hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marvin W. Smith
Marvin Wesley Smith (25 February 1901 – 13 October 1982) was an American politician.

Marvin Smith was born near Ireton, Iowa, on 25 February 1901. His parents were George W. Smith and Effie Troutman Smith. The Smith family moved near Paullina, where Marvin Smith attended Paullina High School. He graduated from Iowa State College with a degree in animal husbandry and became a farmer and teacher. Smith was involved in agriculture for nearly four decades, raising hogs and cattle. He was a member of the Lyon County School Board for five years. Between 1957 and 1969, Smith was a Republican member of the Iowa House of Representatives for District 82. He contested the 1968 Iowa Senate election, and was elected to office from District 48. Smith was redistricted in 1970 and completed his term as a state senator representing District 2. He died in Paullina on 13 October 1982.

Iowa House of Representatives
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa House of Representatives is the lower house of the Iowa General Assembly, the upper house being the Iowa Senate. There are 100 seats in the Iowa House of Representatives, representing 100 single-member districts across the state, formed by dividing the 50 Senate districts in half. Each district has a population of approximately 30,464 as of the 2010 United States census. The House of Representatives meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the upper house, the Iowa Senate, state House representatives serve two-year terms with the whole chamber up for re-election in even-numbered years. There are no term limits for the House.
Biphasic disease
A biphasic disease is a disease which has two distinct phases or components. In clinically biphasic diseases, the phases are generally chronologically separated. In histopathologically biphasic tumors (also called biplastic tumors), there is neoplastic tissue which contains two different cellular elements.

Histopathology
Histopathology (compound of three Greek words: ἱστός histos 'tissue', πάθος pathos 'suffering', and -λογία -logia 'study of') is the microscopic examination of tissue in order to study the manifestations of disease. Specifically, in clinical medicine, histopathology refers to the examination of a biopsy or surgical specimen by a pathologist, after the specimen has been processed and histological sections have been placed onto glass slides. In contrast, cytopathology examines free cells or tissue micro-fragments (as "cell blocks").
Vijay Goel (politician)
Vijay Goel (born 4 January 1954) is an Indian politician and a former Minister of State for Parliamentary Affairs and Statistic and Implementation in the NDA government. A former Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports, Goel is affiliated with the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). He became president of the Delhi unit of the BJP in February 2013. He was elected to the Rajya Sabha from Rajasthan in 2014.

He is a former Delhi University Students' Union president and an alumnus of Shri Ram College of Commerce. He has been the Member of Parliament for the 11th, 12th and 13th Lok Sabha representing the Sadar and Chandni Chowk constituencies of Delhi. He also served as the Union Minister of State of Labour, Parliamentary Affairs, Statistics & Programme Implementation and Youth Affairs & Sports in the National Democratic Alliance (India) government until 2004.

Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports
The Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports is a branch of the Government of India which administers the Department of Youth Affairs and the Department of Sports in India. Mansukh Mandaviya is the current Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports followed by his Deputy Raksha Khadse.

The ministry also gives the annual National Youth Awards, National Sports awards in various categories, including the Arjuna Award and Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna awards.
Qingdao Red Lions F.C.
Qingdao Red Lions Football Club (Chinese: 青岛红狮足球俱乐部; pinyin: Qīngdǎo Hóngshī Zúqiú Jùlèbù) is a Chinese professional football club based in Qingdao, Shandong, that competes in China League Two, the third tier of Chinese football. Qingdao Red Lions plays its home matches at the Tiantai Stadium, located within Shinan District. The club's youth training takes part in Laixi and several other districts of Qingdao.

As Adelaide and Qingdao incidentally became sister cities in 2014, building on from a sister state relationship between South Australia and Shandong which was established back in 1986 and has since evolved into a prosperous partnership, the club aims to contribute to the development of Chinese football, both on youth level as in competitive league football.

Chinese Champions League
The Chinese Football Association Member Association Champions League (Chinese: 中国足球协会会员协会冠军联赛), referred to as the Chinese Champions League or CMCL, is the fourth-tier football league of the People's Republic of China. The league is under the auspices of the Chinese Football Association. The league was known as  Chinese Football Association Bing League (中国足球协会丙级联赛) before 2006 and Chinese Football Association Amateur League (中国足球协会业余联赛) between 2006 and 2017, before changing to its current name by 2018.
Yang Hanyu
Yang Hanyu (Chinese: 杨涵玉; born October 12, 1999, in Shandong) is a Chinese volleyball player. Her former full name is Yang Liu (Chinese: 杨柳). She participated at the 2018 Montreux Volley Masters, 2018 FIVB Volleyball Women's Nations League, and 2018 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship.

She was the best blocker of 2018 FIVB Volleyball Women's Club World Championship in fact as the member of Zhejiang Xitang.

2018 FIVB Volleyball Women's Club World Championship
The 2018 FIVB Women's Club World Championship was the 12th edition of the tournament. It was held in  Shaoxing, China from 4 to 9 December. Eight teams will compete in the tournament, including four wild cards.
The Sceptre of Deception
The Sceptre of Deception is the third album by Swedish power metal band Falconer, the first with vocalist Kristoffer Göbel and also the first to feature a full band line-up.  The album covers events during the reign of King Birger of Sweden and lengthy strife between him, his brothers, and the Danish and Norwegian crowns.

Power metal
Power metal is a subgenre of heavy metal music combining characteristics of traditional heavy metal with speed metal, often within a symphonic context. Generally, power metal is characterized by a faster, lighter, and more uplifting sound, in contrast with the heaviness and dissonance prevalent in, for example, extreme metal. Power metal bands usually have anthemic songs with fantasy-based subject matter and strong choruses, thus creating a theatrical, dramatic and emotionally "powerful" sound.

The term was first used in the mid-1980s and refers to two different but related styles: the first largely practiced in North America with a harder sound similar to speed metal; and a later, more widespread and popular style based in Europe with a lighter, more melodic sound and frequent use of keyboards.
Burmese fritters
Burmese fritters, known in Burmese as a-kyaw (အကြော် [ʔət͡ɕɔ̀]), are traditional fritters consisting of vegetables or seafood that have been battered and deep-fried. Assorted fritters are called a-kyaw-sone (အကြော်စုံ). Burmese fritters are generally savory, and often use beans and pulses, similar to South Asian vada.

The fritters are eaten mainly at breakfast or as a snack at teatime, served at tea shops and hawker stands alike. They are typically served as standalone snacks dipped in a sour-sweet tamarind-based sauce, or as toppings for common Burmese dishes. Gourd, chickpea and onion fritters are cut into small parts and eaten with mohinga, Myanmar's national dish. These fritters are also eaten with kauk hnyin baung rice and with a Burmese green sauce called a-chin-yay (အချဉ်ရည်). Depending on the fritter hawker, the sauce is made from chili sauce diluted with vinegar, water, cilantro, finely diced tomatoes, garlic and onions.

Hawker (trade)
A hawker is a vendor of merchandise that can be easily transported; the term is roughly synonymous with costermonger or peddler. In most places where the term is used, a hawker sells inexpensive goods, handicrafts, or food items. Whether stationary or mobile, hawkers often advertise by loud street cries or chants, and conduct banter with customers, to attract attention and enhance sales.
Colm Browne
Colm Browne was a Gaelic footballer and manager with Laois. He also managed the Tipperary senior football team.

Browne won numerous honours in the game including an All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship with his club Portlaoise in 1983, a National Football League title with Laois in 1986 (and captaining that team) and an All Stars Award in 1986.

Browne is a member of the Garda Síochána at Templemore.

He was ratified as manager of the Laois senior team in 2000 and left in 2002.

Captain (Gaelic games)
A captain of a Gaelic games team, sometimes known as a skipper, is a player who, during the course of a match as well as before and after it, has several additional roles and responsibilities over and above those of his teammates.

Tradition means that some teams rotate the captaincy annually, though others may adopt a permanent captain. As well as being an onfield leader, a captain takes the coin toss and raises the trophy when this is the game's prize.
Balsa, Hungary
Balsa is a village in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary.

In the 19th and 20th centuries, a small Jewish community lived in the village. In 1880, 100 Jews lived there, most of whom were murdered in the Holocaust. The community had a Jewish cemetery.

Szabolcs–Szatmár–Bereg County
48°00′N 22°10′E﻿ / ﻿48.000°N 22.167°E﻿ / 48.000; 22.167

Szabolcs–Szatmár–Bereg (Hungarian: Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg vármegye, pronounced [ˈsɒbolt͡ʃ ˈsɒtmaːr ˈbɛrɛɡ]) is an administrative county (Hungarian: vármegye) in northeastern Hungary, bordering Slovakia (Košice Region), Ukraine (Zakarpattia Oblast), and Romania (Bihor and Satu Mare counties). It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Hajdú–Bihar and Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén. The capital of Szabolcs–Szatmár–Bereg county is Nyíregyháza.

Szabolcs–Szatmár–Bereg County was organised after World War II from the previous counties Szatmár–Ugocsa–Bereg and Szabolcs. Before 1991, it was called Szabolcs-Szatmár County.
Ashwini Kumar Chopra
Ashwini Kumar Chopra (11 June 1956 – 18 January 2020), was a senior journalist and resident editor of the Punjab Kesari, in Delhi. He got elected to 16th Lok Sabha from Karnal as a candidate of the Bharatiya Janata Party, and was the eldest son of the third generation from the journalists' family who own the Hindsamachar group of newspapers. During the days of terrorism in Punjab, his grandfather Lala Jagat Narain and father Romesh Chander were assassinated in 1981 and 1984 respectively. In their collective bid to curb terrorism through a drive by the journalists and activists, Punjab Kesari is commonly called the newspaper of martyr journalists.

Karnal
Karnal (pronunciationⓘ) is a city located in the state of Haryana, India and is the administrative headquarters of Karnal District. The city is well connected as it lies on National Highway 01, in the south of the city lies the cities of Panipat and Sonipat and in the north lies Kurukshetra and Yamunanagar city while in the east lies the river Yamuna, on the other end of which lies Saharanpur and Shamli district of Uttar Pradesh on the eastern bank. Karnal was used by the East India Company army as a refuge during the Indian Rebellion of 1857 in Delhi. The Battle of Karnal between Nader Shah of Persia and the Mughal Empire took place in this city in 1739.
Crafton Hills College Solar Farm
The Crafton Hills College Solar Farm is a 1.61 MWp (1.30 MWAC) concentrator photovoltaics (CPV) power station in Yucaipa, California.

It was built by Rosendin Electric using 140 dual-axis SF-1100S systems, each of which contains 28 SF-1100 modules.  

Each module contains reflective optics to concentrate sunlight 650 times onto multi-junction solar cells, allowing a greater efficiency than other photovoltaic power plants.

The farm was constructed under California Solar Initiative (CSI) incentives and the projected annual output of 2.7 GW·h partially satisfies electricity consumption at the college.

Kilowatt-hour
A kilowatt-hour (unit symbol: kW⋅h or kW h; commonly written as kWh) is a non-SI unit of energy equal to 3.6 megajoules (MJ) in SI units, which is the energy delivered by one kilowatt of power for one hour. Kilowatt-hours are a common billing unit for electrical energy supplied by electric utilities. Metric prefixes are used for multiples and submultiples of the basic unit, the watt-hour (3.6 kJ).
Skeletocutis niveicolor
Skeletocutis niveicolor is a species of poroid crust fungus in the family Polyporaceae. It was first described in 1920 by American mycologist William Alphonso Murrill as Poria niveicolor. The type was collected on well-rotted wood found in Cockpit Country, Jamaica in 1909. Leif Ryvarden transferred it to the genus Skeletocutis in 1985. He noted that it was readily distinguished from other Skeletocutis species by its small spores, which measure 2.5–3.1 by 1.5–2 μm. In addition to Jamaica, the fungus has been also reported from Argentina and Costa Rica.

Cockpit Country
Cockpit Country is an area in Trelawny and Saint Elizabeth, Saint James, Saint Ann, Manchester and the northern tip of Clarendon parishes, mostly within the west-central side, of Jamaica. The land is marked by lush, montane forests and steep-sided valleys and hollows, as deep as 120 metres (390 ft) in places, separated by conical hills and ridges.

During the 16th and 17th centuries, maroons—the escapee former slaves (and their descendants) of the island's Spanish and British-operated sugarcane plantations—used this rugged terrain to their benefit, carving out an existence on their own, away from the violent slavers and colonial powers of the lowlands.
Changes (Godsmack video album)
Changes is a documentary and live DVD released in September 2004 by American rock band Godsmack. The DVD was recorded in early 2004. That same month, the group also released "Batalla de los Tambores", a drum duel between Shannon Larkin and Sully Erna, available exclusively via online services such as Apple's iTunes Music Store, Real, Napster, and the Zune Marketplace. The DVD has been certified Gold by the RIAA, with access sales of 50,000 copies in the United States.

Awake (Godsmack song)
"Awake" is the lead single and title track from Godsmack's second studio album. In the United States, "Awake" is perhaps best known for its use in the 2000s series of US Navy advertisements, "Accelerate Your Life", with voiceover by Keith David.

In 2013, the staff of Loudwire included the song's main riff in their list of "the 10 Best Metal Riffs of the 2000s". In 2024, the staff of Consequence included the song in their list of "50 Kick-Butt Post-Grunge Songs We Can Get Behind".
Hilary Blumberg
Hilary Patricia Blumberg is a medical doctor and the inaugural John and Hope Furth Professor of Psychiatry at the Yale School of Medicine.  She is also a professor of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, and works in the Child Study Center at Yale where she has been a faculty member since 1998.  She attended Harvard University as an undergraduate, and completed medical school at Cornell University Medical College (1990).  She completed her medical internship and psychiatry residency at Cornell University Medical College/New York Hospital, and her neuroimaging fellowship training at Cornell University, Weill Medical College.  She has received the 2006 National Alliance for Research in Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD) and the Gerald L. Klerman Award for Clinical Research. Blumberg has authored a number of scientific articles that focus on bipolar disorder, neuroimaging, and effects of specific genetic variations, developmental trajectories and structure-function relationships.

Yale School of Medicine
The Yale School of Medicine is the medical school of Yale University, a private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut. It was founded in 1810 as the Medical Institution of Yale College and formally opened in 1813. It is the sixth-oldest medical school in the United States.

The school’s faculty clinical practice is Yale Medicine. Yale School of Medicine has a strong affiliation with its primary teaching hospital, Yale New Haven Hospital and the Yale New Haven Health System. The school is home to the Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, which is one of the country’s largest modern medical libraries and is known for its historical collections.

For the class of 2028, the school received 5,669 applications to fill 104 seats in the MD Program. This puts the acceptance rate at about 1.6%. The median GPA for the class was 3.94, and the median MCAT score was 521.
Lucille Tenazas
Lucille Tenazas (born December 17, 1953) is a graphic designer, educator, and the founder of Tenazas Design. Her work consists of layered imagery and typography, focusing on the importance of language. She was born in Manila, Philippines, yet has spent a large portion of her life practicing in the United States.

Her work includes projects for the Henry Art Gallery, Rizzoli International, San Francisco International Airport, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, the San Francisco Symphony, the Stanford University Art Museum, and the University of California, Berkeley.

Tenazas is Henry Wolf Professor and former Associate Dean in the School of Art, Media and Technology (AMT) at Parsons School of Design in New York.

California College of the Arts
The California College of the Arts (CCA) is a private art school in San Francisco, California. It was founded in Berkeley, California in 1907 and moved to a historic estate in Oakland, California in 1922. In 1996, it opened a second campus in San Francisco; in 2022, the Oakland campus was closed and merged into the San Francisco campus. CCA enrolls approximately 1,239 undergraduates and 380 graduate students. In January 2026, CCA president David Howse announced the college will be closing at the end of the 2026–2027 academic year, with Vanderbilt University taking over the campus.
NDUFV3
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NDUFV3 gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is one of at least forty-one subunits that make up the NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex. This complex is part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and serves to catalyze the rotenone-sensitive oxidation of NADH and the reduction of ubiquinone. The encoded protein is one of three proteins found in the flavoprotein fraction of the complex. The specific function of the encoded protein is unknown. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Rotenone
Rotenone is an odorless, colorless, crystalline isoflavone. It occurs naturally in the seeds and stems of several plants, such as the jicama vine, and in the roots of several other members of the Fabaceae. It was the first-described member of the family of chemical compounds known as rotenoids. Rotenone is approved for use as a piscicide to remove alien fish species, see Uses. It has also been used as a broad-spectrum insecticide, but its use as an insecticide has been banned in many countries.
Li Jialun
Li Jialun (Chinese: 李佳伦, born 13 January 1993) is a Chinese archer. He competed in the men's individual event at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

In 2014, he competed in the men's individual recurve and men's team recurve events at the 2014 Asian Games held in Incheon, South Korea. In 2018, he won the bronze medal in the men's team recurve event at the 2018 Asian Games held in Jakarta, Indonesia. He also competed in the men's individual recurve and mixed team recurve events.

Archery at the 2018 Asian Games – Mixed team recurve
The mixed team recurve archery competition at the 2018 Asian Games was held from 21 to 27 August at Gelora Bung Karno Archery Field.

A total of 24 teams participated in the ranking round to determine the seeds for knockout round. Ranking round classification was ranked based on the combined score of the best men and women archer in the individual ranking round.
Bjorn Englen
Bjorn Englen (born Björn Erik Englén in Växjö, Sweden) is the bass player for Soul Sign and Dio Disciples. Bjorn has also played bass for Yngwie Malmsteen, Quiet Riot, MSG/Survivor vocalist Robin McAuley, Scorpions guitarist Uli Jon Roth and Tony MacAlpine.

Växjö
Växjö (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈvɛ̂kːɧøː]) is a city and the seat of Växjö Municipality, Kronoberg County, Sweden. As of 2023, it had 74,052 inhabitants, out of a total 98,280 municipal residents (2025). It is the administrative, cultural, and industrial centre of Kronoberg County and the episcopal see of the Diocese of Växjö, with Växjö Cathedral at its heart. The city is also home to Linnaeus University.
HMAS Torrens
Two ships and a shore establishment of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) have been named HMAS Torrens, after the River Torrens.

HMAS Torrens (D67), a River-class torpedo-boat destroyer commissioned in 1916, decommissioned in 1920, and sunk as a target in 1930

HMAS Torrens (naval base), a naval depot at Port Adelaide, South Australia, operated from 1940 to 1964

HMAS Torrens (DE 53), a River-class destroyer escort commissioned in 1971, decommissioned in 1998, and sunk as a target in 1999

HMAS Torrens (DE 53)
HMAS Torrens (DE 53) was a River-class destroyer escort of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Torrens entered service in 1971, and was active until her decommissioning in 1998.

The ship was sunk as a target by HMAS Farncomb in June 1999. Images and footage of the ship sinking have been used and adapted for various purposes, including in movies and as propaganda.
Charles Stanish
Charles Stanish (born 1956) is an American archaeologist specializing in the archaeology of the Andes, and in particular examines the origins of complex civilizations in the prehispanic Andes. He is a professor of Anthropology at the University of South Florida in Tampa.

Stanish grew up near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. After receiving his BA in Anthropology from Penn State University in 1979, he earned an MA (1983) and PhD (1985) from the University of Chicago.

Complex society
A complex society is characterized by the following modern features:

Organizational society wherein its economy is structured according to specialization and a division of labor. These economic features spawn a bureaucratic class and often lead to inequality. Leading to the rise of a ruling elite.

Archaeologically, features such as big architectural projects such as temples, palaces, public works etc and prescribed burial rites.

Large scale agricultural development, leads to surplus food, which allows members of the society the time for developing and practicing specialized skill sets, other than farming.

Organized political structure and state institutions.

The term is mostly used as shorthand to indicate a society with intricate political organization and using technology to expand economic production.
No Problems
"No Problems" is a song released by American rapper Azealia Banks. It is a diss track aimed at American rapper Angel Haze. It was released on January 4, 2013, by Banks herself, after Angel Haze released a diss track titled, "On The Edge", a day prior. Production of the song was handled by American producer, Machinedrum.

Angel Haze
Raykeea Raeen-Roes Wilson (born July 10, 1991), known professionally as ROES (formerly known as Angel Haze), is an American rapper and singer. In 2012, Wilson released the mixtape Reservation and later signed a record deal with Universal Republic Records before moving to Republic Records. On December 31, 2013, Wilson released their debut album Dirty Gold, which featured the singles "Echelon (It's My Way)" and "Battle Cry". Wilson has released a number of mixtapes, the most recent being Back to the Woods in 2015.