hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Draken-class submarine (1960)
The Draken class was a submarine class built for the Swedish Navy from 1960 to 1962. A total of six submarines were delivered. Four of the boats were modernised in 1981–1982. The design was a modified version of the Hajen class with only one shaft with a larger 5-bladed propeller for improved underwater performance and reduced noise. Draken, Vargen, Nordkaparen and Springaren were ordered from Kockums.  Gripen and Delfinen were from Karlskrona. These boats were decommissioned 1988–1990 and were succeeded by the Sjöormen and Näcken-class submarines.

One submarine, HSwMS Nordkaparen, was preserved and can be seen at the Maritiman in Gothenburg.

Swedish Navy
The Swedish Navy (Swedish: Svenska marinen) is the maritime service branch of the Swedish Armed Forces. It is composed of surface and submarine naval units – the Fleet (Flottan), formally sometimes referred to as the Royal Navy (Kungliga Flottan) – as well as marine units, the Amphibious Corps (Amfibiekåren).

Founded under King Gustav Vasa in 1522, the Swedish navy is one of the oldest continuously serving navies in the world, celebrating its 500th anniversary in 2022.
Elwomple, South Australia
Elwomple is a locality in The Coorong District Council in the South Australian Murray Mallee, southeast of Tailem Bend. The northwest corner is the junction of the Mallee Highway which forms the northern boundary of Elwomple, and the Dukes Highway which forms the southwestern boundary. The Bend Motorsport Park was developed in Elwomple adjacent to this junction. In September 2017, before the facility opened, the boundary between Tailem Bend and Elwomple was adjusted so that The Bend Motorsport Park was officially in Tailem Bend, not Elwomple.

The Elwomple railway station was on the Pinnaroo railway line which runs along the north side of the Mallee Highway. The Adelaide–Wolseley railway line is adjacent to the south side of the Dukes Highway. The siding opened for goods and passengers in December 1914, administered by the stationmaster at Sherlock.

Murray Mallee
The Murray Mallee is a grain-growing and sheep-farming area in the east of the Australian state of South Australia. The name is not formally designated but is widely used to refer to an area of approximately 20,000 square kilometres (7700 square miles) bounded by the River Murray on its northern and western sides, the Victorian border on its eastern side, and up to about 50 kilometres (30 miles) south of the Mallee Highway.

The formal designated name for approximately the same region is Murraylands.
Joonas Riekkinen
Joonas Riekkinen (born August 11, 1987) is a Finnish professional ice hockey player who currently plays for the Herlev Eagles of the Metal Ligaen in Denmark.

Riekkinen signed a two-year contract with Ilves on April 24, 2014. He had previously spent the entirety of his playing career as a youth and professional within KalPa of the Liiga.

Herlev Eagles
The Herlev Eagles are a Danish ice hockey team based in Herlev, part of the Urban area of Copenhagen, that plays in the Metal Ligaen the top tier of the sport in Denmark. The team is based in Herlev and play their home games at the Herlev Skøjtehal, known as PM Montage Arena for sponsorship reasons.
Alex Sampao
Alex Sampao (born 31 December 1996) is a Kenyan sprinter.

He won gold at the 2015 African Games as part of the 4x400 metre relay team.

He competed in the men's 400 metres at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

He competed in the man's 800 metres at the 2017 Gavardo Memorial Max Corso (ITA)

Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres
The men's 400 metres event at the 2016 Summer Olympics took place between 12 and 14 August at the Olympic Stadium. Fifty-three athletes from 35 nations competed. The event was won by 0.73 seconds by Wayde van Niekerk of South Africa, who broke the world record and won the nation's second gold medal in the men's 400 metres (after Bevil Rudd in 1920). Kirani James of Grenada and LaShawn Merritt of the United States became the sixth and seventh men to win two medals in the event, but Michael Johnson remained the only man with two gold medals.
Bisoxazoline ligand
Bis(oxazoline) ligands (often abbreviated BOX ligands) are a family of organic compounds consisting of a linked pair of oxazoline rings.  Chiral versions of the 2,2'-bisoxazolines have been of particular interest as ligands in homogeneous catalysis.  They are sometimes called privileged chiral ligands.

Methylene bridge
In chemistry, a methylene bridge is part of a molecule with formula −CH2−. The carbon atom is connected by single bonds to two other distinct atoms in the rest of the molecule.  A methylene bridge is often called a methylene group or simply methylene, as in "methylene chloride" (dichloromethane CH2Cl2). As a bridge in other compounds, for example in cyclic compounds, it is given the name methano. However, the term methylidene group (not to be confused with the term methylene group, nor the carbene methylidene) properly applies to the CH2 group when it is connected to the rest of the molecule by a double bond (=CH2), giving it chemical properties very distinct from those of a bridging CH2 group.
The Why Why Family
The Why Why Family (French: Les Kikekoi, also known as Saban's The Why Why Family) is an animated children's television series, which originally aired from late 1996 to 1997. It was produced by Saban International Paris and Saban Entertainment. The show was broadcast internationally on Fox Kids (starting with Fox Kids Netherlands and Fox Kids UK feeds later expanded airs on other feeds), while in the United States it was syndicated as part of the company's "The Saban Network for Kids!" strand. Character designs and comedy elements emulate vintage cartoons.

SIP Animation
SIP Animation (known as Saban International Paris until 2002) was a French animation studio, and a defunct subsidiary of BVS Entertainment (formerly Saban Entertainment). By 2009, the company had produced over 390 hours of animated content.
Sai (surname)
Sai is a patronymic surname of Ga origin. The bearers of the name typically hail from Osu, Accra in Ghana. Notable people with the surname include:

Florence Oboshie Sai-Cofie (born 1953), Ghanaian media executive and politician

Fred T. Sai  (1924 – 2019), Ghanaian physician and family planning advocate

Emmanuel Ashaley Sai (1933 – 2011), Head of Civil Service, Chairman of Public Services Commission and Cabinet Secretary, Republic of Ghana

Obodai Sai (born 1984), Ghanaian boxer

Osu, Accra
Osu is a neighbourhood in central Accra, Ghana, West Africa. It is located about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) east of the central business district, and is locally known as the "West End" of Accra. Bounded to the south by the Gulf of Guinea, Osu's western boundary is the Independence Avenue. Osu is separated from the northern district of Labone by Ring Road. Due to its establishment as a settlement in the 17th century, Osu has a mix of houses dating from the early 20th century and modern office towers.
Draxinger
Draxinger is a male German surname meaning "Pioneer", "Sacrificer", or "Respectability". Notable people with the surname include:

Kevin Draxinger (born 1967), Canadian swimmer

Tobias Draxinger (born 1985), German ice hockey player

Tobias Draxinger
Tobias Draxinger (born January 3, 1985) is a German professional ice hockey defenceman. He is currently playing for EV Landshut of the DEL2. He previously played for Augsburger Panther in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL).
Iryna Brémond
Iryna Brémond (née Kuryanovich) (Belarusian: Ірына Брэмон (Кур'яновіч); Russian: Ирина Бремон (Курьянович); born 5 October 1984) is a French former tennis player.

Her highest WTA ranking in singles is 93, which she reached on 20 February 2012. Her career-high in doubles is 162, achieved on 25 June 2007. Brémond won 15 singles titles and 11 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit in her career.

In 2011, she married her coach, Gérald Brémond, consequently choosing to play for France instead of Belarus, her birth nation.

WTA rankings
The WTA rankings are the ratings defined by the Women's Tennis Association, introduced in November 1975. The computer that calculates the ranking is nicknamed "Medusa".

Aryna Sabalenka is the current world No. 1 in women's singles.
Babiana hirsuta
Babiana hirsuta is a species of geophyte of 40–70 cm (16–28 in) high that is assigned to the family Iridaceae. It has many scarlet mirror-symmetrical flowers in a branched inflorescence with several short ascending branches. The flower has a narrow tube, and three large, blackish or dark purple anthers that extend beyond the dorsal tepal. The leaves are velvety hairy, lance-shaped, laterally compressed and set in a fan. It is an endemic species of South Africa that can be found along the west coast of the Northern and Western Cape provinces as far south as Saldanha. It is called red babiana in English, but that name is also applied to Babiana villosa, and strandlelie, sandlelie and rooihanekam in Afrikaans. Until 2008, the strandlelie was known as Babiana thunbergii.

Storage organ
A storage organ is a part of a plant specifically modified for storage of energy 
(generally in the form of carbohydrates) or water. Storage organs often grow underground, where they are better protected from attack by herbivores. Plants that have an underground storage organ are called geophytes in the Raunkiær plant life-form classification system. Storage organs often, but not always, act as perennating organs which enable plants to survive adverse conditions (such as cold, excessive heat, lack of light or drought).
2015 MLS All-Star Game
The 2015 Major League Soccer All-Star Game, the 20th annual Major League Soccer All-Star Game, took place on July 29, 2015 (9 p.m. EDT, 7 p.m. local time) at Dick's Sporting Goods Park in the Denver suburb of Commerce City, Colorado, the home of the Colorado Rapids. The game was televised live on Fox Sports 1 and UniMás in the United States, and TSN and RDS in Canada.

Kaká was named MVP. Also, 2015 MLS Homegrown Game was played one day before this event.

Don Garber
Donald P. Garber (born October 9, 1957) is an American sports executive who has been the commissioner of Major League Soccer (MLS) since 1999. Garber is also the CEO of Soccer United Marketing and a member of the United States Soccer Federation board of directors.

Garber has spent his entire career in the sports industry, working in a variety of capacities in marketing, events, television, and league administration prior to becoming MLS commissioner. Before joining MLS, Garber was with the National Football League (NFL) for 16 years.

During his tenure, MLS has expanded from 10 to 30 teams. MLS ranks second among global soccer leagues in total game attendance.
Constitution of Turkmenistan
The Constitution of Turkmenistan (Turkmen: Türkmenistanyň Konstitusiýasy) adopted on 18 May 1992 is the supreme law of Turkmenistan (Article 5). In its preamble, the Constitution emphasizes self-determination for the Turkmen people, as well as the rule of law and rights for citizens. (See also Human rights in Turkmenistan).

The 1992 constitution was amended in 1995, 1999, 2003 and 2006. It was amended on 26 September 2008, abolishing the 2,500-member People's Council (Halk Maslahaty) and expanding the elected Assembly (Mejlis) from 65 to 125 members. A new constitution was adopted on 14 September, 2016. State Flag and Constitution Day is celebrated on 18 May.

Preamble
A preamble (from Latin  preambulum 'preliminary, preface') is an introductory and expressionary statement in a document that explains the document's purpose and underlying philosophy.  When applied to the opening paragraphs of a statute, it may recite historical facts pertinent to the subject of the statute.  It is distinct from the long title or enacting formula of a law.

In the American context of parliamentary procedure, according to Robert's Rules of Order, a preamble consists of "Whereas" clauses that are placed before the resolving clauses in a resolution (formal written motion). However, preambles are not required to be placed in resolutions. According to Robert's Rules of Order, including such background information may not be helpful in passing the resolution.
Acamapichtli
Acamapichtli  (Classical Nahuatl: Ācamāpichtli [aːkamaːˈpit͡ʃt͡ɬi], meaning "Handful of reeds") was the first Tlatoani, or king, of the Aztecs (or Mexica) of Tenochtitlan, and founder of the Aztec imperial dynasty. Chronicles differ as to the dates of his reign: according to the Codex Chimalpahin, he reigned from 1367 to 1387; according to the Codex Aubin, he reigned from 1376 to 1395; and according to the Codex Chimalpopoca, he reigned from 1350 to 1403.

Classical Nahuatl
Classical Nahuatl, also known simply as Aztec or Codical Nahuatl (if it refers to the variants employed in the Mesoamerican Codices through the medium of Aztec Hieroglyphs) and Colonial Nahuatl (if written in Post-conquest documents in the Latin alphabet), is a set of variants of Nahuatl spoken in the Valley of Mexico and central Mexico as a lingua franca at the time of the 16th-century Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire. During the subsequent centuries, it was largely displaced by Spanish and evolved into some of the modern Nahuan languages in use (other modern dialects descend more directly from other 16th-century variants). Although classified as an extinct language, Classical Nahuatl has survived through a multitude of written sources transcribed by Nahua peoples and Spaniards in the Latin script.
Betty Plant
Betty Alice Plant QSM (11 January 1920 – 15 November 2002) was a New Zealand netball player. She played as centre and was captain of the New Zealand team in the third Test against the touring Australian team in 1948. She was later active in netball administration and Guiding, and was closely involved in saving Old St Paul's, Wellington, from demolition in the 1960s. In 1979, she became verger of St Paul's Cathedral, Wellington, the first woman to be appointed to the role.

Australia national netball team
The Australia national netball team, also known as the Australian Diamonds, represent Netball Australia in international netball tournaments such as the Netball World Cup, the Commonwealth Games, the Constellation Cup, the Netball Quad Series and the Fast5 Netball World Series. They have also represented Australia at the World Games. Australia made their Test debut in 1938. As of 2023, Australia have been World champions on 12 occasions and Commonwealth champions on 4 occasions. They are regularly ranked number one in the World Netball Rankings.
Butylamphetamine
Butylamphetamine (code name PAL-90; also known as N-butylamphetamine or NBA) is a psychostimulant of the substituted amphetamine family which was never marketed.

It is the N-butyl analogue of amphetamine and is approximately 6-fold less potent than amphetamine in rats. The drug has been found to be inactive as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor or releasing agent (IC50Tooltip half-maximal inhibitory concentration and EC50Tooltip half-maximal effective concentration > 10,000 nM, respectively). With regard to structure–activity relationships, the potency of N-substituted amphetamine derivatives decreases with increasing chain length in terms of both in vitro and in vivo activity.

The pharmacokinetics of butylamphetamine have been studied in humans. It can be metabolized by CYP2D6 via ring hydroxylation similarly to amphetamine. In addition, butylamphetamine can be N-dealkylated into amphetamine (6–9% excreted in urine after 24 hours).

Ring (chemistry)
In chemistry, a ring is an ambiguous term referring either to a simple cycle of atoms and bonds in a molecule or to a connected set of atoms and bonds in which every atom and bond is a member of a cycle (also called a ring system). A ring system that is a simple cycle is called a monocycle or simple ring, and one that is not a simple cycle is called a polycycle or polycyclic ring system. A simple ring contains the same number of sigma bonds as atoms, and a polycyclic ring system contains more sigma bonds than atoms.

A molecule containing one or more rings is called a cyclic compound, and a molecule containing two or more rings (either in the same or different ring systems) is termed a polycyclic compound. A molecule containing no rings is called an acyclic or open-chain compound.
Girl
A girl is a young female human, usually a child or an adolescent.  While the term girl has other meanings, including young woman, daughter or girlfriend regardless of age, the first meaning is the most common one.

The treatment and status of girls in any society is usually closely related to the status of women in that culture.  In cultures where women have or had a low social position, girls may be unwanted by their parents, and society may invest less in girls.  The difference in girls' and boys' upbringing ranges from slight to completely different.  Mixing of the sexes may vary by age, and from totally mixed to total sex segregation.

Plan International
Plan International is a development and humanitarian organisation based in the United Kingdom that works in over 80 countries across Africa, the Americas, and Asia, focusing on children’s rights. In 2025, Plan International reached 49.2 million children, including 26.1 million girls, through its programming, and responded to 73 emergencies.

Plan International also provides training in disaster preparedness and recovery and has worked on relief efforts in countries including Haiti, Colombia and Japan.
Iwao Ōtani
Iwao Ōtani (Japanese: 大谷 巌, Hepburn: Ōtani Iwao; 1919 – August 3, 2017) was a Japanese recording engineer who worked with influential film directors Akira Kurosawa and Kenji Mizoguchi.

Ōtani worked on Kurosawa's 1950 film Rashomon in Kyoto. Due to setbacks and some lost audio, the crew took the urgent step of bringing actor Toshiro Mifune back to the studio after filming to record another line, which Ōtani added to the film along with the music, using a different microphone.

He won the Mainichi Film Award for Best Sound Recording for the 1953 film Ugetsu. In 2000, he worked on the sound for Kon Ichikawa's film Dora-heita.

Ōtani died of cerebral infarction on August 3, 2017.

Cerebral infarction
Cerebral infarction, also known as an ischemic stroke, is the pathologic process that results in an area of necrotic tissue in the brain (cerebral infarct). Strokes are the leading cause of physical disability among adults, and the second leading cause of death worldwide. They are caused by disrupted blood supply (ischemia) and restricted oxygen supply (hypoxia). This is most commonly due to a thrombotic occlusion, or an embolic occlusion of major vessels which leads to a cerebral infarct. In response to ischemia, the brain degenerates by the process of liquefactive necrosis.
Diehl Defence
Diehl Defence GmbH & Co. KG is a German weapon manufacturer headquartered in Überlingen. It operates as a division of Diehl Stiftung and specializes in the production of missiles and ammunition.

Diehl BGT Defence was established in 2004 through the merger of Bodenseewerke Gerätetechnik GmbH and Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH & Co. KG. In February 2017, Diehl BGT Defence and Diehl Defence Holding were integrated into Diehl Defence.

In 1960, Bodenseewerke Gerätetechnik became the lead contractor for producing the American Sidewinder AIM-9B air-to-air missile in Europe.

Building on the knowledge gained from the Sidewinder's infrared homing technology, Diehl Defence developed the seeker system for the IRIS-T short-range air-to-air missile. Introduced in 2005, the IRIS-T has been adopted by 13 countries as of October 2022.

Überlingen
Überlingen (German pronunciation: [ˈyːbɐˌlɪŋən] ⓘ; Low Alemannic: Iberlinge) is a German city on the northern shore of Lake Constance (Bodensee) in Baden-Württemberg near the border with Switzerland. After the city of Friedrichshafen, it is the second-largest city in the Bodenseekreis (district), and a central point for the outlying communities. Since 1 January 1993, Überlingen has been categorized as a large district city (Große Kreisstadt).
1992 French Maastricht Treaty referendum
A referendum on the Maastricht Treaty for the founding of the European Union was held in France on 20 September 1992. It was approved by 51% of the voters. The result of the referendum, known as the "petit oui", along with the Danish "No" vote (50,7%) are considered to be signals of a transition of public opinion on European integration, away from the "permissive consensus" which had existed in most member states until then. From this point forward issues relating to European integration were subject to more intensive discussions across much of Europe, and later overt euroscepticism gained prominence. Only France, Ireland and Denmark held referendums on the Maastricht Treaty ratification.

Currency union
A currency union (also known as monetary union) is an intergovernmental agreement that involves two or more states sharing the same currency. These states may not necessarily have any further integration (such as an economic and monetary union, which would have, in addition, a customs union and a single market).

There are three types of currency unions:

Informal – unilateral adoption of a foreign currency.

Formal – adoption of foreign currency by virtue of bilateral or multilateral agreement with the monetary authority, sometimes supplemented by issue of local currency in currency peg regime.

Formal with common policy – establishment by multiple countries of a common monetary policy and monetary authority for their common currency.

The theory of the optimal currency area addresses the question of how to determine what geographical regions should share a currency in order to maximize economic efficiency.
HD 57821
HD 57821 is a single star in the southern constellation of Canis Major. It has a blue-white hue and is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.94. Based on parallax measurements, the distance to this object is approximately 480 light years. It is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +33 km/s, having come to within 71 light-years some 4.3 million years ago.

The stellar classification of this star is B5 II/III, which matches the spectrum of a giant/bright giant although stellar models suggest it may still be on the main sequence. It has over four times the mass of the Sun and is 291 million years old. The star has a high rate of spin, showing a projected rotational velocity of 116 km/s. It is radiating around 489 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 12,445 K.

Stellar rotation
Stellar rotation is the angular motion of a star about its axis. The rate of rotation can be measured from the spectrum of the star, or by timing the movements of active features on the surface.

The rotation of a star produces an equatorial bulge due to centrifugal force. As stars are not solid bodies, they can also undergo differential rotation. Thus the equator of the star can rotate at a different angular velocity than the higher latitudes. These differences in the rate of rotation within a star may have a significant role in the generation of a stellar magnetic field.

In its turn, the magnetic field of a star interacts with the stellar wind. As the wind moves away from the star its angular speed decreases. The magnetic field of the star interacts with the wind, which applies a drag to the stellar rotation. As a result, angular momentum is transferred from the star to the wind, and over time this gradually slows the star's rate of rotation.