hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Timeline of First Nations history in Canada
The history of the First Nations in Canada is the prehistory and history of present-day Canada's Indigenous peoples from the earliest times to the present day. The prehistory settlement of the Americas is a subject of ongoing debate. First Nation's oral histories and traditional knowledge, combined with new methodologies and technologies—used by archaeologists, linguists, and other researchers—produce new—and sometimes conflicting—evidence.

Many First Nations myths refer to the habitation of North America from time immemorial. There are a number of myths about the world in general and the place of First Nations within that history.

Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples
The Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples (RCAP) was a Canadian royal commission established in 1991 with the aim of investigating the relationship between Indigenous peoples in Canada, the Government of Canada, and Canadian society as a whole.: 11  It was launched in response to status and rights issues brought to light following events such as the Oka Crisis and the failure of the Meech Lake Accord. The commission culminated in a final report of 4,000 pages, published in 1996 and set out a 20-year agenda for implementing recommended changes.
1989 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's 400 metres
The men's 400 metres event  at the 1989 IAAF World Indoor Championships was held at the Budapest Sportcsarnok in Budapest on 4 and 5 March 1989.

The winning margin was 0.50 seconds which as of July 2024 remains the greatest winning margin in the men's 400 metres at these championships.

1989 IAAF World Indoor Championships
The 2nd IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics were held at the Budapest Sportcsarnok in Budapest, Hungary from March 3 to March 5, 1989. There were a total number of 373 participating athletes from 62 countries.
Chinatowns in the United States
Chinatowns are enclaves of Chinese people outside of China. The first Chinatown in the United States was San Francisco's Chinatown in 1848, and many other   Chinatowns were established in the 19th century by the Chinese diaspora on the West Coast. By 1875, Chinatowns had emerged in eastern cities such as New York City, Boston, Pittsburgh, and Philadelphia. The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 barred Chinese immigration to the United States, but the Magnuson Act of 1943 repealed it, and the population of Chinatowns began to rise again.

Many historic Chinatowns have lost their status as ethnic Chinese enclaves due to gentrification and demographic shifts, while others have become major tourist attractions. New York City, San Francisco, and Los Angeles have the largest Chinese populations in the United States, and the Chinatowns in New York City are some of the largest Chinese enclaves outside of Asia.

Koreans
Koreans are an East Asian ethnic group native to the Korean Peninsula. The majority of Koreans live in the two Korean sovereign states of North and South Korea, which are collectively referred to as Korea. As of 2021, an estimated 7.3 million ethnic Koreans resided outside of Korea. Koreans are also an officially recognised ethnic minority in other several Continental and East Asian countries, including China, Japan, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Uzbekistan. Outside of Continental and East Asia, sizeable Korean communities have formed in Germany, the United Kingdom, France, the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.
Liquid consonant
In linguistics, a liquid consonant or simply liquid is any of a class of consonants that consists of rhotics and voiced lateral approximants, which are also sometimes described as "R-like sounds" and "L-like sounds". The word liquid seems to be a calque of the Ancient Greek word ὑγρός (hygrós 'moist'), initially used by grammarian Dionysius Thrax to describe Greek sonorants.

Liquid consonants are more prone to be part of consonant clusters and of the syllable nucleus. Their third formants are generally non-predictable based on the first two formants. Another important feature is their complex articulation, which makes them a hard consonant class to study with precision and the last consonants to be produced by children during their phonological development. They are also more likely to undergo certain types of phonological changes such as assimilation, dissimilation and metathesis.

Most languages have at least one liquid in their phonemic inventory. English has two, /l/ and /ɹ/.

Obstruent
An obstruent (/ˈɒbstruənt/ OB-stroo-ənt) is a speech sound such as [k], [d͡ʒ], or [f] that is formed by obstructing airflow. Obstruents contrast with sonorants, which have no such obstruction and so resonate. All obstruents are consonants, but sonorants include vowels as well as consonants.
19th IIFA Awards
This was the 19th edition of the International Indian Film Academy Awards. This edition was held in Thailand on 22-24 June 2018. This was – the second time this event was held in Thailand after 2008. The show was hosted by Karan Johar and Ritesh Deshmukh. The awards were given – the Bollywood films in 2017.

Tumhari Sulu led the ceremony with 7 nominations, followed by Newton with 5 nominations and Bareilly Ki Barfi and Hindi Medium with 4 nominations each.

Jagga Jasoos won 3 awards, thus becoming the most-awarded film at the ceremony.

Rajkummar Rao received dual nominations at the ceremony, having been nominated for Best Actor for Newton and Best Supporting Actor for Bareilly Ki Barfi, but lost both to Irrfan Khan for Hindi Medium and Nawazuddin Siddiqui for Mom, respectively.

Seema Pahwa received dual nominations for Best Supporting Actress for her performances in Bareilly Ki Barfi and Shubh Mangal Saavdhan, but lost to Meher Vij, who won the award for Secret Superstar.

IIFA Award for Best Supporting Actor
The IIFA Award for Best Supporting Actor recognizes a male actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a supporting role. The award is chosen by the viewers and the winner is announced at the ceremony. Anil Kapoor is leading with 4 wins.
Saccular acoustic sensitivity
Saccular acoustic sensitivity  is a measurement of the ear's affectability to sound. The saccule's normal function is to keep the body balanced, but it is believed to have some hearing function for special frequencies and tones. Saccular acoustic sensitivity is considered to be simply an extension of the sense of hearing through the use of the saccule.

Hearing
Hearing, or auditory perception, is the ability to perceive sounds through an organ, such as an ear, by detecting vibrations as periodic changes in the pressure of a surrounding medium. The academic field concerned with hearing is auditory science.

Sound may be heard through solid, liquid, or gaseous matter. It is one of the traditional five senses. Partial or total inability to hear is called hearing loss.

In humans and other vertebrates, hearing is performed primarily by the auditory system: mechanical waves, known as vibrations, are detected by the ear and transduced into nerve impulses that are perceived by the brain (primarily in the temporal lobe). Like touch, audition requires sensitivity to the movement of molecules in the world outside the organism. Both hearing and touch are types of mechanosensation.
Wolfe Laboratories
Wolfe Laboratories, Inc. (WLI) was a contract research organization (CRO) headquartered in Woburn, Massachusetts. It provided research and development services as well as GLP analytical services for products in late discovery phase through early clinical phases of drug development. It served clients in New England, the US and internationally.  Laboratory operations took place in a large 21,000-square-foot (2,000 m2) facility.

Wolfe Laboratories, LLC was acquired by Pace Analytical in 2017, and is now recognized as Pace Analytical Life Sciences, LLC.

Watertown, Massachusetts
Watertown is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, part of Greater Boston. The population was 35,329 in the 2020 census. Its neighborhoods include Bemis, Coolidge Square, East Watertown, Watertown Square, and the West End.

Watertown was one of the first Massachusetts Bay Colony settlements organized by Puritan settlers in 1630. The city is home to the Perkins School for the Blind, the Armenian Library and Museum of America, and the historic Watertown Arsenal, which produced military armaments from 1816 through World War II.
Kuzey Güney
Kuzey Güney  (transl. North South) is a Turkish television drama series. The scenarists are Ece Yörenç and Melek Gençoğlu. The series stars Kıvanç Tatlıtuğ as Kuzey Tekinoğlu, a tough and rebellious son of an Istanbul baker, who comes back from prison four years after he confesses to a crime his brother, Güney, (Buğra Gülsoy) committed.

The series was broadcast on channel Kanal D in Turkey and produced by Ay Yapım. It premiered on September 7, 2011.
Kuzey Güney aired on Wednesday at 8 pm (EEST, UTC+03:00) on Kanal D and from episode 61 onwards at 10 pm (EEST). The final episode was aired on June 26, 2013, after 80 episodes and 2 seasons.

Eastern European Summer Time
Eastern European Summer Time (EEST) is one of the names of the UTC+03:00 time zone, which is 3 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. It is used as a summer daylight saving time in some European and Middle Eastern countries, which makes it the same as Arabia Standard Time, East Africa Time, and Moscow Time. During the winter periods, Eastern European Time (UTC+02:00) is used.

Since 1996, European Summer Time has been applied from the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in October. Previously, the rules were not uniform across the European Union.
County roads in Ohio
County roads in Ohio comprise 29,088 center line miles (46,813 km), making up 24% of the state's public roadways as of April 2015. Ohio state law delegates the maintenance and designation of these county roads to the boards of commissioners and highway departments of its 88 counties. Each county has distinct construction, signage, and naming practices for the roads under its jurisdiction. Within each county, townships maintain separate township road networks under the advice of the county engineer. Each board of county commissioners certifies the total county- and township-maintained mileage within its county. The Ohio Department of Transportation catalogues these certifications on an annual basis.

Vinton County, Ohio
Vinton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,800, making it the least populous county of Ohio. Its county seat is McArthur. The county is named for Samuel Finley Vinton, a US Representative from Ohio (1823–37, 1843–51).
Dargah Hafiz Shah Jamalullah
Dargah Hafiz Shah Jamalullah is a Sufi shrine of Shah Jamalullah Rampuri, a Sufi saint who is often known as Badhsah-e-Rohilkhand (transl. The King of Rohilkhand).

The shrine is around 250 years old. It is situated in the Roshanbagh area of Rampur district, Uttar Pradesh.

Rohilkhand
Rohilkhand (Hindi pronunciation: [ɾoːɦɪlkʰəɳɖ]) is a region in the northwestern part of Uttar Pradesh, India, that is centered on the Bareilly and Moradabad divisions. It is part of the upper Ganges Plain, and is named after the Rohilla, a community of Pashtun heritage. The region was called Madhyadesh and Panchala in the Sanskrit epics Mahabharata and Ramayana. During the colonial era in India, the region was governed by the Royal House of Rampur.
General council (Scottish university)
The general council of an ancient university in Scotland is the corporate body of all graduates and senior academics of each university.  They were instituted by the Universities (Scotland) Act 1858, but each has had its constitution and organisation considerably altered by subsequent statutes.

The 1858 act established a tripartite structure of the general council (advisory body), university court (finance and administration), and academic senate (academic affairs).

The chancellor of each university is elected by the general council and is president of the council.

Academic administration
Academic administration is a branch of university or college employees responsible for the maintenance and supervision of the institution and separate from the faculty or academics, although some personnel may have joint responsibilities. Some type of separate administrative structure exists at almost all academic institutions. Fewer institutions are governed by employees who are also involved in academic or scholarly work. Many senior administrators are academics who have advanced degrees and no longer teach or conduct research.
Macroelongatoolithus
Macroelongatoolithus is an oogenus of large theropod dinosaur eggs, representing the eggs of giant caenagnathid oviraptorosaurs. They are known from Asia and from North America. Historically, several oospecies have been assigned to Macroelongatoolithus, however they are all now considered to be a single oospecies: M. carlylensis.

Clutch (eggs)
A clutch of eggs is the group of eggs produced by birds, amphibians, or reptiles, often at a single time, particularly those laid in a nest.

In birds, destruction of a clutch by predators (or removal by humans, for example the California condor breeding program) results in double-clutching. The technique is used to double the production of a species' eggs, in the California condor case, specifically to increase population size.
Clearfield, Pennsylvania
Clearfield is a borough and the county seat of Clearfield County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census the population was 5,962 people, making it the second most populous community in Clearfield County, behind DuBois. The borough is part of the DuBois, PA Micropolitan Statistical Area, as well as the larger State College-DuBois, PA Combined Statistical Area. The settled area surrounding the borough consists of the nearby census-designated places of Hyde and Plymptonville, which combined with Clearfield have a population of approximately 8,237 people.

State College, Pennsylvania
State College is a borough and home rule municipality in Centre County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 40,501 at the 2020 census. It is a college town home to Penn State University Park, the main campus of the Pennsylvania State University.

State College is the largest borough in Pennsylvania by population. It is the principal borough of the six municipalities that make up the State College area, the largest settlement in Centre County, and one of the principal cities of the greater State College–DuBois combined statistical area which had 238,734 residents in 2020.
WSJR
WSJR (93.7 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Dallas, Pennsylvania, and serving the Wilkes-Barre - Scranton radio market.  It is owned by Cumulus Media and has a country music radio format, known as "Cat Country 93.7 & 95.7" with the slogan "Northeast PA's Best Country."

Cumulus Media
Cumulus Media, Inc. is a broadcasting company of the United States and is the second largest owner and operator of AM and FM radio stations in the United States ahead of Audacy and behind iHeartMedia. As of June 2019, Cumulus lists ownership of 428 stations in 87 media markets. It also owns and operates Westwood One. Its headquarters are located in Atlanta, Georgia. Its subsidiaries include Cumulus Broadcasting LLC, Cumulus Licensing LLC and Broadcast Software International Inc.
Inzlingen
Inzlingen (German pronunciation: [ˈɪntslɪŋən]; Alemannic German: Inzlige) is a municipality in the district of Lörrach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

From the Fondation Beyeler, a famous art collection in Riehen in the canton Basel Stadt, Switzerland, the street Inzlingerstrasse goes uphill to Inzlingen. By crossing the border the street is called Riehenstrasse and it ends at the moated castle.

Riehen
Riehen (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈriːən] ⓘ; Swiss German: Rieche) is a municipality in the canton of Basel-Stadt in Switzerland. Together with the city of Basel and Bettingen, Riehen is one of three municipalities in the canton.

Riehen hosts the Fondation Beyeler (a privately owned art gallery) as well as a toy museum and several parks.

Riehen was the first municipality in Switzerland to elect a woman, Trudy Späth-Schweizer to political office, in 1958.

The mathematician Leonhard Euler and the tennis player Roger Federer lived in Riehen during their childhood years.
2020 WCHA men's ice hockey tournament
The 2020 WCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 61st conference playoff in league history and was to be the 66th season where a WCHA champion was crowned. The 2020 tournament was to be played between March 6 and March 21, 2020, at campus sites. On March 12, 2020, the WCHA announced the remainder of the tournament was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

WCHA men's ice hockey tournament
The WCHA Men's Tournament was the conference tournament for the men's division of the Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA), an NCAA Division I men's ice hockey conference that originally operated from 1951 to 2021. The tournament was also referred to as the WCHA Final Five, the moniker for the tournament's closing rounds. The winner of the tournament received an automatic berth into the NCAA Tournament.  From 1985 to 2018, the winner of the tournament received the Broadmoor Trophy, before that trophy was retired in favor of the Jeff Sauer WCHA Championship Trophy.
Christian Gaudin (handballer)
Christian Gaudin (born 26 January 1967) is a former French international handball player and current handball coach. He has served as the manager of the Romanian men's national team in 2014. As a player he was part of the France team that won the 1995 World Championship; the first time France ever won a major international tournament.

Coupe de France (handball)
The Coupe de France masculine de handball is an annual national cup competition for French men's handball clubs. Organized by the French Handball Federation, it first took place in 1957 but has been discontinued on several occasions.

Montpellier Handball is the competition's most successful club as of 2025 with fourteen titles, followed by Paris Saint-Germain Handball with six.
2025 Savannah Challenger
The 2025 Savannah Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 15th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Savannah, Georgia, United States between April 21 and April 27, 2025.

Savannah Challenger
The Savannah Challenger (currently known as St. Joseph's/Candler Savannah Challenger for sponsorship reasons) is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor green clay courts. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It is held annually at the Franklin Creek Sports Complex at The Landings Club in Savannah, Georgia, United States, since 2009.

Carsten Ball was the only one to win two doubles titles of the tournament.
CAIG Wing Loong
The Chengdu GJ-1, also known as Wing Loong 1, is a Medium-Altitude Long-Endurance (MALE) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), developed by the Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group in the People's Republic of China. Intended for use as a surveillance and aerial reconnaissance platform, the Pterodactyl I is capable of being fitted with air-to-surface weapons for use in an unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) role.

China International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition
China International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition (中国国际航空航天博览会), also known as the Airshow China (中国航展) and Zhuhai Airshow (珠海航展), is a biennial international aerospace trade expo held in Zhuhai, Guangdong, since 1996. It is the largest airshow in China.
Markus Fierz
Markus Eduard Fierz (20 June 1912 – 20 June 2006)  was a Swiss physicist, particularly remembered for his formulation of spin–statistics theorem, and for his contributions to the development of quantum theory, particle physics, and statistical mechanics. He was awarded the Max Planck Medal in 1979 and the Albert Einstein Medal in 1989 for all his work.

Albert Einstein Medal
The Albert Einstein Medal is an award presented by the Albert Einstein Society in Bern. First given in 1979, the award is presented to people for "scientific findings, works, or publications related to Albert Einstein" each year.
Ice Cold Ice
"Ice Cold Ice" is a song by Hüsker Dü from their album Warehouse: Songs and Stories. The song was released in the United Kingdom as both an EP and a single.

The song, written and sung by Bob Mould, features a call and response between Mould and backing vocalist Grant Hart similar to some of the group's previous songs, such as "Makes No Sense At All". It has an unusual ending - it appears to be a fade-out at first, but just as it fades to nothing, a thunderous final chord brings the song to a conclusion. The live Medley of the B-side on the EP contains a version of "The Wit & The Wisdom" which has lyrics though they are hard to decipher. The original instrumental appeared on the album Flip Your Wig. This was the band's final release before breaking up in January 1988.

Makes No Sense at All
"Makes No Sense at All" is a song by Hüsker Dü from the album Flip Your Wig. Written by Bob Mould, the song was released as a single from the album reaching number 2 on the UK indie charts.

The song has since seen positive critical reception and has been performed live by both Hüsker Dü and Mould at his solo shows.
Faces in Places
Faces in Places is a photoblog that features (as the author describes) photographs of faces found in everyday places. The featured photographs consist of inanimate objects that a viewer would perceive as representing a face. This perception is a type of pareidolia—perceiving random stimuli as significant, or anthropomorphism—people attributing human qualities to a non-human being or object.

Pareidolia
Pareidolia (/ˌpærɪˈdoʊliə, ˌpɛər-/; also US: /ˌpɛəraɪ-/) is the tendency for perception to impose a meaningful interpretation on a nebulous stimulus, usually visual, so that one detects an object, pattern, or meaning where there is none. Pareidolia is a specific but common type of apophenia (the tendency to perceive meaningful connections between unrelated things or ideas).

Common examples include perceived images of animals, faces, or objects in cloud formations; seeing faces in inanimate objects; or lunar pareidolia like the Man in the Moon or the Moon rabbit. The concept of pareidolia may extend to include hidden messages in recorded music played in reverse or at higher- or lower-than-normal speeds, and hearing voices (mainly indistinct) or music in random noise, such as that produced by air conditioners or by fans. Face pareidolia has also been demonstrated in rhesus macaques.
Japanese submarine Ro-66
Ro-66 was an Imperial Japanese Navy Type L submarine of the L4 subclass. First commissioned in 1927, she served in the waters of Japan prior to World War II. During World War II, she operated in the Central Pacific and supported Japanese forces in the Battle of Wake Island until she sank after a collision in December 1941.

Japan Standard Time
Japan Standard Time (日本標準時, Nihon Hyōjunji; JST), or Japan Central Standard Time (中央標準時, Chūō Hyōjunji; JCST), is the standard time zone in Japan, 9 hours ahead of UTC (UTC+09:00). Japan does not observe daylight saving time, though its introduction has been debated on several occasions. During World War II, the time zone was often referred to as Tokyo Standard Time.

Japan Standard Time is equivalent to Korean Standard Time, Pyongyang Time (North Korea), Eastern Indonesia Standard Time, East-Timorese Standard Time, Palau Time, and Yakutsk Time (Russia).