hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mastery learning
Mastery learning is an instructional strategy and educational philosophy that emphasizes the importance of students achieving a high level of competence (e.g., 90% accuracy) in prerequisite knowledge before moving on to new material. This approach involves providing students with individualized support and repeated opportunities to demonstrate mastery through assessments. If a student does not initially achieve mastery, they receive additional instruction and support until they do. Mastery learning is based on the idea that all students can learn effectively with appropriate instruction and sufficient time, and it contrasts with traditional teaching methods that often focus on covering a set amount of material within a fixed timeframe, regardless of individual student needs.

Keller Plan
The Keller Plan, also called the Personalized System of Instruction (PSI), was developed by Fred S. Keller with J. Gilmour Sherman, Carolina Bori, and Rodolpho Azzi in the middle 1960s as an innovative method of instruction for the then-new University of Brasília. PSI was conceived of as an application of Skinner's theories of learning, grounded in operant conditioning strategies of behaviorism.
2025 Women's Hockey Asia Cup
The 2025 Women's Hockey Asia Cup was the 11th edition of the Women's Hockey Asia Cup, the quadrennial international women's field hockey championship of Asia organized by the Asian Hockey Federation. It was held from 5 to 14 September 2025 at the Gongshu Canal Sports Park Hockey Field in Hangzhou, China.

China as the winner qualified for the 2026 Women's FIH Hockey World Cup. Japan are the defending champions.

2022 Women's Hockey Asia Cup
The 2022 Women's Hockey Asia Cup was the 10th edition of the Women's Hockey Asia Cup, the quadrennial international women's field hockey championship of Asia organized by the Asian Hockey Federation. It was held from 21 to 28 January 2022 at the Sultan Qaboos Sports Complex in Muscat, Oman.

The tournament was originally scheduled to be held in Bangkok, Thailand but on 29 December 2021 the tournament was moved to Muscat, Oman.

India were the defending champions. Japan won their third title after a final win over South Korea.

The top four teams qualified for the 2022 Women's FIH Hockey World Cup.
Wallersheim
Wallersheim is a municipality in the district of Bitburg-Prüm, in Rhineland-Palatinate, western Germany. It is located 7 km (4.3 mi) east of Prüm in a wide valley and can be reached via the B410 from Fleringen and Büdesheim.

Wallersheim belonged to the Prüm Abbey until the end of the 18th century. In 1815/16 Wallersheim came under Prussian rule.  The parish church is dedicated to St. Nicholas.

Bitburg-Prüm
The Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm (Luxembourgish: Äifelkrees Béibreg-Prüm) is a district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) Luxembourg, Belgium and the districts of Euskirchen, Vulkaneifel, Bernkastel-Wittlich and Trier-Saarburg.
Joung Da-woon
Joung Da-woon (born 23 April 1989, Seoul) is a South Korean judoka. At the 2012 Summer Olympics she competed in the Women's 63 kg, but was defeated in the semifinals.  She beat Ramila Yusubova and Yoshie Ueno before losing to Xu Lili.  Because Xu reached the final Joung was entered into the repechage, where she lost her bronze medal match to Gévrise Émane.

Xu Lili
Xu Lili (Chinese: 徐丽丽; pinyin: Xú Lìlì; born 18 February 1988) is a Chinese judoka from Binzhou, Shandong who made it to the finals in the 2012 Summer Olympics in the category Women's 63 kg, winning a silver medal. She is the younger sister of Xu Yuhua, also a judoka.
Kohistan District, Kapisa
Kohistān, also transliterated Kuhistān, Kuhiston (Persian: کوهستان 'mountainous land'), was the northernmost district of Kapisa Province, Afghanistan. In productive agricultural seasons the area has an abundance of sweet mulberries, grapes, apricots and pomegranates. Yearly thousands of visitors spend their weekends in its picnic place of Sayaad along the Panjshir river that flows into Sourubi lake. The population is 100,200 (2006), mainly inhabited by Persian-speaking Tajik people.

Hesa Duwum Kohistan District
Hesa Duwum Kohistan District is a district in the southern part of Kapisa Province, Afghanistan. The center is the village of Kishiktan. The population is 39,900 (2006) and is mostly composed of Tajik. The district is famous for its sweet mulberries, grapes, apricots and pomegranates. Yearly, hundreds of visitors spend their weekends along the Kohistan river that flows into Surobi lake. During the war against USSR, Kohistani was one of the headquarters for Mujahidin. Kohistan is located at the crossroots with Parwan and Panjshir provinces. Jamal Aagha ist one another village of this District.
Asia Catalyst
Asia Catalyst is an Asian independent organization that promotes civil society and advances the right to health for marginalized groups in Asia. Since its founding in 2006 by Sara L.M. Davis, the organization has opened offices in New York, United States; Beijing, China, and Bangkok, Thailand. It has also successfully established 200 communities in 11 different countries.

HIV-positive people
HIV-positive people, seropositive people or people who live with HIV are people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a retrovirus which if untreated may progress to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

According to estimates by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), 38.4 million people were infected with HIV at the end of 2021. That same year, some 1.5 million people became newly infected, and 650,000 died of AIDS-related causes, including 98,000 children. More than two-thirds of new HIV infections are in sub-Saharan Africa.
1981 Southwest Conference men's basketball tournament
The 1981 Southwest Conference men's basketball tournament was held March 5–7 at HemisFair Arena in San Antonio, Texas. The first round took place March 2 at the higher seeded campus sites.

Number 2 seed Houston defeated 6 seed Texas 84-59 to win their 2nd championship and receive the conference's automatic bid to the 1981 NCAA tournament.

1980–81 Houston Cougars men's basketball team
The 1980–81 Houston Cougars men's basketball team represented the University of Houston in NCAA Division I competition in the 1980–81 season.

Houston, coached by Guy Lewis, played its home games in the Hofheinz Pavilion in Houston, Texas, and was then a member of the Southwest Conference.
1993–94 London Crusaders season
The 1993–94 London Crusaders season was the fourteenth in the club's history. It was their third season under the name of the London Crusaders, after more than a decade under the Fulham RLFC name. They competed in the 1993–94 Second Division of the Rugby Football League. They also competed in the 1993–94 Challenge Cup and the 1993–94 League Cup. They finished the season in 3rd place in the second tier of British professional rugby league.

1993–94 Regal Trophy
The 1993–94 Regal Trophy was a British rugby league knockout tournament. It was the 23rd season that the competition was held, and was the fifth staging of the competition since it was re-named the Regal Trophy.

Castleford won the final, beating the pre-match favourites Wigan by the score of 33-2. The match was played at Headingley, Leeds in front of an attendance of 15,626.
Sailing at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Tornado
The Mixed Tornado was a sailing event on the Sailing at the 2004 Summer Olympics program in Agios Kosmas Olympic Sailing Centre. Eleven races were scheduled and completed with one discard. 35 sailors, on 17 boats, from 17 nation competed.

Tornado (sailboat)
The Tornado is a double handed multihull class recognised as an International Class by the International Sailing Federation. It was used for the Catamaran discipline at the Olympic Games from 1976 to 2008.
The Night Porter
The Night Porter (Italian: Il portiere di notte) is a 1974 Italian erotic psychological war drama film co-written and directed by Liliana Cavani. It stars Dirk Bogarde and Charlotte Rampling, with Philippe Leroy, Gabriele Ferzetti, and Isa Miranda in supporting roles. Set in Vienna in 1957, the film centers on the sadomasochistic relationship between a former Nazi concentration camp officer (Bogarde) and one of his inmates (Rampling).

The film's themes of sexual and sadomasochistic obsession, and its use of Holocaust imagery, have made the film controversial since its initial release, dividing critics over its artistic value. In July 2018, it was selected to be screened in the Venice Classics section of the 75th Venice International Film Festival.

Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide
Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide was a book-format collection of movie capsule reviews that began in 1969, was updated biannually after 1978, and then annually after 1986. The final edition was published in September 2014. It was originally called TV Movies, which became Leonard Maltin's TV Movies and Video Guide, and then Leonard Maltin's Movie and Video Guide, before arriving at its final title. Film critic Leonard Maltin edited it and contributed a large portion of its reviews.
Lærdalsøyri
Lærdalsøyri is the administrative centre of Lærdal Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located along the Lærdalselvi river where it empties into the Lærdalsfjorden, a branch off of the main Sognefjorden. The village is located about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) north of the village of Tønjum at the east end of the Lærdal Tunnel which is part of the European route E16 highway. It sits about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of the village of Borgund and about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) across the fjord from the village of Kaupanger in Sogndal Municipality. Hauge Church is located in the village, and serves as the main church for the parish.

The 1.01-square-kilometre (250-acre) village has a population (2025) of 1,218 and a population density of 1,206 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,120/sq mi).

Kaupanger
Kaupanger is a village situated along the northern shore of the Sognefjorden in Sogndal Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It sits along the Norwegian National Road 5, about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) southeast of the village of Sogndalsfjøra and about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) northeast of the Sogndal Airport, Haukåsen. Kaupanger IL is a sports club located in Kaupanger.

The 1.22-square-kilometre (300-acre) village has a population (2025) of 1,167 and a population density of 957 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,480/sq mi).
Gamsammot Park
Gamsammot Park (Korean: 감삼못공원) is a park that is located in Daegu Seo-gu, South Korea. There was Gamsam-mot (Lake). The name is changed from Gamsam Park to Gamsammot Park in November 2010.
The area is comparatively small to 16,332 m².
There are Dalseong High School, Gyungun Middle School, Duryu Park etc. near the Gamsam park.
It is close to the Duryu Station of Daegu Subway Line 2.

Duryu Park
Duryu Park (Korean: 두류공원) is a park located in Duryu-dong, Dalseo District, Daegu, South Korea. It was founded in 1965.

The area of the park is 1,653,965 m2. It is equipped with many facilities such as multipurpose playgrounds, a swimming pool, tennis courts, a roller skating rink, a football field, and a baseball field. There are two small Buddhist temples on the grounds and the Cathedral Pond - Osaek Fountain. The park is popular for its scenic bridge and views during autumn and spring, during which cherry blossoms bloom. Some festivals and concerts are also held on the grounds, such as a body-painting and a flying lantern festival.

There are over 133 species of trees and plants in the park.
Westchester/Veterans station
Westchester/Veterans station is an at-grade light rail station on the K Line of the Los Angeles Metro Rail system. It is located alongside Florence Avenue near its intersection of Hindry Avenue, located in the Westchester neighborhood of Los Angeles, but across the street from the city of Inglewood. The station served as the temporary southern terminus of the K Line until through-routing with the C Line commenced on June 6, 2025, upon the opening of the LAX/Metro Transit Center.

The station opened on October 7, 2022. Metro held a ceremonial ribbon cutting for the station on September 17, 2022.

The station incorporates artwork by the artist Geoff McFetridge. Hindry station was funded and fully incorporated into the project in May 2013 after significant community support.

LAX/Metro Transit Center
The LAX/Metro Transit Center is an intermodal transport hub in the Westchester neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. Located near Aviation Boulevard and 96th Street, the facility serves as a transfer point between the Los Angeles Metro Rail system and other modes of transportation. It is served by the C and K rail lines and connects to multiple Metro Bus and municipal bus routes. The facility also includes a customer service center and a Metro Bike Hub. It opened on June 6, 2025.

Los Angeles World Airports (LAWA) refers to the facility as the Intermodal Transportation Facility East (ITF East). It currently serves as the primary Metro Rail connection to Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) via LAX Shuttle buses, until the LAX Automated People Mover opens, which is scheduled for June 2026.
The Puratos Sourdough Library
The Sourdough Library was founded in October 2013 in Saint-Vith, Belgium, and is the only facility in the world dedicated to housing sourdough cultures. The library is housed at the Puratos Center for Bread Flavour, with a mission to conserve and promote sourdoughs from around the world, to conduct research, and to ensure the survival of the various strains for future use. It currently has over 900 strains of wild yeast and lactic acid bacteria recorded. Every new sample that arrives at the library is checked and analyzed in the laboratory, run by Professor Marco Gobbetti. The library is a not-for profit initiative from Puratos and as of 2016 has 87 sourdoughs, including 12 from the United States.

Sourdough
Sourdough is a type of bread that uses fermentation by naturally occurring yeast and lactobacillus bacteria to raise (leaven) the dough. In addition to leavening the bread, the fermentation process produces lactic acid, which gives the bread its distinctive sour taste and improves its keeping qualities.
Quassel IRC
Quassel IRC, or simply Quassel, is a graphical, distributed, cross-platform IRC client, introduced in 2008. It is released under the GNU General Public License version 2 and version 3, for GNU and Unix-like operating systems, macOS, and Microsoft Windows. It has also been ported to OS/2 Warp due to its cross-platform nature. Since the release of Kubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope) Quassel is Kubuntu's default IRC client. Quassel uses the Qt application framework.

Quassel's key feature is in storing chat history on a user's server and providing it to the user, including chat history of when the user's computer was offline.

Qt (software)
Qt (/ˈkjuːt/ pronounced "cute") is a cross-platform application development framework for creating graphical user interfaces as well as cross-platform applications that run on various software and hardware platforms such as Linux, Windows, macOS, Android or embedded systems with little or no change in the underlying codebase while still being a native application with native capabilities and speed.

Qt is currently being developed by The Qt Company, a publicly listed company, and the Qt Project under open-source governance, involving individual developers and organizations working to advance Qt. Qt is available under both commercial licenses and open-source GPL 2.0, GPL 3.0, and LGPL 3.0 licenses.
Idiocnemis adelbertensis
Idiocnemis adelbertensis is a species of white-legged damselfly in the family Platycnemididae.

The IUCN conservation status of Idiocnemis adelbertensis is "NT", near threatened. The species may be considered threatened in the near future. The IUCN status was reviewed in 2009.

Platycnemididae
The Platycnemididae are a family of damselflies.
They are known commonly as white-legged damselflies. There are over 400 species native to the Old World. The family is divided into several subfamilies.
Matt Windows
Matthew Guy Newman Windows (born 5 April 1973) is a former English cricketer. He attended Clifton College in Bristol, representing the First XI for many years as well as being a double foster cup champion at rackets. He is a right-handed batsman and a slow left-arm bowler. He played First Class cricket for Gloucestershire for his entire career (1992–2006). He scored 9,103 runs including 16 Centuries.

Windows played four Youth Test matches in 1992, making his debut against Pakistan and appearing three times in the Sri Lankan visit in August/September of the same year. He won the NBC Denis Compton award in 1998. 
Windows' father is former Gloucestershire cricketer Anthony Windows, and his cousins once-removed are John Hampshire and Alan Hampshire. He married Emma Virjee in 2002.

John Hampshire
John Harry Hampshire (10 February 1941 – 1 March 2017), also known as Jack Hampshire, was an English cricketer and umpire, who played eight Tests and three One Day Internationals (ODIs) for England between 1969 and 1975. He played first-class cricket for Yorkshire from 1961 to 1981, and for Derbyshire from 1982 to 1984. Overseas, he was a successful captain of Tasmania in the period before the state was included in the Sheffield Shield. He was also appointed President of Yorkshire County Cricket Club in 2016, serving until his death a year later.

Cricket writer Colin Bateman remarked, "Hampshire thrilled English cricket supporters when he scored a century at Lord's on his Test debut – a unique achievement for an England player. An attractive middle-order stroke-player, Hampshire looked one for the future but he was dropped after one more match".
Klein Lengden
Klein Lengden is a village in the Gleichen in the Göttingen district of Lower Saxony, Germany, about eight to ten kilometers south-east of Göttingen.  According to the 2010 census, it has about 1363 inhabitants.  The village lies in the Garte valley, south of the forested hills of Lengderburg (384 meters a.s.l.) with its Lengdener Burg (castle) and Westerberg (340 meters a.s.l.) and is otherwise surrounded by farm fields.  The nearest neighboring villages are Gross Lengden to the east and Diemarden to the west-south-west, each of which is about two kilometers distant.

Just outside the village, on L569, the road to Benniehausen, is the Historische Spinnerei Gartetal (historical spinning works of the Garte Valley). In the late 16th century, a flour mill was erected on the site.  In the middle of the following century, a paper mill was added.  The Industrial Revolution led to the conversion to a spinnery for flannel and woolen yarn.

Diemarden
Diemarden is a village in Gleichen in the Göttingen district of Lower Saxony, Germany. It had 1463 inhabitants as of 2005 and is the second largest village in Gleichen. In 2010, there were 
1398 residents. The village's elevation is 172 meters above mean sea level. The village lies along the Garte stream, a tributary to the Leine river.
The Oregon Journal
The Oregon Journal was Portland, Oregon's daily afternoon newspaper from 1902 to 1982. The Journal was founded in Portland by C. S. "Sam" Jackson, publisher of Pendleton, Oregon's East Oregonian newspaper, after a group of Portlanders convinced Jackson to help in the reorganization of the Portland Evening Journal. The firm owned several radio stations in the Portland area.  In 1961, the Journal was purchased by S.I. Newhouse and Advance Publications, owners also of The Oregonian, the city's morning newspaper.

KOIN
KOIN (channel 6) is a television station in Portland, Oregon, United States, affiliated with CBS. It is owned by Nexstar Media Group alongside Salem–licensed CW owned-and-operated station KRCW-TV (channel 32). The two stations share studios in the basement of the KOIN Center skyscraper on Southwest Columbia Street in downtown Portland; KOIN's transmitter is located in the Sylvan-Highlands neighborhood of the city.
Searcy Bay Conservation Park
Searcy Bay Conservation Park is a protected area located on the west coast of Eyre Peninsula in South Australia about 25 kilometres (16 miles) south of Streaky Bay.

It was proclaimed under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972 in 2012 for the purpose of protecting an ‘important breeding habitat for the eastern osprey (Pandion cristatus) and white-bellied sea-eagle (Haliaeetus leucogaster)’ and to provide ‘provide important habitat for threatened shorebirds and migratory birds, including the hooded plover (Thinornis rubricollis), sooty oystercatcher (Haematopus fuliginosus) and sanderling (Calidris alba).’  Its name is derived from Searcy Bay which itself is derived from Alfred Searcy.

The conservation park is classified as an IUCN Category III protected area.

Streaky Bay, South Australia
Streaky Bay (formerly Flinders) is a coastal town on the western side of the Eyre Peninsula, in South Australia just off the Flinders Highway, 303 km (188 mi) north-west of Port Lincoln and 727 km (452 mi) by road from Adelaide. At the 2021 census, Streaky Bay recorded a population of 1,436.

The town of Streaky Bay is the major population centre of the District Council of Streaky Bay, and the centre of an agricultural district farming cereal crops and sheep, as well as having established fishing and tourism industries.
2018–19 Southern Football League
The 2018–19 season was the 116th in the history of the Southern League since its establishment in 1894. The league (known as Evo-Stik League Southern, following a sponsorship deal with Evo-Stik) has two Premier divisions (Central and South) at step 3 of the National League System (NLS) and two Division One divisions (Central and South) at step 4 of the NLS.

This was the first season to consist of four divisions in the league, following a shakeup of the Southern, Isthmian, and Northern Premier Leagues divisions by geographical region. The Southern League was chosen to create a new division at Step 3; the 21 clubs remaining from the Premier Division the previous season were split into two new Premier divisions; Central and South. The league constitution was announced in May 2018.

2017–18 Isthmian League
The 2017–18 season was the 103rd season of the Isthmian League, which is an English football competition featuring semi-professional and amateur clubs from London, East and South East England. It was also the twelfth season for the current incarnations of the Premier, North and South Divisions, the last to have two regional divisions, and the first as the Bostik League following a sponsorship deal with Bostik.

In May 2017, the FA chose the Southern League to create one additional division at Step 3 and the Isthmian League to create one at Step 4 as part of the next change to the structure, and in March 2018, the Northern Premier League voted to reorganise its Step 4 divisions into an east-west alignment, with all Step 3 divisions contracting to 22 clubs and those at Step 4 to 20, taking effect in the 2018–19 season.