hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gandāra
Gandāra, or Gadāra in Achaemenid inscriptions (Old Persian cuneiform: 𐎥𐎭𐎠𐎼, Gadāra, also transliterated as Gaⁿdāra since the nasal "n" before consonants was omitted in the Old Persian script, and simplified as Gandāra or sometimes Gandara) was one of the easternmost provinces of the Achaemenid Empire in the Indian Subcontinent, following the Achaemenid invasion of the Indus Valley. It appears in various Achaemenid inscriptions such as the Behistun Inscription, or the DNa inscription of Darius the Great.

The province was also referred to as Para-uparisaina (Ancient Greek: Παροπαμισάδαι, Paropamisádai; Latin: Paropamisadae) in the Babylonian and Elamite versions of the Behistun inscription.  The extent of the province was apparently wider than the actual geographical region of Gandhara.

Elamite language
Elamite, also known as Hatamtite and formerly as Scythic, Median, Amardian, Anshanian and Susian, is an extinct language that was spoken by the ancient Elamites. It was recorded in what is now southwestern Iran from 2600 BC to 330 BC.  Elamite is generally thought to have no demonstrable relatives and is usually considered a language isolate. The lack of established relatives makes its interpretation difficult.

A sizeable number of Elamite lexemes are known from the Achaemenid royal inscriptions – trilingual inscriptions of the Achaemenid Empire, in which Elamite was written using Elamite cuneiform (circa 5th century BC), which is fully deciphered. An important dictionary of the Elamite language, the Elamisches Wörterbuch was published in 1987 by W. Hinz and H. Koch. The Linear Elamite script however, one of the scripts used to write the Elamite language c. 2000 BC, has remained elusive until the 2010s.
Sherko Fatah
Sherko Fatah (Sorani Kurdish: شێرکۆ فەتاح) is a German writer of descent from Iraqi Kurdistan. A novelist, his stories often address the violence in the Middle East, especially in Kurdish areas. Fatah has won many awards for his contributions to German literature, including the Adelbert von Chamisso Prize.

Central Kurdish
Central Kurdish, also known as Sorani Kurdish, is a Kurdish language variety spoken in Iraq, mainly in Iraqi Kurdistan, as well as the Iranian provinces of Kurdistan, Kermanshah, and West Azerbaijan. Central Kurdish is one of the two official languages of Iraq, along with Arabic, and is in administrative documents simply referred to as "Kurdish".

The term Sorani, named after the Soran Emirate, refers to a variety of Central Kurdish based on the dialect spoken in Slemani. Central Kurdish is written in the Kurdo-Arabic alphabet, an adaptation of the Arabic script developed in the 1920s by Sa'ed Sidqi Kaban and Taufiq Wahby.
Jerry Apa
Gerald F. Apa (born August 18, 1940) is an American former politician. He served in the South Dakota House of Representatives from 1997 to 2000, in the South Dakota State Senate from 2001 to 2008, and as mayor of Lead, South Dakota from 2014-2016.

South Dakota Senate
The South Dakota Senate is the upper house of the South Dakota Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of South Dakota. The lower house is the South Dakota House of Representatives. It consists of 35 members, one representing each legislative district, who can serve up to four consecutive two-year terms. It meets at the South Dakota State Capitol in Pierre.
Bryan Demore
Bryan Demore is a Canadian filmmaker. He is most noted as a producer of the film Riceboy Sleeps, which he was a Canadian Screen Award nominee for Best Motion Picture at the 11th Canadian Screen Awards in 2023.

The co-founder of A Lasting Dose Productions, he previously adapted a short film Just Living, based on Patrick Lane’s original poem, for which he was also co-director and writer. He produced Anthony Shim’s debut feature film Daughter.

11th Canadian Screen Awards
The 11th Canadian Screen Awards, presented by the Academy of Canadian Cinema & Television, honoured achievements in Canadian film, television and digital media production in 2022. The ceremonies were held at Meridian Hall in Toronto from April 11–14, 2023, as part of Canadian Screen Week, returning to an in-person ceremony for the first time since being suspended in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Highlights of the ceremonies aired in a CBC Television special on April 16, 2023, hosted by Samantha Bee.

Nominees for all awards were announced on February 22, 2023. Brother led the film nominations, with 14 nods, while the CBC/BET+ drama The Porter led in television with 19 nods. Brother and The Porter would each win 12 awards, including the awards for best motion picture and dramatic series respectively.
Nord-Ostsee-Bahn
Nord-Ostsee-Bahn ("North Sea–Baltic Railway") or NOB is a transport company which operates buses in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Based in Kiel, the company was established in 2000 and is owned by Transdev. The company formerly operated the Marsh Railway between Hamburg and Westerland.

Hamburg Hauptbahnhof
Hamburg Hauptbahnhof (abbrev. Hamburg Hbf), or Hamburg Central Railway Station in English, is the main railway station of the city of Hamburg, Germany. Opened in 1906 to replace four separate terminal stations, today Hamburg Hauptbahnhof is operated by DB Station&Service AG. With an average of 550,000 passengers a day, it is Germany's busiest railway station and the second-busiest in Europe after the Gare du Nord in Paris. It is classed by Deutsche Bahn as a category 1 railway station.

The station is a through station with island platforms and is one of Germany's major transportation hubs, connecting long-distance Intercity Express routes to the city's U-Bahn and S-Bahn rapid transit networks. It is centrally located in Hamburg in the Hamburg-Mitte borough. The Wandelhalle shopping centre occupies the north side of the station building.
2022 Chandernagore Municipal Corporation election
The 2022 Chandernagore Municipal Corporation election was held on 12 February 2022 to elect 33 members of the Chandernagore Municipal Corporation (CMC) which governs Chandernagore and Mankundu, the twin cities in the Hooghly district Indian state of West Bengal.

Left Front (West Bengal)
The Left Front is an alliance of left-wing political parties in the Indian state of West Bengal. It was formed in January 1977, the founding parties being the Communist Party of India (Marxist), All India Forward Bloc, the Revolutionary Socialist Party, the Marxist Forward Bloc, the Revolutionary Communist Party of India and the Biplobi Bangla Congress. Other parties joined in later years, most notably the Communist Party of India.

The Left Front ruled the state of West Bengal for 34 years in seven consecutive terms 1977–2011, five with Jyoti Basu as Chief Minister and two under Buddhadev Bhattacharya. The CPI(M) is the dominant force in the alliance. In the 2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election the Left Front failed to gain a majority of seats and left office. As of 2016 Biman Bose is the Chairman of the West Bengal Left Front Committee.
Isocitrate lyase
Isocitrate lyase (EC 4.1.3.1), or ICL, is an enzyme in the glyoxylate cycle that catalyzes the cleavage of isocitrate to succinate and glyoxylate. Together with malate synthase, it bypasses the two decarboxylation steps of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) and is used by bacteria, fungi, and plants.

The systematic name of this enzyme class is isocitrate glyoxylate-lyase (succinate-forming). Other names in common use include isocitrase, isocitritase, isocitratase, threo-Ds-isocitrate glyoxylate-lyase, and isocitrate glyoxylate-lyase.  This enzyme participates in glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.

Glyoxylic acid
Glyoxylic acid or oxoacetic acid is an organic compound. Together with acetic acid, glycolic acid, and oxalic acid, glyoxylic acid is one of the C2 carboxylic acids.  It is a colourless solid that occurs naturally and is useful industrially.
Turid Thomassen
Turid Thomassen (born 19 April 1965) is a Norwegian politician who was party leader of the Norwegian Red party from 2010 to 2012, succeeding Torstein Dahle.

Born in Stathelle, Telemark, Thomassen works in the administration offices of the Department for Television Education and Film Science at the Lillehammer University College, where she is also the highest union representative for the Norwegian Civil Service Union.

Since 1999, she has been a member of Lillehammer city council and at the Norwegian parliamentary election in 2009, she was her party's first candidate on the county ballot for Oppland.

Thomassen was elected as party leader of Red at the party's general assembly on 30 May 2010 after many years as member of Red Youth, Red Electoral Alliance and the Workers' Communist Party. She was succeeded by Bjørnar Moxnes at the 2012 general assembly on 6 May.

Red Electoral Alliance
Red Electoral Alliance (Bokmål: Rød Valgallianse, Nynorsk: Raud Valallianse, RV) was an alliance of far-left groups formed into a Norwegian political party to promote revolutionary socialism ideals into the Norwegian parliament. The party dissolved itself on 10 March 2007, when it participated in the founding of a new party, Red (Rødt).

Raud Ungdom or Rød Ungdom (Red Youth) was their youth organization.
Ironik
James Christian Charters (born 18 January 1988), better known as Ironik (formerly as DJ Ironik), is a British musician, DJ and rapper. His genre of music varies from hip hop, grime, R&B and UK garage. DJ Ironik was born in London.

DJ Ironik has had three UK top 10 hits; Stay With Me charted at No. 5, Tiny Dancer (Hold Me Closer) charted at No. 3 and also I Got Soul, a charity single which reached No. 10 in the UK charts and has also had several top 5 hits in other European countries.

North London
North London is the northern part of London, England, north of the River Thames and the City of London. It extends from Clerkenwell and Finsbury, on the edge of the City of London financial district, to Greater London's boundary with Hertfordshire. The term is occasionally used in reference to all of London north of the River Thames.

The term differentiates the area from South London, East London and West London. Some parts of North London are also part of Central London.
Walk of Life
"Walk of Life" is a song by the British rock band Dire Straits, the third track on their fifth studio album, Brothers in Arms (1985). It was released as a single in the US in October 1985 and in the UK in January 1986.

The track peaked at number seven in the US charts, becoming their third and last top ten hit. It was their biggest commercial hit in the UK (along with "Private Investigations"), peaking at number two. The track also appeared on three compilation albums: 1988's Money for Nothing, 1998's Sultans of Swing: The Very Best of Dire Straits, and 2005's The Best of Dire Straits & Mark Knopfler: Private Investigations. It also appeared on the band's live album On the Night (1993).

Sultans of Swing: The Very Best of Dire Straits
Sultans of Swing: The Very Best of Dire Straits is the second greatest hits compilation by the British rock band Dire Straits, released on 19 October 1998 by Mercury Records internationally, and by Warner Bros. Records in the United States. The album was originally released three years after the band's 1995 dissolution, and it featured liner notes by Robert Sandall, as both a single CD and a limited edition double CD, with the second CD containing live recordings from Mark Knopfler's first solo tour in 1996. A DVD of the same name was also released, featuring the music videos of all the songs on the single CD version, in addition to short interviews with Mark Knopfler about each song. The album is named after the band's 1978 hit single of the same name. In 2002, a limited edition box set, comprising the two CDs and the DVD, was released as part of Universal's "Sight and Sound" series.
Tạ Văn Phụng
Tạ Văn Phụng (chữ Hán: 謝文奉; ? - 1865), also Bảo Phụng, Lê Duy Phụng (黎維奉), and Lê Duy Minh (黎維明) was a Vietnamese noble, a convert to Catholicism and pretender to the Vietnamese throne. He was engaged by the French on the recommendation of the priest Théophile Le Grand de la Liraye (1819-1873), but his pretensions to the throne were disliked by Charles Rigault de Genouilly who led the French invasion of Vietnam in 1858.

The Christian-inspired Bắc Bộ rebellion or Tonkin revolt of the pretender Pierre Le Duy Phung against Tự Đức broke out in 1861, the Vietnamese court was parleying with admiral Louis Adolphe Bonard in the south. Only after Bonard rejected alliance with the pretender and made a temporary peace with the Nguyen court at Hue, could Nguyen forces head north to protect Hanoi - after which the revolt was put down in 1865.

Louis Adolphe Bonard
Louis Adolphe Bonard (French pronunciation: [lwi adɔlf bɔnaʁ]; 27 March 1805 – 31 March 1867) was a French admiral who served in the Mediterranean and then for many years in the Pacific.
He was governor of French Guiana from 1853  to 1855, and governor of Cochinchina (southern Vietnam) from 1861 to 1863.
Tatenda Zinyemba
Tatenda Pertunia Zinyemba is a Zimbabwean researcher specializing in health, education, and gender inequalities. Her work primarily focuses on sub-Saharan Africa, aiming to address disparities in these critical areas.

Gender inequality
Gender inequality is the social phenomenon in which people are not treated equally on the basis of gender. This inequality can be caused by gender discrimination or sexism. The treatment may arise from distinctions regarding biology, psychology, or cultural norms prevalent in the society. These distinctions are foremost grounded in social constructs. While current policies around the world cause inequality among individuals, it is women who are most affected. Gender inequality weakens women in many areas such as health, education, and business life. Studies show the different experiences of genders across many domains including education, life expectancy, personality, interests, family life, careers, and political affiliation. Gender inequality is experienced differently across different cultures.
RBD: La Familia (album)
RBD: La Familia (English: RBD: The Family) is the first soundtrack album by Mexican pop band RBD. The soundtrack was made to promote the group's 2007 sitcom RBD: La Familia. It was released exclusively by the Mexican television network SKY on March 14, 2007. The compilation includes the newly recorded track "Quiero Poder," which was co-written by RBD band member Dulce María and Gonzalo Schroeder, two acoustic songs, one live track and 6 songs from the group's previous albums. The DVD-side of the soundtrack also included a behind-the-scenes documentary of the recording of "Quiero Poder."

Sky México
Sky México, a trading name of Corporacion Novavision S. DE R.L. DE C.V., is a company that operates a subscription television service in Mexico, Central America and Dominican Republic. It produces TV content, and owns several TV channels. It is one of Mexico's leading pay-TV providers and is owned by Grupo Televisa. As of 2022, Sky Mexico had a 59% share of the subscription TV market.
Nostra Signora di Guadalupe e San Filippo Martire
Nostra Signora di Guadalupe e San Filippo Martire in Via Aurelia (Our Lady of Guadalupe and St. Philip Martyr in Via Aurelia) is the national church of Mexico in Rome. Opened in 1958, it was established as a titular church by Pope John Paul II in 1991, with Juan Jesús Posadas Ocampo as its first titular Cardinal Priest (1991-1993). It is owned and served by the Legion of Christ.

Legionaries of Christ
The Legionaries of Christ (in Latin: Congregatio Legionariorum Christi, abbreviated L.C.) is a Roman Catholic religious congregation of pontifical right founded on January 3, 1941, by Mexican Catholic priest and sexual offender Marcial Maciel. It belongs constitutively to the spiritual family of Regnum Christi together with the Consecrated Women of Regnum Christi and the Lay Consecrated Men of Regnum Christi. Its official name is the Congregation of the Legionaries of Christ.
Basilica Block Party
The Basilica Block Party is an annual two-day music festival that takes place in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The event is hosted by the Basilica of St. Mary and described by City Pages as "summertime's hottest church party". The festival is the largest music festival held within the city of Minneapolis.

The event is in its third decade, with past headlining artists including Ryan Adams, Weezer, Imagine Dragons, Ray LaMontagne, Panic! at the Disco, Trampled by Turtles, Spoon, Ziggy Marley and The Wallflowers.

The party is an ongoing fundraiser to help pay for the structural restoration of the Basilica.

Semisonic
Semisonic is an American rock band formed in Minneapolis in 1995, consisting of Dan Wilson (lead vocals, guitar, keyboards), John Munson (bass, keyboards, backing vocals, guitar), and Jacob Slichter (drums, percussion, keyboards, backing vocals). They are best known in the U.S. for their 1998 top-20 single "Closing Time".

In 2025, Chad Childers of Loudwire included the band in his list of "10 '90s Post-Grunge Bands That Should Have Been Bigger".
Veronica pinguifolia
Veronica pinguifolia, the disk-leaved hebe or thick-leaved speedwell, is a species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae, native to the South Island of New Zealand. Under its synonym Hebe pinguifolia, its cultivar 'Pagei' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Plantaginaceae
Plantaginaceae, the plantain family or veronica family, is a large, diverse family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that includes common flowers such as snapdragon and foxglove. It is unrelated to the banana-like fruit also called "plantain". In older classifications, Plantaginaceae was the only family of the order Plantaginales, but numerous phylogenetic studies, summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, have demonstrated that this taxon should be included within Lamiales.
Johan Clementz
Johan Fog Clementz (27 September 1894 – 14 February 1952) was a Norwegian boxer who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics. In 1920 he was eliminated in the first round of the light heavyweight class after losing his fight to Thomas Holdstock.

Boxing at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight
The men's light heavyweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1920 Summer Olympics. The weight class was the second-heaviest contested, and allowed boxers of up to 175 pounds (79.4 kilograms). The competition was held from August 21, 1920, to August 24, 1920. 11 boxers from six nations competed.
Herb Rapp
Herbert "Hub" Leo Rapp (July 21, 1905 – July 21, 1983) was an American football player.

Rapp played college football for St. Xavier (now known as Xavier University). He was captain and starting center for the 1926 St. Xavier Musketeers football team that compiled a 9–1 record. He received more All-America and all-conference honors than any player from southern Ohio. He won a reputation as "one of the greatest college players to ever don the moleskins in this section of the country."  In 1929, he played for the Ashland Armcos football team.

Rapp also played professional football in the National Football League (NFL) as a center for the Staten Island Stapletons (1930-1931). He appeared in 19 NFL games, nine as a starter. In September 1930, Red Roberts rated  Rapp as the greatest all-around linemen in professional football at that time. Roberts said of Rapp: "He can do anything any other center man can do, and the majority of it a trifle better."

Staten Island Stapletons
The Staten Island Stapletons, also known as the Staten Island Stapes, were a professional American football team. Founded in 1915, they played in the National Football League (NFL) from 1929 to 1932. The team was based in the Stapleton section of Staten Island. They played under the shortened nickname the "Stapes" the final two seasons.

Jack Shapiro, a blocking back for the Stapletons, was the shortest player in NFL history, weighing between 119–126 pounds (54–57 kg) and just over 5 feet (1.5 m) tall.
1994 Bulgarian Cup final
The 1994 Bulgarian Cup final was the 54th final of the Bulgarian Cup, and was contested between Pirin Blagoevgrad and Levski Sofia on 4 May 1994 at Vasil Levski National Stadium in Sofia. Levski won the final 1–0.

Vasil Levski National Stadium
Vasil Levski National Stadium (Bulgarian: Национален стадион „Васил Левски“), named after Bulgarian national hero and revolutionary Vasil Levski (1837–1873), is the country's second largest stadium. The stadium has 43,230 seats and is located in the centre of Sofia, on the territory of the city's oldest and most famous park - the Borisova gradina.
The Bulgaria national football team's home matches and the Bulgarian Cup finals are held at the venue, as well as athletics competitions. It was used as the home venue for Levski Sofia's Champions League games, and is often used for important derbies between the big clubs from Sofia, instead of their own home stadiums.
Call to action
Call to action or variant thereof, may refer

Call to Action, a US group advocating change in the doctrine of the Catholic Church

Call to action (marketing), a key element of many styles of persuasion, also used on the Web

Call to action (political), a call to activists to participate in a direct action or similar political activity

"Call to Action" (Supergirl), an episode of Supergirl

"Call to Action" (Star Wars Rebels)

A Call to Action: Women, Religion, Violence, and Power (2014 book), book by Jimmy Carter

Global Leadership Awards — 2005: "A Call to Action", the 2005 edition of the Global Leadership Awards - "A Call to Action"

Knight Commission — Second report: A Call to Action, 2001 report issued on college athletics in the U.S.A.

Stan Bush: Call to Action, record from the 1997 Transformers soundtrack album "Till All Are One"

Call to Action
Call to Action (CTA) is an American progressive organization that advocates a variety of changes in the Catholic Church. Call To Action's goals are to change church disciplines and teachings in such areas as mandatory celibacy for priests, the male-only priesthood, the selection process for bishops and popes, and opposition to artificial contraception.

The organisation has from its beginning inspired considerable controversy within the Catholic Church in the United States. Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re of the Congregation for Bishops said in 2006 that some of CTA's views are "in contrast" with the Catholic faith. The Diocese of Lincoln has placed the group under the ban of excommunication within the diocese, and several other bishops have censured the organization.
John Baron (priest)
Christianity portal

John Baron, D.D. (31 October 1677 – 11 July 1739) was an Anglican priest in the eighteenth century.

Bullock was educated at Pembroke College, Cambridge. He held livings at Brome, Chedgrave and Saxlingham. He was Archdeacon of Norfolk from 1731 to 1733; and Dean of Norwich from 1733 until his death.

Chedgrave
Chedgrave is a village and civil parish in English county of Norfolk.

Chedgrave is located 0.4 miles (0.64 km) north of Loddon, separated by the River Chet, and 9.6 miles (15.4 km) south-east of Norfolk.
Trustee Chambers
Trustee Chambers is a heritage-listed former house and subsequent commercial building at 170 Quay Street, Rockhampton, Rockhampton Region, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by architect John William Wilson and built from 1876 to 1877. It is also known as Residence of Dr William Callaghan and River Chambers. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Rockhampton Region
The Rockhampton Region is a local government area (LGA) in Central Queensland, Australia, located on the Tropic of Capricorn about 600 kilometres (370 mi) north of Brisbane.  Rockhampton is the region's major city; the region also includes the Fitzroy River, Mount Archer National Park and Berserker Range.

In the 2021 census, the Rockhampton Region had a population of 81,968 people.