hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Haktang-ni
The Battle of Haktang-ni was a skirmish in which elements of the People's Volunteer Army attacked an advanced position held by the Belgium–Luxembourg Battalion along a ridge-line known as "Broken Arrow" or "Broken Arrow Hill" (Hill 391) between 9 and 13 October 1951.

People's Volunteer Army
The People's Volunteer Army (PVA), officially the Chinese People's Volunteers (CPV), was the armed expeditionary forces deployed by the People's Republic of China during the Korean War. Although all units in the PVA were actually transferred from the People's Liberation Army (PLA) under the orders of Chairman Mao Zedong, the PVA was separately constituted in order to prevent an official war with the United States. The PVA entered Korea on 19 October 1950 and completely withdrew by October 1958. The nominal commander and political commissar of the PVA was Peng Dehuai before the ceasefire agreement in 1953, although both Chen Geng and Deng Hua served as the acting commander and commissar after April 1952 following Peng's illness. The initial (25 October – 5 November 1950) units in the PVA included 38th, 39th, 40th, 42nd, 50th, 66th Corps; totalling 250,000 men. About 3 million Chinese civilian and military personnel had served in Korea throughout the war.
Heinkel HE 8
The Heinkel HE 8 was a reconnaissance floatplane built in Germany in the late 1920s. It was developed at the request of the Danish Navy, which had noted the success of the HE 5 in Swedish service, and wished to purchase a similar aircraft as well as licensed production as the Orlogsvaerftet HM.II. Apart from its new Armstrong Siddeley engine, the HE 8 also differed from the HE 5 and previous members of the HE 1 family in having a conventional empennage. 22 aircraft were operated until the German invasion in 1940, after which one example was impressed into Luftwaffe service and the remainder placed in storage.

A single HE 8 was built with a Packard 3A-2500 engine and designated HE 31.

Orlogsværftet
Orlogsværftet (lit. 'the War yard') was a Danish naval shipyard under the Royal Danish Navy. Before 1924, it was an integral part of the naval base at Holmen in central Copenhagen, Denmark. It has an independent management from 1692, when Olaus Judichær became the first factory director.

In 1924, the shipyard was established as a regular company under the Naval Ministry. They were given the responsibility to build and maintain naval ships and aircraft.

Orlogsværftet delivered its last newly built vessel in 1970, the submarine Nordkaperen, and continued as a repair yard until 1995— when the navy was moved out of Copenhagen to Korsør and Frederikshavn. Maersk-owned Odense Steel Shipyard replaced Orlogsværftet as the navy's primary shipyard.

In the 20th century, the ship yard also produced a smaller number of civilian vessels; including ferrys for the Danish State Railways, boats for the Royal Danish Mail and a single ship for GN Store Nord.
City of Borders
City of Borders is a 2009 documentary film by Korean-American director Yun Suh that captures the lives of several patrons who frequented the only gay bar in Jerusalem at the time named Shushan. The film stars primarily Sa'ar Netanel, Boody, Samira Saraya, Ravit Geva, and Adam Russo, whose stories reflect the contemporary resistant attitude towards the LGBT community in Jerusalem. The film premiered on February 6, 2009 at the Berlin International Film Festival, and is now available on DVD.

Saar Netanel
Saar Netanel (Hebrew: סער נתנאל; born c.1972) was a Jerusalem city council member and was one of the owners of Jerusalem’s only gay pub (The Shushan Pub) at the time it closed in 2007.  He was the first openly gay man elected to an Israeli city council.  Netanel was chairman of the Jerusalem Meretz branch.

A riot broke out at Wigstock “98 (an annual AIDS fundraiser and drag festival) and four were arrested. Netanel, who was chair of Hebrew University of Jerusalem’s LGBT student union, Ha'Asiron Ha'Acher, was one of the people arrested.
The White Bride and the Black One
"The White Bride and the Black One" is a German fairy tale collected by the Brothers Grimm, tale number 135. It is Aarne-Thompson type 403A.  Other tales of this type include The Three Little Men in the Wood, Brother and Sister, Bushy Bride, and The Enchanted Wreath.

Aarne–Thompson–Uther Index
The Aarne–Thompson–Uther Index (ATU Index) is a catalogue of folktale types used in folklore studies. The ATU index is the product of a series of revisions and expansions by an international group of scholars: Originally published in German by Finnish folklorist Antti Aarne (1910), the index was translated into English, revised, and expanded by American folklorist Stith Thompson (1928, 1961), and later further revised and expanded by German folklorist Hans-Jörg Uther (2004). The ATU index is an essential tool for folklorists, used along with the Thompson (1932) Motif-Index of Folk-Literature.
Morgan Ensberg
Morgan Paul Ensberg (born August 26, 1975) is an American former professional baseball infielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Houston Astros, San Diego Padres, and New York Yankees. Ensberg bats and throws right-handed. From 2011–12 he was the co-host of MLB Roundtrip on SiriusXM's MLB Network Radio. As of 2025, Ensberg is the manager of the Durham Bulls, the Triple-A affiliate of the Tampa Bay Rays.

MLB Network Radio
MLB Network Radio (formerly MLB Home Plate, Channel 89) is an American sports talk radio station on Sirius XM Radio that features Major League Baseball related talk shows, as well as archives and live reports about live game action, along with other baseball leagues and teams worldwide.

The network also simulcasts live national play-by-play from games broadcast by Major League Baseball on ESPN Radio, along with occasional highlight coverage from other team radio networks.

MLB Home Plate launched in February 2005 to retain listeners with programs related to baseball when games were not occurring, and especially to provide continuing content during the hot stove season. MLB Network Radio is carried on XM channel 89, and was added to the "Best of XM" package on Sirius Satellite Radio on December 10, 2008, airing on channel 209.
John Allen Farm massacre
The John Allen Farm massacre occurred in South Argyle, Washington County, New York, on 25 or 26 July 1777 during the advancement of the British army in the Saratoga campaign of the American Revolutionary War.  Six members of the John Allen family and two or three enslaved servants loaned to the Allens were killed by Native Americans attached to General John Burgoyne's British troops. Shortly thereafter, on 27 July, Native Americans led by the warrior Le Loup attacked and killed Jane McCrea in nearby Fort Edward, which garnered publicity in newspapers along the eastern seaboard of America and is believed to have helped rally locals to the American patriotic cause.

Fort Edward (village), New York
Fort Edward is a village in Washington County, New York, United States. It is part of the Glens Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area. The village population was 3,375 at the 2010 census. The name is derived from the younger brother of King George III, Edward Augustus, Duke of York and Albany.

The village is part of the town of Fort Edward, which contains the county seat of Washington County just north of the village limits.
Central Ohio Subdivision
The Central Ohio Subdivision is owned by CSX Transportation and operated by Columbus and Ohio River Railroad in the U.S. State of Ohio. The line runs from Newark to Cambridge for a total of 54.41 miles (87.56 km). At its west end the line continues east from the Columbus and Ohio River Railroad C&N Subdivision and at its east end the line comes to an end.

Cambridge, Ohio
Cambridge (/ˈkeɪmbrɪdʒ/ KAYM-brij) is a city in Guernsey County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 10,089 at the 2020 census. It lies in the Appalachian Plateau of the Appalachian Mountains in southeastern Ohio. It is the principal city of the Cambridge micropolitan area and is located adjacent to the intersection of Interstates 70 and 77.

Cambridge is well known among glass collectors as being the location for the Cambridge Glass, Boyd Glass and Mosser Glass plants. The Cambridge area is also noted for its S-shaped bridges, dating back to the building of the National Road in 1828.
Satisfy You (Sweethearts of the Rodeo song)
"Satisfy You" is a song written by Janis Oliver and Don Schlitz, and recorded by American country music duo Sweethearts of the Rodeo.  It was released in April 1988 as the first single from the album One Time, One Night.  The song reached #5 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart, the Sweethearts of the Rodeo's fourth best performance overall in the US charts for a single. As of December 2020, it has over one million views on its YouTube music video.

One Time, One Night
One Time, One Night is the second studio album by American country music duo Sweethearts of the Rodeo, released in 1988 via Columbia Records. The album includes "Satisfy You" and "Blue to the Bone," which both hit #5 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart. A cover of the Beatles's "I Feel Fine" rose to #9, while "If I Never See Midnight Again" could only manage a #39 ranking. Other notable tunes include "You Never Talk Sweet" and a cover of an Everly Brothers song, "So Sad (To Watch Good Love Go Bad)."
Tim Russell
Tim Russell (born 1947) is an American radio announcer and voice actor (AFTRA/SAG) in Minneapolis – Saint Paul. He is most widely known as one of the actors on the long-running radio show, A Prairie Home Companion, and continued in that role on the show, re-titled, Live From Here with Chris Thile until September 2018. As a voice-over talent and announcer, Russell also appears in radio and television commercials.

American Federation of Television and Radio Artists
The American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (AFTRA) was a performers' union that represented a wide variety of talent, including actors in radio and television, radio and television announcers and newspersons, singers and recording artists (both royalty artists and background singers), promo and voice-over announcers and other performers in commercials, stunt persons and specialty acts—as the organization itself publicly stated, "AFTRA's membership includes an array of talent". On March 30, 2012, the members of AFTRA and of the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) voted to merge and form SAG-AFTRA.
Aptazapine
Aptazapine (developmental code name CGS-7525A) is a tetracyclic antidepressant (TeCA) that was assayed in clinical trials for the treatment of depression in the 1980s but was never marketed. It is a potent α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist with about 10 times the strength of the related compound mianserin and has also been shown to act as a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist and H1 receptor inverse agonist, while having no significant effects on the reuptake of serotonin or norepinephrine. Based on its pharmacological profile, aptazapine may be classified as a noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant (NaSSA).

Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor
The alpha-2 (α2) adrenergic receptor (or adrenoceptor) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) associated with the Gi heterotrimeric G-protein. It consists of three homologous subtypes, α2A-, α2B-, and α2C-adrenergic. Some species other than humans express a fourth α2D-adrenergic receptor as well. Catecholamines like norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) signal through the α2-adrenergic receptor in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
Chen Yuanyuan
Chen Yuanyuan (c. 1623–1689 or 1695) was a Chinese courtesan who later became the concubine of military leader Wu Sangui. In Chinese folklore, Chen’s capture by the Shun army during Li Zicheng’s conquest of Beijing in 1644 prompted Wu’s fateful decision to open Shanhai Pass to the Manchu army in order to form a joint force to rescue her, an act that sealed the downfall of the Ming dynasty and the founding of the Qing.

Frederic Wakeman
Frederic Evans Wakeman Jr. (Chinese: 魏斐德; pinyin: Wèi Fěidé; December 12, 1937 – September 14, 2006) was an American scholar of East Asian history and Professor of History at University of California, Berkeley. He served as president of the American Historical Association and of the Social Science Research Council. Jonathan D. Spence said of Wakeman that he was an evocative writer who chose, "like the novelist he really wanted to be, stories that split into different currents and swept the reader along", adding that he was "quite simply the best modern Chinese historian of the last 30 years".
Horse Island (Michigan)
Horse Island is an island in the Detroit River, in southeast Michigan. It is in Wayne County. Its coordinates are 42°04′55″N 83°11′06″W﻿ / ﻿42.08194°N 83.18500°W﻿ / 42.08194; -83.18500﻿ (Horse Island), and the United States Geological Survey gave its elevation as 571 ft (174 m) in 1980. Walleye can be caught there.

Wayne County, Michigan
Wayne County is the most populous county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of 2020, the United States census placed its population at 1,793,561, making it the 19th-most populous county in the United States. The county seat is Detroit. The county was founded in 1796 and organized in 1815. Wayne County is included in the Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is one of several U.S. counties named after Revolutionary War-era general Anthony Wayne.
Samantha (Hole song)
"Samantha" is a song by the American alternative rock band Hole. It is the fifth track on the band's fourth studio album, Nobody's Daughter, released on Mercury Records on April 23, 2010. Written by vocalist Courtney Love, The Smashing Pumpkins frontman Billy Corgan and music producer Linda Perry, "Samantha" was originally planned as the album's lead single. "Skinny Little Bitch" was later released as the album's lead single on March 12, 2010, and "Samantha" did not receive a single release reputedly due to the controversy over its composition.

Despite not receiving a single release, a music video for "Samantha" was released in September 2011. Directed by Pablo Ganguli and Alphan Eseli, it was Hole's first music video since "Be a Man" in 2000 and is set in a post-apocalyptic world with Love wearing a wedding dress with the word "cunt" embroidered on it, burning dollar bills. A high-definition version of the video leaked on social media web site Vimeo prior to its official release.

Linda Perry
Linda Perry (born April 15, 1965) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, and record producer. She is the lead singer and primary songwriter and guitarist of 4 Non Blondes, including their 1993 hit "What's Up?". She has since founded two record labels and composed and produced songs for other artists, which include: "Beautiful" by Christina Aguilera; "What You Waiting For?" by Gwen Stefani; and "Get the Party Started" by Pink. Perry also contributed to albums by Adele, Alicia Keys, and Courtney Love, as well as signing and distributing James Blunt in the United States. Perry was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2015.
Merveldt family
The House of Merveldt (also Meerveldt or Merfeld) is the name of an ancient Westphalian aristocratic family, which belongs to the German nobility of the Middle Ages. The Herrn (Lords) von Merveldt were among the oldest families in the Münsterland. Merfeld, the eponymous seat of the family, is now a neighborhood of the city of Dülmen in the District of Coesfeld in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany.

Vechta
Vechta (German pronunciation: [ˈfɛçta] ⓘ; Northern Low Saxon: Vechte) is the capital and largest city of the Vechta district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is home to the University of Vechta.

It is known for the 'Stoppelmarkt' fair, which takes place every summer and has a history dating back to 1298. With an attendance of 800,000 visitors it is one of the biggest annual fairs in north-western Germany.

In the recent past, the town was known as a centre of far-northern German Catholicism.
Hannah Bromley
Hannah Bromley (born 15 November 1986) in New Plymouth, New Zealand, is a former footballer who played as a defensive midfielder and central defender. She has represented New Zealand on the senior national team as well as various youth national teams.

New Zealand women's national football team
The New Zealand women's national football team represents New Zealand in international football competitions, and is governed by New Zealand Football (NZF). They are nicknamed the Football Ferns.

The New Zealand national team has taken part in the FIFA Women's World Cup six times, making their debut in 1991. New Zealand co-hosted the 2023 World Cup alongside Australia. They have failed to go past the group stage in all occasions.
Pearl Django
Pearl Django is a jazz group established in 1994 in Tacoma, Washington by guitarists Neil Andersson and Dudley Hill and bassist David "Pope" Firman. The group melds the music of Django Reinhardt and Stephane Grappelli with American Swing. Initially a trio, they have changed and added members over the years and are now a quintet. Based in Seattle, they have played around the United States, as well as in France and Iceland.

The band has performed at the prestigious Festival Django Reinhardt in Samois-sur-Seine and at Juan de Fuca Festival. They have played with Martin Taylor, Bucky Pizzarelli, and Gail Pettis, a two-time recipient of the Earshot Jazz 'Jazz Vocalist Of The Year' award. The British virtuoso Taylor turns up on three tracks of their 2011 album Eleven. On their twelfth album, Time Flies, released in 2015, all tracks are their own compositions except for one classic bossa nova.

Earshot Jazz
Earshot Jazz is a regional jazz non-profit organization in Seattle, Washington. It brings jazz musicians and enthusiasts from the greater Seattle area and around the Pacific Northwest to create a jazz community that wants to keep the legacy of the deep rooted history of jazz. Efforts include festivals, education programs, publishing a magazine, and recognizing exceptional artists.
Tonyrefail School
Tonyrefail School was an 11-18 mixed comprehensive school of approximately 1050 students that served the town of Tonyrefail and the surrounding areas.

The school was situated on the north side of the town of Tonyrefail, on the B4278 near Bryngolau, around three miles south of Tonypandy and about four miles west of Pontypridd. It took its pupils from a cluster of six primary schools, Abercerdin, Cwmlai, Hendreforgan, Tonyrefail, Tref-y-Rhyg, and Williamstown, and worked with other schools in Rhondda Cynon Taf to offer a range of post-16 courses at its Sixth Form Centre.

The school was closed in April 2019.

Pontypridd
Pontypridd (/ˌpɒntɪˈpriːð/ PON-tih-PREEDH, Welsh: [ˌpɔntəˈpriːð]), colloquially referred to as Ponty, is a town and a community in Rhondda Cynon Taf, South Wales, approximately 10 miles (16 km) north west of Cardiff city centre.
Josef Simon
Josef Simon (1 August 1930 – 28 March 2016) was a contemporary German philosopher and professor of the University of Bonn, born in Hupperath. He wrote extensively on metaphysics, epistemology, the philosophy of German idealism and various philosophers, mainly Kant, Hamann and Nietzsche. Perhaps Simon's most influential work has been in the philosophy of language. His main work, Philosophie des Zeichens, has been influenced by, among others, Kant, Hegel, Peirce and Wittgenstein, Hamann, Humboldt or Nietzsche.

He died in Bonn.

Philosophy of language
Philosophy of language is the philosophical study of the nature of language. It investigates the relationship between language, language users, and the world. Investigations may include inquiry into the nature of meaning, indexicality, intentionality, reference, the constitution of sentences, concepts, learning, and thought.

Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell were pivotal figures in analytic philosophy's "linguistic turn". These writers were followed by Ludwig Wittgenstein (Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus), the Vienna Circle, logical positivists, and Willard Van Orman Quine.
Tianchisaurus
Tianchisaurus (meaning "heavenly pool lizard"), also invalidly called Tianchiasaurus and "Jurassosaurus", is a genus of ankylosaurian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian-Kimmeridgian) Toutunhe Formation of China. While many later-diverging ankylosaurids had bony clubs at the tips of their tails, Tianchisaurus likely lacked such a structure.

Oxfordian age
The Oxfordian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, the earliest age of the Late Jurassic Epoch, or the lowest stage of the Upper Jurassic Series. It spans the time between 161.5 ± 1.0 Ma and 154.8 ± 0.8 Ma (million years ago). The Oxfordian is preceded by the Callovian and is followed by the Kimmeridgian.
David Williams (New Zealand legal scholar)
David Vernon Williams FRSNZ is a professor, and former deputy dean of the University of Auckland's Faculty of Law. He comes from the Hawke's Bay region of New Zealand, and was educated at Wanganui Collegiate School.

Huia Publishers
Huia Publishers is a New Zealand publishing company based in Wellington, established in 1991. Huia publishes material in Māori and English for adults and children, including graphic novels, picture books, chapter books, novels and resources for kura kaupapa Māori (Māori language schools).
Irreligion in Bangladesh
Irreligion in Bangladesh is rare and uncommon. A Gallup survey conducted between 2014 and 2015 found that approximately less than 1% identified as convinced atheists in the poll. Bangladesh has 165.2 million people as of the 2022 census.

Humayun Azad
Humayun Azad  (28 April 1947  – 12 August 2004) was a Bangladeshi poet, novelist, short-story writer, critic, linguist, columnist and professor of Dhaka University. He wrote more than 70 titles. He was awarded the Bangla Academy Literary Award in 1986 for his contributions to Bengali linguistics. In 2012, the government of Bangladesh honored him with Ekushey Padak posthumously for his contributions to Bengali literature.
Lober (Mulde)
The Lober is a river of Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It flows into the Mulde near Pouch. Its course has been heavily affected by lignite mining; its lower course is a canal, also called Lober-Leine-Kanal. The Lober flows through the town Delitzsch.

Lignite
Lignite (from Latin  lignum 'wood'), often called brown coal, is a soft, brown, combustible sedimentary rock formed from naturally compressed peat. It has a carbon content around 25–35% and is considered the lowest rank of coal due to its relatively low heat content. When removed from the ground, it contains a very high amount of moisture, which partially explains its low carbon content. Lignite is mined all around the world and is used almost exclusively as a fuel for steam-electric power generation.

Lignite combustion produces less heat for the amount of carbon dioxide and sulfur released than other ranks of coal. As a result, lignite is the most harmful coal to human health. Depending on the source, various toxic heavy metals, including naturally occurring radioactive materials, may be present in lignite and left over in the coal fly ash produced from its combustion, further increasing health risks.