hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Downtown Honolulu
Downtown Honolulu is the current historic, economic, and governmental center of Honolulu, the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Hawaii. It is bounded by Nuʻuanu Stream to the west, Ward Avenue to the east, Vineyard Boulevard to the north, and Honolulu Harbor to the south. Both modern and historic buildings and complexes are located in the area, with many of the latter declared National Historic Landmarks on the National Register of Historic Places.

Honolulu Harbor
Honolulu Harbor, also called Kulolia and Ke Awa O Kou and the Port of Honolulu, is the principal seaport of Honolulu and the State of Hawaiʻi in the United States. From the harbor, the City & County of Honolulu was developed and urbanized, in an outward fashion, over the course of the modern history of the island of Oahu.  It includes Matson, Inc. harbors on Sand Island.
La Rambla (climb)
La Rambla is a 41-metre (135 ft) sport climb at the limestone El Pati crag in Siurana, Catalonia in Spain. Originally bolted and climbed by Alexander Huber in 1994 as a 35-metre (115 ft) route, the bolting was later extended by Dani Andrada to a 41-metre (135 ft) route, which was eventually climbed by Ramón Julián Puigblanque in 2003.  While there has been debate about La Rambla's grade, there is now consensus that it meets the 9a+ (5.15a) threshold. It is an important and historic route in climbing, and is part of the coveted "9a+ trilogy" with Realization and Papichulo.

Glossary of climbing terms
Glossary of climbing terms relates to rock climbing (including aid climbing, lead climbing, bouldering, and competition climbing), mountaineering, and to ice climbing.

The terms used can vary between different English-speaking countries; many of the phrases described here are particular to the United States and the United Kingdom.
Green Street, Cambridge
Green Street is a street known for its shops and restaurants in central Cambridge, England. It runs between St John's Street and Trinity Street at the western end and Sidney Street at the eastern end. Opposite the west end is Trinity College and opposite the east end is Sidney Sussex College. 
The street is probably named after the owner of the land when the first houses were built on the street.

W. Metcalfe and Son was a printer and publisher in Cambridge during the 19th century and early 20th century, with an office on Green Street for part of this period.
In 1854, the publishers George Bell & Sons acquired Deighton's offices on Green Street and also Trinity Street.

Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge
Sidney Sussex College (historically known as "Sussex College" and today referred to informally as "Sidney") is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in England. The College was founded in 1596 under the terms of the will of Frances Sidney, Countess of Sussex (1531–1589), wife of Thomas Radclyffe, 3rd Earl of Sussex, and named after its foundress. In her will, Lady Sidney left the sum of £5,000 together with some plate to found a new College at Cambridge University "to be called the Lady Frances Sidney Sussex College". Her executors Sir John Harington and Henry Grey, 6th Earl of Kent, supervised by Archbishop John Whitgift, founded the Protestant College seven years after her death.

Sidney Sussex is one of the smaller colleges at Cambridge, with its sister college being St John's College, Oxford. The student body comprises approximately 355 undergraduates, 275 postgraduates, and around 80 fellows.
Resonating valence bond theory
In condensed matter physics, the resonating valence bond theory (RVB) is a theoretical model that attempts to describe high-temperature superconductivity, and in particular the superconductivity in cuprate compounds. It was proposed by P. W. Anderson and Ganapathy Baskaran in 1987. The theory states that in copper oxide lattices, electrons from neighboring copper atoms interact to form a valence bond, which locks them in place. However, with doping, these electrons can act as mobile Cooper pairs and are able to superconduct. Anderson observed in his 1987 paper that the origins of superconductivity in doped cuprates was in the Mott insulator nature of crystalline copper oxide. RVB builds on the Hubbard and t-J models used in the study of strongly correlated materials.

In 2014, evidence showing that fractional particles can happen in quasi two-dimensional magnetic materials, was found by EPFL scientists, lending support for Anderson's theory.

Strongly correlated material
Strongly correlated materials are a wide class of compounds that include insulators and electronic materials, and show unusual (often technologically useful) electronic and magnetic properties, such as metal-insulator transitions, heavy fermion behavior, half-metallicity, and spin-charge separation. The essential feature that defines these materials is that the behavior of their electrons or spinons cannot be described effectively in terms of non-interacting entities.  Theoretical models of the electronic (fermionic) structure of strongly correlated materials must include electronic (fermionic) correlation to be accurate. As of recently, the label quantum materials is also used to refer to strongly correlated materials, among others.
Thompson order formula
In mathematical finite group theory, the Thompson order formula, introduced by John Griggs Thompson (Held 1969, p.279), gives a formula for the order of a finite group in terms of the centralizers of involutions, extending the results of Brauer & Fowler (1955).

Finite group
In abstract algebra, a finite group is a group whose underlying set is finite.  Finite groups often arise when considering symmetry of mathematical or physical objects, when those objects admit just a finite number of structure-preserving transformations.  Important examples of finite groups include cyclic groups and permutation groups.

The study of finite groups has been an integral part of group theory since it arose in the 19th century.  One major area of study has been classification: the classification of finite simple groups (those with no nontrivial normal subgroup) was completed in 2004.
Hand of God (film)
Hand of God is a 2006 independent documentary that was acquired for national airing in the United States by Frontline. The film was directed and edited by Joe Cultrera and tells the story of how his brother Paul was molested in the 1960s by their parish priest, Father Joseph Birmingham, who allegedly abused nearly 100 other children. Cultrera tells the story of faith betrayed and how his brother Paul and the rest of the Cultrera family fought back against a scandal that continues to afflict churches across the country.

Frontline (American TV program)
Frontline (stylized in all capital letters) is an investigative documentary program distributed by the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) in the United States. Episodes are produced at WGBH in Boston, Massachusetts. The series has covered a variety of domestic and international issues, including terrorism, elections, environmental disasters, and other sociopolitical issues. Since its debut in 1983, Frontline has aired in the U.S. for 42 seasons, and has won critical acclaim and awards in broadcast journalism. Frontline has produced over 800 documentaries from both in-house and independent filmmakers, 200 of which are available online.
Makar, Nepal
Makar is a town in Bardaghat Municipality in Nawalparasi District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. The municipality was established on 18 May 2014 by merging existing Makar and Panchanagar VDCs. At the 1991 Nepal census, it had a population of 16,206 people living in 2,780 individual households.

Panchanagar
Panchanagar Rural Municipality, which merged with Bardaghat Municipality on May 18, 2014, is now called Bhutaha (Panchanagar). Bhutaha is located in the Lumbini Province. It is split into 4 wards after the  government merged 2 more rural municipality into the municipality in 2014.
Tribeni railway station
Tribeni railway station is railway station on Bandel–Katwa line connecting from Bandel (8 km (5.0 mi) from Bandel) to Katwa, and under the jurisdiction of Howrah railway division (48 km (30 mi) from hwh) of Eastern Railway zone. It is situated at Station Road, Masterpara, Tribeni, Hooghly district in the Indian state of West Bengal. There is also a single line  connecting Tribeni to Mogra which is only used for goods trains.

Howrah railway division
Howrah Division is the oldest operational railway division under the Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways. Serving as a major rail hub for Eastern India, its headquarters based in Howrah, West Bengal, and has historical and strategic importance for passenger and freight transport. It is one of the four railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Eastern Railway zone. In 2025, the Howrah Division marked its 100th anniversary since it was officially established as a division. It covers the area more than 400 km which includes parts of Bihar and Jharkhand also. The division manages nearly 200 stations ranging from major terminals to smaller halts.

Asansol railway division, Sealdah railway division and Malda railway division are the other railway divisions under ER Zone headquartered at Kolkata.
Brachygastra lecheguana
Brachygastra lecheguana (Latreille, 1824), formerly known as Nectarina lecheguana, is a species of dark paper wasp found across tropical to subtropical America. It nests in underbrush in grassland-type environments, and species of the genus Brachygastra store honey, a trait characteristic of the genus.

Paper wasp
Paper wasps are a type of social vespid wasps. The term is typically used to refer to members of the vespid subfamily Polistinae, though it often colloquially includes members of the subfamilies Vespinae (hornets and yellowjackets) and Stenogastrinae, which also make nests out of paper.

Paper wasp nests are characterized by open combs with down pointing cells. Some types of paper wasps are occasionally referred to as umbrella wasps due to the distinctive design of their nests.
NR Vulpeculae
NR Vulpeculae is a red supergiant and irregular variable star in the constellation Vulpecula. It has an apparent magnitude varying between 9.13 and 9.61, which is too faint to be seen to the naked eye.

Red supergiant
Red supergiants (RSGs) are stars with a supergiant luminosity class (Yerkes class I) and a stellar classification K or M. They are the largest stars in the universe in terms of volume, although they are not the most massive or luminous. Betelgeuse and Antares A are the brightest and best known red supergiants (RSGs), indeed the only first magnitude red supergiant stars.
Functional generative description
Functional generative description (FGD) is a linguistic framework developed at Charles University in Prague since the 1960s by a team led by Petr Sgall. Based on the dependency grammar formalism, it is a stratificational grammar formalism that treats the sentence as a system of interlinked layers: phonological, morphematical, morphonological, analytical (surface syntax) and tectogrammatical (deep syntax). Continuing the tradition of Prague School, special attention is paid to the phenomenon of topic–focus articulation.

The Prague Dependency Treebank (PDT) is a treebank consisting of a subset of the Czech National Corpus annotated along the lines of FGD.

Treebank
In linguistics, a treebank is a parsed text corpus that annotates syntactic or semantic sentence structure. The construction of parsed corpora in the early 1990s revolutionized computational linguistics, which benefitted from large-scale empirical data.
Colonic polypectomy
Colonic polypectomy is the removal of colorectal polyps in order to prevent them from turning cancerous.

Gastrointestinal polyps can be removed endoscopically through colonoscopy or esophagogastroduodenoscopy, or surgically if the polyp is too large to be removed endoscopically. The method used to perform colonic polypectomies during colonoscopy depends on the size, shape and histological type of the polyp to be removed. Prior to performing polypectomy, polyps can be biopsied and examined histologically to determine the need to perform polypectomy.

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) or oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD), also called by various other names, is a diagnostic endoscopic procedure that visualizes the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract down to the duodenum. It is considered a minimally invasive procedure since it does not require an incision into one of the major body cavities and does not require any significant recovery after the procedure (unless sedation or anesthesia has been used). However, a sore throat is common.
Triglochin muelleri
Triglochin muelleri  is a species of flowering plant in the family Juncaginaceae, first described by Franz Georg Philipp Buchenau in 1903, and native to Western Australia and South Australia.

It is a tufted annual herb growing from 0.05 to 0.2 m high, in salt lakes, swamps and  places that are wet in winter. It flowers from September to November.

Juncaginaceae
Juncaginaceae is a family of flowering plants, recognized by most taxonomists for the past few decades.  It is also known as the arrowgrass family. It includes 3 genera with a total of 34 known species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016 ).

The APG II system, of 2003 (unchanged from the APG system, of 1998), also recognizes such a family and places it in the order Alismatales, in the clade monocots. The species are found in cold or temperate regions in both the Northern and Southern Hemisphere. However APG IV (2016) removed the genus Maundia due to its non-exclusive relationship, and elevated it to the monogeneric family Maundiaceae.
Mizpah in Gilead (Genesis)
Mizpah ('watch-tower', 'look-out') was a place in Gilead, so named by Laban, who overtook Jacob at this spot (Gen. 31:49) on his return to Israel from Padan-aram. Here Jacob and Laban set up their memorial cairn of stones and a pillar (Massebah) to serve to separate them: both as a boundary landmark and as a witness for their covenant and the protection of Laban's daughters Rachel and Leah.

Gilead
Gilead or Gilad (UK: /ˈɡɪliæd/, US: /ˈɡɪliəd/; Hebrew: גִּלְעָד Gilʿāḏ, Arabic: جلعاد, Jalʻād) is the ancient, historic, biblical name of the mountainous northern part of the region of Transjordan, present-day Jordan. The region is bounded in the west by the Jordan River, in the north by the deep ravine of the river Yarmouk and the region of Bashan, and in the southwest by what were known during antiquity as the "plains of Moab", with no definite boundary to the east. In some cases, "Gilead" is used in the Bible to refer to all the region east of the Jordan River. Gilead is situated in modern-day Jordan, corresponding roughly to the Irbid, Ajloun, Jerash and Balqa Governorates.
1971 Championship of Australia
The 1971 Championship of Australia was the 15th edition of the Championship of Australia, an ANFC-organised national club Australian rules football match between the champion clubs from the VFL and the SANFL.

This was the last Championship of Australia title to be held as a single game before the competition was expanded the following year into a knockout tournament that included the champions of the WANFL and the Tasmanian State Premiership.

Championship of Australia
The Championship of Australia was an Australian rules football tournament which was contested between football clubs from the Victorian and South Australian football leagues for most of its history, with clubs from the Western Australian and Tasmanian football leagues only being included in the final four iterations. The Championship took place four times in the 19th century and then from 1907 to 1914 — with the exception of 1912 — and every year from 1968 to 1975. All but two of the Championships were played in Adelaide, and all of them occurred after the respective league seasons had ended. The 1975 Championship of Australia was the last edition of the competition, with the 1976 NFL Championship replacing the format, albeit for only one year with VFL clubs.
Ram Chandra Bharadwaj
Ram Chandra Bharadwaj, also known as Pandit Ram Chandra was the president of the Ghadar Party between 1914 and 1917. As a member of the Ghadar Party, Ram Chandra was also one of the founding editors of the Hindustan Ghadar and a key leader of the party in its role in the Indo-German Conspiracy. He assumed the role of the president of the party following Lala Har Dayal's departure for Switzerland in 1914 and, along with Bhagwan Singh and Maulvi Mohammed Barkatullah, was key in rallying the support of the South Asian community in the Pacific Coast in the wake of the Komagata Maru incident for the planned February mutiny. 
Ram Chandra was assassinated on 24 April 1918 on the last day of the Hindu–German Conspiracy Trial by Ram Singh, a fellow defendant who believed that Ram Chandra was a British agent.

Hindustan Ghadar
The Hindustan Ghadar (Hindi: हिन्दुस्तान  ग़दर; Punjabi: (Gurmukhi): ਹਿੰਦੁਸਤਾਨ ਗ਼ਦਰ; Punjabi (Shahmukhi), Urdu: ہِندُوستان غدر) was a weekly publication that was the party organ of the Ghadar Party. It was published under the auspices of the Yugantar Ashram (Advent of a New Age Ashram) in San Francisco. Its purpose was to further the militant nationalist faction of the Indian independence movement, especially amongst Indian sepoys of the British Indian Army.
1898 Western Conference football season
The 1898 Western Conference football season was the third season of college football played by the member schools of the Western Conference (later known as the Big Ten Conference) and was a part of the 1898 college football season.

The 1898 Michigan Wolverines football team, under head coach Gustave Ferbert, won the conference championship with a 10–0 record, shut out six opponents, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 205 to 26.  The team concluded its season by playing Amos Alonzo Stagg's 1898 Chicago Maroons football team for the conference championship.  The Wolverines beat Chicago by a 12–11 score in a game that inspired Louis Elbel to write Michigan's fight song "The Victors."

Wisconsin, under head coach Philip King, compiled a 9–1 record, lost to Chicago, and finished in third place in the conference.

The Victors
"The Victors" is the fight song of the University of Michigan.  Michigan student Louis Elbel wrote the song in 1898 after the football team's victory over the University of Chicago, which clinched an undefeated season and the Western Conference championship.

An abbreviated version of the song, based on its final refrain, is played at University of Michigan sporting events and functions. "The Victors" is considered one of the greatest college fight songs ever written.
College Grove Methodist Church
The College Grove Methodist Church is a building in College Grove, Tennessee that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.  It was built c.1888 and was designed and/or built by T.G. Slate.

The church is one of the "best examples", along with the Trinity United Methodist Church on Wilson Pike, of more elaborate historic churches built in Williamson County.: 32

It includes Stick/Eastlake architecture.  The listing was for an area of 2.8 acres (1.1 ha) with just one contributing building.

Stick style
The Stick style was a late-19th-century American architectural style, transitional between the Carpenter Gothic style of the mid-19th century, and the Queen Anne style that it had evolved into by the 1890s. It is named after its use of linear "stickwork" (overlay board strips) on the outside walls to mimic an exposed half-timbered frame.
Brzóstów
Brzóstów [ˈbʐustuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Będków, within Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) east of Będków, 18 km (11 mi) north-west of Tomaszów Mazowiecki, and 31 km (19 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Będków, Tomaszów Mazowiecki County
Będków [ˈbɛntkuf] is a village in Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Będków. It lies approximately 21 kilometres (13 mi) north-west of Tomaszów Mazowiecki and 30 km (19 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź. It is located in Łęczyca Land.

It was a private town, administratively located in the Brzeziny County in the Łęczyca Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland.
1979 Tournament Players Championship
The 1979 Tournament Players Championship was a golf tournament in Florida on the PGA Tour, held March 22–25 at Sawgrass Country Club in Ponte Vedra Beach, southeast of Jacksonville. The sixth Tournament Players Championship, it was the third at Sawgrass and Lanny Wadkins won in the wind at 283 (−5), five strokes ahead of runner-up Tom Watson.

The first two years at Sawgrass had resulted with both winners at 289 (+1), but Wadkins jumped out to a 36-hole score of 135 (−9). Gusty winds and dry greens on the weekend caused high scores, but he held on with an even-par 72 in the final round for a comfortable win.

Defending champion Jack Nicklaus finished seventeen strokes back, in a tie for 33rd place.

1978 Tournament Players Championship
The 1978 Tournament Players Championship was a golf tournament in Florida on the PGA Tour, held March 16–19 at Sawgrass Country Club in Ponte Vedra Beach, southeast of Jacksonville. The fifth Tournament Players Championship, it was the second at Sawgrass and Jack Nicklaus won his third TPC title at 289 (+1), one stroke ahead of runner-up Lou Graham. Both shot 75 (+3) in the windy final round and Nicklaus went without a birdie.

This was the fourth consecutive start for Nicklaus in 1978 that ended with a top-two finish: two wins and two second places. Four months later in July, he won his third Open Championship to become the first to win the TPC and a major title in the same calendar year, later joined by Hal Sutton (1983, PGA), Tiger Woods (2001, Masters), and Martin Kaymer (2014, U.S. Open).

Defending champion Mark Hayes finished eleven strokes back, in a tie for 28th place.
Justin Reiter
Justin Reiter (born February 2, 1981) is an American snowboard coach and former snowboarder. He won a silver medal in the parallel slalom at the 2013 FIS Snowboarding World Championships. He is also a ten-time national champion and was selected for the 2014 Winter Olympics, where he was the only American male to compete in the parallel slalom and parallel giant slalom. He had 100 starts in the FIS Snowboard World Cup and scored four podium finishes, including one win in Moscow in 2015 - the first win by an American in a parallel competition for a decade. Reiter also finished third in the overall parallel standings for the 2014-15 season. In 2016 he filed suit against the International Olympic Committee in 2016 to save parallel slalom, which had been dropped from the 2018 Pyeongchang Olympic program. In September 2017 he announced his retirement. Subsequently he took up coaching: among the snowboarders he trains are Michael Trapp, Robby Burns and Ester Ledecká.

Ester Ledecká
Ester Ledecká (Czech pronunciation: [ˈɛstɛr ˈlɛdɛtskaː], born 23 March 1995) is a Czech snowboarder and alpine skier. At the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, Ledecká won gold medals in the super-G in alpine skiing and in the parallel giant slalom in snowboarding, becoming the first person to not only compete in the Winter Olympics using two different types of equipment (skis and snowboard) but to go further and win two gold medals and do so at the same Winter Olympics. She was the second woman to win an Olympic gold in two separate disciplines but the first to do so at the same Winter Olympics. She was the first Czech to win the parallel giant slalom in snowboarding at the FIS Snowboard World Cup.