hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vanishing moment
Vanishing moments are a fundamental concept in wavelet theory, signal processing, and functional analysis. They describe a property of a wavelet or function, wherein certain integrals of the function against polynomial terms up to a specific degree vanish. This property is crucial in determining the ability of a wavelet to represent and compress signals effectively. It is used to evaluate whether the mother wavelet effectively captures high-frequency components of a signal.

Signal processing
Signal processing is an electrical engineering subfield that focuses on analyzing, modifying and synthesizing signals, such as sound, images, potential fields, seismic signals, altimetry processing, and scientific measurements. Signal processing techniques are used to optimize transmissions, digital storage efficiency, correcting distorted signals, improve subjective video quality, and to detect or pinpoint components of interest in a measured signal.
Erg Admer
The Erg Admer is a large erg or field of sand dunes in the Sahara Desert. Situated in the Illizi Province west of the oasis town of Djanet in south-eastern Algeria, the erg covers an area some 20 km wide by some 100 km large north to south. It originates in the centre of Tassili n'Ajjer, towards Essendilène and extends southwards to reach Ténéré at the Niger border.

Assemblages of lithic industry have been discovered, such as Acheulean and Aterian hand axes. To the east of Erg Admer there is the Tighaghart, which is famous for La vache qui pleure rock engravings.

Tassili n'Ajjer
Tassili n'Ajjer (Berber: Tassili n Ajjer, Arabic: طاسيلي ناجر, romanized: ṭāssīlī naʾjir; "Plateau of rivers") is a mountain range in the Sahara desert, located in south-eastern Algeria. It holds one of the most important groupings of prehistoric cave art in the world and covers an area of more than 72,000 km2 (28,000 sq mi).

The site has been designated a national park and a Biosphere Reserve, and was inducted into the UNESCO World Heritage Site list in 1982.

The literal English translation of Tassili n'Ajjer is 'plateau of rivers'.
Terumah (parashah)
Terumah, Terumoh, Terimuh, or Trumah (תְּרוּמָה‎—Hebrew for "gift" or "offering," the twelfth word and first distinctive word in the parashah) is the nineteenth weekly Torah portion (פָּרָשָׁה‎, parashah) in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the seventh in the Book of Exodus. The parashah tells of God's instructions to make the Tabernacle and its furnishings. The parashah constitutes Exodus 25:1–27:19. It is made up of 4,692 Hebrew letters, 1,145 Hebrew words, 96 verses, and 155 lines in a Torah Scroll (Sefer Torah). Jews in the Diaspora read it the nineteenth Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in February and rarely in early March.

Union for Reform Judaism
The Union for Reform Judaism (URJ), formerly known as the Union of American Hebrew Congregations (UAHC) until 2003, founded in 1873 by Rabbi Isaac Mayer Wise, is the congregational arm of Reform Judaism in North America. The other two arms established by Rabbi Wise are the Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion and the Central Conference of American Rabbis. The current president of the URJ is Rabbi Rick Jacobs.

The URJ has an estimated constituency of some 880,000 registered adults in 819 congregations. It claims to represent 2.2 million, as over a third of adult American Jews, including many who are not synagogue members, state affinity with Reform, making it the largest Jewish denomination.  The UAHC was a founding member of the World Union for Progressive Judaism, of which the URJ is the largest constituent by far.
Robert Bruegmann
Robert Bruegmann is an historian of architecture, landscape and the built environment. He is a professor at the University of Illinois at Chicago, and a specialist on the Chicago school of architecture. Bruegmann is best known for his research on the architectural firm of Holabird & Root, and is also a commentator on urban sprawl.

Chicago school (architecture)
The Chicago School refers to two architectural styles derived from the architecture of Chicago. In the history of architecture, the first Chicago School was a school of architects active in Chicago in the late 19th, and at the turn of the 20th century. They were among the first to promote the new technologies of steel-frame construction in commercial buildings, and developed a spatial esthetic which co-evolved with, and then came to influence, parallel developments in European Modernism. Much of its early work is also known as Commercial Style.

A "Second Chicago School" with a modernist esthetic emerged in the 1940s through 1970s, which pioneered new building technologies and structural systems, such as the tube-frame structure.
Chertsey, New Zealand
Chertsey is a town in the Ashburton District, of New Zealand's South Island. It is located close to State Highway 1, which bypasses the town to the west, between Ashburton and Rakaia on the Canterbury Plains.

Ashburton District
Ashburton District is a territorial authority district in the Canterbury Region of the South Island of New Zealand. It encompasses the town of Ashburton, a number of small towns and settlements and the surrounding rural area, roughly coterminous with Mid Canterbury. The district had a population of 37,400 as of June 2025.
Stan Turner (news anchor)
Stan Turner (August 18, 1944 – September 21, 2025) was an American news presenter who was the main anchor at KSTP-TV Minneapolis/St. Paul during the 1980s. Prior to joining KSTP-TV in 1968, Turner had worked at both KDWB-AM and KSTP-AM. In 1989 Turner became main anchor at KSTP-TV's parent company Hubbard Broadcasting's All News Channel a position he held until the channel went off the air in 2002.

From 2004 to 2011, Turner was news director, reporter, and newscaster with the MNN Radio Network. In 2009, he was inducted into the Pavek Museum of Broadcasting's Hall of Fame. Turner died from cancer on September 21, 2025, at the age of 81.

Pavek Museum of Broadcasting
The Pavek Museum is a museum in St. Louis Park, Minnesota, that has one of the world's most significant collections of vintage radio and television equipment. It originated in the collection of Joe Pavek, who began collecting unique radios while he was an instructor at the Dunwoody Institute in 1946. Students then were given old radios to disassemble, and Pavek was concerned about what might be destroyed in the process.
1995 African Women's Championship
The 1995 African Women's Championship was the second edition of the African women's football tournament organized by the Confederation of African Football to determine its single qualifier for the 1995 FIFA Women's World Cup, which eventually went to Nigeria.

Eight teams were initially scheduled to play in this edition of the tournament, but two withdrew. This was the second and final edition of the tournament to be played on a home-and-away knockout basis, as CAF upgraded and rechristen the tournament to full-scale with the introduction of a group stage from the following edition onwards.

1998 African Women's Championship
The 1998 African Women's Championship was the 3rd edition of the biennial African Women's Championship tournament organised by the Confederation of African Football (CAF). Since this edition, the tournament has been organized biennially and was hosted by a country unlike the previous two editions.

It was hosted from 17 to 31 October by Nigeria whose women's team successfully defended its title, winning it for a 3rd time after beating Ghana 2–0 in the final. Both finalists qualified for the following year's FIFA Women's World Cup in the United States.
Adwalton
Adwalton is a village in the City of Leeds metropolitan borough, West Yorkshire, England. It is 6 miles (9.7 km) south west of Leeds and is now generally regarded as part of the larger village of Drighlington. It is in the BD11 (Bradford) postcode area. The population of the village at the 2011 Census was only limited. It is included in the Morley, West Yorkshire ward of Leeds City Council, and the Morley and Outwood UK parliamentary constituency.

It is notable as the site of the Battle of Adwalton Moor in 1643; an event of the First English Civil War.

City of Leeds
The City of Leeds, also known officially as Leeds, is a metropolitan borough with city status in West Yorkshire, England. It occupies the north east of the county and includes Leeds and its surrounding towns, including Wetherby, Garforth, Morley, and Otley. The borough had an estimated population of 845,189 in 2024, making it the second largest district in England by population after Birmingham.

The borough was created in 1974 as part of a reform of local government in England. It is one of five metropolitan boroughs within the metropolitan county of West Yorkshire, which was created at the same time. Local government was shared between Leeds City Council and West Yorkshire County Council until 1985, when the county council was abolished and the city council took on its responsibilities. The city council is a member of the West Yorkshire Combined Authority, a strategic body for the county.
Unulf of Spoleto
Unulf (or Unnolf) was possible a Duke of Spoleto briefly in 752. He is recorded to have reigned for a few years, but this is uncertain. Aistulf, the king, took the duchy into his hands sometime (either immediately or after a brief period corresponding to Unulf's reign) after the death of Lupus.

Aistulf
Aistulf (also Ahistulf, Haistulfus, Astolf etc.; Latin: Aistulfus, Italian: Astolfo; died December 756) was the Duke of Friuli from 744, King of the Lombards from 749, and Duke of Spoleto from 751. His reign was characterized by ruthless and ambitious efforts to conquer Roman territory to the extent that in the Liber Pontificalis, he is described as a "shameless" Lombard given to "pernicious savagery" and cruelty.
Empress Dayi
Empress Dayi, known during her life as Lady Wang, was a concubine of Sun Quan, the founding emperor of the state of Eastern Wu and mother of heir Sun He during the Three Kingdoms period of China. She would lose favor due to the slanders of another and died.

Sun Ba
Sun Ba (before 235 - September or October 250), courtesy name Ziwei, was an imperial prince of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was the fourth son of Sun Quan, the founding emperor of Eastern Wu.
2016 FIBA U16 European Championship
The 2016 FIBA U16 European Championship was the 30th edition of the European Under-16 Basketball Championship. Sixteen teams participated in the competition, held in Radom, Poland, from 12 to 20 August 2016. Bosnia and Herzegovina, the defending champions, were relegated to the 2017 Division B.

FIBA U16 EuroBasket
The FIBA U16 EuroBasket, formerly the FIBA U16 European Championship, and originally the FIBA European Championship for Cadets is an annual men's youth basketball competition contested by the under-16 national teams from FIBA Europe.

The inaugural tournament was in 1971, and was held biennially until 2003. Since 2004, the competition has been played every year. The tournament serves as qualification for the FIBA Under-17 World Cup in odd numbered years. The current champions are Serbia.
The Nativity Story
The Nativity Story is a 2006 American biblical drama film based on the nativity of Jesus and directed by Catherine Hardwicke. The film stars Keisha Castle-Hughes, Oscar Isaac, Hiam Abbass, Shaun Toub, Alexander Siddig, Ciarán Hinds, and Shohreh Aghdashloo.

The Nativity Story premiered in Vatican City on November 26, 2006, making it the first film to hold a world premiere in the city, and was released in the United States on December 1, 2006, by New Line Cinema. The film received mixed reviews from critics and grossed over $46 million worldwide.

Elizabeth, mother of John the Baptist
Elizabeth was the mother of John the Baptist, the wife of Zechariah and a relative of Mary, mother of Jesus, according to the Gospel of Luke. She was past normal child-bearing age when she conceived and gave birth to John. She is revered as a saint by the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and Lutheran churches, in addition to being a highly respected figure in Islam.
Pajaree Anannarukarn
Pajaree Anannarukarn (Thai: ปาจรีย์ อนันต์นฤการ; RTGS: Pachari Anannaruekan; born 30 May 1999) is a Thai professional golfer who has played on the LPGA Tour since 2019. She won her first LPGA event at the 2021 ISPS Handa World Invitational.

Thai LPGA Tour
The Thai LPGA Tour is a professional golf tour for women organized by the Thailand Ladies Professional Golf Association.

Founded in 2008, the Thai LPGA Tour initially hosted 4-6 professional events per year from 2009 to 2012. In 2013, with support from the Sports Authority of Thailand and private sponsors, the tour expanded to eight events. From 2017 to 2019, the season-ending tournament, Thailand LPGA Masters, was co-sanctioned with the ALPG Tour and China LPGA Tour, and awarded Women's World Golf Rankings points.

In December 2022, the Thai LPGA Tour was officially included in the Women's World Golf Rankings. The tour has been accumulating ranking points since 2023, starting with the BGC Championship.
Agnes Heineken
Sara Agnes Heineken (13 July 1872 – 5 July 1954) was a secondary school teacher who became a prominent women's rights advocate. Deemed politically unreliable in 1933, she was deprived of her public appointments in the education sector, but after 1945 she returned to the public stage, taking a lead in restoring the education system. An obituary described her as a great organiser and an impressive personality, and a woman who, driven by her powerful sense of social responsibility,  fought tirelessly for the education of girls and women, and for equal rights for women in society.

Bremen (state)
Bremen (German: [ˈbʁeːmən] ⓘ), officially the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (German: Freie Hansestadt Bremen; Low German: Free Hansestadt Bremen), is the smallest and least populous of Germany's 16 states. It is informally called Land Bremen ('State of Bremen'), although the term is sometimes used in official contexts. The state consists of the city of Bremen and its seaport exclave, Bremerhaven, surrounded by the larger state of Lower Saxony in northern Germany.
Piptothrix
Piptothrix is a genus of Mesoamerican plants in the tribe Eupatorieae within the family Asteraceae.

Species

Piptothrix areolaris (DC.) R.M.King & H.Rob. - from Chihuahua to El Salvador

Piptothrix jaliscensis B.L.Rob. - Jalisco

Piptothrix palmeri A.Gray - Chihuahua

Piptothrix pubens A.Gray  - Jalisco

Piptothrix sinaloae S.F.Blake - Sinaloa

formerly included

see Ageratina Jaliscoa

Piptothrix aegiroides B.L.Rob. & Greenm. - Jaliscoa goldmanii (B.L.Rob.) R.M.King & H.Rob.

Piptothrix arizonica A.Nelson - Ageratina paupercula (A.Gray) R.M.King & H.Rob.

Piptothrix goldmanii B.L.Rob. - Jaliscoa goldmanii (B.L.Rob.) R.M.King & H.Rob.

Piptothrix paleacea Cronquist - Jaliscoa paleacea (Cronquist) R.M.King & H.Rob.

Ageratina
Ageratina, commonly known as snakeroot, is a genus of over 300 species of perennials and rounded shrubs in the family Asteraceae.

These plants grow mainly in the warmer regions of the Americas and West Indies. Over 150 species are native to Mexico. Some flourish in the cooler areas of the eastern United States. Two Mexican species have become a pest in parts of Australia and Taiwan. Ageratina used to belong to the genus Eupatorium, but it has been reclassified.

The genus name Ageratina means "like Ageratum" and consists of Ageratum and -ina, the feminine form of the Latin adjectival suffix -inus.
Mookuthi Amman
Mookuthi Amman (transl. Nose-ring goddess) is a 2020 Indian Tamil-language fantasy comedy film written and directed by RJ Balaji in his directorial debut. Co-directed by N. J. Saravanan, the film stars Nayanthara and Balaji, with Urvashi, Smruthi Venkat, Madhu Mailankody, Abinaya, Moulee and Ajay Ghosh in supporting roles. It revolves around a news anchor collaborating with the title character to expose a godman's fraudulence.

Filming took place between November 2019 and February 2020. The film was released on Disney+ Hotstar on 14 November 2020, during Diwali. A sequel titled Mookuthi Amman 2, with Nayanthara reprising her role, is in production.

Star Vijay
Star Vijay is an Indian Tamil language general entertainment pay television channel owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Viacom18 and Disney India. The channel telecasts programmes such as serials, reality shows & Tamil films.
Svarvarnuten
Svarvarnuten is a mountain in the municipality of Valle in Agder county, Norway. The 1,378-metre (4,521 ft) tall mountain is located in the Setesdalsheiene mountains, about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) west of the village of Valle and about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) northwest of the village of Rysstad. The lake Botnsvatnet lies about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) west of the mountain.

Rysstad
Rysstad is a village in Valle municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located along the river Otra in the Setesdal valley. The Norwegian National Road 9 runs through the village. The village of Besteland lies about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) to the south and the villages of Brokke and Hovet lie about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the north.

Rysstad was the administrative centre of the old municipality of Hylestad which existed from 1915 until its dissolution in 1962. Hylestad Church is located in Rysstad. So is a graveyard, Hylestad kyrkjegard.
Stropharia coronilla
Stropharia coronilla, commonly known as the garland roundhead or garland stropharia, is a species of fungus.

The yellowish cap is up to 6 centimetres (2+1⁄4 in) wide. The gills are grayish and darken with age. The stem is up to 6 cm long and 1 cm thick. It resembles Agrocybe dura, some other members of its genus, plus some in Agaricus and Protostropharia.

Native to Europe and North America, it is considered poisonous.

Mushroom poisoning
Mushroom poisoning is poisoning resulting from the ingestion of mushrooms that contain toxic substances. Symptoms can vary from slight gastrointestinal discomfort to death in about 10 days. Mushroom toxins are secondary metabolites produced by the fungus.

Mushroom poisoning is usually the result of ingestion of wild mushrooms after misidentification of a toxic mushroom as an edible species. The most common reason for this misidentification is a close resemblance in terms of color and general morphology of the toxic mushrooms species with edible species. To prevent mushroom poisoning, mushroom gatherers familiarize themselves with the mushrooms they intend to collect, as well as with any similar-looking toxic species. The safety of eating wild mushrooms may depend on methods of preparation for cooking. Some toxins, such as amatoxins, are thermostable and mushrooms containing such toxins will not be rendered safe to eat by cooking.
Women's rights in Saudi Arabia
Women in Saudi Arabia have experienced many legal reforms since 2017, after facing fundamentalist Sahwa dominance for decades. However, according to Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International, Saudi women are still discriminated against in terms to marriage, family, and divorce despite the reforms, and the Saudi government continues to target and repress women's rights activists and movements. Prominent feminist campaigns include the Women to Drive Movement and the anti male-guardianship campaign, which have led to significant advances in women's rights.

Women's societal roles in Saudi Arabia are heavily affected by Islamic and local traditions of the Arabian Peninsula. Wahhabism, the official version of Sunni Islam in Saudi Arabia, as well as traditions of the Arabian Peninsula and national and local laws all impact women's rights in Saudi Arabia.

Saudi anti male-guardianship campaign
The Saudi anti male-guardianship campaign is an ongoing campaign by Saudi women against the requirement under the law to obtain permission from their male guardian for activities such as getting a job, travelling internationally or getting married. Wajeha al-Huwaider deliberately tried to travel internationally without male guardianship permission in 2009 and encouraged other women to do likewise. Women activists wrote a letter to the Saudi Minister of Labor and brought media attention to the issue in 2011. A 14,000-signature petition was given to royal authorities by Aziza al-Yousef in 2016 following a Human Rights Watch report on male guardianship. A crackdown against the activists took place in mid-May 2018, with 13 arrests as of 22 May 2018. Several of the women remained in prison as of December 2018. Some of the women activists were tortured, some of them in the supervision of Saud al-Qahtani, a close advisor of Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman.
Zalmai Wesa
Zalmay Wesa (Pashto: زلمي ويسا; born 1947) is an Afghan politician. Previously Governor of eastern Paktia Province, he was appointed Governor of Kandahar Province in May 2017 when the previous governor, Humayun Azizi, was injured in the January 2017 Afghanistan bombings.

Zalmai Wesa was born in 1947 in Arghandab, Kandahar, and is the elder brother of Toryalai Wesa, a former governor of Kandahar Province. He is a member of the Afghan communist Khalq Party and received his military education in Moscow in the late 1980s. In 2013 he held the rank of Major General with the 209th Corps.

Wesa was wounded in an assassination attempt by a bodyguard in October 2018, and was erroneously reported dead. The attack killed Abdul Raziq Achakzai, the police chief of Kandahar. The Taliban later claimed responsibility.

Humayun Azizi
Humayun Azizi (Pashto: ھمایون عزیزی) is an Afghan physician who served as governor of Kandahar Province, Afghanistan, from April 2015 until 2017. He has previously been state minister for parliamentary affairs. He has been Afghanistan's Ambassador to the Netherlands from 2017 to 2020 and currently the Afghan ambassador to France since 2020.
The Forge (Goya)
The Forge (Spanish: La fragua) is a c. 1817 painting by Francisco Goya (1746–1828), today housed in the Frick Collection in New York City. The large oil on canvas represents three blacksmiths toiling over an anvil, and has been described by the art historian Fred Licht as "undoubtedly the most complete statement of Goya's late style."

Michael Fried
Michael Martin Fried (born April 12, 1939 in New York City) is a modernist art critic and art historian. He studied at Princeton University and Harvard University and was a Rhodes Scholar at Merton College, Oxford. He is the J.R. Herbert Boone Professor Emeritus of Humanities and Art History at the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.

Fried's contribution to art historical discourse involved the debate over the origins and development of modernism. Along with Fried, this debate's interlocutors include other theorists and critics such as Clement Greenberg, T. J. Clark, and Rosalind Krauss.  From the early 1960s, he was also close to philosopher Stanley Cavell.

Fried was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1985 and the American Philosophical Society in 2003.