hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Friedrich Wilhelm Ghillany
Friedrich Wilhelm Ghillany (18 April 1807 in Erlangen – 26 June 1876) was a German Lutheran theologian, historian, librarian and publicist.

His rationalist outlook, influenced by Georg Friedrich Daumer, forced him to retire from 
his post as vicar at St. Aegidius parish in Nuremberg. He became city librarian in Nuremberg in 1841. His early publications are pamphlets against Lutheran bigotry, specifically agitating against the Old Lutheran president of the Lutheran assembly in Munich, Friedrich von Roth. In 1855, Ghillany moved to Munich, but he did not succeed in finding employment as a civil servant or diplomat, and he went on to publish multi-volume works on European history. He also continued to publish on religious topics, but now under a pseudonym.

Old Lutherans
Old Lutherans were German Lutherans in the Kingdom of Prussia, especially in the Province of Silesia, who refused to join the Prussian Union of churches in the 1830s and 1840s. Prussia's king, Frederick William III, was determined to unify the Protestant churches and homogenize their liturgy, organization, and architecture. In a series of proclamations over several years the Church of the Prussian Union was formed, bringing together a group that was majority Lutheran and minority Reformed. As a result, the government of Prussia had full control over church affairs, with the king recognized as the leading bishop.

Attempted suppression of the Old Lutherans led many to emigrate to Australia, Canada, and the United States, resulting in the creation of significant Lutheran denominations in those countries.

The legacy of Old Lutherans also survives in the Independent Evangelical Lutheran Church in modern Germany.
Men's Low-Kick at W.A.K.O. European Championships 2004 Budva -51 kg
The men's light bantamweight (51 kg/112.2 lbs) Low-Kick division at the W.A.K.O. European Championships 2004 in Budva was the lightest of the male Low-Kick tournaments and was one of the smallest involving just three fighters.  Each of the matches was three rounds of two minutes each and were fought under Low-Kick kickboxing rules.

As there was too few fighters for a tournament designed for four, one of the contestants received a bye through to the final.  The tournament gold medallist was Russia's Ivan Bityutskikh who defeated Maksim Tulai from Belarus by unanimous decision.  The bronze medal position went to the only other participant, Ante Juricev Sudac from Croatia.

Unanimous decision
A unanimous decision (UD) is a winning criterion in several full-contact combat sports, such as boxing, kickboxing, Muay Thai, mixed martial arts and other sports involving striking and submission in which all three judges agree on which fighter won the match.

In boxing, each of the three judges keeps score (round by round) of which fighter they feel is winning (and losing). This only includes landed blows to the head or the body. In MMA, judges look for different criteria such as kicks, take-downs, punches, knees, elbows, cage control, submission attempts, and aggression. A decision is not required to be unanimous for a boxer or mixed martial artist to be given a victory. In the modern era of Olympic boxing, UD is utilized more often than other outcomes, including stoppages. Unanimous decision should not be confused with a majority decision or split decision.
Luis Villoro
Luis Villoro Toranzo (3 November 1922 – 5 March 2014) was a Spanish–Mexican philosopher, researcher, university professor, diplomat, academic and writer. He published more than ten books between 1950 and 2007.

Villoro was born in Barcelona on 3 November 1922 to a Spanish father and a Mexican mother. Between 1983 and 1987, he was a delegate for Mexico in UNESCO. He was named an honorary member of the Academia Mexicana de la Lengua in 2007.

Luis Villoro received the Premio Nacional de Ciencias y Artes in 1986, for his effort in the field of history, social sciences, and philosophy. In 2004 he received an honorary doctorate from the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Villoro died from respiratory failure on 5 March 2014 in Mexico City. He was 91 years old.

Respiratory failure
Respiratory failure results from inadequate gas exchange by the respiratory system, meaning that the arterial oxygen, carbon dioxide, or both cannot be kept at normal levels. A drop in the oxygen carried in the blood is known as hypoxemia; a rise in arterial carbon dioxide levels is called hypercapnia. Respiratory failure is classified as either Type 1 or Type 2, based on whether there is a high carbon dioxide level, and can be acute or chronic. In clinical trials, the definition of respiratory failure usually includes increased respiratory rate, abnormal blood gases (hypoxemia, hypercapnia, or both), and evidence of increased work of breathing. Respiratory failure causes an altered state of consciousness due to ischemia in the brain.

The typical partial pressure reference values are oxygen Pa O2 more than 80 mmHg (11 kPa) and carbon dioxide Pa CO2 less than 45 mmHg (6.0 kPa).
Junk Brothers
Junk Brothers is a reality television series broadcast by HGTV Canada. Brothers and show hosts Steve and Jim Kelley collect discarded items and use these to create new furniture. These works are then returned to the people who discarded them; the former owners of the 'junk' do not expect their discards to be refurbished in this manner.

The first episode aired 6 April 2006. By July 2006, the series was also televised on the American HGTV network. A second season began airing in Canada and the US in January 2007.

HGTV
HGTV (Home & Garden Television) is an American basic cable channel owned by Warner Bros. Discovery. The network primarily broadcasts reality programming related to home improvement and real estate. It was formerly owned by the E. W. Scripps Company, which spun off its cable networks, including HGTV, into Scripps Networks Interactive. As of November 2023, HGTV was available to approximately 72,000,000 pay television households in the United States, down from its 2011 peak of 100,000,000 households.
Theodor Boveri
Theodor Heinrich Boveri (12 October 1862 – 15 October 1915) was a German zoologist, comparative anatomist and co-founder of modern cytology. He was notable for the first hypothesis regarding cellular processes that cause cancer, and for describing chromatin diminution in nematodes. His brother was industrialist Walter Boveri. Boveri was married to the American biologist Marcella O'Grady (1863–1950). Their daughter Margret Boveri (1900–1975) became one of the best-known journalists in post-World War II Germany.

Comparative anatomy
Comparative anatomy is a study of similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species. It is closely related to evolutionary biology and phylogeny (the evolution of species).

The science began in the classical era, continuing in the early modern period with work by Pierre Belon who noted the similarities of the skeletons of birds and humans.

Comparative anatomy has provided evidence of common descent, and has assisted in the classification of animals.
Đỗ Cảnh Thạc
Đỗ Cảnh Thạc (chữ Hán: 杜景碩, 912–967), formally Duke Cảnh (景公), was a warlord of Vietnam during the Period of the 12 Warlords.

Đỗ Cảnh Thạc was a Chinese from Guangling (in modern Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province). In 905, he was sent to put down the rebellion of Đường, Nguyễn together with Ngô Xương Văn and Dương Cát Lợi. Ngô Xương Văn was the second son of the former ruler Ngô Quyền. When their troops reached Từ Liêm, Văn persuaded his two colleagues to turn their armies back, and dethroned the usurper Dương Tam Kha.

After Ngô Xương Văn's death, Thạc occupied Đỗ Động Giang (modern Thanh Oai District, Hanoi), and titled himself Đỗ Cảnh Công (杜景公). Later, he was defeated by Đinh Bộ Lĩnh.

Đinh Bộ Lĩnh
Đinh Bộ Lĩnh (924–979; r. 968–979), real name allegedly Đinh Hoàn (丁桓), was the founding emperor of the short-lived Đinh dynasty of Vietnam, after declaring its independence from the Chinese Southern Han dynasty. He was a significant figure in the establishment of Vietnamese independence and political unity in the 10th century. He unified Vietnam by defeating rebellious warlords and became the emperor of Vietnam. Upon his ascension, he renamed the country Đại Cồ Việt. Đinh Bộ Lĩnh was also known as Đinh Tiên Hoàng (丁先皇; literally "the Former Đinh Emperor").
Williams Island (South Australia)
Williams Island is an island in the Australian state of South Australia located off the south coast of Jussieu Peninsula on Eyre Peninsula  approximately 34 km (21 mi) south-east of Port Lincoln.  It was named by Matthew Flinders for Robert Williams who subsequently lost his life along with seven other crew in the capsize of a cutter launched from HM Sloop Investigator to search for water on 21 February 1802.  Since 2004, the island has been part of the Memory Cove Wilderness Protection Area.

Port Lincoln
Port Lincoln is a city on the Lower Eyre Peninsula in the Australian state of South Australia. Known as Galinyala by the Barngarla people who hold native title rights, it is situated on the shore of Boston Bay, which opens eastward into Spencer Gulf. It is the largest city in the West Coast region, and is located approximately 280 km (170 mi) from the state's capital city of Adelaide (646 km (401 mi) by road).

In June 2019 Port Lincoln had an estimated population of 26,418, having grown at an average annual rate of 0.55% year-on-year over the preceding five years. The city claims to be Australia's "Seafood Capital".
1893 Wimbledon Championships – Men's doubles
Joshua Pim and Frank Stoker defeated Herbert Baddeley and Wilfred Baddeley 6–2, 4–6, 6–3, 5–7, 6–2 in the All Comers' Final, and then defeated the reigning champions Harry Barlow and Ernest Lewis 4–6, 6–3, 6–1, 2–6, 6–0 in the challenge round to win the gentlemen's doubles tennis title at the 1893 Wimbledon Championships.

Frank Stoker
Tennis career

Francis Owen Stoker FRCSI (29 May 1867 – 8 January 1939), known as Frank Stoker, was an Irish surgeon dentist, tennis and rugby player. Together with Joshua Pim, Stoker won the Wimbledon Championships Men's Doubles in 1890 and 1893, and is the only rugby international to have been a Wimbledon champion.
The Reason for God
The Reason for God: Belief in an Age of Skepticism (2008) is a book and DVD on Christian apologetics  by Timothy J. Keller, a scholar and founding pastor of Redeemer Presbyterian Church in New York City.

Christian apologetics
Christian apologetics (Ancient Greek: ἀπολογία, "verbal defense, speech in defense") is a branch of Christian theology that defends Christianity.

Christian apologetics have taken many forms over the centuries, starting with Paul the Apostle in the early church and Patristic writers such as Origen, Augustine of Hippo, Justin Martyr and Tertullian, then continuing with writers such as Thomas Aquinas, Duns Scotus, William of Ockham and Anselm of Canterbury during Scholasticism.

Blaise Pascal was an active Christian apologist during the 17th century. In the modern period, Christianity was defended through the efforts of many authors such as John Henry Newman, G. K. Chesterton and C. S. Lewis, as well as G. E. M. Anscombe.
Akimoto Hirotomo
Akimoto Hirotomo (秋元 礼朝; May 16, 1848 – June 13, 1883) was a Japanese samurai of the late Edo period who served as the lord of Tatebayashi Domain (Kōzuke Province). Succeeding to family headship in 1864, he ruled the domain during the closing stages of the Tokugawa Shogunate and the chaos of the Boshin War. He and his domain were deeply involved in the events of the war in the north.

In the Meiji era, Hirotomo's family became viscounts (子爵, shishaku) in the new nobility.

Viscount
A viscount (/ˈvaɪkaʊnt/ ⓘ VY-kownt, for male) or viscountess (/ˈvaɪkaʊntɪs/ ⓘ, for female) is a title used in certain European countries for a noble of varying status. The status and any domain held by a viscount is a viscounty.

In the case of French viscounts, the title is sometimes left untranslated as vicomte [vi.kɔ̃t].
Sir Lattimore Brown
Sir Lattimore Brown (August 20, 1931 – March 25, 2011) was an American southern soul singer. A regular on the Chitlin' Circuit from the early 1960s, Brown performed with Fats Domino, Ray Charles, Otis Redding, Etta James, Jackie Wilson and Muddy Waters, but later faded into obscurity with several publications believing he had died in the 1980s. In his obituary, the Daily Telegraph labelled Brown 'soul music's unluckiest man', due to the many personal tragedies he experienced though his life.

Chitlin' Circuit
The Chitlin' Circuit was a collection of performance venues found throughout the eastern, southern, and upper Midwest areas of the United States. They provided commercial and cultural acceptance for African-American musicians, comedians, and other entertainers following the era of venues run by the "white-owned-and-operated Theatre Owners Booking Association (TOBA)...formed in 1921." The Chitlin Circuit sustained black musicians and dancers during the era of racial segregation in the United States from the 1930s through the 1960s.
Shubhangi Gokhale
Shubhangi Gokhale (born 2 June 1968) is an Indian Marathi and Hindi theatre, film and television actress. She was married to the late Hindi/Marathi actor Mohan Gokhale who played the title role on the Doordarshan show Mr Yogi. She has completed more than 300 shows of the popular play Sakhar Khallela Manus along with Prashant Damle, and has had roles in film and television. She is currently playing the role of Kusumavati Dhale-Patil in Colors Marathi's Raja Rani Chi Ga Jodi and Shaku Khanwilkar in Zee Marathi's Yeu Kashi Tashi Me Nandayla.

Zee Marathi
Zee Marathi is an Indian  Marathi-language general entertainment pay television channel owned by Zee Entertainment Enterprises. The channel was launched on 15 August 1999 and was known as Alpha TV Marathi until 28 March 2005, when it was renamed as Zee Marathi. It is the first Marathi GEC channel. A HD version of this channel, Zee Marathi HD, was launched on 20 November 2016.
Renk
The Renk Group AG is a German global manufacturer of transmissions, engines, hybrid drive systems, vehicle suspension systems, plain bearings, couplings, and testing systems. The company builds special gearboxes for tanks, frigates, icebreakers, and industry and is a leading supplier of running gear and damping systems for tracked and wheeled military vehicles. Renk is headquartered in Augsburg and in addition to its headquarters, also manufactures in Rheine, Hannover, Winterthur, Bath, and Sterling Heights.

In 2022, the group achieved a turnover of €850 million and employed 3,000 people. About 70% of its turnover was generated by tank and marine gear units. Founded in 1873, the company has been either fully owned or majority-owned by private equity investor Triton since 2020. Renk returned to the Frankfurt Stock Exchange following an initial public offering in 2024.

Sterling Heights, Michigan
Sterling Heights is a city in Macomb County in the U.S. state of Michigan. A northern suburb of Detroit, Sterling Heights is located roughly 18 miles (29.0 km) north of downtown Detroit. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 134,346, placing Sterling Heights as the second-largest suburb of Detroit and the fourth-most populous city in Michigan.
Kyogle (beetle)
Kyogle is a genus of insects in the family Staphylinidae, first described by Donald S. Chandler in 2001. The genus is found only in Australia, in New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, Queensland and Tasmania.

There are four species:

Kyogle bryophilus (Lea, 1911)

Kyogle conicicornis (Lea, 1911)

Kyogle sexfoveatus (Lea, 1911)

Kyogle villosus (Lea, 1910)

Rove beetle
The rove beetles are a family (Staphylinidae) of beetles, primarily distinguished by their short elytra (wing covers) that typically leave more than half of their abdominal segments exposed. With over 66,000 species in thousands of genera, the group is one of the largest families in the beetle order, and one of the largest families of organisms. It is an ancient group that first appeared during the Middle Jurassic based on definitive records of fossilized rove beetles, with the Late Triassic taxon Leehermania more likely belonging to Myxophaga. They are an ecologically and morphologically diverse group of beetles, and commonly encountered in terrestrial ecosystems.

One well-known species is the devil's coach-horse beetle (Ocypus olens). For some other species, see list of British rove beetles.

The family was first described in 1802 by Pierre André Latreille.
Guessabo
Guessabo is a town in west-central Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of Zoukougbeu Department in Haut-Sassandra Region, Sassandra-Marahoué District. It is three kilometres east of the border of Montagnes District.

Guessabo was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Guessabo was 36,302.

Haut-Sassandra
Haut-Sassandra Region is one of the 31 regions of Ivory Coast and is one of two regions in Sassandra-Marahoué District. The region's seat is Daloa. The region's area is 15,190 km², and its population in the 2021 census was 1,739,697, making it the most populous region of Ivory Coast.
H/ZKJ
H/ZKJ series and its derivative H/ZKT series naval systems are Chinese combat data /management systems (CDS/CMS) installed on board Chinese surface combatants of the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN), and they are usually referred as ZKJ and ZKT for short. The designation is an abbreviation of Pinyin: H for Haijun (海军, meaning naval in Chinese), Z for Zhihui (指挥, meaning command in Chinese), and K for Kongzhi (控制, meaning control in Chinese), J for Jian (舰, meaning ship in Chinese) and T for Ting (艇, meaning boat vivid pop in Chinese).

Type 051 destroyer
The Type 051 destroyer (NATO/OSD Luda-class destroyer) was a class of guided missile destroyers based on the hull of the Soviet Neustrashimy-class destroyer deployed by China. It was the first guided missile destroyer fielded by the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN), and the first designed and built in China. 17 were built from 1970 to 1990; it was not until the 21st century that China would again build a class in such large numbers.

NATO/OSD broadly grouped variants from refits and newer construction under the Luda I, Luda II, Luda III, and Luda IV classes.
Katsuji Watanabe
Katsuji Watanabe (渡辺 勝治, Watanabe Katsuji; 11 March 1940 – 7 February 2021) was a Japanese boxer. He competed in the men's light welterweight event at the 1960 Summer Olympics. At the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, he lost to Piero Brandi of Italy in the Round of 32. He died on 7 February 2021.

Boxing at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Light welterweight
The men's light welterweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1960 Summer Olympics. The weight class allowed boxers of up to 63.5 kilograms to compete. The competition was held from 25 August to 5 September 1960. 34 boxers from 34 nations competed.
Ormia
Ormia is a small genus of nocturnal flies in the family Tachinidae, that are parasitoids of katydids and crickets.

Flies in this genus have become model organisms in sound localization experiments because of their "ears", which are complex structures inside the fly's prothorax near the bases of the front legs. The most common and widespread species, Ormia ochracea, has been the center of this research.

Sound localization
Sound localization is a listener's ability to identify the location or origin of a detected sound in direction and distance.

The sound localization mechanisms of the mammalian auditory system have been extensively studied. The auditory system uses several cues for sound source localization, including time difference and level difference (or intensity difference) between the ears, and spectral information.  Other animals, such as birds and reptiles, also use them but they may use them differently, and some also have localization cues which are absent in the human auditory system, such as the effects of ear movements. Animals with the ability to localize sound have a  evolutionary advantage.
Hayward High School (California)
Hayward High School is a public high school in Hayward, California, United States, serving students living in northern Hayward and portions of Castro Valley, Cherryland and Fairview. It is one of four high schools in the city and is one of the oldest high schools in Northern California. The school's official mascot is the "Farmer", which dates back to Hayward's period as an agricultural center. Its emblem features a farmer with a plow, a reference to the city's agricultural past.

Fairview, California
Fairview is a census-designated place (CDP) in unincorporated Alameda County, California, United States, in the East Bay subregion of the San Francisco Bay Area. It is included in the San Francisco–Oakland–San Jose Metropolitan Statistical Area by the US Census.

A mix of suburban bedroom community and low-density, multi-acre rural properties backed up against vast open space, Fairview borders the census-designated place of Castro Valley to the north and east, and the city of Hayward to the west. Fairview's population was 11,341 at the 2020 census.
Relapsing polychondritis
Relapsing polychondritis is a systemic disease characterized by repeated episodes of inflammation and in some cases deterioration of cartilage. The disease can be life-threatening if the respiratory tract, heart valves, or blood vessels are affected. The exact mechanism is poorly understood.

The diagnosis is based on the symptoms and supported by investigations such as blood tests and sometimes other investigations. Treatment may involve symptomatic treatment with painkillers or anti-inflammatory medications, and more severe cases may require suppression of the immune system.

Blood vessel
Blood vessels  are the tubular structures of a circulatory system transporting blood in animal bodies. Blood vessels transport blood cells, nutrients, and oxygen to most of the tissues of a body, and also transport waste products and carbon dioxide away from the tissues. Some tissues – such as cartilage, epithelium, and the lens and cornea of the eye – are not supplied with blood vessels, so are termed avascular.

There are five types of blood vessels: the arteries, which carry the blood away from the heart; the arterioles; the capillaries, where the exchange of water and chemicals between the blood and tissues occurs; the venules; and the veins, which carry blood from the capillaries back towards the heart.

The word, vascular, is derived from the Latin vas, meaning vessel, and is used in reference to blood vessels.
Donald Starn
George Donald "Rosy" Starn (August 17, 1902 – August 1977) was an American football, basketball, and baseball player and coach and college athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at Kent State University from 1935 to 1942, compiling a record of 34–28–3. Starn coached at Ashland High School in Ashland, Ohio for eight years before he was hired at Kent State.

Ashland, Ohio
Ashland is a city in Ashland County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. It is approximately 66 miles (106 km) southwest of Cleveland. The population was 19,225 at the 2020 census. It is the center of the Ashland Micropolitan statistical area, which includes all of Ashland County.