hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David A. Ansell
David A. Ansell (born 1952) is a Chicago-based physician, social epidemiologist and author. He is a supporter of single-payer health care and writes on the issue of health inequality in the United States. He spent seventeen years at Cook County Hospital (now the John H. Stroger Hospital of Cook County) and wrote a memoir entitled, County: Life, Death, and Politics in Chicago’s Public Hospital.

Single-payer healthcare
Single-payer healthcare is a type of universal healthcare, in which the costs of essential healthcare for all residents are covered by a single public system (hence "single-payer"). Single-payer systems may contract for healthcare services from private organizations (as is the case in Canada) or may own and employ healthcare resources and personnel (as is the case in the United Kingdom). "Single-payer" describes the mechanism by which healthcare is paid for by a single public authority, not a private authority, nor a mix of both.
Anton Manegin
Anton Konstantinovich Manegin (born 12 March 1990) is a Russian former professional tennis player.

Manegin made his only ATP Tour main draw appearance at the 2009 Kremlin Cup, as a wildcard pairing with Teymuraz Gabashvili in the doubles event. In 2011 he represented Russia at the Summer Universiade in Shenzhen, China. During his career he won five doubles titles on the ITF Futures circuit.

His family runs the Timokhovo Landfill, east of Moscow, which is considered one of the largest in Europe.

ITF Men's World Tennis Tour
The ITF Men's World Tennis Tour (formerly ITF Men's Circuit) is a series of professional tennis tournaments held around the world that are organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF).  The tour represents the lowest rung of the men's professional tennis ladder.  ITF tournaments are incorporated into the ATP rankings, enabling young professionals to progress on to the ATP Challenger Tour and ultimately the full ATP Tour.  Nearly every professional male player has spent some time on the ITF Men's World Tennis Tour.
Dr. Abram Jordan House
The Dr. Abram Jordan House (also known as the Wedding Present House) is located along the NY 23 state highway in Claverack-Red Mills, New York, United States. It is a brick Federal style house, with some Greek Revival decorative touches, built in the 1820s as a wedding present from a local landowner to his daughter and son-in-law.

It typifies the application of that style in the eastern upper Hudson Valley. In 1999 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Hudson Valley
The Hudson Valley or Hudson River Valley comprises the valley of the Hudson River and its adjacent communities in the U.S. state of New York. The region stretches from the Capital District including Albany and Troy south to Yonkers in Westchester County, bordering New York City.
2025 Australian Senate election
The 2025 Australian Senate election was held on Saturday, 3 May 2025 to elect 40 of the 76 senators in the Australian Senate as part of the 2025 federal election. Elected senators took office on 1 July 2025, with the exception of the senators elected from the two territories whose terms commenced from election day. The elected senators will sit alongside continuing senators elected in 2022 as part of the 48th Parliament of Australia.

Labor was set to hold 28 seats in the new Senate, making this the first time Labor was the largest party in the Senate since the 1984 election. On 2 June 2025, Greens Senator Dorinda Cox left the Greens and joined Labor, taking the number of Labor Senators to 29 in the new parliament beginning on 1 July 2025.

Dorinda Cox
Dorinda Rose Cox (born 25 May 1976) is an Australian politician who has been a Senator for Western Australia since 2021. A Yamatji and Noongar woman, she is the first Indigenous woman to represent Western Australia in the Senate. She was originally appointed by the Australian Greens to fill the casual vacancy caused by the resignation of Senator Rachel Siewert in 2021, and was then elected as the Greens' lead Senate candidate in Western Australia at the 2022 federal election. She defected from the Greens to join the Labor Party in June 2025.
Shinichi Fujita
Shinichi Fujita (藤田 慎一, Fujita Shinichi; born April 10, 1973) is a former Japanese soccer player and youth soccer coach. He was a defender.

Fujita was born in Osaka Prefecture on April 10, 1973. After graduating from Kindai University, he joined Japan Football League (JFL) club Kawasaki Frontale in 1996. In 1998, he moved to JFL club Albirex Niigata. The club was promoted to new league J2 League from 1999. In 2000, he moved to J2 club Ventforet Kofu. He played many matches and retired at the end of the 2000 season.

Ventforet Kofu
Ventforet Kofu (ヴァンフォーレ甲府, Vanfōre Kōfu) is a Japanese professional football club from Kōfu in Yamanashi Prefecture. The team currently competes in the J2 League, Japanese second tier of professional football, hosting their home matches in the JIT Recycle Ink Stadium, located in Kōfu.

Ventforet has won a total of 1 J2 League title and 1 Emperor's Cup in their history.
Eberhard Werdin
Eberhard Werdin (19 October 1911 in Spenge – 25 May 1991 in Weilheim in Oberbayern) was a German composer and writer on music.

He studied in Hanover, Bielefeld and Cologne, and then became a schoolteacher. From 1955 to 1969 he was a lecturer at the conservatory in Düsseldorf, and in 1952 he became a professor at the Municipal Music School in Leverkusen.

Werdin wrote music for the stage, works for school orchestras as well as professional orchestras, choral music and chamber music, including a large number of works for brass instruments. He also wrote on aspects of musical education.

One of his compositions is Concertino Fur Flöte, Gitarre und Streichorchester (1969)

Bielefeld
Bielefeld (German pronunciation: [ˈbiːləfɛlt] ⓘ) is a city in the Ostwestfalen-Lippe region in the north-east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. With a population of 342,952, it is also the most populous city in the administrative region (Regierungsbezirk) of Detmold and the 18th largest city in Germany.

The historical centre of the city is situated in the Ravensberg Basin north of the Teutoburg Forest hill range, but modern Bielefeld extends across the range and further south into the flat Westphalian Basin. The city is situated on the Hermannsweg, a hiking trail that runs for 156 km along the ridges of the Teutoburg Forest.

Bielefeld is home to a significant number of internationally operating companies, including Dr. Oetker, DMG Mori (former Gildemeister), Möller Group, Goldbeck and Schüco. It has a university and several technical colleges (Fachhochschulen). Bielefeld is also known for the Bethel Institution.
William Hogenson
William P. Hogenson (October 26, 1884 – October 14, 1965) was an American athlete and sprinter, who competed in the early twentieth century. He won a silver medal in Athletics at the 1904 Summer Olympics in the men's 60 m dash, but was beaten by Archie Hahn, who took gold. He also won two bronze medals, over 100 m and 200 m, both distances won by Archie Hahn of the United States.

Athletics at the 1904 Summer Olympics
At the 1904 Summer Olympics, twenty-five athletics events were contested. A total of 74 medals (25 gold, 25 silver and 24 bronze) were awarded.

Multi-event competitions, the all-around and triathlon, were introduced, along with a 56-pound weight throw, while the short steeplechase was lengthened slightly from 2500 to 2590 metres, the team race was lengthened from 5000 meters to 4 miles (6,437 m), and the long steeplechase was dropped.

In all, the 25 events featured in 1904 were two more than were held in 1900.

A track was built specifically for the Games on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. The track was a cinder track 1⁄3 mile (536.448m) in length, with one long straightaway.
My Name (BoA album)
My Name is the fourth Korean-language studio album (seventh overall) by South Korean recording artist BoA, released through SM Entertainment on June 11, 2004. BoA promoted the album with the singles "My Name" and "Spark", the latter of which is a Korean-language cover of "Keep My Cool" (2002) by Luis Fonsi. The album saw BoA's transition into a more mature image in comparison to her previous records.

Commercially, My Name debuted at number one on the monthly MIAK album chart for June 2004, and was the 11th best-selling album of the year in South Korea with sales of 192,000 copies. Her first foray into the Chinese market, the overseas version of the album was released on August 12, 2004, and includes remakes of two of her songs in Chinese and an alternative cover. At the 2004 Mnet KM Music Video Festival, "My Name" won the Music Video of the Year award.

2004 Mnet KM Music Video Festival
The 2004 Mnet KM Music Video Festival (MKMF) took place on December 4, 2004 at Kyung Hee University in Seoul, South Korea. The ceremony was hosted by comedian Shin Dong-yup and actress Kim Jung-eun. Soloists Rain and BoA were the most nominated artists with three nominations each, while boyband Shinhwa had the most wins with two.
Peace Pagoda, Ampara
Ampara Peace Pagoda (also known as Ampara Sama Ceitya) is one of a number of  Peace Pagodas in the world, built since World War II and designed to promote the non-violence in the community and unite them in their search for world peace. It is located in Ampara, a small town located in the Eastern Province of Sri Lanka and is one of the Ampara's most prominent landmarks.

There are another four Peace Pagodas constructed in various places around Sri Lanka. They are located at Unawatuna, Adam's Peak, Bandarawela and Walapane.

Bandarawela
Bandarawela (Sinhala: බණ්ඩාරවෙල, pronounced [banˈda:rawela]; Tamil: பண்டாரவளை) is the second largest town in the Badulla District which is 28 km (17 mi) away from Badulla. Bandarawela is 200 km (120 mi) away from Colombo and about 125 km (78 mi) away from Kandy, the two largest cities of Sri Lanka. Thanks to its higher altitude, compared to surrounding locations, Bandarawela has milder weather conditions throughout the year making it a tourist destination for locals. Bandarawela is within hours reach of surrounding towns and cities by both road and rail. The town is influenced by its colonial history and rests among dense, lush forestation occupying a niche among visitors as a base for tourism.
Garbh Eileach
Garbh Eileach is an uninhabited island in the Inner Hebrides of the west coast of Scotland that lies in the Firth of Lorn between Mull and Argyll. With an area of 142 ha (351 acres) it is the largest of the Garvellachs and reaches a maximum elevation of 110 m (361 ft) above sea level.

The name is Gaelic for "the rough rocks". The Anglicised version of the name gives the whole group of islands its name of the Garvellachs (Scottish Gaelic: Na Garbh Eileacha). The archipelago is part of the Scarba, Lunga and the Garvellachs National Scenic Area, one of 40 such areas in Scotland.

A 2024 study by researchers at University College London regarding the relationship of some of its bedrock to the Sturtian glaciation suggests the archipelago "may be the only place on Earth to have a detailed record of how the Earth entered one of the most catastrophic periods in its history."

There are scattered birchwoods and a small herd of red deer on Garbh Eileach.

Sturtian glaciation
The Sturtian glaciation, also known as the Sturt glaciation, was a worldwide glaciation during the Cryogenian Period when the Earth experienced repeated large-scale glaciations. The Sturtian glaciation is thought to have lasted from c. 717 Ma to c. 660 Ma, a time span of approximately 57 million years. It is hypothesised to have been a Snowball Earth event, or contrastingly multiple regional glaciations, and is the longest and most severe known glacial event preserved in the geologic record after the much earlier Huronian glaciation.
Wykagyl Country Club
Wykagyl Country Club is a golf course in the Wykagyl section of New Rochelle, New York. Through the years, the club has hosted major professional and amateur tournaments  and is considered to be one of the premier "classic courses" in the country.

The club is private and application for membership is by invitation only.

George Duncan (golfer)
George Duncan (16 September 1883 – 15 January 1964) was a Scottish professional golfer. He was also a golf course designer. His much sought-after professional teaching and swing analysis skills lead to him being referred to as "the pro's pro." He won the 1920 Open Championship.
Agatha Lovisa de la Myle
Agatha Lovisa de la Myle née Brumengeber or Brunnengräber (30 August 1724 – 1 September 1787), was a Finnish (originally Baltic German) poet and correspondent, "lady of letters".

Born in Courland as the daughter of the clergyman Anders Brumengeber, she married her nephew Captain Carl Johan de la Myle in 1750, and moved to the Swedish province of Finland with him in 1762.

She wrote poetry in German and Latvian, and was said to "unite a lively sense of religion and virtue with the gifts of a genius". She was also known for her correspondence with, among others, Professor Gellert in Leipzig. She published "Lofqväden" in dedication to the coronation and revolution of King Gustav III of Sweden.

She died on her estate Maanpää Manor outside Turku in Finland in 1787.

Intellectual
An intellectual is a person who engages in critical thinking, research, and reflection about the nature of reality, especially the nature of society and proposed solutions for its normative problems. Coming from the world of culture, either as a creator or as a mediator, the intellectual participates in politics, either to defend a concrete proposition or to denounce an injustice, usually by either rejecting, producing or extending an ideology, and by defending a system of values.
Tremoloa
The tremoloa /ˈtreɪmoʊloʊwə/, plural tremoloas, is a stringed instrument belonging to the fretless zither family. It was produced in United States in response to the rapid increase in popularity of Hawaiian music during the 1920s, and continued to be produced until the 1950s.
Musical collective Broken Social Scene features the instrument in "Tremoloa Debut." The instrument is also featured sporadically on The Magnetic Fields' album 69 Love Songs.

The tremoloa simulates the tonal effects of the Hawaiian steel guitar by passing a weighted roller stabilized by a swinging lever termed an arm, along a melody string. Following, moving the roller after plucking creates tremolo, an effect which gave rise to its name.  Additionally, the tremoloa possesses four chords (C, G, F, and D major), to strum out the harmony.

The patent for the tremoloa was granted in 1932 to Harold Finney and John H. Large.

Music of Hawaii
The music of Hawaii includes an array of traditional and popular styles, ranging from native Hawaiian folk music to modern rock and hip hop. Styles like slack-key guitar are well known worldwide, while Hawaiian-tinged music is a frequent part of Hollywood soundtracks. Hawaii also made a contribution to country music with the introduction of the steel guitar. In addition, the music which began to be played by Puerto Ricans in Hawaii in the early 1900s is called cachi cachi music, on the islands of Hawaii.

The traditional music of Hawaii's Native Hawaiian community is largely religious in nature, and includes chanting and dance music. Hawaiian music has had a notable impact on the music of other Polynesian islands; Peter Manuel called the influence of Hawaiian music a "unifying factor in the development of modern Pacific musics".
Water Lily Shaft
The Water Lily Shaft near Eureka, Utah was dug during 31 days in 1921 and won a "World Champion Shaft Sinking" competition.  It was drilled by Walter Fitch Jr. Company using Waugh Clipper Drills, and set a record of "427.5 feet of vertical, three-compartment shaft" being dug in a 31-day period.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979 and is in the Tintic Mining District.

Eureka, Utah
Eureka is a city in Juab County, Utah, United States. It is part of the Provo–Orem metropolitan area. The population was 662 at the 2020 census, down from 669 in 2010.

The city was named from the Greek word eureka, meaning "I have found it!"
Aulus Furius Antias
Furius Antias was an ancient Roman poet, born in Antium.

Following William Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, (1870), art. Bibaculus, his full name was Aulus Furius Antias and he was the poet Furius whose friendship with Quintus Lutatius Catulus, consul in 102 BC, is attested by Cicero (Brutus, ch. 35).
Smith, Dictionary

Gellius, Noctes Atticae, 18, 11, defends his neologisms against the critic Caesellius Vindex.

Macrobius, Saturnalia, 6, 1, quotes several lines of Furius's Annales which would be copied by Virgil.

Aulus Gellius
Aulus Gellius (c. 125 – after 180 AD) was a Roman author and grammarian, who was probably born and certainly brought up in Rome. He was educated in Athens, after which he returned to Rome. He is famous for his Attic Nights, a commonplace book, or compilation of notes on grammar, philosophy, history, antiquarianism, and other subjects, preserving fragments of the works of many authors who might otherwise be unknown today.
The Golden Child (album)
The Golden Child is the debut studio album by American singer and rapper YK Osiris. It was released on October 11, 2019. It is Osiris' only album released under Def Jam Recordings; he was released from the label in late 2022. It features guest appearances from Jah Vinci, Kehlani, Russ, Tory Lanez and Ty Dolla $ign.

The album debuted at number 90 on the US Billboard 200 chart. The lead single, Kiwi-produced song "Valentine" was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America on April 25, 2019. The second single, "Worth It", was certified Platinum by the RIAA on October 30, 2019, and became Osiris' first song to hit the Billboard Hot 100 chart.

Russ (rapper)
Russell James Vitale (born September 26, 1992), known mononymously as Russ, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, record producer, author, and actor.  Outside of his solo career, he is a member of the Atlanta-based hip hop collective Diemon. In 2019 he published his first book, It's All In Your Head. In 2024 he made his acting debut in the thriller film, Trap.

After eleven self-released albums, Vitale signed with Columbia Records to release his twelfth studio album and major label debut, There's Really a Wolf (2017). Met with critical and commercial success, the album received platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and spawned his first Billboard Hot 100 entries—"What They Want" and "Losin Control." His thirteenth and fourteenth albums, Zoo (2018) and Shake the Snow Globe (2020), both peaked at number four on the Billboard 200; the latter spawned his highest-charting single, "Best on Earth" (featuring Bia).
Apocalypse of Shenute
The Apocalypse of Shenute is a short Coptic apocalyptic text which purports to be a prophecy of Shenute from Christ about the eschaton (last days). The Coptic Apocalypse of Elijah greatly influenced the text. It is the oldest miaphysite Coptic apocalypse to survive from the Islamic period, a rare contemporary witness to Coptic–Muslim relations in the earliest period, one of the earliest miaphysite Coptic sources to mention the Islamic rejection of the crucifixion of Christ, and a response to the Islamic conversion of Copts.

Miaphysitism
Miaphysitism (/maɪˈæfɪsaɪtɪzəm, miː-/) is the Christological doctrine that holds Jesus, the Incarnate Word, is fully divine and fully human, in one nature or physis (Greek: φύσις). It is the position held by the Oriental Orthodox Churches. It differs from the dyophysitism of the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, the Church of the East and major Protestant denominations, which holds that Jesus is one person with two natures (divine and human) as defined by the Council of Chalcedon in 451.

While historically a major point of controversy within Christianity, some modern declarations by both Chalcedonian and Miaphysite churches claim that the difference between the two Christological formulations does not reflect any significant difference in belief about the nature of Christ. Other statements from both Chalcedonian and Miaphysite churches claim that such difference is indeed theological but has been "widened by non-theological factors".
31st Hong Kong Film Awards
The 31st Hong Kong Film Awards presentation ceremony took place in Hong Kong Cultural Centre on 15 April 2012. The hosts for the awards ceremony are Eric Tsang, Bowie Tsang, Gordon Lam, Ronald Cheng and Angelababy. TVB, Now TV and RTHK Radio 2 were the live broadcasters of the ceremony, with other networks airing simulcasts around the world.

The film A Simple Life won five of its major nominations (film, director, screenplay, actor, actress). Deanie Ip became the oldest Best Actress Award-winner in the history of Hong Kong Film Awards. Ann Hui has now won four Best Director Awards, the most in awards history.

Let the Bullets Fly directed by Jiang Wen and Flying Swords of Dragon Gate directed by Tsui Hark dominated the nominations in 13 categories, including Best Film and Best Director. Individually, Jiang Wen got nominated in four categories (director, actor, screenplay, film editing).

Gordon Lam
Gordon Lam Ka-tung (林家棟; born 21 September 1967) is a Hong Kong actor, film producer and screenwriter. Initially known for his supporting roles in films directed by Andrew Lau and Johnnie To, Lam eventually became a lead actor in the Hong Kong film industry, appearing in the 2013 box-office hit Firestorm and the Hong Kong Film Award-winning 2016 film Trivisa, which also netted him the Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actor.
Leidy Award
The Leidy Award is a medal and prize presented by the Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University (formerly the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. It was named after US palaeontologist Joseph Leidy. The award was established in 1923 to recognize excellence in "publications, explorations, discoveries or research in the natural sciences", and was intended to be presented every three years. The award consists of a rectangular bronze medal (decorated with a bust depiction of Leidy) and an honorarium which was initially $5000.

Joseph Leidy
Joseph Mellick Leidy (September 9, 1823 – April 30, 1891) was an American paleontologist, parasitologist, and anatomist.

Leidy was professor of anatomy at the University of Pennsylvania, later becoming a professor of natural history at Swarthmore College and the director of scientific and educational programs at the Wagner Free Institute of Science. His book Extinct Fauna of Dakota and Nebraska, published in 1869, contained many species not previously described and many previously unknown on the North American continent. At the time, scientific investigation was largely the province of wealthy amateurs.

The Leidy Glacier in northwest Greenland was named by Robert Peary after him.
Hamman Yaji
Muhammad Hamman Yaji (c.1863–1929) was Emir of Madagali, Nigeria, part of the Adamawa Emirate. He is known for his personal diary which records daily life and activities from 1912 to 1927 as a Fulbe raider and slave trader near the border of present-day Adamawa State, Nigeria, and Mayo-Tsanaga, Far North Region, Cameroon. Over a nine-year period, Yaji reportedly carried out over one hundred raids, rustling much livestock, enslaving some 2,016 captives, and killing at least two hundred men, one hundred and sixty-eight of whom he notes specifically.

Written in Arabic and translated into English by a British colonial official, his diary provides a rare local perspective on early 20th century sub-Saharan daily life under colonial rule.

Mayo-Tsanaga
Mayo-Tsanaga is a department of Extreme-Nord Province in Cameroon. The department covers an area of 4,393 km2 and at the 2005 Census had a total population of 699,971. The capital of the department is at Mokolo. It is located within the Mandara Mountains, on the border with Nigeria.