hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Contention City, Arizona
Contention City or Contention is a ghost mining town in Cochise County in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Arizona. It was occupied from the early 1880s through the late 1880s in what was then known as the Arizona Territory. Only a few foundations now remain of this boomtown which was settled and abandoned with the rise and fall of silver mining in and around the area of Tombstone.

Arizona Territory
The Territory of Arizona, commonly known as the Arizona Territory, was a territory of the United States that existed from February 24, 1863, until February 14, 1912, when the remaining extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the state of Arizona. It was created from the western half of the New Mexico Territory during the American Civil War.
Happy Hour!
Happy Hour! is a Japanese exclusive compilation album by the American punk rock band the Offspring. It was released on August 4, 2010. The album chronicles tracks from approximately 15 years of the band's career. It is The Offspring's first record that wasn't made available in America.

The album includes live versions and remixes of tracks from their studio albums Smash, Ixnay on the Hombre, Americana, Conspiracy of One, and Splinter. Although it was released two years after Rise and Fall, Rage and Grace, this compilation does not contain any live versions or remixes of tracks from that album. It also includes songs from soundtracks and various B-sides. The album also contains covers of tracks by bands such as The Buzzcocks, Iggy & The Stooges, T.S.O.L., Billy Roberts, and AC/DC.

Splinter (The Offspring album)
Splinter is the seventh studio album by American punk rock band the Offspring, released on December 9, 2003, by Columbia Records. It was the first album the band released without long-time drummer Ron Welty, who was fired three weeks before the recording sessions started.

Although not as successful as the Offspring's previous albums, Splinter received gold certification two months after its release. The album received average reviews, but still sold reasonably well, debuting at number 30 on the US Billboard 200 with around 87,000 copies sold in its first week. "Hit That" and "(Can't Get My) Head Around You" were the only two singles to accompany the album; "Spare Me the Details" was also released as a single, but charted only in New Zealand.
Salisbury Garden
Salisbury Garden is a public space between the Hong Kong Museum of Art and Hong Kong Space Museum, along Salisbury Road in Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon. At the centre is a fountain, with patches of trees on two sides to provide shades for pedestrians.

The Art Square at Salisbury Garden opened in 2014.

Hong Kong Museum of Art
The Hong Kong Museum of Art (HKMoA) is the first and main art museum of Hong Kong, located in Salisbury Road, Tsim Sha Tsui. It is a public museum managed by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department of the Hong Kong Government.

HKMoA has an art collection of over 17,000 items. Admission is free for permanent exhibitions. Its rival is the non-government-managed Hong Kong Arts Centre. These two museums are considered to be the top two art museums in Hong Kong that dictate the discourse of art in Hong Kong. The museum was established as the City Hall Museum and Art Gallery in the City Hall in Central by the Urban Council on 2 March 1962.

It has an extended branch, the Flagstaff House Museum of Tea Ware, at the Hong Kong Park in Central.
Boscalid
Boscalid is a broad spectrum fungicide used in agriculture to protect crops from fungal diseases. It was first marketed by BASF in 2002 using their brand name Endura. The compound is an biphenyl amide derived inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase.

Amide
In organic chemistry, an amide, also known as an organic amide or a carboxamide, is a compound with the general formula R−C(=O)−NR′R″, where R, R', and R″ represent any group, typically organyl groups or hydrogen atoms. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, as in asparagine and glutamine. It can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid (R−C(=O)−OH) with the hydroxyl group (−OH) replaced by an amino group (−NR′R″); or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group (R−C(=O)−) joined to an amino group.

Common amides are formamide (H−C(=O)−NH2), acetamide (H3C−C(=O)−NH2), benzamide (C6H5−C(=O)−NH2), and dimethylformamide (H−C(=O)−N(−CH3)2).

Amides are qualified as primary, secondary, and tertiary according to the number of acyl groups bounded to the nitrogen atom.
Federalism in Spain
Federalism in Spain began in the 1830s, although it has its roots in the 1790s. The first and only attempt to establish a federal state in Spain occurred during the First Spanish Republic (1873-1874). After this failure, federalism was a minority political current. In the Second Spanish Republic and in the Transition, an intermediate model was chosen between federalism and centralism — the integral state, in the first case; and the regional state in the second.

Juan Francisco Fuentes
Juan Francisco Fuentes Aragonés (born 1955 in Barcelona, Spain) is a Spanish historian specialized in contemporary history.

Born in 1955 in Barcelona, he is professor at the Complutense University of Madrid. His works cover contemporary history and socialism in Spain, including biographies of José Marchena, Francisco Largo Caballero, Luis Araquistáin, and Adolfo Suárez. He collaborated with Javier Fernández Sebastián, with whom he wrote Historia del periodismo español and Diccionario político y social del siglo XX español.
Washington K-20 Network
Washington K-20 Network is a wide area network providing educational Internet access in the U.S. state of Washington for schools and educational service districts, colleges and community colleges, and libraries. The network was formed in 1996. A state settlement with Qwest Communications funded network access to state libraries starting in 2000–2001. WWAMI medical schools began to participate in 2007.

The network was connected to Internet2 via Pacific Northwest Gigapop in 2001.

Wide area network
A wide area network (WAN) is a telecommunications network that extends over a large geographic area. Wide area networks are often established with leased telecommunication circuits.

Businesses, as well as schools and government entities, use wide area networks to relay data to staff, students, clients, buyers and suppliers from various locations around the world. In essence, this mode of telecommunication allows a business to effectively carry out its daily functions regardless of location. The Internet may be considered a WAN. Many WANs are, however, built for one particular organization and are private. WANs can be separated from local area networks (LANs) in that the latter refers to physically proximal networks.
Eleven Times Square
Eleven Times Square is an office and retail tower located at 640 Eighth Avenue, at the intersection with West 42nd Street, in the Times Square and West Midtown neighborhoods of Manhattan, New York City. The 40-story, 1,100,000-square-foot (102,193 m2) tower rises 601 feet (183 m), making it the 131st tallest building in New York City. The structure is directly east of the Port Authority Bus Terminal and immediately north of The New York Times Building.

Completed in 2011, Eleven Times Square was developed by New York City-based SJP Properties in partnership with Prudential Real Estate Investors, and was designed by architect Dan Kaplan of FXFOWLE.

Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)
Eighth Avenue is a major north–south avenue on the west side of Manhattan in New York City, carrying northbound traffic below 59th Street. It is one of the original avenues of the Commissioners' Plan of 1811 to run the length of Manhattan, though today the name changes twice: At 59th Street/Columbus Circle, it becomes Central Park West, where it forms the western boundary of Central Park, and north of 110th Street/Frederick Douglass Circle, it is known as Frederick Douglass Boulevard before merging onto Harlem River Drive north of 155th Street.
Ulysse Delsaux
Ulysse Delsaux (born 22 September 1997) is a French professional racing driver who currently competes in the NASCAR Whelen Euro Series, driving the No. 14 Ford Mustang for SpeedHouse Racing in the EuroNASCAR PRO class. He is a one-time champion in the Euro Series, having won the EuroNASCAR 2 championship in 2018.

Tours Speedway
Tours Speedway was a 0.575 km (0.357 mi) oval speedway located in Tours, France. The track is located at the parkingplace of the Parc des expositions east of the city. It was first used in 2012. The only event raced on the track is the NASCAR Whelen Euro Series.

On October, 2nd, Tours announced that the 2018 NASCAR Whelen Euro Series race will be the last NASCAR race in this track.
William Petten
William John Petten (January 28, 1923 – March 6, 1999) was a Canadian politician.

Born in St. John's, Newfoundland, he was the son of Ray Petten, chief fundraiser of Joey Smallwood's Newfoundland Confederate Association and subsequently a member of the Canadian Senate.

William Petten was a customs broker for fish exporters before being appointed to the Senate of Canada in 1968. A Liberal, he represented the senatorial division of Bonavista, Newfoundland and Labrador. He retired on his 75th birthday in 1998. He twice was the Government Whip in the Senate (1974–1979 and 1980–1984) and twice the Opposition Whip in the Senate (1979-1980 and 1985-1991).

In 2000, the Petten Building, the Newfoundland and Labrador provincial fisheries and aquaculture building in St. John's, was named after the late William J. Petten.

Joey Smallwood
Joseph Roberts Smallwood PC CC (December 24, 1900 – December 17, 1991) was a Newfoundlander and Canadian politician. He was the main force who brought the Dominion of Newfoundland into Canadian Confederation in 1949, becoming the first premier of Newfoundland, serving until 1972. As premier, he vigorously promoted economic development, championed the welfare state, and emphasized modernization of education and transportation. The results of his efforts to promote industrialization were mixed, with the most favourable results in hydroelectricity, iron mining and paper mills.

Smallwood was charismatic and controversial. While many Canadians today remember Smallwood as the man who brought Newfoundland into Canada, the opinions held by Newfoundlanders and their diaspora remain sharply divided as to his legacy.
1957 Chevrolet
The 1957 Chevrolet is a car that was introduced by Chevrolet in September 1956 for the 1957 model year. It was available in three series models: the upscale Bel Air, the mid-range Two-Ten, and the economy/fleet model One-Fifty. A two-door station wagon, the Nomad, was produced as a Bel Air model. An upscale trim option called the Delray was available for Two-Ten 2-door sedans. It is a popular and sought after classic car. These vehicles are often restored to their original condition and sometimes modified. The car's image has been frequently used in toys, graphics, music, movies, and television. The  '57 Chevy, as it is often known, is an auto icon.

Chevrolet Delray
The Chevrolet Delray, named after the Delray neighborhood of Detroit, Michigan, debuted in 1954 as an optional trim level on two-door models of Chevrolet's mid-range 210 series of cars. In 1958, it became a distinct series of its own at the bottom of Chevrolet's lineup (replacing the discontinued 150), and added a four-door sedan, and sedan delivery, but it only remained in production for that model year.
1992 ARFU Asian Rugby Championship
The 1992 ARFU Asian Rugby Championship was the 13th edition  of the tournament, and was played in Seoul. The 8 teams were divided in two pool, with final between the winner of both of them. Japan won the tournament.

Asia Rugby Championship
The Asia Rugby Championship, or ARC, is an annual rugby union competition held amongst national rugby sides within the Asia Rugby region. The competition was originally known as the Asian Rugby Football Tournament when founded in 1969, and was called the Asian Five Nations from 2008 to 2014.

The winner of the competition's top division is recognised as the rugby champion of Asia. The top division, sometimes referred to as the Tri Nations, includes the top three Asian teams each season. Division 1 includes the next four teams and Division 2 includes the next four. Division three is  further divided geographically, with each of the West, East and South Central divisions including three teams.

Japan is the most successful team, securing 25 out of a possible 30 titles since 1969. They have not participated in the series since 2017.
Ballynagaul, County Waterford
Ballynagaul (Irish: Baile na nGall, its official name) is a Gaeltacht area within the Irish-speaking Gaeltacht na nDéise part of County Waterford. Comprising the townlands of Baile na nGall Mór and Baile na nGall Beag (Ballynagaul More and Ballynagaul Beg), it is located approximately 9.6 kilometres southeast of Dungarvan. The village of Ring is located in the area.

Ballynagaul contains a pub (Tig an Ceoil), a shop, a playground known as 'An Imearlann', a small restaurant, a fishing pier (Cé Bhaile na nGall), and a beach. "Criostal na Rinne", a workshop where hand-cut glassware is made is also located in Baile na nGall.

Dungarvan
Dungarvan (Irish: Dún Garbhán, meaning 'Garbhann's fort') is a coastal town and harbour in County Waterford, on the south-east coast of Ireland. Prior to the merger of Waterford County Council with Waterford City Council in 2014, Dungarvan was the county town and administrative centre of County Waterford. Waterford City and County Council retains administrative offices in the town. The town is in a townland and civil parish of the same name.

Dungarvan's Irish name means 'Garbhann's fort', referring to Saint Garbhann who founded a church there in the seventh century. The town had a population of 10,081 at the 2022 census, making it the third most populous in the county.
Sarai Mahmud
Sarai Mahmud is a village in Khiron block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 17 km from Lalganj, the tehsil headquarters. As of 2011, it has a population of 460 people, in 72 households. It has no schools and no healthcare facilities.

The 1961 census recorded Sarai Mahmud (as "Sarai Mahmood") as comprising 2 hamlets, with a total population of 197 people (100 male and 97 female), in 35 households and 28 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 154 acres.

The 1981 census recorded Sarai Mahmud (as "Sarai Mahmood") as having a population of 877 people, in 47 households, and having an area of 62.72 hectares. The main staple foods were given as wheat and rice.

Khiron
Khiron is a village and corresponding community development block in Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Located on the main Raebareli-Unnao road,semari Khiron is an old Muslim town that historically served as the seat of a pargana. As of 2011, the village has a population of 9,955, in 1,714 households. It has six primary schools and one medical clinic. It serves as the headquarters of a nyaya panchayat that also includes 11 other villages.

Khiron hosts an annual mela at the Balbhadreshwar Mahadeo temple on Phalguna Badi 13; the festival is part of Shivratri and is dedicated to the worship of Shiva. Vendors bring various everyday items to sell at the fair. Khiron also hosts markets twice per week, on Mondays and Thursdays; the main items traded are cloth and vegetables.
Hoppner Strait
Hoppner Strait is a narrow arm of Foxe Basin east of Lyon Inlet in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut, Canada. It is situated between Winter Island and the Melville Peninsula.

The strait is one of several landforms named in honor of Royal Navy officer and Arctic explorer Henry Parkyns Hoppner who surveyed the region during William Edward Parry's First, Second, and Third Arctic Expeditions.

Foxe Basin
Foxe Basin is a shallow oceanic basin north of Hudson Bay, in Nunavut, Canada, located between Baffin Island and the Melville Peninsula. For most of the year, it is blocked by sea ice (fast ice) and drift ice made up of multiple ice floes.

The nutrient-rich cold waters found in the basin are especially favourable to phytoplankton and the numerous islands within it are important bird habitats, including Sabine's gulls and many types of shorebirds. Bowhead whales migrate to the northern part of the basin each summer.

The basin takes its name from the English explorer Luke Foxe who entered the lower part in 1631.
Redshift conjecture
In mathematics, more specifically in chromatic homotopy theory, the redshift conjecture states, roughly, that algebraic K-theory  has chromatic level one higher than that of a complex-oriented ring spectrum R.
It was formulated by John Rognes in a lecture at Schloss Ringberg, Germany, in January 1999, and made more precise by him in a lecture at the Oberwolfach Research Institute for Mathematics, Germany, in September 2000. In July 2022, Robert Burklund, Tomer Schlank and Allen Yuan announced a solution of a version of the redshift conjecture for arbitrary -ring spectra, after Hahn and Wilson did so earlier in the case of the truncated Brown-Peterson spectra .

Ring spectrum
In stable homotopy theory, a ring spectrum is a spectrum E together with a multiplication map

μ: E ∧ E → E

and a unit map

η: S → E,

where S is the sphere spectrum. These maps have to satisfy associativity and unitality conditions up to homotopy, much in the same way as the multiplication of a ring is associative and unital. That is,

μ (id ∧ μ) ~ μ (μ ∧ id)

and

μ (id ∧ η) ~ id ~ μ(η ∧ id).

Examples of ring spectra include singular homology with coefficients in a ring, complex cobordism, K-theory, and Morava K-theory.
2000 Antrim Senior Hurling Championship
The 2000 Antrim Senior Hurling Championship was the 100th staging of the Antrim Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Antrim County Board in 1901.

Ruairí Óg, Cushendall entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 17 September 2000 at Casement Park in Belfast, between Cuchullians Dunloy and Emmets Cushendun, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Cuchullians Dunloy won the match by 1–21 to 0–13 to claim their sixth championship title overall and a first title in two years.

1999 Antrim Senior Hurling Championship
The 1999 Antrim Senior Hurling Championship was the 99th staging of the Antrim Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Antrim County Board in 1901.

Cúchulains Dunloy entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 5 September 1999 at Casement Park in Belfast, between Ruairí Óg, Cushendall and Cúchulains Dunloy, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Ruairí Óg, Cushendall won the match by 3–14 to 3–12 to claim their eighth championship title overall and a first title in three years.
Give Thanks Stakes
The Give Thanks Stakes is a Group 3 flat horse race in Ireland open to thoroughbred fillies and mares aged three years or older. It is run at Cork Racecourse over a distance of 1 mile and 4 furlongs (2,414 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late July or early August.

The event is named after Give Thanks, the winner of the Irish Oaks in 1983. It was established in 2003, and it was initially classed at Listed level. It was promoted to Group 3 status in 2007.

Cork Racecourse
Cork Racecourse, also known as Cork Racecourse Mallow, is a horse racing venue at Mallow, County Cork, Ireland which stages both National Hunt racing and Flat racing. It is located 35 km north of Cork and 64 km from  Limerick

The course is right handed, one and a half miles round and has a straight sprint course of five furlongs. In 2017 work commenced on an extension to the straight course which will make it one of only two seven furlongs straights in Ireland.

The course was opened in 1924 and was originally known as Mallow Racecourse. It is close to Buttevant and Doneraile, where the first steeplechase was supposedly run in 1752.
Mohsen Haji-Mirzaei
Mohsen Haji-Mirzaei (Persian: محسن حاجی‌میرزایی, born 1959) is an Iranian politician and has serves as the chief of staff of the president of Iran since 28 July 2024. He is also Iran's former Minister of Education. Mirzaei was nominated by Hassan Rouhani to succeed Mohammad Bathaei. He received a majority vote from the Islamic Consultative Assembly in September 2019.

Mohammad Bathaei
Mohammad Bat'haei, also spelt Mohammad Bathaei (Persian: محمد بطحایی, born June 1963) is an Iranian educator and the former Minister of Education. He was vice education minister from 2014 until 2016 and also served as the acting minister from 19 October after the resignation of previous minister, Ali Asghar Fani until 1 November 2016. He was appointed as the Vice Minister of Education for Management Development and Logistics on 22 July 2014.
Living Dangerously (2000)
Living Dangerously (2000) was the third and final Living Dangerously professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW). It took place on March 12, 2000 from the O'Neill Center in Danbury, Connecticut. The commentator for the event was Joey Styles.

The main event was a tournament final match for the vacant World Television Championship, which had been vacated by previous champion Rob Van Dam due to an injury. Super Crazy defeated Rhino to win the vacant World Television Championship. On the undercard, Mike Awesome retained the World Heavyweight Championship against Kid Kash and The Impact Players (Lance Storm and Justin Credible) won a Three-Way Dance match to win the World Tag Team Championship.

Living Dangerously (wrestling series)
Living Dangerously was a pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) in March annually from 1998 to 2000. The event was also going to be held in 2001 on March 11 that year, but was cancelled due to the eventual collapse of the promotion.
Redwood Tree (song)
"Redwood Tree" is the sixth song on Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison's 1972 album, Saint Dominic's Preview, released in July 1972 by Warner Bros. It was later released in October as the second of three singles from the album and charted at number 98 on the US Billboard Hot 100.

Johnny Rogan
John Rogan (14 February 1953 – 21 January 2021) was a British author of Irish descent best known for his books about music and popular culture. He wrote influential biographies of the Byrds, Neil Young, the Smiths, Van Morrison and Ray Davies. His writing was characterised by "an almost neurotic attention to detail", epic length (the first volume of Requiem for the Timeless is more than 1,200 pages long), and ambivalent - sometimes positive and sometimes hostile - response from the subjects of his biographies.
Lee Seon-hwa
Lee Seon-hwa (Korean: 이선화; born 10 February 1986) is a South Korean professional golfer now playing on the United States LPGA Tour.

Born in Cheonan, South Korea, Lee began playing golf at age 4 and turned professional at age 14, the youngest female to ever turn professional in Korea. She recorded three wins on the LPGA of Korea Tour between 2001 and 2006. She played on the Futures Tour in 2004 and 2005 before joining the LPGA Tour in 2006. She won her first LPGA tournament in June 2006 at the ShopRite LPGA Classic.

In 2006, Lee won the LPGA Rookie of the Year award. She clinched the award on 25 September 2006 after competing in 24 tournaments and finishing in the top 10 six times, including one win. She was the first rookie to win on Tour in 2006.

In 2007, she notched her second LPGA Tour win at the HSBC Women's World Match Play Championship, defeating Japanese star Ai Miyazato 2&1 in the final match, to take home the $500,000 first place check.

Ai Miyazato
Ai Miyazato (宮里 藍, Miyazato Ai; born 19 June 1985) is a former Japanese professional golfer who competed on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour and the LPGA of Japan Tour (JLPGA). She was the top-ranked golfer in the Women's World Golf Rankings on three occasions in 2010.