hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jean-Charles Pichegru
Divisional-General Jean-Charles Pichegru (16 February 1761 – 5 April 1804) was a French Army officer who served in the French Revolutionary Wars. Under his command, French troops overran the Austrian Netherlands and Dutch Republic in the Flanders campaign before fighting on the Rhine front. Pichegru's Royalist views subsequently led to his fall from grace and imprisonment in Cayenne following the Coup of 18 Fructidor in 1797. After escaping into exile in London and joining the staff of Alexander Korsakov, he returned to France and planned the Pichegru Conspiracy to remove Napoleon from power, which led to his arrest and suicide. Despite Pichegru's defection, his surname is one of the names inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe.

Names inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe
The following is a list of the 660 names inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe in Paris. Most of them represent generals who served during the French First Republic (1792–1804) and the First French Empire (1804–1815). Underlined names signify those killed in action. Additionally, the names of specific armies are listed, grouped together by the four compass facades of the arch: North (northern France, lower Rhine, Netherlands), East (Central Europe, Switzerland, Italy), South (Mediterranean Europe, Egypt, southern France) and West (Pyrenees, western France, notable units).

Related list: Battles inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe.

Northern pillar  Armies of northern France, the lower Rhine and the Netherlands.

Eastern pillar  Armies of Central Europe, Switzerland and Italy.

Southern pillar  Armies of Mediterranean Europe, Egypt and southern France.

Western pillar  Armies of the Pyrenees, western France and notable units.
Kyebambe IV of Tooro
Omukama Daudi Kasagama Kyebambe IV (c. 1874 - 1928) was the 10th Omukama of Tooro from 1891 to his death in 1928. He came to power in 1891 until his death in 1928. He is oftenly remembered as the "defender of modern Toro". He was succeeded by Rukiid III.

Bunyoro
Bunyoro, also called Bunyoro-Kitara, is a traditional Bantu kingdom in Western Uganda. It was one of the most powerful kingdoms in Central and East Africa from the 16th century to the 19th century. It is ruled by the King (Omukama) of Bunyoro-Kitara. The current ruler is Solomon Iguru I, the 27th Omukama.
Przemysław Saleta
Przemysław Saleta (born 7 March 1968) is a Polish professional boxer, as well as a former kickboxer and mixed martial artist. Later he became an actor and sports commentator as well as a TV personality.

European Boxing Union
The European Boxing Union (EBU), formerly known as the International Boxing Union (IBU), is a pan-European governing body that sanctions championship bouts in professional boxing. The EBU governs the EBU European Championship, in addition to their EBU EU Championship for competitors from within the European Union and the EBU EE Championship for those outside the European Union. It is a federation affiliated with the World Boxing Council (WBC).

During most of the 20th century and, particularly, during start of the century, the EBU recognized many world title fights as the IBU. It competed against the American-based National Boxing Association (NBA), which staged the more high profile world title fights.
Veli Railway Station
Veli railway station (Code:VELI) is a railway stations serving the Indian city of Trivandrum, the capital of the state of Kerala. It lies on the Kollam–Thiruvananthapuram rail line. Veli lake is situated near the railway station in Trivandrum district. The station falls under the Thiruvananthapuram railway division of the Southern Railway Zone, Indian Railways. Kazhakoottam and Kochuveli railway stations are the nearby stations on the north and south, respectively.

Kollam–Thiruvananthapuram trunk line
Kollam–Thiruvananthapuram trunk line is a railway line in Southern Railway zone connecting the cities of Kollam and Thiruvananthapuram in the state of Kerala, India. The line was opened on 4 January 1918 as the extension of Madras–Quilon line during metre gauge era.
Fort Duchère
The Fort Duchère (French: fort de la Duchère, pronounced [fɔʁ də la dyʃɛʁ]) or Fort Balmont (French: fort de Balmont, pronounced [fɔʁ də balmɔ̃]) is located in the 9th arrondissement of Lyon. Composed of five bastions built between 1844 and 1851, it is part of the first belt of fortifications in Lyon, which include:

Fort de Caluire (now demolished),

Fort de Loyasse and

Fort Saint-Jean.

This fort was unusual for its star shape, evoking the style of Vauban fortification and construction. It was demolished in 1960 and replaced by a sports complex.

9th arrondissement of Lyon
The 9th arrondissement of Lyon (French: 9e arrondissement de Lyon) is one of the nine arrondissements of the City of Lyon. It covers the northwestern quarters Vaise, Gorge de Loup, Saint-Rambert-l'Île-Barbe, La Duchère and part of Champvert.
2010 Winter Olympics closing ceremony flag bearers
During the closing ceremony in Vancouver, the 82 nations selected one member of their delegation to be the flagbearer. Some countries for example, Albania chose the same athlete (Erjon Tola) as the opening ceremony. On the other hand, some countries such as Algeria had already left the Olympic village, and therefore had its NOC assistant carry the flag.

2010 Winter Olympics closing ceremony
The closing ceremony of the 2010 Winter Olympics took place on February 28, 2010, beginning at 5:30 pm PST (01:30 UTC, March 1) at BC Place Stadium in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It was the first Olympic Closing Ceremony held in an indoor venue since the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo.
13th Carabinieri Regiment "Friuli Venezia Giulia"
The 13th Carabinieri Regiment "Friuli Venezia Giulia" (Italian: 13° Reggimento Carabinieri "Friuli Venezia Giulia") is a Regiment of the mobile organization of the Carabinieri, part of the 2nd Carabinieri Mobile Brigade.

The Regiment, based in Gorizia, was established in 2001 from the elevation of the pre-existing Battalion to a higher level, is a mobile unit with a propensity for foreign deployment.

The 13th Carabinieri Regiment “Friuli Venezia Giulia” is made up of three operational companies plus a Command and Services Company. Among the various commanders of the Unit, there was Lieutenant Colonel Gianfrancesco Siazzu, who later became General Commander of the Carabinieri.

Multinational Specialized Unit
The Multinational Specialized Unit (MSU), is a unit of the Italian Carabinieri, dedicated to the military missions abroad, including the military and civilian police tasks, peacekeeping operations, crowd and riot control.

After its creation in 1998, MSU units took part in many different NATO operations, in Albania, Kosovo, Bosnia Herzegovina and Iraq.
1918 Wisconsin gubernatorial election
The 1918 Wisconsin gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 1918. Primary elections were held on September 3, 1918.

Incumbent Republican Governor Emanuel L. Philipp won the election with 46.99% of the vote, winning his third and last term as governor. Philipp defeated Democratic Party candidate Henry A. Moehlenpah and Socialist candidate Emil Seidel.

Polk County, Wisconsin
Polk County is the westernmost county  in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 44,977.  Its county seat is Balsam Lake. The county was created in 1853 and named for United States President James K. Polk.
The Legend (Johnny Cash box set)
The Legend is a box set by country singer Johnny Cash, (his 91st overall release) released in 2005 (see 2005 in music) on Columbia Records and Legacy Recordings. It is one of the few multi-disc sets that contain songs recorded throughout Cash's entire career, from 1955 to 2003. Over four CDs, most of Cash's biggest hits are covered, in addition to numerous traditional compositions Cash recorded versions of, and several collaborations with other known artists, including Rosanne Cash, U2 and Bob Dylan. In keeping with Cash's persona as the Man in Black, the data surface of the discs is black. In 2006, the set won the Grammy Award for Best Boxed or Special Limited Edition Package. It was certified Gold on January 11, 2006, by the RIAA.

June Carter Cash
Valerie June Carter Cash (June 23, 1929 – May 15, 2003) was an American country singer, songwriter, comedienne, actress, and author. A five-time Grammy Award winner, she was a member of the Carter Family and the second wife of singer Johnny Cash. Before her marriage, she performed as June Carter, a name she continued to use professionally, including on songwriting credits. She played guitar, banjo, harmonica, and autoharp, and acted in several films and television shows. In 2009, she was posthumously inducted into the Christian Music Hall of Fame, and in 2025, she was named a posthumous inductee into the Country Music Hall of Fame.
Mycolicibacter arupensis
Mycolicibacter arupensis (formerly Mycobacterium arupense) is a slowly growing mycobacterium first isolated from soil and human sputum samples in Spain. Etymology: arupense, pertaining to the ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, where the type strain was characterized.

Mycobacteriaceae
Mycobacteriaceae is a family of bacteria in the phylum Actinomycetota. Its name is derived from the Mycobacterium genus, which includes pathogens known to cause serious diseases in mammals, including tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) and leprosy (M. leprae) in humans. The Greek prefix myco- means 'fungus', alluding to the mold-like appearance of these organisms on agar plates.
Mucronella bresadolae
Mucronella bresadolae is a species of fungus in the family Clavariaceae. It was originally described by French mycologist Lucien Quélet in 1888 as Clavaria bresadolae. E.J.H. Corner transferred it to the genus Mucronella in 1970. It is found in Europe and North America.

Clavariaceae
The Clavariaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Originally the family contained most of the clavarioid fungi (club and coral fungi), but in its current sense is more restricted, albeit with a greater diversity of basidiocarp (fruit body) forms. Basidiocarps are variously clavarioid or agaricoid (mushroom-shaped), less commonly corticioid (effused, crust-like) or hydnoid (with pendant spines).
UCI .HC road races
The UCI 1.HC and UCI 2.HC were the second tier classification of road cycling races by the UCI, after the UCI World Tour (or its predecessor, the UCI ProTour). They are now replaced by the UCI ProSeries. The races were part of the various UCI Continental Circuits. The 1.HC events were one-day races, whereas the 2.HC events were stage races. 'HC' stands for the  French phrase hors catégorie, which means beyond categorization. In 2020, the .HC races were replaced by the UCI ProSeries

UCI race classifications
The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), the world's governing body in the sport of bicycle racing, classifies races according to a rating scale.

The rating is represented by a code made of two or three parts and indicates both the type or style of race (the first part), and its importance or difficulty (the second and third parts, lower being harder). The first part can be an integer or an abbreviation, and the second part, when present, are usually integers. Both parts are separated by a period or decimal point (.).

A higher rated race will result in the successful riders receiving more world ranking points.
Wadiyara Koli language
Wadiyara Koli is an Indo-Aryan language of the Gujarati group. It is spoken by the Wadiyara people, who originate from Wadiyar in Gujarat; many of whom are thought to have migrated to Sindh in the early twentieth century, following the onset of famine. The Wadiyara people are affiliated with the Bhil people and Koli people, but are generally more inclined towards associating themselves with the Koli; they are often regarded as a subgroup of the latter.

Koli people
The Koli people are an agriculturist caste of India, mostly found in Gujarat and Himachal Pradesh. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Koli caste was recognised as a criminal tribe under Criminal Tribes Act by British Indian government because of their anti-social activities; but during World War I, Kolis were recognised as a martial caste by British Indian Empire. Kolis of Gujarat were well-known pirates of Arabian Sea.

The Kolis form the largest caste cluster in Gujarat and Himachal Pradesh, comprising 24% and 30% of the total population in those states, respectively.
Monster Bash
Monster Bash (called Graveyard during development) is a side-scrolling platform game developed and published by Apogee Software for DOS. The game features 16-color EGA graphics and IMF AdLib compatible music. It was developed by Frank Maddin and Gerald Lindsly.

The game is divided into three episodes. The first episode of the game is available to download under a shareware license, but the two remaining parts of the game must be purchased. The registered game also removes advertisements and reminders of the benefits of purchasing the games from the first episode and enables cheat code functionality.

The game was re-released in 2014 on GOG.com with support for Windows, macOS, and Linux. In 2021, a remaster of the game developed by Emberheart Games titled 'Monster Bash HD' was released on Steam and GOG.com.

GOG.com
GOG.com (formerly Good Old Games) is a digital distribution platform for video games and films. It is operated by GOG sp. z o.o., which was a wholly owned subsidiary of CD Projekt until December 2025, based in Warsaw, Poland. CD Projekt sold GOG to co-founder Michał Kiciński in December 2025.

GOG.com delivers DRM-free video games through its digital platform for Microsoft Windows, macOS and Linux.
Parker Jacobs
Parker LeGrand Jacobs (born July 17, 1975) is an American artist, musician, author and actor. He is known for his work as an art director on the children's television series Yo Gabba Gabba!, for which he has been nominated for four Daytime Emmy Awards, as well as for his involvement with the Californian bands GOGO13, The Aquabats and The Sandfleas.

The Insyderz
The Insyderz were an American Christian ska-punk band from Detroit, Michigan. They formed in 1996 and disbanded in 2005. The band reformed in 2009, but have not been actively playing shows in the last few years. The Insyderz are one of the "big three" bands which represented the Christian ska scene, alongside the Supertones and Five Iron Frenzy.
Hyderabad Skykings
The Hyderabad Skykings were a professional American football team based in Hyderabad, India. They were members of the East Division in the Elite Football League of India.

Originally based in Kandy, Sri Lanka and called the Kandy Skykings, the team formally joined the league in 2011 and began play in the 2012 season.

Elite Football League of India
The Elite Football League of India (EFLI) was a professional American football league based in India. It was founded with eight franchises in 2011, and had 23 franchises throughout South Asia, among whom 20 located in India, two in Sri Lanka and one in Pakistan. The league had only two seasons.

The winners of the first championship were Pune Marathas, who claimed the title after defeating Delhi Defenders 6–0 in the Elite Bowl I on 10 November 2012.
Killing of Sam Nordquist
Sam Nordquist, a 24-year-old transgender man from Red Wing, Minnesota, was killed in Hopewell, New York in February 2025 after being tortured for over a month. Nordquist had been tortured between December 2024 and February 2025 before being killed, according to a police news release on February 14, 2025.

In Hopewell, the New York State Police, working with local law enforcement, arrested five people, ages 19 to 38, who were charged with second-degree murder with depraved indifference. On February 20, two more suspects, a 29-year-old woman and a 21-year-old man, were charged with the same offense.

Wellness check
A wellness check (also known as a welfare check or a safe and well check) is a colloquial term for an in-person visit from one or more persons, usually by law enforcement or public safety officers, conducted in response to concerns raised about the person's wellbeing.
ACAC consortium
The AVIC I Commercial Aircraft Company (ACAC consortium; Chinese: 中航商用飞机有限公司) was a subsidiary of China Aviation Industry Corporation I (AVIC I), formed in 2002 by various Chinese aviation companies, including:

Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute

602nd Aircraft Design Institute

Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group

Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Factory

Shenyang Aircraft Corporation

Xi'an Aircraft Industrial Corporation

In 2009 it became part of the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China.

Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Company
Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Company (Chinese: 上海飞机制造有限公司), formerly Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Factory, was founded in 1950 with a registered capital of four billion yuan, with two bases, Pudong and Dachang, with more than 5,000 employees. It is a Shanghai-based aerospace company with business in:

aircraft manufacturing

parts and components subcontractor

repair and overhaul

non-aerospace products: aerial ladders, hovercraft, glass wall manufacturing, Swerve rack for magnetic aerotrain

It now belongs to the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China (COMAC) that was established in 2008.
2018 Argentina Open
The 2018 Argentina Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 21st edition of the ATP Buenos Aires event, and part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2018 ATP World Tour. It took place in Buenos Aires, Argentina, from February 12 through 18, 2018.

Argentina Open
The IEB+ Argentina Open or Abierto Argentino is an annual ATP men's tennis event held in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The tournament is listed as an ATP 250 on the ATP Tour, and is played on outdoor clay courts at the 5,500 capacity Buenos Aires Lawn Tennis Club, in the Palermo barrio (neighborhood). Usually held in February, it includes both singles and doubles events.

The tournament was established in 1927 as the Argentina International Championships and was a combined men's and women's event from 1928 until 1987 when the women's tournament was discontinued (after 34 years the women's event resumed in 2021). Between 1970 and 1988 it was part of the Grand Prix tennis circuit and a Grand Prix Super Series event (1970–71). Between 1993 and 1995 it was part of the ATP World Series.

This event is not to be confused with the Argentine Championship (1918-1997), which was the open national championships of Argentina held at the Tennis Club Argentino (founded 1913) also in Buenos Aires.
Citroën Rosalie
The original Citroën Rosalie was a light-weight racing car that established a succession of records at the Montlhéry racing circuit. More generally the Rosalie was a range of three models/sizes of automobile that comprised the core of Citroën's model range between 1932 and 1938. The three models were originally designated respectively the 8CV, the 10CV, and the 15CV, the numbers indicating the cars' fiscal horsepower which in turn defined the approximate engine size of each model. After the introduction of the new Traction Avant, the lineup was modified and at the 1934 Paris Salon the two smaller models became the 7UA and the 11UA, now with the overhead-valve engines from the Traction. Starting with the 1933 model year Citroen offered the 1,766 cc 11UD diesel engine option.

André Citroën
André-Gustave Citroën (French: [ɑ̃dʁe ɡystav sitʁɔɛn]; 5 February 1878 – 3 July 1935) was a French industrialist and the founder of French automaker Citroën. He is also remembered for his application of double helical gears.
K-Verband
The K-Verband (German Kleinkampfverbände der Kriegsmarine, "small battle units") was a World War II German naval unit that operated a mixture of midget submarines and explosive speed boats. It was formed in April 1944 and operated until 26 April 1945.

The miniature submarines were a mix of one and two-man craft. The Linsen explosive motorboats were operated in units of three with two boats carrying 660-800 lb of explosives and a third tasked with remotely controlling them during their final attack run.

Midget submarine
A midget submarine is any submarine under 150 tons, typically operated by a crew of one or two but sometimes up to six or nine, with little or no on-board living accommodation. They normally work with mother ships, from which they are launched and recovered and which provide living accommodation for the crew and support staff.

Both military and civilian midget submarines have been built. Military types work with surface ships and other submarines as mother ships. Civilian and non-combatant military types are generally called submersibles and normally work with surface ships. Most early submarines would now be considered midget submarines, such as the United States Navy's USS Holland (SS-1) and the British Royal Navy's HMS Holland 1 (both named for the same designer).
Galle Gladiators in 2020
The Galle Gladiators (abbreviated as GG) is a franchise cricket team which played in  the inaugural season of the Lanka Premier League. The team is based in Galle, Southern Province, Sri Lanka. The team remained under the captaincy of Pakistani cricketer, Shahid Afridi, for the first three matches. However, due to an emergency, the captain left the league for the remaining matches of the tournament, and Bhanuka Rajapaksa assumed the captaincy. The team was coached by Pakistani cricket coach Moin Khan. The team is owned by Pakistani organizer Nadeem Omar, who also owns the Pakistan Super League's Quetta Gladiators.

The team qualified for the semi-finals in the 2020 season after winning only two out of eight matches, due to having a higher run rate than its competitor, Kandy Tuskers. The team qualified for the final after trouncing Colombo Kings in the semi-finals. However, they lost in the final to the Jaffna Stallions.

Moin Khan
Muhammad Moin Khan (Urdu: محمد معین خان; born 23 September 1971) is a Pakistani cricket administrator, coach, and former cricketer, primarily a wicket-keeper-batsman, who remained a member of the Pakistani national cricket team from 1990 to 2004. He was a part of the Pakistani squad which won the 1992 Cricket World Cup. He has also captained the Pakistani team, and led the team to be the champions of the 2000 Asia Cup.

He made his international debut against the West Indies at Multan.He took over 100 catches in Test cricket, has scored over 3,000 ODI runs, and has taken over 200 catches in ODI cricket.

He is credited with coining the name of Saqlain Mushtaq's mystery delivery that goes from leg to off, as the doosra. It means the "other one" in Urdu.
17th Colonial Infantry Division (France)
17th Colonial Infantry Division was an infantry division of the French Army during the First World War. It was deployed overseas, seeing action during the Gallipoli campaign, and thereafter on the Salonika front, fighting alongside British troops in both theatres of war. It was sent to the Crimea in December 1918 as part of the Army of the Danube.

Macedonian front
The Macedonian front, also known as the Salonica front (after Thessaloniki), was a military theatre of World War I formed as a result of an attempt by the Allied Powers to aid Serbia, in the autumn of 1915, against the combined attack of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria. The expedition came too late and with insufficient force to prevent the fall of Serbia and was complicated by the internal political crisis in Greece (the National Schism). Eventually, a stable front was established, running from the Albanian Adriatic coast to the Struma River, pitting a multinational Allied force against the Bulgarian army, which was at various times bolstered with smaller units from the other Central Powers. The Macedonian front remained stable, despite local actions, until the Allied offensive in September 1918 resulted in Bulgaria capitulating and the liberation of Serbia.