hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Goltz
Goltz is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bogumil Goltz (1801–1870), German humorist and satirist

Boris Goltz (1913–1942), Soviet composer

Christel Goltz (1912–2008), German operatic soprano

Dave Goltz (born 1949), American baseball player

Franziska Goltz (born 1985), German sports sailor

Friedrich Goltz (1834–1902), German physiologist

Gene Goltz (1930–2001), American journalist

Hans Goltz (1873–1927), German art dealer

Hendrick Goltz (1558–1617), German-born Dutch printmaker and artist

Hubert Goltz (1526–1583), Dutch printmaker and artist

Justin Goltz (born 1987), American football player

Paolo Goltz (born 1985), Argentine football player

Rick Goltz (born 1955), Canadian football player

Thomas Goltz (born 1954), American author and journalist

Ursula Goltz, German computer scientist

Ursula Goltz
Ursula Goltz was a German computer scientist, professor emerita at the Technical University of Braunschweig, formerly affiliated with the Institute for Programming and Reactive Systems there, and former coordinator of a German Research Foundation program on long-lasting software systems. Her research concerns the theory of concurrent computing, including the use of Petri nets to model concurrent systems.
Goltz earned her Ph.D. at RWTH Aachen University in 1988, with the dissertation, Über die Darstellung von CCS-Programmen durch Petrinetze.

In the theory of concurrent systems, she is known for introducing the concept of action refinement, an analogue of Niklaus Wirth's concept of stepwise refinement in the development of software systems, together with Rob van Glabbeek. She is also one of the developers of Arden2ByteCode, a compiler for the Arden syntax for representing medical knowledge.

Ursula Goltz died on 30 October 2024.
L4 ribosomal protein leader
An L4 ribosomal protein leader is  a  ribosomal protein leader involved in ribosome biogenesis. It is used as an autoregulatory mechanism to control the concentration of the ribosomal protein L4. Known Examples were predicted in Archaeoglobi with bioinformatic approaches. The structure is located in the 5′ untranslated regions of mRNAs encoding ribosomal proteins L3 (rplC), L4 (rplD), L23 (rplW) and L2 (rplB).

Ribosome biogenesis
Ribosome biogenesis is the process of making ribosomes.  In prokaryotes, this process takes place in the cytoplasm with the transcription of many ribosome gene operons.  In eukaryotes, it takes place both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleolus. It involves the coordinated function of over 200 proteins in the synthesis and processing of the three prokaryotic or four eukaryotic rRNAs, as well as assembly of those rRNAs with the ribosomal proteins. Most of the ribosomal proteins fall into various energy-consuming enzyme families including ATP-dependent RNA helicases, AAA-ATPases, GTPases, and kinases. About 60% of a cell's energy is spent on ribosome production and maintenance.

Ribosome biogenesis is a very tightly regulated process, and it is closely linked to other cellular activities like growth and division.

Some have speculated that in the origin of life, ribosome biogenesis predates cells, and that genes and cells evolved to enhance the reproductive capacity of ribosomes.
1991–92 Bundesliga
The 1991–92 Bundesliga was the 29th season of the Bundesliga, Germany's premier football league. It began on 2 August 1991 and ended on 16 May 1992. 1. FC Kaiserslautern were the defending champions.

As Germany had been reunified on 3 October 1990, this was the first season that the Bundesliga contained teams from the former East Germany.

MSV Duisburg
Meidericher Spielverein 02 e. V. Duisburg, commonly known as simply MSV Duisburg (German pronunciation: [ʔɛm ʔɛs faʊ ˈdyːsbʊɐ̯k]), is a German association football club based in Duisburg, North Rhine-Westphalia. Nicknamed Die Zebras for their traditional striped jerseys, the club was one of the original members of the Bundesliga when it was formed in 1963.
Yarınsız Adam
Yarınsız Adam is a Turkish political film by Remzi Aydın Jöntürk, the first in his trilogy. It was succeeded by Satılmış Adam (Sold Man) and Yıkılmayan Adam (Indestructible Man), both filmed in 1977. The film is about the story of Murat, portrayed by Cüneyt Arkın. Murat helps his friend, Kemal, when they are escaping from the police because they steal to survive. This help costs Murat badly and he is sent to prison. During the runtime of the film, viewers see the world from the eyes of a criminal, who lived his childhood in poverty, and understand the gap between the rich and poor in Turkey.

Just like the themes of the other political films of Jöntürk, there is a socialist message, an attribution to the inequality of the system. Jöntürk prefers to do it rather sharply in some scenes of the film. For example, the poor little boy that gets in the car of Murat directly states that the rich and the poor can't be friends because wealthy people can't understand the feelings of poor people.

Political cinema
Political cinema, in the narrow sense, refers to cinema products that portray events or social conditions, either current or historical, through a partisan perspective, with the intent of informing or agitating the spectator.

Political cinema exists in different forms, such as documentaries, short films, feature films, experimental films, and even animated cartoons.
Larryleachia perlata
Larryleachia perlata is a species of flowering plant the family  Apocynaceae. The species is a succulent plant species. The species is considered an insufficiently known species.

The plant can get up to 30 cm tall and the stems can be 2.5 cm to 6 cm.

The species is native to South Africa and Namibia. It occurs on both sides of the Orange river.

The species is threatened by erosion and overgrazing.

Overgrazing
Overgrazing occurs when plants are exposed to intensive grazing for extended periods of time, or without sufficient recovery periods. It can be caused by either livestock in poorly managed agricultural applications, game reserves, or nature reserves. It can also be caused by immobile, travel restricted populations of native or non-native wild animals.

Overgrazing reduces the usefulness, productivity and biodiversity of the land and is one cause of desertification and erosion. Overgrazing is also seen as a cause of the spread of invasive species of non-native plants and of weeds. Degrading land, emissions from animal agriculture and reducing the biomass in a ecosystem contribute directly to climate change between grazing events.
Penrose House
Penrose House is a historic building in Penrose Quay, Cork, Ireland. Built in neoclassical style, it is prominently located on the northern bank of the River Lee.

Penrose House was designed by George R. Pain of the Pain brothers and the construction started in 1832. Built of granite and limestone, the five-bay structure has two storeys. Some of the façade elements, including a frieze and a bay to the right of the entrance, were added over the years, and many 19th century features have been preserved, including the sculpture of St. George defeating a dragon on the top of the portico, four marble columns, as well as timber carvings and staircase.

River Lee
The River Lee (Irish: An Laoi) is a river in Ireland.  It rises in the Shehy Mountains on the western border of County Cork and flows eastwards through Cork, where it splits in two for a short distance, creating an island on which Cork's city centre is built, then passes through Cork Harbour on the south coast, one of the largest natural harbours in the world, to empty into the Celtic Sea.  The catchment area of the River Lee is 1,253 km2. The long-term average flow rate of the River Lee is 40.4 cubic metres per second (m3/s).

A hydro-electric scheme was built on the river, upstream from Cork City, and this part of the river now contains the Carrigadrohid and Inniscarra reservoirs. The river is crossed by 42 bridges, 29 of which are in Cork City, and one tunnel. The river also provides an 8-kilometre (5.0 mi) stretch of salmon fishing.
Mark Soloway
Dr. Mark S. Soloway (born 1943) is an American urologist and professor emeritus of urology. His work has focused on prostate, bladder, and kidney cancer research. He served as a professor and chairman of the Department of Urology at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, and as chief of urologic oncology at Memorial Hospital in Hollywood, Florida.

Soloway graduated from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, in Cleveland, Ohio, and completed his residency in urology at University Hospitals of Cleveland. He completed a two-year surgery branch fellowship at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) of the National Institute of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland. There, he developed an animal model to investigate the efficacy of several investigative chemotherapeutic drugs for bladder cancer. He later returned to Case Western Reserve to complete his residency in urology.

Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine (CWRU SOM, CaseMed) is the medical school of Case Western Reserve University, a private research university in Cleveland, Ohio. It is the largest biomedical research center in Ohio, and is primarily affiliated with University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland Clinic, and the MetroHealth System.
RNase H-dependent PCR
RNase H-dependent PCR (rhPCR) is a modification of the standard PCR technique.  In rhPCR, the primers are designed with a removable amplification block on the 3’ end.  Amplification of the blocked primer is dependent on the cleavage activity of a hyperthermophilic archaeal Type II RNase H enzyme during hybridization to the complementary target sequence.  This RNase H enzyme possesses several useful characteristics that enhance the PCR.  First, it has very little enzymatic activity at low temperature, enabling a “hot start PCR” without modifications to the DNA polymerase.    Second, the cleavage efficiency of the enzyme is reduced in the presence of mismatches near the RNA residue.  This allows for reduced primer dimer formation, detection of alternative splicing variants, ability to perform multiplex PCR with higher numbers of PCR primers, and the ability to detect single-nucleotide polymorphisms.

Hyperthermophile
A hyperthermophile is an organism that thrives in extremely hot environments—from 60 °C (140 °F) upward. An optimal temperature for the existence of hyperthermophiles is often above 80 °C (176 °F). Hyperthermophiles are often within the domain Archaea, although few bacterial examples exist. Some of them are able to live at temperatures greater than 100 °C (212 °F), deep in the ocean where high pressures increase the boiling point of water. Many hyperthermophiles are also able to withstand other environmental extremes, such as high acidity or high radiation levels. Hyperthermophiles are a subset of extremophiles. Their existence may support the possibility of extraterrestrial life, showing that life can thrive in environmental extremes.
Leptopelis ragazzii
Leptopelis ragazzii is a species of frog in the family Arthroleptidae. The species is endemic to the Ethiopian Highlands on both sides of the Great Rift Valley. Common names Ragazzi's tree frog and Shoa forest treefrog have been coined for it. It is named after Vincenzo Ragazzi (1856–1929), from the Modena Natural History Society, who explored and collected in Ethiopia.

Arthroleptidae
The Arthroleptidae /ˌɑːrθroʊˈlɛptɪdiː/ are a family of frogs found in sub-Saharan Africa. This group includes African treefrogs in the genus Leptopelis along with the terrestrial breeding squeakers Arthroleptis, and several genera restricted to the Guinean forests of central and west Africa, such as the hairy frog (Trichobatrachus).
Île des Cygnes (former island)
The Île des Cygnes or Île Maquerelle was an island on the river Seine in Paris. It was in the northwest part of the 7th arrondissement, between the Rue de l'Université and the Seine, the Invalides and the Champ de Mars. The current-day Musée du Quai Branly is located on it.

It was formed by the merger of the islets known as île des Treilles, île aux Vaches, île Maquerelle, île de Jérusalem and île de Longchamp, and was merged into the rive gauche of the Seine at the end of the 18th century.

Les Invalides
The Hôtel des Invalides (French: [o.tɛl dez ɛ̃valid]; French for 'House of Invalids'), commonly called les Invalides ([lez ɛ̃valid]; lit. 'the Invalids'), is a complex of buildings in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, France, containing museums and monuments, all relating to the military history of France, as well as a hospital and an old soldiers' retirement home, the building's original purpose. The buildings house the Musée de l'Armée, the museum of the Army of France, the Musée des Plans-Reliefs, and the Musée d'Histoire Contemporaine. The complex also includes the Cathedral of Saint-Louis-des-Invalides, the national cathedral of the French military. It is adjacent to the Royal Chapel known as the Dôme des Invalides, the tallest church building in Paris at a height of 107 metres (351 ft). The latter has been converted into a shrine to some of France's leading military figures, most notably the tomb of Napoleon.
Ganga Lake (Mongolia)
Ganga Lake (Mongolian: Ганга нуур) is a saltwater lake located in Dariganga District, Sükhbaatar Province, Mongolia. The lake lies on the transition zone between the southern steppes and the Gobi Desert, giving it a unique landscape of lakes, steppes, and sand dunes. The lake and its wetlands (of which the total area is 32.8 km²) is an important breeding and resting area for endangered migratory birds, including the great crested grebe, the whooper swan, and the ruddy shelduck.

Due to ongoing climate change, the lake area is shrinking.

Neighboring lakes include Duut Lake, Sumtiin Lake, Erdene Lake, Kholboo Lake, Züün Kholboo Lake, Tsagaan Lake, Khoshmogt Lake, Red Lake (dried up), and Zegst Lake.

The lake and its surrounding wetlands was designated a Ramsar site in 2004, and has been designated an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International.

Gobi Desert
The Gobi Desert is a large, cold desert and grassland region in southern Mongolia and North China. It is the sixth-largest desert in the world.

The name of the desert comes from the Mongolian word gobi, used to refer to all of the waterless regions in the Mongolian Plateau; in Chinese, gobi is used to refer to rocky, semi-deserts such as the Gobi itself rather than sandy deserts.
Ed Glover (politician)
Ed Glover was a state legislator in Arkansas. He represented Jefferson County, Arkansas in the Arkansas House of Representatives in 1885. He was a Republican, representing Jefferson County, Arkansas.

He was a Kentucky native, originally a farmer, a Baptist and had been resident in Arkansas for 9 years when elected in 1955 aged 36.

His fellow representatives from Jefferson County in 1885 were W. B. Jacko and S. H. Scott, elected September 1, 1884.

Arkansas House of Representatives
The Arkansas House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arkansas General Assembly, the state legislature of the US state of Arkansas. The House has 100 members elected from an equal number of constituencies across the state. Each district has an average population of 30,137, according to the 2020 federal census. Members are elected to two-year terms and, since the 2014 Amendment to the Arkansas Constitution, limited to sixteen years cumulative in either house.

The Arkansas House of Representatives meets annually, in regular session in odd number years and for a fiscal session in even number years, at the State Capitol in Little Rock.
2016 Atatürk Airport attack
The Atatürk Airport attack, consisting of shootings and suicide bombings, occurred on 28 June 2016 at Atatürk Airport in Istanbul, Turkey. Gunmen armed with automatic weapons and explosive belts staged a simultaneous attack at the international terminal of Terminal 2. Three attackers and forty-five other people were killed, with more than 230 people injured. Monitoring group Turkey Blocks identified widespread internet restrictions on incoming and outgoing media affecting the entire country in the aftermath of the attack.

Media reports indicated that the three attackers were believed by Turkish officials to have come from Russia and Central Asia. Turkish officials said the attackers were acting on behalf of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and had come to Turkey from ISIL-controlled Syria. Commentators suggested that the attacks may have been related to stepped-up pressure against the group by Turkish authorities. No one claimed responsibility for the attack.

Explosive belt
An explosive belt (also called suicide belt, suicide vest or bomb vest) is an improvised explosive device, a belt or a vest packed with explosives and armed with a detonator, worn by suicide bombers. Explosive belts are usually packed with ball bearings, nails, screws, bolts, and other objects that serve as shrapnel to maximize the number of casualties in the explosion.
Texas's 55th House of Representatives district
The 55th district of the Texas House of Representatives contains roughly half of the population of Bell County, including most of the cities of Temple and Belton, and parts of Killeen. The current representative is Hillary Hickland, who was first elected in 2024.

2016 Texas House of Representatives election
An election was held on November 8, 2016 to elect all 41 members to Texas' House of Representatives. The election coincided with the elections for other offices, including U.S. President, U.S. House of Representatives and state senate. The primary election was held on March 1, 2016 with a run-off on May 24, 2016. The winners of this election served in the 85th Texas Legislature.

Republicans retained control of the House despite losing four seats, winning 95 seats compared to 55 seats for the Democrats.
Udi, Enugu
Udi listenⓘ is a town and Local Government Area in Enugu State, Nigeria. Its headquarters is in the town of Udi on the A232 highway. The current Local government chairman is Hon Hyginus Ogbonnia Agu.

It has an area of 897 km2 and a population of 370,002 at the 2015 census.

The postal code of the area is 401.

It was the subject of the 1949 documentary film Daybreak in Udi.

A232 highway (Nigeria)
The A232 highway is a highway in Nigeria. It is one of the east-west roads linking between two of the main south-north highways.

It is named from the two highways it links, the A2 highway and A3 highway.
Adelaide Johnson (netball)
Adelaide Johnson is an Australian netball player. Johnson played with the Sydney Swifts in the Commonwealth Bank Trophy from 2005–07, winning two premierships in the last two years of the competition. With the start of the ANZ Championship in 2008, Johnson was selected to play for the New South Wales Swifts in the inaugural season, where she was the first Goal Keeper to stop Waikato Bay of Plenty Magic's dominance. During the same season, Johnson also  managed to save the Swifts from losing against the Queensland Firebirds in the dying seconds of the game, when a contact call went in Johnson's favour and her opponent, Jamaican Goal Shooter Romelda Akien was penalised.

Despite offers from both the Swifts and the Mystics Johnson did not sign to play in the 2009 ANZ Championship season.

New South Wales Swifts
New South Wales Swifts are an Australian professional netball team based in Sydney, New South Wales. Since 2017 they have represented Netball New South Wales in Super Netball. Between 2008 and 2016, they played in the ANZ Championship. The team was formed in 2007 when Netball New South Wales merged its two former Commonwealth Bank Trophy league teams, Sydney Swifts and Hunter Jaegers. In 2008, Swifts were the inaugural ANZ Championship winners. Swifts were also grand finalists in 2015 and 2016. They won their second and third premierships in 2019 and 2021. The Swifts play their home games at Ken Rosewall Arena in Sydney.
1992 XXVIII FIBA International Christmas Tournament
The 1992 XXVIII FIBA International Christmas Tournament "Trofeo Raimundo Saporta-Memorial Fernando Martín" was the 28th edition of the FIBA International Christmas Tournament. It took place at Palacio de Deportes de la Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, on 24, 25 and 26 December 1992 with the participations of Real Madrid Teka (champions of the 1991–92 FIBA European Cup), Estudiantes Argentaria (semifinalists of the 1991–92 Liga ACB), Cibona (champions of the 1991–92 A-1 Liga) and Maccabi Tel Aviv (champions of the 1991–92 Ligat HaAl).

Premijer liga (Croatian basketball)
The Super Sport Premijer liga (English: Super Sport Premier League, lit. 'Super Sport Premier League'), also known as simply Premijer liga, is the first tier level men's professional basketball league in Croatia. It began in 1991, following the breakup of SFR Yugoslavia and therefore the Yugoslav League, and is organized by the Croatian Basketball Federation.

Favbet Premijer liga, which is played under FIBA rules, currently consists of 12 teams. The most successful club is KK Cibona with 19 championship titles.
Latisana–Lignano–Bibione railway station
Latisana–Lignano–Bibione (Italian: Stazione di Latisana–Lignano–Bibione) is a railway station serving the town of Latisana and the seaside resorts of Lignano and Bibione, in the region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, northern Italy. The station is located on the Venice–Trieste railway. The train services are operated by Trenitalia.

The station opened simply as Latisana but in 1939 became Latisana–Lignano and in 1962 the station became known as Latisana–Lignano–Bibione.

Lignano Sabbiadoro
Lignano Sabbiadoro (Italian: [liɲˈɲaːno ˌsabbjaˈdɔːro]; Friulian: Lignan) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine, in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of north-eastern Italy. It is one of the main summer resorts in northern Italy and on the Adriatic Sea coast.
Rugby sevens at the 2023 Pan American Games – Women's tournament
The rugby sevens women's tournament at the 2023 Pan American Games in Santiago, Chile was held on 3–4 November 2023, with eight teams participating at the sports center in Estadio Municipal de La Pintana.

This is the third appearance of the women's tournament of Rugby sevens at the Pan American Games. United States won its first title.

Estadio Municipal de La Pintana
Estadio Municipal de La Pintana is a football stadium in La Pintana, Santiago, Chile. It is the home stadium of Santiago Morning and former home stadium for Deportes Pintana. 
The stadium holds 5,000 people.

In 2016 and 2018 the stadium hosted some games of the Americas Rugby Championship.

In May 2017 it hosted two South American Rugby Championship (which also served as qualifiers for the Rugby World Cup), games between hosts nation Chile against Brazil and Paraguay. Chile won both games.

Since 2023, Estadio Municipal became home ground of rugby union franchise Selknam. In previous seasons, the team had played at Estadio San Carlos de Apoquindo and Estadio Elías Figueroa located in Las Condes and Valparaíso respectively.
Art Institutes International Minnesota
The Art Institutes International Minnesota was a for-profit college in Minneapolis, Minnesota. It was part of The Art Institutes, a system of proprietary colleges focusing on creative industries.   The Art Institutes International Minnesota offered certificate, associate, and bachelor's degrees and at one time had an enrollment of over 2,000 students. On June 10, 2016, it was announced that the school would stop enrolling students into its programs effective immediately, closing its doors in July 2019 with the graduation of its final class.

For-profit higher education in the United States
For-profit higher education in the United States refers to the commercialization and privatization of American higher education institutions. For-profit colleges have been the most recognizable for-profit institutions, and more recently with online program managers, but commercialization has been part of US higher education for centuries. Privatization of public institutions has been increasing since at least the 1980s.