hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pine Street Railway
The Pine Street Railway was a rail line in Jacksonville, Florida. It was built in the early 1880s by B. Upton and ran up Pine Street (now Main Street) to 8th Street.  When the name of the street was changed to Main Street, the railroad followed suit and changed its name to Main Street Railway.  Its tracks were originally 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge, but when the Plant System took control of the line, it began to convert its tracks to 5 ft (1,524 mm) broad gauge in order to conform with the other Jacksonville Street Railways using that same gauge.  The track gauge conversion process was completed in 1901.

5 ft and 1520 mm gauge railways
Railways with a railway track gauge of 5 ft (1,524 mm) first appeared in the United Kingdom and the United States. This gauge became commonly known as "Russian gauge", because the government of the Russian Empire chose it in 1843. Former areas and states (such as Finland) of the Empire have inherited this standard. However in 1970, Soviet Railways redefined the gauge as 1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in).

With about 225,000 km (140,000 mi) of track, 1,520 mm is the second-most common gauge in the world, after 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge.
Hazel Erskine
Hazel Erskine (née McGregor) is a Scottish curler.

At the international level, she is a three-time silver medallist at the European Championships.

At the national level, she is a 1983 Scottish women's champion curler.

European Curling Championships
The European Curling Championships are annual curling tournaments held in Europe between various European nations. The European Curling Championships are usually held in early to mid December. The tournament also acts as a qualifier for the World Championships, where the top eight nations qualify. Starting in the 2026–27 curling season, the event changed into a standalone event, where the top 10 European member associations in previous season’s World Championships qualify.

In November 1974, a six-nations tournament was held in Zürich, Switzerland which included Switzerland, Sweden, Germany, France, Italy, and Norway. In March 1975, it was decided that the championships would be competed in December.  At the semi-annual general meeting in Gävle, Sweden in April 2004, a new competition called the European Mixed Curling Championships was formed.
Stark Raving Mad
Stark Raving Mad can refer to:

Stark Raving Mad (1981 film), depicting a fictional account of the Charles Starkweather/Carol Fugate killings

Stark Raving Mad (TV series), a 1999 NBC sitcom

Stark Raving Mad (2002 film)

Stark Raving Mad (2002 film)
Stark Raving Mad is a 2002 American heist comedy film directed and written by Drew Daywalt and David Schneider and starring Seann William Scott and Lou Diamond Phillips. The film follows thief Ben McGewan (Scott), who organizes a rave at a nightclub in order to mask a bank heist. The film's soundtrack was composed by John Digweed.
Dave Marit
Dave Marit is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan in the 2016 provincial election. He represents the electoral district of Wood River as a member of the Saskatchewan Party and has been Minister of Agriculture in the cabinet of Premier Scott Moe since 2018. He had previously been Minister of Highways and Infrastructure in the government of Brad Wall from 2016 to 2018.

Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan
The Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan (French: Assemblée législative de la Saskatchewan) is the legislative chamber of the Saskatchewan Legislature in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Saskatchewan, in the name of the King of Canada. The assembly meets at the Saskatchewan Legislative Building in Regina.

There are 61 constituencies in the province, which elect members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). All are single-member districts, though the cities of Regina, Saskatoon and Moose Jaw were in the past represented through multi-member districts, with members elected through block voting.

The legislature has been unicameral since its establishment; there has never been a provincial upper house.

The 30th Saskatchewan Legislature was elected at the 2024 Saskatchewan general election.
Don Concannon
John Dennis Concannon PC (16 May 1930 – 14 December 2003), known as Don Concannon, was a British Labour Party politician.

Born in Doncaster, West Riding of Yorkshire, Concannon was educated at Rossington Secondary School and through the Extra-Mural Department of the University of Nottingham. He worked as a miner and as a National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) official. He was a councillor on Mansfield Borough Council from 1963.

Concannon was elected as the Member of Parliament for Mansfield at the 1966 election. Under Harold Wilson and James Callaghan (Prime Minister from 1976 to 1979), he served as a government whip and as Northern Ireland minister, and was appointed a member of the Privy Council in 1978. He was sponsored by the NUM.

A serious car accident led to his retirement as MP for Mansfield at the 1987 election; Alan Meale succeeded him in the seat.

Concannon died in Mansfield on 14 December 2003, aged 73.

National Union of Mineworkers (Great Britain)
The National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) is a trade union for coal workers in Great Britain, formed in 1945 out of the Miners' Federation of Great Britain (MFGB). The NUM took part in three national miners' strikes, in 1972, 1974 and 1984–85. Following the 1984–85 strike, and the subsequent closure of most of Britain's coal mines, it became a much smaller union. It had around 170,000 members when Arthur Scargill became leader in 1981, a figure which had fallen in 2023 to an active membership of 196.
Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Sarawak
The Governor of Sarawak, officially Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Sarawak (Malay: Yang di-Pertua Negeri Sarawak), is the ceremonial head of state of Sarawak, Malaysia. The Yang di-Pertua Negeri is styled Tuan Yang Terutama (lit. 'His Excellency'). The official residence of the governor is The Astana, located on the north bank of the Sarawak River in Kuching.

Wan Junaidi Tuanku Jaafar has been the Governor of Sarawak since 26 January 2024.

Sarawak River
Sarawak River (Malay: Sungai Sarawak) is located in Kuching, the capital city of Sarawak, Malaysia. It serves as a primary water source for both domestic and industrial use in Kuching and the surrounding areas. The river also plays an essential role in navigation, connecting several city landmarks via river taxis. Additionally, it supports tourism and cultural heritage through water-based activities such as the Sarawak Regatta. During the rainy season, the Sarawak River contributes to flood management through the operation of the Kuching Barrage and Shiplock, while also functioning as a drainage channel, collecting stormwater and wastewater before discharging into the South China Sea.
Buddhist personality types
Buddhism has developed a complex psychology of personality types (Pali: Puggala-paññatti), personality traits and underlying tendencies (anusaya). This was mostly developed in the Buddhist Abhidharma literature and its major concern was to identify differing types of persons for pedagogical and soteriological ends. The Buddha was said to have skillfully taught different teachings depending on each person's personality and level of mental development. The development of a personality psychology was important to the Abhidharmikas who sought to adapt Buddhist teachings and practice to each personality type so as to better lead persons to nirvana by purifying their minds of their mental defilements.

Personality type
In psychology, personality type refers to the psychological classification of individuals. In contrast to personality traits, the existence of personality types remains extremely controversial. Types are sometimes said to involve qualitative differences between people, whereas traits might be construed as quantitative differences. According to type theories, for example, introverts and extraverts are two fundamentally different categories of people. According to trait theories, introversion and extraversion are part of a continuous dimension, with many people in the middle.
1961 Coupe de France final
The 1961 Coupe de France final was a football match, held at Stade Olympique Yves-du-Manoir, Colombes on May 7, 1961, that saw UA Sedan-Torcy defeat Nîmes Olympique 3–1, thanks to goals by Max Fulgenzi, Claude Brény and Mohamed Salem.

Stade Yves-du-Manoir
The Stade Yves-du-Manoir (officially Stade olympique Yves-du-Manoir, also known as the Stade olympique de Colombes, or simply Colombes to the locals) is a rugby, track, and association football stadium in Colombes, near Paris, France.
Kiero Small
Kiero Small (born May 1, 1989) is an American college football coach and former fullback. He is the director of strength and conditioning for Purdue University, a position he has held since 2023. He was selected by the Seattle Seahawks in the seventh round of the 2014 NFL draft. He played college football at Arkansas.

Arkansas Razorbacks football
The Arkansas Razorbacks football program represents the University of Arkansas in the sport of American football. The Razorbacks compete in the 
Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). Home games are played at stadiums on or near the two largest campuses of the University of Arkansas System: Donald W. Reynolds Razorback Stadium in Fayetteville and War Memorial Stadium in Little Rock.

The program began in 1894 and has compiled an all-time record of 740–539–40, for a .576 winning percentage. The Razorbacks have won 13 conference championships and have had 58 players honored as All-Americans. Arkansas claims one national championship (1964) awarded by the Football Writers Association of America (FWAA).
Ingrid Ryland
Ingrid Ryland (born 29 May 1989) is a Norwegian former footballer who played as a right-back.

She previously played for Toppserien team Arna-Bjørnar from 2007 until 2014. In January 2015 her transfer to FA WSL club Liverpool was announced. Liverpool failed miserably to defend their WSL title and Ryland was among four players to be released by the club at the end of the 2015 season. She subsequently returned to Norway to sign for Avaldsnes IL.

She was called up to be part of the national team for the UEFA Women's Euro 2013. In the final against Germany at Friends Arena, Ryland was an unused substitute. Anja Mittag's goal gave the Germans their sixth successive European title.

Norway women's national football team
The Norway women's national football team (Norwegian: Norges kvinnelandslag i fotball) represents Norway in international football, and is controlled by the Norwegian Football Federation. The team is former European, World and Olympic champions and thus one of the most successful national teams. However, the team has endured less success since the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup.
Andy Jenkins
Andrew Jenkins (born 11 March 1971) is an English former professional darts player who competed in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. He was nicknamed "Rocky" due to his rough personality. Jenkins has reached high rankings in the PDC, but has never won a major tournament. In 2009, Jenkins was given a PDC ban for almost two years for an assault on Terry Jenkins during a non-televised PDC tournament. In 2025, Jenkins was banned from DRA regulated events for eleven years after being found guilty of match-fixing.

Darts
Darts is a competitive sport in which two or more players bare-handedly throw small sharp-pointed projectiles known as darts at a round target known as a dartboard.

Points can be scored by hitting specific marked areas of the board, though unlike in sports such as archery, these areas are distributed all across the board and do not follow a principle of points increasing toward the board's bullseye. Though a number of similar games using various boards and rules exist, the term "darts" usually now refers to a standardised game involving a specific board design and set of rules.

Darts is both a professional throwing sport and a traditional pub game.  Darts is commonly played in the British Isles, and recreationally loved around the world.
Pocket forest
A pocket forest is created by planting various native trees and shrubs in close proximity, generally as a means of rapidly restoring native plant species in damaged ecosystems. While forests naturally grow through a primary stage and then a secondary stage before reaching their climax stage, pocket forests are created by a dense planting of climax stage species which grow rapidly in competition for sunlight.

Pocket forests have been embraced by environmentalists as a means of reforesting urban spaces and teaching urban residents about native forest environments. The growing interest in pocket forests was inspired in large part by the work of Japanese botanist Akira Miyawaki, whose "Miyawaki forests" have influenced the development of a variety of pocket forest methodologies adapted to different climates and spacial constraints.

Climax community
In scientific ecology, climax community or climatic climax community is a historic term for a community of plants, animals, and fungi which, through the process of ecological succession  in the development of vegetation in an area over time, have reached a steady state. This equilibrium was thought to occur because the climax community is composed of species best adapted to average conditions in that area.  The term is sometimes also applied in soil development. Nevertheless, it has been found that a "steady state" is more apparent than real, particularly across long timescales.

The idea of a single climax, which is defined in relation to regional climate, originated with Frederic Clements in the early 1900s. The first analysis of succession as leading to something like a climax was written by Henry Cowles in 1899, but it was Clements who used the term "climax" to describe the idealized endpoint of succession.
Berwyn Mountain UFO incident
On 23 January 1974 on the Berwyn Mountains in Llandrillo, Merionethshire, Wales, lights and noises were observed that were alleged to be related to a UFO sighting on Cadair Berwyn and Cadair Bronwen. Scientific evidence indicated that the event was generated by an earthquake combined with sightings of a bright meteor widely observed over Wales and northern England at the time.

Cadair Bronwen
Cadair Bronwen is a mountain in North Wales and forms part of the Berwyn range. To the south are the higher Berwyn summits, including Cadair Berwyn. To the north lies Moel yr Henfaes and Moel Fferna, which top the north end of the Berwyn range. Cadair Bronwen used to be accompanied by a Nuttall top, Cadair Bronwen North-East Top, 700 m (2,300 ft). This top was deleted in 2007 after re-surveying.

Its summit is the highest point in the unitary authority of Wrexham.
Wheler baronets
There have been two baronetcies created for persons with the surname Wheler, one in the Baronetage of England and one in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. One creation is extant as of 2008.

The Wheler Baronetcy, of the City of Westminster in the County of London, was created in the Baronetage of England on 11 August 1660 (1660-08-11) for William Wheler, Member of Parliament for Westbury and Queenborough, with remainder to his cousin Charles Wheler.

The Wheler Baronetcy, of Otterden in the County of Kent, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 29 June 1925 (1925-06-29) for Granville Charles Hastings Wheler, Member of Parliament for Faversham. The title became extinct on his death two years later (1927 (1927).

Queenborough (UK Parliament constituency)
The constituency of Queenborough was a rotten borough situated on the Isle of Sheppey in Kent.

From 1572 until it was abolished by the Reform Act 1832, it returned two Members of Parliament. The franchise was vested in the freemen of the town, of whom there were more than 300.  Its electorate was therefore one of largest of the 56 boroughs that were abolished.  Most freemen, however, were non resident.

A small town in Kent, England, which grew as a port near the Thames Estuary.
It was formerly a municipal borough in the Faversham parliamentary division of Kent, and is two miles south of Sheerness on the Isle of Sheppey, nearby the westward entrance to the Swale, where it joins the River Medway. It is now in the Sittingbourne and Sheppey parliamentary constituency and governed by Swale Borough Council and Queenborough Town Council.
Wang Tiexin
Wang Tiexin (born 24 February 1989) is a Chinese rower. He competed in the men's lightweight coxless four event at the 2012 and 2016 Summer Olympics. He won the bronze medal at the 2014 World Rowing Championships in the men's lightweight four with Li Hui, Tian Bin and Dong Tianfeng.

Rowing at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's lightweight coxless four
The men's lightweight coxless four competition at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro was held on 6–11 August at the Lagoon Rodrigo de Freitas. This was the last time that this boat class competed, as FISA axed it after the 2017 World Rowing Championships with immediate effect.
Simwonsa (Yontan)
Simwŏnsa is a Korean Buddhist temple located in Yŏntan-gun, North Hwanghae Province, North Korea. The temple contains one of the oldest wooden buildings in North Korea, as well as a famous peach tree and stupas from the late Koryo dynasty.

Pogwang Hall (보광전/普光殿)

Built in 1374, is the fourth oldest wooden building in North Korea, and houses a painting by the famous Neo-Confucian scholar Yi Saek. The hall is notable for its elaborate doors decorated with carved lotus blossoms, fish, birds, and snakes.

Ungjin Hall (응진전/雄津殿)

The former monk's dormitory, this simple hall now houses the complex's caretakers.

North Hwanghae Province
North Hwanghae Province (Hwanghaebuk-to; Korean pronunciation: [ɸwa̠ŋ.ɦɛ.buk̚.t͈o̞], lit. "north Yellow Sea province") is a province of North Korea.  The province was formed in 1954 when the former Hwanghae Province was split into North and South Hwanghae.  The provincial capital is Sariwon.  The province is bordered by Pyongyang and South Pyongan to the north, Kangwon to the east, Kaesong Industrial Region and South Korea's Gyeonggi Province to the south, and South Hwanghae southwest.  In 2003, Kaesong Directly Governed City (Kaesong Chikhalsi) became part of North Hwanghae as Kaepung County. Later on in 2019, it was promoted as Special City (Kaesong T'ŭkpyŏlsi). Thus, it was separated from North Hwanghae.
AKO-001
AKO-001, or AKO001, is a combination of the non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and serotonergic psychedelic dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and an undisclosed "specific plant bioactive" which is under development for the treatment of stroke. While the "specific plant bioactive" in the combination and the action of this compound have not been disclosed, certain plant compounds, such as the β-carboline harmine in Banisteriopsis caapi, are reversible monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) inhibitors and inhibit the metabolism of DMT, in turn greatly potentiating DMT and allowing it to become orally active. AKO-001 is being developed by Akome Biotech. As of March 2022, the drug is in the preclinical research stage of development.

Preclinical development
In drug development,  preclinical development (also termed preclinical studies or nonclinical studies) is a stage of research that begins before clinical trials (testing in humans) and during which important feasibility, iterative testing and drug safety data are collected, typically in laboratory animals.

The main goals of preclinical studies are to determine a starting, safe dose for first-in-human study and assess potential toxicity of the product, which typically include new medical devices, prescription drugs, and diagnostics.

Companies use stylized statistics to illustrate the risks in preclinical research, such as that on average, only one in every 5,000 compounds that enters drug discovery to the stage of preclinical development becomes an approved drug.
Maeve McKean
Maeve Fahey Kennedy McKean (née Townsend; November 1, 1979 – April 2, 2020) was an American public health official, human rights attorney, and academic. A member of the Kennedy family, she was a daughter of Maryland Lieutenant Governor Kathleen Kennedy Townsend and a granddaughter of Senator Robert F. Kennedy.

McKean served as the executive director of the Global Health Initiative at Georgetown University. During the Obama administration, McKean was the first-ever Senior Advisor for Human Rights in the United States Department of State's global AIDS program and the Office of Global Affairs at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. McKean disappeared while canoeing in the Chesapeake Bay in 2020. Her body was recovered from the Chesapeake later that week.

Global Health Initiatives
Global Health Initiatives (GHIs) are humanitarian initiatives that raise and disburse additional funds for infectious diseases – such as AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria – for immunizations and for strengthening health systems in developing countries. GHIs classify a type of global initiative, which is defined as an organized effort integrating the involvement of organizations, individuals, and stakeholders around the world to address a global issue (i.e.: climate change, human rights, etc.).
Jorunn Hanto-Haugse
Jorunn Hanto-Haugse is a Norwegian orchardist, comic strip author, and illustrator.

Hanto-Haugse grew up on the Utitun farm in Djønno. She received a bachelor's degree in art from the University of Central England in Birmingham and she also studied premodern visual rhetoric at the University of Bergen. As an artist, she has had independent exhibitions in Bergen and Vadsø, and she has also exhibited in New York, Liverpool, and Seoul.

She became well known for her comic strips Reveland, Reform 94, and Skulen, which are all written in Nynorsk. Her comic strips are regularly published in Norsk Barneblad, the street newspaper Megafon, and Hordaland. They also previously regularly appeared in the newspaper EON and in the magazine Utdanning. They are also reprinted by Verdens Gang, Bergens Tidende, Larsons Gale Verden, Pondus, and the National Center for Nynorsk in Education.

Since 2014, Hanto-Haugse has also grown fruit at the Utitun farm in Djønno.

Nynorsk
Nynorsk (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈnŷːnɔʂk] ⓘ; lit. 'Modern Norwegian'  or 'New Norwegian')  is one of the two official written standards of the Norwegian language, the other being Bokmål. From 12 May 1885, it became the state-sanctioned version of Ivar Aasen's standard Norwegian language (Landsmål), parallel to the Dano-Norwegian written standard known as Riksmål. The name Nynorsk was introduced in 1929. After a series of reforms, it is still the written standard closer to Landsmål, whereas Bokmål is closer to Riksmål and Danish.

Between 10 and 15 percent of Norwegians (primarily in the west around the city of Bergen) have Nynorsk as their official language form, estimated by the number of students attending secondary schools. Nynorsk is also taught as a mandatory subject in both high school and middle school for all Norwegians who do not have it as their own language form.