hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2018 Pakistani general election violence
Several violent incidents happened before and on the day of the 2018 Pakistani general election, held on 25 July 2018.

The first violent incident on election day occurred early in the morning in Larkana on Pakistan Peoples Party camp in which at least three people were injured in a grenade attack. The second incident occurred in Swabi District when a gun fight broke out between Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) and Awami National Party (ANP) agents in which the PTI agent was shot dead. Later in the day, two attacks occurred in the Balochistan province. The first was in the capital Quetta, in which 31 people were killed and several more were injured. Then two people were injured in Nasirabad District. In Sindh, there were several violent clashes between members of Pakistan Peoples Party and Grand Democratic Alliance leaving many severely injured.

Balochistan Awami Party
The Balochistan Awami Party (abbr.  BAP) is a Pakistani political party, based in Balochistan, with a centrist political position and a progressivist ideology. It was founded in 2018 by political dissidents of the Pakistan Muslim League (N) and the Pakistan Muslim League (Q) in Balochistan.

The party emerged as the largest party in Balochistan as a result of the 2018 Pakistani general election. It leads a coalition government in the province and is also a part of the ruling coalition in the National Assembly. It has been described as a pro-establishment party in Balochistan.
Selim Benachour
Selim Benachour (Arabic: سليم بن عاشور, Salīm bin ʻĀshūr; born Slim Ben-Achour on 8 September 1981) is a French born Tunisian football coach and former professional player who played as an attacking midfielder.

Born in France, he represented France at youth international level before playing for Tunisia at senior international level.

FC Martigues
Football Club de Martigues, known as FC Martigues or just Martigues, is a French professional football club based in Martigues, Bouches-du-Rhône. As of the 2025–26 season, it competes in the Départemental 3, the eleventh tier of French football.

The club plays at the Stade Francis-Turcan, which has a capacity of 11,500, in Martigues. Their principal rivals are Istres.
Ad valorem tax
An ad valorem tax (Latin for "according to value") is a tax whose amount is based on the value of a transaction or of a property. It is typically imposed at the time of a transaction, as in the case of a sales tax or value-added tax (VAT). An ad valorem tax may also be imposed annually, as in the case of a real or personal property tax, or in connection with another significant event (e.g., inheritance tax, expatriation tax, or tariff). In some countries, a stamp duty is imposed as an ad valorem tax.

Import
Import is the activity within international trade which involves buying and receiving goods and services produced in another country. An importer is a person, organization or country receiving imported goods which have been exported from another country. Importation and exportation are the defining financial transactions of international trade. The seller of such goods and services is called an exporter.

In international trade, the importation and exportation of goods are limited by import quotas and mandates from the customs authority. The importing and exporting jurisdictions may impose a tariff (tax) on the goods. In addition, the importation and exportation of goods are subject to trade agreements between the importing and exporting jurisdictions.
K. Alaguvelu
K. Alaguvelu is an Indian politician and was a member of the 14th Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Kallakurichi constituency, which is reserved for Scheduled Castes. She represented the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party.

The elections of 2016 resulted in her constituency being won by A. Prabhu.

14th Tamil Nadu Assembly
The Fourteenth Assembly of Tamil Nadu was constituted after the victory of All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) and allies, in the 2011 state assembly election. J. Jayalalithaa became the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu due to the election. She was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu for the third time.
Craig Raudman
Craig Raudman (born August 6, 1961) is an American former NASCAR driver from Redding, California. He won the 2001 NASCAR Featherlite Southwest Tour championship. He only competed in one Busch Series event. It came in 2002, when he ran the event at Las Vegas for Jay Robinson Racing. Raudman started 42nd and managed his way to 32nd by day's end.

He also competed in 20 K&N Pro Series West events as a driver, with 1 Top-5 and 7 Top-10. Raudman competed in 168 NASCAR Southwest Series races, with 14 wins, 57 Top-5, 93 Top-10 and 19 pole-positions. He was the 2001 NASCAR Featherlite Southwest Tour Champion.

Raudman also competed in two NASCAR Northwest Series events, with a best-finish of 4th at Portland International Raceway.

He was also the crew chief for Jonathon Gomez, Justin Allgaier, Brian Ickler, Kelly Admiraal and several other drivers in the NASCAR K&N Pro Series West and also in NASCAR Pinty's Series.

Justin Allgaier
Justin Myrl Allgaier (born June 6, 1986) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, driving the No. 7 Chevrolet Camaro SS for JR Motorsports and part-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 40 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 for JRM.

He is the 2008 ARCA Re/Max Series champion, the 2024 NASCAR Xfinity Series champion, and the 2009 NASCAR Nationwide Series Rookie of the Year.
Inga Ruginienė
Inga Ruginienė (née Raitelaitytė; born 24 May 1981) is a Lithuanian trade unionist and politician who has served as the 19th prime minister of Lithuania since 25 September 2025. A member of the Social Democratic Party (LSDP), she has also been serving as a Member of the Seimas since 2024 and served as the Minister of Social Security and Labour prior to her appointment as prime minister.

In 2024, Ruginienė joined the LSDP to participate in the parliamentary elections held that year. She was elected to the Seimas in November 2024 and the following month became the Minister of Social Security and Labour in the new LSDP government under Prime Minister Gintautas Paluckas. On 4 August 2025, Paluckas resigned as prime minister following financial scandals and the LSDP nominated Ruginienė for prime minister two days later. Her nomination was subsequently confirmed by the Seimas on 26 August.

Paluckas Cabinet
Paluckas Cabinet was the 19th cabinet of the national government of the Republic of Lithuania. It consisted of Prime Minister Gintautas Paluckas as the Head of Government, and 14 government ministers from the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania, Union of Democrats "For Lithuania", and Dawn of Nemunas.

The cabinet was formed 12 December 2024, lasting until August 2025 when the cabinet's resignation was accepted on 4 August after Paluckas resigned due to financial scandals on 31 July 2025. All members of the cabinet (except Paluckas) continued to serve in a caretaker capacity under acting Prime Minister Rimantas Šadžius, previously Finance Minister, following the cabinet's dissolution.
2023 Sailing World Championships – 470
The 470 competition at the 2023 Sailing World Championships was the mixed dinghy event and was held in The Hague, the Netherlands, 11–17 August 2023. The entries were limited to 70 boats. The competitors participated in an opening series that was planned to 11 races, followed by a medal race. The medal race was planned for 17 August.

The competition served as a qualifying event for the 2024 Olympic sailing competition with 8 out of 19 national quota being distributed at the event.

2023 Sailing World Championships
The 2023 Sailing World Championships were held in The Hague, the Netherlands, from 8 to 20 August 2023. It was the sixth edition of the Sailing World Championships and the world championships for all disciplines at the next Olympics, and for four para sailing classes. It took place on the waters off Scheveningen and offered the chance to qualify for the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France, whose sailing competition were held in Marseille. Para sailing was held on Braassemermeer. Approximately 1,400 sailors were expected.

The venue hosted the 2022 Youth Sailing World Championships.
Race to the North
The Race to the North was the name given by the press to occasions in two summers of the late 19th century when British passenger trains belonging to different companies would literally race each other from London to Edinburgh over the two principal rail trunk routes connecting the English capital city to Scotland – the West Coast Main Line which runs from London Euston via Crewe and Carlisle and the East Coast Main Line route from London King's Cross via York and Newcastle. The "races" were never official and publicly the companies denied that what happened was racing at all. Results were not announced officially and the outcomes have since been hotly debated. In the 20th century there were also occasions of competition for speed on the two routes.

Locomotives of the London and North Western Railway
Locomotives of the London and North Western Railway. The London and North Western Railway (LNWR) Locomotive Department was headquartered at Crewe from 1862. The Crewe Works had been built in 1840–43 by the Grand Junction Railway (GJR).
Violin Concerto No. 5 (Paganini)
The Violin Concerto No. 5 in A minor was composed by Niccolò Paganini in 1830. It is one of the most widely performed of Paganini's last violin concertos. A typical performance lasts about 40 minutes. It was Paganini's latest-composed concerto (Concerto No. 6 was partially written in 1815).

A minor
A minor is a minor scale based on A, B, C, D, E, F, and G. Its key signature has no flats or sharps. Its relative major is C major and its parallel major is A major.

The A natural minor scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The A harmonic minor and melodic minor scales are:
M51-ULS-1
M51-ULS-1, also known as RX J132943+47115, is a high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB) system in the constellation of Canes Venatici. The binary system is located in the Whirlpool Galaxy, a nearby spiral galaxy some 28 million light years (or 8.6 million parsecs) away. The binary system has an apparent visual magnitude of 24.01. The binary system was discovered in 1995 in a ROSAT survey of X-ray sources in the Whirlpool Galaxy and NGC 5195.

X-ray binary
X-ray binaries are a class of binary stars that are luminous in X-rays. 
The X-rays are produced by matter falling from one component, called the donor (usually a relatively common main sequence star), to the other component, called the accretor, which can be a white dwarf, neutron star or black hole. 
The infalling matter releases gravitational potential energy, up to 30 percent of its rest mass, as X-rays.  (Hydrogen fusion releases only about 0.7 percent of rest mass.)  The lifetime and the mass-transfer rate in an X-ray binary depends on the evolutionary status of the donor star, the mass ratio between the stellar components, and their orbital separation.

An estimated 1041 positrons escape per second from a typical low-mass X-ray binary.
Combined Islands cricket team
The Combined Islands cricket team was a cricket team that represented the cricket-playing islands of the Lesser Antilles, excluding Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago who fielded their own teams. They played in 13 Shell Shield tournaments from 1965–66 to 1980–81, when they won their first title and were subsequently disbanded into Leeward Islands and Windward Islands. Those two teams had first-class status before 1980–81, but competed together in the Shell Shield.

Warner Park Sporting Complex
Warner Park Sporting Complex is an athletic facility in Basseterre, St. Kitts, St. Kitts and Nevis.  It includes the Warner Park Stadium, which was one of the hosts for the 2007 Cricket World Cup. It is named after Sir Thomas Warner, the explorer who established the first English colony on St. Kitts.

The eastern segment contains the cricket pitch, pavilion, media centre and seating for 4,000 which can be increased with temporary stands to 10,000 for major events.  The stadium was largely financed by Taiwan with donations totalling $2.74 million.  The total project cost US$12 million, half for the cricket stadium and half for the football facilities.

The western segment contains the football stadium, with seating for 3,500. In the northern section of the park, there are three tennis courts, three netball / volleyball courts, the Len Harris Cricket Academy, and a small open savannah, Carnival City, used primarily for hosting Carnival events.
MOD Corsham
MOD Corsham (formerly Basil Hill Barracks) is a Ministry of Defence establishment located between the towns of Corsham and Box in Wiltshire, England. Since 1998 the site's principal activities concern British Armed Forces and MOD information and communications technology and information warfare.

Corsham
Corsham is a historic market town and civil parish in west Wiltshire, England. It is at the southwestern edge of the Cotswolds, just off the A4 national route. It is 28 miles (45 km) southwest of Swindon, 20 miles (32 km) east of Bristol, 8 miles (13 km) north-east of Bath, and 4 miles (6 km) southwest of Chippenham.

Historically, Corsham was a centre for agriculture and later, the wool industry, and remains a focus for quarrying Bath Stone. It has several notable historic buildings, including the stately home of Corsham Court. During the Second World War and the Cold War, it became a major administrative and manufacturing centre for the Ministry of Defence, with numerous establishments both above ground and in disused quarry and mine tunnels.

The parish includes the villages of Gastard and Neston, which is at the gates of the Neston Park estate.
Suru Valley
The Suru Valley is a valley in the Kargil District in the Union Territory of Ladakh, India. It is drained by the Suru River, a  tributary of the Indus River. The valley's most significant town is Sankoo.

Horses, yaks and other animals can be found in the valley. In winter Suru Valley experiences heavy snowfall and avalanches. The literacy rate of Suru Valley is very low as compared to other parts of Ladakh.

August Hermann Francke
August Hermann Francke (German: [ˈaʊɡʊst ˈhɛʁman ˈfʁaŋkə] ⓘ; 22 March 1663 – 8 June 1727) was a German Lutheran clergyman, theologian, philanthropist, and Biblical scholar. His evangelistic fervour and pietism got him expelled as lecturer from the universities of Dresden and Leipzig and as deacon from Erfurt. In 1691 he found his calling at the  University of Halle, where he turned towards the education of underprivileged children; he founded an orphan asylum, a Latin school, a German school (or burgher school), a Gynaeceum, the first Protestant higher girls school, and a seminary for training teachers. Francke's schools provided a prototype, which greatly influenced later German education.
Dally Messenger
Herbert Henry "Dally" Messenger, (12 April 1883 – 24 November 1959) was an Australian rugby league and rugby union footballer. One of Australia's first professional rugby footballers, he is recognised as one of the greatest-ever players in either code. He played for New South Wales in the first match run by the newly-created New South Wales Rugby Football League, which had just split away from the established New South Wales Rugby Football Union.

Sometimes nicknamed "The Master", Messenger had a stocky build, and while standing only about 172 centimetres (5 ft 8 in) in height, he was a powerful runner of the ball and a solid defender. According to his peers, the centre's greatest attributes were his unpredictability and astonishing physical co-ordination, coupled with an ability to kick goals from almost any part of the ground. He was a teetotaller and non-smoker during his career and other than breakfast, Messenger would rarely eat before a match.

Australian Rugby League Commission
The Australian Rugby League Commission Limited (ARL), formerly the Australian Rugby Football League Limited is an Australian rugby league football competition operator.

It was founded in 1986 as the Australian Rugby Football League Limited and succeeded the Australian Rugby Football League Board of Control which had been formed in 1924. Since its inception, the ARL has administered the Australian national team and represented Australia in international rugby league matters. Prior to 1998, the code in Australia had been principally administered by individual state leagues on a domestic basis, and the ARL on a national and international basis.
Extended mind thesis
In philosophy of mind, the extended mind thesis says that the mind does not exclusively reside in the brain or even the body, but extends into the physical world. The thesis proposes that some objects in the external environment can be part of a cognitive process and in that way function as extensions of the mind itself. Examples of such objects are written calculations, a diary, or a personal computer; in general, it concerns objects that store information. The hypothesis considers the mind to encompass every level of cognition, including the physical level.

It was proposed by Andy Clark and David Chalmers in "The Extended Mind" (1998). They describe the idea as "active externalism, based on the active role of the environment in driving cognitive processes."

For the matter of personal identity (and the philosophy of self), the EMT has the implication that some parts of a person's identity can be determined by their environment.

Philosophy of self
Philosophy of self examines the idea of the self at a conceptual level. Many different ideas on what constitutes self have been proposed, including the self being an activity, the self being independent of the senses, the bundle theory of the self, the self as a narrative center of gravity, and the self as a linguistic or social construct rather than a physical entity. The self (or its non-existence) is also an important concept in Eastern philosophy, including Buddhist philosophy.
Al-Funduq
Al-Funduq (Arabic: الفندق) is a Palestinian village in the Qalqilya Governorate of the State of Palestine, in the northeastern West Bank, located east of Qalqilya. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the village had a population of 1,125 in 2017. The village took its name from an Arabic word for "inn."

In 2012,  Jinsafut and Al-Funduq  merged under one local council.

Qalqiliya Governorate
The Qalqiliya Governorate or Qalqilya Governorate (Arabic: محافظة قلقيلية, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Qalqīlya) is an administrative area of Palestine in the northwestern West Bank. Its capital or muhfaza (seat) is the city of Qalqilya that borders the Green Line.
Guṇa (Jainism)
Guṇa is a term in Jainism for the attributes or quality of Dravya, or substance. As per Jain cosmology, the universe is made up of Dravya, or substances, that are infinite in number but fall into six by categories. All substances have attributes that exist in all the parts and in all of the conditions or modes. In other words, attributes reside the substance. In addition to occupying the same space as the substance, attributes stay in the substance at all the time without any exception. Each substance has one unique attribute that distinguishes if from the other types of substances.

The concepts of Guṇa (attributes) and Dravya (substances) are what differentiates Jain worldview from Buddhist worldview. The Jain worldview claims that real cause of all the phenomena in the universe is the attributive and substantive base of those phenomena whereas Buddhist Worldview denies the existence of attributive or substantive base for any of the phenomena in the universe.

Ajiva
Ajiva (Sanskrit) is anything that has no soul or life, the polar opposite of "jīva" (soul). Because ajiva has no life, it does not accumulate karma and cannot die. Examples of ajiva include chairs, computers, paper, plastic, etc.
West Gippsland Hospital
West Gippsland Hospital is a regional hospital in Warragul, Victoria, first established in 1888 on land donated by a local resident, Mary Sargeant.

The current hospital is an 83-bed facility with an additional 60 beds available in the adjoining Cooinda Lodge Nursing Home.

Warragul
Warragul (/ˈwɒrəɡʊl/) is a town in Victoria, Australia, 102 kilometres (63 miles) south-east of Melbourne. Warragul lies between the Strzelecki Ranges to the south and the Mount Baw Baw Plateau of the Great Dividing Range to the north. As of the 2021 census, the town had a population of 19,856 people. Warragul forms part of a larger urban area that includes nearby Drouin that had an estimated total population of 42,827 as of the 2021 census.

Warragul is the main population and service centre of the West Gippsland region and the Shire of Baw Baw. The surrounding area is noted for dairy farming and other niche agriculture and has long been producing gourmet foods.
Washington State Route 506
State Route 506 (SR 506) is an 11.53-mile (18.56 km) long state highway in Cowlitz and Lewis counties, part of the U.S. state of Washington, serving the communities of Ryderwood and Vader. SR 506 begins at the intersection of 2nd and Morse Street in Ryderwood, a community in Cowlitz County, traveling north into Lewis County and turning east past Vader to parallel the Cowlitz River and interchange Interstate 5 (I-5) twice west of Toledo. Originating as Secondary State Highway 1P (SSH 1P) in 1937, the highway was designated in its current form in 1964 and it shared its eastern terminus with SR 505. SR 411 terminated at Vader and both SR 411 and SR 505 were moved away from SR 506 in 1991.

State highways in Washington
The State Highways of Washington in the U.S. state of Washington comprise a network of over 7,000 miles (11,270 km) of state highways, including all Interstate and U.S. Highways that pass through the state, maintained by the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT). The system spans 8.5% of the state's public road mileage, but carries over half of the traffic. All other public roads in the state are either inside incorporated places (cities or towns) or are maintained by the county.  The state highway symbol is a white silhouette of George Washington's head (whom the state is named after).
1986 Fermanagh and South Tyrone by-election
The 1986 Fermanagh and South Tyrone by-election was one of the fifteen 1986 Northern Ireland by-elections held on 23 January 1986, to fill vacancies in the Parliament of the United Kingdom caused by the resignation in December 1985 of all sitting Unionist Members of Parliament (MPs). The MPs, from the Ulster Unionist Party, Democratic Unionist Party and Ulster Popular Unionist Party, did this to highlight their opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement. Each of their parties agreed not to contest seats previously held by the others, and each outgoing MP stood for re-election.

The Ulster Unionist candidate Ken Maginnis was able to survive with less than 50% of the vote due to a split Nationalist vote.

1986 Northern Ireland by-elections
The 1986 Northern Ireland by-elections were fifteen by-elections held on 23 January 1986, to fill vacancies in the Parliament of the United Kingdom caused by the resignation in December 1985 of all sitting Unionist Members of Parliament (MPs). The MPs, from the Ulster Unionist Party, Democratic Unionist Party and Ulster Popular Unionist Party, did this to highlight their opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement, signed the month before.

Each of the Unionist parties agreed not to contest seats previously held by the others, and each outgoing MP stood for re-election. 14 of the 15 were re-elected, often with large margins. The sole exception was in the Newry and Armagh by-election, where Seamus Mallon of the Social Democratic and Labour Party unseated Jim Nicholson (UUP).