hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Naomi Gal
Naomi Gal (Hebrew: נעמי גל; born Jerusalem, 1944) is an Israeli writer. Her novel Roman romanti (רומן רומנטי) (Tel Aviv 1993, in 2011 rewritten in English as Soap Opera), in its original Hebrew version won the Jerusalem Prize for Literature in 1994. In 1999 Ariel, an English-language Israeli literary magazine, counted Gal with Haim Be'er and Dan Tsalka "in the forefront of Israeli writers today". Gal worked in Israeli television and the newspapers Ma'Ariv and Yediot Ahronot for nearly two decades as a film critic and food writer before writing novels and children's books. She currently is a professor at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. She has also been classed as a feminist writer.

Lehigh University
Lehigh University (LU) is a private research university in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States. The university was established in 1865 by businessman Asa Packer. Lehigh University's undergraduate programs have been coeducational since the 1971–72 academic year. As of 2022, the university had 5,911 undergraduate students and 1,781 graduate students. The university is classified as "Doctoral Universities R1: Very High Research Activity".
Małgorzata Glinka-Mogentale
Małgorzata Glinka-Mogentale (born 30 September 1978) is a Polish retired volleyball player. She was a member of Poland women's national volleyball team in 1997–2014, a participant of the Olympic Games Beijing 2008, double European Champion (2003, 2005), and a gold medalist of Polish, French, Spanish and Turkish national championships.

Polish Women's Volleyball League
The Polish Women's Volleyball League, officially known as the Tauron Liga due to its sponsorship by Tauron (previously known as Orlen Liga and PlusLiga Kobiet), is the highest level of women's volleyball played in Poland.
Aduram Meghwal
Aduram Meghwal (3 December 1966) is an Indian Politician currently Serving as a 16th, Member of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from Chohtan in Barmer district. He is Member of the Bhartiya Janta Party.

Chohtan Assembly constituency
Chohtan Assembly constituency is a constituency of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly covering the city of Chohtan in the Barmer district of Rajasthan, India. Chohtan is one of eight assembly constituencies in the Barmer Lok Sabha constituency.
Gerald Diduck
Gerald Mark Diduck (/ˈdɪdək/ DID-ək; born April 4, 1965) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman. He was drafted in the first round, 16th overall, by the Islanders in the 1983 NHL Entry Draft. Diduck played 932 games in an NHL career that spanned eight different teams from 1984 to 2001. He played for the New York Islanders, Montreal Canadiens, Vancouver Canucks, Chicago Blackhawks, Hartford Whalers, Phoenix Coyotes, Toronto Maple Leafs and Dallas Stars.  He is part of hockey lore as the man who ended the career of Islanders legend and teammate Bob Nystrom with an accidental high stick that almost cost Nystrom his eye. Diduck was born in Edmonton, Alberta and now resides in Texas. He is the brother-in-law of professional musician and CKY bassist Matt Deis. Diduck is of Ukrainian ancestry.

Matt Deis
Matt Deis is an American bass guitarist. Originally from West Springfield, Massachusetts, he is best known as the bassist of the rock band CKY with whom he performed with between 2005 and 2010, returning in 2015 and departing again in 2019, and the current bassist of heavy metal band All That Remains, with whom he performed between 2003 and 2005, but made his return in 2022. From 2019 to 2020, Deis performed with American Idol finalist Tristan McIntosh. From summer 2021-22, Deis was the touring bassist for  country music duo, Thompson Square, until leaving to rejoin All That Remains. Deis filled in with Saving Abel on select dates in the summer of 2023. In the fall of 2023, Deis served as touring bassist for country artist, Mitchell Tenpenny. As of 2024 Deis is touring as the bassist in Babymetal's backing group, the Kami Band.
Ch'uñawi (Cochabamba)
Ch'uñawi (Aymara for a place where potatoes are spread as part of the procedure to prepare ch'uñu, also spelled Chunahui, Chuñahui) is a mountain in the Bolivian Andes which reaches a height of approximately 3,700 m (12,100 ft). It is located in the Cochabamba Department, Quillacollo Province, Sipe Sipe Municipality. Ch'uñawi lies southeast of Tikrasqa.

Chuño
Chuño (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtʃuɲo]) is a preserved potato product traditionally made by Quechua and Aymara communities of Bolivia and Peru, and is known in various countries of South America, including Bolivia, Peru, Chile and Northwest Argentina. It is a five-day process, obtained by exposing a bitter, frost-resistant variety of potatoes to the very low night temperatures of the Andean Altiplano, freezing them, and  subsequently exposing them to the intense sunlight of the day (this being the traditional process). The word comes from Quechua ch'uñu, meaning 'frozen potato' ('wrinkled' in the dialects of the Junín Region).
Lycoptera
Lycoptera is an extinct genus of fish that lived from Lower Cretaceous, Barremian to Aptian in present-day China, North Korea, Mongolia and Siberia. Although there is record from Jurassic Formation in Siberia, its age remains questionable.  It is known from abundant fossils representing sixteen species, which serve as important index fossil used to date geologic formations in China. Along with the genus Peipiaosteus, Lycoptera has been considered a defining member of the Jehol Biota, a prehistoric ecosystem famous for its feathered dinosaurs, which flourished for 20 million years during the Early Cretaceous, where it occurs abundantly in often monospecific beds, where they are thought to have died in seasonal mass death events. Lycoptera is a crown group teleost belonging to an early diverging lineage of the Osteoglossomorpha, which contains living mooneyes, arapaima, arowana, elephantfish and knifefish/featherbacks.

Mormyridae
The Mormyridae, sometimes called elephantfish (more properly freshwater elephantfish), are a family of weakly electric fish in the order Osteoglossiformes native to Africa. It is by far the largest family in the order, with around 200 species. Members of the family can be popular, if challenging, aquarium species. These fish have a large brain size and unusually high intelligence.

They are not to be confused with the marine and brackish-water callorhinchid elephantfish (family Callorhinchidae) of Southern Hemisphere oceans.
Organosulfate
In organosulfur chemistry, organosulfates are a class of organic compounds sharing a common functional group with the structure R−O−SO−3.  The SO4 core is a sulfate group and the R group is any organic residue. All organosulfates are formally esters derived from alcohols and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) although many are not prepared in this way.  Many sulfate esters are used in detergents, and some are useful reagents.  Alkyl sulfates consist of a hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain, a polar sulfate group (containing an anion) and either a cation or amine to neutralize the sulfate group.  Examples include: sodium lauryl sulfate (also known as sulfuric acid mono dodecyl ester sodium salt) and related potassium and ammonium salts.

Detergent
A detergent is a product for cleaning that contains surfactants plus other components. Detergents comprise surfactants as main functional components to remove hydrophobic grease or dirt by dispersing them in water. They often further comprise water (to facilitate application), builders (to soften water), enzymes (for breaking down proteins, fats, or starches), and dyes or fragrances (to improve the user's sensory experience).

Common surfactants used in detergents are alkylbenzene sulfonates, which are soap-like compounds that are more soluble than soap in hard water, because the polar sulfonate is less likely than the polar carboxylate of soap to bind to calcium and other ions found in hard water.
Motahar Ali Khan
Motahar Ali Khan (Bengali: মোতাহার আলী খান; 1923 – c. 2002) also known by his nickname Phonu, was a footballer from East Pakistan, now Bangladesh who played as a left-back. He notably played for Kolkata Mohammedan from 1944 to 1947.

National Football Championship (Bangladesh)
The National Football Championship (Bengali: জাতীয় ফুটবল চ্যাম্পিয়নশিপ), previously known as the Sher-e-Bangla National Football Championship or the Sher-e-Bangla Cup or the Bangabandhu National Football Championship, is a district-level national football tournament in Bangladesh, contested by districts and government institutions of the country. The tournament is run under the supervision of the Bangladesh Football Federation (BFF).
Napoleon's problem
Napoleon's problem is  a compass construction problem. In it, a circle and its center are given.  The challenge is to divide the circle into four equal arcs using only a compass. Napoleon was known to be an amateur mathematician, but it is not known if he either created or solved the problem. Napoleon's friend the Italian mathematician Lorenzo Mascheroni introduced the limitation of using only a compass (no straight edge) into geometric constructions. But actually, the challenge above is easier than the real Napoleon's problem, consisting in finding the center of a given circle with compass alone. The following sections will describe solutions to three problems and proofs that they work.

Georg Mohr's 1672 book "Euclides Danicus" anticipated Mascheroni's idea, though the book was only rediscovered in 1928.

Euclides Danicus
Euclides Danicus (lit. 'Danish Euclid') is one of three books of mathematics written by Georg Mohr. It was published in 1672 simultaneously in Copenhagen and Amsterdam, in Danish and Dutch respectively. It contains the first proof of the Mohr–Mascheroni theorem, which states that every geometric construction that can be performed using a compass and straightedge can also be done with compass alone.
Candalides xanthospilos
Candalides xanthospilos, the yellow-spot blue, is a species of butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in along the eastern coast of Australia, including Queensland, New South Wales and Victoria.

The wingspan is about 25 mm (0.98 in). Adults are brown.

The larvae have been recorded feeding on Pimelea species, including Pimelea colorans, Pimelea latifolia, Pimelea linifolia and Pimelea ligustrina.

Pimelea latifolia
Pimelea latifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Thymelaeaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a shrub with hairy young stems, egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and greenish-yellow to white, tube-shaped flowers.
Street Love
Street Love is the second studio album by singer Lloyd. It was released on March 13, 2007, through Young Goldie Music, The Inc. Records, Sho'nuff Records, and Universal Motown. The singer worked with a variety of new collaborators on the project, including The Inc. in-house producer 7 Aurelius as well as Big Reese, Jasper Cameron, Bryan Michael Cox, Don Vito, Eric Hudson, Jazze Pha, among others. Lil Wayne, André 3000 and Nas appear as guest vocalists on the album.

The album received a positive reception from critics who considered it an improvement over his debut album Southside (2004). Street Love debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200, selling 144,672 copies sold in its first week. The album was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and reached Platinum status in 2024. "You" featuring Lil Wayne was released as the album's lead single, while "Get It Shawty" and its remix featuring Yung Joc served as the album's second single.

Murder Inc. Records
Murder Inc. Records, LLC, also abbreviated as The Inc. Records, is an American record label founded by brothers and record executives Chris and Irv Gotti in 1999. The label's flagship artist was Ja Rule. According to Chris Gotti, Murder Inc. had sold over 30 million units worldwide and grossed over $500 million. As a collective, Murder Inc. artists were originally known as The Murderers, but later went by The Inc. for marketing purposes. Murder Inc. was headquartered at One Worldwide Plaza in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, New York, while their main studio was The Crackhouse, also located in New York City.
Nishantha Ranatunga
Nishantha Ranatunga (born 22 January 1966) is a former Sri Lankan cricketer who played two One Day Internationals in 1993. An all-rounder of note in domestic cricket, he is the brother of former Sri Lanka captain Arjuna Ranatunga, Sanjeeva Ranatunga, Dammika Ranatunga and Prasanna Ranatunga.

Prasanna Ranatunga
Prasanna Ranatunga (born 1 January 1967) is a Sri Lankan politician, former member of parliament, a former Minister of Urban Development and Housing. He was also appointed as the Chief Government Whip on 18 April 2022. He was the 7th Chief Minister of Western Province, Sri Lanka.

He belongs to the Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna and is part of the Sri Lanka People's Freedom Alliance. He is the brother of former Sri Lanka cricket captain Arjuna Ranatunga. Ranatunga entered parliament in 2015 from Gampaha District as an opposition member. Ranatunga received a vote count of 384,448 in the 2015 parliamentary elections.

On 6 June 2022, he was sentenced to two years of rigorous imprisonment suspended for five years, after he was found guilty of threatening a businessman from whom he solicited a bribe of Rs. 64 million to evict unauthorised occupants of a parcel of land.
KFJX
KFJX (channel 14) is a television station licensed to Pittsburg, Kansas, United States, serving the Joplin, Missouri–Pittsburg, Kansas market as an affiliate of Fox and The CW Plus. It is owned by SagamoreHill Broadcasting, which maintains joint sales and shared services agreements (JSA/SSA) with Morgan Murphy Media, owner of CBS affiliate KOAM-TV (channel 7, also licensed to Pittsburg), for the provision of certain services. The two stations share studios and transmitter facilities on US 69 south of Pittsburg, with a secondary studio and news bureau on South Range Line Road in Joplin.

Although KFJX broadcasts a digital signal of its own, its primary channel is simulcast in high definition on KOAM-TV's second digital subchannel from the same transmitter site because the KFJX signal is weaker (45.1 kW vs. 98.8 kW for KOAM-TV).

Digital subchannel
In broadcasting, digital subchannels are a method of transmitting more than one independent program stream simultaneously from the same digital radio or television station on the same radio frequency channel. This is done by using data compression techniques to reduce the size of each individual program stream, and multiplexing to combine them into a single signal. The practice is sometimes called "multicasting".
Kirby Fighters 2
Kirby Fighters 2 is a 2020 fighting game for the Nintendo Switch and is the direct sequel to Kirby Fighters Deluxe. Developed by HAL Laboratory and Vanpool and published by Nintendo, the game features characters and assets from the Kirby franchise and uses the Super Kirby Clash game engine. The game released worldwide in September 2020, but was accidentally leaked prior on the Play Nintendo website.

Internet leak
An internet leak is the unauthorized release of information over the internet. Various types of information and data can be, and have been, "leaked" to the Internet, the most common being personal information, computer software and source code, and artistic works such as books or albums. For example, a musical album is leaked if it has been made available to the public on the Internet before its official release date.

Internet leak also known as data leak occurs when sensitive or confidential information is exposed , either accidentally or intentionally and can have serious consequences for individuals or organizations involved. The terms data leak and data breach are related but distinct. A data leak typically happens intentionally, often when an internal source exposes information to an external party. In contrast, a data breach  is usually deliberate, occurring when an external party gains unauthorized access to a network or system, which can lead to data leak.
Black Boys Bridge
The Black Boys Bridge is a road bridge in Newbury, Berkshire, England. At the western end of Newbury railway station, the bridge spans the Reading to Taunton line. The bridge has been described as the "southern gateway to Newbury Town Centre".

Reading–Taunton line
The Reading–Taunton line is a major branch of the Great Western Main Line from which it diverges at Reading railway station. It runs to Cogload Junction (east of Taunton) where it joins the Bristol to Exeter and Penzance line.

Since 1906 it has served as the principal route from London Paddington to Devon and Cornwall, having been built by the Great Western Railway (GWR) joining up several earlier railway lines. These included the Berks and Hants Railway from Reading to Hungerford and part of the Wilts, Somerset and Weymouth Railway from Westbury to Castle Cary. The section from Reading to Westbury is sometimes called the Berks and Hants Line, despite never entering the county of Hampshire.
Champ-sur-Layon
Champ-sur-Layon (French pronunciation: [ʃɑ̃ syʁ lɛjɔ̃] ⓘ, literally Champ on Layon) is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Bellevigne-en-Layon.

Maine-et-Loire
Maine-et-Loire (French pronunciation: [mɛn e lwaʁ] ⓘ) is a department in the Loire Valley in the Pays de la Loire region in Western France. It is named after the two rivers, Maine and the Loire. It borders Mayenne and Sarthe to the north, Loire-Atlantique to the west, Indre-et-Loire to the east, Vienne and Deux-Sèvres to the south, Vendée to the south-west, and Ille-et-Vilaine to the north-west. Its prefecture is Angers; its subprefectures are Cholet, Saumur and Segré-en-Anjou Bleu. Maine-et-Loire had a population of 818,273 in 2019.
Teatro Instabile de Venexia
Teatro Instabile de Venexia (Venetian for 'Unstable Theatre of Venice') is a musical street theater in gondolas with facade projections, held in Venice as part of the official program of the Carnival of Venice. It was founded in 2011 as Tour de' Scherxi ('Tour of Jokes'), by European urban historian and "urban activist" Sergey Nikitin.

The show combines a trip in a gondola along the channels and a walking tour, which include the performance of a different opera every year. Productions have been inspired by the works of Rossini, Mozart, Diaghilev, among others.

As of 2012, Nikitin was the artistic director of the event. Masks and costumes are created by young artists and architects, the last two times by Dasha Serebriakova.

Sergei Diaghilev
Sergei Pavlovich Diaghilev (/diˈæɡɪlɛf/ dee-AG-il-ef; Russian: Серге́й Па́влович Дя́гилев, IPA: [sʲɪrˈɡʲej ˈpavləvʲɪdʑ ˈdʲæɡʲɪlʲɪf]; 31 March [O.S. 19 March] 1872 – 19 August 1929), also known as Serge Diaghilev, was a Russian art critic, patron, ballet impresario and founder of the Ballets Russes, from which many famous dancers and choreographers would arise.

Diaghilev's career can be divided into two periods: in Saint Petersburg (1898–1906) and while as an emigrant (1906–1929).
Barry Mason
John Barry Mason MBE (12 July 1935 – 16 April 2021) was an English singer and songwriter. A leading songwriter of the 1960s, he wrote the bulk of his most successful songs in partnership with Les Reed.  Mason gained many gold and platinum awards for his work including five Ivor Novello Awards, the most recent of them in 1998.

Ivor Novello Awards
The Ivor Novello Awards, named after the Welsh entertainer Ivor Novello, are awards for songwriting and composing. They have been presented annually in London by the Ivors Academy, formerly called the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers, and Authors, since 1956.
Serpa cheese
Serpa cheese (Queijo Serpa PDO) is a type of cheese from Serpa, Alentejo, Portugal. It has a Protected designation of origin (PDO) and is listed on the Ark of Taste.

Queijo Serpa is a cured, semi-soft cheese made with raw sheep milk and extracts of Cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) as coagulant. According to a traditional manufacturing process, no Fermentation starter culture added and pasteurization is not used.

Some aspects of the traditional manufacturing process are rooted in religious beliefs such as the Muslin used to filter the curd being folded exactly forty times.

Alentejo
Alentejo (/ˌælənˈteɪʒoʊ/ AL-ən-TAY-zhoh, UK also /-ʒuː/ -⁠zhoo, Portuguese: [ɐlẽˈtɛʒu] ⓘ) is a geographical, historical, and cultural region of south–central and southern Portugal. In Portuguese, its name means "beyond the Tagus" (além do Tejo).

Alentejo includes the regions of Alto Alentejo and Baixo Alentejo. It corresponds to the districts of Beja, Évora, Portalegre, and Alentejo Litoral. Its main cities are Évora, Beja, Sines, Serpa, Estremoz, Elvas, and Portalegre.

It has borders with Beira Baixa in the north, with Spain (Andalucia and Extremadura) in the east, Algarve in the south, and the Atlantic Ocean, Ribatejo, and Estremadura in the west.

Alentejo is a region known for its traditional polyphonic singing groups, similar to those found in Tuscany, Corsica, and elsewhere.
Pirate Party of Galicia
Pirates of Galicia (Galician: Piratas de Galicia, PIRATA.GAL), is a political party in Galicia, Spain. It inherits the ideology from Pirate Party of Sweden, that seeks the reform of intellectual property and patent laws, the inclusion of direct democracy in the political system and the defense of Human Rights within and outside the Internet.

Patentable subject matter
Patentable, statutory or patent-eligible subject matter is subject matter of an invention that is considered appropriate for patent protection in a given jurisdiction. The laws and practices of many countries stipulate that certain types of inventions should be denied patent protection. Together with criteria such as novelty, inventive step or nonobviousness, utility (or industrial applicability), which differ from country to country, the question of whether a particular subject matter is patentable is one of the substantive requirements for patentability.

The problem of patentable subject matter arises usually in cases of biological and software inventions, and much less frequently in other areas of technology.
Juglans mollis
Juglans mollis, the Mexican walnut, is a species of walnut in the family Juglandaceae, native to Mexico. It was first described by Georg Engelmann. Its habitat is in temperate and tropical forests, at altitudes of 800–2,500 metres (2,600–8,200 ft).

George Engelmann
George Engelmann, also known as Georg Engelmann, (2 February 1809 – 4 February 1884) was a German-American botanist. He was instrumental in describing the flora of the west of North America, then very poorly known to Europeans; he was particularly active in the Rocky Mountains and northern Mexico, one of his constant companions being another German-American, the botanical illustrator Paulus Roetter.
Mottsville, Nevada
Mottsville is an unincorporated community within the Humboldt–Toiyabe National Forest on the western edge of the Carson Valley in northwestern Douglas County, Nevada, United States. Mottsville is located at the junction of Nevada State Route 206 and Nevada State Route 207 3 miles (4.8 km) west-southwest of Minden.

Humboldt–Toiyabe National Forest
The Humboldt–Toiyabe National Forest (HTNF) is the principal U.S. National Forest in the U.S. state of Nevada, and has a smaller portion further west in Eastern California in the state of California. With an area of 6,289,821 acres (25,454.00 km2), it is the largest U.S. National Forest reservation outside of Alaska, further northwest on the North American continent.