hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pankevychivka
Pankevychivka (Ukrainian: Панькевичі́вка) was Ukrainian phonetic etymological orthography compiled in 1922 by Ivan Pankevych for schools in Carpathian Ruthenia on the basis of Maksymovychivka.

Pankevych's principles were approved in 1920 at the Congress of Transcarpathian Teachers, and later set out in the Grammar of the Ruthenian Language (Mukachevo, 1922). The main principle of this system is to take into account local traditions, in particular:

preservation ѣ: єѣ, тоѣ, синьоѣ; тѣ, добрѣ;

dialectal features of phonetics (phonology) — ы: ты, сынъ, мыло;

different reflexes /ɔ/ in the new closed syllable — і, ÿ, у, denoted by the letter о̂.

Pankevychivka existed until 1945 and was replaced by the all-Ukrainian orthography.

Phonemic orthography
A phonemic orthography is an orthography in which the graphemes correspond consistently to the language's phonemes, or more generally to the language's diaphonemes. Phonemic orthographies have the highest possible level of orthographic depth, as they have exact grapheme to phoneme correspondence.

For a systemic analysis of the phoneme/grapheme correspondence, Petr Sgall distinguishes two conditions, both of which are to be satisfied for a phonemic orthography:

in any context, a given grapheme is pronounced as the same phoneme ("uniqueness of pronunciation")

in any context, a given phoneme is written with the same grapheme ("uniqueness of spelling")
Dzaïr TV
Dzaïr TV (Arabic: دزاير تي في) was an Arabic-language satellite television channel broadcasting from Hydra. Dzaïr TV was set up by an Algerian businessman Ali Haddad was a number of Arab intellectuals from Algeria and the Arab World.

Hydra, Algiers
Hydra (Arabic: حيدرة, ḥaydara, pronounced [ˈħajdara]) is a commune in the province of Algiers, Algeria. It is located in Bir Mourad Raïs district, in the plateau of western Algiers, the wealthier part of the national capital. It was heavily affected during the 11 December 2007 Algiers bombings.

The head office of the Ministry of Religious Affairs is in Hydra.
Tibetan National Football Association
The Tibetan National Football Association was founded in 2001, soon after the authorization was delivered by the Kashag (the Tibet Cabinet), and registration under Indian law. Jetsun Pema, the sister of the 14th Dalai Lama is the president of the association, Thupten Dorjee the secretary, and Kalsang Dhondup the executive secretary. The association is now organizing the Gyalyum Chenmo Memorial Gold Cup GCMGC football tournament which existed already in the 1980s. In 2003, the 17th Karmapa was the chief guest on the first day of the tournament which took place at the Tibetan Children's Village in Dharamsala.
Mr. Shrikant Baldi, Deputy Commissioner of Kangra, was the chief guest in 2004 for the  tournament. The 13th GCMGC, took place in 2007, and the chief guest was Khenchen Menling Tri Rinpoche of Mendroling Monastery. The 14th took place in 2008, and the chief guest was Khyabje Ling Rinpoche.

In 2025, they participated in All India Governor's Cup in Gangtok, Sikkim.

Ogyen Trinley Dorje
Ogyen Trinley Dorje (Tibetan: ཨོ་རྒྱན་འཕྲིན་ལས་རྡོ་རྗེ།, Wylie: O-rgyan 'Phrin-las Rdo-rje, Chinese: 鄔金欽列多傑; born 26 June 1985), also written as Urgyen Trinley Dorje (Wylie: U-rgyan 'Phrin-las Rdo-rje) is a claimant to the title of 17th Karmapa.

The Karmapa is head of the Karma Kagyu school, one of the four main schools of Tibetan Buddhism. Ogyen Trinley Dorje and Thaye Dorje are the persisting claimants to that office and title.
Pomacentrus grammorhynchus
Pomacentrus grammorhynchus, the Bluespot damselfish, is a damselfish species described by Henry Weed Fowler in 1918. Pomacentrus grammorhynchus is part of the genus Pomacentrus and the family Pomacentridae.

Pomacentridae
Pomacentridae is a family of ray-finned fish, comprising the damselfishes and clownfishes. This family were formerly placed in the order Perciformes or as indeterminate percomorphs, but are now considered basal blenniiforms.
They are primarily marine, while a few species inhabit freshwater and brackish environments (e.g., Neopomacentrus aquadulcis, N. taeniurus, Pomacentrus taeniometopon, Stegastes otophorus). They are noted for their hardy constitutions and territoriality.  Many are brightly colored, so they are popular in aquaria.
Juan Bautista Sancho
Joan Batista Sanxo, or Juan Bautista Sancho, (Artà, Majorca, Spain, 1772 or 1776 — Mission San Antonio de Padua, California, 1830) was a composer and scholar. He brought to California some of the first samples of 18th-century European music, including sacred plainchant, sacred polyphony, as well as opera excerpts and instrumental arrangements with basso continuo. In 1803, he arrived in Mexico from his native Majorca and, in 1804, he settled in Mission San Antonio, where he remained until his death in 1830. He co-wrote a curious Interrogatorio, reporting on the conditions of the natives, their social customs, their local flora, and even their music. He also compiled vocabularies of several of their languages. As a composer, his Misa en Sol and Misa de los Angeles are among his best works.

Basso continuo
Basso continuo is a harmonic musical structure, almost universal in the Baroque era (1600–1750), that generally consisted of a bassline and a chord progression. The phrase is often shortened to continuo, and the instrumentalists playing the continuo part are called the continuo group.
Suzanne Hoyt
Suzanne Kate Hoyt (1934–2010) was an American equestrian and rancher. Hoyt won her first equestrian award at age five. During her equestrian career, she won several other titles and qualified for the Olympics. In 1950, she captured three blue ribbons and the hunter seat championship at the Rock Spring Horse Show. That September, she also earned an award for horsemanship at an event run by the New Jersey chapter of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.

Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
A Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA) is a common name for non-profit animal welfare organizations around the world. The oldest SPCA organization is the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, which was founded in England in 1824. SPCA organizations operate independently of each other, campaign for animal welfare, and assist in the prevention of cruelty to animals cases.
Center Township, Saunders County, Nebraska
Center Township is one of twenty-four townships in Saunders County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 741 at the 2020 census. A 2021 estimate placed the township's population at 764.

The Village of Colon lies within the Township.

Colon, Nebraska
Colon is a village in Saunders County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 107 at the 2020 census. Amenities include a post office and bank branch. Colon is seven miles north of the county seat Wahoo.
Waverley Province
Waverley Province was an electorate of the Victorian Legislative Council. It existed as a two-member electorate from 1976 to 2006, with members holding alternating eight-year terms. It was a marginal seat for its entire existence, often changing parties according to who held government at the time. It was abolished from the 2006 state election in the wake of the Bracks Labor government's reform of the Legislative Council.

It was located in the south-east suburbs of Melbourne. In 2002, when it was last contested, it covered an area of 107km2 and included the suburbs of Carnegie, Clayton, Glen Waverley, Mount Waverley, Mulgrave, Noble Park, Oakleigh and Springvale.

Springvale, Victoria
Springvale (Boonwurrung: Monite)  is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 22 km (14 mi) south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Greater Dandenong local government area. Springvale recorded a population of 22,174 at the 2021 census.

Springvale is a large suburb occupying 11.2 km2 (4.3 sq mi), bounded by Westall Road to the west, Princes Highway and Police Road to the north, the Springvale Crematorium and Corrigan Road to the northeast, Heatherton Road to the south and Lawn Road to the southeast. Springvale is linked to the Melbourne CBD by Monash Freeway via the Ferntree Gully Road exit to the suburb's northwest.
Outgassing
Outgassing (sometimes called offgassing, particularly when in reference to indoor air quality) is the release of a gas that was dissolved, trapped, frozen, or absorbed in some material. Outgassing can include sublimation and evaporation (which are phase transitions of a substance into a gas), as well as desorption, seepage from cracks or internal volumes, and gaseous products of slow chemical reactions. Boiling is generally thought of as a separate phenomenon from outgassing because it consists of a phase transition of a liquid into a vapor of the same substance.

Freezing
Freezing is a phase transition in which a liquid turns into a solid when its temperature is lowered below its freezing point.

For most substances, the melting and freezing points are the same temperature; however, certain substances possess differing solid-liquid transition temperatures. For example, agar displays a hysteresis in its melting point and freezing point. It melts at 85 °C (185 °F) and solidifies from 32 to 40 °C (90 to 104 °F).
Kumarkhali M.N. Pilot Secondary School
Kumarkhali M.N. Pilot Secondary School (Bengali: কুমারখালী এম.এন. পাইলট মাধ্যমিক বিদ্যালয়) is an old secondary school located in Kumarkhali of Kushtia District. The school was established in 1856. In terms of antiquity, the school is notable not only in Kushtia district but also in the entire Nadia district.

Kushtia District
Kushtia District (Bengali: কুষ্টিয়া জেলা; pronounced [kuʃʈi̯a‿d͡ʒela] ⓘ) is a district in the Khulna administrative division of western Bangladesh. Kushtia is the second largest municipality in Bangladesh and the eleventh largest city in the country. Kushtia has existed as a separate district since the partition of India. Prior to that, Kushtia was name of a subdivision of Nadia district. Kushtia is the birthplace of many historical figures including Mir Mosharraf Hossain (1847–1912), Bagha Jatin (1879–1915) Akshay Kumar Maitreya(1861 – 1930) and Lalon (1774–1890). Nobel laureate poet Rabindranath Tagore lived his early life at Shelaidaha, a village in the district.
Konstantīns Visotskis
Konstantīns Visotskis (Russian: Константин Семёнович Высотский, 29 May 1864 – 6 January 1938) was a Russian and Latvian painter. He graduated from the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture in 1891 and exhibited at Moscow art exhibitions, including those of the Peredvizhniki. The main subjects of his work were nature and animals. After the 1917, revolution in Russia he emigrated to Riga. His work was part of the art competitions at the 1928 Summer Olympics, the 1932 Summer Olympics, and the 1936 Summer Olympics.

Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture
The Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture (Russian: Московское училище живописи, ваяния и зодчества, МУЖВЗ), also known by the acronym MUZHVZ, was one of the largest educational institutions in Russia. The school was formed by the 1865 merger of a private art college, established in Moscow in 1832, and the Palace School of Architecture, established in 1749 by Dmitry Ukhtomsky. By the end of the 19th-century, it vied with the state-run St. Petersburg Academy of Arts for the title of the largest art school in the country. In the 20th century, art and architecture separated again, into the Surikov Art Institute in Moscow (Russian: Московский Художественный Институт имени Сурикова) and the Moscow Architectural Institute (Russian: Московский Архитектурный Институт); the latter occupies the historical School buildings in Rozhdestvenka Street.
Anssi Jaakkola
Anssi Valtteri Jaakkola (born 13 March 1987) is a Finnish former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.  He is currently goalkeeping coach at Southend United.

Jaakkola was born in Kemi. He began his senior club career playing for TP-47 aged 17 in 2004, before signing with Serie A side Siena in 2007.

Jaakkola made his international debut for Finland in June 2011, at the age of 24. He was nominated for all 10 of Finland's UEFA Euro 2020 qualification matches but did not gain any appearances when Finland national team secured its first ever place in European Football Championship tournament's group stage.

Cape Town Spurs F.C.
Cape Town Spurs F.C. (formerly known as Ajax Cape Town) is a South African professional football club based in Parow in the city of Cape Town that plays in the National First Division. Dutch Eredivisie club AFC Ajax was their parent club and majority shareholder after a merger of both Cape Town Spurs and Seven Stars in January 1999 until selling its shares in September 2020. After the Ajax Amsterdam partnership ended the club resurrected the name Cape Town Spurs.

The club's motto of 'Our Youth Our Future' indicates the strong emphasis on youth development at Cape Town Spurs.
Judo at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 kg
The men's 100 kg competition in judo at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro was held on 11 August at the Carioca Arena 2.

The gold and silver medals were determined by a single-elimination tournament, with the winner of the final taking gold and the loser receiving silver.  Judo events awarded two bronze medals.  Quarterfinal losers competed in a repechage match for the right to face a semifinal loser for a bronze medal (that is, the judokas defeated in quarterfinals A and B competed against each other, with the winner of that match facing the semifinal loser from the other half of the bracket).

The medals for the competition were presented by Alex Gilady, Israel, member of the International Olympic Committee and the gifts were presented by Rovnag Adullayev, Azerbaijan Judo Federation president.

Carioca Arena 2
Carioca Arena 2 (Portuguese: Arena Carioca 2) is a technical education institution and indoor stadium in Barra da Tijuca in the west zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The venue hosted judo and wrestling at the 2016 Summer Olympics as well as boccia at the 2016 Summer Paralympics. As with a number of other venues in the Barra Olympic Park, Carioca Arena 2 was transformed after the games to become part of the Olympic Training Centre.

The arena has since been converted into a branch of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology. It serves 1400 students.
Honor Rolls of Baseball
The Honor Rolls of Baseball were established in 1946 by the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum's Permanent Committee to establish as a second level of induction designed to recognize non-playing contributors. The committee designed the Honor Rolls to commemorate managers, executives, umpires and sportswriters, as an addition to their regular vote of old-time players. Though sportswriter Henry Chadwick was elected in 1938, the Hall had not devised a plan to extend recognition to these contributors, and this was the first attempt.

On April 23, 1946, the Permanent Committee voted to induct 11 players into the Baseball Hall of Fame, along with 39 non-players into the Honor Rolls, separated into their respective category. This second-tier list consisted of five managers, 11 umpires, 11 executives and 12 sportswriters. No person has been inducted since, although nine people from the Honor Rolls have since been inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame.

Umpire (baseball)
In baseball, the umpire is the person charged with officiating the game, including beginning and ending the game, enforcing the rules of the game and the grounds, making judgment calls on plays, and handling disciplinary actions. The term is often shortened to the colloquial form ump. They are also sometimes nicknamed blue due to the traditional color of the uniform worn by umpires. Although games were often officiated by a sole umpire in the formative years of the sport, since the turn of the 20th century, officiating has been commonly divided among several umpires, who form the umpiring crew.  The position is analogous to that of a referee in many other sports.
Akiba Maid War
Akiba Maid War (Japanese: アキバ冥途戦争, Hepburn: Akiba Meido Sensō) is an original Japanese anime television series produced by Cygames and P.A. Works. It was directed by Sōichi Masui and written by Yoshihiro Hiki, and features character designs by Manabu Nii and music by Yoshihiro Ike. It aired from October to December 2022 on Tokyo MX, BS11, KBS Kyoto, and SUN. Sentai Filmworks licensed the series, and is available for streaming on Hidive. Crunchyroll streamed the series in Europe and India.

Sun Television
Sun Television Co., Ltd. (株式会社サンテレビジョン, Kabushiki-gaisha San Terebijon; SUN, Sun TV) is a commercial television station headquartered in Kobe, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, and a member of the Japanese Association of Independent Television Stations (JAITS).
Tiffany Yuen
Tiffany Yuen Ka-wai (Chinese: 袁嘉蔚; born 30 September 1993) is a Hong Kong activist and politician, who has been a member of the Southern District Council for Tin Wan since 2020. She was the vice chairperson of Demosistō before resigning from the party in 2018.
For her participation in the 2020 Hong Kong pro-democracy primaries, she was arrested in January 2021 along with over 50 other pro-democrats on national security charges. She received a four-year jail term, and was released in August 2025.

Tin Wan (constituency)
Tin Wan is one of the 17 constituencies in the Southern District, Hong Kong. The constituency returns one district councillor to the Southern District Council, with an election every four years.

Tin Wan constituency is loosely based on Tin Wan Estate and Hung Fuk Court in Aberdeen with estimated population of 16,716.
Secretary of State for Transport
The secretary of state for transport, also referred to as the transport secretary, is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, with overall responsibility for the policies of the Department for Transport. The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom.

The office holder works alongside the other transport ministers. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow secretary of state for transport, and the secretary of state is also scrutinised by the Transport Select Committee.

The position of secretary of state for transport is held by Heidi Alexander, who was appointed by Keir Starmer following the resignation of Louise Haigh.

Transport Select Committee
The Transport Select Committee is a select committee of the House of Commons in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The remit of the committee is to examine the expenditure, administration and policy of the Department for Transport and its associated public bodies. Its powers, like those of other select committees, are provided for under standing order 152 of the Standing Orders of the House of Commons and its membership is limited to 11 members.
2005 NCAA Skiing Championships
The 2005 NCAA Skiing Championships were contested at the Middlebury College Snow Bowl in Hancock, Vermont as part of the 52nd annual NCAA-sanctioned ski tournament to determine the individual and team national champions of men's and women's collegiate slalom and cross-country skiing in the United States.

Denver, coached by Kurt Smitz, won the team championship, the Pioneers' fourth co-ed title and seventeenth overall.

Slalom skiing
Slalom is an alpine skiing and alpine snowboarding discipline, involving skiing between poles or gates. These are spaced more closely than those in giant slalom, super giant slalom and downhill, necessitating quicker and shorter turns.  Internationally, the sport is contested at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships, and at the Olympic Winter Games.
Gov. Thomas Kirker Homestead
The Gov. Thomas Kirker Homestead, in Liberty Township, Adams County, Ohio near West Union, Ohio, was built in 1805.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

It is located southwest of West Union off State Route 136.

The original 1805-built portion of the house is a stone, three-bay by two-bay, one-and-a-half-story structure.

It was home of Thomas Kirker, an immigrant from Ireland who became Ohio's second governor during 1807–08.

The homestead was visited by Confederate soldiers raiding for horses, under John Hunt Morgan, but their quest was unsuccessful as the place had been warned of their approach.

West Union, Ohio
West Union is a village in Tiffin and Liberty townships, Adams County, Ohio, United States, about 55 miles (89 km) southeast of Cincinnati. The population was 3,004 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Adams County. West Union is served by West Union High School, the Adams County/Ohio Valley School District, and the West Union Public Library, a branch of the Adams County Public Library.
Emergency medical services in Italy
Emergency medical services in Italy currently consist primarily of a combination of volunteer organizations providing ambulance service, supplemented by physicians and nurses who perform all advanced life support (ALS) procedures. The emergency telephone number for emergency medical service in Italy is 118. Since 2017 it has also been possible to call by the European emergency number 112, although this is a general police/fire/medical number.

Italian Red Cross
The Italian Red Cross (IRC, Italian: Croce Rossa Italiana or CRI) is the Italian national Red Cross society. The Italian Red Cross was one of the original founding members of the International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies in 1919.
Qurqania
Qurqania (Arabic: قُورْقَانِيَا, romanized: Qūrqāniyā, also spelled Qurqanya or Korkania) is a town in Syria, administratively part of the Harem District of the Idlib Governorate. Qurqania is the administrative center of the Qurqania Subdistrict, which contained 13 localities with a collective population of 12,522 in 2004. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Qurqania itself had a population of 2,050 in the 2004 census.

Harem District
Harem District (Arabic: منطقة حارم, romanized: manṭiqat Ḥārim) is a district of the Idlib Governorate in northwestern Syria. The administrative centre is the city of Harem. At the 2004 census, it had a population of 175,482.
Frâncești
Frâncești is a commune located in Vâlcea County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of nine villages: Băluțoaia, Coșani, Dezrobiți, Frâncești, Genuneni, Mănăilești, Moșteni, Surpatele, and Viișoara.

The commune is situated in a hilly region, in the southern foothills of the Southern Carpathians, at an altitude of 236 m (774 ft). It lies on the banks of the river Bistrița and its left tributary, the Otăsău.

Frâncești is located in the central part of Vâlcea County, 24 km (15 mi) southwest of the county seat, Râmnicu Vâlcea. It is crossed by county road DJ646, which branches off the national road DN64 in the town of Băbeni, 6 km (3.7 mi) to the southeast.

The commune is known for two Romanian Orthodox monasteries — Mănăstirea Dintr-un Lemn and Surpatele Monastery — and for the churches in Genuneni and Viișoara.

Vâlcea County
Vâlcea County (also spelt Vîlcea; Romanian pronunciation: [ˈvɨlt͡ʃe̯a]) is a county (județ) that lies in south-central Romania. Located in the historical regions of Oltenia and Muntenia (which are separated by the Olt River), it is also part of the wider Wallachia region. Its capital city is Râmnicu Vâlcea.