hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2024 British Columbia floods
For the most recent series of floods, see the 2025 British Columbia floods.

The 2024 British Columbia floods were a series of floods, debris flows, and mudslides caused by an atmospheric river that struck Southwestern British Columbia from October 18 to October 20, 2024. Four people were killed during the event, two in the Lower Mainland and two on Vancouver Island.

The storm also brought heavy snow to inland portions of the province with major highways having been closed. Northwestern Washington was on the southern edge of the atmospheric river. There, strong winds knocked out power to thousands and minor flooding led to road closures in some areas.

The low pressure system that produced the atmospheric river moved into Alberta during the following days leading to the first snowfall of the season in parts of that province.

Mudflow
A mudflow, also known as mudslide or mud flow, is a form of mass wasting involving fast-moving flow of debris and dirt that has become liquified by the addition of water. Such flows can move at speeds ranging from three to five metres per second (9.8 to 16.4 ft/s). Mudflows contain a significant proportion of clay, which makes them more fluid than debris flows, allowing them to travel farther and across lower slope angles. Both types of flow are generally mixtures of particles with a wide range of sizes, which typically become sorted by size upon deposition.

Mudflows are often called mudslips, a term applied indiscriminately by the mass media to a variety of mass wasting events. Mudflows often start as slides, becoming flows as water is entrained along the flow path; such events are often called mud failures.

Other types of mudflows include lahars (involving fine-grained pyroclastic deposits on the flanks of volcanoes) and jökulhlaups (outbursts from under glaciers or icecaps).
The Best of Andy Williams (1996 album)
The Best of Andy Williams is a compilation album by American pop singer Andy Williams that was released by Sony Music Entertainment in 1996.

On July 22, 2013, the British Phonographic Industry awarded the album with Silver certification for sales of 60,000 units.

Andy Williams
Howard Andrew Williams (December 3, 1927 – September 25, 2012) was an American singer. He recorded 43 albums in his career, of which 15 have been gold certified and three platinum certified. He was also nominated for six Grammy Awards. He hosted the Andy Williams Show, a television variety show, from 1962 to 1971, along with numerous TV specials. The Andy Williams Show won three Emmy Awards. He sold more than 45 million records worldwide, including more than 10 million certified units in the United States.

Williams was active in the music industry for over 70 years until his death in September 2012 from bladder cancer, at the age of 84.
Doggfather
"Doggfather" is a single by American rapper Snoop Dogg featuring vocals by American musician Charlie Wilson. It was released on April 8, 1997 as the third and final single from Snoop's second album Tha Doggfather (1996). Daz Dillinger produced "Doggfather", and wrote it with Snoop Doggy Dogg and Charlie Wilson. The hip hop song samples "Humpin'" from Wilson's group The Gap Band. "Doggfather" didn't chart in the US, but peaked at number 20 in both New Zealand and the UK.

The song's music video is shot in black-and white and features Snoop in a 1940s gangster club setting. The song was mixed by DJ Pooh and the keyboards were done by Priest "Soopafly" Brooks.

Gangster
A gangster (informally gangsta) is a criminal who is a member of a gang. Most gangs are considered to be part of organized crime. Gangsters are also called mobsters, a term derived from mob and the suffix -ster. Gangs provide a level of organization and resources that support much larger and more complex criminal transactions than an individual criminal could achieve. Gangsters have been active for many years in countries around the world. Gangsters are the subject of many novels, films, television series, and video games.
Jiang Gaoming
Jiang Gaoming (simplified Chinese: 蒋高明; traditional Chinese: 蔣高明; pinyin: Jiǎng Gāomíng) is a professor and Ph.D. tutor at the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Botany.

He is also vice secretary-general of the UNESCO China-MAB (Man and the Biosphere) Committee and a member of the UNESCO MAB Urban Group. He is known for his concepts of “urban vegetation" and allowing damaged ecosystems to recover naturally.

Institute of Botany
The Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IB-CAS; Chinese: 中国科学院植物研究所; pinyin: Zhōngguó Kēxuéyuàn Zhíwù Yánjiūsuǒ) is one of the oldest comprehensive research institutions in China. It has led the development of plant science in China since its establishment in 1928. The institute has received three first-level National Natural Science Awards, as well as more than 160 awards at the national and provincial level. 
With a focus on integrative plant biology, IB-CAS conducts innovative research at the molecular, cellular, physiological, ecological and landscape levels, and develops applications to benefit agriculture and the environment. Its five key research areas are systematic and evolutionary botany, vegetation and environmental change, plant molecular physiology and development, photosynthesis, and the sustainable use of plant resources.
Form book
A form book is a tool used by attorneys in the United States to aid in the filing of pleadings, motions and other legal documents with a court or similar decision-making body. A form book may be a bound volume or binder containing loose-leaf pages, containing forms, clauses and model documents that the attorney might use when preparing a legal document or court pleading.

Motion (legal)
In United States law, a motion is a procedural device to bring a limited, contested issue before a court for decision. It is a request to the judge (or judges) to make a decision about the case. Motions may be made at any point in administrative, criminal or civil proceedings, although that right is regulated by court rules which vary from place to place. The party requesting the motion is the moving party or movant. The party opposing the motion is the nonmoving party or nonmovant.
Zemax
Zemax OpticStudio, also known simply as Zemax, is a software program used for designing and simulating optical systems. It runs under Microsoft Windows. It can be used in the fields of optics and photonics to design and analyze lenses, cameras, telescopes, microscopes, and other optical systems. It is used for the design and analysis of both imaging and illumination systems. Since 2021, it has been owned and developed by Ansys.

Lens
A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of refraction. A simple lens consists of a single piece of transparent material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually arranged along a common axis. Lenses are made from materials such as glass or plastic and are ground, polished, or molded to the required shape. A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly focus or disperse waves and radiation other than visible light are also called "lenses", such as microwave lenses, electron lenses, acoustic lenses, or explosive lenses.

Lenses are used in various imaging devices such as telescopes, binoculars, and cameras. They are also used as visual aids in glasses to correct defects of vision such as myopia and hypermetropia.
Bronx County Hall of Justice
The Bronx County Hall of Justice is a courthouse at 265 East 161st Street, between Sherman and Morris Avenues in the Concourse section of the Bronx in New York City. The ten-story, 775,000-square-foot (72,000 m2) building includes 47 New York Supreme Court and New York City Criminal Court courtrooms, 7 grand jury rooms, and office space for the New York City Department of Correction, the New York City Department of Probation, and the district attorney.

161st Street (Bronx)
161st Street is a short, major thoroughfare in the southern portion of the Bronx. The road is 1.6 miles (2.6 km) long and is a much used access to Yankee Stadium on its north side. The 20th-century Yankee Stadium was on the south side of the street. The road begins in the west at an intersection with Jerome Avenue, a major thoroughfare in the Bronx, and Woodycrest Avenue, a one-way street in the Bronx. The road is one of the widest in the Bronx, until the Sheridan Avenue intersection, where the divided highway merges. East 161st Street ends at Elton Avenue. However, the road continues eastward in parts, ending at Hewitt Place, as a short connector.
2022 Tour de Romandie Féminin
The 2022 Tour de Romandie Féminin is a women's road cycling stage race that was held in Switzerland from 7 to 9 October 2022. It was the first edition of the Tour de Romandie Féminin and was the twenty-third event on the 2022 UCI Women's World Tour calendar. The race was held as part of the celebrations of 75 years of the Tour de Romandie.

Sion, Switzerland
Sion (French pronunciation: [sjɔ̃] ⓘ, German: Sitten [ˈzɪtn̩] ⓘ; former Italian: Seduno; Latin: Sedunum) is a Swiss town situated in the Rhône valley, a municipality, and the capital of the canton of Valais and of the district of Sion. As of December 2020 it had a population of 34,978 (known as Sédunois(es)).

On 17 January 1968, the former municipality of Bramois merged into the municipality of Sion. On 1 January 2013, the former municipality of Salins merged into the municipality of Sion, and on 1 January 2017, Les Agettes did the same.

Landmarks in Sion include the Basilique de Valère and the Château de Tourbillon. Sion has an airfield for civilian and military use, which serves as a base for air rescue missions.
The 1 in 12 Club
The 1 in 12 Club is a self-managed social centre in Bradford, West Yorkshire, England.  Owned and run by its membership as a collective based upon anarchist principles, its activities include social and political campaigning—most visibly as a hub for the city's May Day activities—and use of the building as a self-managed social centre and host for performing arts. In the 1980s it was one of the main locations for the UK crust and anarcho-punk scene, and in the 1990s played host to much of the country's straight edge metalcore scene.

Anarcho-punk
Anarcho-punk (also known as anarchist punk) is an ideological subgenre of punk rock that promotes anarchism. The term has been broadly applied to refer to any punk music with anarchist lyrical content, which may figure in crust punk, hardcore punk, folk punk, and other styles.
Neil Pryde Ltd.
Neil Pryde Ltd. (Pryde Group) is a Hong Kong–based sports group engaged in manufacturing, distribution and brand management. It was founded by Neil Pryde, who served as chairman until January 1, 2015.

Pryde Group is a privately held company that is wholly owned by the Shriro Group. It has over 2500 employees and operations in more than 40 countries. It owns a portfolio of brands in the marine and adventure sports markets, including NeilPryde, Cabrinha, JP-Australia, Imagine Surf, and NP Waterwear & Accessories.

Shriro
Shriro Group is a private company headquartered in Hong Kong. It is an international marketing and distribution company with over 3,500 employees around the world.

Shriro was founded in 1906 as a family business in Harbin, Northern China. The first international office was set up in 1917 in Yokohama, Japan. From the early days, the business was mainly commodities and expanded rapidly after 1945 as the product line expanded and new subsidiaries opened in many South East Asian countries and Canada.

Today, Shriro offices are located in Hong Kong, China, Japan, Singapore, Malaysia, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, Australia, and New Zealand.

Shriro is a major distributor of medium-format camera equipment in Asia, including Hasselblad .
Most of the camera business has closed down in 2021.
Ray Roberts Lake State Park
Ray Roberts Lake State Park is a state park located in Denton County, Texas, near Pilot Point, Texas. The park is 3,777 acres (1,528 ha). It is very popular due to its proximity to the Dallas–Fort Worth metro area – in 2016, it was the 8th most popular Texas state park with 244,193 visitors. The park is divided into nine units: three are developed (Johnson Branch, Isle du Bois, and the Greenbelt), and six have boat ramps with lake access (Buck Creek, Jordan, Sanger, Pond Creek, Elm Fork, and Pecan Creek).

Denton County, Texas
Denton County is located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 906,422, making it the seventh-most populous county in Texas. The county seat is Denton. The county, which was named for John B. Denton, was established in 1846. Denton County constitutes part of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. In 2007, it was one of the fastest-growing counties in the United States.
Kevin McGrew
Kevin S. McGrew is an American psychologist and intelligence researcher. He is the founder and director of the Institute for Applied Psychometrics, as well as a visiting professor of educational psychology at the University of Minnesota. He was formerly Professor of Applied Psychology at St. Cloud State University. He is a co-author of Batteries III and IV of the Woodcock–Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities. In 2016, he received the University of Minnesota College of Education and Human Development's Distinguished Alumni Award.

Woodcock–Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities
The Woodcock–Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities is a set of intelligence tests first developed in 1977 by Richard Woodcock and Mary E. Bonner Johnson (although Johnson's contribution is disputed). It was revised in 1989, again in 2001, and most recently in 2014. The most recent version, WJ V, is administered digitally. They may be administered to children from age two up to the oldest adults (with norms utilizing individuals in their 90s). The previous edition WJ III was praised for covering "a wide variety of cognitive skills".
Arctic Sentry
Arctic Sentry is a NATO mission that has been announced on 11 February 2026.
Its aim is to increase NATO's military presence in the Arctic and the Far North. 
It is also a consequence of the dispute between the US and Denmark over Greenland that has been ongoing since 2025.

One focus is the GIUK gap between Greenland, Iceland and Great Britain as a route from the Arctic Ocean to the North Atlantic, which is also used by submarines of the Russian Navy.

The German Minister of Defence Pistorius (Merz cabinet) has announced that Germany will send four Eurofighter Typhoon.

Boris Pistorius
Boris Ludwig Pistorius (German: [ˈbɔʁɪs pɪsˈtoːʁiʊs]; born 14 March 1960) is a German lawyer and politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) who has been serving as Federal Minister of Defence in the governments of successive Chancellors Olaf Scholz and Friedrich Merz since 2023, making him the only minister of the Scholz cabinet to retain his position. He is considered to be amongst the most popular politicians in Germany, receiving significant popular approval ever since his appointment to the Defence Ministry.

Since the 2025 federal election, he is a member of the 21st Bundestag. Earlier in his career, Pistorius was a member of the State Parliament of Lower Saxony, and served as State Minister for Interior and Sports in the state government of Lower Saxony (Cabinet Weil II) from 2013 to 2017. From 2006 to 2013, Pistorius was Lord Mayor of Osnabrück.
Impulse Tracker
Impulse Tracker is a multi-track music tracker (music sequencer). Originally released in 1995 by Jeffrey Lim as freeware with commercial extensions, it was one of the last tracker programs for the DOS platform.

In 2014, on its 20th anniversary, Impulse Tracker became open-source software and the source code was released.

Ableton Live
Ableton Live is a digital audio workstation for macOS and Windows developed by the German company Ableton.

In contrast to many other software sequencers, Live is designed to be an instrument for live performances as well as a tool for composing, recording, arranging, mixing, and mastering audio. It is also used by DJs, as it offers a suite of controls for beatmatching, crossfading, and other different effects used by turntablists, and was one of the first music applications to automatically beatmatch songs.

Live is available directly from Ableton in three editions: Intro (with fewer features), Standard, and Suite (with the most features). The Suite edition includes "Max for Live" functionality, developed in partnership with Cycling '74.

Ableton has also made a fourth version of Live, Lite, with similar limitations to Intro, which is only available bundled with a range of music production hardware, including MIDI controllers and audio interfaces.
The House Bunny
The House Bunny is a 2008 American comedy film directed by Fred Wolf written by Karen McCullah Lutz and Kirsten Smith, and produced by Adam Sandler, Jack Giarraputo, Anna Faris, Allen Covert, and Heather Parry. The film stars Faris, Colin Hanks, and Emma Stone, and tells the story of a former Playboy bunny who signs up to be the "house mother" of an unpopular university sorority after finding out she must leave the Playboy Mansion.

Produced by Happy Madison Productions, Alta Loma Entertainment, and Relativity Media, The House Bunny was released in the United States on August 22, 2008, by Columbia Pictures. It received mixed reviews, but was a box office success, making $70.4 million on a $25 million budget. The film and its soundtrack have gained a cult following.

Relativity Media
Relativity Media, LLC is an American independent media company founded on May 18, 2004 by Lynwood Spinks and Ryan Kavanaugh. The company brokered film finance deals and later branched into film production and other entertainment ventures. The company was commercially successful prior to bankruptcy.

In 2015, Relativity Media filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy after lawsuits and missing loan payments. The bankruptcy was noted as one of the most notorious in entertainment industry history. As a result, the company began selling off previously acquired films. Relativity Media reorganized and emerged from bankruptcy in March 2016, but in May 2018 it filed for bankruptcy again. The studio is now a wholly owned subsidiary of UltraV Holdings.
Taifa-1
The Taifa-1 satellite also capitalized as TAIFA-1 satellite, is a Kenyan earth observation 3U CubeSat, and was launched on 14 April 2023 into space together in a joint collaboration with Exolaunch aboard a SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California, USA. It is the first satellite launched by Kenya Space Agency that was purely developed by Kenyan engineers with an intensive training provided by EnduroSat. Although the satellite was developed and designed by Kenyan engineers, the manufacturing was solely done by EnduroSat.

It was dubbed as the first Kenyan 3U software-defined NanoSat. The satellite was launched with the weight of expectations surrounding around the need of elevating the space economy of Kenya to global standards. It took approximately a span of two years to prepare the satellite and about 50 million Kenyan shilling was spent for the project while the satellite was given insurance by Marsh Limited.

EnduroSat
EnduroSat AD is a Bulgarian aerospace manufacturer headquartered in Sofia. It was founded in 2015 by Raycho Raychev. The company designs, builds, and operates CubeSats and Nanosatellites for commercial and scientific missions and is developing inter-satellite linking and data applications. EnduroSat was nominated as one of the top 5 small satellite start-ups. EnduroSat is a member of the International Astronautical Federation (IAF) and International Telecommunication Union (ITU).
Tour of Taihu Lake
The Tour of Taihu Lake is a multi-day road cycling race held annually in southern Jiangsu, China, near the Taihu Lake. It has been held since 2010, but the first edition was a one-day race. The 2010 and 2011 editions were rated 1.2 and 2.2, and was upgraded to 2.1 in 2013. In 2023, the race became part of the UCI ProSeries.

Jakub Mareczko holds the record for most stage wins, with 18, as of the end of the 2018 edition of the race.

After cancellations in 2020-2022, the race returns on 14-17 September 2023 as part of the UCI ProSeries.

Race stage
A race stage, leg, or heat is a unit of a race that has been divided in several parts for the reason such as length of the distance to be covered, as in a multi-day event. Usually, such a race consists of "ordinary" stages, but sometimes stages are held as an individual time trial or a team time trial. Long races such as the Tour de France, Absa Cape Epic or the Giro d'Italia are known for their stages of one day each, whereas the boat sailing Velux 5 Oceans Race is broken down in usually four stages of several weeks duration each, where the competitors are racing continuously day and night. In bicycling and running events, a race with stages is known as a stage race. Other examples include ultramarathons and adventure racing.
Fortune (1805 ship)
Fortune, also known as La Fortune, was a sailing ship built in Spain. She was taken in prize in 1804. New owners renamed her and she entered British registers in 1805–6. She twice transported convicts from Britain to New South Wales. She was lost c. 1814 on her way to China from Australia.

Convict
A convict is "a person found guilty of a crime and sentenced by a court" or "a person serving a sentence in prison". Convicts are often also known as "prisoners" or "inmates" or by the slang term "con", while a common label for former convicts, especially those recently released from prison, is "ex-con" ("ex-convict"). Persons convicted and sentenced to non-custodial sentences tend not to be described as "convicts".

The label of "ex-convict" usually has lifelong implications, such as social stigma or reduced opportunities for employment. The federal government of Australia, for instance, will not, in general, employ an ex-convict, while some state and territory governments may limit the time for or before which a former convict may be employed.
Francisco Álvarez (actor)
Francisco Álvarez (December 26, 1892, in Buenos Aires – April 21, 1960, in Lanús) was an Argentine film and theater actor, notable for his work during the Golden Age of Argentine cinema.

Entering film in 1937 he appeared in 54 films between then and his death in 1960, appearing in films, such as Al marido hay que seguirlo with Mapy Cortés and Pedro Quartucci in 1948.

Mapy Cortés
Maria del Pilar Cordero (March 1, 1910 – August 2, 1998), better known as Mapy Cortés, was a Puerto Rican actress who acted in many films during the Golden Age of Mexican cinema. She also performed in Spain, Cuba, Argentina, Peru, Ecuador.. Besides this, she also performed as a singer and producer. Cortés was known by her nickname of Novia de América.
Iceland–Sweden relations
Iceland–Sweden relations (Icelandic: Samskipti Íslands og Svíþjóðar, Swedish: Islands-svenska relationer) refers to the bilateral relations between Iceland and Sweden. Both nations are Nordic countries and are members of the Arctic Council, Council of the Baltic Sea States, Council of Europe, NATO, Nordic-Baltic Eight, Nordic Council, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, Joint Expeditionary Force and the United Nations.

Council of the Baltic Sea States
The Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS) is a regional intergovernmental organisation working on three priority areas: regional identity; regional safety and security; regional sustainability and prosperity. 
These three priority areas aim to address the themes of sustainable development, environment, sustainable maritime economy, education, labour, culture, youth engagement, civil security, children's rights and trafficking in human beings.