hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paratrigona subnuda
Paratrigona subnuda, commonly known as the jataí-da-terra ("ground jataí"), is a species of eusocial stingless bee in the family Apidae and tribe Meliponini. These social bees are prevalent in Neotropical moist forests, including Brazilian Atlantic and other South American forests. They inhabit spherical nests in moist underground environments with their forest habitats. Within their Neotropical habitats the P. subnuda is considered to be a very successful and common species of bee. P. subnuda’s main source of food is pollen and nectar from a large variety of native Mesoamerican tropical plants. They have been extensively studied due to social conflicts arising from single mate behaviors and particular virgin behaviors. P. subnuda also exhibits the particular daily behavior in which they open the nest entrance at dawn and close the entrance at dusk when all their activities are done.

Nectar
Nectar is a viscous, sugar-rich liquid produced by plants in glands called nectaries, either within the flowers with which it attracts pollinating animals, or by extrafloral nectaries, which provide a nutrient source to animal mutualists, which in turn provide herbivore protection. Common nectar-consuming pollinators include mosquitoes, hoverflies, wasps, bees, butterflies and moths, hummingbirds, honeyeaters and bats. 
Nectar is an economically important substance as it is the sugar source for honey.

Nectar is also useful in agriculture and horticulture because the adult stages of some predatory insects feed on nectar. For example, a number of predacious or parasitoid wasps (e.g., the social wasp species Apoica flavissima) rely on nectar as a primary food source. In turn, these wasps then hunt agricultural pest insects as food for their young.

Nectar is most often associated with flowering plants (angiosperms), but it is also produced by other groups, including ferns.
Disco, Tennessee
Disco is an unincorporated community in Blount County, Tennessee. Its post office closed in 1903.

It is unknown why the name "Disco" was applied to this community. Disco has been noted for its unusual place name.

Place names considered unusual
Place names considered unusual can include those which are also offensive words, inadvertently humorous (especially if mispronounced) or highly charged words, as well as place names of unorthodox spelling and pronunciation, including especially short or long names. These names often have an unintended effect or double-meaning when read by someone who speaks another language.
Lawson Roll
Lawson Macgregor Roll (born 8 March 1965) is a former English cricketer.  Roll was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born in Thornbury, Gloucestershire.

Roll made his only first-class appearance for Gloucestershire against the touring Sri Lankans in 1984. In this match he wasn't required to bat and with the ball he bowled 15 wicket-less overs. He later played 2 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches for the Gloucestershire Cricket Board, against Wiltshire in 1999 and Herefordshire in 2000.

His grandfather, Henry Roll, played a first-class match for Warwickshire in 1927.

Thornbury, Gloucestershire
Thornbury is a market town and civil parish in the South Gloucestershire unitary authority area of England, about 12 miles (19 km)  north of Bristol. It had a population of 12,063 at the 2011 census, rising to 14,496 in the 2021 census. Thornbury is a Britain in Bloom award-winning town, with its own competition: Thornbury in Bloom. The earliest documentary evidence of a village at "Thornbyrig" dates from the end of the 9th century. The Domesday Book of 1086 noted a manor of "Turneberie" belonging to William the Conqueror’s consort, Matilda of Flanders, with 104 residents.
Pancharevo Gorge
Pancharevo Gorge (Bulgarian: Панчаревски пролом) is a deep and narrow gorge in the upper course of the river Iskar in western Bulgaria. Administratively, it is part of the Pancharevo district of Sofia City Province.

Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
The Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (abbreviated BAS; Bulgarian: Българска академия на науките, romanized: Bŭlgarska akademiya na naukite, abbreviated БАН) is the National Academy of Bulgaria, established in 1869.

The Academy, with headquarters in Sofia, is autonomous and consists of a Society of Academicians, Correspondent Members and Foreign Members. It publishes and circulates different scientific works, encyclopaedias, dictionaries and journals, and runs its own publishing house.

The activities are distributed in three main branches: Natural, mathematical and engineering sciences; Biological, medical and agrarian sciences and Social sciences, humanities and art. They are structured in 42 independent scientific institutes, and a dozen of laboratories and other sections.

Julian Revalski has been the president of the BAS since 2016. As of 2022, its budget was 119,860 million leva (€61.28 million).
Cynthia Lui
Cynthia Lillian Lui (born 17 February 1977) is an Australian former politician. She was the Australian Labor Party member for Cook in the Queensland Legislative Assembly from 2017 to 2024. Originally from Yam Island in the Torres Strait, Lui is the first Torres Strait Islander to be elected to any parliament. She worked as a community worker in Cairns to win internally as a representative for Cook, she then went on to secure her place within the Labor Party as the preferred candidate. Lui gave her maiden speech in the Queensland Parliament on 15 February 2018.

Torres Strait
The Torres Strait (/ˈtɒrɪs/), also known as Zenadh Kes (pronounced [ˈzen̪ad̪ kes]), is a strait between Australia and the Melanesian island of New Guinea. It is  150 km (93 mi) wide at its narrowest extent. To the south is Cape York Peninsula, the northernmost extremity of the Australian mainland. To the north is the Western Province of Papua New Guinea. It is named after the Spanish navigator Luís Vaz de Torres, who sailed through the strait in 1606.
2018 Reykjavik Tournament
The 2018 Reykjavik Tournament was the 18th season of Iceland's annual men's pre-season tournament. The tournament involved nine of Reykjavík's top football sides from the top two leagues in Iceland, Úrvalsdeild karla and 1. deild karla, and used a combination of group and knockout rounds to determine which team was the winner of the tournament. The competition began on 6 January 2018 and concluded on 5 February 2018.

Reykjavik Tournament
The Reykjavík Tournament is an annual pre-season football tournament in Iceland. The tournament involves nine of Reykjavík's top football sides from the top two leagues in Iceland, Úrvalsdeild karla and 1. deild, and uses a combination of group and knockout rounds to determine which team is the winner of the tournament. Currently, matches begin in January, with tournament concluding in February.

Valur are the defending champions, having defeated Fjölnir 1–0 in the 2017 final.
Whitehouse Mountain
Whitehouse Mountain is a 13,492-foot-elevation (4,112-meter) mountain summit located in Ouray County of southwest Colorado, United States. It is situated four miles west of the community of Ouray, on land managed by Uncompahgre National Forest. It is part of the Sneffels Range which is a subset of the San Juan Mountains, which in turn is part of the Rocky Mountains. It is west of the Continental Divide, 2.2 miles north of Potosi Peak, and 3.2 miles east-northeast of Mount Sneffels. Topographic relief is significant as the east aspect rises 5,680 feet (1,730 meters) above the town of Ouray in approximately four miles. The mountain's name, which has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names, was in use before 1906 when Henry Gannett published it in the Gazetteer of Colorado.

United States Board on Geographic Names
The United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN) is a federal body operating under the United States secretary of the interior. The purpose of the board is to establish and maintain uniform usage of geographic names throughout the federal government of the United States.
Nigorobuna
Nigoro-buna, sometimes called round crucian carp, is a type of wild goldfish (Carassius auratus grandoculis) or related cyprinid (Carassius buergeri grandoculis) endemic to Japan. Its habitat is limited to Lake Biwa, its tributaries and distributaries, and irrigation canals, in the Shiga Prefecture (west-central Honshu), northeast of Kyoto.

The fish is of culinary importance locally in Shiga Prefecture, where it is used as an ingredient for funazushi, a type of narezushi. The fermented fish is closely packed with rice and salt in tubs.

Common goldfish
The common goldfish is a breed of goldfish and a family of Cyprinidae in the order cypriniformes. Goldfish are descendants of wild carp from East Asia. Most varieties of fancy goldfish were derived from this simple breed.  Common goldfish come in a variety of colors including red, orange, red/white, white/black, yellow/white, blue, grey/brown, olive green, yellow, white, and black, with the most common variation being orange, hence the name. The brightness, duration, and vividness of the color may be an indication of the fish's health status, but not always, as water conditions and quality of care affect the fish's appearance.
Our Bodies Our Doctors
Our Bodies Our Doctors is a 2019 American documentary film directed by Portland-based clinical psychologist and documentary filmmaker Jan Haaken. It concerns the work of abortion providers in the United States and controversy and backlash often faced by those providers. The film features the work of providers local to the Pacific Northwest, including based in the Seattle metropolitan area and the Oregon Health & Science University, as well as in Kansas and Oklahoma at the South Wind Women's Center.

Our Bodies Our Doctors premiered at the 42nd Portland International Film Festival on International Women's Day, March 8, 2019, where it went on to win Best Documentary Feature.

Northwest Film Center
PAM CUT–Center for an Untold Tomorrow, formerly the Northwest Film Center, is a regional media arts resource and service organization based in Portland, Oregon, United States, that was founded to encourage the study, appreciation, and utilization of film. The center provides a variety of film and video exhibition, education and information programs primarily directed to the residents of the Pacific Northwest.
Sugg House
Sugg House, also known as Sugg House Antiques, and the Sugg/McDonald House, is a historic building and former residence in Sonora, California. It was built in 1857 during the California gold rush by William Sugg, a freed Black slave. Several changes have been made to the structure in the 19th century. For 125 years the Sugg–McDonald family lived in the same house.

It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since September 13, 1984, for its architecture and contributions to Black history; has been a California Historical Landmark since September 13, 1984; and it contains a historical marker which was erected 2003 by E Clampus Vitus.

Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
The Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library is the rare book library and literary archive of Yale University Library in New Haven, Connecticut. It is one of the largest buildings in the world dedicated to rare books and manuscripts and is one of the largest collections of such texts. Established by a gift of the Beinecke family and given its own financial endowment, the library is financially independent from the university and is co-governed by Yale University Library and Yale Corporation.

Situated on Yale University's Hewitt Quadrangle, the building was designed by Gordon Bunshaft of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill and completed in 1963. From 2015 to 2016 the library building was closed for 18 months for major renovations, which included replacing the building's HVAC system and expanding teaching and exhibition capabilities.
Lo Siento BB:/
"Lo Siento BB:/" (English: "I'm Sorry Baby") is a song by Puerto Rican record producer Tainy, Puerto Rican rapper Bad Bunny and Mexican singer Julieta Venegas. It was released on October 5, 2021, through Neon16 and Interscope Records, along with its music video. The song charted at number 2 on the Billboard's Hot Latin Songs chart and reached number 12 on the Billboard Global 200. It received nominations for Best Reggaeton Performance and Best Urban Song at the 23rd Annual Latin Grammy Awards, winning the first one.

Tainy
Marco Efraín Masís Fernández (Latin American Spanish: [ˈmaɾko efraˈim maˈsis feɾˈnandes]; born August 9, 1989), known professionally as Tainy, is a Puerto Rican record producer, songwriter and recording engineer. Born and raised in San Juan, Puerto Rico, he entered the world of reggaeton with his work on Mas Flow 2 by Luny Tunes. A repeated Grammy and BMI Award winner, Tainy has produced for artists including Wisin & Yandel, Janet Jackson, and Jennifer Lopez. His debut EP, Neon16 Tape: The Kids That Grew Up on Reggaeton (2020), consists of tracks with several other artists.
Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan
"Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan" is a poem by Moniza Alvi. Alvi describes  a few gifts that she receives from her aunts. This is a metaphor for her Pakistani culture, and she says how much it clashes with her English culture. The poem is about the poet's struggle to find which culture she truly belongs to; Pakistani or English. It is included in Cluster 2, Poems from Different Cultures, of the AQA Anthology.

Moniza Alvi
Moniza Alvi FRSL (born 2 February 1954) is a British-Pakistani writer and poet. She has won several well-known prizes for her verse. She was elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature in 2023.
Rhode Island Route 14
Route 14 is a numbered state highway in the U.S. state of Rhode Island. It runs approximately 23 miles (37 km) from Connecticut routes 14 and 14A at the border with Sterling, Connecticut, to Route 6 in Providence.

Sterling, Connecticut
Sterling is a town in Windham County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Northeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 3,578 at the 2020 census. The rural town is home to two villages: Oneco (named for Oneco, Sachem of the Mohegans) and Sterling village. Each contains a post office, a church, and a fire station. The town hall and public library are located in Oneco, and the town's one public school is in Sterling village.
Faith School Menace?
Faith School Menace? is a television documentary presented by Richard Dawkins which explores the effects of faith schools on the students in them and society in general by taking examples in particular from UK faith schools, with the stated aim "to explore the balance of rights between a parent's right to educate a child in their own faith, and the children's rights to determine their own beliefs and approach the world with a genuinely open mind".

At the time of broadcast, one third of British schools had some kind of religious affiliation. Dawkins was refused entry to Catholic and Jewish faith schools, but was allowed to film in a Muslim school, where children were taught what the theory of evolution was, but that it was not true.

It was first aired on More4 on 18 August 2010.

Faith school
A faith school is a school in the United Kingdom that teaches a general curriculum but which has a particular religious character or formal links with a religious or faith-based organisation. The term is most commonly applied to state-funded faith schools, although many independent schools also have religious characteristics.

There are various types of state-funded faith school, including Voluntary Aided (VA) schools, Voluntary Controlled (VC) schools, and Faith Academies.

Schools with a formal faith designation may give priority to applicants who are of the faith, and specific exemptions from Section 85 of the Equality Act 2010 enable them to do that.  However, state-funded faith schools must admit other applicants if they cannot fill all of their places and must ensure that their admission arrangements comply with the School Admissions Code.

Note that legislation varies between the countries of the United Kingdom since education is a devolved matter.
2003–04 Harty Cup
The 2003–04 Harty Cup was the 84th staging of the Harty Cup since its establishment in hurling by the Munster Council of Gaelic Athletic Association in 1918.

St Colman's College were the defending champions.

The final was played on 14 March 2004 at Leahy Park in Cashel, between St Flannan's College and Coláistí na nDéise, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. St Flannan's College won the match by 3–15 to 1–08 to claim their 20th Harty Cup title overall and a first title in four years.

St Flannan's College
Saint Flannan's College is an Irish co-educational secondary school located in Ennis, County Clare, which takes its name from the 7th century  patron saint of the Dál gCais. It was formerly an all-boys boarding school. The first co-ed class began in 2002 for First Year students. In 2003 an extension which added over 20 new rooms and extensive new facilities to the college was completed. The school had rapidly expanded since 1962, when there were some 370 pupils, 140 of whom were day boys, and only 37 teachers. By 2004, enrollment had risen to more than 1,000 students, and Staff numbers had risen to 60. In 2005, the boarding portion of the school was closed. In the 2010–11 school year there were 1,206 students. This has since grown again to 1,276 students in 2025-2026. St. Flannan's College is the largest Secondary School in Munster.
Gagarin, Russia
Gagarin (Russian: Гагарин; masculine) or Gagarina (Гагарина; feminine, or masculine genitive) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Gagarin, Smolensk Oblast, a town in Gagarinsky District of Smolensk Oblast

Rural localities

Gagarin, Vologda Oblast, a pochinok in Terebayevsky Selsoviet of Nikolsky District in Vologda Oblast

Gagarina, Krasnoyarsk Krai, a settlement in Petropavlovsky Selsoviet of Abansky District in Krasnoyarsk Krai

Gagarina, Tyumen Oblast, a village in Berdyuzhsky Rural Okrug of Berdyuzhsky District in Tyumen Oblast

Smolensk Oblast
Smolensk Oblast (Russian: Смоленская область, romanized: Smolenskaya oblastʹ), informally also called Smolenshchina (Смоленщина), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative centre is the city of Smolensk. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 888,421.
Breakfast in Bed (film)
Breakfast in Bed (German: Frühstück im Doppelbett) is a 1963 German comedy film directed by Axel von Ambesser and starring O.W. Fischer, Liselotte Pulver and Ann Smyrner.

It was shot at the Spandau Studios and on location in Berlin. The film's sets were designed by the art director Hans Jürgen Kiebach and Ernst Schomer.

Spandau Studios
The Spandau Studios or CCC Studios were film and television studios located in Spandau, a suburb of Berlin. They were established in 1949 following the Second World War by the producer Artur Brauner controller of CCC Films, on the site of a former factory. Following the Soviet occupation of East Germany, most of the major film studios in the capital were, with the exception of the Tempelhof Studios, located in East Berlin until Brauner opened his own studios.

Brauner produced a number of popular genre films over the following decades, including several remakes of Weimar era hits. Space was also rented out to other firms, and the 1960s saw the series of Edgar Wallace films made at Spandau by Rialto Film.
Technicolor Fabrics
Technicolor Fabrics is a Mexican indie rock band founded in April 2007 in Guadalajara, Jalisco. It was originally formed by Juan Pablo Corcuera (vocalist/guitar), Abraham Lopez (drums), Raul Cabrera (guitar/bass/synth), and Joaquin Martinez (bass/guitar); but in 2009  Dan Salazar (keyboard) joined them.
Since this band was founded, it has participated in concerts supporting bands such as The Whitest Boy Alive, Phoenix, Passion Pit and Capital Cities.

Passion Pit
Passion Pit is an American indie pop band from Cambridge, Massachusetts. Formed in 2007, frontman and keyboardist Michael Angelakos is the band's primary recording member. As a touring act, the band currently consists of Angelakos (vocals, synthesiser), Chris Hartz (drums), Aaron Harrison Folb (bass, synthesiser), Giuliano Pizzulo (guitar, synthesiser), and Ray Suen (guitars, synthesiser).

The band released their debut studio album Manners in 2009. A second album entitled Gossamer was released in 2012, which debuted at No. 4 on the Billboard 200 and gave the band their first top 10 album. Kindred, the band's third album, was released on April 17, 2015. Their fourth album, Tremendous Sea of Love, was self-released by the band in 2017.
Rüdiger Emshoff
Rüdiger Emshoff (born April 5, 1960 in Mülheim an der Ruhr) is a German oral and maxillofacial surgeon and associate professor at the Medical University of Innsbruck, where he is head of the Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorder Unit. Emshoff is known for his work in the field of chronic orofacial pain management with a focus on the development of non-invasive and minimally-invasive methods in the diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular joint dysfunction.

Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf
Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (abbr. HHU; German: Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf), named after German poet Heinrich Heine, is a public university in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, which was founded in 1965. It is the successor organization to Düsseldorf's Medical Academy of 1907.

Following several expansions throughout the decades, the university has comprised five faculties since 1993. Currently, more than 36,000 full-time students are studying at HHU and a total staff of approximately 3,600 people (academic and non-academic).
Yichun Mingyueshan Airport
Yichun Mingyueshan Airport (IATA: YIC, ICAO: ZSYC) is an airport serving the city of Yichun in Jiangxi Province, China.  It is located in Hutian Town, Yuanzhou District.  As the only airport in western Jiangxi, it also serves the nearby cities of Pingxiang and Xinyu in addition to Yichun, with a total population of 10 million.  It is named after Mingyueshan (Moon Mountain), a national forest park near Yichun.  Construction of the airport began on 26 July 2009. Originally scheduled to open in 2011, the airport opened on 26 June 2013.

Pingxiang
Pingxiang (simplified Chinese: 萍乡; traditional Chinese: 萍鄉; pinyin: Píngxiāng; Wade–Giles: P'ing-hsiang) is a medium-sized prefecture-level city located in western Jiangxi province, People's Republic of China. Pingxiang City is located in the west of Jiangxi Province, bordering Yichun and Ji'an of this province to the east and south, and Zhuzhou and Changsha of Hunan to the northwest.

Pingxiang has a world-famous history and culture and various natural landscapes. There are a large number of old revolutionary sites such as Zongping Alley, the Anyuan Road Miners Club, the Anyuan Road Miners Consumer Cooperative, the Autumn Harvest Uprising military conference site, and the location of the Red Front Army Front Committee. Natural landscapes include Yilong Cave, Wugong Mountain, Yangqi Mountain, etc.
Joan Develin Coley
Joan Develin Coley is a former American higher education executive. She served as president of McDaniel College, Westminster, Maryland from 2000 to 2010. She was then appointed as interim president of Notre Dame of Maryland University, beginning in August 2013, and served in that capacity during the presidential search for that university.

A national higher education policy participant with the Aspen Institute, she was also actively involved with the Wye Faculty Seminar of the Association of American Colleges and Universities.

Interim management
Interim management is the temporary provision of management resources and skills. Interim management can be seen as the short-term assignment of a proven heavyweight interim executive manager to manage a period of transition, crisis or change within an organization. In this situation, a permanent role may be unnecessary or impossible to find on short notice. Additionally, there may be nobody internally who is suitable for, or available to take up, the position in question.