hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Timeline of US intervention in Syria
The United States intervention in Syria is the United States-led support of Syrian opposition and Rojava during the course of the Syrian civil war and active military involvement led by the United States and its allies – the militaries of the United Kingdom, France, Jordan, Turkey, Canada, Australia and more – against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) and al-Nusra Front since 2014. Since early 2017, the U.S. and other Coalition partners have also targeted the Ba'athist government in Syria and its allies via airstrikes and aircraft shoot-downs.

Deir ez-Zor
Deir ez-Zor (Arabic: دَيْرُ ٱلزَّوْرِ / دَيْرُ ٱلزُّور, romanized: Dayru z-Zawr / Dayru z-Zūr) is the largest city in eastern Syria and the seventh largest in the country. Located on the banks of the Euphrates 450 km (280 mi) to the northeast of the capital Damascus, Deir ez-Zor is the capital of the Deir ez-Zor Governorate. In the 2018 census, it had a population of 271,800.
Rupshu
Rupshu is a high elevation plateau valley and an eponymous community development block in southeast Ladakh, India. It is between the Startsapuk Tso and Tso Moriri, and west of Mahe.

The Salt Valley and the Puga Valley to its north are also part of the bigger Rupshu area. The Chumar area disputed by India-China in south-eastern Ladakh lies in Rupshu block, south of the Tso Moriri lake, on the bank of the Parang River (or Pare Chu), close to Ladakh's border with Tibet.

Parang River
The Parang River (Chinese: 帕里河; pinyin: Pà lǐ hé), also called Para River (Chinese: 巴拉河; pinyin: Bā lā hé) and Pare Chu (Chinese: 帕里曲; pinyin: Pà lǐ qū) is an upstream tributary of the Sutlej River, that originates in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh and ends in Himachal Pradesh again, but flows through Ladakh and Tibet before doing so. The origin of the river is near the Parang La pass in the Spiti subdistrict. After its circuitous journey, it joins the Spiti River near Sumdo in Himachal Pradesh and the combined river then joins Sutlej.
Trevor Harvey (soccer)
Trevor Harvey (7 September 1916 – 24 July 1988) is a former Canadian soccer player. He was a four-time national champion, winning titles with the Westminster Royals FC (1936), Vancouver Johnston National Storage FC (1937), and North Shore United FC (1938 and 1949). He was posthumously named an honoured member of the Canada Soccer Hall of Fame.

He notably won the Canadian Championship in three successive seasons with three different teams from 1936 to 1938. He was the hero of the 1938 series, a five-game series with Timmins' Dome Mines club.

While he was predominantly a centre half, he could also play just about any position on the forward line, too. In 1942–43, he led the Pacific Coast League in goalscoring (he was the first player to surpass the 20-goal plateau after the league was re-established in 1939-40).

In 1985, Harvey was inducted into the BC Sports Hall of Fame.

Dome Mines
Dome Mines Limited was a Canadian mining company that existed from 1910 to 1987. It has been the largest gold producer in Canada and in North America.

The company was formed to operate the Dome Mine in Timmins, Ontario, and expanded to operate mines in Ontario and Quebec. Subsidiary Dome Petroleum was formed in 1950. The company was merged into Placer Dome in 1987, which in turn was acquired by Barrick Gold in 2006.
George K. Crozer Mansion
The George K. Crozer Mansion, also known as Netherleigh, was an historic mansion which was located in Upland, Delaware County, Pennsylvania.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

Delaware County, Pennsylvania
Delaware County, colloquially referred to as Delco, is in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. With a population of 576,830 as of the 2020 census, it is the fifth-most populous county in Pennsylvania and the third-smallest in area. The county was created on September 26, 1789, from part of Chester County and named for the Delaware River. The county is part of the Philadelphia metropolitan area, or Delaware Valley, region of the commonwealth.

Delaware County borders Philadelphia, the nation's sixth-most populous city, to its northeast. It also is adjacent to the city-county of Philadelphia County and is included in the Philadelphia–Camden–Wilmington, PA–NJ–DE–MD metropolitan statistical area. Its county seat is Media, which is located near the center of the county.
Chandipat Sahay
The Hon'ble Chandipat Sahay MLC was a principal zamindar and ruler of the Patna zamindari estate, primarily governing the district of Patna. He also served a term as a Member of Legislative Council in the Legislative Council of the Governor of Bihar and Orissa, representing the Patna Division Landholders' Constituency, where he was appointed to the Panel of Chairmen.

Legislatures of British India
The Legislatures of British India included legislative bodies in the presidencies and provinces of British India, the Imperial Legislative Council, the Chamber of Princes and the Central Legislative Assembly. The legislatures were created under Acts of Parliament of the United Kingdom. Initially serving as small advisory councils, the legislatures evolved into partially elected bodies, but were never elected through suffrage. Provincial legislatures saw boycotts during the period of dyarchy between 1919 and 1935. After reforms and elections in 1937, the largest parties in provincial legislatures formed governments headed by a prime minister. A few British Indian subjects were elected to the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which had superior powers than colonial legislatures. British Indian legislatures did not include Burma's legislative assembly after 1937, the State Council of Ceylon nor the legislative bodies of princely states.
Rydlewo
Rydlewo [rɨdˈlɛvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żnin, within Żnin County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.

The Polish-American dancer and actress Gilda Gray (Marianna Michalska, 1901–1959) was born in Rydlewo.

Gmina Żnin
Gmina Żnin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Żnin County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żnin, which lies approximately 36 kilometres (22 mi) south-west of Bydgoszcz.

The gmina covers an area of 251.55 square kilometres (97.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 24,089 (out of which the population of Żnin amounts to 14,052, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,037).
Euura nigricantis
Euura nigricantis is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae (common sawflies). The larvae feed within galls on the leaves of  dark-leaved willow (Salix myrsinifolia). It was described by Jens-Peter Kopelke in 1986.

Salix myrsinifolia
Salix myrsinifolia, known as the dark-leaved willow or myrsine-leaved willow, is a species of willow native to Europe and Western Siberia. It forms a 2–5 m (6.6–16.4 ft)  high shrub. In the north, it often becomes a tree up to 8 m (26 ft) tall.
Quasi-algebraically closed field
In mathematics, a field F is called quasi-algebraically closed (or C1) if every non-constant homogeneous polynomial P over F has a non-trivial zero provided the number of its variables is more than its degree.  The idea of quasi-algebraically closed fields was investigated by C. C. Tsen, a student of Emmy Noether, in a 1936 paper (Tsen 1936); and later by Serge Lang in his 1951 Princeton University dissertation and in his 1952 paper (Lang 1952). The idea itself is attributed to Lang's advisor Emil Artin.

Formally, if P is a non-constant homogeneous polynomial in variables

X1, ..., XN,

and of degree d satisfying

d < N

then it has a non-trivial zero over F; that is, for some xi in F, not all 0, we have

P(x1, ..., xN) = 0.

In geometric language, the hypersurface defined by P, in projective space of degree N − 2,  then has a point over F.

Hypersurface
In geometry, a hypersurface is a generalization of the concepts of hyperplane, plane curve, and surface. A hypersurface is a manifold or an algebraic variety of dimension n − 1, which is embedded in an ambient space of dimension n, generally a Euclidean space, an affine space or a projective space.
Hypersurfaces share, with surfaces in a three-dimensional space, the property of being defined by a single implicit equation, at least locally (near every point), and sometimes globally.

A hypersurface in a (Euclidean, affine, or projective) space of dimension two is a plane curve. In a space of dimension three, it is a surface.

For example, the equation

defines an algebraic hypersurface of dimension n − 1 in the Euclidean space of dimension n. This hypersurface is also a smooth manifold, and is  called a hypersphere or an (n – 1)-sphere.
Other ranks
Other ranks (ORs) in the Royal Marines (RM), the British Army, and the Royal Air Force (RAF), along with the navies, armies, and air forces of many other Commonwealth countries and Ireland, are those personnel who are not commissioned officers, but usually include non-commissioned officers (NCOs).  In the Royal Navy (RN), these personnel are called "ratings" rather than "other ranks".  "Non-commissioned member" (NCM) is the equivalent term in the Canadian Armed Forces, and "enlisted rank" is used in the United States and elsewhere.

The term "other ranks" is often considered to exclude warrant officers (WO), and occasionally in some militaries also excludes NCOs.  Formally, a regiment consists of the "officers, warrant officers, non-commissioned officers, and men", or the "officers, warrant officers, and other ranks".

Enlisted rank
An enlisted rank (also known as an enlisted grade or enlisted rate or enlisted man) is, in some armed services, any rank below that of a commissioned officer. The term can be inclusive of non-commissioned officers or warrant officers, except in United States military usage where warrant officers/chief warrant officers are a separate officer category ranking above enlisted grades and below commissioned officer grades. In most cases, enlisted service personnel perform jobs specific to their own occupational specialty, as opposed to the more generalized command responsibilities of commissioned officers.

The term "enlistment" refers solely to a military commitment (whether officer or enlisted) whereas the terms "taken on strength" and "struck off strength" refer to a service member being carried on a given unit's roll.
2007–08 SLC Super Provincial Twenty20
The 2007–08 SLC Super Provincial Twenty20 is the 1st season of the official Twenty20 domestic cricket competition in Sri Lanka. Six teams in total, five representing four provinces of Sri Lanka and a Sri Lanka Schools XI team participating in the competition. The competition began on 17 April 2008, when Basnahira North elevens played the Wayamba elevens at Colts Cricket Club Ground, Colombo.

This season comprised 15 regular matches, two semi finals and a grand final.

Colts Cricket Club Ground
Colts Cricket Club Ground  is a cricket ground on Park Road in Havelock Town, Colombo, Sri Lanka, in the south-east corner of Havelock Park. It has been the home of Colts Cricket Club since 1971.

The ground is a regular venue for first-class and List A cricket matches and has also hosted many women's cricket matches. It has also hosted some Youth Tests and ODIs. As of late December 2016 it had hosted 188 first-class matches.
Kazimierz Szempliński
Kazimierz Włodzimierz Szempliński (7 January 1899 – 12 February 1971) was a Polish fencer, Army Major, resistance fighter and former prisoner of war. Szempliński competed in the team épée event at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

From November 1919 he was a member of Polish Armed Forces. Szempliński fought in the Polish-Soviet War and then in the September Campaign of World War II. During the latter, he served in the Łódź Army and fought at Sieradz and Warsaw. Afterwards, he was held by the Germans in the Oflag II-C prisoner-of-war camp.

Épée
The épée (/ˈɛpeɪ, ˈeɪ-/, French: [epe]; lit. 'sword'), also rendered as epee in English, is the largest and heaviest of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. The modern épée derives from the 19th-century épée de combat, a weapon which itself derives from the French small sword.

As a thrusting weapon, the épée is similar to a foil (contrasted with a sabre, which is designed for slashing). It has a stiffer blade than a foil. It is triangular in cross-section with a V-shaped groove called a fuller. The épée also has a larger bell guard designed to protect the user’s arm. In addition to the larger "bell" guard and blade, the épée weighs more than the foil and sabre which contributes to its reputation of being the slowest form of fencing. The techniques of use differ, as there are no rules regarding priority and a lack of right of way. Thus, immediate counterattacks are a common feature of épée fencing. The entire body is a valid target area.
Kilby Provincial Park
Kilby Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada. Kilby Park is located in Harrison Mills, on the Harrison River overlooking Harrison Bay in the Upper Fraser Valley of southwestern British Columbia. It comprises 3 hectares (7.4 acres) with 30 campsites and a boat launch. The park offers a sandy summer beach and fall/winter viewing of bald eagles and migrating trumpeter swans from Alaska.

BC Geographical Names
The BC Geographical Names (formerly BC Geographical Names Information System or BCGNIS) is a geographic name web service and database for the Canadian province of British Columbia run by the Base Mapping and Geomatic Services Branch of the Integrated Land Management Bureau. BCGNIS is the master database of British Columbia place names. The database contains approximately 50,000 current and former official names and spellings of towns, mountains, rivers, lakes, and other geographic places in British Columbia. About 50% of the names have brief notes about the history of the geographic names, and their use in history.
John Nathan-Turner
John Turner (12 August 1947 – 1 May 2002), known professionally as John Nathan-Turner, was an English television producer. He was the ninth producer of the long-running BBC science fiction series Doctor Who and the final producer of the series' first run on television (from 1980 until it was cancelled in 1989). He finished the role having become the longest-serving Doctor Who producer and cast Peter Davison, Colin Baker and Sylvester McCoy as the Fifth, Sixth and Seventh Doctors, respectively.

Sylvester McCoy
Percy James Patrick Kent-Smith (born 20 August 1943), known professionally as Sylvester McCoy, is a Scottish actor. Gaining prominence as a physical comedian, he portrayed the seventh incarnation of the Doctor in the BBC science fiction series Doctor Who from 1987 to 1989—the final Doctor of the classic series—and reprised the role in the televised stories Dimensions in Time (1993), Doctor Who (1996) and "The Power of the Doctor" (2022). He is also known for portraying the wizard Radagast in The Hobbit film series (2012–2014).
Sich a Getting up Stairs
"Sich a Getting Up Stairs" (and various variant spellings) is an American song that dates to the early 1830s. It was in the repertoire of Thomas D. Rice and other early blackface performers.

Musicologist Hans Nathan calls "Sich a Getting Up Stairs" a descendant of the song "Getting Upstairs", a Border Morris song from England and Wales. Musicologist Dale Cockrell, on the other hand, doubts this, as the copy of "Getting Upstairs" on which Nathan based his comparison dates to after the creation of the American blackface song. "Sich a Getting Up Stairs" was fairly popular in the United States and could thus have influenced later versions of the Morris song.

Thomas D. Rice
Thomas Dartmouth Rice (May 20, 1808 – September 19, 1860) was an American performer and playwright who performed in blackface and used African American vernacular speech, song and dance to become one of the most popular minstrel show entertainers of his time. He is considered the "father of American minstrelsy". His act drew on aspects of African American culture and popularized them with a national, and later international, audience.

Rice's "Jim Crow" character was based on a folk trickster of that name that was long popular among slaves. Rice also adapted and popularized a traditional song of slaves called "Jump Jim Crow".  The name became used for the "Jim Crow laws" that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States between the 1870s and 1965.
Greenfield Park, New York
Greenfield Park is a hamlet in the Town of Wawarsing, Ulster County, New York, United States. The community is located along New York State Route 52, 4.7 miles (7.6 km) west of Ellenville. Greenfield Park has a post office with ZIP code 12435, which opened on December 23, 1852.

It is home to many bungalow colonies which are summer homes for mostly Jewish families who escape the summer heat in Brooklyn, including Tamarack Hills, Greenfield Meadows, and Dee Lees.

Ulster County, New York
Ulster County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. It is situated along the Hudson River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 182,977. The county seat is Kingston. The county is named after the Irish province of Ulster. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.
2023–24 Ohio Bobcats women's basketball team
The 2023–24 Ohio Bobcats women's basketball team represented Ohio University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Bobcats, led by eleventh-year head coach Bob Boldon, played their home games at the Convocation Center in Athens, Ohio as a member of the Mid-American Conference. They finished the regular season 11–18, 8–10 in MAC play, to finish tied for 6th place. They lost to Ball State in the first round of the MAC tournament.

2023–24 Ball State Cardinals women's basketball team
The 2023–24 Ball State Cardinals women's basketball team represented Ball State University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Cardinals, led by 12th year head coach Brady Sallee, played their home games at the Worthen Arena in Muncie, Indiana as a member of the Mid-American Conference.
Gilchrist Maclagan
Gilchrist Stanley Maclagan (5 October 1879 – 25 April 1915) was a British rower who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics. He was killed in action during the First World War.

Maclagan was born in London, the son of Dr. T. J. Maclagan. He was educated at Eton and Magdalen College, Oxford. When he was at Oxford University, he coxed the Oxford boat in the Boat Race for four years from 1899 to 1902. He joined Leander Club and coxed their boat at Henley Royal Regatta from 1899 to 1908. He set the record of being the only man to be in the winning crew in the Grand Challenge Cup six times. In 1908, he was cox of the Leander eight, which won the gold medal for Great Britain rowing at the 1908 Summer Olympics.

Maclagan became a member of the London Stock Exchange in 1904. In World War I, Maclagan served as a lieutenant in the Royal Warwickshire Regiment. He was killed in action in Pilckem Ridge, at the Second Battle of Ypres, aged 35, and is commemorated on the Menin Gate.

Coxswain (rowing)
In a rowing crew, the coxswain (/ˈkɒksən/ KOK-sən or /ˈkɒksweɪn/ KOK-swayn; colloquially known as the cox or coxie) is a crewmember who does not row but directs the boat. The coxswain sits facing the bow, unlike the rowers, and is responsible for steering the boat and coordinating the power and rhythm of the rowers. The coxswain's role while on the water is similar to that of an assistant coach or team captain, and they are sometimes also called upon to implement the training regimen or race plan.

In most racing, coxswains may be of either sex regardless of the sex of the rowers. Often they are women, since women are more likely to be near the ideal weight of a cox, which is 110 lbs or 120 lbs for USRowing and 55 kg for World Rowing (see Sex, and Weight, below).
Deborah Boliver Boehm
Deborah Boliver Boehm is a journalist, travel writer, editor and the former editor of Eastwest magazine. She also works as a translator. Boehm moved to Japan to attend college in Kyoto in 1970. She was a student of Japanese language and culture and wanted to continue her education. She writes horror and supernatural based in Japanese folklore while she is the translator for Kenzaburō Ōe, the winner of the 1994 Nobel Prize for Literature. She also translates for Mariko Koike who writes detective and horror fiction. Boehm now lives in Santa Fe, New Mexico.

Kenzaburō Ōe
Kenzaburō Ōe (大江 健三郎, Ōe Kenzaburō; 31 January 1935 – 3 March 2023) was a Japanese writer and a major figure in contemporary Japanese literature. His novels, short stories and essays, strongly influenced by French and American literature and literary theory, deal with political, social and philosophical issues, including nuclear weapons, nuclear power, social non-conformism, and existentialism. Ōe was awarded the 1994 Nobel Prize in Literature for creating "an imagined world, where life and myth condense to form a disconcerting picture of the human predicament today".
Joseph H. Cook
Joseph Henry Cook (November 11, 1829 – March 7, 1921) was a merchant and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Queen's County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1882 to 1890 as a Liberal member.

He was born in Guysborough County, Nova Scotia, the son of Benjamin Cook and Lucy Maria Cameron, and was educated in Queens County. Cook was a justice of the peace, a member of the county council and a captain in the militia. He married Sophia Freeman in 1853. He died in Milton, Nova Scotia.

Guysborough County
Guysborough County (Scottish Gaelic: Siorramachd a' Mhainisdeir) is a historic county in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. The area was first inhabited by the indigenous Mi'kmaq, and was colonized by France in the 17th century. Following the defeat of France in North America, the area was settled by loyalists after the American Revolutionary War. The county was created when it was split from Sydney County in 1836. Guysborough County was divided into two administrative districts with separate councils and courts in 1879: Guysborough and St. Mary's. The town of Canso was incorporated in 1901, followed by Mulgrave in 1923. Canso was dissolved as a town in 2012.

While there has been no county administration since 1879, Guysborough County exists as a census subdivision. As of 2021, Guysborough County had a population of 7,373, down from a peak population of 18,320 in 1901. The largest communities are Canso, Mulgrave, Sherbrooke, and Guysborough.
Carol Brown (rower)
Carol Page Brown (born April 19, 1953) is an American rower who competed in the 1976 Summer Olympics. She was also a member of the 1980 Olympic team women's eight that did not compete in the Moscow Olympic Games due to the US-led boycott. She was a member of the 1984 Olympic team in Los Angeles.

Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics
Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal featured races in 14 events, all held at the rowing basin on Notre Dame Island. Women's events held at 1000 m debuted (they would be lengthened to the men's events of 2000 m at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul).

There was a desire by the IOC's program commission to reduce the number of competitors and a number of recommendations were put to the IOC's executive board on 23 February 1973, which were all accepted. Rowing was the only sport where the number of competitors was increased, and women were admitted for the first time in Olympic history. The quadruple sculls events were introduced at this Olympics, without coxswain for men and with coxswain for women.