hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Royal International Air Tattoo
The Royal International Air Tattoo (RIAT) is the world's largest military airshow, held annually in July, usually at RAF Fairford in Gloucestershire, England, in support of The Royal Air Force Charitable Trust. The show typically attracts a total of 150,000 to 200,000 spectators over the weekend. RIAT often features upwards of 200 aircraft over the weekend in July, visiting from countries across the globe. RIAT has 200+ static aircraft attend over the weekend and normally around 25+ flying displays each day of the event.

McDonnell Douglas CF-18 Hornet
The McDonnell Douglas CF-18 Hornet (official military designation CF-188) is a Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) variant of the American McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet fighter aircraft. In 1980, the F/A-18 was selected as the winner of the New Fighter Aircraft Project competition to replace the CF-104 Starfighter, CF-101 Voodoo and the CF-116 Freedom Fighter. Deliveries of the CF-18 to the Canadian Armed Forces began in 1982. CF-18s have supported North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) air sovereignty patrols and participated in combat during the Gulf War in 1991, the Kosovo War in the late 1990s, and as part of the Canadian contribution to the international Libyan no-fly zone in 2011. CF-18s were also part of the Canadian contribution to the military intervention against ISIL, Operation Impact. A procurement process to replace the CF-18 with the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II has been ongoing since 1997.
Yeghegnadzor
Yeghegnadzor (Armenian: Եղեգնաձոր [jɛʁɛɡnɑˈd͡zɔɾ]) is a town and urban municipal community in southern Armenia, serving as the provincial capital of Vayots Dzor Province and the Yeghegnadzor Municipality. It is located at a road distance of 123 km (76 mi) south of the capital Yerevan, on the shores of Srkghonk River (Armenian: Սրկղոնք), at a height of 1,194 meters (3,917 ft) above sea level.

As per the 2016 official estimate, Yeghegnadzor had a population of around 6,600. As of the 2011 census, the population of the town was 7,944 and as of the 2022 census, the population of the town was 6,912. Yeghegnadzor is the seat of the Diocese of Vayots Dzor of the Armenian Apostolic Church.

Vernashen
39°47′38″N 45°21′48″E﻿ / ﻿39.79389°N 45.36333°E﻿ / 39.79389; 45.36333

Vernashen (Armenian: Վերնաշեն) is a village in the Yeghegnadzor Municipality of the Vayots Dzor Province in Armenia. The 13th-century fortress of Proshaberd (also known as Boloraberd) and the Spitakavor Monastery of 1321 are located near Vernashen.
Karad Airport
Karad Airport (ICAO: VA1M) is in the Satara district of Maharashtra state in India. 
Its airstrip was built in 1955 by the Public Works Department to facilitate the Koyna dam project.
The airport is currently used for general aviation and piloting.

It currently covers 65 acres; the acquisition of more than 100 acres has been proposed.
Runway 10/28 is 1280 metres long and 30 metres wide with a 60-by-60-metre apron.
No navigational aids or night landing facilities are available on the airstrip.

Koyna Dam
The Koyna Dam is one of the largest dams in Maharashtra, India. It is a rubble-concrete dam constructed on Koyna River which rises in Mahabaleshwar, a hillstation in Sahyadri ranges. It is located in Koyna Nagar, Satara district, in the Western Ghats on the state highway between Chiplun (44 KM) and Karad (58 KM).
National Archives at College Park
The National Archives at College Park (also known as Archives II) is a major facility of the National Archives and Records Administration of the United States which is located in College Park, Maryland.  The facility serves as the primary base of operations for the bulk of the senior offices within the organization of the National Archives.  The facility operates in tandem with the National Archives Building in Washington, D.C. which serves as the ceremonial headquarters of the National Archives in that this is where the Archivist of the United States maintains their primary office.

National Archives facilities
The United States National Archives and Records Administration maintains facilities and buildings housing its records and services across the country. Within the organization of the National Archives, the upkeep of its facilities falls under the National Archives Facilities and Property Management Office.
1934 Dagenham Urban District Council election
The ninth election to Dagenham Urban District Council took place on 24 March 1934. The ratepayers' associations did not put up candidates outside of the Chadwell Heath ward, which meant Labour Party candidates in Becontree Heath ward were returned unopposed. A. Chorley was not reselected as the Labour Party candidate for Becontree Heath ward, but was able to stand in Dagenham. F. Hudson stood for election again, but was not eligible to stand as a Labour Party candidate. The election resulted in no change to the Labour Party majority on the council.

Municipal Borough of Dagenham
Dagenham was a local government district in south west Essex, England from 1926 to 1965 covering the parish of Dagenham. Initially created as an urban district, it was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1938. It was established to deal with the increase in population and the change from rural to urban area caused by the building of the Becontree estate by the London County Council and the subsequent movement of people from Inner London. Peripheral to London, the district formed part of the Metropolitan Police District and London Traffic Area. It now forms the eastern sections of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham and the London Borough of Redbridge in Greater London.
Dahlemer Binz Airfield
Dahlemer Binz Airfield (German: Flugplatz Dahlemer Binz) is a public general aviation airfield in the Eifel mountains of Germany. It is located in the municipality of Dahlem, about 35 kilometres southwest of Euskirchen.

The airfield is licensed for:

Powered aircraft (incl. helicopters) up to 5,700 kg flying weight (Fluggewicht)

Motor gliders

Gliders, both winched and towed

Microlights

Hot air balloons

Parachuting

Dahlem, North Rhine-Westphalia
Dahlem is a municipality in the district of Euskirchen, in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It has the lowest population density and population of all the state's municipalities. It is located in the Eifel hills, approx. 35 km south-west of Euskirchen. The small medieval town Kronenburg is part of the municipality.
Paulo Josué
Paulo Josué Stürmer dos Reis (born 13 March 1989) is a professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or a forward for Malaysia Super League club Kuala Lumpur City which he captains. Born in Brazil, he plays for the Malaysia national team.

2022 AFC Cup
The 2022 AFC Cup was the 19th edition of the AFC Cup, Asia's secondary club football tournament organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC).

This season was the last in an all-year-round (spring-to-autumn) schedule; from 2023 the competition was switched to an autumn-to-spring schedule.

Bahraini club Al-Muharraq were the title holders, having won their second AFC Cup title in 2021. As they failed to obtain the AFC license, they did not defend their title. Al-Seeb of Oman won its first continental title. They automatically qualified for the 2023–24 AFC Champions League and entered the qualifying play-offs, since Omani teams were unable to qualify through domestic performance.
Oh Se-keun
Oh Se-keun (born 20 May 1987) is a South Korean professional basketball player who plays for Anyang KGC in the Korean Basketball League. Once a mainstay of the South Korean national team, he was a member of the gold medal-winning team at the 2014 Asian Games. Oh is the first South Korean player to record a quadruple-double in any domestic officially-sanctioned adult basketball competition, whether at college or senior level.

Wonju DB Promy
The Wonju DB Promy is a professional basketball club in the Korean Basketball League (KBL), located in the city of Wonju. From its founding in 1996, the team has always been based in its home province of Gangwon. It has the rare distinction of being the only team in the KBL to have never changed its hometown despite changing names and corporate sponsors several times. Due to this long-standing relationship with the city of Wonju, the team enjoys a particularly strong local fanbase and is Gangwon Province's oldest sports team.
2023 Oregon State Beavers football team
The 2023 Oregon State Beavers football team represented Oregon State University in the Pac–12 Conference during the 2023 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Led by sixth-year head coach Jonathan Smith, the Beavers played their home games on campus at Reser Stadium in Corvallis, Oregon. The Oregon State Beavers football team drew an average home attendance of 36,969 in 2023.

Reser Stadium
Reser Stadium is an outdoor athletic stadium on the campus of Oregon State University in Corvallis, Oregon, United States. The home of the Oregon State Beavers of the Pac-12 Conference, it opened in 1953 as Parker Stadium and was renamed in 1999. At 12-13 stories and 135 ft (41 m) tall it is the tallest man-made structure in Corvallis and Benton County history and the tallest building between Eugene, Oregon, and the Salem metropolitan area.

Renovations for a new southwest grandstand decreased the seating capacity to 35,548 starting with the 2023 season. The FieldTurf playing field runs northwest to southeast, at an approximate elevation of 240 feet (73 m) above sea level, with the press box above the grandstand on the southwest sideline.
Adaptive histogram equalization
Adaptive histogram equalization (AHE) is a computer image processing technique used to improve contrast in images. It differs from ordinary histogram equalization in the respect that the adaptive method computes several histograms, each corresponding to a distinct section of the image, and uses them to redistribute the lightness values of the image. It is therefore suitable for improving the local contrast and enhancing the definitions of edges in each region of an image.

However, AHE has a tendency to overamplify noise in relatively homogeneous regions of an image. A variant of adaptive histogram equalization called contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) prevents this by limiting the amplification.

Digital image processing
Digital image processing is the use of a digital computer to process digital images through an algorithm. As a subcategory or field of digital signal processing, digital image processing has many advantages over analog image processing. It allows a much wider range of algorithms to be applied to the input data and can avoid problems such as the build-up of noise and distortion during processing. Since images are defined over two dimensions (perhaps more), digital image processing may be modeled in the form of multidimensional systems. The generation and development of digital image processing are mainly affected by three factors: first, the development of computers; second, the development of mathematics (especially the creation and improvement of discrete mathematics theory); and third, the demand for a wide range of applications in environment, agriculture, military, industry and medical science has increased.
Whitespace (programming language)
Whitespace is an esoteric programming language with syntax where only whitespace characters (space, tab and newline) have meaning – contrasting typical languages that largely ignore whitespace characters.

As a consequence of its syntax, Whitespace source code can be contained within the whitespace of code written in a language that ignores whitespace – making the text a polyglot.

Whitespace is an imperative, stack-based language. 
The programmer can push arbitrary-width integer values onto a stack and access a heap to store data.

An interpreter, along with its Haskell source code, is provided by the Whitespace creators.

Newline
A newline (frequently called line ending, end of line (EOL), next line (NEL) or line break) is a control character or sequence of control characters in character encoding specifications such as ASCII, EBCDIC, Unicode, etc. A newline is used to signify the end of a line of text and the start of a new one.
Propulsor
A propulsor is a mechanical device that gives propulsion.  The word is commonly used in the marine vernacular, and implies a mechanical assembly that is more complicated than a propeller. The Kort nozzle, pump-jet and rim-driven thruster are examples.

An example propulsor is shown in the accompanying picture.  It has a shroud which cuts down on blade-tip cavitation and radiated noise. It also has a rotor element and a stator. The stator concentrates the thrust in axial direction and reduces energy wasted in the tangential flow (therefore eliminating torque on the hull).  The number of blades in the rotor and stator will typically be two different prime numbers to avoid standing waves. The blades in the rotor or the stator may be angled to further reduce noise.  The physical design and layout is very much similar to a single-stage axial-flow compressor.

Pump-jet
A pump-jet, hydrojet, or water jet is a marine system that produces a jet of water for propulsion. The mechanical arrangement may be a ducted propeller (axial-flow pump), a centrifugal pump, or a mixed flow pump which is a combination of both centrifugal and axial designs. The design also incorporates an intake to provide water to the pump and a nozzle to direct the flow of water out of the pump.
Fairhair dynasty
The Fairhair dynasty (Norwegian: Hårfagreætta) was a family of kings founded by Harald I of Norway (commonly known as "Harald Fairhair", Haraldr inn hárfagri) which united and ruled Norway with few interruptions from the latter half of the 9th century. In the traditional view, this lasted until 1387, however, some modern scholars view this rule as lasting only three generations, ending with Harald Greycloak in the late 10th century. The moniker "Fairhair dynasty" is a retrospective construction: in their lifetime what little traces there are refer to them consistently as "Ynglings".

Sigurd II
Sigurd Haraldsson (Old Norse: Sigurðr Haraldsson; 1133 – 10 June 1155), or Sigurd II, also called Sigurd Munn, was king of Norway from 1136 to 1155. He was son of Harald IV Gille, king of Norway and his mistress Thora Guttormsdotter (Þóra Guthormsdóttir). He served as co-ruler with his half-brothers, Inge Haraldsson and Eystein II Haraldsson. His epithet Munn means "the Mouth" in Old Norse. He was killed in the power-struggle against his brother, Inge, in an early stage of the civil war era in Norway.
5-Bekat
5-bekat, which literally means "Station 5", was a provisional name of two different stations of Tashkent Metro:

Chinor, on Chilonzor Line;

Rohat, on Circle Line/30th anniversary of the independence of Uzbekistan Line.

Rohat (Tashkent Metro)
Rohat is a Tashkent Metro station on Circle Line. It was opened on 30 August 2020 as part of the inaugural section of the line between Texnopark and Qoʻyliq. The station is located between Olmos and Yangiobod.

The original name of the station was 5-Bekat, which means "Station 5". At the same time, there was another 5-Bekat station in Tashkent, which later became Chinor. In August 2023 Rohat, together with other stations of the line, was given a proper name.
Loch Neaty
Loch Neaty is a remote mountain loch in Inverness-shire, Scotland, just 900m west of the much larger Loch Bruicheach.

The loch's name is of uncertain origin. It may be a corruption of the Old Norse naut, meaning "cattle" i.e. "Loch of the Cow", or of the Scottish Gaelic neimhidh, meaning nemeton. "Neaty" is also the name of the hill on the loch's northern shore, Leachd Neaty.

Loch Neaty sits among glacial drift, over a bedrock of psammite. A small sluice dam guards the primary outflow on its northeast shore.

A 1997 archaeological survey noted a small shieling just south of the loch, beside one of its smaller tributaries.

Loch Bruicheach
Loch Bruicheach is a remote mountain loch, situated on the edge of Boblainy Forest in the Highland council area of Scotland. The nearest settlement to it is Eskadale, a small hamlet 1.74 miles (2.8 km) to the north, across a wide stretch of moorland.

The name may derive from an Old Gaelic word meaning "boiling" or "raging", and is shared with the loch's primary outflow, the Bruiach Burn.

Archaeological evidence has shown the loch to have once contained a crannog on its north shore.

In the past, Loch Bruicheach has been a popular fishing ground for the common greenshank, a rare bird in the area.
APRECI Award for Best International Premiere
The APRECI Award for Best International Premiere (Spanish: Premio APRECI al mejor estreno internacional) is one of the annual awards given at the APRECI Awards, presented by the Asociación Peruana de Prensa Cinematográfica. It was first presented in 2017.

APRECI Awards
The APRECI Awards (Spanish: Premios APRECI) are awards given by the Asociación Peruana de Prensa Cinematográfica, which reward the best Peruvian film productions of the year. The award has been awarded annually since 2009.
Pak Kung Au
Pak Kung Au (Chinese: 伯公坳), also known as Tung Chung Gap, Tung Chung Au (東涌坳), is a mountain pass along Tung Chung Road on Lantau Island, Hong Kong.

It is located at the end of Stage 2 and the start of Stage 3 of the Lantau Trail, between Sunset Peak and Lantau Peak.

Lantau Peak
Lantau Peak, or Fung Wong Shan (literally "Phoenix Mountain"), is a mountain in Lantau South Country Park, Lantau Island, Hong Kong. It is the second-highest peak in Hong Kong and the highest point on the island, with a height of 934 metres (3,064 ft) above the Hong Kong Principal Datum, or around 933 metres (3,061 ft) above mean sea level.
Quetrupillán
Quetrupillán ("blunted", "mutilated"; also known as Ketropillán; the name is sometimes applied to the neighbouring Lanín volcano.) is a stratovolcano located in Los Ríos Region of Chile. It is situated between Villarrica and Lanín volcanoes, within Villarrica National Park. Geologically, Quetrupillán is located in a tectonic basement block between the main traces of Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault (to the west) and Reigolil-Pirihueico Fault (to the east).

The volcano consists of one stratovolcano with a summit caldera, and is constructed within a field of smaller centres and a larger caldera. It was active during the late Pleistocene; some large eruptions occurred during the Holocene as well.

Pyroclastic flow
A pyroclastic flow (also known as a pyroclastic density current or a pyroclastic cloud) is a fast-moving current of hot gas and volcanic matter (collectively known as tephra) that flows along the ground away from a volcano at average speeds of 100 km/h (30 m/s; 60 mph; 90 ft/s) but is capable of reaching speeds up to 700 km/h (190 m/s; 430 mph; 640 ft/s). The gases and tephra can reach temperatures of about 1,000 °C (1,800 °F).

Pyroclastic flows are the deadliest of all volcanic hazards and are produced as a result of certain explosive eruptions; they normally touch the ground and hurtle downhill or spread laterally under gravity. Their speed depends upon the density of the current, the volcanic output rate, and the gradient of the slope.
Blades of Time
Blades of Time (ブレイズ オブ タイム, Bureizu obu Taimu) is a 2012 hack and slash video game developed by Gaijin Entertainment and published by Konami and Iceberg Interactive for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 and Mac OS X. It is a reboot/sequel to Gaijin Entertainment's 2007 game X-Blades. In the English version, the lead character is voiced by Miranda Raison.

Blades of Time was released in North America on March 6, 2012, in Japan and Australia on March 8, 2012, and in Europe on March 16, 2012. Versions for Windows and OS X were released on April 20, 2012. A Nintendo Switch version was released in Europe and North America on May 14, 2019.

Reboot (fiction)
In serial fiction, a reboot is a new start to an established fictional universe, work, or series. A reboot usually discards continuity to re-create its characters, plotlines and backstory from the beginning. It has been described as a way to "rebrand" or "restart an entertainment universe that has already been established".

Another definition of a reboot is a remake which is part of an established film series or other media franchise. The term has been criticized for being a vague and "confusing" "buzzword", and a neologism for remake, a concept which has been losing popularity since the 2010s. William Proctor proposes that there is a distinction between reboots, remakes and retcons.
Dynamic and formal equivalence
Dynamic equivalence and formal equivalence, in translating, is the dichotomy between transparency and fidelity  – respectively, between the meaning and the literal structure of a source text.

The dynamic- versus formal-equivalence dichotomy was originally proposed by Eugene Nida in relation to Bible translation.

Natural semantic metalanguage
Natural semantic metalanguage (NSM) is a linguistic theory that reduces lexicons down to a set of semantic primitives. It is based on the conception of Polish professor Andrzej Bogusławski. The theory was formally developed by Anna Wierzbicka at Warsaw University and later at the Australian National University in the early 1970s, and Cliff Goddard at Australia's Griffith University.
Banda Arc
The Banda Arc (main arc, Inner, and Outer) is a dual chain of islands in eastern Indonesia that is around 2,300 km long. It is the result of the collision of a continent and an intra-oceanic island arc.

The presently active volcanic arc is mounted on stretched continental and oceanic crust whereas the associated subduction trench is underlain by continental crust, which has subducted deep enough to contaminate the volcanic arc with continental melts. The island of Timor is notable for the lack of volcanic activity. This is due to the island representing the zone of fore-arc and continental collision which prevents volcanic activity from occurring.

The convergence of the Indo-Australian plates and Eurasia resulted in the formation of the Sunda and Banda island arcs. The transitional zone between the arcs is located south of Flores Island and is characterized by the change in the tectonic regime along the boundary in the Timor Region.

Continental crust
Continental crust is the layer of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks that forms the geological continents and the areas of shallow seabed close to their shores, known as continental shelves. This layer is sometimes called sial because its bulk composition is richer in aluminium silicates (Al-Si) and has a lower density compared to the oceanic crust, called sima which is richer in magnesium silicate (Mg-Si) minerals. Changes in seismic wave velocities have shown that at a certain depth (the Conrad discontinuity), there is a reasonably sharp contrast between the more felsic upper continental crust and the lower continental crust, which is more mafic in character.

Most continental crust is dry land above sea level. However, 94% of the Zealandia continental crust region is submerged beneath the Pacific Ocean, with New Zealand constituting 93% of the above-water portion.