hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Simplicial group
In mathematics, more precisely, in the theory of simplicial sets, a simplicial group is a simplicial object in the category of groups. Similarly, a simplicial abelian group is a simplicial object in the category of abelian groups. A simplicial group is a Kan complex (in particular, its homotopy groups make sense). The Dold–Kan correspondence says that a simplicial abelian group may be identified with a chain complex. In fact it can be shown that
any simplicial abelian group  is non-canonically homotopy equivalent to a product of Eilenberg–MacLane spaces,

A commutative monoid in the category of simplicial abelian groups is a simplicial commutative ring.

Eckmann (1945) discusses a simplicial analogue of the fact that a cohomology class on a Kähler manifold has a unique harmonic representative and deduces Kirchhoff's circuit laws from these observations.

Homotopy group
In mathematics, homotopy groups are used in algebraic topology to classify topological spaces. The first and simplest homotopy group is the fundamental group, denoted  which records information about loops in a space.  Intuitively, homotopy groups record information about the basic shape, or holes, of a topological space.

To define the nth homotopy group, the base-point-preserving maps from an n-dimensional sphere (with base point) into a given space (with base point)  are collected into equivalence classes, called homotopy classes. Two mappings are homotopic if one can be continuously deformed into the other. These homotopy classes form a group, called the nth homotopy group,  of the given space X with base point. Topological spaces with differing homotopy groups are never homeomorphic, but topological spaces that are not homeomorphic can have the same homotopy groups.

The notion of homotopy of paths was introduced by Camille Jordan.
Jamie McIntosh
Jamie McIntosh is the founder and former executive director of International Justice Mission (IJM) Canada, an organization dedicated to rescuing children from being exploited overseas. He has a master's degree in international human rights law from the University of Oxford.

Langley, British Columbia (city)
The City of Langley, commonly referred to as Langley City, or just Langley, is a municipality in the Metro Vancouver Regional District in British Columbia, Canada. It lies directly east of Surrey, adjacent to the Cloverdale area, and is surrounded elsewhere by the Township of Langley, bordered by its neighbourhoods of Willowbrook to the north, Murrayville to the east, and Brookswood and Fern Ridge to the south.
Park Hee-jun (karateka)
Park Hee-jun (born March 29, 1994) is a South Korean senior male karateka.

The 24-year-old became the first South Korean to win an Asian Games medal in kata, a non-sparring event in which practitioners demonstrate the Japanese martial art’s patterns and movements.
Since karate became an Asiad medal sport, South Korea has won eight bronze medals over the last six Asian Games, all in kumite, a sparring discipline.
He placed third in the Karate1 Premier League's 2014 Jakarta tournament.

Kata
Kata is a Japanese word  (型 or 形) meaning 'form'. It refers to a detailed choreographed pattern of martial arts movements. It can also be reviewed within groups and in unison when training. It is practiced in Japanese martial arts as a way to memorize and perfect the movements being executed.   Korean martial arts with Japanese influence (hapkido, Tang Soo Do) use the derived term hyeong (hanja: 形) and also the term pumsae (hanja: 品勢 hangeul: 품새).

Kata are also used in many traditional Japanese arts such as theatre forms like kabuki and schools of tea ceremony (chadō), but are most commonly known  in the martial arts. Kata are used by most Japanese and Okinawan martial arts, such as iaido, judo, kendo, kenpo, and karate.
Claud Scott
Christianity portal

Claud Syms Scott (31 August 1901 – 14 October 1983) was Archdeacon of Suffolk from 1962.

Scott was educated at Brentwood School and Trinity College, Oxford. He was ordained in 1927 and began his career with a curacy in Bedminster. He was Curate in charge at All Hallows Ipswich from 1930 to 1938; Vicar of Exning with Landwade from 1938 to 1954;Master of the Worshipful Company of Armourers and Brasiers in 1951; Rural Dean of Newmarket from 1946 to 1954;Rector of Stradbroke with Horham and Athelington from 1954 to 1958;Rector of St Mary Stoke from 1958 to 1962; Rural Dean of Ipswich from 1958 to 1961; and Vicar of Hoxne with Denham St John from 1962 to 1970.

Landwade
Landwade is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Exning, in the West Suffolk district, in the county of Suffolk, England. It is 4 miles north of Newmarket. It was one of the smallest parishes in the county, it is only 1 kilometre from north to south and at most 500m from east to west. In 1951 the parish had a population of 38.

The village is crossed by the New River (formerly known as Monk's Lode), a small river that flows through Wicken Fen and reaches the River Cam at Upware. The village's name probably derives in part from gewaed, an Old English word meaning "ford".
Atlanta sit-ins
The Atlanta sit-ins were a series of sit-ins that took place in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. Occurring during the sit-in movement of the larger civil rights movement, the sit-ins were organized by the Committee on Appeal for Human Rights, which consisted of students from the Atlanta University Center. The sit-ins were inspired by the Greensboro sit-ins, which had started a month earlier in Greensboro, North Carolina with the goal of desegregating the lunch counters in the city. The Atlanta protests lasted for almost a year before an agreement was made to desegregate the lunch counters in the city.

Desegregation in the United States
Desegregation is the process of ending the separation of two groups, usually referring to races. Desegregation is typically measured by the index of dissimilarity, allowing researchers to determine whether desegregation efforts are having impact on the settlement patterns of various groups. This is most commonly used in reference to the United States. Desegregation was long a focus of the American civil rights movement, both before and after the US Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education, particularly desegregation of the school systems and the military. Racial integration of society was a closely related goal.
Al Kharsaah
Al Kharsaah (Arabic: الخرسعة; also spelled Al Khuraisa) is a village in Qatar located in the municipality of Al-Shahaniya, approximately 80 km west of the capital Doha. Nearby areas include Umm Washah, Umm Al-Jaljam, Umm Bab and Umm Taqa. It hosts a stage of the Qatar International Rally.

Qatar International Rally
The Qatar International Rally (known previously as Qatar Rally, also known as International Rally of Qatar) is an international rallying event held near the Qatari capital Doha. The rally, a gravel and sand event, dates back into the 1970s and has long been one of the cornerstone events of the Middle East Rally Championship and is one of two events (along with Dubai International Rally) to have been held in every year of the MERC.

The rally has had a group of multiple winners with local Nasser Al-Attiyah taking thirteen victories in a fourteen-year period. Emirati driver Mohammed Ben Sulayem has claimed nine victories and Qatari Saeed Al-Hajri has had five wins.
Cecil Jenkinson
Cecil Victor Jenkinson (15 May 1891 – 6 November 1980) was an English cricketer.  Jenkinson was a right-handed batsman played primarily as a wicketkeeper.  He was born at Ilford, Essex.

Jenkinson made his first-class debut for Essex in the 1922 County Championship against Hampshire at the United Services Recreation Ground, Portsmouth.  From 1922 to 1923, he represented the county in 5 first-class matches, the last of which came against Middlesex. In his 5 first-class matches, he scored 9 runs at a batting average of 2.25, with a high score of 8.  Behind the stumps he took 4 catches and made 4 stumpings.

He died at Pembury, Kent, on 6 November 1980.

Essex County Cricket Club
Essex County Cricket Club is one of eighteen first-class county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Essex.

Founded in 1876, the club had minor county status until 1894 when it was promoted to first-class status pending its entry into the County Championship in 1895. Since then, the team has played in every top-level domestic cricket competition in England.

Essex currently play all their home games at the County Cricket Ground, Chelmsford. The club has formerly used other venues throughout the county including Lower Castle Park in Colchester, Valentines Park in Ilford, Leyton Cricket Ground, the Gidea Park Sports Ground in Romford, and Garon Park and Southchurch Park, both in Southend.

The limited overs team has previously been known as the Essex Eagles but now play simply as Essex.
Scaling, North Yorkshire
Scaling is a village in the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. The name of Scaling is first recorded in 1243 as Scalingis, and it is thought to be derived from Old Norse meaning a shieling, or pastureland. Although not specifically mentioned, John Christopher Atkinson theorised that Scaling was one of the unknown settlements mentioned as part of the parish of Hinderwell in the Domesday Book.

Most of the village lies within the unitary authority of Redcar and Cleveland, and the civil parish of Loftus, however, the eastern side of the settlement is in North Yorkshire and the civil parish of Roxby. Population statistics are included within the 2011 census report for Loftus. The village is just north of the A171 road where it passes Scaling Dam Reservoir.

Shieling
A shieling (Scottish Gaelic: Àirigh) is a hut on a seasonal cattle pasture high in the hills, once common in upland or rural places in Scotland. Oval, circular or rectangular on plan, they were often constructed of dry stone or turf, with a small doorway and without any window openings. More loosely, the term may denote a seasonal mountain pasture for the grazing of cattle in summer. Seasonal pasturage implies transhumance between the shieling and a valley settlement in winter. Many Scottish songs have been written about life in shielings, often concerning courtship and love. The ruins of shielings are a relatively common feature in upland Scotland, particularly the Highlands and many are depicted on Ordnance Survey maps.
Kicker (magazine)
Kicker (stylized in all lowercase) is Germany's leading sports magazine, focused primarily on football. The magazine was founded in 1920 by German football pioneer Walther Bensemann and is published twice weekly, usually Monday and Thursday. Each edition sells around 80,000 copies. Kicker is a founding member of European Sports Media, an association of football publications.

Kicker annually awards the most prolific scorer of the Bundesliga with the Kicker Torjägerkanone (lit. 'Kicker scorer cannon') award. It is equivalent to the Pichichi Trophy in Spanish football.

The magazine also publishes an almanac, the Kicker Fußball-Almanach. It was first published from 1937 to 1942, and then continuously from 1959 to date. They also publish a yearbook (Kicker Fußball-Jahrbuch).

Pichichi Trophy
In Spanish football, the Pichichi Trophy (Spanish: Trofeo Pichichi) is awarded by the sports newspaper Marca to the top goalscorer of each La Liga season. Named after the Athletic Bilbao striker Rafael "Pichichi" Moreno, the trophy has been awarded annually since the 1952–53 season. All top scorers who preceded the award's creation were retroactively named Pichichi winners by Marca. Since the 2014–15 season, the top scorer of the women's Liga F is also awarded the Pichichi Trophy.

The Pichichi is not officially recognised by the league's governing body, the Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional. As the award is based on Marca's subjective criteria, its data may differ from the official match delegate reports. For the top scorers in the Spanish football league according to La Liga data, see List of La Liga top scorers. The player with the record number of wins is Lionel Messi with eight, all with Barcelona.
William H. Todd
William H. Todd (1864–1932) was an American shipbuilder and philanthropist.

He was born on November 27, 1864, the son of a boilermaker in Wilmington, Delaware.  He apprenticed to be a shipwright at the Pusey and Jones Shipyard in Wilmington as a young man and moved to  Brooklyn, New York in 1893 to work in the Brooklyn Navy Yard.  He left the Navy Yard in 1896, to become foreman of the Robins Dry Dock & Repair Company of Erie Basin. He eventually became president of Robins, and in 1916 merged that company with others to form the Todd Shipyards.

He died May 15, 1932.

Pusey and Jones
The Pusey and Jones Corporation was a major shipbuilder and industrial-equipment manufacturer. Based in Wilmington, Delaware, it operated from 1848 to 1959.

Shipbuilding was its primary focus from 1853 until the end of World War II, when the company converted the shipyard to produce machinery for paper manufacturing. The yard built more than 500 ships, from large cargo vessels to small warships and yachts, including Volunteer, the winner of the 1887 America's Cup.
2011–12 Basketball League of Serbia
The 2011–12 Basketball League of Serbia season is the 6th season of the Basketball League of Serbia, the highest professional basketball league in Serbia. It is also 68th national championship played by Serbian clubs inclusive of nation's previous incarnations as Yugoslavia and Serbia & Montenegro.
The first half of the season consists of 14 teams and 182-game regular season (26 games for each of the 14 teams) began on Saturday, October 9, 2011, and will end on Sunday, March 12, 2012. The second half of the season consists of 4 teams from Adriatic League and the best 4 teams from first half of the season. The first half is called First League and  second is called Super League.

Basketball League of Serbia
The Basketball League of Serbia (Serbian: Кошаркашка лига Србије, romanized: Košarkaška liga Srbije), commonly abbreviated as KLS, is a top-tier men's professional basketball league in Serbia. Founded in 2006. It is currently not run by the Basketball Federation of Serbia (KSS).
Myron
Myron of Eleutherae (/ˈmaɪrən/; Ancient Greek: Μύρων, Myrōn [mý.rɔːn]; c. 485 – c. 440 BC) was an Athenian sculptor from the mid-5th century BC. Alongside three other Greek sculptors, Polykleitos, Pheidias, and Praxiteles, Myron is considered as one of the most important sculptors of classical antiquity. He was born in Eleutherae on the borders of Boeotia and Attica.  According to Natural History, a Latin encyclopedia by Pliny the Elder (AD 23–79), a scholar in Ancient Rome, Ageladas of Argos was his teacher.

None of his original sculptures are known to survive, but there are many later copies of his works, such as his Discobolus, mostly Roman.

Boeotia
Boeotia (/biˈoʊʃ(i)ə/ bee-OH-sh(ee-)ə; Greek: Βοιωτία, pronounced [vi.oˈti.a]; Ancient Greek: Βοιωτῐ́ᾱ, romanized: Boiōtĭ́ā) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Central Greece. Its capital is Livadeia, and its largest city is Thebes.

Boeotia was also a region of ancient Greece, from before the 6th century BC.
Leesville Road High School
Leesville Road High School (also known locally as Leesville High School, abbreviated as LRHS), is a comprehensive public high school located in Raleigh, North Carolina. It is a part of the Wake County Public School System. Established in 1993, it has approximately 2,500 enrolled students and offers a variety of extracurricular activities, including band, computer science club, solar car team, model UN, foreign language, newspaper, yearbook, National Honor Society, Student Council, Speech and Debate, and many other clubs.

National Honor Society
The National Honor Society (NHS) is one of the oldest, largest, and most widely recognized cocurricular student organizations in American high schools, with 1.4 million members. The purpose of the NHS is to create enthusiasm for scholarship, to recognize outstanding students, to stimulate a desire to render service, to promote leadership, and to develop character in the students of secondary schools. Membership in local NHS chapters is an honor bestowed upon a student by a Faculty Council and is based on the four pillars of NHS: scholarship, character, leadership, and service. Once selected, members have the responsibility to continue to demonstrate these qualities.
Yesken Sergebayev
Yesken Amanzholovich Sergebayev (born on 19 May 1940 in Almaty, KazSSR)- is a prominent Soviet and Kazakh sculptor, former Dean of Paintings and Sculptor Faculty, currently he is the Professor and Head of Sculptor Department of Kazakh National Academy of Arts named after T.Zhurgenov.

In 1982 Yesken Sergebayev got The State Prize for the monument of Mukhtar Auezov.

In 1983 Yesken Sergebayev got The Honored Art Worker State Prize.

In 2008 Yesken Sergebayev got The Order of Nobility (Order of Parasat) as a notable figure in the arts field of Kazakhstan.

Dinmukhamed Kunaev
Dınmūhammed Ahmetūly Qonaev (Kazakh: Дінмұхаммед Ахметұлы Қонаев; 12 January 1912 [O.S. 31 December 1911] – 22 August 1993) was a Soviet communist politician who served as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Kazakh SSR.
Texas State Highway Spur 557
Spur 557 is a 4.369-mile-long (7.031 km) spur route in the city of Terrell in the U.S. state of Texas.  Spur 557 is a freeway connector between I-20 and US 80.  It is signed as "Spur 557 To I-20" eastbound or "Spur 557 To US 80" westbound.  Spur 557 is the original routing of I-20 prior to I-20 being rerouted to the south.

The route traverses a largely undeveloped area in Kaufman County, Texas between Forney, Texas and Terrell, Texas and serves to distribute eastbound traffic onto Interstate 20 and westbound traffic onto the US 80 freeway leading into the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex.

Forney, Texas
Forney is a city in Kaufman County, Texas, United States, and has been named by the Texas Legislature as the "Antique Capital of Texas". It is part of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. The population was 23,455 at the 2020 census.
Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a deep impact on the Irish economy, leading it into a recession. Essential public health measures announced by the Irish Government to contain the spread of COVID-19 resulted in the largest monthly increase in unemployment in the history of the Republic of Ireland during March 2020. By 24 April, there were more than one million people in receipt of support interventions to the labour market, including those in receipt of the COVID-19 Pandemic Unemployment Payment and the COVID-19 Temporary Wage Subsidy Scheme. While there were job losses in all sectors, individuals working in tourism, hospitality, food and retail have seen the largest job losses.

National Transport Authority (Ireland)
The National Transport Authority (Irish: Údarás Náisiúnta Iompair) or NTA, publicly operating as Transport for Ireland, is the transport operating authority for Greater Dublin and the public transport licensing agency for Ireland. It was established under the provisions of the Dublin Transport Authority Act (2008) and the Public Transport Regulation Act (2009), on 1 December 2009.

The NTA took over certain functions from the Department of Transport and the entire role of the Dublin Transportation Office.  It has also taken over the functions of the Commission for Taxi Regulation when Part 4 of the Public Transport Regulation Act (2009) commenced on 1 January 2011.
Close Combat: A Bridge Too Far
Close Combat: A Bridge Too Far, or Close Combat II, is a World War II real-time computer wargame, developed by Atomic Games, and released on October 13, 1997. The second installment of the Close Combat series, the game is played on a two-dimensional map, between two players.

Close Combat is based on Operation Market Garden; most units in the game are based on those used in 1944, with the exception of a few which are only available in custom games. The game may be played as either the Germans, or the Allies, the latter divided into the British, Americans, and Polish. The game received mainly positive reviews. On February 6, 2018, the game was re-released on GOG.com.

Two-dimensional space
A two-dimensional space is a mathematical space with two dimensions, meaning points have two degrees of freedom: their locations can be locally described with two coordinates or they can move in two independent directions. Common two-dimensional spaces are often called planes, or, more generally, surfaces. These include analogs to physical spaces, like flat planes, and curved surfaces like spheres, cylinders, and cones, which can be infinite or finite. Some two-dimensional mathematical spaces are not used to represent physical positions, like an affine plane or complex plane.
Cinématon
Cinématon is a 157-hour-long experimental film by French director Gérard Courant.

It was the longest film ever released until 2011. Composed over 30 years from 1978 until 2009, it consists of a series of over 3,111 silent vignettes (cinématons), each 3 minutes and 25 seconds long, of various celebrities, artists, journalists and friends of the director, each doing whatever they want for the allotted time. Subjects of the film include directors Sergey Parajanov, Barbet Schroeder, Nagisa Oshima, Volker Schlöndorff, Ken Loach, Benjamin Cuq, Youssef Chahine, Wim Wenders, Joseph Losey, Jean-Luc Godard, Samuel Fuller and Terry Gilliam, chess grandmaster Joël Lautier, and actors Roberto Benigni, Stéphane Audran, Julie Delpy and Lesley Chatterley. Gilliam is featured eating a 100-franc note, while Fuller smokes a cigar. Courant's favourite subject was a 7-month-old baby. The film was screened in its then-entirety in Avignon in November 2009 and was screened in Redondo Beach in April 2010.

Youssef Chahine
Youssef Chahine (Arabic: يوسف شاهين [ˈjuːsɪf ʃæˈhiːn]; 25 January 1926 – 27 July 2008) was an Egyptian film director. He was active in the Egyptian film industry from 1950 until his death in 2008. He directed twelve films included in a list of Top 100 Egyptian films published by the Cairo International Film Festival. A winner of the Cannes 50th Anniversary Award (for lifetime achievement), Chahine was credited with launching the career of actor Omar Sharif. A well-regarded director with critics, he was often present at film festivals during the earlier decades of his work. Chahine gained his largest international audience as one of the co-directors of 11'9"01 September 11 (2002).
62nd Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards
The 62nd Annual Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards ceremony was held on August 21, 2010 at the Nokia Theatre in Downtown Los Angeles. This was in conjunction with the annual Primetime Emmy Awards and was presented in recognition of technical and other similar achievements in American television programming. E! aired clips from the ceremony on August 28, the evening preceding the night of the primetime telecast.

Creative Arts Emmy Awards
The Creative Arts Emmys are a class of Emmy Awards presented in recognition of technical and other similar achievements in American television programming. They are commonly awarded to behind-the-scenes personnel such as production designers, set decorators, video editors, costume designers, cinematographers, casting directors, and sound editors.

The Creative Arts category includes additional awards for outstanding animated programs, commercials, and guest actors.

The first Creative Arts Emmys were held in 1970 alongside the 22nd Primetime Emmy Awards due to the growing number of categories at the time. The Primetime Creative Arts and Daytime Creative Arts awards are presented at separate Creative Arts ceremonies on the weekend before their respective main Primetime and Daytime ceremonies. The Emmy awards for Sports are presented in a single ceremony, giving both the main and the creative arts awards.