hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nebraska Highway 51
Nebraska Highway 51 is a highway in eastern Nebraska.  It has a length of 36.63 miles (58.95 km) and runs from west to east.  It has a western terminus at U.S. Highway 275 northwest of Wisner and an eastern terminus at the Burt County Missouri River Bridge at the Missouri River in Decatur.

Decatur, Nebraska
Decatur is a village in Burt County, Nebraska, United States, adjacent to the upper Missouri River. The population was 481 at the 2010 census. This town is named after one of its incorporators, Stephen Decatur. It developed around a trading post established by Colonel Peter Sarpy, the namesake for Sarpy County in the state.
KUSA (TV)
KUSA (channel 9) is a television station in Denver, Colorado, United States, affiliated with NBC. It is owned by Tegna Inc. alongside MyNetworkTV affiliate KTVD (channel 20). The two stations share studios on East Speer Boulevard in Denver's Speer neighborhood; KUSA's transmitter is located atop Lookout Mountain, near Golden. In addition to its main studios, the station also operates a secondary studio and news bureau on Canyon Avenue in Fort Collins.

Fort Collins, Colorado
Fort Collins is a home rule city in Larimer County, Colorado, United States, and serves as the county seat and most populous municipality of the county. It is the fourth-most populous city in Colorado with a population of 169,810 at the 2020 census, while the Fort Collins, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area has an estimated 375,000 residents.

Situated on the Cache La Poudre River along the Colorado Front Range, Fort Collins is located 60 mi (97 km) north of the Colorado State Capitol in Denver and is a major city of the Front Range Urban Corridor. It is a prominent college town, home to Colorado State University, a public research university and the second-largest university by enrollment in Colorado.
Barzan Abd al-Ghafur Sulaiman Majid Al-Tikriti
Barzan Abd al-Ghafur Sulaiman Majid Al-Tikriti (Arabic: برزان عبد الغفور سليمان مجيد التكريتي) (born 1 July 1960 in Saladin Governorate) is an Iraqi ex-Republican Guard Commander under Saddam Hussein and member of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party. He was the "Queen of Hearts" in the U.S. deck of most-wanted Iraqi playing cards during the Second Iraq War.

He was captured on 23 July 2003, and released from prison on 29 June 2020.

Saladin Governorate
The Saladin, Salah ad Din, or Salah Al-Din Governorate (Arabic: محافظة صلاح الدين, Muḥāfaẓat Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn) is one of Iraq's 19 governorates, north of Baghdad. It has an area of 24,363 square kilometres (9,407 sq mi), with an estimated population of 1,042,200 people in 2003. It is made up of 8 districts, with the capital being Tikrit. Before 1976 the governorate was part of Baghdad Governorate.

The governorate is named after Saladin or Salah ad-Din. This governorate is largely Sunni Arab and is also where Saddam Hussein, former president of Iraq, was born, in the village of Al-Awja. Salah Al-Din governorate, a traditional stronghold of Saddam and his Al-Bu Nasir tribe that is located in the heart of the Sunni Triangle, has been a centre of insurgencies, tribal rivalries, and political and sectarian violence since the 2003 U.S.-led Coalition invasion of Iraq.
Collemancio
Collemancio is a frazione of the comune of Cannara in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 507 metres (1,663 ft) above sea level. As of 2021, it had a population of 65 inhabitants.

Province of Perugia
The province of Perugia (Italian: provincia di Perugia) is the larger of the two provinces in the Umbria region of Italy, comprising two-thirds of both the area and population of the region. Its capital is the city of Perugia. The province covered all of Umbria until 1927, when the province of Terni was carved out of its southern third. The province of Perugia has an area of 6,337 km2 and a total population of 636,531 as of 2025, covering about two-thirds of Umbria. It has 59 municipalities.

The province has numerous tourist attractions, especially artistic and historical ones, and is home to the Lake Trasimeno, the largest lake of Central Italy. It is historically the ancestral origin of the Umbri, while later it was a Roman province and then part of the Papal States until the late 19th century.
Labial–velar consonant
Labial–velar consonants are doubly articulated at the velum and the lips, such as [k͡p]. They are sometimes called "labiovelar consonants", a term that can also refer to labialized velars, such as the stop consonant [kʷ] and the approximant [w].

In languages that use Latin scripts, labial–velars are often written with digraphs, but not always. In the Kâte language, for example, /k͡p/ is written with Q q, and /ɡ͡b/ with Ɋ ɋ.

Globally, these types of consonants are quite rare, only existing in two regions: West and Central Africa on the one hand, Eastern New Guinea and northern Vanuatu on the other. There are two other isolated cases, allophonically in Vietnamese and in the Adu dialect of Nuosu (Yi).

Q with hook tail
Q with hook tail (majuscule: Ɋ, minuscule: ɋ) is a letter of the extended Latin alphabet. It was introduced by Lutheran missionaries in Papua New Guinea for use in the Numanggang language in the 1930s or 1940s. In 2002, it was decided to discontinue using the letter. It is still used in the Kâte language to represent a voiced labial-velar plosive /ɡ͡b/ (Q q is used for the voiceless equivalent /k͡p/). The Bargam language also uses it to represent the glottal stop.
In some forms of handwriting for English (and presumably other languages based on the Latin alphabet), lowercase q always has a hook tail. This is particularly evident in geometric sans-serif typefaces used to teach children how to write.

Despite the name, the uppercase glyph itself resembles more the letter latin alpha (Ɑ) than Q.
Balyktakh, Ust-Aldansky District, Sakha Republic
Balyktakh (Russian: Балыктах; Yakut: Балыктаах, Balıktaax) is a rural locality (a selo), the only inhabited locality, and the administrative center of Nayakhinsky Rural Okrug of Ust-Aldansky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 73 kilometers (45 mi) from Borogontsy, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 1,020, of whom 504 were male and 516 female, up from 1,002 as recorded during the 2002 Census.

Ust-Aldansky District
Ust-Aldansky District (Russian: Усть-Алда́нский улу́с; Yakut: Уус-Алдан улууһа, Uus-Aldan uluuha, Yakut pronunciation: [uːs-aldan uluːha]) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic and borders with Kobyaysky District in the north, Tomponsky District in the northeast, Tattinsky District in the east, Churapchinsky District in the southeast, Megino-Kangalassky District in the south, and with Namsky District in the west. The area of the district is 18,300 square kilometers (7,100 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Borogontsy. Population: 22,155 (2010 Census); 22,372 (2002 Census); 21,389 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Borogontsy accounts for 23.6% of the district's total population.
Joe Filippi
Joseph Filippi (born 3 November 1953 in Ayrshire), is a Scottish retired football defender.

Filippi began his career with hometown club Ayr United, staying with the Honest Men for eight years. He had a yearlong spell at Celtic, before joining  Glasgow neighbours Clyde. He dropped out of the senior game in 1981.

Clyde F.C.
Clyde Football Club is a Scottish semi-professional football club who play in Scottish League Two. Nicknamed the Bully Wee, the club was formed in 1877 at the River Clyde in Glasgow, the club currently host their home matches at New Douglas Park in Hamilton, having played at Broadwood Stadium in Cumbernauld from 1994 until 2022.

The club's biggest accomplishments are winning the Scottish Cup on three occasions: 1939, 1955 and 1958; they reached the final a further three times, all during a long period based at Shawfield, in Rutherglen. They have not played in the top division of Scottish football since 1975.

The club have been managed by Darren Young since October 2024.
Layton Rahmatullah Benevolent Trust
Layton Rahmatullah Benevolent Trust (LRBT) is a major non-governmental organisation, working to fight blindness in Pakistan. It is assumed to be not only the largest eye provider in the country but also the largest eye care provider in the world to have treated over 54 million patients in 38 years. The organization treats 10,200 OPD patients every single day. Established in 1984, it is based in Karachi with hospitals and primary eye care centers throughout the country.

Khanewal
Khanewal is a city and the capital of Khanewal District in Punjab, Pakistan. Khanewal also contains Khanewal Junction railway station, which is Pakistan's third largest railway junction. It is the 36th largest city of Pakistan by population.
Filippo Cavolini
Filippo Cavolini (8 April 1756 – 15 March 1810)  was an Italian marine biologist.

Filippo Cavolini was born in Vico Equense, the son of Nicola Cavolini, a Neapolitan lawyer, and Angela Auriemma, and left a legal career to devote himself to natural history. He became the Professor of Zoology at the University of Naples and Director of the Zoological Museum.
His research style, similar to that of Lazzaro Spallanzani, led to important results in the arena of marine biology and botany (Memorie per servire alla storia de' polipi marini -1785- Memoria per servire alla generazione dei pesci e dei granchi - 1787).
He died following an assault by a soldier while he was researching by boat in the Gulf of Naples: he fell into the sea and died in Naples a few days later from pneumonia.
The opisthobranch family Cavoliniidae honours his name.

Lazzaro Spallanzani
Lazzaro Spallanzani (Italian pronunciation: [ˈladdzaro spallanˈtsaːni]; 12 January 1729 – 11 February 1799) was an Italian Catholic priest (for which he was nicknamed Abbé Spallanzani), biologist and physiologist who made important contributions to the experimental study of bodily functions, animal reproduction, and animal echolocation. His research on biogenesis paved the way for the downfall of the theory of spontaneous generation, a prevailing idea at the time that organisms develop from inanimate matters, though the final death blow to the idea was dealt by French scientist Louis Pasteur a century later.

His most important works were summed up in his book Expériences pour servir a l'histoire de la génération des animaux et des plantes (Experiences to Serve to the History of the Generation of Animals and Plants), published in 1785. Among his contributions were experimental demonstrations of fertilisation between ova and spermatozoa, and in vitro fertilisation.
Alexander Semyonovich Vedernikov
Alexander Semyonovich Vedernikov (Russian: Александр Семёнович Ведерников; 23 November 1898 - 21 January 1975) was a Russian artist. He was born in the city of Gorodets in Nizhny Novgorod Governorate. He studied at the Nizhny Novgorod art workshops (1921–24) with Alexander V. Kuprin and Artur Fonvizin, and at the Leningrad Vkhutemas-Vhutein (1924–28) with Osip Braz and Alexei Karev.

He was a member of the Society "Circle of Artists" (Круг художников) (1928-30) and from 1939 he worked at the Leningrad Experimental Lithographic Workshop.

Identified with the Leningrad landscape school, his work was exhibited in numerous shows of Leningrad artists in the postwar decades. His paintings are preserved in the Russian Museum, St. Petersburg; Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow; Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow.

He died in Leningrad in 1975.

Pushkin Museum
The Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts (Russian: Государственный музей изобразительных искусств имени А. С. Пушкина, romanized: Gosudarstvennyy muzey izobrazitel'nykh iskusstv imeni A. S. Pushkina, abbreviated as Russian: ГМИИ, GMII) is the largest museum of European art in Moscow. It is located in Volkhonka street, just opposite the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour. The International musical festival Sviatoslav Richter's December Nights has been held in the Pushkin Museum since 1981.
Emactuzumab
Emactuzumab (RG-7155) is a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) expressed on macrophages and has demonstrated a profound antitumor effect through interference with the CSF-1/CSF-1R axis, along with a manageable safety profile in patients with diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumors (d-TGCT).

Tenosynovial giant cell tumor
Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) is a non-malignant tumor defined histologically as inclusions of "osteoclast-like" multinucleated giant cells, hemosiderin, and macrophages. This histology can present one of 2 clinically distinct ways. Localized/nodular TGCT (L-TGCT), sometimes referred to as "giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath";: 100  is a common tumor that presents as a slow-growing, encapsulated, localized and limited bump, most frequently in the fingers. Diffuse TGCT (D-TGCT) — also called pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS)— is a rare tumor that presents as a proliferative, destructive, intra-articular lesion, most commonly in the knee.: 102   D-TGCT tumors often develop from the lining of joints (also known as synovial tissue).: 100 : 245 . Common symptoms of D-TGCT include swelling, pain, stiffness and reduced mobility in the affected joint or limb.: 102
Guanshancaris
Guanshancaris is an extinct genus of amplectobeluid radiodont known from the Cambrian Stage 4 Guanshan Biota of southern China. It is only known from a single species. G. kunmingensis which was described in 2013 as a species of Anomalocaris before being placed in a new genus in 2023. Like many other radiodonts, it is only known from fragmentary remains, including its frontal appendages and the oral cone. It has been suggested to have been durophagous. Based on the proportions of Anomalocaris, it is estimated to have been  22.2–32.8 cm (8.7–12.9 in) long.

Cambrian Stage 4
Cambrian Stage 4 is the still unnamed fourth stage of the Cambrian and the upper stage of Cambrian Series 2. It follows Cambrian Stage 3 and lies below the Wuliuan. The lower boundary has not been formally defined by the International Commission on Stratigraphy. One proposal is the first appearance of two trilobite genera, Olenellus or Redlichia. Another proposal is the first appearance of the trilobite species Arthricocephalus chauveaui. Both proposals will set the lower boundary close to 514.5 million years ago. The upper boundary corresponds to the beginning of the Wuliuan.
Connecticut's 2nd congressional district
Connecticut's 2nd congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Connecticut. Located in the eastern part of the state, the district includes all of New London County, Tolland County, and Windham County, along with parts of Hartford, Middlesex, and New Haven counties. Principal cities include Enfield, Norwich, New London, and Groton.

The district is currently represented by Democrat Joe Courtney. With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of D+4, it is one of the least Democratic districts in Connecticut, a state with an all-Democratic congressional delegation.

Cook Partisan Voting Index
The Cook Partisan Voting Index, abbreviated PVI or CPVI, is a measurement of the partisanship of a U.S. congressional district or U.S. state. This partisanship is indicated as lean towards either the Republican Party or the Democratic Party, compared to the nation as a whole, based on how that district or state voted in the previous two presidential elections.
Talle Valley Wildlife Sanctuary
Talle Valley Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area in Arunachal Pradesh, India, with an area of 337 km2 (130 sq mi). It was established in 1995.
It is also known as Talley Valley Wildlife Sanctuary.
It ranges in elevation from 1,200 to 3,000 m (3,900 to 9,800 ft) and harbours subtropical and temperate broadleaved and conifer forests. Mammal species present include clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa), Malayan giant squirrel (Ratufa bicolor), northern red muntjac (Muntiacus vaginalis) and Asian palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus). The 130 bird species observed in spring 2015 included black eagle (Ictinaetus malayensis), collared owlet (Glaucidium brodiei), golden-breasted fulvetta (Lioparus chrysotis), scarlet minivet (Pericrocotus speciosus), Verditer flycatcher (Eumyias thalassinus) and Mrs. Gould's sunbird (Aethopyga gouldiae).

Black eagle
The black eagle (Ictinaetus malaiensis) is a bird of prey. Like all eagles, it is in the family Accipitridae, and it is the only member of the genus Ictinaetus. It soars over forests in the hilly regions of tropical and subtropical South and Southeast Asia, as well as southeastern China, hunting mammals and birds, particularly at their nests. It is easily identified by its widely splayed and long primary "fingers", the characteristic silhouette, slow flight and yellow ceres and legs that contrast with the dark feathers.
Leilua
Leilua is the surname of the following people

Bianca Leilua, competitive sailor from Samoa

Joseph Leilua (born 1991), Australian rugby league footballer

Luciano Leilua (born 1996), Australian rugby league footballer, brother of Joseph

Uiliami Leilua Vi (1925–1986), Tongan noble

Bianca Leilua
Bianca Leilua is a competitive sailor from Samoa who has represented Samoa at the Pacific Games and Pacific Mini Games. In 2015 she was Samoa's first female entrant in the Youth Sailing World Championships.
Hemingway & Gellhorn
Hemingway & Gellhorn is a 2012 American biographical drama television film directed by Philip Kaufman and written by Jerry Stahl and Barbara Turner, about the lives of journalist Martha Gellhorn (Nicole Kidman) and her husband, writer Ernest Hemingway (Clive Owen). The film premiered at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival, and aired on HBO on May 28, 2012.

2012 Cannes Film Festival
The 65th Cannes Film Festival  took place from 16 to 27 May 2012. Italian filmmaker Nanni Moretti was the president of the jury for the main competition. Austrian filmmaker Michael Haneke won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for the drama film Amour.

The official poster of the festival features Marilyn Monroe, to mark the 50th anniversary of her death. French actress Bérénice Bejo hosted the opening and closing ceremonies.

The festival opened with Moonrise Kingdom by Wes Anderson, and the closed with Thérèse Desqueyroux by Claude Miller.
Elton, Volgograd Oblast
Elton (Russian: Эльтон) is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Eltonskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 2,723 as of 2010. There are 47 streets.

Pallasovsky District
Pallasovsky District (Russian: Палла́совский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-three in Volgograd Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Pallasovsky Municipal District. It is located in the east of the oblast. The area of the district is 10,700 square kilometers (4,100 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Pallasovka. Population: 43,293 (2010 Census); 47,347 (2002 Census); 48,013 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Pallasovka accounts for 37.1% of the district's total population.
Daniel Pudil
Daniel Pudil (Czech pronunciation: [ˈdanɪjɛl ˈpuɟɪl]; born 27 September 1985) is a Czech former professional footballer who played for the Czech Republic national team and currently plays as a left back or left winger for Northern Counties East League Premier Division club Hallam.

Northern Counties East Football League
The Northern Counties East Football League is a semi-professional English football league. It has two divisions – Premier Division and Division One – which stand at the ninth and tenth levels of the English football pyramid respectively.
Gang des postiches
The Gang des postiches (French: Hairpiece Gang) was a team of bank robbers that operated in Paris between 1981 and 1986, robbing around thirty banks.

They would enter the bank dressed in common clothing and wearing false mustaches, beards, and wigs (from which they got their name). After entering the bank, they would separate into two groups, the first responsible for taking hostages, while the second went about acquiring cash and emptying safe deposit boxes (which were not under surveillance during opening hours).

It is estimated that the total value of their activities may have exceeded 30 million euro.

Beard
A beard is the hair that grows on the jaw, chin, upper lip, lower lip, cheeks, and neck of humans and some non-human animals. In humans, beards are most common among pubescent and adult males, though some women also develop them.

Attitudes toward beards have varied across history, shaped by cultural traditions and fashion trends. Several religions require or encourage the wearing of beards, and some societies have associated them with masculinity, virility, virtue, beauty, wisdom, strength, fertility, sexual prowess, and high social status. In contrast, in cultures where beards are uncommon or unfashionable, they may be linked with poor hygiene or eccentricity. Beards can also provide environmental benefits, including protection from cold weather and sun exposure.
Gödel numbering
In mathematical logic, a Gödel numbering is a function that assigns to each symbol and well-formed formula of some formal language a unique natural number, called its Gödel number. Kurt Gödel developed the concept for the proof of his incompleteness theorems.: 173–198

A Gödel numbering can be interpreted as an encoding in which a number is assigned to each symbol of a mathematical notation, after which a sequence of natural numbers can then represent a sequence of symbols. These sequences of natural numbers can again be represented by single natural numbers, facilitating their manipulation in formal theories of arithmetic.

Since the publishing of Gödel's paper in 1931, the term "Gödel numbering" or "Gödel code" has been used to refer to more general assignments of natural numbers to mathematical objects.

Mathematical notation
Mathematical notation consists of using symbols for representing operations, unspecified numbers, relations, and any other mathematical objects and assembling them into expressions and formulas. Mathematical notation is widely used in mathematics, science, and engineering for representing complex concepts and properties in a concise, unambiguous, and accurate way.

For example, the physicist Albert Einstein's formula  is the quantitative representation in mathematical notation of mass–energy equivalence.

Mathematical notation was first introduced by François Viète at the end of the 16th century and largely expanded during the 17th and 18th centuries by René Descartes, Isaac Newton, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, and overall Leonhard Euler.
Sebago Lake, Maine
Sebago Lake is an unincorporated village in the town of Standish, Cumberland County, Maine, United States. The community is located on the south shore of its eponymous lake at the junction of Maine State Route 35 and Maine State Route 114.

Maine State Route 35
State Route 35 (SR 35) runs the course of western Maine, from Kennebunk to Bethel. It passes through York, Cumberland, and Oxford counties. It is known in its lower sections for both its unusually windy course as well as its notoriously poor paving, as a result of winter frost heaves. Its northern section leads to the famous ski resort, Sunday River.  The route crosses the Presumpscot River and a well-preserved section of the Cumberland and Oxford Canal approximately one mile (1.6 km) west of U.S. Route 302 (US 302) in North Windham.