hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Antonio Álvarez Jonte
Antonio Álvarez Jonte (1784 – October 18, 1820) was an Argentine politician. He was born in Madrid and moved with parents to Córdoba when young. He studied law at Córdoba University and obtained his doctorate at the Real Universidad de San Felipe in Santiago. He opened a law practice in Buenos Aires, and lived there at the time of the British invasions. He offered his services as volunteer in the militia but was declined due to poor health.

British invasions of the River Plate
The British invasions of the River Plate were two unsuccessful British attempts to seize control of the Spanish colony of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, located around the Río de la Plata in South America – in present-day Argentina and Uruguay.  The invasions took place between 1806 and 1807, as part of the Napoleonic Wars, War of the Third Coalition at a time when Spain was an ally of Napoleonic France. In Argentine historiography, the two successive defeats of the British expeditionary forces are known collectively as the Reconquista and the Defensa, respectively.
T-MOS thermal sensor
TMOS is a type of thermal sensor consisting in a micromachined thermally isolated transistor fabricated using CMOS-SOI(Silicon on Insulator) MEMS(Micro electro-mechanical system) technology. It has been developed in the last decade by the Technion - Israel Institute of Technology. A thermal sensor is a device able to detect the thermal radiation emitted by an object located in the FOV(Field Of View) of the sensor. Infrared radiation ( IR ) striking the sensor produces a change in the temperature of the device that as a consequence generates an electric output signal proportional to the incident IR power. The sensor is able to approximate the temperature of the object radiating thanks to the information contained in the impinging radiation, assuming a black-body radiator based on the Stefan - Boltzmann law. TMOS detector has two important characteristics that make it different from others: it's an active and uncooled sensor.

Stefan–Boltzmann law
The Stefan–Boltzmann law, also known as Stefan's law, describes the intensity of the thermal radiation emitted by matter in terms of that matter's temperature.  It is named for Josef Stefan, who empirically derived the relationship, and Ludwig Boltzmann who derived the law theoretically.

For an ideal absorber/emitter or black body, the Stefan–Boltzmann law states that the total energy radiated per unit surface area per unit time (also known as the radiant exitance) is directly proportional to the fourth power of the black body's temperature, T:

The constant of proportionality, , is called the Stefan–Boltzmann constant. It has the value

In the general case, the Stefan–Boltzmann law for radiant exitance takes the form:

where  is the emissivity of the surface emitting the radiation.  The emissivity is generally between zero and one.  An emissivity of one corresponds to a black body.
Eugein II of Alt Clut
Eugein II may have been ruler of Alt Clut, the Brittonic kingdom later known as Strathclyde, for some time in the late-8th century. He is known only from the Harleian genealogies (British Library, Harley MS 3859), which indicate that he was the son of King Dumnagual III of Alt Clut; there is no direct evidence that he ruled as king himself. Dumnagual is presumed to be the monarch who submitted to the joint army of Kings Óengus I of the Picts and Eadberht of Northumbria in 756; after this event, Alt Clut seems to have remained under foreign power and the royal line is known exclusively through the Harleian genealogies for more than a century. If Eugein was king, he may have been in power during the "burning of Ail Cluaithe" recorded in the Annals of Ulster as having occurred in  780. According to Harleian, he was the father of Riderch II.

Eadberht of Northumbria
Eadberht (died 19 or 20 August 768) was king of Northumbria from 737 or 738 to 758. He was the brother of Ecgbert, Archbishop of York. His reign is seen as a return to the imperial ambitions of seventh-century Northumbria and may represent a period of economic prosperity. He faced internal opposition from rival dynasties and at least two actual or potential rivals were killed during his reign. In 758 he abdicated in favour of his son Oswulf and became a monk at York.
Cassie Palmer
Cassandra "Cassie" Palmer is a fictional character in the Cassandra Palmer series of novels written by novelist Karen Chance. Her first appearance is in Touch the Dark, the first book in the series.

Cassie is introduced as a clairvoyant who has been on the run for three years from Antonio, a Mafioso vampire who raised her after her parents' death. Antonio used Cassie's powers for his purposes, and kept Cassie isolated.

Touch the Dark
Touch the Dark is the first book in The Cassandra Palmer series, written by best-selling author Karen Chance. The book introduces the series heroine, Cassandra "Cassie" Palmer, as well as several other series regulars.
Tommy Tricker and the Stamp Traveller
Tommy Tricker and the Stamp Traveller (also known as Les aventuriers du timbre perdu in Quebec) is a 1988 Canadian urban fantasy adventure film written and directed by Michael Rubbo, and the seventh film in the Tales for All series produced by Les Productions la Fête. The film stars Lucas Evans, Anthony Rogers, Jill Stanley, Andrew Whitehead, Paul Popowich, and Rufus Wainwright in his film debut. The film follows a young boy named Ralph who, while trying to reobtain a stamp from the title character, discovers a method to magically travel by mail, and sets out to find the stamp collection of the mysterious Charles Merriweather.

Filming took place in Canada, China, and Rubbo's native Australia. The score was composed by Anna, Jane, and Kate McGarrigle. Kate's children, Rufus and Martha Wainwright, also perform original songs on the soundtrack.

A sequel, The Return of Tommy Tricker, was released in 1994.

House of Rufus
House of Rufus is a collection of six studio albums, two live albums (one being a double album), four additional albums of previously unreleased material, and six DVDs recorded by Canadian-American singer-songwriter Rufus Wainwright, reissued as a 19-disc box set in the United Kingdom on July 18, 2011. Wainwright's official site claimed that the collection "spans Rufus' entire career and represents the most complete collection of Rufus Wainwright recordings to date."

The box set's title commemorates his five-night residency of the same name at London's Royal Opera House during July 18–23, 2011. Only 3,000 copies were produced for worldwide distribution. The collection contains "hard-to-find" tracks and is encased in a red velvet-covered book. While some reviewers questioned the need for such an extensive collection, critical reception of the box set was mostly positive.
Blue Heelers season 3
The third season of the Australian police-drama Blue Heelers premiered on the Seven Network on 12 February 1996 and aired on Monday nights, and later, Tuesday nights, at 8:30 PM. The 42-episode season concluded 26 November 1996. All main cast members from the previous season returned. Tasma Walton was introduced in episode 107 as Dash McKinley.

Blue Heelers
Blue Heelers is an Australian police drama series that was produced by Southern Star Group and ran for twelve years on the Seven Network, from 1994 to 2006. Although based around the policing of the town, the series generally depicted the everyday lives and relationships of the residents of Mount Thomas, a fictional small town in Victoria.

The series was one of the highest-rated and most-awarded programs in the history of Australian television, having won 25 Logie awards, and having equal standing with The Don Lane Show as the most awarded show in the history of the Logies (with five wins). It is also noted for its two main stars Lisa McCune, a four-time recipient of the Gold Logie, and John Wood, who also won Gold.
Human variability
Human variability, or human variation, is the range of possible values for any characteristic, physical or mental, of human beings.

Frequently debated areas of variability include cognitive ability, personality,  physical appearance (body shape, skin color, etc.) and immunology.
Variability is partly heritable and partly acquired (nature vs. nurture debate).
As the human species exhibits sexual dimorphism, many traits show significant variation not just between populations but also between the sexes.

Human genome
The human genome is a complete set of DNA sequences for each of the 22 autosomes and the two distinct sex chromosomes (X and Y). A small DNA molecule is found within individual mitochondria. These are usually treated separately as the nuclear genome and the mitochondrial genome.

Human genomes include both genes and various other types of functional DNA elements. The latter is a diverse category that includes regulatory DNA scaffolding regions, telomeres, centromeres, and origins of replication. In addition, there are large numbers of transposable elements, inserted viral DNA, non-functional pseudogenes and simple, highly repetitive sequences. Introns make up a large percentage of the human genome.

Some of the genome is non-functional junk DNA, such as pseudogenes, but there is no firm consensus on the total amount of junk DNA.
Tequila Sunrise (Cypress Hill song)
"Tequila Sunrise" is a song written and performed by American hip hop group Cypress Hill. It was released on September 1, 1998 through Ruffhouse/Columbia Records as the lead single from the group's fourth studio album IV. Recording sessions took place at Ameraycan Studios North Hollywood. Produced by member DJ Muggs, the album version features Barron Ricks (credited as B Smooth) of Call O' Da Wild. The Spanish version of the song titled "Tequila" appeared in Los grandes éxitos en español.

The single peaked at number 8 in Norway, number 23 in the UK and number 48 in Switzerland. A music video for the song was directed by Kevin Kerslake.

North Hollywood, Los Angeles
North Hollywood (NoHo) is a neighborhood and district in the San Fernando Valley of Los Angeles, California. The neighborhood contains the NoHo Arts District, El Portal Theater, several art galleries, and the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. The North Hollywood Metro Rail station is the northern terminus of the B Line subway on the Los Angeles Metro.

North Hollywood was established by the Lankershim Ranch Land and Water Company in 1887. It was first named "Toluca" before being renamed "Lankershim" in 1896 and finally "North Hollywood" in 1927.
Garden of the Titans: Live at Red Rocks Amphitheater
Garden of the Titans: Live at Red Rocks Amphitheater is the fourth live album and video by Swedish progressive metal band Opeth, released on 2 November 2018 via Nuclear Blast. It was recorded on 11 May 2017 at Red Rocks Amphitheatre in Morrison, Colorado, United States, as the band was touring the United States in support of their album Sorceress. It is their final live album to feature Martin Axenrot on drums.

Martin Axenrot
Erik Martin "Axe" Axenrot (born 5 March 1979 in Linköping, Sweden) is a Swedish death metal drummer, best known as the former drummer for progressive metal band Opeth (2005-2021). Since 2004, he is the drummer for Bloodbath. Known for his intricate playing style, his drumming has been highly praised by Opeth members and fans, with Mikael Åkerfeldt calling him "a joy to play with." Axenrot has also been jokingly referred to as The Lord of the Rings character Legolas by band members and fans.

On Blabbermouth.com, Mikael Åkerfeldt stated that Axenrot completed his drumming parts for eleven tracks on the Opeth album Watershed in just seven days.

Nathalie Lorichs, who performed vocals on "Coil" on Opeth's Watershed album, is Axenrot's girlfriend.
CD98
CD98 is a glycoprotein that is a heterodimer composed of SLC3A2 and SLC7A5 that forms the large neutral amino acid transporter (LAT1).  LAT1 is a heterodimeric membrane transport protein that preferentially transports branched-chain (valine, leucine, isoleucine) and aromatic (tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine) amino acids.  LAT is highly expressed in brain capillaries (which form the blood–brain barrier) relative to other tissues.

A functional LAT1 transporter is composed of two proteins encoded by two distinct genes:

4F2hc/CD98 heavy subunit protein encoded by the SLC3A2 gene

CD98 light subunit protein encoded by the SLC7A5 gene

Isoleucine
Isoleucine (symbol Ile or I) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH+3 form under biological conditions), an α-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated −COO− form under biological conditions), and a hydrocarbon side chain with a branch (a central carbon atom bound to three other carbon atoms). It is classified as a non-polar, uncharged (at physiological pH), branched-chain, aliphatic amino acid. It is essential in humans, meaning the body cannot synthesize it. Essential amino acids are necessary in the human diet. In plants isoleucine can be synthesized from threonine and methionine. In plants and bacteria, isoleucine is synthesized from a pyruvate employing leucine biosynthesis enzymes.  It is encoded by the codons AUU, AUC, and AUA.
Heaving line bend
The heaving line bend is a knot for securely joining two ropes of different diameter or rigidity. It is often used to affix playing strings to the thick silk eyes of an anchorage knot in some stringed instruments. In nautical use, the heaving line bend is used to connect a lighter messenger line to a hawser when mooring ships. It is knot number 1463 in The Ashley Book of Knots, and appeared in the 1916 Swedish knot manual Om Knutar.

The heaving line bend is similar to the sheet bend and the racking bend, and may be used to pass a thick rope to a distant receiver by first throwing the end of a thinner rope which may be weighted with a monkey fist or a heaving line knot.

The Ashley Book of Knots
The Ashley Book of Knots (ABoK) is an encyclopedia of knots written and illustrated by the American sailor and artist Clifford W. Ashley. First published in 1944, it was the culmination of over 11 years of work. The book contains 3,857 numbered entries and approximately 7,000 illustrations. The entries include knot instructions, uses, and some histories, categorized by type or function. It remains one of the most important and comprehensive books on knots.
Martin Bouz
Martin Bouz (born November 3, 1979) is a Czech former professional ice hockey forward.

Bouz played six gamed for HC Oceláři Třinec during the 2004–05 Czech Extraliga season, scoring one goal. He also played in the English Premier Ice Hockey League for the Guildford Flames and the Polska Hokej Liga for Naprzód Janów and TKH Toruń.

HC Oceláři Třinec
HC Oceláři Třinec (Třinec Steelers) is a Czech ice hockey team from Třinec who play in the Czech Extraliga, the top tier of Czech ice hockey. Their home arena is the Werk Arena. The team's main sponsors are the local Třinec Iron and Steel Works

The team has won the Czech Extraliga six times, most recently in the 2023–24 season. The last five title wins came in consecutive years, winning 16 straight playoff series in the process.
Destruction of cultural heritage by the Islamic State
Since 2014, the Islamic State (IS) has destroyed cultural heritage on an unprecedented scale, primarily in Iraq and Syria, but also in Libya. These attacks and demolitions targeted a variety of ancient and medieval artifacts, museums, libraries, and places of worship, among other sites of importance to human history. Between June 2014 and February 2015, the Islamic State's Salafi jihadists plundered and destroyed at least 28 historic religious buildings in Mosul alone. Many of the valuables that were looted during these demolitions were used to bolster the economy of the IS.

Along with antique Mesopotamian sites of significance, the IS inflicted particularly cataclysmic levels of damage upon Iraqi Christian heritage. It also destroyed Islamic sites that it declared to be in contradiction of that which is permissible in its ideology.

Ideology of the Islamic State
The ideology of the Islamic State, referred to as Islamic Statism or Daeshism, has been described as being a blend of Salafi jihadism, Sunni Islamist fundamentalism, Wahhabism, and Qutbism. Through its official statement of beliefs originally released by its first leader Abu Omar al-Baghdadi in 2007 and subsequently updated since June 2014, the Islamic State defined its creed as "a middle way between the extremist Kharijites and the lax Murji'ites".: 38

Important doctrines of IS include its belief that it represents a restoration of the caliphate of early Islam to which all Muslims are required to pledge allegiance; that a "defiled" Islam must be purged of apostasy, often with bloody sectarian killings, that the final Day of Judgment by God is near and will follow the defeat of the army of "Rome" by IS; that a strict adherence  to following the precepts "established by the Prophet Muhammad and his earliest followers" is necessary, surpassing even that of other Salafi-Jihadi groups.
Geocalamus
Geocalamus is a genus of amphisbaenians in the family Amphisbaenidae. Species in the genus are commonly known as worm lizards. Two species are placed in this genus, both of them endemic to East Africa.

Amphisbaenia
Amphisbaenia /æmfɪsˈbiːniə/ (called amphisbaenians or worm lizards) is a group of typically legless lizards, comprising over 200 extant species. Amphisbaenians are characterized by their long bodies, the reduction or loss of the limbs, and rudimentary eyes. As many species have a pink body and scales arranged in rings, they have a superficial resemblance to earthworms. While the genus Bipes retains forelimbs, all other genera are limbless. Phylogenetic studies suggest that they are nested within Lacertoidea, closely related to the lizard family Lacertidae. Amphisbaenians are widely distributed, occurring in North America, Europe, Africa, South America, Western Asia and the Caribbean. Most species are less than 6 inches (15 cm) long.
Nurul Iqamah
Nurul Iqamah (born 6 May 1995) is an Indonesian competition climber specializing in competition speed climbing. In 2019, she won three gold medals at the IFSC Climbing Asian Championships in Bogor, Indonesia. In 2023, she won her first ever medal at the IFSC Climbing World Cup, she won  bronze medal in the Chamonix, France.

IFSC Climbing Asian Championships
The IFSC Climbing Asian Championships or Asian Sport Climbing Championships are annual Asian championships for competition climbing organized by the International Federation of Sport Climbing (IFSC). Until 2006, it was called UIAA Asian Championships. Then, from 2007 onwards, it was called IFSC Asian Championships. In 2001, the first Bouldering Championship was held separately (from lead and speed competitions) from 19 to 20 December 2001 in Yung Ho, Taiwan. In 2018, at the Asian Championships in Kurayoshi, Japan, a combined format was introduced.
Dave Emanuel
David Maurice Emanuel (23 June 1934 — 21 February 2021) was an Australian rugby union international.

Emanuel, born in Sydney, was the only son of artist Cedric Emanuel. Educated at both Trinity Grammar School and Sydney Grammar School, he excelled at swimming in his youth, competing at the GPS Championships.

An Eastern Suburbs player, Emanuel gained Wallabies selection the first time for the 1955 tour of New Zealand, which he spent as reserve lock. His debut cap came in Brisbane two years later against the All Blacks, playing out of position as a back row forward. He appeared at lock in all five Tests of the 1957–58 tour of Britain, Ireland and France, then in a further three home Tests against the NZ Māori team, finishing his career with nine Wallabies caps.

Emanuel, who was Jewish, is a member of the Maccabi Hall of Fame.

Eastern Suburbs District RUFC
The Eastern Suburbs District Rugby Union Football Club is a team in the Intrust Super Shute Shield, the premier club rugby union football competition in New South Wales.

The club is based in Rose Bay in the eastern suburbs of Sydney, and was founded in 1900.

Easts have won a total of 77 NSWRU premiership titles or shields across all grades, as well as 9 club championships.
Franz Rudolf Bornewasser
Franz Rudolf Bornewasser (12 March 1866; Radevormwald – 20 December 1951; Trier) was a Roman Catholic Bishop of Trier, in Germany, during the Nazi era.

In 1941, the Bishop of Münster, Clemens August von Galen, publicly denounced the Nazi “euthanasia” program in a sermon, and telegrammed his text to Hitler. Franz Bornewasser also sent protests to Hitler, though not in public.

Documents prepared by the American OSS, and used in evidence at the Nuremberg Trials, record that the Nazis were cautious with regard to the murder of church leaders, and conscious of not wanting to create martyrs. Nevertheless, Catholic leaders frequently faced violence or the threat of violence, particularly at the hands of the SA, the SS or Hitler Youth. A number of cases were cited by the OSS, including two attacks against Bishop Bornewasser of Trier.

Roman Catholic Diocese of Münster
The Diocese of Münster (Latin: Dioecesis Monasteriensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Germany. It is a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Cologne.
Greek National Road 12
National Road 12 (Greek: Εθνική Οδός 12, abbreviated as EO12) is a single carriageway road in northern Greece. It connects Thessaloniki with Kavala, passing through Serres and Drama. It also serves traffic heading towards the north, to the Greek/Bulgarian border. The section between Thessaloniki and Serres forms part of the Ε79 route. Part of the GR-12 has been replaced by the new A25 motorway (Thessaloniki - Serres) and the A2 motorway (Egnatia Odos).

Nea Zichni
Nea Zichni (Greek: Νέα Ζίχνη) is a municipality in the Serres regional unit, of Central Macedonia region, Greece. Population 8,267 (2021). Nea Zichni is also the name of the administrative seat of the municipality, population 1,547 (2021).
Violin Concerto No. 5 (Vieuxtemps)
The Violin Concerto No. 5 in A minor, Op. 37, by Henri Vieuxtemps was published in 1861 and composed 1858–1859. Leopold Auer (1925, p. 75) writes that the concerto had been "practically forgotten" but if played as its composer intended, "will not fail to impress the majority of its auditors".  The second movement borrows from "Où peut-on être mieux qu'au sein de sa famille?" in Grétry's opera Lucile. It is now a well known Violin Concerto in the repertoire and is played often in competitions and concerts.

André Grétry
André Ernest Modeste Grétry (French: [gʁɛtʁi]; baptised 11 February 1741; died 24 September 1813) was a 
composer from the Prince-Bishopric of Liège (present-day Belgium), who worked from 1767 onwards in France and took French nationality. He is most famous for his opéras comiques. His music influenced Mozart and Beethoven both of whom wrote variations on his works.
1974 Francistown Wenela Air Services Douglas DC-4 crash
The 1974 Francistown Wenela Air Services Douglas DC-4 crash occurred on April 4, 1974. On this day, a Douglas DC-4 operated by Wenela Air Services, conducting an international scheduled flight from Francistown Airport in Botswana to Chileka Airport in Malawi, crashed when it was forced to attempt an emergency landing due to engine failure, resulting in the death of 78 out of 84 people on board. This incident remains the deadliest aviation accident in Botswana and the third deadliest involving a Douglas DC-4.

Douglas DC-4
The Douglas DC-4 is an American four-engined (piston), propeller-driven airliner developed by the Douglas Aircraft Company. Military versions of the plane, the C-54 and R5D, served during World War II, in the Berlin Airlift and into the 1960s. From 1945, many civil airlines operated the DC-4 worldwide.