hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rugby league gameplay
Like most forms of modern football, rugby league football is played outdoors on a rectangular grass field with goals at each end that are attacked and defended by two opposing teams. The rules of rugby league have changed significantly over the decades since rugby football split into the league and union codes. This article details the modern form of the game and how it is generally played today, although rules do vary slightly between specific competitions.

Drop kick
A drop kick is a type of kick in various codes of football. It involves a player intentionally dropping the ball onto the ground and then kicking it either (different sports have different definitions) 'as it rises from the first bounce' (rugby) or 'as, or immediately after, it touches the ground' (gridiron football).

Drop kicks are used as a method of restarting play and scoring points in rugby union and rugby league. Also, association football goalkeepers often return the ball to play with drop kicks. The kick was once in wide use in both Australian rules football and gridiron football, but it is rarely used anymore in either sport.
The Annual Register
The Annual Register (originally subtitled "A View of the History, Politicks and Literature of the Year ...") is a long-established reference work, written and published each year, which records and analyses the year's major events, developments and trends throughout the world. It was first written in 1758 under the editorship of Edmund Burke, and has been produced continuously since that date. In its current form the first half of the book comprises articles on each of the world's countries or regions, while the latter half contains articles on international organisations, economics, the environment, science, law, religion, the arts and sport, together with obituaries, a chronicle of major events and selected documents. In addition to being produced annually in hardback, the book is also published electronically, and its entire 260-year archive is available online from its publisher, ProQuest.

British Science Association
The British Science Association (BSA) is a charity and learned society founded in 1831 to aid in the promotion and development of science. Until 2009 it was known as the British Association for the Advancement of Science (BA). The current Chief Executive is Hannah Russell. The BSA's mission is to get more people engaged in the field of science by coordinating, delivering, and overseeing different projects that are suited to achieve these goals. The BSA "envisions a society in which a diverse group of people can learn and apply the sciences in which they learn." and is managed by a professional staff located at their Head Office in the Wellcome Wolfson Building. The BSA offers a wide variety of activities and events that both recognise and encourage people to be involved in science. These include the British Science Festival, British Science Week, the CREST Awards, For Thought, The Ideas Fund, along with regional and local events.
Gioia Sannitica
Gioia Sannitica is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Naples and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northeast of Caserta.

Gioia Sannitica borders the following municipalities: Alife, Alvignano, Cusano Mutri, Faicchio, Ruviano, San Potito Sannitico.

A hill nearby is home to a Norman castle, connected to a small village which went depopulated in the 14th–15th centuries.

San Potito Sannitico
San Potito Sannitico is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Naples and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Caserta.
Aberfeldy Village
Aberfeldy Village is an urban village in Poplar, London, England, which is in the process of being redeveloped in a joint venture between Poplar HARCA and Willmott Dixon. It was known as the Aberfeldy Estate, a housing estate but has expanded. It is sometimes referred to as Aberfeldy New Village in planning documents.

Poplar, London
Poplar is a district in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It is located five miles (8 km) east of Charing Cross and lies on the western bank of the River Lea.

Poplar is identified as a major district centre in the London Plan, with its centre being Chrisp Street Market, a significant commercial and retail centre surrounded by extensive residential development.

Originally part of the Manor and Ancient Parish of Stepney, the Hamlet of Poplar had become an autonomous area of Stepney by the 17th century, and an independent parish in 1817, the Parish and later Metropolitan Borough of Poplar. After a series of mergers, Poplar became part of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets in 1965.
Robert Sandilands Frowd Walker
Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Sandilands Frowd Walker CMG (13 May 1850 – 16 May 1917), also known as R. S. F. Walker, was a prominent figure in Malaya during the British colonial era in the late 19th century.

During his youth he was an amateur sportsman, and played three times for the English football XI against Scotland, scoring four goals, in the 1870 to 1872 representative matches.

Frank Swettenham
Sir Frank Athelstane Swettenham GCMG CH (28 March 1850 – 11 June 1946) was a British colonial administrator who became the first Resident general of the Federated Malay States, which brought the Malay states of Selangor, Perak, Negeri Sembilan and Pahang together under the administration of a Resident-General based in Kuala Lumpur. He served from 1 July 1896 to 4 November 1901. He was also an amateur painter, photographer and antique collector.
1981 Michigan 500
42°03′58.68″N 84°14′29.18″W﻿ / ﻿42.0663000°N 84.2414389°W﻿ / 42.0663000; -84.2414389

The 1981 Michigan 500, the inaugural running of the event, was held at the Michigan International Speedway in Brooklyn, Michigan, on Saturday, July 25, 1981. Branded as the 1981 Norton Michigan 500 for sponsorship reasons, the event was race number 5 of 11 in the 1981 CART PPG Indy Car World Series. The race was won by Pancho Carter - his only Indy Car victory. The race commenced a 20-year history of the Michigan 500 being a part of Indy car racing's Triple Crown.

1981 CART PPG Indy Car World Series
The 1981 CART PPG Indy Car World Series season, the third in the CART era of U.S. open-wheel racing, consisted of 11 races,  beginning in Avondale, Arizona  on March 22 and concluding at the same location on October 31. The PPG Indy Car World Series Drivers' Champion was Rick Mears despite missing Round 2 at Milwaukee due to injuries sustained in the Indianapolis 500. Rookie of the Year was Bob Lazier. After the disagreement with the USAC during the previous season, the 65th Indianapolis 500 was not part of the Series, however no competing race was scheduled and most CART teams and drivers did take part.
Patrick Desbois
Patrick Desbois (born 1955, in Chalon-sur-Saône) is a French Roman Catholic priest, former head of the Commission for Relations with Judaism of the French Bishops' Conference and consultant to the Vatican. He is the founder of the Yahad-In Unum, an organization dedicated to locating the sites of mass graves of Jewish victims of the Nazi mobile-killing units in the former Soviet Union. He received the Légion d'honneur, France's highest honor and the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany (Cross of Merit 1st Class), Germany's highest honor for his work with Yahad-In Unum documenting the Holocaust in Eastern Europe.

Jewish Book Council
The Jewish Book Council (Hebrew: המועצה למען הספר היהודי באמריקה‎), founded in 1943, is an American organization encouraging and contributing to Jewish literature. The goal of the council, as stated on its website, is "to promote the reading, writing and publishing of quality English language books of Jewish content in North America". The council sponsors the National Jewish Book Awards, the JBC Network, JBC Book Clubs, the Visiting Scribe series, and Jewish Book Month. It previously sponsored the Sami Rohr Prize for Jewish Literature. It publishes an annual literary journal called Paper Brigade.
Liotyphlops albirostris
Liotyphlops albirostris (common name Whitenose blind snake) is a species of snake in the family Anomalepididae. It is endemic to Central America. The snake has been reported from Colombia, Curaçao, Panama and Venezuela.

Anomalepididae
The Anomalepididae are a family of nonvenomous snakes, native to Central and South America. They are similar to Typhlopidae, except that some species possess a single tooth in the lower jaw. Currently, four genera and 15 species are recognized. Common names include primitive blind snake and dawn blind snake.
Foster Photoplay Company
Foster Photoplay Company was a film production business in Chicago, Illinois. It was founded in 1910 by William D. Foster (also known as Juli Jones). It is widely considered to be the first film production company established by an African-American featuring all African-American casts. The company released a number of critically acclaimed films, including The Railroad Porter (1913), The Fall Guy (1913), and The Butler (1913). After the release of The Railroad Porter and The Fall Guy, the company became known for their films' slapstick-style comedy.

George Walker (vaudeville)
George Walker (June 26, 1873 – January 6, 1911) was an American vaudevillian, actor, and producer. While in San Francisco during 1893, Walker at the age of 20 met Bert Williams, who was a year younger. The two young men became performing partners. Walker and Williams appeared in The Gold Bug (1895), Clorindy (1898), The Policy Player (1899), Sons of Ham (1900), In Dahomey (1903), Abyssinia (1906), and Bandanna Land (1907). Walker married dancer Ada Overton, who later also was a choreographer.

The two men set up an agency, The Williams and Walker Company, to support African-American actors and other performers, create networking, and produce new works.
Donald Andrews
Donald Wilfrid Kao Andrews (born 1955) is a Canadian economist. He is the Tjalling Koopmans Professor of Economics at the Cowles Foundation, Yale University. Born in Vancouver, he received his B.A. in 1977 at the University of British Columbia, his M.A. in 1980 in statistics at the University of California, Berkeley, and his Ph.D. in economics in 1982 also from the University of California, Berkeley.

His specialty is in econometrics and has published a large part of his work in the journal Econometrica. He is also affiliated with the Yale Department of Statistics.

Tjalling Koopmans
Tjalling Charles Koopmans (August 28, 1910 – February 26, 1985) was a Dutch-American mathematician and economist. He was the joint winner with Leonid Kantorovich of the 1975 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his work on the theory of the optimum allocation of resources.  Koopmans showed that on the basis of certain efficiency criteria, it is possible to make important deductions concerning optimum price systems.
Switch (Mexican magazine)
Switch (stylized in all caps) is a Mexican online music magazine. It was founded in the 1990s in print and published by Editorial Premiere. However, the magazine stopped circulating new issues after February 2011. The final cover featured singer Max Cavalera of Cavalera Conspiracy.

After 12 years, Switch revived in a digital format in May 2023.

It is the only Mexican music magazine to be awarded at an international level by the Society of Publication Designers (SPD).

Music magazine
A music magazine is a magazine dedicated to music and music culture. Such magazines typically include music news, interviews, photo shoots, essays, record reviews, concert reviews and occasionally have a covermount with recorded music.
William MacGregor
Sir William MacGregor, GCMG, CB, AM, PC, FRSGS (20 October 1846 – 3 July 1919) was a Scottish colonial administrator who was Lieutenant-Governor of British New Guinea, Governor of Lagos Colony, Governor of Newfoundland and Governor of Queensland.

Territory of Papua
The Territory of Papua was an Australian external territory comprising the south-eastern portion of the island of New Guinea. The Crown colony of British New Guinea was ceded to Australia in 1902 and formally organised as a separate territory in 1906. It was administratively merged with the Territory of New Guinea to the north in 1949 to form the Territory of Papua and New Guinea, which gained independence as Papua New Guinea in 1975.
Petriano
Petriano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pesaro e Urbino in the Italian region Marche, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest of Ancona and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of Pesaro. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,659 and an area of 11.3 square kilometres (4.4 mi2).

Petriano borders the following municipalities: Colbordolo, Montefelcino, Urbino.

Urbino
Urbino (UK: /ɜːrˈbiːnoʊ/ ur-BEE-noh, Italian: [urˈbiːno] ⓘ; Romagnol: Urbìn) is a comune (municipality) in the Italian region of Marche, southwest of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site notable for a remarkable historical legacy of independent Renaissance culture, especially under the patronage of Federico da Montefeltro, duke of Urbino from 1444 to 1482.

The town, nestled on a high sloping hillside, retains much of its picturesque medieval aspect. It hosts the University of Urbino, founded in 1506, and is the seat of the Archbishop of Urbino. Its best-known architectural piece is the Palazzo Ducale, rebuilt by Luciano Laurana.
Forest (skyscraper)
The Forest is a complex of office buildings, including a 120-metre-tall skycsraper, in Warsaw, Poland. It is located at 14 Burakowska Street in the neighbourhood of Powązki, within the district of Wola. It was opened in 2022.

Wola
Wola (Polish pronunciation: [ˈvɔla] ⓘ) is a district in western Warsaw, Poland. An industrial area with traditions reaching back to the early 19th century, it underwent a transformation into a major financial district, featuring various landmarks and some of the tallest office buildings in the city.
Potjaman Na Pombejra
Khun Ying Potjaman Damapong (Thai: พจมาน ดามาพงศ์; RTGS: Photchaman Damaphong), formerly  Potjaman Shinawatra (Thai: พจมาน ชินวัตร; RTGS: Photchaman Chinnawat), née Soypetpotjaman Damapong (Thai: สร้อยเพชรพจมาน ดามาพงศ์; RTGS: Soiphetphotchaman Damaphong) (born 22 November 1956) is the ex-wife of former Thai Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra and mother of the former prime minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra.

Panthongtae Shinawatra
Panthongtae Shinawatra (Thai: พานทองแท้ ชินวัตร; RTGS: Phanthongthae Chinnawat; nicknamed Oak; born 2 December 1979) is a Thai businessman and the only son of former prime minister of Thailand, Thaksin Shinawatra. He is also the brother of Paetongtarn Shinawatra, former prime minister of Thailand from 2024 to 2025.
The Punch Bowl, Low Row
The Punch Bowl is a historic pub in Low Row, a village in North Yorkshire, in England.

The pub is dates 1638, and may partly date from that period, but is mostly mid 18th century.  It is locally believed that it was the main stop on the "corpse road", where bodies were carried from upper Swaledale to the burial ground at Grinton, which ceased to be used after 1580, when ground was consecrated in Muker.  The building was extended in the early 20th century.  In 1929, it suffered a serious fire, destroying the roof and interior, but was soon restored.  The building was grade II listed in 1986.

The pub is built of stone with an artificial slate roof. It has three storeys and six bays. On the front are two doorways, the left with a quoined surround and a dated and initialled lintel. There is a blocked fire window with a moulded surround, and the other windows are sashes. On the right is a later projecting extension.

Swaledale
Swaledale is a valley in North Yorkshire, England. It is one of the Yorkshire Dales, which are part of the Pennines, and within the Yorkshire Dales National Park. It is named after the River Swale, which runs through it. Swaledale is the most northerly of the major dales.
Acraga ria
Acraga ria is a moth of the family Dalceridae. It is found in southern Brazil and Peru. Records from Panama represent a misidentification. The habitat consists of subtropical moist forests.

The length of the forewings is 8–10 mm. Adults are on wing from November to February.

Dalceridae
The Dalceridae are a small family of zygaenoid moths with some 80 known species encompassing about one dozen genera mostly found in the Neotropical region with a few reaching the far south of the Nearctic region.

These are generally small or medium-sized moths with very hairy bodies. The larvae are rather slug-like and, along with the larvae of the sister taxa Limacodidae and Megalopygidae, are often known as slug caterpillars. More specifically, they are also called jewel caterpillars due to the colorful bead-like gelatinous mass covering the exoskeleton of many species.

Female Dalceridae have "accessory glands" that apply a rapidly drying liquid to the eggs. The function of the liquid is unknown but it is theorized that it may provide strength to eggs, help glue the eggs in place, or offer protection from egg parasites.
Fort d'Évegnée
50°38′44.9″N 5°42′46.4″E﻿ / ﻿50.645806°N 5.712889°E﻿ / 50.645806; 5.712889

The Fort d'Évegnée (French pronunciation: [fɔʁ dev(ə)ɲe]) is one of twelve forts built around Liège, Belgium, in the late 19th century. The overall Fortified Position of Liège was a constituent part of the country's National Redoubt. Fort d'Évegnée was built between 1881 and 1884 according to the plans of General Henri Alexis Brialmont. Contrasting with the French forts built in the same era by Raymond Adolphe Séré de Rivières, the fort was built exclusively of unreinforced concrete, a new material, rather than masonry. The fort was heavily bombarded by German artillery in the Battle of Liège in World War I and again at the opening of World War II. It is now an industrial site, used for the storage and testing of rocket propellant.

5.7 cm Maxim-Nordenfelt
The 5.7 cm Maxim-Nordenfelt "Canon de caponnière" was a fortress gun and infantry gun developed during the 1880s in Britain which was sold to Belgium and later produced under license by the Cockerill company.  It saw action during World War I in both Belgian and German hands.
Dracula (1979 film)
Dracula is a 1979 gothic horror film directed by John Badham. The film stars Frank Langella in the title role as well as Laurence Olivier, Donald Pleasence and Kate Nelligan.

The film is based on Bram Stoker's 1897 novel Dracula and its 1924 stage adaptation, though much of Stoker's original plot was revised to make the film more romantic, as advertised by the tagline "A Love Story". The film received mostly positive reviews and was a moderate box office success. It won the 1979 Saturn Award for Best Horror Film.

Lucy Westenra
Lucy Westenra is a fictional character in the 1897 novel Dracula by Bram Stoker. She is the 19-year-old daughter of a wealthy family and is Mina Murray's best friend. Early in the story, Lucy gets proposed to by three suitors, Arthur Holmwood, John Seward, and Quincey Morris, on the same day. Turning the latter two down due to already being in love with Arthur, she accepts his proposal. Before getting the chance to marry, Lucy becomes Count Dracula's first English victim, and despite Seward contacting Abraham Van Helsing for help, she transforms into a vampire. Following her return as a vampire and attacks on children—dubbed the "Bloofer Lady" by them—she is eventually cornered into her crypt by Van Helsing and her suitors who destroy her, putting her soul to rest.

Lucy has appeared in the majority of adaptations of Stoker's novel, although many aspects of her character are changed, such as she and Mina having their names switched; one example being the 1927 stage play.
Kut-e Seyyed Saleh
Kut-e Seyyed Saleh (Persian: كوتسيدصالح, also Romanized as Kūt-e Seyyed Şāleḩ, Kooté Sayyed Saleh, and Kūt Saiyid Salih) is a village in Kut-e Abdollah Rural District, in the Central District of Karun County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 3,945, in 773 families.

Kut-e Abdollah Rural District
Kut-e Abdollah Rural District (Persian: دهستان كوت عبدالله) is in the Central District of Karun County, Khuzestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Mozaffariyeh. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Bahar, and prior to that, the village of Kut-e Abdollah, now a city.
Medway watermills (upper tributaries)
The Medway and its tributaries and sub-tributaries have been used for over 1,150 years as a source of power. There are over two hundred sites where the use of water power is known.
These uses included corn milling, fulling, paper making, iron smelting, pumping water, making gunpowder, vegetable oil extraction, and electricity generation.
Today, there is just one watermill working for trade. Those that remain have mostly been converted. Such conversions include a garage, dwellings, restaurants, museums and a wedding venue. Some watermills are mere derelict shells, lower walls or lesser remains. Of the majority, there is nothing to be seen.
A large number of tributaries feed into the River Medway. The tributaries that powered watermills will be described in the order that they feed in. The mills are described in order from source to mouth. Left bank and right bank are referred to as though the reader is facing downstream. This article covers the tributaries that feed in above Penshurst.

Rotherfield
Rotherfield is a village and civil parish in the Wealden District of East Sussex, England. It is one of the largest parishes in East Sussex. There are three villages in the parish: Rotherfield, Mark Cross and Eridge. The River Rother, which drains much of the county and discharges at Rye Harbour, has its source on the south side of the hill on which Rotherfield village is built.
Aleksandar Ribić
Aleksandar Ribić (Serbian Cyrillic: Александар Рибић, pronounced [/alɛksǎndar rǐbitɕ/]; born 25 March 1982 is a Serbian footballer and futsal player who plays as forward, currently playing for MFPA of the VMFA League (veterans). In Malta, he is known as Alex and Alexander Ribic.

Lija Athletic Futsal Club
Lija Athletic was a futsal team from the town of Lija, Malta. It operated as the futsal section of the broader Lija Athletic F.C., primarily competing in the Maltese Futsal League throughout the early 2010s. The club originally started competing in 2007, under the name of Naxxar Motors Futsal.
Isaiah 63
Isaiah 63 is the sixty-third chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. Chapters 56-66 are often referred to as Trito-Isaiah.

Isaiah 56
Isaiah 56 is the fifty-sixth chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. Chapter 56 is the first chapter of the final section of the Book of Isaiah, often referred to as Trito-Isaiah.