hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2000 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania
The 2000 United States House elections in Pennsylvania was an election for Pennsylvania's delegation to the United States House of Representatives, which occurred as part of the general election of the House of Representatives on November 7, 2000.

Pennsylvania State Senate
The Pennsylvania State Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Pennsylvania General Assembly, the Pennsylvania state legislature. Senators are elected for four-year terms, staggered every two years, such that half of the seats are contested at each election. Even- and odd-numbered district seats are contested in separate election years. The State Senate meets in the State Capitol building in Harrisburg, and has been meeting since 1791.

The president of the Senate is the lieutenant governor, who has no vote except to break a tie. The president pro tempore becomes the lieutenant governor in the event of the sitting lieutenant governor's removal, resignation or death. In this case the president pro tempore and lieutenant governor would be the same person.
Ranen Sen
Ranendranath Sen (23 September 1909 – 13 November 2003) was an Indian communist politician and trade unionist. He was the president of All India Trade Union Congress from 1973 to 1976. He was member of the 3rd Lok Sabha, 4th Lok Sabha and 5th Lok Sabha from Barasat constituency. He was elected to the West Bengal Legislative Assembly in 1952 and 1957 from Maniktala Assembly constituency. He was previously associated with National Revolutionary Movement in undivided Bengal-Jugantar Party.

4th Lok Sabha
The 4th Lok Sabha was in session from 4 March 1967 to 27 December 1970. Its members were elected in February and March 1967. 13 sitting members from the Rajya Sabha were elected to the 4th Lok Sabha in the general election.

Indira Gandhi was again the Prime Minister, as in the 3rd Lok Sabha. Her premiership would continue into the following Lok Sabha, the 5th, which was constituted after the 1971 Indian general election.
Coat of arms of the Czech Republic
The coat of arms of the Czech Republic (Czech: Státní znak České republiky) is divided into two principal variants. The greater coat of arms has quarters representing the Czech lands, the three historical regions which make up the nation. The lesser coat of arms displays a silver double-tailed lion on a red shield. The current coats of arms, which was adopted in 1992, were designed by Czech heraldist Jiří Louda.

Czech Silesia
Czech Silesia (Czech: České Slezsko; Polish: Śląsk Czeski) is a part of the historical region of Silesia now in the Czech Republic. While it currently has no formal boundaries, in a narrow geographic sense, it encompasses most or all of the territory of the Czech Republic within the Oder River's drainage basin. Together with Bohemia and Moravia, it is one of the three historical Czech lands.

Silesia lies in the north-east of the Czech Republic, predominantly in the Moravian-Silesian Region, with a section in the northern Olomouc Region. It is almost identical in extent with Austrian Silesia (also known as the Duchy of Upper and Lower Silesia), before 1918; between 1938 and 1945, part of the area was also known as Sudeten Silesia (German: Sudetenschlesien; Czech: Sudetské Slezsko; Polish: Śląsk Sudecki.
Steinerne Rose
The Steinerne Rose is a rare natural monument. It is a diabase rock formation, that originated on the sea bed from outflowing lava in the middle Devonian, i.e. about 400 million years ago. The lava formed pillow-like bodies which have an internal structure of concentric layers. Over thousands, if not millions, of years these layers have been weathered out (exfoliation joints), giving the bodies the appearance of rosebuds in bloom.

The Steinerne Rose is located about 700 metres north of Kloster, a village in the borough of Saalburg-Ebersdorf in the district of Saale-Orla-Kreis in the central German state of Thuringia, on the local road known as the Reußische Fürstenstraße (L 1095), immediately on the right in front of the bridge over the old Schleiz–Saalburg railway.

There are several smaller stone roses on the Schlossfelsen rocks in Ronneburg.

Saale-Orla-Kreis
Saale-Orla is a Kreis (district) in the east of Thuringia, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) the districts Saale-Holzland, Greiz, the Vogtlandkreis in Saxony, the Bavarian districts Hof and Kronach, and the district Saalfeld-Rudolstadt.
Clan MacCulloch
The origins of Clan MacCulloch are unknown, but there is a consensus that the family was one of the most ancient families of Galloway, Scotland, and a leading medieval family in that region. Despite the obscurity of the early history of the clan, the history and genealogies of the family are well documented in Walter Jameson McCulloch's History of the Galloway Families of McCulloch, which provides extensive footnotes for original Scottish charters, correspondence, and other primary source documentation. The latter provides family history for the following lines: Myretoun, Ardwell, Killasser, Torhouse, Drummorrell, Inshanks and Mule, Torhousekie, Cardiness, Barholm, Kirkclaugh, Auchengool, and  Ardwall (Nether Ardwall).

Clan MacCulloch is a Lowland Scottish clan. As it no longer has a clan chief, it is an armigerous clan.

Scottish clan chief
The Scottish Gaelic word clann means children. In early times, and possibly even today, Scottish clan members believed themselves to descend from a common ancestor, the founder of the clan, after whom the clan is named. The clan chief (ceannard cinnidh) is the representative of this founder, and represents the clan. In the Scottish clan system, a chief is greater than a chieftain (ceann-cinnidh), a designation applied to heads of branches of a clan. Scottish clans that no longer have a clan chief are referred to as armigerous clans.
Heavier Than Thou
Heavier Than Thou is a compilation album by American doom metal band Saint Vitus, released via SST Records in 1991. It features tracks taken from each of their releases on SST. Although the compilation was released after V, it contains none of the songs from that album as Saint Vitus had switched record labels by that time.

V (Saint Vitus album)
V is the fifth studio album by American doom metal band Saint Vitus, released in 1990. Its title is a reference to the Roman numeral five, not the letter "V" from the English alphabet. The album was the band's first release not on SST Records and the last one to feature singer Scott "Wino" Weinrich (until 2012's Lillie: F-65).

In 2004, Southern Lord Records re-released the album on CD and vinyl. The reissue CD contains bonus live footage from The Palm Springs Community Center on May 16, 1986.

The track "Ice Monkey" has been covered by sludge metal band Down during their live shows. A line in "Ice Monkey" also inspired the name of Down's NOLA opener "Temptation's Wings". "Patra" was covered by The Kilimanjaro Darkjazz Ensemble in 2009.
Wilcrick
Wilcrick (Welsh: Chwilgrug) is a hamlet within the administrative boundary of the city of Newport, South Wales, just to the west of Magor and approximately 7 miles (11 km) southeast of Newport city centre. It is within the historic county of Monmouthshire.

Newport city centre
Newport city centre is traditionally regarded as the area of Newport, Wales bounded by the west bank of the River Usk, the George Street Bridge, the eastern flank of Stow Hill and the South Wales Main Line. Most of the city centre is contained within two conservation areas: the central area and the area around Lower Dock Street. Most of the city centre is located in the Stow Hill district.
Peter Blomevenna
Peter Blomevenna Cart. Dutch: Pieter Blommeveen; 29 March 1466 in Leiden – 14 August 1536 in Cologne) was a Carthusian author and prior of Cologne Charterhouse from 1507 to 1536.

He was a translator of Denis the Carthusian, among many other works, and an active opponent of early Protestantism. He was a close friend of Werner Rolewinck (died 1502).

Denis the Carthusian
Denis the Carthusian (A.D. 1402–1471), also known as Denys van Leeuwen, Denis Ryckel, Dionysius van Rijkel, Dionysius Carthusianus, Denys le Chartreux (or other combinations of these terms), was a Roman Catholic theologian and mystic.
MasterChef Australia series 7
The seventh series of the Australian cooking game show MasterChef Australia premiered on 5 May 2015 on Network Ten.

This series was won by Billie McKay in the grand finale against Georgia Barnes on 27 July 2015. The announcement of the winner was watched by 2.2 million metro viewers, making it one of the most watched shows of 2015.

MasterChef Australia series 8
The eighth series of the Australian cooking game show MasterChef Australia premiered on 1 May 2016 on Network Ten. All the judges from the previous series returned.

This series was won by Elena Duggan in the grand finale against Matt Sinclair, on 26 July 2016.
Al-Shawka al-Tahta
Al-Shawka al-Tahta was a Palestinian Arab village in the Safad Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on May 14, 1948, by the Palmach's First Battalion of Operation Yiftach. It was located 31.5 km northeast of Safad.

Safad Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine
The Safad Subdistrict (Arabic: قضاء صفد; Hebrew: נפת צפת) was  one of the subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine before it was captured by Israel in 1948. It was located around the city of Safad. After the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the subdistrict, which fell entirely within modern-day Israel, became the modern-day Safed Subdistrict in the Northern District (Israel).
Married at First Sight (Australian TV series) season 11
The eleventh season of Married at First Sight premiered on 29 January 2024 on the Nine Network. Relationship experts John Aiken and Mel Schilling, alongside sexologist Alessandra Rampolla, all returned to match nine brides and nine grooms. Halfway through the experiment, the experts matched another two brides and two grooms together, as well as two grooms in a same-sex couple.

John Aiken (television personality)
John Maxwell Aiken (born 3 July 1970) is an Australian television personality, psychologist and former cricketer, who played for Auckland and Wellington in New Zealand. Since 2015, he has appeared as one of the "experts" on every season of the reality television series Married at First Sight Australia.
KMT 5 M
The KMT-5M is a Soviet tank mounted mechanical mine clearing device in the KMT series that is designed to disable anti-tank mines by plowing up or mechanically breaking them from the lines in front of tank tracks.  It was first introduced in the 1960s.  The device can be mounted to T-54/55, T-62 and T-64 tanks. The plow has nowadays been mostly replaced by the modern version KMT-7 that can be installed to T-72, T-80 and T-90 series of tanks. It was however recently copied by the Romanians in their D-5M mine clearing system.

The device features both an outer roller and an inner plow.

T-72
The T-72 is a family of Soviet main battle tanks that entered production in 1973. The T-72 was a development based on the T-64 using thought and design of the previous Object 167M. About 25,000 T-72 tanks have been built, and refurbishment has enabled many to remain in service for decades. It has been widely exported and has seen service in 40 countries and in numerous conflicts. The Russian T-90 introduced in 1992 and the Chinese Type 99 are further developments of the T-72. Production and development of various modernized T-72 models continues today.
Dogliotti's principle
Dogliotti's principle is a principle in epidural anaesthesia first described by  Professor Achille Mario Dogliotti in 1933. It is a method for the identification of the epidural space, a potential space. As a needle is advanced through the ligamentum flavum, to the epidural space, with constant pressure applied to the piston of a syringe, loss of resistance occurs once the needle enters the epidural space due to the change in pressure. The identification of this space, allows subsequent administration of epidural anaesthesia, a technique used primarily for analgesia during childbirth.

This technique remains in use at present, and is commonly referred to the loss of resistance to saline technique (LORS) or its variation, the loss of resistance to air technique (LORA). These use, respectively, saline or air to identify the epidural space. The LORS technique is generally favoured due to the increased complication risk with the LORA technique such as pneumocephalus or air embolism.

Epidural space
In anatomy, the epidural space is the potential space between the dura mater and vertebrae (spine).

The anatomy term "epidural space" has its origin in the Ancient Greek language; ἐπί, "on, upon" + dura mater also known as "epidural cavity", "extradural space" or "peridural space". In humans the epidural space contains lymphatics, spinal nerve roots, loose connective tissue, adipose tissue, small arteries, dural venous sinuses and a network of internal vertebral venous plexuses.
Radio Yunost
Radio Yunost (Russian: Радио Юность, lit. 'Radio Youth'), also known as "You-FM" was the primary youth radio station in Soviet Union. It currently broadcasts as a livestream online, now broadcasting Soviet music and literary performances.

Ekspress
Ekspress (Russian: Экспресс meaning Express), is a series of geostationary communications satellites owned by Russian Satellite Communications Company (RSCC). The first satellite of this kind was launched on 13 October 1994. The satellites are produced by the company Information Satellite Systems Reshetnev (ISS Reshetnev).
Miriwoong Sign Language
Miriwoong Sign Language is a developed Australian Aboriginal sign language used by the Miriwoong, an Aboriginal community in the north of Australia. It is mostly used by the hearing community, but three deaf speakers have been identified. Speakers do not find Yolngu Sign Language to be understandable.

Yolŋu Sign Language
Yolŋu (Yolngu) or Penguin Sign Language is a ritual sign language used by the Yolngu, an Aboriginal community in the Arnhem Land region of Australia. As with other Australian Aboriginal sign languages, YSL was developed by the hearing for use when oral speech is forbidden, as during mourning or between certain family relations. (See avoidance speech.) However, "YSL is not a signed version of any spoken Yolngu language... YSL also serves as a primary means of communication for a number of deaf members in Yolngu communities... YSL functions as both an alternate and primary sign language". That is, it is used for communicating to the deaf, but also when communicating at a distance, when hunting, or when ceremonies require silence.  It was acquired from birth by the hearing population.  YSL is now considered an endangered language.
2018 Women's Basketball Invitational
The 2018 Women's Basketball Invitational (WBI) was a single-elimination tournament consisting of 16 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I teams that did not participate in the 2018 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament or 2018 Women's National Invitation Tournament. The 2018 field was announced on March 13. First round WBI games occurred on March 14 and 15; second-round games were played on March 19 and 20. The tournament semifinals were held March 23 and 24, and the 2018 WBI Championship game was held on March 29. Yale defeated Central Arkansas, 54–50, to become WBI champions.

2018 Women's National Invitation Tournament
The 2018 Women's National Invitation Tournament was an annual single-elimination tournament of 64 NCAA Division I teams that were not selected to participate in the 2018 Women's NCAA tournament. The tournament committee announced the 64-team field on March 12, following the selection of the NCAA Tournament field. The tournament began on March 14 and ended on March 31, with the championship game televised on the CBS Sports Network. In the championship game, Indiana defeated Virginia Tech, 65–57.
Nancy van Overveldt
Nancy van Overveldt, born Nancy Wilhelmina Scheffer (February 2, 1930 – June 7, 2015) was a Dutch-Mexican artist. Van Overveldt worked with Mathías Goeritz, Pedro Friedeberg and Angela Gurría, among other modernistas solitarios from the Generación de la Ruptura.

Mathias Goeritz
Werner Mathias Goeritz Brunner (4 April 1915, Danzig, German Empire – 4 August 1990, Mexico City) was a Mexican painter and sculptor of German origin. After spending much of the 1940s in North Africa and Spain, he and his wife, photographer Marianne Gast, immigrated to Mexico in 1949.
Rugby union equipment
A traditional rugby union kit consists of a jersey and shorts, long rugby socks and boots with studs. The other main piece of equipment is the rugby ball.

Some modest padding is allowed on the head, shoulders and collarbone, but it must be sufficiently light, thin and compressible to meet World Rugby standards. Players may wear a mouthguard to guard against concussion and potential chipping of the teeth.

Mouthguard
A mouthguard is a protective device for the mouth that covers the teeth and gums to prevent and reduce injury to the teeth, arches, lips and gums. It also prevents the jaws coming together fully, thereby reducing the risk of jaw joint injuries and concussion.  A mouthguard is most often used to prevent injury in contact sports, as a treatment for bruxism or TMD, or as part of certain dental procedures, such as tooth bleaching or sleep apnea treatment. Depending on the application, it may also be called a mouth protector, mouth piece, gumshield, gumguard, nightguard, occlusal splint, bite splint, or bite plane. The dentists who specialise in sports dentistry fabricate mouthguards.
Călărași District
Călărași (Romanian pronunciation: [kələˈraʃʲ] ⓘ) is a district (Romanian: raion) in the centre of Moldova, with the administrative headquarters in Călărași.  As of the 2024 Census, its population was 43,864.

Călărași
Călărași (Romanian pronunciation: [kələˈraʃʲ] ⓘ; Bulgarian: Кълъраш, romanized: Kŭlŭrash), the capital of Călărași County in the Muntenia region, is situated in south-east Romania, on the banks of the Danube's Borcea branch, at about 12 kilometres (7 miles) from the Bulgarian border and 125 kilometres (78 miles) from Bucharest. It is one of six Romanian county seats lying on the river Danube.

The city is an industrial centre for lumber and paper, food processing, glass manufacturing, textiles, medical equipment production, and heavy industry, the last one represented by the Călărași steel works. The city is known colloquially as "Capșa provinciei" (the Capșa from the provinces).
Alpine skiing at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Women's combined
The women's combined competition of the Sochi 2014 Olympics was held at the Rosa Khutor Alpine Resort near Krasnaya Polyana, Russia, on 10 February at 11:00 MSK for the downhill and at 15:00 MSK for the slalom. Maria Höfl-Riesch won the gold medal.

Moscow Time
Moscow Time (MSK; Russian: Московское время, romanized: Moskovskoye vremya) is the time zone for the city of Moscow, Russia, and most of western Russia, including Saint Petersburg. It is the second-westernmost of the eleven time zones of Russia, after the non-continguous Kaliningrad enclave. It has been set to UTC+03:00 without DST since 26 October 2014; before that date it had been set to UTC+04:00 year-round on 27 March 2011.

Moscow Time is used to schedule trains (until 1 August 2018), ships, etc. throughout Russia, but air transport in Russia is scheduled using local time. Since 1 August 2018, Russian railways switched to using local time. Time in Russia is often announced throughout the country's other time zones on radio stations as Moscow Time, which is also registered in telegrams, etc. Descriptions of time zones in Russia are often based on Moscow Time rather than UTC; for example, Yakutsk (UTC+09:00) is said to be MSK+6 in Russia.
Londonderry Area C
Londonderry Area C, called Derry Area C from 1984, was one of the five district electoral areas in Derry, Northern Ireland which existed from 1973 to 1985. The district elected five members to Londonderry City Council, and formed part of the Londonderry constituencies for the Northern Ireland Assembly and UK Parliament.

It was created for the 1973 local elections, and contained the wards of Beechwood, Creggan Central, Creggan South, Crevagh and Westland. It was abolished for the 1985 local elections and replaced by the Cityside DEA.

Derry City Council
Derry City Council (Irish: Comhairle Cathrach Dhoire; Ulster-Scots: Derry Cittie Cooncil) was the local government authority for the city of Derry in Northern Ireland. It merged with Strabane District Council in April 2015 under local government reorganisation to become Derry and Strabane District Council.

The council provided services to nearly 108,000 people, making it the third-largest of the then 26 district councils in Northern Ireland by population. The council was made up of 30 councillors, elected every four years from five electoral areas and held its meetings in The Guildhall. The mayor for the final 2014–2015 term was Brenda Stevenson of the Social Democratic and Labour Party, with Gary Middleton of the Democratic Unionist Party serving as deputy mayor.
Legionnaire (video game)
Legionnaire is a computer wargame for Atari 8-bit computers created by Chris Crawford released through Avalon Hill in 1982. Recreating Julius Caesar's campaigns in a semi-historical setting, the player takes command of the Roman legions in real-time battles against the barbarians.

Computer wargame
A computer wargame is a wargame played on a digital device. Descended from board wargaming, it simulates military conflict at the tactical, operational or strategic level. Computer wargames are both sold commercially for recreational use and, in some cases, used for military purposes.
Gambella National Park
Gambella National Park, also spelled Gambela National Park, is a 5,016 km2 (1,937 sq mi) large national park in Ethiopia. It is the nation's largest national park and is located several hundred kilometers from Addis Ababa. It was established in 1974, but is not fully protected and has not been effectively managed for much of its history.

Nubian giraffe
The Nubian giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis or Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis), also known as Baringo giraffe or Ugandan giraffe, is the nominate subspecies or species of giraffe. It is found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, South Sudan and Sudan. It is currently extinct in the wild of the Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt and Eritrea. The Nubian giraffe used to be widespread in northeast Africa. The subspecies was listed as Critically Endangered by the IUCN in 2018 for the first time due to a 95% decline in the past three decades.
Feinberg School of Medicine
The Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, formerly Northwestern University Medical School from 1906 to 2002, is the medical school of Northwestern University and located in the Streeterville neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois, United States. Founded in 1859, Feinberg offers a full-time Doctor of Medicine degree program, multiple dual degree programs, graduate medical education, and continuing medical education.

Through clinical affiliates Northwestern Memorial Hospital, the Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and the Shirley Ryan AbilityLab (formerly Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago). Feinberg and its clinical affiliates are together an $11 billion academic medical enterprise. The school has about 4,830 faculty members.

Robert F. Furchgott
Robert Francis Furchgott (June 4, 1916 – May 19, 2009) was an American Nobel Prize winning biochemist who contributed to the discovery of nitric oxide as a transient cellular signal in mammalian systems.