hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
CURL
cURL (pronounced like "curl", /kɜːrl/) is a free and open source CLI app for uploading and downloading individual files. It can download a URL from a web server over HTTP, and supports a variety of other network protocols, URI schemes, multiple versions of HTTP, and proxying. The project consists of a library (libcurl) and command-line tool (curl), which have been widely ported to different computing platforms. It was created by Daniel Stenberg, who is still the lead developer of the project.

Upload
Uploading refers to transmitting data from one computer system to another through means of a network. Common methods of uploading include: uploading via web browsers, FTP clients, and terminals (SCP/SFTP). Uploading can be used in the context of (potentially many) clients that send files to a central server. While uploading can also be defined in the context of sending files between distributed clients, such as with a peer-to-peer (P2P) file-sharing protocol like BitTorrent, the term file sharing is more often used in this case. Moving files within a computer system, as opposed to over a network, is called file copying.

Uploading directly contrasts with downloading, where data is received over a network. In the case of users uploading files over the internet, uploading is often slower than downloading as many internet service providers (ISPs) offer asymmetric connections, which offer more network bandwidth for downloading than uploading.
Evaporation pond
Evaporation ponds are artificial ponds with very large surface areas that are designed to efficiently evaporate water by sunlight and expose water to the ambient temperatures. Evaporation ponds are inexpensive to design making them ideal for multiple purposes such as wastewater treatment processes, storage, and extraction of minerals. Evaporation ponds differ in purpose and may result in a wide range of environmental and health effects.

Room temperature
Room temperature, colloquially, denotes the range of air temperatures most people find comfortable indoors while dressed in typical clothing. Comfortable temperatures can be extended beyond this range depending on humidity, air circulation, and other factors.

In certain fields, like science and engineering, and within a particular context, room temperature can mean different agreed-upon ranges. In contrast, ambient temperature is the actual temperature, as measured by a thermometer, of the air (or other medium and surroundings) in any particular place. The ambient temperature (e.g. an unheated room in winter) may be very different from an ideal room temperature.

Food and beverages may be served at "room temperature", meaning neither heated nor cooled.
Bubba Blackwell
James Blackwell (born October 4, 1966; known professionally as Bubba Blackwell) is an American stunt performer and motorcycle jumping world record holder who is sponsored by and promoted by the Harley-Davidson motorcycle company. Before his association with Harley, Blackwell was sponsored by the now-defunct Buell Motorcycle Company (Buell was partnered with Harley before Buell became defunct in October 2009).

Blackwell is best known for breaking Evel Knievel's jump record for buses using a Harley-Davidson XR-750 flat-track racing motorcycle.

San Diego County Fair
The San Diego County Fair is an annual fair held in Del Mar, California. It is held every summer at the Del Mar Fairgrounds. Established in 1880, the fair is the longest running event in San Diego County.
Herreshoff H-26
The Herreshoff H-26 is an American sailboat that was designed by Gordon Goodwin, Sidney Herreshoff and Halsey Chase Herreshoff as a cruiser.

The H-26 is a cruising development of the 1914 Herreshoff H-12 1/2 and is an enlarged version of the 1959 Goldeneye, both Nathaniel G. Herreshoff designs.

Nathanael Greene Herreshoff
Nathanael Greene Herreshoff (March 18, 1848 – June 2, 1938) was an American naval architect, mechanical engineer, and yacht design innovator. He produced a succession of undefeated America's Cup defenders between 1893 and 1920.
Drift (telecommunications)
In telecommunications, a drift is a comparatively long-term change in an attribute, value, or operational parameter of a system or equipment.  The drift should be characterized, such as "diurnal frequency drift" and "output level drift." Drift is usually undesirable and unidirectional, but may be bidirectional, cyclic, or of such long-term duration and low excursion rate as to be negligible.

Drift is also common in pseudo-synchronised streaming applications, such as low-latency audio streaming over TCP/IP. Normally both ends of a streaming connection would stay in-sync with a master clock but TCP/IP does not provide this 'master clock' mechanism. Therefore, applications running fixed clocks will drift apart over time and glitches will occur. This is usually fixed by controlling jitter or drift, by slightly altering the clock speed at one end of the connection.

Glitch
A glitch is a brief technical fault, such as a transient one that corrects itself, making it difficult to troubleshoot. The term is particularly common in the computing and electronics industries, in circuit bending, as well as among players of video games, although any purposely organized structure, such as speech, may experience glitches.

A glitch, which is slight and often temporary, differs from a more serious bug, which is a genuine breakdown in function. Videogame writer Alex Pieschel says that although the two words are often used interchangeably when describing software, the more "blameworthy pejorative" of bug indicates something that can be reliably diagnosed and corrected, while glitch describes a situation "more transient, abnormal, illogical, impermanent, or unreliable", caused by unexpected inputs or something outside of the code.
Eliot Bridge
The Eliot Bridge is a bridge over the Charles River between Cambridge, Massachusetts and Allston, Boston, Massachusetts.  It connects Soldiers Field Road in Allston with Gerry's Landing Road, Memorial Drive, Greenough Boulevard, and the Fresh Pond Parkway in Cambridge.

The bridge was built in 1950 as a memorial to Charles W. Eliot, Harvard president 1869–1909, and his son Charles Eliot, landscape architect for the Metropolitan Park Commission.

Charles River
The Charles River (Massachusett: Quinobequin), sometimes called the River Charles or simply the Charles, is an 80-mile-long (129 km) river in eastern Massachusetts. It flows northeast from Hopkinton to Boston along a meandering route which doubles back on itself several times and travels through 23 cities and towns before reaching the Atlantic Ocean.
Pilata Bigidigala
Pilata Bigidigala is a 2015 Indian Odia romantic comedy film directed by Basant Sahoo and produced by Pooja Bharalawala. Its music was directed by Prem Anand. The film is a remake of the Punjabi film Carry On Jatta, which was inspired by the Malayalam film Chakkikotha Chankaran.

Chakkikotha Chankaran
Chakkikotha Chankaran is 1989 Indian Malayalam-language comedy film, directed by Krishnakumar, starring Jayaram and Urvashi. The film was a remake of Tamil film Enga Veetu Ramayanam. The movie was remade in Kannada as Mana Mecchida Sose.
2014 NCAA Division I baseball tournament
The 2014 NCAA Division I baseball tournament began on Friday, May 30, 2014, as part of the 2014 NCAA Division I baseball season. The 64 team double elimination tournament concluded with the 2014 College World Series in Omaha, Nebraska, which started on June 14, 2014, and ended on June 25, 2014, with the Vanderbilt Commodores upsetting the 3rd seed Virginia Cavaliers 3–2 in the decisive Game 3.

The 64 participating NCAA Division I college baseball teams were selected out of an eligible 298 teams. A total of 31 teams were awarded an automatic bid as champions of their conferences, and 33 teams were selected at-large by the NCAA Division I Baseball Committee.

Teams were divided into 16 regionals of four teams which conducted a double-elimination tournament. Regional champions faced each other in Super Regionals, a best-of-3-game series that determined the 8 participants of the College World Series.

College World Series
The College World Series (CWS), officially the NCAA Men's College World Series (MCWS), is a baseball tournament held each June in Omaha, Nebraska. It is the culmination of the NCAA Division I baseball tournament—featuring 64 teams in the first round—which determines the champion of NCAA Division I level college baseball. The eight participating teams are split into two double-elimination brackets of four teams apiece, with the bracket winners playing in a best-of-three championship series.
Fort Lemhi
Fort Lemhi (originally spelled Fort Limhi) was a Mormon settlement from 1855 to 1858 located approximately two miles (3 km) north of present-day Tendoy, Idaho, that served as the base of operations for the Salmon River Mission. The mission was initially created as part of a larger effort to proselytize Native Americans throughout western North America; however, the fort eventually became a critical piece of Brigham Young's strategy in the Utah War. The surprise attack on Fort Lemhi in 1858 was the catalyst for bringing the Utah War to a resolution.

Heber C. Kimball
Heber Chase Kimball (June 14, 1801 – June 22, 1868) was an American religious leader who was a pioneer in the early Latter Day Saint movement. He served as one of the original twelve apostles in the early Church of the Latter Day Saints, and as first counselor to Brigham Young in the First Presidency of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) for more than two decades, from 1847 until his death.

Agreeing to take on plural marriage, then practiced by the church, Kimball eventually married 43 women, but some relationships were for caretaking. He had a total of 66 children by 17 of his wives.
Hospital network
A hospital network is a public, non-profit or for-profit company or organization that provides two or more hospitals and other broad healthcare facilities and services.  A hospital network may include hospitals in one or more regions within one or more states within one or more countries.  A hospital network has one headquarters, usually within one of the regions served by the network facilities.  (The terms hospital system and health care system are used more broadly to define the organization of people, institutions, and resources that deliver health care services to meet the health needs of a region or country.)

Non-profit hospital
A non-profit hospital is a hospital that does not make profits for owners of the hospital from the funds collected for patient services. The owners of non-profit hospitals are often a charitable organization or non-profit corporations. Fees for service above the cost of service are reinvested in the hospital. Other funding types for hospitals include public hospitals and for-profit hospitals.
Di'Anno
Di'Anno was a band featuring former Iron Maiden singer Paul Di'Anno, whom the band was named after.

The band was originally called Lonewolf, with an initial line-up featuring Di'Anno, Peter Ward and John Wiggins on guitar,  Mark Venables on keyboards, Kevin Browne on bass, and Mark Stuart drumming. The band released albums Di'Anno in June 1984, and Live from London. In the year 2000, the album Nomad was released under the band name of Di'Anno, with different musicians.

For the album, drummer Stewart was replaced by Dave Irving, who in turn was replaced by ex-Def Leppard, Waysted and Roadhouse drummer Frank Noon. The debut album Di'Anno was not a commercial success and the band split up later that same year. After this, Paul Di'Anno was hired to join Gogmagog with future Iron Maiden guitarist Janick Gers, former Iron Maiden drummer Clive Burr, along with other musicians to form this "supergroup".

Paul Di'Anno
Paul Andrews (17 May 1958 – 21 October 2024), better known by his stage name Paul Di'Anno, was an English heavy metal singer. He was the lead vocalist for Iron Maiden from 1978 to 1981. In his post-Maiden career, Di'Anno issued numerous albums over the years, as both a solo artist and as a member of bands such as Gogmagog, Di'Anno's Battlezone, Killers, Rockfellas, and Warhorse.  Together with fellow Iron Maiden member Dennis Stratton, he joined Praying Mantis for the recording of their 1990 live album Live at Last.
Ministry of Labour (Spain)
The Ministry of Labour and Social Economy (MITES) is the department of the Government of Spain responsible for planning and carrying out the government policy on labour relations and social economy.

The MITES is headed by the Minister of Labour, a Cabinet member who is appointed by the Monarch at request of the Prime Minister. The Labour Minister is assisted by five high-ranking officials, the Secretary of State for Migration, the Secretary of State for Social Security, the Secretary of State for Employment, the Secretary General for Immigration and Emigration and the Under Secretary of Labour. The current minister is Yolanda Díaz.

Secretary of State for Migration
The secretary of state for migration (SEM) is a senior official of the Spanish Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration responsible for developing the government's policy on foreigners, immigration and emigration. It also attends and advises the minister in the international meetings about these matters, especially in the European Union meetings.

The SEM is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the minister of inclusion, social security and migration. From the secretary of state depends a three departments: the Directorate-General for Migration Management, the Directorate-General for Humanitarian Care and the International Protection Reception System and the Directorate-General for Spanish Citizenry Abroad and Return Policies.
Linkinus
Linkinus was a shareware IRC client for Mac OS X and iOS. It has an Aqua-style user interface, and allows Cocoa plugins, AppleScript, and Growl notifications to be used. Linkinus also features embedded media, although some users have complained that this can cause the program to slow down, or even crash, especially on slow computers. Linkinus also has other features similar to those of other IRC clients, such as multitasking and the ability to change between different user interface styles.

Despite the developer tweeting in late 2012 that Linkinus was still under active development, it has not seen any updates since April 2012.

IRC
IRC (Internet Relay Chat) is a text-based chat system for instant messaging. IRC is designed for group communication in discussion forums, called channels, but also allows one-on-one communication via private messages as well as chat and data transfer, including file sharing.

Internet Relay Chat is implemented as an application layer protocol to facilitate communication in the form of text. The chat process works on a client–server networking model. Users connect, using a client—which may be a web app, a standalone desktop program, or embedded into part of a larger program—to an IRC server, which may be part of a larger IRC network. Examples of ways used to connect include the programs Mibbit, KiwiIRC, and mIRC.

IRC usage has been declining steadily since 2003, losing 60 percent of its users by 2012. In April 2011, the top 100 IRC networks served more than 200,000 users at a time.
Arnoldo Kraus
Arnoldo Samuel Kraus Weissman (10 November 1951 – 30 August 2025) was a Mexican physician, writer and academic recognized for his contributions to bioethics. He served as professor at the Faculty of Medicine of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), where he combined medical practice with teaching, research, and essay writing. Kraus published more than twenty books on subjects such as euthanasia, abortion, assisted suicide, secularism, and the doctor–patient relationship.

Bioethics
Bioethics is both a field of study and professional practice, interested in ethical issues related to health (primarily focused on the human, but also increasingly includes animal ethics), including those emerging from advances in biology, medicine, and technologies. It proposes the discussion about moral discernment in society (what decisions are "good" or "bad" and why) and it is often related to medical policy and practice, but also to broader questions as environment, well-being and public health. Bioethics is concerned with the ethical questions that arise in the relationships among life sciences, biotechnology, medicine, politics, law, theology and philosophy. It includes the study of values relating to primary care, other branches of medicine ("the ethics of the ordinary"), ethical education in science, animal, and environmental ethics, and public health.
Dirty (2020 film)
Dirty is a 2020 short LGBT coming-of-age romantic drama film, written and directed by Matthew Puccini. It premiered at the 2020 Sundance Film Festival, where it was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize for Best Short Film.

The film made its online premiere through a virtual screening by SXSW, as the festival was cancelled as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, the festival still awarded the film with a Special Jury Award for the performances of its lead actors, Morgan Sullivan and Manny Dunn. It then went on to play at BFI Flare, Outfest Fusion, Atlanta Film Festival and the Palm Springs International ShortFest; at the latter it was nominated for Best LGBTQ+ Short. In October 2020, the film's streaming rights were acquired by The Criterion Channel.

Coming-of-age story
In genre studies, a coming-of-age story is a genre of literature, theatre, film, and video game that focuses on the growth of a protagonist from childhood to adulthood, or "coming of age". Coming-of-age stories tend to emphasize dialogue or internal monologue over action and are often set in the past. The subjects of coming-of-age stories are typically teenagers. The Bildungsroman is a specific subgenre of coming-of-age story.

The plot points of coming-of-age stories are usually emotional changes within the character(s) in question.
Allison Liddi-Brown
Allison Liddi-Brown is an American television director and producer.

Liddi-Brown received her B.A. in Drama and her M.F.A. in Directing from the University of California, Irvine, where she studied under Professor Keith Fowler. She made her television directorial debut on the first season of the Nickelodeon series, The Secret World of Alex Mack. She then went on to direct episodes for a number of notable television series namely, The Mystery Files of Shelby Woo, Xena: Warrior Princess, Beverly Hills, 90210, Star Trek: Voyager, Even Stevens, CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, CSI: Miami, CSI: NY, Chuck, Grey's Anatomy, Friday Night Lights and Gossip Girl among other series.

In 2010, Brown won the Directors Guild of America award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in a Children's Program for directing the Disney Channel Original Movie Princess Protection Program starring Selena Gomez and Demi Lovato.

The Secret World of Alex Mack
The Secret World of Alex Mack is an American science fiction television series that aired on Nickelodeon from October 8, 1994, to January 15, 1998. The series was co-created by Ken Lipman and Thomas W. Lynch and was produced by Lynch Entertainment, Hallmark Entertainment and Nickelodeon Productions. The Secret World of Alex Mack was accompanied by a tie-in series of 34 paperback books, as well as a variety of merchandise.
Minimal subtraction scheme
In quantum field theory, the minimal subtraction scheme, or MS scheme, is a particular renormalization scheme used to absorb the infinities that arise in perturbative calculations beyond leading order, introduced independently by Gerard 't Hooft and Steven Weinberg in 1973. The MS scheme consists of absorbing only the divergent part of the radiative corrections into the counterterms.

In the similar and more widely used modified minimal subtraction, or MS-bar scheme (MS), one absorbs the divergent part plus a universal constant that always arises along with the divergence in Feynman diagram calculations into the counterterms. When using dimensional regularization, i.e.  it is implemented by rescaling the renormalization scale:  with the Euler–Mascheroni constant,

Euler's constant
Euler's constant (sometimes called the Euler–Mascheroni constant) is a mathematical constant, usually denoted by the lowercase Greek letter gamma (γ), defined as the limiting difference between the harmonic series and the natural logarithm, denoted here by log:

Here, ⌊·⌋ represents the floor function.

The numerical value of Euler's constant, to 50 decimal places, is:
Dahuaqiao Dam
The Dahuaqiao Dam is a gravity dam on the Lancang (upper Mekong) River in Lanping Bai and Pumi Autonomous County of Yunnan Province, China. The primary purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power generation. Construction began in 2010 and its 900 MW hydroelectric power station was fully operational as of 2019.

Lanping Bai and Pumi Autonomous County
Lanping Bai and Pumi Autonomous County (simplified Chinese: 兰坪白族普米族自治县; traditional Chinese: 蘭坪白族普米族自治縣; pinyin: Lánpíng Báizú Pǔmǐzú Zìzhìxiàn; Bai: Ketdant Baifcuf Pupmipcuf zibzibxiand) is located in Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan province, China.
Bhagyada balegara
"Bhagyada balegara hogi ba" (Kannada: ಭಾಗ್ಯಾದ ಬಳೆಗಾರ ಹೋಗಿ ಬಾ, meaning Dear bangle seller, please go to my home town) is a popular Kannada folk song. The song is about a conversation between a newly married lady and a bangle seller. The lady asks the bangle seller to visit her parents' house, but the seller says that he does not know how to get there. The lady gives directions to her parents' hometown in a poetic way.

"Bhagyada balegara" is very popular in Karnataka and throughout South India. The song is a regular feature of folk music programmes in the state.

Many singers have covered this song, including K. S. Chitra, Madhu Balakrishnan, B. R. Chaya, SPB, Manjula Gururaj, Kasturi Shankar, Rathnamala Prakash, Nanditha, Shreya Ghoshal, Kunal Ganjawala, and Amma Ramachandra.

Kunal Ganjawala
Kunal Ganjawala (born 14 April 1972) is an Indian playback singer whose songs are mostly featured in Hindi, Bengali, Odia and Kannada films. He has also sung in Marathi, and other official languages of India. Kunal began his career by singing jingles. He came to limelight in Hindi cinema with the song "Bheege Honth Tere" from the film Murder in 2004. It was his first big hit. The song earned him Zee Cine Award as Best Playback Singer in 2005. He came to limelight in Kannada cinema with the song "Neene Neene" from the film Aakash in 2005.
School 13
School 13, also known as Boys Vocational High School and Buffalo Alternative High School, is a historic school building located at Buffalo in Erie County, New York.  It was built about 1915, and is a three-story, steel framed building sheathed in brick and terra cotta with Beaux-Arts style design elements.  The T-shaped building housed administrative offices, classrooms, a gymnasium, swimming pool, and two-story auditorium.  The building housed a school until 2003.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Buffalo Alternative High School
The Academy School 131 (also known as Alternative High School) is an alternative school located in Buffalo, New York. It has gone through two separate eras, and was located at 268 Oak Street in Downtown Buffalo. The original Buffalo Alternative High School was closed in 2003 due to budget cuts, with a new alternative high school program being re-opened in Buffalo in 2006.