hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lami language
Lami (autonym: la21 mi55 in Honghe County, meaning 'low status'; Chinese: 腊米) is a Loloish language of Yunnan, China. Lami is spoken in Jiangcheng Hani and Yi Autonomous County, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County, Jinping Miao, Yao, and Dai Autonomous County, and Honghe County. Lami is also spoken in Hade 哈德, Sanmeng Township 三猛乡, Lüchun County.

The Lami language has been documented by Zhang (1998) and Wang (2011).

Honghe County
Honghe County (simplified Chinese: 红河县; traditional Chinese: 紅河縣; pinyin: Hónghé Xiàn) is located in Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan province, China. It borders Yuanyang County, Yunnan and Jianshui County to the east, Lüchun County to the south, Mojiang County to the west, Yuanjiang County to the northwest, and Shiping County to the north.
Andrew Stroukoff
Andrew George "Andy" Stroukoff (born April 27, 1950) is an American former competitive ice dancer. With partner Susan Kelley, he represented the United States at the 1976 Winter Olympics, where they placed 17th. They represented the Skating Club of Boston

Following his retirement from skating, he became a coach. Among his current and former students are Cathy Reed & Chris Reed and Maia Shibutani & Alex Shibutani.  He currently teaches figure skating as well as conditioning and training for power skating and hockey skating at the William G. Mennen Sports Arena in Morris Township, New Jersey.

Chris Reed (figure skater)
Chris Reed (July 7, 1989 – March 14, 2020) was an American-born Japanese ice dancer. With his sister Cathy Reed, he became a seven-time Japanese national champion (2008–2011, 2013–2015) and the 2011 Asian Winter Games silver medalist. They competed at two Winter Olympics (2010, 2014) and reached the final segment at nine ISU Championships.

With Kana Muramoto, Reed was the 2018 Four Continents bronze medalist, the 2017 Asian Winter Games silver medalist and a three-time Japanese national champion (2016–2018). They competed in the final segment at five ISU Championships and the 2018 Winter Olympics.
Claude Hettier de Boislambert
Claude Hettier de Boislambert (26 July 1906 - 22 February 1986) came to prominence during the German occupation of France in the 1940s as a Resistance leader, appointed by the Général a Companion of the Liberation in 1943.   After the war, with Germany under military occupation, he served between 1946 and 1951 as governor of the region that during his period in office was reconfigured as Rheinland-Pfalz.   Subsequently, he became a Gaullist member of parliament ("l'Assemblée Nationale").   From 1960 his contribution to public life was made, principally, as a member of the diplomatic service, notably in Africa.

Allied Military Government of Occupied Territories
The Allied Military Government of Occupied Territories (originally abbreviated AMGOT, later AMG) was the form of military rule administered by Allied forces during and after World War II within former Axis-held territories they occupied. The first instance of this inter-Allied model of government of occupied territory was manifested in Sicily after Operation Husky in August 1943.
Medieval parish churches of York
53°57′29″N 1°04′55″W﻿ / ﻿53.958°N 1.082°W﻿ / 53.958; -1.082
York had around 45 parish churches in 1300. Twenty survive, in whole or in part, a number surpassed in England only by Norwich, and 12 are used for worship. This article consists of a list of medieval churches which still exist in whole or in part, and a list of medieval churches which are known to have existed in the past but have been completely demolished.

In 1086, the Domesday Book listed eight churches and a minster (not the current building). The number had declined to thirty-nine by 1428 due to taxation; nineteen medieval churches are in use today.

York city walls
York has, since Roman times, been defended by walls of one form or another. To this day, substantial portions of the walls remain, and York has more miles of intact wall than any other city in England. They are known variously as York City Walls, the Bar Walls and the Roman walls (though this last is a misnomer as very little of the extant stonework is of Roman origin, and the course of the wall has been substantially altered since Roman times). The walls are generally 13 feet (4 m) high and 6 feet (1.8 m) wide. They are the longest town walls in England.
Jingji Villa
Jingji Villa (Chinese: 静寄山庄), also known as the Panshan Palace (盘山行宫), is located in Lianhe Village, Guanzhuang Town, Jixian District, Tianjin, at the southeastern foot of Mount Pan. It was the second-largest royal palace outside Beijing during the Qing dynasty, following the Chengde Mountain Resort.

Jiaqing Emperor
The Jiaqing Emperor (13 November 1760 – 2 September 1820), also known by his temple name Emperor Renzong of Qing, personal name Yongyan, was the sixth emperor of the Qing dynasty and the fifth Qing emperor to rule over China proper. He was the 15th son of the Qianlong Emperor. During his reign, he prosecuted Heshen, the corrupt favorite of his father and attempted to restore order within the empire while curbing the smuggling of opium into China. Assessments of his reign are mixed, either seen as the "beginning of the end" of the Qing dynasty, or as a period of moderate reform that presaged the intellectual movements of the 1860s.
Shawn Clark
Shawn Clark (August 16, 1975 – September 21, 2025) was an American college football coach who served as the head football coach at Appalachian State University from 2019 to 2024. In 2025, he was the offensive line coach at the University of Central Florida.

Beau Nunn
Beau Nunn (born June 12, 1995) is an American former football guard. He played college football for Appalachian State, where he started 41 of 43 games in his collegiate career and was First-team All Sun Belt Conference his senior season.
*H₂n̥gʷʰis
*H₂n̥gʷʰis is a reconstructed Proto-Indo-European term meaning 'serpent', as well as a possible name for a mythological entity, polycephalous sea serpent or dragon which was slain by a hero named Trito with the help of the god Perkʷunos.

Azhdaha
The azhdaha, azhdahak, ezhdeha (Persian: اژدها) or azhdar (اژدر) is a mythical creature in Iranian mythology, roughly equivalent to the dragon. In Persian literature, they are depicted as gigantic, winged serpents that live in the air, in the sea, or on the earth. According to tradition, azhdaha have huge bodies, fierce faces, bright eyes, and wide mouths with many teeth. The azhdaha are principally discussed in Sad dar-e nathr and sad dar-e Bondahesh, Shahnameh and Garshaspnameh.
Waldemar Pawlak
Waldemar Pawlak [valˈdɛmar ˈpavlak] ⓘ (born 5 September 1959) is a Polish politician. He has twice served as Prime Minister of Poland, briefly in 1992 and again from 1993 to 1995. From November 2007 to November 2012 he served as Deputy Prime Minister and the Minister of Economy. Pawlak remains Poland's youngest prime minister to date.

He is also a long-time commander of the Polish Volunteer fire department, holding the rank of Brigadier General. Since 2015 Pawlak is workstream leader for the AMU (Agency for the Modernisation of Ukraine), where he contributes his expertise in economy.

Democratic Left Alliance (Poland)
The Democratic Left Alliance (Polish: Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej) was a social-democratic political party in Poland. It was formed on 9 July 1991 as an electoral alliance of centre-left parties, and became a single party on 15 April 1999. It was the major coalition party in Poland between 1993 and 1997, and between 2001 and 2005, with four Prime ministers coming from the party: Józef Oleksy, Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz, Leszek Miller and Marek Belka. It then faded into opposition, overshadowed by the rise of Civic Platform and Law and Justice.

In February 2020, the party initiated a process to merge with the Spring party, choosing the name New Left (Polish: Nowa Lewica), and changing to a more modern logo.

The party was a member of the Party of European Socialists and Progressive Alliance.
Puna Geothermal Venture
The Puna Geothermal Venture (PGV) is a geothermal energy power plant on the island of Hawaii, the largest island in the state of Hawaii. PGV is the first and only commercial geothermal power plant in Hawaii. Constructed on a site adjacent to failed experimental wells drilled and operated by the Hawaii Geothermal Project in the 1970s and 80s, construction on the generating facility began in 1989 and was completed in 1993.

The plant was shut down shortly after the start of the May 2018 lower Puna eruption, and resumed power generation in November 2020.

The plant had a generating capacity of 25 MW when it opened in 1993, increasing to 38 MW by 2012, from six production wells and five injection wells along Kīlauea’s East rift zone. Its output is sold to Hawaiian Electric Industries (also known as HELCO).  The plant generated up to 25% of the island’s electrical energy in 2016. A project is underway to increase the generating capacity to a maximum of 46 MW.

Binary cycle
A binary cycle is a method for generating electrical power from geothermal resources and employs two separate fluid cycles, hence binary cycle. The primary cycle extracts the geothermal energy from the reservoir, and secondary cycle converts the heat into work to drive the generator and generate electricity.

Binary cycles permit electricity generation even from low temperature geothermal resources (<180 °C) that would otherwise produce insufficient quantities of steam to make flash power plants economically viable. However, due to the lower temperatures binary cycles have low overall efficiencies of about 10–13%.
Bouclier de Brennus
The Bouclier de Brennus (French pronunciation: [buklie də bʁenys]), or Brennus Shield in English, is a trophy awarded annually to the French rugby union club that wins the domestic league.

The shield was not named, as it is often believed, after the famous Gallic warrior Brennus but rather artist Charles Brennus, co-founder of the Union des sociétés françaises de sports athlétiques (USFSA), the original governing body of rugby union in France. Charles Brennus sculpted the shield himself in 1892, based on an original design from his friend and fellow USFSA co-founder Pierre de Coubertin, the man who founded the modern Olympic Games.

Standing 1 metre (3.3 ft) high, 75 centimetres (2.46 ft) wide and weighing around 20 kilograms (44 lb), the trophy consists of a brass shield and plaque both fixed on a wooden support made of ash. An integral part of French sporting folklore, the Brennus Shield is one of the most recognisable trophies in France.

Stade Bordelais
Stade Bordelais are a French rugby union club, based in Bordeaux. The club was established in 1889. Bordelais were a major force in the French championship during the 1900s. Until 2005–06, the senior team competed in the second level of domestic competition, the Pro D2, but was merged with the senior team of CA Bordeaux-Bègles Gironde into Union Stade Bordelais-CA Bègles Bordeaux Gironde, which changed in 2008 to Union Bordeaux Bègles. The club only keeps youth teams and a women's team that won the First Division championship in 2023.

The club currently plays at Stade Sainte Germaine, which holds 5,000.
1969 Cork Intermediate Football Championship
The 1969 Cork Intermediate Football Championship was the 34th staging of the Cork Intermediate Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1909. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 26 January 1969. The championship began on 20 April 1969 and ended on 13 November 1969.

The final was played on 13 November 1969 at Cloughduv GAA Grounds, between St Michael's and Dohenys, in what was their first ever final meeting. St. Michael's won the match by 5-08 to 1-03 to claim their first ever championship title.

1909 Cork Intermediate Football Championship
The 1909 Cork Intermediate Football Championship was the inaugural staging of the Cork Intermediate Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board.

The final was played on 5 December 1909 at the Athletic Grounds in Cork, between Cobh and C.Y.M.S., in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Cobh won the match by 5–13 to 0–04 to claim their first ever championship title.
R v Health Commission of Victoria; ex parte McDonald
R v Health Commission of Victoria; ex parte McDonald was a 1979 habeas corpus case heard in the Supreme Court of Victoria, Australia, in which the court ordered the release of Anne McDonald, a woman with severe cerebral palsy and intellectual disability, from St Nicholas Hospital, a government institution in Carlton, Melbourne. The case was initiated on McDonald's behalf by Rosemary Crossley, who claimed to communicate with McDonald through a technique later known as facilitated communication (FC), which has since been scientifically discredited. The court accepted the validity of McDonald's FC-produced communication over objections from a senior clinical psychologist who argued the testing conditions were not experimentally controlled.

The case is considered a landmark in both Australian deinstitutionalization and the history of facilitated communication. It provided early legal legitimacy for FC, which was later contested through different means.

Annie's Coming Out
Annie's Coming Out (also known as A Test of Love) is a 1984 Australian drama film directed by Gil Brealey. It is based on the 1980 book Annie's Coming Out which was written by Rosemary Crossley, supposedly with the assistance of Anne McDonald. The book tells the story of McDonald's early life in a government institution for people with severe disabilities and her subsequent release, as well as her therapist's attempts to communicate with her through the discredited method of facilitated communication.
Macchia d'Isernia
Macchia d'Isernia is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Isernia in the Italian region Molise, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) west of Campobasso and about 7 kilometres (4 mi) southwest of Isernia.

Macchia d'Isernia borders the following municipalities: Colli a Volturno, Fornelli, Isernia, Monteroduni, Sant'Agapito.

Campobasso
Campobasso (UK: /ˌkæmpoʊˈbæsoʊ/, Italian: [ˌkampoˈbasso] ⓘ; Campobassan: Cambuàsce [ˌkambuˈwaʃʃə]) is a city and comune in southern Italy, the capital of the region of Molise and of the province of Campobasso. It is located in the high basin of the Biferno river, surrounded by the Sannio and Matese mountains.

Campobasso is renowned for the craftsmanship of blades (including scissors and knives), a fact well documented since the 14th century. It is also famous for the production of pears and scamorza (cheese). The city is home to the University of Molise and the Archdiocese of Campobasso-Boiano.
Pekel, Trebnje
Pekel (pronounced [pəˈkəu̯]) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Trebnje in eastern Slovenia. It lies just north of Trebnje itself on the road to Račje Selo. The municipality is included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. The entire area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola.

Račje Selo
Račje Selo (pronounced [ˈɾaːtʃjɛ ˈsɛːlɔ]; Slovene: Račje selo, German: Rappelgeschieß) is a village north of Trebnje in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
High entropy oxide
High-entropy oxides (HEOs) are complex oxides that contain five or more principal metal cations and have a single-phase crystal structure. The first HEO, (MgNiCuCoZn)0.2O in a rock salt structure, was reported in 2015 by Rost et al. HEOs have been successfully synthesized in many structures, including fluorites, perovskites, and spinels. HEOs are currently being investigated for applications as functional materials.

Oxide
An oxide (/ˈɒksaɪd/) is a chemical compound containing at least one oxygen atom and one other element in its chemical formula. "Oxide" itself is the dianion (anion bearing a net charge of −2) of oxygen, an O2− ion with oxygen in the oxidation state of −2. Most of the Earth's crust consists of oxides. Even materials considered pure elements often develop an oxide coating. For example, aluminium foil develops a thin skin of Al2O3 (called a passivation layer) that protects the foil from further oxidation.
Case Western Reserve University Department of Biomedical Engineering
The Case Western Reserve University Department of Biomedical Engineering launched in 1968 as one of the first biomedical engineering programs in the world. Formally incorporated in both the School of Engineering and School of Medicine, the department provides full research and education programs and is consistently top-ranked for graduate and undergraduate studies, according to U.S. News & World Report.

Case School of Engineering
The Case School of Engineering is the engineering school of Case Western Reserve University, a private research university in Cleveland, Ohio. It traces its roots to the 1880 founding of the Case School of Applied Science. The school was endowed by Leonard Case, Jr. in 1877 and became the Case Institute of Technology in 1947 until merging with Western Reserve University in 1967. It was officially named the Case School of Engineering in 1992.
Teucer
In Greek mythology, Teucer (/ˈtjuːsər/; Ancient Greek: Τεῦκρος, romanized: Teûkros, also Teucrus, Teucros or Teucris), was the son of King Telamon of Salamis Island and his second wife Hesione, daughter of King Laomedon of Troy. He fought alongside his half-brother, Ajax, in the Trojan War and is the legendary founder of the city of Salamis on Cyprus. Through his mother, Teucer was the nephew of King Priam of Troy and the cousin of Hector and Paris—all of whom he fought against in the Trojan War.

Paris (mythology)
Paris (Ancient Greek: Πάρις, romanized: Páris), also known as Alexander (Ancient Greek: Ἀλέξανδρος, romanized: Aléxandros), is a mythological figure in the story of the Trojan War. He appears in numerous Greek legends and works of Ancient Greek literature such as the Iliad. In myth, he is prince of Troy, son of King Priam and Queen Hecuba, and younger brother of Prince Hector. His elopement with Helen sparks the Trojan War, during which he 
fatally wounds Achilles.
Bernice Gordon
Bernice Gordon (January 11, 1914 – January 29, 2015) was an American constructor of crosswords. She created puzzles for many publications after beginning her career in the early 1950s, and holds the record as the oldest contributor to The New York Times crossword puzzle. A 1965 Times puzzle she wrote is credited as the first rebus puzzle, fitting an exclamation point into a single square. She celebrated her 100th birthday in 2014, just a few weeks after the 100th anniversary of the crossword. Her last puzzle was published in the Los Angeles Times on December 2, 2014.

Margaret Farrar
Margaret Petherbridge Farrar (March 23, 1897 – June 11, 1984) was an American journalist and the first crossword puzzle editor for The New York Times (1942–1968). Creator of many of the rules of modern crossword design, she compiled and edited a long-running series of crossword puzzle books – including the first book of any kind that Simon & Schuster published (1924). She was described by the Los Angeles Times as "the grand dame of the American crossword puzzle."
Matthew Ferchi
Matija Ferkić or Matija Frkić (Italian: Matteo Ferchi, English: Matthew Ferchi (Ferkich); 1583 – 1669) was a Croatian Franciscan Conventual scholastic philosopher from Krk.

He was from the island of Krk (Italian: Veglia). He was a Scotist, and wrote a Vita et apologia Scoti, a life of Duns Scotus. He taught at the University of Padua for 35 years, from 1629.

He published the works of Philip Faber.

Scotism
Scotism is the philosophical school and theological system named after John Duns Scotus, a 13th-century Scottish philosopher-theologian. The word comes from the name of its originator, whose Opus Oxoniense was one of the most important documents in medieval philosophy and Roman Catholic theology, defining what would later be declared the dogma of the Immaculate Conception by Pope Pius IX in his constitution Ineffabilis Deus on 8 December 1854.
Kwiatkowice, Łódź Voivodeship
Kwiatkowice ([kfjatkɔˈvit͡sɛ]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wodzierady, within Łask County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) north-west of Wodzierady, 17 km (11 mi) north of Łask, and 25 km (16 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wodzierady
Wodzierady [vɔd͡ʑɛˈradɨ] is a village in Łask County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Wodzierady. It lies approximately 15 km (9 mi) north of Łask and 24 km (15 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.
Tieling
42°13′25″N 123°43′34″E﻿ / ﻿42.2237°N 123.7260°E﻿ / 42.2237; 123.7260

Tieling (Chinese: 铁岭; pinyin: Tiělǐng) is one of 14 prefecture-level cities in Liaoning province of the People's Republic of China. Tieling is a city where coal mining is an important industry.

Lotus Lake Wetland Park
Lotus Lake Wetland Park (Chinese: 莲花湖湿地公园; pinyin: Liánhuāhú Shīdìgōngyuán) is a park located in Fanhe Town, Tieling, Liaoning, China. The wetland park mainly includes Deshengtai Reservoir, Wujiao Lake, Dalianhuapao and Sino-North Korean Friendship Reservoir.  It is a complex wetland mainly composed of artificial ponds, rice paddies, rivers and small, shallow lakes, with a total area of 4,226 hectares.

On April 26, 2007, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration officially approved the pilot project of Lotus Lake National Wetland Park in Tieling.  The Lotus Lake was historically part of the Northeast Wetland, a type of swamp wetland, with a total drainage area of 200 square kilometers.
Money market in India
The Money market in India is a component of financial markets in India for short-term funds with maturity ranging from overnight to one year including financial instruments that are deemed to be close substitutes of money. Similar to developed economies the Indian money market is diversified and has evolved through many stages, from the conventional platform of treasury bills and call money to commercial paper, certificates of deposit, repos, forward rate agreements and most recently interest rate swaps

The Indian money market consists of diverse sub-markets, each dealing in a particular type of short-term credit. The money market fulfills the borrowing and investment requirements of providers and users of short-term funds, and balances the demand for and supply of short-term funds by providing an equilibrium mechanism. It also serves as a focal point for the central bank's intervention in the market.

Finance in India
A prevailing trend from the medieval period, most Indians invest more than half of personal savings physical assets such as land, houses, gold, livestock, and other precious metals and ornaments. Since liberalisation in the 1990s, the Government of India has approved significant banking reforms. While some of these relate to nationalised banks (like encouraging mergers, reducing government interference and increasing profitability and competitiveness), other reforms have opened up the banking and insurance sectors to private and foreign players.