hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Komoro Castle
Komoro Castle (小諸城, Komoro-jō) is a Japanese castle located in the city of Komoro, central  Nagano Prefecture, Japan. At the end of the Edo period, Komoro Castle was home to a junior branch of the Makino clan, daimyō of Komoro Domain. It was also known as Ana-jō (穴城, castle which is located in a place that is lower than jôkamachi) or Hakatsuru-jō (白鶴城, White Crane Castle). Today, it is open to public as Kaikoen (懐古園).

Makino clan
The Makino clan (Japanese: 牧野氏, Hepburn: Makino-shi) are a daimyō branch of the samurai Minamoto clan in Edo period Japan.

In the Edo period, the Makino were identified as one of the fudai or insider daimyō clans which were hereditary vassals of the Tokugawa clan, in contrast with the tozama or outsider clans.
Sukhodilska–Skhidna coal mine
The Sukhodilska–Skhidna coal mine (Ukrainian: Шахта «Суходільська-Східна») is a large underground coal mine located in Southeast Ukraine in Luhansk Oblast. Sukhodilska–Skhidna coal mine represents one of the largest coal reserves in Ukraine, having estimated reserves of 157.4 million tonnes. The annual coal production is around 712,000 tonnes.

Bituminous coal is mined using longwall mining at depths between 785 and 1,028 m. The mine began operation in 1980.

Longwall mining
Longwall mining is a form of underground coal mining where a long single face of coal, known as a panel, is mined with a continuous cut across its entirety. Seams utilizing longwall panels are typically 4–20 ft (1.2–6.1 m) thick.The panel is typically 10,000–15,000 ft (3,000–4,600 m) long, but can be up to 20,000 ft (6,100 m) long and 1,000–1,500 ft (300–460 m) wide. The longwall method compares with shortwall, room-and-pillar, and several others.
Hausa mouse
The Hausa mouse (Mus haussa) is a species of rodent in the family Muridae.
It is found in Benin, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, and Senegal.
Its natural habitats are dry savanna, arable land, rural gardens, and urban areas.

Muridae
The Muridae, or murids, are either the largest or second-largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 870 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia.

The name Muridae comes from the Latin mus (genitive muris), meaning "mouse", since all true mice belong to the family, with the more typical mice belonging to the genus Mus.
Ângela Cardoso
Ângela Sónia Monteiro Cardoso (born 9 April 1979) is a former Angolan basketball player. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, she competed for the Angola women's national basketball team in the women's event. She is 5 ft 11 inches tall.

Basketball at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's basketball tournament at the 2012 Olympic Games in London began on 28 July and ended on 11 August. All preliminary and quarterfinal games were held at the Basketball Arena within the Olympic Park, and the semifinal and the medal games were held at the North Greenwich Arena (renamed from The O2 Arena due to the no commercialization policy).
Greystones United A.F.C.
Greystones United Association Football Club is an Irish football club located in Greystones, County Wicklow. It boasts one of the country's largest number of teams in total throughout all age groups. The club's teams compete in the Dublin District Schoolboys/girls League (DDSL), Wicklow District Football League (WDFL), and Leinster Senior League (LSL).

A successor entity to former football clubs Greystones A.F.C. and Greystones United, the club previously qualified for the FAI Cup in 2002, 2011 and 2017.

Wicklow & District Football League
The Wicklow & District Football League (WDFL) is an association football league featuring amateur and junior clubs from County Wicklow. The WDFL is a winter league running from September to May. Its top division, the Andy McEvoy Premier 1, is a seventh level division in the Republic of Ireland football league system.

The WDFL organise an Over 35s cup competition, known as the Harry Griffith Cup, with support from the Amateur Football League (AFL) as all participants are members of the AFL. The Wicklow Cup is a knockout competition contested by all teams across the WDFL's divisions.
Aberdeen Group plc
Aberdeen Group plc, trading as aberdeen, is a United Kingdom-based investment company headquartered in Edinburgh, Scotland. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index. The registered office of the company is at George Street, Edinburgh.

The company changed its trading identity from abrdn to aberdeen on 4 March 2025, and its name from abrdn plc to Aberdeen Group plc on 13 March 2025.

George Street, Edinburgh
George Street is the central thoroughfare of the First New Town of Edinburgh, planned in the 18th century by James Craig.

The street takes its name from King George III and connects St Andrew Square in the east with Charlotte Square in the west. It is located on the north side of the Old Town of Edinburgh, to the north of the Princes Street and to the south of Queen Street, running straight along the high point of a ridge.

George Street, as first proposed in 1767 and initially built, was a residential area. However in the Victorian period the houses were replaced by shops, showrooms, banks, small department stores and hotels. A number of the grander of these buildings were designed by the prominent Victorian architect David Bryce, who lived in the street.

George Street in the 21st century remains essentially a Victorian townscape, but the use of many of the commercial buildings has changed to restaurants, coffee shops and bars, with many high quality clothes shops.
Primary schools in Watford
This article provides brief details of primary schools in the borough of Watford in Hertfordshire, England, United Kingdom.
Some Watford children attend schools in the neighbouring boroughs of Three Rivers and Hertsmere.

All of the state-funded primary schools in Watford are co-educational.
There are two Roman Catholic schools in the borough, both of which are voluntary aided schools.
The remaining schools are all non-faith community schools.
The Local Education Authority is Hertfordshire County Council.

There are still some linked pairs of infant schools and junior schools, with the infant school covering Reception and Key Stage 1 (Years 1 and 2) and the junior school covering Key Stage 2 (Years 3 to 6).
However most have been amalgamated in a single Junior Mixed Infant (JMI) school or (equivalently) primary school.

Voluntary aided school
A voluntary aided school (VA school) is a state-funded school in England and Wales in which a foundation or trust (usually a religious organisation) contributes to building costs and has a substantial influence in the running of the school. In most cases the foundation or trust owns the buildings. 
Such schools have more autonomy than voluntary controlled schools, which are entirely funded by the state. In some circumstances local authorities can help the governing body in buying a site, or can provide a site or building free of charge.

Originally the term is derived from the funding of the schools through voluntary subscriptions and contributions. Although it is also the case that these are schools previously independent of local or national government that volunteered to be aided by the state.

Hong Kong's education system also has aided (Chinese: 資助) schools.
Francis Cadell (artist)
Francis Campbell Boileau Cadell RSA (12 April 1883 – 6 December 1937) was a Scottish Colourist painter, renowned for his depictions of the elegant New Town interiors of his native Edinburgh, and for his work on Iona.

From October 2011 to March 2012 the Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art held a major solo retrospective of Cadell's work, the first since that held at the National Gallery of Scotland in 1942.

New Town, Edinburgh
The New Town is a central area of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. It was built in stages between 1767 and around 1850, and retains much of its original neo-classical and Georgian architecture. Its best-known street is Princes Street, facing Edinburgh Castle and the Old Town across the geological depression of the former Nor Loch. The area's New Town Gardens received a heritage designation in 2001. The combined New Town, Old Town, and West End were designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995.
Op. 49
In music, Op. 49 stands for Opus number 49. Compositions that are assigned this number include:

Beethoven – Piano Sonatas Nos. 19 and 20

Brahms – Wiegenlied

Chopin – Fantaisie in F minor

Elgar – The Apostles

Klebe – Jacobowsky und der Oberst

Krenek – Der Diktator

Mendelssohn – Piano Trio No. 1

Milhaud – Little Symphony No. 2

Schumann – Romanzen & Balladen volume II (3 songs)

Scriabin – Prelude in F major, Op. 49, No. 2

Shostakovich – String Quartet No. 1

Sibelius  – Pohjola's Daughter (Pohjolan tytär), tone poem for orchestra (1906)

Tchaikovsky – 1812 Overture

1812 Overture
The Year 1812, Solemn Overture, Op. 49, popularly known as the 1812 Overture, is a concert overture in E♭ major written in 1880 by Russian composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. The piece commemorates Russia's successful defence against the French invasion of the nation in 1812.

The overture's first public performance, conducted by Ippolit Al'tani, took place in Moscow on 20 August [O.S. 8 August] 1882, under a tent, near the still unfinished Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, which also memorialised the 1812 defence of Russia.

The fifteen-minute overture is best known for its climactic volley of cannon fire, ringing chimes, and a brass fanfare finale. It has also become a common accompaniment to fireworks displays on the United States' Independence Day. The 1812 Overture went on to become one of Tchaikovsky's most popular works, along with his ballet scores to The Nutcracker, The Sleeping Beauty, and Swan Lake.
Vaghuhas
Vaghuhas (Armenian: Վաղուհաս) or Gozlu (Azerbaijani: Qozlu) is a village located in the Aghdara District of Azerbaijan, in the region of Nagorno-Karabakh. Until 2023 it was controlled by the breakaway Republic of Artsakh. The village had an ethnic Armenian-majority population until the expulsion of the Armenian population of Nagorno-Karabakh by Azerbaijan following the 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh.

Aghdara District
Aghdara District (Azerbaijani: Ağdərə rayonu) is one of the 67 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the west of the country in the Karabakh Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Goranboy, Tartar, Aghdam, Khojaly and Kalbajar. Its capital and largest city is Aghdara. As of 2024, the district had a nominal population of 12,100.

The district was officially abolished in 1992 and was only reestablished in 2023.
Han Tianyu
Han Tianyu (born 3 June 1996) is a Chinese short-track speed-skater. He won the silver medal in men's 1500 metres short track speed skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics, behind the Canadian skater Charles Hamelin, who won the gold medal. Han also won medals in the 5000 m relay event at the 2014 and 2018 Winter Olympics.

Short-track speed skating
Short-track speed skating is a form of competitive ice speed skating. In competitions, multiple skaters (typically between four and six) skate on an oval ice track with a length of 111.12 metres (364.57 ft). The rink itself is 60 metres (196.85 ft) long by 30 metres (98.43 ft) wide, which is the same size as an Olympic-sized figure skating rink and an international-sized ice hockey rink. Related sports include long-track speed skating and inline speed skating.
Charlie Jackson (baseball)
Charles Herbert "Lefty" Jackson (February 7, 1894 – May 27, 1968) was an outfielder in Major League Baseball. He played for the Chicago White Sox and Pittsburgh Pirates.

Jackson had been playing for the Bloomington Bloomers until his contract was sold to the Chicago White Sox in August 1915. He made his debut on August 20, 1915 as a pinch hitter for Lena Blackburne. He swung and missed at three pitches. He was returned to the Bloomers the following week after the White Sox acquired another outfielder named "Jackson": Shoeless Joe.

Jackson spent 1916 playing in Los Angeles and was slated to begin 1917 with the team too but was struck by malaria and sold to the Spokane team of the Northwestern League. Jackson was playing well in Spokane until the league disbanded and he was picked up by the Pittsburgh Pirates in August 1917. He so impressed manager Hugo Bezdek that he was assigned to the leadoff spot in the lineup and Lee King was forced to the bench.

Bloomington Bloomers
The Bloomington Bloomers were a minor League baseball franchise based in Bloomington, Illinois that played between 1889 and 1939. They were affiliates of the St. Louis Cardinals (1935), Cleveland Indians (1938) and  Chicago Cubs (1939). They played primarily in the Illinois-Iowa-Indiana League during their existence. Their home park was Fans Field. Baseball Hall of Fame Inductees Burleigh Grimes and Clark Griffith played for Bloomington.
Thermosiphon
A thermosiphon (or thermosyphon) is a device that employs a method of passive heat exchange based on natural convection, which circulates a fluid without the necessity of a mechanical pump. Thermosiphoning is used for circulation of liquids and volatile gases in heating and cooling applications such as heat pumps, water heaters, boilers and furnaces. Thermosiphoning also occurs across air temperature gradients such as those occurring in a wood-fire chimney or solar chimney.

This circulation can either be open-loop, as when the substance in a holding tank is passed in one direction via a heated transfer tube mounted at the bottom of the tank to a distribution point — even one mounted above the originating tank — or it can be a vertical closed-loop circuit with return to the original container. Its purpose is to simplify the transfer of liquid or gas while avoiding the cost and complexity of a conventional pump.

Fluid
In physics, a fluid is a liquid, gas, or other material that may continuously move and deform (flow) under an applied shear stress, or external force. They have zero shear modulus, or, in simpler terms, are substances which cannot resist any shear force applied to them.
23rd AVN Awards
The 23rd AVN Awards ceremony, presented by Adult Video News (AVN), honored the best pornographic films of 2005 and took place January 7, 2006 at the Venetian Hotel Grand Ballroom, at Paradise, Nevada, U.S.A. During the ceremony, AVN presented AVN Awards (commonly referred to as Oscars of porn) in 104 categories honoring films released between October 1, 2004, and September 30, 2005. The ceremony, televised in the United States by Playboy TV, was produced and directed by Gary Miller. Comedian Greg Fitzsimmons hosted the show with adult film star Jesse Jane.

The Devil in Miss Jones, a remake of the 1973 classic of the same name, won nine awards including Best Film, but the big winner of the evening was Pirates with 11 awards including Best Video Feature. Other multiple award winners included Camp Cuddly Pines Powertool Massacre and Dark Side with five apiece and Squealer with three. The telecast was subsequently issued on DVD by Spice Studios.

Camp Cuddly Pines Powertool Massacre
Camp Cuddly Pines Powertool Massacre is a 2005 pornographic slasher comedy film released by Wicked Pictures. The film, originally released on September 14, 2005, is the first adult film to be released on the HD DVD format.
Papa Westray
Papa Westray (/ˌpæpə ˈwɛstri/ PAP-ə WEST-ree; Scots: Papa Westree), also known as Papay, is one of the Orkney Islands in Scotland, United Kingdom.  The fertile soil has long been a draw to the island.

Attractions on the island include Holland House with an associated folk museum and the Knap of Howar Neolithic farmstead run by Historic Scotland.

It is the ninth largest of the Orkney Islands with an area of 918 hectares (2,270 acres). The island's population was 95 as recorded by the 2022 census, an increase of over 45% since 2001 when there were only 65 usual residents.

Kirkwall
Kirkwall (Scots: Kirkwa, Kirkwaa, or Kirkwal; Norn: Kirkavå; Scottish Gaelic: Bàgh na h-Eaglaise) is the largest town in Orkney, an archipelago to the north of mainland Scotland. First mentioned in the Orkneyinga saga, it is today the location of the headquarters of the Orkney Islands Council and a transport hub with ferries to many locations. It is the centre of the St Magnus International Festival and is also a popular stopping off point for cruise ships. St Magnus Cathedral stands at the heart of the town.
Gord Paterson
Gordon A. "Gord" Paterson (born September 7, 1950 in Winnipeg, Manitoba) is a former slotback who played eight seasons in the Canadian Football League for the Winnipeg Blue Bombers and the Hamilton Tiger-Cats. He won the Dr. Beattie Martin Trophy in 1977 for the most outstanding Canadian player in the western division.

Paterson was also a curler, representing Manitoba at the 1983 Labatt Brier.

1983 Labatt Brier
The 1983 Labatt Brier, Canada's national men's curling championship, was held from March 6 to 13 at the Sudbury Arena in Sudbury, Ontario.

The "Dream Team" of Ed Werenich, Paul Savage, John Kawaja and Neil Harrison representing Ontario won the event, defeating Ed Lukowich's Alberta rink (skipped by Mike Chernoff) in the final.

The 1983 Brier was the first to use wireless microphones on the players, so that CBC viewers at home could listen to the player's strategies. This meant for some amusing remarks made by some of the more colourful curlers being heard across the country. The semi-final between Ontario and British Columbia's Bernie Sparkes rink is regarded as being one of the greatest curling games in Brier history, as Werenich had to make numerous double- and triple-takeouts in the game.
Robert Ford (outlaw)
Robert Newton Ford (December 8, 1861 – June 8, 1892) was an American outlaw who killed fellow outlaw Jesse James on April 3, 1882. He and his brother Charley, both members of the James–Younger Gang under James's leadership, went on to perform paid re-enactments of the killing at publicity events. Ford went on to operate various saloons and dance halls in the West, before being killed – at age 30 – by Edward Capehart O'Kelley in Creede, Colorado.

Ron Hansen (novelist)
Ron Hansen (born December 8, 1947) is an American novelist, essayist, and professor. He is known for writing literary westerns exploring the people and history of the American heartland, notably The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford (1983), which was adapted into an acclaimed film.
Entry of the Theotokos into the Temple Church, Focșani
The Entry of the Theotokos into the Temple Church (Romanian: Biserica Intrarea Maicii Domnului în Biserică) is a Romanian Orthodox church located at 11 Ovidenia Street in Focșani, Romania. It is dedicated to the Entry of the Theotokos into the Temple (popularly called Ovidenia).

The church dates to the second half of the 17th century. It is mentioned in a 1687 document, whereby an individual made a donation to what was then a monastery. It appears on an Austrian map of 1789 as “Ovideni Monastery”.

The facades are simple, without ornamentation. The tall octagonal spire rises from the narthex. It has a square base and a bulb-shaped roof. The church is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs, which supplies a completion date of 1687.

Ministry of Culture (Romania)
The Ministry of Culture of Romania (Romanian: Ministerul Culturii) is one of the ministries of the Government of Romania. The current position holder is András István Demeter from the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ).

The Romanian National Institute of Historical Monuments, part of this ministry, maintains the list of historical monuments in Romania. The list, created in 2004–2005, contains historical monuments entered in the National Cultural Heritage of Romania.
Breggia (river)
Breggia is a Swiss-Italian river. The springs are around the Monte Generoso and Monte d'Orimento in the Val d'Intelvi at an elevation of 1,389 metres (4,557 ft). It enters Swiss territory between Erbonne and Scudellate, and flows along the Muggio Valley until Chiasso/Vacallo, where it again enters Italian territory, in Maslianico. Breggia then drains into Lake Como, near Villa Erba between Como and Cernobbio at an elevation of 198 metres (650 ft).

Chiasso
Chiasso (Italian pronunciation: [ˈkjasso]; Lombard: Ciass [ˈtʃas]) is a municipality in the district of Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

As the southernmost of Switzerland's municipalities, Chiasso is on the border with Italy, in front of Ponte Chiasso (a frazione of Como, Italy). The municipality of Chiasso includes the villages of Boffalora, Pedrinate and Seseglio.

In 2007, the three mayors of Chiasso, Vacallo and Morbio Inferiore decided to unite into one commune. The new united commune with a population of ~15,300 people over a territory of 9.2 km2 (3.6 sq mi), was rejected by the population in November 2007.
Richard Saltonstall (Massachusetts judge)
Richard Saltonstall (June 21, 1703 – October 20, 1756) was a justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1736 until his death in 1756. He was appointed by Governor Jonathan Belcher.

Born in Haverhill, Massachusetts, to Richard and Mehitable (Wainwright) Saltonstall, Richard Saltonstall, graduated from Harvard College in 1722. He was a member of the Council from 1743 to 1745, and was appointed Associate Justice in 1736.

On January 6, 1726, Saltonstall married Abigail Waldron, who died in 1736. On  He February 9, 1738, he married Mary Jekyll, who died in 1742. On July 3, 1744, he married Mary Cooke, with whom he had one son, Nathaniel Saltonstall. Mary Cooke died in 1804, at the age of 81.

Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court
42°21′33″N 71°03′39″W﻿ / ﻿42.359297°N 71.060954°W﻿ / 42.359297; -71.060954

The Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court (SJC) is the highest court in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Although the claim is disputed by the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, the SJC claims the distinction of being the oldest continuously functioning appellate court in the Americas, with a recognized history dating to the establishment of the Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature in 1692 under the charter of the Province of Massachusetts Bay.

Although it was historically composed of four associate justices and one chief justice, the court is currently composed of six associate justices and one chief justice. Like the State of Maine, Massachusetts prefixes the name of its highest court with 'Judicial' to avoid confusion with the Massachusetts General Court, the state's legislature.
Donald DeFronzo
Donald J. DeFronzo is an American politician. He was a Democratic state senator from Connecticut from 2003 until 2011 when he was appointed Department of Administrative Services commissioner by Governor Dan Malloy.

A resident of New Britain, DeFronzo represented Berlin, Farmington, and New Britain in the Connecticut Senate. Prior to being elected to the Senate, he served as mayor of New Britain from 1989 to 1993.

He holds degrees from Fairfield University and the University of Connecticut. He served as Governor William A. O'Neill Endowed Chair in Public Policy and Practical Politics at Central Connecticut State University.

On August 24, 2017, Governor Dan Malloy named DeFronzo chair of the Connecticut Lottery. He retired from the Connecticut Lottery on November 15, 2019.

His son, David DeFronzo, is currently the State Representative for the Connecticut's 26th House of Representatives district.

William A. O'Neill
William Atchison O'Neill (August 11, 1930 – November 24, 2007) was an American politician and member of the Democratic Party who served as the 84th Governor of Connecticut from 1980 to 1991. He was the second longest-serving governor in Connecticut history, with 10 years in office.