister for Emergency Services from February 2004 to July 2005 and as the Minister for Small Business, Information Technology Policy and Multicultural Affairs from July 2005 to September 2006. At the 2006 state election, he was defeated by Liberal candidate Steve Dickson.

Cummins was the Labor candidate for Fisher at the 2010 federal election. He was defeated by incumbent Liberal MP Peter Slipper.

Prior to entering state politics, Cummins was a Caloundra City councillor from 1997 to 2001.

Cummins was born in Ipswich, Queensland. He is married with one son.

City of Caloundra
The City of Caloundra was a local government area about 90 kilometres (56 mi) north of Brisbane in the Sunshine Coast region of South East Queensland, Australia. The shire covered an area of 1,093.1 square kilometres (422.0 sq mi); it existed as a local government entity from 1912 until 2008, when it amalgamated with councils further north to form the Sunshine Coast Region.

The City covered the urban localities of Caloundra and Kawana Waters and surrounding suburbs, the northern half of Bribie Island and the western hinterland towns of Landsborough, Maleny and Witta.
Arp 104
Arp 104, also known as Keenan's system, is entry 104 in Halton Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies catalog for spiral galaxy NGC 5216 and globular galaxy NGC 5218. The two galaxies are joined by a bridge of galactic material spanning 22 000 light years.

In 1790 William Herschel discovered the galaxies, and in 1926 they were studied by Edwin Hubble. In 1935 Philip C. Keenan first published a paper about the bridge connecting the galaxies, which was rediscovered in 1958 at the Lick and Palomar observatories.

Lick Observatory
The Lick Observatory is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by the University of California. It is on the summit of Mount Hamilton, in the Diablo Range just east of San Jose, California, United States. The observatory is managed by the University of California Observatories, with headquarters on the University of California, Santa Cruz campus, where its scientific staff moved in the mid-1960s. It is named after James Lick, who donated the funds for its construction.

The first new moon of Jupiter to be identified since the time of Galileo, Amalthea, the planet's fifth moon, was discovered at this observatory in 1892.
Araiyar Sevai
Araiyar Sevai (Tamil: அரையர் சேவை, romanized: araiyarcēvai, lit. 'service of the cantors') is a Tamil Hindu performing art form, centered on the ritual singing and enactment of the hymns of the Divya Prabandham, the canon of the Sri Vaishnava tradition. Araiyar Sevai is generally performed only inside Vaishnavite temples in the presence of the temple utsavar — the temple's processional deity — by hereditary male performers called Araiyars. Although temple inscriptions suggest its performance was once widespread, it is today only performed in few temples in Tamil Nadu: the temple shrine of Srirangam, shrine of Azhagiya Manavala Perumal Temple, the shrine of Alvar Tirunagari and the temple of Andal at Srivilliputhur. It is also performed in a different form at the Melkote temple in southern Karnataka, where the hymns of the Divya Prabhandham is sung, but not enacted.

Srirangam
Srirangam is a neighbourhood in the city of Tiruchirappalli in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. A river island, Srirangam is bounded by the Kaveri River on one side and its distributary Kollidam on the other side. Considered as the first among the 108 Divya Desams, a group of Vishnu temples, it is famous for the Ranganathaswamy Temple, the largest temple complex in India and the biggest functioning Hindu temple in the world. Srirangam is also home to a significant population of adherents of the Sri Vaishnava tradition.
FFHG Division 1
FFHG Division 1 (Fédération Française de Hockey sur Glace Division 1 or French Ice Hockey Federation Division 1) is a semi-professional ice hockey league in France. In France, there are four levels of national ice hockey. The teams that end at the bottom of the table get relegated to FFHG Division 2 while the top get promoted to Ligue Magnus.

Semi-professional sports
Semi-professional sports are sports in which athletes are not participating on a full-time basis, but still receive some payment. Semi-professionals are not amateur because they receive regular payment from their team, but generally at a considerably lower rate than a full-time professional athlete. As a result, semi-professional players frequently have (or seek) full-time employment elsewhere. A semi-pro player or team could also be one that represents a place of employment that only the employees are allowed to play on. In this case, it is considered semi-pro because their employer pays them, but for their regular job, not for playing on the company's team.

The semi-professional status is not universal throughout the world and depends on each country's labour code and each sports organization's specific regulations.
Levoglucosenone
Levoglucosenone is an organic compound with the formula [OCH2(CH)4CO2].  A pale yellow liquid, it is an unsaturated bicyclic ketone-diether formed from levoglucosan by loss of two molecules of water. As a product of the acid-catalysed pyrolysis of cellulose, D-glucose, and levoglucosan, this liquid hydrocarbon is of interest as a biofuel and biofeedstock.

Ketone
In organic chemistry, a ketone /ˈkiːtoʊn/ is an organic compound with the structure R−C(=O)−R', where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group −C(=O)− (a carbon-oxygen double bond C=O). A ketone derived from an alkane is an alkanone. The simplest ketone is acetone (where R and R' are methyl), with the formula (CH3)2CO. Many ketones are of great importance in biology and industry. Examples include many sugars (ketoses), many steroids, e.g., testosterone, and the solvent acetone.
Finnish Sports Personality of the Year
The Finnish Sports Personality of the Year (Finnish: Vuoden urheilija; Swedish: Årets finländska idrottare) is chosen annually since 1947 by the national sports journalists. In addition, the best female athlete (Finnish: Vuoden naisurheilija) was nominated each year separately until 2009.

Sports journalism
Sports journalism is a form of writing that reports on sporting topics and competitions.

The appetite for sports resulted in sports-only media such as Sports Illustrated and ESPN. There are many different forms of sports journalism, ranging from play-by-play and game recaps to analysis and investigative journalism on important developments in the sport. Technology and the internet age has massively changed the sports journalism space as it is struggling with the same problems that the broader category of print journalism is struggling with, mainly not being able to cover costs due to falling subscriptions. New forms of internet blogging and tweeting in the current millennium have pushed the boundaries of sports journalism.
South Lanarkshire College
South Lanarkshire College is a further education institution in South Lanarkshire, Scotland. Its campus is located in East Kilbride, with new buildings completed in 2008 at a site between the town centre and the Kelvin industrial area.

The college was founded in 1948 as a building school in Cambuslang and had several sites for its various departments over its history, including at Blantyre, Motherwell, Hamilton and Wishaw. Its last site in Cambuslang was at the former Gateside School which dated from the 1880s, but was demolished soon after the college relocated entirely to East Kilbride.

In 2019, the college was chosen as the site for a monument to the workers at the nearby, recently closed Rolls-Royce engineering works who refused to fix military aircraft engines used by the Pinochet regime of Chile in the 1970s (detailed in the documentary movie Nae Pasaran); the monument itself is one of the engines sent to the factory which was never used again.

Motherwell
Motherwell (Scots: Mitherwall, Scottish Gaelic: Tobar na Màthar) is a town and former burgh in North Lanarkshire, Scotland, around 12 miles (19 km) south east of Glasgow. It has a population of around 32,120. Historically in the parish of Dalziel and part of Lanarkshire, Motherwell is the headquarters for North Lanarkshire Council. Geographically the River Clyde separates Motherwell from Hamilton to the west whereas the South Calder Water separates Motherwell from Carfin to the north-east and New Stevenston and Bellshill towards the north.

Motherwell is also geographically attached to Wishaw and the two towns form a large urban area in North Lanarkshire, with both towns having similar populations and strong community ties.
Sid Hartman
Sidney Hartman (March 15, 1920 – October 18, 2020) was an American sports journalist for the Minneapolis Star Tribune and the WCCO 830 AM radio station. For 20 years, he was also a panelist on the weekly television program Sports Show with Mike Max, which aired Sunday nights at 9:30 p.m. on WUCW 23 in the Twin Cities metro area.  He continued writing for the Star Tribune until his death in 2020.

Minnesota Golden Gophers football
The Minnesota Golden Gophers football team represents the University of Minnesota in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level. Founded in 1882, Minnesota has been a member of the Big Ten Conference since its inception in 1896 as the Western Conference. The Golden Gophers claim seven national championships, including four (1936, 1940, 1941, and 1960) from the major wire-services: AP Poll and/or Coaches' Poll.

Since 2009, the Golden Gophers have played all their home games at Huntington Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The team is currently coached by P. J. Fleck.
Ginzburg–Landau theory
In physics, Ginzburg–Landau theory, often called Landau–Ginzburg theory, named after Vitaly Ginzburg and Lev Landau, is a mathematical physical theory used to describe superconductivity.  In its initial form, it was postulated as a phenomenological model which could describe type-I superconductors without examining  their microscopic properties. One GL-type superconductor is the famous YBCO, and generally all cuprates.

Later, a  version of Ginzburg–Landau theory was derived from the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer microscopic theory by Lev Gor'kov, thus showing that it also appears in some limit of microscopic theory and giving microscopic interpretation of all its parameters. The theory can also be given a general geometric setting, placing it in the context of Riemannian geometry, where in many cases exact solutions can be given. This general setting then extends to quantum field theory and string theory, again owing to its solvability, and its close relation to other, similar systems.

Yttrium barium copper oxide
Yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) is a family of crystalline chemical compounds that display high-temperature superconductivity; it includes the first material ever discovered to become superconducting above the boiling point of liquid nitrogen [77 K (−196.2 °C; −321.1 °F)] at about 93 K (−180.2 °C; −292.3 °F).

Many YBCO compounds have the general formula YBa2Cu3O7−x (also known as Y123), although materials with other Y:Ba:Cu ratios exist, such as YBa2Cu4Oy (Y124) or Y2Ba4Cu7Oy (Y247). At present, there is no singularly recognised theory for high-temperature superconductivity.

It is part of the more general group of rare-earth barium copper oxides (ReBCO) in which, instead of yttrium, other rare earths are present.
Fogo Priory
Fogo Priory was the a Tironensian monastic community in Berwickshire, Scottish Borders, dedicated to Saint Nicholas. It was founded sometime between 1253 and 1297 by a local landlord named Patrick Corbet, who granted lands to Kelso Abbey in order to establish a cell there. Only two of the priors of Fogo are known.

Scottish Borders
The Scottish Borders (Scottish Gaelic: Crìochan na h-Alba; Scots: The Mairches), often shortened to the Borders within Scotland, is one of the country's 32 council areas. It is bordered by West Lothian, Edinburgh, Midlothian, and East Lothian to the north, the North Sea to the east, Dumfries and Galloway to the south-west, South Lanarkshire to the west, and the English ceremonial counties of Cumbria and Northumberland to the south. The area's largest settlement is Galashiels; its administrative centre is Newtown St Boswells.

The term "Scottish Borders" is also used for the areas of southern Scotland and northern England that bound the Anglo-Scottish border, namely Dumfries and Galloway, Scottish Borders, Northumberland, and Cumbria. The council area occupies approximately the same area as the historic shires of Berwickshire, Peeblesshire, Roxburghshire, and Selkirkshire.
USS Vulcan (AC-5)
USS Vulcan (Collier No. 5/AC-5) was a collier of the United States Navy.

The second ship to bear the name, she was laid down on 5 October 1908, at Sparrows Point, Maryland, by the Maryland Steel Company, launched on 15 May 1909, and commissioned at the Norfolk Navy Yard on 2 October 1909.

Norfolk Naval Shipyard
The Norfolk Naval Shipyard, often called the Norfolk Navy Yard and abbreviated as NNSY, is a U.S. Navy facility in Portsmouth, Virginia. It was created for building, remodeling and repairing the United States Navy's ships. It is the oldest and largest industrial facility that belongs to the U.S. Navy as well as the most comprehensive. Located on the Elizabeth River, the yard is just a short distance upriver from its mouth at Hampton Roads.

It was established as Gosport Shipyard in 1767. Though it was destroyed during the American Revolutionary War, it was rebuilt and became home to the first operational drydock in the United States in the 1830s. Changing hands during the American Civil War, it served the Confederate States Navy until it was again destroyed in 1862, when it was given its current name. The shipyard was again rebuilt, and has continued to operate through the present day.
Duncan Whalley
Robert Duncan Whalley (born 17 October 1979) is an English cricketer. Whalley is a right-handed batsman who plays primarily as a wicketkeeper. He was born at Blackburn, Lancashire.

Whalley represented the Lancashire Cricket Board in a single List A match against Cheshire in the 1st round of the 2002 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was held in 2001. In his only List A match he scored 5 runs, while behind the stumps he took a single catch.

He currently plays club cricket for St Annes Cricket Club in the Northern Premier Cricket League.

2002 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy
The 2002 Cheltenham and Gloucester Trophy was an English limited overs county cricket tournament which was held between 29 August 2001 and 31 August 2002.  It was the second Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy, following its change of name from the NatWest Trophy.  The tournament was won by Yorkshire who defeated Somerset by 6 wickets in the final at Lord's.
John M. Hennessy
John M. (Jack) Hennessy is an American financier and philanthropist. The son of John F. Hennessy and Octavia Tanksley, he was born on May 5, 1936, in Boston, Massachusetts.

He was educated at the Roxbury Latin School, Harvard University (where he graduated magna cum laude), and the MIT Sloan School of Management. He and his wife, Margarita, divide their time among Nassau, Bahamas, London, England, where
their daughter and son-in-law live, and Tuxedo Park, New York, where their son, daughter-in-law, and three grandchildren live.

Roxbury Latin School
The Roxbury Latin School (informally known as RL) is a private, college-preparatory, all-boys day school located in West Roxbury, Boston, Massachusetts. Founded in 1645 by Puritan missionary John Eliot, Roxbury Latin bills itself as the oldest boys' school in North America and the oldest school in continuous existence in North America.

Roxbury Latin enrolls about 300 boys from the seventh through twelfth grades. The school has an endowment of $212 million (as of June 2024). 38% of students are on financial aid and 100% of admitted students' demonstrated financial need was met in 2022. In addition, the school has a policy of charging frontline tuition that is "about 65% of that of other Boston-area independent schools." Tuition for the 2025–26 academic year is $42,200.
Lee Bright
Lee Bright (born March 21, 1970) is an American politician who serves as the South Carolina State Senator from the 12th district since 2026 and previously from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Republican Party, his district included Spartanburg County and Greenville County. Bright unsuccessfully ran for the U.S. Senate in 2014 and U.S. House of Representatives in 2018. He won a 2025 special election primary and reclaimed the 12th district State Senate seat.

Spartanburg County, South Carolina
Spartanburg County is a county located on the northwestern border of the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 327,997, making it the fifth-most populous county in South Carolina. Its county seat is Spartanburg. Spartanburg County is the largest county within the Spartanburg, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC Combined Statistical Area.
Sexual headache
Sexual headache occurs in the skull and neck during sexual activity, including masturbation or orgasm. These headaches are usually benign, but occasionally are caused by intracranial hemorrhage and cerebral infarction, especially if the pain is sudden and severe. They may be caused by general exertion, sexual excitement, or contraction of the neck and facial muscles. Most cases can be successfully treated with medication.

Intracranial hemorrhage
Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is  bleeding within the skull. It can result from trauma, vascular abnormalities, hypertension, or other medical conditions. ICH is broadly categorized into several subtypes based on the location of the bleed: intracerebral hemorrhage (including intraparenchymal and intraventricular hemorrhages), subarachnoid hemorrhage, epidural hemorrhage, and subdural hematoma. Each subtype has distinct causes, clinical features, and treatment approaches.
1976 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1976 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship was the 66th completed staging of the Wexford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Wexford County Board in 1889.

Buffers Alley entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 7 November 1976 at Wexford Park, between Buffers Alley and Rapparees, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Buffers Alley won the match by 1–11 to 2–04 to claim their fourth championship title overall and a second consecutive title.

Chadwicks Wexford Park
Chadwicks Wexford Park is a GAA stadium in Wexford, County Wexford, Ireland. It is the home of Wexford GAA's Gaelic football and hurling teams. After a recent development the ground has a capacity of about 18,000.
It is located in the Clonard area on the outskirts of Wexford Town.

In 2015, a local technology company, Innovate Business Technology, bought the naming rights to the stadium. The new name was Innovate Wexford Park. In 2020, Chadwicks builders' providers replaced Innovate as the name sponsor of the stadium.
1940 Maine gubernatorial election
The 1940 Maine gubernatorial election took place on September 9, 1940. Incumbent Republican Governor Lewis O. Barrows was term limited and unable to seek re-election. Republican Maine Senate President Sumner Sewall faced off against Democrat Fulton J. Redman in the general election, beating him easily. This election was the last gubernatorial contest in Maine held prior to United States involvement in the second world war. Frederick G. Payne unsuccessfully ran for the Republican nomination.

Maine Senate
44°18′26″N 69°46′54″W﻿ / ﻿44.307138°N 69.781586°W﻿ / 44.307138; -69.781586

The Maine Senate is the upper house of the Maine Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Maine. The Senate currently consists of 35 members representing an equal number of districts across the state, though the Maine Constitution allows for "an odd number of Senators, not less than 31 nor more than 35". Unlike the lower House, the Senate does not set aside nonvoting seats for Native tribes.  Because it is a part-time position, members of the Maine Senate usually have outside employment as well.

The Senate meets at the Maine State House in Augusta. Members are limited to four consecutive terms with each term being two years but may run again after a two-year wait.
Gábor J. Székely
Gábor J. Székely (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈseːkɛj]; born February 4, 1947, in Budapest) is a Hungarian-American statistician/mathematician best known for introducing energy statistics (E-statistics). Examples include: the distance correlation, which is a bona fide dependence measure, equals zero exactly when the variables are independent; the distance skewness, which equals zero exactly when the probability distribution is diagonally symmetric; the E-statistic for normality test; and the E-statistic for clustering.

Other important discoveries include the Hungarian semigroups, the location testing for Gaussian scale mixture distributions, the uncertainty principle of game theory, the half-coin which involves negative probability, and the solution of an old open problem of lottery mathematics: in a 5-from-90 lotto the minimum number of tickets one needs to buy to guarantee that at least one of these tickets has (at least) 2 matches is exactly 100.

Lottery mathematics
Lottery mathematics is used to calculate probabilities of winning or losing a lottery game. It is based primarily on combinatorics, particularly the twelvefold way and combinations without replacement. It can also be used to analyze coincidences that happen in lottery drawings, such as repeated numbers appearing across different draws.

In the following

P is the number of balls in a pool of balls that the winning balls are drawn from, without replacement.

W is the number of winning balls drawn from the pool.

T is the number of balls listed on the lottery ticket.  (It often equals W.)

M is the number of balls that match on the lottery ticket and within the winning set.
1897 New York City Municipal Assembly election
An election was held to fill the Municipal Assembly of the newly created City of Greater New York on November 2, 1897. The charter of the new city had created a bicameral Municipal Assembly, consisting of an upper Council and a lower Board of Aldermen. Each chamber was elected from specially-made districts. In addition, the president of the Council was elected in a separate election on the same day.

Democrats won majorities in both chambers of the Assembly, winning 26 of the Council's 28 seats and 47 of the 60 aldermanic seats. Affiliates of Tammany Hall filled all of Manhattan's seats in the Council. In addition, Democrat Randolph Guggenheimer won the Council Presidency.

Bicameralism would prove to be short-lived, as the Municipal Assembly was replaced with a unicameral Board of Aldermen in 1901.

New York City Board of Aldermen
The New York City Board of Aldermen was a body that was the upper house of New York City's Common Council from 1824 to 1875, the lower house of its Municipal Assembly from 1898 to 1901, and its unicameral legislature from 1875 to 1897 and 1902 to 1937. The corresponding lower house was known as the Board of Assistants or the Board of Assistant Aldermen from 1824 to 1875, while the upper house was known as the Council from 1898 to 1901. In 1938 a new charter came into effect that replaced the Board of Aldermen with the New York City Council.