hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Christopher Dawson
Christopher Henry Dawson FBA (12 October 1889 – 25 May 1970) was a British Catholic historian and independent scholar, who wrote many books on cultural history and emphasized the necessity for Western culture to be in continuity with Christianity not to stagnate and deteriorate. Dawson has been called "the greatest English-speaking Catholic historian of the twentieth century" and was recognized as being able to expound his thought to "Catholic and Protestant, Christian and non-Christian."

The 1988–1989 academic year at the College of Europe was named in Dawson's honour.

Cultural history
Cultural history records and interprets past events involving human beings through the social, cultural, and political milieu of or relating to the arts and manners that a group favors. Jacob Burckhardt (1818–1897) helped found cultural history as a discipline. Cultural history studies and interprets the record of human societies by denoting the various distinctive ways of living built up by a group of people under consideration. Cultural history involves the aggregate of past cultural activity, such as ceremony, class in practices, and the interaction with locales. It combines the approaches of anthropology and history to examine popular cultural traditions and cultural interpretations of historical experience.
Jose Seru
Jose Seru (born 9 February 1991) is a Japanese rugby union and sevens player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 2020 Summer Olympics. Born in Fiji, he moved to Japan in 2013 and became a citizen in 2020.

Rugby sevens at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's rugby sevens tournament at the 2020 Summer Olympics was held in Japan. It was hosted at Tokyo Stadium, which also served as a host stadium of the 2019 Rugby World Cup. The tournament was played over three days from 26 to 28 July 2021. The tournament was won by the returning champions, Fiji.
Pierstown, New York
Pierstown is a hamlet located on CR-28 north of Cooperstown and west of Five Mile Point in the Town of Otsego, in Otsego County, New York, United States.

Pierstown Grange No. 793 is located here and is one of three remaining in Otsego County. It is a contributing building to the Glimmerglass Historic District.

Glimmerglass Historic District
Glimmerglass Historic District is a national historic district located near Cooperstown in Otsego County, New York.  The 15,000-acre (61 km2) district encompasses parts of three towns, Otsego, Springfield, and Middlefield and the village of Cooperstown.  It encompasses the physical and social sphere of Otsego Lake and its immediate environs.  It includes 1,475 contributing features, some of which were previously listed including the Cooperstown Historic District, U.S. Post Office (Cooperstown, New York), and Hyde Hall in Glimmerglass State Park.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.
Analytical Chemistry (journal)
Analytical Chemistry is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal published since 1929 by the American Chemical Society. Articles address general principles of chemical measurement science and novel analytical methodologies. Topics commonly include chemical reactions and selectivity, chemometrics and data processing, electrochemistry, elemental and molecular characterization, imaging, instrumentation, mass spectrometry, microscale and nanoscale systems, -omics, sensing, separations, spectroscopy, and surface analysis. It is abstracted and indexed in Chemical Abstracts Service, CAB International, EBSCOhost, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and the Science Citation Index Expanded. According to the Journal Citation Reports, it has a 2022 impact factor of 7.4. The editor-in-chief is Jonathan V. Sweedler (University of Illinois).

CAB International
CABI (legally CAB International, formerly Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux) is a nonprofit intergovernmental development and information organisation focusing primarily on agricultural and environmental issues in the developing world, and the creation, curation, and dissemination of scientific knowledge.
Dido and Aeneas (painting)
Dido and Aeneas is an 1814 history painting by the British painter J.M.W. Turner that portrays a scene inspired by the Aeneid by the Roman poet Virgil. Turner depicts a panoramic view of the city of Ancient Carthage with the lovers Dido and Aeneas in the bottom right.

Although possibly started as early as 1805,  Turner displayed the work in 1814 at the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition or 1814 at Somerset House.
The story of Aeneas was a favourite of Turner and he returned to It again near the end of his career at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1850.

Today the painting is in the collection of the Tate Britain,having been part of the Turner Bequest of 1856.

Aeneas
In Greco-Roman mythology, Aeneas (/ɪˈniːəs/ in-EE-əs; Classical Latin: [ae̯ˈneːaːs]; from Ancient Greek: Αἰνείας, romanized: Aineías) was a Trojan hero, the son of the Trojan prince Anchises and the Greek goddess Aphrodite (equivalent to the Roman Venus). His father was a first cousin of King Priam of Troy (both being grandsons of Ilus, founder of Troy), making Aeneas a second cousin to Priam's children (such as Hector and Paris). He is a minor character in Greek mythology and is mentioned in Homer's Iliad. Aeneas receives full treatment in Roman mythology, most extensively in Virgil's Aeneid, where he is cast as an ancestor of Romulus and Remus. He became the first true hero of Rome. Snorri Sturluson identifies him with the Norse god Víðarr of the Æsir.
Bike Share Toronto
Bike Share Toronto is a bicycle-sharing system in Toronto, Ontario, operated by the Toronto Parking Authority (TPA). The system consists of over 9,000 bicycles and over 850 stations,  and covers over 200 square kilometres (80 square miles) in 21 of the 25 wards of the city, with plans to expand to the entire city by 2025.

The system was launched in 2011 by PBSC Urban Solutions under the BIXI brand and was taken over by the City of Toronto through the Toronto Parking Authority in 2014. The system is currently sponsored by Tangerine Bank. Since 2016, the system has been gradually expanded, with ridership increasing to a high of 7 million rides in 2024.

Bicycle-sharing system
A bicycle-sharing system, bike share program, public bicycle scheme, or public bike share (PBS) scheme, is a shared transport service where bicycles or electric bicycles are available for shared use by individuals at low cost.

The programmes themselves include both docking and dockless systems; docking systems allow users to rent a bike from a dock (i.e. a technology-enabled bicycle rack) and return at another node or dock within the system, while dockless systems offer a node-free system relying on smart technology. In either format, systems may incorporate smartphone web mapping to locate available bikes and docks.

With its antecedents in grassroots mid-1960s efforts, by 2022, bike share schemes were offered by approximately 3,000 cities worldwide, including Dubai, New York, Paris, Mexico City, Montreal and Barcelona.
John I, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg
John I, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg (1260 – 5 June 1291) was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Bernburg.

He was the eldest son of Bernhard I, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg, by his wife Princess Sophie, daughter of King Abel of Denmark.

Abel, King of Denmark
Abel Valdemarsen (c. 1218 – 29 June 1252) was Duke of Schleswig from 1232 to 1252 and King of Denmark from 1250 until his death in 1252. He was the son of Valdemar II by his second wife, Berengaria of Portugal, and brother to kings Eric IV and Christopher I.

As Duke of Schleswig, Abel came into conflict with his brother, King Eric IV, whose murder in 1250 he was suspected of orchestrating. Upon taking an oath to clear himself of the allegations, he was elected king. After a short reign, he was killed during a military expedition in Frisia.

Abel's reign was the shortest of any Danish monarch since the 9th century. He founded a line of dukes of Schleswig - the "Abel family" - which ruled the Duchy of Schleswig until 1375.
Ivan Ivanovich Petrov
Ivan Ivanovich Petrov (Russian: Иван Иванович Петров; 29 February 1920 in Irkutsk – 26 December 2003 in Moscow) was a Soviet and Russian bass opera singer. People's Artist of the USSR (1959).

Born Ivan Krauze (Краузе), the family took the name Petrov in 1936 after moving from Siberia to Moscow due to the suspicions of anyone with a German surname. He entered the Bolshoi Theatre in 1942 after three years with the Moscow Philharmonic spent traveling giving concerts for the troops. He continued singing until 1970 when diabetes began to affect his voice, then concentrated on teaching.

His repertoire included both Russian and Western works, which in Russia were also usually sung in Russian. He recorded for the conductors Kiril Kondrashin, Mark Ermler, Boris Khaykin, Mikhail Zhukov, Vladimir Fedoseyev, Samuil Samosud, Nikolai Golovanov and Vassili Nebolsin.

Vladimir Fedoseyev
Vladimir Ivanovich Fedoseyev (Russian: Владимир Иванович Федосеев; born 5 August 1932, in Leningrad, Soviet Union) is a Soviet and Russian conductor, accordionist, teacher. People's Artist of the USSR (1980). Laureate of the USSR State Prize (1989) and the Glinka State Prize of the RSFSR (1970). Full Commander of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland". Artistic director and chief conductor of the Tchaikovsky Symphony Orchestra since 1974.
Joe Rees (rugby union, born 1990)
Joe Rees (born 31 August 1990) is a Welsh rugby union player. A prop forward, he plays club rugby for the Ospreys regional team having previously played for Swansea RFC. Rees has also represented Wales at under-20 level.

On 4 February 2014, Rees left Ospreys to join Worcester Warriors in the RFU Championship from the 2014–15 season. On 9 June 2016, Rees left Worcester to join Championship club Rotherham Titans from the 2016–17 season. After stints at both Merthyr and Chinnor, Rees signed for London Scottish ahead of the 2020–21 season.

Rotherham Titans
Rotherham Rugby Union Football Club, or Rotherham Titans is a rugby union club from Rotherham, South Yorkshire, currently playing in the third tier of the English rugby union league system, following their promotion from the National League 2 North at the end of the 2023–2024 season.

Rotherham achieved multiple promotions within the league structure in the 1990s and early 2000s. This meteoric rise ultimately culminated in two unsuccessful spells in the English Premiership. Rotherham is perhaps best known for the Rugby Football Union blocking its entry into the Premiership, its subsequent legal challenges, and a partially successful appeal to the Office of Fair Trading to break an alleged Premiership cartel.

Rotherham have developed several international players, including David Strettle, Hendre Fourie and Erik Lund.
Charles Calder (politician)
Charles Calder (December 29, 1852 – April 6, 1920) was an Ontario farmer and political figure. He represented Ontario South in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in 1898 and from 1905 to 1919 as a Conservative member.

He was born in 1852 at Whitby Township, the son of John Calder, a Scottish immigrant, and was educated in Whitby. Calder served as reeve for Whitby Township from 1893 to 1896. He was elected to the provincial assembly in 1898 but that election was appealed and he lost the subsequent by-election to John Dryden. He defeated Dryden in 1905 to win his seat in the provincial assembly. Calder lived near Brooklin. He died in 1920 at his home in Brooklin.

Ontario South (provincial electoral district)
Ontario South was a provincial electoral riding in Ontario, Canada. Created in 1867 at the time of Confederation, it was abolished in 1933 before the 1934 election. It was briefly recreated in 1967 and abolished again in 1975. It was last contested in 1971.
2010 Patriot League baseball tournament
The 2010 Patriot League baseball tournament was held on consecutive weekends with the semifinals held May 15–16 and the finals May 21–22, 2010 to determine the champion of the Patriot League for baseball for the 2010 NCAA Division I baseball season.  The event matched the top four finishers of the six team league in a double-elimination tournament.  Fourth seeded Bucknell won their fifth championship and claimed the Patriot's automatic bid to the 2010 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.  Doug Shribman of Bucknell was named Tournament Most Valuable Player.

Bucknell Bison baseball
The Bucknell Bison baseball team represents Bucknell University in NCAA Division I college baseball. The team participates in the Patriot League (PL), having joined as a founding member in 1991. Bucknell has played baseball since 1886. Prior to playing baseball in the Patriot League, they played in the Middle Atlantic Conferences (1965–1974) and the East Coast Conference (1975–1990). The Bison are currently led by head coach Scott Heather. The team plays its home games at Eugene B. Depew Field located on the university's campus.
Trofeo Costa del Sol (basketball)
The Trofeo Costa del Sol is a basketball friendly competition, held in the county of Costa de Sol of the Málaga province in Spain.

The competition inaugurated in 2011 and continued to be one of the competitions played before the upcoming season of the Liga ACB.

Costa del Sol Occidental
Costa del Sol Occidental (English: "Western Coast of the Sun") is one of the nine comarcas (county) in the province of Málaga, Andalusia,  southern Spain. This comarca was established in 2003 by the Government of Andalusia.

It occupies a narrow coastal strip delimited by the cordillera Penibética (Sierra de Mijas, Sierra Alpujata, Sierra Blanca, Sierra Bermeja, Sierra Crestallina) to the north and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. The coast shows a diversity of landscapes: beaches, cliffs, estuaries, bays and dunes. The rivers are short and seasonal, while the agriculture is hampered by the lee effect caused by the Baetic System.
Joseph Levine (philosopher)
Joseph Levine (born January 17, 1952) is an American philosopher at the University of Massachusetts Amherst who received his PhD from Harvard University in 1981. He works on philosophy of mind and is best known for formulating the explanatory gap argument against materialist explanations for consciousness. This has been cited as a precursor to David Chalmers's formulation of the hard problem of consciousness. Levine is also the author of several popular and academic philosophy books and articles.

Materialism
In philosophy and metaphysics, materialism is a form of monism holding that matter is the fundamental substance of nature, so that all things, including mind and consciousness, arise from material interactions and depend on physical processes, including those of the human brain and nervous system. It contrasts with monistic idealism, which treats consciousness as fundamental, and is related to naturalism, the view that only natural laws and forces operate in the universe, and to physicalism, the view that all that exists is ultimately physical. Physicalism extends materialism by including forms of physicality beyond ordinary matter (e.g. spacetime, energy, forces, exotic matter), and some use the terms interchangeably.

Alternative philosophies opposed or alternative to materialism or physicalism include idealism, pluralism, dualism, solipsism, panpsychism, and other forms of monism.
Mostki, Podkarpackie Voivodeship
Mostki [ˈmɔstkʲi] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jarocin, within Nisko County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. The village is located in the historical region Galicia.

Chapel of the Transfiguration in Mostki (Wasile hamlet)

Elementary school

Nisko County
Nisko County (Polish: powiat niżański) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, south-eastern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Nisko, which lies 57 kilometres (35 mi) north of the regional capital Rzeszów. The county also contains the towns of Rudnik nad Sanem, lying 13 km (8 mi) south-east of Nisko, and Ulanów, 11 km (7 mi) east of Nisko.

The county covers an area of 785.58 square kilometres (303.3 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 66,699, out of which the population of Nisko is 15,324, that of Rudnik nad Sanem is 6,710, that of Ulanów is 1,422, and the rural population is 43,243.
All Saints Church, Twickenham
All Saints Church, Twickenham, is a Church of England church on Campbell Road in Twickenham in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. Its vicar and parish priest is Fr Alex Lane SSC.

As a traditionalist Anglo-Catholic church, the parish receives alternative episcopal oversight from the Bishop of Fulham (currently Jonathan Baker).

The church's building, dating from 1913-14, has been  Grade II listed  since 1986.

Anglo-Catholicism
Anglo-Catholicism comprises beliefs and practices that emphasise the Catholic heritage, especially pre-Reformation roots, of the Church of England and other churches within Anglicanism. Anglo-Catholicism claims to restore liturgical and devotional expressions of church life that reflect the ancient practices of the early and medieval church.

The term was coined in the early 19th century, although movements emphasising the Catholic heritage of Anglicanism already existed. Particularly influential in the history of Anglo-Catholicism were the Caroline Divines of the 17th century, the Jacobite Nonjuring schism of the 17th and 18th centuries, and the Oxford Movement, which began at the University of Oxford in 1833 and ushered in a period of Anglican history known as the "Catholic Revival".
Coxquihui
Coxquihui is a municipality in the Mexican state of Veracruz. It is located in montane central zone of the state, about 95 km from Xalapa, the state capital. It has a surface of 86.37 km2. It is located at 20°11′N 97°35′W﻿ / ﻿20.183°N 97.583°W﻿ / 20.183; -97.583.

Xalapa
Xalapa or Jalapa (English: /həˈlɑːpə/, Spanish: [xaˈlapa] ⓘ), officially Xalapa-Enríquez (IPA: [xaˈlapa enˈrikes]), is the capital city of the Mexican state of Veracruz and the name of the surrounding municipality. In 2020 census the city reported a population of 443,063 and the municipality of which it serves as municipal seat reported a population of 488,531. The municipality has an area of 118.45 km2. Xalapa lies near the geographic center of the state and is the second-largest city in the state after the city of Veracruz to the southeast.
Backcountry Super Cubs
Backcountry Super Cubs LLC is an American aircraft manufacturer based in Douglas, Wyoming. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of bush aircraft in the form of kits for amateur construction.

Bush plane
A bush plane or bushplane is a general aviation aircraft used to provide both scheduled and unscheduled passenger and flight services to remote, undeveloped areas, such as the Canadian north or bush, Alaskan tundra, the African bush, or savanna, Amazon rainforest and the Australian Outback. They are used where ground transportation infrastructure is inadequate or does not exist.
Bondari, Tambov Oblast
Bondari (Russian: Бондари) is a rural locality (a selo) serving as the administrative center of the district. With a population of approximately 4,000 residents, Bondari is situated 75 kilometers northeast of Tambov and 35 kilometers north of the Platonovka railway station along the Tambov-Rtishchevo line. Nestled along the Bolshoy Lomovis River, a tributary of the Tsna river, Bondari is known for its main dairy facility, the Bondari Milk and Cheese Factory, which serves as a significant source of dairy products for the entire Tambov Oblast region.

Tambov
Tambov (UK: /tæmˈbɒf/ tam-BOF, US: /tɑːmˈbɔːf, -ˈbɔːv/ tahm-BAWF, -⁠BAWV; Russian: Тамбов, IPA: [tɐmˈbof]) is a city and the administrative center of Tambov Oblast, central Russia, at the confluence of the Tsna and Studenets rivers, about 418 km (260 mi) south-southeast of Moscow. With a population of 261,803 as of 2021, Tambov is the largest city, and historical center, of the Tambov Oblast as a whole.
Gurkha Contingent Pipes and Drums Platoon
The Singapore Police Force Gurkha Contingent Pipes and Drums Platoon is a 35 strong platoon currently led by Inspector Bipin Yonjan. The Honorary Band President is Superintendent Tony Bergin, who is the Deputy Commander of the Gurkha Contingent. Formed in 1955 out of the Contingent's Gurkha officers, it includes officers trained as pipers, drummers and buglers.

The platoon performs regularly in partnership with the Singapore Police Force Band and the Women Police Pipes and Drums in combined performances locally as well as abroad. It has participated in the 1991 Edinburgh Military Tattoo, the 2001 Adelaide International Police Tattoo, the 2002 Malaysian Police and Military Tattoo in Kuala Lumpur and the 2005 Musikschau der Nationen in Bremen, Germany, in recent years either on its own or along with the other bands from the Singapore Police Force. In June 2014, it performed "Happy Birthday" in honor of the Queen's Official Birthday in the United Kingdom.

Superintendent (police)
Superintendent (Supt) is a rank in the British police and in most English-speaking Commonwealth nations. In many Commonwealth countries, the full version is superintendent of police (SP). The rank is also used in most British Overseas Territories, in many former British colonies, as well as in Portugal and in several former Portuguese colonies. In some countries, such as Italy, the rank of superintendent is a lower rank.
Heap (surname)
Heap is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bob Heap, English footballer

Brian Heap, British biologist

Dan Heap, Canadian politician

David Porter Heap, American engineer

Fred Heap, English footballer

Imogen Heap, British singer-songwriter

Jessica Heap, American actress

John Heap, British geographer

Mark Heap, British actor

Sarah Heap, New Zealand physical education teacher and drill mistress

Todd Heap, American football player

Tom Heap, British television and radio reporter and presenter

John Heap (geographer)
John Arnfield Heap, CMG (5 February 1932 – 8 March 2006) was an English polar scientist who helped protect Antarctica from exploitation. He was also a civil servant in the Polar Regions Section of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, ultimately head of section. Later he was director of the Scott Polar Research Institute.
Year-ending
Year-ending  (or "12-months-ending") is a 12-month period used for financial and other seasonal reporting.

In the context of finance, "Year-ending" is often provided in monthly financial statements detailing the performance of a business entity.  Providing current "Year-ending" results, as well as "Year-Ending" results for one or more past years as of the same date, allows owners, managers, investors, and other stakeholders to compare the company's current performance to past periods and annual figures.

Legal person
In law, a legal person is any person or legal entity that can do the things a human person is usually able to do in law – such as enter into contracts, sue and be sued, own property, and so on. The reason for the term "legal person" is that some legal persons are not human persons: companies and corporations (i.e., business entities) are persons, legally speaking (they can legally do most of the things an ordinary person can do), but they are not, in a literal sense, human beings.

Legal personhood is a prerequisite to legal capacity (the ability of any legal person to amend – i.e. enter into, transfer, etc. – rights and obligations): it is a prerequisite for an international organization being able to sign international treaties in its own name.