hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Confidence-building defense
Confidence-building defense (German: Vertrauensbildende Verteidigung) is a military school of thought developed in the 1980s focused on conventional defense, with the founding purpose of defusing the East-West confrontation and was later applied to other regions of military tension and conflict.

School of thought
A  school of thought, or intellectual tradition, is the perspective of a group of people who share common characteristics of opinion or outlook of a philosophy, discipline, belief, social movement, economics, cultural movement, or art movement.
2019–20 Luton Town F.C. season
The 2019–20 season was the 134th in the history of Luton Town Football Club, a professional association football club based in Luton, Bedfordshire, England. Their successive promotions from League Two in 2017–18 and League One in 2018–19 meant it was the club's first season in the Championship after a 12-year absence and 94th season in the English Football League. The season ran from 1 July 2019 to the end of the 2019–20 Championship season.

2017–18 Luton Town F.C. season
The 2017–18 season was the 132nd in the history of Luton Town Football Club, a professional association football club based in Luton, Bedfordshire, England. Their fourth-place finish in 2016–17 and defeat to Blackpool in the play-offs meant it was the club's fourth consecutive season in League Two and 92nd season in the English Football League. The season ran from 1 July 2017 to 30 June 2018.
Jesus, son of Fabus
Jesus, son of Fabus, also known as Jesus, son of Phabet, Jesus son of Phiabi or Joshua ben Fabus (Hebrew: יהושע בר פיאבי), was a Jewish High priest (c. 30 – 23 BCE) in the 1st century BCE.

He succeeded Ananelus and was removed by Herod when he appointed his father-in-law, Simon ben Boethus, to the high-priesthood.

High Priest of Israel
The High Priest of Israel  (Hebrew: כֹּהֵן גָּדוֹל, romanized: kohēn gaḏol, lit. 'great priest')  was the head of the kohanim (Israelite priesthood). He played a unique role in the worship conducted in the Tabernacle and later in the Temple in Jerusalem, as well as in some non-ritual matters. Like all priests, he was required to be descended from Aaron, the first priest in the Torah. But unlike other priests, the high priest followed more restrictive laws, wore unique priestly garments, and was the only priest allowed to perform certain ceremonies.

There is still a Samaritan High Priest, but in Judaism, the High Priesthood is defunct.
Hello (Oasis song)
"Hello" is a song by the English rock band Oasis, released on 2 October 1995, by Creation Records, as the opening track from their second studio album, (What's the Story) Morning Glory? (1995). It was written and produced by the band's lead guitarist Noel Gallagher, with additional production from Owen Morris and an interpolation of Gary Glitter's "Hello, Hello, I'm Back Again".

Creation Records
Creation Records Ltd. was a British independent record label founded in 1983 by Alan McGee, Dick Green, and Joe Foster. Its name came from the 1960s band The Creation, whom McGee greatly admired. The label ceased operations in 1999, although it was revived at one point in 2011 for the release of the compilation album Upside Down.

Over the course of its sixteen-year history, Creation predominantly focused on alternative rock, releasing several influential indie rock, shoegaze, and Britpop records, but also featured bands performing various other styles of rock, including indie pop and post-punk, as well as some electronic, folk, and experimental artists. Their roster has included The Jesus and Mary Chain, Primal Scream, Felt, My Bloody Valentine, and Oasis.
Hedjet
Hedjet (Ancient Egyptian: 𓌉𓏏𓋑, romanized: ḥḏt, lit. 'White One') is the White Crown of pharaonic Upper Egypt. After the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, it was combined with the Deshret, the Red Crown of Lower Egypt, to form the Pschent, the double crown of Egypt. The symbol sometimes used for the White Crown was the vulture goddess Nekhbet shown next to the head of the cobra goddess Wadjet, the uraeus on the Pschent.

Lower Egypt
Lower Egypt (Arabic: مصر السفلى Miṣr as-Suflā) is the northernmost region of Egypt, which consists of the fertile Nile Delta between Upper Egypt and the Mediterranean Sea. The Nile River split into seven branches of the delta in Lower Egypt. Lower Egypt was divided into nomes and began to advance as a civilization after 3600 BC. Today, it contains two major channels that flow through the delta of the Nile River – Mahmoudiyah Canal (ancient Agathos Daimon) and Muways Canal (Arabic: بحر موَيس, "waterway of Moses").
Nessler
Nessler or Neßler is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brad Nessler (born 1956), American sportscaster

Julius Neßler (1827–1905), German chemist

Martha Nessler Hayden, (born 1936), American painter, maiden name Nessler.

Karl Nessler (1872–1951), German-born American inventor

Viktor Nessler (1841–1890), Alsatian composer

Martha Nessler Hayden
Martha Nessler Hayden (born 1936) is an American artist, known for Modernist landscape painting and artist books. Hayden lives and works in Sharon, Wisconsin, in a historic Victorian home.

She has produced art in many mediums including oil paint, acrylic paint, watercolor, gouache, fabric art, ceramics and enameling. Over the years, she has also maintained studios in New York City in Astoria (1995–2001) and on the Lower East Side (2001–2017).
Mecha (woreda)
Mecha (formerly known as Merawi) is a woreda in Amhara Region, Ethiopia. The name, Mecha, is taken from the name for a subdivision of the province of Gojjam. Part of the Mirab Gojjam Zone, Mecha is bordered on the south by Sekela, on the southwest by the Agew Awi Zone, on the west by the Lesser Abay River which separates it from Debub Achefer and Semien Achefer, on the northeast by Bahir Dar Zuria, and on the east by Yilmana Densa. Towns in Mecha include Merawi and Wetet Abay.

Bodies of water in this woreda include Tingiti, which is located in a volcanic crater near the Lesser Abay; R.E. Cheesman believed he was the first European to see this body of water when he was shown it in November 1932.

Robert Ernest Cheesman
Major Robert Ernest Cheesman CBE (1878, Ashford, Kent – 13 February 1962) was an English military officer, explorer, ornithologist and author. He is noted for being one of the first to map the Arabian coast and credited with the discovery of a rodent, named after him,  Cheesman's gerbil (Gerbillus cheesmani).
8-Phenyltheophylline
8-Phenyltheophylline (8-phenyl-1,3-dimethylxanthine, 8-PT) is a drug derived from the xanthine family which acts as a potent and selective antagonist for the adenosine receptors A1 and A2A, but unlike other xanthine derivatives has virtually no activity as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. It has stimulant effects in animals with similar potency to caffeine. Coincidentally 8-phenyltheophylline has also been found to be a potent and selective inhibitor of the liver enzyme CYP1A2 which makes it likely to cause interactions with other drugs which are normally metabolised by CYP1A2.

Potency (pharmacology)
In pharmacology, potency or biological potency is a measure of a drug's biological activity expressed in terms of the dose required to produce a pharmacological effect of given intensity. A highly potent drug (e.g., fentanyl, clonazepam, risperidone, benperidol, bumetanide) evokes a given response at low concentrations, while a drug of lower potency (e.g. morphine, diazepam, ziprasidone, haloperidol, furosemide) evokes the same response only at higher concentrations. Higher potency does not necessarily mean greater effectiveness nor more side effects nor less side effects.
Martha's Vineyard Hospital
Martha's Vineyard Hospital (MVH) is a not-for-profit community hospital located in Oak Bluffs, Massachusetts, a town on the island of Martha's Vineyard. Founded in 1921, it is the only hospital in Dukes County. The hospital is part of Mass General Brigham. MVH also owns a nursing home, the Windemere Nursing & Rehabilitation Center, located on its campus.

In 2021, MVH operated with revenues of $114 million and had 31 licensed beds. They reported 14,068 ED visits and 1,364 inpatient discharges.

Community hospital
A community hospital can be purely a nominal designation or have a more specific meaning. When specific, it refers to a hospital that is accessible to the general public and provides a general or specific medical care which is usually short-term, in a cost-effective setting, and also focuses on preventing illnesses as opposed to only treating them. The word community often occurs in the name of the hospital. The word community is used in the sense of a location-based community for a community hospital.  The following sections describe community hospitals when referred to in specific countries.
Olivier Nägele
Olivier Nägele (born 17 March 1972) is a Liechtensteiner ski mountaineer.

Nägele started ski mountaineering in 1990 and competed first Mountain Attack race in 2000. Because Liechtenstein has no national ski mountaineering team, he mostly takes part in international events as a single participant.

Ski mountaineering
Ski mountaineering (abbreviated to skimo) is a skiing discipline that involves climbing mountains either on skis or carrying them, depending on the steepness of the ascent, and then descending on skis. There are two major categories of equipment used: free-heel telemark skis and skis based on alpine skis, where the heel is free for ascents, but is fixed during descent. The discipline may be practiced recreationally or as a competitive sport.

Competitive ski mountaineering is typically a timed racing event that follows an established trail through challenging winter alpine terrain while passing through a series of checkpoints. Racers climb and descend under their own power using backcountry skiing equipment and techniques. More generally, ski mountaineering is an activity that variously combines ski touring, telemark, backcountry skiing, and mountaineering.

Ski mountaineering made its debut as an Olympic Games event in the 2026 Winter Olympics.
Esteban Albarrán Mendoza
Esteban Albarrán Mendoza (born 30 June 1968) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party. 
In the 2009 mid-terms he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent the second district of Guerrero during the 61st Congress.

2009 Mexican legislative election
Legislative elections were held in Mexico on 5 July 2009. Voters elected 500 new deputies (300 by their respective constituencies and 200 by proportional representation) to sit in the Chamber of Deputies for the 61st Congress.
Terence Denyer
Terence Gerald Denyer (born 26 May 1981) is a former Zimbabwean cricketer. Born in Umtali (now Mutare), he is a right-handed batsman and right-arm leg break bowler. He played nine first-class matches in the Logan Cup for his home province Manicaland between 2000 and 2001.

Mutare
Mutare, known as Umtali until 1982, is the capital and largest city in the province of Manicaland. It is the third-largest city in Zimbabwe. Having surpassed Gweru in the 2012 census, with an urban population of 224,802 and approximately 260,567 in the surrounding districts, Mutare adds to the wider metropolitan area a total population of over 500,000 people. Mutare is also the capital of Manicaland Province and the largest city in eastern Zimbabwe.

Located near the border with Mozambique, Mutare has long been a centre of trade and a key terminus en route to the port of Beira (in Beira, Mozambique). Mutare is hub for trade with railway links, pipeline transport and highways linking the coast with Harare and Zimbabwe's interior. Other traditional industries include timber, papermaking, commerce, food processing, telecommunications, and transportation. In addition the city serves as a gateway to the scenic Eastern Highlands, nearby Gorongosa National Park, and the Mozambique coast.
More Than Music Vol. 1
More Than Music, Vol. 1 is a mixtape by American hip-hop collective The Diplomats. It was released on June 21, 2005, through Diplomat Records; with distribution via Koch Records.

Recording sessions took place at The Honor Room, Dreamsound Studios, Dark Dimension Studios and Sony Music Studios in New York City, Santana's World in New Jersey and Ray House. Production was handled by The Heatmakerz, Doe Boyz, Scram Jones, DukeDaGod, Skitzo, Dame Grease, Darrell "Digga" Branch, DJ Green Lantern, J. Arm, John Dolo, Knoxbonikz, Mayor, Nomadic, Pro-V, Wattz and Zurc, with co-producers Ash and Wreck.

In the United States, the album peaked at number 22 on the Billboard 200, number 7 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums, number 5 on the Top Rap Albums and number 2 on the Independent Albums charts.

Its sequel mixtape, More Than Music Vol. 2, would be released on December 5, 2006.

MNRK Music Group
MNRK Music Group (pronounced "monarch"), formerly known as Koch Records and Entertainment One (eOne) Music, is an American independent record label and music management company based in New York City. It was formed in 1987 as a music division of Koch Entertainment, which was acquired by and absorbed into Entertainment One (or eOne for short) in 2004. eOne was acquired by toy and multimedia company Hasbro in 2019, absorbed its family brands division in the process and announced the sale of this division to the Blackstone Group in April 2021, which then adopted this name. Hasbro then sold the remains of eOne to Lionsgate, who then rebranded it initially as eOne Canada and then Lionsgate Canada.

MNRK owns the libraries of Artemis Records, Dualtone Records, Last Gang Records and Prosthetic Records.
Boxing at the 1999 Pan American Games
The Men's Boxing Tournament at the 1999 Pan American Games was held in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada from July 31 to August 8. It served as a qualification tournament for the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. The number one and two earned a ticket for the Olympic Tournament.

1999 Pan American Games
The 1999 Pan American Games, officially the XIII Pan American Games (French: XIII Jeux panaméricains) or the 13th Pan American Games and commonly known as Winnipeg 1999, were a major international multi-sport event that was held from July 23 to August 8, 1999, in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada and surrounding towns and cities. Canoeing competitions started the day before the games officially began. Approximately 5,000 athletes from 42 nations participated in the games to vie for a total of 330 medal events in 34 sports and 42 disciplines.

Financially, the 1999 games were a success, generating a surplus of $8.9 million through a combination of fiscal restraint and the contribution of nearly 20,000 volunteers.

The 1999 Pan American Games were the second Pan American Games hosted by Canada and Winnipeg. Previously, Winnipeg hosted the 1967 Pan American Games.
1874 North Lincolnshire by-election
The 1874 North Lincolnshire by-election was fought on 16 March 1874.  The by-election was fought due to the incumbent Conservative MP, Rowland Winn, becoming Lord Commissioner of the Treasury.  It was retained by the incumbent.

North Lincolnshire (UK Parliament constituency)
North Lincolnshire, formally known as the Northern Division of Lincolnshire or as Parts of Lindsey, was a county constituency in the Lindsey district of Lincolnshire.  It returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
Jack Grundy (rugby league)
John James Grundy (27 August 1926 – 1978) was an English professional rugby league footballer who played as a second-row forward in the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s.

He played at representative level for Great Britain and Lancashire, and at club level for United Glass Bottle ARLFC (now Eccleston Lions ARLFC (in Eccleston, St Helens) of the North West Men's League), New Church Tavern ARLFC (in St Helens), St. Helens, Barrow and Roose ARLFC (in Roose, Barrow-in-Furness).

Eccleston, St Helens
Eccleston is a civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of St Helens, Merseyside, England. At the 2011 census, it had a population of 10,433.

Within the boundaries of the historic county of Lancashire, the early history of Eccleston is marked by its status as a township, an area much larger than the modern civil parish, extending into what is now St. Helens. Part of the township was united with Parr, Sutton and part of Windle to form the Municipal Borough of St Helens in 1868.

Eccleston is one of seven civil parishes in the Borough of St Helens and one of the largest, covering the neighbourhoods of Eccleston Park, Gillars Green, Eccleston Mere, Eccleston village and an area around the A580 East Lancashire Road.
Hefei–Bengbu high-speed railway
Hefei–Bengbu high-speed railway (or the Hefei–Bengbu section of the Beijing–Taipei high-speed rail corridor)  is a 130.67 km (81.19 mi) high-speed rail line between Hefei and Bengbu in Anhui province.  It is a part of the future Jingfu line connecting Beijing and Fuzhou, Fujian.

Construction started in January 2009. The railway was opened on  October 16, 2012.

With the fastest (G-series) trains on the new line, the travel time from  Hefei to Beijing South railway station is only four hours. Besides the Hefei-Beijing trains, there is also direct service from Hefei to Qingdao, via Jinan and the Jiaozhou–Jinan high-speed railway.

The total estimated investment is 13.6 billion yuan. The design speed is 350 km/h (220 mph). It is part of the Jingfu line connecting Beijing and Fuzhou, Fujian.

There are 8 stations along this line.

Bengbu
Bengbu (Chinese: 蚌埠; pinyin: Bèngbù; Wade–Giles: Peng-pu) is a city in northern Anhui Province, China. Its population was 3,296,408 registered residents at the 2020 census. 1,968,027 lived in the built-up area made of four Bengbu urban districts and Fengyang County in Chuzhou Prefecture, largely being conurbated. Its name means "Clam Wharf" in Chinese, echoing its former reputation as a freshwater pearl fishery.
Cantrill (surname)
Cantrill is an occupational surname, for a bellman, first recorded in Staffordshire, England.

Arthur and Corinne Cantrill, Australian filmmakers and commentators

Bryan Cantrill, American software developer

Hadley Cantril (1906–1969), American researcher of public opinion

James E. Cantrill (1839–1908), Captain in the Confederate States Army Cavalry, politician and judge

J. Campbell Cantrill (1870–1923),  U.S. Representative from Kentucky

Andrew Cantrill, British organist and choral director

Andrew Cantrill
Andrew Cantrill-Fenwick is a British-born organist and choral director.  He has held cathedral positions in New Zealand and the United States, and was  organist of the Royal Hospital School, Holbrook, Suffolk until September 2018. He is a Fellow, prize-winner and former Trustee Council member of the Royal College of Organists, and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts. He is a tutor for the RCO Academy Organ School, an examiner for the Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music, an active recitalist, and a sought-after broadcaster, writer and presenter.
Delmenhorst – Wesermarsch – Oldenburg-Land
Delmenhorst – Wesermarsch – Oldenburg-Land is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 28. It is located in northwestern Lower Saxony, comprising the city of Delmenhorst and the districts of Wesermarsch and Landkreis Oldenburg.

Delmenhorst – Wesermarsch – Oldenburg-Land was created for the inaugural 1949 federal election. From 2021 to 2025, it has been represented by Susanne Mittag of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). Since 2025 it is been represented by Bastian Ernst of the CDU.

Oldenburg (district)
The district of Oldenburg (German: Landkreis Oldenburg, not to be confused with the cities of Oldenburg and Oldenburg in Holstein) is a district in the state of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the east and clockwise) the districts of Diepholz, Vechta, Cloppenburg and Ammerland, the city of Oldenburg, the district of Wesermarsch and the city of Delmenhorst.
2002 Polish local elections
The 2002 Polish local elections were held in two parts, with the first round on 27 October and the second on 10 November 2002. All 16 provincial voivodeship sejmiks, 314 powiat county councils, 2,748 Gmina municipal councils, and town and city mayors were up for election. The event was the first of its kind to allow direct elections for mayors of municipalities. The local polls followed one year after the decisive victory of the Democratic Left Alliance in the 2001 parliamentary elections and were seen as a test of the popularity of the Democratic Left Alliance and Polish People's Party coalition government under Prime Minister Leszek Miller.

Democratic Left Alliance (Poland)
The Democratic Left Alliance (Polish: Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej) was a social-democratic political party in Poland. It was formed on 9 July 1991 as an electoral alliance of centre-left parties, and became a single party on 15 April 1999. It was the major coalition party in Poland between 1993 and 1997, and between 2001 and 2005, with four Prime ministers coming from the party: Józef Oleksy, Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz, Leszek Miller and Marek Belka. It then faded into opposition, overshadowed by the rise of Civic Platform and Law and Justice.

In February 2020, the party initiated a process to merge with the Spring party, choosing the name New Left (Polish: Nowa Lewica), and changing to a more modern logo.

The party was a member of the Party of European Socialists and Progressive Alliance.
Nathan Westcott House
The Nathan Westcott House is a historic house in Cranston, Rhode Island.  This 1+1⁄2-story gambrel-roofed wood-frame house was built c. 1770 as a "half house", and extended about 20 years later, based on architectural evidence.  The house was probably built by Nathan Westcott, a member of the locally prominent Westcott family, whose progenitor was among the area's early settlers.  The house was later owned by the Joy family, whose homestead stands next door.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

Cranston, Rhode Island
Cranston, formerly known as Pawtuxet, is a city in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States. The official population of the city in the 2020 United States Census was 82,934, making it the second-largest city in the state. The center of population of Rhode Island is located in Cranston. Cranston is a part of the Providence metropolitan area.

The Town of Cranston was created in 1754 from a portion of Providence north of the Pawtuxet River. After losing much of its territory to neighboring towns and the city of Providence, Cranston itself became a city on March 10, 1910.
Duach Jock
Duach Jock (born 20 December 1986) is a South Sudanese footballer who plays for the North County Battalion in National Premier Soccer League.

In 2018, Jock moved to Indian I-League club Chennai City for remainder of the 2017–18 season.

National Premier Soccer League
The National Premier Soccer League (NPSL) is an American men's soccer league. The league is officially affiliated to the United States Adult Soccer Association (USASA) and has automatic qualification for the U.S. Open Cup. It is the successor of the Men's Premier Soccer League, a regional league originally based in the Western United States, which has now expanded nationwide to encompass teams from 29 states. The league's motto is "A National League with a Regional Focus".