hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Giorgio Baffo
Giorgio Alvise Baffo (Venetian: Zorzi Alvixe Baffo; 11 August 1694 – 30 July 1768) was a Venetian poet and senator of the Venetian Republic.

Born in Venice, Baffo was, like Ruzante, Carlo Goldoni and Berto Barbarani, a major writer in the Venetian language. He wrote many erotic sonnets. Baffo died in 1768 in the Palazzo Bellavite, Venice.

Carlo Goldoni
Carlo Osvaldo Goldoni (/ɡɒlˈdoʊni/, also US: /ɡɔːlˈ-, ɡoʊlˈ-/, Italian: [ˈkarlo oˈzvaldo ɡolˈdoːni]; 25 February 1707 – 6 February 1793) was an Italian playwright and librettist from the Republic of Venice. His works include some of Italy's most famous and best-loved plays. Audiences have admired the plays of Goldoni for their ingenious mix of wit and honesty. His plays offered his contemporaries images of themselves, often dramatizing the lives, values, and conflicts of the emerging middle classes. Though he wrote in French and Italian, his plays make rich use of the Venetian language, regional vernacular, and colloquialisms. Goldoni also wrote under the pen name and title Polisseno Fegeio, Pastor Arcade, which he claimed in his memoirs the "Arcadians of Rome" bestowed on him.
Zagłębie Museum in Będzin
Zagłębie Museum in Będzin makes available to visitors cultural property and documentation relating to the history of the region. It is housed in two sites: the castle at Zamkowa Street and the Mieroszewski Palace at Gzichowska Street. In addition, museum sites include the Będzin Underground, the former Jewish prayer house “Mizrachi” at Potockiego 3, the city walls, and Castle Hill. The institution operates under a statute adopted by the Będzin City Council and approved by the minister of culture and national heritage. The museum's premises also host the Jan Dorman Foundation, the Polish Numismatic Society (Zagłębie Branch), the Union of Combatants of the Republic of Poland and Former Political Prisoners, as well as an inn and the 1st Company of the Black Knight of the Będzin Castellany.

Będzin Castle
The Będzin Castle is a castle in Będzin in southern Poland. The stone castle dates to the 14th century, and is predated by a wooden fortification that was erected in the 11th century. It was an important fortification in the Kingdom of Poland and later, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Hygrocybe griseoramosa
Hygrocybe griseoramosa is a mushroom of the waxcap genus Hygrocybe. It is grey or fawn in colour, and generally grows in moist, shady conditions. A rare species, it is only found near Sydney. Also this species has been found growing in Tasmania. It was described in 2001 by the mycologist Anthony M. Young.

Hygrocybe
Hygrocybe is a genus of agarics (gilled fungi) in the family Hygrophoraceae. Called waxcaps in English (sometimes waxy caps in North America), basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are often brightly coloured and have dry to waxy caps, white spores, and smooth, ringless stems.

In Europe waxcaps are characteristic of old, unimproved grasslands (termed waxcap grasslands) which are a declining habitat, making many Hygrocybe species of conservation concern. Nine of these waxcap-grassland species, Hygrocybe aurantiosplendens, H. citrinovirens, H. intermedia, H. mucronella, H. punicea, H. quieta, H. spadicea, H. splendidissima, and H. subpapillata, are assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Elsewhere waxcaps are more typically found in woodlands. Most are ground-dwelling and all are believed to be biotrophs. Around 150 species are recognized worldwide. Fruit bodies of several species are considered edible and are sometimes sold in local markets.
Drive wheel
A drive wheel is a wheel of a motor vehicle that transmits force, transforming torque into tractive force from the tires to the road, causing the vehicle to move. The powertrain delivers enough torque to the wheel to overcome stationary forces, resulting in the vehicle moving forwards or backwards.

A two-wheel drive vehicle has two driven wheels, typically both at the front or back, while a four-wheel drive has four.

A steering wheel is a wheel that turns to change the direction of a vehicle.  A trailer wheel is one that is neither a drive wheel, nor a steer wheel. Front-wheel drive vehicles typically have the rear wheels as trailer wheels.

Two-wheel drive
Two-wheel drive (2WD) denotes vehicles with a powertrain that allows two wheels to be driven, and receive power and torque from the engine, simultaneously. Also called all-wheel drive for motorcycles without sidecars.
Monmouthshire Houses
Monmouthshire Houses: A Study of Building Techniques and Smaller House-Plans in the Fifteenth to Seventeenth Centuries is a study of buildings within the county of Monmouthshire written by Sir Cyril Fox and Lord Raglan and published by the National Museum of Wales. The study was published in three volumes; Part I Medieval Houses, Part II Sub-Medieval Houses, c. 1550–1610 and Part III Renaissance Houses, c. 1590–1714, between 1951 and 1954. The series was republished by Merton Priory Press in 1994. A later historian of Welsh architecture, Peter Smith, described Fox and Raglan’s work as equal in importance, in its own field, to Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species.

John Newman (architectural historian)
John Arthur Newman FSA (14 December 1936 – 19 April 2023) was an English architectural historian. He was the author of several of the Pevsner Architectural Guides and was the advisory editor to the series.
Christian Hoecken
Christiaan Jacob Adriaan Hoeken, SJ (1808–1851) was a Jesuit missionary of Dutch origin who worked in the United States among the first nations. He wrote several books in Potawatomi and founded St. Ignatius Mission among the Kalispel. Hoecken died of malaria sailing up the Missouri River.

St. Stanislaus Seminary
St. Stanislaus Seminary is a former Society of Jesus (Jesuits) seminary that was founded in 1823 on the outskirts of Florissant, Missouri within the current municipal limits of Hazelwood, Missouri. It was the longest continuously operated Jesuit novitiate in the United States.
Ubierring station
Ubierring is a station on the Cologne Stadtbahn lines 15 and 16, located in the Cologne district of Neustadt-Süd. The station lies on Ubierring (part of the Cologne Ring), after which it is named.

The station was opened by the Bonn–Cologne Railway Company in 1905 and consists of two side platforms with two rail tracks.

Innenstadt, Cologne
Innenstadt (German: Köln-Innenstadt German pronunciation: [ˈkœln ˈɪnənˌʃtat], lit. 'Cologne-Inner City') is the central borough (Stadtbezirk) of the City of Cologne in Germany.

The borough was established with the last communal land reform in 1975, and comprises Cologne's historic old town (Altstadt), the Gründerzeit era new town (Neustadt) plus the right-Rhenish quarter of Deutz. The Innenstadt has about 127,000 inhabitants (as of December 2020) and covers an area of 16.37 square kilometres.
2019 St Patrick's Athletic F.C. season
The 2019 season was St. Patrick's Athletic F.C.'s 90th year in existence and was the Supersaint's 68th consecutive season in the top-flight of Irish football. It was the first season Harry Kenny took charge of the club, following Liam Buckley's spell in charge for the previous seven seasons. The fixtures were announced on 19 December 2018, with the Saints facing Cork City at home on the opening day of the season for the second year in a row, with the Inchicore side set to play champions Dundalk away from home on the final night of the season. Harry Kenny left his post on 24 August following a 3–1 loss away to bottom of the table UCD in the FAI Cup. He was replaced by Stephen O'Donnell on 31 August, his first managerial role. Pats finished 5th in the league and won the Leinster Senior Cup, playing the semi-final and final with their underage sides after the league season had ended for the senior team.

FAI Cup
The Football Association of Ireland Senior Challenge Cup (FAI Cup), known as the Sports Direct FAI Cup for sponsorship reasons, is a knock-out association football competition contested annually by teams from the Republic of Ireland (as well as Derry City from Northern Ireland). Organised by the FAI (Football Association of Ireland), the competition is currently sponsored by Sports Direct. It was known as the Free State Cup from 1923 to 1936. Shamrock Rovers hold the record of most wins with 26.

The current holders are Shamrock Rovers who won their 26th title on 9 November 2025, defeating Cork City 2–0 at the Aviva Stadium.
Premios 40 Principales for Best Latin Song
The Premios 40 Principales for Best Latin Song is an honor presented annually at the Los 40 Principaless, a ceremony that recognizes excellence, creates a greater awareness of cultural diversity and contributions of Latino artists in the international scene.

Juanes is the most awarded songwriter in the category with two. Shakira and Cali & El Dandee are the only lyricists to be nominated twice in the same year: Shakira in 2011, and Cali & El Dandee one year later. After an eight-year absence, the award was revived for the 2020 edition as Los 40 expanded the Latin category.

Cali y El Dandee
Cali & El Dandee are a Colombian Latin pop and urbano music duo, consisting of brothers Alejandro Rengifo (Cali) and Mauricio Rengifo (Dandee). They started their career in 2008 and have been together since. Besides singing, Dandee is also active as a producer. He co-produced Luis Fonsi's major hit "Despacito".

Their biggest hits are "Gol", "Volver", "Move Your Body", "Tus Ojos", "Lento", "La Muda". Their most successful singles "Por Fin Te Encontré" and "Yo Te Esperaré" have received more than 800 million and 370 million views respectively on YouTube. Their debut album 3 A.M. was released on July 10, 2012, on record company Universal Music Spain.

In 2012, Cali & El Dandee collaborated with Spanish singer David Bisbal in the Spanish official anthem for Euro 2012, "No hay 2 sin 3".
Hyles robertsi
Hyles robertsi, the spurge hawkmoth, is a moth of the family Sphingidae. The species was first described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1880. It is known from Iran, the Kopet Dag Mountains of Turkmenistan, eastward to central and eastern Afghanistan, Kashmir and the Pamirs. It is also known from western Pakistan. Some authors consider it to be a subspecies of Hyles euphorbiae.

The wingspan is 65–85 mm. It is very similar to Hyles euphorbiae euphorbiae.

The larvae feed on herbaceous Euphorbia species.

Hyles euphorbiae
Hyles euphorbiae, the spurge hawk-moth, is a European moth of the family Sphingidae. This hawk moth is used as an agent of biological pest control against the noxious weed leafy spurge (Euphorbia virgata), but usually only in conjunction with other agents. The larvae consume the leaves and bracts of the plant. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae.
Anagyrine
Anagyrine is a teratogenic alkaloid first isolated from (and named for) Anagyris foetida in the year 1885 by French biologists Hardy and Gallois. A. foetida (family Fabaceae), the Stinking Bean Trefoil, is a highly toxic shrub native to the Mediterranean region, with a long history of use in folk medicine. In the year 1939 Anagyrine was found by James Fitton Couch to be identical to an alkaloid present in many species belonging to the plant genus Lupinus (lupins). The toxin can cause crooked calf disease if a cow ingests the plant during certain periods of pregnancy.

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are acetylcholine receptors that form G protein-coupled receptor complexes in the cell membranes of certain neurons and other cells. They play several roles, including acting as the main end-receptor stimulated by acetylcholine released from postganglionic fibers. They are mainly found in the parasympathetic nervous system, but also have a role in the sympathetic nervous system in the control of sweat glands.

Muscarinic receptors are so named because they are more sensitive to muscarine than to nicotine. Their counterparts are nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), receptor ion channels that are also important in the autonomic nervous system. Many drugs and other substances (for example pilocarpine and scopolamine) manipulate these two distinct receptors by acting as selective agonists or antagonists.
Breeding behaviors of birds
Breeding behaviors of birds encompass a range of activities associated with the reproductive cycle of birds, from courtship to the fledging of young. These behaviors include mate selection, nest building, egg laying, incubation, and parental care until the young become fledged. During this period, birds actively defend their territory. Most species provide dedicated care to their offspring, though exceptions exist. Approximately 90% of bird species are monogamous during a breeding season, with females typically choosing mates based on appearance, skills, and song. In polygamous species, such as pheasants, males often do not participate in raising young, leaving the responsibility to females.

Great crested grebe
The great crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus) is a member of the grebe family of water birds. The bird is characterised by its distinctive appearance, featuring striking black, orange-brown, and white plumage, and elaborate courtship display that involves synchronised dances and displays.
Toads and Frogs
The combinatorial game Toads and Frogs is a partisan game invented by Richard K. Guy. This mathematical game was used as an introductory game in the book Winning Ways for Your Mathematical Plays.

Known for its simplicity and the elegance of its rules, Toads-and-Frogs is useful to illustrate the main concepts of combinatorial game theory. In particular, it is not difficult to evaluate simple games involving only one toad and one frog, by constructing the game tree of the starting position. However, the general case of evaluating an arbitrary position is known to be NP-hard. There are some open conjectures on the value of some remarkable positions.

A one-player puzzle version of the game has also been considered.

Game tree
In the context of combinatorial game theory, a game tree is a graph representing all possible game states within a sequential game that has perfect information. Such games include chess, checkers, Go, and tic-tac-toe.

A game tree can be used to measure the complexity of a game, as it represents all the possible ways that the game can pan out. Due to the large game trees of complex games such as chess, algorithms that are designed to play this class of games will use partial game trees, which makes computation feasible on modern computers. Various methods exist to solve game trees. If a complete game tree can be generated, a deterministic algorithm, such as backward induction or retrograde analysis can be used. Randomized algorithms and minmax algorithms such as MCTS can be used in cases where a complete game tree is not feasible.
Wenhua Senior High School metro station
Wenhua Senior High School is a metro station on the Green line operated by Taichung MRT in Xitun District, Taichung, Taiwan.

National Wen-Hua Senior High School, the station's namesake, is located nearby. A mixed-use building is being construction in conjunction to the north of the station and will be connected by a bridge.

Green line (Taichung MRT)
The Green line of the Taichung MRT is a medium-capacity rapid transit line in Taichung. The line was briefly opened to the public on 16 November 2020, but closed on 22 November due to faulty couplers on the trains. The line officially re-entered service on 25 April 2021, becoming Taiwan's fifth rapid transit system in operation. Two extensions, one heading east to Dakeng and the other reaching south into Changhua, are also planned.
1944 Brighton by-election
The 1944 Brighton by-election was held on 3 February 1944.  The by-election was held due to the resignation  of the incumbent Conservative MP, Sir Cooper Rawson.  It was won by the Conservative candidate William Teeling.

Bruce Dutton Briant stood as a National Independent. He claimed to be a supporter of the National Government but was repudiated by Winston Churchill.

Brighton (UK Parliament constituency)
Brighton was a parliamentary constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1832 until it was divided into single-member seats from the 1950 general election. Covering the seaside towns of Brighton and Hove in East Sussex, it elected two Members of Parliament (MP) by the block vote system of election.
Statland Church
Statland Church (Norwegian: Statland kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Namsos Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the village of Statland. It is the church for the Statland parish which is part of the Namdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1992 using plans drawn up by the architect Reidar Moholdt. The church seats about 140 people. The church was consecrated on 10 May 1992 by Bishop Finn Wagle.

Namsos Municipality
Namsosⓘ (Norwegian) or Nåavmesjenjaelmie (Southern Sami) is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Namdalen region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Namsos. Some of the villages in the municipality include Bangsund, Klinga, Ramsvika, Skomsvoll, Spillum, Sævik, Dun, Salsnes, Nufsfjord, Lund, Namdalseid, Sjøåsen, Statland, Tøttdalen, and Sverkmoen.

The 2,132-square-kilometre (823 sq mi) municipality is the 30th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Namsos Municipality is the 82nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 15,083. The municipality's population density is 7.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (18/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 2.1% over the previous 10-year period.

The town of Namsos has a swimming pool, Oasen, built inside a mountain.
The Pipers
The Pipers are a pair of standing stones near The Hurlers stone circles, located on Bodmin Moor near the village of Minions, Cornwall, UK. They share the name with another pair  of standing stones near the Merry Maidens to the south of the village of St Buryan, also in Cornwall.

Bodmin Moor
Bodmin Moor (Cornish Standard Written Form: Goon Brenn) is a granite moorland in north-eastern Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is 208 square kilometres (80 sq mi) in size, and the granite dates from the Permian period of geological history. It includes Brown Willy, the highest point in Cornwall, and Rough Tor, a slightly lower peak. Many of Cornwall's rivers have their sources here. It has been inhabited since at least the Neolithic era, when early farmers started clearing trees and farming the land. They left their megalithic monuments, hut circles and cairns, and the Bronze Age culture that followed left further cairns, and more stone circles and stone rows. By medieval and modern times, nearly all the forest was gone and livestock rearing predominated.

The name Bodmin Moor is relatively recent. An early mention is in the Royal Cornwall Gazette of 28 November 1812. The upland area was formerly known as Fowey Moor after the River Fowey, which rises within it.
2017 Harvard Crimson football team
The 2017 Harvard Crimson football team represented Harvard University during the 2017 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by 24th-year head coach Tim Murphy and played their home games at Harvard Stadium. They were a member of the Ivy League. They finished the season 5–5 overall and 3–4 in Ivy League play to tie for fifth place. Harvard averaged 10,411 fans per game.

Harvard Stadium
Harvard Stadium is a U-shaped college football stadium in the Allston neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts. Owned and operated by Harvard University, it is home to the Harvard Crimson football program and can seat just over 25,000 spectators.

Opened in 1903, it is the oldest original stadium structure still in use for college football and the nation's oldest permanent concrete structure dedicated to intercollegiate athletics. While the University of Pennsylvania's Franklin Field (1895) is the oldest site in continuous use, its current stadium structure dates from a 1922 reconstruction.

The stadium was a pioneering execution of reinforced concrete in the construction of large structures. Because of its early importance in these areas, and its influence on the design of later stadiums, it was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1987, one of only four athletic facilities so designated.
Regina Lake Centre
Regina Lake Centre was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, Canada from 1991 to 1995. It was created from territories from Regina Lakeview, Regina Centre and Regina South. While it existed, it was represented by NDP MLA Joanne Crofford. It was dissolved after the 1991 election, following a reduction in the amount of MLAs from 66 to 58. Its territory was divided between the ridings of Regina Lakeview, Regina Centre and Regina Northeast.

Regina South
Regina South was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, Canada. Originally created for the 15th Saskatchewan general election in 1964, this constituency changed boundaries and names many times.

The district was called "Regina Whitmore Park" from 1971 to 1975, and "Regina Albert South" from 1991 to 1995. The riding was dissolved into Regina Pasqua and Regina University prior to the 2016 election. However, it was reconstituted as "Regina South Albert" for the 2024 election.
Bucculatrix pyrivorella
Bucculatrix pyrivorella (pear leaf miner) is a moth of the family Bucculatricidae. It is found in Japan (on the islands of Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu), the Korean Peninsula and the Russian Far East. It was described in 1964 by Hiroshi Kuroko.

The wingspan is 7-7.5 mm. There are four generations per year.

The larvae feed on Pyrus pyrifolia and Malus species. They mine the leaves of their host plant. It is considered a pest on pear trees.

Bucculatricidae
Bucculatricidae or (Bucculatrigidae) is a family of moths. This small family has representatives in all parts of the world. Some authors place the group as a subfamily of the family Lyonetiidae.

Adults of this family are easily overlooked, being very small with narrow wings wrapped around the body at rest. When small, the larvae are leaf-miners, forming distinctive brown blotches on leaves. When larger, they usually feed on the leaves externally. Many species have specific host plants. The pupal cases have distinctive longitudinal ridges, leading to members of the family commonly being called ribbed cocoon makers.

Some authors recognize just a single large genus, Bucculatrix, although two Australian genera, Cryphioxena and the scribbly gum moths (Ogmograptis spp.) are now sometimes placed in this family rather than in Elachistidae.
José E. Almeida
José E. Almeida (born 1961 or 1962) is a Brazilian businessman. He served as the chairman and CEO of Baxter International, Inc. from January 2016 to February 2025. He also serves on the board of directors of the Advanced Medical Technology Association (AdvaMed) and Partners in Health, and he is a member of Business Roundtable.

Covidien
Covidien plc was an Irish-headquartered global health care products company and manufacturer of medical devices and supplies. Covidien became an independent publicly traded company after being spun off from Tyco International in 2007. It was purchased by Medtronic in a transaction that closed in 2015. The now-merged company is headquartered in Ireland, where Covidien was based.