hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bettye Anne Case
Bettye Anne Busbee Case is Olga Larson Professor Emerita of Mathematics at Florida State University. Her mathematical research concerns complex variables; she has also published on mathematics education and the history of mathematics.
She is the editor of the books A Century of Mathematical Meetings (American Mathematical Society, 1996) and Complexities: Women in Mathematics (with Anne M. Leggett, Princeton University Press, 2005).

Mathematics education
In contemporary education, mathematics education (known in Europe as the didactics or pedagogy of mathematics) is the practice of teaching, learning, and carrying out scholarly research into the transfer of mathematical knowledge.

Although research into mathematics education is primarily concerned with the tools, methods, and approaches that facilitate practice or the study of practice, it also covers an extensive field of study encompassing a variety of different concepts, theories and methods. National and international organisations regularly hold conferences and publish literature in order to improve mathematics education.
Spirit of the American Range
Spirit of the American Range is a classical music album by the Oregon Symphony under the artistic direction of Carlos Kalmar, released by the Dutch record label Pentatone on February 10, 2015. The album was recorded at the Arlene Schnitzer Concert Hall in Portland, Oregon in April 2013 and January 2014. It contains works by three American 20th-century composers: Walter Piston's ballet suite from The Incredible Flutist, George Antheil's "A Jazz Symphony", and Aaron Copland's Symphony No. 3. The recording was the third by the orchestra under Kalmar's leadership, following the highly successful Music for a Time of War (2011) and This England (2012). Spirit of the American Range received a Grammy Award nomination for Best Orchestral Performance, and its producer, Blanton Alspaugh, was nominated for Producer of the Year, Classical.

Artistic director
An artistic director is the executive of an arts organization, particularly in a theatre company or dance company, who handles the organization's artistic direction. They are generally a producer and director, but not in the sense of a mogul, since the organization is generally a non-profit organization. The artistic director of a theatre company is the individual with the overarching artistic control of the theatre's production choices, directorial choices, and overall artistic vision.  In smaller theatres, the artistic director may be the founder of the theatre and the primary director of its plays.  In larger non-profit theatres (often known in Canada and the United States as regional theatres), the artistic director may be appointed by the board of directors.
Flashback! Rock Classics of the '70s
Flashback! Rock Classics of the '70s is a charity album. This compilation is filled with the names of artists who rarely agree to allow their songs to appear on compilations. Released through Realm Records, it benefits the T.J. Martell Foundation, which contributes money to cancer and AIDS research. These tracks come from five of the six major labels of the day, BMG being the exception.

Cancer research
Cancer research is research into cancer to identify causes and develop strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and cure.

Cancer research ranges from epidemiology, molecular bioscience to the performance of clinical trials to evaluate and compare applications of the various cancer treatments. These applications include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, immunotherapy and combined treatment modalities such as chemo-radiotherapy. Starting in the mid-1990s, the emphasis in clinical cancer research shifted towards therapies derived from biotechnology research, such as cancer immunotherapy and gene therapy.

Cancer research is done in academia, research institutes, and corporate environments, and is largely government funded.
Cuban dry forests
The Cuban dry forests are a tropical dry forest ecoregion that occupies 65,800 km2 (25,400 sq mi) on Cuba and Isla de la Juventud.  The ecoregion receives 1,000–2,000 mm (39–79 in) of rainfall annually.  Cuban dry forests can be differentiated into evergreen forests, semi-deciduous forests, mogotes, and sclerophyllous low forests.

Bursera simaruba
Bursera simaruba, commonly known as gumbo-limbo, the tourist tree, copperwood, almácigo, chaca, West Indian birch, naked Indian, and turpentine tree, is a tree species in the family Burseraceae, native to the Neotropics, from South Florida to Mexico and the Caribbean to Brazil, Nicaragua, and Venezuela. Bursera simaruba is prevalent in the Petenes mangroves ecoregion of the Yucatán, where it is a subdominant plant species to the mangroves. In the United States, specimens may be found in the Gulf of Mexico along the western coast of Florida.
Maps & Atlases
Maps & Atlases is an American indie rock group from Chicago, Illinois, United States, influenced by alternative rock, folk and experimental music. They have been labeled as a math rock band.

The band has released three official EPs and three full-length LPs and toured on the festival circuit in the United States, including SXSW and CMJ, as well as national tours with RX Bandits, These Arms Are Snakes, mewithoutYou, Foals, So Many Dynamos, Ra Ra Riot, Minus the Bear, Princeton, The Fall of Troy, Nurses, Pattern Is Movement, Good Old War, Portugal. The Man, Tera Melos, and more.

After a recording hiatus following their 2012 release, Beware and Be Grateful, the group announced a new record, Lightlessness Is Nothing New, and an accompanying North American tour.

So Many Dynamos
So Many Dynamos was a rock band from St. Louis, Missouri. Their music was generally classified as indie rock, combining aspects of electropop, math rock,  and dance-punk. They took their name from a famous palindrome.
Tristan Rogers
Tristan Rogers (3 June 1946 – 15 August 2025) was an Australian actor. He was best known for playing Robert Scorpio on the ABC soap opera General Hospital and for voicing Jake in Walt Disney Pictures' The Rescuers Down Under.

Reebok
Reebok International Limited (/ˈriːbɒk/ REE-bok) is an American footwear and clothing brand that is a part of Authentic Brands Group. It was established in England in 1958 as a companion company to J.W. Foster and Sons, a sporting goods company which had been founded in 1895 in Bolton, Lancashire. From 1958 until 1986, the brand featured the flag of the United Kingdom in its logo to signify the origins of the company. It was bought by German sporting goods company Adidas in 2005, then sold to the United States–based Authentic Brands Group in 2021. The company's global headquarters are located in Boston, Massachusetts, in the Seaport District.
Edict of Toleration (Hawaii)
An Edict of Toleration was decreed by King Kamehameha III of Hawaii on June 17, 1839, which allowed for the establishment of the Hawaii Catholic Church. The religious traditions of ancient Hawaii were preferred by Kings Kamehameha and Kamehameha II, with the Catholic Church being suppressed in the Kingdom of Hawaii. Later, during the regency of Kaahumanu and the child king Kamehameha III, the Congregational church was the preferred Christian denomination. Kamehameha III issued the edict under the threat of force by the French government, as the French were seeking to protect the work of the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary. The 1840 Constitution later enshrined religious liberty. Under this threat from the French, King Kamehameha III paid $20,000 in compensation for the deportation of priests and the incarceration and torture of converts.

Kaʻahumanu
Kaʻahumanu ("The Feathered Mantle", March 17, 1768 – June 5, 1832) was queen consort and acted as regent of the Hawaiian Kingdom as Kuhina Nui. She was the favorite wife of King Kamehameha I and also the most politically powerful, and continued to wield considerable power as co-ruler in the kingdom during the reigns of his first two successors.
Chuck Comeau
Charles-André "Chuck" Comeau MSC (born 17 September 1979) is a Canadian musician best known for being the drummer of the rock band Simple Plan. He also founded the apparel company Role Model Clothing along with his bandmate Pierre Bouvier and the band's best friend, Patrick Langlois. He is also former drummer for the punk rock band Reset from 1993 to 1999, which he quit to form Simple Plan with his bandmate who also left Reset, Pierre Bouvier.

Meritorious Service Cross
The Meritorious Service Cross (French: Croix du service méritoire) is a decoration that is, within the Canadian system of honours, one of the two Meritorious Service Decorations gifted by the Canadian monarch, his or her Governor-in-Council. Created in 1984, the medal is intended to recognize individuals—both Canadian and foreign—who have carried out meritorious acts bringing benefit and honour in either of two categories: military and civilian.
Thrawn Janet
"Thrawn Janet" is an 1881 short story, written in Scots, by the Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson. He wrote the story in the summer of 1881 while he stayed at the rented Kinnaird Cottage in Kinnaird, a hamlet near Pitlochry, with his parents and wife. When he read the story to his wife Fanny Stevenson, she said of it that it "sent a cauld grue [shudder] along my bones" and "fair frightened" Stevenson himself. It was first published in the October 1881 issue of the Cornhill Magazine. It is a dark tale of satanic possession.

The story was later included in Stevenson's 1887 collection The Merry Men, and Other Tales and Fables.

The Cornhill Magazine
The Cornhill Magazine (1860–1975) was a monthly Victorian magazine and literary journal named after the street address of the founding publisher Smith, Elder & Co. at 65 Cornhill in London. In the 1860s, under the editorship of William Makepeace Thackeray, the paper's large circulation peaked around 110,000. Due to emerging competitors, circulation fell to 20,000 by 1870. The following year, Leslie Stephen took over as editor. When Stephen left in 1882, circulation had further fallen to 12,000. The Cornhill was purchased by John Murray in 1912, and continued to publish issues until 1975.
Faxonius quadruncus
Faxonius quadruncus, the St. Francis River crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Missouri. The common name refers to the St. Francis River where the first examples were found.

Crayfish
Crayfish are freshwater crustaceans belonging to the infraorder Astacidea, which also contains lobsters. Taxonomically, they are members of the superfamilies Astacoidea and Parastacoidea. They breathe through feather-like gills. Some species are found in brooks and streams, where  fresh water is running, while others thrive in swamps, ditches, and paddy fields. Most crayfish cannot tolerate polluted water, although some species, such as Procambarus clarkii, are hardier. Crayfish feed on animals and plants, either living or decomposing, and detritus.

The term "crayfish" is applied to saltwater species in some countries.
Manor Park, New Zealand
Manor Park, a northern suburb of Lower Hutt City, lies in the south of the North Island of New Zealand. The suburb separates the western bank of the Hutt River from  State Highway 2.

The suburb is served by the Manor Park railway station

State Highway 2 (New Zealand)
State Highway 2 (SH 2) runs north–south through eastern parts of the North Island of New Zealand from the outskirts of Auckland to Wellington. It runs through Tauranga, Gisborne, Napier, Hastings and Masterton. It is the second-longest highway in the North Island, after State Highway 1, which runs the length of both of the country's main islands.

For most of its length it consists of a two-lane single carriageway, with frequent passing lanes. There are sections of four-lane dual-carriageway expressway at Maramarua, Tauranga and Wellington.
Rivers Casino
Rivers Casino is the name of several casinos operated by Rush Street Gaming, including:

Rivers Casino (Des Plaines)

Rivers Casino Philadelphia

Rivers Casino (Pittsburgh)

Rivers Casino Portsmouth

Rivers Casino (Schenectady)

Rivers Casino Portsmouth
Rivers Casino Portsmouth is a casino located in the Hampton Roads city of Portsmouth, Virginia, adjacent to the Tidewater Community College - Portsmouth Campus. Owned by Rush Street Gaming, it opened on January 23, 2023, becoming Virginia's first full-service permanent casino.
Canadian Football League Canada Day games
Canadian Football League Canada Day games are an occasional part of the league's schedule and occur only when the league schedule begins on or before July 1. The games are not an annual occurrence, unlike the Labour Day or Thanksgiving Day games. As of the 2023 CFL season, there have been 24 games played on Canada Day.

Canada Day
Canada Day is the national day of Canada. A federal statutory holiday, it celebrates the anniversary of Canadian Confederation which occurred on July 1, 1867, when the three separate colonies of the United Canadas (Ontario and Quebec), Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick were united into a single dominion within the British Empire called Canada.

Originally called Dominion Day, the holiday was renamed in 1982, the same year that the Canadian constitution was patriated by the Canada Act, 1982, which severed the vestiges of legal dependence on the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Canada Day celebrations take place throughout the country, as well as in various locations around the world attended by Canadians living abroad.
Guilherme Viana
Guilherme Viana (born May 13, 1986) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist formerly competing in Bellator's Light Heavyweight division. A professional competitor since 2012, Viana was a contestant on The Ultimate Fighter: Brazil 3.

Bellator MMA
Bellator MMA (formerly Bellator Fighting Championships) was an American mixed martial arts promotion founded in 2008 by Bjorn Rebney and operated until 2025. The promotion takes its name from bellātor, the Latin word for "warrior". Bellator's first event was in 2009, and the promotion held 313 "numbered" events.

Bellator was considered the second largest MMA promotion in the United States, and one of the largest combat sport promotions in the world. Paramount Global (formerly Viacom) purchased majority ownership of Bellator from Rebney in 2011, with Paramount's television networks serving as the promotion's media broadcasters in the United States. On November 20, 2023, after then-broadcast home Showtime announced the discontinuation of its sports division, Bellator MMA was acquired by the Professional Fighters League (PFL).
Brian K. Horton
Brian K. Horton (born March 23, 1970) is an American geologist, currently the Alexander Deussen Professor of Energy Resources at the Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin.
He studies sedimentary geology and tectonics, with emphasis on foreland basins and fold and thrust belts.  His research addresses nonmarine depositional systems (including fluvial megafans), sediment provenance, river catchment evolution, and mountain building along convergent plate margins (including the Tibetan Plateau, Zagros Mountains, and North American Cordillera), with a focus on the evolution of the Andes Mountains and Amazon Basin.  Horton received the Geological Society of America Donath Medal (Young Scientist Award) in 2004, an Alexander von Humboldt Foundation fellowship in 2005-2006, and the Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM) William R. Dickinson Medal in 2018. He is a fellow of the Geological Society of America and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.

Depositional environment
In geology, depositional environment or sedimentary environment describes the combination of physical, chemical, and biological processes associated with the deposition of a particular type of sediment and, therefore, the rock types that will be formed after lithification, if the sediment is preserved in the rock record. In most cases, the environments associated with particular rock types or associations of rock types can be matched to existing analogues. However, the further back in geological time sediments were deposited, the more likely that direct modern analogues are not available (e.g. banded iron formations).
Honda Tadatomo
Honda Tadatomo (本多 忠朝; 1582 – June 3, 1615) was a Japanese samurai lord who was a retainer of the Tokugawa clan following the Azuchi–Momoyama period of the 16th century to the Edo period of the 17th century of Japan. Tadatomo was the younger son of Honda Tadakatsu, one of Four Guardians of the Tokugawa.

Kashindan
Kashindan (家臣団) was an institution of the retainers (kashin) of the shogun or a daimyo in Japan that became a class of samurai. It was divided into the military commanders (bankata) and the civil officers (yakukata).

In the Nanboku-chō and Muromachi periods, the kashindan began to include members of the clan that it served. In the Sengoku period, in response to the need for a strong military organization with a centralized power structure, the daimyo organized their own kashindan as a standing army. By the Edo period, they had become a discrete class of samurai, and each family was paid an annual stipend according to its rank. The kashindan was abolished in 1871 as part of the Meiji Restoration.
Govender
Govender is a surname of Indian origin, from Gounder, found among Indian South Africans. Notable people with the surname include:

Karthy Govender, South African human rights commissioner and academic

Kessie Govender (1942–2002), South African playwright and actor

Maggie Govender, South African politician

Pregs Govender, South African activist

Rogers Govender (born 1960), Church of England dean

Ronnie Govender (1934–2021), South African playwright and writer

Venitia Govender, South African activist

Karthy Govender
Karthy Govender is a commissioner for the South African Human Rights Commission. Karthy Govender, along with Commissioner Jody Kollapen are two Commissioners of minority South African Indian Tamil ancestry. Karthy Govender is also an associate professor in the law faculty at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, where he teaches Constitutional and Administrative Law. He is also a visiting professor at the University of Michigan Law School. He has widely published in literature on Constitutional law.
Listed buildings in Firbeck
Firbeck is a civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham, South Yorkshire, England.  The parish contains 20 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest".  The parish contains the village of Firbeck and the surrounding countryside.  Most of the listed buildings are houses and associated structures, farmhouses and farm buildings, and the others consist of a church and a memorial in the churchyard, two ice houses, a bridge and an integral weir, and an external cellar.

Weir
A weir /wɪər/ or low-head dam is a barrier across the width of a body of water that alters the flow characteristics of water and usually results in a change in the height of the water level. Weirs are used to control the flow of water for rivers, outlets of lakes, ponds, and reservoirs, industrial discharge, and drainage control structures. There are many weir designs, but commonly water flows freely over the top of the weir crest before cascading down to a lower level. There is no single definition as to what constitutes a weir. Weirs pose a serious danger to boaters and have been involved in several fatal drownings. They are sometimes colloquially referred to as drowning machines.

Weir can also refer to the skimmer found in most in-ground swimming pools, which controls the flow of water pulled into the filtering system.
October 1966 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Saturday, October 29, 1966, with an umbral magnitude of −0.1249. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 4 days after apogee (on October 25, 1966, at 9:55 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

Magnitude of eclipse
The magnitude of eclipse is the fraction of the angular diameter of a celestial body being eclipsed. This applies to all celestial eclipses. The magnitude of a partial or annular solar eclipse is always between 0.0 and 1.0, while the magnitude of a total solar eclipse is always greater than or equal to 1.0, and has a theoretically maximum value of around 1.12.

This measure is strictly a ratio of diameters and should not be confused with the covered fraction of the apparent area (disk) of the eclipsed body. Neither should it be confused with the astronomical magnitude scale of apparent brightness.
2017 Engie Open de Seine-et-Marne – Doubles
Jocelyn Rae and Anna Smith were the two-time defending champions but lost in the quarterfinals to Manon Arcangioli and Magdalena Fręch.

Vera Lapko and Polina Monova won the title, defeating Arcangioli and Fręch in the final, 6–3, 6–4.

Magdalena Fręch
Magdalena Fręch (Polish pronunciation: [maɡdaˈlɛna ˈfrɛ̃x]; born 15 December 1997) is a Polish professional tennis player.
She has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 22, achieved on 28 October 2024. On 8 August 2022, she peaked at No. 174 in the doubles rankings.

She has won one singles WTA Tour title and one on the WTA Challenger Tour, along with six singles and four doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.

Playing for Poland in the Billie Jean King Cup, Fręch has a win–loss record of 10–7, as of September 2024.
Huronian glaciation
The Huronian glaciation (or Makganyene glaciation) was a period when at least three ice ages occurred during the deposition of the Huronian Supergroup. Deposition of this largely sedimentary succession extended from approximately 2.5 to 2.2 billion years ago (Gya), during the Siderian and Rhyacian periods of the Paleoproterozoic era. Evidence for glaciation is mainly based on the recognition of diamictite that is interpreted to be of glacial origin. Deposition of the Huronian succession is interpreted to have occurred within a rift basin that evolved into a largely marine passive margin setting. The glacial diamictite deposits within the Huronian are on par in thickness with Quaternary analogs.

Atmospheric methane
Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution (around 1750), the methane concentration in the atmosphere has increased by about 160%, and human activities almost entirely caused this increase. Since 1750 methane has contributed 3% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in terms of mass but is responsible for approximately 23% of radiative or climate forcing. By 2019, global methane concentrations had risen from 722 parts per billion (ppb) in pre-industrial times to 1866 ppb. This is an increase by a factor of 2.6 and the highest value in at least 800,000 years.: 4

Methane increases the amount of ozone (O3) in the troposphere (4 miles (6 km) to 12 miles (19 km) from the Earth's surface) and also in the stratosphere (from the troposphere to 31 miles (50 km) above the Earth's surface). Both water vapour and ozone are GHGs, which in turn add to climate warming.: 2