hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Image retrieval
An image retrieval system is a computer system used for browsing, searching and retrieving images from a large database of digital images. Most traditional and common methods of image retrieval utilize some method of adding metadata such as captioning, keywords, title or descriptions to the images so that retrieval can be performed over the annotation words. Manual image annotation is time-consuming, laborious and expensive; to address this, there has been a large amount of research done on automatic image annotation. Additionally, the increase in social web applications and the semantic web have inspired the development of several web-based image annotation tools.

The first microcomputer-based image database retrieval system was developed at MIT, in the 1990s, by Banireddy Prasaad, Amar Gupta, Hoo-min Toong, and Stuart Madnick.

A 2008 survey article documented progresses after 2007.

Metadata
Metadata (or metainformation) is data that defines and describes the characteristics of other data.  It often helps to describe, explain, locate, or otherwise make data easier to retrieve, use, or manage. For example, the title, author, and publication date of a book are metadata about the book. But, while a data asset is finite, its metadata is infinite.

As such, efforts to define, classify types, or structure metadata are expressed as examples in the context of its use. The term "metadata" has a history dating to the 1960s where it occurred in computer science and in popular culture. Different types of metadata serve different functions. For example, descriptive metadata for a document might include the author, creation date, file size and keywords.
Fear of the Dawn
Fear of the Dawn is the fourth studio album by the American rock musician Jack White, released on April 8, 2022, through Third Man Records. The album was written in Nashville and recorded throughout 2021 at Third Man Studio. It was ranked as the 13th best guitar album of 2022 by Guitar World readers.

Guitar World
Guitar World is a monthly music magazine for guitarists and fans of guitar-based music and trends. The magazine has been published since July 1980. Guitar World, the best-selling guitar magazine in the United States, contains original artist interviews and profiles, plus lessons and columns with tablature and associated audio files or videos, gear reviews, news, and exclusive tablature for guitar and bass of three songs per issue. The magazine is published 13 times per year, including 12 monthly issues and a holiday issue, by Future plc. Damian Fanelli has been Guitar World's editor-in-chief since June 2018.
Ternuvate settlement hromada
Ternuvate settlement hromada (Ukrainian: Тернуватська селищна громада) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in Zaporizhzhia Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast. Its administrative center is the village of Ternuvate.

It has an area of 257.0 square kilometres (99.2 mi2) and a population of 3,573, as of 2020.

The hromada includes 16 settlements: 1 town (Ternuvate) and 15 villages:

Zaporizhzhia Raion
Zaporizhzhia Raion (Ukrainian: Запорізький район, romanized: Zaporiz'kyj rajon) is one of the five raions (districts) of Zaporizhzhia Oblast in southeast Ukraine. Its administrative center is Zaporizhzhia. Population: 840,866 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Zaporizhzhia Oblast was reduced to five, and the area of Zaporizhzhia Raion was significantly expanded. According to the 2001 census, its population was 54,804. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 56,364 (2020 est.).
Acton Sillitoe
Acton Windeyer Sillitoe (also Wyndeyer; 12 July 1840 – 9 June 1894) was the first Bishop of New Westminster.

Sillitoe was born in Sydney and educated at Pembroke College, Cambridge and ordained in the Church of England: he was made deacon on 21 February 1869 by George Selwyn (Bishop of Lichfield) at St Peter's Church, Wolverhampton and ordained priest by Selwyn in 1870. After curacies at Brierley Hill and Wolverhampton he was the incumbent at Ellenbrook from 1873 to 1876. After this he was a chaplain at Geneva then Darmstadt. He was consecrated a bishop 1 November 1879 by Archibald Campbell Tait, Archbishop of Canterbury at Croydon Parish Church and went to British Columbia (Canada) to serve as the first Bishop of New Westminster; he also became a Doctor of Divinity (DD).

George Selwyn (bishop of New Zealand)
George Augustus Selwyn (5 April 1809 – 11 April 1878) was the first Anglican Bishop of New Zealand. He was Bishop of New Zealand (which included Melanesia) from 1841 to 1869. His diocese was then subdivided and Selwyn was Metropolitan (later called Primate) of New Zealand from 1858 to 1868. Returning to Britain, Selwyn served as Bishop of Lichfield from 1868 to 1878.

After his death, Selwyn College, Cambridge and Selwyn College, Otago were founded to honour his life and contribution to scholarship and the church. The colleges and other educational facilities uphold the legacy of the bishop.
Alone at Last (album)
Alone at Last is the first solo album by vibraphonist Gary Burton, on which he also plays piano and organ. It was recorded in 1971, and features three performances from the Montreux Jazz Festival and four performances from the studio. It released on the Atlantic label in 1972. The album was awarded a Grammy for Best Jazz Performance by a Soloist at the 15th Grammy Awards.

Gary Burton
Gary Burton (born January 23, 1943) is an American retired jazz vibraphonist, composer, and educator. Burton developed a pianistic style of four-mallet technique as an alternative to the prevailing two-mallet technique. This approach caused him to be heralded as an innovator, and his sound and technique are widely imitated. He is also known for pioneering jazz fusion and popularizing the duet format in jazz, as well as being a major figure in music education from his 30 years teaching at the Berklee College of Music.
Anton Kurochkin
Anton Kurochkin (born 20 July 2003) is a Swedish footballer who plays for GAIS, on loan from IF Brommapojkarna as an attacking midfielder.

Starting out in Skoftebyns IF, he debuted for IFK Göteborg in 2022, before being on loan to Varbergs BoIS for the 2023 season. In December 2023 it was confirmed he was signed on for Varberg until 2025.

In 2021 he underwent surgery for a tumor on his lower leg.

IF Brommapojkarna
Idrottsföreningen Brommapojkarna, more commonly known as Brommapojkarna (meaning the Bromma boys) or simply BP, is a Swedish football club based in the borough of Bromma, in the western parts of Stockholm municipality. Brommapojkarna is the largest football club in Europe in terms of the number of active youth teams of all ages – in 2007 there were 247 teams and 3,000 players. The men's team plays in the Allsvenskan, the first tier, and the women's team plays in the Damallsvenskan, the first tier.

The club is famous for its youth academy, which has produced numerous top-quality Swedish players throughout the years. The club is affiliated to the Stockholms Fotbollförbund.
Same-sex marriage in Georgia (U.S. state)
Same-sex marriage has been legal in the U.S. state of Georgia since the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in Obergefell v. Hodges on June 26, 2015. Attorney General Sam Olens quickly announced that Georgia would "adhere to the ruling of the Court", and the first couple married just one hour after the ruling was handed down. A lawsuit challenging the state's ban on same-sex marriages, Inniss v. Aderhold, which had been filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia in April 2014, was dismissed as moot following the Supreme Court ruling.

Previously, Georgia had banned same-sex marriage both by statute and its State Constitution since 2004. Polling suggests that a majority of Georgia residents support the legal recognition of same-sex marriage, with a 2023 Public Religion Research Institute poll showing that 61% of residents supported same-sex marriage.

DeKalb County, Georgia
DeKalb County (/dəˈkæb/ də-KAB, /diːˈ-/ dee-) is located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 764,382, making it Georgia's fourth-most populous county. Its county seat is Decatur.

DeKalb County is a core county of the Atlanta metropolitan area. It contains roughly 10% of the city of Atlanta (the other 90% lies in Fulton County). Stonecrest is the largest city that is entirely within the county. DeKalb is primarily a suburban county.

In recent years, some communities in North DeKalb have incorporated, following a trend in other suburban areas around Metro Atlanta. Stonecrest, Dunwoody and Brookhaven are now the largest cities that are entirely contained within the county.
Whitesville
Whitesville can refer to a place in the United States:

Whitesville, Georgia

Whitesville, Indiana

Whitesville, Kentucky

Whitesville, Missouri

Whitesville, Monmouth County, New Jersey

Whitesville, Ocean County, New Jersey

Whitesville, New York

Whitesville, West Virginia

Whitesville, West Virginia
Whitesville is a town and former coal town in Boone County, West Virginia, United States, along the Big Coal River. The population was 361 at the 2020 census. Whitesville was incorporated on August 15, 1935, by the Boone County Circuit Court. The town derives its name from B. W. White, a pioneer settler. Whitesville was formerly known as Jarrold's Valley and Pritchard City.
Bernardo Dagala
Bernardo Oliveros Dagala (August 20, 1869 – August 16, 1966) was a Filipino politician who lived in and served as the municipal president of Malabon from 1903 until 1905, when Malabon annexed its neighbor Navotas through the Philippine Commission Act No. 942.

A native of Navotas, Dagala opposed the annexation and campaigned for its independence. In 1906, Navotas was again granted independence as a distinct municipality through Philippine Commission Act No. 142.

Navotas
Navotas, officially the City of Navotas (Filipino: Lungsod ng Navotas), is a highly urbanized city in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 252,878 people.

It was formerly part of the Province of Rizal in southern Luzon. It comprises what is known as the CAMANAVA area along with the cities of Caloocan, Malabon, and Valenzuela.

It is known as the Commercial Fishing Hub of the Philippines, for the city has the third largest fish port in Asia and the largest in Southeast Asia. Although it was established on February 16, 1859, Navotas celebrates its foundation day every January 16, the day in 1906 when it finally separated from Malabon. Navotas became a highly urbanized city on June 24, 2007.
BPAY
BPAY (BPAY Group Holding Pty Ltd) is an Australian electronic bill payment SaaS company which facilitates payments made through a financial institution's online, mobile or telephone banking facility to organisations which are registered BPAY billers.

BPAY is the registered trading name of BPAY Pty Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of Cardlink Services Limited. Cardlink is a self-regulating organisation owned equally by the four major Australian banks: Australia & New Zealand Banking Group, Commonwealth Bank, National Australia Bank and Westpac.

In September 2021, the Australian Competition & Consumer Commission (ACCC) authorised the amalgamation of BPAY Group, eftpos and NPP Australia under a new holding entity, Australian Payments Plus (AP+).

Westpac
Westpac Banking Corporation, also known as Westpac, is an Australian multinational banking and financial services company headquartered at Westpac Place in Sydney.

Established in 1817 as the Bank of New South Wales, it acquired the Commercial Bank of Australia in 1981 before being renamed to Westpac Banking Corporation in 1982. Westpac is one of Australia's Big Four banks, and is Australia's first and oldest banking institution. Its name is a portmanteau of "Western" and "Pacific".

As of 2025, Westpac has 13 million customers worldwide, and employs around 35,000 people.

In 2022 Westpac held the 53rd position in the "Top 1000 World Banks".
Edward Soriano
Edward Soriano (born 12 November 1946) is an American retired lieutenant general. He is the highest-ranking Filipino American officer to have served in the United States military, and the first promoted to a general officer. Born in the Philippines, Soriano moved with his family to the United States and graduated from Salinas High School before being commissioned as an officer through Army Reserve Officers' Training Corps at San Jose State University.

Soriano served with infantry units throughout the United States, Korea, and in West Germany. Later, Soriano was a liaison officer during operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm, and deployed during Operation Joint Endeavor; he retired in March 2005. Since retiring from the army, Soriano has worked for the aerospace and defense technology company Northrop Grumman and has sat on various boards of directors.

Liaison officer
A liaison officer is a person who liaises between two or more organizations to communicate and coordinate their activities on a matter of mutual concern. Generally, liaison officers are used for achieving the best utilization of resources, or employment of services of one organization by another. Liaison officers often provide technical or subject matter expertise of their parent organization. Usually, an organization embeds or attaches a liaison officer into another organization to provide face-to-face coordination.
Sing Me a Lullaby
Sing Me a Lullaby is a Canadian short documentary film, directed by Tiffany Hsiung and released in 2020. The film documents Hsiung's efforts to locate and reconnect with her mother's birth family in Taiwan, following her mother's separation from her parents and adoption in childhood.

The film premiered at the 2020 Toronto International Film Festival, where it was named winner of the Share Her Journey award. The film was subsequently also announced as a nominee for Best Short Film at the 2020 Directors Guild of Canada awards.

The film was named to TIFF's year-end Canada's Top Ten list for short films. The film won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Short Documentary at the 9th Canadian Screen Awards in 2021.

Directors Guild of Canada
The Directors Guild of Canada (DGC; French: Guilde canadienne des réalisateurs) is a Canadian labour union representing more than 5,500 professionals from 48 different occupations in the Canadian film and television industry. Founded in 1962, the DGC represents directors, editors, assistant directors, location managers, production assistants and others.

The DGC has district councils in the following provinces; British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Newfoundland and Labrador and the Atlantic District Council (representing New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island). However, in Quebec certain positions are represented by other unions such as IATSE 514 and the Quebec union "AQTIS". Each district council has written its own specific Standard Agreement to represent its members.

The National Office for the Directors Guild of Canada is located on Heward Street, Toronto, Ontario.
Jack Rosendaal
Jacobus ("Jack") Cornelius Rosendaal (born September 12, 1973 in Apeldoorn, Gelderland) is a retired decathlete from the Netherlands, who represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States. There he finished in 21st place in the men's decathlon competition, earning a total number of 8.035 points. The other competitor from the Netherlands, Marcel Dost, ended up in 18th position, collecting 8.111 points.

Athletics at the 1996 Summer Olympics
At the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, 44 events in athletics were contested. There were a total number of 2053 participating athletes from 191 countries.

A total of two world records and 14 Olympic records were set during the competition.
Saturn Award for Best Director
The Saturn Award for Best Director  (or Saturn Award for Best Direction) is one of the annual awards given by the Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films. The Saturn Awards, which are the oldest film-specialized awards to reward genre fiction achievements, in particular for science fiction, fantasy, and horror (the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation is the oldest award for science fiction and fantasy films), included the Best Director category for the first time at the 3rd Saturn Awards, for the 1974/1975 film years.

Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films
The Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films is an American non-profit organization established in 1972 dedicated to the advancement of science fiction, fantasy and horror in film, television and home video. The Academy is headquartered in Los Angeles, California, and was founded by Dr. Donald A. Reed.

The Academy distributes its Saturn Awards annually to what it considers the best films of the genres. The award was initially and is still sometimes loosely referred to as a Golden Scroll. The Academy also publishes Saturn Rings, its official organ.
Retrovisceral space
The retrovisceral space is divided into the retropharyngeal space and the danger space by the alar fascia. It is of particular clinical importance because it is a main route by which oropharyngeal infections can spread into the mediastinum.

Some sources say the retrovisceral space is the same as the retropharyngeal space.

Other sources say that the retrovisceral space is "continuous superiorly" with the retropharyngeal space.

Mediastinum
The mediastinum (from Medieval Latin: mediastinus, lit. 'midway';pl.: mediastina) is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity. Surrounded by loose connective tissue, it is a region that contains vital organs and structures within the thorax, mainly the heart and its vessels, the esophagus, the trachea, the vagus, phrenic and cardiac nerves, the thoracic duct, the thymus and the lymph nodes of the central chest.
Adem Mikullovci
Adem Mikullovci (21 December 1937 – 15 September 2020) was a Kosovan actor and politician. He was a member of the Parliament of the Republic of Kosovo. As an actor, he participated in the constellation of the actors of the former People's Provincial Theater of Kosovo (now Kosovo National Theater). After dropping out of studies at the Academy of Theater and Film in Belgrade in 1968, he returned to Pristina and started working at the theater. From that year (1968) to July 1990, Adem Mikullovci made a career with 45 main roles and about 70 roles in theatrical performances.

Kosovafilm
Kosovafilmi was a film production, distribution and screening company in Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo, Yugoslavia. Established on 20 February 1969, its first general director was Abdurrahman Shala. The following directors were Azem Shkreli, in which period the best movies of Kosovafilm were produced, also Xhevat Qorraj and Ekrem Kryeziu. The actual director of Kosovafilm is Gani Mehmetaj.

Kosovafilm produced short movies, documentaries, cartoons and later feature movies. In year 1969, Kosovafilm made its first coproduction with Filmske Novosti, Belgrade, after that the company started collaborations with several other big Balkan film production companies.

In 1971 the department of distribution was established: movies were brought with exclusive screening rights for Yugoslavia and Balkan countries. Over 200 feature movies and foreign production were distributed.
Danny Lansanah
Daniel Delray Lansanah (born August 28, 1985) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He was signed by the Green Bay Packers as an undrafted free agent in 2008. He played college football for the Connecticut Huskies.

Lansanah was also a member of the Miami Dolphins, Detroit Lions, Hartford Colonials, Las Vegas Locomotives, New York Jets, and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.

Las Vegas Locomotives
The Las Vegas Locomotives (called the Locos for short) were a professional American football team based in Las Vegas, Nevada that played in the United Football League. The team played their home games at Sam Boyd Stadium, home field for the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Jim Fassel was the franchise's head coach, president, and general manager. The Locomotives appeared in all three UFL championship games, winning both the 2009 and 2010 iterations; the Locos were also the last of the four charter UFL franchises to remain in their original home city, to retain their original head coach, and to have played all of their home games at the same venue.
Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale
Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale was a title in the Peerage of Great Britain that was held by junior members of the British royal family. It was named after the county of Cumberland in England, and after Teviotdale in Scotland. Held by the Hanoverian royals, it was suspended under the Titles Deprivation Act 1917, which revoked titles belonging to enemies of the United Kingdom during the Great War.

King of Hanover
The King of Hanover (German: König von Hannover) was the official title of the head of state and hereditary ruler of the Kingdom of Hanover, beginning with the proclamation of King George III of the United Kingdom, as "King of Hanover" during the Congress of Vienna, on 12 October 1814 at Vienna, and ending with the kingdom's annexation by Prussia on 20 September 1866.
Week End Tour
Week End Tour was the name given to French pop singer Lorie's second concert tour, inspired by her hit single "Week End". On 4 October 2004, a live recording of the show was released in two versions, as with the famous singer's previous live effort, Live Tour: a regular jewel case release containing the CD and a DVD and a limited edition cardboard box also containing a poster and a watch featuring the blonde songstress during her performances. On 12 June 2004, a filmed version of the show was released on DVD, once again in two versions. The limited edition DVD additionally contained a bonus disc with additional special features, as well has a new, double-sided poster and a removable tattoo of the singer's name.

Optical disc packaging
Optical disc packaging is the packaging that accompanies CDs, DVDs, and other formats of optical discs. Most packaging is rigid or semi-rigid and designed to protect the media from scratches and other types of exposure damage.
Legum
Legum is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Colin Legum (1919–2003), British anti-apartheid activist

Judd Legum (born 1978), American journalist, lawyer, and political staffer

Margaret Legum (1933–2007), British anti-apartheid activist

English name
English names are personal names used in, or originating in, England.
In England, as elsewhere in the English-speaking world, a complete name usually consists of one or more given names, commonly referred to as first names, and a (most commonly patrilineal, rarely matrilineal) family name or surname, also referred to as a last name. The given names after the first are often referred to as middle names.
Palaeospondylus
Palaeospondylus ("early vertebra") is an extinct genus of fish described from fossils found in both the Achanarras slate quarry of Caithness, Scotland, and the Cravens Peak Beds of Queensland, Australia.

It lived during the Early and Middle Devonian epochs, around 400 to 390 million years ago.

Middle Devonian
In the geological timescale, the Middle Devonian epoch (from 393.47 ± 0.99 million years ago to 382.31 ± 1.36 million years ago) occurred during the Devonian period, after the end of the Emsian age.

The Middle Devonian epoch is subdivided into two stages: Eifelian and Givetian.