hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Coudenberg group
The Coudenberg group (Dutch: Coudenberggroep, French: Groupe Coudenberg) was a Belgian federalist think-tank, it was named after the place where the members met, the Coudenberg, one of the seven hillocks on which the centre of Brussels has been built. President of the organization was the lawyer Jean-Pierre De Bandt.

Coudenberg
The Coudenberg (French) or Koudenberg (Dutch) is a street in central Brussels, Belgium. It runs from the Rue Ravenstein/Ravensteinstraat to the Rue Villa Hermosa/Villa Hermosastraat and forms the only surviving part of a once longer artery. It takes its name from the historic Coudenberg hill, associated with the former ducal palace.
Systat (BSD)
systat is a BSD UNIX console application for displaying system statistics in fullscreen mode using ncurses/curses.  It is available on, and by default ships in the base systems of, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD and DragonFly BSD.  It was first released as part of 4.3BSD in 1986 (1986).

Both internally and in the interface of the user the utility consists of several distinct modules and tabs, referred to as "displays" in FreeBSD, NetBSD and DragonFly, and "views" in OpenBSD, which are automatically refreshed every specified number of seconds.  These modules cover all system components, including statistics resembling vmstat, iostat and netstat in all of the BSDs, as well as pf and sensors views in some of the BSDs.  The systat utility is notably absent from OS X, where a GUI-based Activity Monitor performs similar functions.

History of the Berkeley Software Distribution
The history of the Berkeley Software Distribution began in the 1970s when University of California, Berkeley received a copy of Unix. Professors and students at the university began adding software to the operating system and released it as BSD to select universities. Since it contained proprietary Unix code, it originally had to be distributed subject to AT&T licenses. The bundled software from AT&T was then rewritten and released as free software under the BSD license. However, this resulted in a lawsuit with Unix System Laboratories, the AT&T subsidiary responsible for Unix. Eventually, in the 1990s, the final versions of BSD were publicly released without any proprietary licenses, which led to many descendants of the operating system that are still maintained today.
Ur of the Chaldees
Ur Kasdim (Hebrew: אוּר כַּשְׂדִּים, romanized: ʾŪr Kaśdīm), commonly translated as Ur of the Chaldees, is a city mentioned in the Hebrew Bible as the birthplace of Abraham, the patriarch of the Israelites and the Ishmaelites. In 1862, Henry Rawlinson identified Ur Kaśdim with Tell el-Muqayyar (Ur) near Nasiriyah in the Baghdad Eyalet of Ottoman Iraq. In 1927, Leonard Woolley excavated the site and identified it as a Sumerian archaeological site where the Chaldeans were to settle around the 9th century BC. Recent archaeology work has continued to focus on the location in Nasiriyah, where the ancient Ziggurat of Ur is located.

Other sites traditionally thought to be Abraham's birthplace are in the vicinity of the city of Edessa (now Urfa in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey).

Sir Henry Rawlinson, 1st Baronet
Sir Henry Creswicke Rawlinson, 1st Baronet, GCB FRS KLS (5 April 1810 – 5 March 1895) was a British East India Company army officer, politician, and Orientalist, sometimes described as the Father of Assyriology. His son, also Henry, was to become a senior commander in the British Army during the First World War.
Billboard Live Music Awards
The Billboard Live Music Awards (previously known as the Billboard Touring Conference and Awards until 2018) is an annual meeting sponsored by Billboard magazine that honors the top international live entertainment industry artists and professionals. Established in 2004, it has thus been described as "part industry conference, part awards show".

The last such annual event appears to have been in 2019; it is unclear if the conference and awards have, or will, continue past that year.

Many of the awards are based on Billboard's Boxscore chart tracking concert, comedy and other live entertainment attendance and gate receipts, and on real box office performance.  As a result, the awards often equate to commercial success. The "top tour" superlative award is also given on the basis of fan polls. The "Legend of Live" and Humanitarian awards are given to individuals for their ongoing contributions to the live entertainment touring industry.

The O2 Arena
The O2 Arena, commonly known as the O2, is a multi-purpose indoor arena in the centre of The O2 entertainment district on the Greenwich Peninsula in southeast London, England. It opened in its present form in 2007. It has the third-highest seating capacity of any indoor venue in the United Kingdom, behind Co-op Live and Manchester Arena, and in 2008 was the world's busiest music arena.

The arena and broader complex were built within the former Millennium Dome, a large dome-shaped building intended for an exhibition celebrating the turn of the third millennium. As of 2022, it is the ninth-largest building in the world by volume with a diameter of 365 metres (399 yards) and a height of 52 metres (57 yards). It is named after its primary sponsor, the telecommunications company O2, a subsidiary of Virgin Media O2. The nearest tube station is North Greenwich on the Jubilee line.
Ait Zineb
Ait Zineb is a commune in the Ouarzazate Province of the Souss-Massa-Drâa administrative region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 9233 people living in 1518 households.

Souss-Massa-Drâa
Souss-Massa-Drâa (Arabic: سوس ماسة درعة) was formerly one of the sixteen regions of Morocco from 1997 to 2015. It covered an area of 70,880 km2 and had a population of 3,601,917 (2014 census). The capital is Agadir. One of the major languages spoken in this region of Morocco is tasoussit variant of Tashelhit.
Adrian Room
Adrian Richard West Room (27 September 1933, Melksham – 6 November 2010, Stamford, Lincolnshire) was a British toponymist and onomastician, a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society and a prolific author of reference works relating primarily to the origins of words and place-names.

Between 1952 and 1979, Room served in the Royal Naval Reserve, Special Branch, retiring as a lieutenant commander. Before becoming a full-time author, he was employed at King's College School, Cambridge, where he taught modern languages and was a senior house master. He later, until 1984, worked as a senior lecturer in Russian for the Ministry of Defence.

Stamford, Lincolnshire
Stamford is a market town and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population at the 2011 census was 19,701 and estimated at 20,645 in 2019. The town has 17th- and 18th-century stone buildings, older timber-framed buildings and five medieval parish churches.

Stamford is a frequent film location. In 2013 it was rated a top place to live in a survey by The Sunday Times. Its name has been passed on to Stamford, Connecticut, founded in 1641.
Pattikonda
Pattikonda is a town in Pattikonda mandal of Kurnool district in Andhra Pradesh, India. It is under the administration of Pattikonda revenue division. It is located 80 km away from Kurnool, 35 km from Adoni town and 35 km from Guntakal Town.

Pattikonda revenue division
Pattikonda revenue division is an administrative division in the Kurnool district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is one of the 3 revenue divisions in this district with 9 mandals under its administration. This division is formed on 4 April 2022.
Matchless Silver Arrow
The Matchless Silver Arrow was a motorcycle made by Matchless from late 1929 to 1933. It had a cast iron head monoblock side-valve, 400 cc, 18° V-twin with chain drive, designed by racer Charlie Collier.

Charlie Collier
Charles Richard Collier (1885–1954) of Plumstead, London, was a British motorcycle racer famous for winning Isle of Man TT races twice in his career. After competing in the 1906 International Cup Races on the European continent, Charlie Collier became the first Isle of Man TT race winner in 1907.

Along with his brother Harry he raced Matchless motorcycles manufactured by his father's company, H.Collier & Sons.

After setting a number of world motorcycle records on Matchless machines, Charlie Collier won another Isle of Man TT race in 1910 and later became the first competitor to be disqualified from a race for illegal refuelling. Charlie Collier later became a joint managing director of AJS and Matchless motorcycles and died in 1954.
Chalepophyllum
Chalepophyllum is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The single species, Chalepophyllum guyanense, occurs in Guyana and southern Venezuela.

This species is a low, branching shrub with somewhat rounded, leathery leaves. The inflorescence is made up of one to five flowers located in the leaf axils. The flowers are variable in shape and size but are generally funnel-shaped and white in color. The fruit is a woody capsule.

This plant grows in wet scrub and cloud forests.

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
Zoufftgen train collision
The 2006 Zoufftgen train collision occurred around 11.45 am on 11 October 2006, near Zoufftgen, Moselle, France, some 20 metres (66 ft) from the border with Luxembourg, on the Metz–Luxembourg railway line. Two trains collided head-on while one track of a double track line was out of service for maintenance. Six people, including the drivers of both trains, were killed: two Luxembourgers and four French. Twenty more were injured in the collision, two seriously.

Metz–Luxembourg railway
The Metz–Luxembourg railway is a 72-kilometre-long (45 mi) French/Luxembourgish railway line, that connects the French Lorraine region to Luxembourg. The railway was opened between 1854 and 1859. It is an important international railway connection. The part in Luxembourg is designated as CFL Line 90.
Mother of All Asia – Tower of Peace
The Mother of All Asia–Tower of Peace is a monument shrine dedicated to the Virgin Mary as a symbol of unity and peace in Asia and the whole world. It is located at the center of the eight-hectare pilgrimage site called Montemaria International Pilgrimage & Conference Center in Sitio Montemaria, Barangay Pagkilatan, Batangas City, Philippines. It is the world's tallest statue of the Virgin Mary at 98.15 m (322.0 ft) which includes the plinth/building it stands on.

Shrines to Mary, mother of Jesus
A shrine to the Virgin Mary, or Marian shrine, is a shrine marking an apparition or other miracle ascribed to the Blessed Virgin Mary, or a site centered on historically strong Marian devotions. Such locales are often the destinations of Christian pilgrimages.
Syd Butler
Syd Butler (born August 15, 1972) is an American musician and co-founder of the indie rock and post-hardcore band Les Savy Fav. In 1999, he founded Frenchkiss Records. Butler also served as the bassist for the 8G Band, the house band for Late Night with Seth Meyers, from 2014 to 2024.

The Dodos
The Dodos are an American indie rock band, consisting of guitarist and singer Meric Long and drummer Logan Kroeber. Originating from the San Francisco Bay Area, the duo has released eight studio albums over a fifteen-year span since their formation in 2005.
Hoar (surname)
Hoar is an English surname, a variant of Hoare, and is derived from the Middle English hor(e) meaning grey- or white-haired. Notable people with the surname include:

Ebenezer R. Hoar (1816–1895), influential American politician and lawyer

George Frisbie Hoar (1826–1904), prominent United States politician

Harold Frank Hoar (1909–1976), British architect and cartoonist (as 'Acanthus')

Joseph P. Hoar (1934-2022), retired U.S. Marine Corps general

Leonard Hoar (1630–1675), early American clergyman and educator

Rockwood Hoar (1855–1906), member of the United States House of Representatives

Roger Sherman Hoar (1887–1963), former state senator and assistant Attorney General of Massachusetts

Samuel Hoar (1778–1856), United States lawyer and politician

Sherman Hoar (1860–1898), American lawyer

Syd Hoar (1895–1967), English footballer

Thomas Bertie (1758–1825), Royal Navy officer born Thomas Hoar

Ebenezer R. Hoar
Ebenezer Rockwood Hoar (February 21, 1816 – January 31, 1895) was an American politician, lawyer, and jurist from Massachusetts. He served as U.S. Attorney General from 1869 to 1870, and was the first head of the newly created Department of Justice. Hoar assisted President Ulysses S. Grant in appointing two United States Supreme Court justices and was himself nominated to the Court. His nomination was rejected by the United States Senate, in part for his positions on patronage reform. In 1871, Hoar was appointed by Grant to the United States high commission that negotiated the Treaty of Washington between the U.S. and the United Kingdom, helping to settle the Alabama Claims.
Arno Rutte
Arno Rutte  (born 24 April 1972 in Hengelo) is a Dutch politician. As a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD), he was an MP between 20 September 2012 and 13 October 2019, after he had announced his departure in August 2019. Between September 2025 and February 2026, he was state secretary for legal protection in the demissionary Schoof cabinet.

Previously, he was a member of the municipal council of Groningen from 2010 to 2012. 
He is also the singer of the band 'Hairy Harry & The Ladyshavers'.

He is unrelated to former Prime Minister and Party Leader Mark Rutte.

Municipal council (Netherlands)
In the Netherlands, the municipal council (Dutch: gemeenteraad [ɣəˈmeːn.təˌraːt] ⓘ) is the elected assembly of a municipality. Its main role is laying down the guidelines for the policy of the municipal executive and exercising control over its execution by the mayor and aldermen.

The municipal councils range in size from nine to 45 seats (as in Amsterdam, the capital city), depending on the municipality's population, and are elected by the population every four years. In many municipalities all major political parties contest in the election in addition to local parties. In most major, urban municipalities, all major parties are represented in the municipal council, while in smaller and more rural municipalities, only the largest parties and a local party have seats in the municipal council.
United States Air Force Memorial
The United States Air Force Memorial honors the service of the personnel of the United States Air Force and its heritage organizations.  The Memorial is located in Arlington County, Virginia, on the former grounds of the Navy Annex near the Pentagon and Arlington National Cemetery. The Memorial is southwest of the intersection of Columbia Pike and South Joyce Street and is accessible from the north side of Columbia Pike. It was the last project of American architect James Ingo Freed (known for the design of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum) with the firm Pei Cobb Freed & Partners.

Pei Cobb Freed & Partners
Pei Cobb Freed & Partners is an American architectural firm based in New York City, founded in 1955 by I. M. Pei and other associates. The firm has received numerous awards for its work.

The firm provides architectural services, as well as planning and urban design.

The firm has changed names twice:

1955 – Originally I. M. Pei & Associates, founded by I. M. Pei, Eason H. Leonard, and Henry N. Cobb

1966 – Renamed I. M. Pei & Partners

1989 – Renamed Pei Cobb Freed & Partners
Kuijpers
Kuijpers or Kuypers is a Dutch surname corresponding to the English Cooper. Variant spellings are Kuipers, Kuiper, and Cuypers.

Notable people with the surname Kuijpers or Kuypers include:

Eddy Kuijpers (1914–1992), Dutch fencer

Evy Kuijpers (born 1995), Dutch racing cyclist

Franciscus Kuijpers  (born 1941), Dutch chess player

Hans Kuypers (1925–1988), Dutch neuroscientist

Henk Kuijpers (born 1946), Dutch comics artist

Jan-Hein Kuijpers (born 1968), Dutch lawyer and columnist

Jim A. Kuypers, American communications academic

Julien Kuypers (1892–1967), Belgian civil servant and author

Leonard Kuypers (1899–1988), Dutch fencer

Paul Kuijpers (1939–1971), Dutch agriculture expert

Pierre Kuijpers (born 1945), Dutch conductor and oboist

Pieter Kuijpers (born 1968), Dutch director, screenwriter and producer

Rik Kuypers (1925–2019), Belgian film director

Stephanus Kuijpers (1899–1986), bishop of Paramaribo 1958–1971

Paramaribo
Paramaribo is the capital and largest city of Suriname, located on the banks of the Suriname River in the Paramaribo District. Paramaribo has a population of roughly 252,581 people as of 2025 estimate, almost half of Suriname's population. The historic inner city of Paramaribo has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2002.
Ntando
Ntando is a given name. Notable people with the given name include:

Ntando Kebe (born 1988), South African rugby union player

Ntando Maduna (born 1992), South African politician

Ntando Emmanuel Magubane (fl. 1999–2014), South African politician

Ntando Mahlangu (born 2002), South African Paralympic athlete

Ntando Mncube (born 1986), South African actor, singer, and dancer

Ntando Phahla (born 2006), South African soccer player

Ntando Rambani née Duma (born 1995), South African actress, television personality, and model

Ntando Kebe
Ntando Lucky Kebe (born 19 August 1988) is a South African rugby union player, who most recently played domestic Currie Cup rugby with the Border Bulldogs and Super Rugby with the Southern Kings. His regular position is scrum-half.
Kore ga Watashi no Ikiru Michi
"Kore ga Watashi no Ikiru Michi" (これが私の生きる道; "This Is the Way That I Live") is the 2nd single released by the Japanese pop duo Puffy AmiYumi on October 7, 1996. It sold over 1.5 million copies and was their first #1 hit. They won "Japan Record Award for Best New Artist" in 1996.

It is known in American releases as being titled '"That's the Way It Is"' in An Illustrated History and the album Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi, although not a direct translation of the song title.

A Mandarin version of the song was released as a single in China and Taiwan in late 1998 and can be found on their compilation album The Very Best of Puffy/amiyumi Jet Fever. A remix of this version is also on their 2003 remix album PRMX Turbo.

Japan Record Awards
The Japan Record Awards (日本レコード大賞, Nihon Rekōdo Taishō) is a major music awards show, held annually in Japan that recognizes outstanding achievements in the Japan Composer's Association. Established in 1959, the Japan Record Awards are one of the oldest and most prestigious music awards in the country.

Until 2005, the show aired on New Year's Eve, but has since aired every December 30 on TBS Japan at 6:30 pm JST and is hosted by many announcers. Exile holds the record for most Grand Prix wins, with four awards.
USS Miami (SSN-811)
USS Miami (SSN-811) will be a Virginia-class nuclear-powered attack submarine of the United States Navy, the tenth of the Block V boats and the 38th of her class overall.

The submarine was ordered in March 2021 for $2.4 billion. Her name was announced on 8 May 2024 by Secretary of the Navy Carlos Del Toro during the Miami Fleet Week with city native and singer Gloria Estefan as her sponsor.

Fleet Week
Fleet Week is a United States Navy, United States Marine Corps, and United States Coast Guard tradition in which active military ships recently deployed in overseas operations dock in a variety of major cities for one week. Once the ships dock, the crews can enter the city and visit its tourist attractions. At certain hours, the public can take a guided tour of the ships. Often, Fleet Week is accompanied by military demonstrations and air shows such as those provided by the Blue Angels.
Gillsvannet
Gillsvannet or Gjelsvannet is a freshwater lake in the municipality of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway.  The 1.05-square-kilometre (260-acre) lake is located about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) northeast of downtown Kristiansand, along to County Road 452.  The lake lies about 300 metres (980 ft) west of the Topdalsfjorden, at an elevation of about 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) above sea level.  There is a practice range for kayaking on the lake as well as many areas used for swimming during the summer season. The Gimlekollen district lies on the southern shore of the lake and the village of Justvik lies just north of the lake.

Kayaking
Kayaking is the use of a kayak for moving over water. It is distinguished from canoeing by the sitting position of the paddler and the number of blades on the paddle. A kayak is a low-to-the-water, canoe-like boat in which the paddler sits facing forward, legs in front, using a double-bladed paddle to pull front-to-back on one side and then the other in rotation. Most kayaks have closed decks, although sit-on-top and inflatable kayaks are growing in popularity as well.
Bedside Manner (film)
Bedside Manner is a 1945 American comedy film directed by Andrew L. Stone and starring John Carroll, Ruth Hussey, Charles Ruggles and Ann Rutherford. It is based on a 1944 Saturday Evening Post story of the same name by Robert Carson and was distributed by United Artists. The film was re-released in 1950 by Astor Pictures under the title Her Favorite Patient.

Astor Pictures
Astor Pictures was an American motion picture distribution company operating from 1930 to 1963. Founded by Robert M. Savini, it specialized in film re-releases. It later released independently made productions, including some of its own films made during the 1950s.
Papiermark
The Papiermark (German: [paˈpiːɐ̯ˌmaʁk] ⓘ; lit. 'paper mark') was a derisive term for the Mark (sign: ℳ︁) after it went off the gold standard, and most specifically with the era of hyperinflation in Germany of 1922 and 1923.  Formally, the same German mark was used from 1871 to 1923.  Like many countries, Germany departed the gold standard due to the outbreak of World War I, and stopped issuing gold coins backed in marks in August 1914.  Precious metals rapidly disappeared from circulation, and inflation occurred as paper money was used to cover war debts in 1914 to 1918.  Still, the papiermark is more associated with the early Weimar Republic era, when inflation grew out of control.  By the time the mark was retired from circulation and renominated in December 1923, banknotes had amounts in the billions and trillions of marks by face value.

Currency symbol
A currency symbol or currency sign is a graphic symbol used to denote a currency unit. Usually it is defined by a monetary authority, such as the national central bank for the currency concerned.

A symbol may be positioned in various ways, according to national convention: before, after or between the numeric amounts: $2.50, 2,50€ and 250.

Symbols are neither defined nor listed by international standard ISO 4217, which only assigns three-letter codes.

The generic currency sign, used as a placeholder, is ¤.