hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1953 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting
Elections to the Baseball Hall of Fame for 1953 followed a radically new procedure. The institution appointed its Committee on Baseball Veterans, the famous "Veterans Committee", to meet in person and consider pioneers and executives, managers, umpires, and earlier major league players. Committees in the 1930s and 1940s had chosen several pioneers and executives, but this was the first direction of anyone's attention to field personnel other than players, the managers and umpires.

The first Veterans Committee met in closed sessions and elected six people: Ed Barrow, Chief Bender, Tommy Connolly, Bill Klem, Bobby Wallace, and Harry Wright. The Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA) voted by mail, per usual, to select from recent players and elected two, Dizzy Dean and Al Simmons. A formal induction ceremony was held in Cooperstown, New York, on July 27, 1953, with Commissioner of Baseball Ford Frick in attendance.

Ford Frick
Ford Christopher Frick (December 19, 1894 – April 8, 1978) was an American sportswriter and baseball executive. After working as a teacher and as a sportswriter for the New York American, he served as public relations director of the National League (NL) and then as the league's president from 1934 to 1951. He was the third commissioner of Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1951 to 1965.

While Frick was NL president, he had a major role in the establishment of the Baseball Hall of Fame as a museum that honors the best players in baseball history. He extinguished threats of a player strike in response to the racial integration of the major leagues. During Frick's term as commissioner, expansion occurred and MLB faced the threat of having its antitrust exemption revoked by Congress. He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1970. The Ford C. Frick Award recognizes outstanding MLB broadcasters.
Contributione facienda
In English law, contributione facienda is a writ which lies where several persons are jointly bound to the same thing, and one or more of them refuse to contribute their share.

For example, if tenants in common, or joint, hold a mill pro indiviso, and equally share the profits thereof; the mill falling to decay, and one or more of them refusing to contribute to its reparation, the rest shall have this writ to compel them.

English law
English law is the common law legal system of England and Wales, comprising mainly criminal law and civil law, each branch having its own courts and procedures. The judiciary is independent, and legal principles like fairness, equality before the law, and the right to a fair trial are foundational to the system.
Bolnes
Bolnes is a Dutch village in the municipality of Ridderkerk in the province of South Holland. It is situated on the island IJsselmonde on the south bank of the river Nieuwe Maas, just east of the junction with the Hollandse IJssel, bordering on the municipality of Rotterdam.  In 2004, 7300 people lived in Bolnes.

South Holland
South Holland (Dutch: Zuid-Holland [ˌzœyt ˈɦɔlɑnt] ⓘ) is a province of the Netherlands with a population of over 3.8 million as of January 2023 and a population density of about 1,410/km2 (3,700/sq mi), making it the country's most populous province and one of the world's most densely populated areas. Situated on the North Sea in the west of the Netherlands, South Holland covers an area of 3,308 km2 (1,277 sq mi), of which 609 km2 (235 sq mi) is water. It borders North Holland to the north, Utrecht and Gelderland to the east, and North Brabant and Zeeland to the south. The provincial capital is the Dutch seat of government The Hague, while its largest city is Rotterdam. The Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt delta drains through South Holland into the North Sea. Europe's busiest seaport, the Port of Rotterdam, is located in South Holland.
Pythias Russ
Pythias Russ (April 7, 1904 – August 9, 1930) was an American catcher, shortstop, and right-handed batter in the Negro leagues whose career and life were cut short by illness.

Russ was a star college athlete in baseball, basketball, and track and field. He was named an All-American football player in 1924. Candy Jim Taylor signed him to play for the Memphis Red Sox for the 1925 season, where he split catching duties with Larry Brown and hit .327. He moved to the Chicago American Giants in 1926 and hit .268 that season. In 1927, Russ batted .350 and was 8 for 35 in the 1927 Colored World Series.

Russ switched to shortstop in 1928 and hit .405 to win the NNL batting title, and hit .407 in the postseason to help Chicago to the league championship. In 1929, he hit .386 to finish second in that category, and hit 11 triples. He fell ill with tuberculosis early in 1930 and died in August of that year. His lifetime batting average in the Negro leagues was .350.

Chicago American Giants
The Chicago American Giants were a Chicago-based Negro league baseball team. From 1910 until the mid-1930s, the American Giants were the most dominant team in black baseball. Owned and managed from 1911 to 1926 by player-manager Andrew "Rube" Foster, they were charter members of Foster's Negro National League. The American Giants won five pennants in that league, along with another pennant in the 1932 Negro Southern League and a second-half championship in Gus Greenlee's Negro National League in 1934.
Bobby Brewer
Robert Brewer (1963 – June 11, 2024) was an American pastor, author, and talk radio personality based in Phoenix, Arizona. In addition to being the co-host of a Christian radio show and pastor, he was known for being an Evangelical Christian who witnessed the 1997 Phoenix Lights. In 2002, he wrote an article for the Christian Research Journal. In 2022, he wrote a book, UFOs: 12 Things You Should Know (A Christian Perspective) (ISBN 9781640795617), in which he gave his assessment of the phenomenon.

Christian Research Institute
The Christian Research Institute (CRI) is an evangelical Christian apologetics ministry. It was established in October 1960 in the state of New Jersey by Walter Martin (1928–1989). In 1974, Martin relocated the ministry to San Juan Capistrano, California. The ministry's office was relocated in the 1990s near Rancho Santa Margarita. In 2005, the organization moved to its present location in Charlotte, North Carolina.
Amur Front
The Amur Front  of the Far Eastern Republic (Russian: Амурский фронт ДВР) was a front of the People's Revolutionary Army of the Far Eastern Republic during the Russian Civil War in Transbaikal.

It was created on April 22, 1920, on base of the partisan formations of the Eastern Transbaikal Front. Its operative area consisted of the following towns: Nerchinsk, Nerchinsky Zavod, Sretensk, Blagoveshchensk, Onon, and Khabarovsk. The Amur Front's headquarters was in Blagoveshchensk.

Khabarovsk
Khabarovsk (Russian: Хабаровск [xɐˈbarəfsk] ⓘ) is the largest city and the administrative centre of Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, located 30 kilometers (19 mi) from the China–Russia border, at the confluence of the Amur and Ussuri Rivers, about 800 kilometers (500 mi) north of Vladivostok. As of the 2021 Russian census, it had a population of 617,441. It was known as Khabarovka until 1893.

The city was the administrative center of the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia from 2002 until December 2018, when the status was given to Vladivostok. As is typical of the interior of the Russian Far East, Khabarovsk has an extreme climate with strong seasonal swings resulting in strong, cold winters and relatively hot and humid summers.
Kolga Nature Reserve
Kolga Nature Reserve is a nature reserve situated in south-western Estonia, in Pärnu County.

Kolga Nature Reserve protects a number of sand dunes, overgrown with forests. The sand dunes were formed from sediments from the Baltic Ice Lake and Ancylus Lake, i.e. after the last ice age. Species in the nature reserve includes white-tailed eagle, eagle owl and pygmy owl. The flora includes several species of orchid.

Ancylus Lake
Ancylus Lake is a name given by geologists to a large freshwater lake that existed in northern Europe approximately from 8,750 to 7,850 years BC, being in effect one of various predecessors to the modern Baltic Sea.
Irish Baroque Orchestra
The Irish Baroque Orchestra is an early music ensemble based in  Ireland. Irish Baroque Orchestra is Ireland’s only professional period instrument orchestra. It was established in 1996 by Mark Duley and Thérèse Timoney. The artistic director is currently Peter Whelan.

The orchestra presents a season of concerts annually along with a number of one off events.  The orchestra is funded annually by the Arts Council of Ireland, Dublin City Council and is a resident of the National Concert Hall, Dublin.

Irish Baroque Orchestra's annual sell out performances of Handel's Messiah are a highlight of Ireland's musical calendar. IBO records on Linn records and in April 2019 will release their forthcoming disc, Welcome Home Mr Dubourg.

It performs across the country, taking residency at the Ardee Baroque Festival each November in Ardee, County Louth. In 2009 the orchestra performed in the Dublin Handel Festival.

County Louth
County Louth (/laʊð/ LOWDH; Irish: Contae Lú) is a coastal county in the Eastern and Midland Region of Ireland, within the province of Leinster. Louth is bordered by the counties of Meath to the south, Monaghan to the west, Armagh to the north and Down to the north-east, across Carlingford Lough. It is the smallest county in Ireland by land area and the 17th most populous, with just over 139,100 residents as of 2022. The county is named after the village of Louth. Louth County Council is the local authority for the county.
Poecilimon nonveilleri
Poecilimon nonveilleri, also known as Nonveiller's bright bush-cricket, is a species of bush cricket belonging to the family Tettigoniidae, subfamily Phaneropterinae. It is found in Montenegro, and was named in honour of noted Croatian entomologist Guido Nonveiller.

Tegmen
A tegmen (pl.: tegmina) designates the modified leathery front wing on an insect particularly in the orders Dermaptera (earwigs), Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets and similar families), Mantodea (praying mantis), Phasmatodea (stick and leaf insects) and Blattodea (cockroaches).

It is also a term used in botany to describe the delicate inner protective layer of a seed, and in zoology to describe a stiff membrane on the upper surface of the crown of a crinoid.

In vertebrate anatomy it denotes a plate of thin bone forming the roof of the middle ear.
Schlieferspitze
The Schlieferspitze is a mountain, 3,290 m (AA), on the ridge known as the Krimmler Kamm in the Venediger Group of the Alps. The ridge lies in the northwest of the High Tauern, part of the Austrian Central Alps in the Austrian federal state of Salzburg. The summit is the highest on the Krimmler Kamm and is described in the sources as one of the most attractive peaks in the Venediger Group. From the valleys of the Krimmler Achental to the southwest and the Obersulzbachtal to the northeast it appears as an extremely dominant mountain. Long and evenly formed arêtes, about two kilometres long, run from the summit to the northwest, northeast, southeast and southwest. The mountain was first ascended on 22 August 1871 by Eduard Richter, professor of geography at the University of Graz, and Johann Stüdl, a merchant from Prague and co-founder of the German Alpine Club.

High Tauern
The High Tauern (pl.; German: Hohe Tauern, Italian: Alti Tauri) are a mountain range on the main chain of the Central Eastern Alps, comprising the highest peaks east of the Brenner Pass. The crest forms the southern border of the Austrian states of Salzburg, Carinthia and East Tyrol, with a small part in the southwest belongs to the Italian province of South Tyrol. The range includes Austria's highest mountain, the Grossglockner at 3,798 metres (12,461 ft) above the Adriatic.

In the east, the range is adjoined by the Lower Tauern. For the etymology of the name, see Tauern.
AFIB Technology
AFIB Technology (sometimes referred to as Microlife AFIB Technology) is a feature in sphygmomanometer devices that is designed to detect and monitor the incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients. The technology was designed, patented, and is currently used by the Microlife Corporation. It has been the subject of numerous medical studies and has been validated for in-home and clinical use. It can be found in several Microlife devices, including the WatchBP Home A, BP A200 Plus, WatchBP Office, and WatchBP O3.

Sphygmomanometer
A sphygmomanometer (/ˌsfɪɡmoʊməˈnɒmɪtər/ SFIG-moh-mə-NO-mi-tər), also known as a blood pressure monitor, blood pressure machine, or blood pressure gauge, is a device used to measure blood pressure, composed of an inflatable cuff to collapse and then release the artery under the cuff in a controlled manner, and a mercury or aneroid manometer to measure the pressure. Manual sphygmomanometers are used with a stethoscope when using the auscultatory technique.

A sphygmomanometer consists of an inflatable cuff, a measuring unit (the mercury manometer, or aneroid gauge), and a mechanism for inflation which may be a manually operated bulb and valve or a pump operated electrically.
Royal Flight (airline)
Joint stock company Royal Flight Airlines (Russian: АО «Авиакомпания «Роял Флайт»), formerly Abakan-Avia (Russian: ЗАО «Авиакомпания «Абакан-Авиа»), was a charter airline based in Abakan, Republic of Khakassia, Russia. It operated charter services between Russian cities and various holiday destinations in Asia, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and the Caribbean. Its main base was the Abakan Airport (ABA).

Khakassia
Khakassia (/xəˈkæsiə, kə-/), officially the Republic of Khakassia, is a republic of Russia located in southern Siberia. It is situated between Krasnoyarsk Krai to the north and the Altai Republic to the south.

The capital city of Khakassia is Abakan, and the region covers an area of about 61,900 square kilometres (23,900 sq mi). The population of Khakassia is approximately 537,000 people, with the majority of the population living in urban areas.

The region is known for its natural beauty, with numerous rivers, lakes, and mountains. The Khakassky Nature Reserve is located in the region, and it is home to a wide variety of wildlife, including brown bears, wolves, and sable. The region is also known for its traditional crafts, such as woodworking and embroidery, and for its traditional festivals and celebrations.

On July 3, 1991, the region was transformed into an autonomous republic within the RSFSR. It has had its current name since the beginning of 1992.
Mercy Island
Mercy Island is a 1941 American drama film directed by William Morgan and starring Ray Middleton, Gloria Dickson and Otto Kruger. It was nominated at the 14th Academy Awards, held in 1941, for Best Score of a Dramatic Picture, for which Walter Scharf and Cy Feuer received nominations.

Academy Award for Best Original Score
The Academy Award for Best Original Score is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) to the best substantial body of music in the form of dramatic underscoring written specifically for the film by the submitting composer. Some pre-existing music is allowed, though, but a contending film must include a minimum of original music. This minimum since 2021 is established as 35% of the music, which is raised to 80% for sequels and franchise films. Fifteen scores are shortlisted before nominations are announced.
2021–22 EuroCup Basketball
The 2021–22 EuroCup Basketball season was the 20th season of Euroleague Basketball's secondary level professional club basketball tournament. It was the 14th season since it was renamed from the ULEB Cup to the EuroCup, and the sixth season under the title sponsorship name of 7DAYS.

Virtus Bologna defeated Bursaspor Basketbol in the final, which was played at the Segafredo Arena in Bologna, to win their first EuroCup title. As winners, Virtus automatically qualified for the 2022–23 EuroLeague.

The defending champions were AS Monaco, who were unable to defend their title as they played in the 2021–22 EuroLeague.

Sponsor (commercial)
Sponsoring something (or someone) is the act of supporting an event, activity, person, or organization financially or through the provision of products or services. The individual or group that provides the support, similar to a benefactor, is known as the sponsor.
Khirbet Humsa al-Fawqa
Khirbet Humsa al-Fawqa (Arabic: خربة حمصة الفوقا), also known simply as Khirbet Humsa or just al-Humsa, is a Palestinian Bedouin village that is located in Tubas Governorate of Palestine, in the northern Jordan Valley, in the northeast of the West Bank. It forms one of the three villages of the al-Bikai'a cluster that includes the three hamlets of Khirbet al-'Atuf, al-Hadidiyah, and Khirbet Humsa al-Fawqa.

Tubas Governorate
The Tubas Governorate (Arabic: محافظة طوباس, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Ṭūbās) is an administrative district of Palestine, in the northeastern West Bank. Its district capital or muhfaza is the city of Tubas. In 2007, the population was 50,267, raising to 60,927 in 2017.
Flag of Vermont
The flag of the U.S. state of Vermont displays the state's coat of arms and motto ("Freedom and Unity") on a rectangular blue background. The Vermont General Assembly adopted the flag on June 1, 1923.

Vermont has had three official state flags. Prior to a state flag, the flag of the Green Mountain Boys was used as an unofficial flag. Vermont adopted its first state flag that looked similar to the flag of the United States, with red and white stripes and a blue canton. It was later changed to be dissimilar to avoid confusion. Proposals have been considered to revert the flag to the Green Mountain Boys' design, but none have succeeded.

State flag
In vexillology, a state flag is either the flag of the government of a sovereign state (and can also be referred as a government flag and likely interchangeable with a national flag in certain scenarios), or the flag of an individual federated state (subnational administrative division).
Bucklin voting
Bucklin voting is a class of voting methods that can be used for single-member and multi-member districts. As in highest median rules like the majority judgment, the Bucklin winner will be one of the candidates with the highest median ranking or rating. It is named after its original promoter, the Georgist politician James W. Bucklin of Grand Junction, Colorado, and is also known as the Grand Junction system.

Majority
A majority is more than half of a total; however, the term is commonly used with other meanings, as explained in the "Related terms" section below.

It is a subset of a set consisting of more than half of the set's elements. For example, if a group consists of 31 individuals, a majority would be 16 or more individuals, while having 15 or fewer individuals would not constitute a majority.

A majority is different from, but often confused with, a plurality (or relative majority in British English), which is a subset larger than any other subset but not necessarily more than half the set. See the "Related terms" section below for details.
23S rRNA (adenine2503-C2,C8)-dimethyltransferase
23S rRNA (adenine2503-C2,C8)-dimethyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.194, Cfr, Cfr methyltransferase, Cfr rRNA methyltransferase) is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:23S rRNA (adenine2503-C2,C8)-dimethyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + adenine2503 in 23S rRNA  2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2,8-dimethyladenine2503 in 23S rRNA

This enzyme contains an [4Fe-S] cluster.

Ribosomal RNA
Ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA which is the primary component of ribosomes, essential to all cells. rRNA is a ribozyme which carries out protein synthesis in ribosomes. Ribosomal RNA is transcribed from ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and then bound to ribosomal proteins to form small and large ribosome subunits. rRNA is the physical and mechanical factor of the ribosome that forces transfer RNA (tRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) to process and translate the latter into proteins. Ribosomal RNA is the predominant form of RNA found in most cells; it makes up about 80% of cellular RNA despite never being translated into proteins itself. Ribosomes are composed of approximately 60% rRNA and 40% ribosomal proteins, though this ratio differs between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Ziad El-Sissy
Ziad El-Sissy (born 15 December 1994) is an Egyptian fencer. He won the gold medal in the men's individual sabre event at the 2022 Mediterranean Games held in Oran, Algeria. He represented Egypt at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan.

2022 Mediterranean Games
The 2022 Mediterranean Games (Arabic: ألعاب البحر الأبيض المتوسط 2022, romanized: ʾAlʿāb al-Baḥr al-ʾAbyaḍ al-Mutawassiṭ 2022), officially known as the XIX Mediterranean Games and commonly known as Oran 2022, was an international multi-sport event held from 25 June to 6 July 2022 in Oran, Algeria. Oran was announced as the host city at the ICMG General Assembly in Pescara, Italy, on 15 August 2015. They were supposed to take place in 2021, but they were delayed to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. 3,298 athletes (2,014 men and 1,284 women) took part in the games. When the event held in 2022, this cycle become the 4-year cycle of the event.
Donta Smith
Donta Lamont Smith (born November 27, 1983) is an American-Venezuelan professional basketball player for Trotamundos de Carabobo of the Venezuelan Superliga Profesional de Baloncesto (SPB). Playing for Maccabi Haifa, he was named the 2014 Israeli Basketball Premier League MVP.

Superliga Profesional de Baloncesto
The Superliga Profesional de Baloncesto, commonly known as the SPB, is the Venezuelan first division national professional basketball league. Founded in 1974 as the Liga Especial de Baloncesto, it adopted the name Liga Profesional de Baloncesto in the 1993 season, and the name SuperLiga in 2019. Marinos are the team with most championships with 11. The winners and runners-up of each LPB season qualify for the FIBA Americas League regular season.

The 2018 season was the last played with the name Liga Profesional de Baloncesto: in 2019 a new competition called Copa LPB was played. In late 2019 the president of the Venezuelan Basketball Federation Hanthony Coello announced the creation of a new league called SuperLiga Profesional de Baloncesto.
Pre-Pottery Neolithic
The Pre-Pottery Neolithic (PPN) represents the early Neolithic in the Near East, dating to c. 12,000 – c. 8,500 years ago, (10000 – 6500 BCE). It succeeds the Natufian culture of the Epipalaeolithic Near East (also called Mesolithic), as the domestication of plants and animals was in its formative stages, having possibly been induced by the Younger Dryas.

The Pre-Pottery Neolithic culture came to an end around the time of the 8.2-kiloyear event, a cool spell centred on 6200 BCE that lasted several hundred years. It is succeeded by the Pottery Neolithic.

Ayn Ghazal (archaeological site)
Ayn Ghazal (Arabic: عين غزال, romanized: ʿayn ġazāl) is a Neolithic archaeological site located in Amman, Jordan, about 2 km (1.24 mi) north-west of Amman Civil Airport. The site is remarkable for being the place where the ʿAin Ghazal statues were found, which are among the oldest large-sized statues ever discovered. It lies on the banks of the Seil Amman stream, near the point it flows into the Zarqa River.