hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sinomenine
Sinomenine or cocculine is an alkaloid found in the root of the climbing plant Sinomenium acutum which is native to Japan and China. The plant is traditionally used in herbal medicine in these countries for rheumatism and arthritis. However, analgesic action against other types of pain seems to be limited. Sinomenine is a morphinan derivative that is related to the common cough suppressant dextromethorphan. The drug's anti-rheumatic effects are thought to be primarily mediated via release of histamine, but other effects such as inhibition of prostaglandin, leukotriene and nitric oxide synthesis may also be involved.

Leukotriene
Leukotrienes are a family of eicosanoid inflammatory mediators produced in leukocytes by the oxidation of arachidonic acid (AA) and the essential fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) by the enzyme arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase.

Leukotrienes use lipid signaling to convey information to either the cell producing them (autocrine signaling) or neighboring cells (paracrine signaling) in order to regulate immune responses. The production of leukotrienes is usually accompanied by the production of histamine and prostaglandins, which also act as inflammatory mediators.

One of their roles (specifically, leukotriene D4) is to trigger contractions in the smooth muscles lining the bronchioles; their overproduction is a major cause of inflammation in asthma and allergic rhinitis. Leukotriene antagonists are used to treat these disorders by inhibiting the production or activity of leukotrienes.
Il proscritto
Il proscritto (The Proscribed Man) is an 1842 opera by Saverio Mercadante to a libretto by Salvadore Cammarano based on the 1839 play Le proscrit by Frédéric Soulié. The premiere took place at the San Carlo Theatre in Naples in January 4, 1842.

It was revived by Opera Rara on 28 June 2022 at the Barbican Hall, London.

Saverio Mercadante
Giuseppe Saverio Raffaele Mercadante (baptised 17 September 1795 – 17 December 1870) was an Italian composer, particularly of operas. While Mercadante may not have retained the international celebrity of Vincenzo Bellini, Gaetano Donizetti or Gioachino Rossini beyond his own lifetime, he composed as prolifically as any of them, and his development of operatic structures, melodic styles and orchestration contributed significantly to the foundations upon which Giuseppe Verdi built his dramatic technique.
2017 Pac-12 Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2017 Pac-12 Conference men's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the Pac-12 Conference and was played during March 8–11, 2017 at T-Mobile Arena in Paradise, Nevada. The champion, Arizona, received the Pac-12 conference automatic bid to the 2017 NCAA tournament with an 83–80 win over Oregon in the finals.

Paradise, Nevada
Paradise is an unincorporated town and census-designated place (CDP) in Clark County, Nevada, United States, adjacent to the city of Las Vegas. It was formed on December 8, 1950. Its population was 191,238 at the 2020 census, making it the fifth-most-populous CDP in the United States; if it were an incorporated city, it would be the fifth-largest in Nevada. As an unincorporated town, it is governed by the Clark County Commission with input from the Paradise Town Advisory Board.

Paradise contains Harry Reid International Airport; the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV); the majority of the Las Vegas Strip; and most of the tourist attractions in the Las Vegas area (excluding downtown). However, all Paradise addresses, as well as other unincorporated areas in the Las Vegas Valley, have "Las Vegas" addresses.
Saturnia
Saturnia (Italian: [saˈturnja]) is a spa town in Tuscany in central Italy that has been inhabited since ancient times. It is a frazione of the comune of Manciano, in the province of Grosseto. Famous for the spa which gives it its name, its population is 280.

Central Italy
Central Italy (Italian: Italia centrale or Centro Italia) is one of the five official statistical regions of Italy used by the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), a first-level NUTS region with code ITI, and a European Parliament constituency. As of 2025, it has over 11 million inhabitants.
2012 Qatar Total Open – Doubles
Květa Peschke and Katarina Srebotnik were the defending champions, but chose not to participate this year.
Liezel Huber and Lisa Raymond defeated Raquel Kops-Jones and Abigail Spears 6–3, 6–1 in the final.

Raquel Atawo
Raquel Atawo (née Kops-Jones; born December 8, 1982) is an American former professional tennis player, who is currently the head women's tennis coach for the Washington State Cougars.

She is primarily a doubles specialist, winning 18 WTA doubles titles, including two Premier-5 titles at the 2012 Toray Pan Pacific Open and the 2014 Cincinnati Masters, and reaching the semifinals of the 2014 Australian Open, 2015 Wimbledon Championships and 2016 Wimbledon Championships, all alongside her regular partner, fellow American Abigail Spears.

Before serving as the head coach at Washington State, Atawo was an assistant women's tennis coach for Auburn University and a volunteer coach for University of California women's tennis.
Pascal (microarchitecture)
Pascal is the codename for a GPU microarchitecture developed by Nvidia, as the successor to the Maxwell architecture. The architecture was first introduced in April 2016 with the release of the Tesla P100 (GP100) on April 5, 2016, and is primarily used in the GeForce 10 series, starting with the GeForce GTX 1080 and GTX 1070 (both using the GP104 GPU), which were released on May 27, 2016, and June 10, 2016, respectively. Pascal was manufactured using TSMC's 16 nm FinFET process, and later Samsung's 14 nm FinFET process.

The architecture is named after the 17th century French mathematician and physicist, Blaise Pascal.

In April 2019, Nvidia enabled a software implementation of DirectX Raytracing on Pascal-based cards starting with the GTX 1060 6 GB, and in the 16 series cards, a feature reserved to the Turing-based RTX series up to that point.

GeForce GTX 16 series
The GeForce GTX 16 series is a series of graphics processing units (GPUs) developed by Nvidia, based on the Turing microarchitecture, announced in February 2019. The GeForce GTX 16 series, commercialized within the same timeframe as the GeForce RTX 20 series, aims to cover the entry-level to mid-range market, not addressed by the latter. As a result, the media have mainly compared it to AMD's Radeon RX 500 series of GPUs.

The GeForce GTX 16 series includes the GTX 1650, 1650 Super, 1660, 1660 Super, 1660 Ti, and a lower-end GTX 1630, which was released later. The GTX 1650 features both a GDDR5 and GDDR6 version.

Like the GeForce RTX 20 series, the GeForce GTX 16 series was followed by the GeForce 30 series. The 16 series was the last GPU generation of the GeForce series that did not support hardware-accelerated real-time ray tracing and was therefore marketed under the GTX instead of RTX prefix.
2007 World Long Distance Mountain Running Challenge
The 2007 World Long Distance Mountain Running Challenge was the fourth edition of the global Mountain running competition, World Long Distance Mountain Running Championships, organised by the World Mountain Running Association.

Mountain running
Mountain running is a sports discipline which takes place mainly off-road in mountainous terrain, but if there is significant elevation gain on the route, surfaced roads may be used. In this it differs from fell running; its courses are more clearly marked and avoid dangerous sections. It is a form of trail running if it is run on unpaved surfaces. Mountain running is a combination of running, jogging, and walking, depending on how steep the trail is.

It is recognized by World Athletics and governed by the World Mountain Running Association, which has been organising world championships since 1985.
Sutphen (surname)
Sutphen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

C.H. Sutphen, founder of Sutphen, an American emergency service vehicle manufacturing company

Jeff Sutphen (born 1977), American actor, producer, and game show host

Joyce Sutphen (born 1949), American poet

Mona Sutphen (born 1967), American government official

Van Tassel Sutphen (1861–1945), American playwright, librettist, novelist, and editor

Mona Sutphen
Mona K. Sutphen (born November 10, 1967) was the White House Deputy Chief of Staff for Policy in the Obama administration from 2009 to 2011. She is currently a Senior Partner and Head of Investment Strategies at The Vistria Group, a Chicago-based private equity firm founded by Marty Nesbitt and Kip Kirkpatrick. From 2013 to 2019, she was a partner in Macro Advisory Partners LLP and from 2011 to 2013 was a managing director at UBS AG, covering geopolitical risk, macro-policy trends and their impact on the global economy. She held a diplomatic position in the National Security Council during the Clinton Administration.
USS Anacostia
USS Anacostia is a name used more than once by the U.S. Navy, after the Anacostia River:

USS Anacostia (1856), was a tugboat and patrol boat during the Civil War.

USS Anacostia (AO-94), was an Escambia-class oiler commissioned on 25 February 1945 and decommissioned on 16 April 1946.

Anacostia River
The Anacostia River /ænəˈkɒstiə/ is a river in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It flows from Prince George's County in Maryland into Washington, D.C., where it joins with the Washington Channel and ultimately empties into the Potomac River at Buzzard Point. It is about 8.7 miles (14.0 km) long. The name "Anacostia" derives from the area's early history as Nacotchtank, a settlement of Necostan or Anacostan Native Americans on the banks of the Anacostia River.

Heavy pollution in the Anacostia and weak investment and development along its banks made it "D.C.'s forgotten river". More recently, however, private organizations; local businesses; and the D.C., Maryland, and federal governments have made efforts to reduce pollution and protect the ecologically valuable Anacostia watershed.
Cross-country skiing at the 1976 Winter Olympics – Men's 50 kilometre
The men's 50 kilometre cross-country skiing competition at the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, Austria, was held on Saturday 14 February at Seefeld. Gerhard Grimmer of East Germany was the 1974 World champion and Pål Tyldum of Norway was the defending champion from the 1972 Olympics in Sapporo, Japan.

Each skier started at half a minute intervals, skiing the entire 50 kilometre course. Of the 59 athletes who started the race, 15 did not finish. Ivar Formo of Norway took his first and only Olympic gold medal.

1972 Winter Olympics
The 1972 Winter Olympics, officially the XI Olympic Winter Games and commonly known as Sapporo 1972, were a winter multi-sport event held from February 3 to 13, 1972, in Sapporo, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. It was the first Winter Olympic Games to take place outside Europe and North America.
Shyamal Datta
Shyamal Datta is a former IPS officer, who has also served as the Governor of Nagaland.

Shyamal Datta was born on 10 May 1941. He joined the Indian Police Service in July 1965 . He served as Superintendent of Police in several districts of West Bengal and as Deputy Commissioner of Police in Kolkata.

In January 1979 he joined the Intelligence Bureau of the Government of India, where he served in various capacities. In October 1994, he was appointed Director of the elite Special Protection Group (SPG). In April 1997, he reverted to the Intelligence Bureau as Additional Director and was promoted as Special Director in December 1997. He took over as Director, Intelligence Bureau, on 17 April 1998.He retired on superannuation on 31 May 2001.

Datta was recipient of the Indian Police Medal for meritorious service and the President's Police Medal for distinguished service.

Shyamal Datta was appointed as the Governor of Nagaland on 28 January 2002.

Special Protection Group
The Special Protection Group (SPG) is an agency under the  Cabinet Secretariat of the Government of India, whose sole responsibility is protecting the Prime Minister of India and, in some cases, their family. It was formed in 1988 by an Act of the Parliament of India. The agency protects the Prime Minister at all times, both in India and abroad, as well as the Prime Minister's immediate family members. Family members, however, may decline security.

Previously, the SPG's mandate included protecting the prime minister's "parents, wife  [sic] and children" resident anywhere in India during their term of office and for five years after leaving office. However, the Special Protection Group (Amendment) Act, 2019 reduced such mandate. Presently, Prime Minister Narendra Modi is the only SPG protectee.
Lail
Lail is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brady Lail (born 1993), American baseball player

Elizabeth Lail (born 1992), American actress

Leah Lail, American actress and real estate agent

Muedzul Lail Tan Kiram (born 1966), head of the Royal House of Sulu, Philippines

Muedzul Lail Tan Kiram
Muedzul Lail Tan Kiram (born 28 August 1966) is the eldest son of Mohammed Mahakuttah Abdullah Kiram, the last titular sultan of Sulu recognized by the government of the Philippines. He is one of the main claimants to the headship of the House of Kiram and therefore a claimant to title of sultan. Between his father's death in 1986 and his coronation in 2012, he described himself by the title by which he was recognized by the Philippine government in 1974, that of Raja Muda (chosen heir apparent or crown prince).
Liepiņš
Liepiņš (Old orthography: Leepin(g); feminine: Liepiņa) is a Latvian topographic surname, derived from the Latvian word for "linden tree" (liepa). Individuals with the surname include:

Arvis Liepiņš (born 1990), Latvian cross-country skier

Emīls Liepiņš (born 1992), Latvian cyclist

Jānis Liepiņš (1894–1964), Latvian painter

Kaspars Liepiņš (born 1984), Latvian sidecarcross rider

Ilmārs Liepiņš (1947–2007), Latvian football player

Modris Liepiņš (born 1966), Latvian race walker

Zigmārs Liepiņš (born 1952), Latvian composer

Zigmars Liepiņš
Zigmars Liepiņš (born 14 October 1952 in Liepāja, Latvian SSR, USSR (now: Latvia) is a Latvian composer, keyboard player and the chairman of the board for the Latvian National Opera. Liepiņš has written songs for choirs, solo artists, orchestras, films, theatres, and operas.
SHOC2
Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein SHOC-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SHOC2 gene. The best-studied role of SHOC2 is in modulating  signals of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathway by forming a holophosphatase complex that activates RAF proteins. This protein was initially identified in Caenorhabditis elegans as SUR-8/SOC2 and was found to be a critical positive regulator of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway that integrates the Ras and RAF components of the ERK1/2 pathway into a multiprotein complex. Specifically, SHOC2 tethers RAS and PP1C proteins and in close proximity to RAF to dephosphorylate “S259” to enable MAPK signaling. It has been shown that activity that results in lipidation (specifically Myristoylation) of SHOC2 can cause Noonan syndrome.

Leucine-rich repeat
A leucine-rich repeat (LRR) is a protein structural motif that forms an α/β horseshoe fold. It is composed of repeating 20–30 amino acid stretches that are unusually rich in the hydrophobic amino acid leucine. These tandem repeats commonly fold together to form a solenoid protein domain, termed leucine-rich repeat domain. Typically, each repeat unit has beta strand-turn-alpha helix structure, and the assembled domain, composed of many such repeats, has a horseshoe shape with an interior parallel beta sheet and an exterior array of helices. One face of the beta sheet and one side of the helix array are exposed to solvent and are therefore dominated by hydrophilic residues. The region between the helices and sheets is the protein's hydrophobic core and is tightly sterically packed with leucine residues.

Leucine-rich repeats are frequently involved in the formation of protein–protein interactions.
Wamp 2 Dem
Wamp 2 Dem is a commercial mixtape by English rapper Giggs. It was released on 6 October 2017 by No BS Music, while the mixtape was distributed by Island Records. It succeeds Giggs' fourth album Landlord (2016), released a year and two months prior, and is Giggs' first release with a major label. The mixtape includes guest appearances from American rappers 2 Chainz, Young Thug and Lil Duke, alongside Dave, Footsie, D Double E, Popcaan and Donae'o. Production was handled by Cool & Dre, London on da Track, Zaytoven, The Fanatix, Bricks Da Mane and Chris Childs, among others.

The mixtape was supported by one single – "Linguo" featuring Donae'o, which became Giggs' highest-charting single.

Zaytoven
Xavier Lamar Dotson (born January 12, 1980), known professionally as Zaytoven, is an American record producer from Atlanta, Georgia. He has released collaborative projects with artists including Gucci Mane, Usher, Future, Young Dolph, Migos, Lecrae, Lil Yachty, Chief Keef, Young Scooter, B.o.B, Boosie Badazz, Waka Flocka Flame, 21 Savage, Deitrick Haddon and La Fève.

Zaytoven signed with Gucci Mane's 1017 Records as an in-house producer after producing the latter's 2005 single "Icy". He was credited on Usher's 2009 single "Papers", which peaked within the Billboard Hot 100's top 40.
Champion Industries
Champion Industries is an American commercial printing company based in Huntington, West Virginia. The company was founded in 1964 and has grown throughout the southeastern United States.  The largest stockholder, Chairman of the Board and CEO is Marshall Reynolds.

The company owns commercial printing operations in North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Tennessee, West Virginia, Indiana and Louisiana and office equipment concerns in West Virginia, Kentucky, and Ohio.  It also prints ad inserts for numerous newspapers.

On May 22, 2009 the company defaulted on a 70 million dollar loan used to purchase the Herald-Dispatch and eliminated about 15% of the newspaper's workforce.

Printing
Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include cylinder seals and objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The earliest known form of printing evolved from ink rubbings made on paper or cloth from texts on stone tablets, used during the sixth century. Printing by pressing an inked image onto paper (using woodblock printing) appeared later that century. Later developments in printing technology include the movable type invented by Bi Sheng around 1040 and the printing press invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century. The technology of printing played a key role in the development of the Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution and laid the material basis for the modern knowledge-based economy and the spread of learning to the masses.
1973 Luhuo earthquake
The 1973 Luhuo earthquake struck near the town of Zhaggo in Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province, China on February 6, 1973, with a magnitude of 7.6 Ms. The earthquake had a maximum intensity of X (Extreme) on the Modified Mercalli intensity scale. It resulted in between 2,175 and 2,204 deaths and a further 2,743 injuries. Serious and widespread destruction occurred in Luhuo County.

Seismic magnitude scales
Seismic magnitude scales are used to describe the overall strength or "size" of an earthquake. These are distinguished from seismic intensity scales that categorize the intensity or severity of ground shaking (quaking) caused by an earthquake at a given location. Magnitudes are usually determined from measurements of an earthquake's seismic waves as recorded on a seismogram. Magnitude scales vary based on what aspect of the seismic waves are measured and how they are measured. Different magnitude scales are necessary because of differences in earthquakes, the information available, and the purposes for which the magnitudes are used.
(Pyruvate, phosphate dikinase)-phosphate phosphotransferase
(Pyruvate, phosphate dikinase)-phosphate phosphotransferase (EC 2.7.4.27, PPDK regulatory protein, pyruvate, phosphate dikinase regulatory protein, bifunctional dikinase regulatory protein, PDRP1 (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name (pyruvate, phosphate dikinase) phosphate:phosphate phosphotransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

[pyruvate, phosphate dikinase] phosphate + phosphate  [pyruvate, phosphate dikinase] + diphosphate

The enzyme from the plants maize and arabidopsis is bifunctional and also catalyses the phosphorylation of pyruvate (EC 2.7.11.32).

(Pyruvate, phosphate dikinase) kinase
(Pyruvate, phosphate dikinase) kinase (EC 2.7.11.32, PPDK regulatory protein, pyruvate, phosphate dikinase regulatory protein, bifunctional dikinase regulatory protein) is an enzyme with systematic name ADP:(pyruvate, phosphate dikinase) phosphotransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

ADP + [pyruvate, phosphate dikinase]  AMP + [pyruvate, phosphate dikinase] phosphate

This enzyme is isolated from the plants Zea mays (maize) and arabidopsis.
Archips machlopis
Archips machlopis is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is widely distributed in southern Asia (including Pakistan, Nepal, China, India, Burma, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia and Indonesia: Sumatra, Java).

The wingspan is 16–20 mm for males and 18–22 mm for females. In Malaysia, adults are on wing from July to November, in Indonesia the flight time is February and March, and from July to September.

The larvae feed on Medicago, Gloriosa superba, Cedrela toonica, Rumex, Citrus, Salix, Litchi and Camellia sinensis.

Rumex
The docks and sorrels, genus Rumex, are a genus of about 200 species of annual, biennial, and perennial herbs in the buckwheat family, Polygonaceae. Members of this genus are common perennial herbs with a worldwide native distribution in temperate and subtropical climates.

Some are nuisance weeds (and are sometimes called dockweed or dock weed), but some are grown for their edible leaves. Rumex species are used as food plants by the larvae of a number of Lepidoptera species, and are the only host plants of the butterflies Lycaena dispar and Lycaena rubidus.
Gerry Legras
Gerry Legras (born 5 April 1966) is a Seychellois former boxer.

Representing Seychelles at the men's light welterweight event in the 1996 Summer Olympics, Legras beat Colombian boxer Dairo Esalas by a score of 26–12 in the first round; he was defeated in round two by the Iranian pugilist Babak Moghimi, who made it as far as the semi-finals. Legras was more successful in the 1998 Commonwealth Games where he won a silver medal in the same event after losing in the final to Michael Strange from Canada. Previously, he represented Seychelles at the 1994 Commonwealth Games and 1990 Commonwealth Games.
Since retiring from the ring, Gerry has taken up employment as a boxing coach.

1990 Commonwealth Games
The 1990 Commonwealth Games (Māori: 1990 Taumāhekeheke Commonwealth) were held in Auckland, New Zealand from, 24 January – 3 February 1990. It was the 14th Commonwealth Games, and part of New Zealand's 1990 sesquicentennial celebrations.

Participants competed in ten sports: athletics, aquatics, badminton, boxing, cycling, gymnastics, judo, lawn bowls, shooting and weightlifting. Judo (which had been a demonstration sport in 1986) and Gymnastics (last held in 1978) were added as events by the New Zealand organising committee, effectively replacing wrestling, which was dropped from the Games for the first time and rowing which had been held for the last time.

Netball and the Triathlon were demonstration events.