hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Akselsundet
Akselsundet is a sound between Van Mijenfjorden and Bellsund at Spitsbergen,  Svalbard. It has a width of about 1.2 kilometers, located north of Akseløya, and is the main entrance to Van Mijenfjorden. There are strong tidal currents in the strait, up to five to six knots. The entrance is marked by a light at Birkelandodden, the northern point of Akseløya.

Van Mijenfjorden
Van Mijenfjorden is the third-longest fjord in Norway's Svalbard archipelago. It lies in the southern portion of Spitsbergen island, south of Nordenskiöld Land and north of Nathorst Land. The fjord is 83 km (52 mi) long, being separated from Bellsund further out by Akseløya and Mariaholmen. The settlement of Sveagruva lies on the fjord's north bank.

The fjord is named after the Dutch whaler Willem Cornelisz. van Muyden, who was involved in the trade in 1612 and 1613. Van Mijenfjorden (an obvious corruption of Van Muyden's name) was originally called Lowe Sound, while the small cove north of Axel Island (at the mouth of the fjord) was called Van Muyden's Haven. This latter name was moved from its proper location by Giles and Rep (c. 1710) and "floated over" to where modern cartographers now wrongly place it.
Body text
Body text or body copy, or running text, is the text forming the main content of a book, magazine, web page, or any other printed or digital work. This is as a contrast to both additional components such as headings, images, charts, footnotes etc. on each page, and also the pages of front matter that form the introduction to a book.

Body text has two slightly different meanings, depending on context. A book designer, concerned with the overall sequence of a book, regards it as those pages that form the majority of a book, containing the body of text or body matter. A typesetter concerned instead with the layout of text on a page sees 'body text' as being those sections of the main text that are flowed into columns or justified as paragraphs, as distinct from the headings and any pictures that are floated out of the main body.

Web page
A web page, or webpage, is a Web document that is accessed in a web browser. A website typically consists of many web pages linked together under a common domain name. The term "web page" is therefore a metaphor of paper pages bound together into a book.
Josh Kirby... Time Warrior!
Josh Kirby... Time Warrior! is a direct-to-video film series in six installments which formed one story arc, with the first five films ending with a cliffhanger.

The series produced by Charles Band's Moonbeam Entertainment in association with The Kushner-Locke Company and released by Paramount between 1995 and 1996, featuring the fictional character Josh Kirby played by Corbin Allred. The series was described as in the "tradition of Buck Rogers, Flash Gordon and Captain Marvel".

Derek Webster (actor)
Derek Webster is an American actor best known for the role of Raleigh Jordan in the 1997-1999 superhero TV series Night Man. He is also known for his roles in In the Dark, 9-1-1: Lone Star, NCIS: New Orleans, CSI: Vegas and Mayor of Kingstown.
Watchorn Provincial Park
Watchorn Provincial Park is located in Interlake Region of Manitoba, Canada on the eastern shore of Lake Manitoba. The park lies within the Rural Municipality of Grahamdale, 12 km (7 mi) west of Moosehorn and 210 km (130 mi) northwest of Winnipeg. The park is 10.78 ha (26.6 acres) in size and was established in 1961.

Interlake Region
The Interlake Region is an informal geographic region of the Canadian province of Manitoba that lies roughly between Lake Winnipeg and Lake Manitoba.

The region comprises 14 rural municipalities, one city (Selkirk), six towns (Arborg, Riverton, Stonewall, Gimli, Teulon and Winnipeg Beach), and one village (Dunnottar). The largest population centre in the region is Selkirk, and the second largest is the town of Stonewall.

Argyle is a small hamlet that is located on the Principal Meridian of Canada, near the middle of the Interlake Region. 
Sandy Hook is located between Winnipeg Beach and Gimli, a popular summer vacation spot.
Sakaria Nashandi
Sakaria Zaa Nashandi (born 8 July 1949 in Onayena) is a Namibian politician, businessman and an ex-Robben Island political prisoner. He is a recognised National Hero of Namibia for his contributions to the independence of the country.

Nashandi attended school in Onayena and was actively involved in the Ovamboland People's Congress, the predecessor of SWAPO.

He owns several small businesses in and around Onayena. Nashandi married Kauna Nashandi, a former mayor of Ondangwa, who died in Windhoek in  2013.

Onayena Constituency
Onayena Constituency is an electoral constituency in the Oshikoto Region of Namibia. The district capital is the settlement of Onayena.

The constituency's population has grown significantly over recent years, dominated by the Ovambo language speaking people and a small group of San people. It had 15,684 inhabitants in 2004 and 8,550 registered voters in 2020.
Shooting at the 1982 Commonwealth Games
Shooting at the 1982 Commonwealth Games was the fourth appearance of Shooting at the Commonwealth Games. The events were held in Brisbane, Australia, from 30 September to 9 October 1982 and featured contests in twenty disciplines, compared to just six in 1978.

The events took place at the Belmont Shooting Complex.

Australia topped the shooting medal table by virtue of winning seven gold medals.

1982 Commonwealth Games
The 1982 Commonwealth Games were held in Brisbane, Australia, from 30 September to 9 October 1982. The Opening Ceremony was held at the QEII Stadium (named after Elizabeth II), in the Brisbane suburb of Nathan. The QEII Stadium was also the athletics and archery events venue. Other events were held at the purpose-built Sleeman Sports Complex in Chandler.

The Chairman of the 1982 Commonwealth Games was Sir Edward Williams. The 1982 Commonwealth Games Logo was designed by Hugh Edwards. The symbol is derived from the form of a bounding kangaroo. The three bands, forming stylized A's (for Australia), and is in colours which are common to flags of many Commonwealth countries.

The mascot for the games was also designed by Hugh Edwards and is a caricature of a kangaroo was named Matilda. A 13-meter-high (43-foot) mechanical kangaroo travelled around the stadium and winked at the crowd.

The event was officially opened by The Duke of Edinburgh and closed by Elizabeth II.
Appalachian dulcimer
The Appalachian dulcimer (many variant names; see below) is a fretted string instrument of the zither family, typically with three or four strings, originally played in the Appalachian region of the United States.

The body extends the length of the fingerboard, and its fretting is generally diatonic.

Course (music)
In organology, a course is either one string or two or more adjacent strings that are closely spaced relative to the other strings, and typically played as a single string. The strings in each multiple-string course are typically tuned in unison or an octave.

Normally, the term course is used to refer to a single string only on an instrument that also has multi-string courses. For example, a nine-string baroque guitar has five courses: most are two-string courses but sometimes the lowest or the highest consists of a single string.

An instrument with at least one multiple-string course is referred to as coursed, while one whose strings are all played individually is uncoursed.
My Backyard Was a Mountain
My Backyard Was a Mountain is a 2005 multiple award winning AFI short film by Puerto Rican American writer and director Adam Schlachter and producer Austin Wakefield.

Schlachter first filmed a black-and-white version of the movie in 2004 called Palmarejo to secure financing for his project. He was the recipient of multiple grants, including The Caucus Foundation's Gold Circle Award and Hispanic Scholarship Fund's HSF / McNamara Family Creative Arts Project Grant. It has won many awards, including Best Short or Student Film at the 2006 Imagen Awards. Much of the cast of the earlier version was invited to reprise their roles for My Backyard Was a Mountain. The movie premiered on October 23, 2005 at the Arclight Hollywood Film Festival and is currently available for download on iTunes.

Imagen Awards
The Imagen Awards are administered by the Imagen Foundation, an organization dedicated to "encouraging and recognizing the positive portrayals of Latinos in the entertainment industry." To be considered for an Imagen Award, a media piece or person must go through an entry process. Helen Hernandez is president of the Imagen Foundation.
Milwaukee Panthers
The Milwaukee Panthers are the athletic teams representing the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee. They compete as a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I level, competing in the Horizon League for all sports since the 1994–95 season. A total of 13 Panthers athletic teams compete in NCAA Division I. The Panthers have won the James J. McCafferty Trophy as the Horizon League's all-sports champions seven times since 2000.

Patrick Baldwin Jr.
Patrick O'Neal Baldwin Jr. (born November 18, 2002) is an American professional basketball player for the Sacramento Kings of the National Basketball Association (NBA), on a two-way contract with the Stockton Kings of the NBA G League. He played college basketball for the Milwaukee Panthers. He was a consensus five-star recruit and one of the top players in the 2021 class.
1900 North Sligo by-election
The 1900 North Sligo by-election was a Parliamentary by-election held on 7 March 1900. The constituency returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.

The seat had become vacant following the resignation of the incumbent Irish Parliamentary Party MP, Bernard Collery who had been elected for the Irish National Federation (Anti-Parnellite). Collery vacated his Parliamentary seat by being appointed Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds on 27 January 1900. Collery had been Member of Parliament for the constituency since the 1891 by-election.

Irish Parliamentary Party
The Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP; commonly called the Irish Party or the Home Rule Party) was formed in 1874 by Isaac Butt, the leader of the Nationalist Party, replacing the Home Rule League, as official parliamentary party for Irish nationalist Members of Parliament (MPs) elected to the House of Commons at Westminster within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland up until 1918. Its central objectives were legislative independence for Ireland and land reform. Its constitutional movement was instrumental in laying the groundwork for Irish self-government through three Irish Home Rule bills.
County of Blachford
County of Blachford is a cadastral unit located in the Australian state of South Australia that covers land between the east coast of Lake Torrens and the western side of the Flinders Ranges about 90 kilometres (56 mi) north-east of the city of Port Augusta.  It was proclaimed in 1877 and named after Frederic Rogers, 1st Baron Blachford who was the Under Secretary of State for the Colonies from 1860 to 1871.  It has been partially divided in the following sub-units of hundreds – Barndioota, Cotabena, Warrakimbo, Wonoka and Woolyana.

Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies
The under-secretary of state for the colonies was a junior ministerial post in the United Kingdom government, subordinate to the secretary of state for the colonies and, from 1948, also to a minister of state.
Federico Galera (mountaineer)
Federico Galera Díez (born 11 February 1978) is a Spanish ski mountaineer and mountain runner.

Galera  was born in Madrid. He started ski mountaineering in 1996 and competed first in the same year. His twin brother Carlos is also a ski mountaineer.

Mountain running
Mountain running is a sports discipline which takes place mainly off-road in mountainous terrain, but if there is significant elevation gain on the route, surfaced roads may be used. In this it differs from fell running; its courses are more clearly marked and avoid dangerous sections. It is a form of trail running if it is run on unpaved surfaces. Mountain running is a combination of running, jogging, and walking, depending on how steep the trail is.

It is recognized by World Athletics and governed by the World Mountain Running Association, which has been organising world championships since 1985.
Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate
Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate (calcium stearoyl lactylate or CSL) or E482 is a versatile,  FDA approved food additive.  It is one type of a commercially available lactylate.  CSL is  non-toxic, biodegradable, and typically manufactured using  biorenewable feedstocks.  Because CSL is a safe and highly effective food additive, it is used in a wide variety of products from  baked goods and  desserts to packaging.

As described by the  Food Chemicals Codex 7th edition, CSL is a cream-colored powder.  CSL is currently manufactured by the esterification of stearic acid and lactic acid with partial neutralization using food-grade hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide).  Commercial grade CSL is a mixture of calcium salts of stearoyl lactic acid, with minor proportions of other salts of related acids.  The  HLB for CSL is 5.1.  It is slightly soluble in hot water.  The pH of a 2% aqueous suspension is approximately 4.7.

Toxicity
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity). Sometimes the word is more or less synonymous with poisoning in everyday usage.

A central concept of toxicology is that the effects of a toxicant are dose-dependent; even water can lead to water intoxication when taken in too high a dose, whereas for even a very toxic substance such as snake venom there is a dose below which there is no detectable toxic effect. Toxicity is species-specific, making cross-species analysis problematic. Newer paradigms and metrics are evolving to bypass animal testing, while maintaining the concept of toxicity endpoints.
Arboretum Saint-Antoine
48°02′N 3°55′E﻿ / ﻿48.04°N 3.91°E﻿ / 48.04; 3.91
The Arboretum Saint-Antoine, also known as the Arboretum d'Ervy-le-Châtel, is an arboretum located in Ervy-le-Châtel, Aube, Champagne-Ardenne, France. It is open weekdays but closed in July and August.

The arboretum dates from the 18th century, and is located on the grounds of Saint Antoine church. It contains more than 700 types of conifers, three hundred Japanese maples, and about a hundred magnolias.

Acer palmatum
Acer palmatum, commonly known as Japanese maple, palmate maple, or smooth Japanese maple (Korean: danpungnamu [단풍나무]; Japanese: irohamomiji [イロハモミジ] or momiji [紅葉]), is a species of woody plant native to Korea, Japan, China, eastern Mongolia, and southeast Russia. Many different cultivars of this maple have been selected and they are grown worldwide for their large variety of attractive forms, leaf shapes, and spectacular colors.
Ferenc Rónay
Ferenc Rónay or Francisc Rónay (29 April 1900 – 6 April 1967) was a Hungarian-Romanian footballer and manager.

Rónay was the first ever scorer of the Romania national football team, giving them the equaliser against Yugoslavia in their debut, part of the 1922 King Alexander's Cup. Romania went on to win the game 2–1 thanks to Aurel Guga. He was also part of Romania's squad for the football tournament at the 1924 Summer Olympics, but he did not play in any matches. He played for most of his career in Club Atletic Oradea jersey, club for which he played in over 120 matches and scored over 130 goals. Rónay was a football star of the 1920s in Romania and a fearsome striker.

Yugoslavia national football team
The Yugoslavia national football team represented Yugoslavia in international association football.

Although the team mainly represented the pre-war Kingdom of Yugoslavia and the post-war SFR Yugoslavia, various iterations of the state were formally constituted in football, including the:

Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1918–1929)

Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1929–1945)

Democratic Federal Yugoslavia (1945)

Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1963)

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1963–1992)

It enjoyed success in international competition, reaching the semi-finals at the 1930 and 1962 FIFA World Cups. In 1992, during the Yugoslav wars, the team was suspended from international competition as part of the United Nations sanctions on Yugoslavia.
Lorraine TGV station
Lorraine TGV station (French: Gare de Lorraine TGV, also known as Metz-Cambrousse) is a railway station located in Louvigny, France, on the LGV Est, a high-speed rail line running from Paris to Strasbourg. Opened in 2007 as part of the first phase of the new line, it is situated near Metz–Nancy–Lorraine Airport, between the cities of Metz and Nancy. As the two other new LGV Est stations (Gare de Champagne-Ardenne TGV and Gare de Meuse TGV) it is served by TGV inOui and Ouigo services.

When built, it was criticised for being too far from any of the towns to be useful. There have been many political disputes since the 1990s to decide if it should be rebuilt at Vandières, Meurthe-et-Moselle, connected with the Metz–Nancy railway line (TER Grand Est). It was the subject of a local referendum in February 2015, in which the majority of votes (58%) were against moving the station to Vandières, but voter turnout was very low (10%). As a result, the project was abandoned.

TER Grand Est
TER Grand Est, operating under the brand TER Fluo, is the regional rail network serving the region of Grand Est, northeastern France. It is operated by the French national railway company SNCF on behalf of the region. It was formed in 2016 from the previous TER networks TER Alsace, TER Lorraine and TER Champagne-Ardenne, when the respective regions were merged.
Strongly connected component
In the mathematical theory of directed graphs, a graph is said to be strongly connected if every vertex is reachable from every other vertex. The strongly connected components of a directed graph form a partition into subgraphs that are strongly connected themselves. It is possible to test the strong connectivity of a graph, or to find its strongly connected components, in linear time (that is, Θ(V + E)).

Partition of a set
In mathematics, a partition of a set is a grouping of its elements into non-empty subsets, in such a way that every element is included in exactly one subset.

Every equivalence relation on a set defines a partition of this set, and every partition defines an equivalence relation. A set equipped with an equivalence relation or a partition is sometimes called a setoid, typically in type theory and proof theory.
Scanavino
Scanavino is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonella Scanavino (born 1992), Uruguayan swimmer, daughter of Carlos

Carlos Scanavino (born 1964), Uruguayuan swimmer

Emilio Scanavino (1922–1986), Italian painter and sculptor

Peter Scanavino (born 1980), American actor

Peter Scanavino
Peter Muller Scanavino (born February 29, 1980) is an American actor. He stars as detective turned ADA Dominick "Sonny" Carisi Jr. in the long-running NBC crime/legal drama series Law & Order: Special Victims Unit.
Bamazomus hunti
Bamazomus hunti is a species of schizomid arachnid (commonly known as a short-tailed whip-scorpion) in the Hubbardiidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2001 by Australian arachnologist Mark Harvey. The specific epithet hunti honours Glenn Hunt, an arachnid enthusiast.

Hubbardiidae
Hubbardiidae is a family of arachnids, superficially resembling spiders. It is the larger of the two extant families of the order, Schizomida, and is divided into two subfamilies. The family is based on the description published by Orator F. Cook in 1899. The American Arachnological Society assigns the common name hubbardiid shorttailed whipscorpion to members of this family.
Six Memos for the Next Millennium
Six Memos for the Next Millennium (Italian: Lezioni americane. Sei proposte per il prossimo millennio) is a book based on a series of lectures written by Italo Calvino for the Charles Eliot Norton Lectures at Harvard, though Calvino died before delivering them. The lectures were written in Italian but were to be given in English in the fall of 1985. There have been two English translations, the first by Patrick Creagh, published in 1988, and the second by Geoffrey Brock, published in 2016.

The "memos" are lectures on certain literary qualities whose virtues Calvino wished to recommend to the then-approaching millennium. He intended to devote one lecture to each of six qualities: lightness, quickness, exactitude, visibility, multiplicity, and consistency. Though he completed the first five, he died before writing the last.

Charles Eliot Norton Lectures
The Charles Eliot Norton Professorship of Poetry at Harvard University was established in 1925 as an annual lectureship in "poetry in the broadest sense" and named for the university's former professor of fine arts.  Distinguished creative figures and scholars in the arts, including painting, architecture, and music deliver customarily six lectures.  The lectures are usually dated by the academic year in which they are given, though sometimes by just the calendar year.

Many but not all of the Norton Lectures have subsequently been published by the Harvard University Press.  The following table lists all the published lecture series, with academic year given and year of publication, together with unpublished lectures as are known.  Titles under which the lectures were published are not necessarily titles under which they were given.
Hugo Castro Jiménez
Hugo Castro Jiménez (1922 – 24 July 2009) was a Chilean naval officer who attained the rank of vice admiral and served as Minister of Public Education from 1973 to 1975 during the military government of General Augusto Pinochet.

He was among the first senior officers of the Chilean Navy involved in the planning and execution of the 1973 Chilean coup d'état and was considered a close ally of Admiral José Toribio Merino.

Ministry of Education (Chile)
The Ministry of Education (Spanish: Ministerio de Educación, MINEDUC) is the Ministry of State responsible for promoting the development of education at all levels, to assure all people access to basic education, to stimulate scientific and technological research and artistic creation, and the protection and enhancement of cultural heritage of the nation of Chile.

The current Minister of Education, since 16 August 2023, is Nicolás Cataldo.
Matania Anantapur railway station
Matania Anantapur railway station is part of the Kolkata Suburban Railway system and operated by Eastern Railway. It is located on the Barasat–Hasnabad line in North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

North 24 Parganas district
North 24 Parganas (abv. 24 PGS (N)) or sometimes North Twenty Four Parganas is a district in southern West Bengal, of eastern India. North 24 Parganas extends in the tropical zone from latitude 22° 11′ 6″ north to 23° 15′ 2″ north and from longitude 88º20' east to 89º5' east.  Barasat is the district headquarters of North 24 Parganas. North 24 Parganas is West Bengal's most populous district and also (since 2014) the most populated district in the whole of India. It is the tenth-largest district in the State by area.