hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines
Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines (OEF-P) or Operation Freedom Eagle was part of Operation Enduring Freedom and the global war on terror. The Operation targeted the various Jihadist terror groups operating in the country. By 2009, about 600 U.S. military personnel were advising and assisting the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) in the Southern Philippines. In addition, by 2014, the CIA had sent its elite paramilitary officers from their Special Activities Division to hunt down and kill or capture key terrorist leaders. This group had the most success in combating and capturing Al-Qaeda leaders and the leaders of associated groups like Abu Sayyaf.

Zamboanga City crisis
The Zamboanga City crisis (Filipino: Krisis sa Zamboanga; Chavacano: Crisis na Zamboanga; Tausug: Kalingugan ha Sambuwangan) or Zamboanga Siege was an armed conflict in Zamboanga City, Philippines between the government forces of the Philippines and Moro rebels from the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) that began on September 9, 2013 and ended twenty days later on September 28. The conflict began when MNLF rebels, under the command of Nur Misuari, attempted to occupy several coastal communities in Zamboanga City in protest of the Philippine government's failure to implement the 1996 final peace agreement with the MNLF.

The conflict resulted in the displacement of 120,000 civilians and the destruction of 10,000 homes. More than 200 people were killed, mostly MNLF rebels along with 20 soldiers, 5 policemen and 13 civilians. The fighting also damaged Zamboanga City's airport and seaport.
Josephine Cashman
Josephine Amy Cashman is an Aboriginal Australian lawyer and entrepreneur, of Warrimay heritage. Cashman was an inaugural member of the Prime Minister's Indigenous Advisory Council in 2013, appointed by Tony Abbott.

Yolŋu
The Yolŋu or Yolngu (IPA: [ˈjuːlŋʊ] or [ˈjuːŋuːl]) are an aggregation of Aboriginal Australian people inhabiting north-eastern Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory of Australia. Yolŋu means "person" in the Yolŋu languages. The terms Murngin, Wulamba, Yalnumata, Murrgin and Yulangor were formerly used by some anthropologists for the Yolŋu.

All Yolŋu clans are affiliated with either the Dhuwa (also spelt Dua) or the Yirritja moiety. Prominent Dhuwa clans include the Rirratjiŋu and Gälpu clans of the Dangu people, while the Gumatj clan is the most prominent in the Yirritja moiety.
1920 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship
The 1920 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship was the 33rd staging of the Dublin Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Dublin County Board in 1887.

Collegians entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 25 July 1920 at Croke Park in Dublin, between Faughs and Kickhams, in what was their third meeting in the final overall. Faughs won the match by 3–04 to 1–00 to claim their 11th championship title overall and a first title in five years.

1919 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship
The 1919 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship was the 32nd staging of the Dublin Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Dublin County Board in 1887.

Collegians entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 29 June 1919 at Croke Park in Dublin, between Collegians and Faughs, in what was their third consecutive meeting in the final. Collegians won the match by 8–05 to 2–01 to claim their third consecutive championship title.
Enrico Rivolta
Enrico Rivolta (Italian pronunciation: [enˈriːko riˈvɔlta]; 29 June 1905 – 18 March 1974) was an Italian association footballer who played as a midfielder. He competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics with the Italy national football team. as well as played one match for the successful 1927-30 Central European International Cup squad.

Football at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Football was one of the tournaments at the 1928 Summer Olympics. It was won by Uruguay against Argentina, and was the last Olympic football tournament before the inception of the FIFA World Cup, which was held for the first time in 1930. This edition, along with the preceding 1924 edition, were the only tournaments in history outside of the World Cup that count as Senior World Titles equivalent to the World Cup.
Will Palmer (cricketer)
William Palmer (1737 – February 1790) was an English cricketer who played during the 1760s and 1770s. He was born and died in Coulsdon, Surrey. As a top-order batsman, he was a member of the local Coulsdon Cricket Club and also played county cricket for Surrey. Most of Palmer's career was before cricket's statistical record began in the 1772 season so relatively little is known of him. However, he regularly played in noteworthy matches until 1776. He has been recorded in 24 eleven-a-side matches, and in one single wicket match. He was last recorded playing for Coulsdon against Chertsey in 1784 when he was 47 years old.

H. T. Waghorn
Henry Thomas Waghorn (11 April 1842 – 30 January 1930), was a cricket statistician and historian. He is best known for his two classic researches into cricket's early history: The Dawn of Cricket and Cricket Scores, Notes, etc. (1730 - 1773).

Waghorn was born in Tunbridge Wells, Kent. 
He had a career in the Army and then obtained a post at the British Museum, where he was able to indulge his love of research into old newspapers and periodicals. Painstakingly, he assembled a mass of information from cricket notices, including some previously undiscovered match scores, which he eventually published in his two books. He died in Walmer, Kent.
Natalie von Bertouch
Natalie von Bertouch /ˈbɜːrˌtoʊ/ BUR-toh; (born 16 December 1982), also known as Natalie Bode, is a former Australia netball international. Between 2004 and 2012 she made 76 senior appearances for Australia. Bertouch was a member of the Australia teams that won the gold medals at the 2007 and 2011 World Netball Championships. She captained Australia at the latter tournament. She was also a member of the Australia teams that won the silver medals at the 2006 and 2010 Commonwealth Games. At club level, Bertouch captained Adelaide Thunderbirds to two ANZ Championship titles in 2010 and 2013. Her older sister Laura von Bertouch is also a former  netball player. The two sisters were team mates with both Thunderbirds and Australia.

2010 ANZ Championship season
The 2010 ANZ Championship season was the third season of the ANZ Championship. The 2010 season began on 20 March and concluded on 11 July. New South Wales Swifts went through the entire regular season home and away undefeated, winning 13 consecutive matches and finishing as minor premiers. They were the first team in the history of the ANZ Championship to do this. However they subsequently lost both the major semi-final and the preliminary final to Adelaide Thunderbirds and Waikato Bay of Plenty Magic respectively and eventually finished the season in third place. After defeating Swifts in the major semi-final, Thunderbirds defeated Magic 52–42 in the grand final, winning their third premiership.
Ephraim Smith
Ephraim Smith (April 13, 1819 – November 4, 1891) was a 19th-century American physician and businessman who served as the first mayor of Boise, Idaho Territory, in the mid 1860s. For years it was believed Smith's successor, Henry E. Prickett, was the city's first elected mayor until recent research proved otherwise. Smith is also believed to have been the first treasurer of Idaho Territory. In addition to his political career, Smith also operated a drug store and private hospital in Boise.

Smith was killed in 1891 after being run over by a streetcar in Toledo, Ohio. He is buried in Pioneer Cemetery in Boise.

Henry E. Prickett
Henry Elliott Prickett (September 1, 1829 – June 14, 1885) was an American politician and jurist who served as mayor of mayor of Boise, Idaho Territory from 1867 to 1868 and as Associate Justice of the Idaho Territorial Supreme Court from 1876 to 1884.
Stewart Brewing
Stewart Brewing is an independent craft brewery based on the outskirts of Edinburgh in Loanhead, Midlothian, Scotland. It was established in 2004 by Steve and Jo Stewart.

It produces beer in small batches, available in approximately 200 real ale pubs in Edinburgh, the Lothians, Fife, the Borders, Glasgow and Newcastle. It also sells mini casks and bottled beers from its brewery shop. There is also a tasting room in Leith.

Stewart Brewing also has a range of canned and bottled beers, launched at the end of 2009.

Loanhead
Loanhead is a town in Midlothian, Scotland, in a commuter belt to the south of Edinburgh, and close to Roslin, Bonnyrigg and Dalkeith. The town was built on coal and oil shale mining, and the paper industries.
Coronariae
Coronariae (literally a crown or garland) is a term used historically to refer to a group of flowering plants, generally including the lilies (Liliaceae), and later replaced by the order Liliales. First used in the 17th century by John Ray, it referred to flowers used to insert in garlands. Coronariae soon came to be associated with Liliaceae in the Linnaean system. The term was abandoned at the end of the 19th century, being replaced with Liliiflorae and then Liliales.

Juncaceae
Juncaceae is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the rush family.  It consists of 7 genera and about 464 known species  of slow-growing, rhizomatous, herbaceous monocotyledonous plants that may superficially resemble grasses and sedges. They often grow on infertile soils in a wide range of moisture conditions. The best-known and largest genus is Juncus. Most of the Juncus species grow exclusively in wetland habitats. A few rushes, such as Juncus bufonius are annuals, but most are perennials. Despite the apparent similarity, Juncaceae are not counted among the plants with the vernacular name bulrush.
Love Is My Religion
Love Is My Religion is Ziggy Marley's second solo album, the first being Dragonfly, after the 2000 end of Ziggy Marley & The Melody Makers. The album was released on 2 July 2006 by father Bob Marley's label Tuff Gong Worldwide, and carries on his reggae-style pop sound and lyrical themes established in Dragonfly. Love Is My Religion was named the 2007 Best Reggae album for the 49th Grammy awards held in Los Angeles in 2007.

Dragonfly (Ziggy Marley album)
Dragonfly is the first studio album released by Ziggy Marley on April 15, 2003. The track "Rainbow in the Sky" features both Flea and John Frusciante of the Red Hot Chili Peppers, while "Melancholy Mood" features only Flea.
Meldac
Meldac (メルダック, Merudakku) is a Japanese music and video game company. It was founded in July 1985 by Hiromu Takamizawa, Tohru Sasaki, Tetsu Kiso, and Hajime Toyama — all members of the now-defunct vocal group Dark Ducks — with financial backing from the Mitsubishi keiretsu and its affiliates, including former Mitsubishi Electric subsidiary Nippon Crown.

They also had a subsidiary in America called Meldac of America before it became defunct in 1992. The rights to Meldac's unfinished titles, including WordZap, were picked up by Jaleco.

Meldac has produced albums for Jennifer Love Hewitt (Love Songs), Christopher Sluka, and J-Walk. In addition to music albums, the company also published video games such as Zombie Nation for the Nintendo Entertainment System. They also made Heiankyo Alien and Mercenary Force for the Game Boy in addition to Uchuu Race: Astro Go! Go! for the Super Famicom.

Since 2005, the label has been owned by Tokuma Japan Communications.

Nippon Crown
Nippon Crown Co., Ltd. (日本クラウン株式会社, Nippon Kuraun Kabushikaisha) is a Japanese record label established as Crown Records on 6 September 1963. It is a spin-off of Nippon Columbia and is owned by karaoke maker Daiichikosho. The record label singles which topped the Oricon Singles Chart are Kaze's "22-Sai no Wakare" (1975), and Gackt's "Returner (Yami no Shūen)" (2007).
Caldwell Carnegie Library (Caldwell, Idaho)
The Caldwell Carnegie Library in Caldwell, Idaho, also known as the Caldwell Veterans Memorial Hall, was constructed from a grant by the Carnegie library foundation. The building opened in 1914 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places June 18, 1979. Its modest, 1-story Renaissance design is credited to Charles Carroll Soule and features reading rooms on either side of the main entrance. The building also includes a full basement with lecture hall.

Caldwell, Idaho
Caldwell (locally CALL-dwel) is a city in and the county seat of Canyon County, Idaho, United States. Caldwell is the 5th most populous city in Idaho. As of the 2020 census, Caldwell had a population of 59,996.

Caldwell is considered part of the Boise metropolitan area, and is the location of the College of Idaho.
Zibusi language
Zibusi (zɨ21 pu55 sɨ55; Chinese: 子逋斯话; Daqing Yi 大箐彝) is a Loloish language of Heqing County, Yunnan, China. They are known by the Kua-nsi as zɨ21 pɯ55 sɨ55. The Zibusi are found in Shangshiyan 上石岩, Daqing Village 大箐村, Duomei Township 朵美乡, Heqing County (Castro, et al. 2010); the sɨ21 pʰɨ̪21 sɨ55 are located in Jidiping 吉地坪, Moguang Village 磨光村, Jindun Township 金墩乡.

Loloish languages
The Loloish languages, also known as Yi (like the Yi people) and occasionally Ngwi or Nisoic, are a sub-branch of 50–100 Tibeto-Burman languages spoken primarily in the Yunnan province of Southwestern China. They are most closely related to Burmese and its relatives. Both the Loloish and Burmish branches are well defined, as is their superior node, Lolo-Burmese. However, sub-classification is more contentious.

The 2013 edition of Ethnologue  estimated a total number of 9 million native speakers of Loloish ("Ngwi") languages, the largest group being the speakers of Nuosu (Northern Yi) at 2 million speakers.
2011 Southampton City Council election
The 2011 Southampton Council election took place on 6 May 2011 to elect members of Southampton Unitary Council in Hampshire, England. One third of the council (16 seats) was up for election.  Labour won a majority of the seats being contested and the Conservatives stayed in overall control of the council.

Southampton Council is elected in thirds, which means the vote share change is compared to the corresponding 2007 Southampton Council election.

2007 Southampton City Council election
The 2007 Southampton Council election took place on 3 May 2007 to elect members of Southampton Unitary Council in Hampshire, England. One third of the council was up for election and the council stayed under no overall control.

After the election, the composition of the council was:

Conservative 18

Labour 18

Liberal Democrat 12
Clara Livingston
Clara Livingston (1900 in Chautauqua, New York,– January 29, 1992 in Puerto Rico) was the 200th licensed female pilot and 11th female helicopter pilot in the world.

Livingston made her first airplane trip in 1927. She was the daughter of Alfred Livingston. In the 1940s Livingston enlisted in the Women's Army Corps (WAC). She was also Wing Commander for the Puerto Rico Wing Civil Air Patrol. At the age of 25, her father died and she managed his property, in Dorado, Puerto Rico, for the next two decades. She built her own landing strip, known as Dorado Airport, on this 1,700 acres (6.9 km2) property. In 1937, Amelia Earhart, who was a friend of Livingston's, made a stop during her last flight at the Isla Grande Airport and stayed overnight. Her home is well recognized in a community known as Dorado Beach for being a historical house which she rebuilt in 1928.

Amelia Earhart
Amelia Mary Earhart (/ˈɛərhɑːrt/ AIR-hart; born July 24, 1897; disappeared July 2, 1937; declared dead January 5, 1939) was an American aviator and aviation pioneer who became one of the most celebrated figures of early flight.

In 1928, she was the first female passenger to cross the Atlantic by airplane. In 1932, she became the first woman to make a nonstop solo transatlantic flight, and was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for her achievement. She was one of the first aviators to promote commercial air travel, wrote best-selling books about her flying experiences, and helped found the Ninety-Nines, an organization for female pilots.

On July 2, 1937, she disappeared over the Pacific Ocean while attempting to become the first female pilot to circumnavigate the world. Since her disappearance, Earhart  has become a global cultural figure and numerous films, documentaries, and books have recounted her life. She is ranked ninth on Flying's list of the 51 Heroes of Aviation.
Yoo Byung-soo
Yoo Byung-Soo (Korean: 유병수; born 26 March 1988) is a South Korean professional footballer who plays as a striker for K League 2 club Hwaseong.

He has been nicknamed the "Ronaldo of Wolmido", because of his spinless free-kick that resembles that of Cristiano Ronaldo's. Wolmido is a small park in Incheon city, where he started his professional career.

K League
K League (Korean: K리그) is South Korea's professional football league. It includes the first division K League 1 and the second division K League 2. Clubs competing in the K League have won a record total of twelve AFC Champions League titles, the top continental competition for Asian clubs.
AI-complete
In the field of artificial intelligence (AI), tasks that are hypothesized to require artificial general intelligence to solve are informally known as AI-complete or AI-hard. Calling a problem AI-complete reflects the belief that it cannot be solved by a simple specific algorithm.

Prior to 2013, problems supposed to be AI-complete included computer vision, natural language understanding, and dealing with unexpected circumstances while solving any real-world problem. AI-complete tasks were notably considered useful for distinguishing humans from automated agents, as CAPTCHAs aim to do.

Expert system
In artificial intelligence (AI), an expert system is a computer system emulating the decision-making ability of a human expert.
Expert systems are designed to solve complex problems by reasoning through bodies of knowledge, represented mainly as if–then rules rather than through conventional procedural programming code.  Expert systems were among the first truly successful forms of AI software. They were created in the 1970s and then proliferated in the 1980s, being then widely regarded as the future of AI — before the advent of successful artificial neural networks.
An expert system is divided into two subsystems: 1) a knowledge base, which represents facts and rules; and 2) an inference engine, which applies the rules to the known facts to deduce new facts, and can include explaining and debugging abilities.
Shahi Jama Masjid
The Shahi Jama Masjid (Urdu: شاہی جامع مسجد) is a Friday mosque located in Sambhal, in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Established during the reign of the Mughal emperor Babur in December 1526, it is the oldest surviving Mughal-era mosque in South Asia. The mosque is a protected monument under the Ancient Monuments Protection Act, 1904.

Congregational mosque
A congregational mosque or Friday mosque (Arabic: مَسْجِد جَامِع, romanized: masjid jāmi‘, or simply جَامِع, jāmi‘; Turkish: Cami), or sometimes great mosque or grand mosque (جامع كبير, jāmi‘ kabir; Ulu Cami), is a mosque for hosting the Friday noon prayers known as jumu'ah. It can also host the Eid prayers in situations when there is no musalla or eidgah available nearby to host the prayers. In early Islamic history, the number of congregational mosques in one city was strictly limited. As cities and populations grew over time, it became more common for many mosques to host Friday prayers in the same area. In early centuries, the congregational mosque was also a center of social and public life, hosting various other activities in addition to prayers, such as judicial and educational functions.
2019 US Open – Mixed doubles
Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Jamie Murray were the defending champions and successfully defended their title, defeating Chan Hao-ching and Michael Venus in the final, 6–2, 6–3. This is the third straight Mixed Doubles title Murray has won at the US Open, following his championships in 2018 (with Mattek-Sands) and 2017 (with Martina Hingis).

2018 US Open – Mixed doubles
Martina Hingis and Jamie Murray were the defending champions, but Hingis retired from professional tennis at the end of 2017. Murray successfully defended his title alongside Bethanie Mattek-Sands, defeating Alicja Rosolska and Nikola Mektić, 2–6, 6–3, [11–9] to win the mixed doubles tennis title at the 2018 US Open.
1988 Player's Canadian Open
The 1988 Player's International Canadian Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. The men's tournament was held at the National Tennis Centre in Toronto in Canada and was part of the 1988 Nabisco Grand Prix while the women's tournament was held at the du Maurier Stadium in Montreal in Canada and was part of Tier II of the 1988 WTA Tour. The men's tournament was held from August 8 through August 14, 1988, while the women's tournament was held from August 15 through August 21, 1988.

1988 Grand Prix (tennis)
The 1988 Nabisco Grand Prix was the only men's tennis circuit held that year. It incorporated the four Grand Slam tournaments, three World Championship Tennis tournaments and the Grand Prix tournaments.
Burwood Cemetery
Burwood Cemetery is a cemetery in Burwood, Victoria in Australia. It dates back to 1858, and was originally known as Nunawading General Cemetery. It is known as a resting place of notable figures from Melbourne. The site is operated by Greater Metropolitan Cemeteries Trust, who also manage eighteen other cemeteries and memorial parks around Victoria, including Preston Cemetery, Fawkner Memorial Park, Altona Memorial Park and Coburg Pine Ridge Cemetery.

Coburg Cemetery
Coburg Pine Ridge Cemetery is located in the northern Melbourne suburb of Preston, Victoria, Australia. The main entrance is on Bell Street, Preston. The Cemetery is managed by Greater Metropolitan Cemeteries Trust (GMCT), and work closely with local community group, Friends of Coburg.
Penn effect
The Penn effect is the economic finding that commodity prices are higher in countries with higher income.

This is often interpreted to mean that real income ratios between high and low income countries are misrepresented by gross domestic product (GDP) conversion at market exchange rates. It is associated with what became the Penn World Table, and it has been a consistent econometric result since at least the 1950s.

However, the "Penn effect", even as Samuelson used it, refers to the general observation: there is correlation between higher price levels and higher per capita income.

The Balassa–Samuelson effect model arises from a project to confirm the result and explicate the cause within the neoclassical framework.

Consumer price index
A consumer price index (CPI) is a statistical estimate of the level of prices of goods and services bought for consumption purposes by households. It is calculated as the weighted average price of a market basket of consumer goods and services. Changes in CPI track changes in prices over time. The items in the basket are updated periodically to reflect changes in consumer spending habits. The prices of the goods and services in the basket are collected (often monthly) from a sample of retail and service establishments. The prices are then adjusted for changes in quality or features. Changes in the CPI can be used to track inflation over time and to compare inflation rates between different countries. While the CPI is not a perfect measure of inflation or the cost of living, it is a useful tool for tracking these economic indicators. It is one of several price indices calculated by many national statistical agencies.