hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Equb
Equb, Iqub or Ekub  ( Tigrinya: እቁብ) is a rotating savings and credit association of people in Eritrean and Ethiopian cultures with the aim of mobilizing resources and distributing them. It is distinguished from Eder by duration of time; Equb is temporary or permanent, while Eder is long-term association. Like Eder, Equb is a cooperative social institution, which helps for funeral insurance where community members elect their leaders, contribute resources either in kind or in cash and support the mourning member.

In Konso community, Equb dominates other financial establishments of micro and small enterprises, expansion and their working capital finance, followed by personal saving, families and relatives.

Financial capital
Financial capital (also simply known as capital or equity in finance, accounting and economics) is any economic resource measured in terms of money used by entrepreneurs and businesses to buy what they need to make their products or to provide their services to the sector of the economy upon which their operation is based (e.g. retail, corporate, investment banking). In other words, financial capital is internal retained earnings generated by the entity or funds provided by lenders (and investors) to businesses in order to purchase real capital equipment or services for producing new goods or services.

In contrast, real capital comprises physical goods that assist in the production of other goods and services (e.g. shovels for gravediggers, sewing machines for tailors, or machinery and tooling for factories).
Didier Vermeiren
Didier Vermeiren (born 10 July 1951) is a Belgian sculptor.

His first works, in the 1970s, stood at the crossroads of conceptual art, minimal art and the tradition of modern sculpture. Afterwards, the photographical documentation of his own work became more and more significant, until it became an entire aspect of it, photographs and sculptures responding to each other and generating new works all the while.

Didier Vermeiren lives and work in Paris and Brussels. He has been teaching since 2002 at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf in Germany and since 1991 at De Ateliers, Amsterdam (Netherlands). He is a member of the board of the Musée Rodin (Paris).

Minimalism (visual arts)
Minimalism describes movements in various forms of art and design, especially visual art and music, where the work is set out to expose the essence, essentials or identity of a subject through eliminating all non-essential forms, features or concepts. As a specific movement in the arts it is identified with developments in post–World War II Western Art, most strongly with American visual arts in the 1960s and early 1970s. Minimalism is often interpreted as a reaction to abstract expressionism and a bridge to postminimal art practices. Prominent artists associated with this movement include Sol LeWitt, Ad Reinhardt, Nassos Daphnis, Tony Smith, Donald Judd, John McCracken, Agnes Martin, Dan Flavin, Robert Morris, Larry Bell, Anne Truitt, Yves Klein and Frank Stella. Artists themselves have sometimes reacted against the label due to the negative implication of the work being simplistic.
Herbert Rawson
Colonel Herbert Edward Rawson CB (3 September 1852 – 18 October 1924) was an English British Army officer and footballer who played once for England, and appeared in two FA Cup finals, winning the cup in 1875 as a member of Royal Engineers A.F.C.

Rawson served with the Royal Engineers (RE) in South Africa during the Second Boer War and later commanded the Royal Engineers in the colony. He was later a staff officer commanding the RE in the north of England.

FA Cup Final
The FA Cup Final is the last match in the Football Association Challenge Cup. It has regularly been one of the most attended domestic football events in the world, with an official attendance of 89,472 at the 2017 final. The Final is the culmination of a knockout competition among clubs belonging to The Football Association in England, although Scottish and Irish teams competed in the early years and Welsh teams regularly compete, with Cardiff City winning the Cup in 1927 and reaching the final in 1925 and 2008. From 1923 until 2000 it was played mostly at the original Wembley Stadium, from 2000 to 2006 at the Millennium Stadium, Cardiff, and has been played at the current Wembley Stadium since 2007.

As of 2025, 144 FA Cup Finals have been played.

Victory in the final is one of the ways teams can qualify for the UEFA Europa League of the following season.
Penns, Mississippi
Penns, also known as Penn or Penns Station, is an unincorporated community in Lowndes County, Mississippi. Penns is located south of Artesia on U.S. Route 45.

Penns is located on the Kansas City Southern Railway. In 1900, the community had a population of 100. In 1918, the Mobile and Ohio Railroad closed their station in Penns.

A post office operated under the name Penns from 1888 to 1920.

The Penn Company operated an apiary in Penns and shipped queen bees throughout the United States. Hay and lumber were also shipped from Penns.

U.S. Route 45
U.S. Route 45 (US 45) is a major north-south United States highway and a border-to-border route, from Lake Superior to the Gulf of Mexico. A sign at the highway's northern terminus notes the total distance as 1,297 miles (2,087 km).

US 45 is notable for incorporating, in its maiden alignment, the first paved road in the South, a 49-mile (79 km) segment in Lee County, Mississippi. Let to contract in July 1914, the concrete highway opened on November 15, 1915.

As of 2006, the highway's northern terminus is in Ontonagon, Michigan, at the corner of Ontonagon and River Streets, a few blocks from Lake Superior (M-64 formerly terminated there as well until its rerouting in October 2006 to use the newly built Ontonagon River Bridge).  US 45's southern terminus is in Mobile, Alabama, at an intersection with U.S. Route 98.
1966 Campeonato Nacional Primera División
The 1966 Campeonato Nacional de Fútbol Profesional, was the 34th season of top-flight football in Chile. Universidad Católica won their fourth title following a 4–2 win against Unión San Felipe on the 32nd matchday, also qualifying for the 1967 Copa Libertadores.

1967 Copa Libertadores
The 1967 Copa Libertadores de América was the eighth edition of the Copa Libertadores, where 20 club teams from South American nations competed to be the champion.

The tournament was divided into three rounds; the first group stage, the second group stage, and the final. The tournament was won by Racing of Argentina who beat Nacional of Uruguay.
Wrecking Everything
Wrecking Everything is a 2002 live album by thrash metal band Overkill which is the counterpart to Wrecking Everything – An Evening in Asbury Park VHS/DVD. Recorded at The Paramount, Asbury Park, New Jersey on March 23, 2002. As of 2006, the album had sold over 5,300 copies and according to Bobby "Blitz" Ellsworth, the VHS/DVD has sold around 15,000–20,000 copies in the U.S.

Asbury Park, New Jersey
Asbury Park (/æzbɛri/) is a beachfront city located on the Jersey Shore in Monmouth County in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is part of the New York metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 15,188, a decrease of 928 (−5.8%) from the 2010 census count of 16,116, which in turn reflected a decline of 814 (−4.8%) from the 16,930 counted in the 2000 census.

In 2022, Asbury Park's beach was named one of the best in the world by Money and one of the best in the country by Travel + Leisure.

Asbury Park was originally incorporated as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 26, 1874, from portions of Ocean Township. The borough was reincorporated on February 28, 1893. Asbury Park was incorporated as a city, its current type of government, as of March 25, 1897.
A Sparrow from the East
A Sparrow from the East (Arabic: Usfur min Sharq) is a novel written by Egyptian author Tawfiq al-Hakim in 1938. It narrates the life of Muhasin, an Arab, in Paris, France, and his encounter with the Western modernity. It can be argued that the persona of Muhsin is similar to those of Tawfiq when he was in Paris in 1925 for doing his PhD.

Tawfiq al-Hakim
Tawfiq al-Hakim or Tawfik el-Hakim (Arabic: توفيق الحكيم, ALA-LC: Tawfīq el-Ḥakīm; October 9, 1898 – July 26, 1987) was an Egyptian writer. He is one of the pioneers of the Arabic novel and drama. The triumphs and failures that are represented by the reception of his enormous output of plays are emblematic of the issues that have confronted the Egyptian drama genre as it has endeavored to adapt its complex modes of communication to Egyptian society.
L'Œuf électrique
L'Œuf électrique (transl. The Electric Egg) was a futuristic prototype concept electric cyclecar designed in 1938, and built in 1942 by industrial designer Paul Arzens (1903-1990). It was acquired by the Musée des Arts et Métiers in Paris in 1993, and is currently at the Cité de l'Automobile in Mulhouse in Alsace.

Cité de l'Automobile
Musée National de l’Automobile, Collection Schlumpf is an automobile museum located in Mulhouse, France, and built around the Schlumpf Collection of classic automobiles. It has the largest displayed collection of automobiles and contains the largest and most comprehensive collection of Bugatti motor vehicles in the world.
2014 Trophée des Alpilles – Singles
Tennis singles was an event at the 2014 Trophée des Alpilles, the sixth iteration of the annual Trophée des Alpilles tennis tournament.

Nicolas Mahut won the all French final, beating Vincent Millot 6–7(3–7), 6–4, 6

Vincent Millot
Vincent Millot (French pronunciation: [vɛ̃sɑ̃ mijo]; born 30 January 1986, in Montpellier, France) is a French former professional tennis player. Despite never having reached the top 100, Millot has played at each of the four Grand Slam events.
Shadow RST-V
The Shadow RST-V (Reconnaissance, Surveillance, Targeting-Vehicle) was a reconnaissance vehicle program developed by General Dynamics Land Systems (GDLS) for the United States Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratory. The program was sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and the Office of Naval Research (ONR).

General Dynamics Land Systems
General Dynamics Land Systems (GDLS) is an American manufacturer of military vehicles, including tanks and light Armoured fighting vehicles. The company is based in Sterling Heights, Michigan, and is a subsidiary of General Dynamics.

It was originally established in 1982 following the acquisition of Chrysler Defense.

GDLS is known for developing and manufacturing vehicles such as the M1 Abrams tank, Stryker, and LAV 6.
Wahweveh
Wahweveh (Black Eagle) was a leader of the Oregon Walpapi Paiute (related to the Shoshone).  He was head war chief in the final phase of the Shoshoni Rebellion, known to Americans as the Sheepeater War of 1879.

Shoshone
The Shoshone or Shoshoni (/ʃoʊˈʃoʊni/ ⓘ shoh-SHOH-nee or /ʃəˈʃoʊni/ ⓘ shə-SHOH-nee), also known by the endonym Newe, are an Indigenous people of the United States with four large cultural/linguistic divisions:

Eastern Shoshone: Wyoming

Northern Shoshone: Southern Idaho

Western Shoshone: California, Nevada, and Northern Utah

Goshute:  western Utah, eastern Nevada

They traditionally speak the Shoshoni language, part of the Numic languages branch of the large Uto-Aztecan language family. The Shoshone were sometimes called the Snake Indians by neighboring tribes and early American explorers.

Their peoples have become members of federally recognized tribes throughout their traditional areas of settlement, often co-located with the Northern Paiute people of the Great Basin.
Travis Hall (rugby union)
Travis Hall (born 19 December 1972) is an Australian former professional rugby union player.

Born in Mount Isa, Hall played his early senior rugby with Sydney club Drummoyne, before crossing to Eastwood when the team got relegated. He toured the United Kingdom with the New South Wales Waratahs in 1997, but was largely on the sidelines due to a broken ankle suffered against London Irish. Over the next two seasons, Hall remained on the fringes of the side, behind Chris Whitaker and Sam Payne as the preferred scrum-half.

Hall signed with the ACT Brumbies in 1999 after being let go by the Waratahs. The understudy to George Gregan, Hall was at the Brumbies for four seasons, making 21 appearances in the Super 12. He contributed 13-points off his boot in their injury-time loss to the 2001 British Lions and was on the bench for the 2001 Super 12 grand final win.

Drummoyne DRFC
The Drummoyne District Rugby Football Club is a rugby union club based in Drummoyne, New South Wales, in Sydney, Australia. Its predecessor Glebe and Balmain Rugby Clubs are among the oldest in Australia and today it competes prominently in the First Division of the New South Wales Suburban Rugby Union.
Norman R. Stone Jr.
Norman R. Stone Jr. (September 8, 1935 – June 16, 2023) was an American politician and the longest-serving Senator in the Maryland State Senate. He held the distinction of being the only Maryland State Senator to have voted against both repealing the ban on interracial marriage, and permitting same-sex marriage. Stone served in the Maryland House of Delegates from 1963 to 1967. He was first elected to the State Senate in 1966. Stone was a member of the Maryland General Assembly for more than 50 years. Stone was a graduate of the Baltimore City College High School and the University of Baltimore Law School.

Baltimore City College
Baltimore City College, known colloquially as City, City College, and B.C.C., is a college preparatory school with a classical liberal arts focus in Baltimore, Maryland. Opened in October 1839, B.C.C. is one of oldest active public high schools in the United States. City College is a public exam school and an International Baccalaureate World School at which students in the ninth and tenth grades participate in the IB Middle Years Programme while students in the eleventh and twelfth grades participate in the IB Diploma Programme.

The school is situated on Collegian Hill, its  38 acres (0.15 km2) hilltop campus located in the Coldstream-Homestead-Montebello neighborhood in Northeast Baltimore. The main academic campus building, a designated National Historic Landmark, is constructed of granite and limestone in a Collegiate Gothic architectural style and features a 200-foot-tall (61 m) Gothic tower.
Gundapura, Gauribidanur
Gundapura is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. It is located in the Gauribidanur taluk of Chikkaballapura district in Karnataka. It is situated 4 km away from sub-district headquarter Gauribidanur and 37 km away from district headquarter Chikkaballapura.

Kannada is the official languages in Gundapura.

Chikkaballapur
Chikkaballapur or Chikkaballāpura is the district headquarters of the newly created Chikkaballapur district in the state of Karnataka, India, which was carved out from Kolar district. It is located within 3 km of Muddenahalli (the birthplace of eminent engineer and statesman Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvarayya). A $400 million Pharmaceutical SEZ is being constructed in Chikkaballapur on 325 acres (1.32 km2), the first of its kind in India.  Furthermore, the noted Traveler Bunglow is being converted into a state-of-the-art bus terminus. A new district government headquarters and police headquarters is being constructed at a cost of $5 million. In addition, the state government is releasing over $10 million to develop the city and expand underground sanitary systems. It is a regional transport and educational hub, and is a major site for grape, grain, and silk cultivation.
Säve-Söderbergh
Säve-Söderbergh is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gunnar Säve-Söderbergh (1910–1948), Swedish paleontologist and geologist

Torgny Säve-Söderbergh (1914–1998), Swedish archaeologist and Egyptologist

Torgny Säve-Söderbergh
Torgny Säve-Söderbergh (born 29 June 1914 in Lund; died 21 May 1998 in Uppsala) was a Swedish writer, translator, and professor of Egyptology at Uppsala University from 1950 to 1980. He was the younger brother of paleontologist Gunnar Säve-Söderbergh.
1,3,5-Triaza-7-phosphaadamantane
1,3,5-Triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA) is a chemical compound with the formula C6H12N3P, a product of the substitution of a nitrogen atom of hexamethylenetetramine with a phosphorus atom. It is soluble in water, methanol, trichloromethane, acetone, ethanol and DMSO, insoluble in hydrocarbon solvent.  As a reagent in organic synthesis, it is used as a ligand for transition metal complexes and as a catalyst for Baylis–Hillman reactions.

Dimethyl sulfoxide
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH3)2S=O. This colorless liquid is the sulfoxide most widely used commercially. It is an important polar aprotic solvent that dissolves both polar and nonpolar compounds and is miscible in a wide range of organic solvents as well as water. It has a relatively high boiling point. DMSO is metabolised to compounds that leave a garlic-like taste in the mouth after DMSO is absorbed by skin.

In terms of chemical structure, the molecule has idealized Cs symmetry. It has a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry consistent with other three-coordinate S(IV) compounds, with a nonbonded electron pair on the approximately tetrahedral sulfur atom.
Fantasia (wrestler)
Karen Simpson (born September 4, 1972), better known by her ring name Fantasia, is an American professional wrestler, trainer, promoter, and manager competing throughout North America in independent promotions, custom DVD companies, and the UK.

NWL Ladies Championship
The NWL Ladies Championship is the top women's professional wrestling title in the National Wrestling League promotion. It was created when Bambi defeated Heidi Lee Morgan to become first champion in 1990. The title was defended primarily in the Mid-Atlantic and East Coast, most often in Hagerstown, Maryland, but also in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. It was originally retired in 2003, reinstated as the NWL/HoPWF Ladies Championship in 2005 and the NWL Ladies Championship in 2007. There were 12 recognized known champions with a total of 21 title reigns.
Julia Wells
Julia Susannah Harris née Wells (5 August 1842 – 8 July 1911) is notable for having collected some significant botanical specimens in what is now the wheatbelt region of Western Australia. Amongst her collections is the type specimen of the endangered Acacia volubilis; the type specimen of the rare Acacia anarthros, and the earliest known collection of Banksia cuneata.

All of Wells' specimens are recorded as having been collected at "Boxvale". This is now a lost toponym; according to Bruce Maslin it was "somewhere E of York, perhaps near the Cubbine Hills between Cunderdin and Quairading". Wells' specimens are also undated, but are assumed to have been made in the 1870s or before, since they are attributed to her under the maiden name, and she married in 1880.

Acacia anarthros
Acacia anarthros is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a shrub with bipinnate leaves with 1 leaflet, each with 2 or 3 pairs of pinnules, spherical heads of 14 to 17 flowers, and narrowly oblong pods up to about 60 mm (2.4 in) long.
Bouchra Ghezielle
Bouchra Ghézielle, née Ben Thami (Arabic: بُشرا غزال; born 19 May 1979), is a Moroccan-French track and field athlete, now competing for France. She competes mainly on the 1500 m distance but also on 800 m and 3000 m distances.

Born in Khemisset, she competed at the 2004 Olympic Games for Morocco. She won the bronze medals at the 1998 African Championships, the 1998 World Junior Championships and the 2005 World Championships, and finished fourth at the 2005 World Athletics Final.

In 2008, she was found guilty of rh-EPO doping. The sample was delivered on 9 February 2008 in an out-of-competition test in Franconville. She received a suspension from May 2008 to May 2012.

Khemisset
Khemisset (Arabic: الخميسات) is a city in northern Morocco with a population of 131,542 recorded in the 2014 Moroccan census. It is situated on the A2 motorway between Rabat (81 km) and Meknès (57 km), and is the capital of Khémisset Province.

From 1912 to 1914 the French built a 600 mm narrow gauge railway from Rabat via Souk el Abra des Sehoul, Tiflet, Dar Caid Bou Driss to Khemisset. It was abandoned in 1935 and lifted before 1942. Between Tiflet and Khemisset, the old track bed of narrow gauge line  was later built to Rabat Khemisset main road.
1991 ATP Tour
The 1991 IBM ATP Tour was the elite tour for professional men's tennis organized by the ATP Tour. The IBM ATP Tour included the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Championship Series, Single-Week, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series and the ATP Tour World Championships. The World Team Cup, Davis Cup (organized by the ITF) and Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF) are included in this calendar but did not count towards the Tour.

ATP Masters 1000 tournaments
The ATP Masters 1000 tournaments, also known as Masters 1000 or ATP 1000 events, are an annual series of nine tennis tournaments featuring the top-ranked players on the ATP Tour since its inception in 1990. The ATP 1000 tournaments, sitting below the Grand Slam tournaments and the year-end championships, make up the most coveted trophies on the annual ATP Tour calendar. In addition to the quadrennial Summer Olympics, they are collectively known as the 'Big Titles'.
Novak Djokovic holds the record for the most ATP 1000 singles titles with 40. By completing the career set of all nine current ATP 1000 series singles titles in 2018, Djokovic became the first and only player to achieve the career Golden Masters. In 2020, Djokovic completed a second career Golden Masters.
In doubles, the Bryan brothers (Bob and Mike) won a record 39 doubles titles as a team. Daniel Nestor and the Bryan brothers are the only doubles players to achieve the career Golden Masters.
Montgomeryshire (UK Parliament constituency)
Montgomeryshire (Welsh: Sir Drefaldwyn) was a constituency in Wales represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament.

Created in 1542, it elected one Member of Parliament (MP), formerly known as the knight of the shire, by the first-past-the-post system of election. It was abolished following the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies prior to the 2024 general election and replaced by Montgomeryshire and Glyndŵr.

The Montgomeryshire Senedd constituency was created with the same boundaries in 1999 (as an Assembly constituency).

David Rowlands (politician)
David John Rowlands (born April 1948) is a former Welsh politician who was a Member of the Senedd (MS) for South Wales East from 2016 to 2021. Elected as an MS for  the UK Independence Party (UKIP), Rowlands joined the Brexit Party in 2019. 
He later joined the Independent Alliance for Reform group in the Senedd in October 2020.
Reactions of the Eastern Orthodox churches to the 2018 Moscow–Constantinople schism
On 15 October 2018, the Russian Orthodox Church broke the communion with the Ecumenical Patriarchate because of a dispute concerning the canonical jurisdiction over Ukraine. This led to the 2018 Moscow–Constantinople schism. Numerous Orthodox churches took position concerning the dispute over the canonical jurisdiction over Ukraine, whether before or after this schism.

Church of Cyprus
The Church of Cyprus (Greek: Ἐκκλησία τῆς Κύπρου, romanized: Ekklisia tis Kyprou) is one of the autocephalous Greek Orthodox churches that form part of the communion of the Eastern Orthodox Church. Based in Cyprus, it is one of the oldest Eastern Orthodox autocephalous churches; it claims to have always been independent, although it may have been subject to the Church of Antioch before its autocephaly was recognized in 431 at the Council of Ephesus. The bishop of the ancient capital, Salamis (renamed Constantia by Emperor Constantius II) was constituted metropolitan by Emperor Zeno, with the title archbishop.