hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Linguistics Association of Great Britain
The Linguistics Association of Great Britain (LAGB) is an association which claims to be the leading professional association for academic linguists there.

The association's predecessor was the Germanist Jeffrey Ellis' Linguistic Circle at Hull University which became active in the late 1950s.  It was renamed LAGB and had its first meeting of significance on 1 November 1959.

The association has published the Journal of Linguistics since 1964.

German studies
German studies is an academic field that researches, documents and disseminates German language, literature, and culture in its historic and present forms. Academic departments of German studies therefore often focus on German culture, German history, and German politics in addition to the language and literature component. Approaches to the discipline vary by country. Modern German studies is usually seen as a combination of two sub-disciplines: German linguistics alongside Germanophone literature and cultural studies.

Common names for "German Studies" for the field within German-speaking countries are Germanistik, Deutsche Philologie, and Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft und Literaturwissenschaft. In English, the terms Germanistics or Germanics are sometimes used (mostly by Germans), but the subject is more often referred to as German studies, German language and literature, or German philology. Academics who specialize in German studies are referred to as Germanists.
Schultheiss (surname)
Schultheiss or Schultheiß is a surname of German origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Adrian Schultheiss (born 1988), Swedish figure skater

Carl Max Schultheiss (1885–1961), German-American graphic designer

Christina Schultheiß (1918–2016), German civil engineer, best known for her involvement in the Protestant church

Fredy Schultheiss (1926–2006), Swiss rower

Hans Schultheiss (1921–2013), Swiss rower

Herman J. Schulteis (1818–1889), Wisconsin politician

Joachim Ludwig Schultheiss von Unfriedt (1678–1753), German architect

Louis A. Schultheiss (1925–2014), American academic

Matthias Schultheiss (born 1946), German graphic novel artist

Walter Schultheiß (1924–2025), German actor, author and painter

Fredy Schultheiss
Alfred Schultheiss (14 April 1926 – 19 August 2006) was a Swiss rower. He competed in the men's eight event at the 1948 Summer Olympics. Schultheiss died in Cayman Brac, Cayman Islands on 19 August 2006, at the age of 80.
Japanese destroyer Asagiri
At least three warships of Japan have borne the name Asagiri:

Japanese destroyer Asagiri (1903), a Harusame-class destroyer launched in 1903 and stricken in 1926

Japanese destroyer Asagiri (1929), a Fubuki-class destroyer launched in 1929 and sunk in 1942

JDS Asagiri (DD-151), an Asagiri-class destroyer launched in 1986

Harusame-class destroyer
The Harusame-class destroyers (春雨型駆逐艦, Harusamegata kuchikukan) was a class of seven torpedo boat destroyers (TBDs) of the Imperial Japanese Navy. The Harusame class of destroyers were the first destroyers to be built in Japan.
Tea Men
Tea Men is the name of several American former soccer teams:

Boston Tea Men, based in North Andover, Massachusetts

Jacksonville Tea Men, based in Jacksonville, Florida

New England Tea Men, based in Greater Boston

Jacksonville Tea Men
The Jacksonville Tea Men was a soccer team based in Jacksonville, Florida, United States. Overall, the Tea Men played a total of four years in Jacksonville, first in the major league-level North American Soccer League (NASL) from 1980–1982, then in the lower level American Soccer League in 1983 and United Soccer League in 1984.
John Platt (settler)
John Platt (January 11, 1632 – November 6, 1705) was an early settler of Norwalk, Connecticut. He was a member of the General Court of the Colony of Connecticut from Norwalk in several sessions between 1678 and 1694.

Platt was the son of Richard Platt and Mary Wood.  He moved from Milford, Connecticut to Norwalk, and received grants of land there in 1660, 1663 and 1672. He was a deacon of the church at Norwalk and sergeant of the Norwalk Train Band.

In 1680, Platt was one of the three commissioners appointed to lay out the plantation north of Stamford. In 1687, he was appointed one of the three commissioners chosen to lay out Danbury.

Connecticut Colony
The Connecticut Colony, originally known as the Connecticut River Colony, was an English colony in New England which became the state of Connecticut. It was organized on March 3, 1636 as a settlement for a Puritan congregation of settlers from the Massachusetts Bay Colony led by Thomas Hooker. The English secured their control of the region in the Pequot War. The colony eventually absorbed the neighboring New Haven and Saybrook colonies. It was part of the brief Dominion of New England. The colony's founding document was the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, which has been called the first written constitution of a democratic government, earning Connecticut the nickname "The Constitution State".
Jalna (novel series)
Jalna is a 16-book series of novels by the Canadian writer Mazo de la Roche.

Jalna is the name of the fictional manor house in which the Whiteoak family lives. The name comes from Jalna, a city in west-central India, where there was a British garrison. In a prequel novel, the house is built by a retired officer of the British army who served in India. Jalna is partly based on Benares, a house in Mississauga, Canada. Benares was built in the late 1850s for a retired officer of the British army who had served in India, James B. Harris. It once occupied a larger estate, upon which de la Roche lived for a time. "Benares" is an alternate name of Varanasi, a city in India which had a British garrison.

Jalna, Maharashtra
Jalna pronunciationⓘ is a city in Jalna district, in the Aurangabad Division, or Marathwada region, of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It was part of Hyderabad State as a tehsil of Aurangabad district, before Jalna district was formed effective 1 May 1981. Jalna became Maharashtra's 29th Municipal Corporation.
Khishortob
Khishortob (Tajik: Хишортоб or Хширтоб Khshirtob, Yaghnobi Хишортоw) is a village in Sughd Region, northwestern Tajikistan. It is part of the jamoat Anzob in the Ayni District, and located northeast of the village Anzob. The population of the village was 48 in 2007.

Jamoats of Tajikistan
The jamoats of Tajikistan (Russian: джамоаты, romanized: dzhamoaty; Tajik: ҷамоати деҳот, romanized: jamoati dehot, "village communes") are the third-level administrative divisions, similar to communes or municipalities, in the Central Asian country of Tajikistan. As of January 2020, there are 368 rural jamoats, 65 towns and 18 cities in Tajikistan. Each jamoat is further subdivided into villages (or deha or qyshqol)

The jamoats and towns, and their population figures (as of January 2015) by district of each region are listed below:
Kip Jordan
Stanley "Kip" Jordan was an American soccer defender who was a 1973 first team All American, then spent three seasons in the North American Soccer League (NASL).

Jordan first attended Bowling Green State University in 1970 and transferred to Monroe Community College for 1971 where he was recognized with National Junior College Athletic Association All-America first team selection.  He then returned to senior college at Cornell University, playing on the men's soccer team from 1972 to 1973.  He was a 1972 Honorable Mention (third team) and a 1973 first team All American. Jordan graduated in 1974 and was a member of the Quill and Dagger society. He was inducted with the inaugural class into Cornell's Athletic Hall of Fame in 1978.  In 1974, Jordan signed with the Miami Toros of the North American Soccer League.  He moved to the Rochester Lancers for the 1976 season. In 1978, he played in Canada's National Soccer League with the Buffalo Blazers.

Quill and Dagger
Quill and Dagger is a senior honor society at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. It was founded in 1893 for men-only but later began admitting women. In 1929, The New York Times stated that election into Quill and Dagger constituted "the highest non-scholastic honor within reach of undergraduates."
El Centinela (Baja California)
Mount Signal is a mountain 20 km (12 mi) west of Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico, on Mexican Federal Highway 2. The peak is also known as 'Weeishpa' by the native Kumiai community, 'Cerro del Centinela,' or simply, El Centinela by Mexicans. The northern slope of the mountain begins at the border between Mexico and the United States, the south side is bordered by Federal Highway 2. It  has an elevation of about 781 meter and is the northernmost peak of the Cocopah mountain range or sierra cucapá.

Mount Signal was used by both native and pioneer explorers of the region, to guide them through the desert. The mountain is on the shield of the town of Mexicali and on the shield and flag of Imperial County, California but each from their own perspective. The song Puro Cachanilla also mentions this mountain.

Cocopah
The Cocopah (Cocopah: Xawiƚƚ Kwñchawaay) are Native Americans who live in Baja California, Mexico, and Arizona, United States.

In the United States, Cocopah people belong to the federally recognized Cocopah Tribe of Arizona.
Nardi test
The Nardi test, also known as the morphine-neostigmine provocation test is a test for dysfunction of the sphincter of Oddi, a valve which divides the biliary tract from the duodenum. Two medications, morphine and neostigmine, are given to people with symptoms concerning for sphincter dysfunction, including sharp right-sided abdominal pain. If the pain is reproduced by the medications, then dysfunction is more likely. The test poorly predicts dysfunction, however, and is rarely used today. The Nardi test was named for George Nardi, who first described the procedure in 1966.

Sphincter of Oddi
The sphincter of Oddi (SO)  (also hepatopancreatic sphincter or Glisson's sphincter), is a sphincter, a muscular valve that, in humans and some animals, controls the flow of bile and pancreatic juice out of the gallbladder and pancreas respectively through the ampulla of Vater into the second part of the duodenum. It is named after Ruggero Oddi.
Nasir Jung
Mir Ahmad Ali Khan Siddiqi Bayafandi, Nasir Jung, was the second Nizam of Hyderabad State. He was the son of Asaf Jah I and his wife Saeed-un-nisa Begum. He was born 26 February 1712. He had taken up a title of Humayun Jah, Nizam ud-Daula, Nawab Mir Ahmad Ali Khan Siddiqi Bahadur, Nasir Jung, Nawab Subadar of the Deccan. However, he is most famously known as Nasir Jung.

The Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah bestowed him with the title Nasir Jung and later the next Mughal Emperor Ahmad Shah Bahadur appointed him as the Subedar of the Deccan and bestowed him with the title Nasir-ud-Daula.

Arcot, Tamil Nadu
Arcot (Tamil: Ārkāḍu, IPA: [aːrkːaːɖɯ]) is a town, part of Vellore metropolitan area and urban area of Ranipet district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Located on the southern banks of Palar River, the city straddles a trade route between Chennai and Bangalore or Salem, between the Mysore Ghat and the Javadi Hills  (Javvadhu malai). It forms a Tri-City with the adjacent municipalities of Walajapet and Ranipet.
Youth in Asia (No Wave band)
Youth in Asia (aka Youthinasia and/or YIA) was an American no wave conceptual art noise music band from New York City that was formed in 1978 by Frank Schroder (bass), Taro Suzuki (keyboards and vocals), Steven Harvey (guitar and vocals) and Stephan Wischerth (drums).

Richard Prince
Richard Prince (born August 6, 1949) is an American conceptual artist and pop artist who rose to prominence in the 1980s in the East Village, Manhattan. He is best known for depicting models, living room furniture, watches, pens, and jewellery using rephotography and appropriation to reflect American pop culture. Prince has been the subject of major survey exhibitions, including the Whitney Museum of American Art, New York (1992); San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (1993); Museum Boijmans van Beuningen, Rotterdam (1993); Museum für Gegenwartskunst, Basel (2001, traveled to Kunsthalle Zürich and Kunstmuseum Wolfsburg); Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum (2007, traveled to the Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, 2008); and Serpentine Gallery, London (2008). Prince is regarded as "one of the most revered artists of his generation" according to The New York Times alongside Sherrie Levine, Louise Lawler, Vikky Alexander, Cindy Sherman, Barbara Kruger and Mike Bidlo.
When I See You
"When I See You" is a song by American singer Macy Gray from her third studio album, The Trouble with Being Myself (2003). It was released on January 27, 2003, as the album's only single. The single was released on two CD formats in the UK that contain remixes by Bugz in the Attic along with two unreleased B-sides: "Lie to Me" and "It's Love".

"When I See You" peaked at number 26 in the United Kingdom and number 40 in Australia. In the United States, the song reached number 21 on the Adult Top 40 chart and number 23 on the Hot Digital Tracks chart.

Adult Pop Airplay
The Adult Pop Airplay (formerly known as Adult Pop Songs and Adult Top 40) chart is published weekly by Billboard magazine and ranks "the most popular adult top 40 as based on radio airplay detections measured by Nielsen Broadcast Data Systems."

It is a format in which the genre is geared more towards an adult audience who are not into hard rock, hip hop, or soft adult contemporary fare. The main genres within this format are a mix of soft and energetic adult contemporary music alongside adult alternative rock and adult-oriented pop music. It is not to be confused with the Adult Contemporary chart which contains more ballad-driven songs played on the radio. The current number-one song on the chart is "Opalite" by Taylor Swift.
1973 Pakistani presidential election
An indirect presidential election was held in Pakistan from 10 August 1973 to select the fifth president of Pakistan and the first president under the new 1973 constitution. Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry, candidate for the Pakistan People's Party (PPP), won 139 votes in parliament, defeating Khan Amirzadah Khan, candidate for the National Awami Party (NAP), who won only 45 votes.

Khan Amirzadah Khan
Khan Amirzadah Khan (15 November 1918 – 13 September 1977) was a member of the Khudai Khidmatgar movement and a leader of the National Awami Party in Pakistan. Born in Bakhshali village, Mardan District in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (formerly known as North West Frontier Province), he was an active participant of Khudai Khidmatgar movement organized by Bacha Khan. Amirzada Khan started active politics with National Awami Party and remained President of National Awami Party District Mardan (now Mardan and Swabi) until 1972, when he remained senior Provincial Minister of Law, Education and Parliamentary Affairs.
Acantholimon albanicum
Acantholimon albanicum is a species of flowering plant in the family Plumbaginaceae. The native range of this species is South East Albania.  It is a perennial and grows primarily in the temperate biome and was described by O.Schwarz & F.Mey.

Plumbaginaceae
Plumbaginaceae is a family of flowering plants, with a cosmopolitan distribution. The family is sometimes referred to as the leadwort family or the plumbago family.

Most species in this family are perennial herbaceous plants, but a few grow as lianas or shrubs. The plants have perfect flowers and are pollinated by insects. They are found in many different climatic regions, from arctic to tropical conditions, but are particularly associated with salt-rich steppes, marshes, and sea coasts.

The family has been recognized by most taxonomists. The APG II system (2003; unchanged from the APG system of 1998), recognizes this family and assigns it to the order Caryophyllales in the clade core eudicots. It includes c. 30 genera and about 725 species.

The 1981 Cronquist system placed the family in a separate order Plumbaginales, which included no other families. The Dahlgren system had segregated some of these plants as family Limoniaceae.
Rock Shrimp Productions
Rock Shrimp Productions NY, LLC is an independent television production company, with headquarters in New York City. The company was founded in 2005 by Kim Martin and chef Bobby Flay, who serve as executive producers. Rock Shrimp Productions also operates Bread & Butter Post, an in-house post-production company.

Production company
A production company, production house, or production studio is a studio that creates works in the fields of performing arts, new media art, film, television, radio, comics, interactive arts, video games, websites, music, and video. These groups consist of technical staff and members to 
produce the media, and are often incorporated as a commercial publisher.

Generally the term refers to all individuals responsible for the technical aspects of creating a particular product, regardless of where in the process their expertise is required, or how long they are involved in the project.  For example, in a theatrical performance, the production team has not only the running crew, but also the theatrical producer, designers, and theatrical direction.
Ramappa Engineering College
Ramappa Engineering College is an engineering college located in the historical district of Warangal in Telangana State, India. It is affiliated with Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad  with NBA accreditation.

Ramappa Engineering College is named after the Ramappa temple located in Warangal district. The college started in 1999 with majors in Computer Science and Information Technology (CSIT), Computer Science Engineering (CSE) and Electronics and Communications Engineering (ECE) with 60 seats each.

It now has four majors CSIT, CSE, ECE and newly added Electronics and Electrical Engineering (EEE), Mechanical Engineering(MECH), Civil Engineering (CIV).

The college has shifted from Mahabubabad to  Hanamkonda Hunter Road at Warangal District.

Mahabubabad
Mahabubabad, formerly known as Manukota, is a city and the district headquarters of Mahabubabad district in the Indian state of Telangana. It is on the west bank of the Munneru, a tributary of the Krishna. Mahabubabad is known for the Bayyaram Mines.
2014 Gibraltar Darts Trophy
The 2014 Gibraltar Darts Trophy was the fifth of eight PDC European Tour events on the 2014 PDC Pro Tour. The tournament took place at the Victoria Stadium in Gibraltar, between 27 and 29 June 2014. It featured a field of 48 players and £100,000 in prize money, with £20,000 going to the winner.

James Wade won his first European Tour title by beating Steve Beaton 6–4 in the final.

2014 PDC Pro Tour
The 2014 PDC Pro Tour was a series of non-televised darts tournaments organised by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC). Professional Dart Players Association Players Championships, UK Open Qualifiers, and European Tour events are the events that make up the Pro Tour. This year there were 34 PDC Pro Tour events held – 20 Players Championships, 6 UK Open Qualifiers, and 8 European Tour events.
Yam Lal Kandel cabinet
The Yam Lal Kandel cabinet is the current 4th cabinet of Karnali Province, formed on 10 April 2024 after Yam Lal Kandel was sworn in as the new Chief Minister of Karnali Province by Governor Tilak Pariyar. Kandel was appointed chief minister as per Article 168(2) of the constitution, after Raj Kumar Sharma of the CPN (Maoist Centre) resigned from the Chief Minister on 3 April 2024.

Tilak Pariyar
Tilak Pariyar (Nepali: तिलक परियार) is a Nepalese politician and former Governor of Karnali Province. He was appointed Governor, as per the Article 163 (2) of the Constitution of Nepal by the President Bidya Devi Bhandari on the recommendation of the Council of Ministers of the Government of Nepal on 9 November 2021. He previously served as the 2nd Governor of Province No. 2 of Nepal. He is former member of the 1st Nepalese Constituent Assembly from Banke-1 constituency.
Dambach, Germany
Dambach (pronounced [ˈdambax]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Birkenfeld, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Birkenfeld (Verbandsgemeinde)
Birkenfeld is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district of Birkenfeld, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The seat of the Verbandsgemeinde is in Birkenfeld.

The Verbandsgemeinde Birkenfeld consists of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):
Skeet (Newfoundland)
The noun skeet in Newfoundland and Labrador English is considered to be a pejorative epithet. Though it has never been formally defined in the Dictionary of Newfoundland English, it is used as a stereotype to describe someone who is ignorant, aggressive, and unruly, with a pattern of vernacular use of English, drug and alcohol use, and who is involved in petty crime. "Skeet" is very similar to the word "chav" used in the UK.

From this noun, the adjective "skeety" is derived.

Stereotype
In social psychology, a stereotype is a generalized belief about a particular category of people. It is an expectation that people might have about every person of a particular group. The type of expectation can vary; it can be, for example, an expectation about the group's personality, preferences, appearance or ability. Stereotypes make information processing easier by allowing the perceiver to rely on previously stored knowledge in place of incoming information. Stereotypes are often faulty, inaccurate, and resistant to new information. Although stereotypes generally have negative implications, they are not necessarily so; they may be positive, neutral, or negative. They can be broken down into two categories: explicit stereotypes, which are conscious, and implicit stereotypes, which are subconscious.
Higuita (film)
Higuita is a 2023 Indian Malayalam-language political drama film directed by Hemanth G. Nair and produced by Bobby Tharian and Sajith Amma. The film stars Suraj Venjaramoodu in the titular role, supported by an ensemble cast including Dhyan Sreenivasan, Manoj K. Jayan, Indrans, Abu Salim, and Vineeth Kumar. Set against the volatile political landscape of Kannur, Kerala, the film explores the turbulent relationship between a left-wing leader and his conflicted bodyguard amidst a web of betrayal and power struggles.

The film's title, Higuita, drew controversy when writer N. S. Madhavan claimed it infringed on his rights to a story of the same name. Despite the dispute, the film was released on 31 March 2023 to a mixed critical reception. While some praised its thought-provoking dialogues and exploration of political opportunism, others criticized its reliance on stereotypes and uneven execution.

Abu Salim (actor)
Abu Salim (born 11 May 1956) is an Indian film actor, bodybuilder, and retired police officer, who works predominantly in the Malayalam cinema. He has also acted in a few Hindi, Tamil and Telugu films. He has mostly played villain roles.