hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gerald Aylmer (judge)
Sir Gerald Aylmer (ca. 1490–1560) was an Irish judge in the time of Henry VIII, who played a key part in enforcing the dissolution of the monasteries. His numerous descendants included the Barons Aylmer.

Lyons Hill
Lyons Hill or Lyons (Irish: Liamhain) is a townland and restored village in County Kildare. At a time when canal passenger boats travelled at 3 mph (4.8 km/h), Lyons was the nearest overnight stop to Dublin on the Grand Canal. On the hilltop is a trigonometrical point used by Ireland's Ordnance Survey. The name derives from the Irish language name for an elm tree, Liamhan.
Tom Sawyer (darts player)
Thomas "Tom" Sawyer (born December 15, 1968) is an American professional darts player who currently plays in the World Darts Federation (WDF) events. He qualified for the 2017 BDO World Darts Championship.

Darts
Darts is a competitive sport in which two or more players bare-handedly throw small sharp-pointed projectiles known as darts at a round target known as a dartboard.

Points can be scored by hitting specific marked areas of the board, though unlike in sports such as archery, these areas are distributed all across the board and do not follow a principle of points increasing toward the board's bullseye. Though a number of similar games using various boards and rules exist, the term "darts" usually now refers to a standardised game involving a specific board design and set of rules.

Darts is both a professional throwing sport and a traditional pub game.  Darts is commonly played in the British Isles, and recreationally loved around the world.
Sidonie of Saxony
Sidonie of Saxony (also: Sidonia; 8 March 1518, Meissen – 4 January 1575, Weißenfels) was a princess of the House of Wettin and by marriage Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Princess of Calenberg-Göttingen.

Meissen
Meissen (German: Meißen [ˈmaɪsn̩] ⓘ; Upper Sorbian: Mišno; Latin: Misnia, Misenacode: lat promoted to code: la ) is a town of approximately 30,000 inhabitants, situated about 25 km (16 mi) north‑west of Dresden and 75 km (47 mi) west of Bautzen, on both banks of the River Elbe in the Free State of Saxony, in eastern Germany. Meissen is renowned as the home of Meissen porcelain, the Albrechtsburg castle, the Gothic Meissen Cathedral, and the Meissen Church of Our Lady. The town of Meissen, designated as a Große Kreisstadt, serves as the administrative seat of the Meissen district.

In Germany, the name Meissen is the legally registered trademark of the State Porcelain Manufactory (Staatliche Porzellan-Manufaktur Meissen GmbH), while Meißen refers specifically to the city and municipality.
Rentier capitalism
Rentier capitalism is a concept in Marxist and heterodox economics to refer to rent-seeking and exploitation by companies in capitalist systems. The term was developed by Austrian social geographer Hans Bobek describing an economic system that was widespread in antiquity and still widespread in the Middle East, where productive investments are largely lacking and the highest possible share of income is skimmed off from ground-rents, leases and rents. Consequently, in many developing countries, rentier capitalism is an obstacle to economic development. A rentier is someone who earns income from capital without working. This is generally done through ownership of assets that generate yield (cash generated by assets), such as rental properties, shares in dividend-paying companies, or bonds that pay interest.

Share (finance)
A share (sometimes someone can refer to as stock or equity) is a unit of equity ownership in the capital stock of a corporation. It can refer to units of mutual funds, limited partnerships, and real estate investment trusts. Share capital refers to all of the shares of an enterprise. The owner of shares in a company is a shareholder (or stockholder) of the corporation. A share expresses the ownership relationship between the company and the shareholder. The denominated value of a share is its face value, and the total of the face value of issued shares represent the capital of a company, which may not reflect the market value of those shares.

The income received from the ownership of shares is a dividend. There are different types of shares such as equity shares, preference shares, deferred shares, redeemable shares, bonus shares, right shares, and employee stock option plan shares.
Extreme (2009 TV series)
Extreme is a 2009 television series that aired on the Travel Channel. The series covered so-called extreme activities that features "the absolute best of what the US of A has to offer—to the total EXTREME".  Produced by Sharp Entertainment, the show traveled around the United States to document and showcase various places, events, things and people that are "extreme" in some way.

Travel Channel
Travel Channel (stylized as Trvl Channel since 2018) is an American pay television channel owned by Warner Bros. Discovery, who previously owned the channel from 1997 to 2007. The channel is headquartered in Manhattan, with offices in Silver Spring, Maryland, and Knoxville, Tennessee.

Travel Channel features documentaries, reality, and how-to shows related to travel and leisure around the United States and throughout the world. Programming has included shows on African animal safaris, tours of grand hotels and resorts, visits to significant cities and towns around the world, programming about various foods around the world, and programming about ghosts and the paranormal in notable buildings.

As of November 2023, Travel Channel is available to approximately 67,000,000 pay television households in the United States-down from its 2011 peak of 96,000,000 households.
Orotic aciduria
Orotic aciduria (AKA hereditary orotic aciduria) is a disease caused by an enzyme deficiency, resulting in a decreased ability to synthesize pyrimidines. It was the first described enzyme deficiency of the de novo pyrimidine synthesis pathway.

Orotic aciduria patients lack the enzyme known as UMP synthase. Orotic aciduria is characterized by excessive excretion of orotic acid in urine because of the inability to convert orotic acid to UMP. It causes megaloblastic anemia and may be associated with mental and physical developmental delays.

Orotic aciduria is a rare disease. Fewer than 30 cases in human history have been reported in literature.

Pyrimidine
Pyrimidine (C4H4N2; /pɪˈrɪ.mɪˌdiːn, paɪˈrɪ.mɪˌdiːn/) is an aromatic, heterocyclic, organic compound similar to pyridine (C5H5N). One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 in the ring.: 250  The other diazines are pyrazine (nitrogen atoms at the 1 and 4 positions) and pyridazine (nitrogen atoms at the 1 and 2 positions).

In nucleic acids, three types of nucleobases are pyrimidine derivatives: cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U).
Women's Eastern Sprints
Women's Eastern Sprints refers to the annual rowing championship for the Eastern Association of Women's Rowing Colleges (EAWRC) league.  The teams include all of the Ivy League schools as well as others such as MIT, BU, and Wisconsin.

The race is held on Lake Waramaug in New Preston, Connecticut.

New Preston, Connecticut
New Preston is a rural village and census-designated place (CDP) in the northwestern corner of the town of Washington, Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population of the New Preston CDP was 1,182, out of 3,578 in the entire town of Washington.
Nick Pace
Nick Pace (born April 17, 1987) is an American former professional mixed martial artist who competed in the bantamweight division. A professional MMA competitor from 2008 to 2017, Pace mostly fought in the Ring of Combat promotion where he was the reigning and inaugural Ring of Combat Bantamweight champion until he signed with World Extreme Cagefighting. After the WECs merger with the UFC, Pace became a member of the UFC. After he retired from MMA in 2017, he became a professional Jiu jitsu competitor and competed in the Combat Jiu-Jitsu Worlds tournament hosted by Eddie Bravo

Eddie Bravo
Edgar A. Bravo (né Cano; born May 15, 1970) is an American martial arts instructor, podcaster, stand-up comedian, and musician. After earning a black belt in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu in 2003, Bravo began teaching his own self-developed style of jiu-jitsu and founded 10th Planet Jiu Jitsu. He is also the creator of the Eddie Bravo Invitational (EBI) grappling competition and the EBI ruleset. He is a recurring guest on The Joe Rogan Experience and the Tin Foil Hat Podcast.
Hodgman
Hodgman or Hodgeman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bill Hodgman, Australian politician

Helen Hodgman, Australian novelist

John Hodgman, American humorist

Kym Hodgeman, Australian footballer

Michael Hodgman, Australian politician

Peter Hodgman, Australian politician

Roger Hodgman, Australian director

William A. Hodgman, Governor of Guam

William Hodgman, lawyer and prosecutor, known for his work in the O. J. Simpson murder case

William Edward Felix Hodgman, Australian politician

Helen Hodgman
Helen Hodgman (27 April 1945 – 6 June 2022) was an Australian novelist, who was born in Aberdeen, Scotland and migrated to Australia with her family in 1958.

She won the 1978 Somerset Maugham Award for her novel Jack and Jill. She also won the 1989 Christina Stead Fiction Prize for the novel Broken Words.
Pietro Ercole Fava
Count Pietro Ercole Fava (21 September 1669 – 7 June 1744) was a Bolognese nobleman, who distinguished himself not only as a patron of art, but also as an amateur.

Fava was born at Bologna, Papal States in 1669. He studied art under L. Pasinelli, and was the protector and friend of Donato Creti and Ercole Graziani. He chiefly studied the works of the Carracci, whose style he preferred to every other. In the church of San Tommaso dal Mercato at Bologna is an altar-piece by him of the Virgin and Infant, with St. Albert, St. Paul, and other Saints; and at Ancona, in the cathedral, are the Adoration of the Magi, and the Resurrection. He was a member of the Clementine Academy.

Ancona Cathedral
Ancona Cathedral (Italian: Duomo di Ancona, Basilica Cattedrale Metropolitana di San Ciriaco) is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Ancona, central Italy, dedicated to Saint Cyriacus. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Ancona. The building is an example of mixed Romanesque-Byzantine and Gothic elements, and stands on the site of the former acropolis of the Greek city, the Guasco hill which overlooks Ancona and its gulf.
Felix Benda
Felix Benda (25 February 1708 – 1768) was a Bohemian composer and organist. He was not a member of the Benda musical family.

Benda was born in Skalsko.  He was a student of Bohuslav Matěj Černohorský. In 1726 he became an organist at the Michaelskirche in Prague (succeeding Šimon Brixi). His works, not published during his lifetime, demonstrate his profound knowledge in counterpoint. They include a requiem mass, organ masses, two oratorios, and other church music.

Benda's students included Josef Mysliveček and Josef Seger.

He died in Prague in 1768.

Josef Mysliveček
Josef Mysliveček (9 March 1737 – 4 February 1781) was a Czech composer. He contributed to the formation of late eighteenth-century classicism in music. Mysliveček provided his younger friend Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart with significant compositional models in the genres of symphony, Italian serious opera, and violin concerto; both Wolfgang and his father Leopold Mozart considered him an intimate friend from the time of their first meetings in Bologna in 1770 until he betrayed their trust over the promise of an operatic commission for Wolfgang to be arranged with the management of the Teatro San Carlo in Naples. His closeness to the Mozart family resulted in frequent references to him in the Mozart correspondence.
Actaeon (1815 ship)
Actaeon  (or Actæon, or Acteon) was launched at Fort Gloster, India, in 1815. She was wrecked without loss of life on 28 October 1822 in the D'Entrecasteaux Channel in southern Tasmania.

Actaeon was originally owned by J. Scott & Co. of Calcutta. She was then sold at Mauritius.

D'Entrecasteaux Channel
The D'Entrecasteaux Channel /ˌdɒntrəˈkæstoʊ/ is a body of water located between Bruny Island and the south-east of mainland Tasmania, Australia. The channel forms the estuarine mouth for both the Derwent and Huon Rivers and empties into the Tasman Sea of the South Pacific Ocean. It was sighted by Abel Tasman in 1642 and later surveyed in 1792 by Bruni d'Entrecasteaux.

Towns along the channel include Margate, Snug, Kettering, Woodbridge, Flowerpot, Middleton and Gordon.
Canadian World
Canadian World (Japanese: カナディアンワールド), or Canadian World Park (カナディアンワールド公園), is a privately-run park and former theme park in Ashibetsu, Hokkaido, Japan. It was a failed business venture intended to boost tourism in Ashibetsu, a former coal mining town. The park contains various replicas of landmarks in the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island (PEI), notably buildings featured in the film adaptation of the Canadian novel Anne of Green Gables, which is popular in Japan due to its inclusion in the Japanese curriculum. A replica of the fictional community of Avonlea, including the Green Gables farmhouse, was its main attraction.: 117, 287 Ashibetsu and Charlottetown, the capital of PEI, are also sister cities.

Charlottetown
Charlottetown is the capital and largest city of the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island, and the county seat of Queens County. Named after Queen Charlotte, Charlottetown was an unincorporated town until it was incorporated as a city in 1855.

It was the site of the famous Charlottetown Conference in 1864, the first gathering of Canadian and Maritime statesmen to discuss the proposed Maritime Union. This conference led, instead, to the union of British North American colonies in 1867, which was the beginning of the Canadian Confederation. Prince Edward Island, however, did not join Confederation until 1873. From this, the city adopted as its motto Cunabula Foederis, "Birthplace of Confederation".

The population of Charlottetown is estimated to be 40,500 (2022); this forms the centre of a census agglomeration of 83,063 (2021), which is roughly half of the province's population (160,302).
Melittosphex
Melittosphex is an aculeate wasp genus, the only genus in the family Melittosphecidae, that contains only one species, Melittosphex burmensis, which was formerly considered one of the two oldest-known species of bees. The species was described from an inclusion in Burmese amber in the year 2006 by George Poinar Jr., a zoologist at Oregon State University. The fossil was found in a mine in the Hukawng Valley of northern Myanmar and is believed to date from the Cretaceous Period, 100 million years ago.

Amber
Amber is fossilized tree resin. It has been appreciated for its color (orange, brown and, sometimes, red) and natural beauty since the Neolithic times, and worked as a gemstone since classical antiquity. Amber is used in jewelry and as a healing agent in folk medicine.

There are five classes of amber, defined on the basis of their chemical constituents. Because it originates as a soft, sticky tree resin, amber sometimes contains animal and plant material as inclusions. Amber occurring in coal seams is also called resinite, and the term ambrite is applied to that found specifically within New Zealand coal seams.
Robert Incledon
Robert Incledon (1676–1758) of Pilton House, Pilton, near Barnstaple in North Devon, was a lawyer of New Inn, London, a Clerk of the Peace for Devon, Deputy Recorder of Barnstaple and was twice Mayor of Barnstaple, in 1712 and 1721.  In 1713 as mayor he supervised the building of the Mercantile Exchange (now known as Queen Anne's Walk, a grade I listed building ) on Barnstaple Quay, as recorded on the building by a contemporary brass plaque and sculpture of his armorials. He built Pilton House in 1746.

Inns of Chancery
The Inns of Chancery or Hospida Cancellarie were a group of buildings and legal institutions in Holborn, London, initially attached to the Inns of Court and used as offices for the clerks of chancery, from which they drew their name. Existing from at least 1344, the Inns gradually changed their purpose, and became both the offices and accommodation for solicitors (as the Inns of Court were to barristers) and a place of initial training for barristers.

The practice of training barristers at the Inns of Chancery had died out by 1642, and the Inns instead became dedicated associations and offices for solicitors. With the founding of the Society of Gentleman Practisers in 1739 and the Law Society of England and Wales in 1825, a single unified professional association for solicitors, the purpose of the Inns died out, and after a long period of decline the last one (Clement's Inn) was sold in 1903 and demolished in 1934.
M-136 (Michigan highway)
M-136 is a state trunkline highway in the US state of Michigan that runs from Brockway to Fort Gratiot in the lower part of The Thumb of the Lower Peninsula. The highway serves as a connector between M-19  on the west and M-25 northwest of Port Huron. In between, the highway runs through rural St. Clair County through farm fields and along a creek and river. The trunkline uses roads that were part of the state highway system in 1919. The M-136 designation was assigned in 1931 and extended to its current length in 1961.

Fort Gratiot Township, Michigan
Fort Gratiot Township (/ˈɡræʃɪt/ GRASH-it) is a charter township of St. Clair County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 11,242 at the 2020 Census.  It is named for Fort Gratiot, an American fort located there off and on between 1814 and 1879.
Merrick Watts
Merrick Watts (born 18 November 1973) is an Australian comedian, radio and television presenter. He is best known for performing stand-up comedy and radio works as part of the comedy duo Merrick and Rosso with Tim Ross.

Triple M
Triple M is an Australian commercial radio network owned and operated by Southern Cross Austereo. The network consists of 45 radio stations with flagship stations broadcasting a mainstream/classic rock music format in Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane, 37 regional stations broadcasting a modern adult contemporary/adult hits format and 5 digital radio stations.

The network dates back to the launch of Triple M Sydney in 1980. On 15 December 2016, the network was amalgamated with the LocalWorks network of regional radio stations.
Iziwa
Iziwa is an administrative ward in the Mbeya Urban district of the Mbeya Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 3,500 people in the ward, from 3,176 in 2012.: 95 : 119

Mbeya District
Mbeya City is a district of Mbeya Region, Tanzania and comprises the area of Mbeya town.  It is bordered to the north by Mbeya Rural District, to the east by Rungwe District, to the south by Ileje District and to the west by Mbozi District.

According to the 2022 Tanzania National Census, the population of Mbeya Urban District was 541,603.
2022 Toray Pan Pacific Open – Doubles
Gabriela Dabrowski and Giuliana Olmos defeated Nicole Melichar-Martinez and Ellen Perez in the final, 6–4, 6–4 to win the doubles tennis title at the 2022 Pan Pacific Open.

Chan Hao-ching and Latisha Chan were the defending champions from when the tournament was last held in 2019, but they competed with different partners. However, both lost to the team of Melichar-Martinez and Perez; Hao-ching lost in the first round alongside Shuko Aoyama and Latisha lost in the quarterfinals alongside Alexa Guarachi.

Giuliana Olmos
Giuliana Marion Olmos Dick (born 4 March 1993) is an Austrian-born Mexican professional tennis player.
Olmos, a graduate of USC, has a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 6, achieved on 10 April 2023. She has won seven doubles titles on the WTA Tour. With her partner Desirae Krawczyk, she became the first Mexican player in the Open era to reach a WTA Tour final, at the 2018 Monterrey Open. In 2019, she became the first Mexican player to win a title on WTA Tour, taking the doubles crown at the Nottingham Open. In 2020, she became the first Mexican woman to win the Mexican Open, also with Krawczyk. And at last in 2022, she became the first Mexican woman to enter the top 10 in the WTA rankings in either singles or doubles. She has a best singles ranking of world No. 343, achieved on 4 March 2019, and has won four singles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
Gagny, Ivory Coast
Gagny (also spelled Gagné) is a village in south-western Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Doba, San-Pédro Department, San-Pédro Region, Bas-Sassandra District.

Gagny was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

San-Pédro Region
San-Pédro Region is one of the 31 regions of Ivory Coast. Since its establishment in 2011, it has been one of three regions in Bas-Sassandra District. The seat of the region is San-Pédro and the region's population in the 2021 census was 1,060,724.

San-Pédro is currently divided into two departments: San-Pédro and Tabou.
First Battle of Oituz
The First Battle of Oituz was fought between 12 and 27 October 1916 between the Kingdom of Romania on one side and Austria-Hungary and the German Empire on the other. It was part of the Romanian operations for the defense of the passes in the Carpathians. The objectives of the operation were to resist the enemy attack on the Transylvanian front, to obtain and maintain a defensive device in the Carpathian alignment and to create the conditions for an eventual counter-offensive. At the end, the Central Powers (Germany and Austria-Hungary) failed to defeat the Romanian forces and the battle was a victory for the latter.

The Austro-Hungarian forces were commanded by Charles I of Austria, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, while the German army was commanded by General Erich von Falkenhayn. On the other hand, the Romanian commanders were Eremia Grigorescu and Nicolae Sinescu.

Eremia Grigorescu
Eremia Teofil Grigorescu (28 November 1863 – 21 July 1919) was a Romanian general who served as the commander of the 1st Romanian Army during the First World War. He also served as Minister of War in the Constantin Coandă cabinet.
Tradability
Tradability is the property of a good or service that can be sold in another location distant from where it was produced. A good that is not tradable is called non-tradable. Different goods have differing levels of tradability: the higher the cost of transportation and the shorter the shelf life, the less tradable a good is.  Prepared food, for example, is not generally considered a tradable good; it will be sold in the city in which it is produced and does not directly compete with other cities' prepared foods. Some non-commodities and services such as haircuts and massages are also obviously non-tradable. However, in recent years even pure services such as education can be regarded as tradable due to advancements in information and communications technology.

Goods
In economics, goods are anything that is good, usually in the sense that it provides welfare or utility to someone. Goods can be contrasted with bads, i.e. things that provide negative value for users, like chores or waste. A bad lowers a consumer's overall welfare.

Economics focuses on the study of economic goods, i.e. goods that are scarce; in other words, producing the good requires expending effort or resources. Economic goods contrast with free goods such as air, for which there is an unlimited supply.

Goods are the result of the secondary sector of the economy which involves the transformation of raw materials or intermediate goods into goods.