hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hdparm
hdparm is a command line program for Linux to set and view ATA hard disk drive hardware parameters and test performance.  It can set parameters such as drive caches, sleep mode, power management, acoustic management, and DMA settings. GParted and Parted Magic both include hdparm.

Changing hardware parameters from suboptimal conservative defaults to their optimal settings can improve performance greatly.  For example, turning on DMA can, in some instances, double or triple data throughput.  There is, however, no reliable method for determining the optimal settings for a given controller-drive combination, except careful trial and error.

Depending on the given parameters, hdparm can cause computer crashes or render the data on the disk inaccessible.

Computer performance
In computing, computer performance is the amount of useful work accomplished by a computer system. Outside of specific contexts, computer performance is estimated in terms of accuracy, efficiency and speed of executing computer program instructions. When it comes to high computer performance, one or more of the following factors might be involved:

Short response time for a given piece of work.

High throughput (rate of processing work tasks).

Low utilization of computing resources.
Fast (or highly compact) data compression and decompression.

High availability of the computing system or application.

High bandwidth.

Short data transmission time.
FORCEDENTRY
FORCEDENTRY, also capitalized as ForcedEntry, is a security exploit allegedly developed by NSO Group to deploy their Pegasus spyware. It enables the "zero-click" exploit that is prevalent in iOS 13 and below, but also compromises recent safeguards set by Apple's "BlastDoor" in iOS 14 and later. In September 2021, Apple released new versions of its operating systems for multiple device families containing a fix for the vulnerability.

IOS 13
iOS 13 is the thirteenth major release of the iOS mobile operating system developed by Apple for the iPhone, iPod Touch and HomePod. The successor to iOS 12, it was announced at the company's Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) on June 3, 2019, and released on September 19, 2019. It was succeeded by iOS 14, released on September 16, 2020.

As of iOS 13, the iPad lines run a separate operating system, derived from iOS, named iPadOS. Both iPadOS 13 and iOS 13 drop support for devices with less than 2 GB of RAM.
Yellow Claw (character)
The Yellow Claw is a  supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Al Feldstein and artist Joe Maneely, the character first appeared in Yellow Claw #1 (cover-dated October 1956), published by Atlas Comics, the 1950s predecessor of Marvel.

Cover date
The cover date of a periodical publication is the date displayed on the cover, which is not necessarily the true date of publication (the on-sale date or release date); later cover dates are common in magazine and comic book publishing. More unusually, Le Monde is a daily newspaper published the afternoon before its cover date. For some publications, the cover date may not be found on the cover, but rather on an inside jacket or on an interior page.
Chalise
Chalise (pronounced: /cha.li.se/) (Nepali: चालिसे) is a Khas Hindu family name found in Nepal. Most people with this name are members of the Brahmin caste. According to legend, some priests of Bhattarai caste completed forty ('chalis' in Nepali) chapters of pujas without dropping a single drop of water from their palm. They were then honored with the title Chalise. The people belonged to Vasistha gotra which is one of the oldest and revered  Vedic rishis or sages,and one of the Saptarishis (seven great Rishis).

Saptarshi
The Saptarshi (Sanskrit: सप्तर्षि, lit. 'Seven sages' IAST: Saptarṣi) are the seven seers of ancient India who are extolled in the Vedas, and other Hindu literature such as the Skanda Purana. The Vedic Samhitas never enumerate these rishis by name, although later Vedic texts such as the Brahmanas and Upanisads do, so these constellations are easily recognizable.
Giralt
Giralt is a Spanish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Armando Giralt (1885–1948), Cuban-born Spanish footballer

Arnie David Giralt (born 1984), Cuban triple jumper

David Giralt (1959–2020), Cuban long jumper

Georges Giralt PhD Award, a European scientific prize for extraordinary contributions to robotics

Jaime Giralt (1902–1988), Spanish rower

Jordán Vallmajo Giralt (1894–1983), Spanish wrestler

José Giralt (1884–1960), Cuban-born Spanish footballer

Juan Jané Giralt (born 1953), Spanish water polo player

Marcos Giralt Torrente (born 1968), Spanish writer

Mario Giralt (1882–?), Cuban-born Spanish footballer

Ramón Power y Giralt (1775–1813), Spanish Navy officer and politician

David Giralt
David Erundino Giralt Agramonte (28 June 1959 – 13 April 2020) was a Cuban long jumper. His personal best jump was 8.22 metres, achieved in August 1979 in Montreal. He achieved that mark at the World Cup, and went on to represent Cuba at the 1980 Olympics in Moscow, Russia.
 He is the father of triple jumper Arnie David Giralt.
2002 Ordina Open – Women's doubles
Ruxandra Dragomir Ilie and Nadia Petrova were the defending champions, but did not compete this year.

Catherine Barclay and Martina Müller won the title, defeating Bianka Lamade and Magdalena Maleeva 6–4, 7–5 in the final.

Bianka Lamade
Bianka Lamade  (born 30 August 1982) is a former tennis player from Germany.

She turned professional in January 2000 at the age of 17. After just one year of playing on the tour, she had gone up to No. 127 in the world. As the world No. 534 in her main-draw debut, she upset world No. 26 Sabine Appelmans. In 2001, she won her first and only WTA Tour title at the Tashkent Open, where she defeated Seda Noorlander in the final. Her ranking rose to No. 59 with these results, which is her career-high ranking. She also reached two doubles finals, at 's-Hertogenbosch in 2002 and Luxembourg in 2001 with Magdalena Maleeva and Patty Schnyder.

She was a member of the German Fed Cup team in both 2001 and 2002. She played six matches in these ties, winning only one against Alicia Molik of Australia.
Fu Yiwei
Fu Yiwei (Chinese: 傅艺伟; born 26 May 1964) is a Chinese actress.

Fu is noted for her roles as Daji in the television series The Investiture of the Gods.

Fu has won the Best Actress at the 1st China Film Association, 1986 Xiaobaihua Award for Best Actress and Huading Award for Best Supporting Actress, she received Most Popular Actress Award nomination at the 19th Shanghai Television Festival.

Huading Awards
The Huading Awards are a set of entertainment awards in China. The awards were set up by Global Talents Media Group, Inc in 2007 and are held more than once each year across multiple entertainment media from Chinese television shows to international films and music.
Ezekiel Davys Wilson
Ezekiel Davys Wilson (1738 – January 1821) was an Irish politician.

Wilson was a Member of Parliament for Carrickfergus in the Irish House of Commons between 1785 and the passing of the Acts of Union 1800. He subsequently contested two elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom in the Carrickfergus constituency as an independent; in 1802 he was defeated by Lord Spencer Chichester (381 to 270 votes) and in 1812 he lost to Arthur Chichester (460 to 405 votes). He was mayor of Carrickfergus and High Sheriff of Carrickfergus for multiple terms between 1769 and 1820.

Irish House of Commons
The Irish House of Commons (Irish: Teach na gComóntach, Teach na dTeachtaí) was the lower house of the Parliament of Ireland that existed from 1297 until the end of 1800. The upper house was the House of Lords. The membership of the House of Commons was directly elected, but on a highly restrictive franchise, similar to the unreformed House of Commons in contemporary Great Britain. Catholics were disqualified from sitting in the Irish parliament from 1691, even though they comprised the vast majority of the Irish population.

The Irish executive, known as the Dublin Castle administration, under the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, was not answerable to the House of Commons but to the British government. However, the Chief Secretary for Ireland was usually a member of the Irish parliament. In the Commons, business was presided over by the Speaker.

From 1 January 1801, it ceased to exist and was succeeded by the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.
Edanville, Missouri
Edanville is an extinct town in northern Texas County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The GNIS classifies it as a populated place.

The site is on the west bank of the Big Piney River approximately three quarters of a mile south of the Texas-Pulaski county line.

A post office called Edanville was in operation from 1892 until 1926. The community most likely was so named on account of its eden-like setting.

Big Piney River
The Big Piney River is a 110-mile-long (180 km) tributary of the Gasconade River in Pulaski and Texas counties in Missouri, United States.  Via the Gasconade and Missouri rivers, it is part of the Mississippi River basin.
2012 Cotton Bowl Classic
The 2012 AT&T Cotton Bowl Classic, the 76th edition of the game, was a post-season American college football bowl game, held on January 6, 2012 at Cowboys Stadium in Arlington, Texas as part of the 2011–12 NCAA Bowl season.

The game, which was telecast at 7:00 p.m. CT on FOX, featured the Kansas State Wildcats from the Big XII Conference versus the Arkansas Razorbacks from the SEC Conference. Arkansas won the game 29–16, which was their first win over Kansas State since 1967.

This was only the second time in the BCS era that a non-BCS bowl had two teams with higher BCS rankings playing than teams in a BCS bowl (the first being the 2008 Poinsettia Bowl). The 2012 Sugar Bowl, and 2012 Orange Bowl had teams with lower BCS rankings squaring off.

2008 Poinsettia Bowl
The 2008 San Diego County Credit Union Poinsettia Bowl was the fourth edition of the college football bowl game, and was played at Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego, California.  The game started at 5 p.m. US PST on Tuesday, December 23, 2008. The game, simulcast on ESPN and ESPN Radio with Rece Davis, Mark May, and Lou Holtz announcing, pit the Boise State Broncos against the Texas Christian Horned Frogs. In the game, TCU overcame a 13–0 deficit to pull off an impressive 17–16 win over Boise State.

With Boise State ranked 9th and TCU ranked 11th, this bowl pairing featured teams both ranked higher than the teams playing in a BCS game during the same season, the 2009 Orange Bowl, which featured #12 Cincinnati against #21 Virginia Tech, a first in BCS history.

TCU and Boise State would face off in a bowl game again the following season when both played in a BCS game, the 2010 Fiesta Bowl.
Kate Sessions Memorial Park
Kate Sessions Memorial Park is a public park in San Diego, California, situated at the base of Mount Soledad. It hosts walking trails, picnic tables, barbecues, natural habitat, restrooms, a seasonal creek, a playground and dog friendly spaces. It provides panoramic views of the Pacific Ocean, Pacific Beach, Mission Bay, Mission Beach, Ocean Beach, downtown San Diego, and glimpses of San Diego Bay and Coronado.

The park is dedicated to Kate Sessions, a botanist, horticulturalist, and landscape architect who lived and worked in San Diego from 1884-1940. Sessions started as school teacher and worked in a flower shop before becoming one of San Diego's leading botanists and the "Mother of Balboa Park". Close to the park, there is a California Historical Landmark No. 764 (listed on April 28, 1961) at the corner of Garnet Avenue and Pico Street, where Sessions ran her plant nursery.

Landscape architect
A landscape architect is a person who is educated and trained in the field of landscape architecture.

According to the International Federation of Landscape Architects, which draws on International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO/08, 2162), the profession is defined as:

Landscape Architects plan, design and manage natural and built environments, applying aesthetic and scientific principles to address ecological sustainability, quality and health of landscapes, collective memory, heritage and culture, and territorial justice.

Other definitions emphasise the technical and regulatory aspects of practice. For example, landscape architecture may include site analysis and inventory, land and site planning, planting design, grading and earthworks, nature based solutions, stormwater management, sustainable design, engagement, construction specification, and ensuring compliance with building codes, planning policy, and environmental regulation.
Mesillat Yesharim
Mesillat Yesharim or Mesillas Yeshorim (Hebrew: מסילת ישרים, lit. 'Path [of the] Upright') is an ethical (musar) text composed by the influential Rabbi Moshe Chaim Luzzatto (1707–1746). It is different from Luzzato's other writings, which are more philosophical.

Mesillat Yesharim was written and published in Amsterdam. The earliest known manuscript version, written in 1738, was arranged as a dialogue between a hakham (wise man) and a hasid (pious person). Before publication, it was rearranged to have only one speaker. The dialogue version often sheds light on the more well-known version.

Mesillat Yesharim is probably Luzzato's most influential work, widely learned in virtually every yeshiva since formal study of musar texts was introduced to the yeshiva curriculum by the Musar movement of Rabbi Yisroel Salanter.

Hakham
Hakham (or Chakam(i), Haham(i), Hacham(i), Hach; Hebrew: חכם, romanized: ḥāḵām, lit. 'Wise') is a term in Judaism meaning a wise or skillful man; it often refers to someone who is a great Torah scholar. It can also refer to any cultured and learned person: "He who says a wise thing is called a Hakham, even if he be not a Jew." Hence, in Talmudic-Midrashic literature, wise gentiles are commonly called hakhmei ummot ha-'olam ("wise men of the nations of the world").
In Sephardic usage, hakham is a synonym for "rabbi".
Crichton (novel)
Crichton is an 1837 historical novel by the British writer William Harrison Ainsworth. It was published in three volumes by Richard Bentley. It is inspired by the life of the sixteenth century Scottish polymath James Crichton, known as the "Admirable Crichton". It was Ainsworth's follow-up to the 1834 bestselling novel Rookwood.

Three-volume novel
The three-volume novel (sometimes three-decker or triple decker) was a standard form of publishing for British fiction during the nineteenth century. It was a significant stage in the development of the modern novel as a form of popular literature in Western culture.
Roy C. Manchester
Roy C. Manchester (December 29, 1887 – October 10, 1975) was a Boy Scouts of America executive.  He was born in Mount Carroll, Illinois and his parents were Lovania and Dr. Charles Manchester.  He graduated from Findlay College in 1910 with an AB degree in physical education.  After graduation, he became the director of the Bowling Green (KY) YMCA where he organized an early Boy Scout troop.  He entered the Army Air Corps in 1917 and was stationed at Kelly Field in Texas.  In 1919 he became executive of the Paducah Council, which was renamed McCracken County (1920), Chief Paducah (1925), and Four Rivers (1940) during his tenure.  He remained a Scout executive for 34 years.  The dining hall at Camp Pakentuck was named "Manchester Lodge" in his honor, and in 1979, the Four Rivers Scout Camp was renamed Camp Roy C. Manchester in his honor.

Senior management
Senior management, executive management, or upper management is an occupation at the highest level of management of an organization, performed by individuals who have the day-to-day tasks of managing the organization, sometimes a company or a corporation.
Torwood
Torwood (Scottish Gaelic: Coille Tor) is a small village located 2 miles (3.2 km) north-northwest of Larbert, 4 miles (6.4 km) north-west of Falkirk and 6 miles (9.7 km) south-southeast of Stirling. Torwood lies within the Falkirk Council area of Scotland. The population recorded in the 2011 UK Census was 245.

The A9 road between Bannockburn and Camelon runs through the village. Torwood Has 5 streets: Provost Gardens, Stirling Road, Castle Crescent, Forrester Gait & Glen Road. Glen Road leads on to Torwood Castle, Quarry and Broch.

Bannockburn
Bannockburn (Scottish Gaelic: Allt a' Bhonnaich) is an area immediately south of the centre of Stirling in Scotland. It is part of the City of Stirling. It is named after the Bannock Burn, a stream running through the town before flowing into the River Forth.
Charter Act 1793
The East India Company Act 1793 (33 Geo. 3. c. 52), also known as the Charter Act 1793, was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain which renewed the Charter issued to the British East India Company (EIC). The veto which was originally given to Lord Cornwallis  was continued for all the Governors-General.
Bombay and Madras presidency were kept under superintendence of Fort William.

Parliament of Great Britain
The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in May 1707 following the ratification of the Acts of Union by both the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. The Acts ratified the treaty of Union which created a new unified Kingdom of Great Britain and created the parliament of Great Britain located in the former home of the English parliament in the Palace of Westminster, near the City of London. This lasted nearly a century, until the Acts of Union 1800 merged the separate British and Irish Parliaments into a single Parliament of the United Kingdom with effect from 1 January 1801.
IBM Lightweight Third-Party Authentication
Lightweight Third-Party Authentication (LTPA), is an authentication technology used in IBM WebSphere and Lotus Domino products. When accessing web servers that use the LTPA technology it is possible for a web user to re-use their login across physical servers.

A Lotus Domino server or an IBM WebSphere server that is configured to use the LTPA authentication will challenge the web user for a name and password. When the user has been authenticated, their browser will have received a session cookie - a cookie that is only available for one browsing session. This cookie contains the LTPA token.

If the user – after having received the LTPA token – accesses a server that is a member of the same authentication realm as the first server, and if the browsing session has not been terminated (the browser was not closed down), then the user is automatically authenticated and will not be challenged for a name and password. Such an environment is also called a single sign-on environment.

User (computing)
A user is a person who uses a computer or network service. A user typically has a user account and is recognized by the system through a username. Some software products provide services to other systems and have no direct end users.
Battle of Hazir
The Battle of Hazir or Ma'arakah al-Haadhir (Arabic: معركة الحاضر) took place between the Byzantine army and the Rashidun army's elite cavalry, the Mobile guard. It took place in June 637, three miles east of Qinnasrin at Al-Hadher in present-day Syria.

Al-Hadher, Syria
Al-Hadher (Arabic: الحاضر; transliteration: al-Ḥāḍir) is a village in northern Syria, administratively part of the Mount Simeon District of the Aleppo Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Hadher had a population of 8,550 in the 2004 census.

It is 4 kilometers east of the ancient town of Qinnasrin (Chalcis ad Belum). It was founded by the Arab tribe of Tanukh as a ḥāḍir (a settlement of sedentarized Bedouin) in the 4th century under Byzantine rule. Al-Hadher served as the headquarters of Jund Qinnasrin, (military district of Qinnasrin).
HSwMS Loke (1869)
HSwMS Loke was the fourth, and last, ship of the John Ericsson-class monitors built for the Royal Swedish Navy in the late-1860s. Completed in 1871 she only made seven short cruises before she was permanently placed in reserve in late 1880. Funds were requested to reconstruct her in line with the other monitors, but were denied. She was listed for sale in 1908, but nothing is known of her fate.

Swedish Navy
The Swedish Navy (Swedish: Svenska marinen) is the maritime service branch of the Swedish Armed Forces. It is composed of surface and submarine naval units – the Fleet (Flottan), formally sometimes referred to as the Royal Navy (Kungliga Flottan) – as well as marine units, the Amphibious Corps (Amfibiekåren).

Founded under King Gustav Vasa in 1522, the Swedish navy is one of the oldest continuously serving navies in the world, celebrating its 500th anniversary in 2022.
Nickajack
The area known as "Nickajack" generally refers to the rugged Appalachian foothills in East Tennessee and northeastern Alabama. "Nickajack" is a corruption of the Cherokee word ᎠᏂ ᎫᏌᏘ Ᏹ (Ani-Kusati-yi), which translates to Coosa Town. But it more likely references Koasati Town.

Coosa chiefdom
The Coosa Chiefdom was a powerful Native American paramount chiefdom in what are now Gordon and Murray counties in Georgia, in the United States. It was inhabited from about 1400 until about 1600, and dominated several smaller chiefdoms. The total population of Coosa's area of influence, reaching into present-day Tennessee and Alabama, has been estimated at 50,000.

Hernando de Soto and his conquistadors visited Coosa on their expedition through the Southeast United States in 1539–1541, as did participants in Tristán de Luna's expedition in 1560, and Juan Pardo's 1566–1568 expedition. The Europeans recorded descriptions and impressions of the various chiefdoms they visited, describing Coosa as a series of communities and fertile gardens containing much food, rather than a town or city.

Coosa was also the name of one of the four mother towns of the Muscogee Creek confederacy.
The Arrival (EP)
The Arrival is the debut EP by the Australian hip-hop trio Bliss n Eso, released under the group's original name Bliss n Esoterikizm.  Bliss n Esoterikizm proved to be too much of a mouthful for most people so it was shortened.

The EP was produced by DJ Tokoloshe and features Nick Toth (scratches/turntablism) on "Next Shit" and MC Layla (vocals) on "Dreams".

MC Layla
Layla Rose Hanbury (born 5 October 1982), known mononymously as Layla, is an Australian hip hop singer-songwriter and MC from Perth. In January 2005 she released her debut solo album, Heretik, on Obese Records. She is a member of Syllabolix (SBX) Crew, with other MCs including her husband, Dazastah (aka Darren Reutens). The couple also perform as Layla and Dazastah. During September and October 2011 the duo were a support act for another SBX artist, Drapht, on his Australia-wide Party Party Party Tour.
Donny Morelock
Donny Morelock (born August 29, 1962) is an American former professional stock car racing driver who has competed in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series and the ARCA Re/Max Series.

Morelock has also previously competed in the NASCAR Southeast Series.

NASCAR AutoZone Elite Division, Southeast Series
The NASCAR AutoZone Elite Division, Southeast Series was a NASCAR-sanctioned amateur/semi-pro late model stock car racing series based in the Southeastern United States. The series was formerly known as the Slim Jim All Pro Series; it was founded in 1991 as the result of a merger between the All PRO Super Series and the NASCAR All-American Challenge Series The drivers who have graduated from this series include Shawna Robinson, Rick Crawford, Robert Huffman, Jason Keller, and David Reutimann. NASCAR terminated the series, along with other AutoZone Elite Division series, following the 2006 season.