hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Boston University Housing System
The Boston University housing system is the 2nd-largest of any private university in the United States, with 76% of the undergraduate population living on campus. On-campus housing at BU is an unusually diverse melange, ranging from individual 19th-century brownstone town houses and apartment buildings acquired by the school to large-scale high-rises built in the 60s and 2000s.

Though originally a commuter school, the University now guarantees the option of on-campus housing for four years for all undergraduate students. This is a challenge considering the size of BU's undergraduate population and its urban setting. BU has met this goal every year, often by using area hotels, though since fall 2009, with the completion of its new 960-bed 26-story dorm, the school says it has accommodated all students who wish to live on campus without using hotel space.

Brownstone
Brownstone is a brown Triassic–Jurassic sandstone that was historically a popular building material. The term is also used in the United States and Canada to refer to a townhouse clad in this or any other aesthetically similar material.

Brownstone was a popular building material because it is unusually easy to quarry and carve; these qualities also make structures clad in it susceptible to weathering and damage over time.
Barbara Woodell
Barbara Woodell (born Barbara Mae Smith; May 25, 1910 – January 16, 1997) was an American stage, film and television actress, born in Lewistown, Illinois. Taking the stage name Woodell after her grandmother's name, she was married to composer Oscar Levant, later to Arthur Loew (son of film magnate Marcus Loew),. She also sang under the name Barbara Allen. In later years, after retiring from show business, she opened an interior design studio in Carmel Valley, California. She died in Ojai, California, at the age of 86.

Marcus Loew
Marcus Loew (/loʊ/ LOH; May 7, 1870 – September 5, 1927) was an American business magnate and a pioneer of the motion picture industry who formed Loew's Theatres and the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film studio (MGM).
James Murray Beck
James Murray Beck CM FRSC (1914 – 30 June 2011) was a Canadian historian from Nova Scotia. Born in Lunenburg, Beck taught for 17 years at Dalhousie University where he became professor emeritus. He was elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 1976, and was appointed to the Order of Canada in 1995. Beck extensively covered the Nova Scotia politician Joseph Howe in his research, publishing a complete account of his life across two volumes in 1984. He died in Halifax at the age of 96.

Canadian Historical Association
The Canadian Historical Association (CHA; French: Société historique du Canada, SHC) is a Canadian organization founded in 1922 for the purposes of promoting historical research and scholarship. It is a bilingual, not-for-profit, charitable organization, the largest of its kind in Canada. According to the Association, it "seeks to encourage the integration of historical knowledge and perspectives in both the scholarly and public spheres, to ensure the accessibility of historical resources, and to defend the rights and freedoms of emerging and professional historians in the pursuit of historical inquiry as well as those of history degree holders who utilize the analytical, research, communication, and writing skills they acquired during their studies to pursue a variety of career paths inside or outside of academia."
Ipermestra (Hasse)
Ipermestra is an opera by Johann Adolph Hasse. It was the first setting of the libretto by Metastasio, itself following in an already long tradition of operas based on Aeschylus' Suppliants. The opera has not received a modern recording, though Max Emanuel Cencic recorded Impermestra's aria "Ma rendi pur contento" on Rokoko - Hasse Opera Arias (2012).

Pietro Metastasio
Pietro Antonio Domenico Trapassi (3 January 1698 – 12 April 1782), better known by his pseudonym of Pietro Metastasio (Italian pronunciation: [ˈpjɛːtro metaˈstaːzjo]), was an Italian poet and librettist, considered the most important writer of opera seria libretti.
Gumna
Gumna [ˈɡumna] is a village in Gmina Dębowiec, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

The name is of cultural origin and is a plural form of gumno, in Polish denoting a threshing floor.

Cieszyn County
Cieszyn County (Polish: powiat cieszyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Czech and Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998.

The county's administrative seat and largest town is Cieszyn, which lies on the Czech border 62 kilometres (39 mi) south-west of the regional capital Katowice. The county also contains four other towns: Ustroń, 14 km (9 mi) east of Cieszyn, Skoczów, 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Cieszyn, Wisła, 20 km (12 mi) south-east of Cieszyn, and Strumień, 23 km (14 mi) north-east of Cieszyn.

The county covers an area of 730.2 square kilometres (281.9 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 178,145, out of which the population of Cieszyn is 34,513, that of Ustroń is 16,073, that of Skoczów is 14,385, that of Wisła is 11,132, that of Strumień is 3,718, and the rural population is 98,324.
Hugo Gyldén
Johan August Hugo Gyldén (May 29, 1841 in Helsinki – November 9, 1896 in Stockholm) was a Finland-Swedish astronomer primarily known for work in celestial mechanics.

Gyldén was the son of Nils Abraham Gyldén, Professor of Classical philology at the University of Helsinki and baroness Beata Sofia Gyldén. He spent his student years at his father's university, graduating as a filosofie magister from the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics in 1860. He studied under Lorenz Leonard Lindelof and then went to do a postdoctoral at Gotha under Peter Hansen working on the orbit of Neptune. In 1871 he was called by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to be its astronomer and head of the Stockholm Observatory. From 1872 he was a member of the Academy. In 1885 he became foreign member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.

The lunar crater Gyldén and the minor planet 806 Gyldenia were named in his honor.

Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (Dutch: Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, abbr. KNAW) is an organization dedicated to the advancement of science and literature in the Netherlands. The academy is housed in the Trippenhuis in Amsterdam.

In addition to various advisory and administrative functions it operates a number of research institutes and awards many prizes, including the Lorentz Medal in theoretical physics, the Dr Hendrik Muller Prize for Behavioural and Social Science and the Heineken Prizes.
Landremont
Landremont (French pronunciation: [lɑ̃dʁəmɔ̃]) is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France.

The commune is the birthplace of Amélie Rigard, who as Sister Julie kept running the hospice in Gerbéviller during the village's occupation and destruction by German troops in World War I.
She was awarded the Legion of Honour.

Meurthe-et-Moselle
Meurthe-et-Moselle (French pronunciation: [mœʁt e mɔzɛl] ⓘ, lit. 'Meurthe and Moselle') is a department in the Grand Est region of France, named after the rivers Meurthe and Moselle. Its prefecture and largest city is Nancy and it borders the departments of Meuse to the west, Vosges to the south, Moselle and Bas-Rhin and it borders the Belgian province of Luxembourg and the country of Luxembourg by the canton of Esch-sur-Alzette to the north. It had a population of 733,760 in 2019.
Niksowizna
Niksowizna [niksɔˈvizna] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kolno, within Kolno County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.

According to the 1921 census, the village was inhabited by 217 people, among whom 204 were Roman Catholic, 7 Evangelical, and 6 Mosaic. At the same time, 211 inhabitants declared Polish nationality, and 6 were Jewish. There were 47 residential buildings in the village.

Kolno County
Kolno County (Polish: powiat kolneński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Podlaskie Voivodeship, north-eastern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kolno, which lies 89 kilometres (55 mi) west of the regional capital Białystok. The only other town in the county is Stawiski, lying 16 km (10 mi) east of Kolno.

The county covers an area of 939.73 square kilometres (362.8 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 38,249, out of which the population of Kolno is 10,214, that of Stawiski is 2,174, and the rural population is 25,861.
Na Starém bělidle
Na Starém bělidle (At the old bleachery) is a 1901 Czech-language opera in 4 scenes by Karel Kovařovic to a libretto by Karel Šípek after the 1855 novel The Grandmother by Božena Němcová. The opera was premiered 22 November 1901 at Prague National Theatre.

The Grandmother
The Grandmother (Czech: Babička) is a novella written by Czech writer Božena Němcová in 1853–1854 and first published in 1855. It is her most popular work and is regarded as a classic piece of Czech literature. This most frequently read book of the Czech nation was published more than 300 times in Czech alone and translated into 21 other languages.
Coffee & TV
"Coffee & TV" is a song by the English rock band Blur, released as the second single from their sixth studio album, 13, on 28 June 1999. It was sung by the guitarist, Graham Coxon, with lyrics describing his struggle with alcoholism. It features an improvised discordant guitar solo.

The video, featuring a sentient milk carton searching for Coxon, was directed by Garth Jennings and won several awards. "Coffee & TV" reached No. 11 in the United Kingdom, No. 26 in Ireland and No. 2 in Iceland.

Garth Jennings
Garth Jennings  is an English director, screenwriter and actor. He has directed the feature films The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, Son of Rambow, the animated film Sing and its sequel Sing 2. He co-founded the production company Hammer & Tongs with his collaborator Nick Goldsmith.
Faugh-a-Ballagh
Faugh-a-Ballagh (foaled 1841 in Ireland) was a Thoroughbred racehorse. A brother to Birdcatcher, Faugh-a-Ballagh was sold to E. J. Erwin in 1842. He ran once as a two-year-old at the Doncaster's Champagne Stakes, finishing third to The Cure and Sorella. He then began his three-year-old season as the first Irish-bred horse to win the St. Leger Stakes, then beat Corona in a match race.  He won the Grand Duke Michael Stakes, then the Cesarewitch, and came second to Evenus at the Cambridgeshire. As a four-year-old, he finished second to The Emperor in the Emperor of Russia's Plate.

In 1855, Faugh-a-Ballagh was exported to France. There he sired Fille de l'air, The Oaks and French Oaks winner. He also sired the great stallion Leamington, that sired the American racehorse and leading sire Longfellow, as well as Iroquois, the first American-bred horse to win The Derby.

Prix de Diane
The Prix de Diane, sometimes referred to as the French Oaks, is one of the most important and prestigious Group 1 horse races in France open to three-year-old thoroughbred fillies. It is run at Chantilly over a distance of 2,100 metres (about 1 mile and 2½ furlongs), and it is scheduled to take place each year in June. It is one of four races in France with a purse of a million euros or more.

It is France's equivalent of The Oaks, a famous race in England.

Over 40,000 people from around the world attend the races to not only watch the races and bet on horses, but also to showcase the latest fashion trends.
Tezozomoctli (Cuauhtitlan)
Tezozomoctli (originally Teçoçomoctli; ruled 1418–1430) was a tlatoani ("ruler" or "king") of the pre-Columbian Nahua altepetl (city-state) of Cuauhtitlan in central Mexico. His palace was located at Huexocalco.

Tezozomoctli was born in the Mexica city of Tlatelolco. His father was Tlacateotl, who was the second tlatoani of Tlatelolco. His mother was Xiuhtomiyauhtzin, the daughter of the tlatoani of Coatl Ichan, Acolmiztli. Tezozomoctli was probably named after his great-grandfather, the powerful ruler of Azcapotzalco.

In the Tepanec War in the year 3 Rabbit (1430), Cuauhtitlan was attacked and defeated by the combined forces of the surrounding peoples. After being informed at his refuge at Cincoc Huehuetocan that Cuauhtitlan had been captured, Tezozomoctli travelled to Atzompan where he allegedly committed suicide by poison.

Aztec calendar
The Aztec or Mexica calendar is the calendrical system used by the Aztecs as well as other Pre-Columbian peoples of central Mexico. It is one of the Mesoamerican calendars, sharing the basic structure of calendars from throughout the region.

The Aztec sun stone, often erroneously called the calendar stone, is on display at the National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City.
The actual Aztec calendar consists of a 365-day calendar cycle called xiuhpōhualli (year count), and a 260-day ritual cycle called tōnalpōhualli (day count). These two cycles together form a 52-year "century", sometimes called the "calendar round". The xiuhpōhualli is considered to be the agricultural calendar, since it is based on the sun, and the tōnalpōhualli is considered to be the sacred calendar.
Clepsis pallidana
Clepsis pallidana is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in most of Europe, as well as Asia Minor, Iran, Russia (Primorsk and Tuva), Mongolia, China, the Korean Peninsula and Japan.

The wingspan is 15–20 mm. Adults are on wing from June to July in western Europe.

The larvae feed on a wide range of plants, including of Artemisia campestris, Gnaphalium, Euphorbia, Spiraea ulmaria, Lactuca scariola, Aster, Urtica, Iris, Jurinea, Solidago, Sedum and Malus.

Lactuca serriola
Lactuca serriola, also called prickly lettuce, milk thistle (not to be confused with Silybum marianum, also called milk thistle), compass plant, and scarole, is an annual or biennial plant in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae. It has a slightly fetid odor and is commonly considered a weed of orchards, roadsides and field crops.  It is the closest wild relative of cultivated lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.).

Lactuca serriola is native to Eurasia and north Africa, and has become naturalized elsewhere.
Alina Pralea
Alina Pralea  (born (1969-05-24)24 May 1969) was a Romanian female volleyball player. She was part of the Romania women's national volleyball team.

She participated at the 1994 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship in Brazil. On club level she played with Universitatea Cluj.

1994 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship
The 1994 FIVB Women's World Championship was the twelfth edition of the tournament, organised by the world's governing body, the FIVB. It was held from 17 to 30 October 1994 in São Paulo and Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
@icon sushi
@icon sushi (aicon sushi is used when @ unsupported in a filename) is a conversion and creation computer icon freeware software tool for Microsoft Windows with support for Windows Vista. It has the ability to import icons from ICO, BMP, PNG, PSD, EXE, DLL and ICL formats and can export as ICO, BMP, PNG and ICL. This software is available in multiple languages including German.

Windows Executable File
In Windows, OS/2, and DOS, .exe is the filename extension for a file that is runnable as a native executable computer program. Such a file is sometimes referred to an EXE – as one historical way to identify a file extension is without the dot prefix and capitalized.
Arthur Thomas (baseball)
Arthur Thomas (December 10, 1864 – August 8, 1895) was an American baseball catcher and first baseman in the late 19th century, who played for predecessor teams to the Negro leagues. He played for several teams from 1886 to 1891, spending the majority of his career with the Cuban Giants. He also played with the Baltimore Lord Baltimores of the National Colored Base Ball League in 1887.

Baltimore Lord Baltimores
The Baltimore Lord Baltimores were a professional pre-Negro league baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland in 1887. The Lord Baltimores played as charter members of the short–lived 1887 National Colored Base Ball League, hosting home games at Oriole Park.
Nurmi
Nurmi is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anne Nurmi (born 1968), Finnish singer, composer and keyboard player, a member of the band Lacrimosa

Dovima Nurmi, Spanish drag queen

Juha Nurmi (born 1959), Finnish retired ice hockey player

Luka Nurmi (born 2004), Finnish racing driver

Maila Nurmi (1922–2008), Finnish-American actress who created the 1950s character Vampira

Markus Nurmi (born 1998), Finnish ice hockey player

Mauno Nurmi (1936–2018), retired football and ice hockey player

Noah Nurmi (born 2001), Finnish footballer

Osku Nurmi, Finnish radio personality

Paavo Nurmi (1897–1973), Finnish runner, nine-time Olympic champion

Teemu Nurmi (born 1985), Finnish ice hockey player

Media related to Nurmi (surname) at Wikimedia Commons

Markus Nurmi
Markus Nurmi (born 29 June 1998) is a Finnish professional ice hockey forward currently playing with Luleå HF in the Swedish Hockey League (SHL). He was selected by the Ottawa Senators in the sixth round, 163rd overall, in the 2016 NHL entry draft.
Picaresqueties
Picaresqueties is a five-track EP released by the band The Decemberists as a companion disc to the double-vinyl edition of their LP Picaresque. It contains previously unreleased material from the Picaresque recording sessions.

Besides being packaged with Picaresque on vinyl, Picaresqueties can also be purchased from the iTunes Store, eMusic, and Amazon Music.

The Decemberists
The Decemberists are an American indie rock band from Portland, Oregon, formed in 2000. The band consists of Colin Meloy (lead vocals, guitar), Chris Funk (guitar, multi-instrumentalist), Jenny Conlee (piano, keyboards, accordion, backing vocals), Nate Query (bass), and John Moen (drums).

As of 2024, the band has released nine studio albums with their lyrics often focusing on historical incidents and folklore. Audience participation is a part of their live performances, typically during encores. The band stages whimsical reenactments of sea battles and other centuries-old events, typically of regional interest, or acts out songs with members of the crowd.

In 2011,  the track "Down by the Water" from their album The King Is Dead was nominated for Best Rock Song at the 54th Grammy Awards.
Igor Voronchikhin
Igor Nikolaevich Voronchikin (Russian: И́горь Николаевич Ворончи́хин; born 14 April 1938; died 10 March 2009) was a Soviet cross-country skier who competed during the early 1960s, training at Burevestnik in Moscow. He earned two bronze medals in the 1964 Winter Olympics in the 30 km and the 4x10 km relay.

Burevestnik (sports society)
Burevestnik (Russian: Буреве́стник; English: Stormy Petrel) was the All-Union VSS of students and teachers of the most part of high schools and universities in the USSR, established in 1957 (between 1936 and 1957 the society with the same name united workers of Trade Unions of the State trade and State institutions).
Cultural engineering document
Cultural engineering document (Persian: سند مهندسی فرهنگی) is the 2013 protocols set for reshaping future of Iranian culture by the Supreme Council of Cultural Revolution of the Iranian government. Three main levels of culture in this document are Iranian-Islamic culture (national culture), peoples culture and professional culture (teachers, businessmen, clerics, politicians, doctors, judges, etc.). This document is based on Iran 2025 document(national engineering document), and is divided into national and provincial (or multiple provinces) programs. Its subjects include citizens, agencies, Persian language societies, Islamic world, regional countries, nations with strong ties to Islamic republic government, enemies of the Islamic republic government, international organizations and global community.

World community
The term world community is used primarily in political and humanitarian contexts to describe an international aggregate of nation states of widely varying types. In most connotations, the term is used to convey meanings attached to consensus or inclusion of all people in all lands and their governments.
Copenhell
Copenhell is a heavy metal festival held annually at Refshaleøen in Copenhagen, Denmark, since 2010. It was one of the first open-air heavy metal festivals in Denmark.

The festival started in 2010 with two stages, the main stage Helviti and secondary stage Hades. The Upcoming Stage was introduced in 2011 for unsigned bands and was renamed Pandæmonium in 2012. In 2019 the Pandæmonium stage was upgraded to mid size bands and a new stage called Gehenna was added as the smallest stage.

Helhest
In Danish folklore, a helhest (Danish "Hel horse") is a three-legged horse associated with Hel. Various Danish phrases are recorded that refer to the horse. The Helhest is associated with death and illness, and it is mentioned in folklore as having been spotted in various locations in Denmark.
Ion Fury
Ion Fury (originally titled Ion Maiden) is a 2019 cyberpunk first-person shooter video game developed by Voidpoint and published by 3D Realms. It is a prequel to the 2016 video game Bombshell. Ion Fury runs on a modified version of Ken Silverman's Build engine and is the first original commercial game to utilize the engine in 20 years, the previous being World War II GI. An expansion, Ion Fury: Aftershock, was released in October 2023.

Prequel
A prequel is a literary, dramatic or cinematic work whose story precedes that of a previous work, by focusing on events that occur before the original narrative. A prequel is a work that forms part of a backstory to the preceding work.

The term "prequel" is a 20th-century neologism from the prefix "pre-" (from Latin prae, "before") and "sequel".

Like sequels, prequels may or may not concern the same plot as the work from which they are derived. More often they explain the background that led to the events in the original, but sometimes the connections are not completely explicit. Sometimes prequels play on the audience's knowledge of what will happen next, using deliberate references to create dramatic irony.
Deaths in November 2020
The following is a list of notable deaths in November 2020.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

St. Louis Cardinals (NFL)
From 1960 to 1987, the professional American football team now known as the Arizona Cardinals played in St. Louis, Missouri, as the St. Louis Cardinals.

The team moved from Chicago to St. Louis in 1960, and played their first home game there on October 2 at Busch Stadium against the New York Giants. Their last home game in St. Louis, played at Busch Memorial Stadium on December 13, 1987, was also against the Giants. Their last game as a St. Louis–based club was on December 27, 1987, at the Dallas Cowboys.

During the Cardinals' 28 years in St. Louis, they advanced to the playoffs just four times (1964, 1974, 1975, and 1982), and never hosted a playoff game. Their only postseason win came in the 1964 Playoff Bowl.

Their winning percentage of .481 during their time in St. Louis—187 victories, 202 losses, and 13 ties—is better than those in the other two cities the Cardinals have called home.

The team moved to Tempe, Arizona, in 1988.