hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Flora Novae-Zelandiae
The Flora Novae-Zelandiae is a description of the plants discovered in New Zealand during the Ross expedition written by Joseph Dalton Hooker and published by Reeve Brothers in London between 1853 and 1855. Hooker sailed on HMS Erebus as assistant surgeon. It was the third in a series of four Floras in the Flora Antarctica, the others being the Botany of Lord Auckland's Group and Campbell's Island (1843–45), the Botany of Fuegia, the Falklands, Kerguelen's Land, Etc. (1845–1847), and the Flora Tasmaniae (1853–1859). They were "splendidly" illustrated by Walter Hood Fitch.

The larger part of the plant specimens collected during the Ross expedition are now part of the Kew Herbarium.

Joseph Dalton Hooker
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British botanist and explorer in the 19th century. He was a founder of geographical botany and Charles Darwin's closest friend. For 20 years he served as director of the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, succeeding his father, William Jackson Hooker, and was awarded the highest honours of British science.
Swandown
Swandown is a 2012 film directed by Andrew Kötting.

To make the film, Andrew Kötting and Iain Sinclair pedaled a swan pedalo from the seaside in Hastings to Hackney in East London, occasionally joined by guests including Alan Moore, Stewart Lee, Dudley Sutton, Dr Mark Lythgoe and Marcia Farquhar.

Stewart Lee
Stewart Graham Lee (born 5 April 1968) is an English comedian. His stand-up routine is characterised by repetition, internal reference, and deadpan delivery.

Lee began his career in 1989 and formed the comedy duo Lee and Herring with Richard Herring. In 2001, he co-wrote and co-directed the West End hit musical Jerry Springer: The Opera, a critical success that sparked a backlash from Christian right groups who staged a series of protests outside its early performances. In 2011, he won British Comedy Awards for Best Male Television Comic and Best Comedy Entertainment Programme for his series Stewart Lee's Comedy Vehicle. He has written music reviews for publications including The Sunday Times.

In 2009, The Times referred to Lee as "the comedian's comedian, and for good reason" and named him "face of the decade". In 2012, he was placed at No. 9 on a poll of the 100 most influential people in UK comedy. In 2018, The Times named him as the best current English-language comedian.
Purani Mosque
The Purani Mosque, previously known as the Daudpur Jama Masjid, is a mosque located in the village of Dewaitha, in Dildarnagar Kamsar, in the Ghazipur district of the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Built by Sarkar Dewan Raja Daud Khan Zamindar in 1606 CE, the mosque is one of the oldest historic monuments in Ghazipur.

Dewan
Dewan (also known as diwan, sometimes spelled devan or divan) designated a powerful government official, minister, or ruler. A dewan was the head of a state institution of the same name (see Divan). Diwans belonged to the elite families in the history of Mughal and post-Mughal India and held high posts within the government.
John Cooper (tennis)
John Richard Cooper (born 4 November 1946) is a former Australian male tennis player who played on the Grand Prix circuit in the 1970s. He reached the quarterfinals of Wimbledon in 1967 and the Australian Open in 1972 and 1973. Other career highlights include finishing runner-up in 1973 Wimbledon Championships Doubles tournament and a singles victory at Hilversum in 1972. Cooper was also on the winning Davis Cup team in 1973.

He is the younger brother of four-time Grand Slam tournament winner Ashley Cooper.

1972 Australian Open – Men's singles
Defending champion Ken Rosewall defeated Mal Anderson in the final, 7–6(7–2), 6–3, 7–5 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 1972 Australian Open. It was his eighth and last Grand Slam tournament singles title, and at 37 years, 2 months and 1 day old, he became the oldest major champion in men's singles in the Open Era, a record that still stands.
Moselle Viaduct
The Moselle Viaduct (German: Moseltalbrücke) carries the Bundesautobahn 61 over a meander of the river Moselle, connecting the Hunsrück and Eifel mountain ranges. It was built between 1969 and 1972 between the German villages Winningen and Dieblich, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) southwest of Koblenz, where the river Moselle flows into the river Rhine.

Moselle Viaduct is also the name of the 1974 bridge where Bundesautobahn 1 between Wittlich and Trier crosses the river Moselle near Schweich.

Bundesautobahn 1
Bundesautobahn 1 (translates from German as Federal Motorway 1, short form Autobahn 1, abbreviated as BAB 1 or A 1) is an autobahn in Germany. It runs from Heiligenhafen in Schleswig-Holstein to Saarbrücken in Saarland, a distance of 749 km (465 mi), but is incomplete between Cologne and Trier. B 207 continues north from Heiligenhafen to Puttgarden, at the end of the island of Fehmarn, with a ferry to Rødby, Denmark.

The part north of Hamburg is part of the Vogelfluglinie (Migratory Birds Line) and may be one day connected via a fixed link to Denmark (see below). The term Hansalinie (Hansa line) refers to the part from Lübeck (north of Hamburg, thus overlapping the Vogelfluglinie) south to the Ruhr Area (near Dortmund).
Erika Netzer
Erika Netzer (23 June 1937 – 30 November 1977) was an Austrian alpine skier. She had a surprise victory in 1959 that garnered her attention. She went on to compete for Austria at the 1960 Winter Olympics.

Austria at the 1960 Winter Olympics
Austria participated at the 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley, United States, held between 18 and 28 February 1960. The country's participation in the Games marked its eighth appearance at the Winter Olympics since its debut in the 1924 Games.

The Austrian team consisted of 26 athletes including nine women who competed across five sports. Skater Norbert Felsinger was the country's flag-bearer during the opening ceremony. Austria was ranked ninth in the overall medal table with six medals including one gold, two silver, and three bronze.
Elov Persson
Elov V Persson (10 July 1894 – 9 July 1970) was a Swedish comic artist. He created one of Sweden's most popular comic strips, Kronblom.

Born in Hästbo, a dispersed settlement in Hofors Municipality, Gästrikland, Elov Persson created Kronblom in 1927 and the strip was published in the magazine Vårt Hem. A year after the creation of Kronblom, Persson created another comic strip, Agust och Lotta (August and Lotta).

Kronblom was such a part of Sweden's popular culture that two live-action film versions were produced, Kronblom in 1947 and Kronblom kommer till stan in 1949, with popular star Ludde Gentzel, 62 years old at the time of the first film's production, playing the slow-moving, but quick-thinking title character. Persson appeared in the first film playing an unbilled cameo as himself.

Elov Persson died in Torsåker, one day before his 76th birthday. In subsequent years, his son Gunnar continued Kronblom, while Agust och Lotta was continued by his other son, Ingvar (1930–2015).

Ludde Gentzel
Ludde Gentzel (17 January 1885 – 5 March 1963) was a Swedish film actor and singer. He appeared in more than 30 films between 1916 and 1955.  As an actor, Gentzel often worked with fellow comedian Eric Abrahamsson.
John Humphrey (cricketer)
John Humphrey (9 February 1837 – unknown) was an English first-class cricketer active 1870–81 who played for the Surrey Club. He was born in Mitcham and was the elder brother of Thomas, William and Richard Humphrey.

Mitcham
Mitcham is an area within the London Borough of Merton in South London, England. It is centred 7.2 miles (11.6 km) southwest of Charing Cross. Originally a village in the county of Surrey, today it is mainly a residential suburb, and includes Mitcham Common. It has been a settlement throughout recorded history.

Amenities include Mitcham Library and Mitcham Cricket Green. Nearby major districts are Croydon, Sutton, Beddington, Wimbledon, Morden, Tooting, Streatham, Norbury and Colliers Wood. Mitcham, most broadly defined, had a population of 63,393 in 2011, formed from six wards including Pollards Hill.
Persipare Parepare
Persipare stand for Persatuan Sepakbola Indonesia Parepare (en: Football Association of Indonesia Parepare). Persipare Parepare is an Indonesian football club based in Parepare, South Sulawesi. Club played in Liga 4.

Liga 4 (Indonesia)
Liga 4 (English: League Four) is the fourth-tier of the football competition system in Indonesia. The competition is organized by the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI) and the first season started in 2024.
Michael Reiziger
Michael John Reiziger (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈmɑikəl dʑɔn ˈrɛizəɣər]; born 3 May 1973) is a Dutch former professional footballer who played mainly as a right back. Reiziger currently manages the Netherlands U21 team.

After making a name for himself at Ajax, with whom he won one Champions League, he went on to represent four teams in as many countries, notably Barcelona, for which he played 249 official games in seven years, as well as spells at A.C. Milan, Middlesbrough and PSV Eindhoven.

Reiziger represented the Netherlands national team for a full decade, competing at three European Championships and the 1998 World Cup and finishing fourth in the latter tournament.

1995 UEFA Champions League final
The 1995 UEFA Champions League final was an association football match played on 24 May 1995 at the Ernst-Happel-Stadion in Vienna, Austria, to determine the winners of the 1994–95 UEFA Champions League, the 40th season of Europe's premier club competition organised by UEFA. It was contested by Dutch side Ajax and Milan of Italy in a rematch of the 1969 final. Milan were appearing in their third consecutive UEFA Champions League final, as well as aiming to win a sixth European Cup/UEFA Champions League title, which would have tied them with Real Madrid's record. However, after 85 minutes, Ajax striker Patrick Kluivert scored the only goal of the game to give Ajax the title; at the age of 18 years, 327 days, that made him the youngest player to score in a UEFA Champions League final.
José Martial Ranaivo
José Martial Ranaivo is a Malagasy politician. A member of the National Assembly of Madagascar, he was elected as a member of the Tiako i Madagasikara party; he represents the constituency of Anjozorobe.

Tiako i Madagasikara
Tiako I Madagasikara (TIM, lit. 'I Love Madagascar'; French: J'aime Madagascar) is a political party in Madagascar founded on July 3, 2002, to support President Marc Ravalomanana. After the parliamentary election held on September 23, 2007, it was the largest party in the National Assembly of Madagascar, with 106 of 127 seats. The party is located in MAGRO Ankorondrano, Antananarivo. Ravalomanana was re-elected with 55.79% in the December 2006 presidential election.

Solofonantenaina Razoarimihaja was the President of TIM from 2002 to 2007. On October 12, 2007, he was succeeded by Yvan Randriasandratriniony, who became the Interim National President. Randriasandratriniony was officially elected as President of TIM on May 21, 2008, at the party's second national congress. Rina Randriamasinoro was the party's Secretary-General in 2023.

Ravalomanana led his personal movement in the 2013, 2018, and 2023 presidential elections.
Archos GamePad
The Archos GamePad is a video gaming tablet developed and marketed by Archos. It runs on the Android operating system. It was announced on August 29, 2012, and was first released on 6 December 2012 in Europe, with a US release projected for February 2013. The tablet is aimed at gaming, and features dedicated dual analog sticks along with regular gaming keys and shoulder buttons - a similar design as the PlayStation Vita. Archos have designed a technology which 'converts' the touch controls (of Android games) into physical controls from the buttons. It is able to get over a thousand games from the Google Play library.

Archos GamePad features a 7-inch screen, 8GB of internal storage, 16 physical buttons, a 0.3 MP front camera, and stereo speakers. It is 10mm thick and weights 300 grams. Archos have developed a special mapping software for developers to officially make their game(s) compatible with the GamePad's physical buttons.

Analog stick
An analog stick (analogue stick in British English), also known as a control stick, thumbstick or joystick, is an input method designed for video games that translates thumb movement into directional control. It consists of a protruding stick mounted on a pivot, with movement registered through continuous electrical signals rather than discrete switches, allowing for greater nuance than traditional digital inputs.

Unlike D-pads, which rely on fixed electrical contacts, analog sticks use potentiometers to measure their position across a full range of motion. Many models allow the stick to be pressed down like a button, allowing users to execute commands without removing their thumb from the stick. Since its introduction, the analog stick has largely replaced the D-pad as the primary directional input in modern game controllers.
1934 Avusrennen
The 1934 Avusrennen was a non-championship Grand Prix held on 27 May 1934 at AVUS in Berlin, Germany. It was the 10th race of the 1934 Grand Prix season. The race, which was 15 laps, was won by Guy Moll driving an Alfa Romeo Tipo B/P3 after starting from 9th place.

AVUS
The Automobil-Verkehrs- und Übungsstraße ('Automobile traffic and training road'), known as AVUS (German pronunciation: [ˈaːvʊs] ⓘ), is a public road in Berlin, Germany. Opened in 1921, it was also used as a motor racing circuit until 1998. Today, the AVUS forms the northern part of the Bundesautobahn 115. It hosted several pre-World War II races and one Formula One World Championship race - the 1959 German Grand Prix.
Putumayo Airport
Putumayo Airport (IATA: PYO, ICAO: SEPT) is an airport serving the Putumayo River village of Puerto El Carmen de Putumayo in Sucumbíos Province, Ecuador. The runway is in a bend of the river 1 kilometre (0.6 mi) east of the village.

The Tres Esquinas VOR-DME (Ident: TQS) is located 52.8 nautical miles (98 km) northeast of the airport.

Sucumbíos Province
Sucumbíos (Spanish pronunciation: [sukumˈbi.os]) is a province in northeast Ecuador. The capital and largest city is Nueva Loja (normally referred to as Lago Agrio). It is the fifth largest province in the country, with an area of 18,084 km2. In 2010, it had a population of 176,472 inhabitants.
I Dol I
I Dol I  (Korean: 아이돌아이) is a 2025-26 South Korean television series written by Kim Da-rin, directed by Lee Kwang-young, and starring Choi Soo-young and Kim Jae-young. The series follows Maeng Se-na, a renowned lawyer, as she defends her favorite idol, Do Ra-ik, against a murder charge. It aired on ENA on December 22, 2025, to January 27, 2026, every Monday and Tuesday at 22:00 (KST), and subsequently streaming on Genie TV.

Genie TV
Genie TV (Korean: 지니 TV; formerly Olleh TV) is an IPTV service provided by South Korea's main telecom operator KT. It broadcasts VOD including TV programs, movies, children's programs, sports, documentaries and animations.

On 4 October 2022, KT rebranded its IPTV service as Genie TV, 11 years after the Olleh TV brand was introduced. The rebranding is part of the telecom's aggressive effort to push forward its content business as growth in the traditional telecom sector slows.
Devereaux Ferris
Devereaux St Bruno Ferris (born October 24, 1994) is a New Zealand-born, American rugby union player who plays at scrum-half for the Seattle Seawolves in Major League Rugby (MLR). He also represents America as a member of the United States men's national team and USA Selects.

Ferris has also played for the San Diego Legion, the New Orleans Gold and the Houston SaberCats in MLR, but returned to the Seattle Seawolves. He previously played for the San Francisco Rush in PRO Rugby, the USA Islanders, and Life West.

Life Chiropractic College West
Life Chiropractic College West is a private chiropractic school with locations in Hayward, California, and Bellevue, Nebraska, US, known for its Doctor of Chiropractic degree program. Founded as Pacific States Chiropractic College in 1976 by George E. Anderson, the name was changed in 1981 to its current form after a merger with Life Chiropractic College (now Life University).
Babala
Babla is a village development committee in Achham District in Sudurpashchim Province of western Nepal. According to the 1991 Nepal census it has a population of 2,623 and had 539 houses in the village
The population is entirely Hindu.

In 2001, 1252 people were illiterate, 252 male and 1001 female. In 2001, 805 in Babla were attending school, 459 male and 347 female.

In July 2003 the village was affected by landslides and resulted in an acute shortage of food. The flood displaced twelve families. The Nepal Red Cross Society (NRCS) was sent in to provide relief materials like food, clothes, utensils and cash. A flood victim in Babla reported to the Kathmandu Post
"Everything including my house has been swept away by the landslides".

Achham District
Achham (Nepali: अछाम जिल्ला pronounced [ʌt͡sʰam] ⓘ) is a district located in Sudurpashchim province and one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. It is one of the nine districts of the province. The district, with Mangalsen as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,692 km2 and has a population (2011) of 257,477.
Order of Parasat
The Order of Parasat (Kazakh: Парасат ордені, Parasat ordeni; the Order of Nobility) is an order awarded by the government of Kazakhstan. It was established in 1993.

The order is awarded to notable figures in the fields of science, culture, literature and art, as well as statesmen and public figures, defenders of human rights, and others who have contributed to the spiritual or intellectual potential of Kazakhstan.

Order (distinction)
An order is a visible honour awarded by a sovereign state, monarch, dynastic house or organisation to a person, typically in recognition of individual merit, that often comes with distinctive insignia such as collars, medals, badges, and sashes worn by recipients.

Modern honour systems of state orders and dynastic orders emerged from the culture of  orders of chivalry of the Middle Ages, which in turn emerged from the Catholic religious orders.
Navaniat Singh
Navaniat Singh is an Indian film director who works in Punjabi and Hindi cinema. Active since 2004, he is known for directing the Punjabi films Mel Karade Rabba (2010), Dharti (2011), Singh vs. Kaur (2013) and Rangeelay (2013).

Punjabi cinema
Punjabi cinema, also known as Pollywood or Punjwood, is cinema dedicated to the production of motion pictures in the Punjabi-language widely spoken in the Indian state of Punjab. It is based in Amritsar, Ludhiana, and Mohali.

The cinema of Punjab has its beginnings with the 1928 production of Daughters of Today, the earliest feature film produced in the region in Lahore. The first sound film, Heer Ranjha, using the sound-on-disc technology, was released in 1932. Since then, many films have been produced in Punjabi cinema, a number of which have received international recognition. Many actors and filmmakers started their careers in Punjabi films, a number of whom have acquired international reputations, and a number of whom have found greater financial benefits in careers in larger film producing industries.
Chromebook Pixel
The Chromebook Pixel is a 2013 laptop at the high end of Google's Chromebook family of machines, which all come preinstalled with ChromeOS operating system. The Chromebook Pixel is part of the Google Pixel series of consumer electronics. An updated model was released in 2015. Chromebook Pixel stopped receiving software and security updates in August 2018.

The Verge
The Verge is an online American technology news publication headquartered in Lower Manhattan, New York City and operated by Vox Media. The website publishes news, feature stories, guidebooks, product reviews, consumer electronics news, and podcasts.

The website was launched on November 1, 2011 and used Vox Media's proprietary multimedia publishing platform Chorus until January 28, 2025, when it switched to WordPress. In 2014, Nilay Patel was named editor-in-chief and Dieter Bohn executive editor; Helen Havlak was named editorial director in 2017. The Verge won five Webby Awards for the year 2012 including awards for Best Writing (Editorial), Best Podcast for The Vergecast, Best Visual Design, Best Consumer Electronics Site, and Best Mobile News App.
Big Belt National Forest
Big Belt National Forest was established as the Big Belt Forest Reserve by the United States Forest Service in Montana on October 3, 1905  with 630,260 acres (2,550.6 km2).  It became a National Forest on March 4, 1907. On July 1, 1908 part of Big Belt was combined with Gallatin National Forest and the remainder with Helena National Forest. The name was discontinued.

National forest (United States)
In the United States, national forest is a classification of protected and managed federal lands that are largely forest and woodland areas. They are owned collectively by the American people through the federal government and managed by the United States Forest Service, a division of the United States Department of Agriculture. The U.S. Forest Service is also a forestry research organization that provides financial assistance to the state and local forestry industry. There are 154 national forests in the United States.
Indiana State Road 116
State Road 116 (SR 116) is a State Road in the northern section of the US state of Indiana. Running for about 32 miles (51 km) in a general southeast–northwest direction and it is signed east–west. The road connects Markle, Bluffton, and Geneva and passes through mostly farmland outside of cities and towns. SR 116 was originally introduced in the early 1930s routed between Markle and SR 3 north of Bluffton. The road was extended southeast to U.S. Highway 27 (US 27) in the late 1930s and early 1940s. In the mid-1940s the road was extended east to the Ohio state line, near New Corydon. This extension was removed between late 1990s and early 2000s, the east end of SR 116 was truncated to its current location at US 27.

Geneva, Indiana
Geneva is a town in Wabash Township, Adams County, Indiana. The population was 1,257 at the time of the 2020 census. Geneva is the location of the Limberlost Cabin, the home of writer and naturalist Gene Stratton-Porter from 1895 to 1913.
Battle of Elena
This page is about the Battle of Elena in 1877. For other battles, see Battle of Helena (disambiguation).

The Battle of Elena took place during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878. It was fought between the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire in 1877. The Ottoman forces were commanded by Deli Fuad Pasha.

Deli Fuad Pasha
Deli Fuad Pasha (Modern Turkish: Deli Fuat Paşa; 1835 – 17 April 1931) was an Ottoman marshal and 
ambassador, who participated in the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878). He was born in Cairo in 1835.

Fuad Pasha served as the ambassador of the Ottoman Empire in Berlin between 1913 and 1915. He was a founding member of the Freedom and Accord Party.

His three sons, Said, Reşit and Halil, were killed in the battles between 1912 and 1915. His another son, Esat, was a diplomat and journalist. His youngest son, Hulusi Fuat Tugay, was a medical doctor and diplomat.
Ulagam Pirandhadhu Enakkaga
Ulagam Pirandhadhu Enakkaga (transl. The world was born for me) is a 1990 Indian Tamil-language action comedy film, directed by S. P. Muthuraman and produced by M. Saravanan and Balasubramanian. The film stars Sathyaraj, Gautami, Rupini and Saranya. It was released on 14 April 1990, and art director Salam won the Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Art Director.

Rupini
Komal Mahuvakar, better known by her stage name Rupini (born November 4, 1969), is an Indian former actress who has appeared in Hindi, Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam and Telugu language films during the late 1980s and early 1990s.