hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
When We All Fall Asleep Tour
The When We All Fall Asleep World Tour (stylized in all caps) was the fourth concert tour by American singer-songwriter Billie Eilish, in support of her debut studio album When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go? (2019). The tour began on April 13, 2019, in Indio, California at Empire Polo Club as part of Coachella, and concluded in Mexico City on November 17, 2019, as part of Corona Capital.

Empire Polo Club
33°40′47″N 116°14′14″W﻿ / ﻿33.679811°N 116.237256°W﻿ / 33.679811; -116.237256
The Empire Polo Club is a 1,000-acre event venue in Indio, California, located in the Coachella Valley of Riverside County, approximately 22 miles southeast of Palm Springs. It was founded in 1987 for use by polo players, hosting international polo tournaments. Since 1993, the grounds have been leased out for events, including the annual Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival and Stagecoach Festival in April.
Chalybeate Spring, Mittagong
The Chalybeate Spring at Mittagong, New South Wales, was a perennial, carbonated, chalybeate (iron-rich) mineral spring. The spring was for many years a tourist attraction, mainly during the second half of the 19th century and first few decades of the 20th century. Successive chalybeate springs at Mittagong had, over many thousands of years, created a deposit of iron ore that was mined by the Fitzroy Iron Works, which was closely associated with the early development of the town of Mittagong, in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia. Although there is still some seepage, close to where it once was, the spring itself has now disappeared.

Limonite
Limonite (/ˈlaɪməˌnaɪt/) is an iron ore consisting of a mixture of hydrated iron(III) oxide-hydroxides in varying composition. The generic formula is frequently written as FeO(OH)·nH2O, although this is not entirely accurate as the ratio of oxide to hydroxide can vary quite widely. Limonite is one of the three principal iron ores, the others being hematite and magnetite, and has been mined for the production of iron since at least 400 BC.
Erigeron miser
Erigeron miser is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names starved daisy or starved fleabane. It is endemic to California, where it is known only from the northern High Sierra Nevada.

Erigeron miser grows in rock crevices in coniferous forests and talus. It is a perennial herb producing several decumbent or erect stems up to about 25 centimeters (10 inches) long from a woody caudex. The plant is coated densely in long hairs. The small, narrow leaves are equal in size and evenly spaced along the stem. The inflorescence bears one or more flower heads on long erect peduncles, each lined with hairy, glandular phyllaries. The flower head contains many yellow disc florets but no ray florets. The fruit is an achene with a pappus of bristles.

Caudex
A caudex (pl.: caudices) of a plant is a stem, but the term is also used to mean a rootstock and particularly a basal stem structure from which new growth arises.

In the strict sense of the term, meaning a stem, "caudex" is most often used with plants that have a different stem morphology from the typical angiosperm dicotyledon stem; examples include palms, ferns, and cycads. The largest of all caudices is that of the ombu (Phytolacca dioica) of the Pampas of South America, which can reach up to 14 metres girth.

The related term caudiciform, literally meaning stem-like, is sometimes used to mean pachycaul, thick-stemmed. Caudices should not be confused with lignotubers which can also be very large.
Vegetius
Publius (or Flavius) Vegetius Renatus, known as Vegetius (Latin: [u̯ɛˈɡɛtiʊs]), was a writer of the Later Roman Empire (late 4th century). Nothing is known of his life or station beyond what is contained in his two surviving works: Epitoma rei militaris (also referred to as De re militari), and the lesser-known Digesta Artis Mulomedicinae, a guide to veterinary medicine. He identifies himself in the opening of his work Epitoma rei militaris as a Christian.

Later Roman Empire
In historiography, the Late or Later Roman Empire, traditionally covering the period from 284 CE to 641 CE, was a time of significant transformation in Roman governance, society, and religion. Diocletian's reforms, including the establishment of the tetrarchy, aimed to address the vastness of the empire and internal instability. The rise of Christianity, legalized by Constantine the Great in 313 CE, profoundly changed the religious landscape, becoming a central force in Roman life. Simultaneously, barbarian invasions, particularly by the Goths and the Huns, weakened the Western Roman Empire, which collapsed in 476 CE. In contrast, the Eastern Roman Empire endured, evolving into the Byzantine Empire and laying the foundations for medieval Europe.

This article ends with the Arab conquest of Egypt in 641 CE and the beginning of the Byzantine Dark Ages.
Diriangén
Diriangén was a native Nicaraguan king who controlled land from Diriamba in Carazo to the Ochomogo river in Rivas, outside the boundaries of Macuilmiquiztli's Nahua chiefdom of Kwawkapolkan, as well as the Nahua chiefdom of Kakawatan, also located in Rivas, ruled by chief Wemak. Diriangen belonged to the Chorotegas, an Otomanguean people who arrived in Nicaragua in 800 AD after they migrated from central and southern Mexico in 600 AD.

Rivas Department
Rivas (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈriβas]) is a department of the Republic of Nicaragua. It covers an area of 2,162 km2 (835 sq mi) and has a population of 183,611 (2021 estimate). The department's capital is the city of Rivas. The indigenous inhabitants of Rivas are the Nicarao, and was the location of the pre-Columbian Nahua chiefdoms of Kwawkapolkan and Kakawatan.
Brick seamoth
The brick seamoth, Pegasus laternarius, also known as the long-tailed dragonfish, long-tailed seamoth, pelagic dragon-fish, or the winged dragonfish, is a species of ray-finned fish in the Pegasidae, or seamoth, family. This species is used extensively in the Guangdong and Guangxi province of China to treat scrofula, cough, and diarrhea.

Mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis
The disease mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis, also known historically as scrofula and the king's evil, involves a lymphadenitis of the cervical (neck) lymph nodes associated with tuberculosis as well as nontuberculous (atypical) mycobacteria such as Mycobacterium marinum.
FC Olimpia Gelendzhik
FC Olimpia Gelendzhik (Russian: «ФК Олимпия» Геленджик) is a Russian football team from Gelendzhik, founded in 2011. It played in the Russian Second Division in the 2011/12 season, taking 14th place in Zone South. It withdrew from the professional competitions after the season.

Gelendzhik
Gelendzhik (Russian: Геленджик; Adyghe: Хъулъыжъий, Ḣułəžij) is a resort town in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, located on the Gelendzhik Bay of the Black Sea, between Novorossiysk (31 kilometers (19 mi) to the northwest) and Tuapse (93 kilometers (58 mi) to the southeast). Greater Gelendzhik sprawls for 102 kilometers (63 mi) along the coastline and covers an area of 122,754 hectares (303,330 acres), although only 1,926 hectares (4,760 acres) fall within the boundaries of Gelendzhik proper. Population: 80,204 (2021 census); 54,980 (2010 census); 50,012 (2002 census); 47,711 (1989 Soviet census).
Mazeppa Bay
Mazeppa Bay is a town in Amathole District Municipality in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa.It is famous for fishing trips hosted by Owen Richter “wild coast angling” and frequented by the 6 legends Leon Roos Gerhard Vanrensburg Willie Hattingh Johan Grobbelaar Deon Scholtz and Roos’s 2nd best friend the legendary J J Rossouw.

Mazeppa Bay is a holiday resort on the Wild Coast, 175 km north-east of East London. The name Mazeppa comes from the schooner Mazeppa, which took the surviving Voortrekkers of Louis Trichardt's party from Delagoa Bay to Port Natal in 1839. The schooner in turn was named after the Ukrainian patriot Ivan Mazeppa (1639–1709). After the publication of Byron’s poem Mazeppa in May 1819 it became common to name boats Mazeppa as a symbol of speed.

Mazeppa Bay is known for its fishing and was featured in episode three of the first season of Extreme Fishing with Robson Green.

East London, South Africa
East London (Xhosa: eMonti; Afrikaans: Oos-Londen), officially KuGompo City since February 2026, is a city on the southeastern coast of South Africa, in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape Province. The city lies on the Indian Ocean coast, largely between the Buffalo River and the Nahoon River, and hosts the country's only river port. As of 2011, East London had a population of over 267,000 with over 755,000 in the surrounding metropolitan area.
2022 Gujarat Titans season
The 2022 season was the first season in the Indian Premier League for the Gujarat Titans franchise. They were one of ten teams to compete in the 2022 Indian Premier League. The team was coached by Ashish Nehra and captained by Hardik Pandya.

2022 Indian Premier League
The 2022 Indian Premier League (also known as IPL 15 or for sponsorship reasons, TATA IPL 2022) was the fifteenth season of the Indian Premier League (IPL), a professional Twenty20 cricket league established by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2007. The tournament was played from 26 March 2022 to 29 May 2022. The group stage of the tournament was played entirely in the state of Maharashtra, with Mumbai, Navi Mumbai and Pune hosting matches.

The season saw the expansion of the league with the addition of two new franchises. Chennai Super Kings were the defending champions, having won their fourth title during the previous season.

In the final, Gujarat Titans beat Rajasthan Royals, by seven wickets to win their maiden title in their first season.
El maleficio (2023 TV series)
El maleficio (English: The Curse) is a Mexican telenovela produced by José Alberto Castro for TelevisaUnivision. It is based on the 1983 telenovela of the same name created by Fernanda Villeli. The series aired on Las Estrellas from 13 November 2023 to 3 March 2024. It stars Fernando Colunga and Marlene Favela.

Fernanda Villeli
María Ofelia Villenave Garza, known as Fernanda Villeli, (14 May 1921 – 1 February 2009) was a Mexican writer and activist, who was one of the major writers of telenovelas in Mexico. She wrote for series such as Aprendiendo a amar (1980), Extraños caminos del amor (1981), El maleficio (1983), La traición (1984) (with Carmen Daniels), Lo blanco y lo negro (1989), Al filo de la muerte (1991) (with Marcia Yance) and El diario de Daniela (1998/99) (with Marcela Fuentes Beráin) .
2015 Soul Train Music Awards
The 2015 Soul Train Music Awards was held at the Orleans Arena in Las Vegas, Nevada, on Centric and BET on November 29, 2015. Jill Scott was honored with Soul Train Awards' first ever Lady of Soul Award. The ceremony, hosted by Erykah Badu, honored artists in 12 different categories. American singer, songwriter and poet Jill Scott was honored with the Lady of Soul Award for her contributions to the music industry.

Classic Man
"Classic Man" is a song by Nigerian-American rapper Jidenna, released on February 3, 2015, as his commercial debut single by Epic Records. The song, which features vocals from fellow American singer Roman GianArthur, was included on Janelle Monáe's Wondaland Records collective EP, The Eephus, as the lead single. In December 2015, it was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Performance. The song was produced by Jidenna, alongside Nana Kwabena and Nate "Rocket" Wonder.
Fila Brasileiro
The Fila Brasileiro (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈfilɐ bɾaziˈlejɾu]) is a Brazilian breed of large working dog of mastiff type.

It is used as a guard dog, for cattle herding and for big-game hunting; it may also be kept as a companion dog or pet. In the eighteenth century, when slavery was still legal in Brazil, the Fila Brasileiro was used to return escaped slaves to their owners.

Working dog
A working dog is a dog used to perform practical tasks, as opposed to pet or companion dogs.

Definitions vary on what a working dog is, they are sometimes described as any dog trained for and employed in meaningful work; other times as any dog whose breed heritage or physical characteristics lend itself to working irrespective of an individual animal's training or employment; and other times again it is used as a synonym for herding dog.
Antanas Juknevičius
Antanas Juknevičius (born 13 June 1974) is a Lithuanian rally driver. He is one of the most experienced and successful professional Rally-raid drivers in Lithuania. Juknevicius is the only driver from the Baltic states to participate in every single stage of the FIA World Cup for Cross Country Rallies.

FIA World Cup for Cross-Country Rallies
The FIA World Cup for Cross-Country Rallies was a rally raid series organised by the FIA, culminating with a champion driver, co-driver, and team; with additional trophies awarded to T2 and T3 drivers & teams.
Aneriophora
Aneriophora is a little-known genus of hoverflies from South America. It contains only one species, Aneriophora aureorufa. The genus was originally named Eriophora by Rodolfo Amando Philippi (1865); this name was preoccupied by Eriophora Simon, 1864, so it was renamed to Aneriophora by Stuardo and Cortés (1952). This species is a specialist pollinator of Eucryphia cordifolia and Laurelia sempervirens.

Laurelia sempervirens
Laurelia sempervirens is a species of evergreen tree in the family Atherospermataceae (formerly Monimiaceae). Common names include Peruvian nutmeg, tihue or trihue (from the Mapuche language), and Chilean laurel or Chilean sassafras.

It is endemic to Chile, occurring at 34–41° south latitude. It requires a warm subtropical to tropical climate that is cool but also frost-free or with only very slight winter frosts not below −4 °C (25 °F), with high summer heat, rainfall and humidity. It grows best on well-drained, slightly acidic soils rich in organic matter. This is typical laurel forest habitat. However, the southern hemisphere genus Laurelia is not closely related to the laurels (Lauraceae), despite the similarity.

The tree is known as triwe in Huilliche and laurel in Spanish. It is the ritual tree of the Huilliche people of Futahuillimapu.
Roberts Bank
Roberts Bank is an undersea bank in the Strait of Georgia on the south side of the estuary of the Fraser River approximately 35 kilometres (22 mi) south of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Located between the South Arm of the Fraser River and Tsawwassen, it is significant as both a transport hub because of the Tsawwassen Ferry Terminal and port because of the Roberts Bank Superport, and as an area with important wetland habitat.  The term properly refers to the shallows offshore from the Superport and wetland.

Fraser River
The Fraser River (/ˈfreɪzər/) is the longest river within British Columbia, Canada, rising at Fraser Pass near Blackrock Mountain in the Rocky Mountains and flowing for 1,375 kilometres (854 mi), into the Strait of Georgia just south of the City of Vancouver. The river's annual discharge at its mouth is 112 cubic kilometres (27 mi3) or 3,550 cubic metres per second (125,000 cu ft/s), and each year, it discharges about 20 million tons of sediment into the ocean.
Haddy Njie
Haddy Jatou Njie (formerly N'jie; born 25 June 1979) is a Norwegian singer, songwriter, writer and journalist. Her father is Gambian and her mother is Norwegian. She grew up in Kolbotn near Oslo and is the eldest of five siblings. Her younger sister is illustrator and picture book writer Lisa Aisato.

Kolbotn
Kolbotn is an urban area in Norway's Nordre Follo municipality in Akershus county. Kolbotn is in the centre of the traditional district Oppegård. The population is about 6,000. Kolbotn has several elementary schools, four middle schools and a high school. The town is located at the end of Kolbotnelva, a river.

Buildings include Stabburet, the area's oldest building, from the 18th century.
Base calling
Base calling is the process of assigning nucleobases to chromatogram peaks, light intensity signals, or electrical current changes resulting from nucleotides passing through a nanopore. One computer program for accomplishing this job is Phred, which was a widely used base calling software program by both academic and commercial DNA sequencing laboratories because of its high base calling accuracy.

Currently basecalling is commonly handled by on-instrument software, such as the proprietary Real-Time Analysis (RTA) pipeline, which is highly integrated and updated with each platform release.

Base callers for Nanopore sequencing like Guppy or Dorado, use neural networks trained on current signals obtained from accurate sequencing data.

Nanopore sequencing
Nanopore sequencing is a third generation approach used in the sequencing of biopolymers — specifically, polynucleotides in the form of DNA or RNA.

Nanopore sequencing allows a single molecule of DNA or RNA  be sequenced without PCR amplification or chemical labeling. Nanopore sequencing has the potential to offer relatively low-cost genotyping, high mobility for testing, and rapid processing of samples, including the ability to display real-time results. It has been proposed for rapid identification of viral pathogens,  monitoring ebola, environmental monitoring, food safety monitoring, human genome sequencing, plant genome sequencing, monitoring of antibiotic resistance, haplotyping and other applications.
Rodney Afshari
Rodney Afshari (born 1972) is an American personal manager of musical artists.  Rodney grew up in Los Angeles, California.  He has managed musical acts such as Glassjaw, Rock Kills Kid, A Static Lullaby, Alien Ant Farm, Black Light Burns, Vex Red, Chase Pagan, Wild Throne, amongst others.  Rodney currently heads Music Management company Inner Circle Management based in Los Angeles.

Black Light Burns
Black Light Burns was an American industrial rock band fronted by Wes Borland. Founded in 2005 after Borland departed Limp Bizkit, the band's  lineup also includes Nick Annis, Dennis Sanders and Dylan Taylor. Their debut album, Cruel Melody, was released in June 2007 to critical acclaim. They released a covers and b-sides CD/DVD combo package in the summer of 2008 titled Cover Your Heart and the Anvil Pants Odyssey. After a temporary hiatus, the band regrouped in 2012 and released their second album, The Moment You Realize You're Going to Fall in August. The band released a concept album, Lotus Island, in January 2013.
Janice Cole
Janice McKenzie Cole is an American attorney who served as the United States Attorney for the Eastern District of North Carolina (1994–2001) under President Bill Clinton.

During her tenure as U.S. Attorney, she helped introduce five communities to the United States Department of Justice's Weed and Seed crime-prevention program. Cole has been honored as Woman of the Year by the East Carolina University Branch of the American Association of University Women and Tarheel of the Week by The News and Observer.

The News & Observer
The News & Observer is an American regional daily newspaper that serves the greater Triangle area based in Raleigh, North Carolina. The paper is the largest in circulation in the state (second is The Charlotte Observer). The paper has been awarded three Pulitzer Prizes, the most recent of which was in 1996 for a series on the health and environmental impact of North Carolina's booming hog industry. The paper was one of the first in the world to launch an online version of the publication, Nando.net in 1994.
Comparison of electoral systems
This article discusses the methods and results of comparing different electoral systems. There are two broad methods to compare voting systems:

Metrics of voter satisfaction, either through simulation or survey.

Adherence to logical criteria.

Barriers to entry
In theories of competition in economics, a barrier to entry, or an economic barrier to entry, is a fixed cost that must be incurred by a new entrant, regardless of production or sales activities, into a market that incumbents do not have or have not had to incur.
Because barriers to entry protect incumbent firms and restrict competition in a market, they can contribute to distortionary prices and are therefore most important when discussing antitrust policy. Barriers to entry often cause or aid the existence of monopolies and oligopolies, or give companies market power.
Barriers of entry also have an importance in industries. First of all it is important to identify that some exist naturally, such as brand loyalty.
Governments can also create barriers to entry to meet consumer protection laws, protecting the public. In other cases it can also be due to inherent scarcity of public resources needed to enter a market.
Bennington (Vermont Senate district)
43°03′N 73°06′W﻿ / ﻿43.05°N 73.10°W﻿ / 43.05; -73.10

The Bennington district is one of 16 districts of the Vermont Senate. The current district plan is included in the redistricting and reapportionment plan developed by the Vermont General Assembly following the 2020 U.S. census, which applies to legislatures elected in 2022, 2024, 2026, 2028, and 2030.

The Bennington district includes all of Bennington County and the unorganized town of Somerset and the town of Wilmington from Windham County.

Winhall, Vermont
Winhall is a town in Bennington County, Vermont, United States. The population was 1,182 at the 2020 census. In the southeastern corner of the town is the unincorporated village of Bondville. Half of the community of Stratton Mountain, part of Stratton Mountain Resort, is in the southern part of the town.
Petromax (2019 film)
Petromax is a 2019 Indian Tamil-language comedy horror film directed by Rohin Venkatesan. The film stars Tamannaah Bhatia, Prem, Yogi Babu, Munishkanth, Kaali Venkat, Sathyan and TSK. It is a remake of the Telugu film Anando Brahma (2017). The film was released on 11 October 2019.

Munishkanth
Ramdoss, better known as Munishkanth, is an Indian actor and comedian who appears in Tamil language films. His notable performances include Mundasupatti (2014), Maanagaram (2017), Maragadha Naanayam (2017) and Raatchasan (2018).
Chanpeng Nontasin
Chanpeng Nontasin (Thai: จันทร์เพ็ง นนทะสิน; born 9 October 1984) is a Thai road and track cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's Continental Team Thailand Women's Cycling Team. Nontasin specialises in the individual time trial and points race disciplines of the sport.

Nontasin represented Thailand at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where she competed in the women's road race. She completed the run in sixty-first place by twenty seconds ahead of Mauritius' Aurelie Halbwachs, with a time of 3:51:51.

UCI Women's Team
A UCI Women's Team is a women's road bicycle team sanctioned by the International Cycling Union (UCI). These teams compete in the major women's bicycle races, including the UCI Women's World Tour. The country designation of each team is determined by the country of registration of most of its riders and is not necessarily the country where the team is registered or based.