hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Skala, Cephalonia
Skala (Greek: Σκάλα) is a village located in the municipal unit of Eleios-Pronnoi, some 39 km south from the island's main town of Argostoli and 14 km SW of Poros, in the south of Cephalonia, one of the Ionian Islands of Greece.

During the summer, Skala becomes a popular holiday destination.

Cephalonia
Kefalonia or Cephalonia (Greek: Κεφαλονιά [kefaloˈɲa]), formerly also known as Kefallinia or Kephallenia (Κεφαλληνία), is the largest of the Ionian Islands in western Greece and the 6th-largest island in Greece after Crete, Euboea, Lesbos, Rhodes and Chios. It is also a separate regional unit of the Ionian Islands region. It was a former Latin Catholic diocese Kefalonia–Zakynthos (Cefalonia–Zante) and short-lived titular see as just Kefalonia. The largest cities of Cephalonia are Argostoli and Lixouri.
Batoning
Batoning is the technique of cutting or splitting wood by using a baton-sized stick or mallet to repeatedly strike the spine of a sturdy knife, chisel or blade in order to drive it through wood, similar to how a froe is used. The batoning method can be used to make kindling or desired forms such as boards, slats or notches. The practice is most useful for obtaining dry wood from the inside of logs for the purpose of fire making.

Froe
A froe (or frow), shake axe or paling knife is a tool for cleaving wood by splitting it along the grain.  It is an L-shaped tool, used by hammering one edge of its blade into the end of a piece of wood in the direction of the grain, then twisting the blade in the wood by rotating the haft (handle).

A froe uses the haft as a lever to multiply the force upon the blade, allowing wood to be torn apart with remarkably little force applied to the haft.  By twisting one way or the other the direction of the split may be guided.
2005 European Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 1st Individual European Artistic Gymnastics Championships (European Men's and Women's Artistic Gymnastics Individual Championships) were held in Debrecen, Hungary, on 2 June to 5 June 2005. It included both men's and women's events.

European Men's Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The European Men's Artistic Gymnastics Championships are an annual series of artistic gymnastics championships for male gymnasts from European countries organised by the European Union of Gymnastics. They take place in two biennial formats; in even years they take place in tandem with a junior men's competition, and historically have included a team event, but not an individual all-around. In odd years, they are held in tandem with the European Women's Artistic Gymnastics Championships, and include a team competition. These events are sometimes called the European Individual Artistic Gymnastics Championships. Despite the alternating formats, all winners are considered European champions with one  medal table.

The event is not to be confused with the gymnastics program of the European Games, whose champions are crowned as European Games champions, but not European champions.
Charles Gifford (Canadian politician)
Charles Gifford (February 24, 1821 – 20 April 1896) was an Ontario political figure. He represented Northumberland West in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Conservative member from 1872 to 1874.

Gifford was born in Exmouth, Devon, England in 1821. He was educated at Mount Radford School in Exeter, University College School in London and the University of London. He studied law and was called to the English bar in 1846. He served as captain in the local militia, later becoming colonel. He was elected to the provincial legislature in a by-election called in 1872 after the resignation of Alexander Fraser, the sitting member. He was defeated in the general election held in 1875. That same year, Gifford sponsored the building of a sailing ship built in Cobourg, the Countess of Dufferin, that raced in the America's Cup in 1876.

He died at Hamilton Township, Northumberland in 1896.

Exmouth
Exmouth /ˈɛksməθ/ is a port town, civil parish, and seaside resort located on the east bank at the mouth of the River Exe, approximately 11 miles (18 km) southeast of Exeter, in the county of Devon, England.

According to the 2021 Census, Exmouth has a population of 35,488, making it the fifth largest settlement in Devon by population.

Historically known as a popular seaside resort, Exmouth is noted for its long sandy beaches, marina, and watersports opportunities, attracting visitors in good weather. It also serves as a commuter town for nearby Exeter.
Terra nullius
Terra nullius (/ˈtɛrə ˈnʌliəs/, plural terrae nullius) is a Latin expression meaning "nobody's land". Since the nineteenth century, it has occasionally been used in international law as a principle to justify claims that territory may be acquired by a state's occupation of it. There are currently three territories sometimes claimed to be terra nullius: Bir Tawil (a strip of land between Egypt and Sudan), four pockets of land near the Danube due to the Croatia–Serbia border dispute, and parts of Antarctica, principally Marie Byrd Land.

Acquisition of sovereignty
A number of methods of acquisition of sovereignty are or have been recognised by international law as lawful methods by which a state may acquire sovereignty over territory. International law adopts much of Roman property law in regards to acquisition of sovereignty due to the underlying European civil law at the time of early discovery voyages such as Christopher Columbus. The basis of acquisition of states ownership of vacant territory therefore continues to apply, (and was often applied historically to land already possessed by indigenous populations).
Youth incarceration in the United States
The United States incarcerates more of its youth than any other country in the world, through the juvenile courts and the adult criminal justice system, which reflects the larger trends in incarceration practices in the United States. In 2010, approximately 70,800 juveniles were incarcerated in youth detention facilities alone. As of 2006, approximately 500,000 youth were brought to detention centers in a given year. This data does not reflect juveniles tried as adults. As of 2013, around 40% were incarcerated in privatized, for-profit facilities.

Louisiana State Legislature
The Louisiana State Legislature (French: Législature de l'État de Louisiane; Spanish: Legislatura del Estado de Luisiana) is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Louisiana. It is a bicameral body, comprising the lower house, the Louisiana House of Representatives with 105 representatives, and the upper house, the Louisiana State Senate with 39 senators. Members of each house are elected from single-member districts of roughly equal populations.

The Louisiana State Legislature meets in the Louisiana State Capitol in Baton Rouge. In March 2023, Republicans gained a supermajority of the Louisiana legislature for a first in the history of Louisiana.
Sakura (Lead song)
"Sakura" (サクラ) is the twenty-third single by the Japanese hip-hop group Lead, released five months after their previous single "Green Days/Strings", on February 26, 2014. The single performed well on the Oricon chart, taking the number 3 slot for the weekly ranking, remaining on the charts for two weeks.

The single was released as a standard CD edition, along with three limited edition, two of which were CD+DVD combos, each carrying different content. While every edition contained the B-side "With U", each edition harbored a bonus track. The CD+DVD editions not only contained differing content on the CD portions, but also harbored different content on the DVDs.

Behind-the-scenes
In filmmaking, behind-the-scenes (BTS), also known as the making-of, the set, or  on the set, is a documentary film that features the production of a film or television program. This is often referred to as the EPK (electronic press kit) video, due to its main usage as a promotional tool, either concurrent with theatrical release or as a bonus feature for the film's DVD or Blu-ray release.
Arnold Anthony
Arnold Anthony (28 July 1886 – 14 October 1968) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played 52 first-class matches for Auckland and Canterbury between 1905 and 1931.

Anthony was a middle-order batsman, strong on the pull and the square cut, an accurate slow bowler, and a brilliant fieldsman. He was the first winner of the Redpath Cup, awarded since 1920–21 to the best New Zealand batsman of the first-class season. He scored 251 runs in the Plunket Shield in 1920–21 at an average of 62.75, including 55 not out and 113 in Auckland's 382-run victory over Canterbury. He made his highest first-class score of 116 against Canterbury in 1929–30, when he was 43. He took his best bowling figures of 6 for 43 against the touring MCC in 1922–23. He played senior club cricket for Parnell in Auckland until November 1937, when he was 51.

He and his wife Clara married in December 1915. He later served overseas with the New Zealand Expeditionary Force in World War I.

Auckland cricket team
The Auckland cricket team represent the Auckland region and are one of six New Zealand domestic first class cricket teams. Governed by the Auckland Cricket Association they are the most successful team having won 28 Plunket Shield titles, ten wins in The Ford Trophy and the Super Smash four times. The team currently play their home games at Eden Park Outer Oval.

The limited overs team, known as the Auckland Aces, have a predominantly light blue kit with a navy and white trim. Their One Day Championship shirt sponsors are Ford whilst their major T20 sponsor is Mondiale.

They won the Men's Super Smash competition in the 2015–16 season, their 4th domestic Twenty20 title overall, making them become the most successful team in New Zealand.
Desserobdella picta
Desserobdella picta is a species of leech widespread across North America in freshwater habitats. They are members of the phylum Annelida, or "segmented worms". Leeches are ectoparasites that can parasitize a wide range of vertebrates, with some species even specializing in specific hosts.

Desserobdella picta most commonly found feeds on the blood of amphibians like frogs and salamanders, but have also been recorded feeding on turtles. They can be commonly characterized by their distinct markings and the small papillae on their backs.

Rhynchobdellida
Rhynchobdellida (from the Greek rhynchos, mouth, and bdellein, sucking), the jawless leeches or freshwater leeches, are an order of aquatic leeches. Despite the common name "freshwater leeches", species are found in both sea and fresh water. They are defined by the presence of a protrusible proboscis instead of jaws, and having colourless blood. They move by "inchworming" and are found worldwide. The order contains 110 species, divided into 41 genera and three families. Members of the order range widely in length, usually between 7 and 40 mm. They are hermaphrodite. The order is not monophyletic.
Støren Municipality
Størenⓘ is a former municipality in the old Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. The 264-square-kilometre (102 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1964. The municipality was located in the north-central part of what is now Midtre Gauldal Municipality in Trøndelag county. The administrative center was the village of Støren where Støren Church is located.

Prior to its dissolution in 1964, the 264-square-kilometre (102 sq mi) municipality was the 308th largest by area out of the 689 municipalities in Norway. Støren Municipality was the 388th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 2,320. The municipality's population density was 8.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (23/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 2.3% over the previous 10-year period.

Prestegjeld
A prestegjeld was a geographic and administrative area within the Church of Norway (Den Norske Kirke) roughly equivalent to a parish. This traditional designation was in use for centuries to divide the kingdom into ecclesiastical areas that were led by a parish priest. Prestegjelds began in the 1400s and were officially discontinued in 2012.
Jawad Tabrizi
Grand Ayatollah Sheikh Mirza Jawad Kubar Tabrizi (Persian: جواد كبار تبريزى; 1926 – November 20, 2006) was an Iranian Shia marja'.

Tabrizi was another prominent student of the late grand Ayatollah Sayyid Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei, and one of the leading religious authorities that came to light after the death of al-Khoei.

Biographical evaluation
Biographical evaluation (Arabic: عِلْمُ الرِّجال, romanized: ʿilm ar-rijāl; literally meaning 'Knowledge of Men', but more commonly understood as the Science of Narrators) refers to a discipline of Islamic religious studies within hadith terminology in which the narrators of hadith are evaluated. Its goal is to establish the credibility of the narrators, using both historic and religious knowledge, in order to distinguish authentic and reliable hadiths from unreliable hadiths. ʿIlm ar-rijāl is synonymous with what is commonly referred to as al-jarḥ wa al-taʿdīl (discrediting and accrediting) – the criticism and declared acceptance of hadith narrators.
Red Snow
Red Snow was a British thermonuclear weapon, based on the US W28 (then called Mark 28) design used in the B28 thermonuclear bomb and AGM-28 Hound Dog missile. The US W28 had yields of 70, 350, 1,100 and 1,450 kilotonnes of TNT (0.29, 1.46, 4.60 and 6.07 PJ) and while Red Snow yields are still classified, declassified British documents indicate the existence of "kiloton Red Snow" and "megaton Red Snow" variants of the weapon, suggesting similar yield options, while other sources have suggested a yield of approximately 1 megatonne of TNT (4.2 PJ).

AGM-28 Hound Dog
The North American Aviation AGM-28 Hound Dog was a supersonic, turbojet-propelled, nuclear armed, air-launched cruise missile developed in 1959 for the United States Air Force. It was primarily designed to be capable of attacking Soviet ground-based air defense sites prior to a potential air attack by B-52 Stratofortress long range bombers during the Cold War. The Hound Dog was first given the designation B-77, then redesignated GAM-77, and finally AGM-28. It was conceived as a temporary standoff missile for the B-52, to be used until the GAM-87 Skybolt air-launched ballistic missile was available. Instead, the Skybolt was cancelled within a few years and the Hound Dog continued to be deployed for a total of 15 years until its replacement by newer missiles, including the AGM-69 SRAM and then the AGM-86 ALCM.
1914 Oklahoma gubernatorial election
The 1914 Oklahoma gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1914, and was a race for Governor of Oklahoma. Democrat Robert L. Williams narrowly defeated Republican John Fields and Socialist Fred W. Holt.  Also on the ballot were Independents Amos L. Wilson and T. J. Wood as well as Progressive Party nominee John P. Hickam. The Prohibition Party also had ballot access but did not run a candidate in the general election.

This was the closest gubernatorial election in Oklahoma until 1970 and Williams' 39.65% share of the vote is the lowest for any winning candidate in the state's history.

Roger Mills County, Oklahoma
Roger Mills County is a county located in the western part of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, its population was 3,442, making it the fourth-least populous county in Oklahoma. Its county seat is Cheyenne. The county was created in 1891.

Roger Mills county is located above the petroleum-rich Panhandle-Hugoton Field, making it one of the leading sources of oil, natural gas, and helium. The county also overlies part of the Ogallala Aquifer.
V14 engine
A V14 engine is a V engine with 14 cylinders mounted on the crankcase in two banks of seven cylinders. It is a very rare layout, used almost exclusively on large medium-speed diesel engines used for power generation and marine propulsion.

V engine
A V engine, sometimes called a Vee engine, is a common configuration for internal combustion engines. It consists of two cylinder banks—usually with the same number of cylinders in each bank—connected to a common crankshaft. These cylinder banks are arranged at an angle to each other, so that the banks form a "V" shape when viewed from the front of the engine.

V engines typically have a shorter length than equivalent inline engines, however the trade-off is a larger width. V6, V8 and V12 engines are the most common layout for automobile engines with 6, 8 or 12 cylinders respectively.
Batanopride
Batanopride (BMY-25,801) is an antiemetic drug of the benzamide class which acts as a selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. It was trialled to reduce nausea during cancer chemotherapy, but was never approved for medical use due to dose-limiting side effects including hypotension and long QT syndrome.

Antiemetic
An antiemetic is a drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea. Antiemetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of opioid analgesics, general anaesthetics, and chemotherapy directed against cancer. They may be used for severe cases of gastroenteritis, especially if the patient is dehydrated.

Some antiemetics previously thought to cause birth defects appear safe for use by pregnant women in the treatment of morning sickness and the more serious hyperemesis gravidarum.
Winding number
In mathematics, the winding number or winding index of a closed curve in the plane around a given point is an integer representing the total number of times that the curve travels counterclockwise around the point, i.e., the curve's number of turns. The winding number depends on the orientation of the curve, and it is negative if the curve travels around the point clockwise.

Winding numbers are fundamental objects of study in algebraic topology, and they play an important role in vector calculus, complex analysis, geometric topology, differential geometry, and physics (such as in string theory).

Algebraic topology
Algebraic topology is a branch of mathematics that uses tools from abstract algebra to study topological spaces. The basic goal is to find algebraic invariants that classify topological spaces up to homeomorphism, though usually most classify up to homotopy equivalence.

Although algebraic topology primarily uses algebra to study topological problems, using topology to solve algebraic problems is sometimes also possible. Algebraic topology, for example, allows for a convenient proof that any subgroup of a free group is again a free group.
Moriago della Battaglia
Moriago della Battaglia is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Treviso in the Italian region Veneto, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northwest of Venice and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Treviso.

Moriago della Battaglia borders the following municipalities: Crocetta del Montello, Farra di Soligo, Sernaglia della Battaglia, Vidor, Volpago del Montello. The town takes its name from the position it had during World War I, when it was on the front of the Battle of the Piave.

Volpago del Montello
Volpago del Montello is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Treviso in the Italian region Veneto, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Venice and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Treviso on the southern slopes of Montello.
Mihi Creek heritage site
The Mihi Creek heritage site is a heritage-listed archaeological site at Mihi Junction, Brassall, City of Ipswich, Queensland, Australia. It is also known as Mihi Junction and Mi Hi Creek. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 16 July 2010.

Queensland Rail
Queensland Rail (QR) is a railway operator in Queensland, Australia. Queensland Rail is owned by the Queensland Government, and operates both suburban and interurban rail services in South East Queensland, as well as long-distance passenger train services connecting Brisbane to regional Queensland. Queensland Rail also owns and maintains rolling stock, in addition to approximately 6,600 kilometres (4,101 mi) of track and related infrastructure.
Larut Wars
The Larut Wars were a series of four wars that began in July 1861 and ended with the signing of the Pangkor Treaty of 1874. The conflicts were fought among local Chinese secret societies over the control of mining areas in Perak which later involved a rivalry between Raja Abdullah and Ngah Ibrahim, making it a war of succession.

Taiping, Perak
Taiping (Malay: [taipeŋ]) is a city located in Larut, Matang and Selama District, in the state of Perak, Malaysia. It is located approximately 48 km (30 mi) northwest of Ipoh, the capital of Perak, and 78 km (48 mi) southeast of George Town, Penang. With a population of 245,182 (in 2013), it is the second largest city in Perak after Ipoh, the state capital.

Taiping took over Kuala Kangsar's role as the state capital from 1876 to 1937, but was then replaced by Ipoh. Its growth slowed after that, but in recent years the town has been developing rapidly again. Perak State Museum is located in the town.

Taiping also receives some limelight for being the wettest town in Peninsular Malaysia. Its average annual rainfall of about 2757mm of precipitation has led to fertile flora and rain trees in the Taiping Lake Gardens.

Taiping was ranked in the Top 3 Sustainable Cities in the world.
Ouèssè, Savalou
Ouèssè is an arrondissement in the Collines department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Savalou. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 6,801.

Savalou
Savalou [sa.va.lu] is a city located in the Collines Department of Benin. The commune covers an area of 2,674 square kilometres and as of 2012 had a population of 35,433 people. It is the birthplace of Olympic Beninese hurdler Odile Ahouanwanou.

Savalou, like many areas of Benin, is home to a constituent monarchy.
University of Illinois Chicago
The University of Illinois Chicago (UIC) is a public research university in the Near West Side community area of Chicago, Illinois, United States.

The university was the second institution established within the University of Illinois System and it is now the largest university in the Chicago metropolitan area, having more than 35,000 students enrolled in its 16 colleges. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity."

Interstate 290 (Illinois)
Interstate 290 (I-290) is an auxiliary Interstate Highway that runs westward from the Jane Byrne Interchange near the Chicago Loop. The portion of I-290 from I-294 to its east end is officially called the Dwight D. Eisenhower Expressway. In short form, it is known as "the Ike" or the Eisenhower. Before being designated the Eisenhower Expressway, the highway was called the Congress Expressway because of the surface street that was located approximately in its path and onto which I-290 runs at its eastern terminus in the Loop.

I-290 connects I-90 (Jane Addams Memorial Tollway) in Rolling Meadows with I-90/I-94 (John F. Kennedy Expressway/Dan Ryan Expressway) near the Loop. North of I-355, the highway is sometimes known locally as Illinois Route 53 (IL 53), or simply Route 53, since IL 53 existed before I-290. However, it now merges with I-290 at Biesterfield Road. In total, I-290 is 29.84 miles (48.02 km) long.
Lac (province)
13°27′36″N 14°44′24″E﻿ / ﻿13.46000°N 14.74000°E﻿ / 13.46000; 14.74000

Lac (Arabic: البحيرة) is one of the 23 provinces of Chad. Its capital is Bol. It is chiefly composed of the former Lac Prefecture. The province includes Chad's portion of the shore of Lake Chad.

Provinces of Chad
The Republic of Chad is divided into 23 provinces.

Chad was divided into regions in 2002. It was previously divided into prefectures, and then departments.

On 10 August 2018, a new ordinance divided Chad into 23 provinces, 95 departments, and 365 communes. The names of the former regions remained the same but were now called provinces. On 4 July 2024, a new ordinance further divided the 23 provinces into 120 departments and 454 sub-prefectures.

Until 2025, the leaders of the provinces of Chad were known as governors. They are now called delegates general of the government.