hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vasco Da Gama Assembly constituency
Vasco Da Gama Assembly constituency is one of the 40 (Legislative Assembly) constituencies of Goa state in South India. This constituency came into existence in 1989. It is also the most populated constituency of Goa.

South Goa district
South Goa district is one of the two districts that together constitute the state of Goa, India, within the region known as the Konkan. It is bounded by North Goa district to the north, while the Arabian Sea forms its western coast. It ranks among the top 25 developed districts of India. The district capital city is Margao (Madgaon), which also serves as the commercial capital of Goa.
History of the Port Adelaide Football Club
The history of Port Adelaide Football Club dates back to its founding on 12 May 1870. Since the club's first game on 24 May 1870, it has won 36 SANFL premierships, including six in a row. The club also won this competition on a record four occasions.

Greg Phillips
Greg Phillips (born 26 March 1959) is a former Australian rules football player who played for the Port Adelaide Football Club in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL) and Collingwood Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He also played 20 interstate matches for South Australia.
Mittlere Ebrach
Mittlere Ebrach (German pronunciation: [ˈmɪtləʁə ˈʔeːbʁax]; also: Mittelebrach) is a river of Bavaria, Germany.

The name translates to Mean or Middle Ebrach, in order to distinguish it from three other rivers called Ebrach nearby: the Reiche Ebrach, the Ebrach (also called Geiselwinder Ebrach, tributary of the Reiche Ebrach, not to be confused with the Attel tributary Ebrach), and the Rauhe Ebrach.

The Mittlere Ebrach flows into the Rauhe Ebrach near Burgebrach.

Burgebrach
Burgebrach (German pronunciation: [bʊʁkˈʔeːbʁax]; Mainfränkisch: Bägäbrich) is a market town in the Upper Franconian district of Bamberg and the seat of the administrative community (Verwaltungsgemeinschaft) of Burgebrach.
Land transport
Land transport is the transport or purposeful movement of people, animals and/or goods from one location to another via land-based routes. This is in contrast with other main types of transport such as maritime transport, which moves over waterbodies; and aviation, which moves via flight through the atmosphere. The two main forms of land transport are rail transport and road transport.

Wheel
A wheel is a rotating component (typically circular in shape) intended to turn on an axle bearing. The wheel is one of the key components of the wheel and axle which is one of the six simple machines. Wheels, in conjunction with axles, allow heavy objects to be moved easily facilitating movement or transportation while supporting a load, or performing labor in machines. Wheels are also used for other purposes, such as a ship's wheel, steering wheel, potter's wheel, and flywheel.

Common examples can be found in transport applications. A wheel reduces friction by facilitating motion by rolling together with the use of axles. In order for a wheel to rotate, a moment must be applied to the wheel about its axis, either by gravity or by the application of another external force or torque.
Organonickel chemistry
Organonickel chemistry is a branch of organometallic chemistry that deals with organic compounds featuring nickel-carbon bonds. They are used as a catalyst, as a building block in organic chemistry and in chemical vapor deposition. Organonickel compounds are also short-lived intermediates in organic reactions. The first organonickel compound was nickel tetracarbonyl Ni(CO)4, reported in 1890 and quickly applied in the Mond process for nickel purification.  Organonickel complexes are prominent in numerous industrial processes including carbonylations, hydrocyanation, and the Shell higher olefin process.

Catalytic cycle
In chemistry, a catalytic cycle is a multistep reaction mechanism that involves a catalyst. The catalytic cycle is the main method for describing the role of catalysts in biochemistry, organometallic chemistry, bioinorganic chemistry, materials science, etc.

Since catalysts are regenerated, catalytic cycles are usually written as a sequence of chemical reactions in the form of a loop. In such loops, the initial step entails binding of one or more reactants by the catalyst, and the final step is the release of the product and regeneration of the catalyst. Articles on the Monsanto process, the Wacker process, and the Heck reaction show catalytic cycles.

A catalytic cycle is not necessarily a full reaction mechanism. For example, it may be that the intermediates have been detected, but it is not known by which mechanisms the actual elementary reactions occur.
2002 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Women's 50 metre freestyle
The women's 50 metre freestyle competition at the 2002 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 26–27 at the Yokohama International Swimming Pool.  The last champion was Jenny Thompson of US.

This race consisted of one length of the pool in freestyle.

2002 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships
The ninth edition of the Pan Pacific Swimming Championships, a long course (50 m) event, was held in 2002 in Yokohama International Swimming Pool in Yokohama, Japan, from August 24–29.  One world record was set over the six-day competition.
Caffeyl alcohol
Caffeyl alcohol is the organic compound with the formula (HO)2C6H3-4-CHCHCH2OH.  This colourless solid is related to catechol by attachment to allyl alcohol. It is the precursor to one of the three principal lignols.

Allyl alcohol
Allyl alcohol (IUPAC name: prop-2-en-1-ol) is an organic compound with the structural formula CH2=CHCH2OH.  Like many alcohols, it is a water-soluble, colourless liquid.  It is more toxic than typical small alcohols. Allyl alcohol is used as a precursor to many specialized compounds such as flame-resistant materials, drying oils, and plasticizers.  Allyl alcohol is the smallest representative of the allylic alcohols.
Bathymunida frontis
Bathymunida frontis is a species of squat lobster in the family Munididae. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin frontis, meaning "fore part", in reference to the concave appearance of the back of the rostrum. It is found off of the Kei Islands and Indonesia, at depths between about 85 and 125 metres (279 and 410 ft).

Squat lobster
Squat lobsters are dorsoventrally flattened crustaceans with long tails held curled beneath the cephalothorax. They are found in the two superfamilies Galatheoidea and Chirostyloidea, which form part of the decapod infraorder Anomura, alongside groups including the hermit crabs and mole crabs. They are distributed worldwide in the oceans, and occur from near the surface to deep sea hydrothermal vents, with one species occupying caves above sea level. More than 900 species have been described, in around 60 genera. If one considers the members of the family Aeglidae as squat lobsters, then those numbers rise to more than 1000 species in 61 genera, and they occur at an altitude up to 3600 meters above sea level. Some species form dense aggregations, either on the sea floor or in the water column, and a small number are commercially fished.
Nusach (Jewish custom)
In Judaism, a nusach or nusakh (Hebrew: נוסח, romanized: nusáḥ, Yiddish: נוסח, romanized: núsekh, pl. נוסחים nusaḥim, Yiddish: נוסחאות, romanized: nuskhóes) is the exact text of a Jewish prayer service, sometimes translated as "rite". Nusach may more accurately translate to "formulation" or "wording".

The texts of siddurim used by the array of Jewish ethnic divisions and religious movements include Baladi-rite prayer, nusach Ashkenaz, nusach Sefard, nusach edot haMizraḥ, Italian nusach, and nusach Ari.

A textual nusach is distinct from a musical nusach, the latter referring to a community's musical style or tradition, particularly the chanted melodies used for the Amidah and other recitative prayers.

Nusach Sefard
Nusach Sefard, Nusach Sepharad, or Nusach Sfard, is the name for various forms of the Jewish siddurim designed to reconcile Ashkenazi customs with the kabbalistic customs of Isaac Luria (more commonly known as the Arizal). To this end, it has incorporated the wording of Nusach Edot ha-Mizrach or Nusach Hasfaradim, the prayer book of Sephardi Jews, into certain prayers. Nusach Sefard is used nearly universally by Hasidim, as well as by some other Ashkenazi Jews (especially Dati leumi Jews), but has not gained significant acceptance by Sephardi Jews. Some Hasidic dynasties use their own version of the Nusach Sefard siddur, sometimes with a notable divergence between different versions.
Conscious evolution
The concept of conscious evolution refers to the theoretical ability of human beings to become conscious participants in the evolution of their  cultures, or even of the entirety of human society, based on a relatively recent combination of factors, including increasing awareness of cultural and  social patterns, reaction against perceived problems with existing patterns, injustices, inequities, and other factors.

The idea of conscious evolution is not a specific theory, but it has loose connections to  integral theory, metamodernism, General Evolutionary Theory (also known as Evolutionary Systems Theory), Spiral Dynamics, and noosphere thought. Barbara Marx Hubbard also connects the idea with that of the global brain; Julie A. Yusupova associates conscious evolution with collective consciousness.
Some have suggested "conscious cultural-evolution" as a more accurate term, to reduce association with standard  biological evolution, though this is not widely applied.

Eric Chaisson
Eric J. Chaisson (pronounced chase-on) is an American astrophysicist known for his research, teaching, and writing on the interdisciplinary science of cosmic evolution. He is a member of the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, teaches natural science at Harvard University and is an elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

He has published nearly 200 peer-reviewed articles in science journals on topics including interstellar clouds and nebulae as well as the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way Galaxy, complexity science utilizing the innovative concept of energy rate density, waste heating effects on climate change, and astrobiology of life in the Universe. He also seeks to unify natural science and works to improve science education nationally and internationally.
Balcerowicz Plan
The Balcerowicz Plan (Polish: plan Balcerowicza), also termed "Shock Therapy", was a method for rapidly transitioning from an economy based on state ownership and central planning, to a capitalist market economy. Named after the Polish minister and economist Leszek Balcerowicz, the free-market economic reforms were adopted in Poland in 1989.

A group of experts, which they formed together with Balcerowicz, including Stanisław Gomułka, Stefan Kawalec and Wojciech Misiąg, in September 1989 created a reform plan based on an earlier idea of Jeffrey Sachs, and on 6 October, an outline of this plan was presented to the public by Balcerowicz at a press conference broadcast by TVP. There was a 3 year drop in output. Similar reforms were made in a number of countries. The plan has resulted in reduced inflation and budget deficit, while simultaneously increasing unemployment and worsening the financial situation of the poorest members of society.

Shock therapy (economics)
In economics, shock therapy is a group of policies intended to be implemented simultaneously in order to liberalize an economy, including liberalization of all prices, privatization, trade liberalization, and stabilization via tight monetary policies and fiscal policies. In the case of post-communist states, it was implemented in order to transition from a planned economy to a market economy. More recently, it has been implemented in Argentina by the administration of Javier Milei.
Remember Pearl Harbor (song)
"Remember Pearl Harbor" is an American patriotic march written by Don Reid and Sammy Kaye in the week immediately following the December 7, 1941 attack on the military facilities on the Hawaiian island on Oahu by naval forces of the Japanese navy. Sammy Kaye released a recording of the song on RCA Victor in 1942. The 78 recording reached no. 3 on the Billboard pop singles chart.

The song appeared in the 1987 Woody Allen film Radio Days and the 1963 film The Victors.

American patriotic music
American patriotic music is a part of the culture and history of the United States since its foundation in the 18th century. It has served to encourage feelings of honor both for the country's forefathers and for national unity. They include hymns, military themes, national songs, and musical numbers from stage and screen, as well as others adapted from many poems. Much of American patriotic music owes its origins to six main wars: the American Revolution, the American Indian Wars, the War of 1812, the Mexican–American War, the American Civil War, and the Spanish–American War. During the period prior to American independence, much of the country's patriotic music was aligned with the political ambitions of the British in the new land. And so, several songs are tied with the country's British origin.
Santo Niño, South Cotabato
Santo Niño, officially the Municipality of Santo Niño (Hiligaynon: Banwa sang Santo Niño; Cebuano: Lungsod sa Santo Niño; Tagalog: Bayan ng Santo Niño; Maguindanaon: Inged nu Santu Ninyu, Jawi: ايڠد نو سنتو نيڽو), is a municipality in the province of South Cotabato, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 39,796 people, making it the least populated municipality in the province.

Surallah
Surallah, officially the Municipality of Surallah (Hiligaynon: Banwa sang Surallah; Maguindanaon: Inged nu Surallah, Jawi: ايڠد نو سورالله), is a municipality in the province of South Cotabato, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 89,340 people.
Abovyan
40°16′26″N 44°37′32″E﻿ / ﻿40.27389°N 44.62556°E﻿ / 40.27389; 44.62556
Abovyan or Abovian (Armenian: Աբովյան [ɑbɔvˈjɑn]) is a town and urban municipal community in Armenia within the Kotayk Province. It is located 16 kilometres (10 miles) northeast of Yerevan and 32 kilometres (20 miles) southeast of the province centre Hrazdan. As of the 2022 census, the population of the town was 46,434.

With a motorway and railway running through the city connecting Yerevan with the areas of the northeast, Abovyan is considered a satellite city of the Armenian capital. Therefore, Abovyan is generally known as the "northern gate of Yerevan".

Abovyan covers an area of around 11 square kilometres (4.2 square miles).

Hrazdan (river)
The Hrazdan (Armenian: Հրազդան, Hrazdan) is a major river and the second largest in Armenia. It originates at the northwest extremity of Lake Sevan and flows south through the Kotayk Province and Armenia's capital, Yerevan; the lake in turn is fed by several streams. In the Ararat plain it joins the Aras river along the border with Turkey. It joins as a left tributary the Kura river, which then flows into the Caspian Sea.

A series of hydro-electric projects have been constructed on the Hrazdan. Its waters are in demand to irrigate crops.
Taedonggang-guyok
Taedonggang-guyŏk (Korean: 대동강구역), or Taedong River District, is one of the 18 guyŏk, and one of the six that constitute East Pyongyang, North Korea.  Taedonggang-guyŏk is on the eastern bank of the Taedong River, north of Tongdaewŏn-guyŏk and west of Sadong-guyŏk (Sadong District).  It was established in January 1958.

Tongdaewon-guyok
Tongdaewŏn-guyŏk  or Tongdaewon District is one of the 18 wards, and one of the six that constitute East Pyongyang, North Korea.  It sits on the eastern bank of the Taedong River.  It is north of Sŏn'gyo-guyŏk (Songyo District), south of Taedonggang-guyŏk  (Taedonggang District) and west of Sadong-guyŏk (Sadong District) and Ryŏkp'o-guyŏk (Ryokpho District). It was established in October 1960.
Gmina Myślenice
Gmina Myślenice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Myślenice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Myślenice, which lies approximately 26 kilometres (16 mi) south of the regional capital Kraków.

The gmina covers an area of 153.7 square kilometres (59.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 40,783 (out of which the population of Myślenice amounts to 18,070, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 22,713).

Myślenice County
Myślenice County (Polish: powiat myślenicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Myślenice, which lies 26 kilometres (16 mi) south of the regional capital Kraków. The county also contains the towns of Sułkowice, lying 10 km (6 mi) west of Myślenice, and Dobczyce, 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Myślenice.

The county covers an area of 673.3 square kilometres (260.0 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 116,793, out of which the population of Myślenice is 18,070, that of Sułkowice is 6,305, that of Dobczyce is 6,028, and the rural population is 86,390.
Sibi railway station
Sibi Junction railway station (Urdu: سبی جنکشن ریلوے اسٹیشن, Balochi: سبی جنکشن ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Sibi, Balochistan, Pakistan. It is staffed and has a booking office. The station served as the junction between the Rohri-Chaman Railway Line and Kandahar State Railway.

Rohri–Chaman Line
Rohri–Chaman Railway Line (Urdu: روہڑی–چمن مرکزی ریل راستہ) (also referred to as Main Line 3 or ML-3) is one of four main railway lines in Pakistan, operated and maintained by Pakistan Railways. The line begins from Rohri Junction station and ends at Chaman station. The total length of this railway line is 526 kilometers (327 mi). There are 38 railway stations from Rohri Junction to Chaman on this line and is famous for passing through the historic Bolan pass. This line incorporates part of the historic Sind–Pishin State Railway.
Madame de La Fayette
Marie-Madeleine Pioche de La Vergne, Comtesse de La Fayette (baptized 18 March 1634 – 25 May 1693), better known as Madame de La Fayette, was a French writer; she authored La Princesse de Clèves, France's first historical novel and one of the earliest novels in literature.

Saint-Sulpice, Paris
The Church of Saint-Sulpice (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ sylpis] ⓘ) is a Catholic church in Paris, France, on the east side of Place Saint-Sulpice, in the 6th arrondissement. As tall as Notre-Dame, it is the largest church in the city. It is dedicated to Sulpitius the Pious. Construction of the present building, the second on the site, began in 1646. During the 18th century, an elaborate gnomon, the Gnomon of Saint-Sulpice, was constructed in the church.  Saint-Sulpice is also known for its Great Organ, one of the most significant organs in the world, and its titular organists, including Charles-Marie Widor and Marcel Dupré.
Henry Strzelecki
Henry Pershing Strzelecki (August 8, 1939 – December 30, 2014) was a Nashville studio musician who performed with Roy Orbison, Chet Atkins, Waylon Jennings, Willie Nelson, Eddy Arnold, Bob Dylan, Johnny Cash, Ronnie Milsap, Merle Haggard, and many others.

Born in Birmingham, Alabama, Strzelecki began playing country music in his teens. He wrote the novelty song "Long Tall Texan," which was a hit for The Beach Boys. He worked with Chet Atkins for many years, both in the studio and on tour. He was considered a primary member of the Nashville A-Team and worked with nearly every star to come out of Nashville in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s.

In 1987 he was nominated for Bassman of the Year at the 23rd Academy of Country Music Awards. He was inducted to the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum in 2007.

Strzelecki was struck by a car in Nashville on December 22 and died of his injuries on December 30, 2014.

Ronnie Milsap
Ronnie Lee Milsap (born Ronald Lee Millsaps; January 16, 1943) is an American country music singer and pianist. He was one of country music's most popular and influential performers of the 1970s and 1980s. Nearly completely blind from birth, he became one of the most successful and versatile country "crossover" singers of his time, appealing to both country and pop music markets with hit songs that incorporated pop, R&B, and rock and roll elements. His biggest crossover hits include "It Was Almost Like a Song", "Smoky Mountain Rain", "(There's) No Gettin' Over Me", "I Wouldn't Have Missed It for the World", "Any Day Now", "Is It Over" and "Stranger in My House". He is credited with six Grammy Awards and 35 number-one country hits, fourth to George Strait, Conway Twitty, and Merle Haggard. He was selected for induction into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2014.
Lewinia
Lewinia is a genus of birds in the family Rallidae.

The genus was erected by the English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1855 with Lewin's rail Lewinia pectoralis as the type species. The genus name is from a synonym of the type species Rallus lewinii Swainson, 1837. The common name commemorates the English engraver and naturalist John Lewin (1770–1819) who settled in Australia.

Lewin's rail
Lewin's rail (Lewinia pectoralis) is a species of bird in the family Rallidae. It is also known as the water rail, Lewin's water rail, Lewin's grind rail, slate-breasted rail, slate-breasted water rail, pectoral rail, pectoral water rail, short-toed rail and short-toed water rail.

Its common name and Latin binomial commemorate English naturalist and illustrator William Lewin.

It is found in Australia, Wallacea, and New Guinea. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.
Mercury Eight
The Mercury Eight is an automobile that was produced by the American manufacturer Ford Motor Company under their now defunct division Mercury between 1939 and 1951.  The debut model line of the Mercury division, Ford positioned the full-size Mercury Eight between the Ford Deluxe (later Custom) model lines and the Lincoln.  In total, Ford assembled three generations of the Eight (before and after World War II).

During its production, the Eight offered a full range of body styles, including coupes, sedans, convertibles, and station wagons.  For its first generation, the Eight was produced with its own body, adapting its own version of a Ford body for its second generation; for the third generation, the Eight shared its body with the Lincoln.

For the 1952 model year, Ford expanded its namesake division to three nameplates and Lincoln and Mercury to two each, with Mercury replacing the Eight with Monterey (introduced in 1950 as a trim option), lasting until 1974.

Cruise-O-Matic
Ford-O-Matic was the first automatic transmission widely used by Ford Motor Company. It was designed by the Warner Gear division of Borg-Warner Corporation and introduced in 1951 model year cars, and was called the Merc-O-Matic-named when installed in Mercury-branded cars and Turbo-Drive when installed in Lincoln-branded cars. In contrast to Detroit Gear Division's three-band automatic originally designed for Studebaker, which became superseded by this unit, a variation of Warner Gear's three-speed unit named Ford-O-Matic continued to evolve later into Cruise-O-Matic transmissions in 1958 and finally the FMX-named transmissions in 1968. This line continued in production until 1980, when the AOD was introduced. Like Ford, variations of this same Borg-Warner design were used by other automobile manufacturers, as well, such as AMC, International Harvester, Studebaker, Volvo, and Jaguar, each of them having the necessary unique adaptations required for the individual applications.