hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Petroleum industry in Nigeria
Nigeria is the largest oil and gas producer in Africa. Crude oil from the Niger Delta basin mostly comes in two types: light, and comparatively heavy – the lighter crude has API gravity of approximately  36 while the heavier crude has  API gravity range 20 -25. Both types are paraffinic and low in sulfur. Nigeria's economy and budget have been largely supported from income and revenues generated from the petroleum industry since 1960. Statistics as at February 2021 show that the Nigerian oil sector contributes to about 9% of the GDP of the nation.

The need for holistic reforms in the petroleum industry, ease of doing business, and encouragement of local content in the industry birthed the Petroleum Industry Bill by the Goodluck Jonathan administration on 18 July 2008.

Holism
Holism is the interdisciplinary idea that systems possess properties as wholes apart from the properties of their component parts.
The aphorism "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts", typically attributed to Aristotle, is often given as a summary of this proposal. The concept of holism can inform the methodology for a broad array of scientific fields and lifestyle practices. When applications of holism are said to reveal properties of a whole system beyond those of its parts, these qualities are referred to as emergent properties of that system. Holism in all contexts is often placed in opposition to reductionism, a dominant notion in the philosophy of science that systems containing parts contain no unique properties beyond those parts. Proponents of holism consider the search for emergent properties within systems to be demonstrative of their perspective.
Scott Targett
Scott Targett is a businessman in the province of New Brunswick, Canada.  He is also a former politician having served in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 2003 to 2006.

A Liberal, he served in the shadow cabinet of Shawn Graham critiquing the ministers of natural resources and later human resources.  He was also chair of the Liberal caucus from 2003 to 2004.

Born in rural New Brunswick, Targett was educated at the University of New Brunswick. He married Rhonda MacDonald.

Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick
The Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick (French: Assemblée législative du Nouveau-Brunswick) is the deliberative assembly of the New Brunswick Legislature, in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. The assembly's seat is located in Fredericton. It was established in Saint John de jure when the colony was created in 1784 but came into session only in 1786, following the first elections in late 1785. The legislative assembly was originally the lower house in a bicameral legislature. Its upper house counterpart, the Legislative Council of New Brunswick, was abolished in 1891.  Its members are called "Members of the Legislative Assembly", commonly referred to as "MLAs".
Kaikki hedelmät
Kaikki hedelmät (All the Fruits) is the third compilation album by the Finnish rock group CMX. It was published on November 5, 2008. Unlike previous two triple compilation albums it concentrates on hits and singles. It includes two new songs that are to be released also separately.

CMX (band)
CMX, originally Cloaca Maxima, is a Finnish rock band. They originally played hardcore punk, but soon expanded to play a wide variety of rock formats, including progressive rock, heavy metal, and mainstream rock 'n' roll. Throughout their career, they have been influenced by progressive rock bands such as Rush, Yes, Tool and King Crimson. The progressive influence is most evident on their albums Dinosaurus Stereophonicus (2000) and Talvikuningas (2007).

CMX have gradually gained large-scale mainstream following in Finland. They are especially known for the poetic lyrics of A. W. Yrjänä that often contain references to mythology and religion. Finnish rock magazines, particularly Rumba, have named them Best Band of the Year multiple times, and even Best Band of All Time on one occasion.
1964 United States presidential election in Indiana
A presidential election was held in Indiana on November 3, 1964, as part of the 1964 United States presidential election. The Democratic ticket of the incumbent president of the United States Lyndon B. Johnson and the senior U.S. senator from Minnesota Hubert Humphrey defeated the Republican ticket of the junior U.S. senator from Arizona Barry Goldwater and the U.S. representative from New York's 40th congressional district William E. Miller. Johnson defeated Goldwater in the national election with 486 electoral votes.

New York's 40th congressional district
The 40th congressional district of New York was a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in New York. It was created in 1913 as a result of the 1910 census. It was eliminated in 1973 as a result of the 1970 redistricting cycle after the 1970 United States census. It was last represented by Henry P. Smith III who was redistricted into the 36th district.
Velure
Velure is an alternative rock and Southern rock band based in Athens, Georgia, though five of the six members (Rich, Jeff, Ben, Franher, and Darren) now reside in Atlanta, Georgia. Their music is noteworthy for their live shows, four-part harmonies, lyrical content, and diverse sound.

40 Watt Club
The 40 Watt Club is a music venue in Athens, Georgia. Along with CBGB, the Whisky a Go Go, and selected others, it was instrumental in launching American punk rock and new wave music.

The 40 Watt Club was the primary performance space for numerous "Athens bands", including Pylon, R.E.M., Love Tractor, Dreams So Real, Guadalcanal Diary, the Primates, Modern Skirts, and others. Its DIY ethos and informality were instrumental in the fostering of punk rock and a "scene" in Athens. In more recent years, the club has been the home-base for such nationally renowned local bands as of Montreal, Reptar, Drive-By Truckers, and the Whigs.

The club's owner since 1987 has been Barrie Buck.
Alan McHugh
Alan McHugh is a Scottish actor, comedian and writer.  He is best known for his roles in television shows such as Taggart (as Assistant Chief Constable Strathairn), Take the High Road, Limmy's Show, and Rab C. Nesbitt. He co-wrote the jukebox stage musical I Dreamed a Dream about the rise of Scottish singer Susan Boyle alongside fellow comedian Elaine C. Smith.

Jukebox musical
A jukebox musical is a stage musical or musical film in which a majority of the songs are well-known, pre-existing popular music songs, rather than original music composed for the musical.

Some jukebox musicals use a wide variety of songs, while others confine themselves to songs previously performed by one singer or band, or written by one songwriter. In such cases, the plot is often a biography of the artist or artists. In other jukebox musicals, the plot is purely fictional. For musicals about a musician or musical act, some of the songs can be diegetic, meaning that they are performed within the world of the play or film. Works in which all of the music is diegetic, however, such as a biographical film about a singer who is at times shown performing their songs, are generally not considered jukebox musicals.

Revues that lack a plot are also usually not described as jukebox musicals, although plotless shows that include a dance element sometimes are.
Merrick Denton-Thompson
Merrick Denton-Thompson OBE FLI PPLI is a British landscape architect and environmentalist. He served as President of the Landscape Institute from 2016 to 2018 and has held senior roles in local government, Natural England, and a range of environmental charities and trusts.

Landscape architect
A landscape architect is a person who is educated and trained in the field of landscape architecture.

According to the International Federation of Landscape Architects, which draws on International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO/08, 2162), the profession is defined as:

Landscape Architects plan, design and manage natural and built environments, applying aesthetic and scientific principles to address ecological sustainability, quality and health of landscapes, collective memory, heritage and culture, and territorial justice.

Other definitions emphasise the technical and regulatory aspects of practice. For example, landscape architecture may include site analysis and inventory, land and site planning, planting design, grading and earthworks, nature based solutions, stormwater management, sustainable design, engagement, construction specification, and ensuring compliance with building codes, planning policy, and environmental regulation.
Fette Fraktur
Fette Fraktur is a blackletter typeface of the sub-classification Fraktur designed by the German punchcutter Johann Christian Bauer (1802–1867) in 1850. The C.E. Weber Foundry published a version in 1875, and the D Stempel AG foundry published the version shown here in 1908.

Fette Fraktur (German for bold Fraktur) is based on the Fraktur type of blackletter faces. This heavy nineteenth century version was developed more for advertising than text, similar to the extremely heavy fat face advertising versions of Didone classification faces.

Punchcutting
Punchcutting is a craft used in traditional typography to cut letter punches in steel as the first stage of making metal type. Steel punches in the shape of the letter would be used to stamp matrices into copper, which were locked into a mould shape to cast type. Cutting punches and casting type was the first step of traditional typesetting. The cutting of letter punches was a highly skilled craft requiring much patience and practice. Often the designer of the type would not be personally involved in the cutting.

The initial design for type would be two-dimensional, but a punch has depth, and the three-dimensional shape of the punch, as well as factors such as the angle and depth to which it was driven into the matrix, would affect the appearance of the type on the page. The angle of the side of the punch was particularly significant.
Texas Low Emission Diesel standards
Texas Low Emission Diesel standards (TxLED) are rules regulating the quality of diesel fuels, intended to reduce pollutants (especially NOx).  Since October 31, 2005, diesel fuel to be consumed by engines in 110 counties in Eastern Texas must meet these requirements:

Maximum aromatic hydrocarbon content of 10% by volume.

Minimum cetane number of 48.

Alternatively, diesel fuel that complies with the specifications of a California Air Resources Board (CARB) certified alternative diesel formulation that was approved by CARB before January 18, 2005, may be used, as can fuel approved by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) that is proven to have emissions equivalent to or less than TxLED compliant fuel.

Cetane number
Cetane number (cetane rating, CN)  is an indicator of the combustion speed of diesel fuel and compression needed for ignition. It plays a similar role for diesel as octane rating does for gasoline. The CN is an important factor in determining the quality of diesel fuel, but not the only one; other measurements of diesel fuel's quality include (but are not limited to) energy content, density, lubricity, cold-flow properties and sulfur content.
Toechima daemelianum
Toechima daemelianum, commonly known as cape tamarind, is an evergreen  tree from north-east Queensland in Australia. It grows up to 13 metres high and a trunk which may be up to 20 cm wide.

The species was formally described in 1875 by Victorian Government Botanist Ferdinand von Mueller in the ninth volume of his Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae. Mueller placed the species in the genus Cupania, naming it Cupania daemeliana, in honour of Edward Daemel who collected plant material from Cape York.
In 1879, Bavarian botanist Ludwig Radlkofer reassigned the species to the genus Toechima.

Toechima daemelianum is found in dry and riverine rainforest between Cape York and Tully.

Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae
Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae is a series of papers written by the Victorian Government botanist Ferdinand von Mueller in which he published many of his approximately 2000 descriptions of new taxa of Australian plants. It includes the plant genera of Reedia (belonging to the family Cyperaceae), and Acomis (in the daisy family).
The papers were issued in 94 parts between 1858 and 1882 and published in 11 volumes. Though a 12th volume was apparently planned, it was not published. It is the only scientific periodical in Australia that has been completely written in Latin.

One of the illustrators of the series was Ludwig Becker.
Season's Call
"Season's Call" is the Japanese singer, Hyde's seventh single and second single from his album Faith, released 22 February 2006. This is the second single co-produced by Hyde and K.A.Z and has a bonus track "Unexpected (Dist.)", a rock version of the first track from Hyde's first solo album Roentgen (2002).

"Season's Call" was used as the second opening theme for the Japanese anime Blood+ and topped Oricon charts, returning Hyde to the #1 position on the charts after his successful sixth single "Countdown". It was certified gold by RIAJ for selling over 100,000 copies and was the 97th best-selling single in Japan in 2006.

Two editions of this single were released. The normal contained just the audio CD. The "limited edition," in addition to the audio CD, came with a DVD of the "Season's Call" music video and Blood+ sticker.

Recording Industry Association of Japan
The Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ) (日本レコード協会, Nihon Rekōdo Kyōkai) is an industry trade group composed of Japanese corporations involved in the music industry. It was founded in 1942 as the Japan Phonogram Record Cultural Association, and adopted its current name in 1969.

The RIAJ's activities include promotion of music sales, enforcement of copyright law, and research related to the Japanese music industry. It publishes the annual RIAJ Year Book, a statistical summary of each year's music sales, as well as distributing a variety of other data.

Headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, the RIAJ has twenty member companies and a smaller number of associate and supporting members; some member companies are the Japanese branches of multinational corporations headquartered elsewhere.

The association is responsible for certifying gold and platinum albums and singles in Japan.
Ardabil Anthropology Museum
Ardabil Anthropology Museum (Persian: موزه مردم‌شناسی اردبیل) is a museum in Ardabil, Iran. The building of the museum was originally a historical bath with the name of Zahir-al-Islam, belonging to the pre-Safavid period, about second half of the seventh century AH. Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran changed it to the Museum of Anthropology in 1999.

Ardabil
Ardabil (Persian: اردبیل, pronunciationⓘ) is a city in northwestern Iran. It is in the Central District of Ardabil County, Ardabil province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district.

The city of Ardabil lies close to the borders of the Republic of Azerbaijan, 40 kilometers from the village of Diqo.

As of the 2022 census, Ardabil's population was 588,000. The population of Ardabil County is about 650,000 with the majority Shia Muslim.

For a brief period in the 10th century, Ardabil was the principal city of Azerbaijan, but it was eventually replaced by Tabriz.

Ardabil is known for its trade in silk and carpets. Ardabil rugs are renowned and the ancient Ardabil carpets are considered among the best of classical Persian carpets. Ardabil is also home to a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Sheikh Safi al-Din Khanegah and Shrine Ensemble, the sanctuary and tomb of Shaikh Safi ad-Din, and the tomb of Ismail I, founder of the Safavid Empire.
Srednji Dolič
Srednji Dolič (pronounced [ˈsɾeːdnji ˈdɔːlitʃ] or [ˈsɾeːdnji ˈdoːlitʃ]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Mislinja in northern Slovenia. It lies at the upper course of the Paka River, in the hills either side of the regional road from Mislinja to Vitanje. The area is part of the traditional region of Carinthia. It is now included in the Carinthia Statistical Region.

Vitanje
Vitanje (pronounced [ˈʋiːtanjɛ], formerly Vitanje trg, sometimes Vitanjski trg, German: (Markt) Weitenstein) is a small town in northeastern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Vitanje. It lies on the Hudinja River north of Celje. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria and is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region. From the 11th century onwards it became a regional centre and was granted market rights in 1306.
AS Forces Armées (basketball)
AS Forces Armées, also known as ASFA, is a professional basketball team that is based in Senegal. They play in the Senegalese League. The team has won the Africa Clubs Championship three times, being behind only C.D. Primeiro de Agosto for most continental titles.

C.D. Primeiro de Agosto (men's basketball)
Clube Desportivo Primeiro de Agosto is an Angolan men's basketball team based in Luanda. The team is part of the multi-sports club with the same name. The club is attached to the Angolan Armed Forces which is its main sponsor. The team competes at the local level at the Luanda Provincial Basketball Championship and at the BIC Basket. In the past, it has played in the Africa Basketball League competitions.

Primeiro de Agosto is the most decorated team in Africa and holds the record for titles won in the African Basketball Club Champions League, with nine championships, their last one being in 2019.
Olga Markova (figure skater)
Olga Dmitriyevna Markova (Russian: Ольга Дмитриевна Маркова; born 22 January 1974) is a Russian former competitive figure skater who currently works as a coach, choreographer, and technical specialist. She is a two-time European medalist (bronze in 1994 and silver in 1995), and the 1994 Russian national champion.

1994 European Figure Skating Championships
The 1994 European Figure Skating Championships was a senior-level international competition held in Copenhagen, Denmark. Elite skaters from European ISU member nations competed in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.
Achieved
Achieved (13 May 1979 – 1993) was an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. He won four of his nine races in a track career which lasted from July 1981 to September 1982. As a two-year-old he was undefeated in three starts including the Phoenix Stakes and the Champagne Stakes and was rated the best horse of his generation in Ireland. In the following year he won the Tetrarch Stakes and later finished third in both the Sussex Stakes and the Queen Elizabeth II Stakes. He was retired at the end of the year to become a breeding stallion but had no success as a sire of winners.

Champagne Stakes (Great Britain)
The Champagne Stakes is a Group 2 flat horse race in Great Britain open to two-year-old colts and geldings. It is run at Doncaster over a distance of 7 furlongs and 6 yards (1,414 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.
Gudmunder Grimson
Gudmundur Grimson (November 20, 1878 – June 22, 1965) was a justice of the North Dakota Supreme Court from September 19, 1949, to December 31, 1958.

Born in Iceland, Grimson was brought by his family to the Dakota Territory in 1882. They settled in what would eventually become Milton, North Dakota, where Grimson attended and then taught in the public schools. Beginning in 1898, Milton attended the University of North Dakota in intermittently, receiving a B.A. in 1904 and an M.A. in 1905. He was a Fellow of the University of Chicago in 1905 and 1906, and received his law degree from the University of North Dakota in 1906.

University of North Dakota
The University of North Dakota (UND) is a public research university in Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States. It was established by the Dakota Territorial Assembly in 1883, six years before the establishment of the state of North Dakota.

The university has the only schools of law and medicine in the state of North Dakota. The John D. Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences was the first in the country to offer a degree in unmanned aircraft systems operation. Several national research institutions are on the university's campus including the Energy and Environmental Research Center, the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, and the USDA Human Nutrition Research Center. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral universities – very high research activity".
Achilles Statius
Achilles Statius (or Aquiles Estaço) (12 June 1524, Vidigueira – 17 September 1581) was a Portuguese humanist and writer, since 1555 living in Rome, where he was a secretary of the pope. Achilles Statius is now mostly known from his extensive Latin commentary to Catullus, published in 1566.

Catullus
Gaius Valerius Catullus (Classical Latin: [ˈɡaːius waˈlɛrius kaˈtullus]; c. 84 – c. 54 BC), known as Catullus (kə-TUL-əs), was a Latin neoteric poet of the late Roman Republic. His surviving works remain widely read due to their popularity as teaching tools and because of their personal or sexual themes.
Ohio State Route 603
State Route 603 (SR 603) is a north–south state highway in the northern portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. Its southern terminus is at State Route 95 near Perrysville, and its northern terminus is at State Routes 61 and 98 in Plymouth along the Baseline Road that separates Huron County and Richland County, and subsequently the southern boundary of the Firelands and Connecticut Western Reserve.

Richland County, Ohio
Richland County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 124,936. Its county seat is Mansfield. The county was created in 1808 and later organized in 1813. It is named for the fertile soil found there. Richland County is included in the Mansfield, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the Mansfield-Ashland-Bucyrus, OH Combined Statistical Area. The county is one of the six Metropolitan Statistical Areas that make up Northeast Ohio.
Politics in the San Francisco Bay Area
Politics in the San Francisco Bay Area is widely regarded as one of the most liberal in the country. According to the California Secretary of State, the Democratic Party holds a voter registration advantage in every congressional district, State Senate district, State Assembly district, State Board of Equalization district, County Board of Supervisors district, all nine counties, and all of the 101 incorporated municipalities in the Bay Area. The Republican Party holds a voter registration advantage in one congressional sub-district (the portion of the 9th in Contra Costa County) and unincorporated Solano County.

Since 1960, the nine-county Bay Area has voted for Republican presidential candidates only twice: in 1972 for Richard Nixon and in 1980 for Ronald Reagan, both Californians. The last county to vote for a Republican presidential candidate was Napa County in 1988 for George H. W. Bush.

Board of supervisors
A board of supervisors is a governmental body that oversees the operation of county government in the U.S. states of Arizona, California, Iowa, Mississippi, Virginia, and Wisconsin, as well as 16 counties in New York. There are equivalent agencies in other states.

Similar to a city council, a board of supervisors has legislative, executive, and quasi-judicial powers. The important difference is that a county is an administrative division of a state, whereas a city is a municipal corporation; thus, counties implement and, as necessary, refine the local application of state law and public policy, while cities produce and implement their own local laws and public policy (subject to the overriding authority of state law). Often they are concerned with the provision of courts, jails, public health and public lands.