hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert O. Ballou
Robert Oleson Ballou (1892 – 1977) was an American publisher and author.

He was a literary editor for the Chicago Daily News in the late 1920s and then became editor of the American office of the publisher Cape and Smith. He accepted John Steinbeck's manuscript of The Pastures of Heaven but Cape and Smith soon went bankrupt and Ballou moved to Brewer, Warren and Putnam, who published The Pastures of Heaven in 1932.

Ballou founded his own publishing company after being disappointed with the lack of success of Brewer, Warren and Putnam, and Steinbeck's 1933 novel To a God Unknown was published by Ballou. He nearly went bankrupt during the Great Depression and was disappointed with the sales of Steinbeck's novel. He decided not to publish Steinbeck's next novel, In Dubious Battle, and handed over the rights to the book to Pascal Covici of the publisher Covici–Friede.

The Pastures of Heaven
The Pastures of Heaven is a short story cycle by John Steinbeck published by Brewer, Warren and Putnam  in 1932.

This episodic collection is composed of ten self-contained but related stories set in the Corral de Tierra of the Salinas Valley of California.

The Pastures of Heaven was said by one critic "to rival The Long Valley (1938) as Steinbeck's major achievement in short fiction".
TA postcode area
The TA postcode area, also known as the Taunton postcode area, is a group of 24 postcode districts in South West England, within 19 post towns. These cover western Somerset (including Taunton, Bridgwater, Burnham-on-Sea, Chard, Crewkerne, Dulverton, Highbridge, Hinton St George, Ilminster, Langport, Martock, Merriott, Minehead, Montacute, Somerton, South Petherton, Stoke-sub-Hamdon, Watchet and Wellington), plus very small parts of Dorset and Devon.

Dulverton
Dulverton is a town and civil parish in west Somerset, England, near the border with Devon. The town had a population of 1,408 at the 2011 Census. The parish includes the hamlets of Battleton and Ashwick which is located approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) north west of Dulverton.

To the west of the hamlet lies Ashwick House, built in the Edwardian style in 1901. Also nearby is the estate of Northmoor, formerly a seat of Sir Frederick Wills, 1st Baronet of Northmoor, one of the four Wills Baronetcys, and the founders of the Imperial Tobacco Company. In 1929 Sir Frederick's son & heir, Sir Gilbert Wills, 2nd Baronet, was raised to the peerage as Baron Dulverton, whose principal seat was at Batsford Park, near Batsford, Gloucestershire.

Dulverton is a popular tourist destination for exploring Exmoor, and is home to the Exmoor National Park Authority headquarters.  The town lies on the route of the Exe Valley Way and Land's End Trail.
Joseph J. McCarthy
Joseph Jeremiah McCarthy (August 10, 1911 – June 15, 1996) was a mustang officer in the United States Marine Corps Reserve, who served during World War II and the Korean War. He was also the Superintendent of Ambulances in the Chicago Fire Department;
however, with respect for his wartime heroics, firefighters continued to address him by his wartime military rank of "Captain."

United States Marine Corps Reserve
The Marine Forces Reserve (MARFORRES or MFR), also known as the United States Marine Corps Reserve (USMCR) and the U.S. Marine Corps Forces Reserve, is the reserve force of the United States Marine Corps. The Marine Corps Reserve is an expeditionary, warfighting organization and primarily designed to augment and reinforce the active duty units of the Marine Corps in their expeditionary role. It is the largest command, by assigned personnel, in the U.S. Marine Corps.

Marines in the Reserve go through the same training and work in the same Military Occupational Specialties (MOS) as their active-duty counterparts. The United States Marine Corps Reserve was established when Congress passed the Naval Appropriations Act of 29 August 1916, and is responsible for providing trained units and qualified individuals to be mobilized for active duty in time of war, national emergency, or contingency operations.
Hasmonean Brigade
The Hasmonean Brigade (Hebrew: חטיבת החשמונאים) is an infantry unit in the Israel Defense Forces under the Education and Training Command. The brigade was founded to accommodate Haredi soldiers, who were previously exempt from conscription in Israel. The brigade is currently being arranged and commanded by Colonel Avinoam Emunah and will potentially have up to 4,000 soldiers.

The Israeli Ministry of Defense says the unit is intended for single or married soldiers who wish to maintain their Haredi lifestyle and combine their religious studies with military service.

Enlistees  undergo 8 months of training to join the brigade, which includes rifleman, stealth, open terrain warfare, and night operations training. They are also required to sign a document stating that they will follow a halakhic lifestyle, which includes maintaining a beard and peyos, refraining from the use of foul language, and dressing in accordance with Jewish law.

Night combat
Night combat is combat that occurs during the hours of darkness. It is distinguished from daytime combat by lower visibility and its reversed relation to the circadian cycle. Typically, night combat is favorable to the attacker, with offensive tactics being focused on exploiting the advantages to maximum effect. Defensive night tactics mainly focus on negating the advantages given by the night to the attacker.
Steve Falteisek
Steven James Falteisek (born January 28, 1972) is an American former Major League Baseball pitcher. Falteisek was drafted in the tenth round of the 1992 Major League Baseball draft by the Montreal Expos. He would reach the Major League level with the team in 1997. In 1998, Falteisek signed as a free agent with the Milwaukee Brewers and would make his final Major League appearance during his time with the team. After the Brewers cut him in 1999, Falteisek signed with the Cleveland Indians organization in 2000. Later that same year, he was traded to the Florida Marlins organization for minor league player Victor Martinez.

Falteisek played at the collegiate level at the University of South Alabama.

1992 Major League Baseball draft
The 1992 Major League Baseball draft took place on June 1, 1992, through a conference call involving all 28 MLB teams of the time. Phil Nevin of Cal State Fullerton was the first overall selection, chosen by the Houston Astros. Derek Jeter, selected for the National Baseball Hall of Fame in January 2020, was selected by the New York Yankees with the sixth selection. In addition to Nevin, Paul Shuey, B. J. Wallace, Jeffrey Hammonds, and Chad Mottola were selected ahead of Jeter.
Värnamo
Värnamo (pronounced [ˈvæ̂ːɳaˌmu] ⓘ), historically known as Wernamo, is a town in Jönköping County in the south of Sweden. It is situated on the river Lagan just north of the lake Vidöstern. It is the seat of Värnamo Municipality and has 19,822 inhabitants as of 31 December 2020. The name comes from old Swedish värn (sconce) and mo (sandy flat land).

Sconce (fortification)
A sconce is a small protective fortification, such as an earthwork, often placed on a mound as a defensive work for artillery. It was used primarily in Northern Europe from the late Middle Ages until the 19th century. This type of fortification was common during the English Civil War, and the remains of one such structure can be seen on Fort Royal Hill in Worcester, England.

During the Eighty Years' War for Dutch independence, the sconces (schans in Dutch) were often used to defend strategic places, but were used also during sieges and in circumvallations. Several more or less intact sconces remain in the Netherlands.

The Zaanse Schans, one of the top tourist locations in the Netherlands, derived its name from its original function as a sconce. Sconces played a major part in the Serbian Revolution, countering the numerical superiority of the Turkish army. Most notable cases are the battles at Mišar, Deligrad and Čegar.
Homoeosoma impressale
Homoeosoma impressale is a species of snout moth in the genus Homoeosoma. It was described by George Duryea Hulst in 1886. It is found in North America, including Arizona and California.

The larvae feed on seeds and seed coats within the flower heads of various Cirsium species (including Cirsium canescens and Cirsium occidentale) and closely related genera.

Cirsium canescens
Cirsium canescens, commonly known as prairie thistle, is a species of flowering plant in the sunflower family, Asteraceae. It is a thistle native to the north-central and western United States, where it grows in Colorado, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, South Dakota, and Wyoming, and in California and Nevada.
Chotěnov
Chotěnov is a municipality and village in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants.

Chotěnov lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) west of Svitavy, 38 km (24 mi) south-east of Pardubice, and 130 km (81 mi) east of Prague.

Svitavy
Svitavy (Czech pronunciation: [ˈsvɪtavɪ]; German: Zwittau) is a town in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 16,000 inhabitants. It is the birthplace of Oskar Schindler and the centre of the Czech Esperanto movement. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Shamsilah Siru
Shamsilah binti Siru (born 10 August 1974) is a Malaysian politician. She served as Member of the Kedah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Ayer Hangat since August 2023. She is a member of Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU), a component party of Perikatan Nasional (PN) coalitions.

Ayer Hangat
Ayer Hangat is a state constituency in Kedah, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Kedah State Legislative Assembly.

The state constituency was first contested in 2004 and is mandated to return a single Assemblyman to the Kedah State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system.
2013 Davis Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group III
The Asia/Oceania Zone is one of the three zones of regional Davis Cup competition in 2013.

In the Asia/Oceania Zone there are four different groups in which teams compete against each other to advance to the next group.

Oman Davis Cup team
The Oman Davis Cup team represents Oman in the Davis Cup tennis competition and is governed by the Oman Tennis Association. It competed in its first Davis Cup in 1994.

Oman currently competes in the Asia/Oceania Zone of Group IV.
Bogdan Tuszyński
Bogdan Romuald Tuszyński (4 July 1932 – 1 January 2017) was a Polish sports journalist, reporter and historian. He was best known for his sports report Studio S-13 of the Polskie Radio, beginning in 1970. Born in Łódź, he began his career as an editor of Przegląd Sportowy (1951–1952), before moving to Polskie Radio in 1953, departing from the radio broadcaster in 1981. He also reported on the Peace Race annually. He published approximately thirty books between 1975 and 2009.

For his services to Polish sports journalist, Tuszyński was awarded the Order of Polonia Restituta and the Cross of Merit.

Tuszyński died following a long illness on 1 January 2017 in Warsaw at the age of 84.

Peace Race
The Peace Race (German: Friedensfahrt, Czech: Závod míru, Slovak: Preteky mieru, Russian: Велогонка Мира (Velogonka Mira), Polish: Wyścig Pokoju [ˈvɨɕt͡ɕik pɔˈkɔju], French: Course de la Paix, Italian: Corsa della Pace, Romanian: Cursa Păcii) was a cycling race that was established as the largest event in Eastern Europe after the Second World War. It ended in 2006. A competition resembling the original was reactivated in the Czech Republic in 2013.
The Emperor of the East
The Emperor of the East is a Caroline era stage play, a tragicomedy written by Philip Massinger and first published in 1632. The play provides an interesting example of the treatment of the Roman Catholic sacrament of confession in English Renaissance theatre.

Penance in the Catholic Church
The sacrament of penance (also commonly called the reconciliation or confession) is one of the seven sacraments of the Catholic Church (known in Eastern Christianity as sacred mysteries). Through this sacrament, the faithful are absolved of sins committed after baptism and reconciled with the Christian community. During reconciliation, mortal sins must be confessed and venial sins may be confessed for devotional reasons. According to the dogma and unchanging practice of the church, only those ordained as priests may grant absolution.
Mitta Mitta
Mitta Mitta is the name of several places in Australia:

Mitta Mitta, New South Wales, a farming community

Mitta Mitta, Victoria, a small town
Mitta Mitta Airport, Victoria

Mitta Mitta River, a major tributary of the Murray River in Victoria, Australia

Mitta Mitta River
Mitta Mitta River, a perennial river and a direct tributary of the Murray River within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the Alpine district of Victoria, Australia.

The name Mitta Mitta derives from the Aboriginal word mida-modoenga, meaning reeds called modunga.
Dinatural transformation
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a dinatural transformation  between two functors

written

is a function that to every object  of  associates an arrow

of

and satisfies the following coherence property: for every morphism  of  the diagram

commutes. Note the direction of  is opposite along   in the first component since it is contravariant.

The composition of two dinatural transformations need not be dinatural.

Coherency (homotopy theory)
In mathematics, specifically in homotopy theory and (higher) category theory, coherency is the standard that equalities or diagrams must satisfy when they hold "up to homotopy" or "up to isomorphism".

Often, more than one way of defining a mapping between mathematical objects might be considered "natural". Then the question might arise, which way to choose? Coherency implies that it doesn't matter which way is chosen, because all the alternative definitions are equivalent. The equivalence is often manifest in a commutative diagram.

The adjectives such as "pseudo-" and "lax-" are used to refer to the fact equalities are weakened in coherent ways; e.g., pseudo-functor, pseudoalgebra.
Hypsibarbus suvattii
Hypsibarbus suvattii is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Hypsibarbus which has only been recorded with certainty from the Mae Klong in Thailand.  It is a big-sized cyprinid, reaching 50 cm (19 in) SL, but it is rare species. The specific name honours Thai ichthyologist Chote Suvatti, former professor of Kasetsart University, who is one of the pioneers of fisheries in Thailand.

Kasetsart University
Kasetsart University (Thai: มหาวิทยาลัยเกษตรศาสตร์; RTGS: Mahawitthayalai Kasetsat; commonly Kaset or KU) is a public research university in Bangkok, Thailand. It is the largest university in Thailand.  It was Thailand's first agricultural university and Thailand's third oldest university.  It was established on 2 February 1943 to promote subjects related to agricultural science. Since then, Kasetsart University has expanded its subject areas to cover life sciences, science, engineering, social sciences, and humanities. Kasetsart University's main campus is in Bangkhen, northern Bangkok, with several other campuses throughout Thailand.
The Sleeping and the Dead
The Sleeping and the Dead is an anthology of fantasy and horror stories edited by American writer August Derleth.  It was first published by Pellegrini & Cudahy in 1947.  Many of the stories had originally appeared in the magazines The London Mercury, Weird Tales, Scribner's, Dublin University Magazine, Unknown, Esquire, The Bellman, Vanity Fair and Black Mask.  An abridged edition (15 stories) was published by Four Square Books in 1963 under the same title. (The other 15 stories were issued in paperback as The Unquiet Grave (anthology).

Scribner's Magazine
Scribner's Magazine was an American periodical published by the publishing house of Charles Scribner's Sons from January 1887 to May 1939. Scribner's Magazine was the second magazine out of the Scribner's firm, after the publication of Scribner's Monthly. Charles Scribner's Sons spent over $500,000 setting up the magazine, to compete with the already successful Harper's Monthly and The Atlantic Monthly. Scribner's Magazine was launched in 1887, and was the first of any magazine to introduce color illustrations. The magazine ceased publication in 1939.

The magazine contained many engravings by famous artists of the 19th and early 20th centuries, as well as articles by important authors of the time, including John Thomason, Elisabeth Woodbridge Morris, Clarence Cook, and President Theodore Roosevelt.

The magazine had high sales when Roosevelt started contributing, reaching over 200,000, but gradually lost circulation after World War I.
AMD Live!
AMD Live! is the name of AMD's initiative in 2005 aimed at gathering the support of professional musicians and other media producers behind its hardware products. The primary focus of this initiative was the Opteron server- and workstation-class central processing units (CPUs).

AMD subsequently extended AMD LIVE! into a platform marketing initiative focusing the consumer electronics segment in 2006 and focused on performance segment desktop-class processors. AMD Live! for consumer electronics segment was announced on January 4, 2006 officially through press release.

The AMD Live! is an initiative, which can be divided into two parts, one in terms of software and the other, computer hardware. The software portion focuses on users' internet and multimedia experiences, while the hardware sector focuses on the ability of a system to handle multimedia files and the convergence of consumer electronics (CE) and personal computing (PC) into one computer chassis.

Opteron
Opteron is a discontinued x86 server and workstation processor line from AMD, and is the first processor that supports the AMD64 instruction set architecture (known generically as x86-64). It was released on April 22, 2003, with the SledgeHammer core (K8) and was intended to compete in the server and workstation markets, particularly in the same segment as the Intel Xeon processor. Processors based on the AMD K10 microarchitecture (codenamed Barcelona) were announced on September 10, 2007, featuring a new quad-core configuration. The last released Opteron CPUs are the Piledriver-based Opteron 4300 and 6300 series processors, codenamed "Seoul" and "Abu Dhabi" respectively.

In January 2016, the first ARMv8-A based Opteron-branded SoC was released, though it is unclear what, if any, heritage this Opteron-branded product line shares with the original Opteron technology other than intended use in the server space.
Grooves (magazine)
Grooves is an American electronic music magazine founded in 1999 by editor Sean Portnoy, initially concentrating on the then-burgeoning IDM music genre and expanding to its more experimental, abstract offshoots, such as microsound, microhouse and glitch, eventually encompassing a global view of musicians and cross-cultural influences that is reflected in coverage of jungle, two-step, avant rap, broken beat and other offbeat new music. The headquarters is in San Francisco.

Early issues contained a vast range of full-length album and 12" single/EP reviews; later issues added new media release types, including reviews of books and DVD-based documentary and music video film releases. Additionally, each issue contained several artist interviews and label profiles, evaluations of new and offbeat digital and analog hardware and software tools for making electronic music, and coverage of live performances and festivals throughout the United States, Canada, South America and Europe.

Jungle music
Jungle is a genre of electronic music that developed in the 1990s out of the UK rave scene and Jamaican sound system culture. Emerging from breakbeat hardcore, the style is characterised by rapid breakbeats, heavily syncopated percussive loops, samples and synthesised effects, combined with the deep basslines, melodies and vocal samples found in dub, reggae and dancehall, as well as hip-hop and funk. Many producers frequently sampled the "Amen break" or other breakbeats from funk and jazz recordings. Jungle was a direct precursor to the drum and bass genre which emerged in the mid-1990s.
Elias C. Kiær
Elias Cathrinus Kiær (27 February 1863 – 13 April 1939) was a Norwegian businessperson.

He was born at Drammen in Buskerud, Norway. He was as the son of wholesaler Hans Theodor Kiær (1827–1911) as well as being a grandson of Hans Andersen Kiær and nephew of Anders F. Kiær. Elias C. Kiær was also an uncle of paleontologist Johan Aschehoug Kiær and organizational worker Dakky Kiær.

In 1895 he took over the family company And. H. Kiær & Co from his uncle Anders—co-owners were his uncle Hans Theodor, first cousin Frits and Anders' son-in-law Peter Collett Solberg. The company was greatly expanded in the years before 1920, buying forest areas and founding paper mills and sawmills. However, following the economic hardships of the Interwar Period, the company declined.

His son, Hans Th Kiær, had taken over as CEO in 1916
and his nephew Thorry Kiær also played an important role in the 1920s,

Drammen
Drammen (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈdrɑ̀mːən] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in Buskerud county, Norway. The port and river city of Drammen is centrally located in the south-eastern and most populated part of Norway. Drammen municipality also includes smaller towns and villages such as Konnerud, Svelvik, Mjøndalen and Skoger.
Gina Ochsner
Gina Ochsner (born 1970) is an American author best known for her story collection The Necessary Grace to Fall, which won the Flannery O'Connor Award in 2001, and her novel The Russian Dream Book of Colour and Flight (2009).

Ochsner is a native of Oregon. She graduated from George Fox University, in Newberg, Oregon, and holds a master's degree from Iowa State University.

Her first published story was "Feldspar's Rock Shop" in the Dog River Review, Volume 13, No. 1 (1994), under the pseudonym, G. Withnell.

In 2018, Ochsner made an appearance on Storytellers Telling Stories, reading her story, "Elegy in Water". Her story "Soon the Light" was included in The Best American Short Stories 2022.

The Best American Short Stories 2022
The Best American Short Stories 2022 is a volume in the annual Best American Short Stories anthology. It was edited by series editor Heidi Pitlor and guest editor and Pulitzer Prize winner Andrew Sean Greer. The collection of 20 short stories selected from leading magazines in the U.S. was published in November 2022 with a print run of 75,000. It was also issued as an audiobook spoken by five voice actors.
René Sommerfeldt
René Sommerfeldt (born 2 October 1974 in Zittau) is a German cross-country skier who competed from 1994 to 2010. He won two medals in the 4 × 10 km relays at the Winter Olympics with a silver in 2006 and a bronze in 2002. Sommerfeldt's best individual Olympic finish was 12th in the 15 km event in 2006.

Sommerfeldt also has three medals at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships, earning two silvers (50 km: 2001, 4 × 10 km relay: 2003) and one bronze (4 × 10 km relay: 2001).

He also won the 50 km event at the Holmenkollen Ski Festival in 2004, becoming the second German to win this prestigious honor (the first was Gerhard Grimmer in 1970/71).

Sommerfeldt will become a coach in cross-country skiing for the German team.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships is a biennial Nordic skiing event organized by the International Ski Federation (FIS). The World Championships was started in 1924 for men and opened for women's participation in 1954. World Championship events include Nordic skiing's three disciplines: cross-country skiing, ski jumping, and Nordic combined (the latter being a combination sport consisting of both cross-country and ski jumping). The Winter Olympics from 1924 to 1980 were also the Nordic World Ski Championships. This meant that the Olympic champions were also World champions and received an additional medal from the International Ski Federation (FIS). Since 1985, the World Championships have been held in odd-numbered years.