hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Valganna (valley)
The Valganna is a valley in the Lugano Prealps, located north of Varese in northwestern Lombardy, Italy. Its main peaks are Monte Piambello, Poncione di Ganna, Monte Monarco, Monte Martica, Monte Chiusarella and Monte Minisfreddo. It is crossed by the Olona and Margorabbia rivers, and two small lakes, Lago di Ganna and Lago di Ghirla, are located in the valley.

Three municipalities are located in the valley; Valganna, Cunardo and Induno Olona.

The Valganna is known for its caves and its waterfalls, often frozen during winter.

Monte Chiusarella
Monte Chiusarella is a mountain of Lombardy, Italy, with an elevation of 913 metres (2,995 ft). It is located in the Varese Prealps, in the Province of Varese, within the nature reserve of Campo dei Fiori.
Henry Kučera
Henry Kučera (15 February 1925 – 20 February 2010), born Jindřich Kučera (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjɪndr̝ɪx ˈkutʃɛra]), was a Czech-American linguist who pioneered corpus linguistics,  linguistic software, a major contributor to the American Heritage Dictionary, and a pioneer in the development of spell checking computer software. He is remembered in particular as one of the initiators of the Brown Corpus.

Natural language processing
Natural language processing (NLP) is the processing of natural language information by a computer. NLP is a subfield of computer science and is closely associated with artificial intelligence. NLP is also related to information retrieval, knowledge representation, computational linguistics, and linguistics more broadly.

Major processing tasks in an NLP system include: speech recognition, text classification, natural language understanding, and natural language generation.
ERT World (Canada)
ERT World is a Canadian exempt Category B Greek language specialty channel and is owned by Odyssey Television Network. It broadcasts programming from ERT World and local Canadian content produced by Odyssey TV.  It launched in November 2001 on Rogers Cable.

Programming on ERT World Canada includes news, talk shows, documentaries, sports, cultural programs and more. ERT World is the international service of ERT, Greece's public broadcaster. ERT World is also unofficially referred to as OTN2.

Television in Canada
Television in Canada officially began with the sign-on of the nation's first television stations in Montreal and Toronto in 1952. As with most media in Canada, the television industry, and the television programming available in that country, are strongly influenced by media in the United States and the United Kingdom, perhaps to an extent not seen in any other major industrialized nation. As a result, the government institutes quotas for "Canadian content". Nonetheless, new content is often aimed at a broader North American audience, although the similarities may be less pronounced in the predominantly French-language province of Quebec.
Disibodenberg
Disibodenberg (German pronunciation: [diziˈboːdn̩bɛʁk]) is a monastery ruin near Staudernheim in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It was founded on the eponymous hill near the convergence of the Glan and the Nahe rivers by Saint Disibod. Hildegard of Bingen, who wrote Disibod's Hagiography "Vita Sancti Disibodi", lived in Disibodenberg for 39 years. Today, it lies within the "Nature Protection Area Disibodenberg".

Diocese of Mainz
The Diocese of Mainz, (Latin: Diœcesis Moguntina, German: Bistum Mainz) historically known in English as Mentz as well as by its French name Mayence, is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Germany. It was founded in 304, promoted in 780 to Metropolitan Archbishopric of Mainz and demoted back in 1802 to bishopric. The diocese is suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Freiburg. Its district is located in the states of Rhineland-Palatinate and Hesse. The seat of the diocese is in Mainz at the Cathedral dedicated to Saints Martin and Stephen.
RollerJam
RollerJam is an American television series featuring roller derby that aired on The Nashville Network (TNN, now Paramount Network) from 1999 to 2001. It was the first attempt to bring roller derby to TV since RollerGames.

RollerJam was derived from the original roller derby, but newer skaters used inline skates to modernize the sport (several skaters, mostly older ones, used the traditional quad skates). The program was taped at Universal Studios Stage 21 in Orlando, Florida, known as RollerJam Arena for the first and second seasons (1999 and 2000) and the former American Gladiators arena in the show's final season. The first few weeks of the show's second season, which ran from August to October 1999, were taped at the MGM Grand Las Vegas.

Roller skates
Roller skates are boots with wheels mounted to the bottom, allowing the user to travel on hard surfaces similarly to an ice skater on ice. The first roller skate was an inline skate design, effectively an ice skate with a line of wheels replacing the blade. In modern usage, the term typically refers to skates with two pairs of wheels on shared axles like those of skateboards (early versions of which were made using roller skate parts). Skates with this configuration are also known as "quad skates" or "quads" and, like skateboards, steer by tilting the skate to one side, which causes the axles to turn inward.

Roller skating is a hobby, sport, and mode of transportation using roller skates.
Paul Silver
Paul Gordon Silver (November 30, 1948 – August 7, 2009) was an American seismologist.
A member of the research staff at the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism of the Carnegie Institution of Washington since 1982, Paul Silver made a series of important contributions to the investigation of seismic anisotropy and to earthquake research by observing the slow redistribution of stress and strain along fault zones.

Paul Silver and his younger daughter Celine died in an automobile accident in North Carolina on August 7, 2009.

American Geophysical Union
The American Geophysical Union (AGU) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization of Earth, atmospheric, ocean, hydrologic, space, and planetary scientists and enthusiasts that according to their website includes 130,000 people (not members). AGU's activities are focused on the organization and dissemination of scientific information in the interdisciplinary and international fields within the Earth and space sciences. The geophysical sciences involve four fundamental areas: atmospheric and ocean sciences; solid-Earth sciences; hydrologic sciences; and space sciences. The organization's headquarters is located on Florida Avenue in Washington, D.C.
Andrew Ridley
Andrew Claude Ridley (born 2 August 1968) is an Australian former cricketer.

Ridley was born at Sydney in August 1968. He studied at the University of Sydney, before undertaking his post-graduate studies in England at Exeter College, Oxford. While studying at Oxford, he made his debut in first-class cricket for Oxford University against Durham at Oxford in 1994. He played first-class cricket for Oxford until 1996, making twenty appearances. Playing as a batsman, he scored 857 runs at an average of 31.74. He made two centuries, with a high score of 155 against Cambridge University in The University Match of 1996. In addition to playing first-class cricket while at Oxford, he also made four List A one-day appearances for the British Universities cricket team in the 1996 Benson & Hedges Cup, scoring 152 runs at an average of 38.00, with a high score of 58.

Century (cricket)
In cricket, a century is a score of 100 or more runs in a single innings by a batter. The term is also included in "century partnership" which occurs when two batsmen add 100 runs to the team total when they are batting together. A century is regarded as a landmark score for batters and a player's number of centuries is generally recorded in their career statistics. Scoring a century is loosely equivalent in merit to a bowler taking a five-wicket haul, and is commonly referred to as a ton or hundred. Scores of more than 200 runs are still statistically counted as a century, although these scores are referred to as double (200–299 runs), triple (300–399 runs), and quadruple centuries (400–499 runs), and so on. Reaching 50 runs in an innings is known as a half-century.

Scoring a century at Lord's cricket ground in London earns the batter a place on the Lord's honours boards.
USS Isherwood
Two ships of United States Navy were named USS Isherwood in honor of Rear Admiral Benjamin F. Isherwood.

USS Isherwood (DD-284), was a Clemson-class destroyer, commissioned in 1919 and decommissioned in 1930

USS Isherwood (DD-520), was a Fletcher-class destroyer, commissioned in 1943, decommissioned in 1961 and transferred to the Peruvian Navy as Guise (DD-72)

Clemson-class destroyer
The Clemson class was a series of 156 destroyers (six more were cancelled and never begun) built at the end of World War I, the majority of which served with the United States Navy from after World War I and through World War II.

The Clemson-class ships were commissioned by the United States Navy from 1919 to 1922, built by Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company, New York Shipbuilding Corporation, William Cramp & Sons, Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Norfolk Naval Shipyard and Bath Iron Works, some quite rapidly. The Clemson class was a minor redesign of the Wickes class for greater fuel capacity and was the last pre-World War II class of flush-deck destroyers to be built for the United States. Until the Fletcher-class destroyer, the Clemsons were the most numerous class of destroyers commissioned in the United States Navy and were known colloquially as "flush-deckers", "four-stackers" or "four-pipers".
Marysville Historic Commercial District
The Marysville Historic Commercial District, in Marysville, California, is a 23-acre (9.3 ha) historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

The district included 59 contributing buildings and 27 non-contributing ones, on parts of 14 blocks.  It is roughly bounded by First, Sixth, C, and E Streets.

It includes Mission/Spanish Revival and Italianate architecture.

Mission Revival architecture
The Mission Revival style was part of an architectural movement, beginning in the late 19th century, for the revival and reinterpretation of American colonial styles. Mission Revival drew inspiration from the late 18th and early 19th century Spanish missions in California. It is sometimes termed California Mission Revival, particularly when used elsewhere, such as in New Mexico and Texas which have their own unique regional architectural styles. In Australia, the style is known as Spanish Mission.

The Mission Revival movement was most popular between 1890 and 1915, in numerous residential, commercial and institutional structures, particularly schools and railroad depots.
Czerników, Łódź Voivodeship
Czerników [t͡ʂɛrˈnikuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Piątek, within Łęczyca County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-west of Piątek, 15 km (9 mi) east of Łęczyca, and 30 km (19 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź. As of the census of 2011, the village has population of 147.

Piątek, Łódź Voivodeship
Piątek [ˈpjɔntɛk] is a town in Łęczyca County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Piątek. It lies approximately 20 km (12 mi) east of Łęczyca and 32 km (20 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź. It is located in the historic Łęczyca Land.

The town has a population of 1,690. It is claimed to lie at the "geometrical centre" of Poland, although it is not the true geographical centre – it is the centre determined as the intersection of the great circle diagonals of a rectangle formed by lines of latitude and longitude passing through the four extreme points of Poland.
Uppland Runic Inscription 308
Uppland Runic Inscription 308 or U 308 is the Rundata catalog designation  for a memorial runestone that is located in Ekeby, Stockholm County, Sweden, which was in the historic province of Uppland. While the tradition of carving inscriptions into boulders began in the 4th century and lasted into the 12th century, most runestones date from the late Viking Age.

Runestone
A runestone is typically a raised stone with a runic inscription, but the term can also be applied to inscriptions on boulders and on bedrock. The tradition of erecting runestones as a memorial to dead men began in the 4th century and lasted into the 12th century, but the majority of the extant runestones date from the late Viking Age. While most of these are located in Scandinavia, particularly Sweden, there are also scattered runestones in locations that were visited by Norsemen. Runestones were usually brightly coloured when erected, though this is no longer evident as the colour has worn off.
Chemical Control Superfund Site
The Chemical Control Corporation superfund site is located at 22 South Front St. Elizabeth, New Jersey. Once a marsh, the 2-acre (0.81 ha) area next to the Elizabeth River is primarily flat land slightly above sea-level. The company, Chemical Control Corporation, worked as a hazardous waste disposal plant from 1970 until its condemnation in 1979. Before the April 21, 1980 fire, it was reported  that over 50,000 drums of chemicals, including dioxins, benzene, cyanide, toluene, ethylene dichloride, and more, were present on the site. State intervention was taken prior to the fire, but it became a matter of national intervention following the fire due to the level of contamination that impacted the environment and community. Cleanup operations have been underway since the early 1980s. The Environmental Protection Agency is considering removing the site from the National Priorities List because of the extensive cleanup that has been done.

Hazardous waste
Hazardous waste is waste that must be handled properly to avoid damaging human health or the environment. Waste can be hazardous because it is toxic, reacts violently with other chemicals, or is corrosive, among other traits. As of 2022, humanity produces 300–500 million metric tons of hazardous waste annually. Some common examples are electronics, batteries, and paints. An important aspect of managing hazardous waste is safe disposal. Hazardous waste can be stored in hazardous waste landfills, burned, or recycled into something new. Managing hazardous waste is important to achieve worldwide sustainability. Hazardous waste is regulated on national scale by national governments as well as on an international scale by the United Nations (UN) and international treaties. A controlled waste is subject to legislative control in its handling or its disposal.
Fanous (surname)
Fanous is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Akhnoukh Fanous (1856–1946), Egyptian politician

Ester Fanous (1895–1990), Egyptian feminist

Isaac Fanous (1919–2007), Egyptian artist and scholar

Lawrence Fanous (born 1985), Jordanian triathlete

Wagih Fanous (born 1948), Lebanese critic, academic, and researcher

Isaac Fanous
Isaac Fanous (Coptic: ⲓⲥⲁⲁⲕ ⲫⲁⲛⲟⲩⲥ; December 19, 1919 – January 15, 2007) was an Egyptian Copt iconographer, scholar and theologian, who single-handedly founded the most popular style of contemporary Coptic art today, commonly referred to as "Neo-Coptic".
Llogara Pass
The Llogara Pass (Albanian: Qafa e Llogarasë); (also Llogora in local dialect) is a high mountain pass within the Ceraunian Mountains along the Albanian Riviera. It connects the Dukat Valley in the north with Himarë in the south. Orikum is the nearest city on the northern side of the pass and the village of Dhërmi in the south.

The Llogara Pass is also part of the Llogara National Park, which spans an area of 10.1 km2 (3.9 sq mi).

Dhërmi
Dhërmi (Albanian definite form: Dhërmiu; Greek: Δρυμάδες, Drymádes) is a village in Vlorë County, Albania. It is part of the municipality of Himarë. The village lies 42 kilometers south of the city of Vlorë and 69 kilometers north of the southern city of Sarandë. It is built on a slope of the Ceraunian Mountains at approximately 200 meters in altitude, and comprises three neighborhoods: Gjilek, Kondraq, Kallami, and Dhërmi itself. The mountains descend to the southwest into the Ionian coast and Corfu in the distance to the south. Nearby is the village of Palasë. The local inhabitants of Dhërmi are ethnic Greeks that mainly speak a variant of the Greek Himariote dialect, and partly the Tosk Albanian dialect. During the last decade, the coastal area has seen a boom in the construction of accommodation facilities, such as wooden villa complexes.
Piney Creek (Kings River tributary)
Piney Creek is a stream in southern Carroll County of the U.S. state of Arkansas. It is a tributary to the Kings River.

The stream headwaters arise near 36°11′40″N 93°27′08″W﻿ / ﻿36.19444°N 93.45222°W﻿ / 36.19444; -93.45222 at an elevation of approximately 1660 feet. The source area is on the southwest flank of Usery Mountain just north of Arkansas Highway 68 about one half mile northeast of Gobbler. The stream flows northwest parallel to Arkansas Highway 103 past Rudd and Metalton. It passes under Arkansas Highway 21 at Metalton and continues to the northwest to enter the Kings River at the Carroll-Madison county line at 36°16′02″N 93°38′07″W﻿ / ﻿36.26722°N 93.63528°W﻿ / 36.26722; -93.63528 and an elevation of 1132 feet.

Piney Creek was so named for the pine timber along its course.

Carroll County, Arkansas
Carroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,260. The county has two county seats, Berryville and Eureka Springs.  Carroll County is Arkansas's 26th county, formed on November 1, 1833, and named after Charles Carroll, the last surviving signer of the United States Declaration of Independence.
1991 Nepalese general election
General elections were held in Nepal on 12 May 1991, to elect 205 members to the House of Representatives. The elections were the first multi-party elections since 1959 and were a result of the 1990 revolution forcing King Birendra to restore a multi-party system.

Although the Nepali Congress won the most seats, its leader Krishna Prasad Bhattarai lost in his own constituency, Kathmandu 1. Communist leader Madan Kumar Bhandari was elected in both Kathmandu 1 and Kathmandu 5, vacating the latter.

King of Nepal
The king of Nepal (traditionally known as the mahārājdhirāja i.e. great king of kings; Nepali: महाराजधिराज) was Nepal's head of state and monarch from 1768 to 2008. He served as the head of the Nepalese monarchy—Shah dynasty. The monarchy was abolished on 28 May 2008 by the 1st Constituent Assembly.  The subnational monarchies in Mustang, Bajhang, Salyan, and Jajarkot were abolished in October of the same year.
Kaspichan Municipality
Kaspichan Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Каспичан) is a municipality (obshtina) in Shumen Province, Northeastern Bulgaria. It is named after its administrative centre, the town of Kaspichan.

The municipality embraces a territory of 279 km2 (108 sq mi) with a population of 8,871 inhabitants as of December 2009. The area is crossed from east to west by the eastern operating section of Hemus motorway, which is planned to connect the port of Varna with the capital Sofia.

Opština
Opština, općina, občina, obshtina or obshchina (Cyrillic: општина, опћина or община), is a local government unit in Slavic-speaking countries, most commonly translated as municipality in English. It is used by the following countries:
The Living World
The Living World is a long-running natural history radio programme, made by the BBC and broadcast on its Radio 4. The series was created at the BBC Natural History Unit by Dilys Breese and Derek Jones, initially as a 52-week series, in 1968. It chiefly covers topics related to the flora and fauna of the British Isles, with occasional forays further afield, such as a 1997 episode on the wildlife of the Rock of Gibraltar.

For many years until 2009 the lead presenter was Lionel Kelleway. Current presenters are Trai Anfield and Chris Sperring. Other presenters include Miranda Krestovnikoff, Paul Evans Brett Westwood. and Joanna Pinnock

As of August 2010 the producer is Andrew Dawes.

In July 1968, two possible theme tunes for the programme were composed and recorded by Delia Derbyshire, but these were rejected and a piece of jazz music used instead.

Delia Derbyshire
Delia Ann Derbyshire (5 May 1937 – 3 July 2001) was an English musician and composer of electronic music. She worked with the BBC Radiophonic Workshop during the 1960s, including an electronic arrangement of the theme music to the British science-fiction television series Doctor Who. She has been referred to as "the unsung heroine of British electronic music", having influenced musicians including Aphex Twin, the Chemical Brothers and Paul Hartnoll of Orbital.
Tom Healey
Thomas F. Healey (1853 – February 6, 1891) was an American Major League Baseball player who pitched for one season. In (1878) he played with the Providence Grays and Indianapolis Blues.  For his career, he compiled a 6-7 record in 14 appearances, with a 2.39 earned run average and 20 strikeouts. He was born in Cranston, Rhode Island and died in Lewiston, Maine.

Cranston, Rhode Island
Cranston, formerly known as Pawtuxet, is a city in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States. The official population of the city in the 2020 United States Census was 82,934, making it the second-largest city in the state. The center of population of Rhode Island is located in Cranston. Cranston is a part of the Providence metropolitan area.

The Town of Cranston was created in 1754 from a portion of Providence north of the Pawtuxet River. After losing much of its territory to neighboring towns and the city of Providence, Cranston itself became a city on March 10, 1910.
Torridon Group
The Torridon Group is a series of Tonian (lower Neoproterozoic) arenaceous and argillaceous sedimentary rocks, which occur extensively in the Northwest Highlands of Scotland. These strata are particularly well exposed in the district of upper Loch Torridon, a circumstance which suggested the name Torridon Sandstone, first applied to these rocks by James Nicol. Stratigraphically, they lie unconformably on gneisses of the Lewisian complex and sandstones of the lithologically similar Mesoproterozoic Stoer Group and their outcrop extent is restricted to the Hebridean terrane.

Mesoproterozoic
The Mesoproterozoic Era is a geologic era that occurred from 1,600 to 1,000 million years ago. The Mesoproterozoic was the first era of Earth's history for which a fairly definitive geological record survives. Continents existed during the preceding era (the Paleoproterozoic), but little is known about them. The continental masses of the Mesoproterozoic were more or less the same ones that exist today, although their arrangement on the Earth's surface was different.
Head of the Lakes Conference
The Head of the Lakes Conference is a former high school athletic conference with membership in close proximity to the Twin Ports region of Minnesota and Wisconsin. Founded in 1918 and disbanded by 1954, its public school members belonged to the Minnesota State High School League and the Wisconsin Interscholastic Athletic Association.

Athletic conference
An athletic conference is a collection of sports teams which play competitively against each other in a sports league. In many cases conferences are subdivided into smaller divisions, with the best teams competing at successively higher levels. Conferences often, but not always, include teams from a common geographic region.