hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Wood (South African cricketer)
James Robert Wood (born 8 September 1985) is a South African cricketer.  Wood is a right-handed batsman who fields as a wicket-keeper.  He was born in Cape Town, Cape Province.

While studying for his degree at Durham University, Wood made his first-class debut for Durham UCCE against Durham in 2005.  He made five further first-class appearances for the university, the last of which came against Lancashire in 2007.  In his six first-class matches, he scored 170 runs at an average of 15.45, with a high score of 31.  Behind the stumps he took 2 catches and made a single stumping.

Stumped
Stumped is a method of dismissing a batter in cricket, in which the wicket-keeper puts down the wicket of the striker while the striker is out of their ground. It is governed by Law 39 of the Laws of Cricket.

Being "out of their ground" means no part of the batter's body, equipment or bat is touching the ground behind the crease.

Stumped is a special case of run out, but a stumping can only be affected by the wicket-keeper without the intervention of another fielder, when the striker is not attempting a run, and the ball must not be a no-ball. If the criteria for both stumped and run out are met, then the dismissal will be recorded as a stumping and credited to the bowler and wicket-keeper.

As always in cricket, one of the fielding team must appeal for the wicket by asking the umpires. It is the striker's end umpire who adjudicates all stumpings, and all run-out appeals at the striker's end.
Luke Smith (music producer)
Luke Smith (born 4 May 1978) is an English record producer, mixing engineer, musician and songwriter.  He was the co-founder, songwriter, guitarist and vocalist of the band Clor.  His production and writing credits include Foals, Depeche Mode, Foxes, Anna of The North, Keaton Henson, Crystal Fighters, Slow Club, Everything Everything, Fryars and Petite Noir.   He has worked on such popular and critically acclaimed albums as Total Life Forever and Sounds of the Universe.

Keaton Henson
Keaton Henson (born 24 March 1988) is an English musician, composer, visual artist, and poet.
He has released six studio albums, a wordless graphic novel titled Gloaming, published by Pocko, and a book of poetry called Idiot Verse. Henson has anxiety, and as a result, he rarely plays concerts.
Priority ceiling protocol
In real-time computing, the priority ceiling protocol is a synchronization protocol for shared resources to avoid unbounded priority inversion and mutual deadlock due to wrong nesting of critical sections. In this protocol each resource is assigned a priority ceiling, which is a priority equal to the highest priority of any task which may lock the resource. The protocol works by temporarily raising the priorities of tasks in certain situations, thus it requires a scheduler that supports dynamic priority scheduling.

Dynamic priority scheduling
Dynamic priority scheduling is a type of scheduling algorithm in which the priorities are calculated during the execution of the system. The goal of dynamic priority scheduling is to adapt to dynamically changing progress and to form an optimal configuration in a self-sustained manner. It can be very hard to produce well-defined policies to achieve the goal depending on the difficulty of a given problem.

Earliest deadline first scheduling and Least slack time scheduling are examples of Dynamic priority scheduling algorithms.
Polish Post
The Polish Post (Polish: Poczta Polska S.A., pronounced [ˈpɔtʂta ˈpɔlska]) is the state postal administration of Poland, initially founded in 1558. The company is headquartered in Warsaw and employs over 67,000 people. It is the largest mail-handling company in the country, which additionally provides courier, banking, insurance and logistics services. The digital services, such as neo-stamps, neo-letters and neo-postcards, are available through the Internet-based platform Envelo.

The two large subsidiary companies of Poczta Polska are Capital Group Poczta Polska (Post Bank) and the Pocztowe Towarzystwo Ubezpieczeń Wzajemnych (Postal Mutual Insurance Association). The State Treasury of Poland is the sole owner and shareholder of Polish Post. The current name of the ministry responsible for the Polish Post is Ministry of State Assets.

Bona Sforza
Bona Sforza (2 February 1494 – 19 November 1557) was Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania as the second wife of Sigismund the Old, and Duchess of Bari and Rossano by her own right. She was a surviving member of the powerful House of Sforza, which had ruled the Duchy of Milan since 1450.

Smart, energetic and ambitious, Bona became heavily involved in the political and cultural life of the Polish–Lithuanian union. To increase state revenue during the Chicken War, she implemented various economic and agricultural reforms, including the far-reaching Wallach Reform in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In foreign policy, she allied with the Ottoman Empire and sometimes opposed the Habsburgs. Her descendants became beneficiaries of the Neapolitan sums, a loan to Philip II of Spain that was never completely paid.
Elsa Nielsen (badminton)
Elsa Nielsen (born 26 June 1974) is an Icelandic badminton player. She competed in women's singles at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, and in women's singles at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta.

Badminton at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Women's singles
The winner of the women's singles competition received the first official badminton medal in Olympic history.  It was also the first gold medal for Indonesia, which before had only won one silver (in archery).  52 players from 27 nations competed in women's singles.
Bang–bang control
In control theory, a bang–bang controller (hysteresis, 2 step or on–off controller), is a feedback controller that switches abruptly between two states. These controllers may be realized in terms of any element that provides hysteresis. They are often used to control a plant that accepts a binary input, for example a furnace that is either completely on or completely off. Most common residential thermostats are bang–bang controllers. The Heaviside step function in its discrete form is an example of a bang–bang control signal. Due to the discontinuous control signal, systems that include bang–bang controllers are variable structure systems, and bang–bang controllers are thus variable structure controllers.

Heaviside step function
The Heaviside step function, or the unit step function, usually denoted by H or θ (but sometimes u, 1 or 𝟙), is a step function named after Oliver Heaviside, the value of which is zero for negative arguments and one for positive arguments.  Different conventions concerning the value H(0) are in use. It is an example of the general class of step functions, all of which can be represented as linear combinations of translations of this one.

The function was originally developed in operational calculus for the solution of differential equations, where it represents a signal that switches on at a specified time and stays switched on indefinitely. Heaviside developed the operational calculus as a tool in the analysis of telegraphic communications and represented the function as 1.
Bolga Ghatel
Bolgatanga Ghatel Ladies, also known as Bolga Ghatel Ladies is a women's football team based in Bolgatanga in the Upper East Region of Ghana. They were one of the 16 teams to play in the maiden edition of the Ghana Women's Premier League in 2012.

Football team
A football team is a group of players selected to play together in the various team sports known as football. Such teams could be selected to play in a match against an opposing team, to represent a football club, group, state or nation, an all-star team or even selected as a hypothetical team (such as a dream team or team of the century) and never play an actual match.

The difference between a football team and a football club is incorporation, a football club is an entity which is formed and governed by a committee and has members which may consist of supporters in addition to players. The benefit of club formation is that it gives teams access to additional volunteer or paid support staff, facilities and equipment.
Nathan Allen House
The Nathan Allen House is a historic house on Vermont Route 30 in Pawlet, Vermont.  Built about 1834, it is an excellent local example of a late Federal period farmhouse built in brick.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Vermont Route 30
Vermont Route 30 (VT 30) is a 111.870-mile-long (180.037 km) north–south state highway in the U.S. state of Vermont. VT 30 runs from U.S. Route 5 (US 5) and VT 9 in Brattleboro to US 7 and VT 125 in Middlebury. The northern portion, from Poultney to Middlebury, was part of the New England road marking system's Route 30, from which VT 30 got its number. The route passes through many historic small towns, and travel writers such as those at Southern Vermont have described the route as "idyllic" and "picturesque".
Miss Maryland's Outstanding Teen
For the state pageant affiliated with Miss Teen USA, see Miss Maryland Teen USA

The Miss Maryland's Teen competition, formerly Miss Maryland's Outstanding Teen, is the pageant that selects the representative for the U.S. state of Maryland in the Miss America's Outstanding Teen pageant.

Kinsley Potts, 16, of Pikesville, Maryland was crowned Miss Maryland's Teen on June 20, 2025, at the Maryland Theater in Hagerstown, Maryland. She competed for the title of Miss America's Teen 2026 in September 2025, in Orlando, Florida.

In January 2023, the official name of the pageant was changed from Miss Maryland's Outstanding Teen, to Miss Maryland’s Teen, in accordance with the national pageant.

Maryland Theatre (Hagerstown)
The Maryland Theatre is a music and entertainment venue located in the Arts and Entertainment District of downtown Hagerstown, Maryland. It was built in 1915, partially destroyed by fire in 1974, reopened in 1978, and expanded into a full performing arts complex in 2019. The theatre's seating capacity is 1,279 people, and it hosts performances of symphony orchestras, country artists, comedians, children's shows, pop stars, recitals, stage shows, and others. Over 81,000 patrons attended performances at the Maryland Theatre in 2005, making it one of Maryland's premier venues for the performing arts. The Maryland Symphony Orchestra performs there regularly and has been headquartered in the building since 2019. The theater features a fully restored Wurlitzer theatre organ.
Ný batterí
"Ný batterí" (Icelandic for "new batteries") is a song by Sigur Rós, released as the second single from their album Ágætis byrjun in May 2000. The first track is an extended brass intro for "Ný batterí" (credited as "performed by the SS brass band"), followed by the title track. "Bíum bíum bambaló" is a traditional Icelandic lullaby, while "Dánarfregnir og jarðarfarir" was a theme used in Iceland for death announcements on radio. The third and fourth tracks also appear on the Angels of the Universe soundtrack.

The cymbal used in "Ný batterí" was found on a street in downtown Reykjavík. The instrument was bent and had apparently been driven over. However, they liked the way it sounded and wrote the song from there.

Cymbal
The cymbals (/ˈsɪm.bəl/ ⓘ) are common percussion instruments. Often used in pairs, cymbals consist of thin, normally round plates of various copper alloys. The majority of cymbals are of indefinite pitch, although small disc-shaped cymbals based on ancient designs (such as crotales) sound a definite note. Cymbals are used in many ensembles ranging from the orchestra and percussion ensembles to jazz bands, rock bands, and marching bands. Drum kits usually incorporate at least a crash, a ride, or a crash/ride cymbal and a pair of hi-hat cymbals. A player of cymbals is known as a cymbalist.
Basel Boys Choir
The Basel Boys Choir (Knabenkantorei Basel [KKB]) is a boys' choir based in Basel, Switzerland; it grew out of the boys' choir of the Protestant Church of Basel-City, founded by Hermann Ulbrich in 1927. Today the choir is non-denominational. They sing both sacred and secular works. The choir has been under the leadership of Oliver Rudin since 2017.

In addition, the choir has been invited to participate in important music festivals, including the Lucerne Festival under James Conlon, Mario Venzago, Riccardo Chailly and Mariss Jansons, the European Music Festival in Berlin under Roland Bader, the International Festival of Boys Choirs in Poznań (Poland), as well as festivals in Nancy, Maastricht, Venice, Basel, and the Schubert Choir Festival in Vienna in 1997. The Basel Boys Choir is also the host choir of the well-known and highly successful European Festival of Youth Choirs (Europäisches Jugendchorfestival, EJCF).

Theater Basel
Theater Basel is the municipal theatre of the city of Basel, Switzerland, which is home to the city's opera and ballet companies. The theatre also presents  plays and musicals in addition to operas and operettas.

Because the theatre does not have its own orchestra, the Basel Symphony Orchestra is usually contracted to perform for opera and ballet productions as needed. For baroque-opera productions, La Cetra, the baroque orchestra of the Schola Cantorum Basiliensis, is engaged.
Christian August Steenfeldt-Foss
Christian August Steenfeldt-Foss (6 June 1878 – 26 November 1960) was a Norwegian businessperson.

He was born in Ski. He learned his trade in the companies B. T. S. for three years Fredrikstad Mekaniske Verksted for two years and J. Samuel White in Cowes for three years. He was then a manager in Brødrene Giebelhausens Trelastbruk in Fredrikstad before becoming a co-owner of Rosings Bro- og Gjærdefabrik in 1911. He later became the sole owner and chief executive officer. Together with Alfhild Røren (1886–1961) he had the daughter Wenche Foss (née Eva Wenche Steenfeldt-Foss), one of Norway's leading actresses from the 1930s to the 2000s. He died in November 1960 and was buried in Ullern. He was a Christian.

Cowes
Cowes (/kaʊz/) is an English seaport town and civil parish on the Isle of Wight. Cowes is located on the west bank of the estuary of the River Medina, facing the smaller town of East Cowes on the east bank. The two towns are linked by the Cowes Floating Bridge, a chain ferry.

Cowes has a population of 14,370 according to the 2021 Census.

Charles Godfrey Leland's 19th-century verses describe the towns poetically as "The two great Cowes that in loud thunder roar/This on the eastern, that the western shore".

Cowes has been seen as a home for international yacht racing since the founding of the Royal Yacht Squadron in 1815. It gives its name to the world's oldest regular regatta, Cowes Week, which occurs annually in the first week of August. Later, powerboat races are held.

Much of the town's architecture is still heavily influenced by the style of ornate building that Prince Albert popularised.
Novillo
Novillo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Edmundo Novillo (born 1963), Bolivian lawyer, politician and Governor of Cochabamba

Harry Novillo (born 1992), Martiniquais footballer

Joaquín Novillo (born 1998), Argentine footballer

José María Cruz Novillo (born 1936), Spanish sculptor, engraver, painter and designer

Mariano Sanz Novillo (born 1989), Spanish footballer

Edmundo Novillo
Edmundo Novillo Aguilar (born 28 January 1963) is a Bolivian lawyer, politician, and Governor of Cochabamba. His political career includes serving on the Departmental Council, as Mayor of Totora, and as a Deputy in the Bolivian Chamber of Deputies. He was Presidents of the Chamber of Deputies for four years from 2006 to 2010. He is affiliated with the Movement for Socialism (MAS-IPSP), and was the first MAS-IPSP member to serve a President of the Chamber of Deputies.

Novillo won the 2010 gubernatorial election in Cochabamba with 61.9% of the vote. He was succeeded in 2015 by Iván Canelas. On 9 November 2020, the recently inaugurated President Luis Arce appointed him Minister of Defense. It was announced on 28 December that Novillo had gone into quarantine after contracting COVID-19.
Floppyfw
floppyfw was a Linux distribution running BusyBox to provide a firewall/gateway/router on a single bootable floppy disk, but was later available in CD format.

Reviews concluded that it was a very simple and reliable gateway/firewall that could be established on small to medium-sized networks at low cost and with ease. One independent study concluded that it was " best possible security provided by a floppy-based firewall" for the repurposing of old, redundant hardware into Linux-based firewalls or routers.

Firewall (computing)
In computing, a firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on configurable security rules. A firewall typically establishes a barrier between a trusted network and an untrusted network, such as the Internet or between several VLANs. Firewalls can be categorized as network-based or host-based.
Five Members
The Five Members were Members of Parliament whom King Charles I attempted to arrest on 4 January 1642. King Charles I entered the English House of Commons, accompanied by armed soldiers, during a sitting of the Long Parliament, although the Five Members were no longer in the House at the time. The Five Members were:

John Hampden (c. 1594–1643), member for Buckinghamshire

Arthur Haselrig (1601–1661), member for Leicestershire

Denzil Holles (1599–1680), member for Dorchester

John Pym (1584–1643), member for Tavistock

William Strode (1598–1645), member for Bere Alston

Charles' attempt to coerce parliament by force failed, turned many against him, and was one of the events leading directly to the outbreak of civil war later in 1642.

Knights of Buckinghamshire
This article contains a list of the known knights of the shire who represented Buckinghamshire in the Parliament of England and similar bodies of lesser status between 1290 and 1660. It also includes details of Parliaments from 1265 to which elected knights of the shires were summoned.
Ha*Ash (album)
Ha*Ash is the self-titled debut album by American Latin pop duo Ha*Ash. It was officially released on May 11, 2003, under the Sony Music label.

Five singles and one promotional single were released from the album. Its lead single, "Odio Amarte", was released in April 2003. "Estés Donde Estés" was chosen as the album's second single, released in 2003. The next singles were "Te Quedaste", "Soy Mujer" and "Si Pruebas una Vez".

Latin pop
Latin pop (Spanish: pop latino), also referred to as Spanish-language pop (Spanish: pop en español), is a subgenre of popular music defined primarily as pop music performed in Spanish. While its foundation lies in the structural and commercial conventions of international pop music—memorable melodies, rhythmic regularity, electric instrumentation, and broad appeal—it is often enriched by stylistic influences from Latin American and Iberian musical traditions.

Emerging from Spanish-speaking musicians, Latin pop remains distinct from other Latin genres such as rock en español, tropical, reggaeton, and dance, though it may incorporate elements of these styles. In this sense, the fusion with Latin or Hispanic folk genres is characteristic but secondary to its central definition as pop music in Spanish.
Bruno the Kid
Bruno the Kid is a syndicated animated series created by Joel Madison and produced by Film Roman In association with Flying Heart Films, Taurus Film GmbH and Co. and Nickelodeon UK. The series consists of 36 half-hour episodes, and ran from September 23, 1996, to May 26, 1997. Spanish-dubbed episodes of the series aired on Univision in the United States from September 16, 2000, to September 8, 2001, as part of the ¡De Cabeza! Saturday Morning Block. It also has Spanish-dubbed episodes of the series aired on Telefutura from 2003 as part of Toonturama on Saturday and Sunday Morning Block along with The Twisted Tales of Felix the Cat and Mortal Kombat: Defenders of the Realm.

Film Roman
Film Roman, LLC. was an American animation studio based in Burbank, California and later in Woodland Hills, California. The company had several owners including Digital Production Services, Ltd., IDT Entertainment, Starz, Inc. and Waterman Entertainment.

Founded by veteran animator and director Phil Roman on October 26, 1984, it is best known for providing animation for the Garfield primetime specials, based on Jim Davis' comic strip of the same name. The studio also produced the animated series The Simpsons, The Critic, King of the Hill, Family Guy, Wow! Wow! Wubbzy!, The Goode Family, and Dan Vs..
Halanaerobiales
The Halanaerobiales are an order of bacteria placed within the class Clostridia, and encompassing two families, the Halanaerobiaceae and the Halobacteroidaceae. Originally placed within the highly polyphyletic class Clostridia, according to the NCBI and LPSN, it is now thought to lie outside the Bacillota.  Halanaerobiales are halophilic obligate anaerobes with a fermentative or homoacetogenic metabolism.

Class (biology)
In biological taxonomy, class (Latin: classis) is  a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit (i.e., a taxon) in that rank. It is a group of related taxonomic orders. Other well-known ranks in descending order of size are domain, kingdom, phylum, order, family, genus, and species, with class ranking between phylum and order.
Ali Al-Nono
Ali Al-Nono (Arabic: علي النونو, born 7 June 1980) is a Yemeni former professional footballer who played as a striker. He was the captain of the Yemen national football team, and is the all-time highest goalscorer in the history of the Yemeni League.

Yemen national football team
The Yemen national football team (Arabic: منتخب الْيَمَن لِكُرَّةُ الْقَدَم) represents Yemen in men's international football and is administered by the Yemen Football Association.

When Yemen was split into North and South, two national teams existed. The current Yemeni national team inherits the records of North Yemen.

Despite being the 5th most populated country in the Middle East, Yemen has never achieved the same success as those with much smaller populations, only qualifying for the AFC Asian Cup once after unification in 1990.
Stephen Fischmann
Stephen H. Fischmann is an American politician from New Mexico. He was a member of the New Mexico Public Regulation Commission from the 5th district, covering all of Catron, Doña Ana, Grant, Hidalgo, Luna, Sierra, and Valencia Counties and parts of Lincoln, Otero, Socorro, and Torrance Counties.

Torrance County, New Mexico
Torrance County is a county located in the center of the U.S. state of New Mexico. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,045. The county seat is Estancia.

The geographic center of New Mexico is located in Torrance County, southwest of the Village of Willard, and in 2010, the center of population of New Mexico was located in Torrance County, near Manzano.  Torrance County is included in the Albuquerque metropolitan area.
Cheshire and Warrington Combined Authority
The Cheshire and Warrington Combined Authority is a combined authority in North West England.

The creation of the combined authority is linked to the English Devolution Bill, first outlined in 2024 by the Starmer ministry. It will have a directly elected mayor. The first election will be held in 2027.

The combined authority was established on 24 February 2026 by secondary legislation made on 23 February 2026.

North West England
North West England is one of nine official regions of England and consists of the ceremonial counties of Cheshire, Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Lancashire and Merseyside. The North West had a population of 7,417,397 in 2021. It is the third-most-populated region in the United Kingdom, after the South East and Greater London. The largest settlements are Manchester and Liverpool. It is one of the three regions, alongside North East England and Yorkshire and the Humber, that make up Northern England.