hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ronna
Ronna is a feminine given name. People with that name include:

Ronna Brott, Master with the Ontario Superior Court

Ronna Burger (born 1947), American philosopher

Ronna C. Johnson, American professor of English

Ronna McDaniel (born 1973), American political operative

Ronna Reeves (born 1968), American country music singer

Ronna Rísquez, Venezuelan journalist

Ronna Romney (born 1943), American Republican politician and radio talk show host

Ronna C. Johnson
Ronna C. Johnson is a Professor of English at Tufts University in Medford, Massachusetts. Johnson is an established authority on the Beat Generation. She has worked as a fiction editor for ASPECT magazine, Zephyr Press, and Dark Horse magazine. She is also the co-editor of the Journal of Beat Studies published by Pace University Press, a founding board member of the Beat Studies Association, and the co-editor of the Beat Studies book series published by Clemson University Press/Liverpool University Press.
Dąbrowa, Gmina Lubochnia
Dąbrowa [dɔmˈbrɔva] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubochnia, within Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north-east of Lubochnia, 16 km (10 mi) north-east of Tomaszów Mazowiecki, and 50 km (31 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Tomaszów County, Łódź Voivodeship
Tomaszów County (Polish: powiat tomaszowski) is a county in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Tomaszów Mazowiecki, which lies 49 kilometres (30 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 1,025.7 square kilometres (396.0 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 120,973, out of which the population of Tomaszów Mazowiecki is 66,705 and the rural population is 54,268.
Japanese militarism
Japanese militarism (日本軍国主義, Nihon gunkoku shugi) was the ideology in the Empire of Japan which advocated the belief that militarism should dominate the political and social life of the nation, and the belief that the strength of the military is equal to the strength of a nation. It was most prominent from the start of conscription after the Meiji Restoration until the Japanese defeat in World War II, roughly 1873 to 1945. Since then, pacifism has been enshrined in the postwar Constitution of Japan as one of its key tenets.

Ideology
An ideology is a set of beliefs or values attributed to a person or group of persons, especially those held for reasons that are not purely about belief in certain knowledge, in which "practical elements are as prominent as theoretical ones". Formerly applied primarily to economic, political, or religious theories and policies, in a tradition going back to Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, more recent use treats the term as mainly condemnatory.

The term was coined by Antoine Destutt de Tracy, a French Enlightenment aristocrat and philosopher, who conceived it in 1796 as the "science of ideas" to develop a rational system of ideas to oppose the irrational impulses of the mob. In political science, the term is used in a descriptive sense to refer to political belief systems.
Fraunhofer diffraction
In optics, the Fraunhofer diffraction equation is used to model the diffraction of waves when plane waves are incident on a diffracting object, and the diffraction pattern is viewed at a sufficiently long distance (a distance satisfying Fraunhofer condition) from the object (in the far-field region), and also when it is viewed at the focal plane of an imaging lens. In contrast, the diffraction pattern created near the diffracting object and  (in the near field region) is given by the Fresnel diffraction equation.

The equation was named in honor of Joseph von Fraunhofer although he was not actually involved in the development of the theory.

This article explains where the Fraunhofer equation can be applied, and shows Fraunhofer diffraction patterns for various apertures. A detailed mathematical treatment of Fraunhofer diffraction is given in Fraunhofer diffraction equation.

Lens
A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of refraction. A simple lens consists of a single piece of transparent material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually arranged along a common axis. Lenses are made from materials such as glass or plastic and are ground, polished, or molded to the required shape. A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly focus or disperse waves and radiation other than visible light are also called "lenses", such as microwave lenses, electron lenses, acoustic lenses, or explosive lenses.

Lenses are used in various imaging devices such as telescopes, binoculars, and cameras. They are also used as visual aids in glasses to correct defects of vision such as myopia and hypermetropia.
Riverdale, Missouri
Riverdale is an unincorporated community in western Christian County in southern Missouri, United States. The community lies on Finley Creek, approximately four miles southwest of Ozark and two miles east of the Christian - Stone county line. U.S. Route 160 is about one-half mile southwest of the site. The Finley is dammed at Riverdale.

Ozark, Missouri
Ozark is a city in and the county seat of Christian County, Missouri, United States, that is on Finley Creek. Its population was 21,284 as of the 2020 census.  Ozark is also the third largest city in the Springfield, Missouri Metropolitan Area, and is centered along a business loop of US 65, where it intersects with MO 14.
Fakira
Fakira is a 1976 Indian Hindi-language crime action film produced by N.N. Sippy and directed by C.P. Dixit. The film stars Shashi Kapoor, Shabana Azmi, Asrani, Aruna Irani, Danny Denzongpa, Asit Sen, Ramesh Deo and Madan Puri. The music is by Ravindra Jain.  The film became a box office hit and emerged as the 6th highest grossing film of the year.  The film's team of producer (N.N. Sippy), cast (Shashi Kapoor, Asrani, Danny Denzongpa, Madan Puri) and music composer (Ravindra Jain) had teamed together before for the box office hit Chor Machaye Shor (1974). Fakira was later remade into the Telugu film Dongalaku Donga (1978).

Hemlata (singer)
Hemlata (born 16 August 1954) is an Indian classically trained playback singer in Bollywood. She is best known for her songs in the late 1970s, especially Ankhiyon Ke Jharokhon Se song.

She was nominated for Filmfare Best Female Playback Award five times in the period of 1977–81 and won once for Chitchor in 1977 for her classical rendition of "Tu Jo Mere Sur Mein" which was duet with K.J. Yesudas, composed by Ravindra Jain.
Jan Van Steenberghe
Jan Van Steenberghe (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈjɑɱ vɑn ˈsteːmbɛrɣə]; born 4 July 1972) is a former Belgian football goalkeeper. He played most recently for F.C. Verbroedering Dender E.H., after being released from R.S.C. Anderlecht. His former clubs include Eendracht Aalst, R.A.A. Louviéroise and R.S.C. Anderlecht.

While at La Louvière he helped them win the 2002–03 Belgian Cup.

F.C.V. Dender E.H.
Football Club Verbroedering Dender Eendracht Hekelgem, also simply known as Dender or F.C.V. Dender, is a Belgian professional football club based in Denderleeuw. The club plays the 2025–26 season in the Belgian top division, the Pro League, after winning two promotions in three seasons. They rose to the top flight in the 2023–24 season by finishing 2nd in the Challenger Pro League that season.

The club is named after former clubs KFC Denderleeuw Eendracht Hekelgem and Verbroedering Denderhoutem, which merged at the end of the 2004–05 season, and after the river Dender, which crosses the town of Denderleeuw. The home stadium of the club is Florent Beeckmanstadion, located in Denderleeuw. Their best league ranking was 12th place in the first division (in 2024–25). The club colours are blue, red, white and black.
Muhammad Ateeq Shaikh
Mian Muhammad Ateeq Shaikh (Urdu: میاں محمد عتیق شیخ) is a Pakistani politician whio was a Member of Senate of Pakistan, affiliated with the Mutahidda Qaumi Movement.

He is a businessman by profession and is the founder and chief executive of the Shalimar Group of Companies.

Muttahida Qaumi Movement – Pakistan
Muttahida Qaumi Movement (Pakistan) (MQM-P) is a Pakistani political party with a liberal political position and a Muhajir nationalist ideology. The leader of the party is Khalid Maqbool Siddiqui. The party's symbol is the kite. It is mostly active in Karachi where the majority of Muhajirs currently reside. The party aims to represent the human rights of Muhajirs in Pakistan through peaceful and democratic struggle. The Party is a splinter faction of MQM-L.
Hulikal
Hulikal is a village located in the Hosanagara taluk of the Shimoga district in the Indian state of Karnataka and is known for its heavy rainfall. The Hulikal village lies in the  Western Ghat (Paschima ghatta in Kannada) region of Karnataka state. The range of ghat is known by the name Hulikal ghat or Balebare ghat. The road running between Hosangadi and Mastikatte through Hulikal ghati connects the coastal district of Udupi with Shivamogga (Shimoga) district. The Mani dam reservoir and Savehoklu reservoir are nearby. KPCL has its colony at Mastikatte near to Hulikal. The nearest airport is at Mangalore, situated 123 km south-west of Hulikal. It has an elevation of 600m.

Shimoga
Shimoga, officially Shivamogga (Kannada: [ʃiʋɐmoɡːɐ]), is a city and the district headquarters of Shimoga district in the Karnataka state of India. The city lies on the banks of the Tunga River. Being the gateway for the hilly region of the Western Ghats, the city is popularly nicknamed the "Gateway of Malnad". The population of Shimoga city is 322,650 as per 2011 census. The city has been selected for the Smart Cities Mission standing in the fourth position in the state and 25th in the country as of November 2020.

The city is 569 m above sea level and is surrounded by lush green paddy fields, arecanut and coconut groves. It is located 267 km from the state capital Bangalore and 195 km from the port city Mangalore.
Sea Wolf (bakery)
Sea Wolf (also known as Sea Wolf Bakers and Sea Wolf Bakery) is a bakery in Seattle's Fremont neighborhood, in the U.S. state of Washington. Jesse and Kit Schumann are co-owners; the brothers founded the business in 2014. The menu includes breads, pizza, cinnamon rolls, cookies, croissants, and other pastries. One savory croissant has zucchini, sunflower seed pesto, and pecorino.

In 2020, David Landsel included Sea Wolf in Food & Wine's list of the 100 best bakeries in the U.S.

Fremont, Seattle
Fremont is a neighborhood in northern Seattle, Washington, United States. Originally a separate city, it was annexed to Seattle in 1891. It is named after Fremont, Nebraska, the hometown of two of its founders: Luther H. Griffith and Edward Blewett.
Peter Daley
Peter John Daley, II (August 8, 1950 – June 1, 2022) was an American politician who was a Democratic member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing the 49th Legislative District until 2016. Daley decided to retire and not seek an 18th term in 2016. His district included portions of Fayette County and Washington County.

Fayette County, Pennsylvania
Fayette County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It is located in southwestern Pennsylvania, adjacent to Maryland and West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 128,804. Its county seat is Uniontown. The county was created on September 26, 1783, from part of Westmoreland County and named after the Marquis de Lafayette. The county is part of the Southwest region of the commonwealth.

Fayette County is part of the Pittsburgh, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area. The southern border of Fayette County is the southern border of Pennsylvania at both the Pennsylvania–Maryland state line (the Mason–Dixon line) and the Pennsylvania–West Virginia state line.
Fauna of Singapore
Singapore has about 65 species of mammals, 390 species of birds, 110 species of reptiles, 30 species of amphibians, more than 300 butterfly species, 127 dragonfly species, and over 2,000 recorded species of marine wildlife.

The Central Catchment Nature Reserve and the nearby Bukit Timah Nature Reserve are the stronghold of the remaining forest animals on the mainland. These enclose the only remnants of primary forest on the island. The former includes four reservoirs (MacRitchie, Upper Peirce, Lower Peirce, and Upper Seletar). The northeastern offshore islands of Pulau Ubin and Pulau Tekong are also rich in wildlife.

Other notable areas are Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve, Singapore Botanic Gardens, Bukit Batok Nature Park, and Pulau Semakau.

Upper Seletar Reservoir
Upper Seletar Reservoir (Malay: Takungan Air Upper Seletar, Chinese: 实里达蓄水池上段) is Singapore's third impounding reservoir, after MacRitchie Reservoir and Peirce Reservoir (now the Upper Peirce Reservoir and the Lower Peirce Reservoir). It is located within the Central Water Catchment area of Singapore island.
Export Bonus Scheme
The Export Bonus Scheme (EBS) was a dual exchange rate system implemented by the government of Ayub Khan from 1959 to 1972. It was introduced to address foreign exchange shortages and support industrialization. In practice, it amounted to an effective devaluation of the Pakistani rupee for selected sectors. Although the EBS increased manufactured exports, it was later criticized for creating inefficiencies, distorting resource allocation, and widening regional income disparities between West Pakistan and East Pakistan (now Bangladesh).

Resource allocation
In economics, resource allocation is the assignment of available resources to various uses. In the context of an entire economy, resources can be allocated by various means, such as markets, or planning.

In project management, resource allocation or resource management is the scheduling of activities and the resources required by those activities while taking into consideration both the resource availability and the project time.
Red Foster (baseball)
Charles B. Foster, nicknamed "Red" or "Alabama Red", was an American Negro league first baseman between 1907 and 1911.

Foster made his Negro leagues debut in 1907 with the Birmingham Giants, and played for Birmingham again the following season. He went on to play for the San Antonio Black Bronchos, Oklahoma Monarchs, Kansas City Giants, and Kansas City Royal Giants through 1911.

Kansas City Royal Giants
The Kansas City Royal Giants were an independent Negro leagues baseball team, based in Kansas City, Missouri, from 1910 to 1912, along with their Kansas rival, the Kansas City Giants. The Kansas City Royal Giants played home games at Shelley Park.
Diré
Diré is a town and commune on the left bank of the Niger River in the Tombouctou Region of Mali. In the 2009 census the population of the commune was 22,365. The town is the administrative center of the Diré Cercle.  There are several languages spoken, but the main language is Songhay. The population is predominantly Muslim. Situated on the Niger River, the principal industries are agriculture and commerce.

Tombouctou Region
Tombouctou Region or Timbuktu Region (Bambara: ߕߎߡߎߕߎ ߘߌߣߋߖߊ, Tumutu Dineja) is one of the administrative regions of Mali. For administrative purposes, the region is subdivided into five cercles.

The region is part of northern Mali that was separated and declared independent by the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) during the Tuareg rebellion of 2012. In the course of the conflict, the MNLA lost control of the territory to Islamist militias.

Tombouctou Region is world-famous for its capital, the ancient city Timbuktu (French: Tombouctou), synonymous to 19th-century Europeans with an elusive, hard-to-reach destination. The city gained fame in 1390 when its ruler, Mansa Musa I, went on a pilgrimage to Mecca, stopping with his entourage in Egypt and dispensing enough gold to devalue the Egyptian currency. This started the legend of a city in the interior of Africa, where roads were said to be paved with gold and buildings topped with roofs of gold.
Breathless (1983 film)
Breathless is a 1983 American neo-noir romantic thriller film directed by Jim McBride, written by McBride and L. M. Kit Carson, and starring Richard Gere and Valérie Kaprisky. It is a remake of the 1960 French film of the same name directed by Jean-Luc Godard and written by Godard and François Truffaut. The original film is about an American woman and a French criminal in Paris, while the remake is vice versa in Los Angeles.

Neo-noir
Neo-noir is a film genre from the 1970s, in the era of New Hollywood, which is primarily associated with the subversion and visual style of classic film noir tropes, adapting the themes of 1940s and 1950s American film noir for contemporary audiences, often with vibrant colors and high-contrast, more graphic depictions of violence or sexuality, thematic motifs, and nonlinear narrative or editing.

During the 1970s and the mid 1980s, the term "neo-noir" surged in popularity, fueled by movies such as Roman Polanski’s Chinatown (1974), Martin Scorsese's Taxi Driver (1976), Sydney Pollack's Absence of Malice (1981), Ridley Scott’s Blade Runner (1982), Paul Verhoeven's The Fourth Man (1983 film) and David Lynch’s Blue Velvet (1986). The French term film noir translates literally to English as "black film", indicating sinister stories often presented in a shadowy cinematographic style. Neo-noir has a similar style but with updated themes, content, style, and visual elements.
1972 DGWS Outdoor Track and Field Championships
The 1972 DGWS Outdoor Track And Field Championships were the 4th annual Division for Girls' and Women's Sports-sanctioned track meet to determine the individual and team national champions of women's collegiate track and field events in the United States. They were contested May 12−13, 1972 in Knoxville, Tennessee at the Tom Black Track by host University of Tennessee.

There were not separate Division I, II, and III championships for outdoor track and field until 1981. The meet would be called the DGWS Championships until 1972, after which the DGWS changed its name to the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women (AIAW).

The meeting was highlighted by Sherry Calvert's 58.52 m throw in the javelin, at the time the best mark in the U.S. that year and among the best in the world despite the competition being hindered by rain. The Cal State East Bay Pioneers (then known as Cal State Hayward) won the team title by 33 points over a field of 48 schools.

Tom Black Track at LaPorte Stadium
Tom Black Track at LaPorte Stadium is home to the University of Tennessee Volunteers men's and women's outdoor track and field teams.  It is located in the heart of the university's campus in Knoxville, Tennessee.
Pinoy Idol
Pinoy Idol (transl. Filipino idol) is a 2008 Philippine television interactive reality competition show broadcast by GMA Network. Created and developed by FremantleMedia and 19 Entertainment, the program is a franchise of Pop Idol created by British entertainment executive Simon Fuller, the show is the second incarnation of Philippine Idol.

Hosted by Raymond Gutierrez, with Ogie Alcasid (singer, songwriter, and record producer), Jolina Magdangal (singer and actress), and Wyngard Tracy (retired talent manager) as judges, it premiered on April 4, 2008. The show concluded on August 17, 2008, with a total of 37 episodes.

Interactive television
Interactive television is a form of media convergence, adding data services to traditional television technology. It has included on-demand delivery of content, online shopping, and viewer polls. Interactive TV is an example of how new information technology can be integrated vertically into established technologies and commercial structures.
Clewlow
Clewlow is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Frank Clewlow (1885–1957), English-born Australian actor and theatre director

Melanie Clewlow (born 1976), English field hockey player

Sid Clewlow (1919–1989), English footballer

Frank Clewlow
Frank Dawson Clewlow (October–December 1885 – 13 June 1957) also known under pseudonym of Stafford Dawson, was an English-born actor, director, stage and radio producer and theatre manager, he worked in his native England, as well as Scotland during the 1910s and 1920s, before emigrating to Australia in 1926 where he continued his career and in 1936 he became Federal Controller of Productions for the Australian Broadcasting Commission (later Corporation – ABC).
Nowy Przybysław
Nowy Przybysław [ˈnɔvɨ pʂɨˈbɨswaf] (formerly German Neu Pribslaff) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Świdwin, within Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) south-west of Świdwin and 87 km (54 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Świdwin
Świdwin [ˈɕfidvin] (German: Schivelbein; Kashubian: Skwilbëno) is a town in West Pomeranian Voivodeship of northwestern Poland. It is the capital of Świdwin County, and the administrative seat of Gmina Świdwin. Świdwin is situated in the historic Pomerania region on the left bank of the Rega river, about 100 km (62 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin and 44 km (27 mi) south of the Baltic coast at Kołobrzeg. In 2018 the town had a population of 15,725.
Joseph Brannigan
Joseph C. Brannigan (July 16, 1931 – January 17, 2015) was an American social worker and politician from Maine. Brannigan served as a Democratic State Senator from Maine's 10th District, representing part of Portland and Westbrook. Prior to joining the State Senate, he represented part of suburban Portland in District 117 from 2000 to 2006 in the Maine House of Representatives.

Maine Senate
44°18′26″N 69°46′54″W﻿ / ﻿44.307138°N 69.781586°W﻿ / 44.307138; -69.781586

The Maine Senate is the upper house of the Maine Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Maine. The Senate currently consists of 35 members representing an equal number of districts across the state, though the Maine Constitution allows for "an odd number of Senators, not less than 31 nor more than 35". Unlike the lower House, the Senate does not set aside nonvoting seats for Native tribes.  Because it is a part-time position, members of the Maine Senate usually have outside employment as well.

The Senate meets at the Maine State House in Augusta. Members are limited to four consecutive terms with each term being two years but may run again after a two-year wait.
Timothy Wallace House
Timothy Wallace House is a historic home located at Rochester in Monroe County, New York. It was constructed about 1840 for farmer Timothy Wallace and is a typical example of a regional farmhouse. It is an intact representative example of vernacular Greek Revival style architecture in Western New York. The original structure featured a two-story main block with flanking wings that was added to and modified throughout the 19th and 20th centuries.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

Monroe County, New York
Monroe County is a county in the U.S. state of New York, located along Lake Ontario's southern shore. As of 2022, the population was 752,035, according to Census Bureau estimates. Its county seat and largest city is Rochester. The county is named after James Monroe, the fifth president of the United States. Monroe County is part of the upstate Rochester, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.