hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Elisabeth Schumacher
Elisabeth Schumacher (née Hohenemser; 28 April 1904 – 22 December 1942 in Plötzensee Prison, Berlin) was a German artist, photographer, and resistance fighter against the Nazi regime. She was a member of the Berlin-based anti-fascist resistance group that was later called the Red Orchestra (Rote Kapelle) by the Abwehr, during the Third Reich. Schumacher trained as an artist, but as her father was Jewish, she was classified as half-Jewish or Mischling, so worked as a graphic artist, before joining the resistance efforts.

Mischling
Mischling (German: [ˈmɪʃlɪŋ] ⓘ; lit. 'mix-ling'; pl. Mischlinge) was a pejorative legal term which was used in Nazi Germany to denote persons of mixed "Aryan" and "non-Aryan", such as Jewish, ancestry as they were classified by the Nuremberg racial laws of 1935. In German, the word has the general connotation of “hybrid”, “mongrel”, or “half-breed”. Outside its use in official Nazi terminology, the term Mischlingskinder ('mixed children') was later used to refer to war babies born to non-white soldiers and German mothers in the aftermath of World War II.
Nebelkerzenabwurfvorrichtung
The Nebelkerzenabwurfvorrichtung (literally “fog-candle-dropping-device,” i.e. smoke grenade dispenser, abbreviated N.K.A.V.) was a rear mounted grenade dispenser used to disperse the Schnellnebelkerze 39 smoke grenade. It was typically found on German tanks from 1939 through 1942.

Balkenkreuz
The Balkenkreuz (lit. 'beam cross'  or 'bar cross')
is a straight-armed cross that was first introduced in 1916–1918 and later became the emblem of the Wehrmacht (German Armed Forces) and its branches from 1935 until the end of World War II. It was used by the Wehrmacht Heer (Army), Luftwaffe (Air Force), and Kriegsmarine (Navy).
2018 Timbuktu attack
On 14 April 2018, militants attacked the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) base in Timbuktu Airport, known informally as the "super camp". The JNIM later claimed responsibility for the attack, in reprisal for the deaths of some of their commanders in clashes that occurred about a week earlier.

Jama'at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin
Jama'at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (Arabic: جماعة نصرة الإسلام والمسلمين, JNIM; French: Groupe de soutien à l'islam et aux musulmans, GSIM; lit. 'Support Group for Islam and Muslims') is a Salafi Jihadist organisation in the Maghreb and West Africa formed by the merger of Ansar Dine, al-Mourabitoun and the Saharan branch of al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (a militant wing of Al-Qaeda). Its leaders swore allegiance to Ayman al-Zawahiri.

In the early 2020s, JNIM was reported to be the fastest-growing  militant organization in the world. As of 2025, it is considered the most heavily armed militant group in the Sahel and one of the most powerful globally. The group operates a decentralized proto-state model in areas under its control, enforcing a strict interpretation of Islamic law and collecting taxes. Its influence is presently expanding southward into coastal West African countries, including Benin and Togo.
Limonite
Limonite (/ˈlaɪməˌnaɪt/) is an iron ore consisting of a mixture of hydrated iron(III) oxide-hydroxides in varying composition. The generic formula is frequently written as FeO(OH)·nH2O, although this is not entirely accurate as the ratio of oxide to hydroxide can vary quite widely. Limonite is one of the three principal iron ores, the others being hematite and magnetite, and has been mined for the production of iron since at least 400 BC.

Oxide
An oxide (/ˈɒksaɪd/) is a chemical compound containing at least one oxygen atom and one other element in its chemical formula. "Oxide" itself is the dianion (anion bearing a net charge of −2) of oxygen, an O2− ion with oxygen in the oxidation state of −2. Most of the Earth's crust consists of oxides. Even materials considered pure elements often develop an oxide coating. For example, aluminium foil develops a thin skin of Al2O3 (called a passivation layer) that protects the foil from further oxidation.
Harbor Springs Municipal Airport
Harbor Springs Municipal Airport (ICAO: KMGN, FAA LID: MGN), also known as Harbor Springs Airport, is a public airport located three miles (5 km) east of the central business district of Harbor Springs, a city in Emmet County, Michigan, United States. It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021, in which it is categorized as a local general aviation facility.

Although most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, Harbor Springs Municipal Airport is assigned MGN by the FAA but has no designation from the IATA (which assigned MGN to Baracoa Regional Airport in Magangué, Colombia). The airport's ICAO identifier is KMGN.

The airport has a skydiving facility recognized by the U.S. Parachute Association.

Emmet County, Michigan
Emmet County is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 34,112, making it the second-most populous county in Northern Michigan (behind Grand Traverse County). The county seat is Petoskey, which is also the county's largest city.

Emmet County is located at the top of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan, bounded on the west by Lake Michigan and on the north by the Straits of Mackinac. Its rural areas are habitat for several endangered species. Long a center of occupation by the Odawa people, today the county is the base for the federally recognized Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians.
James Walsh (Irish priest)
Christianity portal

James Hornidge Walsh (13 April 1837 – 4 September 1919) was an Irish Anglican priest who was Dean of Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin from 1908 to 1918.

He was born in Calvestown, near Tyrrellspass, County Westmeath, the son of  Robert Walsh. He was educated at Elphin School, County Roscommon, and earned a scholarship to Trinity College, Dublin. After earning his B.A., was ordained in 1860 and earned an M.A. in 1864, B.D. in 1872 and eventually D.D.

He served as Assistant to Archbishop King's Professor of Divinity at Trinity College from 1877 to 1883. He held curacies in Dublin and Adare and incumbencies in Limerick. In 1883, when St Stephen's became a parish in its own right, Walsh was appointed its first rector and served there until entering the Deanery  of Christ Church in 1908.

He died in Dublin South, aged 82.

County Westmeath
County Westmeath (/wɛstˈmiːð/; Irish: Contae na hIarmhí or simply An Iarmhí) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and is part of the Eastern and Midland Region. It formed part of the historic Kingdom of Meath, which was named Mide because the kingdom was located in the geographical centre of Ireland (the word Mide meaning 'middle'). Westmeath County Council is the administrative body for the county, and the county town is Mullingar. At the 2022 census, the population of the county was 95,840.
Ywathitgyi
Ywathitgyi is a small town in Sagaing District in the southeast of the Sagaing Division in Burma (Myanmar).  It is located east of Legyi and west of the regional capital of Sagaing.  The town lies on the right (northern) side of the Irrawaddy, several miles south of the Ngaizun rocks and the town of Ngaizun. Formerly, when the river was low, Ywathitgyi was the height of navigation for steamers. Ywathitgyi was and is a shipping transfer point for the cotton grown and the cotton products produced in the area.  In the early days of the British occupation, Chinese dealers set up cotton brokerages in Ywathitgyi.

Sagaing Region
Sagaing Region (Burmese: စစ်ကိုင်းတိုင်းဒေသကြီး, pronounced [zəɡáɪ̯ɰ̃ táɪ̯ɰ̃ dèθa̰ dʑí]; formerly Sagaing Division) is an administrative region of Myanmar, located in the north-western part of the country between latitude 21° 30' north and longitude 94° 97' east. It is bordered by Chin State and India's Nagaland, Manipur, and Arunachal Pradesh states to the west and north, Kachin State, Shan State, and Mandalay Region to the east and Mandalay Region and Magway Region to the south. The Ayeyarwady River forms a greater part of its eastern and also southern boundary. Sagaing Region has an area of 93,527 square kilometres (36,111 sq mi), making it the second-largest subdivision of Myanmar. In 1996, it had a population of over 5,300,000, while its population in 2012 was 6,600,000. The urban population 2012 was 1,230,000, and the rural population was 5,360,000. The namesake of Sagaing Region is Sagaing but the administrative capital and largest city is Monywa.
Djrum
Felix Manuel better known by his stage name Djrum (stylised as DjRUM) (/dɹʌm/ ⓘ) is a British electronic music DJ and producer. His music spans a wide range of genres and influences including jazz, techno, UK garage, ambient and dubstep.

He is known for his unpredictable and eclectic approach to DJ performance, as well as his narrative and introspective approach to electronic music production. Manuel has released music on several UK-based electronic music record labels including Second Drop, R&S Records and Houndstooth Records.

Breakcore
Breakcore is a style of electronic dance music that emerged from jungle, hardcore, and drum and bass in the mid-to-late 1990s. It is characterized by very complex and intricate breakbeats and a wide palette of sampling sources played at high tempos.
2018 Chevrolet Detroit Grand Prix
The Chevrolet Detroit Grand Prix presented by Lear Corporation was the lone doubleheader event of the 2018 IndyCar Series season, consisting of the 7th and 8th rounds of the championship. The event was held at The Raceway at Belle Isle in Detroit, Michigan. Scott Dixon won Race 1, and Ryan Hunter-Reay won the Sunday race.

This event also marked the final IndyCar Series broadcast for ABC, ending a half-century stint covering the series (and its predecessors), as starting in 2019, NBC Sports was the series' only broadcaster. This would ultimately mark the end of Scott Goodyear's commentary career after 17 seasons with ESPN.

2002 Indy Racing League
The 2002 Indy Racing League (IRL) was one of transition, with two reigning CART championship teams, Team Penske and Target Chip Ganassi Racing, joining the series with full time entries.  The Oldsmobile engine was rebranded as a Chevrolet, and both Honda and Toyota announced their participation in the series starting in 2003 while Infiniti announced its withdrawal.

Sam Hornish Jr. won 5 races on his way to his second straight championship ahead of Penske juggernaut Hélio Castroneves, winner of two races including a second straight Indy 500, on his way to second in the championship. The season was also notable for seeing six drivers win their first career Indy Racing League races.
Choral Synagogue (Drohobych)
The Choral Synagogue, also called the Great Synagogue, is an Orthodox Jewish synagogue, located on Pylypa Orlyka Street, in Drohobych, Lviv Oblast in Ukraine. The congregation worships in the Ashkenazi rite.

Nusach Ashkenaz
Nusach Ashkenaz is a style of Jewish liturgy conducted by Ashkenazi Jews. It is primarily a way to order and include prayers, and differs from Nusach Sefard (as used by the Hasidim) and Baladi-rite prayer, and still more from the Sephardic rite proper, in the placement and presence of certain prayers.
Regular singular point
In mathematics, in the theory of ordinary differential equations in the complex plane , the points of  are classified into ordinary points, at which the equation's coefficients are analytic functions, and singular points, at which some coefficient has a singularity. Then amongst singular points, an important distinction is made between a regular singular point, where the growth of solutions is bounded (in any small sector) by an algebraic function, and an irregular singular point, where the full solution set requires functions with higher growth rates. This distinction occurs, for example, between the hypergeometric equation, with three regular singular points, and the Bessel equation which is in a sense a limiting case, but where the analytic properties are substantially different.

Solution set
In mathematics, the solution set of a system of equations or inequality is the set of all its solutions, that is the values that satisfy all equations and inequalities. Also, the solution set or the truth set of a statement or a predicate is the set of all values that satisfy it.

If there is no solution, the solution set is the empty set.
Ingvar Þóroddsson
Ingvar Þóroddsson is an Icelandic politician from the Viðreisn party. In the 2024 Icelandic parliamentary election he was elected to the Althing.

He was a teacher at a secondary school in Akureyri. He is an engineer by profession.

Akureyri
Akureyri (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈaːkʏrˌeiːrɪ], locally [ˈaːkʰʏrˌeiːrɪ] ⓘ) is a town in northern Iceland, the country's fifth most populous municipality (under the official name of Akureyrarbær [-ˌeiːrarˌpaiːr̥], 'town of Akureyri') and the largest outside the Capital Region. The municipality includes the town's neighbourhood at the head of Eyjafjörður and two farther islands: Hrísey at the mouth of Eyjafjörður and Grímsey off the coast.

Nicknamed the "Capital of North Iceland", Akureyri is an important port and fishing centre. The area where Akureyri is located was settled in the 9th century, but did not receive a municipal charter until 1786. Allied units were based in the town during World War II. Further growth occurred after the war as the Icelandic population increasingly moved to urban areas.

The area has a relatively mild climate because of geographical factors, and the town's ice-free harbour has played a significant role in its history.
Serpent Nunatak
Serpent Nunatak (69°28′S 70°55′W﻿ / ﻿69.467°S 70.917°W﻿ / -69.467; -70.917) is a nunatak which is seen in the shape of a reverse letter S, rising to about 750 just west of Tufts Pass lying within the Nichols Snowfield, in the northern portion of Alexander Island, Antarctica. It is situated 6.4 km (4.0 mi) northeast of Lizard Nunatak and 6.23 kilometres (3.87 mi) south of Lesnovo Hill. The feature was descriptively named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1977 because of the nunataks shape, the reverse letter S supposedly resembles a Serpent.

Nichols Snowfield
Nichols Snowfield (69°25′S 71°5′W﻿ / ﻿69.417°S 71.083°W﻿ / -69.417; -71.083) is a snowfield, 22 nautical miles (41 km) long and 8 nautical miles (15 km) wide, bounded by the Rouen Mountains and Elgar Uplands to the east and Lassus Mountains to the west, in the north part of Alexander Island, Antarctica. The snowfield was first sighted from the air and roughly mapped by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) in 1937. Mapped in detail from air photos taken by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (RARE), 1947–48, by Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1960. It is named by the RARE for Dr. Robert L. Nichols, head of the Department of Geology, Tufts University, and senior scientist of the Ronne expedition.
Abolghasem Sarhaddizadeh
Abolghasem Sarhaddizadeh (Persian: ابوالقاسم سرحدی‌زاده; c. 1945 – July 14, 2020) was an Iranian reformist politician who served as a member of the Parliament of Iran for three terms representing Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr. Sarhaddizadeh also served as Minister of Labour and Social Affairs from 1983 to 1989.

Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat, Eslamshahr and Pardis
Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat, Eslamshahr and Pardis (Persian: تهران، ری، شمیرانات، اسلامشهر و پردیس) is a constituency for the Parliament of Iran encompassing the metropolitan area of Tehran and some of its satellite cities.

It has 30 seats, the most among all constituencies nationwide and plays an outsized role in shaping politics nationally, having been described as a "bellwether for elite sentiment in Iran". The constituency's seats have been the most prestigious in the country because it includes the country's capital city, and has had lively press and voters.
Elliot M. Sutton
Elliot M. Sutton (October 13, 1841 - March 5, 1908) was a Vermont businessman and politician. A Democrat, among the offices in which he served was mayor of Burlington (1898-1899) and member of the Vermont Senate (1902-1904).

Ancestry.com
Ancestry.com LLC is an American genealogy company based in Lehi, Utah. The largest for-profit genealogy company in the world, it operates a network of genealogical, historical records, and related genetic genealogy websites. It is owned by Blackstone Inc., which acquired the company on December 4, 2020, in a deal valued at $4.7 billion.

As of 2022, the company said it had provided access to 30 billion historical records, tripling its November 2018 figure of 10 billion records. In 2018 it also reported having 3 million paying subscribers, and to have sold 18 million DNA kits to customers. By 2023, Ancestry was the largest provider of consumer DNA testing in the world with a network of more than 25 million users, and Ancestry DNA testing is available in 128 countries.

As well as its main website, Ancestry operates country-specific versions for Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Mexico, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
7352 Hypsenor
7352 Hypsenor, provisional designation: 1994 CO, is a larger Jupiter trojan from the Trojan camp, approximately 48 kilometers (30 miles) in diameter. The tumbling Jovian asteroid is a slow rotator with an exceptionally long rotation period of 648 hours. It was discovered on 4 February 1994 by Japanese astronomers Seiji Ueda and Hiroshi Kaneda at the Kushiro Observatory on Hokkaidō, Japan. It was numbered in December 1996, and named after the Trojan warrior Hypsenor from Greek mythology in November 2021.

Seiji Ueda
Seiji Ueda (上田 清二, Ueda Seiji; born 1952) is a Japanese astronomer. He is a prolific discoverer of minor planets. Between 1987 and 2000, Ueda (in collaboration with Hiroshi Kaneda) discovered 705 asteroids.

He holds an MD and PhD from Stanford University and is on the staff at the Graduate University for Advanced Study in Japan. The inner main-belt asteroid 4676 Uedaseiji, discovered in 1990, is named for him.
Acidiferrobacter
Acidiferrobacter is an acidophilic, thermotolerant, and facultatively anaerobic genus of bacteria with one known species (Acidiferrobacter thiooxydans). This genera has been included in new order called Acidiferrobacterales in 2015. A. thiooxydans has been isolated from refuse from a coal mine from Calloway County, Kentucky, in the United States.

Calloway County, Kentucky
Calloway County is a county located on the southwest border of the U.S. Commonwealth of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 37,103. Its county seat is Murray. The county was founded in November 1822 and named after Colonel Richard Callaway, one of the founders of Boonesborough. Calloway County comprises the Murray, KY Micropolitan Statistical Area. As of July 18, 2012, Calloway County is a moist county: the sale of alcohol in the county is prohibited, with the exception of the city of Murray.
Daniel of Cornwall
Daniel was a medieval Bishop of Cornwall.

Daniel was consecrated between 953 and 955. These dates are established by a letter from Dunstan to King Æthelred II, which states that he was appointed by King Eadred and implies that it was after the death of Bishop Æthelgar of Crediton in 953. He died on 8 October between 959 and 962. He witnessed a manumission of King Eadwig at Exeter.

William of Malmesbury said that Daniel was a monk at Glastonbury Abbey before he became a bishop, which would mean that he was a pupil of Dunstan. His attestation of Abingdon charter S 597 in 956 states that he drafted the charter (hanc singrapham dictavi), but it is disputed whether such claims are usually formulaic or genuine. He witnessed charters of Kings Eadwig and Edgar,

William of Malmesbury
William of Malmesbury (Latin: Willelmus Malmesbiriensis; c. 1095 – c. 1143) was the foremost English historian of the 12th century. Modern historian C. Warren Hollister described him as "a gifted historical scholar and an omnivorous reader, impressively well versed in the literature of classical, patristic, and earlier medieval times as well as in the writings of his own contemporaries. Indeed William may well have been the most learned man in twelfth-century Western Europe."

William was born about 1095 or 1096 in Wiltshire, England. His father was Norman and his mother English. He spent his whole life in England and his adult life as a monk at Malmesbury Abbey in Wiltshire.
Department of Local Government (New Brunswick)
The Department of Local Government is a former department of the government of New Brunswick. It was created on February 14, 2006 by the Graham Government with the separation of the Departments of Environment and of Local Government. The Lord Government had combined the Departments of Environment and Municipalities and Housing in 2000 to form the Department of Environment and Local Government.

On March 15, 2012, the Department of Environment and Department of Local Government re-merged, once again forming the Department of Environment and Local Government under the Alward government.

Government of New Brunswick
The Government of New Brunswick (French: Gouvernement du Nouveau-Brunswick) is the provincial government of the province of New Brunswick.  Its powers and structure are set out in the Constitution Act, 1867.

The Province of New Brunswick has a unicameral legislature, the New Brunswick Legislature, consisting of the Lieutenant Governor and the Legislative Assembly, which operates in the framework of a Westminster-style parliamentary constitutional monarchy. The political party that, either by itself or in combination with another party supporting them, wins the largest number of seats in the legislature normally forms the Government with the party's leader becoming premier of the province, the head of government.
Fichi d'India
Fichi d'India were an Italian comedy duo made up of Bruno Arena (12 January 1957 – 28 September 2022) and Max Cavallari (born 8 July 1963), both actors and cabaret artists.

They started their artistic career in 1989 on the beaches of Palinuro, between the Indian figs, and this inspired their artistic name as a duo. In the same year they had their first show at the club Fuori Pasto, a cabaret club in Varese.

Since then they have performed both on radio and television, on channels including Italia 1, Canale 5, Italia 7, Radio Deejay, R101.

They also did theatrical performances, tours and movies.

They own the club Arlecchino, in Vedano Olona, where many cabaret artists from Milan and Varese became famous.

Arena died on 28 September 2022, at the age of 65.

Vedano Olona
Vedano Olona is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Milan and about 7 kilometres (4 mi) southeast of Varese.

Vedano Olona borders the following municipalities: Binago, Castiglione Olona, Lozza, Malnate, Varese, Venegono Superiore.
Balis (Syria)
Balis (Arabic: بالس), also known as Barbalissos (Medieval Greek: Βαρβαλισσός) and Barbalissus (Latin), was an ancient and medieval fortress on the Euphrates River near the ruins of the still more ancient Emar. It is particularly known for the 253 Battle of Barbalissos, where the Roman army was defeated by Sassanid Persia. The fortress town's own ruins are located at the modern Qala'at Balis (Arabic: قلعة بالس) in the Aleppo Governorate of northern Syria.

Aleppo Governorate
Aleppo Governorate (Arabic: محافظة حلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Ḥalab, [muˈħaːfaðˤat ˈħalab]; Kurmanji Kurdish: Parêzgeha Helebê) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is the most populous governorate in Syria with a population of more than 4,867,000 (2011 Est.), almost 23% of the total population of Syria. The governorate is the fifth in area with an area of 18,482 km2 (7,136 sq mi), or 18,498 square kilometres (7,142 sq mi)2, about 10% of the total area of Syria. The capital is the city of Aleppo.