hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nuker Team
The Nuker Team was formed to use the Hubble Space Telescope, with its high-resolution imaging and spectroscopy, to investigate the central structure and dynamics of galaxies.  The team used the HST to examine supermassive black holes and determined the relationship between a galaxy's central black hole's mass and velocity dispersion.  The team continues to conduct research and publish papers on the supermassive black holes of galaxies and clusters. The group was initially formed by Tod R. Lauer, then a first year postdoc. At the first meeting of the group held at Princeton University in June 1985, Sandra Faber was elected the group leader.

Supermassive black hole
A supermassive black hole (SMBH or sometimes SBH) is the largest type of black hole, with its mass being on the order of hundreds of thousands, or millions to billions, of times the mass of the Sun (M☉). Black holes are a class of astronomical objects that have undergone gravitational collapse, leaving behind spheroidal regions of space that nothing, not even light, can escape. Observational evidence indicates that almost every large galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center. For example, the Milky Way galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center, corresponding to the radio source Sagittarius A*. Accretion of interstellar gas onto supermassive black holes is the process responsible for powering active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and quasars.

Two supermassive black holes have been directly imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope; these are Sagittarius A, at the center of the Milky Way, and the black hole at the center of Messier 87, a giant elliptical galaxy.
Robin Camp
Robin Camp (born August 18, 1952) is a former Federal Court of Canada judge. Camp was the subject of a high-profile removal hearing before the Canadian Judicial Council for his role in a 2014 sexual assault trial that he presided over. The judicial committee recommended that he be removed from the bench. In 2018 Camp was reinstated into the Law Society of Alberta.

Law Society of Alberta
The Law Society of Alberta (LSA) is the self-regulating body for lawyers in Alberta, Canada, established in 1907 which derives its authority from the Legal Profession Act of the Government of Alberta.

Its main office is located in Calgary. As of 2023, there were 11,000 legal practitioners in Alberta regulated by the LSA.

The mandate, composition and role of the board that governs the LSA—The Benchers—was established under the Legal Professions Act. There are 24 Benchers elected by their peers.
Under Military Law (TV series)
Under Military Law (Russian: По законам военного времени, romanized: Po zakonam voennogo vremeni,Ukrainian: За законами воєнного часу) is a Russian - Ukrainian military - historical detective television series directed by Maxim Mekheda, Yevgeny Serov and Sergey Vinogradov, produced by the Star Media film company.

The premiere of the TV series in Ukraine took place on May 9, 2016, and in Russia on May 4, 2017. On Russian television, the series is broadcast on Channel One.

As of May 6, 2022, a total of five seasons of the television series have been released in Russia, including forty-four episodes.

Procurator General of the Soviet Union
The Procurator General of the USSR (Russian: Генеральный прокурор СССР, romanized: Generalnyi prokuror SSSR) was the highest functionary of the Office of the Public Procurator of the USSR, responsible for the whole system of offices of public procurators and supervision of their activities on the territory of the Soviet Union.
The Problemist
The Problemist is a bimonthly chess problem magazine which has been in publication since January 1926. It originally had the subtitle "Proceedings of the British Chess Problem Society" but the words "Proceedings of" were dropped in January 1985.

Chess problem
A chess problem, also called a chess composition, is a puzzle created by the composer using chess pieces on a chessboard, which presents the solver with a particular task. For instance, a position may be given with the instruction that White is to move first, and checkmate Black in two moves against any possible defence. A chess problem fundamentally differs from over-the-board play in that the latter involves a struggle between Black and White, whereas the former involves a competition between the composer and the solver. Most positions which occur in a chess problem are unrealistic in the sense that they are very unlikely to occur in over-the-board play. There is a substantial amount of specialized jargon used in connection with chess problems.
Mohammad Kanjo Hassan
Mohammed Kanjo Hassan (Arabic: محمد كنجو الحسن; born c. 1957) is a Syrian former major general who served as head of Syria's military field court and chief of military justice across Syria.

Kanjo Hassan would sentence people to Sednaya Prison, earning him the nickname "the Butcher of Sednaya". On 26 December 2024, Kanjo Hassan was arrested by the Military Operations Command after a gunfight between Syrian security forces and Kanjo Hassan loyalists.

Syrian Observatory for Human Rights
The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (also known as SOHR; Arabic: المرصد السوري لحقوق الإنسان), founded in May 2006, is a United Kingdom-based information office whose stated aim is to document human rights abuses in Syria; since 2011 it has focused on the Syrian civil war. It has been frequently quoted by major news outlets since the beginning of the war about daily numbers of deaths from all sides in the conflict and particularly civilians killed in airstrikes in Syria. The SOHR has been described as being anti-Assad and supporting the Syrian opposition, but has reported on war crimes committed by all sides of the conflict.
The Making of the Mob: Chicago
The Making of the Mob: Chicago is an American television miniseries, and the second season of The Making of the Mob, based on the iconic Chicago gangster Al Capone and his rise and fall in the Chicago Mafia. It is produced by Stephen David and premiered on July 11, 2016, on AMC in eight parts.

The Making of the Mob
The Making of the Mob is an American television docu-series detailing the emergence of organized crime in 20th-century America. The series premiered on June 15, 2015, on AMC, and is narrated by actor Ray Liotta. The series also features intercuts within each episode of archival footage and interviews with historians, authors, actors, law enforcement personnel, and family members. On July 31, 2015, AMC renewed the series for a second season of eight episodes, which premiered on July 11, 2016.
Gabriel Milito
Gabriel Alejandro Milito (born 7 September 1980) is an Argentine professional football coach and former player who played as a centre-back. He is currently head coach of Liga MX club Guadalajara.

Milito began and concluded his professional career at Independiente. He spent seven years in Spain, playing for Zaragoza and Barcelona, accumulating La Liga totals of 187 matches and six goals. He retired in June 2012, beginning his coaching career the following year.

On the international stage, Milito represented Argentina at the FIFA World Cup in 2006 and at the Copa América in 2007 and 2011.

2010–11 Copa del Rey
The 2010–11 Copa del Rey was the 109th staging of the Copa del Rey (including two seasons where two rival editions were played). The competition began on 21 August 2010 and ended on 20 April 2011 with the final, held at the Estadio Mestalla in Valencia, in which Real Madrid lifted the trophy for the eighteenth time in their history with a 1–0 victory over Barcelona in extra time. Sevilla were the defending champions, but they were defeated by Real Madrid in the semi-finals.
Cvetulja
Cvetulja (Serbian Cyrillic: Цветуља) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Krupanj municipality, in the Mačva District of Central Serbia. The village had a Serb ethnic majority and a population of 274 in 2002.

Krupanj
Krupanj (Serbian Cyrillic: Крупањ, pronounced [krûːpaɲ]) is a town and municipality located in the Mačva District of western Serbia. The municipality has a total population of 14,399 inhabitants, while the town has a population of 4,134 inhabitants (2022 census).
Chodaki, Łódź Voivodeship
Chodaki [xɔˈdaki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zadzim, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) east of Zadzim, 13 km (8 mi) south of Poddębice, and 38 km (24 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Zadzim
Zadzim [ˈzad͡ʑim] is a village in Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Zadzim. It lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) south-west of Poddębice and 43 km (27 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.
1955 Oklahoma Sooners football team
The 1955 Oklahoma Sooners football team was an American football team that represented the University of Oklahoma in the Big Seven Conference (Big 7) during the 1955 college football season. Led by ninth-year head coach Bud Wilkinson, the Sooners compiled an 11–0 record, outscored opponents by a total of 385 to 60, won the Big 7 and national championships, and defeated No. 3 Maryland, 20–6, in the 1956 Orange Bowl. In the Orange Bowl, Oklahoma trailed by six at halftime, and then outscored Maryland, 20–0, in the second half. Oklahoma's 1955 season was the school's tenth consecutive conference championship and part of a record-setting 47-game winning streak that lasted from October 10, 1953, through November 9, 1957.

The Sooners played their home games at Owen Field in Norman, Oklahoma.

Bud Wilkinson
Charles Burnham "Bud" Wilkinson (April 23, 1916 – February 9, 1994) was an American football player, coach, broadcaster, and politician. He served as the head football coach at the University of Oklahoma from 1947 to 1963, compiling a record of 145–29–4. His Oklahoma Sooners won three national championships (1950, 1955, and 1956) and 14 conference titles. Between 1953 and 1957, Wilkinson's Oklahoma squads won 47 straight games, a record that still stands at the highest level of college football. After retiring from coaching following the 1963 season, Wilkinson entered into politics and in 1965 became a broadcaster with ABC Sports. He returned to coaching in 1978, as head coach of the St. Louis Cardinals of the National Football League (NFL) for two seasons. Wilkinson was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1969.
Prednazate
Prednazate, a combination of prednisolone hemisuccinate with perphenazine, is a synthetic glucocorticoid corticosteroid as well as typical antipsychotic and sedative/tranquilizer. It was a component of Sixty Six-20, a combination of prednazate (prednisolone hemisuccinate and perphenazine) and chlorpheniramine.

Chlorphenamine
Chlorphenamine (CP, CPM), also known as chlorpheniramine, is an antihistamine used to treat the symptoms of allergic conditions such as allergic rhinitis (hay fever). It is taken orally (by mouth). The medication takes effect within two hours and lasts for about 4–6 hours. It is a first-generation antihistamine and works by blocking the histamine H1 receptor.

Common side effects include sleepiness, restlessness, and weakness. Other side effects may include dry mouth and wheeziness.

Chlorpheniramine was patented in 1948 and came into medical use in 1949. It is available as a generic medication and over the counter.

In 2023, it was the 318th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 200,000 prescriptions.
William Digby (Dean of Clonfert)
William Digby  was a Church of Ireland priest in Ireland.

The grandson of Bishop Simon Digby,  he was educated at Trinity College Dublin. He was Dean of Clonfert from 1766 until his death in 1812. He was appointed a Prebendary of Elphin Cathedral in 1767 and of Kildare in 1770.

Simon Digby (bishop)
Simon Digby was an Irish Anglican bishop at the end of the seventeenth century and the beginning of the eighteenth century. He was the son of Essex Digby and attended Trinity College Dublin.
After a short spell as Dean of Kildare in 1678–1679, he was nominated Bishop of Limerick, Ardfert and Aghadoe on 24 January 1679 and  consecrated on 23 March that year. He was summoned to attend the short-lived Patriot Parliament called by James II of England in 1689. In 1690 he was translated to Elphin, being nominated on 4 December and appointed by letters patent on 12 January the following year. He died in office on 7 April 1720.
2009–10 Hong Kong FA Cup
The 2009–10 Hong Kong FA Cup was the 36th season of the Hong Kong FA Cup and was played as a knockout competition for all the teams of the Hong Kong First Division League in the 2009–10 season. The first-round matches were played on 7 March 2010, and the final was competed on 29 May 2010.

TSW Pegasus won its first FA Cup title and qualified for the 2011 AFC Cup as South China won both the 2009–10 Hong Kong First Division League and the 2009–10 Hong Kong Senior Challenge Shield.

2009–10 Hong Kong Senior Shield
Hong Kong Senior Shield 2009–10, officially named as Canbo Senior Shield (Chinese: 康寶高級組銀牌) due to the competition's sponsorship by Guangdong Canbo Electrical, was the 108th season of one of the Asian oldest football knockout competition, Hong Kong Senior Shield. It was a knockout competition for all the teams of Hong Kong First Division League. The winner South China has guaranteed a place in the 2011 AFC Cup.
Toyota Progrès
The Toyota Progrès (pronounced プログレ "Pu-ro-gu-reh") is a mid-size luxury sedan which was sold in Japan from May 1998 to June 2007, replacing the Toyota Corona EXiV.

The name "progrès" is French for "progress". Like the Century, it was one of the few models that did not have Toyota's emblem on the exterior or interior. Instead, an emblem featuring the initial "P" of the car's name was placed on the front grille, trunk lid, wheel center caps, steering wheel, and key. The "NC" in the grade name was also an acronym for "NEO CATEGORY."

Luxury car
A luxury car is a passenger automobile providing superior comfort levels, features, and equipment. More expensive materials and surface finishes are used, and buyers expect a correspondingly high build quality.

The term is relative and unavoidably subjective, reflecting both objective qualities of a car and the projected and perceived image of the vehicle's marque. Luxury brands rank above premium brands, though there is no clear distinction between the two.

Luxury cars span from sports cars to large saloons and sport utility vehicles. "Compact" luxury vehicles also fill a niche.
Manuel Maria Coelho
Antonio Manuel Maria Coelho  (6 March 1857 – 9 January 1943) was a Portuguese military officer of the Portuguese Army and politician during the period of the Portuguese First Republic. In January 1891, he had been one of the leading revolutionaries during the Porto republican revolt. Among other posts, he served as governor of Portuguese Angola and governor of Portuguese Guinea. He became Prime Minister after the Noite Sangrenta (Bloody Night) terrorist assassinations of prominent state figures (including Prime Minister António Granjo) on 19 October 1921. A Freemason (like many of his colleagues), he was co-author, along with João Chagas, of the work História da Revolta do Porto (History of the Porto Revolt).

João Pinheiro Chagas
João Pinheiro Chagas (1 September 1863 – 28 May 1925; Portuguese pronunciation: [ʒuˈɐ̃w piˈɲɐjɾu ˈʃaɣɐʃ]) was a Portuguese politician, literary critic, propagandist, editor, and journalist. He was heavily involved in several rebellions condemning the monarchy and disseminating materials via pamphlets and newspaper in support of the Portuguese Republican Party. He was among the leaders of the 5 October 1910 revolution and the Lisbon Regicide, and later served as Ambassador to Paris, and twice as interim prime minister of the Portuguese First Republic.
Stephen Smale
Stephen Smale (born July 15, 1930) is an American mathematician, known for his research in topology, dynamical systems and mathematical economics. He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1966 and spent more than three decades on the mathematics faculty of the University of California, Berkeley (1960–1961 and 1964–1995), where he currently is Professor Emeritus, with research interests in algorithms, numerical analysis and global analysis.

Morse theory
In mathematics, specifically in differential topology, Morse theory enables one to analyze the topology of a manifold by studying differentiable functions on that manifold. According to the basic insights of Marston Morse, a typical differentiable function on a manifold will reflect the topology quite directly. Morse theory allows one to find CW structures and handle decompositions on manifolds and to obtain substantial information about their homology.

Before Morse, Arthur Cayley and James Clerk Maxwell had developed some of the ideas of Morse theory in the context of topography. Morse originally applied his theory to geodesics (critical points of the energy functional on the space of paths). These techniques were used in Raoul Bott's proof of his periodicity theorem.

The analogue of Morse theory for complex manifolds is Picard–Lefschetz theory.
2018–19 USM Alger season
In the 2018–19 season, USM Alger competed in the Ligue 1 for the 41st season, as well as the Confederation Cup, Club Championship, and the Algerian Cup. It was their 24th consecutive season in the top flight of Algerian football.

2018–19 Algerian Cup
The 2018–19 Algerian Cup (Arabic: كأس الجزائر 19-2018) was the 54th edition of the Algerian Cup. The winner qualified for the 2019–20 CAF Confederation Cup, The final was played in July 5, 1962 Stadium. CR Belouizdad were the eventual winners.
The Last Dogs of Winter
The Last Dogs of Winter is a 2011 Canadian and New Zealand documentary film, directed by Costa Botes and starring The Tribe star Caleb Ross. The documentary follows Caleb Ross and Brian Ladoon as they explore the decreasing numbers of the famed Canadian Eskimo Dog and Brian Ladoon’s attempts the revive the species.

Caleb Ross
Caleb Ross (born 10 December 1981) is a New Zealand film and television actor best known for his role as Lex in the cult science fiction television series The Tribe. In 1998, he played Logan Patterson on Shortland Street. Throughout the years, he has appeared in Xena: Warrior Princess, Hercules: The Legendary Journeys, Mercy Peak and Revelations – The Initial Journey.
Woodley Losack
Captain Woodley Francis Losack (5 October 1769 – 30 May 1838) was a Royal Navy officer who served in the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. He participated in the Battle of Tamatave (1811) as captain of HMS Galatea.

William James (naval historian)
William James (1780 – 28 May 1827) was a British lawyer and military historian who wrote important histories of the military engagements of the British with the French and Americans from 1793 through the 1820s.
Biodiversity of the Kaikōura region
The biodiversity of the Kaikōura region is the variety and variability of life within the land area of the Kaikōura District in New Zealand, and the ocean out to the territorial limit. The region has a diverse landscape ranging from a rugged sea coastline to high mountains. These landforms are shaped by ongoing tectonic movement and seismic activity. The waters offshore are particularly rich in marine life as a result of the convergence of two ocean currents, and the ocean canyon that creates deep water close inshore. The ocean environment offshore from Kaikōura is fundamental to much of the biodiversity in the region.

The economy of the Kaikōura District and township relies to a significant extent on the visitors who come to experience the biodiversity of the local region. Tourism represents around 25% of the GDP of the Kaikōura District.

Kaikōura Peninsula
The Kaikōura Peninsula is located on the northeast of New Zealand's South Island. It protrudes 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) into the Pacific Ocean. The town of Kaikōura is located on the north shore of the peninsula. The peninsula has been settled by Māori for approximately 1000 years, and by Europeans since the 1800s, when whaling operations began off the Kaikōura coast. Since the end of whaling in 1922 whales have thrived and the region is now a popular whale watching destination.

The Kaikōura Peninsula is made up of limestone and mudstone which have been deposited, uplifted and deformed throughout the Quaternary. The peninsula is situated in a tectonically active region bounded by the Marlborough Fault System.
Miss Brazil 2023
Miss Brazil 2023 (Portuguese: Miss Brasil 2023), officially Miss Universe Brazil 2023 (Portuguese: Miss Universo Brasil 2023) was the 69th edition of the Miss Brazil pageant, held in São Paulo, Brazil, on July 8, 2023. It is the third under the new Miss Universe Brazil management.

Mia Mamede of Espírito Santo crowned Maria Brechane of Rio Grande do Sul as her successor at the end of the event. Brechane represented Brazil at the Miss Universe 2023 competition in El Salvador but she failed to enter the Top 20.

Miss Universe 2023
Miss Universe 2023 was the 72nd Miss Universe pageant, held at the Gimnasio Nacional José Adolfo Pineda in San Salvador, El Salvador, on 18 November 2023.

At the conclusion of the event, Sheynnis Palacios of Nicaragua was crowned as Miss Universe 2023 by R'Bonney Gabriel of the United States. This was Nicaragua's first win in the pageant's history, and the country's first ever victory in the Big Four international beauty pageants.

Contestants from eighty-four countries and territories competed in this edition. The competition was presented by Jeannie Mai and Miss Universe 2012, Olivia Culpo for the second consecutive time, along with Maria Menounos. Miss Universe 2018, Catriona Gray and Zuri Hall also served as backstage correspondents for the second time. John Legend performed in this edition.
Wire sculpture
Wire sculpture is the creation of sculpture  out of wire. The use of metal wire in jewelry dates back to the 2nd Dynasty in Egypt and to the Bronze and Iron Ages in Europe. In the 20th century, the works of Alexander Calder, Ruth Asawa, and other modern practitioners developed the medium of wire sculpture as an art form.

Wire
A wire is a flexible, round bar of metal. Wires are commonly formed by drawing the metal through a hole in a die or draw plate. Wire gauges come in various standard sizes, as expressed in terms of a gauge number or cross-sectional area.

Wires are used to bear mechanical loads, often in the form of wire rope. In electricity and telecommunications signals, wire can refer to electrical cable, which can contain a solid core of a single wire or separate strands in stranded or braided forms.

Usually cylindrical in geometry, wire can also be made in square, hexagonal, flattened rectangular, or other cross-sections, either for decorative purposes, or for technical purposes such as high-efficiency voice coils in loudspeakers. Edge-wound coil springs, such as the Slinky toy, are made of special flattened wire.