hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
International Area Studies Review
The International Area Studies Review is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by SAGE Publications on behalf of the Center for International Area Studies (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies) and the Peace Research Institute Oslo. It covers all aspects of international area studies. The editor-in-chief is Scott Gates (Peace Research Institute Oslo). It was established in 1997 and is published by SAGE Publications.

Peace Research Institute Oslo
The Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO; Norwegian: Institutt for fredsforskning) is a private research institution in peace and conflict studies, based in Oslo, Norway, with around 100 employees. It was founded in 1959 by a group of Norwegian researchers led by Johan Galtung, who was also the institute's first director (1959–1969). It publishes the Journal of Peace Research, also founded by Johan Galtung.
Hamilcar (fortifier of Drepanum)
Hamilcar (Punic: 𐤇𐤌𐤋𐤊, ḤMLK) was a general who succeeded to the command of the Carthaginians in the First Punic War. He defeated Rome's allies at the Battle of Thermae in 259 BC and killed 4,000–6,000 of them with the help of surprise and good use of military intelligence. He then captured the towns of Enna and Camarina that same year with the assistance of traitors. He was defeated at the Battle of Tyndaris in 257 BC, losing 18 ships and sinking 9 Roman ships. He failed to prevent the Roman landing in Africa, being defeated at the Ecnomus in 256 BC, one of the largest naval battles in antiquity, with the loss of 94 ships, to the Romans' 24. After the Roman invasion of Africa, Hamilcar was recalled by Carthage from Sicily. He was defeated by Marcus Atilius Regulus at the Battle of Adys in 255 BC.

Punic language
The Punic language, also called Phoenicio-Punic or Carthaginian, is an extinct variety of the Phoenician language, a Canaanite language of the Northwest Semitic branch of the Semitic languages. An offshoot of the Phoenician language of coastal West Asia (modern Lebanon and north western Syria), it was principally spoken on the Mediterranean coast of Northwest Africa, the Iberian Peninsula  and several Mediterranean islands, such as Malta, Sicily, and Sardinia by the Punic people, or western Phoenicians, throughout classical antiquity, from the 8th century BC to the 6th century AD.
Joe Salvati
Joe Salvati, wrongfully convicted of a mob-related murder, was ultimately cleared  by evidence found by Boston journalist Dan Rea.  Sentenced to life in May 1968, he was released in 1997.  As a result, the House Committee on Government Reform  investigated whether or not the Government withheld evidence.

In 1965, Edward "Teddy" Deegan was murdered in an alley in Chelsea, Massachusetts. In 2007, Judge Nancy Gertner awarded $102 million to those whose convictions were overturned, stating FBI agents were trying to protect their informants, including  "one of the true killers, Vincent "Jimmy the Bear" Flemmi, who was an FBI informant." Joe "The Animal" Barboza's testimony was crucial in convicting Mr. Salvati. At the time, it was the "single largest sum ever awarded from the federal government under the Federal Tort Claims Act."

Vincent Flemmi
Vincent James Flemmi (September 5, 1935 – October 16, 1979), also known as "Jimmy The Bear", was an American mobster who freelanced for the Winter Hill Gang and the Patriarca crime family. He was also a longtime informant for the Federal Bureau of Investigation. He was the brother of fellow mobster and government informant Stephen Flemmi.
Irwin Lewis
Irwin Tasman Lewis (21 April 1939 – 28 January 2020) was an indigenous Australian artist, who was previously a notable scholar, sportsman and public servant.  Best known as the father of Australian rules footballer Chris Lewis, a member of the West Coast Eagles' AFL premiership-winning teams in 1992 and 1994, he has been described as "something of a celebrity in Perth".

Indigenous Australian art
Indigenous Australian art includes art made by Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders, including collaborations with others. It includes works in a wide range of media including painting on leaves, bark painting, wood carving, rock carving, watercolour painting, sculpting, ceremonial clothing and sandpainting. The traditional visual symbols vary widely among the differing peoples' traditions, despite the common mistaken perception that dot painting is representative of all Aboriginal art.
Washington Place (West Virginia)
Washington Place (William Washington House) is one of the first homes built by freed slaves after the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 in Hampshire County, West Virginia, United States. Washington Place was built by William and Annie Washington in north Romney between 1863 and 1874 on land given to Annie by her former owner, Susan Blue Parsons of Wappocomo plantation.  William Washington later acquired other properties on the hills north of Romney along West Virginia Route 28 and became the first African-American land developer in the state of West Virginia. One of his subdivisions is the "Blacks Hill" neighborhood of Romney, adjacent to the Washington Place homestead. Washington Place was bought and restored by Ralph W. Haines, a local attorney and historic preservationist.

Hampshire County, West Virginia
Hampshire County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,093. Its county seat is Romney, West Virginia's oldest town (1762). The county was created by the Virginia General Assembly in 1754, from parts of Frederick and Augusta Counties (Virginia) and is the state's oldest county. The county lies in West Virginia's Potomac Highlands region.

Hampshire County is part of the Winchester, VA-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Kansas Coliseum
Kansas Coliseum was an entertainment complex in unincorporated Sedgwick County, Kansas, United States.  It was located north of Wichita at the intersection of Interstate 135 and 85th Street North.

It hosted sporting events, concerts, shows, and consisted of four pavilions, an RV park, and the 9,686-seat Britt Brown Arena, named for Harry Britton (Britt) Brown Jr., of Wichita, the former owner of The Wichita Eagle newspaper. Arena capacity could be configured for up to 12,200 people.

Interstate 135
Interstate 135 (I-135) is an approximately 95.7-mile-long (154.0 km) auxiliary Interstate Highway in central and south-central Kansas, United States. I-135, which is signed as north–south, runs between I-35 and the Kansas Turnpike in Wichita north to I-70, U.S. Highway 40 (US-40), and US-81 in Salina. Except for the first 0.46 miles (0.74 km), I-135 overlaps US-81 its entire length. The route also runs through the cities of McPherson, Newton, and Park City.

The highway was designated as Interstate 35W (I-35W) until September 1976, when it was renumbered as I-135 to conform to new AASHTO policies that eliminated most suffixed Interstate Highways. It is currently the longest three-digit spur with an odd first digit in the Interstate System.
Concho County, Texas
Concho County is a county located on the Edwards Plateau in the U.S. state of Texas. At the 2020 census, the population was 3,303. Its county seat is Paint Rock. The county was founded in 1858 and later organized in 1879. It is named for the Concho River.

Edwards Plateau
The Edwards Plateau is a geographic region forming the crossroads of Central, South and West Texas, United States. It is named in honor of Haden Edwards. It is bounded by the Balcones Fault to the south and east; the Llano Uplift and the Llano Estacado to the north; and the Pecos River and Chihuahuan Desert to the west. San Angelo, Austin, San Antonio and Del Rio roughly outline the area. The plateau, especially its southeast portion, is also known as the Texas Hill Country.
Cactus Trails
Cactus Trails is a lost 1927 American silent Western film directed by Scott Pembroke and starring Bob Custer. It was produced by Custer and Joseph P. Kennedy  and distributed through Film Booking Offices of America.

Scott Pembroke
Percy Scott Pembroke (September 13, 1889 – February 21, 1951) was an American director, actor and screenwriter. He directed more than 70 films between 1920 and 1937.

Born in San Francisco, California, Pembroke was the son of British-born parents, Samuel Joseph Pembroke and Marian—or Mary Ann—Scott.

Studios for which Pembroke directed films include Chadwick Pictures.
Maylandia mbenjii
Maylandia mbenjii is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi where it is only known from Mbenji Island.  This species can reach a length of 8.8 centimetres (3.5 in) SL.  It is also found in the aquarium trade.

Lake Malawi
Lake Malawi, also known as Lake Nyasa in Tanzania and Lago Niassa in Mozambique, (Swahili: Ziwa Nyasa) is an African Great Lake and the southernmost lake in the East African Rift system, located between Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania.

It is the fourth largest freshwater lake in the world by volume, the ninth largest lake in the world by area and the third largest and second deepest lake in Africa. Lake Malawi is home to more species of fish than any other lake in the world, including at least 700 species of cichlids. The Mozambique portion of the lake was officially declared a reserve by the Government of Mozambique on June 10, 2011, while in Malawi a portion of the lake is included in Lake Malawi National Park.

Lake Malawi is a meromictic lake, meaning that its water layers do not mix. The permanent stratification of Lake Malawi's water and the oxic-anoxic boundary are maintained by moderately small chemical and thermal gradients.
The Booze Cruise
The Booze Cruise is a series of three feature-length comedy dramas produced by Yorkshire Television and written for British television by Paul Minett and Brian Leveson. The first episode in the series premiered on ITV in 2003.

Two follow-up episodes were also created by Minett and Leveson, featuring the same characters, with the exception of Clive, who did not appear in either sequel owing to Martin Clunes' Doc Martin commitments. Daniel was now played by Tom Bennett, and only appears in The Booze Cruise II, while Amanda Abbington took on the role of Leone.

Doc Martin
Doc Martin is a British medical comedy-drama television series starring Martin Clunes as Doctor Martin Ellingham. It was created by Dominic Minghella developing the character of Dr Martin Bamford from the Nigel Cole comedy film Saving Grace (2000).

Ten series aired between 2004 and 2022, with a television film airing on Christmas Day in 2006. The ninth series premiered on ITV in September 2019. The tenth (and final) series was broadcast from 7 September 2022 to 26 October 2022; the last installment was a Christmas special that aired on 25 December 2022. On 29 December 2022 a documentary titled “Farewell Doc Martin” was shown on ITV, featuring behind-the-scenes interviews with the cast and crew as they filmed the final series. It also looked back at highlights from the 18 years of the show.
Ray Nkonyeni Local Municipality elections
The Ray Nkonyeni Local Municipality council consists of seventy-one members elected by mixed-member proportional representation. Thirty-six councillors are elected by first-past-the-post voting in thirty-six wards, while the remaining thirty-five are chosen from party lists so that the total number of party representatives is proportional to the number of votes received. In the election of 3 August 2016 the African National Congress (ANC) won a majority of forty-seven seats on the council.

Ward (South Africa)
In South Africa, wards are geopolitical subdivisions of municipalities used for electoral purposes. Each metropolitan and local municipality is delimited by the Municipal Demarcation Board into half as many wards as there are seats on the municipal council (rounding up if there are an odd number of seats). Each ward then elects one councillor directly, and the remaining councillors are elected from party lists so that the overall party representation is proportional to the proportion of votes received by each party.

After the 2021 municipal elections, there are 4,468 wards in South Africa.
Careaga
Careaga is a Spanish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Careaga family of California

Antonio Menchaca Careaga (1921–2002), Spanish novelist and poet

Alfredo Careaga (born 1942), Mexican engineer, physicist, mathematician, conservationist, and ecologist

Domingo Careaga (1897–1947), Spanish footballer

Enrique Careaga (1872–1936), Spanish engineer and footballer

Federico Chaves Careaga (1882–1978), Paraguayan politician and soldier who served as President of Paraguay

Javier Careaga (born 1967), Mexican former breaststroke swimmer Olympian

Gabriel Careaga Medina (1941–2004), Spanish sociologist, academic, and essayist

Gloria Careaga Pérez (born 1947), Mexican social psychologist and feminist

Pilar Careaga (1908–1993) was a Spanish politician and industrial engineer. She was the first woman to be mayor

Samuel Careaga (born 2002), Argentine footballer

Enrique Careaga
Enrique Timoteo González de Careaga y Bishop (19 March 1872 – 5 May 1936) was a Spanish engineer and footballer who played as a defender for Club Bizcaya, with whom he won the 1902 Copa de la Coronación. He then served as the 3rd president of Athletic Bilbao between 1903 and 1906. Under his presidency, the club officially absorbed their city rivals, Bilbao FC, and won its first two Copa del Reys titles.
The Shiranui Sea
The Shiranui Sea (不知火海, Shiranuikai) is a 1975 Japanese documentary by Noriaki Tsuchimoto. It is the fourth in a series of independent documentaries that Tsuchimoto made of the mercury poisoning incident in Minamata, Japan.

Minamata, Kumamoto
Minamata (水俣市, Minamata-shi) is a city located in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. It is on the west coast of Kyūshū and faces Amakusa islands. Minamata was established as a village in 1889, re-designated as a town in 1912 and grew into a city in 1949. As of March 2017, the city has an estimated population of 25,310 and a population density of 160 persons per km2. The total area is 162.88 km2.

Minamata is known due to Minamata disease, a neurological disorder caused by mercury poisoning. The disease was discovered in 1956. A local chemical plant was blamed for causing the disease by emitting untreated wastewater into Minamata Bay.

Lately, Minamata has focused on becoming a model environmental city. In 1999, the city obtained the ISO 14001 certification for Environmental Management. In 2001, Minamata became an official Japanese Eco-town. In 2004 and 2005, Minamata won the Japanese Top Eco-City contest.
Peter Mutkovič
Peter Mutkovič (19 October 1945 – 28 December 2023) was a Slovak footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1968 Summer Olympics. On a club level he is best remembered as a player of Slovan Bratislava. He won two caps for the Czechoslovakia national football team.

ŠK Slovan Bratislava
ŠK Slovan Bratislava (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈslɔʋam ˈbracislaʋa], "Bratislava Slavs") is a professional football club based in Bratislava, Slovakia, that plays in the Slovak First Football League. Founded as I. ČSŠK Bratislava in 1919, the club changed its name to Slovan Bratislava in 1953. Slovan is the most successful team in Slovakia with the most titles in both league and cup in the country.

Slovan Bratislava became the first and so far only club in Slovakia as well as former Czechoslovakia to win one of the European cup competitions, the Cup Winners' Cup when they defeated FC Barcelona in the final in Basel in 1969. The club also supplied seven players to the victorious Czechoslovakia team of UEFA Euro 1976.
Mahabhara
Mahabhara  is a village development committee in Jhapa District in the Province No. 1 of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 6657 people living in 1272 individual households. There were 9 wards in total but now it is a part of Gauriunj gaunpalika.

Jhapa District
Jhapa District (Nepali: झापा जिल्ला; Listenⓘ) is a district of Koshi Province in eastern Nepal named after a Rajbanshi Surjapuri language word "Jhapa", meaning "to cover" (verb). The 2021 Nepal Census, puts the total population of the district at 994,090. The total area of the district is 1,606 square kilometres.
Evangelical Lutheran Church – Peru
The Evangelical Lutheran Church - Peru (Iglesia Evangélica Luterana - Perú) is a Lutheran denomination founded in Arequipa by the Norwegian Lutheran Mission in 1978. The mission in Arequipa became an independent church in 1995, but kept support and connection with the Norwegian missionaries. As of August 2023, it is an associate member of the International Lutheran Council, having joined in 2007. It has also participated in the Global Confessional and Missional Lutheran Forum.

The IEL-P has established congregations in Arequipa, where its denominational headquarters are located, and also in Cusco, Puno, and Tacna. It operates its own Lutheran Seminary (SETELA, Seminario Teológico Luterano Andino, Andean Lutheran Theological Seminary). The IEL-P has an evangelical, confessional, conservative theology regarding the inspiration of the Bible and the historical creeds (Nicean-Athanasian, Luther's Small Catechism, and other historical documents).

Puno
Puno (Aymara and Quechua: Punu) is a city in southeastern Peru, located on the shore of Lake Titicaca. It is the capital city of the eponymous Puno Province and Puno Region; in 2017, it had a population of 135,288 (2017 census). The city was established in 1668 by viceroy Pedro Antonio Fernández de Castro as capital of the province of Paucarcolla with the name San Juan Bautista de Puno. The name was later changed to San Carlos de Puno, in honor of king Charles II of Spain. Puno has several churches dating back from the colonial period; they were built to service the Spanish population and evangelize the Quechua people.
G. W. Jones House
The George Washington Jones House is a private house located at 180 West Main Street in Marcellus, Michigan. It was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1986 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

Marcellus, Michigan
Marcellus is a village in Cass County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 1,074 at the 2020 census. The village is located within Marcellus Township. It is part of the South Bend–Mishawaka, IN-MI, Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Rhodeus suigensis
Rhodeus suigensis is a temperate freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acheilognathidae, the bitterlings.  It originated in inland rivers in Japan and the Korean peninsula. It was originally described as Pseudoperilampus suigensis by T. Mori in 1935, and has also been referred to as Rhodeus atremius suigensis in scientific literature.  The species was listed as endangered in 1994 by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, but in 1996 was relisted as "data deficient". When spawning, the females deposit their eggs inside bivalves, where they hatch and the young remain until they can swim.

Acheilognathidae
The bitterling-like cyprinids form the cyprinoid family Acheilognathidae. This family contains seven genera, although the Khanka spiny bitterling is often placed in Acheilognathus, and at least 75 described species to date. Over half of the species are in the genus Acheilognathus.
Christmas Is 4 Ever
Christmas Is 4 Ever is a 2006 Christmas-themed album by Parliament-Funkadelic bassist Bootsy Collins. The album was released in the United States by the Shout Factory label and by P-Vine Records in Japan. The album represents the first Christmas album made by any member of the P-Funk musical collective. The album features re-workings of Christmas standards such as "Silent Night", "Merry Christmas Baby", and "Sleigh Ride", as well as original compositions such as "Happy Holidaze".

Collins stated: "I’ve wanted to do a Christmas album forever, but I never really got the chance or the time to really think about doing it and putting the effort in it."

Merry Christmas Baby
"Merry Christmas Baby" is an R&B Christmas standard credited to Lou Baxter and Johnny Moore. In 1947, Johnny Moore's Three Blazers recorded the tune, featuring vocals and piano by Charles Brown. Subsequently, many performers have recorded renditions of the song, including Chuck Berry, James Brown, Ike & Tina Turner, Otis Redding, B.B. King, Elvis Presley, Bruce Springsteen, Hanson, Christina Aguilera, and Melissa Etheridge.
Eugene R. Merriam
Eugene R. "Gene" Merriam (born November 1, 1944) was an American businessman and politician.

Born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, Merriam graduated from Benilde-St. Margaret's High School in 1962. Merriam served in the United States Marine Corps. In 1967, Merriam graduated from University of Minnesota and was a certified public accountant. He lived in Coon Rapids, Minnesota. He served on the Coon Rapids City Council in 1973 and 1974 and was a Democrat. From 1975 until 1997, Merriam served in the Minnesota State Senate. From 2003 to 2007, Merriam served as commissioner of the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources.

Minnesota Department of Natural Resources
The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, or Minnesota DNR, is the agency of the U.S. state of Minnesota charged with conserving and managing the state's natural resources. The agency maintains areas such as state parks, state forests, recreational trails, and recreation areas as well as managing minerals, wildlife, and forestry throughout the state. The agency is divided into six divisions - Ecological & Water Resources, Enforcement, Fish & Wildlife, Forestry, Lands & Minerals, and Parks & Trails.
1992 Virginia Slims of Philadelphia – Singles
Monica Seles was the defending champion, but chose to rest in order to compete at the Virginia Slims Championships the following week.

Steffi Graf won the title by defeating Arantxa Sánchez Vicario 6–3, 3–6, 6–1 in the final.

Arantxa Sánchez Vicario
Aránzazu Isabel María "Arantxa" Sánchez Vicario (Spanish pronunciation: [aˈɾanθaθw isaˈβel maˈɾi.a aˈɾantʃa ˈsantʃeθ βiˈkaɾjo]; born 18 December 1971) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. She was ranked as the world No. 1 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for 12 weeks, as well as the world No. 1 in women's doubles for 111 weeks. A defensive baseliner, Sánchez Vicario won 29 WTA Tour-level singles titles and 69 doubles titles, including 14 major titles: four in singles, six in women's doubles, and four in mixed doubles. She also won four Olympic medals and five Fed Cup titles representing Spain. In 1994, Sánchez Vicario was crowned the ITF World Champion of the year.
Sahlins
Sahlins is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bernard Sahlins (1922–2013), American writer, director, and comedian

Marshall Sahlins (1930–2021), American anthropologist

Peter Sahlins (born 1957), American historian

Bernard Sahlins
Bernard Sahlins (/ˈsɑːlɪnz/; August 20, 1922 – June 16, 2013) was an American writer, director and comedian best known as a founder of The Second City improvisational comedy troupe with Paul Sills and Howard Alk in 1959. Sahlins also opened the Second City Theatre in Toronto in 1973.