hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Näverlapp
The näverlapp ("birch bark patch") is a very primitive Swedish folk instrument consisting of a thin piece of birch bark, two or three centimeters square.  This piece, which has a rounded top, is placed between the lip and the lower teeth; when a thin stream of breath is blown over the piece of bark, it produces a clear, strong tone akin to a clarinet but with less range (about one and a half octaves).  As the patch of birch becomes soaked with saliva, which it does after a few minutes, it begins to sound worse and worse.

Birch bark
Birch bark or birchbark is the bark of several Eurasian and North American birch trees of the genus Betula.

For all practical purposes, birch bark's main layers are the outer dense layer, white on the outside, and the inner porous layer (cambium). For vast majority of crafts, the outer bark is used. In many languages it has a separate name. For example, in Russian "birch bark" is "beryozovaya kora", while the outer birch bark is ""beresta" or "beryosta".

The strong and water-resistant cardboard-like outer bark can be easily cut, bent, and sewn, which has made it a valuable building, crafting, and writing material, since pre-historic times. Today, birch bark remains a popular type of wood for various handicrafts and arts.

Birch bark also contains substances of medicinal and chemical interest. Some of those products (such as betulin) also have fungicidal properties that help preserve bark artifacts, as well as food preserved in bark containers.
Yangiyoʻl District
Yangiyoʻl is a district of Tashkent Region in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at the city Yangiyoʻl, itself not part of the district. It has an area of 420 km2 (160 sq mi) and it had 209,900 inhabitants in 2021. The district consists of 5 urban-type settlements (Gulbahor, Boʻzsuv, Nov, Kirsadoq, Qovunchi) and 8 rural communities (Yoʻgʻontepa, Halqobod, Xonqoʻrgʻon, Navbahor, Niyozbosh, Qoʻsh yogʻoch, Shoʻralisoy, Eski Qovunchi).

Tashkent Region
Tashkent Region (Uzbek: Toshkent viloyati, Тошкент вилояти; Russian: Ташкентская область) is a viloyat (region) of Uzbekistan, located in the northeastern part of the country, between the Syr Darya River and the Tien Shan Mountains. It borders Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Sirdaryo Region and Namangan Region, as well as the city of Tashkent which is a region in its own right, forming an enclave entirely encircled by the territory of Tashkent Region. It covers an area of 15,250 km². The population is estimated 2,975,900 (2021). Its capital is the city of Nurafshon. Other cities are Angren, Olmaliq, Ohangaron, Bekabad, Chirchiq, Gʻazalkent, Keles, Parkent, Yangiabad, and Yangiyoʻl.
Egnatia Street, Thessaloniki
Egnatia Street (Greek: Οδός Εγνατίας) is the main commercial street in downtown Thessaloniki. The road is named for the Roman-era Via Egnatia which passed near the city.  Lined with shops and office buildings, it is one of the busiest streets of Thessaloniki.

Via Egnatia
The Via Egnatia was a road constructed by the Romans in the 2nd century BC. It crossed Illyricum, Macedonia, and Thracia, running through territory that is now part of modern Albania, North Macedonia, Greece, and European Turkey as a continuation of the Via Appia.

Starting at Dyrrachium (now Durrës) on the Adriatic Sea, the road followed a difficult route along the river Genusus (Shkumbin), over the Candaviae (Jablanica) mountains and thence to the highlands around Lake Ohrid. It then turned by parts south, following several high mountain passes to reach the northern coastline of the Aegean Sea at Thessalonica. From there it ran through Thrace to the city of Byzantium (later Constantinople, now Istanbul). It covered a total distance of about 1,120 km (696 miles/746 Roman miles). Like other major Roman roads, it was about six metres (19.6 ft) wide, paved with large polygonal stone slabs or covered with a hard layer of sand.
Springfield Central railway station
Springfield Central Railway Station is the terminus station of the Springfield Line in Queensland, Australia. It serves Springfield Central (the central suburb of Greater Springfield) and other nearby suburbs in the City of Ipswich. Brisbane-bound services depart half-hourly during off-peak times, with most travelling to Kippa-Ring. The station was opened in December 2013 after the line was extended from Richlands.

Greater Springfield, Queensland
Greater Springfield is a private development undertaken by the Springfield City Group and one of the fastest-growing developments in Australia; it is located in Ipswich, in the south-west of the Brisbane metropolitan area in Queensland, Australia. It is the first privately built city in Australia and the country’s largest master planned community (tenth largest globally), encompassing 2,860 hectares (7067 acres).

In 2021, the population of Greater Springfield was estimated around 47,000, with a projection to grow to 105,000 residents by 2030. Community development is managed and coordinated by Springfield City Group. The plan is to have a group of suburbs with the population of Darwin by 2030.

In 2019, Springfield City Group was inducted into the Queensland Business Leaders Hall of Fame in recognition of their visionary entrepreneurship in establishing Springfield, as a nation-building project and Australia's first privately-constructed city.
Jovanni Straffon
Jovanni Straffon (born 12 September 1993) is a Mexican former professional boxer. He held the IBO lightweight title from 1 May 2021, when he defeated James Tennyson by first round technical knockout at Manchester Arena in Manchester, England, until 4 September 2021, when he lost in his first defense to Maxi Hughes via unanimous decision at Headingley Rugby Stadium in Leeds, England.

Headingley Rugby Stadium
Headingley Rugby Stadium (known as AMT Headingley Rugby Stadium due to sponsorship) is a rugby league stadium in Headingley, Leeds and shares the same site as Headingley Cricket Ground. It is the home ground of the Leeds Rhinos, and is the fifth largest rugby league stadium in England.
Tony Ordeñana
Antonio Ordeñana Rodríguez [Or-deh-nyahna] (October 30, 1918 – September 29, 1988), nicknamed "Mosquito", was a Major League Baseball shortstop who appeared in one game for the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1943.  The 5'9", 158 lb. rookie was a native of Guanabacoa, Cuba. He was born on October 30, 1918, in Guanabacoa, Havana, Cuba.

Ordeñana is one of many ballplayers who only appeared in the major leagues during World War II.  His major league debut was on October 3, 1943, and he was in the starting lineup at home against the Philadelphia Phillies for the last game of the season.  The Pirates lost the game 11–3, but Ordeñana went 2-for-4 and drove in all three runs against starter and winner Roger McKee.  Ordeñana truly was a "one-game wonder"...excellent in the field as well as with the bat.  He recorded two putouts, five assists, no errors, and participated in one double play.

Ordeñana died at the age of 69 in Miami, Florida.

Double play
In baseball and softball, a double play (denoted as DP in baseball statistics) is the act of making two outs during the same continuous play. Double plays can occur any time there is at least one baserunner and fewer than two outs.

In Major League Baseball (MLB), the double play is defined in the Official Rules in the Definitions of Terms, and for the official scorer in Rule 9.11. During the 2023 Major League Baseball season, teams completed an average 132 double plays per 162 games played during the regular season.
Meikit, ketjut ja vyöt
Meikit, ketjut ja vyöt (Make-up, Necklaces and Belts) is the second studio album by Finnish pop rock singer-songwriter Maija Vilkkumaa. Released by Warner Music in Finland physically on 9 April 2001, and digitally on 16 June 2008, the album debuted at number one on the Finnish Albums Chart, maintaining the peak three weeks and spending 26 weeks on the chart. Meikit, ketjut ja vyöt has sold over 36,000 copies to date in Finland, which has granted it a platinum certification.

Laura Ingalls Wilder
Laura Elizabeth Ingalls Wilder (February 7, 1867 – February 10, 1957) was an American writer, teacher, and journalist. She is best known as the author of the children's book series Little House on the Prairie, published between 1932 and 1943, which was based on her childhood in a settler and pioneer family.
Catalufa
Catalufa is the common name for three species of fish belonging to the family Priacanthidae:

Heteropriacanthus cruentatus

Priacanthus arenatus

Pristigenys serrula - the popeye catalufa

The word catalufa is also used in several Caribbean countries as the Spanish or French language common name for a number of other Priacanthidae species.  The French-speaking islands of Martinique and Guadeloupe also refer to the species Rhomboplites aurorubens (family Lutjanidae) as a catalufa.

Catalufas are also commonly called "bigeyes" (the common name for all Priacanthidae).

Priacanthus arenatus
Priacanthus arenatus, the  toro or Atlantic bigeye, is a species of marine ray finned fish, a bigeye in the family Priacanthidae. Some anglers refer to this fish as "toro snapper", but it is not a snapper, and only distantly related to the fish of the snapper family. It is found across much of the Atlantic Ocean.
Hilmar Myhra
Hilmar Arnold Myhra (4 June 1915 – 13 April 2013) was a Norwegian ski jumper who competed before World War II. He won the opening competition of the hill Vikersundbakken in February 1936, and held the hill record of 85 meters for a few years. It was broken by Arnholdt Kongsgård in 1946.

He also won a bronze medal in the individual large hill at the 1938 Nordic World Ski Championships in Lahti, and finished sixth in the same event at the 1939 Nordic World Ski Championships in Zakopane. Myhra also won the ski jumping event at the Holmenkollen ski festival in 1940, the last winner of the event before Norway would be invaded by Germany during World War II. He also became Norwegian champion that year.

Besides skiing Myhra also played association football, during the summer, and a head injury sustained in a football match in August 1945 ended his sporting career.

Holmenkollen Ski Festival
The Holmenkollen Ski Festival (Norwegian: Holmenkollen skifestival or Holmenkollrennene) is a traditional annual Nordic skiing event in Holmenkollen, Oslo, Norway. The full official name of the event is Holmenkollen FIS World Cup Nordic.
MBridge
mBridge (a.k.a. Multiple CBDC Bridge) is a multiple central bank digital currency platform developed to support real-time, peer-to-peer, cross-border payments and foreign exchange transactions using CBDCs. Based on a blockchain called the mBridge Ledger, the platform is designed to ensure compliance with jurisdiction-specific policy and legal requirements, regulations, and governance needs.

Currently five entities are jointly developing mBridge. They include the Hong Kong Monetary Authority, the Bank of Thailand, the Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates, the Digital Currency Research Institute of the People's Bank of China, and the BIS Innovation Hub Hong Kong Centre. The Saudi Central Bank joined in June 2024.

Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates
The Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates (Arabic: مصرف الإمارات العربية المتحدة المركزي) (Central Bank of the UAE or CBUAE) is the state institution responsible for managing the currency, monetary policy, banking and insurance regulation in the United Arab Emirates.
Frederick Parker-Rhodes
Arthur Frederick Parker-Rhodes (21 November 1914 – 2 March 1987) was an English linguist, plant pathologist, computer scientist, mathematician, mystic, and mycologist, who also introduced original theories in physics.

Computational linguistics
Computational linguistics is an interdisciplinary field concerned with the computational modelling of natural language, as well as the study of appropriate computational approaches to linguistic questions. In general, computational linguistics draws upon linguistics, computer science, artificial intelligence, mathematics, logic, philosophy, cognitive science, cognitive psychology, psycholinguistics, anthropology and neuroscience, among others. Computational linguistics is closely related to mathematical linguistics.
Hell's Kitchen Thailand
Hell's Kitchen Thailand (Thai: เฮลล์คิทเช่นไทยแลนด์) is a Thai cooking reality competition television series based on the British series of the same name. To find the winner to be the head of the kitchen in a real restaurant, Heliconia H Group purchased the rights from ITV Studios. It's hosted by Chef Willment Leong, Chef Kwantip "Pom" Devakula, Chef Ian Kittichai, and Chef Natawoot "Off" Thammaphan. It first aired on 4 February 2024, on Channel 7 HD.

ITV Studios
ITV Studios Limited is a British multinational television media company owned by British television broadcaster ITV plc. It handles production and distribution of programmes broadcast on the ITV network and third-party broadcasters, and is based in 12 countries across 60 production labels, with local production offices in the UK, the US, Belgium, Australia, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy, Israel, France, Spain, and Scandinavia.
Un inviato molto speciale
Un inviato molto speciale (translated: A Very Special Correspondent) is an Italian comedy television series aired in Italy from September 15 to October 27, 1992 on Rai 2. The series is set in Bari and Rome; it also moves in Africa in the penultimate episode. It revolves around the adventures of Damiano Tarantella, a RAI special correspondent. The main actor is Lino Banfi.

Rai 2
Rai 2 is an Italian free-to-air television channel owned and operated by state-owned public broadcaster RAI – Radiotelevisione italiana. It is the company's second television channel, and is known for broadcasting TG2 news bulletins, talk shows, reality television, drama series, sitcoms, cartoons and infotainment. In the 1980s it was known for its political affiliation to the Italian Socialist Party, it has shifted recently its focus towards the youth, including in its schedule reality shows, entertainment, TV series, news, knowledge and sports.

The second television channel in Italy, it was launched on 4 November 1961, seven years after RAI's first channel was launched on 3 January 1954. The channel was initially referred to as "Secondo Programma". It received other names, such as "Rete 2" and "Rai Due" until it adopted its current name "Rai 2". It is a direct competitor to Mediaset's Italia 1. It is also a state-owned channel like Rai 1.
Alison Hammond
Alison Hammond (born 5 February 1975) is a British television presenter, media personality, and actress. She came to prominence in 2002 as a contestant on the third series of the reality show Big Brother. She has since become a presenter and reporter on ITV's This Morning. In 2023, Hammond became a co-presenter on the Channel 4 reality baking competition The Great British Bake Off alongside Noel Fielding. The following year, she began presenting the ITV reality show For the Love of Dogs.

Hammond has appeared as a contestant on reality shows, including I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (2010), Celebrity Coach Trip (2012), Strictly Come Dancing (2014), Celebrity Masterchef (2014), and I Can See Your Voice (2021–2022). As an actress, she has appeared in Palace Hill (1988–1990), Doctors (2002), and The Dumping Ground (2016).

Big Star's Little Star
Big Star's Little Star is a British game show that began on ITV on 4 September 2013 and is presented by Stephen Mulhern. The show sees three celebrity contestants and their children or grandchildren answering questions about each other to win up to £15,000 for a charity of their choice.
Pysht River
The Pysht River (/ˈpɪʃt/ PISHT) is a stream in the U.S. state of Washington. It originates near Ellis Mountain in the northern Olympic Mountains on the Olympic Peninsula and flows generally north, emptying into the Strait of Juan de Fuca. The Pysht and nearby Hoko River are the two largest streams flowing into the southwestern portion of the Strait of Juan de Fuca. The watershed of the Pysht River drains a region of industrial forest lands; 98% of the watershed is zoned commercial forestry and the remainder rural. Nearly all of the forests have been logged at least once and most trees are less than thirty years old. The upper portions of the watershed, which feature steep gradients, are owned by the United States Forest Service. The lower reaches, with low gradients, are largely owned by two industrial forest owners.

The name of the Pysht River comes from the Klallam (Salishan) pəšc̕t, perhaps meaning "against the wind or current".

Klallam language
Klallam, also known as Clallam, Ns'Klallam or S'klallam (endonym: nəxʷsƛ̕ay̕əmúcən, /nxʷst͡ɬʼajˀˈmut͡sn/), is a Straits Salishan language historically spoken by the Klallam people at Beecher Bay on Vancouver Island in British Columbia and across the Strait of Juan de Fuca on the north coast of the Olympic Peninsula in Washington. The last native speaker of Klallam as a first language died in 2014,  but there is a growing group of speakers of Klallam as a second language.

Klallam is closely related to the Northern Straits Salish dialects, Sooke, Lekwungen, Saanich, Lummi, and Samish but the languages are not mutually intelligible. There were several dialects of Klallam, including Elwha Klallam, Becher Bay Klallam, Jamestown S'Klallam and Little Boston S'Klallam.
BI 224436
BI 224436 was an investigational new drug under development for the treatment of HIV infection.  BI 224436 is the first non-catalytic site integrase inhibitor (NCINI).  It inhibits HIV replication via binding to a conserved allosteric pocket of the HIV integrase enzyme.  This makes the drug distinct in its mechanism of action compared to raltegravir and elvitegravir, which bind at the catalytic site. In October 2011, Gilead Sciences purchased exclusive rights to develop BI 224436 and several related compounds under investigation in Boehringer Ingelheim’s noncatalytic site integrase inhibitor program.

Clinical trials were abandoned in advance of Phase 1.

Investigational New Drug
The United States Food and Drug Administration's Investigational New Drug (IND) program is the means by which a pharmaceutical company obtains permission to start human clinical trials and to ship an experimental drug across state lines (usually to clinical investigators) before a marketing application for the drug has been approved. Regulations are primarily at 21 CFR 312. Similar procedures are followed in the European Union, Japan, and Canada due to regulatory harmonization efforts by the International Council for Harmonisation.
Aghanliss
Aghanliss is a townland in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is situated in the historic barony of Massereene Upper and the civil parish of Ballinderry and covers an area of 341 acres

The population of the townland decreased during the 19th century:

Barony (county division)
A barony is an administrative division of a county in Scotland, Ireland, outlying parts of England and historically France and Sardinia. As a barony is associated to a Baron and a county to a Count or Earl, it has a lower rank and importance than a county.
Burlinka
Burlinka (Russian: Бурлинка) is a rural locality (a selo) in Partizansky Selsoviet, Burlinsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 41 as of 2011. It was founded in 1908. There are 2 streets.

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
Tragiscoschema nigroscriptum
Tragiscoschema nigroscriptum is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Léon Fairmaire in 1897.

Its type locality is Tabora, Tanzania.

It is a minor pest of the cotton plant in Tanzania.

Tabora
Tabora is the capital of Tanzania's Tabora Region and is classified as a municipality by the Tanzanian government. It is also the administrative seat of Tabora Urban District. According to the 2012 census, the district had a population of 226,999.
Sovereign Princess 24
The Sovereign Princess 24 is an American trailerable sailboat that was designed by Arthur Edmunds as a cruiser and first built in 1981.

Like the Sovereign 23 family of boats and the Sovereign 7.0, the Sovereign Princess 24 is a development of Edmunds' S2 7.0 design, using the same hull molds, with a new deck design.

Arthur Edmunds
Arthur Edmunds (May 18, 1933 – July 21, 2005) was an American naval architect, credited with designing 29 sailboats as well as other boats of various types and forms. He is recognized as a top naval architect in the US. Edmunds's best known production sailboat was the Allied Princess 36.
Armand Schaefer
Armand Schaefer (5 August 1898 – 26 September 1967) was a Canadian film producer and director. He produced more than 100 films between 1932 and 1953. He also directed 24 films between 1931 and 1946. He was born in Tavistock, Ontario, Canada. From 1955 to 1956, he joined Gene Autry as co-executive producers of the Dickie Jones western television series Buffalo Bill, Jr.

Buffalo Bill, Jr.
Buffalo Bill, Jr. is a half-hour Western television series that aired in syndication starting in March 1955. The last new episode was broadcast in September 1956. The series was produced by Gene Autry's Flying A Productions, and distributed by CBS Television Film Sales. The 42 episodes continued to be leased and broadcast via individual stations until at least 1961. In 1964, the ABC network began airing the series on Saturday mornings at 9:30 am.
NOV Inc.
NOV Inc., formerly National Oilwell Varco, is an American multinational corporation based in Houston, Texas. It is a worldwide provider of equipment and components used in oil and gas drilling and production operations, oilfield services, and supply chain integration services to the upstream oil and gas industry. The company conducts operations in more than 500 locations across six continents, operating through two reporting segments: Energy Equipment and Energy Products and Services.

Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence of high heat and pressure in the Earth's crust.

Reservoirs are broadly classified as conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In conventional reservoirs, the naturally occurring hydrocarbons, such as crude oil (petroleum) or natural gas, are trapped by overlying rock formations with lower permeability, while in unconventional reservoirs the rocks have high porosity and low permeability, which keeps the hydrocarbons trapped in place, therefore not requiring a cap rock. Reservoirs are found using hydrocarbon exploration methods.