hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sankenbachsee
The Sankenbachsee is a tarn southwest of  Baiersbronn in the Black Forest in southwestern Germany. The Sankenbach stream flows through the lake. In the 1980s a low weir was built at the outflow of the Sankenbach which protects the lake from silting up.

Black Forest
The Black Forest (German: Schwarzwald [ˈʃvaʁtsvalt] ⓘ) is a large forested mountain range in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany, bounded by the Rhine Valley to the west and south and close to the borders with France and Switzerland. It is the source of the Danube and Neckar rivers.

Its highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres (4,898 ft) above sea level. Roughly oblong in shape, with a length of 160 kilometres (100 miles) and breadth of up to 50 km (30 mi), it has an area of about 6,009 km2 (2,320 sq mi).

Historically, the area was known for forestry and the mining of ore deposits, but tourism has now become the primary industry, accounting for around 300,000 jobs. There are several ruined military fortifications dating back to the 17th century.
Chain rule
In calculus, the chain rule is a formula that expresses the derivative of the composition of two differentiable functions z and y in terms of the derivatives of z and y. More precisely, if  is the composition such that  for every x, then the chain rule is, in Lagrange's notation,

or, equivalently,

The chain rule may also be expressed in Leibniz's notation. If a variable z depends on the variable y, which itself depends on the variable x (that is, y and z are dependent variables), then z depends on x as well, via the intermediate variable y. In this case, the chain rule is expressed as
 
and

for indicating at which points the derivatives have to be evaluated.

In integration, the counterpart to the chain rule is the substitution rule.

Formula
In science, a formula is a concise way of expressing information symbolically, as in a mathematical formula or a chemical formula. The informal use of the term formula in science refers to the general construct of a relationship between given quantities.

The plural of formula can be either formulas (from the most common English plural noun form) or, under the influence of scientific Latin, formulae (from the original Latin).
Thunder Canyon
Thunder Canyon is a river rapids ride located at three Six Flags amusement parks and were installed when the parks were owned by Cedar Fair, Cedar Point in Sandusky, Ohio, Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom in Allentown, Pennsylvania and Valleyfair in Shakopee, Minnesota. All of the rides include water falls and water shoots.

Sandusky, Ohio
Sandusky (/sænˈdʌski/ san-DUSS-kee) is a city in Erie County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. Situated on the southern shore of Lake Erie, Sandusky is located roughly midway between Toledo (45 miles (72 km) west) and Cleveland (50 miles (80 km) east). At the 2020 census, the city had a population of 25,095, and the Sandusky metropolitan area had 115,986 residents.

Sandusky was established in the early 19th century and developed as a port city at the head of Sandusky Bay. It is home to Cedar Point, one of the most popular amusement parks in the world, as well as water parks including Cedar Point Shores, Castaway Bay, Great Wolf Lodge, and Kalahari. The headquarters of Cedar Fair Entertainment Company were located in the city until it merged with Six Flags, who retains some administrative offices in Sandusky.
Peter Rickmers (curler)
Peter Rickmers (born 12 November 1979) is a German curler. He was born in Hamburg, and is educated as aerospace engineer. He competed at the 2011 European Curling Championships in Moscow, the 2012 World Curling Championships in Basel, the 2013 European Curling Championships in Stavanger, and at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.

2013 European Curling Championships
The 2013 European Curling Championships were held from November 22 to 30 at the Sørmarka Arena in Stavanger, Norway. Norway last hosted the European Curling Championships in 1990. The Group C competitions were held in October at the Tårnby Curling Club in Tårnby, Denmark.

At the conclusion of the championships, the top eight women's teams advanced to the 2014 Ford World Women's Curling Championship, and the top eight men's teams advanced to the 2014 World Men's Curling Championship.
Economic development incentive
An economic development incentive is known as "cash or near-cash assistance provided on a discretionary basis to attract or retain business operations." These benefits principally encompass tax and economic incentives provided by federal, state, or local governmental bodies. Entities such as utilities and non-profits, can also make incentives available for these purposes.  They accord the recipient a monetary benefit (i.e., tax incentives) or an in-kind benefit (e.g., state regulatory releases of environmental liability, municipal infrastructure improvements). Private enterprises, including individuals, are generally the ultimate beneficiaries of economic development incentives. Depending on the incentive in question, other qualified parties are eligible to receive it, as in the case of municipalities, utilities, or economic development agencies.

Promulgation
Promulgation is the formal proclamation or the declaration that a new statutory or administrative law is enacted after its final approval. In some jurisdictions, this additional step is necessary before the law can take effect.

After a new law is approved, it is announced to the public through the publication of government gazettes and/or on official government bulletins. National laws of extraordinary importance to the public may be announced by the head of state or head of government on a national broadcast. Local laws are usually announced in local newspapers and published in bulletins or compendia of municipal regulations.
Skogsrå
The skogsrå (Swedish definite form: skogsrået [ˈskʊ̂ksˌroːɛt] ⓘ; lit. 'the forest rå'), skogsfru (definite: skogsfrun, 'the mistress of the forest'), skogsjungfru (definite: skogsjungfrun, 'the maiden of the forest'), skogssnua, skogssnuva, or skogsnymf (definite: skogssnuvan, skogsnymfen, 'the forest nymph'), is a mythical female creature (or rå) of the forest in Swedish folklore.

Article (grammar)
In grammar, an article is any of a small set of words or affixes (such as a, an, and the in English) used with nouns to limit or give definiteness to the application. The category of articles constitutes a part of speech.

Articles combine with nouns to form noun phrases, and typically specify the grammatical definiteness of the noun phrase. In English, the and a (rendered as an when followed by a vowel sound) are the definite and indefinite articles respectively. Articles in many other languages also carry additional grammatical information such as gender, number, and case. Articles are part of a broader category called determiners, which also include demonstratives, possessive determiners, and quantifiers. In linguistic interlinear glossing, articles are abbreviated as ART.
2017–18 NJIT Highlanders women's basketball team
The 2017–18 NJIT Highlanders women's basketball team represented New Jersey Institute of Technology during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Highlanders, led by sixth-year head coach Steve Lanpher, played their home games at the Wellness and Events Center in Newark, New Jersey. They were third-year members of the Atlantic Sun Conference (A-Sun). They finished the season 4–26, 2–12 in A-Sun play, to finish in last place. They lost in the quarterfinals of A-Sun tournament to Florida Gulf Coast.

On March 8, 2018, head coach Steve Lanpher resigned. He finished at NJIT with a six-year record of 55–124.

2017–18 Florida Gulf Coast Eagles women's basketball team
The 2017–18 Florida Gulf Coast Eagles women's basketball team represented Florida Gulf Coast University (FGCU) in the 2017–18 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Eagles, led by sixteenth year head coach Karl Smesko, played their home games at Alico Arena and were members of the Atlantic Sun Conference. They finished the season 31–5, 12–1 in A-Sun play to win the Atlantic Sun regular season champions. They also won the ASUN Tournament and received an automatic bid to the NCAA women's tournament, where they upset Missouri in the first round before losing to Stanford in the second round.
Live at the El Mocambo (Stevie Ray Vaughan video)
Live at the El Mocambo is a live video by Stevie Ray Vaughan and Double Trouble. The film was recorded at El Mocambo club in Toronto, Ontario on July 20, 1983, during the band's Texas Flood Tour. It was also released as a DVD on December 21, 1999, with interviews from drummer Chris Layton and bassist Tommy Shannon.

The performance was later released in 2014 on the album The Complete Epic Recordings Collection (Live) with two bonus tracks, Howlin Wolf's "You'll Be Mine" and Vaughan's own "Rude Mood".

Chris Layton
Christopher Layton (born November 16, 1955), is an American drummer who rose to fame as one of the founding members of Double Trouble, a blues rock band led by Stevie Ray Vaughan.

Born and raised in Corpus Christi, Texas, Layton moved to Austin in 1975 and joined the band Greezy Wheels. He later joined Vaughan's band Double Trouble in 1978. After forming successful partnerships with bandmates Tommy Shannon and Reese Wynans, Double Trouble recorded and performed with Vaughan until his death in 1990. Layton and Shannon later formed supergroups such as the Arc Angels, Storyville, and Grady. Layton is the drummer for the Kenny Wayne Shepherd Band.
Whitinsville Christian School
Whitinsville Christian School is a pre-K-12 Christian day school, one of the oldest in Massachusetts. The school is organized into a preschool, elementary school (grades K-5), a middle school (grades 6-8) and a high school (grades 9-12). It is a member of Christian Schools International and is accredited by the New England Association of Schools and Colleges.

Christian school
A Christian school is a religious school run on Christian principles or by a Christian organization. These schools often include religious education and worship in their curriculum. They may also have a distinct Christian mission or philosophy.

The nature of Christian schools varies enormously from country to country, according to the religious, educational, and political cultures. In some countries, there is a strict separation of church and state, so all religious schools are private; in others, there is an established church whose teachings form an integral part of the state-operated educational system; in yet others, the state subsidizes religious schools of various denominations.
Fighter V
Fighter V is a Swiss melodic rock band, formed in 2019 in Hergiswil. Their sound is influenced by the 80s hard rock and arena rock with bands like Whitesnake, Journey, Survivor and Bon Jovi. The band has played several headliner shows across Central Europe and performed as the support act for various rock bands like The Dead Daisies, Fozzy, Bonfire, Shakra, The New Roses, John Diva & the Rockets of Love and Kissin' Dynamite. Their current album Fighter was released in October 2019 via Rock Attack Records and Avalon Marquee (Japan).

Axel Rudi Pell
Axel Rudi Pell (born 27 June 1960) is a German hard rock guitarist. Formerly of the speed metal band Steeler, he has pursued a solo career since the late 1980s–early 1990s with the eponymous band Axel Rudi Pell, working with a number of vocalists; the longest-serving, since 1998, being Johnny Gioeli of Hardline.
Cool Breeze (rapper)
Frederick Bell (born August 12, 1971), better known by his stage name Cool Breeze is an American rapper and a member of Southern hip hop collective Dungeon Family. He released his debut solo album East Point's Greatest Hit in 1999. In 2001, he joined up with two rappers from a group called Sniper Unit and became known as Freddie Calhoun. He features on and is the origin to the title phrase of the 1996 Billboard Hot 100 single "Dirty South" on Goodie Mob's debut album Soul Food. His 1998 single "Watch for the Hook" featuring Goodie Mob, Outkast and Witchdoctor reached the Billboard Hot 100 at #73 and topped the US Hot Rap Songs chart.

Southern hip-hop
Southern hip-hop, also known as Southern rap, South Coast hip-hop, or dirty south, is a blanket term for a regional genre of American hip-hop music that emerged in the Southern United States, especially in Georgia, Texas, Louisiana, Tennessee, and Florida—often titled "The Big 5," five states which constitute the "Southern Network" in rap music.

The music was a reaction to the 1980s flow of hip-hop culture from New York City and the Los Angeles area and can be considered the third major American hip-hop scene, alongside East Coast and West Coast hip-hop. Many early Southern rap artists released their music independently or on mixtapes after encountering difficulty securing record-label contracts in the 1990s. By the early 2000s, many Southern artists had attained success, and as the decade went on, both mainstream and underground varieties of Southern hip-hop became among the most popular and influential of the entire genre.
Clayton Andrews (baseball, born 1978)
Clayton Andrews (born May 15, 1978) is an American former left-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball.

Andrews was taken in the third round of the 1996 amateur draft by the Toronto Blue Jays.  His only major league appearances came with the Blue Jays in the 2000 season, where he racked up an ERA of 10.02 in 20 2/3 innings.  His record in eight games was 1–2 with one game finished.  His lone major league win came on May 28 against the Detroit Tigers at Comerica Park where he pitched 4 hitless, scoreless innings of relief in a 12-7 Blue Jays victory.

He was traded to the Cincinnati Reds after the 2000 season with Leo Estrella for Steve Parris, and last pitched professionally in 2007 for the Lancaster Barnstormers of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball.

Inning
In baseball, softball, and similar games, an inning is the basic unit of play, consisting of two halves or frames, the "top" (first half) and the "bottom" (second half). In each half, one team bats until three outs are made, with the other team playing defense. A full baseball game is typically scheduled for nine innings, while softball games consist of seven innings, although this may be shortened due to weather, or extended if the score is tied at the end of the scheduled innings. The use of the term inning in baseball and softball contrasts with cricket and rounders, in which the term is innings in both singular and plural.
Giacun Caduff
Giacun Caduff (born 1979) is a Swiss director and producer. Best known for his work on La femme et le TGV as producer, which earned him critical appraisal and recognition including Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film at the 89th Academy Awards in 2017 with director Timo von Gunten.

Etienne!
Etienne! is a 2009 American comedy film written and directed by Jeff Mizushima. It stars Richard Vallejos, Sophia Myles and Courtney Halverson. It was released on June 12, 2009 at the CineVegas International Film Festival and received positive reviews from critics.
Black Sabbath: The End of the End
Black Sabbath: The End of the End is a 2017 concert documentary film about the English heavy metal band Black Sabbath, performing the final show of their farewell concert tour, known as The End Tour. The performance took place at the Genting Arena in Birmingham, England, on 4 February 2017, and features founding Black Sabbath members Ozzy Osbourne, Tony Iommi and Geezer Butler, with session drummer Tommy Clufetos filling in for the band's original drummer, Bill Ward. The film also features footage of "The Angelic Sessions"—the band's final studio recordings, recorded in the days following the final show.

Directed by Dick Carruthers and produced by Eagle Rock Films, Black Sabbath: The End of the End was released in theatres on 28 September 2017, as a one-night-only event. It was followed by an accompanying live album, The End: Live in Birmingham.

Dick Carruthers
Richard Carruthers (born 25 March 1966, Sussex, England) is an English music video and film director, based in London, England. He directed the Led Zeppelin Celebration Day film and The Rolling Stones Bridges To Babylon DVD (as live concert director) as well as many other live music videos. Carruthers' work on the Oasis Definitely Maybe DVD was nominated for two BAFTAs.
Carol-Ann James
Carol-Ann James is a Trinidadian former cricketer who played as an all-rounder, batting right-handed and bowling right-arm off break. She appeared in 11 One Day Internationals for the West Indies between 1993 and 1997. She played domestic cricket for Trinidad and Tobago.

All-rounder
An all-rounder is a cricketer who regularly performs well at both batting and bowling. Although all bowlers must bat and quite a handful of batsmen do bowl occasionally, most players are skilled in only one of the two disciplines and are considered specialists. Some wicket-keepers have the skills of a specialist batter and have been referred to as all-rounders, but the term wicket-keeper-batter is more commonly applied to them, even if they are substitute wicket keepers who also bowl.
RAF Graveley
Royal Air Force Graveley or more simply RAF Graveley is a former Royal Air Force station located 5 miles (8 km) south of Huntingdon. The station was originally intended to operate under No. 3 Group RAF, alongside RAF Tempsford and RAF Gransden Lodge.

Gransden Lodge Airfield
Gransden Lodge Airfield is a former wartime airfield located 10.1 mi (16.3 km) west of Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England.

The Cambridge University Gliding Club (now Cambridge Gliding Centre) moved to Gransden Lodge in October 1991, having previously shared Duxford Airfield with the Imperial War Museum Duxford.
Croquet at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Singles, one ball
The 1900 Olympic Croquet one-ball singles tournament was held over three rounds on 28 June 1900. Nine athletes from France competed. The event was won by Gaston Aumoitte, with Georges Johin taking second and Chrétien Waydelich third.

Gaston Aumoitte
Gaston Achille Louis Aumoitte (19 December 1884 in Hanoi, Tonkin Protectorate – 30 December 1957 in Sainte-Foy-la-Grande, France) was a French croquet player and Olympic champion. He received a gold medal in Singles, one ball at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris.

He also received a gold medal in Doubles (with Georges Johin), as the only participants in that competition.
Bishop of Limerick and Killaloe
The Bishop of Limerick, Killaloe and Ardfert or the Bishop of Limerick and Killaloe (/ˌkɪləˈluː/ kil-ə-LOO; Full title: Bishop of Limerick, Ardfert, Aghadoe, Killaloe, Kilfenora, Clonfert, Kilmacduagh and Emly) is the Church of Ireland Ordinary of the united Diocese of Limerick and Killaloe in the Province of Dublin. Since 2022, the bishop has been  Michael Burrows.

Clonfert
Clonfert (Irish: Cluain Fearta) is a small village in east County Galway, Ireland, halfway between Ballinasloe and Portumna. The village gives its name to the Diocese of Clonfert. Clonfert Cathedral is one of the eight cathedral churches of the Church of Ireland, Diocese of Limerick and Killaloe. The cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Clonfert is located in Loughrea and is home to the Shrine of Our Lady of Clonfert. Three churches lay in this parish, St. Brendan's Eyrecourt, St. Francis Meelick and Clonfert. Its current parish priest (2021) is Fr. Declan McInerney and its bishop Michael Duignan. The village is in a civil parish of the same name.
Lanark, Ontario
Lanark is an unincorporated community and former village in the municipality (and incorporated township) of Lanark Highlands, Lanark County, in Eastern Ontario, Canada.

It was a separate village municipality from 1862 until May 14, 1997, when it merged with Lavant Dalhousie and North Sherbrooke Township and Lanark Township to form the Township of North West Lanark (which became the Township of Lanark Highlands in July 1997).

Lanark County
Lanark County is a county and census division located in the Canadian province of Ontario. Its county seat is Perth, which was first settled in 1816 and was known as a social and political capital before being overshadowed by a city known today as Ottawa.

Most European settlements of the county began in 1816, when Drummond, Beckwith and Bathurst townships were named and initially surveyed. The first farm north of the Rideau was cleared and settled somewhat earlier, in 1790. The county took its name from the town of Lanark in Scotland. Nearly all the townships were named after British public and military figures from the era of early settlement.
Zapivka
Zapivka (Russian: Запивка, "washing down") is the liturgical practice in certain Orthodox Churches and certain Byzantine Rite Catholic Churches whereby the faithful will partake of antidoron (blessed bread) and some wine diluted with warm water after receiving Holy Communion.

The purpose of zapivka is to wash any remnants of the Body and Blood of Christ from the mouth lest anyone inadvertently spit some of the Sacred Mysteries (Eucharist) out. The method of partaking of the zapivka is to first take three sips of the warm wine, then consume the antidoron.

The clergy also partake of zapivka. The priests and deacons who communicated will partake of the zapivka immediately after receiving Holy Communion, except for the deacon (or priest, if there is no deacon serving) who will perform the ablutions (consume the remaining Sacred Mysteries). He will then receive zapivka after finishing the ablutions. After consuming the zapivka all of the clergy will rinse their hands and their lips.

Greek Catholic Church
The Greek-Catholic Churches, which fall within the "Eastern Catholic Churches" or "Catholic Churches of Eastern rite", constitute the corpus of churches in communion with the Bishop of Rome and observing, by long tradition, the Byzantine Rite. They are still called "Greek-Catholic" to highlight the "Greek" rite (as the Byzantine rite was called in the past, having the Greek koinè as the common ecclesiastical lingua franca of the various Christian peoples of the East) and the union with the papacy.
1951 Ulster Trophy
The 1951 Ulster Trophy was a non-championship Formula One motor race held on 2 June 1951 at the Dundrod Circuit, in Northern Ireland. The race was won by Alfa Romeo driver Giuseppe Farina. Farina also set pole position and fastest lap.

Dundrod Circuit
Dundrod Circuit  is a motorsport street circuit used for the Ulster Trophy for Formula One and Formula Two cars from 1950 to 1953, the RAC Tourist Trophy for sports cars between 1950 and 1955, and for the motorcycle Ulster Grand Prix from 1953 onwards. It is situated near the village of Dundrod in Lisburn, Northern Ireland. The nearby Clady Circuit also in County Antrim was used for the Ulster Grand Prix between (1922–1952) before moving to the Dundrod Circuit.
Yoshihiro Doi
Yoshihiro Doi (土肥 義弘, Doi Yoshihiro) (born September 1, 1976 in Saitama, Japan) is a Japanese baseball pitcher. He pitched for the Saitama Seibu Lions and Yokohama BayStars of Nippon Professional Baseball from 1998 through 2010.

Saitama Seibu Lions
The Saitama Seibu Lions (埼玉西武ライオンズ, Saitama Seibu Raionzu) are a professional baseball team in Japan's Pacific League based north of Tokyo in Tokorozawa, Saitama Prefecture. Before 1979, they were based in Fukuoka, Fukuoka Prefecture, in Kyushu. The team is owned by a subsidiary of Seibu Railway, which in turn is owned by the Seibu Holdings. The team experienced a recent period of financial difficulty, but the situation brightened when the team received a record ¥6 billion (about $51.11 million) posting fee from the Boston Red Sox for the right to negotiate a contract with Daisuke Matsuzaka. Between 1978 and 2008, the team logo and mascot were based on the adult version of Kimba the White Lion, a classic Japanese anime and manga series by Osamu Tezuka. In 2004, former Seibu Lions player Kazuo Matsui became the first Japanese infielder to play in Major League Baseball.