hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jonathan Baldwin Turner
Jonathan Baldwin Turner (December 7, 1805 – January 10, 1899) was an American classical scholar, agriculturalist, and abolitionist. He also led a political movement to create agriculture colleges, and campaigned to institute land grant universities. He established the use of the thorny "hedge apple" planted to form a barrier for animals in North America. In 1835, Turner married Rhodolphia Kibbe and they had seven children.

Turner was the author of "A Plan for an Industrial University" for the state of Illinois's Farmer's Convention at Granville in 1851. He had laid out a plan for a national grant to provide an industrial and mechanical college for each US state. Vermont Representative Justin Morrill introduced a similar plan which became law as the Morrill Land-Grant Act in 1862.

Jacksonville, Illinois
Jacksonville is a city and the county seat of Morgan County, Illinois, United States. The population was 17,616 at the 2020 census, down from 19,446 in 2010. It is home to Illinois College, Illinois School for the Deaf, and the Illinois School for the Visually Impaired, and was formerly home to MacMurray College. Jacksonville is the principal city of the Jacksonville Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Morgan and Scott counties.
Natalia Chacón
Natalia Chacón Amarillas (1 December 1879 – 2 June 1927) was a Mexican philanthropist and political figure, who became the First Lady of Mexico as the wife of the Mexican president Plutarco Elías Calles. At her initiative, children's canteens were created across the state, along with other essential charities to serve the needs of the poor.

First ladies and gentlemen of Mexico
The first lady of Mexico (Spanish: Primera Dama de México) or first gentleman of Mexico (Spanish: Primer Caballero de México) is the informal title held by the spouse of the president of Mexico, concurrent with the president's term of office.

The position has no legal foundation and was originally started as a courtesy title. However, several holders of the title have taken on ceremonial roles during the presidential tenure of their spouses and have used the position to advocate for various causes.

Jesús María Tarriba is the current First Gentleman of Mexico as the husband of President Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo.
Wesleyan Church
The Wesleyan Church, also known as the Wesleyan Methodist Church or Wesleyan Holiness Church depending on the region, is a United States-based Christian denomination headquartered in Fishers, Indiana, with congregations across North America, the United Kingdom, South Africa, Namibia, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Indonesia, and Australia. The church is aligned with the Holiness movement and has roots in the teachings of British preacher John Wesley. It adheres to Wesleyan-Arminian doctrine and is a member of the World Methodist Council. Wesleyan Life is the official publication; Global Partners the official nonprofit missions organization.

In 2017, there were 140,954 members in 1,607 congregations in North America, and an average worship attendance of 239,842. In 2020, the number of congregations in the United States was 1,463.

Second Coming
The Second Coming (sometimes called the Second Advent or the Parousia) is the Christian and Islamic belief that Jesus Christ will return to Earth after his ascension to Heaven (the Ascension is said to have occurred about two thousand years ago). The idea is based on messianic prophecies and is part of most Christian eschatologies.

In Islamic eschatology, Jesus (ʿĪsā ibn Maryam) is also believed to return in the end times. According to Islamic belief, he will descend from Heaven to defeat the false messiah (al-Masih ad-Dajjal), restore justice, and reaffirm monotheism. His return is regarded as one of the major signs of the Day of Judgment, and he is viewed as a revered prophet, not divine, in Islamic theology.

Other faiths have various interpretations of it.
TelstraClear
TelstraClear Limited was New Zealand's second-largest telecommunications company before being acquired by Vodafone New Zealand in October 2012, previous to which it was a subsidiary of Australian company Telstra.

It provided residential line rental services, internet services, IT services, security services, cable TV/cable modem and mobile telephone services to 70,000 subscribers on its network in Wellington, Christchurch and Kapiti. Overall the company had around 200,000 customers.

In 2004, TelstraClear began offering residential line HomePlan services including broadband outside those areas where it has its own network, reselling the ADSL wholesale product from Telecom New Zealand, and investing millions in local loop unbundling, which entailed TelstraClear installing its own equipment in Telecom exchanges (the Telecom infrastructure business later became Chorus Limited).

Kāpiti Coast District
The Kāpiti Coast District (officially the Kapiti Coast District) is a local government district of the Wellington Region in the lower North Island of New Zealand, 50 km (31 mi) north of Wellington City. The district is named after Kapiti Island, a prominent island 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) offshore.

The population of the district is concentrated in a chain of coastal settlements along State Highway One: Ōtaki, Te Horo, Waikanae, Paraparaumu, Raumati Beach, Raumati South, and Paekākāriki. Paraparaumu is the most populous of these towns and the commercial and administrative centre. Much of the rural land is given over to horticulture; market gardens are common along the highway between the settlements. The area available for agriculture and settlement is narrow and coastal. Much of the eastern part of the district is within the Tararua Forest Park, which covers the rugged Tararua Range, with peaks rising to over 1,500 m (4,900 ft).
Raztez
Raztez (pronounced [ˈɾaːstɛs]) is a dispersed settlement in the hills northeast of Brestanica in the Municipality of Krško in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

Brestanica
Brestanica (pronounced [ˈbɾeːstanitsa]) is an urban settlement in the Municipality of Krško in eastern Slovenia. It lies in the valley at the confluence of the Sava River with a minor tributary called the Brestanica. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.
Debt validation
Debt validation, or "debt verification", refers to a consumer's right to challenge a debt and/or receive written verification of a debt from a debt collector.  The right to dispute the debt and receive validation are part of the consumer's rights under the United States Federal Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA) and are set out in §809 of that act, which has been codified in Title 15, Section 1692-1692p of the United States Code. This debt validation procedure was expected
to reduce the incidence of debt collectors dunning the wrong person or attempting to collect previously paid debts.

Dunning (process)
Dunning is the process of methodically communicating with customers to ensure the collection of accounts receivable. Communications progress from gentle reminders to threatening letters and phone calls and more or less intimidating location visits as accounts become more overdue.  Laws in each country regulate the form that dunning can take. It is generally unlawful to harass or threaten consumers. It is acceptable to issue firm reminders and to take all allowable collection options.

The word stems from the 17th-century verb dun, meaning to demand payment of a debt.
2005 UIAA Climbing World Championships
The 2005 UIAA Climbing World Championships, the 8th edition, were held in Munich, Germany from 1 to 5 July 2005. It was organized by the Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme (UIAA). The championships consisted of lead, speed, and bouldering events.

The lead chief route-setter was Donato Lella.

IFSC Climbing World Championships
The IFSC Climbing World Championships are the biennial (i.e. held once every two years) world championship event for competition climbing that is organized by the International Federation of Sport Climbing (IFSC). This event determines the male and female world champions in the three disciplines of competition climbing: competition lead climbing, competition bouldering, and competition speed climbing. Since 2012, a combined ranking is also determined, for climbers competing in all disciplines, and additional medals are awarded based on that ranking.  The first event was organized in Frankfurt in 1991.
William Noyes Farmstead
The William Noyes Farmstead is a historic farm property at 340 Gallup Hill Road in Ledyard, Connecticut.  Dating to about 1735, it is a well-preserved example of a rural farmstead.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

Ledyard, Connecticut
Ledyard (/ˈlɛdʒɜːrd/ LEH-jerd) is a town in New London County, Connecticut, United States, located along the Thames River. The town is named after Colonel William Ledyard, a Revolutionary War officer who was killed at the Battle of Groton Heights. The town is part of the Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 15,413 at the 2020 census. The Foxwoods Resort Casino, owned and operated by the Mashantucket Pequot Tribe, is located in the northeastern section of Ledyard, on the reservation owned by the tribe.

Ledyard's zip code is 06339. Within the southwestern area of Ledyard is the district known as Gales Ferry, which has the postal code 06335. In the northeast is Mashantucket, with the postal code 06338.
WebSphere sMash
WebSphere sMash was a development and runtime environment from IBM for the creation of dynamic web applications using the scripting languages Apache Groovy and PHP. It contained a PHP runtime written in Java.
Project Zero was the experimental software development community in which new versions of WebSphere sMash were incubated. WebSphere sMash was withdrawn from sale in 2012, with support discontinued in 2014.

WebSphere Smash integrated with Eclipse and produced REST-style services on top of Groovy or PHP
.

IBM WebSphere
IBM WebSphere refers to a brand of proprietary computer software products in the genre of enterprise software known as "application and integration middleware". These software products are used by end-users to create and integrate applications with other applications. IBM WebSphere has been available to the general market since 1998.
Fontainejean Abbey
Fontainejean Abbey, otherwise Fontaine-Jean Abbey (French: Abbaye de Fontainejean or Fontaine-Jean), was a Cistercian monastery in the commune of Saint-Maurice-sur-Aveyron in the Gâtinais in the département of Loiret, France.

It was founded in 1124 as a daughter house of Pontigny Abbey by Miles de Courtenay, who had previously also founded Les Écharlis Abbey. Fontainejean became the burial place of the Courtenay family. It was occupied by Protestant troops in 1562, when the church was ruined. The abbey was suppressed during 1791 in the French Revolution.

Little remains of the structures except for the north arm of the transept of the church with chapels and part of the wall of the choir, and also part of the 13th-century grange.

Pontigny Abbey
Pontigny Abbey (French: Abbaye de Pontigny), the church of which in recent decades has also been the cathedral of the Mission de France, otherwise the Territorial Prelature of Pontigny (French: Cathédrale-abbatiale de Notre-Dame-de-l’Assomption à Pontigny), was a Cistercian monastery located in Pontigny on the River Serein, in the present diocese of Sens and department of Yonne, Burgundy, France. Founded in 1114, it was the second of the four great daughter houses of Cîteaux Abbey. It was suppressed in 1791 in the French Revolution and destroyed except for the church. In 1843 it was re-founded as a community of the Fathers of St. Edmund. In 1909 it passed into private ownership. In 1941 it became the mother house of the Mission de France, a territorial prelature.
Mary O'Rourke (singer)
Mary O'Rourke (26 July 1913 - 24 December 1964) was a Boy Soprano singer, operating under the stage name Master Joe Petersen. She was billed as 'The Phenomenal Boy Singer' and produced over 59 records for Rex Records.

Boy soprano
A boy soprano (British and especially North American English) or boy treble (only British English) is a young male singer with a voice  in the soprano range, a range that is often still called the treble voice range (in North America too) no matter how old.
Parliamentary constituencies in Suffolk
The county of Suffolk is divided into 8 parliamentary constituencies: 1 borough constituency and 7 county constituencies. Seven constituencies lie wholly within Suffolk while Waveney Valley straddles the county border between Suffolk and Norfolk.

National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)
The National Liberal Party, known until 1948 as the Liberal National Party, was a liberal political party in the United Kingdom from 1931 to 1968. It broke away from the Liberal Party on the issue of abandoning free trade and supporting protectionism, and later co-operated and merged with the Conservative Party.
Peter Arnison
Major General Peter Maurice Arnison, AC, CVO (born 21 October 1940) is a retired Australian Army officer who served as the 23rd Governor of Queensland, in office from July 1997 until July 2003. He graduated from the Royal Military College, Duntroon in 1962, and served as Land Commander Australia from 1994 until he retired from the Australian Army in 1996.

For the year prior to his appointment as governor, Arnison was the executive director of Allied Rubber Products, a manufacturing firm. He is a former Chancellor of Queensland University of Technology, and is Chairman of Panbio Limited, Chairman of the Centre for Military and Veterans' Health, Director of Energex Limited, Governor of the Queensland Community Foundation, and on the board of directors of the Australian Multicultural Foundation.

Major general (Australia)
Major general (abbreviated MAJGEN) is a senior rank of the Australian Army, and was created as a direct equivalent of the British military rank of major general. It is the third-highest active rank of the Australian Army (the rank of field marshal not being held by any currently serving officer), and is considered to be equivalent to a two-star rank. A major general commands a division or the equivalent.

Major general is a higher rank than brigadier, but lower than lieutenant general. Major general is the equivalent of rear admiral in the Royal Australian Navy and air vice marshal in the Royal Australian Air Force.

The insignia for a major general is the star (or 'pip') of the Order of the Bath (despite membership of the Order no longer being awarded to Australians), above a crossed Mameluke sword and baton.
Anadoras weddellii
Anadoras weddellii is a species of thorny catfish that is found in Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay. This species grows to a length of 15.0 centimetres (5.9 in) SL. The IUCN Red List considers Anadoras regani a junior synonym of Anadoras weddellii, but FishBase and the Catalog of Fishes regard it as valid.

The fish is named in honor of British physician-botanist Hugh Algernon Weddell (1819–1877), who presented the type specimen in the form of a dried skin and a drawing of the fish.

Doradidae
The Doradidae are a family of catfishes also known as thorny catfishes, raphael catfishes  or talking catfishes. These fish are native to South America, primarily the Amazon basin and the Guianas.

Doradids are omnivorous.
2015 PBA Governors' Cup finals
The 2015 PBA Governors' Cup finals was the best-of-seven championship series of the 2015 PBA Governors' Cup, and the conclusion of the conference's playoffs. The Alaska Aces and the San Miguel Beermen competed for the 15th Governors' Cup championship and the 115th overall contested by the league. This also served as a finals rematch between the two teams, when San Miguel won the season's Philippine Cup championship in seven games.

The San Miguel Beermen swept Alaska in their best-of-seven series, four games to none, winning their 21st overall championship in the league.

2015 PBA Governors' Cup
The 2015 Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) Governors' Cup, also known as the 2015 PLDT Home TVolution-PBA Governors' Cup for sponsorship reasons, was the third and last conference of the 2014–15 PBA season. The tournament began on May 5, 2015 and ended on July 17, 2015. The tournament allows teams to hire foreign players or imports with a height limit of 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) for the top eight teams of combined results of the Philippine Cup and Commissioner's Cup, while the bottom four teams will be allowed to hire imports with no height limit. The teams were allowed to hire an additional Asian import with a height limit of 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m).
USS Richard M. McCool Jr.
USS Richard M. McCool Jr. (LPD-29) is the 13th and final Flight I San Antonio-class amphibious transport dock of the United States Navy. She is named after US Navy officer and Medal of Honor recipient Richard M. McCool, Jr. Richard M. McCool Jr. was built by Ingalls Shipbuilding in Pascagoula, Mississippi. She was christened on 11 June 2022, formally delivered to the US Navy on 11 April 2024, and commissioned on 7 September 2024.

San Antonio-class amphibious transport dock
The San Antonio class is a class of amphibious transport docks, also called a "landing platform, dock" (LPD), used by the United States Navy. These warships replace the Austin-class LPDs (including Cleveland and Trenton sub-classes), as well as the Newport-class tank landing ships, the Anchorage-class dock landing ships, and the Charleston-class amphibious cargo ships that have already been retired.

Twelve ships of the San Antonio class were originally proposed, their original target price was US$890 million; as built, their average cost is $1.6 billion. Defense Authorization for Fiscal Year 2015 included partial funding for the twelfth San Antonio-class ship. As of December 2022 eleven warships of this class were in service with the U.S. Navy, with an additional three ships under construction. The Navy decided in 2018 to produce a second flight of 13 planned LPD Flight II ships, for a total of 26 in the LPD 17 class; LPD 30, Harrisburg, is the first Flight II ship.
Central Rhön
The Central Rhön (German: Zentrale Rhön) is a 5th level natural region which, together with the Southern High Rhön, forms the High Rhön. The region has several mountains over 900 metres high, including: the Wasserkuppe (950.0 m) and Heidelstein (926 m). Other summits over 900 metres are regarded as subpeaks due to their low isolation and prominence.

Wasserkuppe
The Wasserkuppe (German pronunciation: [ˈvasɐˌkʊpə] ⓘ;) is the highest mountain in the Rhön range and the tallest elevation in the German state of Hesse, standing at 950 metres (3,120 ft) above sea level. It forms a prominent plateau within the Fulda district and is known as the "cradle of gliding". Great advances in sailplane development took place here during the interwar period, driven by annual contests. To this day, an airfield near the summit continues to be used by gliding clubs and light aircraft pilots.
Guy Johnston
Guy Johnston (born 1981) is a British cellist and the winner of the BBC Young Musician of the Year award in 2000. He has subsequently enjoyed a successful international career as a soloist and chamber musician and currently serves as an associate professor of Cello at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester New York.

BBC Philharmonic
The BBC Philharmonic is a national British broadcasting symphony orchestra and is one of five radio orchestras maintained by the British Broadcasting Corporation.  The Philharmonic is a department of the BBC North Group division based at MediaCityUK, Salford. The orchestra's primary concert venue is the Bridgewater Hall, Manchester.
Saratoga Springs Public Library
Saratoga Springs Public Library (SSPL), established in 1950, is a public library located in Saratoga Springs in the Capital District area of New York. SSPL serves the Saratoga Springs City School District.

Saratoga Springs City School District
The Saratoga Springs City School District is the public school district of Saratoga Springs, New York. The district is an independent public entity. It is governed by the  Saratoga Springs City School District Board of Education, whose members are elected in non-partisan elections for staggered, three-year terms. The board selects a superintendent, who is the district's chief administrative official. The district's offices are located in the former Junior High building on 3 Blue Streak Boulevard, next to the high school.

The district has six elementary schools, one middle school, and one comprehensive high school serving about 6,400 students. As of 2015, it spends an average of $16,161 per pupil and has a student to teacher ratio of 14.3 (the national averages are $12,435 and 15.3 respectively).

The district serves students from the city of Saratoga Springs and the Saratoga County towns of Milton, Wilton, Malta, Greenfield and Saratoga.
Sakela Rural Municipality
Sakela (Nepali: साकेला गाउँपालिका, Sākēlā Gāum̥pālikā) is a rural municipality (gaunpalika) out of eight rural municipality located in Khotang District of Province No. 1 of Nepal. There are a total of 10 municipalities in Khotang in which 2 are urban and 8 are rural.

According to Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Developme Sakela has an area of 79.99 square kilometres (30.88 sq mi) and the total population of the municipality is 11594 as of Census of Nepal 2011.

Khidima, Chyandanda, Mattim Birta and Ratancha Majhagaun which previously were all separate Village development committee merged to form this new local level body. Fulfilling the requirement of the new Constitution of Nepal 2015, Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development replaced all old VDCs and Municipalities into 753 new local level body (Municipality).

The rural municipality is divided into total 5 wards and the headquarter of this newly formed rural municipality is situated in Mattim Birta.

Chyandanda
Chyandanda is a town and Village Development Committee  in Khotang District in the Sagarmatha Zone of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,425 persons living in 637 individual households.
Norwegian Intelligence Service
The Norwegian Intelligence Service (NIS) or Etterretningstjenesten (lit. 'The Intelligence Service'; E-tjenesten) is a Norwegian military intelligence agency under the Chief of Defence and the Ministry of Defence.

Signals intelligence
Signals intelligence (SIGINT) is the act and field of intelligence-gathering by interception of signals, whether communications between people (communications intelligence—abbreviated to COMINT) or from electronic signals not directly used in communication (electronic intelligence—abbreviated to ELINT). As classified and sensitive information is usually encrypted, signals intelligence may necessarily involve cryptanalysis (to decipher the messages). Traffic analysis—the study of who is signaling to whom and in what quantity—is also used to integrate information, and it may complement cryptanalysis.
2019 Coppa Italia final
The 2019 Coppa Italia final decided the winner of the 2018–19 Coppa Italia, Italy's main football cup.

It was played on 15 May 2019 at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome between Atalanta and Lazio. This was the first-ever meeting between these two clubs in the final. Lazio won the match 2–0, winning their seventh title overall, from 10 finals appearances. Atalanta made its fourth finals appearance, and have now lost three consecutive finals after winning their only title in 1963.

As the cup winners, Lazio automatically qualified to the group stage of the 2019–20 UEFA Europa League and to the 2019 Supercoppa Italiana against Juventus.

2018–19 Coppa Italia
The 2018–19 Coppa Italia, also known as TIM Cup for sponsorship reasons, was the 72nd edition of the national domestic tournament.

Juventus were the four-time defending champions, but were eliminated by Atalanta in the quarter-finals.

Lazio won the competition by defeating Atalanta 2–0 in the final, winning their seventh cup title.