hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Durham Hosiery Mills Dye House
Durham Hosiery Mills Dye House is a historic textile mill building located at Durham, Durham County, North Carolina. It was constructed by the Durham Hosiery Mills Corporation in three sections between 1920 and 1921. They are the boiler room, office / warehouse, and dyeing area. It is constructed of exterior reinforced concrete bearing walls, steel trusses and a heavy timber (“slow burn”) structural system.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.

Durham County, North Carolina
Durham County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 324,833, making it the sixth-most populous county in North Carolina. Its county seat is Durham, which is the only incorporated municipality predominantly in the county, though very small portions of cities and towns mostly in neighboring counties also extend into Durham County. The central and southern parts of Durham County are highly urban, consisting of the city as well as several unincorporated suburbs. Southeastern Durham County is dominated by the Research Triangle Park, most of which is in Durham County. The northern third of Durham County is rural in nature. Durham County is the core of the Durham–Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Raleigh–Durham–Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.
Hopewell (on Hammer Creek)
Hopewell is an historic, American iron manufacturing site that is located near Hammer Creek in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. The site where Peter Grubb first began his iron making activities sometime around 1739, it is located approximately six miles southeast of Cornwall, Pennsylvania, which was founded by Grubb in 1737.

Hopewell on Hammer Creek should not be confused with Hopewell Furnace National Historic Site.

Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
Lancaster County (/ˈlæŋkɪstər/), sometimes nicknamed the Garden Spot of America or Pennsylvania Dutch Country, is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States.

As of the 2020 census, the population was 552,984, making it Pennsylvania's sixth-most populous county. Its county seat is also Lancaster. Lancaster County comprises the Lancaster metropolitan statistical area. Lancaster County is a tourist destination with its Amish community being a major attraction. The ancestors of the Amish began to immigrate to colonial Pennsylvania in the early 18th century to take advantage of the religious freedom offered by William Penn, as well as the area's rich soil and mild climate. They were joined by French Huguenots fleeing the religious persecution of Louis XIV. There were also significant numbers of English, Welsh and Ulster Scots (also known as the Scotch-Irish in the colonies). The county is part of the South Central region of the commonwealth.
Joe Goode
Joe Goode (né Jose Bueno; March 23, 1937 – March 22, 2025) was an American visual artist, known for his pop art paintings. Goode made a name for himself in Los Angeles, California, through his cloud imagery and milk bottle paintings which were associated with the Pop Art movement. The artist was also closely associated with Light and Space, a West Coast art movement of the early 1960s. He resided in Los Angeles, California.

Norton Simon Museum
The Norton Simon Museum is an art museum located in Pasadena, California, United States. It was previously known as the Pasadena Art Institute and the Pasadena Art Museum and displays numerous sculptures on its grounds.

The Norton Simon collections include European paintings, sculptures, and tapestries; Asian sculptures, paintings, and woodblock prints. Outside sculptures surround the museum, with notable Rodin sculptures near its entrance and other sculptures along Colorado Boulevard and in a landscape setting around a large pond. The museum contains the Norton Simon Theater which shows film programs daily, and hosts lectures, symposia, and dance and musical performances year-round. The museum is located on Colorado Boulevard along the route of the Tournament of Roses's Rose Parade, where its distinctive, brown tile exterior can be seen in the background of television broadcasts.
James and Rose Smith
James Smith and Rose Smith (née Richter) were film editors known for their work in the early days of Hollywood, specifically for their work at the American Mutoscope and Biograph Company working as editors for D.W. Griffith.

The Avenging Conscience
The Avenging Conscience: or "Thou Shalt Not Kill" is a 1914 silent horror film directed by  D. W. Griffith. The film is based on Edgar Allan Poe's 1843 short story "The Tell-Tale Heart" and his 1849 poem "Annabel Lee". Prints of the film survive in the Museum of Modern Art film archive and in the Cohen Media Group collection.
Savannah Union Station
Savannah Union Station was a train station in Savannah, Georgia.  It was located at 419–435 West Broad Street, between Stewart and Roberts Streets. It incorporated the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad, the Seaboard Air Line Railroad and the Southern Railway. While the term, union station, in the United States generally implies a station that hosts all train companies stopping in a city, the Central of Georgia and the Savannah and Atlanta Railway used other stations in Savannah.

Atlantic Coast Line Railroad
The Atlantic Coast Line Railroad (reporting mark ACL) was a United States Class I railroad formed in 1900, though predecessor railroads had used the ACL brand since 1871. In 1967, it merged with long-time rival Seaboard Air Line Railroad to form the Seaboard Coast Line Railroad. Much of the original ACL network has been part of CSX Transportation since 1986.

The Atlantic Coast Line served the Southeast, with a concentration of lines in Florida. Numerous named passenger trains were operated by the railroad for Florida-bound tourists, with the Atlantic Coast Line contributing significantly to Florida's economic development in the first half of the 20th century.

At the end of 1925, ACL operated 4,924 miles of road, not including its flock of subsidiaries; after some merging, mileage at the end of 1960 was 5,570 not including A&WP, CN&L, East Carolina, Georgia, Rockingham, and V&CS. In 1960, ACL reported 10,623 million net ton-miles of revenue freight and 490 million passenger-miles.
Ecash
Ecash was conceived by David Chaum as an anonymous cryptographic electronic money or electronic cash system in 1982. It was realized through his corporation Digicash and used as micropayment system at one US bank from 1995 to 1998.

InfoSpace
Infospace, Inc. was an American company that offered private label search engine, online directory, and provider of metadata feeds. The company's flagship metasearch site was Dogpile and its other notable consumer brands were WebCrawler and MetaCrawler. After a 2012 rename to Blucora, the InfoSpace business unit was sold to data management company OpenMail.
Giulio Strozzi
Giulio Strozzi (1583 - 31 March 1652) was a Venetian poet and libretto writer. His libretti were put to music by composers like Claudio Monteverdi, Francesco Cavalli, Francesco Manelli, and Francesco Sacrati. He sometimes used the pseudonym Luigi Zorzisto.

Ferdinando I de' Medici
Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (30 July 1549 – 17 February 1609) was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1587 to 1609, having succeeded his older brother Francesco I. He expanded the culture of Tuscany, which included presenting the opera Euridice by Jacopo Peri. Ferdinando supported Henry IV of France following the assassination of Henry III of France and provided him with financial support. He expanded the Naviglio canal and started an irrigation project in the Val di Chiana. Ferdinando died on 17 February 1609.
Raḥamim (newspaper)
Raḥamim (רַחֲמִים‎, 'mercy'), also known as Rakhamim, was a Bukharian (Judeo-Tajik) language weekly newspaper published from Skobelev (present-day Fergana in Uzbekistan) between 1910 and 1913, and from Kokand (Turkestan Krai) between 1913 and 1916. It was the first newspaper published in Judeo-Tajik and it was printed in Rashi script.

R-Ḥ-M
R-Ḥ-M (Arabic: ر-ح-م, Hebrew: ר-ח-ם) is the triconsonantal root of many Arabic and Hebrew words, and many of those words are used as names. It indicates mercy and sympathy.

raḥ'mah (Arabic: رحمة), raḥamim (Hebrew: רחמים): "caring; cares, mercy".
Smart number
A smart number is any synthetic unique identifier that communicates additional information about the entity identified. The smart number is conceptually similar to a superkey as defined in the relational model of database organization, but, is intended to inform end users about status of accounts. The term has fallen out of common usage since using one number to carry so much information is considered bad practice.

Common examples of smart numbers in use today include:

Credit card numbers, which contain information about the credit issuing company.

Auto insurance account numbers – vary by company but may contain information such as billing date, account status, and modification count.

The term smart number may also apply to non-geographic telephone numbers, such as Australia's 13, 1300 and 1800 vanity numbers and freephone numbers. See Intelligent Network.

Toll-free telephone number
A toll-free telephone number or freephone number is a telephone number that is billed for all arriving calls. For the calling party, a call to a toll-free number is free of charge, unless air-charges apply for mobile telephone service. A toll-free number is identified by a dialing prefix similar to an area code. The specific service access varies by country.
St Peters railway station
St Peters railway station is a heritage-listed railway station on the Illawarra railway line in the Sydney suburb of St Peters. It is served by Sydney Trains' T8 Airport & South services. The station was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Transport for NSW
Transport for NSW (TfNSW) is a New South Wales Government transport services and roads agency established on 1 November 2011. The agency is a different entity to the NSW Department of Transport, which is a department of the state government of New South Wales, and the ultimate parent entity of Transport for NSW.

The agency's function is to build transport infrastructure and manage transport services in New South Wales. Since absorbing Roads and Maritime Services (RMS) in December 2019, the agency is also responsible for building and maintaining road infrastructure, managing the day-to-day compliance and safety for roads and waterways and vehicle and driving license registrations.

The agency reports to the New South Wales Minister for Transport, Minister for Roads and the Minister for Regional Transport. The ministers are accountable to the Parliament of New South Wales.
Anobrium
Anobrium is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:

Anobrium fasciatum Galileo & Martins, 2002

Anobrium fraterculum Galileo & Martins, 2002

Anobrium leuconotum Galileo & Martins, 2002

Anobrium luridum (Breuning, 1940)

Anobrium minimum Martins, Galileo & de Oliveira, 2009

Anobrium oberthueri Belon, 1902

Anobrium punctatum Galileo & Martins, 2002

Anobrium rugosicollis Galileo & Martins, 2002

Anobrium simplicis Galileo & Martins, 2002

Lamiinae
Lamiinae, commonly called flat-faced longhorns, are a subfamily of the longhorn beetle family (Cerambycidae). The subfamily includes over 750 genera, rivaled in diversity within the family only by the subfamily Cerambycinae.
Internet in Italy
The Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Italy is .it and is sponsored by Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.

Currently Internet access is available to businesses and home users in various forms, including dial-up, fiber, cable, DSL, and wireless.

Top-level domain
A top-level domain (TLD) is one of the domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain Name System of the Internet after the root domain. The top-level domain names are installed in the root zone of the name space. For all domains in lower levels, it is the last part of the domain name, that is, the last non-empty label of a fully qualified domain name. For example, in the domain name www.example.com, the top-level domain is .com. Responsibility for management of most top-level domains is delegated to specific organizations by the ICANN, an Internet multi-stakeholder community, which operates the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), and is in charge of maintaining the DNS root zone.
Robert Bintz
Robert Bintz (16 February 1930 – 4 September 2022) was a Luxembourgish cyclist. He competed in the individual and team road race events at the 1948 Summer Olympics. He also rode in the 1951 Tour de France. Bintz died in Bettembourg on 4 September 2022, at the age of 92.

1951 Tour de France
The 1951 Tour de France was the 38th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 4 to 29 July. It consisted of 24 stages over 4,690 km (2,914 mi). The race started outside Île-de-France for the first time since 1926; a change that remained permanent beyond 1951 with the exceptions of 1963, 1983, 1984, 1986 and 2003.

The race was won by Swiss cyclist Hugo Koblet. Koblet used his time-trial abilities to win large amounts of time. Dutch cyclist Wim van Est gained fame, not only by becoming the first Dutch cyclist to lead the Tour de France, but more by falling down a ravine in the leader's jersey.
KAB-250
The KAB-250 is a family of aerial bombs developed in the 2000s. It comes in two forms, the KAB-250LG-E laser-guided bomb and KAB-250S-E satellite-guided bomb. It is being introduced into service with the Russian Air Force since 2020. KAB stands for "Корректируемая Авиационная Бомба" which means "Managed (corrected) aircraft bomb" and refers to high-precision weapons.

The KAB-250 is 10.5 ft (3.2 m) long and weighs 565 lb (256 kg). Its warhead makes up 365 lb (166 kg) of the total weight, of which 200 lb (91 kg) is blast-effect high explosive. Russian sources credit it with a CEP of 3 meters (9.8 feet) to 5 meters (16 feet). The technology of KAB-250 is also used for the larger KAB-500L.

It has a noticeable, egg-shaped form and has been integrated on and dropped by Sukhoi Su-34 on Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant  targets from 5,000 metres (16,000 feet) altitudes.

Aerial bomb
An aerial bomb is a type of explosive or incendiary weapon intended to travel through the air on a predictable trajectory. Engineers usually develop such bombs to be dropped from an aircraft.

The use of aerial bombs is termed aerial bombing.
Sheena Duncan
Sheena Duncan (7 December 1932 – 4 May 2010) was a South African anti-Apartheid activist and counselor.  Duncan was the daughter of Jean Sinclair, one of the co-founders of the Black Sash, a group of white, middle-class South African women who offered support to black South Africans and advocated the non-violent abolishment of the Apartheid system. Duncan served two terms as the leader of Black Sash.

Order of the Baobab
The Order of the Baobab is a South African civilian national honour, awarded to those for service in business and the economy; science, medicine, and for technological innovation; and community service. It was instituted on 6 December 2002, and is awarded annually by the President of South Africa. The order is named after the baobab tree, which was chosen as a symbol because of its endurance and tolerance, its vitality, its importance in agro-forestry systems, and its use as a meeting place in traditional African societies.

Until the Order of Luthuli and the Order of Ikhamanga were established in 2004, the Order of the Baobab also covered service in the fields now covered by those orders.
Blattman
Blattman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Chris Blattman (born 1974), American economist and political scientist

Fabian Blattman (born 1958), Australian Paralympic athlete

Seth Blattman, American politician

Chris Blattman
Christopher Blattman is a Canadian-American economist and political scientist working on conflict, crime, and international development. He is the Ramalee E. Pearson Professor of Global Conflict Studies at the University of Chicago's Harris School of Public Policy Studies and The Pearson Institute for the Study and Resolution of Global Conflicts. He is active on Twitter as well as an early blogger on international economics and politics. He is the author of Why We Fight: The Roots of War and the Paths to Peace, published by Viking Press in 2022.

Blattman is also a research associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research, a non-resident fellow with the Center for Global Development, and a Board Member and academic lead of the Crime and Violence Section of the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab.
Deng Xiaoping and the Making of Modern China
Deng Xiaoping and the Making of Modern China is a book by Sir Richard Evans chronicling the rise of Deng Xiaoping as the leader of the People's Republic of China. The first British edition was published in 1993 by the Hamilton company. The first American edition was published by Viking Books in 1993. This was Evans's first book. Evans had served as the Ambassador of the United Kingdom to China, from 1984 to 1988. To conduct his research, with approval of PRC officials, Evans had interviewed several PRC governmental officials. At the time of publication, there were multiple books about Deng Xiaoping being published in Chinese and English.

The China Quarterly
The China Quarterly is a British triple-anonymous peer-reviewed academic journal established in 1960 and published by Cambridge University Press. Owned by the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, the journal is considered one of the most important academic journals about China in the world.

The China Quarterly covers anthropology, business, literature, economics, geography, history, international affairs, law, politics, sociology, and the arts of contemporary China including Taiwan. Each issue contains articles, research reports, and a book review section.
2013 ITF Women's Circuit – Sanya
The 2013 ITF Women's Circuit – Sanya was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the third edition of the tournament which was part of the 2013 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $50,000 in prize money. It took place in Sanya, China, on 9–15 September 2013.

Zhao Yijing
Zhao Yijing (Chinese: 赵依静; pinyin: Zhào Yījìng; Mandarin pronunciation: [ʈʂâʊ í tɕîŋ]; born 7 February 1989) is a Chinese former tennis player.

On 11 June 2012, she reached her career-high WTA singles ranking of 244. On 9 July 2012, she peaked at No. 222 in the doubles rankings. Zhao won four singles and nine doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
Preondactylus
Preondactylus is a genus of long-tailed pterosaurs from the Late Triassic (Carnian-Norian or late Norian, about 217-214 million years ago) that inhabited what is now Italy. It contains a single known species, Preondactylus buffarinii, which was discovered by Nando Buffarini in 1982 at the Forni Dolostone near Udine in the Preone valley of the Italian Alps.

Forni Dolostone
The Forni Dolostone, also known as the Dolomia di Forni, is a Late Triassic (Norian, or Alaunian in the local biochronology) dolomite geological formation in northeastern Italy. The formation was deposited in a lagoonal to shallow marine environment.
1939 Madrid Victory Parade
The 1939 Madrid Victory Parade (Spanish: desfile de la Victoria de Madrid de 1939) was held in Madrid on 19 May 1939, over a month after the victory of the Nationalists in the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939). It was the climax of a series of parades held in various Spanish capitals. It was also the first of a yearly series, named Día de la Victoria (Victory Day), held on 1 April until 1976, the year after Francisco Franco's death. The parade, along with a church ceremony at Santa Bárbara on the following day, aimed to underscore the enduring nature of Franco's headship of the state during the conflict and to solidify his role as the victorious "Caudillo" to the nation.

Primacy of the Spains
The Primacy of the Spains (Portuguese: Primaz das Espanhas; Spanish: Primado de las Españas, Catalan: Primat de les Espanyes) is the primacy of the Iberian Peninsula, historically known as Hispania or in the plural as the Spains. The Archbishop of Braga, in Portugal, has claimed this primacy over the whole Iberian Peninsula since the middle ages, however today his primacy is only recognized in Portugal. The Archbishop of Toledo in Spain has claimed the Primacy of Spain, as the primate above all other episcopal sees in  Spain.  In addition, the Archbishop of Tarragona in Catalonia also makes use of the title. The Archbishops in Braga, Toledo and Tarragona, if raised to the rank of cardinal, are known as Cardinal-Primates.
Cum Laude Laurie
Cum Laude Laurie (May 25, 1974 – March 16, 1982) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse. Bred and raced by the Galbreath family of Darby Dan Farm, she was a daughter of the Champion sire Hail To Reason and the mare Primonetta, the 1962 American Champion Older Female Horse. Her damsire, Swaps was the 1956 American Horse of the Year and a U.S. Racing Hall of Fame inductee.

Trained by Lou Rondinello and ridden by Ángel Cordero Jr., as a three-year-old, Cum Laude Laurie concluded her campaign with four straight stakes races, all of which were Grade 1 events.

She died after surgery for a mesenteric hernia at the age of 7 years, 9 months. At the time of her death, she was in foal to Foolish Pleasure and was due to foal on May 1, 1982.

Leading sire in North America
The list below shows the leading sire of Thoroughbred racehorses in North America for each year since 1830. This is determined by the amount of prize money won by the sire's progeny during the year. It is restricted to stallions which are based in North America, but currently includes earnings from overseas races in Great Britain, Ireland, France, Italy, Germany and the United Arab Emirates as well as domestic earnings.

Prior to 2015, the Leading Sire Lists published by The Blood-Horse excluded earnings from Hong Kong and Japan due to the disparity in purses. Starting in 2015, earnings from Hong Kong and Japan are included on an adjusted basis.

The 2016 novel Mount! by Jilly Cooper describes the process to gain the fictional title for global leading sire.