hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
VS-17
The VS-17 is a signaling device used by military personnel to send signals to aircraft, and to mark improvised landing sites.

The VS-21 is a replacement for the VS-17 that provides an infrared signature, allowing use in low visibility conditions via thermal imaging.

Infrared signature
Infrared signature, as used by defense scientists and the military, is the appearance of objects to infrared sensors. An infrared signature depends on many factors, including the shape and size of the object, temperature, and emissivity, reflection of external sources (earthshine, sunshine, skyshine) from the object's surface, the background against which it is viewed and the waveband of the detecting sensor. As such there is no all-encompassing definition of infrared signature nor any trivial means of measuring it. For example, the infrared signature of a truck viewed against a field will vary significantly with changing weather, time of day and engine loading.

Two fairly successful examples of defining the infrared signature of an object are the apparent temperature difference at the sensor and the contrast radiant intensity (CRI) definitions.
B. H. "Johnny" Rogers
Bernard H. Rogers, known as B. H. "Johnny" Rogers (October 5, 1905 – April 23, 1977), was a Louisiana politician who served in the Louisiana House of Representatives and the Louisiana State Senate.

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Louisiana House of Representatives
The Louisiana House of Representatives (French: Chambre des Représentants de Louisiane; Spanish: Cámara de Representantes de Luisiana) is the lower house in the Louisiana State Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Louisiana. This chamber is composed of 105 representatives, each of whom represents approximately 42,500 people (2000 figures). Members serve four-year terms with a term limit of three terms (twelve years). The House is one of the five state legislative lower houses that has a four-year term, as opposed to the near-universal two-year term.

The House convenes at the State Capitol in Baton Rouge.
WTAQ
WTAQ (1360 AM) and WTAQ-FM (97.5 FM) are conservative news/talk-formatted radio stations, licensed to Green Bay, Wisconsin (AM) and Glenmore, Wisconsin (FM), that serve the Green Bay and Appleton-Oshkosh areas. The stations are owned by Midwest Communications.

WTAQ's studios and newsroom are located on Bellevue St. in the Green Bay suburb of Bellevue. The station's AM transmitter is located on Lost Dauphin Road, near the Fox River in De Pere. WTAQ-FM's transmitter is located at the former WFRV-TV analog transmitter site on Scray's Hill, also in De Pere. WTAQ transmits with a power of 10 kilowatts daytime, 5 kilowatts nighttime. WTAQ-FM’s effective radiated power is 3 kilowatts.

Oshkosh, Wisconsin
Oshkosh (/ˈɒʃkɒʃ/ ⓘ) is a city in Winnebago County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. It is located on the western shore of Lake Winnebago, adjacent to the much less populous Town of Oshkosh in the north. The population was 66,816 at the 2020 census, making it the ninth-most populous city in Wisconsin. The Oshkosh metropolitan statistical area, consisting solely of Winnebago County, had 171,730 residents. Oshkosh is included in the greater Fox Cities region of Wisconsin.
Westerheversand Lighthouse
The Westerheversand Lighthouse (German: Leuchtturm Westerheversand) is located in Westerhever, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Considered to be one of the best-known lighthouses in northern Germany, it was built in 1908. Its cast iron tower is 40 metres (130 ft) high. The lighthouse is often used for weddings, and one of the two keeper's cottages has been adapted for use by the local registrar.

The tower has been open to visitors since 2001.

In the film Otto: The Alien from East Frisia by comedian Otto Waalkes, Otto is shown living in the Pilsum Lighthouse. However, for some reason the picture used on cinema advertisements and later on the inlays of the video and DVD editions was of the Westerheversand Lighthouse, not the Pilsum Lighthouse.

General Register Office
General Register Office or General Registry Office (GRO) is the name given to the civil registry in the United Kingdom, many other Commonwealth nations and Ireland. The GRO is the government agency responsible for the recording of vital records such as births, deaths, and marriages (or BDM), which may also include adoptions, stillbirths, civil unions, etc., and historically, sometimes included records relating to deeds and other property transactions.

The director of a General Register Office is often titled Registrar General or Registrar-General.
Addition–elimination reaction
In chemistry, an addition-elimination reaction is a two-step reaction process of an addition reaction followed by an elimination reaction. This gives an overall effect of substitution, and is the mechanism of the common nucleophilic acyl substitution often seen with esters, amides, and related structures.

Another common type of addition–elimination is the reversible reaction of amines with carbonyls to form imines in the alkylimino-de-oxo-bisubstitution reaction, and the analogous reaction of interconversion imines with alternate amine reactants.

The hydrolysis of nitriles to carboxylic acids is also a form of addition-elimination.

Reaction step
In chemistry, a reaction step of a chemical reaction is defined as: "An elementary reaction, constituting one of the stages of a stepwise reaction in which a reaction intermediate (or, for the first step, the reactants) is converted into the next reaction intermediate (or, for the last step, the products) in the sequence of intermediates between reactants and products". To put it simply, it is an elementary reaction which goes from one reaction intermediate to another or to the final product.

The mechanism of a given reaction is the sequence of steps involved in the reaction. For different reactions, the sequences vary greatly in complexity. An elementary reaction consists of a single step. Other reactions can have mechanisms of several consecutive steps; the examples in the article on Reaction mechanism have as many as six. Also more complicated mechanisms exist such as chain reaction which include a repeating cycle of steps in a chain propagation.
Baeocystin
Baeocystin, also known as norpsilocybin or 4-phosphoryloxy-N-methyltryptamine (4-PO-NMT), is a zwitterionic alkaloid of the tryptamine family and an analogue of psilocybin (4-PO-DMT). It is found as a minor compound in most psilocybin mushrooms together with psilocybin, psilocin (4-HO-DMT), norbaeocystin (4-PO-T), and aeruginascin (4-PO-TMT). The compound is the N-demethylated derivative of psilocybin and the 4-phosphorylated derivative of norpsilocin (4-HO-NMT).

Demethylation
Demethylation is the chemical process resulting in the removal of a methyl group (CH3) from a molecule. A common way of demethylation is the replacement of a methyl group by a hydrogen atom, resulting in a net loss of one carbon and two hydrogen atoms.

The counterpart of demethylation is methylation.
Mukim Tamoi
Mukim Tamoi is a mukim in Brunei-Muara District, Brunei. It is part of Kampong Ayer, the traditional stilt settlements on the Brunei River in the country's capital Bandar Seri Begawan. The population was 1,389 in 2016.

Mukims of Brunei
A mukim is a second-level administrative division of Brunei Darussalam, and the primary sub-division of a larger district (daerah).  There are thirty-nine mukims within the four districts of the sultanate Brunei Darussalam.  A mukim is led by a penghulu, since 2015 elected by democratic vote.  A mukim encompasses a number of villages, known in Malay as kampung or kampong.  Mukims are administered by the district office of the district where they are located.
Nicky Boom
Nicky Boum, more commonly known as Nicky Boom, is a side-scrolling platform game developed and originally released for the Amiga, Atari ST and MS-DOS by Microïds in 1992. The game began a second life in 2008, with a remake for mobile phones, which was made available for Windows computers late in 2008. It was also ported to the Tapwave Zodiac handheld in 2006. It has been also ported to PlayStation 2 as a homebrew version. and is available for Mac OS X on the Mac App Store. In Nicky Boom, the player controls the titular boy trying to rescue his grandfather from a wicked witch. The game received mostly positive reviews and a sequel titled Nicky 2.

Microids
Microids (formerly Microïds) is a French video game developer and publisher based in Paris. Founded in 1985 by Elliot Grassiano, it attained early success with games published through Loriciel in France and other partners (including Activision and Broderbund) in international markets. Through expanding its staff and development teams, Microïds generated funds to expand from just development to publishing and distribution and opening international offices. The company merged with MC2 in 2003 to create MC2-Microïds, whereafter it acquired publishers Wanadoo Edition and Cryo Interactive. Grassiano left MC2-Microïds in 2005; under new management, MC2-Microïds was briefly renamed MC2 before returning to the old Microïds name. It was then acquired by Anuman Interactive in 2010, which itself was renamed Microïds (then simplified to Microids) in 2019.
Schomberg Observation Tower
Schomberg Observation Tower is a German observation tower that was constructed in 2005 and was finished in 2006. It is a steel truss tower that is used for observation, at the same time, used for mobile phone services. The tower is 60 meters high, including the antenna. It has an observation deck in 30 meters height.

Observation deck
An observation deck, observation platform, or viewing platform is an elevated sightseeing platform usually situated upon a tall architectural structure, such as a skyscraper or observation tower. Observation decks are sometimes enclosed from weather, and a few may include coin-operated telescopes for viewing distant features.
1852 United States presidential election in Indiana
A presidential election was held in Indiana on November 2, 1852, as part of the 1852 United States presidential election. The Democratic ticket of the former U.S. senator from New Hampshire Franklin Pierce and the senior U.S. senator from Alabama William R. King defeated the Whig ticket of the major general Winfield Scott and the U.S. secretary of the navy William A. Graham. The Free Soil ticket of the senior U.S. senator from New Hampshire John P. Hale and the former U.S. representative from Indiana's 4th congressional district George W. Julian finished a distant third. Pierce defeated Scott in the national election with 254 electoral votes.

William R. King
William Rufus DeVane King (April 7, 1786 – April 18, 1853) was an American politician and diplomat. He was the 13th vice president of the United States from March 4 until his death in April 1853. King had previously served as a U.S. representative from North Carolina and a senator from Alabama. He also served as minister to France under President James K. Polk.

A Democrat, King was a Unionist and his contemporaries considered him to be a moderate on the issues of sectionalism, slavery, and westward expansion, which contributed to the American Civil War. He helped draft the Compromise of 1850. King is the only United States vice president to take the oath of office on foreign soil, and was inaugurated in Cuba, due to his poor health. He died of tuberculosis 45 days later, becoming the third vice president to die in office. Only John Tyler and Andrew Johnson, both of whom succeeded to the presidency, have had shorter tenures. King was the only U.S. vice president from Alabama.
Russian wedding traditions
Russian weddings held great importance in their culture and tradition, evolving differently according the region, but maintaining common points. They can last between two days and one week usually involving activities like dancing, singing, toasting, and banqueting. The best man and bridesmaid are called "Witnesses" or "Свидетели" (svideteli) in Russian. The ceremony and the ring exchange take place on the first day of the wedding. Russian weddings ceremonies have undertaken a certain amount of Western traditions, including incorporating maids of honour into the wedding party.

Banquet
A banquet (/ˈbæŋkwɪt/; French: [bɑ̃kɛ]) is a formal large meal where a number of people consume food together. Banquets are traditionally held to enhance the prestige of a host, or reinforce social bonds among joint contributors. Modern examples of these purposes include a charitable gathering, a ceremony, or a celebration. They often involve speeches in honor of the topic or guest of honour.

The older English term for a lavish meal was feast, and "banquet" originally meant a specific and different kind of meal, often following a feast, but in a different room or even building, which concentrated on sweet foods of various kinds.  These became highly fashionable as sugar became much more common in Europe at the start of the 16th century.  It was a grand form of the dessert course, and special banqueting houses, often on the roof or in the grounds of large houses, were built for them.  Such meals are also called a "sugar collation".
Truban
Truban is a Slovak surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Michal Truban (born 1983), Slovak businessman and politician

Milan Truban (1904–1929), Yugoslav cyclist

William Truban (1924–2007), American politician

Slovak name
Slovak names consist of a given name and surname. Slovakia uses the Western name order with the given name being listed before surname. However, there is a historical tradition to reverse this order, especially in official contexts including administrative papers and legal documents, as well as on gravestones and memorials.

Most Slovaks do not have a middle name. The family name forms for males and females are distinct in Slovakia, making it possible to identify gender from the name alone. As of 2003 there were 185,288 different family names in use among 5.4 million Slovaks, or one family name for every 29 citizens. There is an estimated 90,000 lineages in Slovakia. With marriage, the bride typically adopts the bridegroom's surname. Slovak names are very similar to Czech names.
Aino Kapewangolo
Aino Kapewangolo (born July 23, 1949, in Engela, Ohangwena Region) is a Namibian pastor and politician. Kapewangolo is a SWAPO Party member and pastor of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia (ELCIN). She served as a member of Parliament in the National Assembly from 2015-2020. She also served as a Deputy Minister of Poverty Eradication and Social Welfare.

Engela
Engela is an Ovambo settlement in the Ohangwena Region in northern Namibia. Formerly situated in the Oukwanyama area it is since 2004 part of the town Helao Nafidi, although it still maintained its own village council until the 2015 local authority election. It is one of the more important establishments of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia (ELCIN) in the area. It started as a mission station of the Finnish Missionary Society. Today, it is the centre of the Engela Constituency.
Siemensstadt-Fürstenbrunn station
Siemensstadt-Fürstenbrunn station was a suburban station on the Berlin–Hamburg railway in Westend, a locality of the Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf borough in Berlin. It was primarily built for workers at its nearby Siemens Works in the neighbouring quarter of Siemensstadt.

Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf
Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf (German: [ʃaʁˌlɔtn̩bʊʁk ˈvɪlmɐsdɔʁf] ⓘ) is the fourth borough of Berlin, formed in an administrative reform with effect from 1 January 2001, by merging the former boroughs of Charlottenburg and Wilmersdorf.
Fort Worth Zoo
The Fort Worth Zoo is a zoo in Fort Worth, Texas, United States, and is home to 7,000 native and exotic animals. It has been named as a top zoo in the nation by Family Life magazine, the Los Angeles Times and USA Today, as well as one of the top zoos in the South by Southern Living Reader's Choice Awards.

The Fort Worth Zoo is accredited by both the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) and Zoological Association of America (ZAA), and is a member of the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA).

World Association of Zoos and Aquariums
The World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA) is the "umbrella" organization for the world zoo and aquarium community. Its mission is to provide leadership and support for zoos, aquariums, and partner organizations of the world in animal care and welfare, conservation of biodiversity, environmental education and global sustainability.
Daliang Mountains
The Daliang Mountains (Chinese: 大涼山; pinyin: Dàliángshān; lit. 'Great Cool Mountains') are in the southern part of the province of Sichuan in China.  The Daliang rises above the left bank of the Jinsha (Upper Yangtze) River, opposite the Wulian Feng in Yunnan Province.  This part of the Jinsha River is the last portion to flow through mountainous terrain before entering the Sichuan Basin where the river becomes known as the Yangtze at Yibin.  The Daliang are located within eastern Liangshan Prefecture, southern Leshan Prefecture, and western Yibin Prefecture.

The highest peak of the range is Shizi Mountain (狮子山) at 4,076 m (13,373 ft).

The Chengdu–Kunming Railway passes to the west of Daliang Range, below the Xiaoxiang Range.

Provinces of China
Provinces (Chinese: 省; pinyin: Shěng) are the most numerous type of province-level divisions, the first-level subdivisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC). There are currently 22 provinces administered by the PRC, and one further province that is claimed but not administered, which is Taiwan.

The local governments of Chinese provinces consist of a Provincial People's Government headed by a governor that acts as the executive, a Provincial People's Congress with legislative powers, and a parallel provincial branch of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) that elects a party secretary and a provincial standing committee.
Baraka Djoma SSG
Baraka Djoma SSG is a football club from Conakry, Guinea. They play in the Guinean Second Division, which is the second league in Guinean football.

In 2009 the team has won the Guinée Coupe Nationale.

Conakry
Conakry (/ˈkɒnəkri/ KON-ə-kree, French: [kɔnakʁi]; Susu: Kɔnakiri; N'Ko: ߞߐߣߊߞߙߌ߫, romanized: Kɔnakrí; Fula: 𞤑𞤮𞤲𞤢𞥄𞤳𞤭𞤪𞤭, romanized: Konaakiri) is the capital and largest city of Guinea. A port city, it serves as the economic, financial and cultural centre of Guinea. Its population as of the 2026 Guinea census was 3,407,327.

The population of Conakry is difficult to ascertain. The U.S. Department of State's Bureau of African Affairs has estimated it at 2 million, or one-sixth of the country's population.
Hippocampal subfields
The hippocampal subfields are four subfields CA1, CA2, CA3, and CA4 that make up the structure of the hippocampus. Regions described in the hippocampus are the head, body, and tail, and other hippocampal subfields include the dentate gyrus, the presubiculum, and the subiculum. The CA subfields  use the initials of cornu ammonis, an earlier name of the hippocampus.

Brodmann area 27
Brodmann area 27 is a cytoarchitecturally defined cortical area that is a rostral part of the parahippocampal gyrus. It is commonly regarded as a synonym of presubiculum.

The dorsal part of the presubiculum is more commonly known as the postsubiculum, and is of interest because it contains head direction cells, which are responsive to the facing direction of the head.
American Cavy Breeders Association
The American Cavy Breeders Association (ACBA) is a national specialty club under the American Rabbit Breeders Association (ARBA).  Like many other specialty clubs under ARBA, the ACBA maintains a membership, awards sweepstakes points, provides special awards, publishes a newsletter and contributes to developing new standards.  The ACBA has wider responsibilities than other specialty clubs under ARBA because it is the only national specialty club for cavies (also called Guinea Pigs) and supports all currently recognized breeds, whereas most of the other ARBA national specialty clubs are devoted to a single rabbit breed. The exceptions (such as the National Angora Rabbit Breeders Association) are a handful of very similar breeds with combined clubs.

The official acceptance of breeds and varieties, the requirement for permanent earmarking and other show requirements are all regulated by ARBA.

American Rabbit Breeders Association
The American Rabbit Breeders Association (ARBA) is a national club for domestic rabbits and cavy breeders. The ARBA is headquartered in Knox, Pennsylvania, in the United States. Its membership is composed of rabbit and cavy exhibitors, commercial breeders and pet owners in North America and many countries throughout the world.

The ARBA serves to promote the domestic rabbit and cavy fancy, as well as commercial rabbit production. The American Rabbit Breeders Association sets official breed standards for recognized rabbit breeds and cavy breeds. Every five years the ARBA publishes The Standard of Perfection. This book includes descriptions of a perfect example for each breed of rabbit or cavy, details all general disqualifications, includes a glossary of rabbit terms and describes the process of a breed or variety becoming recognized by the ARBA. The ARBA currently recognizes 53 breeds of rabbit and 13 cavy breeds.
Kees Verkade
Korstiaan "Kees" Verkade (12 October 1941 – 29 December 2020) was a Dutch artist and sculptor. He specialized in modeling the human form, with an emphasis on movement and emotion. Most of his sculptures are set in bronze. They depict a variety of people, including children, clowns, athletes, dancers, mothers, and lovers. Verkade also created gouaches and silkscreens to accompany his sculptures.

Gouache
Gouache (/ɡuˈɑːʃ, ɡwɑːʃ/; French: [ɡwaʃ]), body color, or opaque watercolor is a water-medium paint consisting of natural pigment, water, a binding agent (usually gum arabic or dextrin), and sometimes additional inert material. Gouache is designed to be opaque. Gouache has a long history, having been used for at least twelve centuries. It is used most consistently by commercial artists for posters, illustrations, comics, and other design work.

Gouache is similar to watercolor in that it can be rewetted and dried to a matte finish, and the paint can become infused into its paper support. It is similar to acrylic or oil paints in that it is normally used in an opaque painting style and it can form a superficial layer. Many manufacturers of watercolor paints also produce gouache, and the two can easily be used together.
Red Star Foundation
Red Star Foundation (established in 2024) is an American nonprofit organization that focuses on suicide awareness, prevention, and bereavement support for families of military service members, veterans, and first responders who have died by suicide. The organization introduced the “Red Star” as a symbol to recognize families affected by suicide and partners with local and state governments and veteran organizations on awareness and recognition initiatives.

Suicide awareness
Suicide awareness is a proactive effort to raise awareness around suicidal behaviors. It is focused on reducing social stigmas and ambiguity by bringing attention to suicide statistically and sociologically, and by encouraging positive dialogue and engagement to prevent suicide. Suicide awareness is linked to suicide prevention as both address suicide education and the dissemination of information to ultimately decrease the rate of suicide. Awareness is the first stage that can ease the need for prevention. Awareness signifies a fundamental consciousness of the threat, while prevention focuses on stopping the act. Suicide awareness is not a medical engagement but a combination of medical, social, emotional and financial counseling. Suicide awareness in adolescents focuses on the age group between 10–24 years, beginning with the onset of puberty.