hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nukuoro
Nukuoro is an atoll in the Federated States of Micronesia. It is a municipality of the state of Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia. It is the second southernmost atoll of the country, after Kapingamarangi. They both are Polynesian outliers. As of 2007, Nukuoro had a population of 372, though several hundred Nukuorans live on Pohnpei. Fishing, animal husbandry, and agriculture (taro and copra) are the main occupations. A recent project to farm black pearl oysters has been successful at generating additional income for the island's people.

Nukuoro is remote. It has no airstrip, and a passenger boat calls irregularly only once every few months. The island has no tourism except for the occasional visit by passing sailing yachts. There is a 4-room schoolhouse but children over the age of 14 must travel to Pohnpei to attend high school.

Tahitian pearl
The Tahitian pearl (or black pearl)   poé (pearl in Te Reo Tahiti) poérava (black pearl in Te Reo Tahiti) is an organic gem formed from the black lip oyster (Pinctada margaritifera). These pearls derive their name from the fact that they are primarily cultivated around the islands of French Polynesia, around Tahiti.
Taniec z gwiazdami season 7
The 7th season of Taniec z gwiazdami, the Polish edition of Dancing with the Stars, started on 2 March 2008 and ended on 25 May 2008. It was broadcast by TVN. Katarzyna Skrzynecka and Piotr Gąsowski continued as the hosts, and the judges were: Iwona Szymańska-Pavlović, Zbigniew Wodecki, Beata Tyszkiewicz and Piotr Galiński.

On 25 May, Magdalena Walach and her partner Cezary Olszewski were crowned the champions.

Katarzyna Skrzynecka
Katarzyna Barbara Skrzynecka (born 3 December 1970) is a Polish actress and singer. She appeared in the comedy television series Bao-Bab, czyli zielono mi in 2003.

Skrzynecka won the first season of Polsat's show Twoja twarz brzmi znajomo, choosing to perform as Sarah Brightman and Andrea Bocelli's "Time to Say Goodbye" in the final. She is now a judge on the panel of the show.
V&A Digital Futures
V&A Digital Futures is a series of events organized by the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) in the area of digital art.

Digital Futures events are organized by Irini Papadimitriou of the V&A, who started the events in 2012, some at the V&A museum itself and some elsewhere around London especially but also elsewhere in the United Kingdom. Some Digital Futures events have been held in conjunction with the annual EVA London conference. There are some associated publications.

The V&A museum has a significant collection of computer art.

Computer art
Computer art is art in which computers play a role in the production or display of the artwork. Such art can be an image, sound, animation, video, CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, video game, website, algorithm, performance or gallery installation. Many traditional disciplines are now integrating digital technologies and, as a result, the lines between traditional works of art and new media works created using computers has been blurred. For instance, an artist may combine traditional painting with algorithm art and other digital techniques.   As a result, defining computer art by its end product can thus be difficult.  Computer art is bound to change over time since changes in technology and software directly affect what is possible.
Hymenoxys vaseyi
Hymenoxys vaseyi is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae. It is native to the Southwestern United States. The specific epithet vaseyi honors the American plant collector George Richard Vasey (not to be confused with his father George Vasey) who made extensive collections in the region in 1880 and 1881. The species is commonly called Vasey's rubberweed.

Botanical specimen
A botanical specimen, also called a plant specimen, is a biological specimen of a plant (or part of a plant) used for scientific purposes. Preserved collections of algae, fungi, slime molds, and other organisms traditionally studied by botanists are also considered to be botanical specimens. Plant specimens are usually preserved by drying and pressing using a basic technique that is more than 500 years old. Other examples of preserved specimens include loose seeds, wood sections, and microscope slides. A facility devoted to the curation of a collection of botanical specimens is known as a herbarium.

A person who gathers botanical specimens is called a botanical collector (or plant collector). Plant collecting is an essential botanical activity with a very long history. Some plant science journals require botanical specimens as a condition for publication of articles.
Corporate alumni
Corporate alumni are former employees of an organization. The term "corporate" is prefaced to recognize the difference from "alumni" who are graduates or former students of universities, colleges or schools.

Corporate alumni programs are commonplace among larger organizations in niche labor fields with a primary focus on boomerang hires.

Fostering of corporate alumni was recognized as an organizational value by Reid Hoffman, founder of LinkedIn, in his book The Alliance. In 2018 Deloitte recognized in their annual business transformation report that "the employee experience doesn't end at the exit interview".

Examples of corporations with corporate alumni programs include: P&G, HSBC, Nestle, Accenture, McKinsey and Pearson, and professional services organizations such as McKinsey & Company are often cited in the news for their prominent alumni who include CEOs of organizations including Google, Morgan Stanley, Boeing and others.

Reid Hoffman
Reid Garrett Hoffman (born August 5, 1967) is an American Internet entrepreneur, venture capitalist, podcaster, and author. Hoffman is the co-founder and former executive chairman of LinkedIn, a business-oriented social network used primarily for professional networking. He is also chairman of venture capital firm Village Global, a co-founder of Inflection AI, a co-founder of Manas AI, and a board member at Arc Institute.

Hoffman has been an influential figure in political circles, being a member of the Bilderberg Group since at least 2011 and the Council on Foreign Relations since 2015. He has actively participated in political funding and advocacy, contributing to various campaigns and organizations, and has been a vocal proponent of democratic institutions and humanism in technological innovation. As of 2025, Forbes estimates his net worth to be $2.6 billion.
Sauge
Sauge (French pronunciation: [soʒ]) is a municipality in the Jura bernois administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. It is located in the French-speaking Bernese Jura (Jura Bernois).  On 1 January 2014 the former municipalities of Plagne and Vauffelin merged into the municipality of Sauge.

Erguel
Erguël is a medieval seigniory of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Basel, and under protectorate of Biel/Bienne, under military jurisdiction from 1335, in the now called valley of St.-Imier, in the now Bernese Jura, Switzerland.

The Sire of the area used to live in the Château d'Erguel.
Backstepping
In control theory, backstepping is a technique developed circa 1990 by Petar V. Kokotovic, and others  for designing stabilizing controls for a special class of nonlinear dynamical systems. These systems are built from subsystems that radiate out from an irreducible subsystem that can be stabilized using some other method. Because of this recursive structure, the designer can start the design process at the known-stable system and "back out" new controllers that progressively stabilize each outer subsystem. The process terminates when the final external control is reached. Hence, this process is known as backstepping.

Adaptive control
Adaptive control is the control method used by a controller which must adapt to a controlled system with parameters which vary, or are initially uncertain. For example, as an aircraft flies, its mass will slowly decrease as a result of fuel consumption; a control law is needed that adapts itself to such changing conditions. Adaptive control is different from robust control in that it does not need a priori information about the bounds on these uncertain or time-varying parameters; robust control guarantees that if the changes are within given bounds the control law need not be changed, while adaptive control is concerned with control law changing itself.
Omar Brown (sprinter, born 1982)
Omar O. Brown (born 21 June 1982 in Trelawny) is a Jamaican sprinter who specialises in the 200 metres.

He was successful as a junior athlete, winning the silver and bronze medals in the 200 m and 100 metres races at the 1999 World Youth Championships. The following year he finished fourth at the World Junior Championships. He ran collegiately for the University of Arkansas.

He won the 200 metres race at the 2006 Commonwealth Games, and was ranked ninth in the world for the 200 metres that year by Track and Field News magazine.

He suffered a setback in 2007 the form of an ankle injury. He returned at the 2008 Jamaican trials but suffered a hamstring injury, caused by a faulty technique due to pain in his ankle. He underwent surgery in September 2008 to remove a bone spur, but the scar tissue from the surgery hampered his track comeback. He did not return until the end of the 2009 season, taking fourth place in the 200 m at the Shanghai Golden Grand Prix.

Athletics at the 2006 Commonwealth Games – Men's 200 metres
The 200 metres at the 2006 Commonwealth Games as part of the athletics programme were held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on Wednesday 22 March and Thursday 23 March 2006.

The top three runners in each of the initial eight heats automatically qualified for the second round. The next eight fastest runners from across the heats also qualified. Those 32 runners competed in 4 heats in the second round, with the top four runners from each heat qualifying for the semifinals. There were two semifinals, and only the top four from each heat advanced to the final.
Don Leshnock
Donald Lee Leshnock (November 25, 1946 – May 5, 2012) was an American professional baseball left-handed pitcher, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Detroit Tigers, in 1972.

Leshnock’s entire big league career consisted of one inning of relief, for Detroit, on June 7, 1972, when the Tigers hosted the California Angels. He did not allow an earned run, giving up two hits, and no walks, while striking out two of the five batters he faced.

Leshnock attended Youngstown State University, where he played college baseball for the Penguins, (1965, Junior Varsity) and (1966–1968, Varsity) and was inducted into the Youngstown State Athletic Hall of Fame, in 1986.

Besides Leshnock‘s brief MLB stint, he pitched eight seasons of Minor League Baseball, from 1968 to 1975.

Youngstown State Penguins
The Youngstown State Penguins are the athletic teams of Youngstown State University in Youngstown, Ohio. The university is a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's (NCAA) Division I, and the Penguins compete in football as members of the Missouri Valley Football Conference. Most other sports compete as members of the Horizon League.
Jason Ong Khan Lee
Jason Ong Khan Lee is a Malaysian politician from PKR. He was the Member of Penang State Legislative Assembly for Kebun Bunga from 2008 to 2013 and from 2018 to 2023 after winning it in the 2008 Penang state election and 2018 Penang state election.

Penang State Legislative Assembly
The Penang State Legislative Assembly is the legislature of the Malaysian state of Penang. It is a unicameral institution, consisting of a total of 40 elected lawmakers representing single-member constituencies throughout Penang. The state legislature, whose members are called "State Assemblymen", convenes at the Penang State Assembly Building in Penang's capital city of George Town. The Penang State Executive Council, the executive branch of the Penang state government, is drawn from among the State Assemblymen.

After the 2023 Penang state election, 29 out of 40 seats are held by the Pakatan Harapan (PH) and Barisan Nasional (BN). The PH–BN alliance thus command a supermajority in the legislature. Meanwhile, 11 seats are held by the Perikatan Nasional (PN) opposition coalition.
Peltigera fimbriata
Peltigera fimbriata is a species of foliose lichen in the family Peltigeraceae. Found in Papua New Guinea, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by lichenologists Orvo Vitikainen, Emmanuël Sérusiaux, Bernard Goffinet, and Jolanta Miądlikowska.  The type specimen was collected between Mt. Sarawaket Southern Range and Iloko village (Morobe Province) The species epithet fimbriata refers to the characteristic long hairs that occur on the upper thallus surface.

Peltigeraceae
The Peltigeraceae are a family of lichens in the order Peltigerales. The Peltigeraceae, which contains 15 genera and about 600 species, has recently (2018) been emended to include the families Lobariaceae and Nephromataceae. Many Peltigeraceae species have large and conspicuous, leathery thalli. They largely occur in cool-temperate to tropical montane climates. Tripartite thalli involving fungus, green algae and cyanobacteria are common in this family.
Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion
The Global Information Grid Bandwidth Expansion (GIG-BE) Program was a major United States Department of Defense (DOD) net-centric transformational initiative executed by DISA. Part of the Global Information Grid project, GIG-BE created a ubiquitous "bandwidth-available" environment to improve national security intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance, information assurance, as well as command and control. Through GIG-BE, DISA leveraged DOD's existing end-to-end information transport capabilities, significantly expanding capacity and reliability to select Joint Staff-approved locations worldwide. GIG-BE achieved Full Operational Capability (FOC) on December 20, 2005.

Intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance
ISTAR stands for intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance. In its macroscopic sense, ISTAR is a practice that links several battlefield functions together to assist a combat force in employing its sensors and managing the information they gather.

Information is collected on the battlefield through systematic observation by deployed soldiers and a variety of electronic sensors. Surveillance, target acquisition and reconnaissance are methods of obtaining this information.  The information is then passed to intelligence personnel for analysis, and then to the commander and their staff for the formulation of battle plans. Intelligence is processed information that is relevant and contributes to an understanding of the ground, and of enemy dispositions and intents. Intelligence failures can happen.
Klingon Language Institute
The Klingon Language Institute (KLI) is an independent organization originally founded in Flourtown, Pennsylvania and now located in Kentucky. Its goal is to promote the Klingon language, a constructed language from the Star Trek fictional universe, as well as Klingon culture.

Klingon culture
Klingon culture is a set of customs and practices of Klingons depicted in the fictional Star Trek universe. The fictional Klingon society is based on Klingon traditions and conventions, as well as a constructed language named Klingon. Klingons were created by Gene L. Coon.
Mariángela Bonanni
Mariángela Bonanni (born 15 August 1988) is a Venezuelan fashion model and beauty pageant titleholder. She started her career representing her native state Táchira in the Miss Venezuela 2009 pageant on 24 September 2009, and won the title of 1st runner up and Best Catwalk. She subsequently represented Venezuela in the 2010 Miss Earth beauty pageant, in Nha Trang, (Vietnam) on 4 December 2010, and ranked in Top 7.

After the beauty pageants and escort work she began her career as a model in 2012, which she currently continues developing, currently dating her manager. In her career as a model she has lived in different countries such as Mexico, Spain, Greece, Turkey, London and the United States.

Táchira
Táchira State (Spanish: Estado Táchira, IPA: [esˈtaðo ˈtatʃiɾa]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. The state capital is San Cristóbal.

Táchira State covers a total surface area of 11,100 square kilometres (4,300 sq mi) and as of the 2011 census, had a population of 1,168,908. At the end of the 19th century, Táchira State was where oil was discovered in Venezuela. Currently, its main economic revenues come from the production of coffee and pineapple. The cattle and agricultural activities play an important role in Táchira's economy. There is also a strong industrial sector which focuses on the processing of potato, sugar, milk, and cheese and the production of textiles.

Táchira State is one of the three Venezuelan Andean states (the other two are Mérida and Trujillo). This state borders Zulia State to the north, Barinas and Mérida States to the east, Apure and Barinas States to the south, and Colombia (Norte de Santander Department) to the west.
Igbo Jews
Igbo Jews are members of the Igbo people of Nigeria who practice Judaism. It is a tenet of their beliefs that they have ties to one of the lost tribes of Israel, the tribe of Gad.

Jews have been documented in parts of Nigeria since the precolonial period, but it is not known for the Igbo to have claimed Israelite descent or practiced Judaism prior to colonial times. Significant Igbo identification with Jews concretized during and after the Biafran War (1967–1970).

No formal census has been taken in the region and the precise number of Igbo in Nigeria who practice Judaism is not known. An estimated 30,000 Igbo Jews, having at least 26 synagogues of various sizes, were said to exist in 2008. In 2021 there were said to be approximately 12,000-15,000 practicing Igbo Jews in Nigeria, comprising some 70 active communities. A more conservative figure of at least 2,000-3,000 Igbo practicing Judaism, and at most 5,000, has also been given.

Tribe of Gad
According to the Bible, the Tribe of Gad (Hebrew: גָּד, Modern: Gad, Tiberian: Gāḏ, "soldier" or "luck") was one of the Twelve Tribes of Israel who, after the Exodus from Egypt, settled on the eastern side of the Jordan River. It is one of the ten lost tribes.
2011 United States embassy attack in Sarajevo
A gunman fired with a Kalashnikov rifle on the United States embassy in Sarajevo on 28 October 2011, resulting in one local policeman guarding the embassy being wounded in the arm by the gunman, while the shooter was wounded by a police sniper.

Kalashnikov rifle
Kalashnikov rifles (Russian: Автоматы Калашникова), also known as the AK platform, AK rifles, or simply the AK, are a family of assault rifles based on Mikhail Kalashnikov's original design. They are officially known in Russian as avtomat Kalashnikova (Russian: автомат Калашникова, lit. 'Kalashnikov's automatic [rifle]'), and informally as kalash in Russian.
Rael, Syria
Rael (Arabic: راعل, romanized: Rā'aīl), also spelled Ra'il, is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. Located halfway between Azaz and al-Rai, some 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of the city of Aleppo and 8 km (5.0 mi) south of the border to the Turkish province of Kilis, the village administratively belongs to Nahiya Sawran in Azaz District. Nearby localities include Ihtaimlat 3 km (1.9 mi) to the south and Dabiq 5 km (3.1 mi) to the south. In the 2004 census, Rael had a population of 1,750. The village is inhabited by Turkmen. Traveler Martin Hartmann noted the village as a Turkish village in late 19th century.

Azaz District
Azaz District (Arabic: منطقة أعزاز, romanized: manṭiqat A'zāz) is a district of Aleppo Governorate in northern Syria. The administrative centre is the city of Azaz. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 251,769.

The district lies between Afrin District to the west, Mount Simeon District to the south and al-Bab District to the east. To the north is the Kilis Province of Turkey.
Rendel (film)
Rendel, also known as Rendel: Dark Vengeance is a 2017 Finnish superhero film written, produced and directed by Jesse Haaja. The film is based on Haaja's self-created character, Rendel. Lead roles are played by Kris Gummerus, Matti Onnismaa, Rami Rusinen and Renne Korppila. The rest of the cast includes Alina Tomnikov, Tero Salenius, Aake Kalliala, Anu Palevaara and Kristina Karjalainen. The film won the Best Action Movie award at the Feratum Film Festival in Mexico.

The sequel, Rendel 2: Cycle of Revenge, was shot in Kainuu in 2019. Raven Banner Entertainment announced Rendel: Cycle of Revenge on their sale slate on EFM 2024.

Anu Palevaara
Anu Irmeli Palevaara (born 14 August 1971 in Helsinki) is a Finnish actress, choreographer and dancer. She is best known for her role as Jenni Vainio in the Finnish soap opera Salatut elämät which airs on MTV3. Palevaara has been with the series from the beginning, but in year 2001 she had a child and left for maternity leave. Palevaara's pregnancy was written in the series so that her character Jenni had a child. Palevaara returned to the series after her maternity leave. Palevaara's character Jenni was killed off in 2013.

Anu Palevaara studied dance, drama and singing in the Laine Theatre Arts - music theater school in England 1990–1994. Palevaara has made choreographies for the municipal theatre of Lahti and to Hot Club Company, to name a few. She also starred as the leading woman in the successful Finnish film Kuningasjätkä (1998) directed by Markku Pölönen as well as in the TV series Iskelmäprinssi. In 1998, she hosted Tangomarkkinat with Heikki Hietamies.
Hall Air Yacht
The Hall Air Yacht was a 2-seat, tandem, sesquiplane, flying boat, designed and built in the United States in 1923. The Air Yacht was Charles Ward Hall's first attempt at building an aircraft with his company Charles Ward Hall Inc. of Mamaroneck NY. Hall, and his later company Hall Aluminum Aircraft Corp., which would develop manufacturing processes for riveted aluminum alloy aircraft structures in the US. (Charles Ward Hall is not to be confused with Charles Martin Hall, the founder of Alcoa.)

Charles Martin Hall
Charles Martin Hall (December 6, 1863 – December 27, 1914) was an American inventor, businessman, and chemist. He is best known for his invention in 1886 of an inexpensive method for producing aluminium, which became the first metal to attain widespread use since the prehistoric discovery of iron. He was one of the founders of Alcoa, along with Alfred E. Hunt; Hunt's partner at the Pittsburgh Testing Laboratory, George Hubbard Clapp; Hunt's chief chemist, W. S. Sample; Howard Lash, head of the Carbon Steel Company; Millard Hunsiker, sales manager for the Carbon Steel Company; and Robert Scott, a mill superintendent for the Carnegie Steel Company. Together they raised $20,000 to launch the Pittsburgh Reduction Company, which was later renamed Aluminum Company of America and then shortened to Alcoa.