hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Poplawski
Poplawski, Popławski (feminine: Popławska; plural: Popławscy) or Poplavsky is a Polish surname. Notable people include:

Artur Popławski (1860–1918), Polish chess master

Joe Poplawski (born 1957), Canadian football receiver

Jan Ludwik Popławski (1854–1908), Polish publicist and politician

Nikodem Popławski (born 1975), Polish theoretical physicist

Radosław Popławski (born 1983), Polish long-distance runner

Richard Poplawski (born 1986), the perpetrator of the 2009 shooting of Pittsburgh police officers

Robert Poplawski (1886–1953), French law professor

Stanislav Poplavsky (1902–1973), a general in the Soviet and Polish armies

Jan Ludwik Popławski
Jan Ludwik Popławski (17 January 1854 in Bystrzejowice Pierwsze – 12 March 1908 in Warsaw) was a Polish journalist, author, politician and one of the first chief activists and ideologues of the right-wing National Democracy political camp.
Pedocal
Pedocal is a subdivision of the zonal soil order.  It is a class of soil which forms in semiarid and arid regions. It is rich in calcium carbonate and has low soil organic matter. With only a thin A horizon (topsoil), and intermittent precipitation calcite, other soluble minerals ordinarily removed by water may build up in the B horizon (subsoil) forming a cemented layer known as caliche. It is not used in the current United States system of soil classification but the term commonly shows up in college geology texts.

Aridity
Aridity is the condition of geographical regions which make up approximately 43% of total global available land area, characterized by low annual precipitation, increased temperatures, and limited water availability. These areas tend to fall upon degraded soils, and their health and functioning are key necessities of regulating ecosystems’ atmospheric components.
Alyn Smith
Alyn Edward Smith (born 15 September 1973) is a Scottish politician. A member of the Scottish National Party (SNP), he served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Stirling from 2019 until 2024 when he unsuccessfully stood for the Stirling and Strathallan seat. He also served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Scotland from 2004 to 2019. He has been serving as SNP Spokesperson for Europe and EU Accession since December 2022.

Scotland (European Parliament constituency)
Scotland (Scots: Scotland, Scottish Gaelic: Alba [ˈal̪ˠapə] ⓘ) was a constituency of the European Parliament created in 1999. It elected between eight and six MEPs using the D'Hondt method of party-list proportional representation every five years from 1999 until 2020. The constituency was abolished after the United Kingdom left the European Union on 31 January 2020.
Adam Sobel
Adam H. Sobel (born 1967) is a Professor of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics and of Earth and Environmental Sciences at Columbia University. He directs its Initiative on Extreme Weather and Climate. His research area is meteorology with a focus on atmospheric and climate dynamics, tropical meteorology, and extreme weather.

He obtained his PhD at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1998 and won the American Geophysical Union Atmospheric Science Section Ascent Award in 2014.

Along with Tapio Schneider, he co-edited the review book The Global Circulation of the Atmosphere (2007). He was also featured in the 2012 NOVA documentary "Inside the Megastorm" about Hurricane Sandy, and later published the book Storm Surge: Hurricane Sandy, Our Changing Climate, and Extreme Weather of the Past and Future (2014). Overall his publications have been cited over 10,000 times, and he has an h-index of 82 as of October 2025.

American Geophysical Union
The American Geophysical Union (AGU) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization of Earth, atmospheric, ocean, hydrologic, space, and planetary scientists and enthusiasts that according to their website includes 130,000 people (not members). AGU's activities are focused on the organization and dissemination of scientific information in the interdisciplinary and international fields within the Earth and space sciences. The geophysical sciences involve four fundamental areas: atmospheric and ocean sciences; solid-Earth sciences; hydrologic sciences; and space sciences. The organization's headquarters is located on Florida Avenue in Washington, D.C.
If My Friends Could See Me Now
"If My Friends Could See Me Now", with music by Cy Coleman and lyrics by Dorothy Fields, is a song from the 1966 Broadway musical Sweet Charity. In the musical the character of Charity, played in the original New York cast by Gwen Verdon, reflects on her marvellous luck as she spends time with Vittorio. In the 1969 film adaptation of Sweet Charity, "If My Friends Could See Me Now" is performed by Shirley MacLaine.

Gwen Verdon
Gwyneth Evelyn "Gwen" Verdon (January 13, 1925 – October 18, 2000) was an American actress and dancer. She won four Tony Awards for her musical comedy performances, and she served as an uncredited choreographer's assistant and specialty dance coach for theater and film. Verdon was a critically acclaimed performer on Broadway in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s, having originated many roles in musicals, including Lola in Damn Yankees, the title character in Sweet Charity, and Roxie Hart in Chicago.

Her second husband was director-choreographer Bob Fosse, with whom she worked on a number of theater and film projects. After Fosse's death, she worked to preserve his legacy.
Rainer K. Silbereisen
Rainer K. Silbereisen (born 24 August 1944) is a German psychologist who serves as research professor of Developmental Psychology at the University of Jena, where he is also Director of the Center for Applied Developmental Science. He is a fellow of the American Psychological Association and the Association for Psychological Science, as well as a member of Academia Europaea. He has served as president of the German Psychological Society, the International Society for the Study of Behavioural Development, and the International Union of Psychological Science. He has also served as editor-in-chief of the International Journal of Behavioral Development, European Psychologist, and the International Journal of Psychology.

International Society for the Study of Behavioural Development
The International Society for the Study of Behavioural Development (ISSBD) is an international, multidisciplinary learned society dedicated to research on human development. It was established on May 31, 1969, at the University of Bonn in Bonn, West Germany. It has three associated publications: the International Journal of Behavioral Development, the ISSBD Bulletin, and a quarterly e-newsletter. It was originally registered in Amsterdam, the Netherlands in 1972, with its constitution being ratified in July of that year; in February 1973, it received royal assent from the Queen of the Netherlands.

As of 2024, it had around 1,000 members from over 73 different countries.
Azerbaijani carpet weaving
Azerbaijani carpet weaving (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan xalça toxuculuğu) is a historical and traditional activity of the Azerbaijani people. The Azerbaijani carpet is a traditional handmade textile of various sizes, with dense texture and a pile or pile-less surface, whose patterns are characteristic of Azerbaijan's many carpet-making regions. Carpet making is a family tradition transferred orally and through practice.

In 2010, the art of Azerbaijani carpet weaving in Azerbaijan was added to the UNESCO List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

Intangible cultural heritage
Intangible cultural heritage (ICH)—as opposed to a place's tangible cultural heritage, cultural properties such as historic sites, monuments, and artefacts—comprises manifestations of intellectual wealth such as customs, beliefs, traditions, folklore, language, and knowledge, as expressed in particular through craftsmanship and performance.

Responding to the perceived over-representation of Western Europe among World Heritage Sites, to help valorize cultural diversity, and following on from earlier related measures in Japan (1950) and in South Korea (1962), in 2001, UNESCO made a survey among states and NGOs to try to agree on a definition, and the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage was drafted in 2003 for its protection and promotion.
Cayco (Cusco)
Cayco (possibly from Quechua for a type of hunt) is a 5,108-metre-high (16,759 ft) mountain in the Vilcabamba mountain range in the Andes of Peru. It is situated in the Cusco Region, La Convención Province, on the border of the districts of Santa Teresa and Vilcabamba. Cayco lies southwest of Choquetacarpo and northeast of Pumasillo and a lake named Pumasillococha (possibly from in the Quechua spelling Pumasilluqucha).

Department of Cusco
Cusco,  also spelled Cuzco (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkusko]; Aymara and Quechua: Qusqu [ˈqɔsqɔ]), is a department of Peru. It is the fourth-largest in the country, after Madre de Dios, Ucayali, and Loreto, and borders the departments of Ucayali on the north; Madre de Dios and Puno on the east; Arequipa on the south; and Apurímac, Ayacucho and Junín on the west. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is Cusco, the historical capital of the Inca Empire.
FM-UWB
FM-UWB is a modulation scheme using double FM: low-modulation index digital FSK followed by high-modulation index analog FM to create a constant envelope UWB signal. FDMA techniques at the subcarrier level may be exploited to accommodate multiple users. The system is intended for low (10–50 kbit/s) and medium (50–250 kbit/s) bit rate, and short-range WPAN systems. The technology, developed at CSEM, is paving the way for true low-power LDR-UWB communication devices. FM-UWB is an optional mode in the IEEE 802.15.6 Body Area Network (BAN) standard.

Low-power wide-area network
A low-power, wide-area network (LPWAN or LPWA network) is a type of wireless telecommunication wide area network designed to allow long-range communication at a low bit rate between IoT devices, such as sensors operated on a battery.

Low power, low bit rate, and intended use distinguish this type of network from a wireless WAN that is designed to connect users or businesses, and carry more data, using more power. The LPWAN data rate ranges from 0.3 kbit/s to 50 kbit/s per channel.

A LPWAN may be used to create a private wireless sensor network, but may also be a service or infrastructure offered by a third party, allowing the owners of sensors to deploy them in the field without investing in gateway technology.
Martha and the Vandellas Live!
Martha and the Vandellas Live! is a 1967 live album by Motown girl group Martha and the Vandellas, recorded live at Detroit's Twenty Grand Club, and released on the Gordy label. Among their legion of hits including "Heat Wave", "Jimmy Mack", "Nowhere to Run", "Love (Makes Me Do Foolish Things)" and "Dancing in the Street", the group also covered a bit of Aretha Franklin in the medley of "Do Right Woman, Do Right Man" and "Respect" and The Temptations' version of the standard "For Once in My Life".

When it was announced that the group was going to appear at 20 Grand for three nights of recording, public response was so overwhelming that the management of the club was unable to handle reservations.

The album was the group's last release under the Martha and the Vandellas moniker as, not too long afterwards, they released their first single, "Honey Chile", under the name of Martha Reeves & The Vandellas. It reached number 140 on the Billboard 200, staying there for five weeks.

For Once in My Life
"For Once in My Life" is a song written by Ron Miller and Orlando Murden for Motown Records' Stein & Van Stock publishing company, and first recorded in 1965.

It was written and first recorded as a slow ballad, in 1965 by Connie Haines, but the first version to be released was by Jean DuShon in 1966. Other early versions of the ballad were issued by Nancy Wilson, the Four Tops, the Temptations, Diana Ross & the Supremes, Frank Sinatra and Tony Bennett, whose recording was the first to reach the pop charts.

The most familiar and successful version of "For Once in My Life" is an uptempo arrangement by Stevie Wonder, recorded in 1967. Wonder's version, issued on Motown's Tamla label, was a top-three hit in the United States and the United Kingdom in late 1968 and early 1969.
Zimbabwe Cycling Federation
Zimbabwe Cycling Federation reformed as Cycling Zimbabwe (CZ) is the national governing body of cycle racing in Zimbabwe.  Cycling Zimbabwe is a member of the Confédération Africaine de Cyclisme and is also affiliated to the Zimbabwe Olympic Committee.

Sports governing body
A sports governing body is a sports organization that has a regulatory or sanctioning function.

Sports governing bodies come in various forms and have a variety of regulatory functions, including disciplinary procedure for rule infractions and deciding on rule
changes in the sport that they govern. Governing bodies have different scopes. They may cover a range of sport at an internationally acceptable level, such as the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee, or only a single sport at a national level, such as the Rugby Football League. National bodies will largely have to be affiliated with international bodies for the same sport. The first international federations were formed at the end of the 19th century.
Billy Pat Wright
Billy Pat Wright (born March 17, 1937) is an American, former real estate agent, former rancher, and a former Republican member of the Missouri House of Representatives.  He represented the 159th district, which includes parts of Stoddard County, Cape Girardeau County, and Wayne County, from 2005 to 2013.  He announced his intention to run for state senate in the 25th district in 2012 in February 2011 only to drop out of the race in May 2012.

Wayne County, Missouri
Wayne County is a county located in the Ozark foothills in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,974. The county seat is Greenville. The county was officially organized on December 11, 1818, and is named after General "Mad" Anthony Wayne, who served in the American Revolution. As of August 28, 2023, Wayne County is designated the UFO Capital of Missouri, along with the city of Piedmont.
Oboler
Oboler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arch Oboler (1909–1987), American playwright, screenwriter, novelist, producer, and director

Eli M. Oboler (1915–1983), American librarian

Suzanne Oboler, Peruvian-American scholar

Suzanne Oboler
Suzanne Oboler is a Peruvian-American scholar and Professor of Latin American and Latina/o Studies at the John Jay College of Criminal Justice of the City University of New York.

Oboler is the author of Ethnic Labels, Latino Lives: Identity and the Politics of (Re)Presentation in the United States and the founding Editor of the journal Latino Studies (2002–2012). She has edited several books, including Latinos and Citizenship: The Dilemma of Belonging; Behind Bars: Latino/as and Prison in the United States (2006), and co-edited Neither Enemies nor Friends: Latinos, Blacks, Afro-Latinos (2009). Oboler is also co-Editor in Chief of The Oxford Encyclopedia of Latino/as in the United States.
Mount Simon Sandstone
The Mount Simon Sandstone is an Upper Cambrian sandstone and is found in many states in the Midwest such as Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Illinois, and Missouri.

The Mount Simon formation is the equivalent of the La Motte Sandstone formation in the St. Francois Mountains of Missouri. It was deposited in a nearshore environment, unconformably overlying Precambrian basement, and underlying the Eau Claire Formation in Wisconsin.

The Mount Simon sandstone is named after an escarpment of sandstone in Eau Claire, Wisconsin, called Mount Simon by E.O. Ulrich.

St. Francois Mountains
The St. Francois Mountains in southeast Missouri are a mountain range of Precambrian igneous mountains rising over the Ozark Plateau. This range is one of the oldest exposures of igneous rock in North America.
The name of the range is spelled out as Saint Francois Mountains in official GNIS sources, but it is sometimes misspelled in use as St. Francis Mountains to match the anglicized pronunciation of both the range and St. Francois County.
Livingston, Alabama
Livingston is a city in and the county seat of Sumter County, Alabama, United States and the home of the University of West Alabama. By an act of the state legislature, it was incorporated on January 10, 1835. As of the 2020 census, Livingston had a population of 3,436. It was named in honor of Edward Livingston, of the Livingston family of New York.

Livingston family
The Livingston family of New York is a prominent family that migrated from Scotland to the Dutch Republic, and then to the Province of New York in the 17th century. Descended from the 4th Lord Livingston, its members included signers of the United States Declaration of Independence (Philip Livingston) and the United States Constitution (William Livingston). Several members were Lords of Livingston Manor and Clermont Manor, located along the Hudson River in 18th-century eastern New York.
F1 (video game series)
F1 is a racing video game series by Codemasters under the EA Sports banner since 2021. The series holds the official license of the FIA Formula One World Championship, with the FIA Formula 2 Championship available since the 2019 game. A total of twenty-three games have been released to date, with the series' latest installment, F1 25, released in May 2025.

Feral Interactive
Feral Interactive Limited is a British video games developer and publisher for macOS, Linux, iOS, Android,  Nintendo Switch, Meta Quest and Microsoft Windows platforms. It was founded in 1996 to bring games to Mac and specialises in porting games to different platforms.

Feral have partnered with publishers like Square Enix Europe, 2K Games, Sega Europe, Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment and Codemasters to port and publish their games for platforms that the publishers themselves are not supporting. It has offered its games on digital download services like Direct2Drive since 2011.
Shadwell (surname)
Shadwell is an English surname.

Notable people with the name include:

Thomas Shadwell (c. 1642–1692), English poet and playwright

Lancelot Shadwell (1779–1850), British barrister and politician

Charles Shadwell (Royal Navy officer) (1814–1886), Commander-in-Chief, China Station

Charles Shadwell (priest) (1840–1910), jurisprudence lecturer at Oriel College, Oxford

Francis Shadwell (1851–1915), English cricketer

Arthur Shadwell (1854–1936), British physician and writer

Lancelot Cayley Shadwell (1882–1963), English writer and lyricist

Charles Shadwell (musician) (1898–1979), British conductor and bandleader

Graham Shadwell (born 1968), English international bowls player

Charles L. Shadwell
Charles Lancelot Shadwell (16 December 1840, London – 13 February 1919, Oxford) was Provost of Oriel College, Oxford, from 1905 until 1914.

Shadwell was educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford, where he matriculated in 1859 and graduated B.A. in 1863. He was subsequently a Fellow of Oriel. He was called to the bar in 1872 and lectured at Oxford on jurisprudence.
March for Our Lives Portland
March for Our Lives Portland (officially March for Our Lives Portland, OR) was a protest held in Portland, Oregon, as part of March for Our Lives, a series of rallies and marches in Washington, D.C., and more than 800 cities across the world on March 24, 2018. Students organized the event, which included a march from the North Park Blocks to Pioneer Courthouse Square where a rally featured speakers, a performance by rock band Portugal. The Man, and a surprise appearance by rapper Black Thought of hip-hop band The Roots. The protest was the city's largest since the January 2017 Women's March on Portland; the Portland Police Bureau estimated a crowd size of 12,000.

Black Thought
Tariq Luqmaan Trotter (born October 3, 1973), better known as Black Thought, is an American rapper, singer, actor, television host, and the lead MC of the hip hop group The Roots, which he co-founded with drummer Questlove in Philadelphia. Regarded as "one of the most skilled, incisive, and prolific rappers of his time", he is widely lauded for his live performance skills, continuous multisyllabic rhyme schemes, complex lyricism, double entendres, and politically aware lyrics. He and The Roots perform as the house band for The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon, frequently playing games with Fallon and his guests.
Emilov
Emilov (Bulgarian Емилов, feminine: Emilova) is a Bulgarian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eva Emilova (born 2009), Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast

Rosen Emilov (born 1977), Bulgarian footballer

Valeri Emilov Bojinov (born 1986), Bulgarian footballer

Vanesa Emilova (born 2008), Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast

Bulgarian name
The Bulgarian name system (Bulgarian: Българска именна система) has considerable similarities with most other European name systems, and with those of other Slavic peoples, especially East Slavic ones, such as the Russian name system, although it has certain unique features.

Bulgarian names usually consist of a given name, which comes first, a patronymic, which is second (and is usually omitted when referring to the person), and a family name, which comes last.
Per Christiansson
Per Mikael Christiansson (21 June 1961 – 18 January 2023) was a Swedish competitive cyclist. He competed in the individual road race and the team time trial events at the 1984 Summer Olympics. He also rode in the 1986 Giro d'Italia, but did not finish.

Christiansson died from cancer on 18 January 2023, at the age of 61.

Scandinavian Race Uppsala
Scandinavian Race is an annual bicycle road race held in Uppsala, Sweden. Between the years 1909–1937 and 1940–1945 the race was run as a time trial; in 1956 it was held as a team time trial. Since 2008, it is organized as a 1.2 event on the UCI Europe Tour. In 2020 and 2021, due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden, the Scandinavian Race was held as the Swedish National Road Race Championships.
Anniston Army Depot
Anniston Army Depot (ANAD) is a major United States Army facility for the production and repair of ground combat vehicles, overhaul of Small Arms Weapon Systems and the storage of chemical weapons, a.k.a. the Anniston Chemical Activity. The depot is located in Bynum, Alabama.

The Department of the Army established the site in 1940, buying 10,640 acres (4,310 ha) in Calhoun County, where Anniston is the county seat. The site was originally a munitions storage facility, and, later, a disposal facility.

ANAD was placed on the Superfund National Priorities List in 1990 because of soil and groundwater contamination with antimony, chromium, lead, thallium and trichloroethylene.

United States Department of the Army
The Department of the Army (DA) is one of the three military departments within the United States Department of Defense. The DA is the federal government agency within which the United States Army (U.S.) is organized. It is led by the secretary of the Army, a civilian official appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate. The highest-ranking military officer in the department is the chief of staff of the Army, who is also a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Other senior officials of the department are the under secretary of the Army (principal deputy to the secretary) and the vice chief of staff of the Army (principal deputy to the chief of staff.)

The DA is a successor to the Department of War which was originally formed in 1789 as an Executive Department of the United States. The Department of War was split by the National Security Act of 1947 into the Department of the Army and Department of the Air Force on September 18, 1947.