hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Urban planning in Africa
Urban planning in Africa results from indigenous aesthetics and conceptions of form and function as well as the changes brought on by industrialization, modernization, and colonialism. Before the Berlin Conference of 1884 – 1885, which formalized colonialism in many parts of Africa, indigenous African cities and villages had ordered structures that varied along ethnic and religious lines and according to geography. All land-uses necessary for functioning––markets, religious sites, farms, communal assembly spaces––existed in ordered, rational ways, as did land property practices and laws, many of which changed under colonial control. Urbanity changed significantly from pre-colonial to colonial times, as slavery, Christianity, and a host of other forces caused a change in the population of indigenous urban dwellers.

Town and Country Planning Act 1947
The Town and Country Planning Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo. 6. c. 51) was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom passed by the Labour government led by Clement Attlee. It came into effect on 1 July 1948, and along with the Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo. 6. c. 53) was the foundation of modern town and country planning in the United Kingdom.

Today the main statutes in England and Wales are the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 and the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004, supported by the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) introduced in 2012. In Scotland the main statute is the Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1997 and the Planning etc. (Scotland) Act 2006, supported by the National Policy Framework. In Northern Ireland it is the Planning Act (Northern Ireland) 2011.
Silver Peak Systems
Silver Peak Systems, Inc. was a company that developed products for wide area networks (WANs), including WAN optimization and SD-WAN (Software-Defined WAN).  The company was founded in 2004 by David Hughes. Silver Peak shipped its first product, the NX-series hardware appliance, in September 2005, and their first SD-WAN solution, EdgeConnect, in June 2015.

On July 13, 2020, Hewlett Packard Enterprise announced its intent to acquire Silver Peak for $925 Million. This acquisition was completed on September 21, 2020, with Silver Peak becoming part of HPE subsidiary Aruba Networks.

Virtual appliance
A virtual appliance is a pre-configured virtual machine image, ready to run on a hypervisor; virtual appliances are a subset of the broader class of software appliances. Installation of a software appliance on a virtual machine and packaging that into an image creates a virtual appliance. Like software appliances, virtual appliances are intended to eliminate the installation, configuration and maintenance costs associated with running complex stacks of software.

A virtual appliance is not a complete virtual machine platform, but rather a software image containing a software stack designed to run on a virtual machine platform which may be a Type 1 or Type 2 hypervisor.
Dalnabreck
Dalnabreck (Scottish Gaelic: Dail nam Breac) is a small village, lying at the southwest end of Loch Shiel in Sunart, Lochaber, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.

The A861 road runs through Dalnabreck, with Acharacle two miles (three kilometres) east and Ardmolich one mile (1.5 kilometres) northeast, connected by the A861 road.

Acharacle
Acharacle (/əˈhærəkəl/; Scottish Gaelic: Àth Tharracail, "Torquil's ford") is a village on the landward end of the Ardnamurchan peninsula in the Scottish Highlands, at the foot of Loch Shiel. The ford referred to in the name spans the River Shiel, and, according to legend, was the site of a battle between Somerled and a Norwegian warrior named Torquil.
1912 AAA Championships
The 1912 AAA Championships was the 1912 edition of the annual outdoor track and field competition organised by the Amateur Athletic Association (AAA). It was held on Saturday 22 June 1912 at the Stamford Bridge (stadium) in London, England. The attendance was between 12,000 and 15,000 spectators.

The Championships consisted of 16 events.

AAA Championships
The AAA Championships was an annual track and field competition organised by the Amateur Athletic Association of England. It was the foremost domestic athletics event in the United Kingdom during its lifetime, despite the existence of the official UK Athletics Championships organised by the then governing body for British athletics, the British Athletics Federation between 1977 and 1993, and again in 1997. It was succeeded by the British Athletics Championships, organised by the BEF's replacement (successor), UK Athletics under its brand name British Athletics.
2020 NAIA Division II men's basketball tournament
The 2020 NAIA Division II men's basketball tournament  was the partially-completed tournament held by the NAIA to determine the national champion of men's college basketball among its Division II members in the United States and Canada for the 2019–20 basketball season.

Due to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, only a single round of the tournament was completed before it was ultimately cancelled by the NAIA. In turn, no champion was crowned.

The NAIA had predetermined that this would be the final edition of a separate Division II tournament, planning to consolidate its two divisional tournaments back into a single event for 2021. With the cancellation of this event, the 2019 event was the last completed edition of the tournament.

The completed games of the tournament were played at the Sanford Pentagon in Sioux Falls, South Dakota.

NAIA Division II men's basketball championship
The NAIA Division II men's basketball championship  is the former tournament held by the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) to determine the national champion of men's college basketball among its Division II members in the United States and Canada. The tournament was held annually from 1992 to 2019, after which the NAIA consolidated its two divisions, returning to the single national championship for men's and women's basketball that it held between the event's establishment in 1937 and the division split in 1992.

Over its twenty-eight year history, the tournament was played in four cities and at five venues. Unlike the NCAA's annual basketball tournaments, where games are played at an assortment of regional sites over the course of several weeks, all NAIA tournament games were played at a single, centralized arena.

Bethel (IN), Cornerstone, Indiana Wesleyan, and Oregon Tech won the most NAIA Division II national titles, with three each.
Khabat District
Khabat District (Sorani Kurdish: قەزای خەبات), also spelled Kabat or Qezayê Xebat in Kurdish, is a district located in the western part of Erbil Governorate, in Iraq.

The district comprises three sub-districts: Rizgarî (ڕزگاری، خەبات), Kewrgosk, and Dareşekran, along with a total of 64 villages.

Khabat lies approximately 37 km west of the city of Erbil, situated on the main road connecting Erbil and Mosul.

Erbil Governorate
Erbil Governorate (Kurdish: پارێزگای ھەولێر, romanized: Parêzgeha Hewlêr; Arabic: محافظة أربيل, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Arbīl) is a governorate of Iraq in the semi-autonomous Kurdistan Region. Its capital is Erbil.
Bolt (firearms)
A bolt is the part of a repeating, breechloading firearm that blocks the rear opening (breech) of the barrel chamber while the propellant burns, and moves back and forward to facilitate loading/unloading of cartridges from the magazine.  The firing pin and extractor are often integral parts of the bolt.  The terms "breechblock" and "bolt" are often used interchangeably or without a clear distinction, though usually, a bolt is a type of breechblock that has a nominally circular cross-section.

In most automatic firearms that use delayed blowback, recoil, or gas operation, the bolt itself is housed within the larger bolt carrier group (BCG), which contains additional parts that receives rearward push from a gas tube (direct impingement) or a gas piston (short-stroke or long-stroke piston) system. The slide of a self-loading pistol contains the same components and serves similar functions.

Firing pin
A firing pin or striker is a part of the firing mechanism of a firearm that impacts the primer in the base of a cartridge and causes it to fire.  In firearms terminology, a striker is a particular type of firing pin where a compressed spring acts directly on the firing pin to provide the impact force rather than it being struck by a hammer.

The terms may also be used for a component of equipment or a device which has a similar function.  Such equipment or devices include: artillery, munitions and pyrotechnics.
Duchess Helene of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Duchess Helene of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (Helene Luise Elisabeth; 24 January 1814 – 17 May 1858) was a French Crown Princess after her marriage in 1837 to the eldest son of Louis Philippe I. She is known as the mother of the future Count of Paris and Duke of Chartres.

Her descendants include present-day pretenders to the throne of France, Romania and Italy, and the kings of Spain and Belgium.

Prince Robert, Duke of Chartres
Prince Robert, Duke of Chartres (Robert Philippe Louis Eugène Ferdinand; 9 November 1840 – 5 December 1910), was the son of Prince Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans, and thus, a grandson of King Louis-Philippe of France. He fought for the Union in the American Civil War, and then for France in the 1870 Franco-Prussian War. In 1863, he married his cousin Princess Françoise of Orléans, the daughter of François, Prince of Joinville. In 1886, he was exiled from France.
Arivonimamo II
Arivonimamo II is a rural municipality in Itasy, Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Arivonimamo, which is a part of Itasy Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 10,000 in 2001 commune census.
It is situated at 48km west from the country's capital Antananarivo and 50 km east from Miarinarivo.

Only primary schooling is available. The majority 99.5% of the population of the commune are farmers.  The most important crops are rice and tomato, while other important agricultural products are cucumber, cassava and potatoes. Services provide employment for 0.5% of the population.

Around this municipality there are plots of the natural forest of typical endemic species Uapaca bojeri, commonly known as Tapia forests. 
These forests supplies the village with fruits, champignons and wild silk.

Miarinarivo
Miarinarivo is a city (commune urbaine) in Itasy Region, in the  Central Highlands of Madagascar.

Miarinarivo is located 100 km (62 mi) from Antananarivo, and is the capital of Itasy Region as well as of its own district. It is crossed by National Road 1, which leads from Antananarivo to Tsiroanomandidy.
Monofader
Monofader is a future pop/synthpop duo from Norway, fronted by Richard Bjørklund (from the band Spektralized), and Sebastian Komor (from the band Icon of Coil).  Their music has been described as a cross between Depeche Mode and Erasure.

Metropolis Records
Metropolis Records is a record label that was founded in Philadelphia in 1993, by Dave Heckman. The label's all-electronic format closely tracked with European contemporaries including Off Beat, and since 1995 has been instrumental in promoting and distributing underground electronic music in the U.S.

On June 9, 1999, Metropolis bought the American industrial label, Pendragon Records. It assumed distribution responsibilities for Pendragon's back catalog, as well as that of 21st Circuitry, another industrial label which had gone out of business.
Andrea del Sarto
Andrea del Sarto (US: /ɑːnˌdreɪə dɛl ˈsɑːrtoʊ/, UK: /ænˌ-/, Italian: [anˈdrɛːa del ˈsarto]; 16 July 1486 – 29 September 1530) was an Italian painter from Florence, whose career flourished during the High Renaissance and early Mannerism. He was known as an outstanding fresco decorator, painter of altarpieces, portraitist, draughtsman, and colorist. Although highly regarded during his lifetime as an artist senza errori ("without errors"), his renown was eclipsed after his death by that of his contemporaries Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo and Raphael.

Uffizi
The Uffizi Gallery (UK: /juːˈfɪtsi, ʊˈfiːtsi/ yoo-FIT-see, uu-FEET-see; Italian: Galleria degli Uffizi, pronounced [ɡalleˈriːa deʎʎ ufˈfittsi]) is a prominent art museum adjacent to the Piazza della Signoria in the Historic Centre of Florence in the region of Tuscany, Italy. One of the most important Italian museums and the most visited, it is also one of the largest and best-known in the world and holds a collection of priceless works, particularly from the period of the Italian Renaissance.

After the ruling House of Medici died out, their art collections were given to the city of Florence under the famous Patto di famiglia ("family pact") negotiated by Anna Maria Luisa, the last Medici heiress. The Uffizi is one of the first modern museums. The gallery had been open to visitors by request since the sixteenth century, and in 1769 it was officially opened to the public, formally becoming a museum in 1865.
Pallikondeswara Temple, Surutupalle
Pallikondeswara Temple(also Pradosha kshetram) is a Hindu temple dedicated to the god Shiva located in Surutupalle, a village in Tirupati district of Andhra Pradesh, India. The presiding deity Pallikondeswara, unlike other Shiva temples, is sported in reclining posture lying on the lap of his consort Parvati.

The temple house a three-tiered gateway tower known as gopurams. The temple has numerous shrines, with those of Valmeegeeswarar and Maragathambigai being the most prominent. The temple complex houses many halls and three precincts. The temple has six daily rituals at various times from 6:30 a.m. to 9 p.m., and five yearly festivals on its calendar. The Aipassi Annabishekam is the major festival in the temple. The temple was built by Vijayanagara king Harihara Bukka Raya (1344-47). In modern times, the temple is maintained and administered by State Institute of Temple Administration (SITA) of the Government of Andhra Pradesh.

Vishvamitra
Vishvamitra (Sanskrit: विश्वामित्र, IAST: Viśvāmitra) is one of the most venerated rishis or sages of ancient India. Vishvamitra is one of the seven Brahmarshi.  According to Hindu tradition, he is stated to have written most of the Mandala 3 of the Rigveda, including the Gayatri Mantra (3.62.10). The Puranas mention that only 24 rishis since antiquity have understood the whole meaning of —and thus wielded the whole power of — the Gayatri Mantra. Vishvamitra is supposed to have been the first, and Yajnavalkya the last.

Before renouncing his kingdom and royal status, Brahmarishi Vishvamitra was a king, and thus he retained the title of Rajarshi, or 'royal sage'.
Tritoniopsis flexuosa
Tritoniopsis flexuosa is a perennial plant and geophyte belonging to the genus Tritoniopsis and is part of the fynbos and renosterveld. The species is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs from Shaw's Mountain to the Agulhas Plain. The plant has an area of occurrence of 434 km2 and there are three subpopulations. The plant has lost its habitat to crop cultivation and invasive plants.

Renosterveld
Renosterveld is a term used for one of the major plant communities and vegetation types of the Cape Floristic Region (Cape Floral Kingdom) which is located in southwestern and southeastern South Africa, in southernmost Africa. It is an ecoregion of the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome.
Greenside darter
The greenside darter (Etheostoma blennioides) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It inhabits swift riffles in the eastern United States and southern Ontario.

Percidae
The Percidae are a family of ray-finned fish, part of the order Perciformes, which are found in fresh and brackish waters of the Northern Hemisphere. The majority are Nearctic, but there are also Palearctic species. The family contains nearly 250 species in 12 genera. The perches and their relatives are in this family; well-known species include the walleye, sauger, ruffe, and three species of perch. However, small fish known as darters are also a part of this family.

Despite the widespread and speciose nature of this family, the vast majority of its species diversity is within the darters, which are restricted to eastern North America, and the majority of which have small ranges. Excluding the darters, this family contains only 20 species. In Europe, percids were likely a more ecologically dominant group in the past than now, with the immigration of cyprinids to Europe during the Miocene causing a decline in their importance.
Takamiyama Daigorō
Takamiyama Daigorō (髙見山 大五郎; born 16 June 1944 as Jesse James Wailani Kuhaulua) is an American-born Japanese former professional sumo wrestler. Wrestling for Takasago stable for twenty years from 1964 to 1984, his highest rank was sekiwake. Takamiyama set a number of longevity records in sumo, including most tournaments ranked in the top makuuchi division, and most consecutive top division appearances. In July 1972, he became the first foreign-born wrestler to win the top division championship. He is also the first foreign-born wrestler ever to take charge of a training stable, founding Azumazeki stable in 1986. His most successful wrestler was fellow Hawaiian Akebono who reached the sport's highest rank of yokozuna in 1993. Takamiyama retired as a coach in 2009.

Professional sumo divisions
Professional sumo as administered by the Japanese Sumo Association is divided into six ranked divisions. Wrestlers are promoted and demoted within and between these divisions based on the merit of their win–loss records in official tournaments. For more information, see kachi-koshi and make-koshi. Wrestlers are also ranked within each division. The higher a wrestler's rank within a division is, the general level of opponents he will have to face becomes stronger. According to tradition, each rank is further subdivided into East and West, with East being slightly more prestigious, and ranked slightly higher than its West counterpart. The divisions, ranked in order of hierarchy from highest to lowest, are as follows:
Death Valley '49ers
The Death Valley '49ers were a group of pioneers from the Eastern United States that endured a long and difficult journey during the late 1840s California Gold Rush to prospect in the Sutter's Fort area of the Central Valley and Sierra Nevada in California. Their route from Utah went through the Great Basin Desert in Nevada, and Death Valley and the Mojave Desert in Southern California, in attempting to reach the Gold Country.

Walker Pass
Walker Pass (el. 5,250 ft (1,600 m)) is a mountain pass by Lake Isabella in the southern Sierra Nevada.  It is located in northeastern Kern County, approximately 53 mi (85 km) ENE of Bakersfield and 10 mi (16 km) WNW of Ridgecrest. The pass provides a route between the Kern River Valley and San Joaquin Valley on the west, and the Mojave Desert on the east.

Walker Pass is a National Historic Landmark, and is under the stewardship of the Bureau of Land Management.
General Staff of the Israel Defense Forces
The General Staff of the Israel Defense Forces or General Headquarters (Hebrew: המטה הכללי של צה"ל), abbreviated Matkal (מטכ"ל), is the supreme command of the Israel Defense Forces. It is based in the Kirya compound (Rabin Camp) in Tel Aviv.

Ministry of Defense (Israel)
The Ministry of Defense (Hebrew: משרד הביטחון, romanized: Misrad HaBitahon, lit. 'Ministry of Security', acronym: Hebrew: משהב"ט) of the government of Israel, is the governmental department responsible for defending the State of Israel from internal and external military threats. Its political head is the defense minister of Israel, and its offices are located in HaKirya, Tel Aviv.

The Ministry of Defense oversees most of the Israeli security forces, including the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), Israel Military Industries (IMI), and Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI).

The ministry was established when the British Mandate of Palestine ended, and the British Army departed Palestine and the State of Israel was formed. This ended the rag-tag militia units during British rule and gave way to the formal defense of the Jewish state.
Friar Rush
Friar Rush (Broder Rusche, Bruder Rausch, Broder Ruus) is the title of a medieval Low German legend, surviving in a 1488 edition in verse form. During the 16th and 17th centuries, numerous High German, Scandinavian (Danish and Swedish), Dutch and English translations and adaptations in Volksbuch or chap book form were printed. The first High German edition dates to 1515, printed in Strassburg.

The story along with those of Till Eulenspiegel, Faust and Marcolf was among the most successful popular literature in 16th-century Germany.
The various adaptations vary in their style and focus, some intending to set a moral example or criticize excesses in monastic life, others simply intending to amuse the reader.

George Lyman Kittredge
George Lyman Kittredge (February 28, 1860 – July 23, 1941) was a professor of English literature at Harvard University. His scholarly edition of the works of William Shakespeare was influential in the early 20th century. He was also involved in American folklore studies and was instrumental in the formation and management of the Harvard University Press. One of his better-known books concerned witchcraft in England and New England.
KWQW
KWQW (98.3 FM, "The Vibe") is a top 40 radio station licensed to Boone, Iowa, and serving the Des Moines area. The station is currently owned by Cumulus Media. KWQW's studios are in Urbandale, along with Cumulus' other stations: KGGO, KJJY, KHKI, and KBGG. Its transmitter is located near Big Creek Lake southwest of Sheldahl.

KJJY
KJJY (92.5 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to West Des Moines and serving Central Iowa.  Cumulus Media owns two country music outlets in the Des Moines radio market, KJJY and 97.3 KHKI.  KHKI plays mostly current and recent country hits, while KJJY's playlist goes from current releases to the 1980s and 90s.  The radio studio and offices are located on 109th Street in Urbandale.

KJJY has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 41,000 watts.  The transmitter is on NW 100th Street at White Oak Lane in Grimes, Iowa.
Charvát
Charvát (feminine: Charvátová) is a Czech surname. It is derived from the Czech word Chorvat, meaning 'Croat'. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonín Charvát (1899–1930), Czech cyclist

Gregory Charvat, American scientist

Josef Charvát (1897–1984), Czech physician

Lucie Charvátová (born 1993), Czech biathlete

Olga Charvátová, (born 1962), Czech alpine skier

Petr Charvát (1949–2023), Czech archaeologist and historian

Přemysl Charvát (1930–2005), Czech conductor

Czech name
Czech names are composed of a given name and a family name (surname). Czechs typically get one given name – additional names may be chosen by themselves upon baptism but they generally use one. With marriage, the bride typically adopts the bridegroom's surname.