hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Upstate Citizens for Equality
Upstate Citizens for Equality (UCE) was a citizens' rights group based in Verona, New York, that opposed Oneida Indian Nation (OIN) land claims, the Turning Stone Resort Casino, the OIN's application to the US Interior Department to place 13,000 acres (53 km2) into federal trust, OIN sovereignty, and what it viewed as flawed federal Indian policy.  The group organized protests at the OIN's gas stations and casino condemning OIN's sovereign status and unique relationship with the US government and New York State.

Federal Indian Policy
Federal Indian policy establishes the relationship between the United States Government and the Indian Tribes within its borders. The Constitution gives the federal government primary responsibility for dealing with tribes. Some scholars divide the federal policy toward Indians in six phases: coexistence (1789–1828), removal and reservations (1829–1886), assimilation (1887–1932), reorganization (1932–1945), termination (1946–1960), and self-determination (1961–1985).
Blaze Media
Blaze Media is an American conservative media company owned by Mercury Radio Arts, a multimedia production company owned by conservative radio talk host Glenn Beck. It was founded in 2018 as a result of a merger between TheBlaze and CRTV LLC. The company's leadership consists of CEO Tyler Cardon and president Gaston Mooney. It is based in Irving, Texas, where it has studios and offices, as well as in Washington, D.C.

TheBlaze was a pay television network founded by Glenn Beck. Originally, it was called Glenn Beck TV, created after Beck's departure from Fox News Channel in 2011. In 2012, the network took the name of Beck's popular website, TheBlaze. From 2014 to 2017, the company had four different CEOs, followed by Beck himself. Months after Beck took the position, the company laid off over a fourth of its staff. CRTV LLC, which operated the Conservative Review and CRTV (Conservative Review Television), was an online subscription network.

The Daily Wire
The Daily Wire is an American right-wing media company founded in 2015 by political commentator Ben Shapiro and film director Jeremy Boreing. The company is a publisher on Facebook, and produces podcasts such as The Ben Shapiro Show. The Daily Wire has also produced various films and video series. Its DailyWire+ video on demand platform launched in 2022, and its children's video platform Bentkey in 2023. The Daily Wire is based in Nashville, Tennessee.

Many Daily Wire stories repackage journalism from traditional news organizations while adding a conservative slant. Fact checkers have said that some stories shared by the Daily Wire are unverified, and that the Daily Wire sometimes misstates facts to advance a partisan view.
Faunsdale Plantation
Faunsdale Plantation is a historic slave plantation near the town of Faunsdale, Alabama, United States. This plantation is located in the Black Belt, a section of the state developed for cotton plantations. Until the U.S. Civil War, planters held as many as 186 enslaved African Americans as laborers to raise cotton as a commodity crop.

A number of the workers' former cabins remain standing, and they are among the most significant examples of slave housing in Marengo County. These cabins are also among the last remaining examples of this building type in the state of Alabama.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 13, 1993, as a part of the historic district associated with the Plantation Houses of the Alabama Canebrake and Their Associated Outbuildings Multiple Property Submission.

Plantation Houses of the Alabama Canebrake and Their Associated Outbuildings Multiple Property Submission
The Plantation Houses of the Alabama Canebrake and Their Associated Outbuildings Multiple Property Submission is a multiple property submission of properties that were together listed on the National Register of Historic Places.  The multiple property submission covers plantation properties that are within the Alabama Canebrake. The National Park Service has determined that all are historically or architecturally significant as a surviving group of plantation structures in what was once one of the wealthiest areas of the state.
Utica Zoo
Utica Zoo is a regional zoo in Utica, New York, situated in a section of Roscoe Conkling Park. It consists of a mixture of outdoor and indoor animal enclosures, a petting zoo, nature trails, and other amenities.

The Utica Zoo is primarily funded by the Oneida County government, the New York State Natural Heritage Program, and fundraising by the zoo and private donors. The City of Utica does not financially support the zoo at present, although it still owns the land occupied by the zoo.

Chilean rose tarantula
The Chilean rose tarantula (Grammostola rosea), also known as the rose hair tarantula, the Chilean fire tarantula, or the Chilean red-haired tarantula (depending on the color morph), is probably the most common species of tarantula available in American and European pet stores today, due to the large number of wild-caught specimens exported cheaply from their native Chile into the pet trade. The species is also known from Bolivia and Argentina.

G. rosea is a common pet of tarantula hobbyists. Females have been known to live as long as 20 years, but due to the limited time they have been available on the market (and hence for extensive study), they may live considerably longer than 20 years. In the past, considerable confusion existed between this species and Grammostola porteri, but in 2022 the World Spider Catalog revised the latter as a junior synonym of Grammostola rosea.
2025 Tour of Chongming Island
The 2025 Tour of Chongming Island was the 16th edition of the Tour of Chongming Island road cycling stage race, and the 26th event of the 2025 UCI Women's World Tour. It began on 14 October in Chongming and finished on 16 October, also in Chongming.

2025 UCI Women's World Tour
The 2025 UCI Women's World Tour was a competition with twenty-seven road cycling events throughout the 2025 women's cycling season. The competition began with the Women's Tour Down Under from 17 to 19 January, and finished with the Tour of Guangxi on 19 October. It was the tenth edition of the UCI Women's World Tour – launched by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) in 2016 – but for the first time was not a ranking competition in its own right, with the rankings having been removed from the UCI's Road Race regulations.

At the end of the season, Dutch rider Demi Vollering of FDJ–Suez led the overall road world rankings ahead of Dutch rider Lorena Wiebes of Team SD Worx–Protime (who won five World Tour events, the most of any rider) and Swiss rider Marlen Reusser of Movistar Team.
2018 CY2
2018 CY2 is an asteroid, classified as a near-Earth object of the Apollo group, with an estimated diameter of 59–190 metres (190–620 ft). It was first observed on 9 February 2018, by astronomers of the Catalina Sky Survey at Mount Lemmon Observatory, Arizona, during its close approach to Earth.

Catalina Sky Survey
Catalina Sky Survey (CSS; obs. codes: 703 and G96) is an astronomical survey to discover comets and asteroids. It is conducted at the Steward Observatory's Catalina Station, located near Tucson, Arizona, in the United States.

CSS focuses on the search for near-Earth objects, in particular on any potentially hazardous asteroid that may pose a threat of impact. Its counterpart in the southern hemisphere was the Siding Spring Survey (SSS), closed in 2013 due to loss of funding. CSS supersedes the photographic Bigelow Sky Survey.
With All Due Respect (TV program)
With All Due Respect is an American television series broadcast by Bloomberg Television, featuring Mark Halperin and John Heilemann. On October 6, 2014, the series began airing weekdays at 5 pm ET on Bloomberg Television, with repeats at 8 pm ET. The show re-aired weekdays at 6 pm ET on MSNBC.  Each weekday, Halperin and Heilemann took an irreverent look at the presidential race, including their own observations and those of guest reporters and political figures.

On November 17, 2016, with the presidential election season over, the series was cancelled. The last regular show aired on December 2, 2016. Five final special episodes aired on the week of the inauguration of Donald Trump.

In 2016, Donny Deutsch co-hosted several episodes with Halperin and Heilemann.

Bloomberg Television
Bloomberg Television (on-air as Bloomberg) is an American business news channel focusing on business and capital market programming, owned by diversified information and media private company Bloomberg L.P. It is distributed globally, reaching over 310 million homes worldwide. It is headquartered in New York City, with European headquarters in London and Asian headquarters in Hong Kong (Greater China and Northeast Asia) and Singapore (ASEAN Region), respectively.
Kalkatungic languages
Kalkatungic is a branch of the Pama–Nyungan family,

Kalkatungu,

Yalarnnga.

The two languages are not close; Dixon treats them as separate families.  A Wakabunga language is often included based on a word list that turned out to be mislabeled Kalkatungu.

Wakabunga language
Wakabunga (Wurgabunga) is an extinct and probably unattested Australian Aboriginal language of Queensland. The one word list labeled as 'Wakabunga' by some is considered by other sources to be of Kalkatungu. It is commonly classified with Wagaya and Warluwarra.
Highspire, Pennsylvania
Highspire is a borough in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 2,741 at the 2020 census, an increase over the figure of 2,399 tabulated in 2010. It is part of the Harrisburg–Carlisle Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Harrisburg–Carlisle metropolitan area
The Harrisburg–Carlisle metropolitan statistical area, officially the Harrisburg–Carlisle, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area, and also referred to as the Susquehanna Valley, is defined by the Office of Management and Budget as an area consisting of three counties in South Central Pennsylvania, anchored by the cities of Harrisburg and Carlisle.

As of the 2020 census, the metropolitan statistical area (MSA) had a population of 591,712, making it the fourth-most-populous metropolitan area in Pennsylvania, after the Delaware Valley, Greater Pittsburgh, and the Lehigh Valley.

Since 2012, it has been defined as part of the Harrisburg–York–Lebanon combined statistical area, which also includes York, Lebanon, and Adams counties.
Early flying machines
Early flying machines include all forms of aircraft studied or constructed before the development of the modern aeroplane by 1910. The story of modern flight begins more than a century before the first successful manned aeroplane, and the earliest aircraft thousands of years before.

Robert brothers
Les Frères Robert were two French brothers. Anne-Jean Robert (1758–1820) and Nicolas-Louis Robert  (1760–1828) were the engineers who built the world's first hydrogen balloon for professor Jacques Charles, which flew from central Paris on 27 August 1783. They went on to build the world's first manned hydrogen balloon, and on 1 December 1783 Nicolas-Louis  accompanied Jacques Charles on a 2-hour, 5-minute flight. Their barometer and thermometer made it the first balloon flight to provide meteorological measurements of the atmosphere above the Earth's surface.

The brothers subsequently experimented with an elongated elliptical shape for the hydrogen envelope in a balloon they attempted  to power and steer by means of oars and umbrellas. In September 1784 the brothers flew 186 km from Paris to Beuvry, the world's first flight of more than 100 km.
1961 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship
The 1961 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship was the 74th staging of the Dublin Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Dublin County Board in 1887.

St Vincent's entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 11 June 1961 at Croke Park in Dublin, between University College Dublin and St Vincent's, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. University College Dublin won the match by 3–09 to 1–09 to claim their fourth championship title overall and a first title in 13 years.

1960 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship
The 1960 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship was the 73rd staging of the Dublin Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Dublin County Board in 1887.

New Irelands entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 3 July 1960 at Croke Park in Dublin, between St Vincent's and New Irelands, in what was their second consecutive meeting in the final. St Vincent's won the match by 3–10 to 2–06 to claim their fifth championship title overall and a first title in three years.
Rocca San Casciano
Rocca San Casciano (Romagnol: La Ròca or Roca San Casiân) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Forlì-Cesena in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Bologna and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southwest of Forlì.

Forlì
Forlì (/fɔːrˈliː/ for-LEE; Italian: [forˈli] ⓘ; Romagnol: Furlè [furˈlɛ]; Latin: Forum Livii) is a comune (municipality) and city in Emilia-Romagna, Northern Italy, and is, together with Cesena, the capital of the Province of Forlì-Cesena.

The city is situated along the Via Emilia, to the east of the Montone river, and is an important agricultural centre. The city hosts some of Italy's culturally and artistically significant landmarks; it is also notable as the birthplace of painters Melozzo da Forlì and Marco Palmezzano, humanist historian Flavio Biondo, physicians Geronimo Mercuriali and Giovanni Battista Morgagni. The University Campus of Forlì (part of the University of Bologna) is specialized in Economics, Engineering, Medicine, Political Sciences as well as the Advanced school of Modern Languages for Interpreters and Translators (SSLMIT).
Microbarom
In acoustics, microbaroms, also known as the "voice of the sea", are a class of atmospheric infrasonic waves generated in marine storms by a non-linear interaction of ocean surface waves with the atmosphere. They typically have narrow-band, nearly sinusoidal waveforms with amplitudes up to a few microbars, and wave periods near 5 seconds (0.2 hertz). Due to low atmospheric absorption at these low frequencies, microbaroms can propagate thousands of kilometers in the atmosphere, and can be readily detected by widely separated instruments on the Earth's surface.

Sine wave
A sine wave, sinusoidal wave, or sinusoid (symbol: ∿) is a periodic wave whose waveform (shape) is the trigonometric sine function. In mechanics, as a linear motion over time, this is simple harmonic motion; as rotation, it corresponds to uniform circular motion. Sine waves occur often in physics, including wind waves, sound waves, and light waves, such as monochromatic radiation. In engineering, signal processing, and mathematics, Fourier analysis decomposes general functions into a sum of sine waves of various frequencies, relative phases, and magnitudes.

When any two sine waves of the same frequency (but arbitrary phase) are linearly combined, the result is another sine wave of the same frequency; this property is unique among periodic waves. Conversely, if some phase is chosen as a zero reference, a sine wave of arbitrary phase can be written as the linear combination of two sine waves with phases of zero and a quarter cycle, the sine and cosine components, respectively.
Juan Manuel Oliva
Juan Manuel Oliva Ramírez (born March 21, 1960 León, Guanajuato) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party PAN who served as Governor of Guanajuato from 2006 to 2012.

Juan Manuel Oliva, a journalist who studied at the Escuela de Periodismo Carlos Septién García, initiated his professional career as a reporter for several newspapers of the region of the Bajío and other parts of the country.

Member of the PAN from 1989, has held diverse positions within the state structure, he has been state President of the National Action Party and has been civil employee of the Municipal Government of León. Oliva has served in the upper house of the Mexican Congress and served as general secretary of Governor Juan Carlos Romero.

Juan Carlos Romero Hicks
Juan Carlos Romero Hicks (born 10 December 1955) is a Mexican politician and elected official, member of the National Action Party (PAN), and a Federal Senator since 29 August 2012. He was the director general of the National Science and Technology Council (CONACyT) from 2006 to 2011. He served as governor of Guanajuato from 2000 to 2006. From 1991 to 1999 he served as chancellor of the University of Guanajuato.
Damascening
Damascening is the art of inlaying different metals into one another—typically, gold or silver into a darkly oxidized steel background—to produce intricate patterns similar to niello. The English term comes from a perceived resemblance to the rich tapestry patterns of damask silk. The term is also used to describe the use of inlaid copper interconnects in integrated circuits. As its name suggests, damascene gets its name from Damascus, Syria and the ancient artisans that created and exported this craft.

Damask
Damask (/ˈdæməsk/; Arabic: دمشق) is a woven, reversible patterned fabric. Damasks are woven by periodically reversing the action of the warp and weft threads. The pattern is most commonly created with a warp-faced satin weave and the ground with a weft-faced or sateen weave.

True damask is made entirely of silk. Over time, however, damask has become a broader term for woven fabrics with a reversible pattern, not just silks. Yarns now used to create damasks include silk, wool, linen, cotton, and synthetic fibers, but damask is best shown in cotton and linen.

There are a few types of damask: true, single, compound, and twill. Single damask has only one set of warps and wefts and thus is made of up to two colors. Compound damask has more than one set of warps and wefts and can include more than two colors. Twill damasks include a twill-woven ground or pattern.
Mohammad Alavi Gorgani
Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Mohammad Ali Hosseini Alavi Gorgani (Persian: سيد محمد على حسينى علوى گرگانى; March 1940 – 15 March 2022) was an Iranian Twelver Shi'a marja.

He was born in a religious family in Najaf, Iraq. He rose to a leading scholar in Najaf, and moved to Qom after the fall of Pahlavi Iran in 1979. Ayatollah Alavi Gorgani studied under the late Ayatollah Bourujerdi, Ayatollah Khomeni, Ayatollah Mohammad Ali Araki, and Ayatollah Golpaygani.

Alavi Gorgani died on 15 March 2022.

Husayn Burujardi
Ayatollah Seyyed Hossein Ali Tabatabaei Borujerdi (Luri/Persian: آیت الله العظمی سید حسین طباطبایی بروجردی; 23 March 1875 – 30 March 1961) was an Iranian Twelver Shia cleric and marja' of Iran from 1947 to his death in 1961. He was a major proponent for the elimination of Baha'is in Iran.
Pine Creek Home
Pine Creek Home also known as Pine Creek Boys Home was a government run home in Pine Creek in the Northern Territory which operated from 1931 to 1933 which perpetrated the Stolen Generations. The home was initially established to reduce overcrowding at the Myilly Point Home, just outside the Kahlin Compound, in Darwin. During this period it housed only boys and, when the home closed, they were primarily moved to The Bungalow in Alice Springs.

The home briefly reopened, for a few months, in late 1940 as a place for Aboriginal children who were being transferred from government institutions to various missions. It was also used in 1942 as temporary accommodation for people that were being evacuated from the region following the Bombing of Darwin.

Kahlin Compound
Kahlin Compound was an institution for part-Aboriginal people in Darwin in the Northern Territory of Australia between 1913 and 1939. After 1924, "half-caste" children were separated from their parents and other adults and moved to an institution at Myilly Point.
Order of precedence in the Catholic Church
Precedence signifies the right to enjoy a prerogative of honor before other persons; for example, to have the most distinguished place in a procession, a ceremony, or an assembly, to have the right to express an opinion, cast a vote, or append a signature before others, to perform the most honorable offices.

The order of precedence in the Catholic Church is organized by rank within the hierarchy according first to order, then jurisdiction, and finally to titular or ad personam honors granted to individuals despite a lack of jurisdiction. Emeritus ecclesiastics are counted among the latter.

Personal prelature
A personal prelature is an institution of the Catholic Church which comprises clergy, and optionally laity, under the jurisdiction of a prelate, which undertakes specific pastoral activities. Along with dioceses, and later military ordinariates, personal prelatures were originally under care of the Vatican's Congregation for Bishops, but since 4 August 2022, personal prelatures have been placed under care of the Dicastery for the Clergy. Unlike dioceses, which cover territories for the ordinary pastoral care of the faithful, personal prelatures minister to persons according to some specific pastoral goals, regardless of where they live.
The first personal prelature is Opus Dei.
Lincoln green
Lincoln green is the colour of dyed woollen cloth formerly originating in Lincoln, England, a major cloth town during the high Middle Ages. The dyers of Lincoln, known for colouring wool with woad to give it a strong blue shade, created the eponymous Lincoln green by overdyeing this blue wool with yellow weld or dyers' broom. Other colours like "Coventry blue" and "Kendal green" were linked to the dyers of different English towns.

Lincoln green is often associated with Robin Hood and his Merry Men in Sherwood Forest, Nottinghamshire.

Genista tinctoria
Genista tinctoria, the dyer's greenweed or dyer's broom, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. Its other common names include dyer's whin, waxen woad and waxen wood. The Latin specific epithet tinctoria means "used as a dye".
State Bank Tower
The State Bank Tower is a high-rise building in the capital city of Mauritius, Port Louis. The 16-storey tower contrary to popular belief, is not the tallest building in Port Louis. It is the fourth tallest building and only steel-frame skeleton high-rise on the island.

It was designed by Campbell Reith Hill. In February 1994, it was damaged by cyclone Hollanda which hit Mauritius with windspeeds of over 200 km/h when the building's construction tower crane smashed and tore on the high-rise. The 82 m-tall (269 ft) tower, hosting mostly offices, was finally inaugurated in 1995.

Port Louis
Port Louis (French: Port-Louis, [pɔʁ lwi] ⓘ; Mauritian Creole: Porlwi, [poːlwi]) is the capital and most populous city of Mauritius, mainly located in the Port Louis District, with a small western part in the Black River District. Port Louis is the country's financial and political centre. It is administered by the Municipal City Council of Port Louis. According to the 2018 census conducted by Statistics Mauritius, the population was 147,066.