hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Coniothyrium fuckelii
Coniothyrium fuckelii is a fungal plant pathogen, causing stem canker, and that has also been known to cause infections in immunocompromised humans.

Two diseases most commonly associated with garden rose dieback are grey mould (Botrytis cinerea) and also rose canker (Coniothyrium fuckelii, syn. Paraconiothyrium fuckelii and Leptosphaeria coniothyrium). The fungal infection of rose canker often occurs through badly timed pruning cuts or injuries to the crown of the rose plant. It then produces tiny black fruiting bodies that are only just visible on the bark of affected branches or stems. This fungus also causes cane blight disease of raspberry bushes.

Raspberry
The raspberry is the edible fruit of several plant species in the genus Rubus of the rose family, most of which are in the subgenus Idaeobatus. The name also applies to these plants themselves. Raspberries are perennial with woody stems.

World production of raspberries in 2023 was 940,979 tonnes, led by Russia with 23% of the total. Raspberries are cultivated across northern Europe and North America and are consumed in various ways, including as whole fruit and in preserves, cakes, pastries, ice cream, and liqueurs.
Hasan Turan (Turkish politician)
Hasan Turan (born 1967, Bulancak) is a Turkish politician.

Hasan Turan graduated from Anadolu University Faculty of Management, and completed his master's degree in Beykent University Department of Administration-Organization and Gebze Technical University Faculty of Management. He engaged in commercial activities in the field of advertising and organisation. He took office as Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality Parliament member and the chairperson of Federation of Non-Governmental Organizations in Giresun. He has been a member of the 26th and 27th Parliament of Turkey, representing Istanbul. He knows English, is married and has two children.

Istanbul Beykent University
Istanbul Beykent University (Turkish: İstanbul Beykent Üniversitesi) is a private non-profit university in Istanbul, Turkey, offering instruction in English and Turkish, with approximately 30,000 students.

Beykent University participates in the Erasmus Programme and has agreements with several European universities for student exchange between Turkey and European institutions. The university is a member of the Caucasus University Association.
Kolkata Leather Complex
The Kolkata Leather Complex is an industrial complex at Karaidanga, Bantala near East Kolkata, India. It is located 20 km from the central business district of Kolkata and has an area of about 4.5 square kilometres. It was conceived following a Supreme Court directive to relocate polluting tanneries and now encompasses approximately 500 individual units, handling 22 to 25 percent of India’s tanning output. The complex features dedicated infrastructure including a Common Effluent Treatment Plant, pumping stations, and utilities for consolidated waste management and environmental compliance.

East Kolkata
East Kolkata refers to the eastern areas of the city of Kolkata, India. It includes the localities of Metropolitan Township, Beliaghata, Dhapa, Tangra, Bantala, Topsia, Tiljala, VIP Nagar, Anandapur, Kalikapur, Mukundapur, Ajoy Nagar, Panchasayar and certain parts of Garia like Baishnabghata-Patuli Township, Chak Garia, Nayabad and New Garia. The northern part of East Kolkata is dominated by the townships of Salt Lake and New Town. The region is characterized by well planned (regular) residential blocks and houses many of the attractions of the city.
Coney Island (1991 film)
Coney Island is a 1991 documentary film that traces the history of Coney Island, the westernmost part of the barrier islands of Long Island, New York. The film covers the island's 1609 discovery by Henry Hudson, its 1870s incarnation as a respectable beach destination for city-dwellers and a showcase of the new developments ushered in by the machine age, the early 20th century, when amusement parks and innovative attractions attracted hundreds of thousands of people each day, and the gradual demise of the amusements.

The film is narrated by Philip Bosco.  It premiered at the Sundance Film Festival and was broadcast nationally on PBS as part of the American Experience program in February 1991.

On-camera appearances include Al Lewis, Vincent Gardenia, Eli Wallach, Elliot Willensky, Frederick Fried and Mae Timpano. Voice-over actors include Judd Hirsch, Nathan Lane,  John Mahoney,  Jerry Orbach, George Plimpton, Lois Smith, Frances Sternhagen and Andrei Codrescu.

Al Lewis
Al Lewis (born Abraham Meister; April 30, 1923 – February 3, 2006) was an American actor and activist, best known for his role as Grandpa on the television series The Munsters from 1964 to 1966 and its film versions. He previously also co-starred with The Munsters' Fred Gwynne in the television show Car 54, Where Are You?  from 1961–1963. Later in life, he was a restaurant owner, political candidate, and radio broadcaster.
Riverdale, Mississippi
Riverdale is an unincorporated community located in Grenada County, Mississippi and part of the Grenada Micropolitan Statistical Area . Riverdale is located within the city limits of Grenada along U.S. Route 51 and Interstate 55.

Interstate 55 in Mississippi
Interstate 55 (I-55) is a major north–south Interstate Highway that serves the middle of the United States. It runs 963.5 miles (1,550.6 km) from I-10 in Laplace, Louisiana—about 25 miles (40 km) west of New Orleans—to U.S. Highway 41 (US 41) in Chicago, Illinois. In Mississippi, it runs for about 290.41 miles (467.37 km), entering the state at the Louisiana state line near Osyka and leaving at the Tennessee state line near Southaven, just south of Memphis.
Susan Wojcicki
Susan Diane Wojcicki (/wuːˈtʃɪtski/ woo-CHITS-kee; July 5, 1968 – August 9, 2024) was an American business executive who was the chief executive officer of YouTube from 2014 to 2023. Her net worth was estimated at $765 million in 2022.

Wojcicki worked in the technology industry for over twenty years. She became involved in the creation of Google in 1998 when she rented out her garage as an office to the company's founders. She worked as Google's first marketing manager in 1999, leading the company's online advertising business and original video service. After observing the success of YouTube, she suggested that Google should buy it; the deal was approved for $1.65 billion in 2006. She was appointed CEO of YouTube in 2014, serving until resigning in February 2023.

Marketing management
Marketing management is the strategic organizational discipline that focuses on the practical application of marketing orientation, techniques and methods inside enterprises and organizations and on the management of marketing resources and activities.
Compare marketology,
which Aghazadeh defines in terms of "recognizing, generating and disseminating market insight to ensure better market-related decisions".
Richard Gasquet career statistics
This page is a list of the main career statistics of French tennis player, Richard Gasquet. To date, he has won 16 ATP singles titles. He was also the runner-up at the 2005 Hamburg Masters and Canada Masters in 2006 and 2012, a semifinalist at the 2007 and 2015 Wimbledon Championships and 2013 US Open and a bronze medallist in men's doubles with Julien Benneteau at the 2012 London Olympics. On 9 July 2007, Gasquet achieved a career high singles ranking of world No. 7.

Richard Gasquet
Richard Gabriel Cyr Gasquet (French: [ʁiʃaʁ ɡaskɛ]; born 18 June 1986) is a French former professional tennis player. He was ranked as high as world No. 7 in men's singles by the ATP, attained in July 2007. Gasquet won 16 singles titles on the ATP Tour, and earned over 600 career match wins. His best performances in major singles tournaments were three semifinal appearances, two at the Wimbledon Championships (in 2007 and 2015) and one at the US Open (in 2013). His best performance in ATP Masters 1000 tournaments tournaments was runner-up finishes in Hamburg in 2005 and Toronto in 2006 and 2012. Gasquet won the mixed doubles title at the 2004 French Open, partnering Tatiana Golovin, and an Olympic bronze medal in men's doubles at the 2012 London Olympics, partnering Julien Benneteau. Gasquet was best known for his elegant groundstrokes and his one-handed backhand.
La Matanza de Acentejo
La Matanza de Acentejo is a town near the north coast of Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. It is located 10 km east of Puerto de la Cruz, and about 20 km west of the island's capital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife. Its name means "the Slaughter of Acentejo" in Spanish, and refers to the 1494 First Battle of Acentejo, lost by the Spanish.

The population is 8,944 (2013) and the area is 14.11 km2. The elevation is 425 m. The TF-5 motorway passes through the municipality. The municipality contains the following settlements:

La Matanza de Acentejo

Guia

Las Breñas

El Caleton

Acentejo

San Antonio

San Cristobal

Autopista TF-5
Autopista TF-5 is a motorway in the Canary Islands, in the north of Tenerife, running from Santa Cruz de Tenerife to Puerto de la Cruz. Most of the motorway is a Controlled-access highway or expressway, with some single carriageway remaining west of Puerto de la Cruz.

TF-5 begins in Santa Cruz de Tenerife with westbound traffic merging off from Av Tres de Mayo and ends with the motorway splitting between TF42 Motorway and TF82 Motorway in Puerto de la Cruz.

At present, it is the motorway that supports the highest traffic density in the Canary Islands, with stretches in which around 100,000 cars per day circulate.
National Alliance (Egypt)
The National Alliance  was an electoral alliance in Egypt that was established by former Egyptian prime minister Kamal Ganzouri ahead of the 2015 Egyptian parliamentary election; Ganzouri withdrew from the race in February 2015. The list was superseded by two electoral lists: For the Love of Egypt  and Egypt.

Independent Current Coalition
The Independent Current Coalition (Arabic: تيار الاستقلال, romanized: Tayyar al-Istiqlal) is an alliance of political parties contesting the 2014 Egyptian parliamentary election in a joint list with the Egyptian Front, called Egypt.
2025–26 Sabah F.C. season
The 2025–26 season is Sabah's tenth competitive season in the highest tier of Malaysian football since the foundation of Malaysia Super League in 2004, and the club's sixth consecutive in the Malaysia Super League.

Malaysia Super League
The Malaysia Super League (Malay: Liga Super Malaysia), known simply as the Super League (Malay: Liga Super), is the men's top professional football division of the Malaysian football league system. Administered by the Football Malaysia Limited Liability Partnership (FMLLP), now known as the Malaysian Football League (MFL), the Malaysia Super League is contested by 13 clubs. Until 2022, it operated on a system of promotion and relegation with the Malaysia Premier League, with the two lowest-placed teams relegated and replaced by the promoted top two teams in that division. It has replaced the former top-tier league, Liga Perdana 1, which ran from 1998 to 2003.

37 clubs have competed since the inception of the Malaysia Super League in 2004, with eight winning the title (Selangor, Kedah Darul Aman, Kelantan, Sri Pahang, Perlis, Negeri Sembilan, LionsXII and Johor Darul Ta'zim). The current champions are Johor Darul Ta'zim, which won their eleventh title in the 2024–25 edition.
Neligan
Neligan is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Neligan (1899–1983), "The Spy in the Castle"

David M Neligan (1935–2025), Irish diplomat

Dorinda Neligan (1833–1914), Irish-born English headmistress and suffragette

Gwendoline Neligan (1905–1972), British fencer

Moore Richard Neligan (1863–1922), Anglican Bishop

Maurice Neligan (1937–2010), Irish heart surgeon, activist, newspaper columnist and media commentator

Maurice Wilder-Neligan (1886–1923), born Maurice Neligan, British-born Australian soldier

Moore Neligan
Moore Richard Neligan (6 January 1863 – 22 November 1922) was the Anglican Bishop of Auckland during the first decade of the 20th century.

Neligan was born in Dublin, the son of Rev. Maurice Neligan, a prominent Irish-Evangelical clergyman who was canon of Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin. He was educated at Reading School and Trinity College, Dublin, from which he graduated in 1884. He was ordained deacon and priest in 1886 and 1887 by the Archbishop of York, after embarking on an ecclesiastical career with a curacy at Sculcoates, Hull. He was briefly Vicar at East Dereham, before he became curate of Christ church, Lancaster Gate in 1890. Four years later he transferred to St. Stephen, Westbourne-park, in Paddington. He was nominated to the colonial episcopate in Auckland in November 1902, and took up the position in 1903. Ill health prompted his return from New Zealand in 1910, and he served the remainder of his career as Rector of Ford, Northumberland.
Bhagsu
Bhagsu/Bhaksu (also known as Bhagsunag or Bhagsunath) is a village near McLeod Ganj in Dharamshala, in the Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh, India. The village is the site of Bhagsunag waterfall and the ancient Bhagsunag Temple.

In the early 18th century, the Gorkhas came to Bhagsu with the British to settle, and they formed the 1st Gorkha Rifles in 1815. Bhagsu is named after the Bhagsunag temple  currently in McLeod Ganj station.

Gurkha
The Gurkhas or Gorkhas (/ˈɡɜːrkə, ˈɡʊər-/), with the endonym Gorkhali (Nepali: गोर्खाली [ɡoɾkʰaːliː]), are soldiers native to South Asia, chiefly residing within Nepal and some parts of North India.

The Gurkha units consist of Nepali and (in India) Indian Gorkha, Nepali-speaking Indian people. They are recruited for the Nepali Army (96,000), the Indian Army (42,000), the British Army (4,010), the Gurkha Contingent of the Singapore Police Force, the Gurkha Reserve Unit of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces, and UN peacekeeping forces in war zones around the world. Ordinary citizens of the two demographic groups become a Gurkha by applying for, and passing, the selection and training process.

Gurkhas are closely associated with the khukuri, a forward-curving knife, and have a reputation for fearless military prowess. Former Indian Army Chief of Staff Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw once stated that:

"If a man says he is not afraid of dying, he is either lying or he is a Gurkha."
Hypostomus latirostris
Hypostomus latirostris is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Paraguay River basin in Brazil and Paraguay. The species reaches 26 cm (10.2 inches) in total length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather. While initially described by Charles Tate Regan in 1904, it was redescribed in 2018 by Cláudio Henrique Zawadzki, Hugmar Pains da Silva, and Waldo Pinheiro Troy alongside the description of the species Hypostomus renestoi.

Charles Tate Regan
Charles Tate Regan (1 February 1878 – 12 January 1943) was a British ichthyologist, working mainly around the beginning of the 20th century. He did extensive work on fish classification schemes.

Born in Sherborne, Dorset, he was educated at Derby School and Queens' College, Cambridge and in 1901 joined the staff of the Natural History Museum, where he became Keeper of Zoology, and later director of the entire museum, in which role he served from 1927 to 1938.

Regan was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1917.

Regan mentored a number of scientists, among them Ethelwynn Trewavas, who continued his work at the British Natural History Museum.
Gerhard Böwering
Gerhard Böwering is a German academic, currently Professor of Islamic Studies within the Department of Religious Studies, Yale University. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1994. He was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 2005 following his "formative influence of al-Sulami's commentary on the Qur'an."

Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān
The Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān (abbreviated EQ) is an encyclopedia in the field of Quranic studies, edited by Jane Dammen McAuliffe and published by Brill.

It was published in five volumes during 2001-2006:

Vol. I: A-D (publication year 2001)

Vol. II: E-I (2002)

Vol. III: J-O (2003)

Vol. IV: P-Sh (2004)

Vol. V: Si-Z (2006)

Index Vol. (2006)
Albert R. Savage
Albert Russell Savage (December 8, 1847 – June 14, 1917) was an American attorney and politician from Maine. Representing Auburn, Maine, he served in the Maine House of Representatives from 1891 to 1897. In 1893–94, Savage was elected Speaker of the House. In 1897, he resigned from office and was appointed Justice of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court, where he served from May 15, 1897, until his death on June 14, 1917.

Born in Ryegate, Vermont, Savage graduated from Dartmouth College in 1871, and read law to be admitted to the bar in April 1875. He was the Speaker of the Maine House of Representatives in 1893. Appointed Associate Justice on May 15, 1897, he became chief justice on April 9, 1913, and served in that capacity until his death, in Auburn.

Reading law
Reading law was the primary method used in common law countries, particularly the United States, for people to prepare for and enter the legal profession before the advent of law schools. In Commonwealth countries, becoming an articled clerk was a similar practice.

It consisted of an extended internship or apprenticeship under the tutelage or mentoring of an experienced lawyer. The practice largely died out in the early 20th century. A few U.S. states, namely California, Maine, New York, Vermont, Virginia and Washington, still permit people to become lawyers by reading law instead of attending some or all of law school, although the practice is uncommon.

In this sense, "reading law" specifically refers to a means of entering the profession, although in England it is still customary to say that a university undergraduate is "reading" a course, which may be law or any other.
Trayvon Mullen
Trayvon Sentell Mullen Jr. (born September 20, 1997) is an American professional football cornerback. Mullen was a highly recruited cornerback coming out of high school and was rated by ESPN as the number two cornerback in his class. He played college football for the Clemson Tigers.

2019 NFL draft
The 2019 NFL draft was the 84th annual meeting of National Football League (NFL) franchises to select newly eligible players for the 2019 NFL season. The draft was held on April 25–27 in Nashville. The first round was held on April 25, followed by the second and third rounds on April 26, and the draft concluded with rounds 4–7 on April 27. The draft featured a record-high 40 trades, surpassing the 37 which were made in 2017.
Michael Verelst
Michael Verelst (born c. 1675, probably in Venice) was the fourth surviving child of Herman Verelst and Cecilia Fend, originally from Venice.   Herman was an established portrait painter in Amsterdam but, with the collapse of the art market in the Low Countries in the late 1660s onwards, moved his family through Europe, starting in Venice and, in 1683, escaping the siege of Vienna to flee to London.  Michael was born in Venice.: p. 5  Michael presumably was Herman's pupil.

A licence was issued for the marriage of Michael Verelst and Sarah Laverne on 5 April 1697 but there is no evidence that marriage was conducted.: p. 146  Michael Verelst married Mary Bennett of Queniborough, Leicestershire in 1699 or early 1700.  They lived in Nottingham having seven children of whom only one lived to adulthood.

Michael Verelst's wife, Mary, probably died in 1740.  He was buried at St Margaret's, King’s Lynn on 30 June 1752.

Queniborough
Queniborough is an English village in the county of Leicestershire 2.5 miles (4 km) north-east of the town of Syston and of 7.5 miles (12 km) north-east of the city of Leicester. Its 972 properties housed 1,878 registered electors in 2003. The population increased to 2,326 at the 2011 census. It forms part of the Leicester Urban Area due to its proximity. The parish church of St Mary's has, according to the architectural historian Nikolaus Pevsner, "one of the finest spires in the whole of Leicestershire".
Orakzai District
Orakzai District (Pashto: اورکزي ولسوالۍ, Urdu: ضلع اورکزئی) is a district of Kohat Division in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Before 1973, it was part of the Frontier Region of Kohat. Up until 2018, it was an agency within the erstwhile Federally Administered Tribal Areas. However, with the merger of the FATA with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, it attained the status of a district.

Districts of Pakistan
The districts of Pakistan (Urdu: اِضلاعِ پاكِستان) are the third-level administrative divisions of Pakistan, below provinces and divisions, but forming the first-tier of local government. In total, there are 145 districts in Pakistan. excluding Islamabad Capital Territory. These districts are further divided into tehsils and union councils.
M. P. Sarathy
M. P. Sarathy was an Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly from Vellore constituency as an Independent candidate in 1957 election and as a Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate in 1967, and 1971 elections.

1957 Madras State Legislative Assembly election
The second legislative assembly election to the Madras state (presently Tamil Nadu) was held on 31 March 1957. This was the first election held after the linguistic reorganisation of Madras State in 1956. Indian National Congress and its leader, K. Kamaraj won the election and defeated their rival, Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam. In 1954, due to the resignation of C. Rajagopalachari, for his controversial Kula Kalvi Thittam, the leadership of Congress was contested between K. Kamaraj, and C. Subramaniam (who got the support of M. Bhaktavatsalam). Eventually, K. Kamaraj, won the support of the party, was elected leader and chief minister of Madras State in 1954.  In a surprise move, he appointed both M. Bhaktavatsalam and C. Subramaniam, to his cabinet, allowing great unity amongst the Congress that ruled the state of Madras, for the next decade. This election saw future DMK leaders M. Karunanidhi and K. Anbazhagan win their first MLA seats in the legislative assembly.
Alexander Gorodnitsky
Alexander Moiseevich Gorodnitsky (born March 20, 1933) is a Soviet and Russian bard and poet.

He is the author of over 60 books, poems, songs, and other literary works. His song "Atlantes Hold the Heavens" is the official anthem of the Hermitage Museum and considered as unofficial anthem of Saint Petersburg.

Professionally, he is a geologist and oceanographer. Gorodnitsky is an author of over 250 scientific publications on geophysics and tectonics of ocean bottom.

Asteroid No. 5988 and a pass in the Sayan Mountains were named after Alexander Gorodnitsky.

Research institute
A research institute, research centre, or research organization is an establishment founded for doing research. Research institutes may specialize in basic research or may be oriented to applied research. Although the term often implies natural science research, there are also many research institutes in the social science as well, especially for sociological and historical research purposes.