hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ulmus parvifolia 'Blizzard'
The Chinese elm cultivar Ulmus parvifolia 'Blizzard' arose in 2001 from a sport mutation on a tree growing in the Louisville Gardens, Kentucky. It was cloned at the Mast Arboretum of the Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, Texas  Archived 2010-06-03 at the Wayback Machine.

Ulmus parvifolia
Ulmus parvifolia, commonly known as the Chinese elm or lacebark elm, is a species native to eastern Asia, including China, India, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, Siberia, and Kazakhstan. It has been described as "one of the most splendid elms, having the poise of a graceful Nothofagus".
Friedrich Krebs (organ builder)
Friedrich Krebs (died 1493) was an early German organ builder. He was born in Schalkhausen, a small village near Ansbach, and worked in Franconia from about 1471. He was one of several important German organ builders of the time who contributed to the transition from the gothic Blockwerk organ to organs with several divisions and independent stops. He also extended the range of keyboards and pedalboards from B to f" to F to a" (manuals) and from A to a to F to c' (pedals). Churches he provided instruments for include the following:

St. Sebaldus, Nuremberg (small organ in 1471, restoration of the large organ originally by Heinrich Traxdorf in 1481)

St. Martin, Amberg (1476)

Moritzkirche, Coburg (1487)

Strasbourg Cathedral, Strasbourg (small organ in 1478, large organ in 1491)

St. George's Church, Haguenau (1493, completed by Krebs' nephew Michael Dürr)

He died in Strasbourg.

Heinrich Traxdorf
Heinrich Traxdorf (Drassdorf, Drossdorf) (dates of birth and death unknown) was an early German organ builder. He was born in Mainz, probably in the beginning of the 15th century. During the 1440s he built three organs in Nuremberg (the large organ of St. Sebaldus Church, destroyed in 1945, and two small organs for the Frauenkirche) and one in Salzburg, for St. Peter's abbey church. Traxdorf was a progressive builder, one of the first to depart from the gothic organ model by dividing the Blockwerk into independent divisions, dividing the chests and separating the front stops into Flute (Principal) and Octave. The instruments had a single manual and pedal, whose ranges were B to d" (manual) and A to b (pedal).
2012 British Academy Television Awards
The 2012 British Academy Television Awards (formally known as the Arqiva British Academy Television Awards) were held on 27 May 2012 at the Royal Festival Hall in London.
The nominees were announced on 24 April 2012. Rolf Harris was awarded the BAFTA Fellowship, but this was annulled two years later following his conviction for sexual offences.

British Academy Television Awards
British Academy Television Awards, or the BAFTA TV Awards are presented in an annual award show hosted by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts. They have been awarded annually since 1955. The BAFTA TV Awards are recognised internationally as the highest honour in British and world television, equivalent to the BAFTA Film Awards for cinema, Laurence Olivier Awards for theatre, and the BRIT Awards for music. The BAFTA TV Awards are considered equivalent to the Emmy Awards.
Price support
In economics, a price support may be either a direct payment, a production quota, or a price floor, each with the intended effect of keeping the market price of a good higher than the competitive equilibrium level, usually by a government.

In the case of a price control, a price support refers to the minimum legal price a seller may charge, typically placed above equilibrium. It is the support of certain price levels at or above market values by the government.

A price support scheme can also be an agreement set in order by the government, where the government agrees to purchase surplus goods at a minimum price.  For example, if a price floor were set in place for agricultural wheat commodities, the government would be forced to purchase the resulting surplus from the wheat farmers (thereby subsidizing the farmers) and store or otherwise dispose of it.

Economic surplus
In mainstream economics, economic surplus, also known as total welfare or total social welfare or Marshallian surplus (after Alfred Marshall), is either of two related quantities:

Consumer surplus, or consumers' surplus, is the monetary gain obtained by consumers because they are able to purchase a product for a price that is less than the highest price that they would be willing to pay.

Producer surplus, or producers' surplus, is the amount that producers benefit by selling at a market price that is higher than the least that they would be willing to sell for; this is roughly equal to profit (since producers are not normally willing to sell at a loss and are normally indifferent to selling at a break-even price).

The sum of consumer and producer surplus is sometimes known as social surplus or total surplus; a decrease in that total from inefficiencies is called deadweight loss.
Fensham Reserve
Fensham Reserve is a protected native forest remnant in the Wairarapa region of the North Island of New Zealand, located north-west of Carterton. The area of the reserve is 48 ha (120 acres), mostly of primary forest, with 19 ha (47 acres) of regenerating forest and 3 ha (7.4 acres) of wetlands.: 2

Wairarapa
The Wairarapa (/ˌwaɪrəˈræpə/; Māori pronunciation: [ˈwaiɾaɾapa]) is a geographical region of New Zealand located in the south-eastern corner of the North Island, east of metropolitan Wellington and south-west of the Hawke's Bay Region. It is lightly populated, having several rural service towns, with Masterton being the largest. It is named after its largest lake, Lake Wairarapa.

The region is commonly referred to with a definite article, particularly when used after a preposition (e.g., locals will say they live "in the Wairarapa", and travel "to" and "from the Wairarapa").
41st AVN Awards
The 41st AVN Awards was a pornography awards ceremony recognizing the best actresses, actors, directors, and films in the adult industry in 2023. The 41st edition of the ceremony, which began in 1984, encompassed over 130 categories involving content creation, production, retail and web/tech forums in the adult industry. The ceremony was held at the Resorts World Theatre at Resorts World Las Vegas on January 27, 2024, as part of the AVN Adult Entertainment Expo, and streamed on Adult Video News' AVN.com.

Resorts World Theatre
Resorts World Theatre is a theatre on the grounds of Resorts World Las Vegas in Winchester, Nevada. Since opening in December 2021, the venue primarily hosts concert residencies, and it has the capacity to host conventions and sporting events.
Astor Theatre, Surat
Astor Theatre is a heritage-listed cinema at 77 Burrowes Street, Surat, Maranoa Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1925 to 1960s. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 27 September 2002.

Maranoa Region
Maranoa Region is a local government area in South West Queensland, Australia. The town of Roma is the administrative headquarters of the region.

In the 2021 census, the Maranoa Region had a population of 12,825 people.
HD 155035
HD 155035 is a star in the constellation Ara, the Altar. It is located at a distance of approximately 1,450 light-years (450 parsecs) from Earth and has an apparent visual magnitude of 5.92, making it is faintly visible to the naked eye. This is a red giant star with a stellar classification of M1.5 III.

The Hipparcos data revealed that HD 155035 is a variable star. It was given its variable star designation, V854 Arae, in 1999. It's an irregular variable that changes brightness over an amplitude range of 0.12 magnitudes.

Ara (constellation)
Ara (Latin for "the Altar") is a southern constellation between Scorpius, Telescopium, Triangulum Australe, and Norma. Under its Greek name Βωμός, Bōmǒs, it was one of the 48 classical constellations described by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, and it remains one of the 88 modern constellations designated by the International Astronomical Union.

The orange supergiant Beta Arae is the brightest star in Ara, with a near-constant apparent magnitude of 2.85, and is marginally brighter than the blue-white Alpha Arae. Seven star systems are known to host planets. Sunlike Mu Arae hosts four known planets. Gliese 676 is a (gravity-paired) binary red dwarf system with four known planets.

The Milky Way crosses the northwestern part of Ara. Within the constellation is Westerlund 1, a super star cluster that contains the red supergiant Westerlund 1-26, one of the largest stars known.
Matching, Essex
Matching is a village and civil parish in the Epping Forest district of Essex, England. It lies 3 miles (5 km) east of Harlow's modern town centre and 2 miles (3 km) from Old Harlow. As well as the small village of Matching itself, the parish includes numerous other settlements, including Matching Green and Matching Tye. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 959.

Henry Selwin-Ibbetson, 1st Baron Rookwood
Henry John Selwin-Ibbetson, 1st Baron Rookwood, PC (26 September 1826 – 15 January 1902), known as Sir Henry Selwin-Ibbetson, Bt, from 1869 to 1892, was a British Conservative politician. He served under Benjamin Disraeli as Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department between 1874 and 1878 and as Financial Secretary to the Treasury between 1878 and 1880.
Langewal
Langewal is a village in Shahkot in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from Shahkot, 24 kilometres (15 mi) from Nakodar, 48 kilometres (30 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 178 kilometres (111 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Shahkot, India
Shahkot is a small city and one of the five tehsils of Jalandhar district in Punjab, India. Shahkot is situated on Jalandhar-Moga-Barnala-Sirsa National Highway 703 (Old NH 71). Shahkot is administered by the Municipal Committee. About 176 villages belong to Shahkot tehsil.
Kilbarchan railway station
Kilbarchan railway station was a railway station serving the village of Kilbarchan, Renfrewshire, Scotland. The station was part of the Dalry and North Johnstone Line on the Glasgow and South Western Railway.

Dalry and North Johnstone Line
The Dalry and North Johnstone Line (also known as the Lochwinnoch Loop Line or Kilbarchan Loop Line) was a branch of the Glasgow and South Western Railway (G&SWR) in Renfrewshire and Ayrshire, Scotland, connecting the stations in Elderslie and Dalry via a route running parallel to the existing line built by the Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock and Ayr Railway. This provided additional line capacity for Ayrshire Coast and Kilmarnock services. The loop line was used for passenger services until the mid-1960s, when it was closed by the Beeching Axe. The majority of the line's trackbed has since been absorbed into the Sustrans National Cycle Network.
Boxford, Suffolk
Boxford is a village and civil parish in the Babergh district of Suffolk, England. Located around six miles east of Sudbury straddling the River Box and skirted by the Holbrook. The parish includes the hamlets of Calais Street, Hagmore Green and Stone Street. In 2021 the built-up area had a population of 833. In 2021 the parish had a population of 1403. The parish borders Assington, Edwardstone, Groton, Kersey, Newton and Polstead. There are 87 listed buildings in Boxford. Boxford became a conservation area in 1973.

Babergh District
52°02′53″N 0°56′53″E﻿ / ﻿52.048°N 0.948°E﻿ / 52.048; 0.948

Babergh District (pronounced /ˈbeɪbə/, BAY-bə) is a local government district in Suffolk, England. In 2021 it had a population of 92,300. The district is primarily a rural area, containing just two towns, Sudbury and Hadleigh. The council was based in Hadleigh until 2017, when it moved to shared offices with neighbouring Mid Suffolk District Council in Ipswich, outside either district. The district is named after the medieval Babergh Hundred, which covered part of the area.

The district includes parts of two designated Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty, Dedham Vale, known for its association with painter John Constable, and Suffolk Coast and Heaths.

The neighbouring districts are East Suffolk, Ipswich, Mid Suffolk, West Suffolk, Braintree, Colchester and Tendring.
Kurhessenbahn
The Kassel-based Kurhessenbahn (KHB) is the first of six regional networks to be created by Deutsche Bahn AG as part of its middle class offensive. It forms a unit that is formally split into DB RegioNetz Verkehrs GmbH and DB RegioNetz Infrastruktur GmbH in order to comply with the legal requirements after separation of network and operations.

The aim is to maintain low capacity utilisation by changing the organisational structure and local activities in the long term.

Stadler GTW
The Stadler GTW (German: Gelenktriebwagen, lit. 'articulated railcar') is an articulated railcar for local transport made by Stadler Rail of Switzerland. The vehicles can be built for metre, standard and Iberian gauges and can use diesel or electric power supply. Variants have also been produced for use on rack railways. Until 2011, 551 units had been sold and GTW vehicles are in use in Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Slovakia, Switzerland and the United States.
Outline of the British Armed Forces at the end of the Cold War
The following is a hierarchical outline for the British Armed Forces at the end of the Cold War. It is intended to convey the connections and relationships between units and formations.

In 1989 the British Armed Forces had a peacetime strength of 311,600 men, and defence expenditures were 4.09% of GDP. The strength of the Royal Navy in 1989 was 65,500; that of the British Army: 152,800; and that of the Royal Air Force 93,300.

Defence CBRN Centre
The Defence Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Centre (the Defence CBRN Centre or DCBRNC for short) is a United Kingdom military facility at Winterbourne Gunner in Wiltshire, south of Porton Down and about 4 miles (6 km) north-east of Salisbury. It is a tri-service location, with the Army being the lead service. The centre is responsible for all training issues relating to chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) defence and warfare for the UK's armed forces.

It is also the home of the National Ambulance Resilience Unit's Training & Education Centre which, among other things, is responsible for training the NHS ambulance service's Hazardous Area Response Teams (HART).
Automóvil Panamericano
Automóvil Panamericano or simply Automóvil (Spanish for "Panamerican automobile") is a Mexican automotive enthusiast magazine first published in 1995. It ranked as the ninth most read magazine in Mexico, and the most read Spanish language automotive magazine in the world.

Critical testing, motor sports and buyers guidance have been a regular since its founding.

Audi A3
The Audi A3 is a small family car (C-segment) manufactured and marketed by the German automaker Audi AG since September 1996.

The first two generations of the Audi A3 were based on the Volkswagen Group A platform, while the third and fourth generations use the Volkswagen Group MQB platform.
1951–52 Michigan Wolverines men's ice hockey season
The 1951–52 Michigan Wolverines men's ice hockey team represented the University of Michigan in college ice hockey. In its eighth year under head coach Vic Heyliger, the team compiled a 22–4–0 record, outscored opponents 161 to 70, and won the 1952 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.  The season was the second consecutive in which the Michigan hockey team won the NCAA championship.

1952 NCAA men's ice hockey tournament
The 1952 NCAA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the culmination of the 1951–52 NCAA men's ice hockey season, the fifth such tournament in NCAA history. It was held between March 13 and 15, 1952, and concluded with Michigan defeating Colorado College 4-1. All games were played at the Broadmoor Ice Palace in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

This was the first tournament to include teams that played in a conference. The MCHL had been created before the start of the season and through both of the conference representatives had appeared in the tournament previously both were independent. The Tri-State League also sent its first representative to the tournament after the conference began play the year before.
San Luis Peak
San Luis Peak is a high summit in the San Juan Mountains, a range in the Rocky Mountains of North America.  The prominent 14,020-foot (4273.36 m) fourteener is located in the Gunnison National Forest portion of the La Garita Wilderness in Saguache County approximately 10 miles (16 km) north of Creede. It is situated rather far to the east of the other fourteeners in the San Juans, and has more of a wilderness setting than many of the others.

San Luis Peak is a relatively straightforward climb, with two hiking routes to the summit. The Northeast Ridge route begins at the Stewart Creek Trailhead and is 13.5 mi (21.7 km) round trip. The South Ridge route begins at the West Willow Creek Trailhead north of Creede. This route is almost entirely above treeline and is 12.3 mi (19.8 km) round trip.

Creede, Colorado
Creede is the statutory town that is the county seat of Mineral County, Colorado, United States. It is the most populous community and the only incorporated municipality within the county. The town population was 257 at the 2020 United States census.
Little Totham
Little Totham is a village in the Maldon District of Essex, England. The parish extends from the extensive common and heath-land of Tiptree down to the River Blackwater. The village lies about 6 miles 10 km) from Maldon and 5 miles (8 km) from Tiptree and lies on the back road between Goldhanger and the Maldon to Colchester road. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 424.

Most of the population live on the edge of the parish adjoining Tolleshunt Major and centred on the main road running through the village past The Swan public house and children's play area. The rest of the parish is agricultural.

Maldon District
Maldon District is a local government district in Essex, England. The district is managed by Maldon District Council, which is based in Maldon, the largest town in the district. The district also includes the town of Burnham-on-Crouch and numerous villages, including Heybridge, Wickham Bishops, Southminster, Tolleshunt D'Arcy and Tollesbury. The district covers the Dengie peninsula to the south of Maldon and the Thurstable Hundred area to the north of the Blackwater Estuary, a total area of 358.78 km2.

The majority of people live in the small rural villages, many of which have their origins in connections with the coast or agricultural economy. The district has a long association with sailing, as is referenced in the council's logo.
Hog Hoggidy Hog
Hog Hoggidy Hog was a band from Cape Town, South Africa. The band blended a mixture of punk, ska and many other influences, including traditional African music to create an original sound, sometimes referred to as Porkrock. The band was active within the South African music scene from 1995 to 2015. They toured the European circuit from 2005 until 2015. They were one of the longest standing live acts in South Africa and are often regarded as the best band that ever came out from South Africa for their intensely original music. They are credited as being the frontrunners and founders of the SA punk scene and are sometimes also referred to as the godfathers of punk in SA, regularly cited as being the first punks in SA to have mohawks and dreadlocks. They have also had a profound impact on South African alternative music influencing bands from The Rudimentals, Half Price to Fokofpolisiekar.

The Rudimentals
The Rudimentals are a nine-piece ska/reggae band from Cape Town, South Africa. The band's releases include two CDs, More Fire and Set It Proper, and a live DVD/CD combo of the 2007 Kirstenbosch Botanical Gardens Concert. More recently a new 5-song EP, Blaze Up The Fire was also released in November 2014, and a single track Bubbling for radio in February 2015. The band was previously signed to the United Kingdom-based Moon Ska World distribution label. The group is one of a handful of Cape Town reggae-influenced bands, and has been described as a South African institution in tourist guides and on websites.
Guilt trip
A guilt trip is the experience of guilt due to another person's communication that leads to the emotional response. Guilt tripping, causing a guilt trip, is a form of emotional blackmail that is often intended to manipulate a person by preying on their feelings of guilt or responsibility. It is considered by many to be a toxic behavior that affects a person's well-being and relationships.

There are limited studies examining the guilt trip, mostly focused on parent–child relationships. George K. Simon interprets the guilt trip as a special kind of intimidation tactic. A manipulator suggests to the conscientious victim that they do not care enough, are too selfish or has it easy. This usually results in the victim feeling bad, keeping them in a self-doubting, anxious and submissive position. Some consider guilt tripping a person to be a form of punishment for a perceived transgression.

Guilt (emotion)
Guilt is a moral emotion that occurs when a person believes or realizes—accurately or not—that they have compromised their own standards of conduct or have violated universal moral standards and bear significant responsibility for that violation. Feeling guilty is unpleasant for people while they experience it, but it can prompt positive, pro-social efforts to restore relationships and make amends.

When understood as a collection of basic emotions, guilt is composed of self-directed anger, sadness for the victim, anxiety, and fear (e.g., of damaging or losing relationships with individuals and society). Guilt is closely related to the concepts of remorse, regret, and shame.

Guilt is an important factor in perpetuating obsessive–compulsive disorder symptoms.
Mobile Life Centre
The Mobile Life Centre at Stockholm University in Kista, Sweden, conducts research in mobile services and ubiquitous computing. The centre focuses on researching consumer-oriented mobile and ubiquitous services, spanning all areas from entertainment and socialisation to work and society. The centre joins forces with local research organisations such as SICS and The Interactive Institute. It has major partners from the IT and telecom industries, including Ericsson Research, TeliaSonera, Sony Ericsson, and Microsoft Research. Partnerships in the public sector include Stockholm Municipality and Kista Science City. The Mobile Life Centre is one of the 19 VINN Excellence Centres selected by Vinnova (the Swedish Government Agency for Innovation Systems).

Research Institutes of Sweden
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden AB (RISE) is a Swedish state-owned research institute that collaborates with universities, industry and the public sector.

RISE performs industry research and innovation, as well as testing and certification. According to the research proposition of the Swedish government, the overall objective for RISE is to be internationally competitive and work for sustainable growth in Sweden by strengthening industry competitiveness and renewal.

Rise is also associated with Enterprise Europe Network.

RISE operates in more than 25 cities all over Sweden and also has facilities in Denmark, Norway, Great Britain, France and Belgium. In 2019, RISE had a turnover of 3,57 billion SEK.

In January 2021, RISE had approximately 2,800 employees over six organisational divisions:

Bioeconomy and Health

Built Environment

Digital systems

Materials and Production

Life Science

Safety and Transport