hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
North Battleford (federal electoral district)
North Battleford was a federal electoral district in Saskatchewan, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1917 to 1949. This riding was created in 1914 from parts of Battleford, Prince Albert and Saskatoon ridings. It initially consisted of the northwestern part of the province, north of the North Saskatchewan River and west of the third meridian. It was redefined in 1924 and 1933.

The electoral district was abolished in 1947 when it was redistributed into Prince Albert, Rosetown—Biggar and The Battlefords ridings.

Library of Parliament
The Library of Parliament (French: Bibliothèque du Parlement) is the main information repository and research resource for the Parliament of Canada. The main branch of the library sits at the rear of the Centre Block on Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Ontario. The library survived the 1916 fire that destroyed Centre Block. The library has been augmented and renovated several times since its construction in 1876, the last between 2002 and 2006, though the form and decor remain essentially authentic. The building today serves as a Canadian icon, and appears on the obverse of the Canadian ten-dollar bill.

The library is overseen by the Parliamentary Librarian of Canada and an associate or assistant librarian. The Canadian Parliamentary Poet Laureate is considered to be an officer of the library.
Xinjiao Town
23°05′41″N 113°19′12″E﻿ / ﻿23.0947°N 113.3200°E﻿ / 23.0947; 113.3200

Xinjiao Town (Chinese: 新滘镇; pinyin: Xīnjiào zhèn; Jyutping: San1gaau3 zan3) is a town in the Haizhu District of Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. The town is known for its orchards, which produce fruits such as star-fruit, pomegranate, banana, papaya, orange, and litchi. Like many neighboring communities, it is also noted for its canals, which are incorporated into the design of parts of the city, abutting houses and bridges, which date back as far as the Ming Dynasty (1279–1644). Several Qing Dynasty (1644–1911) temples are also located in the area. These features make the town a popular attraction for tourists.

Papaya
The papaya (/pəˈpaɪə/, US: /pəˈpɑːjə/), papaw, (/pəˈpɔː/) or pawpaw (/ˈpɔːpɔː/) is the plant species Carica papaya, one of the 21 accepted species in the genus Carica of the family Caricaceae. Papaya is also the name of its fruit. It was first domesticated in Mesoamerica, within modern-day southern Mexico and Central America. It is grown in several countries in regions with a tropical climate. In 2024, India was the leading producer, accounting for 36% of the world total.
Gibson County Training School
The Gibson County Training School is a historic educational facility in Milan, Tennessee, that was built in 1926 with financial support from the Rosenwald Fund. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

Milan, Tennessee
Milan (/ˈmaɪlɪn/ MY-lin) is the largest city in Gibson County, Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, Milan had a population of 8,171. It is home to the Milan Army Ammunition Plant, the West Tennessee Agricultural Museum and several historical sites listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).  The city was the first in Tennessee to begin no-till farming and to fluoridate its drinking water.  The Milan Endowment for Growth in Academics (MEGA) was the first private community financial endowment for public schools in Tennessee.
Endothenia quadrimaculana
Endothenia quadrimaculana is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found from northern and central Europe to Siberia and south-eastern Russia, Mongolia and China. Subspecies nubilana is found in North America.

The wingspan is 18–22 mm. The ground colour of the forewings is light brown with small dark brown spots along the costal  edge, a square brown spot in the middle of the wing and an inward-curved brown cross-band at the tip. The hindwings are light brown. Dissection of the genitalia is necessary to determine Endothenia species with certainty.

In France and Switzerland, there are two generations per year. Adults are on wing in May and June and again in August and September.

The larvae feed on Mentha spicata, Mentha arvensis, Lamium album, Stachys palustris, Stachys arvensis, Stachys recta and Symphytum officinale.

Lamium album
Lamium album, commonly called white dead-nettle, is a flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae. It is native throughout Europe and Asia, growing in a variety of habitats from open grassland to woodland, generally on moist, fertile soils.
Ralph Morgan (rugby)
Douglas Ralph Morgan (c. 1920 – May 2009) was a Welsh rugby union, and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1940s and 1950s. He played club level rugby union (RU) for Machen RFC, Cross Keys RFC, Newport Police RFC and Newport RFC, as a fullback, and representative level rugby league (RL) for Wales, and at club level for Swinton and Leeds, as a fullback.

Morgan was signed by Leeds from Swinton in October 1952. In September 1954, he was signed by Belle Vue Rangers, where he remained until the club folded a year later.

Cross Keys RFC
Cross Keys RFC (Welsh: Clwb Rygbi Pont-y-Cymer) is a rugby union club located in the Welsh village of Crosskeys. The club is a member of the Welsh Rugby Union, and is a feeder club for the Dragons regional team.
Allison Hightower
Allison Kina Hightower (born April 6, 1988) is an American professional women's basketball player who last played for the Washington Mystics of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). She was drafted 15th overall in the 2010 WNBA draft.

2010 WNBA draft
The 2010 WNBA draft is the league's annual process for determining which teams receive the rights to negotiate with players entering the league. The draft was held on April 8, 2010. The first round was shown on ESPN2 (HD), while the second and third rounds were shown on NBA TV and ESPNU.

A lottery was held on November 5, 2009. The Minnesota Lynx received the first overall selection of the draft. The Sacramento Monarchs received the number two selection. The Connecticut Sun came up with the third overall selection, followed by the Minnesota Lynx again at four, and the Chicago Sky at number five.

Additionally, on December 14, 2009, the WNBA held a dispersal draft to re-assign players from the Sacramento Monarchs who folded at the end of 2009 WNBA season. Since the Monarchs folded after the draft lottery took place, their pick was simply eliminated.
Grave with the Hands
The Grave with the Hands (Dutch: Graf met de handjes, lit. 'Grave with the little hands') is a 19th-century funerary monument in the Dutch city of Roermond. It comprises two almost identical tombstones on either side of a wall separating the Catholic part from the Protestant part of Begraafplaats Nabij de Kapel in 't Zand (Cemetery Near the Chapel in the Sand), each with a carved arm and hand that clasps the other across the wall. The monument marks the graves of Josephina van Aefferden, a Catholic, and Jacobus van Gorkum, a Protestant, who were married in life, but had to be buried in separate sections of the cemetery. It was listed as a rijksmonument (state monument) in 2002.

Roermond
Roermond (Dutch pronunciation: [ruːrˈmɔnt] ⓘ; Limburgish: Remunj [ʀəˈmʏɲ] or Remuunj [ʀəˈmyːɲ]) is a city, municipality, and diocese in the Limburg province of the Netherlands. Roermond is a historically important town on the lower Roer on the east bank of the river Meuse. It received town rights in 1231. Roermond's town centre has become a designated conservation area.

Through the centuries, the town has filled the role of commercial centre and a principal town in the duchy of Guelders. Since 1559, it has served as the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Roermond. The skyline of the town is dominated by the towers of its two churches, St. Christopher's Cathedral and Roermond Minster ("Munsterkerk" in Dutch). In addition to the churches, the town centre has many significant buildings and monuments.
Ladywell Leisure Centre
Ladywell Leisure Centre was a leisure centre located in Lewisham, London. The leisure centre was owned by London Borough of Lewisham and managed on their behalf by Lifestyle Fusion. The building was demolished in 2014, as a result of the new Glass Mill Leisure Centre being opened.

The building featured as the main character's workplace in Sean Lock's sitcom 15 Storeys High.

Lewisham
Lewisham (/ˈluːɪʃəm/ ⓘ LOO-ish-əm) is an area of southeast London, England, six miles (ten kilometres) south of Charing Cross. It is the principal area of the London Borough of Lewisham, and was within the historic county of Kent until 1889. It is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London, with a large shopping centre and street market. Lewisham had a population of 60,573 in 2011.
Echo question
An echo question is a question that seeks to confirm or clarify another speaker's utterance (the stimulus), by repeating it back in some form. For example:

In English, echo questions have a distinctive prosody, featuring a rising intonation. A speaker may use an echo question to seek confirmation because they find the stimulus surprising, or simply because they did not hear it clearly. Echo questions have unusual syntactic properties (including a lack of wh-movement), which have made them a challenge to account for in linguistic theories of questions.

Prosody (linguistics)
In linguistics, prosody (/ˈprɒsədi, ˈprɒz-/) is the study of elements of speech, including intonation, stress, rhythm and loudness, that occur simultaneously with individual phonetic segments: vowels and consonants. Often, prosody specifically refers to such elements, known as suprasegmentals when they extend across more than one phonetic segment.

Prosody reflects the nuanced emotional features of the speaker or of their utterances: their obvious or underlying emotional state, the form of utterance (statement, question, or command), the presence of irony or sarcasm, certain emphasis on words or morphemes, contrast,  focus, and so on. Prosody displays elements of language that are not encoded by grammar, punctuation or choice of vocabulary.
Curno
Curno (Bergamasque: Cüren) is a municipality (Italian: comune) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Milan and about 6 kilometres (4 mi) southwest of Bergamo. As of 31 December 2006, it had a population of 7,590 and an area of 4.62 square kilometres (1.78 sq mi).

The municipality of Curno contains the subdivision (frazione) status of Marigolda.

Curno borders with the following municipalities:

Bergamo

Bonate Sopra,

Mozzo

Ponte San Pietro

Treviolo.

Bergamasque dialect
The Bergamasque dialect  is the western variant of the Eastern Lombard group of the Lombard language. It is mainly spoken in the province of Bergamo and in the area around Crema, in central Lombardy.

Bergamasque has official status in the province of Bergamo, according to the Regional Law 25/2016.
Congenital anosmia
Congenital anosmia is a rare condition characterized by the complete inability to perceive smell from birth. It affects approximately 1 in 10,000 individuals and is often diagnosed later in life due to its subtle presentation and lack of associated symptoms.

Odor
An odor (American English) or odour (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) is a smell or a scent caused by one or more volatilized chemical compounds generally found in low concentrations that humans and many animals can perceive via their olfactory system. While smell can refer to pleasant and unpleasant odors, the terms scent, aroma, and fragrance are usually reserved for pleasant-smelling odors and are frequently used in the food and cosmetic industry to describe floral scents or to refer to perfumes.
Harry S. Truman (Twin Peaks)
Sheriff Harry S. Truman is a fictional character and supporting protagonist in the television series Twin Peaks (1990–1991) and deleted scenes from the prequel film Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me (1992). He was created by showrunners Mark Frost and David Lynch, and portrayed by Michael Ontkean.

Harry Truman served as the sheriff of Twin Peaks, Washington after his father and older brother. In 1989, he and FBI Special Agent Dale Cooper lead the investigation into the murder of high schooler Laura Palmer, uncovering several mysteries around the town pertaining both to organized crime and the supernatural.

Ontkean was originally set to reprise the role in the revival series, Twin Peaks: The Return (2017), but later turned it down. As such, Robert Forster was brought in to play Harry's brother, Frank Truman, who returned to the sheriff's position in Twin Peaks after Harry grew ill.

Prequel
A prequel is a literary, dramatic or cinematic work whose story precedes that of a previous work, by focusing on events that occur before the original narrative. A prequel is a work that forms part of a backstory to the preceding work.

The term "prequel" is a 20th-century neologism from the prefix "pre-" (from Latin prae, "before") and "sequel".

Like sequels, prequels may or may not concern the same plot as the work from which they are derived. More often they explain the background that led to the events in the original, but sometimes the connections are not completely explicit. Sometimes prequels play on the audience's knowledge of what will happen next, using deliberate references to create dramatic irony.
Jerry Hill (politician)
Gerald A. "Jerry" Hill (born April 18, 1947) is an American politician who served in the California State Senate as a member for the Democratic Party. He represented the 13th Senate District during his time in the California State Senate.

Before being elected to the State Senate in 2012, Hill served in the California State Assembly representing the 19th Assembly District. Before serving in the Legislature, he was a member of the San Mateo City Council, where he served one term as Mayor. He also served on the San Mateo County Board of Supervisors.

Board of supervisors
A board of supervisors is a governmental body that oversees the operation of county government in the U.S. states of Arizona, California, Iowa, Mississippi, Virginia, and Wisconsin, as well as 16 counties in New York. There are equivalent agencies in other states.

Similar to a city council, a board of supervisors has legislative, executive, and quasi-judicial powers. The important difference is that a county is an administrative division of a state, whereas a city is a municipal corporation; thus, counties implement and, as necessary, refine the local application of state law and public policy, while cities produce and implement their own local laws and public policy (subject to the overriding authority of state law). Often they are concerned with the provision of courts, jails, public health and public lands.
From Court to Capital
From Court to Capital: A Tentative Interpretation of the Origins of the Japanese Urban Tradition is a 1978 non-fiction book by Paul Wheatley and Thomas See, published by The University of Chicago Press.

The book describes Japan prior to urbanization, which means Japan before the first state government was formed. The book uses the same analysis used in The Pivot of Four Quarters, but it describes Japanese urban planning instead of Chinese urban planning.

Roy Andrew Miller stated that the book does not indicate which author had written which portions and/or had done which tasks, and he stated he felt confusion when the book talked in a first person voice.

Roy Andrew Miller
Roy Andrew Miller (September 5, 1924 – August 22, 2014) was an American linguist best known as the author of several books on Japanese language and linguistics, and for his advocacy of Korean and Japanese as members of the proposed Altaic language family.
F-flat major
F-flat major (or the key of F-flat) is a key based on F♭, consisting of the pitches F♭, G♭, A♭, B♭♭, C♭, D♭, and E♭. Its key signature has eight flats, requiring one double flat and six single flats. Because F-flat major requires eight flats, including a B, it is almost always notated as its enharmonic equivalent of E major, with four sharps. The same is true of the relative minor of D-flat minor, usually replaced by C-sharp minor. F-flat minor, the parallel minor, would be replaced by E minor, since F-flat minor requires four double-flats.

The F-flat major scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The F-flat harmonic major and melodic major scales are:

The scale-degree chords of F-flat major are:

Tonic – F-flat major

Supertonic – G-flat minor

Mediant – A-flat minor

Subdominant – B-double-flat major

Dominant – C-flat major

Submediant – D-flat minor

Leading-tone – E-flat diminished

Leading tone
In music theory, a leading tone (also called subsemitone or leading note in the UK) is a note or pitch which resolves or "leads" to a note one semitone higher or lower, being a lower and upper leading tone, respectively. Typically, the leading tone refers to the seventh scale degree of a major scale (), a major seventh above the tonic. In the movable do solfège system, the leading tone is sung as si.

A leading-tone triad is a triad built on the seventh scale degree in a major key (viio in Roman numeral analysis), while a leading-tone seventh chord is a seventh chord built on the seventh scale degree (viiø7). Walter Piston considers and notates viio as V07, an incomplete dominant seventh chord. (For the Roman numeral notation of these chords, see Roman numeral analysis.)
Henry Roop
Henry Roop was a two-masted wooden schooner built in 1835 in Black Rock, New York, USA. It was also seen as "H. Roop."  The ship measured 65 by 19 by 7 feet and weighed 80 tons. Her last cargo was salt. She was lost in a storm on October 12, 1843, bound for Sandusky, Ohio, USA.  There was no loss of life.

Black Rock, Buffalo
Black Rock, once an independent municipality, is now a neighborhood of the northwest section of the city of Buffalo, New York.  In the 1820s, Black Rock was the rival of Buffalo for the terminus of the Erie Canal, but Buffalo, with its larger harbor capacity and greater distance from the shores of Canada, a recent antagonist during the War of 1812, won the competition. Black Rock took its name from a large outcropping of black limestone along the Niagara River, which was blasted away in the early 1820s to make way for the canal.
Addiction module
Addiction modules are toxin-antitoxin systems. Each consists of a pair of genes that specify two components: a stable toxin and an unstable antitoxin that interferes with the lethal action of the toxin. Found first in Escherichia coli on low copy number plasmids, addiction modules are responsible for a process called the postsegregational killing effect. When bacteria lose these plasmid(s) (or other extrachromosomal elements), the cured cells are selectively killed because the unstable antitoxin is degraded faster than the more stable toxin. The term "addiction" is used because the cell depends on the de novo synthesis of the antitoxin for cell survival. Thus, addiction modules are implicated in maintaining the stability of extrachromosomal elements.

De novo synthesis
In chemistry, de novo synthesis (from Latin 'from the new') is the synthesis of complex molecules from simple molecules such as sugars or amino acids, as opposed to recycling after partial degradation. For example, nucleotides are not needed in the diet as they can be constructed from small precursor molecules such as formate and aspartate.  Methionine, on the other hand, is needed in the diet because while it can be degraded to and then regenerated from homocysteine, it cannot be synthesized de novo.
Diana Barrera
Diana Barrera (born 20 January 1987) is an American-born Guatemalan footballer. She plays for the Guatemala women's national football team and ACF Torino in the Women's Premier Soccer League (WPSL). She previously played for the University at Albany.

Torino Women ASD
Torino Women Associazione Sportiva Dilettantistica, or simply Torino Women, is an Italian football team from Turin competing in Serie C for the 2025–26 season.

Founded in 1981, Torino reached five years later Serie A where it has played since. While the club has yet to win a national trophy, Torino was the championship's runner-up in 1994 and 2007. In 2007 it also reached the national Cup's final. Up to the early 2010s it held a steady place in Serie A but relegation in the 2012–2013 season saw them drop to Serie B. A restructuring of the league system for the 2018–2019 season then saw them consigned to the newly established Serie C. The team remained here for a few seasons but declined to register for the competition in 2021–2022, instead joining the Piedmont region of the fourth-tier Eccellenza league. The club won promotion from Eccellenza league in 2024–25 season via play-off, returning to Serie C (in Group A) for the 2025–26 season.
Borgo Pusterla
Borgo Pusterla or Borgo San Marco is the part of the historic center of Vicenza that developed - during the Middle Ages and especially during the modern age - along the ancient road that led north out of the city from Porta Pusterla, in the area between the Bacchiglione river to the south, the Venetian fortified walls (the present-day Viale Bartolomeo D'Alviano and Viale Fratelli Bandiera) to the north and the Astichello river to the east.

Montecchio Precalcino
Montecchio Precalcino is a town and comune in the province of Vicenza, Veneto, Italy. It is situated on the west side of the Astico creek.

The main attraction is the patrician Villa Forni Cerato, attributed by some scholars to Andrea Palladio.
Kangiryuatjagmiut
Kangiryuatjagmiut (or Kanghiryatmagmiut; or Kanhiryuatjidgmiut) were a Copper Inuit subgroup. They lived around Minto Inlet, and between Minto inlet and Walker Bay.

The Kangiryuatjagmiut and the Kangiryuarmiut of Prince Albert Sound were the northernmost Copper Inuit. As with the Kangiryuarmiut, the Kangiryuatjagmiut migrated seasonally throughout western Victoria Island, Banks Island, and the mainland in the area of present-day Kugluktuk, Nunavut. Prior to white contact, and the introduction of schooners, the Kangiryuarmiut migrated mostly by foot, developing what Nuttall (1992) referred to as an "embodied memoryscape" in that people knew all place names en route, the accompanying stories, and a collective significance and relational understanding of locations. According to Balanoff and Chambers, this knowledge is integral to social identity and Inuinnaqtun literacies.

Kugluktuk
Kugluktuk (Qurluqtuq, lit. 'the place of moving water'; Inuktitut syllabics: ᖁᕐᓗᖅᑐᖅ; Inuktitut pronunciation: [quʁluqtuq]), known as Coppermine until 1 January 1996, is a hamlet at the mouth of the Coppermine River in the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut, Canada, on Coronation Gulf, southwest of Victoria Island. It is Nunavut's westernmost community, near the border with the Northwest Territories.

The area's traditional language is Inuinnaqtun, which is written in the Latin alphabet, rather than the syllabics of the Inuktitut writing system. Like Cambridge Bay, Bathurst Inlet, and Umingmaktok, syllabics are rarely seen and are used mainly by the Government of Nunavut.
David R. Brown (engineer)
David Randolph Brown (October 31, 1923 – April 16, 2016) was an American computer scientist. He was a member of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology leadership team that created Project Whirlwind, "one of the first large-scale, high-speed computers".

Whirlwind I
Whirlwind I was a Cold War-era vacuum-tube computer developed by the MIT Servomechanisms Laboratory for the U.S. Navy. Operational in 1951, it was among the first digital electronic computers that operated in real-time for output, and the first that was not simply an electronic replacement of older mechanical systems.

It was one of the first computers to calculate in bit-parallel (rather than bit-serial), and was the first to use magnetic-core memory.

Its development led directly to the Whirlwind II design used as the basis for the United States Air Force SAGE air defense system, and indirectly to almost all business computers and minicomputers in the 1960s, particularly because of the mantra "short word length, speed, people."