hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Euthanasia in the United States
Active euthanasia is illegal in all 50 states of the United States. Assisted suicide is legal in twelve jurisdictions in the US: Washington, D.C. and the states of  California, Colorado, Delaware, Oregon, Vermont, New Mexico, Maine, New Jersey, Hawaii, Washington, New York and Montana. The status of assisted suicide is disputed in Montana, though currently authorized per the Montana Supreme Court's ruling in Baxter v. Montana that "nothing in Montana Supreme Court precedent or Montana statutes [indicates] that physician aid in dying is against public policy."

Baxter v. Montana
Baxter v. Montana, is a Montana Supreme Court case, argued on September 2, 2009, and decided on December 31, 2009, that addressed the question of whether the state's constitution guaranteed terminally ill patients a right to lethal prescription medication from their physicians. The Montana Supreme Court sidestepped the question of if medical aid in dying is guaranteed under Montana State Constitution, but it instead ruled, on narrower grounds, that neither legal precedent nor the state's statute deem such assistance to be against public policy or illegal. Montana is one of ten states in which aid in dying is authorized. The others are California, Colorado, Hawaii, Maine, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oregon, Vermont, and Washington; it is authorized in the District of Columbia as well.
Model Audit Rule 205
The Model Audit Rule 205, Model Audit Rule, or MAR 205 are the commonly applied terms for the Annual Financial Reporting Model Regulation.
Model Audit Rule is a financial reporting regulation applicable to insurance companies, and borrows significantly from the Sarbanes–Oxley Act of 2002 (see ‘key sections’ below). The Model Audit Rule is co-developed by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (“AICPA”) and National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) and issued by NAIC 
with revisions in 2006 and has taken effect in 2010.

The NAIC internal designation for the Annual Financial Reporting Model Regulation is MDL 205, where MDL stands for Model, and the number of the model rule is 205. 
Because the regulation was issued by NAIC, which is not a federal agency with direct regulatory power, its adoption is on a state-by-state basis.

National Association of Insurance Commissioners
The National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) is the U.S. standard-setting and regulatory support organization created and governed by the chief insurance regulators from the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and five U.S. territories.
Cerro Bertrand
Cerro Bertrand, Cerro Oasis or Agassiz Sur is a mountain in the mountain range of the Andes, located in the border between Argentina and Chile, in the region of Patagonia.

According to the study by glaciologist Cedomir Marangunic, the original location of Cerro Bertrand is that of Oasis/Agassiz Sur. Bertrand has been confused with Cerro Agassiz by Alberto María de Agostini and with Cerro Roma in the 1998 agreement.

The mountain is named after the Chilean geographer, Alejandro Bertrand.

Argentina–Chile border
The Argentina–Chile border is the longest international border of South America and the third longest in the world after the Canada–United States border and the Kazakhstan–Russia border. With a length of 5,308 kilometres (3,298 mi), it separates Argentina from Chile along the Andes and on the islands of Tierra del Fuego. However, there are some border disputes, particularly around the Southern Patagonian Ice Field. It is the largest border of the two countries, beating the Argentina–Paraguay and Chile–Bolivia, Argentina's and Chile's second largest borders, respectively.

Many crossings along the border are also mountain passes along the continental divide. In the far south and far north the border follows straight lines between summits or along parallels or meridians.
Tower Ticker
Tower Ticker was a column in the Chicago Tribune, and later a blog. It was originated by Jimmy Savage in 1948 and focused on "night life, show business, and the activities of people in the news".

It has been conducted by:

Jimmy Savage, 1948–1951 (credited as "Savage")

Will Leonard

Herb Lyon, 1954–1968

Robert Wiedrich

Aaron Gold ( –1983)

(hiatus)

Phil Rosenthal (column and blog) (2005–2011)

Column (periodical)
A column is a recurring article in a newspaper, magazine or other publication, in which a writer expresses their own opinion in a section allotted to them on a regular basis by the publication. The author of a column is a columnist.
Oosterflank metro station
Oosterflank is a station on Rotterdam Metro lines A and B, and is situated in the northeastern part of Rotterdam, in Prins Alexander borough. The station serves the Oosterflank neighbourhood, situated just east of the station.

This station was opened on 28 May 1983 when the East-West Line (also formerly the Caland line) was extended from its previous terminus Capelsebrug and is on a section that uses overhead wires to provide traction power.

There is interchange with RET-buslines 36 and 37.

Capelsebrug metro station
Capelsebrug is a station on lines A, B, and C of the Rotterdam Metro. The station is situated in the eastern part of Rotterdam in the Netherlands, at the boundary with Capelle aan den IJssel municipality. At Capelsebrug station, lines A and B turn north towards Schenkel station, while line C continues east towards Slotlaan station.

The westbound trains stop at either side of an island platform between two running tracks, while all eastbound trains share one platform.
Near the station there's a Cafetaria, and a supermarket.

This station was opened in 1982, and was the eastern terminus of the line (then called the Caland line), until it was extended towards Binnenhof station one year later. In 1994, the Capelle a/d IJssel branch (nowadays line C) was added, connecting Capelsebrug station with De Terp station.

On 9 September 2019, a man was stabbed to death by another man on the platform of the metro station. The stabbing followed a disagreement about travelling without a ticket.
Rhodacmea
Rhodacmea is a genus of small freshwater snails or limpets, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails and their allies.

Rhodacmea is the type genus of the subfamily Rhodacmeinae.

Rhodacmea filosa
Rhodacmea filosa, the wicker ancylid, is a species of small, air-breathing, freshwater snail or limpet, a pulmonate gastropod in the family Planorbidae.

Rhodacmea filosa is the type species of the genus Rhodacmea.
1988 Bearsden and Milngavie District Council election
The 1988 Bearsden and Milngavie District Council election Scotland took place on 5 May 1988, alongside elections to the councils of Scotland's various other districts. Each of the 10 wards elected a single member using the first-past-the-post voting system.

1988 Scottish local elections
Local elections were held in Scotland on 5 May 1988, to elect members to all 53 district councils under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973, which had established the two-tier system of regions and districts.
Synevyr National Nature Park
48°37′01″N 23°41′02″E﻿ / ﻿48.617°N 23.684°E﻿ / 48.617; 23.684

The Synevyr National Nature Park (Ukrainian: Національний парк «Синевир») is one of National Parks in Ukraine, located in Zakarpattia Oblast,  in southwest of the country. It was established in 1974 and covers an area of 40,400 hectares (100,000 acres). The Park has its headquarters in the town of Khust.

The park contains a varied flora and fauna. Its attractions include Synevyr lake, and a brown bear sanctuary.

Since July 13, 2017, the Darvaika, Kvasovets, Strymba and Vilshany sections of the Synevyr National Park have been included in the UNESCO World Heritage List as one of the massifs of beech primeval forests of the Carpathians and other regions of Europe.

National parks of Ukraine
National nature parks of Ukraine are preservation territories that are part of the Nature-Preservation Fund of Ukraine. The total area protected by national parks is approximately 1,111,600 hectares (11,116 km2), for an average of 22,685 hectares (226.85 km2) but a median of only 14,836 hectares (148.36 km2) at Zalissia. The largest national park is Podilski Tovtry in Khmelnytskyi Oblast at 80,178 hectares (801.78 km2) and the smallest park is Derman–Ostroh National Nature Park, at less than 5,500 hectares (55 km2).

This category of the Nature-Preservation Fund was mainly established after the fall of the Soviet Union. There were very few parks in Ukraine and most of them were in the West.
Fencing at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's épée
The women's épée competition in fencing at the 2012 Olympic Games in London was held on 30 July at the ExCeL Exhibition Centre.

Yana Shemyakina from Ukraine won the gold medal. After a time-keeping error by a games volunteer in the second semi final, Shin A-Lam controversially lost her match to her German opponent in extra time.

Fencing at the 2012 Summer Olympics
The fencing competitions at the 2012 Olympic Games in London were held from 28 July to 5 August at the ExCeL Exhibition Centre. Ten events (six individual, four team) were contested. The International Fencing Federation (FIE) had pushed for the inclusion of two more team events, but the International Olympic Committee voted to keep the format at ten events.

The women's individual épée semi final became a notable controversy at the 2012 Olympics when a time-keeping error by a games volunteer helped German Britta Heidemann beat South Korea's Shin A-lam. Despite there being two hundredths of a second remaining in the match, the timer could only be reset to a whole second after the mistake. The extra time was enough for the German to score a winning attack and proceed to the final.
Ella in London
Ella in London is a 1974 live album by the American singer Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by a quartet led by the pianist Tommy Flanagan.

It is significant as Fitzgerald's only live album recorded in England, although a decade earlier she had recorded four songs for her 1964 album Hello, Dolly! in London. This live date was recorded at Ronnie Scott's Jazz Club in Soho, London.

Hello, Dolly! (Ella Fitzgerald album)
Hello, Dolly! is a 1964 studio album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald.

"Hello, Dolly!", "People", "Can't Buy Me Love", and "The Sweetest Sounds" were recorded in London, England, on April 7. The other eight tracks were recorded in New York City on March 3 and March 4.  Three songs recorded at the latter sessions remain unreleased: "There! I've Said It Again", "I'll See You in My Dreams", and "There Are Such Things". It is unknown whether the recordings exist in the Verve Records vaults today.

Her version of the Beatles song "Can't Buy Me Love" was a minor hit single in 1964, peaking at No. 34 in the UK singles chart.
Threshfield
Threshfield is a village and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England. A population of 968 was recorded at the 2011 census. It borders Grassington, Linton Falls, and Skirethorns. Nearby villages (within a 7 miles (11 km) radius) are Linton, Cracoe, Rylstone, Hetton, Hebden, Kilnsey, and Greenhow.

Hetton, North Yorkshire
Hetton is a small Dales village in the civil parish of Hetton-cum-Bordley, in the county of North Yorkshire, England. It is situated 5.75 miles (9.25 km) north of Skipton by the B6265 road. It is the largest settlement in the parish of Hetton-cum-Bordley. The population of the former civil parish of Hetton taken at the 2011 Census was 155.
Ronato Alcano
Ronato (Ronnie) Alcano OL (pronounced al-kah-no) (born July 27, 1972), is a Filipino professional pool player, nicknamed "Ronnie Calamba" and "the Volcano". He won both the 2006 WPA World Nine-ball Championship and the 2007 WPA World Eight-ball Championship.

Billiards and snooker at the 2005 SEA Games
Billiards and Snooker at the 2005 SEA Games were held at the Makati Coliseum in Makati, Metro Manila. Participants competed in several events. This was the first time that women were allowed to compete in the events.
Feyzabad, Shiraz
Feyzabad (Persian: فيض اباد, also Romanized as Feyẕābād and Faiz Abad) is a village in Rahmatabad Rural District, Zarqan District, Shiraz County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 124, in 31 families.

Rahmatabad Rural District (Zarqan County)
Rahmatabad Rural District (Persian: دهستان رحمت آباد) is in Rahmatabad District of Zarqan County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Mehrian. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Rahmatabad.
Kaapelitehdas
Kaapelitehdas (Finnish for "the Cable Factory", also called simply Kaapeli, Swedish: Kabelfabriken) is a famous building in Salmisaari, Helsinki, near the Lauttasaari bridge. It was redeveloped from its industrial use into a cultural centre which hosts artists studios, three museums, activities and events.

Salmisaari
Salmisaari (Swedish: Sundholmen) is a small area (a sector, pienalue) belonging to the Ruoholahti quarter of the Länsisatama neighbourhood of Helsinki, Finland.

The Salmisaari island was previously located west of the Helsinginniemi peninsula. However, during the early times of Länsisatama, it was annexed to the mainland by filling the sea in between. The area of Salmisaari has been named after this island.

Since 1953, Salmisaari has included the Salmisaari power plant, owned by Helsingin Energia. It also has offices of Altia (Salmisaarenranta 7). The opposite half of the same building acts as the Helsinki Court House.
Elections in Vermont
Elections in Vermont are authorized under Chapter II of the Vermont State Constitution, articles 43–49, which establishes elections for the state level officers, cabinet, and legislature. Articles 50–53 establish the election of county-level officers.

Elections are regulated under state statute, Title 17. The office of the Vermont Secretary of State has an Elections Division that oversees the execution of elections under state law.

According to a ranking by the Electoral Integrity Project in 2018,  Vermont ranked first among U.S. states in terms of electoral integrity. It scored 83 out of 100, its highest score being in the electoral procedures and results section (93) and lowest in the voter registration section (70).

In a 2020 study, Vermont was ranked as the 9th easiest state for citizens to vote in.

Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party
The Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party (GMPJP), formerly known as the Liberty Union Party (LUP) until 2021, is a socialist political party in Vermont, United States. LUP was formed in 1970 by progressives to contest the 1970 Senate election.

GMPJP is a self-proclaimed "non-violent socialist party". In 1995, LUP was described by The New York Times as the cradle of progressivism in Vermont.

GMPJP is the fourth-largest party in Vermont after the Democratic, Republican, and Progressive parties.

Notable past and present members include William H. Meyer, Peter Diamondstone, Bernie Sanders, Michael Parenti, and Mary Alice Herbert.
Muhammad al-Idrisi
Abu Abdullah Muhammad al-Idrisi al-Qurtubi al-Hasani as-Sabti, or simply al-Idrisi /ælɪˈdriːsiː/ (Arabic: أبو عبد الله محمد الإدريسي القرطبي الحسني السبتي; Latin: Dreses; 1100–1165), was an Arab Muslim geographer and cartographer who served in the court of King Roger II at Palermo, Sicily. Muhammad al-Idrisi was born in Ceuta, then belonging to the Almoravid dynasty. He created the Tabula Rogeriana, one of the most advanced medieval world maps. al-Idrisi stands as one of the most celebrated cartographers and geographical scholars from the Islamic world, exemplifying the intellectual figures who preserved and advanced the Arabic culture and traditions during the Era of the Normans in medieval Sicily.

Italo-Normans
The Italo-Normans (Italian: Italo-Normanni), or Siculo-Normans (Siculo-Normanni) when referring to Sicily and Southern Italy, are the Italian-born descendants of the first Norman conquerors to travel to Southern Italy in the first half of the eleventh century. While maintaining much of their distinctly Norman culture and customs of war, French culture also played an important role, they were partly shaped by the diversity of Southern Italy, by the cultures and customs of the Greeks, Lombards, and Arabs in Sicily.
Concentric tube heat exchanger
Concentric Tube (or Pipe) Heat Exchangers are used in a variety of industries for purposes such as material processing, food preparation, and air-conditioning. They create a temperature driving force by passing fluid streams of different temperatures parallel to each other, separated by a physical boundary in the form of a pipe. This induces forced convection, transferring heat to/from the product.

Shell-and-tube heat exchanger
A shell-and-tube heat exchanger is a class of heat exchanger designs. It is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil refineries and other large chemical processes, and is suited for higher-pressure applications.  As its name implies, this type of heat exchanger consists of a shell (a large pressure vessel) with a bundle of tubes inside it.  One fluid runs through the tubes, and another fluid flows over the tubes (through the shell) to transfer heat between the two fluids. The set of tubes is called a tube bundle, and may be composed of several types of tubes: plain, longitudinally finned, etc.
Teuthowenia megalops
Teuthowenia megalops, sometimes known as the Atlantic cranch squid, is a species of glass squid from the subarctic and temperate waters of the northern Atlantic Ocean. They are moderately sized squid with a maximum mantle length of 40 cm (16 in). Their very large eyes are the source for the specific name megalops (Greek for "large eyes"). Like other members of the genus Teuthowenia, they are easily recognizable by the presence of three bioluminescent organs (photophores) on their eyeballs.

Coleoidea
Coleoidea or Dibranchiata is one of the two subclasses of cephalopod molluscs containing all the various taxa popularly thought of as "soft-bodied" or "shell-less" (i.e. octopus, squid and cuttlefish). Unlike its sister groups, the shelled †Ammonoidea and Nautiloidea, the coleoids have at most an internal shell called cuttlebone or gladius that is used for buoyancy or as muscle attachment. Some species, notably the incirrate octopuses (including commonly known varieties living in the shallows), have lost their internal shell altogether, while in some it has been replaced by a chitinous support structure.
Cozma, Mureș
Cozma (Hungarian: Kozmatelke, Hungarian pronunciation: [kozmɒtɛlkɛ]) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Cozma, Fânațele Socolului (Szénaszokol), Socolu de Câmpie (Mezőszokol), Valea Sasului (Szászvölgye), and Valea Ungurului (Magyarvölgye).

The commune is situated in the Transylvanian Plain, at an altitude of 408 m (1,339 ft), on the banks of the river Agriș. It is located in the northern part of Mureș County, 20 km (12 mi) west of the city of Reghin and about 45 km (28 mi) north of the county seat, Târgu Mureș, on the border with Bistrița-Năsăud County. Cozma is crossed by county road DJ162A, which ends in national road DN16, 7 km (4.3 mi) to the southeast.

At the 2021 census, the commune had 515 inhabitants; of those, 96.7% were Romanians and 1.36% Hungarians.

Târgu Mureș
Târgu Mureș (/ˌtɜːrɡuː ˈmʊərɛʃ, ˌtɪər-/, Romanian: [ˈtɨrɡu ˈmureʃ] ⓘ; Hungarian: Marosvásárhely [ˈmɒroʃvaːʃaːrhɛj] ⓘ; German: Neumarkt am Mieresch also known as simply Neumarkt) is the seat of Mureș County in the historical region of Transylvania, Romania. It is the 16th-largest city in Romania, with 116,033 inhabitants as of the 2021 census. It lies on the Mureș River, the second-longest river in Romania (after the Danube).
Adjumani Airport
Adjumani Airport (ICAO: HUAJ) is an airport that serves the town of Adjumani in the Northern Region of  Uganda, close to the international border with South Sudan. It is approximately 376 kilometres (234 mi) by air north of Entebbe International Airport, the country's largest civilian and military airport.

The well-marked runway is 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) southwest of the town. The runway length does not include a 400 metres (1,300 ft) overrun on the western end.

Entebbe International Airport
Entebbe International Airport (IATA: EBB, ICAO: HUEN) is the only international airport in Uganda. It is located about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) southwest of the town of Entebbe, on the northern shores of Lake Victoria. This is approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) by road south-west of the central business district of Kampala, the capital city of Uganda.

The headquarters of the Civil Aviation Authority of Uganda have been relocated to a new block off the airport highway (Entebbe–Kampala Expressway and Tunnel Road), but adjacent to the airport terminals.
Walker's Shortbread
Walker's Shortbread Ltd. (formerly Walkers) is a Scottish manufacturer of shortbread, biscuits, cookies, and crackers. The shortbread is baked in the Moray village of Aberlour, following a recipe developed by Joseph Walker in 1898.

The company is one of Scotland's biggest exporters of food, and employs over 1,200 people. It is sold in tartan packaging all over the world.

Shortbread
Shortbread or shortie is a traditional Scottish biscuit usually made from one part white sugar, two parts butter and three to four parts plain wheat flour. Shortbread does not contain leavening, such as baking powder or baking soda. Shortbread is widely associated with Christmas and Hogmanay festivities in Scotland, and some Scottish brands are exported around the world.
Edward J. Walsh Memorial Stadium
The Edward J. Walsh Memorial Stadium was opened in 1930. Owned by and home to teams of St. Louis University, it was built primarily to host the university's football team. It was located at 5200 Oakland Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Built by Osborn Engineering Company, it closed for university football in 1949 and all other uses in 1956, being demolished in 1957.

Saint Louis University
Saint Louis University (SLU) is a private Jesuit research university in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Founded in 1818 by Louis William Valentine DuBourg, it is the oldest university west of the Mississippi River and one of the oldest Jesuit universities in the United States. The university is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

In the 2023–2024 academic year, SLU had an enrollment of 15,204 students. The student body included 8,502 undergraduate students and 6,702 graduate students that represent all 50 states and 96 countries.  The university is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very High Spending and Doctorate Production".

For more than 50 years, the university has maintained the Saint Louis University Madrid Campus in Spain. SLU's athletic teams compete in the NCAA Division I as a member of the Atlantic 10 Conference.
Hyperawareness
Hyperawareness, or heightened awareness, is an altered state of consciousness in which a person experiences increased awareness or perception of their surrounding environment, body, and/or mind. It has been found to be an often-experienced effect of psychedelic drugs such as LSD.

Awareness
In psychology and philosophy, awareness is the perception or knowledge of something. The concept is often synonymous with consciousness; however, one can be aware of something without being explicitly conscious of it (e.g., blindsight).

The states of awareness are also associated with the states of experience, so that the structure represented in awareness is mirrored in the structure of experience.