hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bárcena (surname)
Bárcena is a Spanish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alicia Bárcena (born 1952), Mexican biologist and the United Nations Executive Secretary of ECLAC

Alonzo de Barcena (1528–1598), Spanish Jesuit missionary and linguist

Catalina Bárcena (1888–1978), Spanish theatre actress

David Bárcena Ríos (1941–2017), Mexican equestrian

Juan Gómez Bárcena (born 1984), Spanish author and literary critic

Marisol Vargas Bárcena (born 1975), Mexican politician

Martha Bárcena Coqui (born 1957), Mexican diplomat

Rafael García Bárcena (1907–1961), Cuban philosopher

Rafael García Bárcena
Rafael García Bárcena (June 7, 1907 Güines, Cuba – June 13, 1961 La Habana, Cuba) was a Cuban philosopher who later took a leading role in the Cuban Revolution against President Fulgencio Batista. A professor of philosophy, he founded the National Revolutionary Movement (Movimiento Nacional Revolucionario – MNR). Consisting largely of middle-class members, it contrasted with Fidel Castro's predominantly working class support base, the 26th of July Movement. In March 1953, the MNR had planned to attack and seize control of the barracks at Camp Colombia, but police had been alerted to the plot, with the conspirators being rounded up and tortured. In all, fourteen people were sentenced to imprisonment for the attack plot.
1777 North Carolina gubernatorial election
A gubernatorial election was held in North Carolina on April 18, 1777. The incumbent governor of North Carolina Richard Caswell was re-elected.

Caswell, a militia officer and former president of the North Carolina Provincial Congress, led a coalition of radical and moderate Whigs that displaced the previously-dominant conservative political faction after 1776. Factional politics reflected regional interests, with the predominately Western radicals aligned with moderates from the Cape Fear River against the Albemarle conservatives. Following adoption of the Constitution of North Carolina in December 1776, Caswell was appointed to serve as governor until the election of a successor.

The election was conducted by the North Carolina General Assembly in joint session. Caswell was elected unanimously on the first ballot.

Political faction
A political faction is a group of people with a common political purpose, especially a subgroup of a political party that has interests or opinions different from the rest of the political party. Intragroup conflict between factions can lead to schism of the political party into two political parties. The ley de lemas electoral system allows the voters to indicate on the ballot their preference for political factions within a political party. Political factions can represent voting blocs. Political factions require a weaker party discipline. Research indicates that factions can play an important role in moving their host party along the ideological spectrum.
What's Between
What's Between is the debut studio album by Irish singer-songwriter James Kelly under the pseudonym Wife. It was released on 9 June 2014 through Tri Angle. It received generally favorable reviews from critics.

The Skinny (magazine)
The Skinny is a monthly free magazine distributed in venues throughout the cities of Dundee, Edinburgh and Glasgow in Scotland. Founded in 2005, the magazine features interviews and articles on music, art, film, comedy and other aspects of culture across Scotland and beyond.
James Graham (sexologist)
James Graham (1745–1794) was a Scottish showman, as well as a proponent of electrical cures, the inventor of earth-bathing, and a pioneer in sex therapy. A self-styled doctor, he was best known for his electro-magnetic musical Grand State Celestial Bed. Dismissed as a quack by medical experts, Graham apparently believed in the efficacy of his unusual treatments.

Historian Roy Porter writing in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography states that Graham's sexological views were quite typical of the period.

Quackery
Quackery, often synonymous with health fraud, is the promotion of fraudulent or ignorant medical practices. A quack is a "fraudulent or ignorant pretender to medical skill" or "a person who pretends, professionally or publicly, to have skill, knowledge, qualification or credentials they do not possess; a charlatan or snake oil salesman". The term quack is a clipped form of the archaic term quacksalver, derived from Dutch: kwakzalver a "hawker of salve" or rather somebody who boasted about their salves, more commonly known as ointments. In the Middle Ages the term quack meant "shouting". The quacksalvers sold their wares at markets by shouting to gain attention.

Common elements of general quackery include questionable diagnoses using questionable diagnostic tests, as well as untested or refuted treatments, especially for serious diseases such as cancer. Quackery is often described as "health fraud" with the salient characteristic of aggressive promotion.
Peter Mponda
Peter Mponda (born 4 September 1981) is a Malawian football manager and former player who is the head coach for the Nyasa Big Bullets FC in Malawi which plays in the Super League of Malawi, the top league in Malawi's football system.. He played as a central defender and was the captain of the Malawi national team.

In November 2019, he was appointed coach of the Malawi national under-20 football team.

Super League of Malawi
Super League of Malawi, also known as the TNM Super League for sponsorship reasons, is the top football division in Malawi. Contested by 16 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the Malawi Regional Football Leagues.

Malawian mobile telecommunications company TNM sponsors the league with K65 million annually.
Cabinet of Hun Manet
The 7th Council of Ministers was formed on 22 August 2023. It is led by Prime Minister Hun Manet, making it the first government in 38 years to not be led by Hun Sen, Manet's father, following his resignation. In addition, veteran politicians including Sar Kheng, Tea Banh and Men Sam An also relinquished their positions.

Men Sam An
Men Sam An (Khmer: ម៉ែន សំអន, UNGEGN: Mên Sâm'ân [maen sɑmʔɑːn]; born 15 August 1953) is a Cambodian politician. She belongs to the Cambodian People's Party and was elected to represent Svay Rieng Province in the National Assembly in 2003.

As of 2009, she serves as permanent Deputy Prime Minister of Cambodia. She is the first female deputy prime minister and four-star general. She joined the army in 1970 during the US-backed Khmer Republic era, beginning her career as a military nurse.
Sandro Girgvliani murder case
The Sandro Girgvliani murder case is one of the most notorious criminal cases in the modern history of Georgia. The killing in January 2006, and the events that followed, generated heavy criticism of the former government, particularly the interior minister, and debate about the extent to which then President Mikheil Saakashvili had truly introduced judicial independence and a democratic culture into Georgian society.

Interior ministry
An interior ministry or ministry of the interior (also called ministry of home affairs or ministry of internal affairs) is a government department that is responsible for domestic policy, public security and law enforcement.

In some states, the interior ministry is entrusted with the functions of ensuring national security, immigration issues and protecting places of detention.

Structurally, an interior ministry is part of the highest bodies of executive power and reports directly to the head of government. In states with a federal structure, the ministry often has branches at the level of states or federal subjects.
Stradomia Dolna
Stradomia Dolna [straˈdɔmja ˈdɔlna] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dziadowa Kłoda, within Oleśnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. The local population was recorded as 479 individuals in 2021, with an even demographic structure.

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo dolnośląskie, [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ dɔlnɔˈɕlɔ̃skjɛ] ⓘ) in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi) and as of 2019 has a total population of 2,899,986.

It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland, as natural resources such as copper, brown coal and rock materials are widely present.

Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. The voivodeship is host to several spa towns, many castles and palaces, and the Giant Mountains, with several ski resorts. For this reason, tourism is a large part of this region's economy.
Well Well Well (John Lennon song)
"Well Well Well" is a song by the English musician John Lennon from his 1970 album John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band. The eighth and longest track on the album, "Well Well Well" features an aggressive guitar sound, screaming vocals and a pounding backing track.

Wedding Album
Wedding Album is the third and final in a succession of three collaborative experimental albums by John Lennon and Yoko Ono. It followed Unfinished Music No. 1: Two Virgins and Unfinished Music No. 2: Life with the Lions. In Britain, the album was released credited by "John and Yoko", without last names mentioned. In the United States, it was released credited by "John Ono Lennon & Yoko Ono Lennon."
2010 Tour Down Under
The 2010 Tour Down Under was the 12th edition of the Tour Down Under cycling stage race. It was held from 19 to 24 January 2010 in and around Adelaide, South Australia. It was the first event in the 2010 UCI World Calendar. The race was won by André Greipel of Team HTC–Columbia after he won the sprint finishes to three of the race's stages.

Race stage
A race stage, leg, or heat is a unit of a race that has been divided in several parts for the reason such as length of the distance to be covered, as in a multi-day event. Usually, such a race consists of "ordinary" stages, but sometimes stages are held as an individual time trial or a team time trial. Long races such as the Tour de France, Absa Cape Epic or the Giro d'Italia are known for their stages of one day each, whereas the boat sailing Velux 5 Oceans Race is broken down in usually four stages of several weeks duration each, where the competitors are racing continuously day and night. In bicycling and running events, a race with stages is known as a stage race. Other examples include ultramarathons and adventure racing.
Military history of the Tang dynasty
The military history of the Tang dynasty encompasses the period of Chinese military activity from 618 to 907. The Tang dynasty and the preceding Sui dynasty share many similar trends and behaviors in terms of military tactics, strategy, and technology, so it can be viewed that the Tang continued the Sui tradition.

Türgesh
The Türgesh or Türgish (Old Turkic: 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰏𐰾:𐰉𐰆𐰑, romanized: Türügeš budun, lit. 'Türgesh people'; simplified Chinese: 突骑施; traditional Chinese: 突騎施; pinyin: Tūqíshī; Wade–Giles: T'u-ch'i-shih; Old Tibetan: Du-rgyas) were a Turkic tribal confederation. Once belonging to the Duolu wing of the Western Turkic On Oq elites, Türgeshes emerged as an independent power after the demise of the Western Turks and established a khaganate in 699. The Türgesh Khaganate lasted until 766 when the Karluks defeated them. Türgesh and Göktürks were related through marriage.
2004 Fed Cup World Group play-offs
The 2004 World Group play-offs decided which nations featured in World Group in the 2005 Fed Cup. The play-off winners went on to feature in World Group in 2005, while the losing nations joined Zonal Competition for 2005.

2005 Fed Cup
The 2005 Fed Cup was the 43rd edition of the most important competition between national teams in women's tennis.

The final took place at Court Philippe Chatrier in Paris, France, on 17–18 September. The home team, France, lost to Russia, 2–3, giving Russia their second title, consecutively and overall, and their second win against France in a final.
Lučenec
Lučenec (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈlutʂeɲets] ⓘ; German: Lizenz; Hungarian: Losonc; Yiddish: לאשאנץ, romanized: Lashantz; Latin: Lutetia Hungarorum) is a town in the Banská Bystrica Region of south-central Slovakia. Historically, it was part, and in the 18th century the capital, of Nógrád County of the Kingdom of Hungary. In 1920, as a result of the Treaty of Trianon, it became a part of Czechoslovakia. The town has a large synagogue, built in 1924, which served a large Jewish population before World War II. The synagogue underwent renovations in 2016.

Lučenec is the economic centre of the whole Novohrad region, which includes districts Poltár and Veľký Krtíš.

Veľký Krtíš District
Veľký Krtíš District (okres Veľký Krtíš) is a district in
the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. Until 1918, the district was split between the county of Kingdom of Hungary of Hont and Nógrád.
Kobeřice u Brna
Kobeřice u Brna is a municipality and village in Vyškov District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 700 inhabitants.

Kobeřice u Brna lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) south of Vyškov, 24 km (15 mi) south-east of Brno, and 210 km (130 mi) south-east of Prague.

Vyškov
Vyškov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈvɪʃkof]; German: Wischau) is a town in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 21,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Aelita (spacecraft)
Aelita was a Soviet design of a version of a Soyuz spacecraft started in 1978. The Aelita was part of the Soyuz programme, but was planned to use an unmanned Soyuz spacecraft as an infrared astronomy telescope satellite. A Soyuz spacecraft was planned to be modified to become the Aelita project satellite. The Aelita project was not completed, and was cancelled in 1982.

Telescope
A telescope is a device used to observe distant objects by their emission, absorption, or reflection of electromagnetic radiation. Originally, it was an optical instrument using lenses, curved mirrors, or a combination of both to observe distant objects – an optical telescope. Nowadays, the word "telescope" is defined as a wide range of instruments capable of detecting different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and in some cases other types of detectors.

The first known practical telescopes were refracting telescopes with glass lenses and were invented in the Netherlands at the beginning of the 17th century. They were used for both terrestrial applications and astronomy.

The reflecting telescope, which uses mirrors to collect and focus light, was invented within a few decades of the first refracting telescope.

In the 20th century, many new types of telescopes were invented, including radio telescopes in the 1930s and infrared telescopes in the 1960s.
Tamer Abdel Raouf
Tamer Abdel Raouf, an Egyptian journalist, bureau chief, and regional director of Egypt's Al-Ahram newspaper, was shot dead at a military checkpoint in Damanhur, Beheira Northern Governorate on August 19, 2013. In late November 2012, then President Mohamed Morsi passed a Constitutional declaration that gave him additional powers, which led to the 2012-13 Egyptian protests and his removal from office by the military on July 3, 2013. After the military coup, many Egyptian news reporters and journalists were targeted by military and police. Raouf was one of the journalists killed.

Al-Ahram
Al-Ahram (Arabic: الأهرام, lit. 'The Pyramids'), founded on 5 August 1876, is the most widely circulating Egyptian daily newspaper, and the second-oldest after Al-Waqa'i' al-Misriyya (The Egyptian Events, founded 1828). It is majority owned by the Egyptian government, and is considered a newspaper of record for Egypt.

Given the many varieties of Arabic language, Al-Ahram is widely considered an influential source of writing style in Arabic. In 1950, the Middle East Institute described Al-Ahram as being to the Arabic-reading public within its area of distribution, "What The Times is to Englishmen and The New York Times to Americans"; however, it has often been accused of heavy influence and censorship by the Egyptian government.

In addition to the main edition published in Egypt, the paper publishes two other Arabic-language editions, one geared to the Arab world and the other aimed at an international audience, as well as editions in English and French.
Diamante Maria Scarabelli
Diamante Maria Scarabelli (October 6, 1675, Bologna, Papal States - April 5, 1754, Bologna) was an Italian soprano of the later 17th century and the early 18th century. She is best remembered for having sung the part of Poppea in the premiere of George Frederic Handel's opera Agrippina, a role that requires a wide vocal range, a fairly high tessitura, and a highly developed virtuoso technique. Her great success at Bologna in the 1697 pasticcio Perseo inspired the publication of a volume of eulogistic verse, entitled "La miniera del Diamante".

Virtuoso
A virtuoso (from Italian virtuoso, Italian: [virˈtwoːzo] or Italian: [virtuˈoːso]; Late Latin virtuosus; Latin virtus; 'virtue', 'excellence' or 'skill') is an individual who possesses outstanding talent and technical ability in a particular art or field such as fine arts, music, singing, playing a musical instrument, or composition.
Giuseppe Maiani
Giuseppe "Pippo" Maiani (5 November 1924 – 12 May 2016) was Captain Regent of San Marino from 1 October 1955 to 1 April 1956, and again from 1 April 1982 to 1 October 1982.

He was a member of the Sammarinese Communist Party .

Sammarinese Communist Party
The Sammarinese Communist Party (Italian: Partito Comunista Sammarinese, abbreviated PCS) was a Marxist political party in the small European republic of San Marino.
It was founded in 1921 as a section of the Communist Party of Italy (PCI). The organization existed for its first two decades as an underground political organisation.

Between 1945 and the spring of 1957 the PCS governed the country in coalition with the Sammarinese Socialist Party (PSS). The communist-socialist coalition lost power in the events known as Fatti di Rovereta.

The PCS returned to membership in a governing parliamentary coalition in 1978, with its adherents remaining as part of the leadership group until 1992. In 1991, with the fall of the Soviet Union, the PCS formally renounced communism and relaunched itself as the Sammarinese Democratic Progressive Party (PPDS).
Academia de la Inmaculada Concepción
The Academy of the Immaculate Conception (Spanish: Academia de la Inmaculada Concepción, generally abbreviated as AIC, or simply La Inmaculada) is a coeducational Catholic school located in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico. Founded in 1905, it is among Puerto Rico's oldest institutions of learning. Though established by the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul, since 2015 it is owned and operated by the Colegio Católico Notre Dame in Caguas.

The school is divided into two buildings in the same complex, one, located at 852 Road 108, Miradero, Mayagüez, has classrooms from Pre Pre-Kindergarten till fourth grade, while the other, at 850 Road 108, ranges from fifth grade up to twelfth grade. With the San Carlos School in Aguadilla, it is one of two Redemptorist-founded schools in the Mayagüez diocese. The school is a participant in the Free School Selection Program since its inception in 2019.

Diocese of Mayagüez
The Diocese of Mayagüez (Latin: Dioecesis Maiaguezensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in the United States and consists of the western part of the island of Puerto Rico, an American commonwealth. The diocese is led by a prelate bishop, who pastors the mother church in the City of Mayagüez, Catedral Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria in front of the Plaza Colón.
Fogueteiro
Fogueteiro is a locality of the parish of Amora, in the municipality of Seixal, Lisbon metropolitan area, Portugal. It is situated near the river Tagus, north of the A2 motorway. It is served by the railway station Fogueteiro, on the Fertagus railway from central Lisbon to Setúbal.

Tagus
The Tagus (/ˈteɪɡəs/ TAY-gəs; Spanish: Tajo [ˈtaxo] ⓘ; Portuguese: Tejo [ˈtɛʒu]) is the longest river in the Iberian Peninsula. The river rises in the Montes Universales between Cuenca and Teruel, in mid-eastern Spain, flows 1,007 km (626 mi), generally westward, and empties into the Atlantic Ocean at Lisbon.
Fyodor Eduardovich Keller
Theodor Eduard Graf von Keller (Russian: Фёдор Эдуа́рдович Ке́ллер, Fyodor Eduardovich Keller; 15 August 1850 – 31 July 1904), better known as Fyodor Keller, was a general in the Imperial Russian Army, noted for his role in the Battle of Motien Pass during the Russo-Japanese War.

Page Corps
The Page Corps (Russian: Пажеский корпус, romanized: Pazhyeskiy korpus; French: Corps des Pages) was a military academy in Imperial Russia, which prepared sons of the nobility and of senior officers for military service. Similarly, the Imperial School of Jurisprudence prepared boys for civil service. The present-day equivalent of the Page Corps and other Imperial military academies may be said to be the Suvorov Military Schools, though none of these was established before 1943.
Battle of Andong
The Battle of Andong was a fight between North Korean and South Korean units in late July 1950. It was an early maneuver of the Korean War.

The Korean People's Army (KPA) 12th Infantry Division attempted to advance through Andong on its way south to Pusan, but was opposed by the Republic of Korea Army (ROK) 8th and Capital Division. The ensuing battle destroyed much of both the ROK 8th and KPA 12th Divisions, but the 12th suffered the heaviest damage; air attacks killed 600 from the division, 11 of the division's 30 T34-85 tanks were destroyed, and the division commander had been killed. The 12th Division, exhausted, had to cease its advance.

Republic of Korea Army
The Republic of Korea Army (ROKA; Korean: 대한민국 육군; Hanja: 大韓民國陸軍; RR: Daehanminguk Yukgun), also known as the ROK Army or South Korean Army, is the army of South Korea, responsible for ground-based warfare. It is the largest of the military branches of the Republic of Korea Armed Forces with 400,000 members as of 2025. This size is maintained through conscription: All able-bodied South Korean males must complete military service (18 months for the army, auxiliary police, and marines, 20 months for the navy and conscripted firefighters, 21 months for the air force and social service, and 36 months for alternative service) between the ages of 18 and 35.
Chivers
Chivers is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Barrie Chivers, Canadian politician

C. J. (Christopher John) Chivers, American journalist

Dirk Chivers, Dutch pirate

Frank Chivers, English footballer

Gary Chivers, English footballer

Martin Chivers (1945–2026), English footballer

Thomas Holley Chivers, American poet

C. J. Chivers
Christopher John Chivers (born 1964) is an American journalist and author best known for his work with The New York Times and Esquire magazine. He is currently assigned to The New York Times Magazine and the newspaper's Investigations Desk as a long-form writer and investigative reporter. In the summer of 2007, he was named the newspaper's Moscow bureau chief, replacing Steven Lee Myers.

Along with several reporters and photographers based in Pakistan and Afghanistan, he contributed to a New York Times staff entry that received the Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting in 2009. He received the Pulitzer Prize for Feature Writing in 2017. His book, The Gun, a work of history published under the Simon & Schuster imprint, was released in October 2010. Chivers is considered one of the most important war correspondents of his generation, noted for his expertise on weapons.