hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Flag of Birmingham
The flag of Birmingham is the flag of the city of Birmingham in England. A flag for the city that is freely flyable by the community was adopted following a public competition in 2015.  It is distinct from the flag flown exclusively by Birmingham City Council which is a banner of arms derived from the city's coat of arms. A competition to design a new flag for public use was held during early 2015 with 470 proposed designs being entered into the competition.

The successful entry was announced on 23 July 2015 and was designed by 11 year old Thomas Keogh and David Smith.  It takes the form of a yellow bull's head, recalling Birmingham's Bull Ring, placed on a red field with an abstract yellow letter "B" on blue (the blue representing the city's expansive canal network) at the hoist which, when placed on its side, forms the Roman numeral "M" (1000) representing Birmingham's epithet "City of a Thousand Trades". The colour and design of the flag echo those of the coat of arms.

Bull Ring, Birmingham
The Bull Ring is a major shopping area in central Birmingham, England, consisting of open-air and indoor market stalls as well as a large indoor shopping centre.

The Bull Ring has been an important feature of Birmingham since the Middle Ages, when its market was first held, developing into its main market when the town grew into an industrial city. The current shopping centre complex, styled as "Bullring", forms the United Kingdom's largest city centre based shopping centre when coupled with Grand Central, to which it is connected via a pedestrian overpass, collectively branded as Bullring & Grand Central. The current Bullring opened in 2003, replacing a previous 1960s complex, and houses one of  only four Selfridges department stores in the country.

The site is located on the edge of the sandstone city ridge which results in the steep gradient towards Digbeth. The slope drops approximately 15 metres (49 ft) from New Street to St Martin's Church and is visible near the church.
Eshqua Bog Natural Area
The Eshqua Bog Natural Area is a protected area in Hartland, Vermont. It is 41 acres containing a wet bog. It is near Woodstock, about 11 miles west of White River Junction. There is a boardwalk allowing access to the wetland and views of rare plants. The flora of the area includes many post-glacial cold-climate plants native to bog and fen habitat, including Labrador tea, cotton grass, pitcher plants, showy lady's slippers, larches, and buckbean.

Pitcher plant
Pitcher plants are  carnivorous plants that have modified leaves known as pitfall traps—prey-trapping mechanisms featuring a deep cavity filled with digestive liquid. The traps of what are considered to be "true" pitcher plants are formed by specialized leaves. The plants attract and drown the prey with nectar.
Pete Beiden Field at Bob Bennett Stadium
Pete Beiden Field at Bob Bennett Stadium, formerly Varsity Park, is a baseball stadium on the campus of the California State University, Fresno in Fresno, California, United States.  It was built in 1966.  The field is the home of the Fresno State Bulldogs baseball team and named after former Fresno State baseball coach Pete Beiden.  The park was redesigned in 1983 and now holds 3,575 people.  Prior to the 2002 opening of Grizzlies Stadium, the park also was the home of the Fresno Grizzlies minor league baseball team.

Batting cage
A batting cage (or tunnel) is an enclosed area for baseball or softball players to practice the skill of batting.

The optimal material for batting cages is netting, and they are typically rectangular in shape. A chain-link fence is not required but can be useful to enclose the netting to prevent vandalism. However, this material is not suitable for the primary impact layer because it will warp the fencing and damage balls. The ideal netting for a batting cage is either diamond- or square-shaped. Both types of netting have their advantages and disadvantages.
1992 US Open – Women's singles
Defending champion Monica Seles defeated Arantxa Sánchez Vicario in the final, 6–3, 6–3 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 1992 US Open. It was her second US Open title and seventh major title overall. Seles did not lose a set during the tournament. By reaching the final, Seles became the sixth woman (after Maureen Connolly, Margaret Court, Chris Evert, Martina Navratilova, and Steffi Graf) to reach all four major finals in a calendar year. This the first time that both finalists at the tournament were from Europe.

Maureen Connolly
Maureen Catherine Connolly-Brinker (née Connolly; September 17, 1934 – June 21, 1969), known as "Little Mo", was an American tennis player, the winner of nine major singles titles in the early 1950s. In 1953, she became the first woman to win a Grand Slam (all four major tournaments during the same calendar year). She is also the only player in history to win a title without losing a set at all four major championships. The following year, in July 1954, a horseback riding accident seriously injured her right leg and ended her competitive tennis career at age 19. She died of ovarian cancer at the age of 34.
Buchtar Tabuni
Buchtar Tabuni (born 1979) is a Papuan independence activist, Chairman of the National Parliament of West Papua (PNWP), incorporating the National Committee for West Papua (Komite Nasional Papua Barat, KNPB), and United Liberation Movement for West Papua (ULMWP) representative.

National Committee for West Papua
The National Committee for West Papua (Indonesian: Komite Nasional Papua Barat, abbreviated KNPB) is an organization in Papua, Indonesia that campaigns peacefully for a self-determination referendum for Papuans. It was established on 19 November 2008 by a number of Papuan NGOs. The right to self-determination was provided for in an agreement between the Netherlands, Indonesia, and the UN in 1962.
Farmers by Nature
Farmers by Nature is an album by the collective jazz trio of Gerald Cleaver (drums), William Parker (bass), and Craig Taborn (piano). Cleaver specifically brought the trio together. They had previously played together on Rob Brown's album Crown Trunk Root Funk. The album was recorded live at The Stone in 2008 and released by the AUM Fidelity label.

Crown Trunk Root Funk
Crown Trunk Root Funk is an album by American jazz saxophonist Rob Brown recorded in 2007 and released on the AUM Fidelity label. He leads the Rob Brown Ensemble, which includes pianist Craig Taborn, bassist William Parker and drummer Gerald Cleaver. The group was initially formed for a performance at the 2006 Vision Festival.
Hal Colston
Hal Colston is an American Democratic politician who represented Chittenden-6-7 district in the Vermont House of Representatives from 2019 until 2023. He retired from the house before the 2022 Vermont House of Representatives election.

Vermont House of Representatives
The Vermont House of Representatives is the lower house of the Vermont General Assembly, the state legislature of Vermont. The House comprises 150 members, with each member representing around 4,100 citizens. Representatives are elected to two-year terms without term limits.

Vermont had a unicameral legislature until 1836. It added a senate by constitutional amendment. The House meets in Representatives Hall at the Vermont State House in Montpelier. It is the only U.S. state legislature whose debating chamber seating layout comes closer to that of the Westminster-style parliament found elsewhere, being similar to debating chambers in Australian state parliaments.
Fireworks (indie rock band)
Fireworks was an American garage rock band from Denton, Texas.

Fireworks was founded by Darin Lin Wood, a former member of the bands Cop Shoot Cop, '68 Comeback, and The Blacksnakes.  In 1993, he founded Fireworks with Chris Merlick. Merlick was an itinerant member, leaving the group and returning several times; its other members included drummer Janet Walker and guitarist James Arthur. They released an album on Crypt Records in 1994 and a sophomore effort on Au Go Go Records in 1996. Following this, Wood and Walker worked on a side band with Mick Collins of The Gories called Blacktop; this project released I Got a Bad Feelin' About This in 1995 on In The Red. Fireworks's last full-length appeared in 1997.

'68 Comeback
'68 Comeback is an American garage rock band formed in Memphis, Tennessee, in 1992 by singer, songwriter, and musicologist Jeffrey Evans. For the purposes of the band, Evans is frequently billed as either "Monsieur Evans" or "Monsieur Jeffrey Evans". The group contains a revolving cast of musicians, the only constant member being Evans himself.
Sleeping Beauty Peak
Sleeping Beauty is a 4,907-foot (1,496 m) mountain summit located in the Gifford Pinchot National Forest of Skamania County in Washington state. It is situated in the Cascade Range, 10.73 mi (17.27 km) southwest of Mount Adams. Sleeping Beauty is so named because its profile as seen from the east side of the Trout Lake Valley somewhat resembles a sleeping woman. Precipitation runoff from Sleeping Beauty drains into tributaries of the White Salmon River. The peak is composed of andesitic magma that intruded up into older volcanic rocks more than 25 million years ago and is now surrounded by a forest of old-growth Douglas fir and mountain hemlock. Sleeping Beauty Peak Trail is a 1.4 mile steep trail that ends at the base of the rock outcrop known as Sleeping Beauty. The peak was the site of a former fire lookout tower that was constructed in 1931.

Andesite
Andesite (/ˈændəzaɪt/) is a volcanic rock of intermediate composition. In a general sense, it is the intermediate type between silica-poor basalt and silica-rich rhyolite. It is fine-grained (aphanitic) to porphyritic in texture, and is composed predominantly of sodium-rich plagioclase plus pyroxene or hornblende.

Andesite is the extrusive equivalent of plutonic diorite. Characteristic of subduction zones, andesite represents the dominant rock type in island arcs. The average composition of the continental crust is andesitic.  Along with basalts, andesites are a component of the Martian crust.

The name andesite is derived from the Andes mountain range, where this rock type is found in abundance. It was first applied by Christian Leopold von Buch in 1826.
César Dávila Andrade
César Dávila Andrade (October 5, 1918, in Cuenca, Ecuador – May 2, 1967) was an Ecuadorian poet and writer.

His works displayed elements of neo-romanticism and surrealism.

He spent much of his life in Caracas, Venezuela.

Neo-romanticism
The term neo-romanticism is used to cover a variety of movements in philosophy, literature, music, painting, and architecture, as well as social movements, that exist after and incorporate elements from the era of Romanticism.

It has been used with reference to late-19th-century composers such as Richard Wagner particularly by Carl Dahlhaus who describes his music as "a late flowering of romanticism in a positivist age". He regards it as synonymous with "the age of Wagner", from about 1850 until 1890—the start of the era of modernism, whose leading early representatives were Richard Strauss and Gustav Mahler (Dahlhaus 1979, 98–99, 102, 105). It has been applied to writers, painters, and composers who rejected, abandoned, or opposed realism, naturalism, or avant-garde modernism at various points in time from about 1840 down to the present.
Bennett Peak
Bennett Peak is a high and prominent mountain summit in the San Juan Mountains range of the Rocky Mountains System, in southwestern Colorado.

The 13,209-foot (4,026 m) thirteener is located in Rio Grande National Forest, 14.2 miles (22.8 km) south-southwest (bearing 198°) of the Town of Del Norte in Rio Grande County.

Bennett Peak is the highest point in Rio Grande County.

Topographic prominence
In topography, prominence (also referred to as autonomous height, and shoulder drop in US English, and drop in British English) is the relative height of a mountain or hill's summit relative to the lowest contour line encircling it but containing no higher summit within it. It is a measure of the independence of a summit. The key col ("saddle") around the peak is a unique point on this contour line and the parent peak (if any) is some higher mountain, selected according to various criteria.
Diethylstilbestrol dipropionate
Diethylstilbestrol dipropionate (DESDP) (brand names Agostilben, Biokeral, Clinestrol, Cyclen, Estilbin, Estril, Neobenzoestrol, Orestol, Oroestrol, Ostregenin, Prostilbene, Stilbestriol DP, Stilboestrolum Dipropionicum, Stilboestrol, Synestrin, Willestrol, others), or diethylstilbestrol dipropanoate, also known as stilboestrol dipropionate (BANMTooltip British Approved Name), is a synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen of the stilbestrol group that was formerly marketed widely throughout Europe. It is an ester of diethylstilbestrol with propionic acid, and is more slowly absorbed in the body than diethylstilbestrol. The medication has been said to be one of the most potent estrogens known.

The medication has been available in both oral and intramuscular formulations.

British Approved Name
A British Approved Name (BAN) is the official, non-proprietary, or generic name given to a pharmaceutical substance, as defined in the British Pharmacopoeia (BP). The BAN is also the official name used in some countries around the world, because starting in 1953, proposed new names were evaluated by a panel of experts from WHO in conjunction with the BP commission  to ensure naming consistency worldwide (an effort leading to the International Nonproprietary Name system). There is also a British Approved Name (Modified) (BANM).
Pavlo Onysko
Pavlo Onysko (Ukrainian: Павло Степанович Онисько; born 12 July 1979) is a Ukrainian former professional football player.

Onysko became a professional football player with FC Karpaty Lviv, and after going on loan to FC Obolon Kyiv to seek more first team football, he was acquired by Illichivets in early 2003. He played sparingly for Illichivets' first team and suffered a long-term injury which led the club to release him in early 2004.

FC Karpaty Lviv
Football Club Karpaty Lviv (Ukrainian: Футбольний клуб "Карпати" Львів [kɐrˈpɑtɪ ˈlʲwiu̯]) is a Ukrainian professional football club based in Lviv.

In 2020–21 the club was reorganized and changed owners. During that period, two clubs existed with the same name - one at professional level competitions and another at amateur.
Batmönkhiin Achbadrakh
Batmönkhiin Achbadrakh (Mongolian: Батмөнхийн Ачбадрах, born 21 December 1994) is a Mongolian cross-country skier who competed for Mongolia at the 2018 Winter Olympics. He was their flag bearer at the opening ceremony. He also competed in the 2022 Winter Olympics, where he placed 65th in the Men's 15km classic.

Standard-bearer
A standard-bearer, also known as a colour-bearer or flag-bearer, is a person who bears an emblem known as a standard or military colours, i.e. either a type of flag or an inflexible but mobile image, which is used (and often honoured) as a formal, visual symbol of a state, prince, military unit, etc. This can either be an occasional duty, often seen as an honour (especially on parade), or a permanent charge (also on the battlefield); the second type has even led in certain cases to this task being reflected in official rank titles such as Chorąży, Ensign, Cornet, Fähnrich and Alferes/Alférez.
Domingos Sávio
Domingos Sávio Campos Resende (born 25 March 1957) is a Brazilian politician serving as a member of the Chamber of Deputies since 2011. From 2003 to 2011, he was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Minas Gerais. From 1997 to 2000, he served as mayor of Divinópolis.

Divinópolis
Divinópolis is a municipality in the centre-west of Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The estimated population in 2020 was 240,408 inhabitants. The total area of the municipality is 709 km2 and the elevation is 712 metres. It is 120 km from state capital Belo Horizonte. Divinópolis is the seat of the Regional Administration of the Upper São Francisco River.
Fung Kwok Wai
Fung Kwok Wai (Chinese: 馮國威; born 22 August 1977) is an amateur snooker player from Hong Kong.

Fung reached the quarter final at the 2006 IBSF World Championships in Amman, Jordan, where he was eliminated by Daniel Ward 6–3. He won the silver medal in the 2006 Asian Games with the men's snooker team.  He also won the gold medal in the 2009 East Asian Games with the men's snooker team.

2006 IBSF World Snooker Championship
The 2006 IBSF World Snooker Championship was an amateur snooker event, sanctioned by the International Billiards and Snooker Federation, held at the Amman Olympics Sports Centre in Amman, Jordan from November 5-November 15, 2006.
Zabar Kuh
Zabar Kuh (Persian: زبركوه, also Romanized as Zabar Kūh; also known as Zir Kooh and Zīr Kūh) is a village in Kuh Yakhab Rural District, Dastgerdan District, Tabas County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 67, in 21 families.

Kuh Yakhab Rural District
Kuh Yakhab Rural District (Persian: دهستان كوه يخاب) is in Kuh Yakhab District of Eshqabad County, South Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Yakhab. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Tappeh Taq.
Disposal tax effect
The situation of additional taxes or tax savings resulting from selling the last item of its class in an inventory due to the difference between its undepreciated capital cost (UCC) and its salvage value (SV).

Residual value
Residual value also known as salvage value describes the future value of a good in terms of absolute value in monetary terms after depreciation, and it is sometimes abbreviated into a percentage of the initial price when the item was new. It is one of the constituents of a leasing calculation or operation and is a key concept in accounting. It represents the amount of value that the owner of an asset can expect to obtain when the asset of its lease or when it reaches the end of its useful life.

Example: A car is sold at a list price of $20,000 today. After a usage of 36 months and 50,000 miles (ca. 80,467 km) its value is contractually defined as $10,000 or 50%. The credited amount, on which the interest is applied, thus is $20,000 present value minus the present value of $10,000 future value.
Nazar Ashraf
Nazar Ashraf Salman (Arabic: نِزَار أَشْرَف سَلْمَان; born 2 November 1953) is a former Iraq national player and coach, who was the assistant coach of Iraq from 2014 to 2016. He also competed in the men's tournament at the 1980 Summer Olympics, where Iraq finished equal 5th.

Football at the 1980 Summer Olympics
The football tournament at the 1980 Summer Olympics started on 20 July and ended on 2 August. Only one event, the men's tournament, was contested. Seven qualified countries did not participate, joining the American-led boycott in protest of the December 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.

Sixteen teams were divided into four groups:

Group A (USSR, Cuba, Venezuela, Zambia)

Group B (Colombia, Kuwait, Nigeria, Czechoslovakia)

Group C (Algeria, Spain, GDR, Syria)

Group D (Costa Rica, Finland, Iraq, Yugoslavia)

In the technical report following the competition, FIFA reported that: "Compared with the 1979 World Youth Tournament in Japan and the 1978 World Cup finals in Argentina, the standard of football at the Olympic Football Tournament was generally of an inferior quality".

The tournament was primarily hosted by Moscow and Leningrad in the Russian SFSR, with some group stage games in Kiev, Ukrainian SSR and Minsk, Byelorussian SSR.
Legg's Dependence
Legg's Dependence, also known as Long Creek Farm and William E. Porter Farm, is a historic home located at Stevensville, Queen Anne's County, Maryland.  It is a 2+1⁄2-story center-hall plan Flemish bond brick house.  It was built in several stages beginning around 1760–80, as a single-story hall/parlor plan dwelling.  It was enlarged to its present form during the second quarter of the 19th century.

The estate at one point was home to an enslaved husband and wife, Sling and Sarah Louis, who were sold through a trader in Richmond, Virginia, to the owner of a plantation near Ashbie's Gap in Virginia. One or both of Sling and Sarah's parents later escaped with the help of Harriet Tubman and found their way to Philadelphia.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

Queen Anne's County, Maryland
Queen Anne's County is a county located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 49,874. Its county seat and most populous municipality is Centreville. The census-designated place of Stevensville is the county's most populous place with a population of 7,442 as of 2020. The county is named for Queen Anne of Great Britain, who reigned when the county was established in 1706 during the colonial period. The county is part of the Mid-Eastern Shore region of the state.

Queen Anne's County is included in the Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Washington-Baltimore-Arlington, DC-MD-VA-WV-PA Combined Statistical Area, and is the easternmost in both.

Chesapeake Bay Bridge connects Kent Island in Queen Anne's County across Chesapeake Bay to Anne Arundel County. The American Discovery Trail runs through the county.
Henfield
Henfield is a large village and civil parish in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England. It lies 41 miles (66 km) south of London, 12 miles (19 km) northwest of Brighton, and 30 miles (48 km) east northeast of the county town of Chichester at the road junction of the A281 and A2037. The parish has a land area of 4,285 acres (1,734.1 ha). In the 2001 census 5,012 people lived in 2,153 households, of whom 2,361 were economically active. Other nearby towns include Burgess Hill to the east and Shoreham-by-Sea to the south. The population at the 2011 Census was 5,349.

Just west of the village, the two branches of the River Adur, the western Adur and the eastern Adur, meet at Betley Bridge. From Henfield the Adur flows on into the English Channel at Shoreham-by-Sea.

Henfield was already a large village, of 52 households, at the time of Domesday (1086).

Hydrocotyle vulgaris
Hydrocotyle vulgaris, the marsh pennywort, common pennywort, water naval, money plant, lucky plant, dollarweed or copper coin, is a small creeping aquatic perennial plant native to North Africa, Europe, the Caucasus and parts of the Levant.
Open file
An open file in chess is a file with no pawns of either color on it.  In the diagram, the e-file is an open file.  An open file can provide a line of attack for a rook or queen. Having rooks or queens on open files or half-open files is considered advantageous, as it allows a player to attack more easily, since a rook or queen can move down the file to penetrate the opponent's position.

Queen (chess)
The queen (♕, ♛) is the most powerful piece in the game of chess. It can move any number of squares vertically, horizontally or diagonally, combining the powers of the rook and bishop. Each player starts the game with one queen, placed in the middle of the first rank next to the king. Because the queen is the strongest piece, a pawn is promoted to a queen in the vast majority of cases; if a pawn is promoted to a piece other than a queen, it is an underpromotion.

The predecessor to the queen is the ferz, a weak piece only able to move or capture one step diagonally, originating from the Persian game of shatranj. The queen acquired its modern move in Spain in the 15th century.
Dairyū-ji
Dairyū-ji (大龍寺) is the name of multiple Buddhist temples in Japan:

Dairyū-ji (Aizuwakamatsu), in Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima Prefecture

Dairyū-ji (Gifu) in Gifu, Gifu Prefecture

Dairyū-ji (Kobe), in Kobe, Hyōgo Prefecture

Dairyū-ji (Higashiōsaka), in Higashiōsaka, Osaka Prefecture

Dairyū-ji (Gifu)
Dairyū-ji (大龍寺) is a Buddhist temple of the Rinzai school located in Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. It is one of the Mino Thirty-three Kannon. It is located near the Takatomi-chō area of Yamagata, so it is also sometimes referred to as Takatomi Dairyū-ji (高富大龍寺). Also, it has an annual festival at which daruma dolls are burned, giving it another nickname, Daruma Kannon (だるま観音).

The temple has strong ties to both the Toki clan and Inaba Ittetsu.