hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shayne Hayne
Kevin John "Shayne" Hayne (born 31 October 1967 in Wellington, New South Wales,) is an Australian former rugby league referee. He officiated in the National Rugby League, City vs Country Origin, State of Origin series, All Stars Matches, the 2008 World Cup and the 2009, 2010, 2013 and 2014 NRL Grand Finals.

Group 21 Rugby League
Group 21 Rugby League is a local rugby league competition, run under the control of the Country Rugby League. It covers the Upper Hunter area of New South Wales, and has three divisions, first grade, reserves and Under 18s. For sponsorship reasons, it is known as the Bengalla Group 21 Competition.

The Scone Thoroughbreds have won the most titles, winning 36 titles, and are considered one of the most successful country rugby league teams.

In 2006, the Greta-Branxton Colts joined the competition.
Gimsøystraumen Bridge
The Gimsøystraumen Bridge (Norwegian: Gimsøystraumen bru / Gimsøybrua) is a cantilever road bridge that crosses the Gimsøystraumen strait between the islands of Austvågøya and Gimsøya in Vågan Municipality in Nordland county, Norway.

The concrete bridge is 839 metres (2,753 ft) long, the main span is 148 metres (486 ft), and the maximum clearance to the sea is 30 metres (98 ft). The bridge has 9 spans.  Gimsøystraumen Bridge was opened in 1980. It is one of many bridges that connect the islands of Lofoten to each other as part of the European route E10 highway.

Lofoten
Lofoten (English: /ˈloʊfoʊtən, loʊˈfoʊtən/ LOH-foh-tən, loh-FOH-tən, Norwegian: [ˈlùːfuːtn̩]; Lule Sami: Lufoahtta; Northern Sami: Lufuohttá) is an archipelago and a traditional district in the county of Nordland, Norway. Lofoten has distinctive scenery with dramatic mountains and peaks, open sea and sheltered bays, beaches, and untouched lands. There are two towns, Svolvær and Leknes — the latter is approximately 169 km (105 mi) north of the Arctic Circle and approximately 2,420 km (1,500 mi) away from the North Pole. The archipelago experiences one of the world's largest elevated temperature anomalies relative to its high latitude. As of 2017, the islands attract one million tourists each year.
Spain men's Olympic water polo team records and statistics
This article lists various water polo records and statistics in relation to the Spain men's national water polo team at the Summer Olympics.

The Spain men's national water polo team has participated in 18 of 27 official men's water polo tournaments.

Xavier García (water polo)
Xavier García Gadea (born 5 January 1984) is a Spanish-Croatian water polo player. He was a member of the Spain national team between 1999 and 2013, finishing in sixth place at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, fifth at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing and sixth again at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. In 2003, García, then playing for CN Barcelona-Noferthe, ended up in fifth place with the national side at the 2003 World Aquatics Championships in his home town of Barcelona.

Since 2010, García has played in Croatia. After being left out of the Spain national team in 2013, he obtained the Croatian citizenship in 2016 to be able to take part in the Rio Olympics, facing Spain in the group stage.
Guy Maxwell
Guy Maxwell (Seneca adopted name, Ta-ce-wa.ya.se; 15 July 1770, Ireland - 23 Feb 1814) was an Irish-born American pioneer. He was the first Internal Revenue Officer of the Elmira, New York region. He served as sheriff of Tioga County, Pennsylvania. He was the father and founder of the Maxwell family.

Tioga County, Pennsylvania
Tioga County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 41,045. Its county seat is Wellsboro. The county was created on March 26, 1804, from part of Lycoming County and later organized in 1812. It is named for the Tioga River. The county is part of the North Central Pennsylvania region of the state.
The Old Covered Bridge (Grandma Moses)
The Old Covered Bridge is a c. 1941 oil painting by the American outsider painter Grandma Moses, produced at age 81 and signed "Moses".
It has been in the collection of the Wadsworth Atheneum since 1957.

It shows the artist's impression of a horse-drawn sleigh coming through a covered bridge, with the flecks of mica spread on the snow to heighten the whiteness of the winter landscape.
This painting is a good example of the early small format winter landscapes that the artist sold along with her preserves at local fairs in the period before she became famous and began producing larger pictures. Though this painting was made too early to be included in her record book, page 18 in that book representing sales for the year 1943 showed that she priced her paintings by size: "a picture measuring 6 1/4 by 8 inches is listed as having been sold for $2; one measuring 11 1/2 by 13 3/4 inches brought $5; and one 23 by 26 3/4 inches brought $15."

Covered bridge
A covered bridge is a timber-truss bridge with a roof, decking, and siding, which in most covered bridges create an almost complete enclosure. The purpose of the covering is to protect the wooden structural members from the weather. Uncovered wooden bridges typically have a lifespan of only 20 years because of the effects of rain and sun, but a covered bridge can last over 100 years. In the United States, only about 1 in 10 survived the 20th century. The relatively small number of surviving bridges is due to deliberate replacement, neglect, and the high cost of restoration.

Surviving covered bridges often attract touristic attention due to their rarity, quaint appearance, and bucolic settings. Many are considered historic and have been the subject of historic preservation campaigns.
Particle size analysis
Particle size analysis, particle size measurement, or simply particle sizing, is the collective name of the technical procedures, or laboratory techniques which determines the size range, and/or the average, or mean size of the particles in a powder or liquid sample.

Particle size analysis is part of particle science, and it is generally carried out in particle technology laboratories.

The particle size measurement is typically achieved by means of devices, called Particle Size Analyzers (PSA), which are based on different technologies, such as high definition image processing, analysis of Brownian motion, gravitational settling of the particle and light scattering (Rayleigh and Mie scattering) of the particles.

The particle size can have considerable importance in a number of industries including the chemical, food, mining, forestry, agriculture, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, energy, and aggregate industries.

Powder
A powder is a dry solid composed of many very fine particles that may flow freely when shaken or tilted. Powders are a special sub-class of granular materials, although the terms powder and granular are sometimes used to distinguish separate classes of material. In particular, powders refer to those granular materials that have the finer grain sizes, and that therefore have a greater tendency to form clumps when flowing. Granulars refer to the coarser granular materials that do not tend to form clumps except when wet.
Atsushi Inaba
Atsushi Inaba (稲葉 敦志, Inaba Atsushi; born August 28, 1971) is a Japanese video game producer and businessman. He was the former CEO and producer of the Capcom subsidiary Clover Studio, who developed the games Viewtiful Joe, Ōkami, and God Hand. He is currently the head producer at the development division at PlatinumGames and the CEO since 2021, after years being vice-president in the company.

Capcom
Capcom Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社カプコン, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Kapukon) is a Japanese video game company. It has created a number of critically acclaimed and multi-million-selling game franchises, with its most commercially successful being Resident Evil, Monster Hunter, Street Fighter, Mega Man, Devil May Cry,  Dead Rising, Ace Attorney, Dragon's Dogma, and Marvel vs. Capcom. Established in 1979, it has become an international enterprise with subsidiaries in East Asia (Hong Kong), Europe (London, England), and North America (San Francisco, California).
Latina Nuclear Power Plant
Latina Nuclear Power Plant is a former nuclear power plant at Latina, Lazio, Italy. Consisting of one 153 MWe Magnox reactor, it operated from 1963 until 1987. A second reactor, the experimental CIRENE design, began construction at Latina in 1972 but it was not completed until 1988 and never operated.

C. A. Parsons and Company
C. A. Parsons and Company was a British engineering firm which was once one of the largest employers on Tyneside. The company merged with A. Reyrolle & Company to form Reyrolle Parsons in 1968, merged with Clarke Chapman to form Northern Engineering Industries in 1977, and became part of Rolls-Royce in 1989. Today the company is part of Siemens Energy.
Nina Güthner
Nina Güthner (1835–1905, née von Fuchs-Bimbach) was a German writer.

She was born at Schloss Bimbach or Bimbach Castle near Prichsenstadt in the Kingdom of Bavaria. She wrote a play that was staged at what is today known as the National Theatre Munich, and contributed to literary magazines.

National Theatre (Munich)
The National Theatre (German: Nationaltheater) on Max-Joseph-Platz in Munich, Germany, is a historic opera house, home of the Bavarian State Opera, Bavarian State Orchestra and the Bavarian State Ballet.

With 2,101 seats, the theatre is the country's largest opera house.
Robert Saucier
Robert Joseph Saucier (born March 10, 1955) is an American politician. He is a former member of the Maine House of Representatives for Presque Isle, ME, House District 147 of the 127th Maine Legislature. During his first two terms in office, Saucier served on both the Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry Committee and the Veterans and Legal Affairs Committee.

Army National Guard
The Army National Guard (ARNG) is an organized militia force and a federal military reserve force of the United States Army. It is simultaneously part of two different organizations: the Militia of the United States (consisting of the ARNG of each state, most territories, and Washington D.C.), as well as the federal ARNG, as part of the National Guard as a whole (which includes the Air National Guard). It is divided into subordinate units stationed in each state or insular area, responsible to their respective governors or other head-of-government.

The Guard's origins are usually traced to the city of Salem, Massachusetts, in 1636. That year a regiment of militia drilled for the first time to defend a multi-community area within what is now the United States.
Kurupath Radhakrishnan
Kurupath Radhakrishnan is an Indian neurologist and epileptologist, who has established R Madhavan Nayar Center for Comprehensive Epilepsy Care, (RMNC) at  Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST) Thiruvananthapuram, India. He  has contributed for the resurgence of epilepsy surgery in India during 1990s, after the decline in 1970s. He also served as the director of SCTIMST from 2009 - 2013. After his retirement he worked at the Department of Neurology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India; and at the Department of Neurology, Amrita Advanced Epilepsy Center, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Cochin, Kerala, India. Currently he is working as a senior Consultant, Department of Neurosciences, Avitis Institute of Medical Sciences, Nemmara, Palakkad, Kerala, India.

Manipal Academy of Higher Education
The Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE) is a private deemed university in the Udupi district of Karnataka, India. The school has campuses in Mangaluru, Bengaluru, and Jamshedpur in India, as well as global campuses in Dubai and Malaysia. Its sister universities are Manipal University Jaipur and Sikkim Manipal University, all managed by the Manipal Education and Medical Group (MEMG).
Hathor 26
Hathor 25 – Coptic calendar – Hathor 27

The twenty-sixth day of the Coptic month of Hathor, the third month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to November 22, of the Julian calendar, and December 5, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Peret, the season of emergence. This day falls in the Nativity Fast.

Coptic calendar
The Coptic calendar, also called the Alexandrian calendar, is a liturgical calendar used by the farming populace in Egypt and used by the Coptic Orthodox and Coptic Catholic churches. It was used for fiscal purposes in Egypt until the adoption of the Gregorian calendar on 11 September 1875 (1st Thout 1592 AM). Like the Julian calendar (and unlike the international Gregorian calendar), the Coptic calendar has a leap year every four years invariably; it does not skip leap years three times every 400 years.
Nurbakhshi
Baha' al-Dawlah ibn Siraj al-Din Shah Qasim ibn Muhammad al-Husayni Nurbakhshi (also sometimes called Nuri rather than Nurbakhshi), was a 15–16th century Persian physician.

He obtained court favor in both Persia and Baghdad. He is known for one treatise, a medical compendium called Khulasat al-tajarib (The Summary of Experience) which he composed in 1501 in the village of Tarasht, which was near the town of Ray, present-day Tehran.

Tarasht
Tarasht is a very old neighborhood in west Tehran metropolis.

The neighborhood is bordered by Azadi Ave. in the south, Jenah Exp. in the west, Aryashahr neighborhood in the north, and Towhid neighborhood in the east. 
Sharif University of Technology, one of the leading universities in Iran is situated in this neighborhood. 
Azadi square is located at the south-west edge of Tarasht.

33°58′N 57°13′E﻿ / ﻿33.967°N 57.217°E﻿ / 33.967; 57.217
Lateral grey column
The lateral grey column (lateral column, lateral cornu, lateral horn of spinal cord, intermediolateral column) is one of the three grey columns of the spinal cord (which give the shape of a butterfly); the others being the anterior and posterior grey columns. The lateral grey column is primarily involved with activity in the sympathetic division of the autonomic motor system. It projects to the side as a triangular field in the thoracic and upper lumbar regions (specifically T1-L2) of the postero-lateral part of the anterior grey column.

Dendrite
A dendrite (from Greek δένδρον déndron, "tree") or dendron is a branched cytoplasmic process that extends from a nerve cell that propagates the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body, or soma, of the neuron from which the dendrites project. Electrical stimulation is transmitted onto dendrites by upstream neurons (usually via their axons) via synapses which are located at various points throughout the dendritic tree.

Dendrites play a critical role in integrating these synaptic inputs and in determining the extent to which action potentials are produced by the neuron.
English words of Greek origin
The Greek language has contributed to the English lexicon in five main ways:

vernacular borrowings, transmitted orally through Vulgar Latin directly into Old English, e.g., 'butter' (butere, from Latin butyrum < βούτυρον), or through French, e.g., 'ochre' (< ὠχρός);

learned borrowings from classical Greek texts, often via Latin, e.g., 'physics' (< Latin physica < τὰ φυσικά);

a few borrowings transmitted through other languages, notably Arabic scientific and philosophical writing, e.g., 'alchemy' (< χημεία);

direct borrowings from Modern Greek, e.g., 'ouzo' (ούζο);

neologisms (coinages) in post-classical Latin or modern languages using classical Greek roots, e.g., 'telephone' (< τῆλε + φωνή) or a mixture of Greek and other roots, e.g., 'television' (< Greek τῆλε + English vision < Latin visio); these are often shared among the modern European languages, including Modern Greek.

Of these, the neologisms are by far the most numerous.

Productivity (linguistics)
In linguistics, productivity is the degree to which speakers of a language use a particular grammatical process, especially in word formation. It compares grammatical processes that are in frequent use to less frequently used ones that tend towards lexicalization. Generally the test of productivity concerns identifying which grammatical forms would be used in the coining of new words: these will tend to only be converted to other forms using productive processes.
London 10,000
The London 10,000 is an annual road running event over 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) which takes place in late May in London, United Kingdom. Established in 2008, the race goes through the roads of St. James's Park and finishes on the mall by Buckingham Palace. VitalityHealth took over sponsorship in 2016 from the original sponsor Bupa.

It has become one of the most popular mass participation 10k runs in the United Kingdom. In 2008, over 12,500 runners took part, with 8372 recorded finishers for the 2009 event. It is managed by the same organisers as the London Marathon.

Mo Farah is a seven-time winner of the men's race and his course record of 27:44 minutes in 2010 was ratified as the British record for the 10K road distance. The women's record of 31:06 minutes was also set in 2010, by Kenya's Mary Keitany.

Vitality Health and Life Insurance
Vitality Health Limited is a United Kingdom-based company offering private health insurance and life insurance to the UK market. It is the UK's third-largest health insurer, behind Bupa and Axa, with 1.9 million members as of February 2025.

The company is a subsidiary of Discovery Limited, a South Africa-based financial services group listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE). As well as Vitality in the UK, Discovery Group has other subsidiaries in South Africa, the United States, China, Singapore, and Australia.
Nakskov
Nakskov is a market town on the island of Lolland in south Denmark. The town has a population of 12,200 (1 January 2025) and is the largest town on the island of Lolland. It is located in Lolland municipality in Region Sjælland.

Nakskov is situated on the western coast of the island of Lolland, one of the agriculturally richest of the Danish islands. It lies adjacent to the inner part of the Nakskov Fjord, an inlet from the Langeland Belt (Langelandsbælt) that runs between the islands of Lolland and Langeland. Nakskov Fjord is a wildlife reserve, known for its bird life. Nakskov is one of the most environmentally conscious and cleanest towns of Denmark. Technological and environmental enterprises have replaced the earlier heavy industries, and in recent years, local government has restored the town.

Region Zealand
Region Zealand (Danish: Region Sjælland) is an administrative region of Denmark. It is one of the five classified NUTS-2 statistical regions of Denmark. It was established on 1 January 2007 as part of the 2007 Danish Municipal Reform, which abolished the traditional counties ("amter"). The region incorporates the southernmost parts of the country, and encompasses an area of 7,223 km2 (2,789 sq mi).

Zealand will merge with the Capital Region of Denmark on 1 January 2027 to create the Region of Eastern Denmark.

The region shares the island of Sjælland (Zealand) with the neighbouring Capital Region of Copenhagen. The region also includes the islands of Lolland, Falster, and Møn. It incorporates the provinces of Østsjælland and Vest-og Sydsjælland, which consists of 17 municipalities. With a population of just over 0.85 million, it is the second least populated of the all the regions in Denmark. The largest city is Roskilde.
Liao Chiung-chih
Liao Chiung-chih (Chinese: 廖瓊枝; born 13 November 1935 in Keelung) is a well-known Taiwanese gezaixi performer of stage and television. She received a Golden Bell Award in 1990 for her work in television and her lifetime achievements were recognised with a National Cultural Award in 2008 and a National Cultural Heritage Preservation Award in 2012. In 2023, Liao received the Presidential Culture Award for cultural endeavors. She has also received the National Award for Arts and the Order of Brilliant Star with Grand Cordon.

National Cultural Award
The National Cultural Award (行政院文化獎) was established in 1980 by the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China in Taiwan. A lifetime achievement award, it is given to honour " those who have made special contributions to the maintenance or enhancement of culture, and is the highest honor for an individual in the cultural community." Winners of the prize include Huang Chun-ming, Lin Hwai-min, Wu Nien-jen, Hou Hsiao-hsien, Chen Hsi-huang (puppeteer) and Huang Hai-tai.
Bethesda system
The Bethesda system (TBS), officially called The Bethesda System for Reporting Cervical Cytology, is a system for reporting cervical or vaginal cytologic diagnoses, used for reporting Pap smear results.  It was introduced in 1988 and revised in 1991, 2001, and 2014. The name comes from the location (Bethesda, Maryland) of the conference, sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, that established the system.

Since 2010, the Bethesda system has been used for cytopathology of thyroid nodules, which is called The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC or BSRTC). Like TBS, it was the result of a conference sponsored by the NIH and is published in book editions (currently by Springer). Mentions of "the Bethesda system" without further specification usually refer to the cervical system, unless the thyroid context of a discussion is implicit.

Biopsy
A biopsy is a medical test commonly performed by a surgeon, an interventional radiologist, or an interventional cardiologist. The process involves the extraction of sample cells or tissues for examination to determine the presence or extent of a disease. The tissue is then fixed, dehydrated, embedded, sectioned, stained and mounted before it is generally examined under a microscope by a pathologist; it may also be analyzed chemically. When an entire lump or suspicious area is removed, the procedure is called an excisional biopsy. An incisional biopsy or core biopsy samples a portion of the abnormal tissue without attempting to remove the entire lesion or tumor. When a sample of tissue or fluid is removed with a needle in such a way that cells are removed without preserving the histological architecture of the tissue cells, the procedure is called a needle aspiration biopsy. Biopsies are most commonly performed for insight into possible cancerous or inflammatory conditions.
CATS (software)
CATS (Computer Aided Transcription System) is an EDA software for mask data preparation (MDP) in integrated circuit design and manufacturing.

CATS receives tape out data output from the integrated circuit physical design step, most commonly in GDSII format, processes it, and converts into data that control the fabrication of photomasks used to manufacture the designed IC. CATS software tools generate photomask layers from input design layers and allow users to inspect the input and output data and verify  its accuracy.

Originally it was developed by Transcription Enterprises, Ltd, acquired by Numerical Technologies, Inc. (2000). At the moment of acquisition, it was an industry standard for MDP operations, such as mask fracturing and  mask inspection, with about 95% of market share. In its turn, Numeritech was acquired by Synopsys, Inc. (2003).

Electronic design automation
Electronic design automation (EDA), also referred to as electronic computer-aided design (ECAD), is a category of software tools for designing electronic systems such as integrated circuits and printed circuit boards. The tools work together in a design flow that chip designers use to design and analyze entire semiconductor chips. Since a modern semiconductor chip can have billions of components, EDA tools are essential for their design. A complete set of technologies are integrated in EDA tools, which have been expanded to software, hardware and design methodologies (such as through design services),  this article in particular describes EDA specifically with respect to integrated circuits (ICs).