hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Zorkul
Zorkul (Dari: زارکول; Pashto: زارکول; Tajik: Зоркӯл, romanized: Zārkul) is a lake in the Pamir Mountains that runs along the border between the Wakhan District in Badakhshan Province of Afghanistan and the Gorno-Badakhshan autonomous region of Tajikistan. It is part of both the Wakhan National Park of Afghanistan and the Tajik National Park.

Gorno-Badakhshan
38°0′N 73°0′E﻿ / ﻿38.000°N 73.000°E﻿ / 38.000; 73.000

Gorno-Badakhshan, officially the Badakhshan Mountainous Autonomous Region, is an autonomous region in eastern Tajikistan, in the Pamir Mountains. It makes up nearly forty-five percent of the country's land area but only two percent of its population.
Reginald de Braose
Reginald de Braose (19 September 1182 – June 1228) was one of the sons of William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber and Matilda, also known as Maud de St. Valery and Lady de la Haie. Her other children included William and Giles.

The de Braoses were loyal to King Richard I but grew in power under King John of England. The dynasty was in conflict with King John towards the end of his reign and almost lost everything.

Reginald de Braose was a scion of the powerful Marcher family of de Braose, helped manage its survival and was also related by marriage to the Welsh Princes of Wales.

Deheubarth
Deheubarth (Welsh pronunciation: [dɛˈhəɨbarθ]; lit. 'Right-hand Part', thus 'the South') was a regional name for the realms of south Wales, particularly as opposed to Gwynedd (Latin: Venedotia). It is now used as a shorthand for the various realms united under the House of Dinefwr, but that Deheubarth itself was not considered a proper kingdom on the model of Gwynedd, Powys, or Dyfed is shown by its rendering in Latin as dextralis pars or as Britonnes dexterales ("the Southern Britons") and not as a named land. In the oldest British writers, Deheubarth was used for all of modern Wales to distinguish it from Hen Ogledd (Y Gogledd), the northern lands whence Cunedda originated.
Cheung On (constituency)
Cheung On (Chinese: 長安) is one of the 31 constituencies of the Kwai Tsing District Council in Hong Kong. The seat elects one member of the council every four years. It was first created in the 1994 elections. Its boundary is loosely based on part of Cheung On Estate in Tsing Yi with estimated population of 12,739.

Tsing Yi
Tsing Yi (Chinese: 青衣), sometimes referred to as Tsing Yi Island, is an island in the New Territories of Hong Kong, to the northwest of Hong Kong Island and south of Tsuen Wan. With an area of 10.69 km2 (4.13 sq mi), the island has been extended drastically by reclamation along almost all its natural shore and the annexation of Nga Ying Chau (牙鷹洲) and Chau Tsai. Three major bays or harbours, Tsing Yi Lagoon, Mun Tsai Tong, and Tsing Yi Bay (青衣灣) in the northeast, have been completely reclaimed for new towns.

The island is generally zoned into four quarters: the northeast quarter is a residential area, the southeast quarter is Tsing Yi Town, the southwest holds heavy industry, and the northwest includes a recreation trail, a transportation interchange and some dockyards and ship building industry. The island is in the northwest of Victoria Harbour and part of its coastline is subject to the Protection of the Harbour Ordinance.
Singsås Church
Singsås Church (Norwegian: Singsås kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Midtre Gauldal Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the village of Singsås. It is the church for the Singsås parish which is part of the Gauldal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros. The white, wooden church was built in a neo-Gothic long church style in 1884 using plans drawn up by the architect Johan Digre. The church seats about 450 people.

Midtre Gauldal Municipality
Midtre Gauldal is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Gauldalen region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Støren. Other villages in the municipality include Singsås, Soknedal, Enodden, and Rognes.

The 1,860-square-kilometre (720 sq mi) municipality is the 44th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Midtre Gauldal Municipality is the 160th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 6,140. The municipality's population density is 3.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (8.5/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 3.5% over the previous 10-year period.
La Penthiève Beds
The La Penthiève Beds is a geologic formation in Louppy-le-Château, France. It preserves fossils dating back to the Early Cretaceous period.

Part of the formation is known as the Mammilatum Zone, which dates to the lower Albian.

Albian
The Albian is both an age of the geologic timescale and a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is the youngest or uppermost subdivision of the Early/Lower Cretaceous Epoch/Series. Its approximate time range is 113.2 ± 0.3 Ma to 100.5 ± 0.1 Ma (million years ago). The Albian is preceded by the Aptian and followed by the Cenomanian.
Photocatalysis
In chemistry, photocatalysis is the acceleration of a photoreaction in the presence of a photocatalyst, the excited state of which "repeatedly interacts with the reaction partners forming reaction intermediates and regenerates itself after each cycle of such interactions." In many cases, the catalyst is a solid that upon irradiation with UV- or visible light generates electron–hole pairs that generate free radicals. Photocatalysts belong to three main groups; heterogeneous, homogeneous, and plasmonic antenna-reactor catalysts. The use of each catalysts depends on the preferred application and required catalysis reaction.

Homogeneous catalysis
In chemistry, homogeneous catalysis is catalysis where the catalyst is in same phase as reactants, principally by a soluble catalyst in a solution. In contrast, heterogeneous catalysis describes processes where the catalysts and substrate are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas, respectively. The term is used almost exclusively to describe solutions and implies catalysis by organometallic compounds. Homogeneous catalysis is an established technology that continues to evolve. An illustrative major application is the production of acetic acid. Enzymes are examples of homogeneous catalysts.
Index of recreational dive sites
The following index is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Wikipedia's articles on recreational dive sites. The level of coverage may vary:

Recreational dive sites – specific places that recreational divers go to enjoy the underwater environment or are used for training purposes.

Major General Wallace F. Randolph (ship)
USAMP Major General Wallace F. Randolph, sometimes also known as MG Wallace F. Randolph, was a 188.2-foot (57.4 m) mine planter built by the Marietta Manufacturing Company, and delivered to the United States Army Mine Planter Service in 1942.  The ship was transferred to the U.S. Navy in 1951, placed directly into the Atlantic Reserve Fleet without being commissioned classed as the auxiliary minelayer ACM-15, then reclassified minelayer, auxiliary (MMA) and named MMA-15, and finally given the name Nausett without any active naval service. After being stricken from the Naval Vessel Register, the ship was transferred to different owners, and eventually was scuttled off the coast of Florida as an artificial reef and fish aggregating device.  The site is currently known as the Thunderbolt Wreck, and is considered to be an excellent and challenging dive site for advanced divers.
Müllenbach, Cochem-Zell
Müllenbach (German pronunciation: [ˈmʏlənbax]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality, in the Cochem-Zell district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kaisersesch, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Cochem-Zell
Cochem-Zell (German: Landkreis Cochem-Zell) is a district (Kreis) in the north-west of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are Mayen-Koblenz, Rhein-Hunsrück, Bernkastel-Wittlich, and Vulkaneifel.
1982 Welsh Professional Championship
The 1982 Woodpecker Welsh Professional Championship was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament, which took place between 24 and 28 February 1982 at the Ebbw Vale Leisure Centre in Ebbw Vale, Wales.

Doug Mountjoy won the tournament defeating Terry Griffiths 9–8 in the final.

Welsh Professional Championship
The Welsh Professional Championship was a professional snooker tournament which was open only for Welsh players. It was the first of the four home countries to revive its national professional championship on a regular basis.
U.S. Route 45 in Wisconsin
U.S. Highway 45 (US 45) runs north–south through the eastern and northern portions of the state of Wisconsin. Also called Highway 45, it runs from the state line with Illinois near the village of Bristol in Kenosha County to the Michigan state line at the town of Land O' Lakes in Vilas County, a total of about 305 miles (491 km).

U.S. Route 45 in Illinois
U.S. Route 45 (US 45) in the state of Illinois is a major north–south U.S. Highway that runs from the Brookport Bridge over the Ohio River at Brookport north through rural sections of eastern Illinois and then through the suburbs of Chicago to the Wisconsin state line east of Antioch. This is a distance of 428.99 miles (690.39 km). US 45 is the longest numbered route in Illinois.
Portuguese conjugation
Portuguese verbs display a high degree of inflection. A typical regular verb has over fifty different forms, expressing up to six different grammatical tenses and three moods. Two forms are peculiar to Portuguese within the Romance languages, shared with Galician:

The personal infinitive, a non-finite form which does not show tense, but is inflected for person and number.

The future subjunctive, is sometimes archaic in some dialects (including peninsular) of related languages such as Spanish, but still active in Portuguese.

It has also several verbal periphrases.

Auxiliary verb
An auxiliary verb (abbreviated aux) is a verb that adds functional or grammatical meaning to the clause in which it occurs, so as to express tense, aspect, modality, voice, emphasis, etc. Auxiliary verbs usually accompany an infinitive verb or a participle, which respectively provide the main semantic content of the clause. An example is the verb have in the sentence I have finished my lunch. Here, the auxiliary have helps to express the perfect aspect along with the participle, finished. Some sentences contain a chain of two or more auxiliary verbs. Auxiliary verbs are also called helping verbs, helper verbs, or (verbal) auxiliaries. Research has been conducted into split inflection in auxiliary verbs.
Agerskov (town)
Agerskov (German: Aggerschau) is a town located in central Southern Jutland in Denmark with a population of 1,175 (1 January 2025). The town is located 9 km from Toftlund, 15 km from Løgumkloster and 16 km from Rødekro. The town is a part of Tønder Municipality, Region Syddanmark.

Tønder Municipality
Tønder Municipality (Danish: Tønder Kommune, German: Kommune Tondern, North Frisian: Tuner Komuun) is a kommune in the Region of Southern Denmark on the Jutland peninsula in south Denmark. The municipality covers an area of 1,252 km2, and has a total population of 36,399 (2025). Its mayor is Jørgen Popp Petersen, a member of the regional Schleswig Party.

The main town and the site of its municipal council is the town of Tønder. It consists of six old municipalities, the former Tønder municipality (1970-2006) with 12,706 inhabitants in January 2000 on 184.59 square kilometers among them.
François Vauglin
François Vauglin (born 22 December 1969) is a French politician of the Socialist Party. Since 2014, he has served as mayor of the 11th arrondissement of Paris. As mayor, he oversaw the Charlie Hebdo shooting, part of the November 2015 Paris attacks, the murder of Mireille Knoll and the killing of Sarah Halimi, which occurred in the arrondissement. He served as president of Homosexualités et Socialisme from 1997 to 2002, and has been a member of the Council of Paris since 2008.

Homosexualités et Socialisme
Homosexualités et Socialisme (English: Homosexualities and Socialism, HES) is a politically independent LGBT organization affiliated with the Parti Socialiste in France officially, since 2015, and with the Parti Radical de Gauche since 2019. It was created in 1983 by Jan-Paul Pouliquen. From 1993 to 1997, its president was Stéphane Martinet. Its former president from 2007 to 2012 was Gilles Bon-Maury. It is a member of ILGA-Europe and was a member of Rainbow Rose.
David Maddock
David Rokeby Maddock (30 May 1915 – 20 August 1984) was Bishop of Dunwich from 1967 to 1976.

He was born on 30 May 1915 and educated at Clifton College  and St Catherine's College, Oxford.

After ordination he was a curate at Chard and then Vicar of Wilton before 14 years as Rector of Wareham and finally, before his ordination to the episcopate, the Archdeacon of Sherborne (1961–1967) and, from 1966, also Rector of West Stafford in Dorset. He was then appointed Provost of St Edmundsbury (1976–1981).

Maddock was a Freemason, initiated in the Apollo University Lodge, Oxford, in 1937.: 138

He died on 14 August 1984 and was succeeded by
William Johnston.

Dean of St Edmundsbury
The Dean of St Edmundsbury is the head (primus inter pares – first among equals) and chair of the chapter of canons, the ruling body of St Edmundsbury Cathedral. The dean and chapter are based at the Cathedral Church of Saint James in Bury St Edmunds. Before 2000 the post was designated as a provost, which was then the equivalent of a dean at most English cathedrals. The cathedral is the mother church of the Diocese of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich and seat of the Bishop of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich. The current dean is Joe Hawes.
Amondara
Amondara (Russian and Tajik: Амондара) is a village and jamoat in north-western Tajikistan. It is part of the city of Panjakent in Sughd Region. The jamoat has a total population of 13,380 (2015). It consists of 10 villages, including Maykatta (the seat), Amondara and Zarrinrud.

Jamoats of Tajikistan
The jamoats of Tajikistan (Russian: джамоаты, romanized: dzhamoaty; Tajik: ҷамоати деҳот, romanized: jamoati dehot, "village communes") are the third-level administrative divisions, similar to communes or municipalities, in the Central Asian country of Tajikistan. As of January 2020, there are 368 rural jamoats, 65 towns and 18 cities in Tajikistan. Each jamoat is further subdivided into villages (or deha or qyshqol)

The jamoats and towns, and their population figures (as of January 2015) by district of each region are listed below:
Stenogrammitis ascensionensis
Stenogrammitis ascensionensis is a species of grammitid fern in the family Polypodiaceae. It is endemic to Ascension Island. Its natural habitats are introduced vegetation. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Grammitidoideae
Grammitidoideae is a subfamily of the fern family Polypodiaceae, whose members are informally known as grammitids. It comprises a clade of about 750 species. They are distributed over higher elevations in both the Old and New World.  This group was previously treated as a separate family, Grammitidaceae until molecular phylogenies showed it to be nested within the Polypodiaceae. It has since been treated as an unranked clade within subfamily Polypodioideae (renamed tribe Polypodieae in one classification), and, most recently, as a separate subfamily (reducing Polypodioideae to an evolutionary grade).
Whitebred Shorthorn
Whitebred Shorthorn is a British type of beef cattle originating in north west England and south west Scotland.  It is derived from Shorthorn cattle, but is always white, rather than being the range of colours found in other Shorthorns. It has not undergone the specialisation seen in other Shorthorns (Beef Shorthorn and Dairy Shorthorn), and so it remains as a more traditional hardy and thrifty cattle type.  This favours its use for conservation grazing of hill pastures, grazing rank grass species to maintain a diverse flora.

Beef cattle
Beef cattle are cattle raised for meat production (as distinguished from dairy cattle, used for milk (production)). The meat of mature or almost mature cattle is mostly known as beef.
In beef production there are three main stages: cow-calf operations, backgrounding, and feedlot operations.  The production cycle of the animals starts at cow-calf operations; this operation is designed specifically to breed cows for their offspring. From here the calves are backgrounded for a feedlot. Animals grown specifically for the feedlot are known as feeder cattle, the goal of these animals is fattening. Animals not grown for a feedlot are typically female and are commonly known as replacement heifers.
While the principal use of beef cattle is meat production, other uses include leather, and beef by-products used in candy, shampoo, cosmetics, and insulin.
Funkabwehr
The Funkabwehr, "Radio Defence Corps," was a radio counterintelligence organisation created in 1940 by Hans Kopp of the Armed Forces High Command during World War II. It was the principal body for the monitoring of illicit broadcasts. Its formal name was Funkabwehr des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht (German: Oberkommando der Wehrmacht, Wehrmachtnachrichtenverbindungen, Funküberwachung) (OKW/WNV/FU). Its most notable breakthrough occurred on 26 June 1941, when tracing teams at the Funkabwehr station at Zelenogradsk discovered the Rote Kapelle, an anti-Nazi resistance movement in Berlin, and two Soviet espionage rings operating in German-occupied Europe and Switzerland during World War II. The Funkabwehr was dissolved on 30 April 1945.

Counterintelligence
Counterintelligence (counter-intelligence) and its primary subfield, counterespionage (counter-espionage), are activities aimed at protecting an agency's intelligence program from an opposition's intelligence service. It includes gathering information and conducting activities to prevent espionage, sabotage, assassinations or other intelligence activities conducted  by, for, or on behalf of foreign powers, organizations or persons.

Many countries will have multiple organizations focusing on a different aspect of counterintelligence, such as domestic, international, and counter-terrorism. Some states will formalize it as part of the police structure, such as the United States' Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Others will establish independent bodies, such as the United Kingdom's MI5, others have both intelligence and counterintelligence grouped under the same agency, like the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS).
N66 road (Ireland)
The N66 road was a national secondary road in Ireland.

It latterly linked the M18 at Gort, County Galway to the N65 outside Loughrea at the north of the Loughrea Bypass.

Prior to the construction of the Loughrea Bypass and M18 during the 2000s the N66 ran from the N18 road in Gort to the N6 in Loughrea itself and this was its configuration for most of its lifetime which was from c. 1970 to 2005.

The N65, since 2010, continues north from Loughrea and forms an interchange with the M6. All routings lay entirely within County Galway.

En route it passed Thoor Ballylee, associated with William Butler Yeats.

The road was 27.655 km (17.184 mi) long.

It was downgraded as regional road R380 upon the completion of the M17/M18 scheme in September 2017.

M18 motorway (Ireland)
The M18 motorway (Irish: Mótarbhealach M18) is an inter-urban motorway in Ireland, forming part of the Limerick, Ennis to Galway national primary road, which, in turn, forms part of the Atlantic Corridor called for as part of the Transport 21 project.
Ritah Asiimwe
Ritah Asiimwe PLY (born 10 July 1986) is a Ugandan para badminton player who is ranked as the country's number one in the women's SU5 category. She is ranked as Africa's number 2 para badminton player and in 2020 became the first Ugandan para badminton player to compete in the Summer Paralympics.

As of 16 April 2024, she is ranked 7th worldwide in the women's para-badminton doubles (SL3-SU5 category) and 19th worldwide in the women's para-badminton singles (SU5 category) by the Badminton World Federation.

African Para-Badminton Championships
The African Para-Badminton Championships is a tournament organized by the Para Badminton World Federation (PBWF) which has now merged with the BWF. This tournament is hosted to crown the best para-badminton players in Africa.

The inaugural edition of the tournament was hosted in Kampala, Uganda in 2018.
Province of Pola
Province of Pola (Italian: provincia di Pola) was a province of the Kingdom of Italy created after World War I, that officially existed from 1923 until 1947. The capital (capoluogo in Italian) was Pola. After the Second World War the province of Pola became part of Yugoslavia. Following the collapse of Yugoslavia in 1991, the province of Pola has been part of Croatia and Slovenia.

Diocese of Poreč and Pula
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Poreč and Pula (Croatian: Porečko-pulska biskupija; Latin: Dioecesis Parentina et Polensis; Italian: Diocesi di Parenzo e Pola) is a suffragan Latin diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Rijeka on the Istrian peninsula, in Croatia.
Kerry county hurling team
The Kerry county hurling team represents Kerry in hurling and is governed by Kerry GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the Christy Ring Cup and the National Hurling League.

Kerry's home ground is Austin Stack Park, Tralee. The team's manager is John Griffin.

The team last won the Munster Senior Championship in 1891, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 1891 and has never won the National League.

Carlow county hurling team
The Carlow county hurling team represents Carlow in hurling and is governed by Carlow GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the Joe McDonagh Cup and the National Hurling League.

Carlow's home ground is Dr Cullen Park, Carlow. The team's manager is Tom Mullally.

The team has never won the Leinster Senior Championship, the All-Ireland Senior Championship or the National League.
ART (sculpture)
ART, also known as Big Red Art, is a 1999 steel sculpture by Doris Shlayn, installed outside the Columbus College of Art and Design in Columbus, Ohio, United States. It was installed on June 23, 2001.

The red-colored artwork, which spells out the word "ART", is 100 feet (30 m) tall and weighs 31 tons. The "A" spans 101 ft and straddles East Gay Street, and cars and pedestrians can pass underneath.

Columbus College of Art and Design
Columbus College of Art & Design (CCAD) is a private art school in Columbus, Ohio. It was founded in 1879 as the Columbus Art School and is one of the oldest private art and design colleges in the United States. Located in downtown Columbus, CCAD's campus consists of 11 buildings (including 2 residence halls) on 9 acres (36,000 m2) and is adjacent to the Columbus Museum of Art. Approximately 900 full-time students are enrolled.
State Tax Inspectorate
The State Tax Inspectorate (Lithuanian: Valstybinė Mokesčių Inspekcija) or VMI is the tax authority in the Republic of Lithuania. It is an agency under the Ministry of Finance.

The main objectives of the agency include: helping the taxpayers with their tax obligations and rights; implementation and enforcement of tax laws, primarily collecting and administering the taxes; collection of revenue for the state budget.

Revenue service
A revenue service, revenue agency or taxation authority is a government agency responsible for the intake of government revenue, including taxes and sometimes non-tax revenue. Depending on the jurisdiction, revenue services may be charged with tax collection, investigation of tax evasion, or carrying out audits.

In certain instances, they also administer payments to certain relevant individuals (such as statutory sick pay, statutory maternity pay) as well as  targeted financial support (welfare) to families and individuals (through payment of tax credits or transfer payments).

The chief executive of the revenue agency is usually styled as Commissioner, Minister, Secretary or Director.