hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Zalužani
Zalužani (Serbian Cyrillic: Залужани) is a village in the municipality of Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The village is also home to Bosnia and Herzegovina's only motor racing track.

Municipalities of Republika Srpska
Under the "Law on Territorial Organization and Local Self-Government" adopted in 1994, Republika Srpska was divided into 80 municipalities.  After the conclusion of the Dayton Peace Agreement, the law was amended in 1996 to reflect the changes to the entity's borders and now provides for the division of Republika Srpska into 64 municipalities.
Rajindar Nath Rehbar
Rajendar Nath Rehbar (5 November 1931 - 13 November 2022) was an Indian Urdu-language poet and Bollywood lyricist. He is the writer of the nazm Teri Khushboo Me Base Khat sung by ghazal singer Jagjit Singh. He is a disciple of the Urdu poet Ratan Pandoravi.

Nazm
Nazm (Urdu: نظم) is a major part of Urdu and Sindhi poetry that is normally written in rhymed verse and also in modern prose-style poems. Nazm is a significant genre of Urdu and Sindhi poetry; the other one is known as ghazal.

Nazm is significantly written by controlling one’s thoughts and feelings, which are constructively discussed as well as developed and finally, concluded, according to the poetic laws. The title of the nazm itself holds the central theme as a whole. While writing nazm, it is not important to follow any rules as it depends on the writer. A nazm can be long or short and there are no restrictions on size or rhyme scheme. All the verses written in a nazm are interlinked.
Operation Neuland
Operation Neuland was the code name of the Kriegsmarine extension of unrestricted submarine warfare into the Caribbean Sea during World War II. German U-boats demonstrated range to disrupt British petroleum supplies and American aluminum supplies which had not been anticipated by Allied pre-war planning. Although the area remained vulnerable to submarines for several months, U-boats never again enjoyed the opportunities for success resulting from the surprise of this operation.

Unrestricted submarine warfare
Unrestricted submarine warfare is a type of naval warfare in which submarines sink merchant ships such as freighters and tankers without warning. The use of unrestricted submarine warfare has had significant impacts on international relations in regard to both the First World War and the Second World War. Its history has been dominated by German decision making.

There have been attempts to limit the use of unrestricted naval warfare, with some dating back to before the turn of the 20th century as an extension of rules for surface raiders. While initially submarines operated successfully by attacking on the surface using deck guns, attacking without warning while submerged reduces the opportunity for the target to escape or defend itself if armed.
Midoun
Midoun (Arabic: ميدون, Mīdūn) is a town and commune located on the north east of Djerba in Medenine Governorate, Tunisia. As of 2014 it had a population of 63,528.

Midoun has 7 Imadas (districts): Midoun, Mahboubine, El-May, Arkou, Sedouikch, Robbana and Ben-Maaguel.

The commune has an electrification rate of 99% and a drinking water connection rate of 84%. The commune also has 90 hotels ranging from motels to luxurious 5-star hotels with a total capacity of 50,000 beds, making it the biggest tourist destination in Tunisia.

Medenine Governorate
Medenine (Arabic: مدنين Mednīn; French: Médenine) is one of the 24 governorates (provinces) of Tunisia, it had a population of 537,255 (2024 census) situated in the south-east, it includes the island of Djerba and borders Libya to the east. The capital is Mednine.
Märwil
Märwil is a village and former municipality in the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau, Switzerland.

It was first recorded in 827 as Marinwilare.

The municipality also contained the villages Breite, Ghürst, Himmenreich and Langnau. It had 357 inhabitants in 1850, which decreased to 274 in 1900. It then increased to 461 in 1950, 579 in 1970 and 622 in 1990.

In 1995 the municipality was incorporated into the larger, neighboring municipality Affeltrangen.

Frauenfeld District
Frauenfeld District is one of the five districts of the canton of Thurgau, Switzerland. It has a population of 69,773 (as of 31 December 2020).  Its capital, and the capital of Thurgau, is the city of Frauenfeld.
The district shares borders with canton Zurich and canton Schaffhausen as well a river border with the German enclave of Büsingen am Hochrhein.

The district contains the following municipalities:
Divi Blasii
Divi Blasii is a Gothic church in the Thuringian town of Mühlhausen, central Germany. Besides St Mary's, it is one of Mühlhausen's two principal churches.
Divi Blasii is a three-aisle, cruciform hall church, situated on the Untermarkt (Lower Market) in the historical centre of the town. The elaborately designed display façade with tracery, pinnacles and a wheel window on the north side is located on an old trade route. Today, Divi Blasii is the central parish church of the Lutheran parish of Mühlhausen within the Protestant Church in Central Germany.

Evangelical Church in Central Germany
The Evangelical Church in Central Germany (German: Evangelische Kirche in Mitteldeutschland; EKM) is a United church body covering most of the German states of Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia and some adjacent areas in Brandenburg and Saxony.
Church Missionary Society in the Middle East and North Africa
The Church Missionary Society in the Middle East and North Africa, operated through branch organisations, such as the Mediterranean Mission (for countries bordering on the Mediterranean), with the mission extending to Palestine (Jerusalem, Gaza, Jaffa, Nazareth, Nablus and Transjordan), Iran (Persia), Iraq, Egypt, Ethiopia (Abyssinia) and the Sudan. The missions were financed by the CMS with the local organisation of a mission usually being under the oversight of the Bishop of the Anglican diocese in which the CMS mission operated. The CMS made an important contribution to the Episcopal Church in Jerusalem and the Middle East.

The Church Mission Society (CMS), was founded in  Britain in 1799 under the name the Society for Missions to Africa and the East.  In 1812, the organization was renamed the Church Missionary Society, and later the Church Mission Society.

William Jowett
William Jowett (1787 – 20 February 1855) was a missionary and author, in 1813 becoming the first Anglican cleric to volunteer for the overseas service of the Church Missionary Society. A leader of the Evangelicals at Cambridge, he worked in Malta, Ottoman Syria, and Ottoman Palestine, and in later life was clerical secretary of the Society and a parish priest in Clapham, South London.
David North (character)
David North (Christoph "Christopher" Nord) is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He is primarily known as Maverick and went by Agent Zero while operating within the Weapon X program. The character first appeared in X-Men #5 and was created by writer John Byrne and co-writer/artist Jim Lee.

Daniel Henney portrayed Agent Zero in the 2009 superhero film X-Men Origins: Wolverine.

Vibranium
Vibranium (/vaɪˈbreɪniəm/) is a fictional metal appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, noted for its extraordinary abilities to absorb, store, and release large amounts of kinetic energy. Mined only in the kingdom of Wakanda, the metal is associated with the character Black Panther, who wears a suit of vibranium, and Captain America, who bears a vibranium/steel alloy shield. An alternate form of the material, known as Antarctic Vibranium, or Anti-Metal, has appeared in the Savage Land.
Mukhlesur Rahman Chowdhury
Mukhlesur Rahman Chowdhury (Bengali: মোখলেসুর রহমান চৌধুরী), also known as Mokhles Chowdhury, is a Bangladeshi journalist and editor. He served as Press Secretary and an advisor for a brief period of the President Iajuddin Ahmed.

Caretaker government
A caretaker government, also known as a caretaker regime, is a temporary ad hoc government that performs some governmental duties and functions in a country until a regular government is elected or formed. Depending on specific practice, it consists of either randomly selected members of parliament or outgoing members until their dismissal.

Caretaker governments in representative democracies are usually limited in their function, serving only to maintain the status quo, rather than truly govern and propose new legislation. Unlike the government it is meant to temporarily replace, a caretaker government does not have a legitimate mandate (electoral approval) to exercise aforementioned functions.
MV Empire MacKay
MV Empire MacKay was an oil tanker constructed with rudimentary aircraft handling facilities as a merchant aircraft carrier (MAC ship).

MV Empire MacKay was built by Harland & Wolff, Govan under order from the Ministry of War Transport. She entered service as a MAC ship in October 1943, however only her air crew and the necessary maintenance staff were naval personnel. She was operated by the British Tanker Company.

She returned to merchant service as an oil tanker in 1946 as British Swordfish and she was eventually scrapped in Rotterdam in 1959.

Ministry of War Transport
The Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) was a department of the British Government formed early in the Second World War to control transportation policy and resources. It was formed by merging the Ministry of Shipping and the Ministry of Transport, bringing responsibility for both shipping and land transport to a single department, and easing problems of co-ordination of transport in wartime.

The MoWT was founded on 1 May 1941, when Lord Leathers was appointed Minister of War Transport. Following the general election of July 1945, Alfred Barnes was appointed Minister of War Transport, remaining in the post after the department was renamed the Ministry of Transport in April 1946.
Swan Lane Mills
Swan Lane Mills is a former cotton mill complex on Higher Swan Lane in Bolton, Greater Manchester, England. Historically in Lancashire, the mills were designed by Stott and Sons of Oldham and built in 1903, 1906, and 1914. When completed, the double mill (Nos. 1 and 2) was the largest spinning mill in the world. All three mills are Grade II* listed buildings. As of 2025, Nos. 1 and 2 accommodate a variety of commercial occupants, whereas No. 3 Mill is included on Historic England's Heritage at Risk Register.

Stott and Sons
Stott and Sons was an architectural practice in Lancashire between 1847 and 1931. It specialised in cotton mills, designing 191 buildings of which 130 were mills or buildings related to the cotton industry.
Abraham Henthorn Stott was born on 25 April 1822 in the parish of Crompton. He served a seven-year apprenticeship with Sir Charles Barry, the architect of the Houses of Parliament and Manchester Art Gallery. Abraham returned to Oldham in 1847 and founded the architectural practice of A H Stott. It was known for his innovative structural engineering. His brother Joseph Stott in 1866 started his career here before leaving to start his own practice.  Three of his nine children worked in the practice. Jesse Ainsworth Stott became the senior partner. Philip Sydney Stott spent three years in the practice before starting his own. After Abraham's retirement his practice was renamed Stott and Sons.
Veshka Point
Veshka Point (Bulgarian: нос Вешка, ‘Nos Vishka’ \'nos 'vish-ka\) is the point projecting 1.4 km into Dimitrov Cove on the north coast of Velingrad Peninsula, Graham Coast in Graham Land, Antarctica, and separating the glacier termini of Hoek Glacier to the southwest and Rusalka Glacier to the northeast.  It is named after Veshka Peak in the Rhodope Mountains, Bulgaria.

Rhodope Mountains
The Rhodopes (/ˈrɒdəpiːz/; Bulgarian: Родопи, Rodopi; Greek: Ροδόπη, Rodopi; Turkish: Rodoplar) are a mountain range in Southeastern Europe, and the largest by area in Bulgaria, with over 83% of its area in the southern part of the country and the remainder in Greece. Golyam Perelik is its highest peak at 2,191 meters (7,188 ft). The mountain range gives its name to the terrestrial ecoregion Rodope montane mixed forests that belongs in the temperate broadleaf and mixed forests biome and the Palearctic realm. The region is particularly notable for its karst areas with their deep river gorges, large caves and specific sculptured forms, such as the Trigrad Gorge.

A significant part of Bulgaria's hydropower resources are located in the western areas of the range. There are a number of hydro-cascades and dams used for electricity production, irrigation, and as tourist destinations.
Michal Roman
Michal Roman (born December 15, 1997) is a Slovak professional ice hockey player. He is currently playing for HC Nové Zámky of the Slovak Extraliga.

Roman made his Czech Extraliga debut playing with HC Oceláři Třinec during the 2015-16 Czech Extraliga season.

Czech Extraliga
The Czech Extraliga (Czech: Extraliga ledního hokeje, ELH) is the highest-level ice hockey league in the Czech Republic. It was created in 1993 following the peaceful dissolution of Czechoslovakia midway through the 1992–93 Czechoslovak Extraliga season (which all Slovak and Czech teams played to completion). The league's season usually takes place between September and April and features 14 teams.

Teams from the ELH participate in the IIHF's annual European tournament in the CHL. During the 2022–23 CHL season, the ELH was ranked the No. 5 league in Europe, allowing them to send their top three teams to compete in the CHL.
Stjørdalselva
Stjørdalselva (lit. 'Stjørdal River') is a 70-kilometre (43 mi) long river that reaches from near the Norwegian–Swedish border down the Stjørdalen valley through Meråker Municipality and Stjørdal Municipality before entering the Trondheimsfjord. The mouth is located on the south side of the town Stjørdalshalsen, just south of Trondheim Airport, Værnes. The village of Hell lies on the south side of the river's mouth. The mouth of the river was moved to allow the runway to expand into the delta.

The European route E14 highway and the Meråker Line railway follow the river from its source the entire length of the river.

European route E14
European route E14 is a part of the International E-road network. It runs between Trondheim, Norway, and Sundsvall, Sweden. The road is 449 kilometres (279 mi) long.

The road follows the route Trondheim - Storlien – Östersund – Sundsvall. Just east of Trondheim, the road goes through the 3,928-metre (12,887 ft) long Hell Tunnel.

After crossing the border from Norway it runs through the mountainous western Jämtland County of Sweden, passing the well-known Ånnsjön mountain lake.
Live in Wels & Chicago, 1998
Live in Wels & Chicago, 1998 is a double album by the DKV Trio, composed of drummer Hamid Drake, bassist Kent Kessler and reedist Ken Vandermark. The first CD was recorded live at the "Music Unlimited 98" Festival in Wels, while the second was recorded a few days later at the Velvet Lounge, the Chicago club owned by saxophonist Fred Anderson. The album was released on Okka Disk. All the music is improvised but the first disc is a six pieces suite based on Don Cherry's "Complete Communion'".

Wels
Wels (German pronunciation: [vɛls] ⓘ; Central Bavarian: Wös) is a city in Upper Austria, on the Traun River near Linz. It is the county seat of Wels-Land, and with a population of 65,482 (January 2025), the eighth largest city in Austria.
Marienwerder (region)
The Marienwerder Region (German: Regierungsbezirk Marienwerder) was a government region (Regierungsbezirk) of Prussia from 1815 until 1920 and again 1939-1945. It was a part of the Province of West Prussia from 1815 to 1829, and again 1878–1920, belonging to the Province of Prussia in the intervening years, and to the Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia in the years 1939-1945. The regional capital was Marienwerder in West Prussia (now Kwidzyn).

Province of Prussia
The Province of Prussia (German: Provinz Preußen; Lithuanian: Prūsijos provincija; Polish: Prowincja Prusy; Kashubian: Prowincjô Prësë) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1824 to 1878. The province was established in 1824 from the provinces of West Prussia and East Prussia, and was dissolved in 1878 when the merger was reversed.

Königsberg (present-day Kaliningrad, Russia) was the provincial capital.
Kirov constituency
The Kirov constituency (No.105) is a Russian legislative constituency in Kirov Oblast. The constituency covers parts of Kirov and northern Kirov Oblast.

The constituency has been represented since 2016 by United Russia deputy Rakhim Azimov, former Senator from the Komi Republic and chemical executive.

Omutninsky District
Omutninsky District (Russian: Омутни́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-nine in Kirov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the east of the oblast. The area of the district is 5,171 square kilometers (1,997 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Omutninsk. Population: 44,793 (2010 Census); 51,406 (2002 Census); 59,218 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Omutninsk accounts for 52.7% of the district's total population.
International Working Group on Neurotransmitter Related Disorders
The International Working Group on Neurotransmitter Related Disorders is an international collaboration of researchers studying neurotransmitter disorders. It has created a patient registry for longitudinal studies.

The group studies deficiencies in aromatic amino acid decarboxylase, tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine beta-hydroxylase, monoamine oxidase A, dopamine transporter, vesicular monoamine transporter 2 GTP cyclohydrolase (Segawa disease), 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase, dihydropteridine reductase, sepiapterin reductase, folate receptor alpha, dihydrofolate reductase, 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, 3-phosphoserine phosphatase, phosphoserine aminotransferase, the glycine cleavage system (the deficiency is called glycine encephalopathy or non-ketotic hyperglycinaemia), GABA-transaminase, and succinate-semialdehyde dehydroxylase.

Phosphoserine phosphatase
The enzyme phosphoserine phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.3) catalyzes the reaction

O-phospho-L(or D)-serine + H2O  L(or D)-serine + phosphate

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on phosphoric monoester bonds.  The systematic name is O-phosphoserine phosphohydrolase. This enzyme participates in glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
Marc Lütolf
Marc Lütolf (born 24 June 1987) is a former Swiss footballer.

In February 2008 he joined Gossau. He was released in February 2010.

In May 2010, Lütolf and former teammate Darko Damjanović, Mario Bigoni were given open-ended suspensions after involved in the 2009 European football betting scandal.

Her played for Swiss U20 team at 2006–07 and 2007–08 Four Nations Tournament.

Under-20 Four Nations Tournament
Under-20 Four Nations Tournament (Italian: Torneo Quattro Nazioni Under-20; German: Internationalen U-20 Spielrunde) was an annual under-20 football tournament, contested by the four Alpine nations: Austria, Germany, Italy and Switzerland, from the 2003–04 edition until the 2009–10 edition. In 2011, Poland replaced Austria. For the 2017–18 edition, the tournament was replaced by the Under 20 Elite League, as the 2017–18 Under 20 Elite League.
Kamasze
Kamasze [kaˈmaʂɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Złoczew, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) west of Złoczew, 25 km (16 mi) south-west of Sieradz, and 76 km (47 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Sieradz County
Sieradz County (Polish: powiat sieradzki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Sieradz, which lies 54 kilometres (34 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź. The county contains three other towns: Złoczew, lying 23 km (14 mi) south-west of Sieradz, Warta, lying 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Sieradz, and Błaszki, 23 km (14 mi) west of Sieradz.

The county covers an area of 1,491.04 square kilometres (575.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 121,013, out of which the population of Sieradz is 44,045, that of Złoczew is 3,403, that of Warta is 3,388, that of Błaszki is 2,179, and the rural population is 67,998.
Nico Neidhart
Nico Neidhart (born 27 September 1994) is a German professional footballer who plays for Hansa Rostock as a full back. He is the son of football manager Christian Neidhart.

Neidhart made his debut for VfL Osnabrück in August 2012, as a substitute for Marcus Piossek in a 3–0 away defeat to Stuttgarter Kickers.

Stuttgarter Kickers
Stuttgarter Kickers is a German association football club that plays in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, founded on 21 September 1899 as FC Stuttgarter Cickers. The club currently plays in the Regionalliga Südwest, the fourth tier of German football.
Tsaritsyn (settlement)
Tsaritsyn (Russian: Царицын) is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Tsaritsynskoye Rural Settlement, Gorodishchensky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,059 as of 2010. There are 85 streets.

Gorodishchensky District, Volgograd Oblast
Gorodishchensky District (Russian: Городи́щенский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-three in Volgograd Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Gorodishchensky Municipal District. It is located in the southern central part of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,450 square kilometers (950 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Gorodishche. Population: 60,188 (2010 Census); 57,308 (2002 Census); 45,982 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Gorodishche accounts for 35.5% of the district's total population.
Lewis C. Robards
Lewis C. Robards (fl. 1848–1855) was a 19th-century American slave trader of Lexington, Kentucky. He had an unscrupulous reputation as a dealer, and he was widely known for his "special" offerings: fancy girls, meaning young, light-skinned enslaved women and girls offered for sexual exploitation. Robards was also considered a likely culprit in several cases of kidnapping into slavery. His slave pen was funded in part by a loan from John Hunt Morgan; when he could not repay the loan his premises were sold to Bolton, Dickens & Co., a multi-state slave-trading firm based in West Tennessee.

Quadroon
In the colonial societies of the Americas and Australia, a quadroon (/kwɑːˈdruːn/ kwah-DROON) or quarteron (quarter-caste in the United Kingdom and Australia) was a person with one-quarter African or Aboriginal ancestry, and three-quarters European ancestry. Similar classifications were octoroon for one-eighth black and quintroon for one-sixteenth black.

Governments of the time sometimes incorporated the terms in law, defining rights and restrictions. The use of such terminology is a characteristic of hypodescent, which is the practice within a society of assigning children of mixed unions to the ethnic group which the dominant group perceives as being subordinate. The racial designations refer specifically to the number of full-blooded African ancestors or equivalent, emphasizing the quantitative least, with quadroon signifying that a person has one-quarter black ancestry.