hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Waggonfabrik Rastatt
Waggonfabrik Rastatt (English: Rastatt Coach Factory) is a German public-limited company based in Rastatt in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwestern Germany. Its chief products are tramway vehicles and railway coaches and wagons. The firm was founded in 1897 (1897) and built, for example, tramways for the Upper Rhine Railway Company (Oberrheinische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft or OEG), Karlsruhe Transport Company (Verkehrsbetriebe Karlsruhe GmbH) and Stuttgart Tramways (Stuttgarter Straßenbahnen AG). In its early days it also built rolling stock for the Grand Duchy of Baden State Railways.

After the acquisition of the majority of shares by Bauknecht the coach factory in 1971 was converted into a limited liability company (GmbH) and its production was refocussed on the repair and conversion of wagons. After several name changes and takeovers, especially due to the bankruptcy of Bauknecht, it finally became the 'BWR Wagon Repair Company' (German: BWR Waggonreparatur GmbH).

Rastatt
Rastatt (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaʃtat] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Rastatt, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is located in the Upper Rhine Plain, on the Murg River, 6 km (3.7 mi) above its junction with the Rhine. It has a Baroque core and a population of around 51,000 (2022). Rastatt was an important place during the War of the Spanish Succession (Treaty of Rastatt) and the Revolutions of 1848 in the German states.
Thomas de Treil de Pardailhan
Thomas-François de Treil de Pardailhan (1754, Paris – 2 August 1822, Pardailhan) was the eldest of an ennobled Languedocien family, originating in the Saint-Pons-de-Thomières region.  At first an officer in the Maison Militaire du Roi, baron Thomas de Treil de Pardailhan was Maître d'hôtel du Roi at the Court of Versailles at the end of the Ancien Régime.  His writings, however, show him as an opponent of the privileges of aristocracy and in favor of the new ideas.  The French Revolution marks a rupture with his milieu: in support of deep social reform, he was elected député for Paris in 1791 to the Legislative Assembly, but always remained attached to the idea of a constitutional monarchy and was imprisoned as a suspect during the Reign of Terror.  Ruined by bad business dealings under the Directory and by sources of income he had lost in the Revolution, he ended his life at his château at Pardailhan in 1822.

Languedoc
The Province of Languedoc (/ˌlɒ̃ɡ(ə)ˈdɒk/, French: [lɑ̃ɡ(ə)dɔk], locally [lãᵑɡəˈdɔk]; Occitan: Lengadòc [ˌleŋɡɔˈðɔ(k)]) is a former province of France.
Most of its territory is now contained in the modern-day region of Occitanie in Southern France. Its capital city was Toulouse. It had an area of approximately 42,700 square kilometers (16,500 square miles).
1891 Egmont by-election
The 1891 Egmont by-election was a by-election held on 17 February 1891 during the 11th New Zealand Parliament in the Taranaki electorate of Egmont.

The by-election was caused by the resignation of the incumbent MP Harry Atkinson when he was appointed to the Legislative Council, along with six other Conservatives; to block any radical measures introduced by the new Liberal Government of John Ballance.

The by-election was won by Felix McGuire.

McGuire was opposed by Robert Bruce who had previously represented Rangitikei.

Liberal Government of New Zealand
The Liberal Government of New Zealand was the first responsible government in New Zealand politics organised along party lines. The government formed following the founding of the Liberal Party and took office on 24 January 1891, and governed New Zealand for over 21 years until 10 July 1912. To date, it is the longest-serving government in New Zealand's history. The government was also historically notable for enacting significant social and economic changes, such as the Old Age Pensions Act and women's suffrage. One historian described the policies of the government as "a revolution in the relationship between the government and the people".
Kotronou
Kotronou is a village in eastern Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Kouassi-Datékro, Koun-Fao Department, Gontougo Region, Zanzan District.

Kotronou was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Kouassi-Datékro
Kouassi-Datékro is a town in eastern Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture and commune of Koun-Fao Department in Gontougo Region, Zanzan District.

In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Kouassi-Datékro was 25,833.
India Capitals
India Capitals are a professional cricket franchise team based in Delhi, India, that compete in the Legends League Cricket. The team was founded in 2022. The team is owned by GMR Group. They have won the first season of LLC in 2022.

The captain of the team is Gautam Gambhir and coach is Hemang Badani.

Hemang Badani
Hemang Kamal Badani (pronunciationⓘ; born 14 November 1976) is a former Indian international cricketer. He is a left-handed batter and an occasional slow left-arm bowler. He had represented the Indian cricket team while also representing Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan, Haryana and Vidarbha in domestic cricket. He was part of the Indian squad that finished as runners-up at the 2000 ICC Champions Trophy. He is the present head coach of Delhi Capitals team in the Indian Premier League.
Cristoforo Terzi
Cristoforo Terzi (1692–1743) was an Italian painter of the late-Baroque period. He was born and died in Bologna. He was a pupil of Giuseppe Maria Crespi. He painted a San Petronio kneeling before the Virgin for the church of San Giacomo Maggiore.

The Venetian pastellist Margherita Terzi was a relative.

San Giacomo Maggiore, Bologna
44°29′44.01″N 11°20′56.05″E﻿ / ﻿44.4955583°N 11.3489028°E﻿ / 44.4955583; 11.3489028

The Basilica of San Giacomo Maggiore is an historic Roman Catholic church in Bologna, region of Emilia Romagna, Italy, serving a monastery of Augustinian friars. It was built starting in 1267 and houses, among the rest, the Bentivoglio Chapel, featuring numerous Renaissance artworks.
Jim Miceli (American football)
James Miceli (born April 24, 1957) is an American football coach. He is the head football coach at Toll Gate High School, a position he has held since 2022. He was the head football coach for Norwalk High School from 1983 to 1985, Old Tappan High School from 1986 to 1987, Ramapo College from 1988 to 1991, and Bryant College—now known as Bryant University—from 1997 to 2003. He also coached for Milford Academy, Pittsburgh, Wisconsin, Maryland, Fordham, Georgetown, Akron, Gilman School, Rhode Island, and Chariho High School. He played college football for Norwich, briefly for Dean, and Southern Connecticut as an offensive lineman before a neck injury ended his career.

Dean Bulldogs football
The Dean Bulldogs football team represents Dean College in college football at the NCAA Division III level. The Bulldogs are members of the Massachusetts State Collegiate Athletic Conference (MASCAC), having joined the conference in 2025. Dean competed in the Eastern Collegiate Football Conference (ECFC) from 2017 to 2024. The Bulldogs play their home games at Dale Lippert Field in Franklin, Massachusetts. Luke Bakanowsky is the head coach of the program. He took over from Andrae Murphy after the 2024 season.

The team was formally known as the Red Demons until 1994 when the school went from Dean Junior College to Dean College.
Preventive maintenance checks and services
Preventive maintenance checks and services (PMCS) in the United States Army or preventive maintenance inspections (PMI) in the United States Air Force are the checks, services, and maintenance performed before, during, and after any type of movement or before the use of all types of military equipment.

Maintenance
The technical meaning of maintenance involves functional checks, servicing, repairing or replacing of necessary devices, equipment, machinery, building infrastructure and supporting utilities in industrial, business, and residential installations. Terms such as "predictive" or "planned" maintenance describe various cost-effective practices aimed at keeping equipment operational; these activities occur either before or after a potential failure.
Primary cyclic group
In mathematics, a primary cyclic group is a group that is both a cyclic group and a p-primary group for some prime number p.
That is, it is a cyclic group of order pm, Cpm, for some prime number p, and natural number m.

Every finite abelian group G may be written as a finite direct sum of primary cyclic groups, as stated in the fundamental theorem of finite abelian groups:

This expression is essentially unique: there is a bijection between the sets of groups in two such expressions, which maps each group to one that is isomorphic.

Primary cyclic groups are characterised among finitely generated abelian groups as the torsion groups that cannot be expressed as a direct sum of two non-trivial groups. As such they, along with the group of integers, form the building blocks of finitely generated abelian groups.

The subgroups of a primary cyclic group are linearly ordered by inclusion. The only other groups that have this property are the quasicyclic groups.

Torsion group
In group theory, a branch of mathematics, a torsion group or a periodic group is a group in which every element has finite order. The exponent of such a group, if it exists, is the least common multiple of the orders of the elements.

For example, it follows from Lagrange's theorem that every finite group is periodic and it has an exponent that divides its order.
Eutheiini
Eutheiini is a tribe of beetles belonging to the family Staphylinidae.

Genera:

† Archeutheia Jałoszyński & Peris, 2016

Eutheia Stephens, 1830

Euthiconus Reitter, 1882

Euthiopsis Müller, G., 1925

Paeneutheia Jałoszyński, 2003

Paraneseuthia Franz, 1986

Veraphis Casey, 1897

† Vertheia Jałoszyński & Perkovsky, 2016

Veraphis
Veraphis is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Staphylinidae.

The species of this genus are found in Northern Europe.

Species:

Veraphis assingi Jałoszyński, 2013

Veraphis calcarifer Jałoszyński, 2012
Amazonian barred woodcreeper
The Amazonian barred woodcreeper (Dendrocolaptes certhia) is a sub-oscine passerine bird in subfamily Dendrocolaptinae of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.

Madeira River
The Madeira River (Portuguese: Rio Madeira [maˈdejɾɐ]) is a major waterway in South America. It is estimated to be 1,450 km (900 mi) in length, while the Madeira-Mamoré is estimated near 3,250 km (2,020 mi) or 3,380 km (2,100 mi) in length depending on the measuring party and their methods. The Madeira is the biggest tributary of the Amazon, accounting for about 15% of the water in the basin. A map from Emanuel Bowen in 1747, held by the David Rumsey Map Collection, refers to the Madeira by the pre-colonial, indigenous name Cuyari.

The River of Cuyari, called by the Portuguese Madeira or the Wood River, is formed by two great rivers, which join near its mouth. It was by this River, that the Nation of Topinambes passed into the River Amazon.
Stane Jagodič
Stane Jagodič (born 15 June 1943) is a Slovenian painter, photographer, caricaturist, and author. His art has been socially critical. He is especially known for his montages, assemblages, and collages, joining objects that would seem to be incompatible.

Assemblage (art)
Assemblage is an artistic form or medium usually created on a defined substrate that consists of three-dimensional elements projecting out of or from the substrate. It is similar to collage, a two-dimensional medium. It is part of the visual arts and it typically uses found objects, but is not limited to these materials. The term also may be applied to free-standing works that have been assembled.
Saint Luke painting the Virgin
Saint Luke painting the Virgin (German and Dutch: Lukas-Madonna) is a devotional subject in art showing Luke the Evangelist painting the Virgin Mary with the Child Jesus. Such paintings were often created during the Renaissance for chapels of Saint Luke in European churches, and frequently recall the composition of the Salus Populi Romani, an icon based on the legend of Luke's portrait of Mary. Versions of the subject were sometimes painted as the masterpiece that many guilds required an artist to submit before receiving the title of master.

Master craftsman
Historically, a master craftsman or master tradesman (sometimes called only master or grandmaster) was a member of a craft guild. The title survives as the highest professional qualification in craft industries.

In the European guild system, only masters and journeymen were allowed to be members of the guild. An aspiring master would have to pass through the career chain from apprentice to journeyman before he could be elected to become a master craftsman.  He would then have to produce a sum of money and a masterpiece before he could actually join the guild.  If the masterpiece was not accepted by the masters, he was prohibited to join the guild and possibly remained a journeyman for the rest of his life.
Spirit River Formation
The Spirit River Formation is a stratigraphic unit of middle Albian age in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin.

It takes the name from the Spirit River, and was first described in Imperial Oil Spirit River No. 1 well by Badgley in 1952.

Albian
The Albian is both an age of the geologic timescale and a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is the youngest or uppermost subdivision of the Early/Lower Cretaceous Epoch/Series. Its approximate time range is 113.2 ± 0.3 Ma to 100.5 ± 0.1 Ma (million years ago). The Albian is preceded by the Aptian and followed by the Cenomanian.
Grentperez
Grant Perez (born 4 December 2001), known professionally as Grentperez, is a Filipino-Australian singer and songwriter. He is widely known for his 2021 single, "Cherry Wine". Perez records on the Fast Friends record label.

At the APRA Music Awards of 2024, Grentperez won the APRA for Emerging Songwriter of the Year.

APRA Music Awards of 2024
The APRA Music Awards of 2024 were the 42nd annual series, known as the APRA Awards. The awards are given in a series of categories in three divisions and in separate ceremonies throughout the year: the APRA Music Awards, Art Music Awards and Screen Music Awards.

The APRA Music Awards took place on 1 May 2024. The 25 songs shortlisted for Song of the Year were announced on 22 February 2024. Nominations were announced on 4 April 2024.
Genesis (Domo Genesis album)
Genesis is the debut studio album by American rapper Domo Genesis. It was released on March 25, 2016, through Odd Future and distributed by Columbia Records. The album contains features from Wiz Khalifa, Juicy J, Tyler, the Creator, Anderson .Paak, Tay Walker, Dash, King Chip, Mac Miller and JMSN, among others.

Genesis received generally positive reviews from critics, debuting at number 110 on the US Billboard 200. It was supported by two singles: "Dapper" and "Go (Gas)".

Dash (rapper)
Darien Corey Dash, Jr. (born July 21, 1992), known professionally as Dash (stylized as Da$H), is an American rapper. Apart from his solo career, he was a member of Heir Global, alongside former friend and collaborator, Retch. Dash is also an affiliate of ASAP Mob, making his first high-profile appearance on their debut mixtape Lords Never Worry, in 2012. He frequently works with record producer Mordecai Beats, with whom he released the mixtape La Cienega (2012). Da$h has also collaborated with several prominent rappers in the hip-hop industry, including Ab-Soul, Action Bronson, Earl Sweatshirt, Vince Staples, Suicideboys, and Mac Miller.
Partula planilabrum
Partula planilabrum is an extinct species of air-breathing tropical land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Partulidae. Like other members of the genus Partula, it was a small arboreal snail adapted to life on vegetation in tropical environments. Species in this genus are best known for their restricted ranges and their importance in studies of evolution, biogeography, and conservation.

This species was endemic to Tahaa, French Polynesia. It is now extinct.

Terrestrial mollusc
Terrestrial molluscs or land molluscs (mollusks) are an ecological group that includes all molluscs that live on land in contrast to freshwater and marine molluscs. They probably first occurred in the Carboniferous, arising from freshwater ones.
Sanghunadam
Sanghunadam (transl. Sound of Conch Shell) is a 1988 Indian Malayalam-language drama film, directed by T. S. Suresh Babu, written by Pappanamkodu Lakshmanan and produced by Harinarayanan under the banner of Ragasudha Films in their debut production. The film stars Mammootty in the lead role, alongside Ratheesh, Nalini, Suresh Gopi, Nedumudi Venu, and Rohini in supporting roles. The film features original songs composed by Jerry Amaldev. This is one of the few films where Innocent plays a negative role.

Ratheesh
Ratheesh (11 September 1954 – 23 December 2002) was an Indian actor best known for his work in Malayalam cinema. He was a native of Kalavoor in the Alappuzha district of Kerala, India. He performed villainous roles during the 1990s. He had acted in 158 films with directors such as K. G. George, I. V. Sasi, Joshiy, P. G. Vishwambharan, Thampy Kannamthanam, Sreekumaran Thampi, Rajasenan,P.K.Joseph and Shaji Kailas. Unlike other villains of the time, Ratheesh captivated the Malayalam movie lovers with his charms and handsome looks.He attained superstardom for a brief while during the 80s.
Josias R. King
Josias Ridgate King (February 21, 1832 – February 19, 1916; aged 83) was an American land surveyor, Union Army officer, and is credited as being the first person to volunteer for the Union during the American Civil War. He spent the majority of his adult life living in Minnesota and would earn the rank of lieutenant colonel during his Civil War service. Post-war, King resumed work as a surveyor and in 1882 was commissioned a brigadier general in the Minnesota National Guard; His reforms of the latter would earn him the nickname "Father of the Minnesota Guard."

Cathedral of Saint Paul (Minnesota)
The Cathedral of Saint Paul is a Catholic cathedral in Saint Paul, Minnesota. It is the co-cathedral of the Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis, along with the Basilica of Saint Mary in Minneapolis. It sits on Cathedral Hill overlooking downtown Saint Paul and features a distinctive copper-clad dome. It is dedicated to Paul the Apostle, who is also the namesake of the city. The current building opened in 1915 as the fourth cathedral of the archdiocese to bear this name. On March 25, 2009, it was designated as the National Shrine of the Apostle Paul by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. It is the third-largest Catholic cathedral and sixth-largest church in the United States.
Priss Fotheringham
Priss Fotheringham (née Priscilla Carsewell, c. 1615 – c. 1668) was a Scottish sex worker and madam who lived and worked in  London and was described in a number of publications from the 1660s. One publication, The Wandering Whore, described her as the 'second best whore in the city'. An unofficial blue plaque commemorating her was installed in 2012 at the corner of Whitecross Street and Old Street in East London, but was reported in January 2023 to have "recently been obscured by a new artwork". As of 26 July 2023 the artwork had been changed and the unofficial blue plaque moved, so it is visible below the new artwork.

Old Street
Old Street is a 1-mile (1.6 km) street in inner north-east Central London, England that runs west to east from Goswell Road in Clerkenwell, in the London Borough of Islington, via St Luke's and Old Street Roundabout, to the crossroads where it meets Shoreditch High Street (south), Kingsland Road (north) and Hackney Road (east) in Shoreditch in the London Borough of Hackney.

It has London Underground station Old Street on the Northern line which has other platforms for National Rail's Northern City Line.

Its west half is inside London's congestion charging zone. The street's middle (from Old Street Station to Great Eastern Street) follows the zone's eastern boundary, while the street's eastern end falls entirely outside the zone.
Fan Llia
Fan Llia is a subsidiary summit of Fan Fawr in the Fforest Fawr section of the Brecon Beacons National Park, Wales. In common with other peaks in the Fforest Fawr uplands it lies within the county of Powys.

The hill has the form of a broad ridge aligned south-south-west to north-north-east peaking at an altitude of 632 m. It has a subsidiary top to the north which is known as Fan Dringarth and which attains a height of 617 m. Its broad northern ridge is eventually truncated by the cliffs of Craig Cwm-du.

A number of features of archaeological interest are to be found on its flanks including several house platforms.

Earthworks (archaeology)
In archaeology, earthworks are artificial changes in land level, typically made from piles of artificially placed or sculpted rocks and soil. Earthworks can themselves be archaeological features, or they can show features beneath the surface.
Tripartite Alliance
The Tripartite Alliance is an alliance between the African National Congress (ANC), the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) and the South African Communist Party (SACP). The ANC holds a plurality in the South African parliament, while the SACP and COSATU have not contested any democratic election in South Africa.

The Alliance was forged in 1990 after the release of Nelson Mandela. The movements were opposed to white minority rule by the apartheid government. The Tripartite Alliance is also known as the Revolutionary Alliance or just the Alliance.

Parliament of South Africa
The Parliament of the Republic of South Africa is South Africa's legislature. It is located in Cape Town; the country's legislative capital.

Under the present Constitution of South Africa, the bicameral Parliament comprises a National Assembly and a National Council of Provinces. The current twenty-eighth Parliament was first convened on 14 June 2024.

From 1910 to 1994, members of Parliament were elected chiefly by the South African white minority.  The first elections with universal suffrage were held in 1994.

Both chambers held their meetings in the Houses of Parliament, Cape Town that were built 1875–1884. A fire broke out within the buildings in early January 2022, destroying the session room of the National Assembly. It was decided that, during construction work at Parliament, the National Assembly would temporarily meet at the Good Hope Chamber.
Siamogale melilutra
Siamogale melilutra is an extinct species of giant otter from the late Miocene from Yunnan province, China.

Ranking among the largest fossil otters, Siamogale represents a feeding ecomorphology with no living analog. Its giant size and high mandibular strength confer shell-crushing capability matched only by other extinct molluscivores, such as the bear-like marine stem-pinniped Kolponomos.

Molluscivore
A molluscivore is a carnivorous animal that specialises in feeding on molluscs such as gastropods, bivalves, brachiopods and cephalopods. Known molluscivores include numerous predatory (and often cannibalistic) molluscs, (e.g. octopuses, murexes, decollate snails and oyster drills), arthropods such as crabs and firefly larvae, and vertebrates such as fish, birds and mammals. Molluscivory is performed in a variety of ways with some animals highly adapted to this method of feeding. A similar behaviour, durophagy, describes the feeding of animals that consume hard-shelled or exoskeleton bearing organisms, such as corals, shelled molluscs, or crabs.