hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arteriovenous nicking
Arteriovenous nicking, also known as AV nicking, is the phenomenon where, on examination of the eye, a small artery (arteriole) is seen crossing a small vein (venule), which results in the compression of the vein with bulging on either side of the crossing.  This is most commonly seen in eye disease caused by high blood pressure (hypertensive retinopathy).

It is thought that, since the arteriole and venule share a common sheath, the arteriole's thicker walls push against those of the venule forcing the venule to collapse.  This makes the venule form an hourglass shape around the arteriole.  Other theories suggest that this results not from compression from the arteriole but from sclerotic thickening or glial cell proliferation at the site where the two vessels cross.

Signs:

Gunn's sign - Tapering of veins

Bonnet sign- Banking of veins

Salus sign - Deflection of veins

Ophthalmoscopy
Ophthalmoscopy, (from Ancient Greek ὀφθαλμός (ophthalmós), meaning "eye", and σκοπέω (skopéō), meaning "to look") also called funduscopy, is a test that allows a health professional to see inside the fundus of the eye and other structures using an ophthalmoscope (or funduscope). It is done as part of an eye examination and may be done as part of a routine physical examination. It is crucial in determining the health of the retina, optic disc, and vitreous humor.

The pupil is a hole through which the eye's interior can be viewed. For better viewing, the pupil can be opened wider (dilated; mydriasis) before ophthalmoscopy using medicated eye drops (dilated fundus examination). However, undilated examination is more convenient (albeit not as comprehensive), and is the most common type in primary care.

An alternative or complement to ophthalmoscopy is to perform a fundus photography, where the image can be analysed later by a professional.
Igenoyama Kofun
Igenoyama Kofun (恵解山古墳)  is a Kofun period keyhole-shaped burial mound, located in the Shōryuji-Kugai neighborhood of Nagaokakyō, Kyoto in the Kansai region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1981, and was incorporated into the Otokuni Kofun Cluster in 2016.

Kansai region
The Kansai region (関西地方, Kansai Chihō; [kaꜜɰ̃.sai, kaɰ̃.sai tɕiꜜ.hoː] ⓘ) (also known as the Kinki region (近畿地方, Kinki Chihō; Japanese pronunciation: [kʲiꜜŋ.ki, kʲiŋ.ki̥ tɕiꜜ.hoː])) is a region of Japan that lies in the southern-central portion of Japan's main island, Honshū. The region consists of the prefectures of Hyōgo, Kyoto, Mie, Nara, Osaka, Shiga, and Wakayama.  Additionally, the prefectures of Fukui, Tokushima and Tottori are sometimes associated with Kansai.

Kansai is the second-most populated region of Japan (after Kantō), and contains the metropolitan region of Osaka, Kobe and Kyoto (Keihanshin region), which is the second-most populated metropolitan region in Japan (after the Greater Tokyo Area).
Teja Belak
Teja Belak (born 22 April 1994) is a Slovenian artistic gymnast. She represented Slovenia at the 2016 Olympic Games and is the 2019 European Games champion on vault.  She primarily competes on the FIG World Cup circuit.

Osijek
Osijek (Croatian pronunciation: [ôsijeːk] ⓘ) is the largest city and the economic and cultural hub of the eastern Croatian region of Slavonia, as well as the administrative seat of Osijek-Baranja County. It is the fourth-largest city in Croatia, with a population of 96,313 recorded in the 2021 census. The city is situated on the southern bank of the Drava River, 25 km (16 mi) upstream from its confluence with the Danube, at an elevation of 94 m (308 ft). Osijek is located 16 km (10 mi) west of the Croatia–Serbia border.
Ednaston Manor
Ednaston Manor is a country house in Ednaston, near Brailsford, Derbyshire, England. It was built in 1912–19 in a Queen Anne style by Edwin Lutyens, for William G. Player. It is a Grade I listed building.

It was bought by free newspaper pioneer and former Derby County chairman Lionel Pickering in 1979. He improved the extensive gardens, which were open to the public during the summer, then sold the house to a local businessman shortly before his death in 2006.

Lionel Pickering
Lionel Victor Pickering  (4 December 1931 – 2 September 2006) was an English businessman, best known as the owner of Derby County F.C. between 1991 and 2003. A self-made millionaire, he previously built up a free local newspaper business, making his fortune primarily from the advertising revenue it generated.
Teodora Danti
Teodora Danti (c.1498–c.1573) was a painter and writer from Perugia, Italy. Described as spirited and virtuous, she was never married nor had children. She was the aunt of famed Florentine Mannerist sculptor Vincenzo Danti, yet goes unmentioned in an epitaph of the Danti family written by her nephew Ignazio Danti. With the exception of her brief biography by Perugian writer Lione Pascoli in 1732, Danti continues to be ignored as an artist and painter, possibly because there are currently no known paintings by or portraits of her, nor have any of her writings been identified.

Only mention about her (except in her father’s "De sphaera mundi" translation in Italian) is an entry in Lione Pascoli’s Vite de Pittori, Scultori, ed Architetti Perugini (Lives of Perugian Painters, Sculptors and Architects) (1732).

De sphaera mundi
De sphaera mundi (Latin title meaning On the Sphere of the World, sometimes rendered The Sphere of the Cosmos; the Latin title is also given as Tractatus de sphaera, Textus de sphaera, or simply De sphaera) is a medieval introduction to the basic elements of astronomy written by Johannes de Sacrobosco (John of Holywood) c. 1230. Based heavily on Ptolemy's Almagest, and drawing additional ideas from Islamic astronomy, it was one of the most influential works of pre-Copernican astronomy in Europe.
Snow Magic Fantasy
"Snow Magic Fantasy" (スノーマジックファンタジー) is a single by Japanese rock band Sekai no Owari. It was released on January 22, 2014. It debuted in number one on the weekly Oricon Singles Chart and also reached number one on the Billboard Japan Hot 100, where it stayed for two consecutive weeks.

Sekai no Owari
Sekai no Owari (literally translated, "End of the World";  stylized in all caps) is a Japanese pop band from Tokyo. The band was formed in 2005 and has four members: Nakajin, Fukase, Saori, and DJ Love.

Since their debut, they have released 7 albums and various singles as well as featuring in their own documentary film Tokyo Fantasy. The band has performed at Nissan Stadium, Japan's largest concert venue, and are currently considered to be one of the biggest music acts from Japan. The band members have also produced and written content for several Japanese singers and groups, and lead vocalist Fukase has inspired a synthesized Vocaloid character of himself, known as Fukase.

The band has collaborated with other artists such as DNCE, Owl City, Nicky Romero, Epik High, Steve Aoki, Marieme, Niki, Clean Bandit, Gabrielle Aplin, Haywyre and Aloe Blacc.
2019 Fingal County Council election
An election to all 40 seats on Fingal County Council was held on 24 May 2019 as part of 2019 Irish local elections. Fingal was divided into 7 local electoral areas (LEAs) to elect councillors for a five-year term of office on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

Fingal
Fingal (English:  /ˈfɪŋɡɔːl/ FING-gawl; from Irish Fine Gall, meaning 'foreign tribe') is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and is part of the Eastern and Midland Region. It is one of three successor counties to County Dublin, which was disestablished for administrative purposes in 1994. Its name is derived from the medieval territory of Scandinavian foreigners (Irish: gaill) that settled in the area. Fingal County Council is the local authority for the county. In 2022 the population of the county was 330,506, making it the second most populated council in Dublin and the third most populous county in the state.
Fatma Aliye Topuz
Fatma Aliye Topuz (pronunciationⓘ; 9 October 1862 – 13 July 1936), often known simply as Fatma Aliye or Fatma Aliye Hanım, was a Turkish novelist, columnist, essayist, women's rights activist and humanitarian. Although there was an earlier published novel by the Turkish female author Zafer Hanım in 1877, since that one remained her only novel, Fatma Aliye Hanım with her five novels is credited by literary circles as the first female novelist in Turkish literature and the Islamic world.

Columnist
A columnist is a person who writes for publication in a series, creating an article that usually offers commentary and opinions. Columns appear in newspapers, magazines and other publications, including blogs. They take the form of a short essay by a specific writer who offers a personal point of view. Columns are sometimes written by a composite or a team, appearing under a pseudonym, or (in effect) a brand name. Columnists typically write daily or weekly columns. Some columns are later collected and reprinted in book form.
Pankaj Patel (politician)
Pankaj Patel (born 20 January 1990) is an Indian politician from Uttar Pradesh. He is a member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Mungra Badshahpur Assembly constituency in Jaunpur district. He won the 2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election representing the Samajwadi Party.

2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
Legislative Assembly elections were held in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh from 10 February to 7 March 2022 in seven phases to elect all 403 members for the 18th Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly. The votes were counted and the results were declared on 10 March 2022.
N-455 National Highway
The N-455 or National Highway 455 (Urdu: قومی شاہراہ ۴۵۵) is a national highway in Pakistan which extends from Larkana to Shahdadkot in Sindh province. Its total length is 50 km and is maintained by the National Highway Authority.

Larkana
Larkana (Sindhi: لاڙڪانو‎, romanized: lāṛkāṇō; Urdu: لاڑکانہ, romanized: lāṛkāna) is a city located in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It is the 15th largest city of Pakistan by population. It is home to the Indus Valley civilization site Mohenjo-daro. The historic Indus River flows in east and south of the city.

The city is located within Larkana District. Formerly known as Chandka, Larkana is located on the south bank of the Ghar canal, about 40 miles (64 km) south of the town Shikarpur, and 36 miles (58 km) northeast of Mehar. With a population of 551,716 in the 2023 Census of Pakistan, it is the 4th most populated city of Sindh province (after Karachi, Hyderabad, and Sukkur), and the 19th most populated city in PAKISTAN.
SAT-3/WASC
SAT-3/WASC or South Atlantic 3/West Africa Submarine Cable is a submarine communications cable linking Portugal and Spain to South Africa, with connections to several West African countries along the route.

It forms part of the SAT-3/WASC/SAFE cable system, where the SAFE cable links South Africa to Asia. The SAT-3/WASC/SAFE system provides a path between Asia and Europe for telecommunications traffic that is an alternative to the cable routes that pass through the Middle East, such as SEA-ME-WE 3 and FLAG. SAT-3 has a capacity of 340 Gbit/s while SAFE has a capacity of 440 Gbit/s. The SAT-3 system together with SAFE was built by a consortium of operators .

Data-rate units
In telecommunications, data rate units are commonly multiples of bits per second (bit/s) and bytes per second (B/s). For example, the data rates of modern residential high-speed Internet connections are commonly expressed in megabits per second (Mbit/s).
They are used as units of measurement for expressing data transfer rate, the average number of bits (bit rate), characters or symbols (symbol rate), or data blocks per unit time passing through a communication link in a data-transmission system.
Mohns
Mohns is the surname of:

Arthur Mohns (1896-?), German footballer

Doug Mohns (1933-2014), Canadian National Hockey League player

Greg Mohns (1950-2012), executive and coach in the Canadian Football League

Lloyd Mohns (1921-2005), Canadian who played in one National Hockey League game

Lloyd Mohns
Lloyd Warren Mohns (July 31, 1921 – January 24, 2005) was a Canadian ice hockey defenceman. He played one game in the National Hockey League with the New York Rangers during the 1943–44 season, on January 9, 1944, against the Montreal Canadiens. From 1942 to 1948, the remainder of his career was spent playing in the minor and senior leagues.
Laurence Schache
Laurence Schache (/ˈʃæki/ SHAK-ee; 17 October 1967 – 5 October 2002) was an Australian rules footballer, playing in the Australian Football League (AFL) with the Brisbane Bears and the South Australian National Football League (SANFL) with Sturt, West Torrens and Woodville-West Torrens.

Woodville-West Torrens Football Club
Woodville-West Torrens Football Club is an Australian rules football club playing in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). The club was formed in 1990 from a merger of the neighbouring Woodville and West Torrens football clubs and played its inaugural game in 1991.  Since 1993, the Eagles have played most of their home games at Woodville's home ground of Woodville Oval, having previously used Football Park.
Gabriel Mmole
Gabriel Mmole (1939 – 15 May 2019) was a Tanzanian Roman Catholic prelate. Born in Nangoo, Mmole was ordained to the priesthood in 1971. He was appointed Bishop of Mtwara in 1988 and served until Pope Francis accepted his resignation on 15 October 2015 and named Titus Joseph Mdoe to succeed him.

Mmole died following a long illness on 15 May 2019 in Mtwara, at the age of 80.

Mtwara
Mtwara (Portuguese: Montewara) is the capital city of Mtwara Region in southeastern Tanzania. In the 1940s, it was planned and constructed as the export facility for the disastrous Tanganyika groundnut scheme, but was somewhat neglected when the scheme was abandoned in 1951. The city is spread out over a large area planned to accommodate up to 200,000 people. The present population is around 141,000. As part of the development associated with the failed Tanganyika groundnut scheme, Mtwara features a deep-water port that can accommodate ocean-going vessels, and a range of large municipal buildings, including a post office. Recent improvements in the port made it possible for big container ships to berth there.
Deubré
Dubraé is a generic term, originating at Nike, Inc. and dating from the mid 1990s, for an ornamental shoelace tag, most commonly seen on sneakers.  Typically, a dubraé will have two holes through which a shoelace is threaded, like a bead on string. When the shoe is laced, the dubraé is centered between the first two eyelets (closest to the toe), with the shoelace passing through and behind the dubraé.

A dubraé is typically made of metal, plastic, or leather, and may often be decorated with text or a commercial logo.  It is distinguished from a bead in that it is non-tubular; it has two points of entry/exit for the shoelace, as a belt or webbing may pass through a buckle.  Although primarily decorative in purpose, one could argue a dubraé is also functional in that once threaded to the midpoint of a shoelace, it assists in centering the shoelace in the shoe, although few dubraé and shoelace combinations will necessarily provide enough friction to hold the dubraé in place while lacing.

Webbing
Webbing is a strong fabric woven as a flat strip or tube of varying width and fibres, often used in place of rope. It is a versatile component used in climbing, slacklining, furniture manufacturing, automobile safety, auto racing, towing, parachuting, military apparel, load securing, and many other fields.

It may be made of hemp, cotton or linen, but also synthetic fibers such as nylon, polypropylene or polyester. Webbing is also made from exceptionally high-strength material, such as Dyneema, and Kevlar. Webbing is both light and strong, with breaking strengths readily available in excess of 10,000 pounds-force (44 kilonewtons).

There are two basic constructions of webbing. Flat webbing is a solid weave, with seat belts and most backpack straps being common examples. Tubular webbing consists of a flattened tube, and is commonly used in climbing and industrial applications.
Short-track speed skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's 1500 metres
The men's 1500 metres in short track speed skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics was held on 10 February 2014 at the Iceberg Skating Palace in Sochi, Russia.

The qualifying heats, semifinal, and the final were held on 10 February.

The defending Olympic Champion was Lee Jung-su of South Korea, while the defending World Champion was Sin Da-woon also of South Korea.

2013 World Short Track Speed Skating Championships
The 2013 World Short Track Speed Skating Championships took place from 8 to 10 March 2013 at the Főnix Hall in Debrecen, Hungary. They were the 38th World Short Track Speed Skating Championships and the first to be held in Hungary.
Mikhail Panin
Mikhail Viktorovich Panin (Russian: Михаил Викторович Панин; born January 15, 1961) is a retired Soviet ice hockey center and Russian ice hockey coach. He was the head coach for Barys Astana during 2006–07 season. During his career he played for Torpedo Ust-Kamenogorsk, CSKA Moscow, SKA Leningrad, Krylya Sovetov Moscow and PEV Weißwasser. He also was a member of the Soviet Union national junior ice hockey team.

Lausitzer Füchse
The Lausitzer Füchse (literally Lusatian Foxes; Upper Sorbian: Łužiske liški) is an ice hockey team based in Weißwasser, Saxony. They currently play in DEL2, the second level of ice hockey in Germany. Prior to the 2013–14 season they played in the 2nd Bundesliga. The Weißwasser U23 team, ES Weißwasser, currently plays in the Regionalliga East.
1922 UCI Road World Championships
The 1922 UCI Road World Championships was the second edition of the UCI Road World Championships, the annual world championships for road bicycle racing. The championships took place in Liverpool, United Kingdom on Thursday 3 August 1922.

In the only race, the men's amateur championship, Great Britain swept the podium with David Marsh taking home the gold medal with fellow British riders in Bill Burkill and Charles Davey claiming the silver and bronze medal respectively.

The qualifications of the 1922 UCI Track Cycling World Championships took place across the Mersey at the Tower Athletic Ground in New Brighton, Merseyside. However, due to persistent rain, the finals were organized in Paris, France on 17 September 1922.

World championship
A world championship is generally an international competition open to elite competitors from around the world, representing their nations, and winning such an event will be considered the highest or near highest achievement in the sport, game, or ability.
Big Indian station
The station at Big Indian, MP 36.4, was another Ulster and Delaware Railroad station. It served the town of Big Indian, New York, and was at the bottom of the Pine Hill Grade. At this stop, a second or third locomotive was coupled to the train to help it up the grade to Grand Hotel station. A water tower was located here along with a turntable for turning steam locomotives.

This station saw its last train in 1954, when the station was closed down and abandoned. This station survived until being razed by the State of New York during the reconstruction of Route 28 in the late 1960s.  All that is left on the station grounds that shows that anything was there is a rather barren area next to the Big Indian Post Office.  A careful observer can also locate the base of the old water tower south of the railroad and west of Route 28.

The tracks that run adjacent to the former station site are now leased to the Catskill Mountain Railroad.

Ulster and Delaware Railroad
The Ulster and Delaware Railroad (U&D) was a railroad located in the state of New York. It was often advertised as "The Only All-Rail Route to the Catskill Mountains." At its greatest extent, the U&D extended 107 miles (172 km) from Kingston Point on the Hudson River through the Catskill Mountains to its western terminus at Oneonta, passing through the counties of Ulster, Delaware, Schoharie and Otsego.
Ezekiel 32
Ezekiel 32 is the thirty-second chapter of the Book of Ezekiel in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet/priest Ezekiel, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. This chapter contains two revelations from God regarding Egypt and its Pharaoh, concluding Ezekiel's prophecies against Egypt (chapters 29-32).

Kohen
Kohen (Hebrew: כֹּהֵן, romanized: kōhēn, pronounced [koˈ(h)en]; pl. כֹּהֲנִים, kōhănīm, [ko(h)aˈnim]) is the Hebrew word for "priest", used in reference to the Aaronic priesthood, also called Aaronites or Aaronides. They are traditionally believed, and halakhically required, to be of direct patrilineal descent from the biblical Aaron (also Aharon), brother of Moses, and thus belong to the Tribe of Levi.

During the existence of the Temple in Jerusalem (and previously the Tabernacle), kohanim performed the Temple sacrificial offerings, which were only permitted to be offered by them. Following its destruction, it seems that most of them joined the Synagogal Jewish movement before adopting gradually Rabbinic Judaism, other types of Judaism, Christianity or Islam. Today, kohanim retain a lesser though distinct status within Rabbinic and Karaite Judaism, including certain honors and restrictions.

In the Samaritan community, the kohanim have remained the primary religious leaders.
David Jenkins (rugby, born 1904)
David Rees Jenkins (12 April 1904 – 13 August 1951) was a Welsh dual-code international rugby footballer who played rugby union for Swansea and rugby league for Leeds RLFC, and representing internationally in both sports.

New South Wales Waratahs
The New South Wales Waratahs (/ˈwɒrətɑːz/ or /ˌwɒrəˈtɑːz/;), often referred to as the Waratahs, are an Australian professional rugby union team based in Sydney that represents the majority of New South Wales in the Super Rugby Pacific competition. The Waratahs play their home games at the new Sydney Football Stadium.
Triveni Dham
Triveni Dham (Nepali: त्रिवेणी धाम) is a confluence of three rivers (Triveni Sangam), Sona, Tamasa and Sapta Gandaki. It is located in Binayi Tribeni Rural Municipality, Nawalparasi district  of Nepal. The nearby Valmiki Ashram is linked to Ramayana, where Sita was sent to exile by Rama with her two sons Lava and Kusha. The place has many historical temples. Pilgrimages from Nepal and India visit this place for worship and to take holy bath. During  Maghe Ausi, a Mela is organized annually. This Mela used to be a common market for Nepali and Indian merchants.

The place is being developed as a tourist site. A new temple with idols of 500 deities was constructed in 2019 at a cost of NPR 25 crore.

Kusha (Ramayana)
Kusha (Sanskrit: कुश, IAST: Kuśa) and his younger twin brother Lava were the children of Rama and Sita. Their story is recounted in the Hindu epic, the Ramayana. Hindu traditions claim he ruled the entire region of Kashmir, Indus River and Hindu Kush as frontier lands of India known as Hindu Kush Kshetra and founded the city of Srinagar in the Kashmir Valley and Kasur with Lavapuri of Lava in base lands, though local lore contends Kasur was founded in 1525 by Pashtun migrants. His brother Lava is traditionally believed to have founded Lavapuri (current day city of Lahore).

The imperial line that ruled Kingdom of Benares-Kashi and the Maurya Empire, which ruled South Asia from 320 to 185 BCE, claimed descent from Kusha. Kusha is said to be a Raghuvamshi Ikshvaku Suryavanshi. He got two children from his wife Kumudvati: Athithi (son) and Kanikamalika (daughter, wife of Yadava descent king Mahabhoja).