hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Videocassette recorder
A videocassette recorder (VCR) or video recorder is an electromechanical device that records analog audio and analog video from broadcast television or other AV sources and can play back the recording after rewinding. The use of a VCR to record a television program to play back at a more convenient time is commonly referred to as time shifting. VCRs can also play back prerecorded tapes, which were widely available for purchase and rental starting in the 80s and 90s, most popularly in the VHS videocassette format. Blank tapes were sold to make recordings.

VCRs declined in popularity during the 2000s and in 2016, Funai Electric, the last remaining manufacturer, ceased production.

Broadcast television systems
Broadcast television systems (or terrestrial television systems outside the US and Canada) are the encoding or formatting systems for the transmission and reception of terrestrial television signals.

Analog television systems were standardized by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in 1961, with each system designated by a letter (A-N) in combination with the color standard used (NTSC, PAL or SECAM) - for example PAL-B, NTSC-M, etc.). These analog systems for TV broadcasting dominated until the 2000s.

With the introduction of digital terrestrial television (DTT), they were replaced by four main systems in use around the world: ATSC, DVB, ISDB and DTMB.
Annandale, Demerara-Mahaica
Annandale is a community in the Demerara-Mahaica region of Guyana, located on the Atlantic Ocean between Buxton, and Lusignan. Many of the inhabitants originally came from the Lusignan estate, while the former slaves of the plantation, bought the neighbouring Orange Nassau plantation and named it Buxton. Annandale is mainly an Indo-Guyanese community. It is divided in Annandale North, South, West and Courabane Park. The economy used to be dependent on the nearby sugar estates. The secondary school for the region is located in Annandale.

Demerara-Mahaica
Demerara-Mahaica (Region 4) is a region of Guyana, bordering the Atlantic Ocean to the north, the region of Mahaica-Berbice to the east, the region of Upper Demerara-Berbice to the south and the region of Essequibo Islands-West Demerara to the west.

It contains the country's capital Georgetown. Notable villages in the region include Buxton, Enmore, Victoria and Paradise.
Dedigama Electoral District
Dedigama electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between August 1947 and February 1989. The district was named after the town of Dedigama in Kegalle District, Sabaragamuwa Province. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Dedigama electoral district was replaced by the Kegalle multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections, the first under the proportional representation system.

Constitution of Sri Lanka
The Constitution of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාව, romanized: Śrī Laṅkā āndukrama vyavasthāva, Tamil: இலங்கைச் சனநாயக சோசலிசக் குடியரசின் அரசமைப்பு, romanized: Ilaṅkaic caṉanāyaka cōcalicak kuṭiyaraciṉ aracamaippu) has been the constitution of the island nation of Sri Lanka since its original promulgation by the National State Assembly on 7 September 1978. As of October 2022 it has been formally amended 21 times.

It is Sri Lanka's second republican constitution, replacing the Sri Lankan Constitution of 1972, its third constitution since the country gained  independence within the British Commonwealth as the Dominion of Ceylon in 1948, and its fourth constitution overall.
Hunter Brzustewicz
Hunter Brzustewicz (born November 29, 2004) is an American professional ice hockey player who is a defenseman for the Calgary Wranglers in the American Hockey League (AHL) as a prospect to the Calgary Flames of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was selected in the third round by the Vancouver Canucks in the 2023 NHL Entry Draft.

2023 NHL entry draft
The 2023 NHL entry draft was the 61st entry draft for the National Hockey League. The draft was held on June 28–29, 2023, at Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee

The first three selections were Connor Bedard by the Chicago Blackhawks, Leo Carlsson by the Anaheim Ducks, and Adam Fantilli by the Columbus Blue Jackets.
2014 Tokyo gubernatorial election
The 2014 Tokyo gubernatorial election took place on February 9, 2014 to replace outgoing Governor Naoki Inose, who resigned effective December 24, 2013. Yōichi Masuzoe was declared the winner in exit polling, with a substantial lead over the fifteen other candidates. His final tally was 2,112,979 votes (42.86%), with his two closest competitors Morihiro Hosokawa and Kenji Utsunomiya failing to break the 20% mark. Total turnout was 4,930,251 (46.14%), significantly lower than the 62.6% turnout in the 2012 election.

Perennial candidate
A perennial candidate is a term for a political candidate who frequently runs for elected office and rarely, if ever, wins. Perennial candidates are most common where there is no limit on the number of times that a person can run for office and little cost to register as a candidate.
CCJ
CCJ  may stand for:

Chenab College Jhang, Institute in Pakistan

Cadet College Jhelum, Institute in Pakistan

Calicut International Airport's IATA code

Conseil consultatif sur la jeunesse, a non-governmental decision-making body in the Council of Europe.

Caribbean Court of Justice – also "CCtJ"

Conference of Chief Justices

Cornway College a private, co-educational, day and boarding school in Zimbabwe.

Council of Christians and Jews

County Court judgment

Cameco's NYSE symbol

Callum Coleman-Jones, Australian rules footballer

The Johnson–Corey–Chaykovsky reaction

Cornway College
Cornway College is a private,  co-educational, day and boarding school in Mount Hampden, Mashonaland West, Zimbabwe, which is 16.5 kilometres from the Harare Central Business District. Cornway College was established in 2006 at its present location. It has a preparatory school (Cornway Junior College) and a high school (Cornway Senior College). The language of instruction is English.

Cornway has a student body with children of various nationalities from the Southern African region to as far afield as the United Kingdom. Cornway College was ranked as one of the Top 10 High Schools in Zimbabwe in 2014.
Matt Firth
Matt Firth (born 19 February 1982) is a professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s. He played at club level for Stanley Rangers ARLFC, Halifax, Keighley Cougars, Rochdale Hornets and Hunslet Hawks, as a stand-off, scrum-half or hooker.

Rochdale Hornets
The Rochdale Hornets are a professional rugby league club from Rochdale, Greater Manchester, England, competing in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league. The Rochdale Hornets are one of the original twenty-two rugby clubs that formed the Northern Rugby Football Union in 1895, making them one of the world's first rugby league clubs. Their main local rivals are Oldham, Salford Red Devils, Swinton Lions, Halifax and the Huddersfield Giants.
Alplersee
Alplersee is a lake on the slopes of the Rophaien mountain near Riemenstalden and Sisikon in the Canton of Uri, Switzerland.

There is another lake in the canton of Uri with the same name near Unterschächen.

Rophaien
The Rophaien (2,077 m) is a mountain of the Schwyzer Alps, overlooking Lake Lucerne (Urnersee) in the canton of Uri. It lies west of the Rossstock, at the western end of the range north of the Schächental.
Hugh Bolton Jones
Hugh Bolton Jones (20 October 1848 – 24 September 1927) was an American landscape painter. 
He grew up in Baltimore, Maryland, where he received his early training as an artist. While studying in New York he was strongly influenced by Frederic Edwin Church of the Hudson River School. After spending four years in Europe he settled in New York in 1881, where he shared a studio with his brother Francis Coates Jones for the rest of his long life. 
He was celebrated for his realistic depictions of calm rural scenes of the eastern United States at different times of the year, usually empty of people.
He won prizes in several major exhibitions in the US and France. His paintings are held in public collections such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Smithsonian Institution.

National Academy of Design
The National Academy of Design is an honorary association of American artists, founded in New York City in 1825 by Samuel Morse, Asher Durand, Thomas Cole, Frederick Styles Agate, Martin E. Thompson, Charles Cushing Wright, Ithiel Town, and others "to promote the fine arts in America through instruction and exhibition." Membership is limited to 450 American artists and architects, who are elected by their peers on the basis of recognized excellence.
Blinkhorn
Blinkhorn is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cec Blinkhorn (1892–1978), Australian professional rugby league footballer

Fred Blinkhorn (1901–1983), English professional association footballer

John Blinkhorn (fl. 1847–1857), owner of the Theatre Royal, Gloucester

Matthew Blinkhorn (born 1985), English professional association footballer

Paul Blinkhorn, British expert in post-Roman pottery who appeared in the TV series Time Team

Robert Blinkhorn (c. 1814–1888), Gloucester businessman

Steve Blinkhorn (born 1949), British occupational psychologist and psychometrician

Thomas Blinkhorn (1806–1856), pioneer farmer on Vancouver Island in British Columbia

Tom Blinkhorn (1903–1976), English professional rugby league footballer

Steve Blinkhorn
Stephen F. Blinkhorn, CPsychol, FBPsS (born 1949) is a British occupational psychologist and psychometrician (based in Hertfordshire), who continues to contribute to psychology and psychometric testing.

Blinkhorn is known for publishing a number of papers, many of which have taken the form of book reviews for Nature magazine, including: 'Willow, Titwillow, Titwillow' (a review of Herrnstein and Murray's The Bell Curve); 'What skulduggery?' (a review of Stephen Jay Gould's 'The Mismeasure of Man'); and 'A gender bender' (a critique on Paul Irwing and Richard Lynn's paper on sex and intelligence). Other papers have argued about the inappropriate use of the Rasch model, and the misuse of personality tests.
Tambovsky, Republic of Adygea
Tambovsky (Russian: Тамбовский; Adyghe: Тамбовскэр) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Sergiyevskoye Rural Settlement of Giaginsky District, Adygea, Russia. The population of this village was 591 as of 2018. There are 8 streets.

Adygea
Adygea (/ˌɑːdɪˈɡeɪə/ AH-dig-AY-ə), officially the Republic of Adygea or the Adygean Republic, is a republic of Russia. It is situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe. The republic is a part of the Southern Federal District, and covers an area of 7,600 square kilometers (2,900 sq mi), with a population of roughly 500,731 residents  as at 2025. It is an enclave within Krasnodar Krai and is the fifth-smallest Russian federal subject by area. Maykop is the capital and the largest city of Adygea, home to one-third of the republic's population.

Adygea is one of Russia's ethnic republics, primarily representing the indigenous Circassian people who form 25% of the Republic's population, while Russians form a majority at 60%, and with minority populations of Armenians and Ukrainians. The official languages of Adygea are Adyghe and Russian.
1990 massacre of Sri Lankan Police officers
On 11 June 1990, the militant organisation Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) carried out a massacre of unarmed police officers in Sri Lanka's Eastern Province. LTTE members allegedly killed over 600 officers that day. Some accounts estimate the number of officers killed was as high as 774.

Ranjan Wijeratne
General Ranjan Wijeratne (4 April 1931 – 2 March 1991) was a Sri Lankan planter and politician. He served in the Premadasa cabinet as Minister of Foreign Affairs and then Minister of Plantation Industries, while holding the office of State Minister for Defence during the time.
Rampuri
The Rampuri (रामपूरी चाकू) is an Indian pocket knife with a single-edged blade typically 9 to 12 inches (23 to 30 cm) long, with shorter variants also made. This includes both switchblade knives and also step-lock types. The name Rampuri comes from the town of Rampur, Uttar Pradesh. The royal bladesmiths of the local Nawabs of Rampur started making knives after the popularization of firearms after the 18th century.

The Rampuri is still in use today as a criminal weapon by the local Indian mafia, although locally made guns and sophisticated automatic pistols have largely taken their place. However, in the mid-1990s, the Government of Uttar Pradesh banned making such knives longer than 4.5 inches (11 cm) in blade length, which led to a drop in popularity of the knife.

The knife was often featured in Bollywood crime thrillers in the 1960s and 1970s.

Organised crime in India
There is no firm data to indicate the number of organised criminal gangs operating in India, their membership, their modus operandi, and the areas of their operations. Their structure and leadership patterns may not strictly fall in line with the classical Sicilian Mafia.

Indian organized crime is also prevalent outside of India, mainly in western countries such as Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom. In Canada Indian organized crime groups have been involved in extortion, targeted violence and terrorism. The ongoing diplomatic row between Canada and India is in relation to this. Unrelated to the established crime groups in India, are there also crime groups of Indian-origin engaging in criminal activities such as drugtrafficking, extortion, smuggling and money laundering in Canada and the United Kingdom.
ANSI C
ANSI C, ISO C, and Standard C are successive standards for the C programming language published by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22/WG 14 of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).  Historically, the names referred specifically to the original and best-supported version of the standard (known as C89 or C90).  Software developers writing in C are encouraged to conform to the standards, as doing so helps portability between compilers.

Porting
In software development, porting is the process of adapting software to run in a different context. Often it involves modifying source code so that a program can run on a different platform (i.e. on a different CPU or operating system) or in a different environment (i.e. with a different library or framework). It also describes adapting a change or feature from one codebase to another – even between different versions of the same software.

Software is classified as portable if it can be hosted in a different context with no change to the source code. It might be considered portable if the cost of adapting it to a context is significantly less than the cost of writing it from scratch. The lower the cost of porting relative to the cost to re-write, the more portable it is said to be. The effort depends on several factors including the extent to which the original context differs from the new context, the skill of the programmers, and the portability of the codebase.
Chloroxynil
Chloroxynil is a postemergent benzonitrile herbicide, used to control broad leaved weeds on cereal crops. It was manufactured by Rhone-Poulenc and May & Baker, and is now considered obsolete, though its usage may continue.

Chloroxynil was developed as a variant of bromoxynil, which is identical except for bromines replacing chloroxynil's chlorines. A 1972 study found chloroxynil less injurious to alfalfa and red clover, but also less potent at controlling broadleaf weeds.

Chloroxynil's MoA inhibits electron transfer in the photosystem II receptor. Its HRAC group is Group C, (Australia) C3 (global) or 6 (numeric).

HRAC classification
The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee (HRAC) classifies herbicides by their mode of action (MoA) to provide a uniform way for farmers and growers to identify the agents they use and better manage pesticide resistance around the world. It is run by CropLife International in conjunction with the Weed Science Society of America (WSSA).
Hexatron Engineering
Hexatron Engineering Co., Inc. was an American aerospace engineering, aircraft engine and aircraft parts manufacturer based in Salt Lake City, Utah. The company, which was founded in 1982 by Cy Williams, specialized in the design and manufacture of airline aircraft crew seats and also produced an aircraft engine design for homebuilt, ultralight aircraft and the American light-sport aircraft categories.

The company built cabin attendant and crew seats for the McDonnell-Douglas DC-10 and DC-9 aircraft and could modify or manufacture aircraft seats, in accordance with the Technical Standard Orders. The company had also done design and fabrication work for Aerojet, Hercules Inc., Motorola, Lockheed Corporation, Martin Marietta, Stanley Aviation, Texas Instruments and Thiokol.

In 1995 the company decided to develop a line of aircraft engines and designed the Hexadyne P60, a two-cylinder, horizontally-opposed four-stroke powerplant. It is no longer in production.

Aerojet
Aerojet was an American rocket and missile propulsion manufacturer based primarily in Rancho Cordova, California, with divisions in Redmond, Washington, Orange and Gainesville in Virginia, and Camden, Arkansas. Aerojet was owned by GenCorp, Inc., In 2013, Aerojet was merged by GenCorp with the former Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne to form Aerojet Rocketdyne.
Luc Ramos
Luc Ramos is a French rugby union referee, who regularly officiates in the Top 14 and the European Professional Club Rugby competitions. He is part of the French Rugby Federation, and is currently on the World Rugby elite panel.

French Rugby Federation
The French Rugby Federation (French: Fédération Française de Rugby, pronounced [fedeʁɑsjɔ̃ fʁɑ̃sɛːz də ʁyɡbi]; FFR) is the governing body for rugby union in France. It is responsible for the French national team and the Ligue nationale de rugby that administers the country's professional leagues.
Gyalideopsis pseudoactinoplaca
Gyalideopsis pseudoactinoplaca is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) crustose lichen in the family Gomphillaceae. The pale greenish-grey lichen forms thin, slightly shiny crusts on bark and rotting logs in cloud forest environments, and is currently known only from Costa Rica's Tenorio Volcano National Park. Unlike many lichens, it has not been observed to produce typical cup-like reproductive structures (apothecia), instead reproducing through unusual spherical, stalkless specialized structures that sit directly on the surface, which researchers believe represent an evolutionary simplification of typical reproductive structures through complete reduction of supporting elements.

Geography of Costa Rica
Costa Rica is located on the Central American Isthmus, surrounding the point 10° north of the equator and 84° west of the prime meridian. It has 212 km of Caribbean Sea coastline and 1,016 on the North Pacific Ocean.

The area of Costa Rica, including its islands, covers 51,179.92 km2 (19,760.68 sq mi) of which 40 km2 (15 sq mi) is water. It is slightly smaller than Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Shinya Miyamoto
Shinya Miyamoto (宮本 慎也, Miyamoto Shin'ya; born November 5, 1970) is a former professional baseball player from Suita, Osaka, Japan. He played shortstop.

He was chosen as the captain of the Japanese olympic baseball team for the 2004 and 2008 Summer Olympics, and won a bronze medal in 2004. He was also part of the 2006 World Baseball Classic Japanese baseball team.

Baseball at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Baseball at the 2004 Summer Olympics was held on two separate diamonds within the Helliniko Olympic Complex, from 15 to 25 August. For the second time in Olympic competition, professional baseball players were eligible to participate, though no active players from Major League Baseball were available.

The competition consisted of a preliminary round with each team playing all the other teams once, for a total of seven games. The top four teams at the end of this round advanced to the medals round. The medals round consisted of two semifinal games with the winners advancing to the gold medal game. The losing teams of the semifinals would play in the bronze medal game.
Ulrike Mathesius
Ulrike Mathesius is a German–Australian plant microbiologist in the Division of Plant Sciences at Australian National University (ANU).  She is an Australian Research Council (ARC) Future Fellow at the ANU, National Tertiary Education Union (NTEU) member and Professor at the ANU in plant science, biotechnology and plant-microbe interactions.  Her research focuses on root microbe interactions and symbionts to parasites.  Mathesius won the 2013 Fenner Medal awarded by the ARC for research in biology (excluding the biomedical sciences) for outstanding early-career researchers under the age of 40.

Fenner Medal
The Fenner Medal, named after the  Australian virologist Frank Fenner, is awarded each year by The Australian Academy of Science  for distinguished research in biology (excluding the biomedical sciences) by a scientist up to 10 years post-PhD in the calendar year of nomination.

The award is restricted to Australian residents or for biologists whose research was conducted mainly in Australia.
2016 Caribbean Series
The 2016 Caribbean Series (Serie del Caribe) is the 58th edition of the international competition featuring the champions of the Cuban National Series, Dominican Professional Baseball League, Mexican Pacific League, Puerto Rican Professional Baseball League, and Venezuelan Professional Baseball League. It took place February 1–7 at Estadio Quisqueya in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. The teams played a ten-game round robin, followed by the semifinals and championship game.

For the first time, the tournament featured a home run derby, however Major League Baseball players were barred from participating due to complaints from Major League Baseball Players Association over injury risks.

Liga de Béisbol Profesional Roberto Clemente
The Roberto Clemente Professional Baseball League (Spanish:  Liga de Béisbol Profesional Roberto Clemente, abbreviation LBPRC) is the main professional baseball league in Puerto Rico; it is colloquially referred to as the Puerto Rican Winter League. Consisting of six teams as of the 2023–24 season, the league's champion participates in the Caribbean Series.

The league was founded as Liga de Béisbol Profesional de Puerto Rico in 1938. In 2007, the league suspended operations for the first time since its creation; it resumed operations in 2008 after restructuring and changing its name to Puerto Rico Baseball League (PRBL). In May 2012, the league debuted its current name, choosing to honor Baseball Hall of Fame inductee Roberto Clemente by naming it after him and adopting his philosophy of athletic development.
Salvador Cabeza
Salvador Cabeza is a Spanish former professional tennis player.

Active on tour in the 1970s, Cabeza was a junior Sunshine Cup representative for Spain and a two-time winner of the Copa Sevilla. His best performance in a Grand Prix tournament came at the 1974 Madrid Open, where he had a win over world number 48 Vijay Amritraj, before falling to Vijay's brother Anand in the third round.

Vijay Amritraj
Vijay Amritraj (Tamil pronunciation: [ˈʋɪdʒaɪ amrit̪ˈɾaːdʒ]; born 14 December 1953) is an Indian retired professional tennis player, sports commentator and actor from Madras. He was awarded the Padma Shri (India's fourth-highest civilian honour), in 1983, and the Padma Bhushan (India's third-highest civilian honour) in 2026. In 2022, he was honored for his contributions to tennis in London by the International Tennis Hall of Fame and International Tennis Federation. On July 20, 2024 he was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in Newport, Rhode Island.