hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Unreinforced masonry building
An unreinforced masonry building (or UMB, URM building) is a type of building where load bearing walls, non-load bearing walls or other structures, such as chimneys, are made of brick, cinderblock, tiles, adobe or other masonry material that is not braced by reinforcing material, such as rebar in a concrete or cinderblock. The term is used in earthquake engineering as a classification of certain structures for earthquake safety purposes, and is subject to minor variation from place to place.

Masonry
Masonry is the craft of building a structure with brick, stone, or similar material, including mortar plastering, which are often laid in, bound, and pasted together by mortar. The term masonry can also refer to the building units (stone, brick, etc.) themselves.

The common materials of masonry construction are bricks and building stone; rocks such as marble, granite, and limestone; cast stone, concrete blocks, glass blocks, and adobe. Masonry is generally a highly durable form of construction. However, the materials used, the quality of the mortar and workmanship, and the pattern in which the units are assembled can substantially affect the durability of the overall masonry construction.

A person who constructs masonry is called a mason or bricklayer, or in some places colloquially a "brickie". These are both classified as construction trades.
Frank Iler
Francis Robertson "Frank" Iler Jr. is a Republican member of the North Carolina House of Representatives. Iler has represented the 17th district (including constituents in Brunswick County) since 2009. A retired businessman who lives in Oak Island, North Carolina, Iler was appointed when Bonner Stiller resigned in 2009.

Oak Island, North Carolina
Oak Island is a seaside town located in the southeastern corner of North Carolina, United States. Part of Brunswick County, the major portion of the town is on Oak Island which it shares with Caswell Beach. Founded in 1999 as the result of the consolidation of two existing towns, Oak Island's main industry is tourism. Per the 2020 census, the town has a permanent population of 8,396 while its summer population is near 50,000. It along with the town of Caswell Beach is part of the Wilmington, NC, Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Goniographa funkei
Goniographa funkei is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in the western Tien-Shan Mountains (including the Turkestan Mountains, Karategin Range, Peter I Mountains), the Hissar Mountains and the western parts of the Pamir massif.

The wingspan is 32–36 mm.

Peter I Range
Peter I Range, Peter the First Range or Peter the Great Range (Russian: Хребет Пётра I or Хребет Пётра Первого) is a mountain range in Tajikistan, part of the Pamir Mountain System. The range takes its name from Peter the Great (1672–1725).
Jeremy Morley
Jeremy Dennis Morley (born 20 October 1950 in Newmarket, Suffolk) is an English former cricketer active from 1969 to 1976 who played for Sussex. He appeared in 72 first-class matches as a lefthanded batsman who bowled right arm medium pace and sometimes kept wicket. He scored 2,752 runs with a highest score of 127 and took no wickets. He completed 27 matches with one stumping.

Seam bowling
Seam bowling is a bowling technique in cricket, in which the ball is deliberately bowled to hit the ground on its seam, to cause a random deviation when it bounces. A bowler who uses this technique is called a seam bowler or seamer.

Seam bowling is a form of fast bowling, although seam can also be a factor in medium-pace bowling. Although there are specialist seamers that make deliberate use of off cutter and leg cutter at the expense of bowling slower than regular fast bowlers, most bowlers employ the seam to some effect and so the terms "seamer" and "fast bowler" are largely synonymous. This was far less the case in the past, even the recent past. Bowlers such as Tom Cartwright and Derek Shackleton bowled seamers at a pace in the low 70mphs and were very successful due to their mastery of control and variation.
Angeles Mesa skeletons
Angeles Mesa Skeletons or Haverty Skeletons are two common names for permineralized prehistoric human remains comprising eight individuals (three males, three females, two individuals of uncertain sex) that were found in loose sands and sandy clays at the base of the Baldwin Hills between Culver City and Los Angeles in Southern California in 1924. Angeles Mesa is the neighborhood where they were found; Haverty Construction Company was the business that initially uncovered the site.

“Several of these individuals are represented by nearly complete cranial and post-cranial materials, an extremely rare occurrence in pre-contact Native American remains,” noted a 2013 summary of the decades-long effort to determine the age of the bones. They  likely date from before 3000 BC.

Robert T. Hill
Robert Thomas Hill (August 11, 1858 – July 20, 1941) was a significant figure in the development of American geology during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.  As a pioneer Texas geologist, Hill discovered and named the Comanche series of the Lower Cretaceous, and was a lifelong student of the structure and stratigraphy of the Cretaceous deposits of Central Texas and neighboring regions.
Pseudotaenia
Pseudotaenia is a genus of beetles in the family Buprestidae, containing the following species:

Pseudotaenia ajax (Saunders, 1872)

Pseudotaenia frenchi (Blackburn, 1891)

Pseudotaenia gigas (Hope, 1846)

Pseudotaenia salamandra (Thomson, 1879)

Pseudotaenia spilota Carter, 1916

Pseudotaenia superba (Saunders, 1872)

Pseudotaenia waterhousei (van de Poll, 1886)

Buprestidae
Buprestidae is a family of beetles known as jewel beetles or metallic wood-boring beetles because of their glossy iridescent colors. Larvae of this family are known as flatheaded borers. The family is among the largest of the beetles, with some 15,500 species known in 775 genera. In addition, almost 100 fossil species have been described.

The larger and more spectacularly colored jewel beetles are highly prized by insect collectors. The elytra of some Buprestidae species have been traditionally used in beetlewing jewellery and decoration in certain countries in Asia, like India, Thailand and Japan.
John Alexander (chief clerk)
John Alexander (Wooler, 28 December 1830 – 3 October 1916, Sevenoaks) was Chief Clerk to Bow Street Magistrates' Court, then called Bow Street Police Court (as seen in Alexander's summons to James McNeill Whistler), and simultaneously, as was then the custom, Editor of the Police Gazette in England from 1877 until his retirement in 1895.

Bow Street Magistrates' Court and Police Station
Bow Street Magistrates' Court (formerly Bow Street Police Court) and Police Station each became one of the most famous magistrates' courts and police stations in England.

Over the court's 266-year existence it occupied various buildings on Bow Street in Westminster, immediately north-east of Covent Garden, the last of which opened in 1881 and incorporated the police station previously on another site on the street. It closed in 2006 and its work moved to a set of four magistrates' courts: Westminster, Camberwell Green, Highbury Corner and the City of Westminster Magistrates' Court. The senior magistrate at Bow Street until 2000 was the Chief Metropolitan Stipendiary Magistrate.

The building is grade II listed, - the court areas now form a hotel and the station part houses the Bow Street Museum of Crime and Justice.
Museo Casa Enzo Ferrari
Museo Casa Enzo Ferrari (also known as Museo Enzo Ferrari) is a museum in Modena focused on the life and work of Enzo Ferrari, the founder of the Ferrari sports car marque. The museum complex includes two separate buildings, a former house and workshop that belonged to Enzo Ferrari's father, and a new building designed by the architectural practice Future Systems.  The new 6,000 square metres (65,000 sq ft) building houses, in a large gallery, a permanent exhibition displaying some of the most noteworthy Ferrari automobiles, including rare cars of the 1950s, Formula One race cars and more recent sports cars.

The museum exhibition gallery was substantially renewed and updated in February 2014.

The exhibits feature Ferrari, Alfa Romeo and Maserati cars and also a large video-projection depicting the life of Enzo Ferrari.

Future Systems
Future Systems was a London-based architectural and design practice, formerly headed by Directors Jan Kaplický and Amanda Levete.

Future Systems was founded by Kaplický and David Nixon after working with Denys Lasdun, Norman Foster, Renzo Piano, and Richard Rogers in 1979. The work of Future Systems can be classified within the British high-tech architects as either bionic architecture or amorphous, organic shapes sometimes referred to as "blobitecture". "Compared to his peers, Kaplicky was the avant-garde incarnate, relentlessly pursuing the new new thing, refusing to settle into some predictable, and comfortable, architectural niche."
Zhirkov
Zhirkov (Russian: Жирков) is a Russian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Zhirkova. Notable people with the surname include:

Elizaveta Ivanovna Zhirkova, birth name of Elisheva Bikhovski (1888–1949), Russian and Israeli poet, writer, literary critic and translator

Lev Zhirkov,  Soviet and Russian philologist

Tatyana Zhyrkova (born 1968), Russian athlete

Yuri Zhirkov (born 1983), Russian football player, brother of Nikolai

Lev Zhirkov
Lev Ivanovich Zhirkov (Russian: Лев Иванович Жирков; 19 March 1885, Moscow – 4 December 1963, Moscow) was a Soviet and Russian philologist, specializing in Persian and Caucasian languages, and Esperantist. Brother of Elisheva Bikhovski.
Silas (TV series)
Silas is a 1981 ZDF adventure television mini-series based on the Danish children's book Silas og den sorte hoppe (Silas and the Black Mare) by Cecil Bødker who kept on writing installments until 2001.

The series was Patrick Bach's debut, and because the series did so well, he also starred the very next year in another adventure series about a young orphan: Jack Holborn.

Silas was a German production, and despite being recorded in France — Normandy and in Brittany (Bay of Douarnenez, Locronan, Bay of Audierne, near Plovan - on the long sandy beach where the German version of the opening credits were shot) — it was filmed solely in German. Still it received attention beyond German-speaking countries and consequently the successor Jack Holborn involved international producers and was dub filmed in English.

Adventure
An adventure is a novel and exciting undertaking that is typically bold, sometimes risky. Adventures may be activities with danger such as traveling, exploring, skydiving, mountain climbing, scuba diving, river rafting, or other extreme sports. Adventures are often undertaken to create psychological arousal or in order to achieve a greater goal, such as the pursuit of knowledge that can only be obtained by such activities.
Carrasco Creek
Carrasco Creek (Spanish: Arroyo Carrasco) is a Uruguayan stream, separating Canelones Department and Montevideo Department. It flows from the Carrasco Swamps into the Río de la Plata.

It is one of the most contaminated water streams in the country.

Montevideo Department
Montevideo (Spanish pronunciation: [monteβiˈðeo]) is a department (departamento) of Uruguay. 
It is by far the smallest department in area, but also by far the most populated. Its capital is the city of Montevideo, which is also the national capital.  While most of the department is covered by the capital city, there are still smaller towns within its limits.
Rosanne Fitzgibbon
Rosanne (Rosie) Fitzgibbon (1947–2012) was a literary editor in Australia. She worked for forty years in the publishing of fiction and non-fiction, including as fiction editor at the University of Queensland Press from 1989 to 2005. She worked in collaboration with many of Australia's best-known authors including Thea Astley, Peter Carey, Kate Grenville, and Janette Turner Hospital. Her papers are held in the Fryer Library at the University of Queensland.

In 2017 Editors Queensland and the Institute of Professional Editors established the Rosanne Fitzgibbon Award (also known as "the Rosie") in her honour to recognise the editor of a specific book.

Peter Carey (novelist)
Peter Philip Carey (born 7 May 1943) is an Australian novelist who has lived in New York City for more than three decades.

He is one of only five writers to have won the Booker Prize twice — the others being J. G. Farrell, J. M. Coetzee, Hilary Mantel and Margaret Atwood. Carey won his first Booker Prize in 1988, for Oscar and Lucinda, and won his second Booker Prize in 2001, for True History of the Kelly Gang. In May 2008, he was nominated for the Best of the Booker Prize.

Carey has won the Miles Franklin Award three times, and is frequently named as Australia's next contender for the Nobel Prize in Literature.

In addition to writing fiction, he collaborated on the screenplay of the film Until the End of the World with Wim Wenders and was, for nineteen years, executive director of the Master of Fine Arts in Creative Writing program at Hunter College, part of the City University of New York.
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP+)
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP+) (EC 1.2.1.9) (GAPN) is an enzyme that irreversibly catalyzes the oxidation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GAP) to 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG or 3-PGA) using the reduction of NADP+ to NADPH. GAPN is used in a variant of glycolysis that conserves energy as NADPH rather than as ATP. The NADPH and 3-PG can then be used for synthesis. The most familiar variant of glycolysis uses glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and phosphoglycerate kinase to produce ATP. GAPDH is phosphorylating. GAPN is non-phosphorylating.

GAPN was reported first by Rosenberg and Arnon in 1954. It has been found in plants, algae, and bacteria.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, abbreviated NADP or, in older notation, TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleotide), is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions, such as the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses, which require it as a reducing agent ('hydrogen source'). NADPH is the reduced form, whereas NADP+ is the oxidized form. NADP+ is used by all forms of cellular life. NADP+ is essential for life because it is needed for cellular respiration.

NADP+ differs from NAD+ by the presence of an additional phosphate group on the 2' position of the ribose ring that carries the adenine moiety. This extra phosphate is added by NAD+ kinase and removed by NADP+ phosphatase.
Fall prevention
Fall prevention includes any action taken to help reduce the number of accidental falls suffered by susceptible individuals, such as the elderly and people with neurological (Parkinson's, Multiple sclerosis, stroke survivors, Guillain-Barre, traumatic brain injury, incomplete spinal cord injury) or orthopedic (lower limb or spinal column fractures or arthritis, post-surgery, joint replacement, lower limb amputation, soft tissue injuries) indications.

Adults aged 65 years and older have a 30% chance of falling each year, making fall-related injuries the leading cause of accident-related death for this demographic.

Soft tissue
Soft tissue connects and surrounds or supports internal organs and bones, and includes muscle, tendons, ligaments, fat, fibrous tissue, lymph and blood vessels, fasciae, and synovial membranes. Soft tissue is tissue in the body that is not hardened by the processes of ossification or calcification such as bones and teeth.

It is sometimes defined by what it is not – such as "nonepithelial, extraskeletal mesenchyme exclusive of the reticuloendothelial system and glia".
McHugh Peak
McHugh Peak is a 4,308-foot (1,313 m) mountain summit located in the western Chugach Mountains, in Anchorage Municipality, in the U.S. state of Alaska. McHugh Peak is situated in Chugach State Park, 14 mi (23 km) southeast of downtown Anchorage, and 5 mi (8 km) southwest of O'Malley Peak. Reaching the top involves hiking on a ridge trail and scrambling the final summit tor. The hike to McHugh Peak is detailed in several popular guidebooks. This geographic feature's local name was reported in 1942 by the Army Map Service, and was officially adopted in 1969 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. The mountain's name is derived from McHugh Creek which drains the south slope of this peak, and the creek's name was first published in 1912 by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. This mountain is called Q'isqa Dghelaya in the Denaʼina language, meaning Banjo Snowshoe Mountain. "Q'isqa" are temporary snowshoes made of lashed brush.

Tor (rock formation)
A tor, which is also known by geomorphologists as either a castle koppie or kopje, is a large, free-standing rock outcrop that rises abruptly from the surrounding smooth and gentle slopes of a rounded hill summit or ridge crest. In the South West of England, the term is commonly also used for the hills themselves – particularly the high points of Dartmoor in Devon and Bodmin Moor in Cornwall.
2013 ATP Challenger Tour Finals
The 2013 ATP Challenger Tour Finals is a tennis tournament played at the Sociedade Harmonia de Tênis in São Paulo, Brazil, between 13 and 17 November 2013. It will be the third edition of the event.

It is run by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) and is part of the 2013 ATP Challenger Tour. The tournament serves as the season ending championships for players on the ATP Challenger Tour.

The venue went from Ginásio do Ibirapuera to Sociedade Harmonia de Tênis, because of the change of venue, the tournament will be played in outdoor clay courts for the first time. In the previous editions, it was played in indoor hard courts.

Filippo Volandri
Filippo Volandri (Italian pronunciation: [fiˈlippo voˈlandri]; born 5 September 1981) is an Italian tennis coach and former professional player.
Volandri reached a career-high singles ranking of world no. 25 in July 2007.
He turned professional in 1997 and earned almost $4 million in prize money, winning 2 ATP titles (out of 9 finals in total). His biggest victory was defeating Roger Federer, world number 1, at 2007 Italian Open – Men's singles. Retired in 2017, the following year he became coach and since 2021 he has been the captain of the Italian team, which he led to the win of three consecutive Davis Cups in 2023, 2024 and 2025, establishing a new international record.
Dedh Bigha Zameen
Dedh Bigha Zameen (transl. One and a half bighas of land) is a 2024 Indian Hindi-language drama film written and directed by Pulkit and produced by Karma Media And Entertainment. The film features Pratik Gandhi and Khushali Kumar in the lead roles. The film premiered on JioCinema on 31 May 2024.

Bigha
The bigha or beegah (Urdu: بیگھا, Hindi: बीघा, Bengali: বিঘা)  is a traditional unit of measurement of area of a land, commonly used in northern & eastern India, Bangladesh and Nepal. There is no "standard" size of bigha and it varies considerably from place to place.

On an average, Bigha ranges from 6,806.25 square feet (632.321 m2) to 27,225 square feet (2,529.3 m2). Its sub-unit is Biswa or Katha in many regions, but it has no "standard" size. A bigha may have 5 to 20 Katha/ biswa in different regions, where 1 Katha is usually 1,361.25 square feet (126.464 m2) or 151.25 square yard.
Walk, Don't Run (instrumental)
"Walk, Don't Run" is an instrumental composition written and originally recorded by jazz guitarist Johnny Smith in 1954, which achieved worldwide fame when The Ventures recorded a cover version in 1960.

It was adapted and re-recorded by Chet Atkins in 1956, and was a track on the LP Hi-Fi In Focus. This arrangement was the inspiration for the version by The Ventures in 1960 (though the Ventures' arrangement is recognizably different from Atkins' finger-picked style) and achieved world-wide recognition, being regarded by Rolling Stone magazine as one of the 100 Greatest Guitar Songs of All Time.

Tommy Leonetti
Tommy Leonetti (born Nicola Tomaso Lionetti; September 10, 1929 – September 15, 1979) was an American pop singer-songwriter and actor of the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. In Australia his most famous song was "My City of Sydney" (written by Leonetti and Bobby Troup) and was used by the Australian television station ATN7 in Sydney for its identification into the 1980s and used in the last day of analogue television broadcasting in Australia on 3 December 2013. In America he achieved greater success as a songwriter for movies and Broadway plays.
2018 Food City 300
The 2018 Food City 300 was the 22nd stock car race of the 2018 NASCAR Xfinity Series season, and the 37th iteration of the event. The race was held on Friday, August 17, 2018, in Bristol, Tennessee at Bristol Motor Speedway, a 0.533 miles (0.858 km) permanent oval-shaped racetrack. The race was extended from its scheduled 300 laps to 310 laps due to a NASCAR overtime finish. At race's end, Kyle Larson of Chip Ganassi Racing would be able to hold off Joe Gibbs Racing driver Christopher Bell and JR Motorsports driver Justin Allgaier on the overtime restart to win his 12th NASCAR Xfinity Series win and his fourth and final win of his part-time season. Bell and Allgaier would fill the podium, finishing second and third, respectively.

Green–white–checkered finish
In North American auto racing, a green–white–checker finish (GWC) is a racing restart procedure in which the race is restarted from a caution period with 2 laps remaining. When the race distance is extended to accommodate such a finish, it is also sometimes known as an overtime finish. The name alludes to three racing flags:

Green flag: shown to start or restart the race

White flag: shown at the start of the last lap

Checkered flag: shown at the finish of the race

The prescribed number of final laps is usually two. If a caution flag is shown within the specified number of laps of the scheduled finish, then the number of remaining laps will not be decremented until the green flag is shown again. The exact provisions vary between organizations. For some years after 2007, NASCAR on Fox referred to the extra laps after the scheduled number as Overdrive, an allusion to the term overtime used in many other sports. NASCAR officially adopted the term "NASCAR Overtime" in 2016.
Karl Allred
Karl Allred is an American politician who served as the Secretary of State of Wyoming. He was appointed by Wyoming governor Mark Gordon in September 2022 to replace Edward Buchanan, who resigned on September 15 to become a Goshen County district court judge. He is a member of the Republican Party.

Goshen County, Wyoming
Goshen County (/ˈɡoʊʃən/, GOH-shən) is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 12,498. Its county seat is Torrington. The eastern boundary of the County borders the Nebraska state line. Goshen County produces more beef cattle than any other Wyoming county. In 1997, the county had a total of 688 farms and ranches, averaging 1,840 acres. As of 2007, this had declined slightly to 665 farms and ranches in the county.
KNAM
KNAM, branded as The Monkey, is an oldies radio station in Silt that broadcasts on 1490 AM. It serves listeners in the Western Slope, along the Colorado River and Interstate 70, northwest of Aspen and the Roaring Fork Valley, and northeast of Grand Junction. It simulcasts with KKVT-HD2.

On August 20, 2020, KNAM changed their format from a simulcast of sports-formatted KTMM to simulcast of oldies-formatted KKVT-HD2 Grand Junction, branded as "The Monkey".

Silt, Colorado
Silt is a statutory town in Garfield County, Colorado, United States. The population was 3,536 at the 2020 census, up from 2,930 at the 2010 census. The town is part of the Glenwood Springs Micropolitan Area.