hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ciporan Island
Ciporan Island (Chinese：奚卜蘭島), also referred to as Shiqiu Island and as Benten Island during the Japanese occupation, is an island located at the mouth of the Xiuguluan River in Gangkou and Jingpu villages of Fengbin Township, Hualien County, Taiwan. The island covers an area equivalent to approximately half a football field. Although Ciporan Island has long been subjected to erosion by seawater and river currents, its composition of volcanic breccia has given it a very hard geological structure, allowing it to stand firm over time. On the eastern side of Ciporan Island, the combined effects of seawater erosion and crustal uplift have created two marine abrasion platforms, featuring sea cave landscapes. Ciporan Island is also part of the Huadong Coastal Reserve.

Earth's crustal evolution
Earth's crustal evolution involves the formation, destruction and renewal of the rocky outer shell at that planet's surface.

The variation in composition within the Earth's crust is much greater than that of other terrestrial planets. Mars, Venus, Mercury and other planetary bodies have relatively quasi-uniform crusts unlike that of the Earth which contains both oceanic and continental plates. This unique property reflects the complex series of crustal processes that have taken place throughout the planet's history, including the ongoing process of plate tectonics.

The proposed mechanisms regarding Earth's crustal evolution take a theory-orientated approach. Fragmentary geologic evidence and observations provide the basis for hypothetical solutions to problems relating to the early Earth system. Therefore, a combination of these theories creates both a framework of current understanding and also a platform for future study.
Persifor Frazer Smith
Persifor Frazer Smith (November 16, 1798 – May 17, 1858) was an American military officer. He served as an officer in the Louisiana State militia and as Louisiana State adjutant general. He led two regiments of Louisiana and Pennsylvania volunteers during the Second Seminole War. He served as a colonel in the United States Army during the Mexican–American War, was brevetted to major general, and became known as the "hero of Contreras". He commanded the Pacific Division from 1848 to 1849 including as the 6th Military governor of California from February to April 1849. He commanded the Department of Texas from 1850 to 1856 and the Department of the West from 1856 to 1858 during the Bleeding Kansas conflict.  In 1858, he was appointed commander of the Department of Utah with orders to quell the Mormon Rebellion, but died at Fort Leavenworth before he could take command.

State adjutant general
Each state in the United States has a senior military officer, as the state adjutant general, who is the de facto commander of a state's military forces, including the National Guard residing within the state, the state's naval militia, and any state defense forces. This officer is known as TAG (The Adjutant General), and is subordinated to the chief executive (generally the state's governor). They do not have authority over police forces, only military forces.
No Policy
No Policy is the debut studio EP by the American hardcore punk band State of Alert, the first band to be fronted by Henry Rollins. Consisting of ten tracks, it was recorded at Inner Ear Studios in Arlington, Virginia, produced by Skip Groff and engineered by Inner Ear owner Don Zientara. No Policy was released on Dischord Records in March 1981, as the label's second release. No Policy was financed by Rollins, as Dischord was tied up in releasing Minor Threat's debut EP.

Inner Ear Studios
38°50′38″N 77°05′22″W﻿ / ﻿38.8439°N 77.0895°W﻿ / 38.8439; -77.0895

Inner Ear Studios is a recording studio founded in Arlington, Virginia that has been in operation since the late 1970s. Originally started in founder Don Zientara's basement, the studio spent many years on South Oakland St. in Arlington. The studio is now back in Don's basement, and has been in continuous operation for over 40 years. During that time, virtually all of Washington, DC's most widely recognized and acclaimed bands have recorded there. The studio is known for its association with the Washington, D.C. hardcore scene.
Mary Webb School and Science College
Mary Webb School and Science College is a coeducational secondary school located in Pontesbury, Shropshire, England.

Founded in 1957, it was originally titled Pontesbury Secondary Modern School. In 1977, following the abolition of the tripartite system, the school became a comprehensive school. The Mary Webb School, named after the novelist and poet of the same name, was designated a specialist Science College in 2003.

Previously a community school administered by Shropshire Council, in January 2019 Mary Webb School converted to academy status. The school is now sponsored by the Central Shropshire Academy Trust.

Community school (England and Wales)
A community school in England and Wales is a type of state-funded school in which the local education authority employs the school's staff, is responsible for the school's admissions and owns the school's estate. The formal use of this name to describe a school derives from the School Standards and Framework Act 1998.
Diego José Hilaris
Diego José Hilaris (17?? - 18??) was a Dominican painter during the colonial period and one of the few colonial artists whose works and legacy survive today. Believed to be born in Higüey, his series of paintings cover miracles of the Virgin Mary, or Virgen de la Altagracia, throughout the colony. Hilaris's paintings can be described as naïve art, as he was not formally trained, though  they are considered significant in their historical, religious, anthropological, and artistic value for depicting costumbrist scenes during the country’s colonial era.

Higüey
Higüey (Spanish pronunciation: [iˈɣwej]), or in full Salvaleón de Higüey, is the capital city of the eastern La Altagracia Province, in the Dominican Republic, and has 415,084 inhabitants, according to the 2022 census. The Yuma River flows through the urban areas of Higüey.

Higüey is also the name of a former native chiefdom in Hispaniola's easternmost end when Christopher Columbus arrived. It is now one of the country's economically fastest-developing cities, sometimes nicknamed the Capital of Dominican Tourism or the Capital of Stockbreeding. As of 2006, over 150,000 people lived in Higüey. The city thrives chiefly on tourism, with many of its inhabitants employed in the hotel complexes of Punta Cana a few kilometers away, or selling tourist products.

The most important monuments in the city are the Basilica of La Altagracia and the Church of San Dionisio (Saint Denis), from the 16th century. The current mayor of the city is Karina Aristy.
Bulstake Bridge
Bulstake Bridge is a road bridge across the Bulstake Stream, a branch of the River Thames in Oxford, England.

The original stone arch bridge was built by John Claymond (1468–1537), the first President of Corpus Christi College (one of the colleges of Oxford University), in around 1530. The bridge was rebuilt with a higher arch in 1721. It was reconstructed again in 1923–4.

The bridge is on the Botley Road (designated the A420) in New Botley. To the west is Botley itself and to the east is New Osney. Between Botley and Oxford there are a number of road bridges crossing various branches of the Thames, including Botley Bridge over Seacourt Stream and Osney Bridge over the main branch of the Thames, also on Botley Road, and Hythe Bridge over the Castle Mill Stream, next to the end of the Oxford Canal.

There is an Ordnance Survey surveying benchmark on one of the piers of the bridge.

Benchmark (surveying)
The term benchmark, bench mark, or survey benchmark originates from the chiseled horizontal marks that surveyors made in stone structures, into which an angle iron could be placed to form a "bench" for a leveling rod, thus ensuring that a leveling rod could be accurately repositioned in the same place in the future. These marks were usually indicated with a chiseled arrow – specifically a broad arrow – below the horizontal line. A benchmark is a type of survey marker.

The term is generally applied to any item used to mark a point as an elevation reference. Frequently, bronze or aluminum disks are set in stone or concrete, or on rods driven deeply into the earth to provide a stable elevation point. If an elevation is marked on a map, but there is no physical mark on the ground, it is a spot height.
Sears XDH-1
Sears XDH-1 is an experimental electric car built for Sears, Roebuck and Company by their DieHard battery supplier Johnson Controls (Globe Union) in 1977 to celebrate the 10th anniversary of its DieHard brand of car batteries. The car was a Fiat 128 Coupé equipped with 20 DieHard (12-inch deep cycle marine) batteries, and an electric motor. The car has a front-wheel drive and was powered by a World War II-vintage 27-horsepower electric aircraft starter motor. The batteries are located in the trunk and former back seat area. The car has a top speed of approximately 70 miles per hour and has a range of 60–90 miles (at 50 MPH) per charge. The electric car is on display at the International Motorsports Hall of Fame and Museum in Talladega, Alabama.

Fiat 128
The Fiat 128 is a small family car which was manufactured and marketed by Fiat from 1969 to 1985. The bodystyles were a two- or four-door sedan, three- or five-door station wagon as well as two- or three-door coupé.

With engineering by Dante Giacosa and engine design by Aurelio Lampredi, the 128 was noted for its relatively roomy passenger and cargo volume — enabled by a breakthrough innovation to the transversely-mounted front-engine, front-drive layout which became the layout "adopted by virtually every other manufacturer in the world" for front-wheel drive. Fiat promoted in its advertising that mechanical features consumed only 20% of the vehicle's volume. The 128 running gear and engine, reconfigured for a rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout, were used in the Fiat X1/9 sports car.

Named European Car of the Year in 1970, over three million were ultimately manufactured.

In 2012 automotive journalist Jamie Kitman called the 128 a "pioneer of the small cars we drive today."
Marmara Municipalities Union
The Marmara Municipalities Union (Turkish: Marmara Belediyeler Birliği; MBB) is a public institution formed in 1975 as a collaboration of municipalities in the Marmara region, Turkey. It works both locally and internationally with the mission of increasing the effectiveness of municipalities while addressing important problems arising from rapid changes in society and the world, and to research, raise awareness, share and support in this field. MBB works on projects related to urbanization, migration, social cohesion, local diplomacy, local economic development, resilience and innovation, and provides training, consultancy and organizes events in these areas.

Group cohesiveness
Group cohesiveness is the degree or strength of bonds linking members of a social group to one another and to the group as a whole. Although cohesion is a multi-faceted process, it can be broken down into four main components: social relations, task relations, perceived unity, and emotions. Members of strongly cohesive groups are more inclined to participate readily and to stay with the group.
Sarajevo–Ploče railway
The Sarajevo–Ploče railway is a 194-kilometre (121-mile) long railway in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia. The line connects Sarajevo with Konjic, Mostar and Ploče. The route operates through the regions of Sarajevo Canton, Herzegovina-Neretva Canton and Dubrovnik-Neretva County. The route largely follows the route of the Neretva river. Passenger services along the full length of line have been discontinued between 2013 and 2022, running only between Sarajevo and the town of Čapljina on the Bosnian-Croatian border. International train service between Sarajevo and Ploče resumed on 1 July 2022, on weekends until 1 September 2022, using Spanish-designed Talgo wagons. This service also ran during the summer of 2023. The line is part of the pan-European corridor 5C from Budapest via Osijek and Sarajevo to Ploče. The section through Bosnia and Herzegovina is marked 11, and through Croatia M304.

Sarajevo Canton
The Sarajevo Canton (Bosnian: Kanton Sarajevo; Croatian: Sarajevska županija; Serbian: Сарајевски кантон) is a federated state and one of the ten cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Its cantonal seat is the city of Sarajevo, also the capital city of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The canton is bordered by Republika Srpska to the north and east, Bosnian-Podrinje Canton Goražde to the southeast, Herzegovina-Neretva Canton to the south and southwest, and Central Bosnia Canton to the west.

The Canton represents the metro area of Sarajevo. It contains 97% of the city's population, but a much smaller percentage of the official land area. The majority of the population is Bosniak (83.8%).
Xylophilus luniger
Xylophilus luniger is a beetle that is endemic to New Zealand. This member of the family Aderidae is commonly collected by beating vegetation around the margins of native forest. The species has been collected in the North Island only.

Aderidae
The Aderidae, sometimes called ant-like leaf beetles, are a family of beetles that bear some resemblance to ants. The family consists of about 1,000 species in about 40 genera, of which most are tropical, although overall distribution is worldwide.

As with the Anthicidae, their heads constrict just in front of the pronotum, forming a neck, although the posterior end of the pronotum is not usually as narrow. The eyes are hairy with a granular appearance. The first two abdominal sternites are fused, and in only some groups is a suture even visible. Sizes are 1–4 mm.

As the name suggests, most adults are found on the undersides of the leaves of shrubs and trees, while larvae have been found in rotting wood, leaf litter, and nests of other insects.

As of 2002, the last publication of a world catalog of the family was that of Maurice Pic in 1910.

The oldest confirmed member of the family is Gryzmalia from the mid Cretaceous Burmese amber of Myanmar.
Prairieland Conference
The Prairieland Conference  is a high school athletic conference in western central Illinois. The conference participates in athletics and activities in the Illinois High School Association. The conference comprises small public high schools with enrollments between 50 and 400 students in portions of Fulton, Knox, Mason, McDonough, Peoria, Schuyler, and Warren counties.

Mason County, Illinois
Mason County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 13,086. Its county seat is Havana. The county is named in honor of George Mason, a member of the Virginia legislature who campaigned for the adoption of the United States Bill of Rights.
Nyla Ali Khan
Nyla Ali Khan is an adjunct professor at Oklahoma City Community College. She is a former Visiting Professor at the University of Oklahoma, Norman, and former Associate Professor at the University of Nebraska-Kearney. She is the author of four books, and several articles that focus on the political issues and strife of her homeland, Jammu and Kashmir, India. She is the granddaughter of Sheikh Abdullah.

Adjunct professor
An adjunct professor is a type of academic appointment in higher education who does not work at the establishment full-time. The terms of this appointment and the job security of the tenure vary in different parts of the world, but the term is generally agreed to mean a bona-fide part-time faculty member in an adjunct position at an institution of higher education.
The World Is Rich
The World Is Rich is a 1947 British documentary film directed by Paul Rotha about food shortages after World War II. It was written by Arthur Calder-Marshall and produced by Films of Fact for the Central Office of Information and the Ministry of Food.

Central Office of Information
The Central Office of Information (COI) was the UK government's marketing and communications agency. Its chief executive reported to the Minister for the Cabinet Office. It was a non-ministerial department, and became an executive agency and a trading fund subject to the Government Trading Funds Act 1973, recovering its costs from the other departments, executive agencies and publicly funded bodies which used its services.

Established in 1946 as the successor to the wartime Ministry of Information, the COI was designed not only to handle peacetime public information campaigns but also to continue the Ministry's legacy of coordinated government propaganda. The COI was, in part, an effort to shape cultural attitudes and public perceptions, both domestically and overseas.
Asian Future Leaders Scholarship
The Asian Future Leaders Scholarship Program (Chinese: 亚洲未来领袖奖学金计划, AFLSP) is a newly launched program established by the Bai Xian Education Foundation (百贤教育基金会). In its pilot phase, it will offer 100 students full scholarships to study for one or two years towards an MPhil, MBA or MPA at one of six leading universities in Asia, being Peking University, Zhejiang University, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kyoto University, Waseda University. and Hitotsubashi University.

Ronald Chao, founder of the Bai Xian Education Foundation, said he hopes "the scholarship program will attract the best students and universities." The goal of the program is to foster closer ties between Asian neighbor countries.

Master of Public Administration
The academic qualification of Master of Public Administration (MPA) is a specialized professional graduate degree in public administration. Its course of studies prepares students for  roles as leaders, and resembles or mirrors training for qualification as a Master of Business Administration, but with an emphasis on issues of public services.

This program covers principles of public administration, policy development, and management. Graduates may work in government, nonprofits, or  private companies. The specifics of the program can vary by university or country. It typically requires two years for completion.
Epiglypta
Epiglypta is a monotypic genus of glass snails that is endemic to Australia’s Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea. The species is Epiglypta howeinsulae, also known as the ribbed glass snail; it has not been collected since 1920 and may be extinct due to rat predation.

Tasman Sea
The Tasman Sea is a marginal sea of the South Pacific Ocean, situated between Australia and New Zealand. It measures about 2,000 km (1,200 mi) across and about 2,800 km (1,700 mi) from north to south. The sea was named after the Dutch explorer Abel Janszoon Tasman, who in 1642 was the first known European to cross it. British explorer Lieutenant James Cook later extensively navigated the Tasman Sea in the 1770s during his three voyages of exploration.

The Māori people of New Zealand call this sea Te Moana-a-Rehua meaning 'the sea of Rehua' which clashes with the Pacific waters named Te Tai-o-Whitirea ('the sea of Whitirea') – after Whitirea, Rehua's lover – at Cape Reinga, the northernmost tip of North Island.
Things Take Time, Take Time
Things Take Time, Take Time is the third studio album by Australian singer-songwriter Courtney Barnett. It was released on 12 November 2021 by Milk! Records, Mom + Pop Music and Marathon Artists.

At the AIR Awards of 2022, the album was nominated for Independent Album of the Year and won Best Independent Rock Album or EP.

At the 2022 ARIA Music Awards, the album earned Barnett a nomination for Best Solo Artist and was nominated for Best Independent Release and Best Produced Album.

AIR Awards of 2022
The 2022 AIR Awards is the sixteenth annual Australian Independent Record Labels Association Music Awards ceremony (generally known as the AIR Awards). It took place on 4 August 2022 in Adelaide.

The nominations were revealed on 18 May 2022 with all material being released in 2021.

Owusu won three awards from three nominations. In a video acceptance speech after winning Independent Album of the Year, Owusu said, "I poured everything that I had into the making of this album, simply for my own sanity and mental well-being, so the fact that it's being recognised by so many young people globally and industry-wise is insane to me. And I'm humble and grateful for it."

The late Warren Costello was honoured with the 2022 Outstanding Achievement Award, being recognised for his more than 30 years spent supporting independent artists and labels, including time spent as the managing director for Liberation Music.
Hudson Holliday
Laughlin Hudson Holliday (born September 24, 1944) is a two-star General from Poplarville, Mississippi. Holliday is currently serving as a Pearl River County Supervisor and was a candidate for governor of Mississippi in 2011.

Governor of Mississippi
The governor of Mississippi is the head of government of Mississippi and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The governor has a duty to enforce state laws, and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Mississippi Legislature, to convene the legislature at any time, and, except in cases of treason or impeachment, to grant pardons and reprieves.
Stabbing Westward (album)
Stabbing Westward is the fourth studio album by the American industrial rock band Stabbing Westward. It is their first album to be produced by Ed Buller and released on Koch Records. The album was released on May 22, 2001. The album shows a change in direction for the band. The album's songs are much less heavy and aggressive, while the industrial focus has given way to a more melodic sound. Before the album was released, lead singer Christopher Hall said in an interview that Stabbing Westward wrote great pop-rock songs, but the band had always ended up making them ugly by adding effects and screaming, etc. On this album, he claimed, they decided to write what they wanted, regardless of fan expectation. "The Only Thing" is a love song for Christopher Hall's wife.

The album did well in Australia, but ultimately failed to sell worldwide.

Industrial rock
Industrial rock is a fusion genre that fuses industrial music and rock music. Originally emerging in the late 1970s to early 1980s, pioneered by artists such as Chrome, Killing Joke, Swans, Big Black and Skinny Puppy, the movement was further proliferated in the late 1980s by Wax Trax! Records in Chicago, with artists like Front 242, Front Line Assembly, KMFDM, and Sister Machine Gun.

Subsequently, the movement would lead to the emergence of genre fusions and subgenres like electro-industrial, industrial metal, martial industrial,  industrial hip-hop, industrial dance and industrial techno. By the 1990s, broader industrial music genres were made accessible to mainstream audiences through the popularity of acts such as Nine Inch Nails, Ministry, Rammstein, Marilyn Manson, all of whom released platinum-selling records.